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[ "Slasher film\nhello", "yes", "yeah really me too i was in my country thats how i know about that movie", "now i live in miami fl i still watch this movie", "oh yah i know about that movie too i also like it too" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Slasher films are a subgenre of horror films, typically involving a violent psychopath stalking and murdering several people, usually with bladed tools.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Although the term \"slasher\" is sometimes used informally as a generic term for any horror movie involving murder, analysts of the genre cite an established set of characteristics which set these films apart from other horror subgenres, such as splatter films and psychological horror films.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Some critics cite the Italian giallo films and the British-produced psychological thriller or psychological horror films \"Peeping Tom\" (1960) by Michael Powell and \"Psycho\" (1960) by Alfred Hitchcock as the earliest influential \"slasher\" films, and most agree that the genre's peak occurred in American films released during the 1970s and 1980s.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Classic slasher films include Tobe Hooper's \"The Texas Chain Saw Massacre\" (1974), John Carpenter's \"Halloween\" (1978), Victor Miller and Sean S. Cunningham's \"Friday the 13th\" (1980), Wes Craven's \"A Nightmare on Elm Street\" (1984), and Don Mancini and Tom Holland's \"Child's Play\" (1988).", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Wes Craven's satirical film \"Scream\" (1996) renewed public interest in the genre, and several of the original slasher film series were revived or rebooted in the years following the release of \"Scream\".", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ In 1997, Japanese rock group Sharam Q, fronted by Tsunku, began auditions for a female vocalist.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ These auditions aired via the reality show Asayan, and resulted in Michiyo Heike being crowned winner.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Tsunku, however, decided to give five of the runners-up, Yuko Nakazawa, Natsumi Abe, Kaori Iida, Asuka Fukuda and Aya Ishiguro, a chance to become a group in their own right.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls were set the task of selling 50,000 copies of their demo single \"Ai no Tane,\" in just five days.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls sold the required number of copies in four days, and subsequently became an official group.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Morning Musume's debut single, \"Morning Coffee,\" was released on January 28, 1998 on the One Up Music label and charted at #6 on the Oricon weekly chart.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ \"Hello, Goodbye\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ Backed by John Lennon's \"I Am the Walrus\", it was issued as a non-album single in November 1967, the group's first release since the death of their manager, Brian Epstein.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The single was commercially successful around the world, topping charts in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and several other countries.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ McCartney later said that the lyrics take duality as their theme.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The song originated when, in response to a question from Beatles aide Alistair Taylor about songwriting, McCartney sat down at a harmonium and asked Taylor to say the opposite of whatever he said.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a song by English singer Adele, released on 23 October 2015 by XL Recordings as the lead single from her third studio album, \"25\" (2015).", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Adele co-wrote the song with her producer, Greg Kurstin.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a piano ballad with soul influences, and lyrics that discuss themes of nostalgia and regret.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Upon release, the song was acclaimed by music critics, who compared it favourably to Adele's previous work and praised the song's lyrics and Adele's vocals while many critics and publications ranked it as one of the best songs of the year.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ It was recorded in London.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" reached number one in almost every country it charted in, including the United Kingdom, where it became her second UK number-one single, following \"Someone like You\", and has the largest opening week sales in three years.", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ String functions are used in computer programming languages to manipulate a string or query information about a string (some do both).", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ Most programming languages that have a string datatype will have some string functions although there may be other low-level ways within each language to handle strings directly.", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ In object-oriented languages, string functions are often implemented as properties and methods of string objects.", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ In functional and list-based languages a string is represented as a list (of character codes), therefore all list-manipulation procedures could be considered string functions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Slasher films are a subgenre of horror films, typically involving a violent psychopath stalking and murdering several people, usually with bladed tools.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Although the term \"slasher\" is sometimes used informally as a generic term for any horror movie involving murder, analysts of the genre cite an established set of characteristics which set these films apart from other horror subgenres, such as splatter films and psychological horror films.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Some critics cite the Italian giallo films and the British-produced psychological thriller or psychological horror films \"Peeping Tom\" (1960) by Michael Powell and \"Psycho\" (1960) by Alfred Hitchcock as the earliest influential \"slasher\" films, and most agree that the genre's peak occurred in American films released during the 1970s and 1980s.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Classic slasher films include Tobe Hooper's \"The Texas Chain Saw Massacre\" (1974), John Carpenter's \"Halloween\" (1978), Victor Miller and Sean S. Cunningham's \"Friday the 13th\" (1980), Wes Craven's \"A Nightmare on Elm Street\" (1984), and Don Mancini and Tom Holland's \"Child's Play\" (1988).", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Wes Craven's satirical film \"Scream\" (1996) renewed public interest in the genre, and several of the original slasher film series were revived or rebooted in the years following the release of \"Scream\".", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The culmination of multiple years of debate and planning after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown constitutional accords, the referendum was launched solely by the provincial Parti Québécois government of Jacques Parizeau.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ Despite initial predictions of a heavy sovereignist defeat, an eventful and complex campaign followed, with the \"Yes\" side flourishing after being taken over by charismatic Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men are a culture jamming activist duo and network of supporters created by Jacques Servin and Igor Vamos.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ Through actions of tactical media, the Yes Men primarily aim to raise awareness about problematic social and political issues.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ To date, the duo have produced three films: \"The Yes Men\" (2003), \"The Yes Men Fix the World\" (2009) and \"The Yes Men Are Revolting\" (2014).", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ In these films, they impersonate entities that they dislike, a practice that they call \"identity correction\".", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men operate under the mission statement that lies can expose truth.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ They create and maintain fake websites similar to ones they intend to spoof, which have led to numerous interview, conference, and TV talk show invitations.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "Halloween (1978 film) __knowledge__ Halloween is a 1978 American slasher film directed and scored by John Carpenter, co-written with producer Debra Hill, and starring Donald Pleasence and Jamie Lee Curtis in her film debut.", "Halloween (1978 film) __knowledge__ It is the first installment in the \"Halloween\" franchise.", "Halloween (1978 film) __knowledge__ In the film, on Halloween night in 1963, Michael Myers murders his sister in the fictional Midwestern United States town of Haddonfield, Illinois.", "Halloween (1978 film) __knowledge__ He escapes on October 30, 1978, from Smith's Grove Sanitarium, and returns home to kill again.", "Halloween (1978 film) __knowledge__ The next day, Halloween, Michael stalks teenager Laurie Strode and her friends, while Michael's psychiatrist, Samuel Loomis, pursues his patient, knowing his intentions.", "Gender in slasher films __knowledge__ Slasher films, such as \"Friday the 13th\", \"He Knows You're Alone\", \"A Nightmare on Elm Street\", and \"Prom Night\", feature acts of extreme violence portrayed in graphic detail.", "Gender in slasher films __knowledge__ \"The slasher film typically involves a killer who stalks and graphically murders a series of victims in a typically random, unprovoked fashion.", "Gender in slasher films __knowledge__ The victims are usually teenagers or young adults who are away from mainstream civilization or far away from help.", "Gender in slasher films __knowledge__ These films typically begin with the murder of a young woman and end with a one female survivor who manages to subdue the killer, only to discover that the problem has not been completely solved\".", "The Burning (film) __knowledge__ The Burning is a 1981 slasher film directed by Tony Maylam and written by Peter Lawrence and Bob Weinstein.", "The Burning (film) __knowledge__ It is based on an original story by Maylam, Harvey Weinstein, and Brad Grey, with a musical score by Rick Wakeman of the progressive rock band Yes.", "The Burning (film) __knowledge__ The film is loosely based on the upstate New York urban legend of Cropsey, a tale that became popular at summer camps in the 1960s and '70s.", "The Burning (film) __knowledge__ In the film, a summer camp caretaker named Cropsy who was horribly disfigured from a prank gone wrong is released from the hospital with severe deformities and seeks revenge with garden shears on those he holds responsible, starting with the kids at a nearby summer camp.", "Horror film __knowledge__ A horror film is a movie that seeks to elicit a physiological reaction, such as an elevated heartbeat, through the use of fear and shocking one’s audiences.", "Horror film __knowledge__ Initially often inspired by literature from authors like Edgar Allan Poe, Bram Stoker and Mary Shelley, horror has existed as a film genre for more than a century.", "Horror film __knowledge__ The macabre and the supernatural are frequent themes.", "Horror film __knowledge__ Horror may also overlap with the fantasy, supernatural fiction and thriller genres.", "Horror film __knowledge__ Horror films often aim to evoke viewers' nightmares, fears, revulsions and terror of the unknown.", "Horror film __knowledge__ Plots within the horror genre often involve the intrusion of an evil force, event, or personage into the everyday world.", "Friday the 13th (franchise) __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that comprises twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, comic books, video games, and tie‑in merchandise, as of 2017.", "Friday the 13th (franchise) __knowledge__ The franchise mainly focuses on the fictional character Jason Voorhees, who drowned as a boy at Camp Crystal Lake due to the negligence of the camp staff.", "Friday the 13th (franchise) __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "Friday the 13th (franchise) __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, as either the killer or the motivation for the killings.", "Friday the 13th (franchise) __knowledge__ The original film was written by Victor Miller and was produced and directed by Sean S. Cunningham.", "Friday the 13th (2009 film) __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is a 2009 American slasher film written by Damian Shannon and Mark Swift, and directed by Marcus Nispel.", "Friday the 13th (2009 film) __knowledge__ The film is a reboot of the \"Friday the 13th\" film series, which began in 1980, and is the twelfth installment in the film series.", "Friday the 13th (2009 film) __knowledge__ Nispel also directed the 2003 remake of Tobe Hooper's \"The Texas Chain Saw Massacre\" (1974), while Shannon and Swift had written the screenplay for the 2003 crossover \"Freddy vs. Jason\".", "Friday the 13th (2009 film) __knowledge__ \"Friday the 13th\" follows Clay Miller (Jared Padalecki) as he searches for his missing sister, Whitney (Amanda Righetti), who is captured by Jason Voorhees (Derek Mears) while camping in woodland at Crystal Lake." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Slasher films are a subgenre of horror films, typically involving a violent psychopath stalking and murdering several people, usually with bladed tools.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Although the term \"slasher\" is sometimes used informally as a generic term for any horror movie involving murder, analysts of the genre cite an established set of characteristics which set these films apart from other horror subgenres, such as splatter films and psychological horror films.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Some critics cite the Italian giallo films and the British-produced psychological thriller or psychological horror films \"Peeping Tom\" (1960) by Michael Powell and \"Psycho\" (1960) by Alfred Hitchcock as the earliest influential \"slasher\" films, and most agree that the genre's peak occurred in American films released during the 1970s and 1980s.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Classic slasher films include Tobe Hooper's \"The Texas Chain Saw Massacre\" (1974), John Carpenter's \"Halloween\" (1978), Victor Miller and Sean S. Cunningham's \"Friday the 13th\" (1980), Wes Craven's \"A Nightmare on Elm Street\" (1984), and Don Mancini and Tom Holland's \"Child's Play\" (1988).", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Wes Craven's satirical film \"Scream\" (1996) renewed public interest in the genre, and several of the original slasher film series were revived or rebooted in the years following the release of \"Scream\".", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Polikarpov R-5 __knowledge__ The Polikarpov R-5 was a Soviet reconnaissance bomber aircraft of the 1930s.", "Polikarpov R-5 __knowledge__ It was the standard light bomber and reconnaissance aircraft of the Soviet Air Force for much of the 1930s, while also being used heavily as a civilian light transport, some 7,000 being built in total.", "Polikarpov R-5 __knowledge__ The R-5 was developed by the design bureau led by Nikolai Nikolaevich Polikarpov as a replacement for the R-1 which served as the standard reconnaissance and light bomber aircraft with the Soviet Air Force.", "Polikarpov R-5 __knowledge__ The prototype first flew in autumn 1928, powered by an imported German BMW VI V-12 engine.", "Polikarpov R-5 __knowledge__ It was an unequal-span single-bay biplane of mainly wooden construction.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010 film) __knowledge__ A Nightmare on Elm Street is a 2010 American slasher film directed by Samuel Bayer, and written by Wesley Strick and Eric Heisserer.", "A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010 film) __knowledge__ The film stars Jackie Earle Haley, Kyle Gallner, Rooney Mara, Katie Cassidy, Thomas Dekker, and Kellan Lutz.", "A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010 film) __knowledge__ It is a remake of Wes Craven's 1984 film of the same name; produced by Michael Bay and Platinum Dunes, it is designed to reboot the \"Nightmare on Elm Street\" franchise.", "A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010 film) __knowledge__ The film centers around a group of teenagers being stalked and murdered in their dreams by a man named Freddy Krueger, ultimately discovering they all share a common link from their childhood that is making them targets for Freddy.", "Scream (1996 film) __knowledge__ Scream is a 1996 American slasher film directed by Wes Craven and written by Kevin Williamson.", "Scream (1996 film) __knowledge__ The film stars David Arquette, Neve Campbell, Courteney Cox, Matthew Lillard, Rose McGowan, Skeet Ulrich, and Drew Barrymore.", "Scream (1996 film) __knowledge__ Released on December 20, 1996, \"Scream\" follows the character of Sidney Prescott (Campbell), a high school student in the fictional town of Woodsboro, California, who becomes the target of a mysterious killer known as Ghostface.", "Scream (1996 film) __knowledge__ The film combined black comedy and \"whodunit\" mystery with the violence of the slasher genre to satirize the clichés of the horror film genre popularized in films such as \"Halloween\" and \"Friday the 13th\".", "Friday the 13th (franchise) __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that comprises twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, comic books, video games, and tie‑in merchandise, as of 2017.", "Friday the 13th (franchise) __knowledge__ The franchise mainly focuses on the fictional character Jason Voorhees, who drowned as a boy at Camp Crystal Lake due to the negligence of the camp staff.", "Friday the 13th (franchise) __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "Friday the 13th (franchise) __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, as either the killer or the motivation for the killings.", "Friday the 13th (franchise) __knowledge__ The original film was written by Victor Miller and was produced and directed by Sean S. Cunningham.", "Halloween (franchise) __knowledge__ Halloween is an American horror franchise that consists of ten films, novels, comic books, merchandise, and a video game.", "Halloween (franchise) __knowledge__ The franchise predominately focuses on the fictional character of Michael Myers who was committed to a sanitarium as a child for the murder of his older sister, Judith Myers.", "Halloween (franchise) __knowledge__ Fifteen years later, he escapes to stalk and kill the people of the fictional town of Haddonfield, Illinois while being chased by his former psychiatrist, Dr. Sam Loomis.", "Halloween (franchise) __knowledge__ Michael's killings occur on the holiday of Halloween, on which all of the films primarily take place.", "Halloween (franchise) __knowledge__ The original \"Halloween\", released in 1978, was written by John Carpenter and Debra Hill, and directed by Carpenter.", "List of A Nightmare on Elm Street characters __knowledge__ \"A Nightmare on Elm Street\" series, created by Wes Craven, focuses on several characters who are faced with surviving the attacks of Freddy Krueger (Robert Englund), a child murderer, who gains the ability to stalk and kill people in their dreams, killing them in reality, after his own death at the hands of a vengeful mob.", "List of A Nightmare on Elm Street characters __knowledge__ The series includes nine films: \"A Nightmare on Elm Street\" (1984), \"\" (1985), \"\" (1987), \"\" (1988), \"\" (1989) and \"\" (1991), in which Freddy is seemingly killed.", "List of A Nightmare on Elm Street characters __knowledge__ A demonic interpretation followed in \"Wes Craven's New Nightmare\" (1994) where Freddy Krueger attempted to break free from the films into the real world.", "The Nightmare Before Christmas __knowledge__ The Nightmare Before Christmas (also known as Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas) is a 1993 American stop-motion animated musical dark fantasy film directed by Henry Selick, and produced and conceived by Tim Burton.", "The Nightmare Before Christmas __knowledge__ It tells the story of Jack Skellington, a resident from \"Halloween Town\" who stumbles through a portal to \"Christmas Town\" and decides to celebrate the holiday, with some dastardly and comical consequences.", "The Nightmare Before Christmas __knowledge__ Danny Elfman wrote the songs and score, and provided the singing voice of Jack.", "The Nightmare Before Christmas __knowledge__ The principal voice cast also includes Chris Sarandon, Catherine O'Hara, William Hickey, Ken Page, Paul Reubens, and Glenn Shadix." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Slasher films are a subgenre of horror films, typically involving a violent psychopath stalking and murdering several people, usually with bladed tools.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Although the term \"slasher\" is sometimes used informally as a generic term for any horror movie involving murder, analysts of the genre cite an established set of characteristics which set these films apart from other horror subgenres, such as splatter films and psychological horror films.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Some critics cite the Italian giallo films and the British-produced psychological thriller or psychological horror films \"Peeping Tom\" (1960) by Michael Powell and \"Psycho\" (1960) by Alfred Hitchcock as the earliest influential \"slasher\" films, and most agree that the genre's peak occurred in American films released during the 1970s and 1980s.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Classic slasher films include Tobe Hooper's \"The Texas Chain Saw Massacre\" (1974), John Carpenter's \"Halloween\" (1978), Victor Miller and Sean S. Cunningham's \"Friday the 13th\" (1980), Wes Craven's \"A Nightmare on Elm Street\" (1984), and Don Mancini and Tom Holland's \"Child's Play\" (1988).", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Wes Craven's satirical film \"Scream\" (1996) renewed public interest in the genre, and several of the original slasher film series were revived or rebooted in the years following the release of \"Scream\".", "Karma Phuntsok __knowledge__ Karma Phuntsok (; born 1952 in Lhasa, Tibet) is a Tibetan painter.", "Karma Phuntsok __knowledge__ He fled Tibet with his family after the uprising against the Chinese in 1959, escaping into India as refugees.", "Karma Phuntsok __knowledge__ He studied drawing and painting through his school years in India.", "Karma Phuntsok __knowledge__ In 1973 Karma studied thanka painting with a master of traditional Tibetan thanka painting in Nepal.", "Karma Phuntsok __knowledge__ Since then he has been making paintings based on Tibetan Buddhist deities.", "Karma Phuntsok __knowledge__ In 1981 Karma migrated to Australia, and now lives in the bush north of Kyogle with his wife and son.", "Karma Phuntsok __knowledge__ Karma's paintings are collected worldwide, and published in various books and magazines.", "Pose (artist) __knowledge__ Jordan Nickel (born 1980), professionally known as POSE, is a contemporary American artist living and working in Chicago, Illinois.", "Pose (artist) __knowledge__ Known for fine art as well as murals and sculptures, Pose was named one of CNN’s Ones to Watch in 2014.", "Pose (artist) __knowledge__ Shepard Fairey has described his work as “a hybrid of the aesthetics of pop art, graffiti, sign painting and comics that are all areas of his interest done in his own style.” Pose has been featured numerous times in Juxtapoz Art & Culture Magazine and praised for his work’s bubbling colors, hidden characters, and intricate design, making him a favorite amongst both graffiti enthusiasts and the fine art world.", "South Florida Educational Federal Credit Union __knowledge__ South Florida Educational Federal Credit Union is a Florida intrastate credit union headquartered in and serving the Miami area.", "South Florida Educational Federal Credit Union __knowledge__ The credit union has seven branches throughout Miami-Dade County serving over 74,900 members.", "South Florida Educational Federal Credit Union __knowledge__ Assets total over $1 billion.", "South Florida Educational Federal Credit Union __knowledge__ The financial cooperative was founded as Dade County School Employees Federal Credit Union, National Credit Union Administration charter number 176, in 1935.", "South Florida Educational Federal Credit Union __knowledge__ Originally, membership was restricted to employees and family members of the then Dade County Public School System.", "South Florida Educational Federal Credit Union __knowledge__ The name was changed to Dade County School Employees Federal Credit Union to reflect the acceptance of Miami-Dade College employees as members in 1972.", "Coalition of Hope __knowledge__ The Coalition of Hope Foundation, Inc. (COH) is a US-based 501(c)(3), not-for-profit, charitable organization that provides global humanitarian assistance and disaster-relief support.", "Coalition of Hope __knowledge__ COH was founded by Timothy J. Keegan in September 2005 in Miami FL.", "Coalition of Hope __knowledge__ The primary goal of COH is Project Excelsior, a plan to utilize the recently decommissioned USS Nassau (LHA-4) as its primary operations platform.", "Coalition of Hope __knowledge__ The vessel, referred to as a humanitarian assistance disaster relief vessel (HADR/V), will serve as a sea-based platform for conducting humanitarian assistance disaster relief (HADR) operations.", "Coalition of Hope __knowledge__ Coalition of Hope Foundation CEO Tim Keegan was active in the response to the January 2010 Haiti earthquake.", "Jen Stark __knowledge__ Jen Stark (born 1983 in Miami, Florida) is an American artist who lives and works in Los Angeles, CA.", "Jen Stark __knowledge__ She studied at the Maryland Institute College of Art (MICA), graduating in 2005 Magna Cum Laude with a BFA majoring in Fibers and a minor in Animation.", "Jen Stark __knowledge__ Stark is known for her repetitive, intricate sculptures which often resemble patterns in nature.", "Jen Stark __knowledge__ Stark's hypnotic work mimics plant growth, evolution, topographical maps, infinity, fractals and the geometry of the universe.", "Jen Stark __knowledge__ Although Stark is most recognized for her paper sculptures, she has explored a variety of media including wood, paint, mirrors, metal, and animation.", "Theodore Caplow __knowledge__ Theodore \"Ted\" Caplow (born 1969) is an American social entrepreneur, environmental engineer, and inventor.", "Theodore Caplow __knowledge__ He is a pioneer in the field of sustainable agriculture, having designed and developed both the Science Barge in Yonkers, NY and the Miami Science Barge, urban farming prototypes that address vegetable and fish production, respectively.", "Theodore Caplow __knowledge__ Caplow has also patented a Vertically Integrated Greenhouse.", "Theodore Caplow __knowledge__ As an academic, Caplow has published a series of peer-reviewed articles on water containment dynamics in the Hudson River Estuary.", "Theodore Caplow __knowledge__ He has founded or co-founded five companies in the area of applied science and sustainable technology: NY Sun Works (2004), BrightFarms (2008), Fish Navy Films (2010), CappSci (2014), and Grayscale Partners (2017).", "Miami __knowledge__ Miami (; ) is a major port city on the Atlantic coast of south Florida in the southeastern United States.", "Miami __knowledge__ As the seat of Miami-Dade County, the municipality is the principal, central, and the most populous city of the Miami metropolitan area and part of the second-most populous metropolis in the southeastern United States.", "Miami __knowledge__ According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Miami's metro area is the eighth-most populous and fourth-largest urban area in the U.S., with a population of around 5.5 million.", "Miami __knowledge__ Miami is a major center, and a leader in finance, commerce, culture, media, entertainment, the arts, and international trade.", "Scream (1996 film) __knowledge__ Scream is a 1996 American slasher film directed by Wes Craven and written by Kevin Williamson.", "Scream (1996 film) __knowledge__ The film stars David Arquette, Neve Campbell, Courteney Cox, Matthew Lillard, Rose McGowan, Skeet Ulrich, and Drew Barrymore.", "Scream (1996 film) __knowledge__ Released on December 20, 1996, \"Scream\" follows the character of Sidney Prescott (Campbell), a high school student in the fictional town of Woodsboro, California, who becomes the target of a mysterious killer known as Ghostface.", "Scream (1996 film) __knowledge__ The film combined black comedy and \"whodunit\" mystery with the violence of the slasher genre to satirize the clichés of the horror film genre popularized in films such as \"Halloween\" and \"Friday the 13th\".", "Grindhouse (film) __knowledge__ Grindhouse is a 2007 American horror film double feature co-written, produced, and directed by Robert Rodriguez and Quentin Tarantino.", "Grindhouse (film) __knowledge__ The double feature consists of two feature-length segments, Rodriguez's \"Planet Terror\" and Tarantino's \"Death Proof\", and is bookended by fictional trailers for upcoming attractions (though two of the trailers, \"Machete\" and \"Hobo with a Shotgun\", have since been made into movies), advertisements, and in-theater announcements.", "Grindhouse (film) __knowledge__ The film's title derives from the U.S. film industry term \"grindhouse\", which refers to (now mostly defunct) movie theaters specializing in B movies, often exploitation films, shown in a multiple-feature format.", "Horror film __knowledge__ A horror film is a movie that seeks to elicit a physiological reaction, such as an elevated heartbeat, through the use of fear and shocking one’s audiences.", "Horror film __knowledge__ Initially often inspired by literature from authors like Edgar Allan Poe, Bram Stoker and Mary Shelley, horror has existed as a film genre for more than a century.", "Horror film __knowledge__ The macabre and the supernatural are frequent themes.", "Horror film __knowledge__ Horror may also overlap with the fantasy, supernatural fiction and thriller genres.", "Horror film __knowledge__ Horror films often aim to evoke viewers' nightmares, fears, revulsions and terror of the unknown.", "Horror film __knowledge__ Plots within the horror genre often involve the intrusion of an evil force, event, or personage into the everyday world.", "Halloween (1978 film) __knowledge__ Halloween is a 1978 American slasher film directed and scored by John Carpenter, co-written with producer Debra Hill, and starring Donald Pleasence and Jamie Lee Curtis in her film debut.", "Halloween (1978 film) __knowledge__ It is the first installment in the \"Halloween\" franchise.", "Halloween (1978 film) __knowledge__ In the film, on Halloween night in 1963, Michael Myers murders his sister in the fictional Midwestern United States town of Haddonfield, Illinois.", "Halloween (1978 film) __knowledge__ He escapes on October 30, 1978, from Smith's Grove Sanitarium, and returns home to kill again.", "Halloween (1978 film) __knowledge__ The next day, Halloween, Michael stalks teenager Laurie Strode and her friends, while Michael's psychiatrist, Samuel Loomis, pursues his patient, knowing his intentions.", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ Scream is an American horror franchise created by Kevin Williamson and Wes Craven.", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ Starring Neve Campbell, Courteney Cox, and David Arquette, the film series grossed over $604 million in worldwide box-office receipts and consists of four motion pictures directed by Craven.", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ The first series entry, \"Scream\", was released on December 20, 1996 and is currently the highest-grossing slasher film in the United States.", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ The second entry \"Scream 2\" was released on December 12, 1997 followed by a third installment, \"Scream 3\", released February 4, 2000.", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ Eleven years after the previous film, \"Scream 4\" was released on April 15, 2011.", "Halloween II (1981 film) __knowledge__ Halloween II is a 1981 American slasher film and the second installment in the \"Halloween\" film series.", "Halloween II (1981 film) __knowledge__ Directed by Rick Rosenthal, written and produced by John Carpenter and Debra Hill, it is a direct sequel to Carpenter's \"Halloween\", immediately picking up where it had left off.", "Halloween II (1981 film) __knowledge__ Set on the same night of October 31, 1978, Michael Myers follows survivor Laurie Strode (Jamie Lee Curtis) to a nearby hospital while Dr. Sam Loomis (Donald Pleasence) is still in pursuit of his patient.", "Halloween II (1981 film) __knowledge__ Stylistically, \"Halloween II\" reproduces certain key elements that made the original \"Halloween\" a success, such as first-person camera perspectives, and the film picks up right at the end of the cliffhanger ending of the original film." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Slasher films are a subgenre of horror films, typically involving a violent psychopath stalking and murdering several people, usually with bladed tools.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Although the term \"slasher\" is sometimes used informally as a generic term for any horror movie involving murder, analysts of the genre cite an established set of characteristics which set these films apart from other horror subgenres, such as splatter films and psychological horror films.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Some critics cite the Italian giallo films and the British-produced psychological thriller or psychological horror films \"Peeping Tom\" (1960) by Michael Powell and \"Psycho\" (1960) by Alfred Hitchcock as the earliest influential \"slasher\" films, and most agree that the genre's peak occurred in American films released during the 1970s and 1980s.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Classic slasher films include Tobe Hooper's \"The Texas Chain Saw Massacre\" (1974), John Carpenter's \"Halloween\" (1978), Victor Miller and Sean S. Cunningham's \"Friday the 13th\" (1980), Wes Craven's \"A Nightmare on Elm Street\" (1984), and Don Mancini and Tom Holland's \"Child's Play\" (1988).", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Wes Craven's satirical film \"Scream\" (1996) renewed public interest in the genre, and several of the original slasher film series were revived or rebooted in the years following the release of \"Scream\".", "St. Olaf College __knowledge__ St. Olaf College is a co-educational, residential, four-year, private liberal arts college in Northfield, Minnesota, United States.", "St. Olaf College __knowledge__ It was founded in 1874 by a group of Norwegian-American immigrant pastors and farmers, led by Pastor Bernt Julius Muus.", "St. Olaf College __knowledge__ The college is named after the King and the Patron Saint Olaf II of Norway and is affiliated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.", "St. Olaf College __knowledge__ The seal of the St. Olaf College displays the Coat of arms of Norway, which includes the axe of St. Olaf.", "St. Olaf College __knowledge__ The motto \"Fram!", "St. Olaf College __knowledge__ Fram!", "St. Olaf College __knowledge__ Kristmenn, Krossmenn\", written in New Norwegian, is adapted from the Old Norse battle cry of King Olaf.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ The Boeing AH-64 Apache is an American four-blade, twin-turboshaft attack helicopter with a tailwheel-type landing gear arrangement and a tandem cockpit for a two-man crew.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ It features a nose-mounted sensor suite for target acquisition and night vision systems.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ It is armed with a M230 chain gun carried between the main landing gear, under the aircraft's forward fuselage, and four hardpoints mounted on stub-wing pylons for carrying armament and stores, typically a mixture of AGM-114 Hellfire missiles and Hydra 70 rocket pods.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ The AH-64 has a large amount of systems redundancy to improve combat survivability.", "Belenggu __knowledge__ Belenggoe (Perfected Spelling: Belenggu; translated to English as Shackles) is a novel by Indonesian author Armijn Pane.", "Belenggu __knowledge__ The novel follows the love triangle between a doctor, his wife, and his childhood friend, which eventually causes each of the three characters to lose the ones they love.", "Belenggu __knowledge__ Originally published by the literary magazine \"Poedjangga Baroe\" in three instalments from April to June 1940, it was the magazine's only published novel.", "Belenggu __knowledge__ It was also the first Indonesian psychological novel.", "Belenggu __knowledge__ \"Belenggu\" was based on themes present in two of Pane's early short stories: \"Barang Tiada Berharga\" (\"Worthless Thing\"; 1935) and \"Lupa\" (\"Forget\"; 1936).", "Hallelujah __knowledge__ Hallelujah ( ) is an English interjection.", "Hallelujah __knowledge__ It is a transliteration of the Hebrew word (Modern \"haleluya\", Tiberian \"haləlûyāh\"), which is composed of two elements: (second-person imperative masculine plural form of the Hebrew verb \"hillel\": an exhortation to \"praise\" addressed to several people) and (the name of God Jah or Yah).", "Hallelujah __knowledge__ The term is used 24 times in the Hebrew Bible (in the book of Psalms), twice in deuterocanonical books, and four times in the Christian Book of Revelation.", "Hallelujah __knowledge__ The word is used in Judaism as part of the Hallel prayers, and in Christian prayer, where since the earliest times it is used in various ways in liturgies, especially those of the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church, both of which use the form \"alleluia\".", "Advanced Attack Helicopter __knowledge__ The Advanced Attack Helicopter (AAH) was a United States Army program to develop an advanced ground attack helicopter beginning in 1972.", "Advanced Attack Helicopter __knowledge__ The Advanced Attack Helicopter program followed cancellation of the Lockheed AH-56 Cheyenne.", "Advanced Attack Helicopter __knowledge__ After evaluating industry proposals, the AAH competition was reduced to offerings from Bell and Hughes.", "Advanced Attack Helicopter __knowledge__ Following a flight test evaluation of prototypes, Hughes' YAH-64 was selected in December 1976.", "Advanced Attack Helicopter __knowledge__ During the mid-1960s, the United States Army initiated the Advanced Aerial Fire Support System (AAFSS) program, which led to the development of the Lockheed AH-56 Cheyenne for use in the anti-tank gunship role.", "Jah __knowledge__ Jah or Yah ( Yah) is a short form of Yahweh (in consonantal spelling YHWH , called the Tetragrammaton), the proper name of God in the Hebrew Bible.", "Jah __knowledge__ This short form of the name occurs 50 times in the text of the Hebrew Bible, of which 24 form part of the phrase \"Hallelujah\", which is actually a two-word phrase, not one word.", "Jah __knowledge__ In an English-language context, the name \"Jah\" is now most commonly associated with the Rastafari.", "Jah __knowledge__ It is otherwise mostly limited to the phrase \"Hallelujah\" and theophoric names such as Elijah.", "Jah __knowledge__ In the King James Version (1611) there is only a single instance of \"JAH\" (capitalised), in Psalm 68:4.", "Bell YAH-63 __knowledge__ The Bell YAH-63 (Model 409) was an experimental attack helicopter for the Advanced Attack Helicopter (AAH) competition.", "Bell YAH-63 __knowledge__ Hughes' \"Model 77/YAH-64\", later developed into the AH-64 Apache, was selected over Bell's entry.", "Bell YAH-63 __knowledge__ During the mid-1960s, United States Army initiated the Advanced Aerial Fire Support System (AAFSS) program to develop the Lockheed AH-56 Cheyenne for the anti-tank gunship role.", "Bell YAH-63 __knowledge__ The U.S. Army pursued the AH-1G HueyCobra as an interim type for the \"jungle fighting\" role.", "Bell YAH-63 __knowledge__ However the Army's broader concern was the task of protecting Western Europe from the legions of Warsaw Pact armor to the east.", "Scream (1996 film) __knowledge__ Scream is a 1996 American slasher film directed by Wes Craven and written by Kevin Williamson.", "Scream (1996 film) __knowledge__ The film stars David Arquette, Neve Campbell, Courteney Cox, Matthew Lillard, Rose McGowan, Skeet Ulrich, and Drew Barrymore.", "Scream (1996 film) __knowledge__ Released on December 20, 1996, \"Scream\" follows the character of Sidney Prescott (Campbell), a high school student in the fictional town of Woodsboro, California, who becomes the target of a mysterious killer known as Ghostface.", "Scream (1996 film) __knowledge__ The film combined black comedy and \"whodunit\" mystery with the violence of the slasher genre to satirize the clichés of the horror film genre popularized in films such as \"Halloween\" and \"Friday the 13th\".", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ Scream is an American horror franchise created by Kevin Williamson and Wes Craven.", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ Starring Neve Campbell, Courteney Cox, and David Arquette, the film series grossed over $604 million in worldwide box-office receipts and consists of four motion pictures directed by Craven.", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ The first series entry, \"Scream\", was released on December 20, 1996 and is currently the highest-grossing slasher film in the United States.", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ The second entry \"Scream 2\" was released on December 12, 1997 followed by a third installment, \"Scream 3\", released February 4, 2000.", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ Eleven years after the previous film, \"Scream 4\" was released on April 15, 2011.", "Scary Movie __knowledge__ Scary Movie is a 2000 American horror comedy film directed by Keenen Ivory Wayans.", "Scary Movie __knowledge__ The film is a parody of the horror, slasher, and mystery film genres.", "Scary Movie __knowledge__ Several mid- and late-'90s films and TV shows are spoofed, and the script is primarily based on the '90s hit horror films \"Scream\" (1996) and \"I Know What You Did Last Summer\" (1997).", "Scary Movie __knowledge__ The film was originally titled \"\"Last Summer I Screamed Because Halloween Fell on Friday the 13th\"\", but was changed to \"Scary Movie\" in homage to the production title of \"Scream\", which was also released through Dimension Films.", "Scary Movie __knowledge__ The first in the \"Scary Movie\" film series, it was followed by four sequels: \"Scary Movie 2\" (2001), \"Scary Movie 3\" (2003), \"Scary Movie 4\" (2006), and \"Scary Movie 5\" (2013).", "List of Scream characters __knowledge__ Wes Craven's \"Scream\" series features a large cast of characters created primarily by Kevin Williamson with contributions from Craven and Ehren Kruger.", "List of Scream characters __knowledge__ The series focuses on the character of Sidney Prescott (Neve Campbell) and a succession of murderers who adopt a ghost-like disguise, dubbed Ghostface, to taunt and attempt to kill her.", "List of Scream characters __knowledge__ The series comprises four films: \"Scream\" (1996), \"Scream 2\" (1997), \"Scream 3\" (2000) and \"Scream 4\" (2011).", "List of Scream characters __knowledge__ Sidney is accompanied in each film by news reporter Gale Weathers (Courteney Cox) and town Deputy Sheriff Dewey Riley (David Arquette).", "List of Scream characters __knowledge__ Sidney is initially hostile to Gale, because Gale has written a book about the murder of Sidney's mother, but they grow closer in each successive film as they survive Ghostface's murder attempts.", "Scary Movie (film series) __knowledge__ Scary Movie is a series of American horror comedy parody films created by Keenen Ivory Wayans with his younger brothers, Shawn Wayans and Marlon Wayans, that mainly specialize in parodying horror films, which have collectively grossed over $895 million at the box-office worldwide.", "Scary Movie (film series) __knowledge__ The two main recurring actors of the first four installments were Anna Faris and Regina Hall as Cindy Campbell and Brenda Meeks, joined by new or recurring actors and characters.", "Scary Movie (film series) __knowledge__ The franchise was developed by The Wayans Brothers, who wrote and directed the first two films before leaving the franchise.", "Scary Movie (film series) __knowledge__ Their entries were produced by Dimension Films and distributed by two different studios: Miramax Films, as it was originally the studio's genre film label during executive producers Bob and Harvey Weinstein's run and produced the first three films, and The Weinstein Company—the brothers' subsequently formed studio—which produced the rest of the series' release after the Weinsteins departed Miramax and took the Dimension label with them.", "Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps) __knowledge__ Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps), also known simply as Scary Monsters, is the 14th studio album by David Bowie, released on 12 September 1980 by RCA Records.", "Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps) __knowledge__ It was his final studio album on the label and his first following his Berlin Trilogy of \"Low\", \"\"Heroes\"\" and \"Lodger\" (1977–1979).", "Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps) __knowledge__ Though considered very significant in artistic terms, the trilogy had proven less successful commercially.", "Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps) __knowledge__ With \"Scary Monsters\", Bowie achieved what biographer David Buckley called \"the perfect balance\" of creativity and mainstream success as well as earning critical acclaim; the album peaked at No.", "Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps) __knowledge__ 1 in the UK and restored Bowie's commercial standing in the US." ] ]

[ 4, 4, 2, 5, 57 ]

[ "Hello! are you a fan of slasher films? Halloween and Friday the 13th are the ones I used to like", "The movie Halloween came out in 1978. I remember Nightmare on Elm st. really being scary to me when I was young.", "oh, so where you live you don't get to see many of the scary \"slasher\" type movies?", "Scream is another one. It was scary on the first one, but they have made so many now, it isn't as scary.", "There were 4 of them! the first one came out in 1996 and the last one Scream 4 came out in 2011" ]

[ "Slasher film", "Slasher film", "Slasher film", "Slasher film", "Slasher film" ]

[ "Christmas\nI love Christmas time. Do you celebrate Christmas/", "Yes, I read once that Jesus was not even born at Christmas time and that it doesn't say that anywhere in the bible. Have you heard that before?", "Yes exactly. I heard that Christians moved the celebration of his birth closer to the older Pagan celebration of the Winter Solstice, because they were trying to concert them.", "Yeah, I agree. It's nice to spend time with the family and eat delicious meals!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed primarily on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world.", "Christmas __knowledge__ A feast central to the Christian liturgical year, it is preceded by the season of Advent or the Nativity Fast and initiates the season of Christmastide, which historically in the West lasts twelve days and culminates on Twelfth Night; in some traditions, Christmastide includes an octave.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas Day is a public holiday in many of the world's nations, is celebrated religiously by a majority of Christians, as well as culturally by many non-Christians, and forms an integral part of the holiday season centered around it.", "Christmas __knowledge__ The traditional Christmas narrative, the Nativity of Jesus, delineated in the New Testament says that Jesus was born in Bethlehem, in accordance with messianic prophecies.", "Christmas __knowledge__ When Joseph and Mary arrived in the city, the inn had no room and so they were offered a stable where the Christ Child was soon born, with angels proclaiming this news to shepherds who then further disseminated the information.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Although the month and date of Jesus' birth are unknown, by the early-to-mid fourth century the Western Christian Church had placed Christmas on December 25, a date that was later adopted in the East.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Christmas dinner __knowledge__ Christmas dinner is a meal traditionally eaten at Christmas.", "Christmas dinner __knowledge__ This meal can take place any time from the evening of Christmas Eve to the evening of Christmas Day itself.", "Christmas dinner __knowledge__ The meals are often particularly rich and substantial, in the tradition of the Christian feast day celebration, and form a significant part of gatherings held to celebrate Christmas.", "Christmas dinner __knowledge__ In some cases, there is a ritual element to the meal related to the religious celebration.", "Christmas dinner __knowledge__ The actual meal consumed varies in different parts of the world with regional cuisines and local traditions.", "Christmas dinner __knowledge__ In many parts of the world, particularly former British colonies, the meal shares some connection with the English Christmas dinner involving roasted meats and pudding of some description.", "Merry Christmas II You __knowledge__ Merry Christmas II You is the second Christmas album and thirteenth studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey.", "Merry Christmas II You __knowledge__ It was released by Island Records on November 2, 2010.", "Merry Christmas II You __knowledge__ Recording began in April 2010 and continued while Carey became pregnant.", "Merry Christmas II You __knowledge__ She was the executive producer of \"Merry Christmas II You\" and worked with various record producers, including Bryan-Michael Cox, Jermaine Dupri, Randy Jackson, James Poyser, Marc Shaiman, James \"Big Jim\" Wright and Johnny \"Sev\" Severin of RedOne.", "Merry Christmas II You __knowledge__ The album features Carey's mother Patricia Carey as a guest vocalist on \"O Come All Ye Faithful\" / \"Hallelujah Chorus\".", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ Epiphany ( ), also Theophany, Little Christmas, or Three Kings' Day, is a Christian feast day that celebrates the revelation of God incarnate as Jesus Christ.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ In Eastern Christianity, the feast commemorates principally (but not solely) the visit of the Magi to the Christ child, and thus Jesus' physical manifestation to the Gentiles.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ Moreover, the feast of the Epiphany, in some Western Christian denominations, also initiates the liturgical season of Epiphanytide.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ Eastern Christians, on the other hand, commemorate the baptism of Jesus on both sides of the Jordan River, seen as his manifestation to the world as the Son of God.", "Christmas Time Is in the Air Again __knowledge__ \"Christmas Time is in the Air Again\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey from her second Christmas album and thirteenth studio album, \"Merry Christmas II You\" (2010).", "Christmas Time Is in the Air Again __knowledge__ It was written and produced by Carey in collaboration with Broadway composer Marc Shaiman.", "Christmas Time Is in the Air Again __knowledge__ Lyrically, it is about finding love during the Christmas season.", "Christmas Time Is in the Air Again __knowledge__ The track garnered positive reviews from critics, with one describing it as an outstanding performance and the only song on the album that could compare to one of Carey's previous Christmas singles, \"All I Want for Christmas Is You\".", "Christmas Time Is in the Air Again __knowledge__ It was released as a single in December 2012.", "Christmas Eve __knowledge__ Christmas Eve is the evening or entire day before Christmas Day, the festival commemorating the birth of Jesus.", "Christmas Eve __knowledge__ Christmas Day is observed around the world, and Christmas Eve is widely observed as a full or partial holiday in anticipation of Christmas Day.", "Christmas Eve __knowledge__ Together, both days are considered one of the most culturally significant celebrations in Christendom and Western society.", "Christmas Eve __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations in the denominations of Western Christianity have long begun on the night of the 24th, due in part to the Christian liturgical day starting at sunset, a practice inherited from Jewish tradition and based on the story of Creation in the Book of Genesis: \"And there was evening, and there was morning – the first day.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed primarily on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world.", "Christmas __knowledge__ A feast central to the Christian liturgical year, it is preceded by the season of Advent or the Nativity Fast and initiates the season of Christmastide, which historically in the West lasts twelve days and culminates on Twelfth Night; in some traditions, Christmastide includes an octave.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas Day is a public holiday in many of the world's nations, is celebrated religiously by a majority of Christians, as well as culturally by many non-Christians, and forms an integral part of the holiday season centered around it.", "Christmas __knowledge__ The traditional Christmas narrative, the Nativity of Jesus, delineated in the New Testament says that Jesus was born in Bethlehem, in accordance with messianic prophecies.", "Christmas __knowledge__ When Joseph and Mary arrived in the city, the inn had no room and so they were offered a stable where the Christ Child was soon born, with angels proclaiming this news to shepherds who then further disseminated the information.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Although the month and date of Jesus' birth are unknown, by the early-to-mid fourth century the Western Christian Church had placed Christmas on December 25, a date that was later adopted in the East.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ Epiphany ( ), also Theophany, Little Christmas, or Three Kings' Day, is a Christian feast day that celebrates the revelation of God incarnate as Jesus Christ.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ In Eastern Christianity, the feast commemorates principally (but not solely) the visit of the Magi to the Christ child, and thus Jesus' physical manifestation to the Gentiles.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ Moreover, the feast of the Epiphany, in some Western Christian denominations, also initiates the liturgical season of Epiphanytide.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ Eastern Christians, on the other hand, commemorate the baptism of Jesus on both sides of the Jordan River, seen as his manifestation to the world as the Son of God.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Religious debates over the \"Harry Potter\" series of books by J. K. Rowling are based on claims that the novels contain occult or Satanic subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ A number of Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox Christians have argued against the series, as have some Shia and Sunni Muslims.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Supporters of the series have said that the magic in \"Harry Potter\" bears little resemblance to occultism, being more in the vein of fairy tales such as \"Cinderella\" and \"Snow White\", or to the works of C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien, both of whom are known for writing fantasy novels with Christian subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Far from promoting a particular religion, some argue, the \"Harry Potter\" novels go out of their way to avoid discussing religion at all.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Theologians may undertake Christian theology in order: or for a variety of other reasons.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology as a discipline of Christian theology formulates an orderly, rational and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophical evolution.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "A Charlie Brown Christmas __knowledge__ A Charlie Brown Christmas is a 1965 animated television special based on the comic strip \"Peanuts\", by Charles M. Schulz.", "A Charlie Brown Christmas __knowledge__ Produced by Lee Mendelson and directed by Bill Melendez, the program made its debut on CBS on December 9, 1965.", "A Charlie Brown Christmas __knowledge__ In the special, lead character Charlie Brown finds himself depressed despite the onset of the cheerful holiday season.", "A Charlie Brown Christmas __knowledge__ Lucy suggests he direct a neighborhood Christmas play, but his best efforts are ignored and mocked by his peers.", "A Charlie Brown Christmas __knowledge__ After Linus tells Charlie Brown about the true meaning of Christmas, Charlie Brown cheers up, and the Peanuts gang unites to celebrate the Christmas season.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ The Eastern Orthodox Church, also known as the Orthodox Church, or officially as the Orthodox Catholic Church, is the second-largest Christian Church, with over 250 million members.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ As one of the oldest religious institutions in the world, it has played a prominent role in the history and culture of Eastern Europe, Greece (including Anatolia), the Caucasus, and the Near East.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ A communion of autocephalous churches (″jurisdictions″, or national churches), each typically governed by its own Holy Synod, its bishops are equal by virtue of ordination, with doctrines summarised in the Nicene Creed.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ The Church has no central doctrinal or governance authority analogous to the Roman Catholic Church's pope; however, the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople is recognised by all as primus inter pares of the bishops, and the Church of Constantinople, since the Great Schism of 1054, enjoys precedence and certain prerogatives.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Alice Cooper __knowledge__ Alice Cooper (born Vincent Damon Furnier; February 4, 1948) is an American singer, songwriter, and actor whose career spans over five decades.", "Alice Cooper __knowledge__ With his distinctive raspy voice and a stage show that features guillotines, electric chairs, fake blood, deadly snakes, baby dolls, and dueling swords, Cooper is considered by music journalists and peers alike to be \"The Godfather of Shock Rock\".", "Alice Cooper __knowledge__ He has drawn equally from horror films, vaudeville, and garage rock to pioneer a macabre and theatrical brand of rock designed to shock people.", "Alice Cooper __knowledge__ Originating in Phoenix, Arizona, in the late 1960s after he moved from Detroit, Michigan, \"Alice Cooper\" was originally a band consisting of Furnier on vocals and harmonica, lead guitarist Glen Buxton, Michael Bruce on rhythm guitar, Dennis Dunaway on bass guitar, and drummer Neal Smith.", "Peter Cetera __knowledge__ Peter Paul Cetera ( ; born September 13, 1944) is an American singer, songwriter, and bassist best known for being an original member of the rock band Chicago (1967–1985), before launching a successful solo career.", "Peter Cetera __knowledge__ His career as a recording artist encompasses seventeen albums with Chicago and eight solo albums.", "Peter Cetera __knowledge__ With \"If You Leave Me Now\", a song written and sung by Cetera on the group's tenth album, Chicago garnered its first Grammy Award.", "Peter Cetera __knowledge__ It was also the group's first number one single.", "Peter Cetera __knowledge__ As a solo artist, Cetera has scored six Top 40 singles, including two that reached number one on \"Billboard\"'s Hot 100 chart in 1986, \"Glory of Love\" and \"The Next Time I Fall\".", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Specimens of Middle Cornish texts are given here in Cornish and English.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Both texts have been dated within the period 1370-1410 and the \"Charter Fragment\" is given in two Cornish orthographies.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ (Earlier examples of written Cornish exist but these are the first in continuous prose or verse.)", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ It was not until the reign of Athelstan that the Cornish kings became subject to the rulers of Wessex: even so the border was established irrevocably on the east bank on the Tamar and in ecclesiastical matters Cornwall was added to the territory of the Bishops of Sherborne.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Under Canute it ceased to be subject to the King of England and only later, at an unknown date in Edward the Confessor's reign was annexed again.", "List of Sharpe series characters __knowledge__ Sharpe is a series of historical fiction stories by Bernard Cornwell centred on the character of Richard Sharpe.", "List of Sharpe series characters __knowledge__ Cornwell's series (composed of several novels and short stories) charts Sharpe's progress in the British Army during the Napoleonic Wars.", "List of Sharpe series characters __knowledge__ Director Tom Clegg filmed the television series Sharpe based on the novels by Bernard Cornwell starring Sean Bean as Richard Sharpe.", "List of Sharpe series characters __knowledge__ The series originally ran from 1993 to 1997.", "List of Sharpe series characters __knowledge__ In 2006, ITV premiered \"Sharpe's Challenge\", a two-part adventure loosely based on his time in India, with Sean Bean continuing his role as Sharpe.", "List of Sharpe series characters __knowledge__ In both the novels and television series, Sharpe encountered many characters, some real and some fictional." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed primarily on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world.", "Christmas __knowledge__ A feast central to the Christian liturgical year, it is preceded by the season of Advent or the Nativity Fast and initiates the season of Christmastide, which historically in the West lasts twelve days and culminates on Twelfth Night; in some traditions, Christmastide includes an octave.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas Day is a public holiday in many of the world's nations, is celebrated religiously by a majority of Christians, as well as culturally by many non-Christians, and forms an integral part of the holiday season centered around it.", "Christmas __knowledge__ The traditional Christmas narrative, the Nativity of Jesus, delineated in the New Testament says that Jesus was born in Bethlehem, in accordance with messianic prophecies.", "Christmas __knowledge__ When Joseph and Mary arrived in the city, the inn had no room and so they were offered a stable where the Christ Child was soon born, with angels proclaiming this news to shepherds who then further disseminated the information.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Although the month and date of Jesus' birth are unknown, by the early-to-mid fourth century the Western Christian Church had placed Christmas on December 25, a date that was later adopted in the East.", "Saint Lucy's Day __knowledge__ Saint Lucia's Day, also called the Feast of Saint Lucia, is a Christian feast day celebrated on 13 December in Advent, commemorating Saint Lucia, a 3rd-century martyr under the Diocletianic Persecution, who according to legend brought \"food and aid to Christians hiding in the catacombs\" using a candle-lit wreath to \"light her way and leave her hands free to carry as much food as possible\".", "Saint Lucy's Day __knowledge__ Her feast once coincided with the Winter Solstice, the shortest day of the year before calendar reforms, so her feast day has become a Christian festival of light.", "Saint Lucy's Day __knowledge__ Falling within the Advent season, Saint Lucia's Day is viewed as an event signaling the arrival of Christmastide, pointing to the arrival of the Light of Christ in the calendar, on Christmas Day.", "Winter solstice __knowledge__ The winter solstice (or hibernal solstice), also known as midwinter, is an astronomical phenomenon marking the day with the shortest period of daylight and the longest night of the year.", "Winter solstice __knowledge__ In the Northern Hemisphere this is the December solstice and in the Southern Hemisphere this is the June solstice.", "Winter solstice __knowledge__ The axial tilt of Earth and gyroscopic effects of its daily rotation mean that the two opposite points in the sky to which the Earth's axis of rotation points (axial precession) change very slowly (at the current rate it would take just under 26,000 years to make a complete circle).", "Winter solstice __knowledge__ As the Earth follows its orbit around the Sun, the polar hemisphere that faced away from the Sun, experiencing winter, will, in half a year, face towards the Sun and experience summer.", "Solstice __knowledge__ A solstice is an event occurring when the Sun appears to reach its most northerly or southerly excursion relative to the celestial equator on the celestial sphere.", "Solstice __knowledge__ Two solstices occur annually, on about 21 June and 21 December.", "Solstice __knowledge__ The seasons of the year are directly connected to both the solstices and the equinoxes.", "Solstice __knowledge__ The term \"solstice\" can also be used in a broader sense, as the day when this occurs.", "Solstice __knowledge__ The day of the solstice in either hemisphere has either the most sunlight of the year (summer solstice) or the least sunlight of the year (winter solstice) for any place other than the Equator.", "Solstice __knowledge__ Alternative terms, with no ambiguity as to which hemisphere is the context, are June solstice and December solstice, referring to the months of year in which they take place.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Midsummer __knowledge__ Midsummer, also known as St John's Day, is the period of time centered upon the summer solstice, and more specifically the northern European celebrations that accompany the actual solstice or take place on a day between June 19 and June 25 and the preceding evening.", "Midsummer __knowledge__ The exact dates vary between different cultures.", "Midsummer __knowledge__ The Christian Church designated June 24 as the feast day of the early Christian martyr St John the Baptist, and the observance of St John's Day begins the evening before, known as St John's Eve.", "Midsummer __knowledge__ These are commemorated by many Christian denominations.", "Midsummer __knowledge__ In Sweden the Midsummer is such an important festivity that there have been serious discussions to make the Midsummer's Eve into the National Day of Sweden, instead of June 6.", "Bonfire __knowledge__ A bonfire is a large but controlled outdoor fire, used either for informal disposal of burnable waste material or as part of a celebration.", "Bonfire __knowledge__ In many regions of continental Europe, bonfires are made traditionally on 16 January, the solemnity of John the Baptist, as well as on Saturday night before Easter.", "Bonfire __knowledge__ Bonfires are also a feature of Walpurgis Night in central and northern Europe, and the celebrations on the eve of St. John's Day in Spain.", "Bonfire __knowledge__ In Finland bonfires are tradition on Midsummer Eve and Easter, also in midst of May celebrations.", "Bonfire __knowledge__ Bonfire traditions of early spring, lit on the Sunday following Ash Wednesday (\"Funkensonntag\"), are widespread throughout the Alemannic German speaking regions of Europe and in parts of France.", "Rykestrasse Synagogue __knowledge__ Rykestrasse Synagogue, Germany's largest synagogue, is located in the Prenzlauer Berg neighbourhood in the Pankow borough of Berlin.", "Rykestrasse Synagogue __knowledge__ built the synagogue in 1903/1904.", "Rykestrasse Synagogue __knowledge__ It was inaugurated on 4 September 1904, in time for the holidays of and around Rosh haShana.", "Rykestrasse Synagogue __knowledge__ The synagogue stands off the street alignment and is reached by a thoroughfare in the pertaining front building.", "Rykestrasse Synagogue __knowledge__ (), comprising the bulk of Jewish faithful of mainstream (also called liberal, in today's English terminology 'conservative'), Orthodox and Reform affiliation, grew strongly in membership in the second half of the 19th century.", "Rykestrasse Synagogue __knowledge__ With the expansion of Berlin into new neighbourhoods the need of additional synagogues within a walking distance became urgent.", "Bon Jovi __knowledge__ Bon Jovi is an American rock band from Sayreville, New Jersey.", "Bon Jovi __knowledge__ Formed in 1983, Bon Jovi consists of lead singer and namesake Jon Bon Jovi, pianist and keyboardist David Bryan, drummer Tico Torres, lead guitarist Phil X, and bassist Hugh McDonald.", "Bon Jovi __knowledge__ The band's lineup has remained mostly static during its history, with the only exceptions being the 1994 dismissal of bass player Alec John Such, who was unofficially replaced by Hugh McDonald, and the departure of longtime guitarist and co-songwriter Richie Sambora in 2013.", "Bon Jovi __knowledge__ Phil X and McDonald both became official members in 2016.", "Bon Jovi __knowledge__ In 1986, Bon Jovi achieved widespread global recognition with their third album, \"Slippery When Wet\".", "Duran Duran __knowledge__ Duran Duran () are an English new wave and synthpop band formed in Birmingham in 1978.", "Duran Duran __knowledge__ The band grew from alternative sensations in 1982 to mainstream pop stars by 1984.", "Duran Duran __knowledge__ By the end of the decade, membership and music style changes challenged the band before a resurgence in the early 1990s.", "Duran Duran __knowledge__ The group were a leading band in the MTV-driven \"Second British Invasion\" of the US.", "Duran Duran __knowledge__ The band achieved 14 singles in the top 10 of the UK Singles Chart and 21 in the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, and have sold over 100 million records worldwide.", "Duran Duran __knowledge__ When the band first emerged, they were generally considered part of the New Romantic scene, along with bands such as Spandau Ballet.", "Kleine Gemeinde __knowledge__ Kleine Gemeinde is a group of German-speaking \"Russian\" Mennonites that was created in 1812 in Russia and still exists today in Latin American countries like Mexico, Belize and Bolivia.", "Kleine Gemeinde __knowledge__ In 2015 it had some 5,400 baptized members.", "Kleine Gemeinde __knowledge__ In Canada it underwent radical changes and is now called the Evangelical Mennonite Conference.", "Kleine Gemeinde __knowledge__ The Kleine Gemeinde began in 1812 in the Molotschna settlement of southern Russia (present-day Ukraine) as the \"Kleine Gemeinde\" (Small Church, KG) a group of Low German (Plautdietsch) speaking Mennonites of German-Dutch cultural background.", "Kleine Gemeinde __knowledge__ In 1870 the Russian government issued a proclamation stating the intention to end all special privileges granted to German colonists by 1880.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ German Radio Intelligence Operation during World War II were signals intelligence operations that were undertaken by German Axis forces in Europe during World War II.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ In keeping with German signals practice since 1942, the term \"communication intelligence\" () had been used when intercept units were assigned to observe both enemy \"radio and wire\" communication.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ When the observation of only enemy \"radio\" communication was undertaken, the term \"radio intelligence\" ().", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ The term \"intercept service\" () was also used up until 1942.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ Towards the end of World War II, about 12,000 troopers of the German Army were engaged in intercepting the radio traffic of an increasingly powerful adversary.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ General Sir Hubert de la Poer Gough (12 August 1870 – 18 March 1963) was a senior officer in the British Army in the First World War.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ A favourite of the British Commander-in-Chief, Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig, he experienced a meteoric rise through the ranks during the war and commanded the British Fifth Army from 1916 to 1918.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ The name of Gough probably derives from the Welsh word \"coch\", meaning \"red\".", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ Before leaving England Gough's ancestors were clerics and clerks in Wiltshire, and the family settled in Ireland in the early 17th century, not as planters but in clerical positions.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ By the nineteenth century they were an Anglo-Irish family of the landed gentry settled at Gurteen, County Waterford, Ireland." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed primarily on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world.", "Christmas __knowledge__ A feast central to the Christian liturgical year, it is preceded by the season of Advent or the Nativity Fast and initiates the season of Christmastide, which historically in the West lasts twelve days and culminates on Twelfth Night; in some traditions, Christmastide includes an octave.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas Day is a public holiday in many of the world's nations, is celebrated religiously by a majority of Christians, as well as culturally by many non-Christians, and forms an integral part of the holiday season centered around it.", "Christmas __knowledge__ The traditional Christmas narrative, the Nativity of Jesus, delineated in the New Testament says that Jesus was born in Bethlehem, in accordance with messianic prophecies.", "Christmas __knowledge__ When Joseph and Mary arrived in the city, the inn had no room and so they were offered a stable where the Christ Child was soon born, with angels proclaiming this news to shepherds who then further disseminated the information.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Although the month and date of Jesus' birth are unknown, by the early-to-mid fourth century the Western Christian Church had placed Christmas on December 25, a date that was later adopted in the East.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Delicious (game series) __knowledge__ Delicious is a series of time management casual games that is developed by Zylom Studios and later on by Gamehouse Studios.", "Delicious (game series) __knowledge__ From the 7th game onwards, the games are developed by Gamehouse Studios and Blue Giraffe.", "Delicious (game series) __knowledge__ The games tell the story of Emily, a waitress who aspires to one day run her own restaurant, and who works in several other restaurants in order to earn the money to eventually make her dream come true.", "Delicious (game series) __knowledge__ After releasing the first 3 games of the series, Zylom decided to \"renew\" the series by adding some factors to it to make Emily's world more memorable and natural.", "Delicious (game series) __knowledge__ As a result of this, from the fourth game onwards, the series received high appreciation and reviews from casual game critics and gamers, such as Gamezebo, who gave the seventh game, \"Emily's True Love\", a maximum 5/5 star overall review.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "List of EastEnders characters (2010) __knowledge__ The following are characters who first appeared, or returned, in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" during 2010 listed by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2010) __knowledge__ Executive producer Diederick Santer left \"EastEnders\" on 26 February 2010, handing over to Bryan Kirkwood, who fully took control from 1 March 2010.", "List of EastEnders characters (2010) __knowledge__ Santer introduced five new main characters in January, three from the online spin-off \"\" (Zsa Zsa Carter, Leon Small and Fatboy) as well as two members of the long-established Mitchell family, Glenda Mitchell and her son Danny.", "List of EastEnders characters (2010) __knowledge__ February saw the show's first birth of 2010, with Kamil Masood, the fourth child of the established Zainab Masood and Masood Ahmed.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cuisine (, , ) is the national cuisine of Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Balance, detail, and variety are of paramount significance to Thai chefs.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components and a spicy edge.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai chef McDang characterises Thai food as demonstrating \"intricacy; attention to detail; texture; color; taste; and the use of ingredients with medicinal benefits, as well as good flavor\", as well as care being given to the food's appearance, smell and context.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking rejects simplicity and is about \"the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish\".", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Owl City __knowledge__ Owl City is an American electronica project created in 2007 in Owatonna, Minnesota; it is one of several projects by singer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Adam Young.", "Owl City __knowledge__ Young created the project while experimenting with music in his parents' basement.", "Owl City __knowledge__ Owl City developed a following on the social networking site MySpace, like many musicians who achieved success in the late 2000s, before signing with Universal Republic Records, now Republic Records, in 2008.", "Owl City __knowledge__ After two independent releases, Owl City gained mainstream popularity with the 2009 major label debut album \"Ocean Eyes\", which includes the six-time Platinum single \"Fireflies\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002)." ] ]

[ 5, 1, 0, 7 ]

[ "I love Christmas, the whole story of Mary and Joseph, the stable, christ being born, I love everything about it", "I have not, as far I have heard, I always heard he was bon on December 25th and that is all, that is interesting, does not stop the celebration for sure!", "That makes sense to me, I think it is at a good time of the year though, so we get off new years and christmas, I am a fan of that", "Everyone has their own christmas traditions, I like to be with family, but it varies for everyone" ]

[ "Christmas", "Christmas", "Christmas", "Christmas" ]

[ "Stephen King", "he really is a good author but weird sometimes", "wow hes an old dude" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Stephen Edwin King (born September 21, 1947) is an American author of horror, supernatural fiction, suspense, science fiction, and fantasy.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His books have sold more than 350 million copies, many of which have been adapted into feature films, miniseries, television series, and comic books.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King has published 54 novels, including seven under the pen name Richard Bachman, and six non-fiction books.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ He has written around 200 short stories, most of which have been collected in book collections.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His novella \"Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption\" was the basis for the film \"The Shawshank Redemption\" which is widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time and was in fact voted the greatest film of all time by \"Empire\" magazine readers in \"The 201 Greatest Movies of All Time\" poll in March, 2006.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Many of his stories are set in his home state of Maine.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King was born September 21, 1947, in Portland, Maine.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His father, Donald Edwin King, was a merchant seaman.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Donald was born under the surname Pollock, but as an adult, used the surname King.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King's mother was Nellie Ruth (née Pillsbury).", "Stephen King __knowledge__ When Stephen King was two years old, his father left the family under the pretense of \"going to buy a pack of cigarettes\", leaving his mother to raise Stephen and his older brother, David, by herself, sometimes under great financial strain." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Stephen Edwin King (born September 21, 1947) is an American author of horror, supernatural fiction, suspense, science fiction, and fantasy.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His books have sold more than 350 million copies, many of which have been adapted into feature films, miniseries, television series, and comic books.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King has published 54 novels, including seven under the pen name Richard Bachman, and six non-fiction books.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ He has written around 200 short stories, most of which have been collected in book collections.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His novella \"Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption\" was the basis for the film \"The Shawshank Redemption\" which is widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time and was in fact voted the greatest film of all time by \"Empire\" magazine readers in \"The 201 Greatest Movies of All Time\" poll in March, 2006.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Many of his stories are set in his home state of Maine.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King was born September 21, 1947, in Portland, Maine.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His father, Donald Edwin King, was a merchant seaman.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Donald was born under the surname Pollock, but as an adult, used the surname King.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King's mother was Nellie Ruth (née Pillsbury).", "Stephen King __knowledge__ When Stephen King was two years old, his father left the family under the pretense of \"going to buy a pack of cigarettes\", leaving his mother to raise Stephen and his older brother, David, by herself, sometimes under great financial strain.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ Weird Tales is an American fantasy and horror fiction pulp magazine founded by J. C. Henneberger and J. M. Lansinger in March 1923.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The first editor, Edwin Baird, printed early work by H. P. Lovecraft, Seabury Quinn, and Clark Ashton Smith, all of whom would go on to be popular writers, but within a year the magazine was in financial trouble.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ Henneberger sold his interest in the publisher, Rural Publishing Corporation, to Lansinger and refinanced \"Weird Tales\", with Farnsworth Wright as the new editor.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The first issue under Wright's control was dated November 1924.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The magazine was more successful under Wright, and despite occasional financial setbacks it prospered over the next fifteen years.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ Alfred Matthew \"Weird Al\" Yankovic ( ; born October 23, 1959) is an American singer, songwriter, parodist, record producer, satirist, actor, voice actor, music video director, film producer, and author.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ He is known for his humorous songs that make light of popular culture and often parody specific songs by contemporary musical acts, original songs that are style pastiches of the work of other acts, and polka medleys of several popular songs, featuring his favored instrument, the accordion.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ Since his first-aired comedy song in 1976, he has sold more than 12 million albums (), recorded more than 150 parody and original songs, and has performed more than 1,000 live shows.", "AVIC FK __knowledge__ FK UAVs are Chinese remotely piloted blimps developed by (China) Special (Aerial) Vehicle Research Institute (SVRI, 中国特种飞行器研究所), also known as the 605th Institute, a research establishment of AVIC.", "AVIC FK __knowledge__ Production of FK series unmanned blimps are currently handled by Jingmen Aviation Science and Technology Co., Ltd. (荆门航空科技有限公司), a wholly owned subsidiary of SVRI.", "AVIC FK __knowledge__ FK unmanned blimps are intended for various civilian and military applications and are sometimes classified by their approximate length.", "AVIC FK __knowledge__ Typical unmanned blimps (most widely used) has the following characteristics and most models are derivatives of this model.", "Things a Computer Scientist Rarely Talks About __knowledge__ Things a Computer Scientist Rarely Talks About (2001) is a book by Donald E. Knuth, published by CSLI Publications of Stanford, California.", "Things a Computer Scientist Rarely Talks About __knowledge__ The book contains the annotated transcripts of six public lectures given by Donald E. Knuth at MIT on the subject of relations between religion and science (particularly computer science).", "Things a Computer Scientist Rarely Talks About __knowledge__ Knuth gives credence to the concept of divinity.", "Things a Computer Scientist Rarely Talks About __knowledge__ Anne Foerst wrote a foreword for the book.", "Things a Computer Scientist Rarely Talks About __knowledge__ The six chapters are lightly edited transcriptions of Knuth's lectures: Knuth added a final section entitled \"Panel: Creativity, Spirituality, and Computer Science\".", "Things a Computer Scientist Rarely Talks About __knowledge__ One mark of a good author is the ability to make a successful book out of an unpromising subject.", "H. P. Lovecraft __knowledge__ Howard Phillips Lovecraft (August 20, 1890 – March 15, 1937) was an American writer who achieved posthumous fame through his influential works of horror fiction.", "H. P. Lovecraft __knowledge__ He was virtually unknown and published only in pulp magazines before he died in poverty, but he is now regarded as one of the most significant 20th-century authors in his genre.", "H. P. Lovecraft __knowledge__ Lovecraft was born in Providence, Rhode Island, where he spent most of his life.", "H. P. Lovecraft __knowledge__ Among his most celebrated tales are \"The Rats in the Walls\", \"The Call of Cthulhu\", \"At the Mountains of Madness\" and \"The Shadow Out of Time\", all canonical to the Cthulhu Mythos.", "Kamuthi __knowledge__ Kamuthi also spelled Kamudi actually stands for Kavinmigu Mullai Thirunagar.", "Kamuthi __knowledge__ Kamuthi is a Panchayat town in Ramanathapuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.", "Kamuthi __knowledge__ Kamuthi is known for being the home of the Kamuthi Solar Power Project, the largest solar power plant in the world.", "Kamuthi __knowledge__ Kamuthi is about 90 km from Madurai.", "Kamuthi __knowledge__ It belongs to the Mudukulathur Legislative Constituency.", "Kamuthi __knowledge__ Many Hindu temples are there in Kamuthi.", "Kamuthi __knowledge__ Among them Sri Muthumariamman Temple are bigger ones.", "Kamuthi __knowledge__ Vikasi, Aadi, and Panguni urchavams are celebrated with much fervour.", "Kamuthi __knowledge__ A number of Mosques and Churches are there also.", "Kamuthi __knowledge__ Sandhana Koodu festival by Muslims and St.Antony's festival by Christians are celebrated by people of all religions.", "Dril __knowledge__ @dril is a pseudonymous Twitter account best known for its idiosyncratic style of absurdist humor and non sequiturs.", "Dril __knowledge__ The account, its author, and the character associated with the tweets are all commonly referred to as dril (the handle without the at sign) or wint (the user's display name), both rendered lowercase but often capitalized by others.", "Dril __knowledge__ Since the account started in 2008, dril has become a popular and influential Twitter user with more than one million followers.", "Dril __knowledge__ dril is one of the most notable accounts associated with \"Weird Twitter\", a subculture on the site that shares a surreal or ironic sense of humor.", "Sophia Anstice __knowledge__ Sophia Anstice (née Catesby, 5 November 1849 – 1 August 1926) was a New Zealand dressmaker, draper and businesswoman who started a chain of dressmaking and drapery shops in 19th century New Zealand.", "Sophia Anstice __knowledge__ Anstice was born on 5 November 1849 in Marylebone, London, England to Edward Catesby, a carpenter, and his wife Caroline Catesby (Bailey).", "Sophia Anstice __knowledge__ On 12 January 1873 Anstice married Edwin George King at St Martin-in-the-Fields in London.", "Sophia Anstice __knowledge__ A salesman for a plant seed company, King was the son of the well-known naturalist George Hoadley King.", "Sophia Anstice __knowledge__ On 26 October 1874, the couple traveled to New Zealand as assisted immigrants with their son Edwin and King's younger brother, Henry.", "George Edwin King __knowledge__ George Edwin King (October 8, 1839 – May 7, 1901) was a Canadian lawyer, politician, second and fourth Premier of New Brunswick, and puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada.", "George Edwin King __knowledge__ King was born in Saint John, New Brunswick and attended Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticut, where he received a B.A.", "George Edwin King __knowledge__ in 1859 and a M.A.", "George Edwin King __knowledge__ in 1862.", "George Edwin King __knowledge__ He then served under articles to a senior lawyer in Saint John, Robert Leonard Hazen, was made an attorney in 1863, and was called to the bar in 1865.", "George Edwin King __knowledge__ King was elected to the first provincial legislature of the new Canadian Confederation in 1867 and served in the Confederation Party government as minister without portfolio.", "Stephen Edwin Yarnold __knowledge__ Stephen Edwin Yarnold (9 August 1903 – 25 September 1978) was an Australian army chaplain and Presbyterian minister.", "Stephen Edwin Yarnold __knowledge__ Yarnold was born in Ramsgate, Kent, England and died in Silvan, Victoria.", "Edwin King Stodola __knowledge__ Edwin King Stodola (October 31, 1914 – April 6, 1992) was an American radio engineer.", "Edwin King Stodola __knowledge__ He was born in Brooklyn, New York, and graduated from Cooper Union with a Bachelor of Electrical Engineering in 1936 (EE '36) and a Professional Degree in Engineering in 1947 (PDE '47).", "Edwin King Stodola __knowledge__ In 1936, he worked with Radio Engineering Laboratories, then he joined the U.S. Signal Corps in 1939 as a civilian radio engineer.", "Edwin King Stodola __knowledge__ Starting in 1941, and continuing through World War II, he worked at the Evans Signal Laboratory near Belmar, New Jersey.", "Edwin King Stodola __knowledge__ Following the War, Stodola was a member of Project Diana, a Signal Corps project to investigate long range radar.", "Edwin King Perkins __knowledge__ Colonel Sir Edwin King Perkins (28 February 1855 – 8 January 1937) was a British Conservative Party politician.", "Edwin King Perkins __knowledge__ At the 1918 general election, he unsuccessfully contested the two-seat Southampton constituency, when both seats were won by Coalition Liberals.", "Edwin King Perkins __knowledge__ At the 1922 general election, when the coalition government had been dissolved, Perkins and the other Conservative candidate Lord Apsley won both seats, defeating the Liberal incumbents.", "Edwin King Perkins __knowledge__ They held the seats until the 1929 general election, which neither Perkins nor Apsley contested.", "Edwin King Perkins __knowledge__ Perkins was knighted in the Dissolution Honours on 12 July 1929, for political and public services.", "Freedom Summer __knowledge__ Freedom Summer, or the Mississippi Summer Project, was a volunteer campaign in the United States launched in June 1964 to attempt to register as many African-American voters as possible in Mississippi.", "Freedom Summer __knowledge__ Blacks had been cut off from voting since the turn of the century due to barriers to voter registration and other laws.", "Freedom Summer __knowledge__ The project also set up dozens of Freedom Schools, Freedom Houses, and community centers in small towns throughout Mississippi to aid the local black population.", "Freedom Summer __knowledge__ The project was organized by the Council of Federated Organizations (COFO), a coalition of the Mississippi branches of the four major civil rights organizations (SNCC, CORE, NAACP and SCLC)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Stephen Edwin King (born September 21, 1947) is an American author of horror, supernatural fiction, suspense, science fiction, and fantasy.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His books have sold more than 350 million copies, many of which have been adapted into feature films, miniseries, television series, and comic books.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King has published 54 novels, including seven under the pen name Richard Bachman, and six non-fiction books.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ He has written around 200 short stories, most of which have been collected in book collections.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His novella \"Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption\" was the basis for the film \"The Shawshank Redemption\" which is widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time and was in fact voted the greatest film of all time by \"Empire\" magazine readers in \"The 201 Greatest Movies of All Time\" poll in March, 2006.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Many of his stories are set in his home state of Maine.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King was born September 21, 1947, in Portland, Maine.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His father, Donald Edwin King, was a merchant seaman.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Donald was born under the surname Pollock, but as an adult, used the surname King.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King's mother was Nellie Ruth (née Pillsbury).", "Stephen King __knowledge__ When Stephen King was two years old, his father left the family under the pretense of \"going to buy a pack of cigarettes\", leaving his mother to raise Stephen and his older brother, David, by herself, sometimes under great financial strain.", "The Old Dude's Ticker __knowledge__ \"The Old Dude's Ticker\" is a short story by American writer Stephen King.", "The Old Dude's Ticker __knowledge__ Although written decades earlier, it was first published in the \"NECON XX Commemorative Volume\" in 2000 and later reprinted in \"The Big Book of Necon\" in 2009.", "The Old Dude's Ticker __knowledge__ It is a homage to Edgar Allan Poe's \"The Tell-Tale Heart\", adapted to take place in the Vietnam War era and incorporating the slang of the time Richard Drogan, a veteran of the Vietnam War, lives with an elderly man referred to only as \"The Old Dude\".", "The Old Dude's Ticker __knowledge__ The Old Dude has a cataract in one eye that frightens the narrator, so much so that he plans to murder the old man.", "Custody battle for Anna Mae He __knowledge__ Anna Mae He ( or He Sijia, born January 28, 1999 in the United States), was the subject of a custody battle between her Chinese biological parents, Shaoqiang (Jack) He (S: 贺绍强, T: 賀紹強, P: \"Hè Shàoqiáng\") and Qin Luo \"Casey\" He (S: 罗秦, T: 羅秦, \"Luó Qín\"), and her foster parents, Jerry and Louise Baker.", "Custody battle for Anna Mae He __knowledge__ The case received United States national media attention for years and revolved around the claim of Jerry and Louise Baker that Jack and Casey He abandoned their rights to the child when they signed a temporary custody order.", "Custody battle for Anna Mae He __knowledge__ Anna Mae He's father, Jack, came to the United States in 1995 on a student visa and attended Arizona State.", "Home Entertainment Suppliers __knowledge__ Home Entertainment Suppliers Pty.", "Home Entertainment Suppliers __knowledge__ Ltd. (or HES) is an Australian company that distributes computer games and gaming equipment.", "Home Entertainment Suppliers __knowledge__ HES' offices are based in Riverwood, Sydney.", "Home Entertainment Suppliers __knowledge__ HES's founder and managing director is MR Sebastian Giompaolo.", "Home Entertainment Suppliers __knowledge__ They began distributing Commodore 64 titles such as \"Pitfall!\"", "Home Entertainment Suppliers __knowledge__ in 1982 and \"Kung-Fu Master\" in 1985 and Atari 2600 titles nearing the end of the 1980s under the name Activision.", "Home Entertainment Suppliers __knowledge__ HES still remains a dominant distributor within Australia, despite not being well known.", "Home Entertainment Suppliers __knowledge__ HES currently is the distributor for Saitek, Gamester and Mad Catz joysticks, cables, memory cards, and other peripherals.", "Hydroxyethyl starch __knowledge__ Hydroxyethyl starch (HES/HAES), sold under the brand name Voluven among others, is a nonionic starch derivative, used as a volume expander in intravenous therapy.", "Hydroxyethyl starch __knowledge__ The use of HES on critically ill patients is associated with an increased risk of death and kidney problems.", "Hydroxyethyl starch __knowledge__ HES is a general term and can be sub-classified according to average molecular weight, molar substitution, concentration, C2/C6 ratio and Maximum Daily Dose.", "Hydroxyethyl starch __knowledge__ The European Medicines Agency commenced in June 2013 the process of agreeing to reduced indications which was completed in October 2013.", "Hydroxyethyl starch __knowledge__ An intravenous solution of hydroxyethyl starch is used to prevent shock following severe blood loss caused by trauma, surgery, or other problem.", "Heinkel HeS 8 __knowledge__ The Heinkel HeS 8 (prefix being an abbreviation for \"Heinkel Strahltriebwerke\"-Heinkel jet engine) was an early jet engine designed by Hans von Ohain while working at Heinkel.", "Heinkel HeS 8 __knowledge__ It was the first jet engine to be financially supported by the RLM, bearing the official name 109-001.", "Heinkel HeS 8 __knowledge__ Had development continued it would have been known as the Heinkel 001, but it does not appear this was used in practice.", "Heinkel HeS 8 __knowledge__ The HeS 8 was intended to power the Heinkel He 280 twin-engine fighter, although both Heinkel and von Ohain preferred the axial HeS 30.", "Heinkel HeS 8 __knowledge__ A lengthy gestation period meant it was finally becoming ready for production at about the same time as the Junkers Jumo 004 and BMW 003.", "Hans von Ohain __knowledge__ Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain (14 December 191113 March 1998), a German physicist, was the designer of the first \"operational\" jet engine.", "Hans von Ohain __knowledge__ His first design ran in March 1937, and it was one of his engines that powered the world's first flyable all-jet aircraft, the prototype of the Heinkel He 178 (He 178 V1) in late August 1939.", "Hans von Ohain __knowledge__ In spite of these early successes, other German designs quickly eclipsed Ohain's, and none of his engine designs entered widespread production or operational use.", "Hans von Ohain __knowledge__ Ohain started to develop his first turbojet engine designs independently during the same period that Frank Whittle was working on his own similar designs in Britain, and their turbojet designs are said by some to be an example of simultaneous invention.", "Heinkel HeS 30 __knowledge__ The HeS 30 \"(HeS - Heinkel Strahltriebwerke)\" was an early jet engine, originally designed by Adolf Müller at Junkers, but eventually built and tested at Heinkel.", "Heinkel HeS 30 __knowledge__ It was possibly the best of the \"Class I\" engines, a class that included the more famous BMW 003 and Junkers Jumo 004, but work on the design was stopped by the \"Reichluftfahrtministerium\" (RLM) as they felt the Heinkel team should put all their efforts into other designs.", "Heinkel HeS 30 __knowledge__ The HeS 30 was designed before the RLM introduced standardized naming for their engine projects.", "Heinkel HeS 30 __knowledge__ It was assigned the official name 109-006, and it was sometimes called the HeS 006 as a short form.", "New Jersey v. Dharun Ravi __knowledge__ State of New Jersey vs. Dharun Ravi was a criminal trial held in Middlesex County, New Jersey Superior Court from February 24, 2012 to March 16, 2012 in which former Rutgers University undergraduate student Dharun Ravi was tried and convicted on 15 counts of crimes involving invasion of privacy, attempted invasion of privacy, bias intimidation, tampering with evidence, witness tampering, and hindering apprehension or prosecution.", "New Jersey v. Dharun Ravi __knowledge__ The charges stemmed from incidents that occurred on September 19 and 21, 2010.", "New Jersey v. Dharun Ravi __knowledge__ On September 9, 2016, a New Jersey court of appeals overturned the conviction and ordered a new trial on narrower charges.", "Superman ownership disputes __knowledge__ In the 1930s, Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster developed the fictional comic book character of Superman.", "Superman ownership disputes __knowledge__ In 1938, they sold the character to Detective Comics, Inc., the corporate precursor to DC Comics.", "Superman ownership disputes __knowledge__ When Superman became a great success, the pair attempted to recover the rights to the character.", "Superman ownership disputes __knowledge__ This began a long chain of legal battles over ownership, royalties, and credit that would continue after their deaths.", "Superman ownership disputes __knowledge__ In 1935, writer Jerry Siegel and artist Joe Shuster began working for New York comic-book publisher National Allied Publications, producing detective and adventure comics.", "Superman ownership disputes __knowledge__ Since 1933, the pair had been developing a character called \"Superman\".", "Troy Davis __knowledge__ Troy Anthony Davis (October 9, 1968 – September 21, 2011) was an American man convicted of and executed for the August 19, 1989, murder of police officer Mark MacPhail in Savannah, Georgia.", "Troy Davis __knowledge__ MacPhail was working as a security guard at a Burger King restaurant when he intervened to defend a man being assaulted in a nearby parking lot.", "Troy Davis __knowledge__ During Davis's 1991 trial, seven witnesses testified they had seen Davis shoot MacPhail, and two others testified Davis had confessed the murder to them.", "Troy Davis __knowledge__ There were 34 witnesses who testified for the prosecution, and six others for the defense, including Davis.", "Troy Davis __knowledge__ Although the murder weapon was not recovered, ballistic evidence presented at trial linked bullets recovered at or near the scene to those at another shooting in which Davis was also charged.", "Ephigenia of Ethiopia __knowledge__ Saint Ephigenia of Ethiopia or Iphigenia of Ethiopia (; ; ; ), also called Iphigenia of Abyssinia (1st century), is a folk saint whose life is told in the \"Golden Legend\" as a virgin converted to Christianity and then consecrated to God by St. Matthew the Apostle, who was spreading the Gospel to the region of \"Ethiopia\", which in this case is understood to be located in the regions south of the Caspian Sea, either in one of the provinces of Mesopotamia (Assyria and Babylon), or in Ancient Armenia (Colchis).", "Ephigenia of Ethiopia __knowledge__ According to the legend, Ephigenia was the daughter of Ethiopian King Egippus.", "Ephigenia of Ethiopia __knowledge__ She was dedicated to God by Saint Matthew the Apostle, who veiled her.", "Yadier Molina __knowledge__ Yadier Benjamin Molina (; born July 13, 1982), nicknamed \"Yadi\", is a Puerto Rican professional baseball catcher for the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Yadier Molina __knowledge__ He has played his entire MLB career with the St. Louis Cardinals since making his debut in 2004, and made four appearances for the Puerto Rican national team in the World Baseball Classic (WBC).", "Yadier Molina __knowledge__ Widely considered one of the greatest defensive catchers of all time, he is a two-time World Series champion and four-time National League pennant winner with the Cardinals, and a two-time silver medalist with Puerto Rico.", "Yadier Molina __knowledge__ Molina bats and throws right-handed, stands tall, and weighs .", "Kashmir conflict __knowledge__ The Kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict primarily between India and Pakistan, having started just after the partition of India in 1947.", "Kashmir conflict __knowledge__ China has at times played a minor role.", "Kashmir conflict __knowledge__ India and Pakistan have fought three wars over Kashmir, including the Indo-Pakistani Wars of 1947 and 1965, as well as the Kargil War of 1999.", "Kashmir conflict __knowledge__ The two countries have also been involved in several skirmishes over control of the Siachen Glacier.", "Kashmir conflict __knowledge__ India claims the entire state of Jammu and Kashmir, and, , administers approximately 43% of the region.", "Kashmir conflict __knowledge__ It controls Jammu, the Kashmir Valley, Ladakh, and the Siachen Glacier.", "People's Climate March __knowledge__ The People's Climate March (PCM) was a large-scale activist event to advocate global action against climate change, which took place on Sunday, September 21, 2014, in New York City, along with a series of companion actions worldwide, many of which also took the name People's Climate March.", "People's Climate March __knowledge__ With an estimated 311,000 participants, the New York event was the largest climate change march in history.", "People's Climate March __knowledge__ Described as \"an invitation to change everything,\" the march was called in May 2014 by 350.org, Avaaz, the environmental organization founded by writer/activist Bill McKibben, and it was endorsed by \"over 1,500 organizations, including many international and national unions, churches, schools and community and environmental justice organizations.\"" ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Stephen Edwin King is such a great author.", "Agreed. He was born on September 21, 1947.", "I know! He is best known for his horror and supernatural fiction." ]

[ "Stephen King", "Stephen King", "Stephen King" ]

[ "Cake decorating\ni like to dabble in cake decorating sometimes. Do you?", "Yes, I wished I was as good as professional cake decorators. They can do amazing things!", "I didn't realize it had been around that long! Pretty cool. Of course, it sure has advanced I'm sure.", "Yes, isn't it amazing how they can make it look so real! I saw the other day a cake decorator made chocolate cake to look just like an antique table." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cake decorating is one of the sugar arts that uses icing or frosting and other edible decorative elements to make plain cakes more visually interesting.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Alternatively, cakes can be molded and sculpted to resemble three-dimensional persons, places and things.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cakes are decorated to mark a special celebration (such as a birthday or wedding).", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ They can also mark national or religious holidays, or be used to promote commercial enterprises.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ However, cakes may be baked and decorated for almost any social occasion.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cake decorating originated in 17th century Europe.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ During the 1840s, the advent of temperature-controlled ovens and the production of baking powder made baking cakes much easier.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ As temperature control technology improved, an increased emphasis on presentation and ornamentation developed.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cakes began to take on decorative shapes, were adorned with additional icing formed into patterns and flowers, and food coloring was used to accent frosting or layers of cake.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cake decorating was rumored to be started by a French bakery in the 1840s where a French baker wanted to increase the prices of the cakes and hence thought to decorate it.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Even though baking from scratch decreased during the latter part of the 20th century in the United States, decorated cakes have remained an important part of celebrations such as weddings, anniversaries, birthdays, showers and other special occasions.", "Nicholas Lodge __knowledge__ Chef Nicholas Lodge (12 June 1962) is a pastry chef, master cake artist, author and instructor.", "Nicholas Lodge __knowledge__ He is the co-owner of the Atlanta-based International Sugar Art Collection, a retail gallery and school teaching all levels of cake decorating and sugar arts.", "Nicholas Lodge __knowledge__ He is best known for creating botanically correct gum paste flowers.", "Nicholas Lodge __knowledge__ Lodge is an instructor at the French Pastry School in Chicago, Illinois.", "Nicholas Lodge __knowledge__ He was a recurring judge on Food Network Challenge, he judges annually at the Omni Grove Park Inn National Gingerbread House Competition and other regional competitions (Lodge has judged pastry competitions on the regional, national and international level).", "DecoPac, Inc. __knowledge__ DecoPac, Inc. is a supplier and marketer of cake decorating products headquartered in Anoka, Minnesota.", "DecoPac, Inc. __knowledge__ DecoPac supplies bakeries, professional cake decorators and cake decorating enthusiasts across the United States, Canada, and Europe.", "DecoPac, Inc. __knowledge__ The company was formed in 1982 as an internal supplier of cake decorations for McGlynn's Bakery stores.", "DecoPac, Inc. __knowledge__ DecoPac began as part of McGlynn Bakeries, which started as a single retail bakery in Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1919.", "DecoPac, Inc. __knowledge__ The company expanded, increasing the number of retail bakeries and in-store supermarket bakeries.", "DecoPac, Inc. __knowledge__ In 1965, McGlynn’s launched an innovative new approach to selling cakes by focusing on decorating cakes in view of consumers instead of the back room.", "Cake __knowledge__ Cake is a form of sweet dessert that is typically baked.", "Cake __knowledge__ In its oldest forms, cakes were modifications of breads, but cakes now cover a wide range of preparations that can be simple or elaborate, and that share features with other desserts such as pastries, meringues, custards, and pies.", "Cake __knowledge__ Typical cake ingredients are flour, sugar, eggs, butter or oil or margarine, a liquid, and leavening agents, such as baking soda or baking powder.", "Cake __knowledge__ Common additional ingredients and flavourings include dried, candied, or fresh fruit, nuts, cocoa, and extracts such as vanilla, with numerous substitutions for the primary ingredients.", "Heny Sison __knowledge__ Heny Sison, popularly known as Chef Heny, is a pastry chef, cake decorator, and television host in the Philippines.", "Heny Sison __knowledge__ Sison started working as an economic researcher and financial analyst.", "Heny Sison __knowledge__ She enrolled in culinary classes to cultivate her interest in baking and cake decorating.", "Heny Sison __knowledge__ She eventually resigned and started a business making birthday and wedding cakes as well as teaching baking and cake decorating.", "Heny Sison __knowledge__ In 1985, Sison opened the \"Heny Sison School of Cake Decorating and Baking\".", "Heny Sison __knowledge__ Later, she renamed it to \"Heny Sison Culinary School\" after adding cooking classes to her regular baking repertoire to provide a more comprehensive culinary education.", "Kaysie Lackey __knowledge__ Kaysie Lackey (born Brentwood, Tennessee, USA) is a food artist and cake decorating instructor based in Seattle, Washington.", "Kaysie Lackey __knowledge__ As owner of The People's Cake in Seattle, WA, she has been featured in wedding and cake magazines, including \"Brides\", Martha Stewart Weddings\", \"Modern Wedding Cakes\", \"Seattle Bride\", \"Seattle Metropolitan Bride and Groom\" and \"American Cake Decorating\".", "Kaysie Lackey __knowledge__ In 2015 Kaysie was also profiled in The Wall Street Journal's \"What's In Her Bag?\".", "Kaysie Lackey __knowledge__ She is a frequent competitor on Food Network Challenge cake decorating competitions, having been featured on four different episodes, and winning three as of 2012.", "Paul Bradford Sugarcraft School __knowledge__ Paul Bradford Sugarcraft School (PBSS) is a Scottish online education platform that produces and delivers cake decorating classes primarily in the form of video tutorials.", "Paul Bradford Sugarcraft School __knowledge__ Established in 2011, PBSS is privately owned and co-founded by Paul Bradford and David Brice.", "Paul Bradford Sugarcraft School __knowledge__ Paul Bradford started his own cake decorating business in 2002 and having made cakes for Queen Elizabeth II, Prince Charles and Prince Albert of Monaco he later turned his focus to teaching.", "Paul Bradford Sugarcraft School __knowledge__ He launched PBSS in November 2011 with business partner David Brice.", "Paul Bradford Sugarcraft School __knowledge__ PBSS produce a new cake decorating tutorial every week, delivered by Paul Bradford and a range of world class Guest Tutors." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cake decorating is one of the sugar arts that uses icing or frosting and other edible decorative elements to make plain cakes more visually interesting.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Alternatively, cakes can be molded and sculpted to resemble three-dimensional persons, places and things.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cakes are decorated to mark a special celebration (such as a birthday or wedding).", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ They can also mark national or religious holidays, or be used to promote commercial enterprises.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ However, cakes may be baked and decorated for almost any social occasion.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cake decorating originated in 17th century Europe.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ During the 1840s, the advent of temperature-controlled ovens and the production of baking powder made baking cakes much easier.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ As temperature control technology improved, an increased emphasis on presentation and ornamentation developed.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cakes began to take on decorative shapes, were adorned with additional icing formed into patterns and flowers, and food coloring was used to accent frosting or layers of cake.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cake decorating was rumored to be started by a French bakery in the 1840s where a French baker wanted to increase the prices of the cakes and hence thought to decorate it.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Even though baking from scratch decreased during the latter part of the 20th century in the United States, decorated cakes have remained an important part of celebrations such as weddings, anniversaries, birthdays, showers and other special occasions.", "DecoPac, Inc. __knowledge__ DecoPac, Inc. is a supplier and marketer of cake decorating products headquartered in Anoka, Minnesota.", "DecoPac, Inc. __knowledge__ DecoPac supplies bakeries, professional cake decorators and cake decorating enthusiasts across the United States, Canada, and Europe.", "DecoPac, Inc. __knowledge__ The company was formed in 1982 as an internal supplier of cake decorations for McGlynn's Bakery stores.", "DecoPac, Inc. __knowledge__ DecoPac began as part of McGlynn Bakeries, which started as a single retail bakery in Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1919.", "DecoPac, Inc. __knowledge__ The company expanded, increasing the number of retail bakeries and in-store supermarket bakeries.", "DecoPac, Inc. __knowledge__ In 1965, McGlynn’s launched an innovative new approach to selling cakes by focusing on decorating cakes in view of consumers instead of the back room.", "Planet Cake __knowledge__ Planet Cake is a reality television series that follows the daily operations of one of Australia's most renowned cake businesses under the tight rein of Paris Cutler, known to her eclectic team of designers and decorators as \"The Cake Queen\".", "Planet Cake __knowledge__ Paris Cutler gave up her career in the corporate world and bought Planet Cake in 2003 as an existing small store with only one staff member; she had a dream to put decorated cakes on the map both in Australia and globally and over the next 12 years made Planet Cake an internationally recognised brand.", "Planet Cake __knowledge__ Planet Cake has created over 12000 couture cakes, including cakes for A-list celebrities such as Nicole Kidman, Celine Dion, Rihanna, Katy Perry, Keith Urban, John Travolta and Lady Gaga to name a few, as well as for television and many magazines.", "Paul Bradford Sugarcraft School __knowledge__ Paul Bradford Sugarcraft School (PBSS) is a Scottish online education platform that produces and delivers cake decorating classes primarily in the form of video tutorials.", "Paul Bradford Sugarcraft School __knowledge__ Established in 2011, PBSS is privately owned and co-founded by Paul Bradford and David Brice.", "Paul Bradford Sugarcraft School __knowledge__ Paul Bradford started his own cake decorating business in 2002 and having made cakes for Queen Elizabeth II, Prince Charles and Prince Albert of Monaco he later turned his focus to teaching.", "Paul Bradford Sugarcraft School __knowledge__ He launched PBSS in November 2011 with business partner David Brice.", "Paul Bradford Sugarcraft School __knowledge__ PBSS produce a new cake decorating tutorial every week, delivered by Paul Bradford and a range of world class Guest Tutors.", "Cookie decorating __knowledge__ Cookie decorating dates back to at least the 14th century when in Switzerland, springerle cookie molds were carved from wood and used to impress Biblical designs into cookies.", "Cookie decorating __knowledge__ The artistic element of cookie making also can be traced back to Medieval Germany where Lebkuchen was crafted into fancy shapes and decorated with sugar.", "Cookie decorating __knowledge__ The story of \"Hansel and Gretel \" published with Grimm's Fairy Tales in 1812 inspired German gingerbread cookie Christmas cards.", "Cookie decorating __knowledge__ Also during the 17th century, Dutch and German settlers introduced cookie cutters, decorative molds, and festive holiday cookie decorations to the United States.", "Masonite __knowledge__ Masonite is a type of hardboard made of steam-cooked and pressure-molded wood fibres in a process patented by William H. Mason.", "Masonite __knowledge__ This product is also known as Quartrboard, Isorel, hernit, karlit, torex, treetex or pressboard.", "Masonite __knowledge__ A product resembling masonite (hardboard) was first made in England in 1898 by hot-pressing waste paper.", "Masonite __knowledge__ Masonite was patented in 1924 in Laurel, Mississippi, by William H. Mason, who was a friend and protégé of inventor Thomas Edison.", "Masonite __knowledge__ Mass production started in 1929.", "Masonite __knowledge__ In the 1930s and 1940s, Masonite was used for many applications including doors, roofing, walls, desktops, and canoes.", "Interior design __knowledge__ Interior design is the art and science of enhancing the interiors of a space or building to achieve a healthier and more aesthetically pleasing environment for the end user.", "Interior design __knowledge__ An interior designer is someone who plans, researches, coordinates, and manages such projects.", "Interior design __knowledge__ Interior design is a multifaceted profession that includes conceptual development, space planning, site inspections, programming, research, communicating with the stakeholders of a project, construction management, and execution of the design.", "Interior design __knowledge__ In the past, interiors were put together instinctively as a part of the process of building.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ A wedding cake is the traditional cake served at wedding receptions following dinner.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ In some parts of England, the wedding cake is served at a wedding breakfast; the 'wedding breakfast' does not mean the meal will be held in the morning, but at a time following the ceremony on the same day.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ In modern Western culture, the cake is usually on display and served to guests at the reception.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Traditionally, wedding cakes were made to bring good luck to all guests and the couple.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Modernly however, they are more of a centerpiece to the wedding and are not always even served to the guests.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Some cakes are built with only a single edible tier for the bride and groom to share, but this is rare since the cost difference between fake and real tiers is minimal.", "Cake __knowledge__ Cake is a form of sweet dessert that is typically baked.", "Cake __knowledge__ In its oldest forms, cakes were modifications of breads, but cakes now cover a wide range of preparations that can be simple or elaborate, and that share features with other desserts such as pastries, meringues, custards, and pies.", "Cake __knowledge__ Typical cake ingredients are flour, sugar, eggs, butter or oil or margarine, a liquid, and leavening agents, such as baking soda or baking powder.", "Cake __knowledge__ Common additional ingredients and flavourings include dried, candied, or fresh fruit, nuts, cocoa, and extracts such as vanilla, with numerous substitutions for the primary ingredients.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ A doughnut or donut (both: or ; see spelling differences) is a type of fried dough confectionery or dessert food.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ The doughnut is popular in many countries and prepared in various forms as a sweet snack that can be homemade or purchased in bakeries, supermarkets, food stalls, and franchised specialty vendors.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ Doughnuts are usually deep fried from a flour dough, and typically either ring-shaped or a number of shapes without a hole, and often filled, but can also be ball-shaped (the \"hole\").", "Doughnut __knowledge__ Other types of batters can also be used, and various toppings and flavorings are used for different types, such as sugar, chocolate, or maple glazing.", "Buttercream __knowledge__ Buttercream (also known as butter cream, butter icing, and mock cream) is a type of icing or filling used inside cakes, as a coating, and as decoration.", "Buttercream __knowledge__ In its simplest form, it is made by creaming butter with powdered sugar, although other fats can be used, such as margarine or lard.", "Buttercream __knowledge__ Colorings and flavorings are often added, such as chocolate, fruit purees, and various extracts.", "Buttercream __knowledge__ Buttercream is a common topping for cupcakes, sponge cakes, butter cakes, and other desserts.", "Buttercream __knowledge__ Whether buttercream with no butter or a butter equivalent can rightly be called buttercream is debated among bakers, pastry chefs, and cake decorators.", "Icing (food) __knowledge__ Icing, often called frosting in the United States, is a sweet, often creamy glaze made of sugar with a liquid, such as water or milk, that is often enriched with ingredients like butter, egg whites, cream cheese, or flavorings.", "Icing (food) __knowledge__ It is used to cover or decorate baked goods, such as cakes or cookies.", "Icing (food) __knowledge__ When it is used between layers of cake, it is called filling.", "Icing (food) __knowledge__ Icing can be formed into shapes such as flowers and leaves using a pastry bag.", "Icing (food) __knowledge__ Such decorations are commonplace on birthday and wedding cakes.", "Icing (food) __knowledge__ Chef's color dye (food coloring) is commonly added to icing mixtures to achieve the desired color.", "King cake __knowledge__ A king cake (sometimes shown as kingcake, kings' cake, king's cake, or three kings cake) is a type of cake associated in a number of countries with the festival of Epiphany at the end of the Christmas season; in other places, it is associated with the pre-Lenten celebrations of Mardi Gras/Carnival.", "King cake __knowledge__ What started out roughly 300 years ago as a dry French bread–type dough with sugar on top and a bean inside now comes in many varieties depending on the country.", "King cake __knowledge__ Some king cakes are made of a sweet brioche dough in the shape of a hollow circle with a glazed topping sprinkled with colored sugar.", "King cake __knowledge__ Hundreds of thousands of King Cakes are eaten in New Orleans during the Carnival season." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cake decorating is one of the sugar arts that uses icing or frosting and other edible decorative elements to make plain cakes more visually interesting.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Alternatively, cakes can be molded and sculpted to resemble three-dimensional persons, places and things.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cakes are decorated to mark a special celebration (such as a birthday or wedding).", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ They can also mark national or religious holidays, or be used to promote commercial enterprises.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ However, cakes may be baked and decorated for almost any social occasion.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cake decorating originated in 17th century Europe.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ During the 1840s, the advent of temperature-controlled ovens and the production of baking powder made baking cakes much easier.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ As temperature control technology improved, an increased emphasis on presentation and ornamentation developed.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cakes began to take on decorative shapes, were adorned with additional icing formed into patterns and flowers, and food coloring was used to accent frosting or layers of cake.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cake decorating was rumored to be started by a French bakery in the 1840s where a French baker wanted to increase the prices of the cakes and hence thought to decorate it.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Even though baking from scratch decreased during the latter part of the 20th century in the United States, decorated cakes have remained an important part of celebrations such as weddings, anniversaries, birthdays, showers and other special occasions.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The manga series \"Rurouni Kenshin\" features a large cast of fictional characters created by Nobuhiro Watsuki.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ Set in Japan during the Meiji period, several of the characters are real historical figures who interact with the fictional characters.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The story follows a pacifist wanderer named Himura Kenshin, who was previously an assassin known as \"\"Hitokiri Battōsai\"\" working for the Isshin Shishi during the Bakumatsu period.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ After helping Kamiya Kaoru, the instructor of a kendo school in Tokyo, in defeating a criminal he is invited by her to stay at her dojo.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ During his stay in Tokyo, Kenshin befriends new people including Myōjin Yahiko, a young child descendant from a samurai family who starts training under Kaoru, Sagara Sanosuke, a former Sekihō who enjoys fighting, and Takani Megumi, a doctor involved with the illegal drug trade.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Dear... is The Grace's second Japanese album released on January 9, 2009.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The title track \"\"Sukoshi de Ikara\" (少しでいいから) (A Little Bit of Good)\" was used as the movie \"Subaru\" soundtrack song.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Tenjochiki's second studio album includes 2 singles released from July 2008 in Japan including the B-side of their 7th single \"Here\": \"Near: Thoughtful 1220\" and the album consists of a total of 9 tracks.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The album peaked #14 on Oricon daily album charts and #37 on the Oricon weekly album charts, charted for 3 weeks and sold 4,734 copies, making their most successful Japanese album so far.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Known as “The Grace” in Korea and “Tenjo Chiki” in Japan, the pop group consists of So.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring \"Saturday Night Live\" characters and sketches introduced between September 25, 2010, and May 21, 2011, the thirty-sixth season of \"SNL\".", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Vanessa Bayer plays teen Disney Channel star Miley Cyrus as the exuberant host of her own talk show.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ (Theme song: \"I've got guests, and a show, and I'm ready to go!", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ So I guess that's pretty cool!", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ It's pretty cool!\")", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Bryan Cranston played her father and house band leader Billy Ray Cyrus in the sketch's debut; he was replaced by Jason Sudeikis in later installments.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Bayer performed her impression of Cyrus during her auditions for SNL.", "2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 __knowledge__ The 2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held on May 9, 2015, ending shortly after midnight on May 10, 2015 at Kansas Speedway in Kansas City, Kansas.", "2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 __knowledge__ Contested over 267 laps on the 1.5 mile (4.28 km) asphalt speedway, it was the 11th race of the 2015 NASCAR Sprint Cup season.", "2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 __knowledge__ Jimmie Johnson won the race, his third of the season.", "2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 __knowledge__ Kevin Harvick finished second.", "2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 __knowledge__ Dale Earnhardt, Jr. finished third.", "2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 __knowledge__ Jeff Gordon and Joey Logano rounded out the top five.", "2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 __knowledge__ Joey Logano won the pole for the race.", "2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 __knowledge__ He led 29 laps on his way to a fifth-place finish.", "2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 __knowledge__ Martin Truex, Jr. led 95 laps in the first of four straight races in which he led the most laps on his way to a ninth-place finish.", "DecoPac, Inc. __knowledge__ DecoPac, Inc. is a supplier and marketer of cake decorating products headquartered in Anoka, Minnesota.", "DecoPac, Inc. __knowledge__ DecoPac supplies bakeries, professional cake decorators and cake decorating enthusiasts across the United States, Canada, and Europe.", "DecoPac, Inc. __knowledge__ The company was formed in 1982 as an internal supplier of cake decorations for McGlynn's Bakery stores.", "DecoPac, Inc. __knowledge__ DecoPac began as part of McGlynn Bakeries, which started as a single retail bakery in Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1919.", "DecoPac, Inc. __knowledge__ The company expanded, increasing the number of retail bakeries and in-store supermarket bakeries.", "DecoPac, Inc. __knowledge__ In 1965, McGlynn’s launched an innovative new approach to selling cakes by focusing on decorating cakes in view of consumers instead of the back room.", "Nicholas Lodge __knowledge__ Chef Nicholas Lodge (12 June 1962) is a pastry chef, master cake artist, author and instructor.", "Nicholas Lodge __knowledge__ He is the co-owner of the Atlanta-based International Sugar Art Collection, a retail gallery and school teaching all levels of cake decorating and sugar arts.", "Nicholas Lodge __knowledge__ He is best known for creating botanically correct gum paste flowers.", "Nicholas Lodge __knowledge__ Lodge is an instructor at the French Pastry School in Chicago, Illinois.", "Nicholas Lodge __knowledge__ He was a recurring judge on Food Network Challenge, he judges annually at the Omni Grove Park Inn National Gingerbread House Competition and other regional competitions (Lodge has judged pastry competitions on the regional, national and international level).", "Cake __knowledge__ Cake is a form of sweet dessert that is typically baked.", "Cake __knowledge__ In its oldest forms, cakes were modifications of breads, but cakes now cover a wide range of preparations that can be simple or elaborate, and that share features with other desserts such as pastries, meringues, custards, and pies.", "Cake __knowledge__ Typical cake ingredients are flour, sugar, eggs, butter or oil or margarine, a liquid, and leavening agents, such as baking soda or baking powder.", "Cake __knowledge__ Common additional ingredients and flavourings include dried, candied, or fresh fruit, nuts, cocoa, and extracts such as vanilla, with numerous substitutions for the primary ingredients.", "Heny Sison __knowledge__ Heny Sison, popularly known as Chef Heny, is a pastry chef, cake decorator, and television host in the Philippines.", "Heny Sison __knowledge__ Sison started working as an economic researcher and financial analyst.", "Heny Sison __knowledge__ She enrolled in culinary classes to cultivate her interest in baking and cake decorating.", "Heny Sison __knowledge__ She eventually resigned and started a business making birthday and wedding cakes as well as teaching baking and cake decorating.", "Heny Sison __knowledge__ In 1985, Sison opened the \"Heny Sison School of Cake Decorating and Baking\".", "Heny Sison __knowledge__ Later, she renamed it to \"Heny Sison Culinary School\" after adding cooking classes to her regular baking repertoire to provide a more comprehensive culinary education.", "Kaysie Lackey __knowledge__ Kaysie Lackey (born Brentwood, Tennessee, USA) is a food artist and cake decorating instructor based in Seattle, Washington.", "Kaysie Lackey __knowledge__ As owner of The People's Cake in Seattle, WA, she has been featured in wedding and cake magazines, including \"Brides\", Martha Stewart Weddings\", \"Modern Wedding Cakes\", \"Seattle Bride\", \"Seattle Metropolitan Bride and Groom\" and \"American Cake Decorating\".", "Kaysie Lackey __knowledge__ In 2015 Kaysie was also profiled in The Wall Street Journal's \"What's In Her Bag?\".", "Kaysie Lackey __knowledge__ She is a frequent competitor on Food Network Challenge cake decorating competitions, having been featured on four different episodes, and winning three as of 2012.", "Paul Bradford Sugarcraft School __knowledge__ Paul Bradford Sugarcraft School (PBSS) is a Scottish online education platform that produces and delivers cake decorating classes primarily in the form of video tutorials.", "Paul Bradford Sugarcraft School __knowledge__ Established in 2011, PBSS is privately owned and co-founded by Paul Bradford and David Brice.", "Paul Bradford Sugarcraft School __knowledge__ Paul Bradford started his own cake decorating business in 2002 and having made cakes for Queen Elizabeth II, Prince Charles and Prince Albert of Monaco he later turned his focus to teaching.", "Paul Bradford Sugarcraft School __knowledge__ He launched PBSS in November 2011 with business partner David Brice.", "Paul Bradford Sugarcraft School __knowledge__ PBSS produce a new cake decorating tutorial every week, delivered by Paul Bradford and a range of world class Guest Tutors." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cake decorating is one of the sugar arts that uses icing or frosting and other edible decorative elements to make plain cakes more visually interesting.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Alternatively, cakes can be molded and sculpted to resemble three-dimensional persons, places and things.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cakes are decorated to mark a special celebration (such as a birthday or wedding).", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ They can also mark national or religious holidays, or be used to promote commercial enterprises.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ However, cakes may be baked and decorated for almost any social occasion.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cake decorating originated in 17th century Europe.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ During the 1840s, the advent of temperature-controlled ovens and the production of baking powder made baking cakes much easier.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ As temperature control technology improved, an increased emphasis on presentation and ornamentation developed.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cakes began to take on decorative shapes, were adorned with additional icing formed into patterns and flowers, and food coloring was used to accent frosting or layers of cake.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cake decorating was rumored to be started by a French bakery in the 1840s where a French baker wanted to increase the prices of the cakes and hence thought to decorate it.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Even though baking from scratch decreased during the latter part of the 20th century in the United States, decorated cakes have remained an important part of celebrations such as weddings, anniversaries, birthdays, showers and other special occasions.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Devil's food cake is a moist, airy, rich chocolate layer cake.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ It is considered a counterpart to the white or yellow angel food cake.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Because of differing recipes and changing ingredient availability over the course of the 20th century, it is difficult to precisely qualify what distinguishes devil's food from the more standard chocolate cake, though it traditionally has more chocolate than a regular chocolate cake, making it darker.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ The cake is usually paired with a rich chocolate frosting.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Devil's food cake is commonly a dense, rich chocolate cake, quite different from other chocolate cakes such as the German chocolate cake.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake or Chocolate gateau (from French: \"gâteau au chocolat\") is a cake flavored with melted chocolate, cocoa powder, or both.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake is made with chocolate; it can be made with other ingredients, as well.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ These ingredients include fudge, vanilla creme, and other sweeteners.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The history of chocolate cake goes back to 1764, when Dr. James Baker discovered how to make chocolate by grinding cocoa beans between two massive circular millstones.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1828, Conrad Van Houten of the Netherlands developed a mechanical extraction method for extracting the fat from cacao liquor resulting in cacao butter and the partly defatted cacao, a compacted mass of solids that could be sold as it was \"rock cacao\" or ground into powder.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ German chocolate cake, originally German's chocolate cake, is a layered chocolate cake from the United States filled and topped with a coconut-pecan frosting.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ It owes its name to an English-American chocolate maker named Samuel German, who developed a formulation of dark baking chocolate that came to be used in the cake recipe.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ Sweet baking chocolate is traditionally used for the chocolate flavor in the actual cake, but few recipes call for it today.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ The filling and/or topping is a custard made with egg yolks and evaporated milk; once the custard is cooked, coconut and pecans are stirred in.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ Occasionally, a chocolate frosting is spread on the sides of the cake and piped around the circumference of the layers to hold in the filling.", "Cake __knowledge__ Cake is a form of sweet dessert that is typically baked.", "Cake __knowledge__ In its oldest forms, cakes were modifications of breads, but cakes now cover a wide range of preparations that can be simple or elaborate, and that share features with other desserts such as pastries, meringues, custards, and pies.", "Cake __knowledge__ Typical cake ingredients are flour, sugar, eggs, butter or oil or margarine, a liquid, and leavening agents, such as baking soda or baking powder.", "Cake __knowledge__ Common additional ingredients and flavourings include dried, candied, or fresh fruit, nuts, cocoa, and extracts such as vanilla, with numerous substitutions for the primary ingredients.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ A wedding cake is the traditional cake served at wedding receptions following dinner.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ In some parts of England, the wedding cake is served at a wedding breakfast; the 'wedding breakfast' does not mean the meal will be held in the morning, but at a time following the ceremony on the same day.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ In modern Western culture, the cake is usually on display and served to guests at the reception.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Traditionally, wedding cakes were made to bring good luck to all guests and the couple.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Modernly however, they are more of a centerpiece to the wedding and are not always even served to the guests.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Some cakes are built with only a single edible tier for the bride and groom to share, but this is rare since the cost difference between fake and real tiers is minimal.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ Sachertorte () is a specific type of chocolate cake, or torte, invented by Austrian Franz Sacher in 1832 for Prince Wenzel von Metternich in Vienna, Austria.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ It is one of the most famous Viennese culinary specialties.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ 5 December is National Sachertorte Day.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ Recipes similar to that of the Sachertorte appeared as early as the 18th century, one instance being in the 1718 cookbook of Conrad Hagger, another individual represented in Gartler-Hickmann's 1749 \"Tried and True Viennese Cookbook\" (\"Wienerisches bewährtes Kochbuch\").", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ In 1832, Prince Wenzel von Metternich charged his personal chef with creating a special dessert for several important guests.", "National Small College Rugby Organization __knowledge__ The National Small College Rugby Organization (NSCRO) was created in 2007 by Chip Auscavitch and Steve Cohen to support and encourage the development and organization of small college rugby.", "National Small College Rugby Organization __knowledge__ The NSCRO runs national championship events for both men's and women's small-college rugby clubs in both 15s and 7s rugby.", "National Small College Rugby Organization __knowledge__ Prior to 2007, the national championship were known as the East Coast Division III Collegiate Rugby Championships.", "National Small College Rugby Organization __knowledge__ 2014 Women’s Small College National Championship Champion: Roger Williams University Runner Up: Sacred Heart University 2013-2014 Men’s Small College National Championship Champion: Saint John's University Runner Up: New England College 2014 Men’s 7s Small College National Championship Champion: New England College Runner Up: New Mexico Highlands University 2014 Women’s 7s Small College National Championship Champion: Wayne State College Runner Up: South Dakota State University Region 1 (Automatic Bid) New England Rugby Football Union Region 2 Great Plains Rugby Union Heart of America Rugby Football Union Minnesota Rugby Football Union Southern California Rugby Football Union Texas Rugby Union Region 3 Potomac Rugby Union Virginia Rugby Union USA Rugby South: Region 4 (Automatic Bid) Eastern Pennsylvania Rugby Union Metropolitan New York Rugby Union New York State Rugby Union Allegheny Rugby Union 2001-2002 Men’s Division III National Championship Location: Bethlehem, PA Champion: Western Carolina University Runner Up: Stonehill College 3d Place: Lehigh University 4th Place: Old Dominion University 2002-2003 Men’s Division III National Championship Location: Raleigh, NC Champion: Furman University Runner Up: Stonehill College 3d Place: Franklin & Marshall 4th Place: Wake Forest Women’s Division III National Championship Location: Bethlehem, PA Champion: College of New Jersey Runner Up: University of Maine 2003-2004 Men’s Division III National Championship Location: Cherry Hill, NJ Champion: Furman University Runner Up: Central Connecticut State University 3d Place: Albright College 4th Place: Bentley College Women’s Division III National Championship Location: Cherry Hill, NJ Champion: Fordham University Runner Up: Susquehanna University 2004-2005 Men’s Division III National Championship Location: Greenville, SC Champion: Furman University Runner Up: Duke University 3d Place: Western Connecticut State University 4th Place: Lehigh University Women’s Division III National Championship Location: Bethlehem, PA Champion: Castleton State College Runner Up: Susquehanna University 2005-2006 Men’s Division III National Championship Location: Richmond, VA Champion: Bentley University Runner Up: The Citadel 3d Place: Franklin & Marshall 4th Place: Virginia Commonwealth University Women’s Division III National Championship Location: Wellesley, MA Champion: Babson University Runner Up: Ursinus College 2006-2007 Men’s Division III National Championship Location: Wake Forest, NC Champion: Bentley University Runner Up: Furman University 3d Place: Longwood University 4th Place: Allegheny College Women’s Division III National Championship Location: Cherry Hill, NJ Champion: Stonehill College Runner Up: University of Pennsylvania Women’s Division IV National Championship Location: Cherry Hill, NJ Champion: University of Rhode Island Runner Up: Ursinus College 2007-2008 Men’s Division III National Championship Location: Clinton, NY Champion: Plymouth State University Runner Up: Furman University 3d Place: Widener University 4th Place: Hamilton College Women’s Division III National Championship Location: Easton, MA Champion: Stonehill College Runner Up: Marist College Women’s Division IV National Championship Location: Easton, MA Champion: Roger Williams University Runner Up: Gettysburg College 2008-2009 Men’s Division III National Championship See 2009 NSCRO Men's Division III Rugby Tournament Location: Cherry Hill, NJ Champion: Coastal Carolina Runner Up: SUNY Oswego 3d Place: Longwood University 4th Place: Salve Regina University Women’s Division III National Championship Location: Cherry Hill, NJ Champion: Bryant University Runner Up: Gettysburg College Women’s Division IV National Championship Location: Cherry Hill, NJ Champion: Holy Cross College Runner Up: Albright College 2009-2010 Men’s Division III National Championship Location: Virginia Beach, VA Champion: Penn State Berks Runner Up: Keene State 3d Place: Louisiana-Lafayette 4th Place: William Paterson Women’s Division III National Championship Location: Cherry Hill, NJ Champion: MIT Runner Up: East Stroudsburg University Women’s Division IV National Championship Location: Cherry Hill, NJ Champion: Drexel University Runner Up: Wentworth Institute of Technology 2010-2011 Men’s Division III National Championship Location: Virginia Beach, VA Champion: Longwood University Runner Up: Occidental College 3d Place: Salve Regina University 4th Place: Ithaca College Women’s Division III National Championship Location: Cherry Hill, NJ Champion: Bentley University Runner Up: Drexel University Women’s Division IV National Championship Location: Cherry Hill, NJ Champion: Lock Haven University Runner Up: Mount Holyoke College", "Fearsome Four __knowledge__ The Fearsome Four is a college rugby national championship tournament sponsored by the National Small College Rugby Organization.", "Fearsome Four __knowledge__ Each year, the NSCRO hosts a final four-style college rugby national championship for small colleges competing in Division III.", "Fearsome Four __knowledge__ The NSCRO sponsors 4 regional tournaments: New England, New York/Midwest, Mid-Atlantic, and South.", "Fearsome Four __knowledge__ The Regional Champions are invited to compete in the annual Fearsome Four to determine the Division III College Rugby National Champion.", "Fearsome Four __knowledge__ 2001-2002 Men’s Division III Fearsome Four National Championship Location: Bethlehem, PA Champion: Stonehill College Runner Up: Western Carolina University 3d Place: Lehigh University 4th Place: Old Dominion University 2002-2003 Men’s Division III Fearsome Four National Championship Location: Raleigh, NC Champion: Furman University Runner Up: Stonehill College 3d Place: Franklin & Marshall 4th Place: Wake Forest 2003-2004 Men’s Division III Fearsome Four National Championship Location: Cherry Hill, NJ Champion: Furman University Runner Up: Central Connecticut State University 3d Place: Albright College 4th Place: Bentley College 2004-2005 Men’s Division III Fearsome Four National Championship Location: Greenville, SC Champion: Furman University Runner Up: Duke University 3d Place: Western Connecticut State University 4th Place: Lehigh University 2005-2006 Men’s Division III Fearsome Four National Championship Location: Richmond, VA Champion: Bentley University Runner Up: The Citadel 3d Place: Franklin & Marshall 4th Place: Virginia Commonwealth University 2006-2007 Men’s Division III Fearsome Four National Championship Location: Wake Forest, NC Champion: Bentley University Runner Up: Furman University 3d Place: Longwood University 4th Place: Allegheny College 2007-2008 Men’s Division III Fearsome Four National Championship Location: Clinton, NY Champion: Plymouth State University Runner Up: Furman University 3d Place: Widener University 4th Place: Hamilton College 2008-2009 Men’s Division III Fearsome Four National Championship See 2009 NSCRO Men's Division III Rugby Tournament Location: Cherry Hill, NJ Longwood University Coastal Carolina University SUNY Oswego Salve Regina University", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ Red tortoise cake () is a small round or oval shaped Chinese pastry with soft sticky glutinous rice flour skin wrapped around a sweet filling in the centre.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ It is molded to resemble a tortoise shell and is presented resting on a square piece of banana leaf.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ As suggested by its name, red tortoise cakes are traditionally red in color and has a sticky chewy texture when eaten.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ Red tortoise cakes are shaped like tortoise shells because the Chinese traditionally believed that eating tortoises would bring longevity to those who are eating it and bring about good fortune and prosperity.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ Considered to be auspicious items, these sweet pastries are especially prepared during important festivals such as Chinese New Year as offerings to the Chinese deities.", "Lego minifigure __knowledge__ Lego minifigure, commonly referred to as a \"mini fig\", or simply just \"fig\", is a small plastic articulated figurine, many of which are yellow and other skin tones, available as part of the construction toy Lego, produced by Danish toy manufacturer the Lego Group.", "Lego minifigure __knowledge__ They were first produced in 1978, and have become hugely successful, with over 3.7 billion produced, and the figure appearing in a variety of media, including movies, books and video games.", "Lego minifigure __knowledge__ The figures are usually found within Lego sets, although they are also sold separately as keychains and magnets.", "Lego minifigure __knowledge__ While some are named as specific characters, either licensed from film franchises or of Lego's own creation, many are unnamed and are designer simply to fit within a certain theme (such as police officers, astronauts and pirates).", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ Anaglyph 3D is the name given to the stereoscopic 3D effect achieved by means of encoding each eye's image using filters of different (usually chromatically opposite) colors, typically red and cyan.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ Anaglyph 3D images contain two differently filtered colored images, one for each eye.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ When viewed through the \"color-coded\" \"anaglyph glasses\", each of the two images reaches the eye it's intended for, revealing an integrated stereoscopic image.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ The visual cortex of the brain fuses this into the perception of a three-dimensional scene or composition.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ Anaglyph images have seen a recent resurgence due to the presentation of images and video on the Web, Blu-ray Discs, CDs, and even in print." ] ]

[ 1, 6, 2, 3 ]

[ "I have tried but I'm not very good at it. It's when you use sugar like icing or frosting to decorate a cake.", "Yes me too! cake decorating actually originated in 17th century Europe.", "Definitely! cakes can even be sculpted and molded to resemble 3d place, persons, or things.", "I know right! They decorate them for different occasions like making a cake that looks like a baby for a baby shower." ]

[ "Cake decorating", "Cake decorating", "Cake decorating", "Cake decorating" ]

[ "Mermaid", "I'm on the fence. They seem like they could be real.", "I will have to look at that. So, if there are mermaids, are there also mermen?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mermaid __knowledge__ A mermaid is a legendary aquatic creature with the head and upper body of a female human and the tail of a fish.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Mermaids appear in the folklore of many cultures worldwide, including the Near East, Europe, Africa and Asia.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ The first stories appeared in ancient Assyria, in which the goddess Atargatis transformed herself into a mermaid out of shame for accidentally killing her human lover.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Mermaids are sometimes associated with perilous events such as floods, storms, shipwrecks and drownings.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ In other folk traditions (or sometimes within the same tradition), they can be benevolent or beneficent, bestowing boons or falling in love with humans.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ The male equivalent of the mermaid is the merman, also a familiar figure in folklore and heraldry.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Although traditions about and sightings of mermen are less common than those of mermaids, they are generally assumed to co-exist with their female counterparts.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Some of the attributes of mermaids may have been influenced by the Sirens of Greek mythology.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Historical accounts of mermaids, such as those reported by Christopher Columbus during his exploration of the Caribbean, may have been inspired by manatees and similar aquatic mammals.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ While there is no evidence that mermaids exist outside folklore, reports of mermaid sightings continue to the present day, including 21st century examples from Israel and Zimbabwe." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mermaid __knowledge__ A mermaid is a legendary aquatic creature with the head and upper body of a female human and the tail of a fish.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Mermaids appear in the folklore of many cultures worldwide, including the Near East, Europe, Africa and Asia.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ The first stories appeared in ancient Assyria, in which the goddess Atargatis transformed herself into a mermaid out of shame for accidentally killing her human lover.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Mermaids are sometimes associated with perilous events such as floods, storms, shipwrecks and drownings.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ In other folk traditions (or sometimes within the same tradition), they can be benevolent or beneficent, bestowing boons or falling in love with humans.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ The male equivalent of the mermaid is the merman, also a familiar figure in folklore and heraldry.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Although traditions about and sightings of mermen are less common than those of mermaids, they are generally assumed to co-exist with their female counterparts.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Some of the attributes of mermaids may have been influenced by the Sirens of Greek mythology.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Historical accounts of mermaids, such as those reported by Christopher Columbus during his exploration of the Caribbean, may have been inspired by manatees and similar aquatic mammals.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ While there is no evidence that mermaids exist outside folklore, reports of mermaid sightings continue to the present day, including 21st century examples from Israel and Zimbabwe.", "Fence Viewer __knowledge__ A Fence Viewer is a town or city official who administers fence laws by inspecting new fences and settles disputes arising from trespass by livestock that have escaped enclosure.", "Fence Viewer __knowledge__ The office of Fence Viewer is one of the oldest appointments in New England.", "Fence Viewer __knowledge__ The office emigrated along with New England pioneers to the Midwest as well, where the office still exists.", "Fence Viewer __knowledge__ New England farmers clearing their land during the 17th century were confronted with boulders and stones left by retreating glaciers.", "Fence Viewer __knowledge__ They cleared their fields of the boulders with horses and built stone walls along the edges of their fields, frequently at the property boundary.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "Mexico–United States barrier __knowledge__ The Mexico–United States barrier is a series of walls and fences along the Mexico–United States border aimed at preventing illegal crossings from Mexico into the United States.", "Mexico–United States barrier __knowledge__ The barrier is not one contiguous structure, but a grouping of relatively short physical walls, secured in between with a \"virtual fence\" which includes a system of sensors and cameras monitored by the United States Border Patrol.", "Mexico–United States barrier __knowledge__ As of January 2009, U.S. Customs and Border Protection reported that it had more than of barriers in place.", "Mexico–United States barrier __knowledge__ The total length of the continental border is .", "Mexico–United States barrier __knowledge__ The barriers were built from 1994 as part of three larger \"Operations\" to taper transportation of illegal drugs manufactured in Latin America and immigration: Operation Gatekeeper in California, Operation Hold-the-Line in Texas, and Operation Safeguard in Arizona.", "Tientsin incident __knowledge__ The was an international incident created by a blockade by the Imperial Japanese Army's Japanese Northern China Area Army of the British settlements in the north China treaty port of Tientsin (modern day Tianjin) in June 1939.", "Tientsin incident __knowledge__ Originating as a minor administrative dispute, it escalated into a major diplomatic incident.", "Tientsin incident __knowledge__ Starting in 1931 with the seizure of Manchuria, Japan had a policy of attempting to reduce Chinese independence with the ultimate aim of placing all of China within the Japanese sphere of influence.", "Tientsin incident __knowledge__ Britain's relations with China had not been particularly warm or close before the mid-1930s, but the rise of Japan had improved relations between London and Nanking.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white.", "Electric fence __knowledge__ An electric fence is a barrier that uses electric shocks to deter animals from crossing a boundary.", "Electric fence __knowledge__ The voltage of the shock may have effects ranging from discomfort to death.", "Electric fence __knowledge__ Most electric fences are used today for agricultural fencing and other forms of animal control, although they are frequently used to enhance the security of sensitive areas, such as military installations, prisons, and other security sensitive places; places exist where lethal voltages are used.", "Electric fence __knowledge__ Electric fences are designed to create an electrical circuit when touched by a person or animal.", "Electric fence __knowledge__ A component called a power energizer converts power into a brief high voltage pulse.", "Barbed wire __knowledge__ Barbed wire, also known as barb wire, or, in the southeastern United States, bobbed wire, is a type of steel fencing wire constructed with sharp edges or points arranged at intervals along the strand(s).", "Barbed wire __knowledge__ It is used to construct inexpensive fences and is used atop walls surrounding secured property.", "Barbed wire __knowledge__ It is also a major feature of the fortifications in trench warfare (as a wire obstacle).", "Barbed wire __knowledge__ A person or animal trying to pass through or over barbed wire will suffer discomfort and possibly injury.", "Barbed wire __knowledge__ Barbed wire fencing requires only fence posts, wire, and fixing devices such as staples.", "Barbed wire __knowledge__ It is simple to construct and quick to erect, even by an unskilled person.", "Philippine mythical creatures __knowledge__ Philippine folklore, unlike Greek, Norse or Egyptian mythologies, has not been organized into a formal pantheon, does not generally contain long epics, nor has it been relegated to history.", "Philippine mythical creatures __knowledge__ To this day, Philippine myths still have an active role in the lives of rural Filipinos.", "Philippine mythical creatures __knowledge__ The countless myths circulating throughout the Filipino countryside contain a large variety of mythical creatures.", "Philippine mythical creatures __knowledge__ Although there is no scientific evidence for any of these creatures, there is also no shortage in the rural parts of the Philippines of people who believe firmly in their existence.", "Philippine mythical creatures __knowledge__ This discrepancy is sometimes rationalized by the explanation that only pure and good mortals are able to see these creatures.", "Mermaiding __knowledge__ Mermaiding (also referred to as artistic mermaiding, mermaidry, or artistic mermaid performance) is the practice of wearing, and often swimming in a costume mermaid tail.", "Mermaiding __knowledge__ It is hard to pinpoint exactly where the term mermaiding was coined, however there were some of the first professional freelance mermaids appearing on the world scene around 2004 like Hannah Mermaid and Mahina Mermaid and Mermaid Linden in 2005 who were all playing with the term.", "Mermaiding __knowledge__ A little later on, the term was brought to a wider use and community by Iona the Mermaid, co-founder of MerNetwork.com.", "Mermaiding __knowledge__ In the beginning of the twentieth century mermaiding was sometimes referred to as water ballet, but it is not currently a term that is used much.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ This is a list of creatures in the fictional \"Star Wars\" universe.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ To be listed here, creatures must be noted in multiple canonical sources.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ An Acklay is a large non-Sentient creature resembling an Earth's praying mantis.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is a Crustacean.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is equipped with three eyes and six legs with four digits each, the fourth of which terminates in an elongated scythe-like claw and a crest to protect it from air attack.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ As a carnivore, it possesses a mouth full of long, sharp teeth that it uses for catching fish.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It originated on Vendaxa, but has since adapted to other environments such as Felucia and Geonosis.", "Ichthyosaur __knowledge__ Ichthyosaurs (Greek for \"fish lizard\" – ιχθυς or \"ichthys\" meaning \"fish\" and σαυρος or \"sauros\" meaning \"lizard\") are large marine reptiles.", "Ichthyosaur __knowledge__ Ichthyosaurs belong to the order known as Ichthyosauria or Ichthyopterygia ('fish flippers' – a designation introduced by Sir Richard Owen in 1840, although the term is now used more for the parent clade of the Ichthyosauria).", "Ichthyosaur __knowledge__ Ichthyosaurs thrived during much of the Mesozoic era; based on fossil evidence, they first appeared around 250 million years ago (Mya) and at least one species survived until about 90 million years ago, into the Late Cretaceous.", "Ichthyosaur __knowledge__ During the early Triassic period, ichthyosaurs evolved from a group of unidentified land reptiles that returned to the sea, in a development parallel to that of the ancestors of modern-day dolphins and whales, which they gradually came to resemble in a case of convergent evolution.", "Fish anatomy __knowledge__ Fish anatomy is the study of the form or morphology of fishes.", "Fish anatomy __knowledge__ It can be contrasted with fish physiology, which is the study of how the component parts of fish function together in the living fish.", "Fish anatomy __knowledge__ In practice, fish anatomy and fish physiology complement each other, the former dealing with the structure of a fish, its organs or component parts and how they are put together, such as might be observed on the dissecting table or under the microscope, and the latter dealing with how those components function together in living fish.", "Fish anatomy __knowledge__ The anatomy of fish is often shaped by the physical characteristics of water, the medium in which fish live.", "Teleost __knowledge__ The teleosts or Teleostei (Greek: \"teleios\", \"complete\" + \"osteon\", \"bone\") are by far the largest infraclass in the class Actinopterygii, the ray-finned fishes, and make up 96% of all extant species of fish.", "Teleost __knowledge__ This diverse group arose in the Triassic period, and members are arranged in about 40 orders and 448 families.", "Teleost __knowledge__ Over 26,000 species have been described.", "Teleost __knowledge__ Teleosts range from giant oarfish measuring or more, and ocean sunfish weighing over , to the minute male anglerfish \"Photocorynus spiniceps\", just long.", "Teleost __knowledge__ Including not only torpedo-shaped fish built for speed, teleosts can be flattened vertically or horizontally, be elongated cylinders or take specialised shapes as in anglerfish and seahorses." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mermaid __knowledge__ A mermaid is a legendary aquatic creature with the head and upper body of a female human and the tail of a fish.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Mermaids appear in the folklore of many cultures worldwide, including the Near East, Europe, Africa and Asia.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ The first stories appeared in ancient Assyria, in which the goddess Atargatis transformed herself into a mermaid out of shame for accidentally killing her human lover.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Mermaids are sometimes associated with perilous events such as floods, storms, shipwrecks and drownings.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ In other folk traditions (or sometimes within the same tradition), they can be benevolent or beneficent, bestowing boons or falling in love with humans.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ The male equivalent of the mermaid is the merman, also a familiar figure in folklore and heraldry.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Although traditions about and sightings of mermen are less common than those of mermaids, they are generally assumed to co-exist with their female counterparts.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Some of the attributes of mermaids may have been influenced by the Sirens of Greek mythology.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ Historical accounts of mermaids, such as those reported by Christopher Columbus during his exploration of the Caribbean, may have been inspired by manatees and similar aquatic mammals.", "Mermaid __knowledge__ While there is no evidence that mermaids exist outside folklore, reports of mermaid sightings continue to the present day, including 21st century examples from Israel and Zimbabwe.", "Merman __knowledge__ Mermen are mythical male equivalents and counterparts of mermaids – legendary creatures who have the form of a male human from the waist up and are fish-like from the waist down, having scaly fish tails in place of legs.", "Merman __knowledge__ A \"merboy\" is a young merman.", "Merman __knowledge__ In contrast to mermaids, mermen were traditionally depicted as unattractive.", "Merman __knowledge__ However, some modern depictions show them as handsome.", "Merman __knowledge__ In Greek mythology, mermen were often illustrated to have green seaweed-like hair, a beard, and a trident.", "Merman __knowledge__ In Irish mythology, mermen (see merrow) are described as extremely ugly creatures with green hair, teeth and skin, narrow eyes and a red nose.", "Cherish (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"Cherish\" is a song by American singer Madonna from her fourth studio album, \"Like a Prayer\" (1989).", "Cherish (Madonna song) __knowledge__ It was written and produced by Madonna and Patrick Leonard, and was released by Sire Records as the album's third single on August 1, 1989.", "Cherish (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"Cherish\" was built around the themes of love and relationship, with William Shakespeare's \"Romeo and Juliet\" being one of the major inspirations.", "Cherish (Madonna song) __knowledge__ The track also included a line from \"Cherish\" by the 1960s band The Association.", "Cherish (Madonna song) __knowledge__ Musically constructed as a doo-wop-style pop song, it is regarded as a light-hearted track by critics and includes instruments such as a drum machine, percussions, keyboards and a saxophone.", "Dyesebel (2014 TV series) __knowledge__ Mars Ravelo's Dyesebel is a 2014 Philippine fantasy drama television series loosely based on a famous graphic novel of the same name created by Mars Ravelo.", "Dyesebel (2014 TV series) __knowledge__ Directed by Don M. Cuaresma and Francis E. Pasion, it was topbilled by Anne Curtis, together with an ensemble cast.", "Dyesebel (2014 TV series) __knowledge__ The series was aired on ABS-CBN's \"Primetime Bida\" evening block and worldwide on TFC from March 17, 2014 to July 18, 2014, replacing \"Honesto\".", "Dyesebel (2014 TV series) __knowledge__ The story followed the journey of a young mermaid named Dyesebel, as she discovers the world above the ocean and locks in a fierce love triangle.", "Dyesebel (2014 TV series) __knowledge__ The story has been adapted into five films and a spin-off, throughout the timeline from 1953 to 1996.", "Mermaiding __knowledge__ Mermaiding (also referred to as artistic mermaiding, mermaidry, or artistic mermaid performance) is the practice of wearing, and often swimming in a costume mermaid tail.", "Mermaiding __knowledge__ It is hard to pinpoint exactly where the term mermaiding was coined, however there were some of the first professional freelance mermaids appearing on the world scene around 2004 like Hannah Mermaid and Mahina Mermaid and Mermaid Linden in 2005 who were all playing with the term.", "Mermaiding __knowledge__ A little later on, the term was brought to a wider use and community by Iona the Mermaid, co-founder of MerNetwork.com.", "Mermaiding __knowledge__ In the beginning of the twentieth century mermaiding was sometimes referred to as water ballet, but it is not currently a term that is used much.", "Merrow __knowledge__ Merrow (from Irish ', Middle Irish ' or \"\") is a mermaid or merman in Irish folklore.", "Merrow __knowledge__ The term is of Irish-English origin.", "Merrow __knowledge__ The word appears in two tales set in Ireland published in the 19th century: \"Lady of Gollerus\", where a green-haired merrow weds a local Kerry man who deprives her of the \"magical cap\" (\"\"); and \"The Soul Cages\" where a green-bodied grotesque male merrow entertains a fisherman at his home under the sea.", "Merrow __knowledge__ These tales with commentary were first published in T. C. Croker's \"Fairy Legends\" (1828).", "Merrow __knowledge__ William Butler Yeats and others writing on the subject borrowed heavily from this work.", "Triton of the Sea __knowledge__ 5000 years ago, the Triton Family lived in Atlantis until the Poseidon Family destroyed them all out of envy, leaving Triton the last survivor of his kind.", "Triton of the Sea __knowledge__ Ruka took the orphaned Triton to Japan to protect him from his enemies.", "Triton of the Sea __knowledge__ Triton was taken in as a baby by the human boy, Kazuya Yasaki (矢崎和也).", "Triton of the Sea __knowledge__ But Poseidon set off a huge tsunami that destroyed Kazuya's village and killed his father.", "Triton of the Sea __knowledge__ Kazuya, his mother and Triton then moved to Tokyo.", "Triton of the Sea __knowledge__ However, Kazuya was cheated out of his salary and in his anger committed murder.", "Triton of the Sea __knowledge__ He becomes a fugitive and works on a ship that, unbeknown to Kazuya, delivers goods to Poseidon's base.", "Near East __knowledge__ The Near East is a geographical term that roughly encompasses Western Asia.", "Near East __knowledge__ Despite having varying definitions within different academic circles, the term was originally applied to the maximum extent of the Ottoman Empire.", "Near East __knowledge__ The term has fallen into disuse in English and has been replaced by the terms \"Middle East\" and \"West Asia\", the former of which may include Egypt, and the latter strictly Southwest Asia including the Transcaucasus.", "Near East __knowledge__ According to the National Geographic Society, the terms Near East and Middle East denote the same territories and are \"generally accepted as comprising the countries of the Arabian Peninsula, Cyprus, Egypt, Iraq, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestinian territories, Syria, and Turkey\".", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ German Radio Intelligence Operation during World War II were signals intelligence operations that were undertaken by German Axis forces in Europe during World War II.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ In keeping with German signals practice since 1942, the term \"communication intelligence\" () had been used when intercept units were assigned to observe both enemy \"radio and wire\" communication.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ When the observation of only enemy \"radio\" communication was undertaken, the term \"radio intelligence\" ().", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ The term \"intercept service\" () was also used up until 1942.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ Towards the end of World War II, about 12,000 troopers of the German Army were engaged in intercepting the radio traffic of an increasingly powerful adversary.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the California coast, the use of ships and the Pacific Ocean has historically included water craft (such as dugouts, canoes, sailing ships, and steamships), fisheries, shipbuilding, Gold Rush shipping, ports, shipwrecks, naval ships and installations, and lighthouses.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ The maritime history of California can be divided into several periods: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1847; and United States statehood period, which continues to the present day.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the northwest coast of California near the redwood forests several Indian tribes developed large dugout canoes they used for fishing, trade and warfare.", "History of the world __knowledge__ The history of the world is the history of humanity (or human history), as determined from archaeology, anthropology, genetics, linguistics, and other disciplines; and, for periods since the invention of writing, from recorded history and from secondary sources and studies.", "History of the world __knowledge__ Humanity's written history was preceded by its prehistory, beginning with the Palaeolithic Era (\"Early Stone Age\"), followed by the Neolithic Era (\"New Stone Age\").", "History of the world __knowledge__ The Neolithic saw the Agricultural Revolution begin, between 8000 and 5000 BCE, in the Near East's Fertile Crescent.", "History of the world __knowledge__ The Agricultural Revolution marked a fundamental change in history, with humans beginning the systematic husbandry of plants and animals.", "Indo-European migrations __knowledge__ Indo-European migrations were the migrations of pastoral peoples speaking Proto-Indo-European language, who departed from the Yamnaya and related cultures in the Pontic–Caspian steppe, starting at .", "Indo-European migrations __knowledge__ They spread throughout Europe and Asia, forming new cultures with the people they met on their way, including the Corded Ware culture in Northern Europe and the Vedic culture in India.", "Indo-European migrations __knowledge__ Modern knowledge of these migrations is based on data from linguistics, archaeology, anthropology and genetics.", "Indo-European migrations __knowledge__ Linguistics describes the similarities between various languages, and the linguistic laws at play in the changes in those languages.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ Western civilization traces its roots back to Western Europe and the Western Mediterranean.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ It is linked to the Roman Empire and with Medieval Western Christendom which emerged from the Middle Ages to experience such transformative episodes as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution, scientific revolution, and the development of liberal democracy.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ The civilizations of Classical Greece, Ancient Rome and Ancient Israel are considered seminal periods in Western history; a few cultural contributions also emerged from the pagan peoples of pre-Christian Europe, such as the Celts and Germans." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 10 ]

[ "I don't think Mermaids are a myth. They are water creatures just like fishes with head , upper body and the tail of a fish", "You are on the fence because they are used in stories in alot cultures worldwide, including the Near East, Europe, Africa and Asia. But they have been cases of Mermaid floating around shores and fisherman nets. Check youtube", "Yes, although no strong widely accepted evidence. But there have really been sightings, there are examples from Isreal and Zimbabwe" ]

[ "Mermaid", "Mermaid", "Mermaid" ]

[ "Stephen King\nStephen King is my favorite author.", "Stephen King", "I use to read his books in the summer time.", "Stephen King", "I use to read his books in the summer time." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Stephen Edwin King (born September 21, 1947) is an American author of horror, supernatural fiction, suspense, science fiction, and fantasy.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His books have sold more than 350 million copies, many of which have been adapted into feature films, miniseries, television series, and comic books.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King has published 54 novels, including seven under the pen name Richard Bachman, and six non-fiction books.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ He has written around 200 short stories, most of which have been collected in book collections.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His novella \"Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption\" was the basis for the film \"The Shawshank Redemption\" which is widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time and was in fact voted the greatest film of all time by \"Empire\" magazine readers in \"The 201 Greatest Movies of All Time\" poll in March, 2006.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Many of his stories are set in his home state of Maine.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King was born September 21, 1947, in Portland, Maine.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His father, Donald Edwin King, was a merchant seaman.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Donald was born under the surname Pollock, but as an adult, used the surname King.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King's mother was Nellie Ruth (née Pillsbury).", "Stephen King __knowledge__ When Stephen King was two years old, his father left the family under the pretense of \"going to buy a pack of cigarettes\", leaving his mother to raise Stephen and his older brother, David, by herself, sometimes under great financial strain.", "Rocky Wood __knowledge__ Rocky Wood (19 October 1959 – 1 December 2014) was an award-winning New Zealand-born Australian writer and researcher best known for his books about horror author Stephen King.", "Rocky Wood __knowledge__ He is the first author from outside North America or Europe to hold the position of President of the Horror Writers Association.", "Rocky Wood __knowledge__ Wood was born in Wellington, New Zealand and lived in Melbourne, Australia with his family.", "Rocky Wood __knowledge__ He has been a freelance writer for over 35 years.", "Rocky Wood __knowledge__ His writing career began at university, where he wrote a national newspaper column in New Zealand on extra-terrestrial life and UFO-related phenomena and published other articles about the phenomenon worldwide, in the course of which research he met such figures as Erich von Däniken and J. Allen Hynek; and had articles on the security industry published in the US, Canada, the UK, New Zealand and South Africa.", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ The Shining is a 1980 horror film produced and directed by Stanley Kubrick and co-written with novelist Diane Johnson.", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ The film is based on Stephen King's 1977 novel \"The Shining\".", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ \"The Shining\" is about Jack Torrance (Jack Nicholson), an aspiring writer and recovering alcoholic, who accepts a position as the off-season caretaker of the isolated historic Overlook Hotel in the Colorado Rockies.", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ Wintering over with Jack is his wife Wendy Torrance (Shelley Duvall) and young son Danny Torrance (Danny Lloyd), who possesses \"the shining\", an array of psychic abilities that allow Danny to see the hotel's horrific past.", "Randall Flagg __knowledge__ Randall Flagg is a fictional character created by American author Stephen King, who has appeared in at least nine of his novels.", "Randall Flagg __knowledge__ Described as \"an accomplished sorcerer and a devoted servant of the Outer Dark\", he has supernatural abilities involving necromancy, prophecy, and influence over animal and human behavior.", "Randall Flagg __knowledge__ His goals typically center on bringing down civilizations through destruction and conflict.", "Randall Flagg __knowledge__ He has a variety of names, usually with the initial letters \"R. F.\" but with occasional exceptions, such as Walter o'Dim, originally envisioned by King as a separate character, in \"The Dark Tower\" series.", "Dollar Baby __knowledge__ The Dollar Baby (or Dollar Deal) is an arrangement where best-selling author Stephen King grants permission to students and aspiring filmmakers or theatre producers to adapt one of his short stories for $1.", "Dollar Baby __knowledge__ The term is used to refer to the film or play itself, or the maker (for example, \"The Sun Dog\" was made as a Dollar Baby, or writer/director Frank Darabont was a Dollar Baby).", "Dollar Baby __knowledge__ The production budgets range from a few hundred dollars to over $60,000 (\"Umney's Last Case\") and the film formats range from home video to professional 35 mm film.", "Dollar Baby __knowledge__ A book about the Dollar Baby films was released in July 2015 by Dollar Baby filmmaker Shawn S. Lealos.", "List of The Dark Tower characters __knowledge__ \"The Dark Tower\" is a series of eight novels written by American author Stephen King, which incorporate multiple genres including fantasy, science fantasy, horror and western.", "List of The Dark Tower characters __knowledge__ Below are \"The Dark Tower\" characters that come into play as the series progresses.", "List of The Dark Tower characters __knowledge__ Roland Deschain, son of Steven Deschain, was born in the Barony of Gilead, in In-World.", "List of The Dark Tower characters __knowledge__ Roland is the last surviving gunslinger, a man whose goal is finding and climbing to the top of the Dark Tower, purported to be the very center of existence, so that he may right the wrongs in his land.", "List of The Dark Tower characters __knowledge__ This quest is his obsession, monomania and geas to Roland: In the beginning the success of the quest is more important than the lives of his family and friends.", "The Dark Tower (series) __knowledge__ The Dark Tower is a series of eight books written by American author Stephen King that incorporates themes from multiple genres, including dark fantasy, science fantasy, horror, and Western.", "The Dark Tower (series) __knowledge__ It describes a \"gunslinger\" and his quest toward a tower, the nature of which is both physical and metaphorical.", "The Dark Tower (series) __knowledge__ The series, and its use of the Dark Tower, expands upon Stephen King's multiverse and in doing so, links together many of his other novels.", "The Dark Tower (series) __knowledge__ King has described the series as his \"magnum opus\".", "The Dark Tower (series) __knowledge__ In addition to the eight novels of the series proper that comprise 4,250 pages, many of King's other books relate to the story, introducing concepts and characters that come into play as the series progresses." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Stephen Edwin King (born September 21, 1947) is an American author of horror, supernatural fiction, suspense, science fiction, and fantasy.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His books have sold more than 350 million copies, many of which have been adapted into feature films, miniseries, television series, and comic books.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King has published 54 novels, including seven under the pen name Richard Bachman, and six non-fiction books.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ He has written around 200 short stories, most of which have been collected in book collections.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His novella \"Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption\" was the basis for the film \"The Shawshank Redemption\" which is widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time and was in fact voted the greatest film of all time by \"Empire\" magazine readers in \"The 201 Greatest Movies of All Time\" poll in March, 2006.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Many of his stories are set in his home state of Maine.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King was born September 21, 1947, in Portland, Maine.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His father, Donald Edwin King, was a merchant seaman.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Donald was born under the surname Pollock, but as an adult, used the surname King.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King's mother was Nellie Ruth (née Pillsbury).", "Stephen King __knowledge__ When Stephen King was two years old, his father left the family under the pretense of \"going to buy a pack of cigarettes\", leaving his mother to raise Stephen and his older brother, David, by herself, sometimes under great financial strain.", "Rocky Wood __knowledge__ Rocky Wood (19 October 1959 – 1 December 2014) was an award-winning New Zealand-born Australian writer and researcher best known for his books about horror author Stephen King.", "Rocky Wood __knowledge__ He is the first author from outside North America or Europe to hold the position of President of the Horror Writers Association.", "Rocky Wood __knowledge__ Wood was born in Wellington, New Zealand and lived in Melbourne, Australia with his family.", "Rocky Wood __knowledge__ He has been a freelance writer for over 35 years.", "Rocky Wood __knowledge__ His writing career began at university, where he wrote a national newspaper column in New Zealand on extra-terrestrial life and UFO-related phenomena and published other articles about the phenomenon worldwide, in the course of which research he met such figures as Erich von Däniken and J. Allen Hynek; and had articles on the security industry published in the US, Canada, the UK, New Zealand and South Africa.", "List of The Dark Tower characters __knowledge__ \"The Dark Tower\" is a series of eight novels written by American author Stephen King, which incorporate multiple genres including fantasy, science fantasy, horror and western.", "List of The Dark Tower characters __knowledge__ Below are \"The Dark Tower\" characters that come into play as the series progresses.", "List of The Dark Tower characters __knowledge__ Roland Deschain, son of Steven Deschain, was born in the Barony of Gilead, in In-World.", "List of The Dark Tower characters __knowledge__ Roland is the last surviving gunslinger, a man whose goal is finding and climbing to the top of the Dark Tower, purported to be the very center of existence, so that he may right the wrongs in his land.", "List of The Dark Tower characters __knowledge__ This quest is his obsession, monomania and geas to Roland: In the beginning the success of the quest is more important than the lives of his family and friends.", "Dollar Baby __knowledge__ The Dollar Baby (or Dollar Deal) is an arrangement where best-selling author Stephen King grants permission to students and aspiring filmmakers or theatre producers to adapt one of his short stories for $1.", "Dollar Baby __knowledge__ The term is used to refer to the film or play itself, or the maker (for example, \"The Sun Dog\" was made as a Dollar Baby, or writer/director Frank Darabont was a Dollar Baby).", "Dollar Baby __knowledge__ The production budgets range from a few hundred dollars to over $60,000 (\"Umney's Last Case\") and the film formats range from home video to professional 35 mm film.", "Dollar Baby __knowledge__ A book about the Dollar Baby films was released in July 2015 by Dollar Baby filmmaker Shawn S. Lealos.", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ The Shining is a 1980 horror film produced and directed by Stanley Kubrick and co-written with novelist Diane Johnson.", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ The film is based on Stephen King's 1977 novel \"The Shining\".", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ \"The Shining\" is about Jack Torrance (Jack Nicholson), an aspiring writer and recovering alcoholic, who accepts a position as the off-season caretaker of the isolated historic Overlook Hotel in the Colorado Rockies.", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ Wintering over with Jack is his wife Wendy Torrance (Shelley Duvall) and young son Danny Torrance (Danny Lloyd), who possesses \"the shining\", an array of psychic abilities that allow Danny to see the hotel's horrific past.", "The Dark Tower (series) __knowledge__ The Dark Tower is a series of eight books written by American author Stephen King that incorporates themes from multiple genres, including dark fantasy, science fantasy, horror, and Western.", "The Dark Tower (series) __knowledge__ It describes a \"gunslinger\" and his quest toward a tower, the nature of which is both physical and metaphorical.", "The Dark Tower (series) __knowledge__ The series, and its use of the Dark Tower, expands upon Stephen King's multiverse and in doing so, links together many of his other novels.", "The Dark Tower (series) __knowledge__ King has described the series as his \"magnum opus\".", "The Dark Tower (series) __knowledge__ In addition to the eight novels of the series proper that comprise 4,250 pages, many of King's other books relate to the story, introducing concepts and characters that come into play as the series progresses.", "Randall Flagg __knowledge__ Randall Flagg is a fictional character created by American author Stephen King, who has appeared in at least nine of his novels.", "Randall Flagg __knowledge__ Described as \"an accomplished sorcerer and a devoted servant of the Outer Dark\", he has supernatural abilities involving necromancy, prophecy, and influence over animal and human behavior.", "Randall Flagg __knowledge__ His goals typically center on bringing down civilizations through destruction and conflict.", "Randall Flagg __knowledge__ He has a variety of names, usually with the initial letters \"R. F.\" but with occasional exceptions, such as Walter o'Dim, originally envisioned by King as a separate character, in \"The Dark Tower\" series.", "Horror comics __knowledge__ Horror comics are comic books, graphic novels, black-and-white comics magazines, and manga focusing on horror fiction.", "Horror comics __knowledge__ In the US market, horror comic books reached a peak in the late 1940s through the mid-1950s, when concern over content and the imposition of the self-censorship Comics Code Authority contributed to the demise of many titles and the toning down of others.", "Horror comics __knowledge__ Black-and-white horror-comics magazines, which did not fall under the Code, flourished from the mid-1960s through the early 1980s from a variety of publishers.", "Horror comics __knowledge__ Mainstream American color comic books experienced a horror resurgence in the 1970s, following a loosening of the Code.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction (often shortened to SF or sci-fi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a \"literature of ideas\".", "Science fiction __knowledge__ It usually avoids the supernatural, unlike the related genre of fantasy.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Historically, science-fiction stories have had a grounding in actual science, but now this is only expected of hard science fiction.", "Horror film __knowledge__ A horror film is a movie that seeks to elicit a physiological reaction, such as an elevated heartbeat, through the use of fear and shocking one’s audiences.", "Horror film __knowledge__ Initially often inspired by literature from authors like Edgar Allan Poe, Bram Stoker and Mary Shelley, horror has existed as a film genre for more than a century.", "Horror film __knowledge__ The macabre and the supernatural are frequent themes.", "Horror film __knowledge__ Horror may also overlap with the fantasy, supernatural fiction and thriller genres.", "Horror film __knowledge__ Horror films often aim to evoke viewers' nightmares, fears, revulsions and terror of the unknown.", "Horror film __knowledge__ Plots within the horror genre often involve the intrusion of an evil force, event, or personage into the everyday world.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ Genre fiction, also known as popular fiction, is plot-driven fictional works written with the intent of fitting into a specific literary genre, in order to appeal to readers and fans already familiar with that genre.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ Genre fiction is generally distinguished from literary fiction.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ Some writing may be considered both literary and genre, such as the science fiction writing of Nobel laureate Doris Lessing and Margaret Atwood.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ Georges Simenon, the creator of the Maigret detective novels, has been described by André Gide as 'the most novelistic of novelists in French literature'.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ The main genres are crime, fantasy, romance, science fiction, western, inspirational and horror.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Science fiction and fantasy magazines began to be published in the US in the 1920s.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Stories with science fiction themes had been appearing for decades in pulp magazines such as \"Argosy\", but there were no magazines that specialized in a single genre until 1915, when Street & Smith, one of the major pulp publishers, brought out \"Detective Story Magazine\".", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ The first magazine to focus solely on fantasy and horror was \"Weird Tales\", which was launched in 1923, and established itself as the leading weird fiction magazine over the next two decades; writers such as H.P.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Lovecraft, Clark Ashton Smith and Robert E. Howard became regular contributors.", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ The literary genre of science fiction is diverse, and its exact definition remains a contested question among both scholars and devotees.", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ This lack of consensus is reflected in debates about the genre's history, particularly over determining its exact origins.", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ There are two broad camps of thought, one that identifies the genre's roots in early fantastical works such as the Sumerian \"Epic of Gilgamesh\" (earliest Sumerian text versions c. 2150–2000 BCE).", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ A second approach argues that science fiction only became possible sometime between the 17th and early 19th centuries, following the scientific revolution and major discoveries in astronomy, physics, and mathematics." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Stephen Edwin King (born September 21, 1947) is an American author of horror, supernatural fiction, suspense, science fiction, and fantasy.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His books have sold more than 350 million copies, many of which have been adapted into feature films, miniseries, television series, and comic books.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King has published 54 novels, including seven under the pen name Richard Bachman, and six non-fiction books.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ He has written around 200 short stories, most of which have been collected in book collections.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His novella \"Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption\" was the basis for the film \"The Shawshank Redemption\" which is widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time and was in fact voted the greatest film of all time by \"Empire\" magazine readers in \"The 201 Greatest Movies of All Time\" poll in March, 2006.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Many of his stories are set in his home state of Maine.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King was born September 21, 1947, in Portland, Maine.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His father, Donald Edwin King, was a merchant seaman.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Donald was born under the surname Pollock, but as an adult, used the surname King.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King's mother was Nellie Ruth (née Pillsbury).", "Stephen King __knowledge__ When Stephen King was two years old, his father left the family under the pretense of \"going to buy a pack of cigarettes\", leaving his mother to raise Stephen and his older brother, David, by herself, sometimes under great financial strain.", "Summer Time in Europe __knowledge__ European Summer Time is the variation of standard clock time that is applied in most European countries, not including Iceland, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Turkey and Russia — in the period between spring and autumn, during which clocks are advanced by one hour from the time observed in the rest of the year, in order to make the most efficient use of seasonal daylight.", "Summer Time in Europe __knowledge__ It corresponds to the notion and practice of \"daylight saving time\" to be found in many other parts of the world.", "Summer Time in Europe __knowledge__ European Summer Time is observed across three time zones, beginning at 01:00 UTC/WET (02:00 CET, 03:00 EET) on the last Sunday in March and ending at 01:00 UTC (02:00 WEST, 03:00 CEST, 04:00 EEST) on the last Sunday in October each year.", "British Summer Time __knowledge__ During British Summer Time (BST), civil time in the United Kingdom, Ireland and Portugal is advanced one hour forward of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) (in effect, changing the time zone from UTC+0 to UTC+1), so that evenings have more daylight and mornings have less.", "British Summer Time __knowledge__ BST begins at 01:00 GMT on the last Sunday of March and ends at 01:00 GMT (02:00 BST) on the last Sunday of October.", "British Summer Time __knowledge__ Since 22 October 1995, the starting and finishing times of daylight saving time across the European Union have been aligned – for instance Central European Summer Time begins and ends on the same Sundays at exactly the same time (that is, 02:00 CET, which is 01:00 GMT).", "Daylight saving time __knowledge__ Daylight saving time (abbreviated DST), commonly referred to as daylight savings time in speech, and known as summer time in some countries, is the practice of advancing clocks during summer months so that evening daylight lasts longer, while sacrificing normal sunrise times.", "Daylight saving time __knowledge__ Typically, regions that use daylight saving time adjust clocks forward one hour close to the start of spring and adjust them backward in the autumn to standard time.", "Daylight saving time __knowledge__ George Hudson proposed the idea of daylight saving in 1895.", "Daylight saving time __knowledge__ The German Empire and Austria-Hungary organized the first nationwide implementation, starting on April 30, 1916.", "Time in Ireland __knowledge__ The Republic of Ireland uses Irish Standard Time (IST, ; ) in the summer months and Greenwich Mean Time (UTC+0; \"Meán-Am Greenwich\") in the winter period.", "Time in Ireland __knowledge__ In the Republic of Ireland, the Standard Time Act 1968 legally established that \"the time for general purposes in the State (to be known as standard time) shall be one hour in advance of Greenwich mean time throughout the year\".", "Time in Ireland __knowledge__ This act was amended by the Standard Time (Amendment) Act 1971, which legally established Greenwich Mean Time as a winter time period.", "Time in Ireland __knowledge__ Ireland therefore operates one hour behind standard time during the winter period, and reverts to standard time in the summer months.", "Time in France __knowledge__ Metropolitan France uses Central European Time (\"heure d'Europe centrale\", \"HEC\": ) and Central European Summer Time (\"heure d'été d'Europe centrale\": ).", "Time in France __knowledge__ Daylight saving time is observed in Metropolitan France from the last Sunday in March (02:00 CET) to the last Sunday in October (03:00 CEST).", "Time in France __knowledge__ With its overseas territories, France uses 12 different time zones, more than any other country in the world.", "Time in France __knowledge__ The overseas territories of France use different timezones.", "Time in France __knowledge__ Before 1891, each town and city in Metropolitan France had its own time based on local solar time.", "Time in France __knowledge__ In 1891, to avoid complications with railway timetables, time was unified in Metropolitan France and based on the solar time of Paris.", "Daylight saving time in Egypt __knowledge__ The history of daylight saving time in Egypt is complicated.", "Daylight saving time in Egypt __knowledge__ It was cancelled in both 2015 and 2016, after having been abolished and reinstated several times.", "Daylight saving time in Egypt __knowledge__ The British first instituted summer time in Egypt in 1940, during the Second World War.", "Daylight saving time in Egypt __knowledge__ The practice was stopped after 1945, but resumed 12 years later, in 1957.", "Daylight saving time in Egypt __knowledge__ Before the revolution in January 2011, the government was planning to take a decision to abolish summer time in 2011 before President Hosni Mubarak's term expires in September 2011.", "Daylight saving time in Egypt __knowledge__ The transitional government did so on 20 April 2011.", "Daylight saving time in Egypt __knowledge__ Under the pretext that daylight saving time would save energy, the Egyptian government decided on 7 May 2014 to reinstate summer time with an exception for the holy month of Ramadan.", "Time in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The United Kingdom uses Greenwich Mean Time or Western European Time (UTC) and British Summer Time or Western European Summer Time ().", "Time in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Until the advent of the railways, the United Kingdom used Local Mean Time.", "Time in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Greenwich Mean Time was adopted first by the Great Western Railway in 1840 and a few others followed suit in the following years.", "Time in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ In 1847 it was adopted by the Railway Clearing House, and by almost all railway companies by the following year.", "Time in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ It was from this initiative that the term \"railway time\" was derived.", "Time in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ It was gradually adopted for other purposes, but a legal case in 1858 held \"local mean time\" to be the official time.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, songwriter, and dancer.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"King of Pop\", he was one of the most popular entertainers in the world, and was the best-selling music artist during the year of his death.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Jackson's contributions to music, dance, and fashion along with his publicized personal life made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ The eighth child of the Jackson family, Michael made his professional debut in 1964 with his elder brothers Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, and Marlon as a member of the Jackson 5.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ He began his solo career in 1971 while at Motown Records.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ With members John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, they became widely regarded as the foremost and most influential music band.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock and roll, the Beatles later experimented with several musical styles, ranging from pop ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock, often incorporating classical elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ In 1963 their enormous popularity first emerged as \"Beatlemania\"; as the group's music grew in sophistication, led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney, the band were integral to pop music's evolution into an art form and to the development of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records Inc. is an American major record label established in 1958 as the foundation label of the present-day Warner Music Group (WMG), and now operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of that corporation.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records was established on March 19, 1958, as the recorded-music division of the American film studio Warner Bros.. For most of its early existence it was one of a group of labels owned and operated by larger parent corporations.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ The sequence of companies that controlled Warner Bros. and its allied labels evolved through a convoluted series of corporate mergers and acquisitions from the early 1960s to the early 2000s.", "25 (Adele album) __knowledge__ 25 is the third studio album by English singer Adele.", "25 (Adele album) __knowledge__ It was released on 20 November 2015, through XL Recordings nearly five years after the release and international success of her second studio album \"21\".", "25 (Adele album) __knowledge__ Titled as a reflection of her life and frame of mind at 25 years old, \"25\" is a \"make-up record\".", "25 (Adele album) __knowledge__ The album's lyrical content features themes of Adele \"yearning for her old self, her nostalgia\", and \"melancholia about the passage of time\" according to an interview with the singer by \"Rolling Stone\", as well as themes of motherhood and regret.", "25 (Adele album) __knowledge__ In contrast to Adele's previous works, the production of \"25\" incorporated the use of electronic elements and creative rhythmic patterns, with elements of 1980s R&B and organs.", "Goosebumps __knowledge__ Goosebumps is a series of children's horror fiction novellas by American author R. L. Stine, published by Scholastic Publishing.", "Goosebumps __knowledge__ The stories follow child characters, who find themselves in scary situations; usually involving monsters and other supernatural elements.", "Goosebumps __knowledge__ From 1992 to 1997, 62 books were published under the \"Goosebumps\" umbrella title.", "Goosebumps __knowledge__ Various spin-off series were written by Stine: \"Goosebumps Series 2000\", \"Give Yourself Goosebumps\", \"Tales to Give You Goosebumps\", \"Goosebumps Triple Header\", \"Goosebumps HorrorLand\",\"Goosebumps Most Wanted\" ,and Goosebumps SlappyWorld.", "Goosebumps __knowledge__ Another series, \"Goosebumps Gold\", was never released.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ Atlantic Recording Corporation (simply known as Atlantic Records) is an American major record label founded in October 1947 by Ahmet Ertegün and Herb Abramson.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ Over its first 20 years of operation, Atlantic Records earned a reputation as one of the most important American recording labels, specializing in jazz, R&B and soul recordings by African-American musicians including Aretha Franklin, Ray Charles, Wilson Pickett, Sam and Dave, Ruth Brown and Otis Redding, a position greatly enhanced by its distribution deal with Stax Records.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ In 1967, Atlantic Records became a wholly owned subsidiary of Warner Bros.-Seven Arts, now the Warner Music Group, and expanded into rock and pop music with releases by bands such as Led Zeppelin and Yes.", "Beyoncé __knowledge__ Beyoncé Giselle Knowles-Carter (; born September 4, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, dancer, and actress.", "Beyoncé __knowledge__ Born and raised in Houston, Texas, Beyoncé performed in various singing and dancing competitions as a child.", "Beyoncé __knowledge__ She rose to fame in the late 1990s as lead singer of the R&B girl-group Destiny's Child.", "Beyoncé __knowledge__ Managed by her father, Mathew Knowles, the group became one of the world's best-selling girl groups in history.", "Beyoncé __knowledge__ Their hiatus saw Beyoncé's theatrical film debut in \"Austin Powers in Goldmember\" (2002) and the release of her debut album, \"Dangerously in Love\" (2003).", "Beyoncé __knowledge__ The album established her as a solo artist worldwide, earned five Grammy Awards, and featured the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number one singles \"Crazy in Love\" and \"Baby Boy\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Stephen Edwin King (born September 21, 1947) is an American author of horror, supernatural fiction, suspense, science fiction, and fantasy.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His books have sold more than 350 million copies, many of which have been adapted into feature films, miniseries, television series, and comic books.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King has published 54 novels, including seven under the pen name Richard Bachman, and six non-fiction books.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ He has written around 200 short stories, most of which have been collected in book collections.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His novella \"Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption\" was the basis for the film \"The Shawshank Redemption\" which is widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time and was in fact voted the greatest film of all time by \"Empire\" magazine readers in \"The 201 Greatest Movies of All Time\" poll in March, 2006.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Many of his stories are set in his home state of Maine.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King was born September 21, 1947, in Portland, Maine.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His father, Donald Edwin King, was a merchant seaman.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Donald was born under the surname Pollock, but as an adult, used the surname King.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King's mother was Nellie Ruth (née Pillsbury).", "Stephen King __knowledge__ When Stephen King was two years old, his father left the family under the pretense of \"going to buy a pack of cigarettes\", leaving his mother to raise Stephen and his older brother, David, by herself, sometimes under great financial strain.", "Rocky Wood __knowledge__ Rocky Wood (19 October 1959 – 1 December 2014) was an award-winning New Zealand-born Australian writer and researcher best known for his books about horror author Stephen King.", "Rocky Wood __knowledge__ He is the first author from outside North America or Europe to hold the position of President of the Horror Writers Association.", "Rocky Wood __knowledge__ Wood was born in Wellington, New Zealand and lived in Melbourne, Australia with his family.", "Rocky Wood __knowledge__ He has been a freelance writer for over 35 years.", "Rocky Wood __knowledge__ His writing career began at university, where he wrote a national newspaper column in New Zealand on extra-terrestrial life and UFO-related phenomena and published other articles about the phenomenon worldwide, in the course of which research he met such figures as Erich von Däniken and J. Allen Hynek; and had articles on the security industry published in the US, Canada, the UK, New Zealand and South Africa.", "List of The Dark Tower characters __knowledge__ \"The Dark Tower\" is a series of eight novels written by American author Stephen King, which incorporate multiple genres including fantasy, science fantasy, horror and western.", "List of The Dark Tower characters __knowledge__ Below are \"The Dark Tower\" characters that come into play as the series progresses.", "List of The Dark Tower characters __knowledge__ Roland Deschain, son of Steven Deschain, was born in the Barony of Gilead, in In-World.", "List of The Dark Tower characters __knowledge__ Roland is the last surviving gunslinger, a man whose goal is finding and climbing to the top of the Dark Tower, purported to be the very center of existence, so that he may right the wrongs in his land.", "List of The Dark Tower characters __knowledge__ This quest is his obsession, monomania and geas to Roland: In the beginning the success of the quest is more important than the lives of his family and friends.", "Dollar Baby __knowledge__ The Dollar Baby (or Dollar Deal) is an arrangement where best-selling author Stephen King grants permission to students and aspiring filmmakers or theatre producers to adapt one of his short stories for $1.", "Dollar Baby __knowledge__ The term is used to refer to the film or play itself, or the maker (for example, \"The Sun Dog\" was made as a Dollar Baby, or writer/director Frank Darabont was a Dollar Baby).", "Dollar Baby __knowledge__ The production budgets range from a few hundred dollars to over $60,000 (\"Umney's Last Case\") and the film formats range from home video to professional 35 mm film.", "Dollar Baby __knowledge__ A book about the Dollar Baby films was released in July 2015 by Dollar Baby filmmaker Shawn S. Lealos.", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ The Shining is a 1980 horror film produced and directed by Stanley Kubrick and co-written with novelist Diane Johnson.", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ The film is based on Stephen King's 1977 novel \"The Shining\".", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ \"The Shining\" is about Jack Torrance (Jack Nicholson), an aspiring writer and recovering alcoholic, who accepts a position as the off-season caretaker of the isolated historic Overlook Hotel in the Colorado Rockies.", "The Shining (film) __knowledge__ Wintering over with Jack is his wife Wendy Torrance (Shelley Duvall) and young son Danny Torrance (Danny Lloyd), who possesses \"the shining\", an array of psychic abilities that allow Danny to see the hotel's horrific past.", "The Dark Tower (series) __knowledge__ The Dark Tower is a series of eight books written by American author Stephen King that incorporates themes from multiple genres, including dark fantasy, science fantasy, horror, and Western.", "The Dark Tower (series) __knowledge__ It describes a \"gunslinger\" and his quest toward a tower, the nature of which is both physical and metaphorical.", "The Dark Tower (series) __knowledge__ The series, and its use of the Dark Tower, expands upon Stephen King's multiverse and in doing so, links together many of his other novels.", "The Dark Tower (series) __knowledge__ King has described the series as his \"magnum opus\".", "The Dark Tower (series) __knowledge__ In addition to the eight novels of the series proper that comprise 4,250 pages, many of King's other books relate to the story, introducing concepts and characters that come into play as the series progresses.", "Randall Flagg __knowledge__ Randall Flagg is a fictional character created by American author Stephen King, who has appeared in at least nine of his novels.", "Randall Flagg __knowledge__ Described as \"an accomplished sorcerer and a devoted servant of the Outer Dark\", he has supernatural abilities involving necromancy, prophecy, and influence over animal and human behavior.", "Randall Flagg __knowledge__ His goals typically center on bringing down civilizations through destruction and conflict.", "Randall Flagg __knowledge__ He has a variety of names, usually with the initial letters \"R. F.\" but with occasional exceptions, such as Walter o'Dim, originally envisioned by King as a separate character, in \"The Dark Tower\" series.", "The Shawshank Redemption __knowledge__ The Shawshank Redemption is a 1994 American drama film written and directed by Frank Darabont, based on the 1982 Stephen King novella \"Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption\".", "The Shawshank Redemption __knowledge__ It tells the story of banker Andy Dufresne (Tim Robbins), who is sentenced to life in Shawshank State Penitentiary for the murder of his wife and her lover, despite his claims of innocence.", "The Shawshank Redemption __knowledge__ Over the following two decades, he befriends a fellow prisoner, contraband smuggler Ellis \"Red\" Redding (Morgan Freeman), and becomes instrumental in a money laundering operation led by the prison warden Samuel Norton (Bob Gunton).", "The Shawshank Redemption __knowledge__ William Sadler, Clancy Brown, Gil Bellows, and James Whitmore appear in supporting roles.", "Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption __knowledge__ Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption is a novella by Stephen King, from his 1982 collection \"Different Seasons\", subtitled \"Hope Springs Eternal\".", "Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption __knowledge__ It is loosely based on the Leo Tolstoy short story \"God Sees the Truth, But Waits\".", "Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption __knowledge__ It was adapted for the screen in 1994 as \"The Shawshank Redemption\", which was nominated for seven Academy Awards in 1994, including Best Picture.", "Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption __knowledge__ In 2009, it was adapted for the stage as the play \"The Shawshank Redemption\".", "Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption __knowledge__ In 1947, in Maine, Andy Dufresne, a banker, is tried and convicted for the double murder of his wife and her lover, despite his claims of innocence.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Rita Hayworth (born Margarita Carmen Cansino; October 17, 1918May 14, 1987) was an American actress and dancer.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ She achieved fame during the 1940s as one of the era's top stars, appearing in a total of 61 films over 37 years.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ The press coined the term \"The Love Goddess\" to describe Hayworth after she had become the most glamorous screen idol of the 1940s.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ She was the top pin-up girl for GIs during World War II.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Hayworth is perhaps best known for her performance in the 1946 film noir, \"Gilda\", opposite Glenn Ford, in which she played the \"femme fatale\" in her first major dramatic role.", "Rita Hayworth __knowledge__ Fred Astaire, with whom she made two films, called her his favorite dance partner.", "Frank Darabont __knowledge__ Frank Árpád Darabont (born Darabont Ferenc Árpád; January 28, 1959) is a Hungarian-American film director, screenwriter and producer who has been nominated for three Academy Awards and a Golden Globe Award.", "Frank Darabont __knowledge__ In his early career he was primarily a screenwriter for horror films such as \"\", \"The Blob\" and \"The Fly II\".", "Frank Darabont __knowledge__ As a director he is known for his film adaptations of Stephen King novellas and novels such as \"The Shawshank Redemption\", \"The Green Mile\", and \"The Mist\".", "Frank Darabont __knowledge__ Darabont also developed and executive produced the first season and part of the second season of the AMC horror series \"The Walking Dead\" and created the TNT neo-noir series \"Mob City\".", "American History X-cellent __knowledge__ \"American History X-cellent\" is the seventeenth episode of \"The Simpsons\"' twenty-first season and 458th overall.", "American History X-cellent __knowledge__ It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on April 11, 2010.", "American History X-cellent __knowledge__ In this episode, Mr. Burns is arrested for possessing stolen art and Smithers is chosen to run the nuclear plant—only to turn into a misanthropic slave driver when his subordinates begin taking advantage of his kindness.", "American History X-cellent __knowledge__ The episode was written by Michael Price and directed by Bob Anderson.", "American History X-cellent __knowledge__ The episode features references to Stephen King's \"The Green Mile\" and \"The Shawshank Redemption\".", "American History X-cellent __knowledge__ \"American History X-cellent\" has received positive reviews from critics and received a 2.7 Nielsen Rating in the 18-49 demographic.", "Zihuatanejo __knowledge__ Zihuatanejo (), or Ixtapa-Zihuatanejo, is the fourth-largest city in the Mexican state of Guerrero.", "Zihuatanejo __knowledge__ Politically the city belongs to the municipality of Zihuatanejo de Azueta in the western part of Guerrero, but both are commonly referred to as Zihuatanejo.", "Zihuatanejo __knowledge__ It is on the Pacific Coast, about northwest of Acapulco, and belongs to a section of the Mexican Pacific Coast known as the Costa Grande.", "Zihuatanejo __knowledge__ This town has been developed as a tourist attraction along with the modern tourist resort of Ixtapa, away.", "Zihuatanejo __knowledge__ However, Zihuatanejo has kept its traditional town feel.", "Zihuatanejo __knowledge__ The town is located on a well-protected bay which is popular with private boat owners during the winter months." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Stephen Edwin King (born September 21, 1947) is an American author of horror, supernatural fiction, suspense, science fiction, and fantasy.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His books have sold more than 350 million copies, many of which have been adapted into feature films, miniseries, television series, and comic books.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King has published 54 novels, including seven under the pen name Richard Bachman, and six non-fiction books.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ He has written around 200 short stories, most of which have been collected in book collections.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His novella \"Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption\" was the basis for the film \"The Shawshank Redemption\" which is widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time and was in fact voted the greatest film of all time by \"Empire\" magazine readers in \"The 201 Greatest Movies of All Time\" poll in March, 2006.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Many of his stories are set in his home state of Maine.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King was born September 21, 1947, in Portland, Maine.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ His father, Donald Edwin King, was a merchant seaman.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ Donald was born under the surname Pollock, but as an adult, used the surname King.", "Stephen King __knowledge__ King's mother was Nellie Ruth (née Pillsbury).", "Stephen King __knowledge__ When Stephen King was two years old, his father left the family under the pretense of \"going to buy a pack of cigarettes\", leaving his mother to raise Stephen and his older brother, David, by herself, sometimes under great financial strain.", "Summer Time in Europe __knowledge__ European Summer Time is the variation of standard clock time that is applied in most European countries, not including Iceland, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Turkey and Russia — in the period between spring and autumn, during which clocks are advanced by one hour from the time observed in the rest of the year, in order to make the most efficient use of seasonal daylight.", "Summer Time in Europe __knowledge__ It corresponds to the notion and practice of \"daylight saving time\" to be found in many other parts of the world.", "Summer Time in Europe __knowledge__ European Summer Time is observed across three time zones, beginning at 01:00 UTC/WET (02:00 CET, 03:00 EET) on the last Sunday in March and ending at 01:00 UTC (02:00 WEST, 03:00 CEST, 04:00 EEST) on the last Sunday in October each year.", "British Summer Time __knowledge__ During British Summer Time (BST), civil time in the United Kingdom, Ireland and Portugal is advanced one hour forward of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) (in effect, changing the time zone from UTC+0 to UTC+1), so that evenings have more daylight and mornings have less.", "British Summer Time __knowledge__ BST begins at 01:00 GMT on the last Sunday of March and ends at 01:00 GMT (02:00 BST) on the last Sunday of October.", "British Summer Time __knowledge__ Since 22 October 1995, the starting and finishing times of daylight saving time across the European Union have been aligned – for instance Central European Summer Time begins and ends on the same Sundays at exactly the same time (that is, 02:00 CET, which is 01:00 GMT).", "Daylight saving time __knowledge__ Daylight saving time (abbreviated DST), commonly referred to as daylight savings time in speech, and known as summer time in some countries, is the practice of advancing clocks during summer months so that evening daylight lasts longer, while sacrificing normal sunrise times.", "Daylight saving time __knowledge__ Typically, regions that use daylight saving time adjust clocks forward one hour close to the start of spring and adjust them backward in the autumn to standard time.", "Daylight saving time __knowledge__ George Hudson proposed the idea of daylight saving in 1895.", "Daylight saving time __knowledge__ The German Empire and Austria-Hungary organized the first nationwide implementation, starting on April 30, 1916.", "Time in Ireland __knowledge__ The Republic of Ireland uses Irish Standard Time (IST, ; ) in the summer months and Greenwich Mean Time (UTC+0; \"Meán-Am Greenwich\") in the winter period.", "Time in Ireland __knowledge__ In the Republic of Ireland, the Standard Time Act 1968 legally established that \"the time for general purposes in the State (to be known as standard time) shall be one hour in advance of Greenwich mean time throughout the year\".", "Time in Ireland __knowledge__ This act was amended by the Standard Time (Amendment) Act 1971, which legally established Greenwich Mean Time as a winter time period.", "Time in Ireland __knowledge__ Ireland therefore operates one hour behind standard time during the winter period, and reverts to standard time in the summer months.", "Time in France __knowledge__ Metropolitan France uses Central European Time (\"heure d'Europe centrale\", \"HEC\": ) and Central European Summer Time (\"heure d'été d'Europe centrale\": ).", "Time in France __knowledge__ Daylight saving time is observed in Metropolitan France from the last Sunday in March (02:00 CET) to the last Sunday in October (03:00 CEST).", "Time in France __knowledge__ With its overseas territories, France uses 12 different time zones, more than any other country in the world.", "Time in France __knowledge__ The overseas territories of France use different timezones.", "Time in France __knowledge__ Before 1891, each town and city in Metropolitan France had its own time based on local solar time.", "Time in France __knowledge__ In 1891, to avoid complications with railway timetables, time was unified in Metropolitan France and based on the solar time of Paris.", "Daylight saving time in Egypt __knowledge__ The history of daylight saving time in Egypt is complicated.", "Daylight saving time in Egypt __knowledge__ It was cancelled in both 2015 and 2016, after having been abolished and reinstated several times.", "Daylight saving time in Egypt __knowledge__ The British first instituted summer time in Egypt in 1940, during the Second World War.", "Daylight saving time in Egypt __knowledge__ The practice was stopped after 1945, but resumed 12 years later, in 1957.", "Daylight saving time in Egypt __knowledge__ Before the revolution in January 2011, the government was planning to take a decision to abolish summer time in 2011 before President Hosni Mubarak's term expires in September 2011.", "Daylight saving time in Egypt __knowledge__ The transitional government did so on 20 April 2011.", "Daylight saving time in Egypt __knowledge__ Under the pretext that daylight saving time would save energy, the Egyptian government decided on 7 May 2014 to reinstate summer time with an exception for the holy month of Ramadan.", "Time in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The United Kingdom uses Greenwich Mean Time or Western European Time (UTC) and British Summer Time or Western European Summer Time ().", "Time in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Until the advent of the railways, the United Kingdom used Local Mean Time.", "Time in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Greenwich Mean Time was adopted first by the Great Western Railway in 1840 and a few others followed suit in the following years.", "Time in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ In 1847 it was adopted by the Railway Clearing House, and by almost all railway companies by the following year.", "Time in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ It was from this initiative that the term \"railway time\" was derived.", "Time in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ It was gradually adopted for other purposes, but a legal case in 1858 held \"local mean time\" to be the official time.", "Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016 __knowledge__ The 2016 Republican Party presidential primaries and caucuses were a series of electoral contests taking place within all 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, and five U.S. territories, occurring between February 1 and June 7.", "Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016 __knowledge__ Sanctioned by the Republican Party, these elections are designed to select the 2,472 delegates to send to the Republican National Convention, who selected the Republican Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election, Donald Trump.", "Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016 __knowledge__ The delegates also approved the party platform and vice-presidential nominee.", "Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016 __knowledge__ A total of 17 major candidates entered the race starting March 23, 2015, when Senator Ted Cruz of Texas was the first to formally announce his candidacy: he was followed by former Governor Jeb Bush of Florida, retired neurosurgeon Ben Carson of Florida, Governor Chris Christie of New Jersey, businesswoman Carly Fiorina of Virginia, former Governor Jim Gilmore of Virginia, Senator Lindsey Graham of South Carolina, former Governor Mike Huckabee of Arkansas, outgoing Governor Bobby Jindal of Louisiana, Governor John Kasich of Ohio, former Governor George Pataki of New York, Senator Rand Paul of Kentucky, former Governor Rick Perry of Texas, Senator Marco Rubio of Florida, former Senator Rick Santorum of Pennsylvania, businessman Donald Trump of New York and Governor Scott Walker of Wisconsin.", "United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ The United States presidential election of 2016 was the 58th quadrennial American presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016.", "United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ In a surprise victory, the Republican ticket of businessman Donald Trump and Indiana Governor Mike Pence defeated the Democratic ticket of former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and U.S.", "United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ Senator from Virginia Tim Kaine.", "United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ Trump took office as the 45th President, and Pence as the 48th Vice President, on January 20, 2017.", "United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ Incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama was ineligible to be elected to a third term due to the term limits established by the 22nd Amendment.", "United States presidential election, 2008 __knowledge__ The United States presidential election of 2008 was the 56th quadrennial presidential election.", "United States presidential election, 2008 __knowledge__ It was held on Tuesday, November 4, 2008.", "United States presidential election, 2008 __knowledge__ The Democratic ticket of Barack Obama, a Senator from Illinois, and Joe Biden, a long-time Senator from Delaware, defeated the Republican ticket of Senator John McCain of Arizona and Governor Sarah Palin of Alaska.", "United States presidential election, 2008 __knowledge__ Obama became the first African American ever to be elected as president, and Joe Biden became the first Catholic to ever be elected as vice president.", "United States presidential election, 2008 __knowledge__ The incumbent Republican president, George W. Bush, was ineligible to be elected to a third term due to the term limits established by the 22nd Amendment.", "Maine Black Bears men's ice hockey __knowledge__ The Maine Black Bears men's ice hockey team is a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college ice hockey program that represents the University of Maine.", "Maine Black Bears men's ice hockey __knowledge__ The Black Bears are a member of Hockey East.", "Maine Black Bears men's ice hockey __knowledge__ They play at the Harold Alfond Sports Arena—commonly known as Alfond Arena or \"The Alfond\"—in Orono, Maine.", "Maine Black Bears men's ice hockey __knowledge__ The Black Bears have appeared in eleven Frozen Fours, have a 28–18 record in NCAA Tournament games, and have won two national championships—in 1993 and 1999.", "Maine Black Bears men's ice hockey __knowledge__ The University of Maine, then known as the University of Maine at Orono, officially developed an NCAA sanctioned men's ice hockey program in 1977.", "Nonadmitted and Reinsurance Reform Act of 2010 __knowledge__ On July 21, 2010, President Barack Obama signed into law the federal Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (\"Dodd-Frank\"), which contains the Nonadmitted and Reinsurance Reform Act of 2010 (\"NRRA\").", "Nonadmitted and Reinsurance Reform Act of 2010 __knowledge__ The NRRA applies to nonadmitted insurance, which includes surplus line insurance and directly-procured insurance, and to reinsurance.", "Nonadmitted and Reinsurance Reform Act of 2010 __knowledge__ The NRRA took effect on July 21, 2011 and generally provides that the placement of nonadmitted insurance will be subject solely to the statutory and regulatory requirements of an insured's home state, and that no state, other than an insured's home state, may require a surplus lines broker to be licensed to sell, solicit, or negotiate nonadmitted insurance with respect to the insured.", "Plymouth Colony __knowledge__ Plymouth Colony (sometimes New Plymouth) was an English colonial venture in North America from 1620 to 1691.", "Plymouth Colony __knowledge__ The first settlement of the Plymouth Colony was at New Plymouth, a location previously surveyed and named by Captain John Smith.", "Plymouth Colony __knowledge__ The settlement served as the capital of the colony and developed as the modern town of Plymouth, Massachusetts.", "Plymouth Colony __knowledge__ At its height, Plymouth Colony occupied most of the southeastern portion of the modern state of Massachusetts.", "Plymouth Colony __knowledge__ Plymouth Colony was founded by a group of Puritan Separatists initially known as the Brownist Emigration, who came to be known as the Pilgrims." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5, 6, 8 ]

[ "I like him too. He American and was born in 1947 and writes horror, supernatural fiction, science fiction, fantasy and suspense.", "He has sold more than 350 million copies of his books a lot of which were made into movies.", "One of my favorite books was \"Rita Hayworth and the Shawshank Redemption\" which later became the movie.", "A lot of his stores are actually set in Maine, his home state.", "His father, Donald King was a merchant seaman." ]

[ "Stephen King", "Stephen King", "Stephen King", "Stephen King", "Stephen King" ]

[ "Netflix\nI love watching shows on Netflix. Are you a subscriber?", "Me too! I love to binge watch shows, especially their original programming.", "I haven't used the mail service in years either! lol It's all about streaming now!", "They are definitely an evolving company and seem to be ahead of the curve on the newest trends." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix is an American entertainment company founded by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph on August 29, 1997, in Scotts Valley, California.", "Netflix __knowledge__ It specializes in and provides streaming media and video-on-demand online and DVD by mail.", "Netflix __knowledge__ In 2013, Netflix expanded into film and television production as well as online distribution.", "Netflix __knowledge__ It is headquartered in Los Gatos, California.", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix's initial business model included DVD sales and rental, although Hastings jettisoned DVD sales about a year after Netflix's founding to focus on the DVD rental by mail business.", "Netflix __knowledge__ In 2007, Netflix expanded its business with the introduction of streaming media, while retaining the DVD and Blu-ray rental service.", "Netflix __knowledge__ The company expanded internationally, with streaming made available to Canada in 2010 and continued growing its streaming service from there; by January 2016, Netflix services operated in over 190 countries.", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix entered the content-production industry in 2013, debuting its first series, \"House of Cards\".", "Netflix __knowledge__ It has greatly expanded the production of both film and television series since then, offering \"Netflix Original\" content through its online library of films and television.", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix released an estimated 126 original series or films in 2016, more than any other network or cable channel.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ In broadcast television, cord-cutting refers to the pattern of viewers, referred to as cord cutters, cancelling their subscriptions to multichannel subscription television services available over cable, dropping pay television channels or reducing the number of hours of subscription TV viewed in response to competition from rival media available over the Internet such as Amazon Video, Hulu, iTunes, Netflix, Sling TV, and YouTube.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ This Internet content is either free or significantly cheaper than the same content provided via cable.", "Cord-cutting __knowledge__ As a market trend, a growing number of \"cord cutters\" do not pay for subscription television in favour of some combination of broadband Internet and IPTV, digital video recorders, digital terrestrial television and/or free-to-air satellite television broadcasts.", "International expansion of Netflix __knowledge__ The company began offering streaming service to the international market on September 22, 2010 to Canada.", "International expansion of Netflix __knowledge__ At the time, Canadians could subscribe to Netflix for $7.99 a month, a rate that CEO Hastings called, \"the lowest, most aggressive price we've ever had anywhere in the world.\"", "International expansion of Netflix __knowledge__ However, despite the proclaimed low price, content selection in Canada was extremely limited.", "International expansion of Netflix __knowledge__ In 2012, data conducted by Josh Loewen for Canadian Business Online found that in the United States there were 10,625 unique titles in Netflix's library, whereas in Canada there were only 2,647.", "International expansion of Netflix __knowledge__ This could be blamed on differences in distribution deals in the United States and Canada.", "Luke Cage (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of the American web television series \"Luke Cage\", which is based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name, follows a former convict with superhuman strength and unbreakable skin who fights crime in Harlem.", "Luke Cage (season 1) __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the films and other television series of the franchise.", "Luke Cage (season 1) __knowledge__ The season was produced by Marvel Television in association with ABC Studios, with Cheo Hodari Coker serving as showrunner.", "Luke Cage (season 1) __knowledge__ Mike Colter stars as Cage, reprising his role from the series \"Jessica Jones\".", "Luke Cage (season 1) __knowledge__ He is joined by principal cast members Mahershala Ali, Simone Missick, Theo Rossi, Erik LaRay Harvey, Rosario Dawson, and Alfre Woodard.", "The Defenders (miniseries) __knowledge__ Marvel's The Defenders, or simply The Defenders, is an American web television miniseries created by Douglas Petrie and Marco Ramirez for Netflix, based on the Marvel Comics characters Daredevil, Jessica Jones, Luke Cage and Iron Fist, who form the eponymous superhero team.", "The Defenders (miniseries) __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the films of the franchise and is the culmination of a series of interconnected shows from Marvel and Netflix.", "The Defenders (miniseries) __knowledge__ The miniseries is produced by Marvel Television in association with ABC Studios, Nine and a Half Fingers, Inc., and Goddard Textiles, with Ramirez serving as showrunner.", "Sense8 __knowledge__ Sense8 (a play on the word \"sensate\" ) is an American science fiction drama web television series created by Lana and Lilly Wachowski and J. Michael Straczynski for Netflix.", "Sense8 __knowledge__ The production companies behind \"Sense8\" include the Wachowskis' Anarchos Productions (replaced by Lana and her wife's Venus Castina Productions in the second season), Straczynski's Studio JMS, and Georgeville Television, with Unpronounceable Productions having been set up specifically for this show.", "Sense8 __knowledge__ The show's first season introduced a multinational ensemble cast, with Aml Ameen, Doona Bae, Jamie Clayton, Tina Desai, Tuppence Middleton, Max Riemelt, Miguel Ángel Silvestre and Brian J. Smith portraying eight strangers from different parts of the world who suddenly become \"sensates\"; human beings who are mentally and emotionally linked.", "Stranger Things __knowledge__ Stranger Things is an American science fiction-horror web television series created, written, directed and co-executive produced by The Duffer Brothers, as well as co-executive produced by Shawn Levy and Dan Cohen.", "Stranger Things __knowledge__ The first season, released in July 2016, stars Winona Ryder, David Harbour, Finn Wolfhard, Millie Bobby Brown, Gaten Matarazzo, Caleb McLaughlin, Natalia Dyer, Charlie Heaton, Cara Buono and Matthew Modine, with Noah Schnapp and Joe Keery in recurring roles.", "Stranger Things __knowledge__ For the second season, Schnapp and Keery were promoted to series regulars, along with the additions of Sadie Sink, Dacre Montgomery, Sean Astin and Paul Reiser." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix is an American entertainment company founded by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph on August 29, 1997, in Scotts Valley, California.", "Netflix __knowledge__ It specializes in and provides streaming media and video-on-demand online and DVD by mail.", "Netflix __knowledge__ In 2013, Netflix expanded into film and television production as well as online distribution.", "Netflix __knowledge__ It is headquartered in Los Gatos, California.", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix's initial business model included DVD sales and rental, although Hastings jettisoned DVD sales about a year after Netflix's founding to focus on the DVD rental by mail business.", "Netflix __knowledge__ In 2007, Netflix expanded its business with the introduction of streaming media, while retaining the DVD and Blu-ray rental service.", "Netflix __knowledge__ The company expanded internationally, with streaming made available to Canada in 2010 and continued growing its streaming service from there; by January 2016, Netflix services operated in over 190 countries.", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix entered the content-production industry in 2013, debuting its first series, \"House of Cards\".", "Netflix __knowledge__ It has greatly expanded the production of both film and television series since then, offering \"Netflix Original\" content through its online library of films and television.", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix released an estimated 126 original series or films in 2016, more than any other network or cable channel.", "HBO __knowledge__ Home Box Office (HBO) is an American premium cable and satellite television network that is owned by Time Warner through its respective flagship company Home Box Office, Inc.", "HBO __knowledge__ Programming featured on the network consists primarily of theatrically released motion pictures and original television series, along with made-for-cable movies and documentaries, boxing matches, and occasional stand-up comedy and concert specials.", "HBO __knowledge__ HBO is the oldest and longest continuously operating pay television service (basic or premium) in the United States, having been in operation since November 8, 1972.", "HBO __knowledge__ In 2016, HBO had an adjusted operating income of US$1.93 billion, compared to the US$1.88 billion it accrued in 2015.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ Binge drinking, or heavy episodic drinking, is a modern epithet for drinking alcoholic beverages with an intention of becoming intoxicated by heavy consumption of alcohol over a short period of time.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ Binge drinking is a style of drinking that is popular in several countries worldwide, and overlaps somewhat with social drinking since it is often done in groups.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ The degree of intoxication, however, varies between and within various cultures that engage in this practice.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ A binge on alcohol can occur over hours, last up to several days, or in the event of extended abuse, even weeks.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ Due to the long-term effects of alcohol misuse, binge drinking is considered to be a major public health issue.", "Genesis Survivor Gaiarth __knowledge__ The story begins with Ital in the care of an aging war-roid named Randis R. Khiezard.", "Genesis Survivor Gaiarth __knowledge__ Raised from childhood by the machine, he is under the impression that a war is still going on in the world around him.", "Genesis Survivor Gaiarth __knowledge__ Randis was once part of the imperial forces fighting against the republic, assigned to a distant outpost where he first found Ital.", "Genesis Survivor Gaiarth __knowledge__ In a skirmish, Randis lost his old human partner and was apparently assumed destroyed.", "Genesis Survivor Gaiarth __knowledge__ Left at his post, having no contact with the rest of the world, he raised Ital in isolation, and never heard of the end of the war.", "Genesis Survivor Gaiarth __knowledge__ Ital, now a teenager, has ambitions of becoming an imperial soldier and fighting the republic like his \"father\" Randis did.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ Television is one of the major mass media of the United States.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ , household ownership of television sets in the country is 96.7%, with approximately 114,200,000 American households owning at least one television set as of August 2013.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ The majority of households have more than one set.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ The peak ownership percentage of households with at least one television set occurred during the 1996–97 season, with 98.4% ownership.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ As a whole, the television networks that broadcast in the United States are the largest and most distributed in the world, and programs produced specifically for U.S.-based networks are the most widely syndicated internationally.", "Morris Ital __knowledge__ The Morris Ital is a medium-sized saloon car that was built by British Leyland (BL) from 1980 until 1984.", "Morris Ital __knowledge__ The Ital was given the design code ADO73 and was first launched on 1 July 1980.", "Morris Ital __knowledge__ It took its name from Giorgetto Giugiaro's ItalDesign studio, who had been employed by BL to manage the re-engineering of the Morris Marina, a car which had been produced by the company since 1971.", "Morris Ital __knowledge__ Although the redesigned car was named Ital after the design studio, it was actually Harris Mann who was responsible for the car's new look.", "Morris Ital __knowledge__ BL's advertising, however, emphasised the car's connection with the Italian styling house Italdesign, who had in fact merely produced the design.", "The WB __knowledge__ The WB Television Network (commonly shortened to The WB and short for Warner Bros.) is a defunct American television network that was first launched on broadcast television on January 11, 1995, as a joint venture between the Warner Bros. Entertainment division of Time Warner and the Tribune Broadcasting subsidiary of the Tribune Company, with the former acting as controlling partner.", "The WB __knowledge__ The network principally aired programs targeting teenagers and young adults between the ages of 13 and 34, with the exception of its weekday daytime and Saturday morning program block, Kids' WB, which was geared toward children ages 7 to 12.", "Legal issues and controversies surrounding Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix is an American global provider of streaming films and television series.", "Legal issues and controversies surrounding Netflix __knowledge__ Since its launch in 1998, it has been at the centre of numerous legal issues and controversies.", "Legal issues and controversies surrounding Netflix __knowledge__ In 2006, Netflix held the first Netflix Prize competition to find a better program to predict user preferences and beat its existing Netflix movie recommendation system, known as Cinematch, by at least 10%.", "Legal issues and controversies surrounding Netflix __knowledge__ CEO Hastings did not necessarily expect a lot of quick progress towards the prize, \"We thought we built the best darn thing ever.\"", "Legal issues and controversies surrounding Netflix __knowledge__ But by June 2007, Hastings said the competition is \"three-quarters of the way there in three-quarters of a year.\"", "Stranger Things __knowledge__ Stranger Things is an American science fiction-horror web television series created, written, directed and co-executive produced by The Duffer Brothers, as well as co-executive produced by Shawn Levy and Dan Cohen.", "Stranger Things __knowledge__ The first season, released in July 2016, stars Winona Ryder, David Harbour, Finn Wolfhard, Millie Bobby Brown, Gaten Matarazzo, Caleb McLaughlin, Natalia Dyer, Charlie Heaton, Cara Buono and Matthew Modine, with Noah Schnapp and Joe Keery in recurring roles.", "Stranger Things __knowledge__ For the second season, Schnapp and Keery were promoted to series regulars, along with the additions of Sadie Sink, Dacre Montgomery, Sean Astin and Paul Reiser.", "The Defenders (miniseries) __knowledge__ Marvel's The Defenders, or simply The Defenders, is an American web television miniseries created by Douglas Petrie and Marco Ramirez for Netflix, based on the Marvel Comics characters Daredevil, Jessica Jones, Luke Cage and Iron Fist, who form the eponymous superhero team.", "The Defenders (miniseries) __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the films of the franchise and is the culmination of a series of interconnected shows from Marvel and Netflix.", "The Defenders (miniseries) __knowledge__ The miniseries is produced by Marvel Television in association with ABC Studios, Nine and a Half Fingers, Inc., and Goddard Textiles, with Ramirez serving as showrunner.", "Sense8 __knowledge__ Sense8 (a play on the word \"sensate\" ) is an American science fiction drama web television series created by Lana and Lilly Wachowski and J. Michael Straczynski for Netflix.", "Sense8 __knowledge__ The production companies behind \"Sense8\" include the Wachowskis' Anarchos Productions (replaced by Lana and her wife's Venus Castina Productions in the second season), Straczynski's Studio JMS, and Georgeville Television, with Unpronounceable Productions having been set up specifically for this show.", "Sense8 __knowledge__ The show's first season introduced a multinational ensemble cast, with Aml Ameen, Doona Bae, Jamie Clayton, Tina Desai, Tuppence Middleton, Max Riemelt, Miguel Ángel Silvestre and Brian J. Smith portraying eight strangers from different parts of the world who suddenly become \"sensates\"; human beings who are mentally and emotionally linked.", "International expansion of Netflix __knowledge__ The company began offering streaming service to the international market on September 22, 2010 to Canada.", "International expansion of Netflix __knowledge__ At the time, Canadians could subscribe to Netflix for $7.99 a month, a rate that CEO Hastings called, \"the lowest, most aggressive price we've ever had anywhere in the world.\"", "International expansion of Netflix __knowledge__ However, despite the proclaimed low price, content selection in Canada was extremely limited.", "International expansion of Netflix __knowledge__ In 2012, data conducted by Josh Loewen for Canadian Business Online found that in the United States there were 10,625 unique titles in Netflix's library, whereas in Canada there were only 2,647.", "International expansion of Netflix __knowledge__ This could be blamed on differences in distribution deals in the United States and Canada.", "List of Netflix-compatible devices __knowledge__ Netflix is an American global provider of streaming movies and TV series.", "List of Netflix-compatible devices __knowledge__ This is a list of devices that are compatible with Netflix streaming services.", "List of Netflix-compatible devices __knowledge__ The devices featured in this list feature hardware that is compatible for streaming Netflix: Supported web browsers by platform: Other software options: At E3 2008, Microsoft announced a deal to distribute Netflix videos over Xbox Live.", "List of Netflix-compatible devices __knowledge__ This service was launched on November 19, 2008 to Xbox 360 owners with a Netflix Unlimited subscription and an Xbox Live Gold subscription allowing them to stream films and television shows directly from their Netflix Instant Queue from an application on the Dashboard." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix is an American entertainment company founded by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph on August 29, 1997, in Scotts Valley, California.", "Netflix __knowledge__ It specializes in and provides streaming media and video-on-demand online and DVD by mail.", "Netflix __knowledge__ In 2013, Netflix expanded into film and television production as well as online distribution.", "Netflix __knowledge__ It is headquartered in Los Gatos, California.", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix's initial business model included DVD sales and rental, although Hastings jettisoned DVD sales about a year after Netflix's founding to focus on the DVD rental by mail business.", "Netflix __knowledge__ In 2007, Netflix expanded its business with the introduction of streaming media, while retaining the DVD and Blu-ray rental service.", "Netflix __knowledge__ The company expanded internationally, with streaming made available to Canada in 2010 and continued growing its streaming service from there; by January 2016, Netflix services operated in over 190 countries.", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix entered the content-production industry in 2013, debuting its first series, \"House of Cards\".", "Netflix __knowledge__ It has greatly expanded the production of both film and television series since then, offering \"Netflix Original\" content through its online library of films and television.", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix released an estimated 126 original series or films in 2016, more than any other network or cable channel.", "History of the British Army postal service __knowledge__ The postal service of the British Army is today provided by the British Forces Post Office but its origins may be traced back to Saxon times.", "History of the British Army postal service __knowledge__ The origins of the BFPO can be traced back to Saxon times.", "History of the British Army postal service __knowledge__ The \"Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\" makes mention of messengers being sent by King Edward the Elder (899–924) to recall members of the Kent fyrd, but it is generally regarded that the origins of the postal services stem from the Kings Messengers (\"Nuncii et Cursores\") of medieval times.", "History of the British Army postal service __knowledge__ In particular the Royal Post established in the reign of King Edward IV (1461–83) to support his troops engaged in a war against Scotland.", "United States Postal Service __knowledge__ The United States Postal Service (USPS; also known as the Post Office, U.S. Mail, or Postal Service) is an independent agency of the United States federal government responsible for providing postal service in the United States, including its insular areas and associated states.", "United States Postal Service __knowledge__ It is one of the few government agencies explicitly authorized by the United States Constitution.", "United States Postal Service __knowledge__ The U.S. Mail traces its roots to 1775 during the Second Continental Congress, when Benjamin Franklin was appointed the first postmaster general.", "United States Postal Service __knowledge__ The Post Office Department was created in 1792 from Franklin's operation, elevated to a cabinet-level department in 1872, and transformed in 1971 into the U.S.", "Mail __knowledge__ The mail or post is a system for physically transporting postcards, letters, and parcels.", "Mail __knowledge__ A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems.", "Mail __knowledge__ Since the mid-19th century, national postal systems have generally been established as government monopolies with a fee on the article prepaid.", "Mail __knowledge__ Proof of payment is often in the form of adhesive postage stamps, but postage meters are also used for bulk mailing.", "Mail __knowledge__ Modern private postal systems are typically distinguished from national postal agencies by the names \"courier\" or \"delivery service\".", "Mail __knowledge__ Postal authorities often have functions other than transporting letters.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "Airmails of the United States __knowledge__ Airmails of the United States or U.S. Air Mail was a service class of the United States Post Office Department and its successor United States Postal Service delivering mail flown by aircraft within the United States and its possessions and territories.", "Airmails of the United States __knowledge__ Letters and parcels intended for air mail service were marked as \"Via Air Mail\" (or equivalent), appropriately franked, and assigned to any then existing class or sub-class of the Air Mail service.", "Airmails of the United States __knowledge__ After an intermittent series of government sponsored experimental flights between 1911 and 1918, domestic U.S. Air Mail was formally established as a new class of service by the Post Office Department on May 15, 1918, with the inauguration of the Washington–Philadelphia–New York route for which the first of special Air Mail stamps were issued.", "Railway post office __knowledge__ In the United States, a railway post office, commonly abbreviated as RPO, was a railroad car that was normally operated in passenger service as a means to sort mail en route, in order to speed delivery.", "Railway post office __knowledge__ The RPO was staffed by highly trained Railway Mail Service postal clerks, and was off-limits to the passengers on the train.", "Railway post office __knowledge__ In the UK and Ireland, the equivalent term was Travelling Post Office (TPO).", "Railway post office __knowledge__ From the middle of the 19th century, many American railroads earned substantial revenues through contracts with the U.S. Post Office Department (USPOD) to carry mail aboard high-speed passenger trains; and the Railway Mail Service enforced various standardized designs on RPOs.", "Blockbuster LLC __knowledge__ Blockbuster LLC (formerly Blockbuster Entertainment, Inc., also known as Blockbuster Video or just Blockbuster) was an American-based provider of home movie and video game rental services through video rental shops, DVD-by-mail, streaming, video on demand, and cinema theater.", "Blockbuster LLC __knowledge__ Blockbuster became internationally known throughout the 1990s.", "Blockbuster LLC __knowledge__ At its peak in 2004, Blockbuster employed 84,300 people worldwide, including about 58,500 in the United States and about 25,800 in other countries, and had 9,094 stores.", "Blockbuster LLC __knowledge__ Competition from the Netflix mail-order service, Redbox automated kiosks, and video on demand services were major factors in Blockbuster's eventual demise.", "Legal issues and controversies surrounding Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix is an American global provider of streaming films and television series.", "Legal issues and controversies surrounding Netflix __knowledge__ Since its launch in 1998, it has been at the centre of numerous legal issues and controversies.", "Legal issues and controversies surrounding Netflix __knowledge__ In 2006, Netflix held the first Netflix Prize competition to find a better program to predict user preferences and beat its existing Netflix movie recommendation system, known as Cinematch, by at least 10%.", "Legal issues and controversies surrounding Netflix __knowledge__ CEO Hastings did not necessarily expect a lot of quick progress towards the prize, \"We thought we built the best darn thing ever.\"", "Legal issues and controversies surrounding Netflix __knowledge__ But by June 2007, Hastings said the competition is \"three-quarters of the way there in three-quarters of a year.\"", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix is an American entertainment company founded by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph on August 29, 1997, in Scotts Valley, California.", "Netflix __knowledge__ It specializes in and provides streaming media and video-on-demand online and DVD by mail.", "Netflix __knowledge__ In 2013, Netflix expanded into film and television production as well as online distribution.", "Netflix __knowledge__ It is headquartered in Los Gatos, California.", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix's initial business model included DVD sales and rental, although Hastings jettisoned DVD sales about a year after Netflix's founding to focus on the DVD rental by mail business.", "Netflix __knowledge__ In 2007, Netflix expanded its business with the introduction of streaming media, while retaining the DVD and Blu-ray rental service.", "Netflix __knowledge__ The company expanded internationally, with streaming made available to Canada in 2010 and continued growing its streaming service from there; by January 2016, Netflix services operated in over 190 countries.", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix entered the content-production industry in 2013, debuting its first series, \"House of Cards\".", "Netflix __knowledge__ It has greatly expanded the production of both film and television series since then, offering \"Netflix Original\" content through its online library of films and television.", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix released an estimated 126 original series or films in 2016, more than any other network or cable channel.", "Wilhelm Reich __knowledge__ Wilhelm Reich (24 March 1897 – 3 November 1957) was an Austrian doctor of medicine and psychoanalyst, a member of the second generation of analysts after Sigmund Freud.", "Wilhelm Reich __knowledge__ The author of several influential books, most notably \"Character Analysis\" (1933), \"The Mass Psychology of Fascism\" (1933) and \"The Sexual Revolution\" (1936), Reich became known as one of the most radical figures in the history of psychiatry.", "Wilhelm Reich __knowledge__ Reich's work on character contributed to the development of Anna Freud's \"The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defence\" (1936), and his idea of muscular armour – the expression of the personality in the way the body moves – shaped innovations such as body psychotherapy, Gestalt therapy, bioenergetic analysis and primal therapy.", "Timo Pieni Huijaus __knowledge__ Timo Juhani Snellman (born June 2, 1982), professionally known as Timo Pieni Huijaus (\"Timo The Little Hoax\"), is a Finnish rapper.", "Timo Pieni Huijaus __knowledge__ Timo Pieni Huijaus comes from a family with musical background.", "Timo Pieni Huijaus __knowledge__ He has been inspired by hip hop music since the early 1990s, and in 1996, after getting his first computer, he started to create his own music.", "Timo Pieni Huijaus __knowledge__ At first he was touring with bands like Fintelligens and Kapasiteettiyksikkö, using a pseudonym Ii.", "Timo Pieni Huijaus __knowledge__ In addition to his musical career, he has also worked as a fashion designer and graphic designer.", "Timo Pieni Huijaus __knowledge__ Rähinä Records released a mixtape \"E.T.T.E.\"", "Timo Pieni Huijaus __knowledge__ by Timo Pieni Huijaus and Elastinen in 2006.", "Curve-shortening flow __knowledge__ In mathematics, the curve-shortening flow is a process that modifies a smooth curve in the Euclidean plane by moving its points perpendicularly to the curve at a speed proportional to the curvature.", "Curve-shortening flow __knowledge__ The curve-shortening flow is an example of a geometric flow, and is the one-dimensional case of the mean curvature flow.", "Curve-shortening flow __knowledge__ Other names for the same process include the Euclidean shortening flow, geometric heat flow, and arc length evolution.", "Curve-shortening flow __knowledge__ As the points of any smooth simple closed curve move in this way, the curve remains simple and smooth.", "Curve-shortening flow __knowledge__ It loses area at a constant rate, and its perimeter decreases as quickly as possible for any continuous curve evolution.", "Phillips curve __knowledge__ The Phillips curve is a single-equation empirical model, named after William Phillips, describing a historical inverse relationship between rates of unemployment and corresponding rates of rises in wages that result within an economy.", "Phillips curve __knowledge__ Stated simply, decreased unemployment, (i.e., increased levels of employment) in an economy will correlate with higher rates of wage rises.", "Phillips curve __knowledge__ Phillips did not himself state there was any relationship between unemployment and inflation, although this notion was subsequently made popular by Milton Friedman from 1967.", "Phillips curve __knowledge__ While there is a short run tradeoff between unemployment and inflation, it has not been observed in the long run.", "Customer relationship management __knowledge__ Customer relationship management (CRM) is an approach to manage a company's interaction with current and potential customers.", "Customer relationship management __knowledge__ It uses data analysis about customers' history with a company to improve business relationships with customers, specifically focusing on customer retention and ultimately driving sales growth.", "Customer relationship management __knowledge__ One important aspect of the CRM approach is the systems of CRM that compile data from a range of different communication channels, including a company's website, telephone, email, live chat, marketing materials, and more recently, social media.", "Customer relationship management __knowledge__ Through the CRM approach and the systems used to facilitate it, businesses learn more about their target audiences and how to best cater to their needs.", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ A touchpoint can be defined as any way a consumer can interact with a business, whether it be person-to-person, through a website, an app or any form of communication (“Touchpoint Glossary”, n.d.).", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ When consumers come in contact with these touchpoints it gives them the opportunity to compare their prior perceptions of the business and form an opinion (Stein, & Ramaseshan, 2016).", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ Touchpoints in marketing communications are the varying ways that a brand interacts and displays information to prospective customers and current customers.", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ Touchpoints allow customers to have experiences every time they “touch’ any part of the product, service, brand or organization, across multiple channels and various points in time (Pantano and Milena, 2015 and Zomerdijk and Voss, 2010).", "Wayne Enterprises __knowledge__ Wayne Enterprises, Inc., also known as WayneCorp, is a fictional company appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly in association with the superhero Batman.", "Wayne Enterprises __knowledge__ The American diversified multinational conglomerate is owned and chaired by Bruce Wayne, who is also Batman.", "Wayne Enterprises __knowledge__ Wayne Enterprises is a green company based out of Gotham City and headquartered in Wayne Tower.", "Wayne Enterprises __knowledge__ Wayne Enterprises and the Wayne Foundation are largely run by Bruce Wayne's business manager Lucius Fox.", "Wayne Enterprises __knowledge__ Fox makes most company decisions on Bruce Wayne's behalf, since Wayne's time is largely occupied as the vigilante Batman.", "American Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ The American Broadcasting Company (ABC) is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of Disney–ABC Television Group, a subsidiary of the Disney Media Networks division of The Walt Disney Company.", "American Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan, New York City.", "American Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ There are additional major offices and production facilities elsewhere in New York City, as well as in Los Angeles and Burbank, California.", "American Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ Since 2007, when ABC Radio (also known as Cumulus Media Networks) was sold to Citadel Broadcasting, ABC has reduced its broadcasting operations almost exclusively to television.", "Streaming media __knowledge__ Streaming media is multimedia that is constantly received by and presented to an end-user while being delivered by a provider.", "Streaming media __knowledge__ The verb \"to stream\" refers to the process of delivering or obtaining media in this manner; the term refers to the delivery method of the medium, rather than the medium itself, and is an alternative to file downloading, a process in which the end-user obtains the entire file for the content before watching or listening to it.", "Streaming media __knowledge__ A client end-user can use their media player to start playing the data file (such as a digital file of a movie or song) before the entire file has been transmitted.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Proposition 218 was an adopted initiative constitutional amendment in the state of California on the November 5, 1996 statewide election ballot.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Proposition 218 revolutionized local and regional government finance in California.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Called the “Right to Vote on Taxes Act,” Proposition 218 was sponsored by the Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association as a constitutional follow-up to the landmark property tax revolt initiative constitutional amendment, Proposition 13, approved by California voters on June 6, 1978.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Proposition 218 was drafted by constitutional attorneys Jonathan Coupal and Jack Cohen.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Proposition 218 amended the California Constitution by adding Article XIII C and Article XIII D. Article XIII C relates to voter approval requirements for local government taxes.", "Kodi (software) __knowledge__ Kodi (formerly XBMC) is a free and open-source media player software application developed by the XBMC Foundation, a non-profit technology consortium.", "Kodi (software) __knowledge__ Kodi is available for multiple operating systems and hardware platforms, with a software 10-foot user interface for use with televisions and remote controls.", "Kodi (software) __knowledge__ It allows users to play and view most streaming media, such as videos, music, podcasts, and videos from the Internet, as well as all common digital media files from local and network storage media.", "Kodi (software) __knowledge__ It is a multi-platform home-theater PC (HTPC) application.", "Kodi (software) __knowledge__ Kodi is highly customizable: a variety of skins can change its appearance, and various plug-ins allow users to access streaming media content via online services such as Amazon Prime Instant Video, Crackle, Pandora Internet Radio, Rhapsody, Spotify, and YouTube.", "Adaptive bitrate streaming __knowledge__ Adaptive bitrate streaming is a technique used in streaming multimedia over computer networks.", "Adaptive bitrate streaming __knowledge__ While in the past most video streaming technologies utilized streaming protocols such as RTP with RTSP, today's adaptive streaming technologies are almost exclusively based on HTTP and designed to work efficiently over large distributed HTTP networks such as the Internet.", "Adaptive bitrate streaming __knowledge__ It works by detecting a user's bandwidth and CPU capacity in real time and adjusting the quality of a video stream accordingly.", "Adaptive bitrate streaming __knowledge__ It requires the use of an encoder which can encode a single source video at multiple bit rates.", "Adaptive bitrate streaming __knowledge__ The player client switches between streaming the different encodings depending on available resources.", "Zettabyte Era __knowledge__ The Zettabyte Era is a broad concept that describes an age with an immense and ever-growing amount of digital data.", "Zettabyte Era __knowledge__ The Zettabyte Era does not have a universally accepted definition, but can be understood as a time-period whereby there is a large and continuous growth of data consumption, creation and replication.", "Zettabyte Era __knowledge__ The term zettabyte (ZB), in the Zettabyte Era, demonstrates the scale as to how much digital data exists in the world.", "Zettabyte Era __knowledge__ A zettabyte is a multiple of the unit byte that measures digital storage (1 zettabyte = 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 bytes).", "Zettabyte Era __knowledge__ There is no single date that marks the beginning of the Zettabyte Era." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 6 ]

[ "Netflix is one of the best american entertainment creations ever, I love netflix", "Crazy to think they were the big and upcoming thing to battle blockbuster as a video/dvd mailing service, I havent used that part of netflix in nearly a decade", "Yep in a span of like 5 years they went from dvd mailing, to video streaming, to film and television production", "I remember when netflix first expanded into streaming over 10 years ago and it was just a few bad movies and such" ]

[ "Netflix", "Netflix", "Netflix", "Netflix" ]

[ "Telenovela", "soap operas seem so bad to me.", "thats a weird name for it to have.", "longer in season or episode length?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Telenovela __knowledge__ A telenovela ( or ; , ), ) is a type of limited-run television serial drama or soap opera produced primarily in Latin America.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ The word combines \"tele\", short for \"televisión\" or \"televisão\" (Spanish and Portuguese words for \"television\"), and \"novela\", a Spanish and Portuguese word for \"novel\".", "Telenovela __knowledge__ Similar genres around the world include teleserye (Philippines), téléroman (Canada, specifically Quebec), or simply dramas (Asia and the rest of the Arab World).", "Telenovela __knowledge__ In Spain, they are also called \"culebrones\" (\"long snakes\") because of the convoluted plots.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ Commonly described using the American colloquialism Spanish soap opera, many telenovelas share some stylistic and thematic similarities to the soap opera familiar to the English-speaking world.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ The significant difference is their series run length; telenovelas tell one self-contained story, typically within the span of a year or less whereas soap operas tend to have intertwined storylines told during indefinite, continuing runs.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ This makes them shorter than most other television series, but still much longer than a miniseries.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ This planned run results in a faster-paced, more concise style of melodrama compared to a typical soap opera.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ Episodes of telenovelas usually last between 30 and 45 minutes, and rarely more than an hour, except for final episodes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Telenovela __knowledge__ A telenovela ( or ; , ), ) is a type of limited-run television serial drama or soap opera produced primarily in Latin America.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ The word combines \"tele\", short for \"televisión\" or \"televisão\" (Spanish and Portuguese words for \"television\"), and \"novela\", a Spanish and Portuguese word for \"novel\".", "Telenovela __knowledge__ Similar genres around the world include teleserye (Philippines), téléroman (Canada, specifically Quebec), or simply dramas (Asia and the rest of the Arab World).", "Telenovela __knowledge__ In Spain, they are also called \"culebrones\" (\"long snakes\") because of the convoluted plots.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ Commonly described using the American colloquialism Spanish soap opera, many telenovelas share some stylistic and thematic similarities to the soap opera familiar to the English-speaking world.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ The significant difference is their series run length; telenovelas tell one self-contained story, typically within the span of a year or less whereas soap operas tend to have intertwined storylines told during indefinite, continuing runs.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ This makes them shorter than most other television series, but still much longer than a miniseries.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ This planned run results in a faster-paced, more concise style of melodrama compared to a typical soap opera.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ Episodes of telenovelas usually last between 30 and 45 minutes, and rarely more than an hour, except for final episodes.", "Soap opera __knowledge__ A soap opera or soap, is a serial drama on television or radio that examines the lives of many characters, usually focusing on emotional relationships to the point of melodrama.", "Soap opera __knowledge__ The term \"soap opera\" originated from such dramas in the past being typically sponsored by soap manufacturers.", "Soap opera __knowledge__ The first serial considered to be a \"soap opera\" was \"Painted Dreams\", which debuted on October 20, 1930 on Chicago radio station WGN.", "Soap opera __knowledge__ Early radio series such as \"Painted Dreams\" were broadcast in weekday daytime slots, usually five days a week, when most of the listeners would be housewives; thus, the shows were aimed at and consumed by a predominantly female audience.", "Thai television soap opera __knowledge__ Soap operas are a popular genre of Thai television.", "Thai television soap opera __knowledge__ They are known in Thai as (, lit.", "Thai television soap opera __knowledge__ \"television drama\") or (\"lakhon\", , or \"lakorn\").", "Thai television soap opera __knowledge__ They are shown generally at prime-time on Thai television channels, starting at 20:30.", "Thai television soap opera __knowledge__ (on Friday nights the lakhorns is interrupted, or broadcast on delay, due to simulcast of The Government-required Weekly Address by the Prime Minister of Thailand that begun after 2014 Thai coup d'état the lakhorns resumed already in progress after Weekly Address is ended on 21:00 or 20:50 or later in some nights) An episode of a prime-time drama is two hours long including commercials.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Thomas Todd Manning is a fictional character from the American daytime drama \"One Life to Live\" (\"OLTL\").", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Created by writer Michael Malone, the role was originated in 1992 by actor Roger Howarth.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Todd was a college student and fraternity brother to Kevin Buchanan, Zach Rosen, and Powell Lord.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ In 1993, following a storyline in which he becomes acquainted with Marty Saybrooke, he initiates a gang rape on her with the help of Zach and Powell.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ The storyline was considered groundbreaking by television critics.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Its main players—Howarth, Susan Haskell (Marty), and Hillary B. Smith (Todd's lawyer Nora Hanen)—won Emmys in 1994, as did Malone and his writing team.", "Indian soap opera __knowledge__ Indian soap operas or Indian serials are soap operas written, produced and filmed in India, with characters played by Indians and episodes broadcast on Indian television.", "Indian soap opera __knowledge__ Unlike the season based production in most countries, most of Indian television fiction tends to be regular-broadcasting soap opera.", "Indian soap opera __knowledge__ These started in the late 1990s, as more and more people began to purchase television sets.", "Indian soap opera __knowledge__ At the beginning of the 21st century, soap operas became an integral part of Indian culture.", "Indian soap opera __knowledge__ Indian soap operas mostly concentrate and revolves around women and show the conflict between love and arranged marriages, family relations and the problems faced by women in India and many includes family melodrama.", "Supercouple __knowledge__ A supercouple or super couple (also known as a power couple) is a popular or wealthy pairing that intrigues and fascinates the public in an intense or obsessive fashion.", "Supercouple __knowledge__ The term originated in the United States, and was coined in the early 1980s when intense public interest in fictional soap opera couple Luke Spencer and Laura Webber, from \"General Hospital\", made the pair a popular culture phenomenon.", "Supercouple __knowledge__ The term \"supercouple\" typically refers to fictional couples from television dramas and film, such as \"Gone with the Wind\"s Rhett Butler and Scarlett O'Hara.", "Supercouple __knowledge__ With regard to real-life pairings, tabloids and the mainstream media have focused on wealthy or popular celebrity couples, and have titled them supercouples or power couples.", "One Life to Live __knowledge__ One Life to Live (often abbreviated as OLTL) is an American soap opera broadcast on the ABC television network for more than 43 years, from July 15, 1968, to January 13, 2012, and then on the internet as a web series on Hulu and iTunes via The Online Network from April 29 to August 19, 2013.", "One Life to Live __knowledge__ Created by Agnes Nixon, the series was the first daytime drama to primarily feature ethnically and socioeconomically diverse characters and consistently emphasize social issues.", "One Life to Live __knowledge__ \"One Life to Live\" was expanded from 30 minutes to 45 minutes on July 26, 1976, and then to an hour on January 16, 1978.", "One Life to Live __knowledge__ \"One Life to Live\" heavily focuses on the members and relationships of the Lord family.", "Glenroe __knowledge__ Glenroe was a television drama series broadcast on RTÉ One in Ireland between September 1983, when the first episode was aired, and May 2001, when the last episode went out on Sunday evening television in Ireland.", "Glenroe __knowledge__ A spin-off from \"Bracken\" — a short-lived RTÉ drama itself spun off from \"The Riordans\" — \"Glenroe\" was broadcast, generally from September to May, each Sunday night at 8:30 pm.", "Glenroe __knowledge__ It was created, and written for much of its run, by Wesley Burrowes, and later by various other directors and producers including Paul Cusack, Alan Robinson and Tommy McCardle.", "Glenroe __knowledge__ Glenroe was the first show to be subtitled by RTÉ, with a broadcast in 1991 starting the station's subtitling policy.", "List of soap operas with LGBT characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of soap operas which feature lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (\"LGBT\") characters, sorted alphabetically.", "List of soap operas with LGBT characters __knowledge__ \"All My Children\" is an American television soap opera broadcast by the American Broadcasting Company, which aired between January 1970 and September 2011.", "List of soap operas with LGBT characters __knowledge__ \"Amar en Tiempos Revueltos\" is a Spanish soap opera broadcast by Televisão Independente between 2005 and 2012.", "List of soap operas with LGBT characters __knowledge__ \"América\" is a Brazilian telenovela broadcast by Rede Globo between March 2005 and November 2005.", "List of soap operas with LGBT characters __knowledge__ \"Antes muerta que Lichita\" is a Mexican telenovela broadcast by Canal de las Estrellas, which aired between August 2015 and February 2016.", "Lucía Méndez __knowledge__ Lucía Leticia Méndez Pérez (born January 26, 1955) is a Mexican born telenovela and film actress, top model and singer.", "Lucía Méndez __knowledge__ Méndez was born January 26, 1955 in León, Guanajuato, Mexico.", "Lucía Méndez __knowledge__ She began her career in 1972 when a very important newspaper from Mexico City \"El Heraldo\" launched her as \"El Rostro\" meaning \"the face\", she won this title; she also appeared in an uncredited role in a film named \"Vuelven los campeones justicieros\" also known in the USA as \"The Champion Five Return\".", "Lucía Méndez __knowledge__ While she would appear in a handful of films throughout the seventies, including \"The Children of Sanchez\" (1978), with the Mexican legends Anthony Quinn and Dolores del Río, Mendez truly came into her own in Mexican television starting with a small part in \"Muchacha italiana viene a casarse\" (1971) with Angelica María.", "Kimberly Dos Ramos __knowledge__ Kimberly Dos Ramos De Sousa (born April 15, 1992) is an actress, entertainer, model, and singer from Venezuela.", "Kimberly Dos Ramos __knowledge__ The actress began her career in commercials and promotions on the Venezuelan television station Radio Caracas Television (RCTV com abbreviated acronym).", "Kimberly Dos Ramos __knowledge__ She then acted in telenovelas in starring roles on RCTV International such as \"Eugenia Alcoy Del Casal\" on \"La Trepadora\", and as \"Karen Montero\" on \"Que el Cielo Me Explique\".", "Kimberly Dos Ramos __knowledge__ She was later known throughout all of Latin America as \"Matilda Roman\" in the Nickelodeon television series \"Grachi\" with her best friend Maria Gabriela de faria.", "Arturo Peniche __knowledge__ Arturo Peniche (born Arturo Peniche Suárez on May 17, 1962 in Mexico City, Mexico) is a Mexican telenovela actor who became popular in Latin America during the 1990s.", "Arturo Peniche __knowledge__ He is the brother of actor Flavio Peniche, who appears in the telenovela \"La Traición\".", "Arturo Peniche __knowledge__ Peniche struggled as an actor for many years before reaching stardom.", "Arturo Peniche __knowledge__ Although he graduated from the famous Televisa school of actors, he found himself competing against other actors such as Guillermo Capetillo, Andrés García, Jaime Garza and Salvador Pineda, among others.", "Arturo Peniche __knowledge__ Peniche acted in several commercials during that period, experience that would later on help him land top roles at Televisa's telenovelas." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Telenovela __knowledge__ A telenovela ( or ; , ), ) is a type of limited-run television serial drama or soap opera produced primarily in Latin America.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ The word combines \"tele\", short for \"televisión\" or \"televisão\" (Spanish and Portuguese words for \"television\"), and \"novela\", a Spanish and Portuguese word for \"novel\".", "Telenovela __knowledge__ Similar genres around the world include teleserye (Philippines), téléroman (Canada, specifically Quebec), or simply dramas (Asia and the rest of the Arab World).", "Telenovela __knowledge__ In Spain, they are also called \"culebrones\" (\"long snakes\") because of the convoluted plots.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ Commonly described using the American colloquialism Spanish soap opera, many telenovelas share some stylistic and thematic similarities to the soap opera familiar to the English-speaking world.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ The significant difference is their series run length; telenovelas tell one self-contained story, typically within the span of a year or less whereas soap operas tend to have intertwined storylines told during indefinite, continuing runs.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ This makes them shorter than most other television series, but still much longer than a miniseries.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ This planned run results in a faster-paced, more concise style of melodrama compared to a typical soap opera.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ Episodes of telenovelas usually last between 30 and 45 minutes, and rarely more than an hour, except for final episodes.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ Weird Tales is an American fantasy and horror fiction pulp magazine founded by J. C. Henneberger and J. M. Lansinger in March 1923.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The first editor, Edwin Baird, printed early work by H. P. Lovecraft, Seabury Quinn, and Clark Ashton Smith, all of whom would go on to be popular writers, but within a year the magazine was in financial trouble.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ Henneberger sold his interest in the publisher, Rural Publishing Corporation, to Lansinger and refinanced \"Weird Tales\", with Farnsworth Wright as the new editor.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The first issue under Wright's control was dated November 1924.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The magazine was more successful under Wright, and despite occasional financial setbacks it prospered over the next fifteen years.", "Effects of Hurricane Mitch in Honduras __knowledge__ The effects of Hurricane Mitch in Honduras included the worst flooding in Honduras in the 20th century.", "Effects of Hurricane Mitch in Honduras __knowledge__ Hurricane Mitch, the strongest storm of the 1998 Atlantic hurricane season, formed on October 22, and after becoming a Category 5 hurricane, it weakened and struck Honduras on October 29.", "Effects of Hurricane Mitch in Honduras __knowledge__ While near peak intensity, Mitch struck the offshore Guanaja island, where it nearly destroyed the mangrove forest.", "Effects of Hurricane Mitch in Honduras __knowledge__ On the mainland, the hurricane dropped torrential rainfall, and many gauges were washed away in mountainous areas where unofficial rainfall totals were as high as 1900 mm (75 in).", "Effects of Hurricane Mitch in Honduras __knowledge__ The highest official total was at Choluteca in southern Honduras, which was more than half of the annual precipitation average there.", "Sto Para Pente __knowledge__ In the nick of time (Greek: ; \"\"Sto Para Pente\"\") was a popular Greek comedy-drama television series which was broadcast on Mega Channel for two seasons, from September 27, 2005 until June 18, 2007.", "Sto Para Pente __knowledge__ The script was written by Giorgos Kapoutzidis, who had also written the successful Greek TV series, \"Savvatogenimenes\", that aired on that same network for the 2003-2004 season.", "Sto Para Pente __knowledge__ The director was Antonis Aggelopoulos.", "Sto Para Pente __knowledge__ Being an instant critical and popular success, Sto Para Pente was the biggest television hit of both the 2005-2006 and the 2006-2007 seasons and is regarded as one of the most famed and successful shows in Greek television history.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "Space Race (Archer) __knowledge__ \"Space Race\" is the two-part season finale of the third season of the animated comedy series \"Archer\".", "Space Race (Archer) __knowledge__ It consists of the twelfth and thirteenth episodes of the season, which were initially broadcast in the United States on FX on March 15 and March 22, 2012, respectively.", "Space Race (Archer) __knowledge__ In the installment, Commander Anthony Drake (Bryan Cranston) urges the field agents of ISIS to travel onto the spacecraft \"Horizon\" to aid in ceasing any attacks.", "Space Race (Archer) __knowledge__ After entering and defeating the resistant \"mutineers\", the field agents are eventually kidnapped by Drake and his aggregation, whose real objective is to colonize and populate the humans on Mars.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ Alfred Matthew \"Weird Al\" Yankovic ( ; born October 23, 1959) is an American singer, songwriter, parodist, record producer, satirist, actor, voice actor, music video director, film producer, and author.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ He is known for his humorous songs that make light of popular culture and often parody specific songs by contemporary musical acts, original songs that are style pastiches of the work of other acts, and polka medleys of several popular songs, featuring his favored instrument, the accordion.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ Since his first-aired comedy song in 1976, he has sold more than 12 million albums (), recorded more than 150 parody and original songs, and has performed more than 1,000 live shows.", "Toad the Wet Sprocket __knowledge__ Toad the Wet Sprocket is an American alternative rock band formed in 1986.", "Toad the Wet Sprocket __knowledge__ The band consists of vocalist and guitarist Glen Phillips, guitarist Todd Nichols, bassist Dean Dinning, and drummer Randy Guss.", "Toad the Wet Sprocket __knowledge__ They had chart success in the 1990s with singles which included \"Walk on the Ocean\", \"All I Want\", \"Something's Always Wrong\", \"Fall Down\", and \"Good Intentions\".", "Toad the Wet Sprocket __knowledge__ The band broke up in 1998 to pursue other projects but in 2006, began touring the United States as a band again for short run tours each summer in small venues.", "Toad the Wet Sprocket __knowledge__ In December 2010, the band announced their official reunion as a full-time working band and started writing songs for their first studio album of new material since their 1997 Columbia Records release, \"Coil\".", "Snake __knowledge__ Snakes are elongated, legless, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes.", "Snake __knowledge__ Like all squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales.", "Snake __knowledge__ Many species of snakes have skulls with several more joints than their lizard ancestors, enabling them to swallow prey much larger than their heads with their highly mobile jaws.", "Snake __knowledge__ To accommodate their narrow bodies, snakes' paired organs (such as kidneys) appear one in front of the other instead of side by side, and most have only one functional lung.", "Snake __knowledge__ Some species retain a pelvic girdle with a pair of vestigial claws on either side of the cloaca.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Snakes on a Plane __knowledge__ Snakes on a Plane is a 2006 American action thriller film directed by David R. Ellis and starring Samuel L. Jackson.", "Snakes on a Plane __knowledge__ It was released by New Line Cinema on August 18, 2006, in North America.", "Snakes on a Plane __knowledge__ The film was written by David Dalessandro, John Heffernan, and Sheldon Turner and follows the events of hundreds of snakes being released on a passenger plane in an attempt to kill a trial witness.", "Snakes on a Plane __knowledge__ The film gained a considerable amount of attention before its release, forming large fanbases online and becoming an Internet phenomenon, due to the film's title, casting, and premise.", "Snakes on a Plane __knowledge__ In response to the Internet fan base, New Line Cinema incorporated feedback from online users into its production, and added five days of reshooting.", "Snakebite __knowledge__ A snakebite is an injury caused by the bite of a snake, especially a venomous snake.", "Snakebite __knowledge__ A common symptom of a bite from a venomous snake is the presence of two puncture wounds from the animal's fangs.", "Snakebite __knowledge__ Sometimes venom injection from the bite may occur.", "Snakebite __knowledge__ This may result in redness, swelling, and severe pain at the area, which may take up to an hour to appear.", "Snakebite __knowledge__ Vomiting, trouble seeing, tingling of the limbs, and sweating may result.", "Snakebite __knowledge__ Most bites are on the hands or arms.", "Snakebite __knowledge__ Fear following a bite is common with symptoms of a racing heart and feeling faint.", "Snakebite __knowledge__ The venom may cause bleeding, kidney failure, a severe allergic reaction, tissue death around the bite, or breathing problems.", "Nagraj __knowledge__ Nagraj (\"\"Snake-King\"\") (नागराज in Devanagari script) is a fictional superhero appearing in Raj Comics.", "Nagraj __knowledge__ Created in the late 1980s by Sanjay Gupta, Nagraj has changed a lot in his 25 years in print, both in terms of looks as well as powers and abilities.", "Nagraj __knowledge__ The debut issue of Nagraj was written by Parshuram Sharma and illustrated by Sanjay ashtputre.After that Pratap Mullick illustrated the character for around 50 issues, ending in 1995.", "Nagraj __knowledge__ Since 1995, the illustration work of Nagraj has been taken over by artist and writer Anupam Sinha.", "Nagraj __knowledge__ The name Nagraj is derived from the word \"Nagaraja\"(Hindi:नागराजा ) which is itself made up of two words \"nāga\" (Hindi:नाग) and \"raja\" (Hindi:राजा) where the word \"nāga\" means snake and \"raja\" means king." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Telenovela __knowledge__ A telenovela ( or ; , ), ) is a type of limited-run television serial drama or soap opera produced primarily in Latin America.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ The word combines \"tele\", short for \"televisión\" or \"televisão\" (Spanish and Portuguese words for \"television\"), and \"novela\", a Spanish and Portuguese word for \"novel\".", "Telenovela __knowledge__ Similar genres around the world include teleserye (Philippines), téléroman (Canada, specifically Quebec), or simply dramas (Asia and the rest of the Arab World).", "Telenovela __knowledge__ In Spain, they are also called \"culebrones\" (\"long snakes\") because of the convoluted plots.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ Commonly described using the American colloquialism Spanish soap opera, many telenovelas share some stylistic and thematic similarities to the soap opera familiar to the English-speaking world.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ The significant difference is their series run length; telenovelas tell one self-contained story, typically within the span of a year or less whereas soap operas tend to have intertwined storylines told during indefinite, continuing runs.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ This makes them shorter than most other television series, but still much longer than a miniseries.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ This planned run results in a faster-paced, more concise style of melodrama compared to a typical soap opera.", "Telenovela __knowledge__ Episodes of telenovelas usually last between 30 and 45 minutes, and rarely more than an hour, except for final episodes.", "SpongeBob SquarePants (season 10) __knowledge__ The tenth season of the American animated television series \"SpongeBob SquarePants\", created by former marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg, began airing on Nickelodeon in the United States on October 15, 2016.", "SpongeBob SquarePants (season 10) __knowledge__ It finished airing in the US on December 2, 2017.", "SpongeBob SquarePants (season 10) __knowledge__ It opened with the episode \"Whirly Brains\", and concluded with \"The Incredible Shrinking Sponge\".", "SpongeBob SquarePants (season 10) __knowledge__ The series chronicles the exploits and adventures of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom.", "SpongeBob SquarePants (season 10) __knowledge__ The season was executive produced by series creator Hillenburg, and was the first season of the show not to involve long-time crew member and former showrunner Paul Tibbitt.", "Original video animation __knowledge__ , abbreviated as media (and sometimes as OAV, original animated video), are animated films and series made specially for release in home video formats without prior showings on television or in theatres, though the first part of an OVA series may be broadcast for promotional purposes.", "Original video animation __knowledge__ OVA titles were originally made available on VHS, later becoming more popular on LaserDisc and eventually DVD.", "Original video animation __knowledge__ Starting in 2008, the term OAD (original animation DVD) began to refer to DVD releases published bundled with their source-material manga.", "Original video animation __knowledge__ Like anime made for television broadcast, OVAs sub-divide into episodes.", "History of Doctor Who __knowledge__ Doctor Who is a British television science fiction series, produced and screened by the BBC on the BBC TV channel from 1963 to 1964, and on BBC1 (later BBC One) from 1964 to 1989 and since 2005.", "History of Doctor Who __knowledge__ A one-off television movie, co-produced with Universal Pictures and 20th Century Fox Television, was screened on the Fox Network in the United States in 1996.", "History of Doctor Who __knowledge__ In March 1962, Eric Maschwitz, the Assistant and Adviser to the Controller of Programmes at BBC Television, asked Donald Wilson, the Head of the Script Department, to have his department's Survey Group prepare a study on the feasibility of the BBC producing a new science fiction television series.", "Hokkaido University __knowledge__ , or , is a Japanese national university in Sapporo, Hokkaido.", "Hokkaido University __knowledge__ It is a member of the Imperial Universities, which were established to be the nation's finest institutes of higher education or research.", "Hokkaido University __knowledge__ It is located in downtown Sapporo, just north of Sapporo Station, and stretching approximately 2.4 kilometers northward.", "Hokkaido University __knowledge__ It is considered one of the top universities in Japan.", "Hokkaido University __knowledge__ Hokkaido University (Hokudai for short) was founded in 1876 as by William S. Clark with the help of five faculty members and a first class size of 24 students.", "Hokkaido University __knowledge__ In September 1907, set up the faculty of Agriculture in Sapporo.", "Total Drama All-Stars and Pahkitew Island __knowledge__ Total Drama All-Stars and Total Drama: Pahkitew Island are two 13-episode segments that both make up the fifth season of the Canadian animated television series, \"Total Drama\".", "Total Drama All-Stars and Pahkitew Island __knowledge__ The season was commissioned by Cartoon Network in October 2012, ordering 26 episodes.", "Total Drama All-Stars and Pahkitew Island __knowledge__ It is a sequel to \"Total Drama Island\", \"Total Drama Action\", \"Total Drama World Tour\", and \"\".", "Total Drama All-Stars and Pahkitew Island __knowledge__ The season was produced by Fresh TV and the Aboriginal Peoples Television Network and distributed by Cake Entertainment.", "Total Drama All-Stars and Pahkitew Island __knowledge__ Owing to the series' premise, the season presents itself as a parody of reality television series, such as \"Survivor\".", "Total Drama All-Stars and Pahkitew Island __knowledge__ The entire season first premiered in the United States starting on September 10, 2013 on Cartoon Network for the first part, with the second part premiering in the United States on July 7, 2014 for a two-week time period.", "Thunderbirds (TV series) __knowledge__ Thunderbirds is a British science-fiction television series created by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson, filmed by their production company AP Films (APF) and distributed by ITC Entertainment.", "Thunderbirds (TV series) __knowledge__ It was produced between 1964 and 1966 using a form of electronic marionette puppetry (dubbed \"Supermarionation\") combined with scale model special effects sequences.", "Thunderbirds (TV series) __knowledge__ Two series were filmed, comprising a total of 32 episodes.", "Thunderbirds (TV series) __knowledge__ Production ceased after Lew Grade, the Andersons' financial backer, failed in his efforts to sell the programme to American network television.", "Thunderbirds (TV series) __knowledge__ Set in the mid-2060s, \"Thunderbirds\" is a follow-up to the earlier Supermarionation productions \"Four Feather Falls\", \"Supercar\", \"Fireball XL5\" and \"Stingray\".", "All things __knowledge__ \"all things\" is the seventeenth episode of the seventh season of the American science fiction television series \"The X-Files\".", "All things __knowledge__ Written and directed by lead actress Gillian Anderson, it first aired on April 9, 2000, on the Fox network.", "All things __knowledge__ The episode is unconnected to the wider mythology of \"The X-Files\" and functions as a \"Monster-of-the-Week\" story.", "All things __knowledge__ Watched by 12.18 million people, the initial broadcast had a Nielsen household rating of 7.1.", "All things __knowledge__ The episode received mixed reviews from critics; many called the dialogue pretentious and criticized the characterization of Scully.", "All things __knowledge__ However, viewer response was generally positive.", "Australian Film Institute Television Awards __knowledge__ The Australian Film Institute Television Awards are annual awards presented for excellence in Australian television annually as part of the AFI Awards by the Australian Film Institute.", "Australian Film Institute Television Awards __knowledge__ The AFI Awards cover non-feature films, films, television, and special awards.", "Australian Film Institute Television Awards __knowledge__ The AFI Television Awards are made in various categories and this page serves as an index of the various TV awards.", "Australian Film Institute Television Awards __knowledge__ The Australian Film Institute Award for Best Telefeature, Mini Series or Short Run Series is an award that has been handed out to producers annually since 1986 by the Australian Film Institute.", "Australian Film Institute Television Awards __knowledge__ The Award was originally presented in two separate categories for \"Best Telefeature\" and \"Best Mini Series\" but in 1990 both categories were merged to form \"Best Television Mini Series or Telefeature\".", "Telemundo __knowledge__ Telemundo () is an American Spanish-language terrestrial television network owned by Comcast through the NBCUniversal division NBCUniversal Telemundo Enterprises.", "Telemundo __knowledge__ It is the second largest provider of Spanish-language content nationwide behind American competitor Univision, with programming syndicated worldwide to more than 100 countries in over 35 languages.", "Telemundo __knowledge__ The channel broadcasts programs and original content aimed at Hispanic and Latino American audiences in the United States and worldwide, consisting of telenovelas, sports, reality television, news programming, and films — either imported or Spanish-dubbed.", "Univision __knowledge__ Univision is an American Spanish-language broadcast television network that is owned by Univision Communications.", "Univision __knowledge__ The network's programming is aimed at Hispanic Americans and includes telenovelas and other drama series, sports, sitcoms, reality and variety series, news programming, and imported Spanish-language feature films.", "Univision __knowledge__ Univision is headquartered in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, and has its major studios, production facilities, and business operations based in Doral, Florida (near Miami).", "Univision __knowledge__ Univision is available on cable and satellite television throughout most of the United States, with local stations in over 60 markets with large Hispanic and Latino populations.", "Al Weaver __knowledge__ Alex \"Al\" Weaver is an English actor and writer.", "Al Weaver __knowledge__ Weaver was born in 1981 on the 3rd of January in Bolton, England.", "Al Weaver __knowledge__ He went to Rivington and Blackrod High School and studied acting at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama.", "Al Weaver __knowledge__ Weaver's first paid theatre role was in Trevor Nunn's 2004 production of \"Hamlet\", at the Old Vic theatre in London.", "Al Weaver __knowledge__ Weaver played the Prince of Denmark on Monday evenings and at all matinees, whilst Ben Whishaw took on the role for evening performances, from Tuesday to Saturday.", "Al Weaver __knowledge__ British politician Michael Portillo lauded Weaver's interpretation of Hamlet in \"The New Statesman\": \"He [Weaver] gave meaning to the poetry, refusing to be rushed in the soliloquies or intimidated by them, varying volume and pace well.", "MyNetworkTV telenovelas __knowledge__ The MyNetworkTV telenovelas were Fox Television's attempt to create a successful low-cost programming franchise by adapting Spanish-language telenovelas for U.S. viewers.", "MyNetworkTV telenovelas __knowledge__ While originally planned for syndication, the format became the original lineup of MyNetworkTV in 2006.", "MyNetworkTV telenovelas __knowledge__ Six limited-run serials were produced, each running about 65 episodes, and at least three others were halted in development.", "MyNetworkTV telenovelas __knowledge__ New episodes aired from Monday to Friday – and weekend clip shows recapped the shows' storylines.", "MyNetworkTV telenovelas __knowledge__ Producers planned continuous cycles of thirteen-week serials with no repeats.", "MyNetworkTV telenovelas __knowledge__ Once one series ended, another unrelated melodrama would begin the following week.", "Earl Holliman filmography __knowledge__ Earl Holliman (born September 11, 1928) is an American film and TV actor who has appeared in 96 features between 1953 and 2000, including recurring roles on the television series \"Hotel de Paree\", \"Police Woman\", and various guest spots on several syndicated television shows (including game and talk shows).", "Earl Holliman filmography __knowledge__ Few people have endured in a career, or a life, as Earl Holliman has; an exceptional talent whose body of work exceeds that of many who have found themselves a part of the entertainment industry, for Holliman, being a great and gifted story teller, has played out his characters and roles to such realism that he has proven himself as a legendary American character actor which, when viewed historically, becomes both evident and significant." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 7, 9 ]

[ "A telenovela is a Latin American version of a soap opera", "I know right, in Spain they call them\"culebrones\" which translates as long snakes", "telenovelas are shorter than a regular tv series but longer than a mini series", "longer in season the average show length is between 30-45 minute unless its a final episode" ]

[ "Telenovela", "Telenovela", "Telenovela", "Telenovela" ]

[ "Shrimp and prawn as food\nI am allergic to prawns and shrimp do you eat them?", "Yeah very popular from what I hear", "I know shrimp are expensive so they must be getting harder to catch", "I know the casinos advertise huge seafood buffets at cheap prices so I suspect they buy a lot of shrimp and prawns", "They must be good because when the buffets are advertised I see people line up for them'" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ Shrimp and prawn are important types of seafood that are consumed worldwide.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ Although shrimp and prawns belong to different suborders of Decapoda, they are very similar in appearance and the terms are often used interchangeably in commercial farming and wild fisheries.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ A distinction is drawn in recent aquaculture literature, which increasingly uses the term \"prawn\" only for the freshwater forms of palaemonids and \"shrimp\" for the marine penaeids.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the word \"prawn\" is more common on menus than \"shrimp\"; the opposite is the case in North America.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ The term \"prawn\" is also loosely used to describe any large shrimp, especially those that come 15 (or fewer) to the pound (such as \"king prawns\", yet sometimes known as \"jumbo shrimp\").", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ Australia and some other Commonwealth nations follow this British usage to an even greater extent, using the word \"prawn\" almost exclusively.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ When Australian comedian Paul Hogan used the phrase, \"I'll slip an extra shrimp on the barbie for you\" in an American television advertisement, it was intended to make what he was saying easier for his American audience to understand, and was thus a deliberate distortion of what an Australian would typically say.", "Shrimp __knowledge__ The term shrimp is used to refer to some decapod crustaceans, although the exact animals covered can vary.", "Shrimp __knowledge__ Used broadly, it may cover any of the groups with elongated bodies and a primarily swimming mode of locomotion – most commonly Caridea and Dendrobranchiata.", "Shrimp __knowledge__ In some fields, however, the term is used more narrowly, and may be restricted to Caridea, to smaller species of either group, or to only the marine species.", "Shrimp __knowledge__ Under the broader definition, \"shrimp\" may be synonymous with prawn, covering stalk-eyed swimming crustaceans with long narrow muscular tails (abdomens), long whiskers (antennae), and slender legs.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ Marine shrimp farming is an aquaculture business for the cultivation of marine shrimp or prawns for human consumption.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ Although traditional shrimp farming has been carried out in Asia for centuries, large-scale commercial shrimp farming began in the 1970s, and production grew steeply, particularly to match the market demands of the United States, Japan and Western Europe.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ The total global production of farmed shrimp reached more than 1.6 million tonnes in 2003, representing a value of nearly 9 billion U.S. dollars.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ About 75% of farmed shrimp is produced in Asia, in particular in China and Thailand.", "Dendrobranchiata __knowledge__ Dendrobranchiata is a suborder of decapod shrimps, commonly known as prawns.", "Dendrobranchiata __knowledge__ There are 540 extant species in seven families, and a fossil record extending back to the Devonian.", "Dendrobranchiata __knowledge__ They differ from related animals, such as Caridea and Stenopodidea, by the branching form of the gills and by the fact that they do not brood their eggs, but release them directly into the water.", "Dendrobranchiata __knowledge__ They may reach a length of over and a mass of , and are widely fished and farmed for human consumption.", "Dendrobranchiata __knowledge__ While Dendrobranchiata and Caridea belong to different suborders of Decapoda, they are very similar in appearance, and in many contexts such as commercial farming and fisheries, they are both often referred to as \"shrimp\" and \"prawn\" interchangeably.", "Freshwater prawn farming __knowledge__ A freshwater prawn farm is an aquaculture business designed to raise and produce freshwater prawns or shrimp for human consumption.", "Freshwater prawn farming __knowledge__ Freshwater prawn farming shares many characteristics with, and many of the same problems as, marine shrimp farming.", "Freshwater prawn farming __knowledge__ Unique problems are introduced by the developmental life cycle of the main species (the giant river prawn, \"Macrobrachium rosenbergii\").", "Freshwater prawn farming __knowledge__ The global annual production of freshwater prawns (excluding crayfish and crabs) in 2003 was about 280,000 tons, of which China produced some 180,000 tons, followed by India and Thailand with some 35,000 tons each.", "Freshwater prawn farming __knowledge__ Additionally, China produced about 370,000 tons of Chinese river crab (\"Eriocheir sinensis\").", "Shrimp fishery __knowledge__ The shrimp fishery is a major global industry, with more than 3.4 million tons caught per year, chiefly in Asia.", "Shrimp fishery __knowledge__ Rates of bycatch are unusually high for shrimp fishing, with the capture of sea turtles being especially contentious.", "Shrimp fishery __knowledge__ The term \"shrimp\", as used by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), covers all shrimp (Caridea) and prawns (Dendrobranchiata, comprising Penaeoidea and Sergestoidea) – a group formerly known as \"Natantia\".", "Shrimp fishery __knowledge__ This nomenclature often differs from local use, in which the same species may be known by different names, or where different species may be known by the same name.", "Prawn soup __knowledge__ Prawn soup, also referred to as shrimp soup, is a soup dish prepared using freshwater or saltwater prawns as a primary ingredient.", "Prawn soup __knowledge__ Several varieties of the dish exist in various areas of the world, including \"Penang Prawn Mee\" in Malaysia, Peruvian \"chupe de camarones\", Thai \"kaeng som kung\" and Mexican \"caldo de camarones\", among others.", "Prawn soup __knowledge__ Prawn and shrimp soup can be prepared as a broth- or stock-based soup, as a cream-based soup, or as a chowder.", "Prawn soup __knowledge__ In the United States, cream of shrimp soup is mass-produced and distributed canned or frozen.", "Prawn soup __knowledge__ Rækjusúpa is a shrimp soup in Icelandic cuisine prepared using shrimp, fish such as haddock, bacon, cream, corn, celery and other ingredients." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ Shrimp and prawn are important types of seafood that are consumed worldwide.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ Although shrimp and prawns belong to different suborders of Decapoda, they are very similar in appearance and the terms are often used interchangeably in commercial farming and wild fisheries.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ A distinction is drawn in recent aquaculture literature, which increasingly uses the term \"prawn\" only for the freshwater forms of palaemonids and \"shrimp\" for the marine penaeids.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the word \"prawn\" is more common on menus than \"shrimp\"; the opposite is the case in North America.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ The term \"prawn\" is also loosely used to describe any large shrimp, especially those that come 15 (or fewer) to the pound (such as \"king prawns\", yet sometimes known as \"jumbo shrimp\").", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ Australia and some other Commonwealth nations follow this British usage to an even greater extent, using the word \"prawn\" almost exclusively.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ When Australian comedian Paul Hogan used the phrase, \"I'll slip an extra shrimp on the barbie for you\" in an American television advertisement, it was intended to make what he was saying easier for his American audience to understand, and was thus a deliberate distortion of what an Australian would typically say.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is a single released in 1985 by the Swiss band Yello and featured on their album \"Stella\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song features a mix of electronic music and manipulated vocals.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song gained popularity after being featured in the films \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and \"The Secret of My Success\", among other films.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It has become an iconic anthem of the 1980s, and used to metaphorically represent lust (in various forms) and cocaine.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It is a popular staple in movies, television and commercials.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Its 1987 re-released version features the extra lyrics: \"such a good time / a really good time\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Describing the composition of \"Oh Yeah,\" Blank said, \"First I did the music and then I invited Dieter to sing along, and he came up with some lines which I thought, 'no Dieter, it's too complicated, we don't need that many lyrics'.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from the \"Forgotten Realms\" campaign setting for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters have appeared in the multiple series of novels set in the \"Forgotten Realms\".", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Many have some magical abilities.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Aballister Bonaduce is the nemesis of his son Cadderly Bonaduce, the main character of R.A. Salvatore's The Cleric Quintet.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Calculating, cold, and merciless, Aballister is determined to complete his conquest of the region.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Guided by the goddess Talona, Mistress of Poison, Aballister creates The Chaos Curse and unleashes it upon The Edificant Library, home of Cadderly and his friends.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ This is a list of playable characters from the \"Mortal Kombat\" fighting game series and the games in which they appear.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in a fictional universe composed of six realms, which were created by the Elder Gods.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The Elder Gods created a fighting tournament called Mortal Kombat to reduce the wars between the realms.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The first \"Mortal Kombat\" game introduces a tournament in which Earthrealm can be destroyed if it loses once again.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The Earthrealm warriors manage to defeat the champion Goro and tournament host Shang Tsung, but this leads Tsung to search for other ways to destroy Earthrealm.", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea is an aromatic beverage commonly prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured leaves of the \"Camellia sinensis\", an evergreen shrub (bush) native to Asia.", "Tea __knowledge__ After water, it is the most widely consumed drink in the world.", "Tea __knowledge__ There are many different types of tea; some, like Darjeeling and Chinese greens, have a cooling, slightly bitter, and astringent flavour, while others have vastly different profiles that include sweet, nutty, floral or grassy notes.", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea originated in Southwest China, where it was used as a medicinal drink.", "Tea __knowledge__ It was popularized as a recreational drink during the Chinese Tang dynasty, and tea drinking spread to other East Asian countries.", "List of Green Lanterns __knowledge__ The Green Lantern Corps that appear in fictional stories published by DC Comics has at least 7200 members, two per sector (originally 3600 with one per sector), in addition to assorted other members who fulfill roles other than patrolling.", "List of Green Lanterns __knowledge__ Although seven characters—Alan Scott, Hal Jordan, Guy Gardner, John Stewart, Simon Baz, Kyle Rayner, and Jessica Cruz—are primarily associated with the name, a number of other members of the Corps have appeared in DC's comics.", "List of Green Lanterns __knowledge__ These seven characters are most closely associated with the \"Green Lantern\" name, and have been the title characters of \"Green Lantern\" comics.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "History of the Chicago Cubs __knowledge__ The following is a franchise history of the Chicago Cubs of Major League Baseball, a charter member of the National League who started play in the National Association in 1870 as the Chicago White Stockings.", "History of the Chicago Cubs __knowledge__ The Chicago National League Ball Club is the only franchise to play continuously in the same city since the formation of the National League in 1876.", "History of the Chicago Cubs __knowledge__ They are the earliest formed active professional sports club in North America.", "History of the Chicago Cubs __knowledge__ In their history, they have also been known as the White Stockings, Orphans, Colts, Panamas, Rainmakers, Spuds, Trojans, Microbes, and Zephyrs.", "History of the Chicago Cubs __knowledge__ The success and fame won by the Brooklyn Atlantics, organized baseball's first true dynasty, and the Cincinnati Red Stockings (c. 1867–1870) baseball's first openly all-professional team, led to a minor explosion of other openly professional clubs by the late 1860s, each with the singular goal of defeating the Red Stockings, who had accumulated an unparalleled 89-game winning streak." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ Shrimp and prawn are important types of seafood that are consumed worldwide.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ Although shrimp and prawns belong to different suborders of Decapoda, they are very similar in appearance and the terms are often used interchangeably in commercial farming and wild fisheries.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ A distinction is drawn in recent aquaculture literature, which increasingly uses the term \"prawn\" only for the freshwater forms of palaemonids and \"shrimp\" for the marine penaeids.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the word \"prawn\" is more common on menus than \"shrimp\"; the opposite is the case in North America.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ The term \"prawn\" is also loosely used to describe any large shrimp, especially those that come 15 (or fewer) to the pound (such as \"king prawns\", yet sometimes known as \"jumbo shrimp\").", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ Australia and some other Commonwealth nations follow this British usage to an even greater extent, using the word \"prawn\" almost exclusively.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ When Australian comedian Paul Hogan used the phrase, \"I'll slip an extra shrimp on the barbie for you\" in an American television advertisement, it was intended to make what he was saying easier for his American audience to understand, and was thus a deliberate distortion of what an Australian would typically say.", "Shrimp __knowledge__ The term shrimp is used to refer to some decapod crustaceans, although the exact animals covered can vary.", "Shrimp __knowledge__ Used broadly, it may cover any of the groups with elongated bodies and a primarily swimming mode of locomotion – most commonly Caridea and Dendrobranchiata.", "Shrimp __knowledge__ In some fields, however, the term is used more narrowly, and may be restricted to Caridea, to smaller species of either group, or to only the marine species.", "Shrimp __knowledge__ Under the broader definition, \"shrimp\" may be synonymous with prawn, covering stalk-eyed swimming crustaceans with long narrow muscular tails (abdomens), long whiskers (antennae), and slender legs.", "North Pacific right whale __knowledge__ The North Pacific right whale (\"Eubalaena japonica\") is a very large, thickset baleen whale species that is extremely rare and endangered.", "North Pacific right whale __knowledge__ The Northeast Pacific population, which summers in the southeastern Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska, may have no more than 40 animals.", "North Pacific right whale __knowledge__ A western population that summers near the Commander Islands, the coast of Kamchatka, along the Kuril Islands and in the Sea of Okhotsk between it, is thought to number in the low hundreds.", "North Pacific right whale __knowledge__ Before commercial whaling in the North Pacific (i.e.", "North Pacific right whale __knowledge__ pre-1835) there were probably over 20,000 right whales in the region.", "North Pacific right whale __knowledge__ The taking of right whales in commercial whaling has been prohibited by one or more international treaties since 1935.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ Marine shrimp farming is an aquaculture business for the cultivation of marine shrimp or prawns for human consumption.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ Although traditional shrimp farming has been carried out in Asia for centuries, large-scale commercial shrimp farming began in the 1970s, and production grew steeply, particularly to match the market demands of the United States, Japan and Western Europe.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ The total global production of farmed shrimp reached more than 1.6 million tonnes in 2003, representing a value of nearly 9 billion U.S. dollars.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ About 75% of farmed shrimp is produced in Asia, in particular in China and Thailand.", "Shrimp fishery __knowledge__ The shrimp fishery is a major global industry, with more than 3.4 million tons caught per year, chiefly in Asia.", "Shrimp fishery __knowledge__ Rates of bycatch are unusually high for shrimp fishing, with the capture of sea turtles being especially contentious.", "Shrimp fishery __knowledge__ The term \"shrimp\", as used by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), covers all shrimp (Caridea) and prawns (Dendrobranchiata, comprising Penaeoidea and Sergestoidea) – a group formerly known as \"Natantia\".", "Shrimp fishery __knowledge__ This nomenclature often differs from local use, in which the same species may be known by different names, or where different species may be known by the same name.", "Bycatch __knowledge__ Bycatch, in the fishing industry, is a fish or other marine species that is caught unintentionally while catching certain target species and target sizes of fish, crabs etc.", "Bycatch __knowledge__ Bycatch is either of a different species, the wrong sex, or is undersized or juvenile individuals of the target species.", "Bycatch __knowledge__ The term \"bycatch\" is also sometimes used for untargeted catch in other forms of animal harvesting or collecting.", "Bycatch __knowledge__ In 1997, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) defined bycatch as \"total fishing mortality, excluding that accounted directly by the retained catch of target species\".", "Intensive animal farming __knowledge__ Intensive animal farming or industrial livestock production, also colloquially known as factory farming, is a production approach towards farm animals in order to maximize production output, while minimizing production costs.", "Intensive animal farming __knowledge__ Intensive farming refers to animal husbandry, the keeping of livestock such as cattle, poultry, and fish at higher stocking densities than is usually the case with other forms of animal agriculture—a practice typical in industrial farming by agribusinesses.", "Intensive animal farming __knowledge__ The main products of this industry are meat, milk and eggs for human consumption.", "Intensive animal farming __knowledge__ There are issues regarding whether factory farming is sustainable or ethical.", "Aquaculture __knowledge__ Aquaculture is the farming of fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic plants, algae, and other aquatic organisms.", "Aquaculture __knowledge__ Aquaculture involves cultivating freshwater and saltwater populations under controlled conditions, and can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is the harvesting of wild fish.", "Aquaculture __knowledge__ It is less commonly spelled aquiculture), and is also known as aquafarming.", "Aquaculture __knowledge__ Mariculture refers to aquaculture practiced in marine environments and in underwater habitats.", "Aquaculture __knowledge__ According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), aquaculture \"is understood to mean the farming of aquatic organisms including fish, molluscs, crustaceans and aquatic plants.", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea is an aromatic beverage commonly prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured leaves of the \"Camellia sinensis\", an evergreen shrub (bush) native to Asia.", "Tea __knowledge__ After water, it is the most widely consumed drink in the world.", "Tea __knowledge__ There are many different types of tea; some, like Darjeeling and Chinese greens, have a cooling, slightly bitter, and astringent flavour, while others have vastly different profiles that include sweet, nutty, floral or grassy notes.", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea originated in Southwest China, where it was used as a medicinal drink.", "Tea __knowledge__ It was popularized as a recreational drink during the Chinese Tang dynasty, and tea drinking spread to other East Asian countries.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea culture is defined by the way tea is made and consumed, by the way the people interact with tea, and by the aesthetics surrounding tea drinking.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ It includes aspects of tea production, tea brewing, tea arts and ceremony, society, history, health, ethics, education, and communication and media issues.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea plays an important role in some countries.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ It is commonly consumed at social events, and many cultures have created intricate formal ceremonies for these events.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Afternoon tea is a British custom with widespread appeal.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea ceremonies, with their roots in the Chinese tea culture, differ among Asian countries, such as the Japanese or Korean versions.", "History of tea __knowledge__ The history of tea is long and complex, spreading across multiple cultures over the span of thousands of years.", "History of tea __knowledge__ Tea likely originated in southwest China during the Shang dynasty as a medicinal drink.", "History of tea __knowledge__ An early credible record of tea drinking dates to the 3rd century AD, in a medical text written by Hua Tuo.", "History of tea __knowledge__ Tea was first introduced to Portuguese priests and merchants in China during the 16th century.", "History of tea __knowledge__ Drinking tea became popular in Britain during the 17th century.", "History of tea __knowledge__ The British introduced tea production, as well as tea consumption, to India, in order to compete with the Chinese monopoly on tea.", "History of tea __knowledge__ \"\"Camellia sinensis\" originated in southeast Asia, specifically around the intersection of latitude 29°N and longitude 98°E, the point of confluence of the lands of northeast India, north Burma, southwest China and Tibet.", "Tea in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Since the eighteenth century, the United Kingdom has been one of the world's greatest tea consumers, with an average annual \"per capita\" tea supply of 1.9 kg (4.18 lbs).", "Tea in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The British Empire was instrumental in spreading tea from China to India; British interests controlled tea production in the subcontinent.", "Tea in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Tea, which was an upper-class drink in mainland Europe, became the infusion of every social class in Great Britain throughout the course of the eighteenth century and has remained so.", "Tea in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Tea is a prominent feature of British culture and society.", "Tea in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the drinking of tea is so varied that it is quite hard to generalise.", "Japanese garden __knowledge__ Ancient Japanese art inspired past garden designers.", "Japanese garden __knowledge__ By the Edo period, the Japanese garden had its own distinct appearance.", "Japanese garden __knowledge__ The idea of these unique gardens began during the Asuka period.", "Japanese garden __knowledge__ Japanese merchants witnessed the gardens that were being built in China, and brought many of the Chinese gardening techniques and styles back to Japan.", "Japanese garden __knowledge__ Today, the tradition of Japanese garden art is still popular around the world, with many eastern and western practitioners expressing themselves through the medium.", "Japanese garden __knowledge__ Japanese gardens first appeared on the island of Honshu, the large central island of Japan.", "Japanese garden __knowledge__ Their aesthetic was influenced by the distinct characteristics of the Honshu landscape; rugged volcanic peaks, narrow valleys, mountain streams with waterfalls and cascades, lakes, and beaches of small stones.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ Iced tea (or ice tea; \"thé glacé\" in French) is a form of cold tea.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ Though usually served in a glass with ice, it can refer to a tea that has been chilled or cooled.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ It may or may not be sweetened.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ Iced tea is also a popular packaged drink.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ It can be mixed with flavored syrup, with multiple common flavors including lemon, raspberry, lime, passion fruit, peach, orange, strawberry, and cherry.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ While most iced teas get their flavor from tea leaves (\"Camellia sinensis\"), herbal teas are sometimes served cold and referred to as iced tea.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ Iced tea is sometimes made by a particularly long steeping of tea leaves at lower temperature (one hour in the sun versus 5 minutes at 180–212 °F / 80–100 °C).", "Japanese tea ceremony __knowledge__ The Japanese tea ceremony, also called the Way of Tea, is a Japanese cultural activity involving the ceremonial preparation and presentation of \"matcha \"(抹茶), powdered green tea.", "Japanese tea ceremony __knowledge__ In Japanese, it is called or , while the manner in which it is performed, or the art of its performance, is called .", "Japanese tea ceremony __knowledge__ Zen Buddhism was a primary influence in the development of the Japanese tea ceremony.", "Japanese tea ceremony __knowledge__ Much less commonly, Japanese tea practice uses leaf tea, primarily \"sencha\", in which case it is known in Japanese as as opposed to chanoyu or chadō.", "Japanese tea ceremony __knowledge__ Tea gatherings are classified as an informal tea gathering and a formal tea gathering ." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ Shrimp and prawn are important types of seafood that are consumed worldwide.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ Although shrimp and prawns belong to different suborders of Decapoda, they are very similar in appearance and the terms are often used interchangeably in commercial farming and wild fisheries.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ A distinction is drawn in recent aquaculture literature, which increasingly uses the term \"prawn\" only for the freshwater forms of palaemonids and \"shrimp\" for the marine penaeids.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the word \"prawn\" is more common on menus than \"shrimp\"; the opposite is the case in North America.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ The term \"prawn\" is also loosely used to describe any large shrimp, especially those that come 15 (or fewer) to the pound (such as \"king prawns\", yet sometimes known as \"jumbo shrimp\").", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ Australia and some other Commonwealth nations follow this British usage to an even greater extent, using the word \"prawn\" almost exclusively.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ When Australian comedian Paul Hogan used the phrase, \"I'll slip an extra shrimp on the barbie for you\" in an American television advertisement, it was intended to make what he was saying easier for his American audience to understand, and was thus a deliberate distortion of what an Australian would typically say.", "Shrimp __knowledge__ The term shrimp is used to refer to some decapod crustaceans, although the exact animals covered can vary.", "Shrimp __knowledge__ Used broadly, it may cover any of the groups with elongated bodies and a primarily swimming mode of locomotion – most commonly Caridea and Dendrobranchiata.", "Shrimp __knowledge__ In some fields, however, the term is used more narrowly, and may be restricted to Caridea, to smaller species of either group, or to only the marine species.", "Shrimp __knowledge__ Under the broader definition, \"shrimp\" may be synonymous with prawn, covering stalk-eyed swimming crustaceans with long narrow muscular tails (abdomens), long whiskers (antennae), and slender legs.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ Marine shrimp farming is an aquaculture business for the cultivation of marine shrimp or prawns for human consumption.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ Although traditional shrimp farming has been carried out in Asia for centuries, large-scale commercial shrimp farming began in the 1970s, and production grew steeply, particularly to match the market demands of the United States, Japan and Western Europe.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ The total global production of farmed shrimp reached more than 1.6 million tonnes in 2003, representing a value of nearly 9 billion U.S. dollars.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ About 75% of farmed shrimp is produced in Asia, in particular in China and Thailand.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Slot machine __knowledge__ A slot machine (American English), informally fruit machine (British English), puggy (Scottish English slang), the slots (Canadian and American English), poker machine (or pokies in slang) (Australian English and New Zealand English) or simply slot (American English), is a casino gambling machine with three or more reels which spin when a button is pushed.", "Slot machine __knowledge__ Slot machines are also known as one-armed bandits because they were originally operated by one lever on the side of the machine as distinct from a button on the front panel and because of their ability to leave the player impoverished or in debt and because \"bandit\" can be a synonym for \"thief\" in modern usage.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cuisine (, , ) is the national cuisine of Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Balance, detail, and variety are of paramount significance to Thai chefs.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components and a spicy edge.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai chef McDang characterises Thai food as demonstrating \"intricacy; attention to detail; texture; color; taste; and the use of ingredients with medicinal benefits, as well as good flavor\", as well as care being given to the food's appearance, smell and context.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking rejects simplicity and is about \"the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish\".", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Bycatch __knowledge__ Bycatch, in the fishing industry, is a fish or other marine species that is caught unintentionally while catching certain target species and target sizes of fish, crabs etc.", "Bycatch __knowledge__ Bycatch is either of a different species, the wrong sex, or is undersized or juvenile individuals of the target species.", "Bycatch __knowledge__ The term \"bycatch\" is also sometimes used for untargeted catch in other forms of animal harvesting or collecting.", "Bycatch __knowledge__ In 1997, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) defined bycatch as \"total fishing mortality, excluding that accounted directly by the retained catch of target species\".", "Cetacean bycatch __knowledge__ Cetacean bycatch is the incidental capture of non-target cetacean species such as dolphins, porpoises, and whales by fisheries.", "Cetacean bycatch __knowledge__ Bycatch can be caused by entanglement in fishing nets and lines, or direct capture by hooks or in trawl nets.", "Cetacean bycatch __knowledge__ Cetacean bycatch is increasing in intensity and frequency.", "Cetacean bycatch __knowledge__ This is a trend that is likely to continue because of increasing human population growth and demand for marine food sources, as well as industrialization of fisheries which are expanding into new areas.", "Cetacean bycatch __knowledge__ These fisheries come into direct and indirect contact with cetaceans.", "Cetacean bycatch __knowledge__ An example of direct contact is the physical contact of cetaceans with fishing nets.", "Turtle excluder device __knowledge__ A turtle excluder device or TED is a specialized device that allows a captured sea turtle to escape when caught in a fisherman's net.", "Turtle excluder device __knowledge__ In particular, sea turtles can be caught when bottom trawling is used by the commercial shrimp fishing industry.", "Turtle excluder device __knowledge__ In order to catch shrimp, a fine meshed trawl net is needed.", "Turtle excluder device __knowledge__ This results in large amounts of other marine organisms being also caught as bycatch.", "Turtle excluder device __knowledge__ When a turtle gets caught or entangled in a trawl net, it becomes trapped and is unable to return to the surface.", "Turtle excluder device __knowledge__ Since sea turtles are air-breathing creatures with lungs, they eventually drown.", "Turtle excluder device __knowledge__ TEDs were first developed in the 1970s by Wil Seidel, who worked for NOAA.", "Shrimp fishery __knowledge__ The shrimp fishery is a major global industry, with more than 3.4 million tons caught per year, chiefly in Asia.", "Shrimp fishery __knowledge__ Rates of bycatch are unusually high for shrimp fishing, with the capture of sea turtles being especially contentious.", "Shrimp fishery __knowledge__ The term \"shrimp\", as used by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), covers all shrimp (Caridea) and prawns (Dendrobranchiata, comprising Penaeoidea and Sergestoidea) – a group formerly known as \"Natantia\".", "Shrimp fishery __knowledge__ This nomenclature often differs from local use, in which the same species may be known by different names, or where different species may be known by the same name.", "Aberdeen floating village __knowledge__ Aberdeen floating village () is located at the Aberdeen Harbour in the Southern District of Hong Kong.", "Aberdeen floating village __knowledge__ The harbour contains approximately 600 junks, which house an estimated 6,000 people.", "Aberdeen floating village __knowledge__ Since the 19th century, Aberdeen has emerged as one of the most important fishing ports in Hong Kong.", "Aberdeen floating village __knowledge__ Now in Aberdeen, as the catering and tourism industries are on the rise, so is the demand for seafood.", "Aberdeen floating village __knowledge__ In the past two decades, the population of the Aberbeen Floating Village community has decreased due to rapid fisheries development in the nearby Guangdong Province and the increase in operating costs of the fishing industry in Hong Kong.", "Hector's dolphin __knowledge__ Hector's dolphin (\"Cephalorhynchus hectori\") is the best-known of the four dolphins in the genus \"Cephalorhynchus\" and is the only endemic cetacean to New Zealand.", "Hector's dolphin __knowledge__ At approximately 1.4 m (4.6 ft) in length, it is one of the smallest cetaceans.", "Hector's dolphin __knowledge__ Two subspecies occur: \"C. h. hectori\", the more numerous subspecies, is found around the South Island, and the critically endangered Maui's dolphin (\"C. h. maui\") is found off the northwest coast of the North Island.", "Hector's dolphin __knowledge__ Maui's dolphin is one of the eight most endangered groups of cetaceans.", "Hector's dolphin __knowledge__ The Hector's dolphin is also the world's smallest and rarest dolphin." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ Shrimp and prawn are important types of seafood that are consumed worldwide.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ Although shrimp and prawns belong to different suborders of Decapoda, they are very similar in appearance and the terms are often used interchangeably in commercial farming and wild fisheries.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ A distinction is drawn in recent aquaculture literature, which increasingly uses the term \"prawn\" only for the freshwater forms of palaemonids and \"shrimp\" for the marine penaeids.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the word \"prawn\" is more common on menus than \"shrimp\"; the opposite is the case in North America.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ The term \"prawn\" is also loosely used to describe any large shrimp, especially those that come 15 (or fewer) to the pound (such as \"king prawns\", yet sometimes known as \"jumbo shrimp\").", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ Australia and some other Commonwealth nations follow this British usage to an even greater extent, using the word \"prawn\" almost exclusively.", "Shrimp and prawn as food __knowledge__ When Australian comedian Paul Hogan used the phrase, \"I'll slip an extra shrimp on the barbie for you\" in an American television advertisement, it was intended to make what he was saying easier for his American audience to understand, and was thus a deliberate distortion of what an Australian would typically say.", "UOIT Engineering Students' Society __knowledge__ The UOIT Engineering Students’ Society, also known as UOIT EngSoc, is the representative student body for all undergraduate full-time students enrolled in the Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science (FEAS) and the Faculty of Energy Systems and Nuclear Science (FESNS) at the University of Ontario Institute of Technology (UOIT).", "UOIT Engineering Students' Society __knowledge__ In addition to providing funding for engineering clubs and groups, UOIT EngSoc organizes professional development, extracurricular and sports events for over 1,800 members, proudly representing engineering students at Ontario’s fastest growing university.", "UOIT Engineering Students' Society __knowledge__ Established and registered in 2003 under the Student Association at Durham College and UOIT originally as a club and later in 2008 as a society, UOIT EngSoc is one of the largest and most active students’ societies at the university.", "Buffet __knowledge__ A buffet ( in the UK, in the US, from ) is a system of serving meals in which food is placed in a public area where the diners generally serve themselves.", "Buffet __knowledge__ Buffets are offered at various places including hotels, restaurants and many social events.", "Buffet __knowledge__ Buffet restaurants normally offer all-you-can-eat (AYCE) food for a set price.", "Buffet __knowledge__ Buffets usually have some hot dishes, so the term cold buffet (see Smörgåsbord) has been developed to describe formats lacking hot food.", "Buffet __knowledge__ Hot or cold buffets usually involve dishware and utensils, but a finger buffet is an array of foods that are designed to be small and easily consumed only by hand, including cupcakes, slices of pizza, foods on cocktail sticks, etc.", "Ovation Brands __knowledge__ Ovation Brands, Inc., based in the San Antonio suburb of Hollywood Park, Texas, is a subsidiary of Food Management Partners, Inc. and is the operator of a number of American national buffet chain restaurants.", "Ovation Brands __knowledge__ The companies restaurants include steak-buffet, as well as steakhouse restaurants with menus that range from grilled-to-order steaks, single-serve dishes, scratch-made soups, entrees and desserts, beverage bars, buffets, chops and grilled seafood, and others.", "Ovation Brands __knowledge__ It was previously known as Buffets, Inc. Their restaurants are now known as Old Country Buffet, Country Buffet, HomeTown Buffet and Ryan's Buffet.", "Schulich School of Engineering __knowledge__ The Schulich School of Engineering is an accredited engineering school located in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.", "Schulich School of Engineering __knowledge__ It currently has 3,700 enrolled students at both undergraduate and graduate levels, and over 150 faculty members.", "Schulich School of Engineering __knowledge__ The school offers nine engineering degree programs.", "Schulich School of Engineering __knowledge__ The Schulich School of Engineering was originally conceived on September 28, 1964 at the first meeting of the Engineering Council, as the Faculty of Engineering.", "Schulich School of Engineering __knowledge__ The new school was officially accredited and given faculty status on April 1, 1965 and officially opened its doors for the fall semester of the same year, with a total first year enrollment of 59 students, taught by two faculty members.", "Canadian Federation of Engineering Students __knowledge__ The Canadian Federation of Engineering Students (CFES) (\"Fédération canadienne étudiante de génie\" in French) is the national association of undergraduate engineering student societies in Canada and exists to organize activities, provide services and interact with professional and other bodies at the national and international level for the benefit of Canadian engineering students.", "Canadian Federation of Engineering Students __knowledge__ The organization is a bilingual non-profit corporation based in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, managed by a volunteer team of engineering students and recent graduates from across Canada.", "Canadian Federation of Engineering Students __knowledge__ The flagship event of the CFES, Congress serves as both the Annual General Meeting of the Federation, as well as a leadership development forum for engineering students from across Canada.", "Engineering Undergraduate Society of the University of British Columbia __knowledge__ Engineering Undergraduate Society (EUS), is the engineering society at the University of British Columbia.", "Engineering Undergraduate Society of the University of British Columbia __knowledge__ It organizes Engineering department events but is perhaps best known for practical jokes (STUdeNT projectS) it has played in the past, including hanging the frame of a Volkswagen Beetle off bridges.", "Engineering Undergraduate Society of the University of British Columbia __knowledge__ The members of the EUS are known for their pride of being engineering students and conspicuous displays thereof.", "Engineering Undergraduate Society of the University of British Columbia __knowledge__ EUS members often refer to themselves as Engineers even though they are correctly Engineering Students (cf.", "Engineering Undergraduate Society of the University of British Columbia __knowledge__ Engineer-in-Training and Professional Engineer).", "Engineering Undergraduate Society of the University of British Columbia __knowledge__ The EUS belongs to several larger student organizations.", "Service-learning in engineering education __knowledge__ Many engineering educators see service-learning as the solution to several prevalent problems in engineering education today.", "Service-learning in engineering education __knowledge__ In the past, engineering curriculum has fluctuated between emphasizing engineering science to focusing more on practical aspects of engineering.", "Service-learning in engineering education __knowledge__ Today, many engineering educators are concerned their students do not receive enough practical knowledge of engineering and its context.", "Service-learning in engineering education __knowledge__ Some speculate that adding context to engineering help to motivate engineering students’ studies and thus improve retention and diversity in engineering schools.", "Service-learning in engineering education __knowledge__ Others feel that the teaching styles do not match the learning styles of engineering students.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Shrimp __knowledge__ The term shrimp is used to refer to some decapod crustaceans, although the exact animals covered can vary.", "Shrimp __knowledge__ Used broadly, it may cover any of the groups with elongated bodies and a primarily swimming mode of locomotion – most commonly Caridea and Dendrobranchiata.", "Shrimp __knowledge__ In some fields, however, the term is used more narrowly, and may be restricted to Caridea, to smaller species of either group, or to only the marine species.", "Shrimp __knowledge__ Under the broader definition, \"shrimp\" may be synonymous with prawn, covering stalk-eyed swimming crustaceans with long narrow muscular tails (abdomens), long whiskers (antennae), and slender legs.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ Marine shrimp farming is an aquaculture business for the cultivation of marine shrimp or prawns for human consumption.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ Although traditional shrimp farming has been carried out in Asia for centuries, large-scale commercial shrimp farming began in the 1970s, and production grew steeply, particularly to match the market demands of the United States, Japan and Western Europe.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ The total global production of farmed shrimp reached more than 1.6 million tonnes in 2003, representing a value of nearly 9 billion U.S. dollars.", "Marine shrimp farming __knowledge__ About 75% of farmed shrimp is produced in Asia, in particular in China and Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cuisine (, , ) is the national cuisine of Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Balance, detail, and variety are of paramount significance to Thai chefs.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components and a spicy edge.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai chef McDang characterises Thai food as demonstrating \"intricacy; attention to detail; texture; color; taste; and the use of ingredients with medicinal benefits, as well as good flavor\", as well as care being given to the food's appearance, smell and context.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking rejects simplicity and is about \"the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish\".", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner." ] ]

[ 1, 57, 26, 16, 13 ]

[ "I can't say I'm a fan, but apparently they are consumed all over the world.", "Tea is also very popular around the world - right after water.", "It's a shame too, because it just means that that much more bycatch will be caught up in those massive shrimp trawlers, such as dolphins.", "Being that Indonesia has one of the most vibrant cuisines in the world, I wouldn't be surprised if their casino buffets were loaded with prawns and shrimp.", "Pretty sure that is pretty terrible for the shrimp situation. More people lining up for those buffets, the more the shrimp population is going to dwindle. Especially since they are typically all you can eat." ]

[ "Shrimp and prawn as food", "Shrimp and prawn as food", "Shrimp and prawn as food", "Shrimp and prawn as food", "Shrimp and prawn as food" ]

[ "Ford Mustang\nHave you ever driven a Ford Mustang? They are very fun to drive, I wish I owned my own", "Yes, they are very popular, or at the very least, coveted", "Oh, I did not know that, my grandfather had a falcon when I was younger, I wonder why they changed it!", "I think it is the 69 mustang, is very coveted for whatever reason, I do not know a ton about them, but i hear that one specifically a lot", "Woww, that is a lot of evolution, I am sure the newer ones outclass the older ones by a country mile" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Ford Mustang is an American car manufactured by Ford.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ It was originally based on the platform of the second generation North American Ford Falcon, a compact car.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The original 1962 Ford Mustang I two-seater concept car had evolved into the 1963 Mustang II four-seater concept car which Ford used to pretest how the public would take interest in the first production Mustang.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The 1963 Mustang II concept car was designed with a variation of the production model's front and rear ends with a roof that was 2.7 inches shorter.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ Introduced early on April 17, 1964 (16 days after the Plymouth Barracuda), and thus dubbed as a \"1964½\" by Mustang fans, the 1965 Mustang was the automaker's most successful launch since the Model A.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang has undergone several transformations to its current sixth generation.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang created the \"pony car\" class of American muscle cars, affordable sporty coupes with long hoods and short rear decks, and gave rise to competitors such as the Chevrolet Camaro, Pontiac Firebird, AMC Javelin, Chrysler's revamped Plymouth Barracuda, and the second generation Dodge Challenger.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang is also credited for inspiring the designs of coupés such as the Toyota Celica and Ford Capri, which were imported to the United States.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ Ford and several third party companies offered many modified versions of the highly popular Mustang in order to cater to specific portions of the marketplace outside of the mainstream.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ High-performance enthusiasts seek more powerful, sharper handling, sports cars, while collectors and purists seek limited production and alternate or nostalgic styling, such as is commonly found on many commemorative editions.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ Still, others were made purely for experimental concepts such as the McLaren M81 (turbo) and SVO, which later influenced production model design.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ Most variants include both performance upgrades, and unique cosmetic treatments that are typically minimal to maintain the familiar appearance of a stock Mustang.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ The fifth-generation Ford Mustang is a pony car that was manufactured by Ford from 2005 to 2014, at the Flat Rock Assembly Plant in Flat Rock, Michigan.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ The fifth generation began with the 2005 model year, and received a facelift for the 2010 model year.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ Originally designed by Sid Ramnarace through late 2001 and finalized in mid-2002, the fifth-generation Mustang's design was previewed by two preproduction concept cars that debuted at the 2003 North American International Auto Show.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ Development began on the S-197 program in 1999 under chief engineer Hau Thai-Tang, shortly after the 1998 launch of \"New Edge\" SN-95 facelift.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ The Shelby Mustang is a high performance variant of the Ford Mustang which was built by Shelby American from 1965 to 1968, and from 1969 to 1970 by Ford.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ Following the introduction of the fifth generation Ford Mustang in 2005, the Shelby nameplate was revived as a new high-performance model, this time designed and built by Ford.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ The 1965–1966 cars were the smallest and lightest of the GT 350 models.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ These cars are often called \"Cobras\", which was the Ford-powered AC-based two-seat sports car also produced by Shelby American during the same period.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ Both models use the Cobra emblem, similar paint scheme, and the optional \"Cobra\" valve covers on many GT350s that were part of a marketing tie-in by Shelby, as well as one of his iconic symbols.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The sixth generation Ford Mustang is the current iteration of the Mustang pony car manufactured by Ford.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The sixth generation was presented at private Ford events on December 5, 2013 and commenced series production at the Ford Flat Rock Assembly Plant on July 14, 2014.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ In departure from prior Mustang models, the sixth generation Mustang includes fully independent rear suspension on all models, as well as an optional 2.3L EcoBoost turbocharged and direct injected four cylinder engine.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The new Mustang was introduced as a 2015 model year vehicle, marking the fiftieth anniversary of the Ford Mustang, which was revealed as a 1965 model year vehicle on April 17, 1964.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Ford Mustang SVT Cobra __knowledge__ The Ford SVT Mustang Cobra (also known as SVT Mustang Cobra, SVT Cobra, or simply as Cobra) is a muscle car/pony car model that was built in model years 1993 through 2004 by Ford Motor Company's Special Vehicle Team division (or SVT, for short).", "Ford Mustang SVT Cobra __knowledge__ The SVT Cobra was a high-performance version of the Ford Mustang, considered as top-of-the-line as it was positioned above the Mustang GT and Mach 1 models during its era of production.", "Ford Mustang SVT Cobra __knowledge__ On three occasions, the race-ready, street-legal SVT Cobra R variant was produced in limited numbers.", "Ford Mustang SVT Cobra __knowledge__ The SVT Cobra was succeeded by the 2007 Shelby GT500.", "Ford Mustang SVT Cobra __knowledge__ Although the GT500 was built by SVT and wears a Cobra emblem, it is not considered an SVT Cobra, as the car is licensed by Shelby and does not have \"Cobra\" in its model name or description." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Ford Mustang is an American car manufactured by Ford.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ It was originally based on the platform of the second generation North American Ford Falcon, a compact car.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The original 1962 Ford Mustang I two-seater concept car had evolved into the 1963 Mustang II four-seater concept car which Ford used to pretest how the public would take interest in the first production Mustang.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The 1963 Mustang II concept car was designed with a variation of the production model's front and rear ends with a roof that was 2.7 inches shorter.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ Introduced early on April 17, 1964 (16 days after the Plymouth Barracuda), and thus dubbed as a \"1964½\" by Mustang fans, the 1965 Mustang was the automaker's most successful launch since the Model A.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang has undergone several transformations to its current sixth generation.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang created the \"pony car\" class of American muscle cars, affordable sporty coupes with long hoods and short rear decks, and gave rise to competitors such as the Chevrolet Camaro, Pontiac Firebird, AMC Javelin, Chrysler's revamped Plymouth Barracuda, and the second generation Dodge Challenger.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang is also credited for inspiring the designs of coupés such as the Toyota Celica and Ford Capri, which were imported to the United States.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The culmination of multiple years of debate and planning after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown constitutional accords, the referendum was launched solely by the provincial Parti Québécois government of Jacques Parizeau.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ Despite initial predictions of a heavy sovereignist defeat, an eventful and complex campaign followed, with the \"Yes\" side flourishing after being taken over by charismatic Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ In linguistics, a yes–no question, formally known as a polar question, is a question whose expected answer is either \"yes\" or \"no\".", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ Formally, they present an exclusive disjunction, a pair of alternatives of which only one is acceptable.", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ In English, such questions can be formed in both positive and negative forms (e.g.", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ \"Will you be here tomorrow?\"", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ and \"Won't you be here tomorrow?\").", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ Yes–no questions are in contrast with non-polar wh-questions, with the five Ws, which do not necessarily present a range of alternative answers, or necessarily restrict that range to two alternatives.", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ (Questions beginning with \"which\", for example, often presuppose a set of several alternatives, from which one is to be drawn.)", "Car __knowledge__ A car (or automobile) is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transportation.", "Car __knowledge__ Most definitions of \"car\" say they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four tires, and mainly transport people rather than goods.", "Car __knowledge__ Cars came into global use during the 20th century, and developed economies depend on them.", "Car __knowledge__ The year 1886 is regarded as the birth year of the modern car, when German inventor Karl Benz built his Benz Patent-Motorwagen.", "Car __knowledge__ Cars did not become widely available until the early 20th century.", "Car __knowledge__ One of the first cars that was accessible to the masses was the 1908 Model T, an American car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company.", "Ford Pinto __knowledge__ The Ford Pinto is a front-engine, rear-drive subcompact car manufactured and marketed by Ford Motor Company for model years 1971–1980.", "Ford Pinto __knowledge__ The first subcompact developed by Ford in North America, the Pinto was marketed in two-door sedan, three-door hatchback, and three-door station wagon body styles, and was the first mass-produced American car with rack and pinion steering.", "Ford Pinto __knowledge__ Ford's Lincoln-Mercury division marketed a rebadged variant of the Pinto as the Mercury Bobcat for model years 1975–1980 (1974–1980 in Canada).", "Ford Pinto __knowledge__ The Pinto and Bobcat were manufactured at Edison Assembly, St.Thomas Assembly and San Jose Assembly.", "North American International Auto Show __knowledge__ The North American International Auto Show (NAIAS) is an annual auto show held in Detroit, Michigan at Cobo Center, usually in January.", "North American International Auto Show __knowledge__ It is among the largest auto shows in North America.", "North American International Auto Show __knowledge__ In 1899, William E. Metzger helped organize the Detroit Auto Show, only the second of its kind.", "North American International Auto Show __knowledge__ The next year, he helped stage the New York Auto Show in New York's Madison Square Garden.", "North American International Auto Show __knowledge__ An auto show was held in Detroit in 1907 at Beller's Beer Garden at Riverside Park and since then annually except 1941-1953.", "North American International Auto Show __knowledge__ During the shows first decades of existence it portrayed only a regional focus.", "North American International Auto Show __knowledge__ In 1957 international carmakers exhibited for the first time.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Economy car __knowledge__ An economy car is an automobile that is designed for low-cost purchase and operation.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Typical economy cars are small (compact or subcompact), lightweight, and inexpensive to buy.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Economy car designers are forced by stringent design constraints to be inventive.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Many innovations in automobile design were originally developed for economy cars, such as the Ford Model T and the Austin Mini.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Gordon Murray, the Formula 1 and Mclaren F1 designer, said when designing his new Murray T.25 city car: \"I would say that building a car to sell for six thousand pounds and designing that for a high-volume production, where you have all the quality issues under control, is a hundred times more difficult than designing a Mclaren F1, or even a racing car.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Chevrolet ( ), colloquially referred to as Chevy and formally the Chevrolet Division of General Motors Company, is an American automobile division of the American manufacturer General Motors (GM).", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Louis Chevrolet and ousted General Motors founder William C. Durant started the company on November 3, 1911 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Company.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ Durant used the Chevrolet Motor Car Company to acquire a controlling stake in General Motors with a reverse merger occurring on May 2, 1918 and propelled himself back to the GM presidency.", "Chevrolet __knowledge__ After Durant's second ousting in 1919, Alfred Sloan, with his maxim \"a car for every purse and purpose,\" would pick the Chevrolet brand to become the volume leader in the General Motors family, selling mainstream vehicles to compete with Henry Ford's Model T in 1919 and overtaking Ford as the best-selling car in the United States by 1929." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Ford Mustang is an American car manufactured by Ford.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ It was originally based on the platform of the second generation North American Ford Falcon, a compact car.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The original 1962 Ford Mustang I two-seater concept car had evolved into the 1963 Mustang II four-seater concept car which Ford used to pretest how the public would take interest in the first production Mustang.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The 1963 Mustang II concept car was designed with a variation of the production model's front and rear ends with a roof that was 2.7 inches shorter.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ Introduced early on April 17, 1964 (16 days after the Plymouth Barracuda), and thus dubbed as a \"1964½\" by Mustang fans, the 1965 Mustang was the automaker's most successful launch since the Model A.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang has undergone several transformations to its current sixth generation.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang created the \"pony car\" class of American muscle cars, affordable sporty coupes with long hoods and short rear decks, and gave rise to competitors such as the Chevrolet Camaro, Pontiac Firebird, AMC Javelin, Chrysler's revamped Plymouth Barracuda, and the second generation Dodge Challenger.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang is also credited for inspiring the designs of coupés such as the Toyota Celica and Ford Capri, which were imported to the United States.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "Ford Falcon (Australia) __knowledge__ The Ford Falcon was a full-sized car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company of Australia from 1960 to 2016.", "Ford Falcon (Australia) __knowledge__ From the XA series of 1972 onward, each Falcon and range of derivates have been designed, developed, and built in Australia, following the phasing out of the American-influenced Falcon of 1960 to 1971, which had been re-engineered locally as the XK to XY series for the harsher Australian conditions.", "Ford Falcon (Australia) __knowledge__ The luxury-oriented Ford Fairmont model joined the range from 1965.", "Ford Falcon (Australia) __knowledge__ Luxury long-wheelbase derivative versions called the Ford Fairlane and LTD arrived in 1967 and 1973, respectively (with production ending in 2007).", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Wonder Stories __knowledge__ Wonder Stories was an early American science fiction magazine which was published under several titles from 1929 to 1955.", "Wonder Stories __knowledge__ It was founded by Hugo Gernsback in 1929 after he had lost control of his first science fiction magazine, \"Amazing Stories\", when his media company Experimenter Publishing went bankrupt.", "Wonder Stories __knowledge__ Within a few months of the bankruptcy, Gernsback launched three new magazines: \"Air Wonder Stories\", \"Science Wonder Stories\" and \"Science Wonder Quarterly\".", "Wonder Stories __knowledge__ \"Air Wonder Stories\" and \"Science Wonder Stories\" were merged in 1930 as \"Wonder Stories\", and the quarterly was renamed \"Wonder Stories Quarterly\".", "Falcon Heavy __knowledge__ Falcon Heavy is a reusable super heavy-lift launch vehicle being designed and manufactured by SpaceX.", "Falcon Heavy __knowledge__ The Falcon Heavy (previously known as the Falcon 9 Heavy) is a variant of the Falcon 9 launch vehicle and will consist of a strengthened Falcon 9 rocket core with two additional Falcon 9 first stages as strap-on boosters.", "Falcon Heavy __knowledge__ This will increase the low Earth orbit (LEO) maximum payload to , compared to for a Falcon 9 full thrust.", "Falcon Heavy __knowledge__ The Falcon Heavy will only be able to deliver this mass when it is fully expended; the maximum mass to geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) with first stage and side booster recovery is 8,000 kilograms (17,637 lb), compared to for a recoverable Falcon 9.", "Falcon Crest __knowledge__ Falcon Crest is an American prime time television soap opera that aired for nine seasons on CBS from December 4, 1981 to May 17, 1990.", "Falcon Crest __knowledge__ The series revolved around the feuding factions of the wealthy Gioberti/Channing family in the Californian wine industry.", "Falcon Crest __knowledge__ Jane Wyman starred as Angela Channing, the tyrannical matriarch of the Falcon Crest Winery, alongside Robert Foxworth as Chase Gioberti, Angela's nephew who returns after the death of his father.", "Falcon Crest __knowledge__ The series was set in the fictitious Tuscany Valley (modeled after the Napa Valley) northeast of San Francisco.", "Falcon Crest __knowledge__ The show was created by Earl Hamner, Jr., who had previously created \"The Waltons\", which had just finished its final season in 1981.", "Falcon 9 __knowledge__ Falcon 9 is a family of two-stage-to-orbit medium lift launch vehicles, named for its use of nine first-stage engines, designed and manufactured by SpaceX.", "Falcon 9 __knowledge__ Variants include the retired Falcon 9 v1.0 and Falcon 9 v1.1, as well as the current Falcon 9 Full Thrust, both partially-reusable launch systems powered by rocket engines utilizing liquid oxygen (LOX) and rocket-grade kerosene (RP-1) propellants.", "Falcon 9 __knowledge__ The current \"Full Thrust\" version can lift payloads of up to to low Earth orbit, and up to to geostationary transfer orbit (GTO), when configured in expendable mode.", "Falcon 9 __knowledge__ The first stage can be recovered and reused for GTO payloads up to , automatically landing after disconnection of the second stage.", "Ford Fairlane (Australia) __knowledge__ The Ford Fairlane and LTD are full-sized luxury vehicles produced in a series of models by Ford Australia between 1959 (with the LTD commencing production in 1973) and 2007.", "Ford Fairlane (Australia) __knowledge__ From 1959 to 1964, the Fairlane was a locally assembled version of the American Ford Fairlane which had taken its name from Henry Ford's estate, Fair Lane, near Dearborn, Michigan.", "Ford Fairlane (Australia) __knowledge__ This was Ford Australia's top-of-the-range model until replaced by an Australian-assembled version of the full-sized American Ford Galaxie.", "Ford Fairlane (Australia) __knowledge__ In 1967, Ford Australia reintroduced the Fairlane, this time as an Australian-developed, luxury, long-wheelbase version of its mainstream Falcon, positioned between the Falcon and the Galaxie.", "Ford Falcon (North America) __knowledge__ The Ford Falcon was an automobile which was produced by the Ford from 1960 to 1970 across three generations.", "Ford Falcon (North America) __knowledge__ It was a sales success for Ford initially, outselling rival compacts from Chrysler and General Motors introduced at the same time.", "Ford Falcon (North America) __knowledge__ The television marketing for this model featured the first animated appearances of the characters from Charles Schulz's acclaimed comic strip, \"Peanuts\", with announcer contribution from Paul Frees.", "Ford Falcon (North America) __knowledge__ The Falcon was offered in two-door and four-door sedan, two-door and four-door station wagon, two-door hardtop, convertible, sedan delivery and Ranchero pickup body configurations.", "Mercury Comet __knowledge__ The Mercury Comet is an automobile that was produced by Mercury from 1962–1969 and 1971-1977 — variously as either a compact or an intermediate car.", "Mercury Comet __knowledge__ The Comet was initially based on the compact Ford Falcon, then on the intermediate Ford Fairlane and finally on the compact Ford Maverick.", "Mercury Comet __knowledge__ As a Mercury, early Comets received better grade interior trim than concurrent Falcons, and a slightly longer wheelbase.", "Mercury Comet __knowledge__ The Comet was originally planned as an Edsel model.", "Mercury Comet __knowledge__ Ford announced the end of the Edsel program on November 19, 1959.", "Mercury Comet __knowledge__ However, production of 1960 Edsels continued until late November.", "Mercury Comet __knowledge__ The Comet was reassigned to the Lincoln-Mercury division to sell at Mercury-Comet dealerships, where it was marketed as a stand-alone product for 1960 and 1961 as the \"Comet\" without any Mercury divisional badging.", "DJR Team Penske __knowledge__ DJR Team Penske (formerly Dick Johnson Racing) is Australia's oldest motor racing team competing in the Supercars Championship.", "DJR Team Penske __knowledge__ Founded by Dick Johnson, the team's drivers have won seven Australian Touring Car Championship titles (five of them by Johnson himself) and the team has taken three victories in Australia's premier race, the Bathurst 1000.", "DJR Team Penske __knowledge__ The Gold Coast based team campaigns two Ford FG X Falcons in the Supercars Championship, one bearing Dick Johnson's long standing racing number 17.", "DJR Team Penske __knowledge__ Fabian Coulthard and Scott McLaughlin are the team's current drivers.", "DJR Team Penske __knowledge__ The team has strongly identified itself with an image as a battler Queenslanders, frequently racing with state maps on the car.", "Bathurst 1000 __knowledge__ The Bathurst 1000 (currently branded as the Supercheap Auto Bathurst 1000 for sponsorship reasons) is a touring car race held annually on the Mount Panorama Circuit in Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia.", "Bathurst 1000 __knowledge__ It is currently run as a championship event for Supercars.", "Bathurst 1000 __knowledge__ Widely regarded as the pinnacle of motorsport in Australia, the Bathurst 1000 is colloquially known as \"The Great Race\" among motorsport fans and media.", "Bathurst 1000 __knowledge__ The race concept originated with the 1960 Armstrong 500 at the Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit, before being relocated to Bathurst in 1963 and continuing there in every year since.", "Bathurst 1000 __knowledge__ The race was traditionally run on the Labour Day long weekend in New South Wales, in early October." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Ford Mustang is an American car manufactured by Ford.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ It was originally based on the platform of the second generation North American Ford Falcon, a compact car.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The original 1962 Ford Mustang I two-seater concept car had evolved into the 1963 Mustang II four-seater concept car which Ford used to pretest how the public would take interest in the first production Mustang.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The 1963 Mustang II concept car was designed with a variation of the production model's front and rear ends with a roof that was 2.7 inches shorter.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ Introduced early on April 17, 1964 (16 days after the Plymouth Barracuda), and thus dubbed as a \"1964½\" by Mustang fans, the 1965 Mustang was the automaker's most successful launch since the Model A.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang has undergone several transformations to its current sixth generation.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang created the \"pony car\" class of American muscle cars, affordable sporty coupes with long hoods and short rear decks, and gave rise to competitors such as the Chevrolet Camaro, Pontiac Firebird, AMC Javelin, Chrysler's revamped Plymouth Barracuda, and the second generation Dodge Challenger.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang is also credited for inspiring the designs of coupés such as the Toyota Celica and Ford Capri, which were imported to the United States.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of Fullmetal Alchemist characters __knowledge__ The \"Fullmetal Alchemist\" manga and anime series feature an extensive cast of fictional characters created by Hiromu Arakawa.", "List of Fullmetal Alchemist characters __knowledge__ The story is set in a fictional universe within the 20th century in which alchemy is one of the most advanced scientific techniques.", "List of Fullmetal Alchemist characters __knowledge__ Although they basically start the same, the first anime, midway through its run, begins to differ greatly from the original manga; characters that are killed early on in the manga survive to the end of the first anime and vice versa.", "List of Fullmetal Alchemist characters __knowledge__ The second anime's (\"\") events, however, faithfully follow those from the manga.", "List of Fullmetal Alchemist characters __knowledge__ The story follows the adventures of two alchemist brothers named Edward and Alphonse Elric.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ The DiMeo crime family, later referred to as the Soprano crime family, is a fictional Mafia family from the HBO series \"The Sopranos.\"", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ It is thought to be loosely based on the DeCavalcante crime family, a real New Jersey Mafia family.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ The DiMeo crime family consists of an administration and six crews.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from \"The Sopranos\" that are associated with the DiMeo crime family.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ In the series, the DiMeo crime family is believed to have been formed in Northern New Jersey in the 1950s.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ Ercole DiMeo is believed to have been the first official boss, although according to the book, \"The Sopranos Family History\" by Allen Rucker and David Chase, there was an earlier boss named Alfano, but he is never mentioned in the series.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ Ford and several third party companies offered many modified versions of the highly popular Mustang in order to cater to specific portions of the marketplace outside of the mainstream.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ High-performance enthusiasts seek more powerful, sharper handling, sports cars, while collectors and purists seek limited production and alternate or nostalgic styling, such as is commonly found on many commemorative editions.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ Still, others were made purely for experimental concepts such as the McLaren M81 (turbo) and SVO, which later influenced production model design.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ Most variants include both performance upgrades, and unique cosmetic treatments that are typically minimal to maintain the familiar appearance of a stock Mustang.", "Mustang District __knowledge__ Mustang District (), a part of Province No.", "Mustang District __knowledge__ 4 in Dhawalagiri Zone of northern Nepal, is one of the seventy-five districts of Nepal.", "Mustang District __knowledge__ The district, with Jomsom as its headquarters, covers an area of 3,573 km² and has a population (2011) of 13,452.", "Mustang District __knowledge__ The district straddles the Himalayas and extends northward onto the Tibetan plateau.", "Mustang District __knowledge__ Mustang is one of the remotest areas in Nepal and is second in terms of the sparsity of population.", "Mustang District __knowledge__ Mustand is an ancient forbidden kingdom, boredred by the Tibetan plateau and sheltered by some of world's tallest peaks, including 8000-meter tall Annapurna and Dhaulagiri.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ The fifth-generation Ford Mustang is a pony car that was manufactured by Ford from 2005 to 2014, at the Flat Rock Assembly Plant in Flat Rock, Michigan.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ The fifth generation began with the 2005 model year, and received a facelift for the 2010 model year.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ Originally designed by Sid Ramnarace through late 2001 and finalized in mid-2002, the fifth-generation Mustang's design was previewed by two preproduction concept cars that debuted at the 2003 North American International Auto Show.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ Development began on the S-197 program in 1999 under chief engineer Hau Thai-Tang, shortly after the 1998 launch of \"New Edge\" SN-95 facelift.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The 2010 \"Tonight Show\" conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ Leno, the host of long-running franchise \"The Tonight Show\" since 1992, and O'Brien, host of \"Late Night\" since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for the network for much of the decade.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ When O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, when they informed him he would remain host for five more years and then transition the show to O'Brien in 2009.", "Ford Mustang I __knowledge__ The Ford Mustang I is a small, mid-engined (4-cylinder), open two-seater concept car with aluminium body work that was built by Ford in 1962.", "Ford Mustang I __knowledge__ Although it shared few design elements with the final production vehicle, it did lend its name to the line.", "Ford Mustang I __knowledge__ The original Ford Mustang was a product of the Fairlane Group, a committee of Ford managers led by Lee Iacocca.", "Ford Mustang I __knowledge__ The Fairlane Group worked on new product needs and, in the summer of 1962, the Group laid out the framework of a new sports car.", "Ford Mustang I __knowledge__ The automaker made a \"tentative bid to fill a vacuum between Go-Karts and the Corvette\" as well as to compete in FIA category 9 (SCCA Class G).\"", "Toyota concept vehicles, 1935–69 __knowledge__ Toyota concept vehicles produced between 1935 and 1969 include: The A1 was made in May 1935 as Toyota's first complete vehicle.", "Toyota concept vehicles, 1935–69 __knowledge__ It entered production in slightly modified form in 1936 as the AA.", "Toyota concept vehicles, 1935–69 __knowledge__ The Sports X was a concept car shown at the 1961 Tokyo Motor Show.", "Toyota concept vehicles, 1935–69 __knowledge__ Styling was similar to Italian show cars of the time, with slim pillars and a light roof.", "Toyota concept vehicles, 1935–69 __knowledge__ A 1900 cc engine was used with other mechanicals based on the Crown.", "Toyota concept vehicles, 1935–69 __knowledge__ It was not put into production.", "Toyota concept vehicles, 1935–69 __knowledge__ The Airport Limousine was a concept car shown at the 1961 Tokyo Motor Show.", "Toyota concept vehicles, 1935–69 __knowledge__ Based on the Crown, the Airport Limousine was a 6-door wagon that retained the fins and side panels of the Crown sedan.", "Toyota concept vehicles, 1970–79 __knowledge__ The EX-7 was a 2-seat concept car made by Toyota and shown during the 1970 Tokyo Motor Show.", "Toyota concept vehicles, 1970–79 __knowledge__ It was an experiment (hence 'EX') to see what a supercar based on the Toyota 7 (hence '-7') racing car would be like.", "Toyota concept vehicles, 1970–79 __knowledge__ The mid mounted engine was similar to the Toyota 7 engine except that EX-7 did not have turbochargers.", "Toyota concept vehicles, 1970–79 __knowledge__ The Toyota 7 had but the EX-7 was detuned down to for road use.", "Toyota concept vehicles, 1970–79 __knowledge__ Transmission was by a manual gearbox as part of a transaxle.", "Toyota concept vehicles, 1970–79 __knowledge__ Double wishbone independent suspension was on all 4 wheels and vented disc brakes were used on both the front and rear.", "Toyota concept vehicles, 1970–79 __knowledge__ The body shape was similar to that of other supercars of the time, like the Mercedes C111, with a long flat nose blended into a long windscreen and a high rear with a vertical cutoff.", "1963 Ford Mustang II (concept car) __knowledge__ The Ford Mustang II is a small, front-engined (V8), open \"two-plus-two\" concept car built by the Ford Motor Company in 1963.", "1963 Ford Mustang II (concept car) __knowledge__ Although bearing the same name as the first generation production Mustang, the four-seater Mustang II which closely resembled the final production variant that would appear in 1964, was intended primarily for the auto show circuit.", "1963 Ford Mustang II (concept car) __knowledge__ After debuting at the 1963 Watkins Glen Grand Prix, the Mustang II had a short lifespan as a show car before being relegated to the task of \"test mule\".", "1963 Ford Mustang II (concept car) __knowledge__ The sole example still exists, albeit in storage at the Detroit Historical Museum.", "1963 Ford Mustang II (concept car) __knowledge__ The original Ford Mustang was a product of the Fairlane Group, a committee of Ford managers and executives led by Vice-president and General Manager Lee Iacocca.", "Michael Vernon Robinson __knowledge__ Michael Robinson is an American automobile designer.", "Michael Vernon Robinson __knowledge__ In January 2014 he left the position of Brand and Design Director of Gruppo Bertone after its financial crises became obvious, to become the chief executive officer and design director of ED Design in Turin, Italy.", "Michael Vernon Robinson __knowledge__ Previously, Robinson held the position of Design Director at Fiat and Lancia, and worked as a designer with Ford in Dearborn, Volvo in Gothenborg, Sweden, Open Design, Ghia, and Fiat in Torino, Italy.", "Michael Vernon Robinson __knowledge__ Several of his more prominent styling contributions have been the Ghia TSX-4 concept car, the Fiat Bravo/Brava, (1995 European Car of the Year), the Lancia Dialogos Concept Car, the Lancia Giubileo (Pope’s personal limousine based on a stretch Thesis), the Lancia Thesis, the Lancia Nea Concept Car, the Lancia Ypsilon, the Fiat Ducato, the Bertone Alfa Romeo Pandion Concept Car, and the Bertone Jaguar B99 – B99 GT concept cars, the Nuccio Bertone concept car, the SUV BAIC C51X concept, the Aston Martin Jet 2 +2 One-off prototype, FAW Besturn X80 SUV (in production), BAIC Senova D50 sedan production, and BAIC Senova D60 Aero concept car." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Ford Mustang is an American car manufactured by Ford.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ It was originally based on the platform of the second generation North American Ford Falcon, a compact car.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The original 1962 Ford Mustang I two-seater concept car had evolved into the 1963 Mustang II four-seater concept car which Ford used to pretest how the public would take interest in the first production Mustang.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The 1963 Mustang II concept car was designed with a variation of the production model's front and rear ends with a roof that was 2.7 inches shorter.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ Introduced early on April 17, 1964 (16 days after the Plymouth Barracuda), and thus dubbed as a \"1964½\" by Mustang fans, the 1965 Mustang was the automaker's most successful launch since the Model A.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang has undergone several transformations to its current sixth generation.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang created the \"pony car\" class of American muscle cars, affordable sporty coupes with long hoods and short rear decks, and gave rise to competitors such as the Chevrolet Camaro, Pontiac Firebird, AMC Javelin, Chrysler's revamped Plymouth Barracuda, and the second generation Dodge Challenger.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang is also credited for inspiring the designs of coupés such as the Toyota Celica and Ford Capri, which were imported to the United States.", "WOWW __knowledge__ WOWW is a broadcast radio station licensed to Germantown, Tennessee and serving Memphis, Tennessee.", "WOWW __knowledge__ WOWW is owned and operated by Flinn Broadcasting Corporation.", "WOWW __knowledge__ Studios are in Southaven, Mississippi and a transmitter tower is in Bartlett, Tennessee.", "WOWW __knowledge__ During the 1960s the station was known as WHER and had an all female on-air staff, hence the call letters (W)HER.", "WOWW __knowledge__ It later became WWEE featuring an all-talk format.", "WOWW __knowledge__ The station gave birth to the longest running sports talk show \"SportsLine\" (now called \"SportsTime\").", "WOWW __knowledge__ \"SportsLine\" went on the air in 1972. Notable former staff members include Marge Thrasher, Bill Thomas, George Lapides, Dick Palmer, Jim Fields, and Jeff Weinberger.", "Polish złoty __knowledge__ The zloty (pronounced ; sign: zł; code: PLN), which is the masculine form of the Polish adjective 'golden', is the currency of Poland.", "Polish złoty __knowledge__ The modern złoty is subdivided into 100 groszy (singular: \"grosz\"; alternative plural form: \"grosze\").", "Polish złoty __knowledge__ The recognized English form of the word is \"zloty\", plural zloty or zlotys.", "Polish złoty __knowledge__ The currency sign, zł, is composed of the Polish lower-case letters \"z\" and \"ł\" (Unicode: & ).", "Polish złoty __knowledge__ As a result of inflation in the early 1990s, the currency underwent redenomination.", "Polish złoty __knowledge__ Thus, on January 1, 1995, 10,000 old złotych (PLZ) became one new złoty (PLN).", "Polish złoty __knowledge__ Since then, the currency has been relatively stable, with an exchange rate fluctuating between 3 and 4 złoty for a United States dollar.", "WRGV __knowledge__ WRGV (107.3 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve the community of Pensacola, Florida, United States.", "WRGV __knowledge__ The station is currently owned by iHeartMedia, Inc. and the broadcast license is held by Clear Channel Broadcasting Licenses, Inc. WRGV broadcasts an urban contemporary music format to the greater Pensacola, Florida, and Mobile, Alabama, area.", "WRGV __knowledge__ Its studios are located in Pensacola, and the transmitter is near Robertsdale, Alabama.", "WRGV __knowledge__ In 1976, 107.3 FM belonged to WAJB-FM, which was a beautiful music station with studios at the Tiger Point Country Club in Gulf Breeze, until it was purchased by Colonial Broadcasting in 1979.", "Evidence of common descent __knowledge__ Evidence of common descent of living organisms has been discovered by scientists researching in a variety of disciplines over many decades, demonstrating that all life on Earth comes from a single ancestor.", "Evidence of common descent __knowledge__ This forms an important part of the evidence on which evolutionary theory rests, demonstrates that evolution does occur, and illustrates the processes that created Earth's biodiversity.", "Evidence of common descent __knowledge__ It supports the modern evolutionary synthesis—the current scientific theory that explains how and why life changes over time.", "Evidence of common descent __knowledge__ Evolutionary biologists document evidence of common descent, all the way back to the last universal common ancestor, by developing testable predictions, testing hypotheses, and constructing theories that illustrate and describe its causes.", "Country Mile (Johnny Flynn album) __knowledge__ Country Mile is the fourth full-length album by Johnny Flynn & The Sussex Wit, released in 2013.", "Country Mile (Johnny Flynn album) __knowledge__ The album was announced in conjunction with a tour and the release of a single 'The Lady is Risen'.", "Country Mile (Johnny Flynn album) __knowledge__ In his review for Allmusic, critic Timothy Monger wrote \"What sets Johnny Flynn apart from many of Britain's better-known new folk-revivalists is his knack for timeless, literate songwriting.", "Country Mile (Johnny Flynn album) __knowledge__ Delivered with the confidence of a seasoned Shakespearian actor and the severity and humor of a young Richard Thompson, Flynn's songs come from a more arcane place in the English idiom, managing to seem both profound and conversational at once.\"", "Country Mile __knowledge__ Country Mile or A Country Mile may refer to:", "Vehicle registration plate __knowledge__ A vehicle registration plate, also known as a number plate (British English) or a license plate (American English), is a metal or plastic plate attached to a motor vehicle or trailer for official identification purposes.", "Vehicle registration plate __knowledge__ All countries require registration plates for road vehicles such as cars, trucks, and motorcycles.", "Vehicle registration plate __knowledge__ Whether they are required for other vehicles, such as bicycles, boats, or tractors, may vary by jurisdiction.", "Vehicle registration plate __knowledge__ The registration identifier is a numeric or alphanumeric ID that uniquely identifies the vehicle owner within the issuing region's vehicle register.", "Vehicle registration plate __knowledge__ In some countries, the identifier is unique within the entire country, while in others it is unique within a state or province.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The sixth generation Ford Mustang is the current iteration of the Mustang pony car manufactured by Ford.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The sixth generation was presented at private Ford events on December 5, 2013 and commenced series production at the Ford Flat Rock Assembly Plant on July 14, 2014.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ In departure from prior Mustang models, the sixth generation Mustang includes fully independent rear suspension on all models, as well as an optional 2.3L EcoBoost turbocharged and direct injected four cylinder engine.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The new Mustang was introduced as a 2015 model year vehicle, marking the fiftieth anniversary of the Ford Mustang, which was revealed as a 1965 model year vehicle on April 17, 1964.", "Cinema of China __knowledge__ The cinema of China is one of three distinct historical threads of Chinese-language cinema together with the cinema of Hong Kong and the cinema of Taiwan.", "Cinema of China __knowledge__ Cinema was introduced in China in 1896 and the first Chinese film, \"The Battle of Dingjunshan\", was made in 1905, with the film industry being centered on Shanghai in the first decades.", "Cinema of China __knowledge__ The first sound film, \"Sing-Song Girl Red Peony\", using the sound-on-disc technology, was made in 1931.", "Cinema of China __knowledge__ The 1930s, considered the first \"golden period\" of Chinese cinema, saw the advent of the Leftist cinematic movement and the dispute between Nationalists and Communists was reflected in the films produced.", "Pony car __knowledge__ Pony car is an American class of automobile launched and inspired by the Ford Mustang in 1964.", "Pony car __knowledge__ It broke all post-World War II automobile sales records, \"creating the 'pony car' craze soon adopted by competitors.\"", "Pony car __knowledge__ The term describes an affordable, compact, highly styled car with a sporty or performance-oriented image.", "Pony car __knowledge__ The pony car had its origins when domestic automakers began \"noticing the rising interest in small, sporty cars, and the increasing importance of younger customers\" Several concept cars were developed.", "Pony car __knowledge__ Efforts to entice Ford Motor Company by the Budd Company, the producer of the bodies of the original 2-seater Thunderbird, was a new four-seat car utilizing refurbished tooling from the old model as well as a new two-seat roadster built early 1962 on a Ford Falcon chassis using a modified 4-seat 1957 Thunderbird body.", "Ford Fiesta __knowledge__ The Ford Fiesta is a supermini marketed by Ford since 1976 over seven generations and manufactured globally, including in Europe, Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, China, India, Thailand, and South Africa.", "Ford Fiesta __knowledge__ In 2010, the sixth generation Fiesta (Mark VI) was introduced worldwide, making it the first Fiesta model to be sold in North America since the Fiesta Mark I was discontinued at the end of 1980.", "Ford Fiesta __knowledge__ Ford has sold over 16 million Fiestas since 1976, making it one of the best selling Ford marques behind the Escort and the F-Series.", "Ford Fiesta __knowledge__ The Fiesta was originally developed under the project name \"Bobcat\" (not to be confused with the subsequent badge engineered Mercury variant of the Ford Pinto) and approved for development by Henry Ford II in September 1972, just after the launch of two comparable cars – the Fiat 127 and Renault 5.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ The fifth-generation Ford Mustang is a pony car that was manufactured by Ford from 2005 to 2014, at the Flat Rock Assembly Plant in Flat Rock, Michigan.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ The fifth generation began with the 2005 model year, and received a facelift for the 2010 model year.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ Originally designed by Sid Ramnarace through late 2001 and finalized in mid-2002, the fifth-generation Mustang's design was previewed by two preproduction concept cars that debuted at the 2003 North American International Auto Show.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ Development began on the S-197 program in 1999 under chief engineer Hau Thai-Tang, shortly after the 1998 launch of \"New Edge\" SN-95 facelift.", "Chevrolet Camaro __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Camaro is an American automobile manufactured by Chevrolet, classified as a pony car and some versions also as a muscle car.", "Chevrolet Camaro __knowledge__ It went on sale on September 29, 1966, for the 1967 model year and was designed as a competing model to the Ford Mustang.", "Chevrolet Camaro __knowledge__ The car shared its platform and major components with the Pontiac Firebird, also introduced for 1967.", "Chevrolet Camaro __knowledge__ Four distinct generations of the Camaro were developed before production ended in 2002.", "Chevrolet Camaro __knowledge__ The nameplate was revived on a concept car that evolved into the fifth-generation Camaro; production started on March 16, 2009.", "Chevrolet Camaro __knowledge__ Before any official announcement, reports began running during April 1965 within the automotive press that Chevrolet was preparing a competitor to the Ford Mustang, code-named \"Panther\"." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 6, 8 ]

[ "you mean the American car manufactured by Ford? I have not.", "It was actually originally based on the American Ford Falcon.", "I'm not sure but I do know the first mustang was in 1962 and was a two seater concept car.", "The mustang is currently in it's sixth generation! ", "Yeah no kidding, the mustang is also credited for inspiring the designs of a lot of other coupes." ]

[ "Ford Mustang", "Ford Mustang", "Ford Mustang", "Ford Mustang", "Ford Mustang" ]

[ "Lollipop\nI love lollipops! My favourite is the big, colourful swirly ones! ", "Yeah! I think my favorite flavor would have to be strawberry though! Do you have a favourite flavor? ", "Mmm, those are good too! I wonder who invented lollipops. ", "Wow! Bubblegum has been around for a long time. Do you know when the first lollipop was made? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lollipop __knowledge__ A lollipop is a type of confectionery consisting of a sweetmeat of hard candy or water-ice mounted on a stick and intended for sucking or licking.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Different informal terms are used in different places, including lolly, sucker, sticky-pop, etc.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Lollipops are available in many flavors and shapes.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Lollipops are available in a number of colors and flavors, particularly fruit flavors.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ With numerous companies producing lollipops, the candy now comes in dozens of flavors and many different shapes.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ They range from small ones which can be bought by the hundred and are often given away for free at banks, barbershops, and other locations, to very large ones made out of candy canes twisted into a circle.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Most lollipops are eaten at room temperature, but \"ice lollipops\" or \"ice lollies\" are frozen water-based lollipops.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Similar confections on a stick made of ice cream, often with a flavored coating, are usually not called by this name.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Some lollipops contain fillings, such as bubble gum or soft candy.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Some novelty lollipops have more unusual items, such as mealworm larvae, embedded in the candy.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Other novelty lollipops have non-edible centers, such a flashing light, embedded within the candy; there is also a trend of lollipops with sticks attached to a motorized device that makes the entire lollipop spin around in one's mouth.", "2002 Grand National __knowledge__ The 2002 Grand National (known as the Martell Grand National for sponsorship reasons) was the 155th official renewal of the world-famous Grand National steeplechase that took place at Aintree Racecourse near Liverpool, England, on 6 April 2002.", "2002 Grand National __knowledge__ The race was won by eight-year-old 20/1 shot Bindaree, ridden by Jim Culloty and trained by Nigel Twiston-Davies at Grange Hill Farm in Naunton, Gloucestershire, by a distance of 1¾ lengths from What's Up Boys (10/1) in a time of 10 minutes 3 seconds.", "2002 Grand National __knowledge__ The winner was bred by Noel King in County Down, Northern Ireland, and was owned by Raymond Mould.", "2002 Grand National __knowledge__ The field was limited to a maximum of 40 runners, with 11 completing the course.", "Mage (comics) __knowledge__ Mage is an American superhero comic book written and illustrated by Matt Wagner, which he describes as an \"allegorical autobiography\" in which the hero, Kevin Matchstick, is a stand-in for the author, and \"[a]ll the other characters he encounters and situations he endures are metaphors from my own life... told through the lens of a fantasy adventure\".", "Mage (comics) __knowledge__ Three volumes, each of 15 issues are planned; the first two have been published, the third began publication in July 2017.", "Mage (comics) __knowledge__ Volume one, \"The Hero Discovered\", was published by Comico from February 1984 to December 1986.", "Mage (comics) __knowledge__ Despite advertisements saying that a sequel was \"coming soon\", \"The Hero Defined\" did not appear until 1997, published by Image Comics (Comico had gone bankrupt in 1990, and it had taken some time for Wagner to regain the rights to the series).", "Doug's 1st Movie __knowledge__ Doug's 1st Movie is a 1999 animated film based on the Disney version of the Nickelodeon television series \"Doug\".", "Doug's 1st Movie __knowledge__ The film was directed by Maurice Joyce, and stars the regular television cast of Tom McHugh, Fred Newman, Chris Phillips, Constance Shulman, Frank Welker, Alice Playten, and Guy Hadley.", "Doug's 1st Movie __knowledge__ It was produced by Jumbo Pictures and Buena Vista, and released by Walt Disney Pictures on March 26, 1999.", "Doug's 1st Movie __knowledge__ In theaters, the Disney short \"Opera Box\" from the television series \"Mickey Mouse Works\" was featured before the film; the short featured Donald and Daisy Duck.", "Doug's 1st Movie __knowledge__ Despite the title and its success at the box office, no further movies based on \"Doug\" were made.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ This a list of fictional characters in the television series, Big Time Rush.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ The article deals with main, recurring, minor character and notable guest stars.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ Kendall Knight (Kendall Schmidt) is the leader and founder of Big Time Rush (despite being the youngest) when he accepts to move to Los Angeles and record demos only if Gustavo brings James, Carlos, and Logan along to make them all a band.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ He is portrayed as the glue that keeps the band together.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ He manages to stay cool under pressure (described as \"Cool Rush\") and figure out solutions to problems, thus often resulting in the other guys running to Kendall when they have a problem, being the most mature and responsible member of Big Time Rush.", "Lovers and Lollipops __knowledge__ Lovers and Lollipops is a 1956 film directed and written by Morris Engel and Ruth Orkin.", "Lovers and Lollipops __knowledge__ The film was photographed on location in and around New York City, and tells the story of the romance of a widowed fashion model and an engineer, and how their relationship is affected by her daughter.", "Lovers and Lollipops __knowledge__ The film was the second of three feature films directed and written by Engel and Orkin, who were best known for the 1953 film \"Little Fugitive\".", "Lovers and Lollipops __knowledge__ Like that film and \"Weddings and Babies\" (1960), \"Lovers and Lollipops\" was a low-budget film shot in a naturalistic style uncommon during this era.", "Lovers and Lollipops __knowledge__ The film stars Lori March and was the film debut of Gerald S. O'Loughlin.", "Lesley Gore __knowledge__ Lesley Sue Goldstein (May 2, 1946 – February 16, 2015), known professionally as Lesley Gore, was an American singer, songwriter, actress, and activist.", "Lesley Gore __knowledge__ At the age of 16 (in 1963) she recorded the pop hit \"It's My Party\", and followed it up with other hits including \"Judy's Turn to Cry\", \"She's a Fool\", \"You Don't Own Me\", \"Maybe I Know\" and \"California Nights\".", "Lesley Gore __knowledge__ Gore also worked as an actress and composed songs with her brother, Michael Gore, for the 1980 film \"Fame\", for which she was nominated for an Academy Award.", "Lesley Gore __knowledge__ She hosted an LGBT-oriented public television show, \"In the Life\", on American TV in the 2000s, and was active until 2014." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lollipop __knowledge__ A lollipop is a type of confectionery consisting of a sweetmeat of hard candy or water-ice mounted on a stick and intended for sucking or licking.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Different informal terms are used in different places, including lolly, sucker, sticky-pop, etc.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Lollipops are available in many flavors and shapes.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Lollipops are available in a number of colors and flavors, particularly fruit flavors.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ With numerous companies producing lollipops, the candy now comes in dozens of flavors and many different shapes.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ They range from small ones which can be bought by the hundred and are often given away for free at banks, barbershops, and other locations, to very large ones made out of candy canes twisted into a circle.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Most lollipops are eaten at room temperature, but \"ice lollipops\" or \"ice lollies\" are frozen water-based lollipops.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Similar confections on a stick made of ice cream, often with a flavored coating, are usually not called by this name.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Some lollipops contain fillings, such as bubble gum or soft candy.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Some novelty lollipops have more unusual items, such as mealworm larvae, embedded in the candy.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Other novelty lollipops have non-edible centers, such a flashing light, embedded within the candy; there is also a trend of lollipops with sticks attached to a motorized device that makes the entire lollipop spin around in one's mouth.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "Gatorade __knowledge__ The Gatorade Company, Inc. is an American manufacturer of sports-themed beverage and food products, built around its signature line of sports drinks.", "Gatorade __knowledge__ Gatorade is currently manufactured by PepsiCo and is distributed in over 80 countries.", "Gatorade __knowledge__ The beverage was first developed in 1965 by a team of researchers led by Dr. Robert Cade at the University of Florida to replenish the carbohydrates that the school's student-athletes burned and the combination of water and electrolytes that they lost in sweat during rigorous sport activities.", "Gatorade __knowledge__ Originally produced and marketed by Stokely-Van Camp, the Gatorade brand was purchased by the Quaker Oats Company in 1987, which, in turn, was bought by PepsiCo in 2000.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ This article is about the ice cream varieties around the world.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ While industrial ice cream exists in Argentina and can be found in supermarkets, restaurants or kiosks, and ice cream pops are sold on some streets and at the beaches, the most traditional Argentine \"helado\" (ice cream) is very similar to Italian gelato, rather than US-style ice cream, and it has become one of the most popular desserts in the country.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Among the most famous manufacturers are \"Freddo,\" \"Persicco,\" \"Chungo\", \"Cremolatti\" and \"Munchi's,\" all of them located in Buenos Aires.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Each city has its own \"heladerías\" (ice cream parlours) which offer different varieties of creamy and water-based ice creams, including both standard and regional flavours.", "Strawberry __knowledge__ The garden strawberry (or simply strawberry; Fragaria × ananassa) is a widely grown hybrid species of the genus \"Fragaria\", collectively known as the strawberries.", "Strawberry __knowledge__ It is cultivated worldwide for its fruit.", "Strawberry __knowledge__ The fruit is widely appreciated for its characteristic aroma, bright red color, juicy texture, and sweetness.", "Strawberry __knowledge__ It is consumed in large quantities, either fresh or in such prepared foods as preserves, juice, pies, ice creams, milkshakes, and chocolates.", "Strawberry __knowledge__ Artificial strawberry flavorings and aromas are also widely used in many products like lip gloss, candy, hand sanitizers, perfume, and many others.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ Jones Soda Co. is a beverage company based in Pioneer Square, Seattle, Washington.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ It bottles and distributes soft drinks, non-carbonated beverages, energy drinks, and candy.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ Jones Soda is a carbonated soft drink that has many unusual flavors that are not offered by other soft drink makers.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ The company was founded by Peter van Stolk in 1986 as a beverage distributor in Western Canada.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ Until 1995, the company distributed other beverage lines such as AriZona Iced Tea and Thomas Kemper sodas in Western Canada.", "Jones Soda __knowledge__ As the company gained significant knowledge of the beverage industry, it decided to get into the market with alternative beverages as the Urban Juice & Soda Company.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ Mountain Dew (stylized as Mtn Dew) is a carbonated soft drink brand produced and owned by PepsiCo.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ The original formula was invented in 1940 by Tennessee beverage bottlers Barney and Ally Hartman.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ A revised formula was created by Bill Bridgforth in 1958.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ The rights to this formula were obtained by the Tip Corporation of Marion, Virginia.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ William H. \"Bill\" Jones of the Tip corporation further refined the formula, launching that version of Mountain Dew in 1961.", "Mountain Dew __knowledge__ In August 1964, the Mountain Dew brand and production rights were acquired from Tip by the Pepsi-Cola company, at which point distribution expanded more widely across the United States and Canada.", "Sanctuary (band) __knowledge__ Sanctuary is an American thrash metal band founded in Seattle, Washington, United States, in 1985.", "Sanctuary (band) __knowledge__ They split up in 1992, but reformed 18 years later.", "Sanctuary (band) __knowledge__ The band consists of Lenny Rutledge (guitar), Attila Vörös (guitar), George Hernandez (bass), and Dave Budbill (drums).", "Sanctuary (band) __knowledge__ The lead vocalist position was held by Warrel Dane until his death in 2017.", "Sanctuary (band) __knowledge__ To date, they have released four studio albums and one live EP.", "Sanctuary (band) __knowledge__ They released a demo in 1986, which was well received, and that led them to sign with Epic Records in 1987.", "Sanctuary (band) __knowledge__ They released their debut album, \"Refuge Denied\", in the following year.", "Sanctuary (band) __knowledge__ It was produced by Dave Mustaine, frontman of thrash metal band Megadeth.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color psychology is the study of hues as a determinant of human behavior.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color influences perceptions that are not obvious, such as the taste of food.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colours can also enhance the effectiveness of placebos.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For example, red or orange pills are generally used as stimulants.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colour can indeed influence a person; however, it is important to remember that these effects differ between people.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Factors such as gender, age, and culture can influence how an individual perceives color.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For instance, heterosexual men tend to report that red outfits enhance female attractiveness, while heterosexual females deny any outfit color impacting that of men.", "M&M's __knowledge__ M&M's are \"colorful button-shaped chocolates\", each of which has the letter \"m\" printed in lower case on one side, surrounds a filling which varies depending upon the variety of M&M's.", "M&M's __knowledge__ The original candy had a milk chocolate filling which, upon introducing other variations, was branded as the \"plain\" variety.", "M&M's __knowledge__ \"Peanut\" M&M's, which feature a peanut coated in milk chocolate, and finally a candy shell, were the first variation to be introduced, and they remain a regular variety.", "M&M's __knowledge__ Numerous other variations have been introduced, some of which are regular widespread varieties (such as \"peanut butter\", \"almond\", \"pretzel\", \"crispy\", \"dark chocolate\", and \"caramel\") while others are limited in duration or geographic availability.", "Cabernet Sauvignon __knowledge__ Cabernet Sauvignon () is one of the world's most widely recognized red wine grape varieties.", "Cabernet Sauvignon __knowledge__ It is grown in nearly every major wine producing country among a diverse spectrum of climates from Canada's Okanagan Valley to Lebanon's Beqaa Valley.", "Cabernet Sauvignon __knowledge__ Cabernet Sauvignon became internationally recognized through its prominence in Bordeaux wines where it is often blended with Merlot and Cabernet Franc.", "Cabernet Sauvignon __knowledge__ From France, the grape spread across Europe and to the New World where it found new homes in places like California's Santa Cruz Mountains, Napa Valley, New Zealand's Hawkes Bay, Australia's Margaret River and Coonawarra regions, and Chile's Maipo Valley and Colchagua.", "Edge coloring __knowledge__ In graph theory, an edge coloring of a graph is an assignment of \"colors\" to the edges of the graph so that no two adjacent edges have the same color.", "Edge coloring __knowledge__ For example, the figure to the right shows an edge coloring of a graph by the colors red, blue, and green.", "Edge coloring __knowledge__ Edge colorings are one of several different types of graph coloring.", "Edge coloring __knowledge__ The edge-coloring problem asks whether it is possible to color the edges of a given graph using at most different colors, for a given value of , or with the fewest possible colors.", "Edge coloring __knowledge__ The minimum required number of colors for the edges of a given graph is called the chromatic index of the graph.", "Flavor __knowledge__ Flavor (American English) or flavour (British English; see spelling differences) is the sensory impression of food or other substance, and is determined primarily by the chemical senses of taste and smell.", "Flavor __knowledge__ The \"trigeminal senses\", which detect chemical irritants in the mouth and throat, as well as temperature and texture, are also important to the overall gestalt of flavor perception.", "Flavor __knowledge__ The flavor of the food, as such, can be altered with natural or artificial flavorants which affect these senses.", "Flavor __knowledge__ A \"flavorant\" is defined as a substance that gives another substance flavor, altering the characteristics of the solute, causing it to become sweet, sour, tangy, etc.. A flavor is a quality of something that affects the sense of taste." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lollipop __knowledge__ A lollipop is a type of confectionery consisting of a sweetmeat of hard candy or water-ice mounted on a stick and intended for sucking or licking.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Different informal terms are used in different places, including lolly, sucker, sticky-pop, etc.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Lollipops are available in many flavors and shapes.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Lollipops are available in a number of colors and flavors, particularly fruit flavors.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ With numerous companies producing lollipops, the candy now comes in dozens of flavors and many different shapes.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ They range from small ones which can be bought by the hundred and are often given away for free at banks, barbershops, and other locations, to very large ones made out of candy canes twisted into a circle.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Most lollipops are eaten at room temperature, but \"ice lollipops\" or \"ice lollies\" are frozen water-based lollipops.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Similar confections on a stick made of ice cream, often with a flavored coating, are usually not called by this name.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Some lollipops contain fillings, such as bubble gum or soft candy.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Some novelty lollipops have more unusual items, such as mealworm larvae, embedded in the candy.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Other novelty lollipops have non-edible centers, such a flashing light, embedded within the candy; there is also a trend of lollipops with sticks attached to a motorized device that makes the entire lollipop spin around in one's mouth.", "Anerood Jugnauth __knowledge__ Sir Anerood Jugnauth GCSK, , QC, MP, PC (born 29 March 1930) is a Mauritian politician who has served as both President and Prime Minister of Mauritius.", "Anerood Jugnauth __knowledge__ He is Member of Parliament for Piton & Riviere Du Rempart.", "Anerood Jugnauth __knowledge__ A central figure of Mauritian politics in the 1980s and 1990s, Jugnauth has continuously (except for the periods 1995–2000 and 2012–2014) held a constitutional office since 1976.", "Anerood Jugnauth __knowledge__ He was Leader of the Opposition from 1976 to 1982.", "Anerood Jugnauth __knowledge__ He served as Prime Minister from 1982 to 1995 and again from 2000 to 2003.", "Anerood Jugnauth __knowledge__ He was then elected as President of Mauritius and served as such from 2003 to 2012.", "Anerood Jugnauth __knowledge__ Following his party's victory in the 2014 general elections, he was appointed again to serve his sixth term as Prime Minister by President Kailash Purryag on 14 December 2014.", "Mmm Mmm Mmm Mmm __knowledge__ “Mmm Mmm Mmm Mmm” is a song by the Canadian folk rock group Crash Test Dummies, It was released on October 1, 1993 as the lead single from their second album, \"God Shuffled His Feet.\"", "Mmm Mmm Mmm Mmm __knowledge__ It was very successful all around the world, peaking at number one in Germany, Australia and on the U.S. Modern Rock Tracks chart.", "Mmm Mmm Mmm Mmm __knowledge__ It also became a top five hit in both the UK Singles Chart and the all-genre U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Mmm Mmm Mmm Mmm __knowledge__ Each verse describes the isolation and suffering of a child, two of whom have a physical abnormality.", "Mmm Mmm Mmm Mmm __knowledge__ In the first verse, a boy is injured in a car accident and misses school for an extended period; when he returns to class, his hair has changed color from black to white.", "Mauritian Militant Movement __knowledge__ The Mouvement Militant Mauricien (MMM) () is a left-wing socialist political party in Mauritius.", "Mauritian Militant Movement __knowledge__ The party was formed by a group of students in the late 1960s.", "Mauritian Militant Movement __knowledge__ The MMM advocates what it sees as a \"fairer\" society, without discrimination on the basis of social class, race, community, caste, religion, gender or sexual orientation.", "Mauritian Militant Movement __knowledge__ In the general election of 2014, the MMM became the second largest party in the National Assembly of Mauritius with 12 Members of Parliament, and the second largest party at the municipal level, with 4 councillors.", "Mauritian Militant Movement __knowledge__ The party is divided into twenty \"Regionales\", one for each of the twenty National Assembly constituencies the main island is divided into.", "MMM Global __knowledge__ MMM Global (also known as МММ-2011 / МММ-2012) is a Ponzi scheme launched in 2011 by Sergei Mavrodi, with subsidiaries in up to 110 countries; it became widely popular in various African countries like South Africa, Nigeria, Zimbabwe, Kenya and Ghana with some attributing this popularity to poverty and poor government regulation or law enforcement.", "MMM Global __knowledge__ In 2015, MMM began operating in South Africa with the same business model as MMM-2011, claiming a \"30% per month\" return through a \"social financial network\".", "MMM Global __knowledge__ The group was identified as a possible pyramid scheme by the National Consumer Commission and accounts of clients were later frozen by Capitec Bank.", "Headline News (song) __knowledge__ \"Headline News\" is a parody song by \"Weird Al\" Yankovic.", "Headline News (song) __knowledge__ It is a parody of the Crash Test Dummies's 1993 hit \"Mmm Mmm Mmm Mmm\".", "Headline News (song) __knowledge__ It was released as the lead-off single for the compilation box set \"\" on September 27, 1994.", "Headline News (song) __knowledge__ The song was written after Yankovic's label insisted he craft a new song to promote the album; Yankovic in turn combined the music of the Crash Test Dummies' song with three news stories that were popular in late 1993 and early 1994.", "Headline News (song) __knowledge__ To help promote the song and album, Yankovic directed a music video that was a direct parody of the Crash Test Dummies' original.", "Headline News (song) __knowledge__ In it, the three news stories are presented as if they are one-act plays before an audience of people.", "Crash Test Dummies __knowledge__ The Crash Test Dummies are a Canadian rock band from Winnipeg, Manitoba.", "Crash Test Dummies __knowledge__ The band is most identifiable through Brad Roberts (vocals, guitar) and his distinctive bass-baritone voice.", "Crash Test Dummies __knowledge__ The band members have fluctuated over the years, but its best known line-up consisted of Roberts, Ellen Reid (co-vocals, keyboards), Brad's brother Dan Roberts (bass guitar, backing vocals), Benjamin Darvill (harmonica, mandolin), and Mitch Dorge (drums, percussion).", "Crash Test Dummies __knowledge__ The band is best known internationally for their 1993 single \"Mmm Mmm Mmm Mmm\" and best known in Canada for the 1991 single Superman's Song.", "Crash Test Dummies __knowledge__ After a multi-year hiatus, the band returned in 2015 with a tour and the new charity single \"Promised Land\" which was a collaboration with Marc Mysterio following up his remix of \"Mmm Mmm Mmm Mmm\".", "Dubble Bubble __knowledge__ Dubble Bubble is a brand of pink-colored bubblegum invented by Walter Diemer, an accountant at Philadelphia based Fleer Chewing Gum Company, in 1928.", "Dubble Bubble __knowledge__ One of Diemer’s hobbies was concocting recipes for chewing gum based on the original Fleer ingredients.", "Dubble Bubble __knowledge__ Though founder Frank Fleer had come up with his own bubble gum recipe in 1906, it was shelved due to its being too sticky and breaking apart too easily.", "Dubble Bubble __knowledge__ It would be another 20 years until Diemer would use the original idea as inspiration for his invention.", "Dubble Bubble __knowledge__ Fleer Chewing Gum Company, in Philadelphia, had been searching for years to produce a formula that allowed bubbles to be blown that did not stick.", "Chewing gum __knowledge__ Chewing gum is a soft, cohesive substance designed to be chewed without being swallowed.", "Chewing gum __knowledge__ Modern chewing gum is composed of gum base, sweeteners, softeners/plasticizers, flavors, colors, and, typically, a hard or powdered polyol coating.", "Chewing gum __knowledge__ Its texture is reminiscent of rubber because of the physical-chemical properties of its polymer, plasticizer, and resin components, which contribute to its elastic-plastic, sticky, chewy characteristics.", "Chewing gum __knowledge__ The cultural tradition of chewing gum seems to have developed through a convergent evolution process, as traces of this habit have arisen separately in many of the early civilizations.", "Bubble Gum Fellow __knowledge__ Bubble Gum Fellow, (Japanese: バブルガムフェロー, 11 April 1993 – 26 April 2010) was a Japanese Thoroughbred racehorse and sire.", "Bubble Gum Fellow __knowledge__ In 1995 he was rated the best juvenile colt of his generation in Japan when he won three of his four races including the Grade I Asahi Hai Sansai Stakes.", "Bubble Gum Fellow __knowledge__ In the following spring he won the Spring Stakes and then returned from a lengthy injury absence to win the autumn edition of the Tenno Sho.", "Bubble Gum Fellow __knowledge__ In 1997 he added wins in the Naruo Kinen and the Mainichi Okan before being retired to stud at the end of the season.", "Bubble Gum Fellow __knowledge__ Apart from his wins he finished second in the Takarazuka Kinen and third in the Japan Cup.", "Prize (marketing) __knowledge__ Prizes are promotional items—small toys, games, trading cards, collectables, and other small items of nominal value—found in packages of brand-name retail products (or available from the retailer at the time of purchase) that are included in the price of the product (at no extra cost) with the intent to boost sales.", "Prize (marketing) __knowledge__ Collectable prizes produced (and sometimes numbered) in series are used extensively—as a loyalty marketing program—in food, drink, and other retail products to increase sales through repeat purchases from collectors.", "Prize (marketing) __knowledge__ Prizes have been distributed through bread, candy, cereal, cheese, chips, crackers, laundry detergent, margarine, popcorn, and soft drinks.", "Bowman Gum __knowledge__ Bowman Gum Company was a Philadelphia-based manufacturer of bubble gum and trading cards in the period surrounding World War II founded by Jacob Warren Bowman.", "Bowman Gum __knowledge__ Originally known as Gum, Inc., the company produced a series of cards known as the \"Play Ball\" sets each year from 1939 to 1941.", "Bowman Gum __knowledge__ Production halted after the United States entered the war, and the company did not return to making baseball, football, and other sports-related trading cards until 1948, then under the Bowman name.", "Bowman Gum __knowledge__ In 1948, they were competing against Leaf Candy Company which left the marketplace in 1950, and in 1950 sold $1 million in baseball cards.", "Walter Diemer __knowledge__ Walter E. Diemer (January 8, 1904 – January 8, 1998) was an accountant and inventor of bubble gum.", "Walter Diemer __knowledge__ Born and raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Diemer was working as an accountant at Fleer in 1926 when the company president sought to cut costs by making their own gum base.", "Walter Diemer __knowledge__ The company's founder, Frank Henry Fleer, had previously made a batch of bubble gum in 1906 which he called \"Blibber Blubber\", but it was too sticky and easily broke.", "Walter Diemer __knowledge__ Although an accountant by trade, Diemer liked to experiment with gum recipes in his spare time.", "Walter Diemer __knowledge__ In doing so, he accidentally stumbled upon a unique recipe.", "Walter Diemer __knowledge__ The gum was pink because it was the only food coloring in the factory, which is the reason most bubble gum today is pink." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lollipop __knowledge__ A lollipop is a type of confectionery consisting of a sweetmeat of hard candy or water-ice mounted on a stick and intended for sucking or licking.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Different informal terms are used in different places, including lolly, sucker, sticky-pop, etc.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Lollipops are available in many flavors and shapes.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Lollipops are available in a number of colors and flavors, particularly fruit flavors.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ With numerous companies producing lollipops, the candy now comes in dozens of flavors and many different shapes.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ They range from small ones which can be bought by the hundred and are often given away for free at banks, barbershops, and other locations, to very large ones made out of candy canes twisted into a circle.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Most lollipops are eaten at room temperature, but \"ice lollipops\" or \"ice lollies\" are frozen water-based lollipops.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Similar confections on a stick made of ice cream, often with a flavored coating, are usually not called by this name.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Some lollipops contain fillings, such as bubble gum or soft candy.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Some novelty lollipops have more unusual items, such as mealworm larvae, embedded in the candy.", "Lollipop __knowledge__ Other novelty lollipops have non-edible centers, such a flashing light, embedded within the candy; there is also a trend of lollipops with sticks attached to a motorized device that makes the entire lollipop spin around in one's mouth.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Lollipop F __knowledge__ Lollipop F (Mandarin name 棒棒堂, Japanese name ロリポップF, Korean name 롤리팝 F) was a Taiwanese Mandopop boy band gaining popularity throughout Asia.", "Lollipop F __knowledge__ The group started off with six members, all chosen from Channel [V] Taiwan's show 模范棒棒堂 (\"Bang Bang Tang\", or \"BBT\"), a show which sought to create new male artistes in the entertainment business of Taiwan.", "Lollipop F __knowledge__ Towards the end of 2009, it was announced that the group has split up, with members Liljay and Wang Zi leaving the group.", "Lollipop F __knowledge__ In October 2010, the rest of the members, Owodog, A-Wei, Fabien and William, were regrouped to form Lollipop F, with 'F' representing \"four\", the number of members in their group, as well as their belief in continuing the Lollipop spirit \"forever\".", "Strawberry Bubblegum __knowledge__ \"Strawberry Bubblegum\" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Justin Timberlake for his third studio album, \"The 20/20 Experience\" (2013).", "Strawberry Bubblegum __knowledge__ It was written and produced by Timberlake, Timothy \"Timbaland\" Mosley and Jerome \"J-Roc\" Harmon, with additional writing from James Fauntleroy.", "Strawberry Bubblegum __knowledge__ \"Strawberry Bubblegum\" is a mid-tempo pop, R&B and soul song with elements of EDM and ambient.", "Strawberry Bubblegum __knowledge__ Its music structure received comparison to the works of musicians such as Barry White, Prince and Stevie Wonder.", "Strawberry Bubblegum __knowledge__ Music critics were divided on \"Strawberry Bubblegum\"; the song's production was generally praised, but the lyrics were criticized as being cliché.", "List of Adventure Time characters __knowledge__ The American animated television series \"Adventure Time\" features a cast of fictional characters created by Pendleton Ward.", "List of Adventure Time characters __knowledge__ The series revolves around the adventures of protagonists Finn (voiced by Jeremy Shada), a 17-year-old human boy, and his best friend Jake (voiced by John DiMaggio), a dog with magical powers to change shape and grow and shrink at will.", "List of Adventure Time characters __knowledge__ Finn and Jake live in the post-apocalyptic Land of Ooo, and travel the land while they adventure.", "List of Adventure Time characters __knowledge__ Along the way, they interact with the other main characters of the show: Princess Bubblegum (voiced by Hynden Walch), the Ice King (voiced by Tom Kenny), and Marceline the Vampire Queen (voiced by Olivia Olson).", "Liljay __knowledge__ Liao Xiao Jie (born 廖俊傑; pinyin: Liào Jùn Jié), also known as Xiao Jie or Liljay, is a member of a trio boyband, JPM, with Qiu Wang Zi and Qiu Mao Di.", "Liljay __knowledge__ He was a former member of Lollipop, a Taiwanese Mandopop boyband, which consists of six members, Zhuang Ao Quan/Owodog, Qiu Wang Zi/Prince, Yang Xiao Yu/Fabien, Liao Wei Lian/William, Liu A-wei, and himself.", "Liljay __knowledge__ They were all chosen from Channel [V] Taiwan's show \"Bang Bang Tang\" (\"BBT\" 模范棒棒堂), a show which sought to create new male artists in the entertainment business of Taiwan.", "Liljay __knowledge__ Lollipop signed under the label Gold Typhoon (formerly EMI Capitol) and Channel [V] Taiwan in 2006.", "Mortal Folly / Mortal Recoil __knowledge__ \"Mortal Folly\" and \"Mortal Recoil\" are the twenty-fourth and twenty-fifth episodes of the second season of the American animated television series \"Adventure Time\".", "Mortal Folly / Mortal Recoil __knowledge__ \"Mortal Folly\" was written and storyboarded by Adam Muto and Rebecca Sugar, whereas \"Mortal Recoil\" was written and storyboarded by Jesse Moynihan and Cole Sanchez.", "Mortal Folly / Mortal Recoil __knowledge__ Both were based on a story by Mark Banker, Kent Osborne, Patrick McHale, and series creator Pendleton Ward.", "Mortal Folly / Mortal Recoil __knowledge__ The two episodes originally aired on Cartoon Network on May 2, 2011, and guest starred Ron Perlman as the Lich, and Isabella Acres as young Princess Bubblegum.", "Mortal Folly / Mortal Recoil __knowledge__ Perlman's character would become the series' chief antagonist, and would reappear in several fourth and fifth season episodes.", "Bubblegum pop __knowledge__ Bubblegum pop (also known as bubblegum music or simply bubblegum) is a genre of pop music with an upbeat sound contrived and marketed to appeal to pre-teens and teenagers, which may be produced in an assembly-line process, driven by producers and often using unknown singers.", "Bubblegum pop __knowledge__ Bubblegum's classic period ran from 1967 to 1972.", "Bubblegum pop __knowledge__ A second wave of bubblegum began two years later and ran until 1977 when disco took over and punk rock emerged.", "Bubblegum pop __knowledge__ The genre was predominantly a singles phenomenon rather than an album-oriented one.", "Bubblegum pop __knowledge__ Acts were typically manufactured in the studio using session musicians, and most bubblegum pop groups were one-hit wonders.", "Dubble Bubble __knowledge__ Dubble Bubble is a brand of pink-colored bubblegum invented by Walter Diemer, an accountant at Philadelphia based Fleer Chewing Gum Company, in 1928.", "Dubble Bubble __knowledge__ One of Diemer’s hobbies was concocting recipes for chewing gum based on the original Fleer ingredients.", "Dubble Bubble __knowledge__ Though founder Frank Fleer had come up with his own bubble gum recipe in 1906, it was shelved due to its being too sticky and breaking apart too easily.", "Dubble Bubble __knowledge__ It would be another 20 years until Diemer would use the original idea as inspiration for his invention.", "Dubble Bubble __knowledge__ Fleer Chewing Gum Company, in Philadelphia, had been searching for years to produce a formula that allowed bubbles to be blown that did not stick.", "Walter Diemer __knowledge__ Walter E. Diemer (January 8, 1904 – January 8, 1998) was an accountant and inventor of bubble gum.", "Walter Diemer __knowledge__ Born and raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Diemer was working as an accountant at Fleer in 1926 when the company president sought to cut costs by making their own gum base.", "Walter Diemer __knowledge__ The company's founder, Frank Henry Fleer, had previously made a batch of bubble gum in 1906 which he called \"Blibber Blubber\", but it was too sticky and easily broke.", "Walter Diemer __knowledge__ Although an accountant by trade, Diemer liked to experiment with gum recipes in his spare time.", "Walter Diemer __knowledge__ In doing so, he accidentally stumbled upon a unique recipe.", "Walter Diemer __knowledge__ The gum was pink because it was the only food coloring in the factory, which is the reason most bubble gum today is pink.", "Bubble gum __knowledge__ Bubble gum is a type of chewing gum, designed to be inflated out of the mouth as a bubble.", "Bubble gum __knowledge__ In 1928, Walter Diemer, an accountant for the Fleer Chewing Gum Company in Philadelphia, was experimenting with new gum recipes.", "Bubble gum __knowledge__ One recipe was found to be less sticky than regular chewing gum, and stretched more easily.", "Bubble gum __knowledge__ This gum became highly successful and was eventually named by the president of Fleer as Dubble Bubble because of its stretchy texture.", "Bubble gum __knowledge__ The original bubble gum was pink in color because that was the dye that Diemer had most on hand at the time.", "Bubble gum __knowledge__ In modern chewing gum, if natural rubber such as chicle is used, it must pass several purity and cleanliness tests.", "Blibber-Blubber __knowledge__ Blibber-Blubber was the first bubble gum formulation, developed in 1906 by Frank H. Fleer.", "Blibber-Blubber __knowledge__ However, the gum was never marketed; its texture resembled Silly Putty.", "Blibber-Blubber __knowledge__ It was brittle and sticky and produced sticky wet bubbles that splattered when burst, instead of snapping back, as the formula had too low surface tension and elasticity.", "Blibber-Blubber __knowledge__ It also required vigorous rubbing with a solvent to remove from the face after the bubble had burst.", "Blibber-Blubber __knowledge__ In 1928, after a number of unsuccessful tests of different formulas, Walter Diemer, an accountant, an employee of the Frank H. Fleer Company, improved the Blibber-Blubber formulation by adding latex.", "Bubble Gum Fellow __knowledge__ Bubble Gum Fellow, (Japanese: バブルガムフェロー, 11 April 1993 – 26 April 2010) was a Japanese Thoroughbred racehorse and sire.", "Bubble Gum Fellow __knowledge__ In 1995 he was rated the best juvenile colt of his generation in Japan when he won three of his four races including the Grade I Asahi Hai Sansai Stakes.", "Bubble Gum Fellow __knowledge__ In the following spring he won the Spring Stakes and then returned from a lengthy injury absence to win the autumn edition of the Tenno Sho.", "Bubble Gum Fellow __knowledge__ In 1997 he added wins in the Naruo Kinen and the Mainichi Okan before being retired to stud at the end of the season.", "Bubble Gum Fellow __knowledge__ Apart from his wins he finished second in the Takarazuka Kinen and third in the Japan Cup.", "Prize (marketing) __knowledge__ Prizes are promotional items—small toys, games, trading cards, collectables, and other small items of nominal value—found in packages of brand-name retail products (or available from the retailer at the time of purchase) that are included in the price of the product (at no extra cost) with the intent to boost sales.", "Prize (marketing) __knowledge__ Collectable prizes produced (and sometimes numbered) in series are used extensively—as a loyalty marketing program—in food, drink, and other retail products to increase sales through repeat purchases from collectors.", "Prize (marketing) __knowledge__ Prizes have been distributed through bread, candy, cereal, cheese, chips, crackers, laundry detergent, margarine, popcorn, and soft drinks.", "Chewing gum __knowledge__ Chewing gum is a soft, cohesive substance designed to be chewed without being swallowed.", "Chewing gum __knowledge__ Modern chewing gum is composed of gum base, sweeteners, softeners/plasticizers, flavors, colors, and, typically, a hard or powdered polyol coating.", "Chewing gum __knowledge__ Its texture is reminiscent of rubber because of the physical-chemical properties of its polymer, plasticizer, and resin components, which contribute to its elastic-plastic, sticky, chewy characteristics.", "Chewing gum __knowledge__ The cultural tradition of chewing gum seems to have developed through a convergent evolution process, as traces of this habit have arisen separately in many of the early civilizations." ] ]

[ 4, 9, 64, 5 ]

[ "I do, too. Lollipops are available in so many different colors and flavors, hard to choose!", "That's yummy. I also like lollipops with bubble gum in the center.", "I know that Walter Diemer invented bubble gum in 1904.", "I don't but it must have been good since there are numerous companies developing lollipops now." ]

[ "Lollipop", "Lollipop", "Lollipop", "Lollipop" ]

[ "Rancid (band)", "I like punk rock but I do not know much about Rancid", "How is ska different than punk music?", "What are some popular punk bands besides Rancid" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Rancid is an American punk rock band formed in Berkeley, California in 1991.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Founded by 1980s punk veterans Tim Armstrong, and Matt Freeman, who previously played in the highly influential ska punk band Operation Ivy, Rancid is often credited (along with Green Day and The Offspring) for reviving mainstream interest in punk rock in the United States and bringing punk rock into the mainstream during the mid-1990s.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Over their -year career, Rancid remained signed to an independent record label and retained much of its original fan-base, most of which was connected to its underground roots.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Rancid has had two lineup changes since its inception.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Their current lineup consists of Armstrong on guitar and vocals, Freeman on bass and vocals, Lars Frederiksen on guitar and vocals, and Branden Steineckert on drums.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ The band was formed by Armstrong, Freeman, and former drummer Brett Reed, who left the band in 2006 and was replaced by Steineckert.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Frederiksen joined Rancid in 1993 when the band was searching for a second guitar player.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ To date, Rancid has released nine studio albums, one split album, one compilation, two extended plays, and a series of live online-only albums, and has been featured on a number of compilation albums." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Rancid is an American punk rock band formed in Berkeley, California in 1991.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Founded by 1980s punk veterans Tim Armstrong, and Matt Freeman, who previously played in the highly influential ska punk band Operation Ivy, Rancid is often credited (along with Green Day and The Offspring) for reviving mainstream interest in punk rock in the United States and bringing punk rock into the mainstream during the mid-1990s.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Over their -year career, Rancid remained signed to an independent record label and retained much of its original fan-base, most of which was connected to its underground roots.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Rancid has had two lineup changes since its inception.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Their current lineup consists of Armstrong on guitar and vocals, Freeman on bass and vocals, Lars Frederiksen on guitar and vocals, and Branden Steineckert on drums.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ The band was formed by Armstrong, Freeman, and former drummer Brett Reed, who left the band in 2006 and was replaced by Steineckert.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Frederiksen joined Rancid in 1993 when the band was searching for a second guitar player.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ To date, Rancid has released nine studio albums, one split album, one compilation, two extended plays, and a series of live online-only albums, and has been featured on a number of compilation albums.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ The history of the punk subculture involves the history of punk rock, the history of various punk ideologies, punk fashion, punk visual art, punk literature, dance, and punk film.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ Since emerging in the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia in the mid-1970s, the punk subculture has spread around the globe and evolved into a number of different forms.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ The history of punk plays an important part in the history of subcultures in the 20th century.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ Several precursors to the punk subculture had varying degrees of influence on that culture.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ A number of philosophical and artistic movements were influences on and precursors to the punk movement.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge (sometimes referred to as the Seattle sound) is a subgenre of alternative rock and a subculture that emerged during the in the Pacific Northwest U.S. state of Washington, particularly in Seattle and nearby towns.", "Grunge __knowledge__ The early grunge movement revolved around Seattle's independent record label Sub Pop and that region's underground music scene.", "Grunge __knowledge__ By the early 1990s its popularity had spread, with grunge bands appearing in California, then emerging in other parts of the United States and in Australia, building strong followings and signing major record deals.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge was commercially successful in the early–mid 1990s, due to releases such as Nirvana's \"Nevermind\", Pearl Jam's \"Ten\", Soundgarden's \"Superunknown\", Alice in Chains' \"Dirt\" and Stone Temple Pilots' \"Core\".", "Last Hours __knowledge__ Last Hours (known as Rancid News prior to 2005) is an anti-authoritarian publishing collective.", "Last Hours __knowledge__ From 2003 to 2008 it produced a fanzine, initially called \"Rancid News\" until issue 9, changing its name to \"Last Hours\" from issue 10 till the final issue, 17, in May 2008.", "Last Hours __knowledge__ All 17 issues were edited by Edd Baldry before he stood down as editor.", "Last Hours __knowledge__ Since 2008 \"Last Hours\" has become a publishing collective, launching a website, and releasing two books in the autumn of 2009, Excessive Force and Diary of a miscreant At its inception Rancid News was a punk zine, which began circulation in April 2003 with interviews from AFI, One Minute Silence, and Johnny Truant, alongside articles, columns and reviews.", "Pop punk __knowledge__ Pop punk (also known as punk-pop) is a music genre that fuses elements of punk rock and pop music.", "Pop punk __knowledge__ It typically combines fast tempos, loud and distorted electric guitars, and power chord changes with pop-influenced melodies, vocal styles, and lyrical themes.", "Pop punk __knowledge__ Pop-influenced punk rock emerged in the mid-1970s with a music style that was stylistically similar to power pop.", "Pop punk __knowledge__ By the mid-1980s, several bands merged hardcore punk with pop music to create a new, faster pop punk sound such as Dag Nasty, the Nip Drivers, T.S.O.L., Social Distortion, and the Descendents.", "Pop punk __knowledge__ Pop punk in the United States began to grow in popularity locally in California in the mid-to-late 1980s.", "...And Out Come the Wolves __knowledge__ ...And Out Come the Wolves is the third studio album by the American punk rock band Rancid.", "...And Out Come the Wolves __knowledge__ It was released on August 22, 1995, through Epitaph Records.", "...And Out Come the Wolves __knowledge__ Rancid's popularity and catchy songs made them the subject of a major label bidding war (hence the title, \"...And Out Come the Wolves\" taken from a poem in Jim Carroll's \"The Basketball Diaries\") that ended with the band staying on Epitaph.", "...And Out Come the Wolves __knowledge__ With a sound heavily influenced by ska, which called to mind Tim Armstrong and Matt Freeman's past in Operation Ivy, Rancid became one of the few bands of the mid-to late-1990s boom in punk rock to retain much of its original fanbase.", "Canadian hardcore punk __knowledge__ Canadian hardcore punk originated in the early 1980s.", "Canadian hardcore punk __knowledge__ It was harder, faster, and heavier than the Canadian punk rock that preceded it.", "Canadian hardcore punk __knowledge__ Hardcore punk (usually referred to simply as hardcore) is a punk rock music genre and subculture that originated in the late 1970s.", "Canadian hardcore punk __knowledge__ The origin of the term \"hardcore punk\" is uncertain.", "Canadian hardcore punk __knowledge__ The Vancouver-based band D.O.A.", "Canadian hardcore punk __knowledge__ may have helped to popularize the term with the title of their 1981 album, \"Hardcore '81\".", "Canadian hardcore punk __knowledge__ Hardcore historian Steven Blush said that the term \"hardcore\" is also a reference to the sense of being \"fed up\" with the existing punk and new wave music.", "Canadian hardcore punk __knowledge__ Blush also states that the term refers to \"an extreme: the absolute most Punk.\"", "Green Day __knowledge__ Green Day is an American punk rock band formed in 1986 by lead vocalist and guitarist Billie Joe Armstrong and bassist Mike Dirnt.", "Green Day __knowledge__ For much of the band's career, they have been a trio with drummer Tré Cool, who replaced John Kiffmeyer in 1990 prior to the recording of the band's second studio album, \"Kerplunk\" (1991).", "Green Day __knowledge__ Guitarist Jason White, who has been a touring member since 1999, was a member from 2012 to 2016.", "Green Day __knowledge__ Green Day was originally part of the punk scene at the DIY 924 Gilman Street club in Berkeley, California.", "Green Day __knowledge__ The band's early releases were with the independent record label Lookout!", "Green Day __knowledge__ Records.", "Operation Ivy (band) __knowledge__ Operation Ivy, sometimes called \"Op Ivy,\" (op Iv) was an American punk rock band from Berkeley, California formed in May 1987.", "Operation Ivy (band) __knowledge__ The band was stylistically important as one of the first bands to mix the elements of hardcore punk and ska into a new amalgam called ska punk and was critical to the emergence of Lookout Records and the so-called \"East Bay Sound.\"", "Operation Ivy (band) __knowledge__ The band's name was derived from the Operation Ivy series of nuclear tests in 1952.", "Operation Ivy (band) __knowledge__ Although the band released just one full-length album before breaking up in May 1989, Operation Ivy is well remembered as the direct antecedent of popular band Rancid and for wielding a lasting stylistic influence over numerous other bands.", "Women in punk rock __knowledge__ Women have made significant contributions to punk rock music and its subculture since its inception in the 1970s.", "Women in punk rock __knowledge__ In contrast to the rock music and heavy metal scenes of the 1970s, which were dominated by men, the anarchic, counter-cultural mindset of the punk scene in mid-and-late 1970s encouraged women to participate.", "Women in punk rock __knowledge__ This participation played a role in the historical development of punk music, especially in the U.S. and U.K. at that time, and continues to influence and enable future generations.", "Women in punk rock __knowledge__ Women have participated in the punk scene as lead singers, instrumentalists, as all-female bands, zine contributors and fashion designers.", "Black Flag (band) __knowledge__ Black Flag was an American punk rock band formed in 1976 in Hermosa Beach, California.", "Black Flag (band) __knowledge__ Initially called Panic, the band was established by Greg Ginn, the guitarist, primary songwriter, and sole continuous member through multiple personnel changes in the band.", "Black Flag (band) __knowledge__ They are widely considered to be one of the first hardcore punk bands as well as one of the pioneers of After breaking up in 1986, Black Flag reunited in 2003 and again in 2013.", "Black Flag (band) __knowledge__ Black Flag's sound mixed the raw simplicity of the Ramones with atonal guitar solos and, in later years, frequent tempo shifts.", "Black Flag (band) __knowledge__ The lyrics were written mostly by Ginn, and like other punk bands of the late 1970s and early 1980s, Black Flag voiced an anti-authoritarian and nonconformist message, in songs punctuated with descriptions of social isolation, neurosis, poverty, and paranoia." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Rancid is an American punk rock band formed in Berkeley, California in 1991.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Founded by 1980s punk veterans Tim Armstrong, and Matt Freeman, who previously played in the highly influential ska punk band Operation Ivy, Rancid is often credited (along with Green Day and The Offspring) for reviving mainstream interest in punk rock in the United States and bringing punk rock into the mainstream during the mid-1990s.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Over their -year career, Rancid remained signed to an independent record label and retained much of its original fan-base, most of which was connected to its underground roots.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Rancid has had two lineup changes since its inception.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Their current lineup consists of Armstrong on guitar and vocals, Freeman on bass and vocals, Lars Frederiksen on guitar and vocals, and Branden Steineckert on drums.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ The band was formed by Armstrong, Freeman, and former drummer Brett Reed, who left the band in 2006 and was replaced by Steineckert.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Frederiksen joined Rancid in 1993 when the band was searching for a second guitar player.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ To date, Rancid has released nine studio albums, one split album, one compilation, two extended plays, and a series of live online-only albums, and has been featured on a number of compilation albums.", "Punk rock subgenres __knowledge__ A number of overlapping punk rock subgenres have developed since the emergence of punk rock (often shortened to \"punk\") in the mid-1970s.", "Punk rock subgenres __knowledge__ Even though punk genres at times are difficult to segregate, they usually show differing characteristics in overall structures, instrumental and vocal styles, and tempo.", "Punk rock subgenres __knowledge__ However, sometimes a particular trait is common in several genres, and thus punk genres are normally grouped by a combination of traits.", "Punk rock subgenres __knowledge__ Afro-punk (sometimes spelled AfroPunk) refers to the participation of African Americans in the punk and alternative music cultures.", "Punk rock subgenres __knowledge__ Afro-punks make up a minority in the North American punk scene.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "Punk subculture __knowledge__ Punk subculture includes a diverse array of ideologies, fashion, and other forms of expression, visual art, dance, literature and film.", "Punk subculture __knowledge__ It is largely characterised by anti-establishment views and the promotion of individual freedom, and is centred on a loud, aggressive genre of rock music called punk rock.", "Punk subculture __knowledge__ It's adherents are referred to as \"punks\".", "Punk subculture __knowledge__ Punk politics cover the entire political spectrum.", "Punk subculture __knowledge__ Common punk ethos includes anti-authoritarianism, a do-it-yourself ethic, non-conformity, direct action and not \"selling out\".", "Punk subculture __knowledge__ There is a wide range of punk fashion, including deliberately offensive T-shirts, leather jackets, Dr. Martens boots, etc., hairstyles such as brightly coloured hair and spiked mohawks, etc., cosmetics, tattoos, jewellery and body modification.", "Ska __knowledge__ Ska (; Jamaican: ) is a music genre that originated in Jamaica in the late 1950s and was the precursor to rocksteady and reggae.", "Ska __knowledge__ Ska combined elements of Caribbean mento and calypso with American jazz and rhythm and blues.", "Ska __knowledge__ It is characterized by a walking bass line accented with rhythms on the off-beat.", "Ska __knowledge__ Ska developed in Jamaica in the 1960s when Prince Buster, Clement \"Coxsone\" Dodd, and Duke Reid formed sound systems to play American rhythm and blues and then began recording their own songs.", "Ska __knowledge__ Some suggest ska dates to earlier times, however.", "Ska __knowledge__ In the early 1960s, ska was the dominant music genre of Jamaica and was popular with British mods.", "Skinhead __knowledge__ A skinhead is a member of a subculture originating among working class youths in London, England in the 1960s that soon spread to other parts of the United Kingdom, with a second working class skinhead movement spreading worldwide in the 1980s.", "Skinhead __knowledge__ Motivated by social alienation and working class solidarity, skinheads are defined by their close-cropped or shaven heads and working class clothing such as Dr. Martens boots, braces, high-ankle straight-leg jeans, and simple shirts.", "Skinhead __knowledge__ The movement reached a peak during the 1960s, and a revival in the 1980s but since then, it has endured in multiple contexts worldwide.", "Skate punk __knowledge__ Skate punk (also known as skate rock, skatecore and skate-thrash) is both a skater subculture and a subgenre of punk rock music.", "Skate punk __knowledge__ Originally a genre of hardcore punk closely associated with skate culture, skate punk changed into a more melodic genre of punk rock in the 1990s.", "Skate punk __knowledge__ The term usually describes the sound of 1990s punk rock bands that have a fast, melodic sound, and similar 21st-century punk rock bands.", "Skate punk __knowledge__ Since the 1990s, skate punk has been a genre that features fast tempos, lead guitar playing (including guitar riffs and guitar solos), fast drumming (usually blast beats), and singing (sometimes including vocal harmonies).", "Japanese ska __knowledge__ Japanese ska is ska (スカ \"Suka\") music made in Japan by Japanese artists with lyrics in the Japanese language or in English.", "Japanese ska __knowledge__ It is, along with its counterparts elsewhere in the world, part of what has been called the \"third wave of ska [that] combines the traditional Jamaican Club sound with metal, punk, folk, funk, and/or country.\"", "Japanese ska __knowledge__ Having been formed in the 1980s and enjoying international success (including extensive touring in the United States and Europe), the group Tokyo Ska Paradise Orchestra is arguably the original and best-known Japanese ska ensemble.", "Japanese ska __knowledge__ 175R, Beat Crusaders, The Boom, Kemuri, Kojima, Lisa, Mongol800, Tsu Shi Ma Mi Re, Shaka Labbits, Gelugugu, Potshot, Yum!Yum!Orange, Yukihiro Takahashi, Ska Ska Club, Kasutera and OreSkaBand are other artists that have performed Japanese ska (though not exclusively).", "Tim Armstrong __knowledge__ Timothy Lockwood Armstrong (born November 25, 1965) is an American musician, singer, songwriter, producer, and actor.", "Tim Armstrong __knowledge__ He is best known as the singer/guitarist for the punk rock band Rancid and hip hop/punk rock supergroup the Transplants.", "Tim Armstrong __knowledge__ Prior to forming Rancid, Armstrong was in the influential ska punk band Operation Ivy.", "Tim Armstrong __knowledge__ In 1997, along with Brett Gurewitz of the band Bad Religion and owner of Epitaph Records, Armstrong founded Hellcat Records.", "Tim Armstrong __knowledge__ In 2012, through his website, Armstrong started releasing music that influenced him, along with stripped-down cover songs of his own work under the name Tim Timebomb.", "Australian ska __knowledge__ The Australian ska scene has existed since the mid-1980s, when it started enjoying the same sort of interest as it did in the United Kingdom, following the success of UK 2 Tone bands such as The Specials, The Beat and Madness.", "Australian ska __knowledge__ The first Australian ska band was Adelaide-based band The Jumpers, which formed in 1979.", "Australian ska __knowledge__ Other early Australian ska bands included Sydney bands Allniters, The Hangovers and Itchy Feet (led by vocalist Tim Freedman, who went on to form the commercially successful band The Whitlams) and Melbourne bands Strange Tenants, No Nonsense and Loonee Tunes.", "Australian ska __knowledge__ The Allniters, No Nonsense and Strange Tenants were the most high-profile Australian ska bands of this era.", "Christian ska __knowledge__ Christian ska is a form of Christian alternative rock, and subgenre of ska and ska-punk which is lyrically oriented toward contemporary Christian music.", "Christian ska __knowledge__ Though ska did not constitute a genre within the Christian music industry until after third wave ska had peaked in the general market, Christian ska continued to thrive independently into the early 2000s.", "Christian ska __knowledge__ Ska music came to be seen as \"an excellent vehicle for exhortation and praise due to its up front lyrical style\" and upbeat, energetic, joyful sound.", "Christian ska __knowledge__ While there were a large number of smaller bands, ska in the Christian marketplace in the late 1990s came to be primarily represented by three bands: The Insyderz, The O. C. Supertones, and Five Iron Frenzy; all of whom were commercially successful and ministry-oriented in their own right.", "Green Day __knowledge__ Green Day is an American punk rock band formed in 1986 by lead vocalist and guitarist Billie Joe Armstrong and bassist Mike Dirnt.", "Green Day __knowledge__ For much of the band's career, they have been a trio with drummer Tré Cool, who replaced John Kiffmeyer in 1990 prior to the recording of the band's second studio album, \"Kerplunk\" (1991).", "Green Day __knowledge__ Guitarist Jason White, who has been a touring member since 1999, was a member from 2012 to 2016.", "Green Day __knowledge__ Green Day was originally part of the punk scene at the DIY 924 Gilman Street club in Berkeley, California.", "Green Day __knowledge__ The band's early releases were with the independent record label Lookout!", "Green Day __knowledge__ Records.", "Operation Ivy (band) __knowledge__ Operation Ivy, sometimes called \"Op Ivy,\" (op Iv) was an American punk rock band from Berkeley, California formed in May 1987.", "Operation Ivy (band) __knowledge__ The band was stylistically important as one of the first bands to mix the elements of hardcore punk and ska into a new amalgam called ska punk and was critical to the emergence of Lookout Records and the so-called \"East Bay Sound.\"", "Operation Ivy (band) __knowledge__ The band's name was derived from the Operation Ivy series of nuclear tests in 1952.", "Operation Ivy (band) __knowledge__ Although the band released just one full-length album before breaking up in May 1989, Operation Ivy is well remembered as the direct antecedent of popular band Rancid and for wielding a lasting stylistic influence over numerous other bands." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Rancid is an American punk rock band formed in Berkeley, California in 1991.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Founded by 1980s punk veterans Tim Armstrong, and Matt Freeman, who previously played in the highly influential ska punk band Operation Ivy, Rancid is often credited (along with Green Day and The Offspring) for reviving mainstream interest in punk rock in the United States and bringing punk rock into the mainstream during the mid-1990s.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Over their -year career, Rancid remained signed to an independent record label and retained much of its original fan-base, most of which was connected to its underground roots.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Rancid has had two lineup changes since its inception.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Their current lineup consists of Armstrong on guitar and vocals, Freeman on bass and vocals, Lars Frederiksen on guitar and vocals, and Branden Steineckert on drums.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ The band was formed by Armstrong, Freeman, and former drummer Brett Reed, who left the band in 2006 and was replaced by Steineckert.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ Frederiksen joined Rancid in 1993 when the band was searching for a second guitar player.", "Rancid (band) __knowledge__ To date, Rancid has released nine studio albums, one split album, one compilation, two extended plays, and a series of live online-only albums, and has been featured on a number of compilation albums.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "Pop punk __knowledge__ Pop punk (also known as punk-pop) is a music genre that fuses elements of punk rock and pop music.", "Pop punk __knowledge__ It typically combines fast tempos, loud and distorted electric guitars, and power chord changes with pop-influenced melodies, vocal styles, and lyrical themes.", "Pop punk __knowledge__ Pop-influenced punk rock emerged in the mid-1970s with a music style that was stylistically similar to power pop.", "Pop punk __knowledge__ By the mid-1980s, several bands merged hardcore punk with pop music to create a new, faster pop punk sound such as Dag Nasty, the Nip Drivers, T.S.O.L., Social Distortion, and the Descendents.", "Pop punk __knowledge__ Pop punk in the United States began to grow in popularity locally in California in the mid-to-late 1980s.", "Punk rock in California __knowledge__ Since the late 1970s, California has had a thriving regional punk rock movement.", "Punk rock in California __knowledge__ It primarily consists of (but is not limited to) bands from the Los Angeles, Orange County, Ventura County, San Diego, San Fernando Valley, San Francisco, Fresno, Bakersfield, Alameda County, Sacramento, Lake Tahoe, Oakland and Berkeley areas.", "Punk rock in California __knowledge__ Los Angeles had a very strong glam rock scene in the early 1970s, mostly centered on the club Rodney Bingenheimer's English Disco, run by Rodney Bingenheimer, who later, as a disc jockey for KROQ's \"Rodney on the ROQ\", did much to promote LA punk bands.", "Punk rock in California __knowledge__ Many figures from this earlier scene would play notable roles in the later punk scene.", "Skate punk __knowledge__ Skate punk (also known as skate rock, skatecore and skate-thrash) is both a skater subculture and a subgenre of punk rock music.", "Skate punk __knowledge__ Originally a genre of hardcore punk closely associated with skate culture, skate punk changed into a more melodic genre of punk rock in the 1990s.", "Skate punk __knowledge__ The term usually describes the sound of 1990s punk rock bands that have a fast, melodic sound, and similar 21st-century punk rock bands.", "Skate punk __knowledge__ Since the 1990s, skate punk has been a genre that features fast tempos, lead guitar playing (including guitar riffs and guitar solos), fast drumming (usually blast beats), and singing (sometimes including vocal harmonies).", "Brisbane punk rock __knowledge__ Brisbane punk rock had its main impact between 1975 and 1984 as part of the overall punk rock scene in Australia.", "Brisbane punk rock __knowledge__ According to rock music historian, Ian McFarlane, the Queensland capital provided \"some of the most anarchistic bands\" of that era whilst it was \"arguably the most conservative city\" in the country.", "Brisbane punk rock __knowledge__ The development of the local punk movement differed from other cities because of its relative geographic isolation from other similar trends.", "Brisbane punk rock __knowledge__ The Brisbane scene also received a greater scrutiny by local police where early punk bands formed as \"an obvious backlash to an oppressed society\".", "Punk rock subgenres __knowledge__ A number of overlapping punk rock subgenres have developed since the emergence of punk rock (often shortened to \"punk\") in the mid-1970s.", "Punk rock subgenres __knowledge__ Even though punk genres at times are difficult to segregate, they usually show differing characteristics in overall structures, instrumental and vocal styles, and tempo.", "Punk rock subgenres __knowledge__ However, sometimes a particular trait is common in several genres, and thus punk genres are normally grouped by a combination of traits.", "Punk rock subgenres __knowledge__ Afro-punk (sometimes spelled AfroPunk) refers to the participation of African Americans in the punk and alternative music cultures.", "Punk rock subgenres __knowledge__ Afro-punks make up a minority in the North American punk scene.", "Ska __knowledge__ Ska (; Jamaican: ) is a music genre that originated in Jamaica in the late 1950s and was the precursor to rocksteady and reggae.", "Ska __knowledge__ Ska combined elements of Caribbean mento and calypso with American jazz and rhythm and blues.", "Ska __knowledge__ It is characterized by a walking bass line accented with rhythms on the off-beat.", "Ska __knowledge__ Ska developed in Jamaica in the 1960s when Prince Buster, Clement \"Coxsone\" Dodd, and Duke Reid formed sound systems to play American rhythm and blues and then began recording their own songs.", "Ska __knowledge__ Some suggest ska dates to earlier times, however.", "Ska __knowledge__ In the early 1960s, ska was the dominant music genre of Jamaica and was popular with British mods.", "Bassline __knowledge__ A bassline (also known as a bass line or bass part) is the term used in many styles of popular music, such as jazz, blues, funk, dub and electronic, or traditional music, for the low-pitched instrumental part or line played by a rhythm section instrument such as the electric bass, double bass, cello, tuba or keyboard (piano, Hammond organ, electric organ, or synthesizer).", "Bassline __knowledge__ It is also used sometimes in classical music.", "Bassline __knowledge__ In unaccompanied solo performance, basslines may simply be played in the lower register of any instrument such as guitar or piano while melody and/or further accompaniment is provided in the middle or upper register.", "Music of Jamaica __knowledge__ The music of Jamaica includes Jamaican folk music and many popular genres, such as mento, ska, rocksteady, reggae, dub music, dancehall, reggae fusion and related styles.", "Music of Jamaica __knowledge__ Reggae is especially popular through the international fame of Bob Marley.", "Music of Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaican music's influence on music styles in other countries includes the practice of toasting, which was brought to New York City and evolved into rapping.", "Music of Jamaica __knowledge__ British genres such as Lovers rock, jungle music and grime are also influenced by Jamaican music.", "Music of Jamaica __knowledge__ Mento is a style Jamaican music that predates and has greatly influenced ska and reggae music.", "Music of Jamaica __knowledge__ Mento typically features acoustic instruments, such as acoustic guitar, banjo, hand drums, and the rhumba box—a large mbira in the shape of a box that can be sat on while played.", "Reggae __knowledge__ Reggae () is a music genre that originated in Jamaica in the late 1960s.", "Reggae __knowledge__ The term also denotes the modern popular music of Jamaica and its diaspora.", "Reggae __knowledge__ A 1968 single by Toots and the Maytals, \"Do the Reggay\" was the first popular song to use the word \"reggae,\" effectively naming the genre and introducing it to a global audience.", "Reggae __knowledge__ While sometimes used in a broad sense to refer to most types of popular Jamaican dance music, the term \"reggae\" more properly denotes a particular music style that was strongly influenced by traditional mento as well as American jazz and rhythm and blues, especially the New Orleans R&B practiced by Fats Domino and Allen Toussaint, and evolved out of the earlier genres ska and rocksteady.", "Orgelbüchlein __knowledge__ The Orgelbüchlein (\"Little Organ Book\") BWV 599−644 is a collection of 46 chorale preludes for organ written by Johann Sebastian Bach.", "Orgelbüchlein __knowledge__ All but three of them were composed during the period 1708–1717, while Bach was court organist at the ducal court in Weimar.", "Orgelbüchlein __knowledge__ The remaining three, along with a short two-bar fragment, were added in 1726 or later, after Bach's appointment as cantor at the Thomasschule in Leipzig.", "Orgelbüchlein __knowledge__ The collection was originally planned as a set of 164 chorale preludes spanning the whole liturgical year.", "Orgelbüchlein __knowledge__ The chorale preludes form the first of Bach's masterpieces for organ with a mature compositional style in marked contrast to his previous compositions for the instrument.", "List of Caribbean music genres __knowledge__ Caribbean music genres are diverse.", "List of Caribbean music genres __knowledge__ They are each syntheses of African, European, Indian and Indigenous influences, largely created by descendants of African slaves (see Afro-Caribbean music), along with contributions from other communities (such as Indo-Caribbean music).", "List of Caribbean music genres __knowledge__ Some of the styles to gain wide popularity outside the Caribbean include, Bachata, Merenque, Palo, Mombo, Denbo, baithak gana, bouyon, cadence-lypso, calypso, chutney, chutney-soca, compas, dancehall, jing ping, parang, pichakaree, punta, ragga, reggae, reggaeton, salsa, soca, and zouk.", "List of Caribbean music genres __knowledge__ Caribbean is also related to Central American and South American music.", "Six Sonatas for Violin and Harpsichord, BWV 1014–1019 __knowledge__ The six sonatas for violin and obbligato harpsichord BWV 1014–1019 by Johann Sebastian Bach are works in trio sonata form, with the two upper parts in the harpsichord and violin over a bass line supplied by the harpsichord and an optional viola da gamba.", "Six Sonatas for Violin and Harpsichord, BWV 1014–1019 __knowledge__ Unlike baroque sonatas for solo instrument and continuo, where the realisation of the figured bass was left to the discretion of the performer, the keyboard part in the sonatas was almost entirely specified by Bach.", "Six Sonatas for Violin and Harpsichord, BWV 1014–1019 __knowledge__ They were probably mostly composed during Bach's final years in Cöthen between 1720 and 1723, before he moved to Leipzig.", "Six Sonatas for Violin and Harpsichord, BWV 1014–1019 __knowledge__ The extant sources for the collection span the whole of Bach's period in Leipzig, during which time he continued to make changes to the score." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 26, 2 ]

[ "Rancid is one of my favorite bands. They are an American punk band formed in 1991.", "It was formed by Tim Armstrong & Matt Freeman, punk veterans who played in ska bands previously.", "Ska has a walking bass line accented with rythms while punk ecompasses more diverse rhythms.", "Along wigh Rancid, Green Day & The Offspring are credited with reviving mainstream interest in punk rock." ]

[ "Rancid (band)", "Rancid (band)", "Rancid (band)", "Rancid (band)" ]

[ "IPhone\nDo you use an iPhone or Android OS phone?", "Which one do you prefer?", "Yes, iPhone's are pricey. I like the picture quilty of my iPhone 6.", "Yes, so far so good. I had trouble with iPhone 3, 4 & 5. Seems the iphone 6 has ironed out some of the bugs." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Other functionality, such as video games, reference works, and social networking, can be enabled by downloading mobile apps.", "IPhone __knowledge__ , Apple's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Apple has released eleven generations of iPhone models, each accompanied by one of the eleven major releases of the iOS operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The original first-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents, such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google, based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open source software and designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ In addition, Google has further developed Android TV for televisions, Android Auto for cars, and Android Wear for wrist watches, each with a specialized user interface.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Variants of Android are also used on game consoles, digital cameras, PCs and other electronics.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Initially developed by Android Inc., which Google bought in 2005, Android was unveiled in 2007, with the first commercial Android device launched in September 2008.", "Symbian __knowledge__ Symbian was a mobile operating system (OS) and computing platform designed for smartphones.", "Symbian __knowledge__ Symbian was originally developed as a closed-source OS for PDAs in 1998 by Symbian Ltd. Symbian OS was a descendant of Psion's EPOC, and runs exclusively on ARM processors, although an unreleased x86 port existed.", "Symbian __knowledge__ Symbian was used by many major mobile phone brands, like Samsung, Motorola, Sony Ericsson, and above all by Nokia.", "Symbian __knowledge__ It was also prevalent in Japan by brands including Fujitsu, Sharp and Mitsubishi.", "Symbian __knowledge__ As a pioneer that established the smartphone industry, it was the most popular smartphone OS on a worldwide average until the end of 2010 at a time when smartphones were in limited use, when it was overtaken by Android, as Google and its partners achieved wide adoption.", "Samsung Galaxy S III __knowledge__ The Samsung Galaxy S III (or Galaxy S3) is a multi-touch, slate-format smartphone designed, developed, and marketed by Samsung Electronics that runs the Android OS by Google.", "Samsung Galaxy S III __knowledge__ Launched in 2012, it had sold about 70 million units by 2015.", "Samsung Galaxy S III __knowledge__ It has additional software features, expanded hardware, and a redesigned physique from its predecessor, the Samsung Galaxy S II.", "Samsung Galaxy S III __knowledge__ The \"S III\" employs an intelligent personal assistant (S Voice), eye-tracking ability, and increased storage.", "Samsung Galaxy S III __knowledge__ Although a wireless charging option was announced, it never came to fruition.", "Samsung Galaxy S III __knowledge__ However there are third party kits which add support for wireless charging.", "Mobile operating system __knowledge__ A mobile operating system (or mobile OS) is an operating system for phones, tablets, smartwatches, or other mobile devices.", "Mobile operating system __knowledge__ While computers such as typical laptops are 'mobile', the operating systems usually used on them are not considered mobile ones, as they were originally designed for desktop computers that historically did not have or need specific \"mobile\" features.", "Mobile operating system __knowledge__ This distinction is becoming blurred in some newer operating systems that are hybrids made for both uses.", "Mobile operating system __knowledge__ Mobile operating systems combine features of a personal computer operating system with other features useful for mobile or handheld use; usually including, and most of the following considered essential in modern mobile systems; a touchscreen, cellular, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi Protected Access, Wi-Fi, Global Positioning System (GPS) mobile navigation, video- and single-frame picture cameras, speech recognition, voice recorder, music player, near field communication, and infrared blaster.", "BlackBerry Limited __knowledge__ BlackBerry Limited is a Canadian multinational company specializing in enterprise software and the Internet of things.", "BlackBerry Limited __knowledge__ Originally known as Research In Motion (RIM), it is best known to the general public as the former developer of the BlackBerry brand of smartphones, and tablets, it transitioned to an enterprise software and services company under CEO John S. Chen.", "BlackBerry Limited __knowledge__ Its products are used worldwide by various businesses, car makers, and government agencies, and include the AtHoc crisis communications platform, the QNX real-time operating system, and BlackBerry UEM, an endpoint management platform.", "HTC Evo 4G __knowledge__ The HTC Evo 4G (trademarked in capitals as EVO 4G, also marketed as HTC EVO WiMAX ISW11HT in Japan) is a smartphone developed by HTC Corporation and marketed as Sprint's flagship Android smartphone, running on its WiMAX network.", "HTC Evo 4G __knowledge__ The smartphone launched on June 4, 2010 and was the first 4G enabled smartphone released in the United States.", "HTC Evo 4G __knowledge__ During development, the device was known as the HTC \"Supersonic\", which was leaked through the Internet and was known as a variant of the HTC HD2 running Android.", "HTC Evo 4G __knowledge__ The EVO was released on June 4, 2010 in the United States through Sprint.", "HTC Evo 4G __knowledge__ The device became the top-selling launch day phone on Sprint, surpassing the Palm Pre, Samsung Instinct and Motorola Razr V3." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Other functionality, such as video games, reference works, and social networking, can be enabled by downloading mobile apps.", "IPhone __knowledge__ , Apple's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Apple has released eleven generations of iPhone models, each accompanied by one of the eleven major releases of the iOS operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The original first-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents, such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attractiveness is the degree to which a person's physical features are considered aesthetically pleasing or beautiful.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ The term often implies sexual attractiveness or desirability, but can also be distinct from either.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ There are many factors which influence one person's attraction to another, with physical aspects being one of them.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attraction itself includes universal perceptions common to all human cultures, as well as aspects that are culturally and socially dependent, along with individual subjective preferences.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ In many cases, humans subconsciously attribute positive characteristics, such as intelligence and honesty, to physically attractive people.", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ In biology, any group of fish that stay together for social reasons are shoaling (pronounced ), and if the group is swimming in the same direction in a coordinated manner, they are schooling (pronounced ).", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ In common usage, the terms are sometimes used rather loosely.", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ About one quarter of fish species shoal all their lives, and about one half shoal for part of their lives.", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ Fish derive many benefits from shoaling behaviour including defence against predators (through better predator detection and by diluting the chance of individual capture), enhanced foraging success, and higher success in finding a mate.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ The MBTI was constructed by Katharine Cook Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ It is based on the conceptual theory proposed by Carl Jung, who had speculated that humans experience the world using four principal psychological functions – sensation, intuition, feeling, and thinking – and that one of these four functions is dominant for a person most of the time.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ The MBTI was constructed for normal populations and emphasizes the value of naturally occurring differences.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ \"The underlying assumption of the MBTI is that we all have specific preferences in the way we construe our experiences, and these preferences underlie our interests, needs, values, and motivation.\"", "Schulze STV __knowledge__ Schulze STV is a draft ranked voting system designed to achieve proportional representation.", "Schulze STV __knowledge__ It is a single transferable vote (STV) voting system.", "Schulze STV __knowledge__ It was invented by Markus Schulze who developed the Schulze method for resolving ties under the Condorcet method.", "Schulze STV __knowledge__ It is similar to CPO-STV in that it compares possible winning sets of candidate outcomes pairwise and selects the Condorcet winner.", "Schulze STV __knowledge__ However, unlike CPO-STV, it only compares outcomes that differ by a single candidate.", "Schulze STV __knowledge__ Comparing outcomes that differ by more than one candidate is accomplished by finding the strongest path.", "Schulze STV __knowledge__ The method is based on Schulze's investigations into vote management and free riding.", "Metallic dragon __knowledge__ Metallic dragon is a classification of dragon found in the role playing game \"Dungeons & Dragons\".", "Metallic dragon __knowledge__ In this setting metallic dragons are of good alignment.", "Metallic dragon __knowledge__ Bahamut is the deity of good-aligned dragons and metallic dragons, and currently the only known Platinum dragon in existence.", "Metallic dragon __knowledge__ Metallic dragons have played a large role in D&D's various monster compilation books, and for most of the game's history five main types - brass, copper, bronze, silver, and gold - were presented as roughly analogous to the five types of chromatic dragons.", "Metallic dragon __knowledge__ The fourth edition of the game's second \"Monster Manual\" substituted iron and adamantine dragons for brass and bronze, and released the latter dragons in a later book alongside cobalt, mercury, mithral, orium, and steel dragons.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ The psychology of art is an interdisciplinary field that studies the perception, cognition and characteristics of art and its production.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ For the use of art materials as a form of psychotherapy, see art therapy.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ The psychology of art is related to architectural psychology and environmental psychology.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ The work of Theodor Lipps, a Munich-based research psychologist, played an important role in the early development of the concept of \"art psychology\" in the early decade of the twentieth century.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ His most important contribution in this respect was his attempt to theorize the question of Einfuehlung or \"empathy\", a term that was to become a key element in many subsequent theories of \"art psychology\".", "Ellsberg paradox __knowledge__ The Ellsberg paradox is a paradox in decision theory in which people's choices violate the postulates of subjective expected utility.", "Ellsberg paradox __knowledge__ It is generally taken to be evidence for ambiguity aversion.", "Ellsberg paradox __knowledge__ The paradox was popularized by Daniel Ellsberg, although a version of it was noted considerably earlier by John Maynard Keynes.", "Ellsberg paradox __knowledge__ The basic idea is that people overwhelmingly prefer taking on risk in situations where they know specific odds rather than an alternative risk scenario in which the odds are completely ambiguous—they will always choose a known probability of winning over an unknown probability of winning even if the known probability is low and the unknown probability could be a guarantee of winning.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ A smartphone is a handheld personal computer with a mobile operating system and an integrated mobile broadband cellular network connection for voice, SMS, and Internet data communication; most if not all smartphones also support Wi-Fi.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Smartphones are typically pocket-sized, as opposed to tablets, which are much larger.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ They are able to run a variety of software components, known as “apps”.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Most basic apps (e.g.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ event calendar, camera, web browser) come pre-installed with the system, while others are available for download from places like the Google Play Store or Apple App Store.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Apps can receive bug fixes and gain additional functionality through software updates; similarly, operating systems are able to update.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, or Xcode.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google, based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open source software and designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ In addition, Google has further developed Android TV for televisions, Android Auto for cars, and Android Wear for wrist watches, each with a specialized user interface.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Variants of Android are also used on game consoles, digital cameras, PCs and other electronics.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Initially developed by Android Inc., which Google bought in 2005, Android was unveiled in 2007, with the first commercial Android device launched in September 2008.", "BlackBerry Limited __knowledge__ BlackBerry Limited is a Canadian multinational company specializing in enterprise software and the Internet of things.", "BlackBerry Limited __knowledge__ Originally known as Research In Motion (RIM), it is best known to the general public as the former developer of the BlackBerry brand of smartphones, and tablets, it transitioned to an enterprise software and services company under CEO John S. Chen.", "BlackBerry Limited __knowledge__ Its products are used worldwide by various businesses, car makers, and government agencies, and include the AtHoc crisis communications platform, the QNX real-time operating system, and BlackBerry UEM, an endpoint management platform.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The iPhone 5S is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. Part of the iPhone series, the device was unveiled on September 10, 2013, at Apple's Cupertino headquarters.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ It was released on September 20, 2013, along with its lower-cost counterpart, the iPhone 5c.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The iPhone 5S maintains almost the same external design as its predecessor, the iPhone 5, although the 5S received a new white/gold color scheme in addition to white/silver and space gray/black, however the 5S has vastly upgraded internal hardware.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The 5S introduced the A7 64-bit dual-core system-on-chip, the first 64-bit processor to be used on a smartphone, accompanied by the M7 \"motion co-processor\".", "Samsung Galaxy S III __knowledge__ The Samsung Galaxy S III (or Galaxy S3) is a multi-touch, slate-format smartphone designed, developed, and marketed by Samsung Electronics that runs the Android OS by Google.", "Samsung Galaxy S III __knowledge__ Launched in 2012, it had sold about 70 million units by 2015.", "Samsung Galaxy S III __knowledge__ It has additional software features, expanded hardware, and a redesigned physique from its predecessor, the Samsung Galaxy S II.", "Samsung Galaxy S III __knowledge__ The \"S III\" employs an intelligent personal assistant (S Voice), eye-tracking ability, and increased storage.", "Samsung Galaxy S III __knowledge__ Although a wireless charging option was announced, it never came to fruition.", "Samsung Galaxy S III __knowledge__ However there are third party kits which add support for wireless charging." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Other functionality, such as video games, reference works, and social networking, can be enabled by downloading mobile apps.", "IPhone __knowledge__ , Apple's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Apple has released eleven generations of iPhone models, each accompanied by one of the eleven major releases of the iOS operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The original first-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents, such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The devices are part of the iPhone series and were announced on September 9, 2014, and released on September 19, 2014.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus jointly serve as successors to the iPhone 5S and were themselves replaced as flagship devices of the iPhone series by the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus on September 9, 2015.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus include larger displays, a faster processor, upgraded cameras, improved LTE and Wi-Fi connectivity and support for a near field communications-based mobile payments offering.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the-air software updates.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The iPhone 5S is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. Part of the iPhone series, the device was unveiled on September 10, 2013, at Apple's Cupertino headquarters.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ It was released on September 20, 2013, along with its lower-cost counterpart, the iPhone 5c.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The iPhone 5S maintains almost the same external design as its predecessor, the iPhone 5, although the 5S received a new white/gold color scheme in addition to white/silver and space gray/black, however the 5S has vastly upgraded internal hardware.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The 5S introduced the A7 64-bit dual-core system-on-chip, the first 64-bit processor to be used on a smartphone, accompanied by the M7 \"motion co-processor\".", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ The iPhone 5 is a smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ It is the sixth generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 4S and preceding the iPhone 5S and iPhone 5C.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ Formally unveiled as part of a press event on September 12, 2012, it was released on September 21, 2012.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ The iPhone 5 is the first iPhone to be announced in September and setting a trend for subsequent iPhone releases, the first iPhone to be completely developed under the guidance of Tim Cook and the last iPhone to be overseen by Steve Jobs.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ The iPhone 5 featured major design changes in comparison to its predecessor.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ These included an aluminum-based body which was thinner and lighter than previous models, a taller screen with a nearly aspect ratio, the Apple A6 system-on-chip, LTE support, and Lightning, a new compact dock connector which replaced the 30-pin design used by previous iPhone models.", "IPhone SE __knowledge__ The iPhone SE is a smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc. as part of the iPhone series of devices.", "IPhone SE __knowledge__ It was unveiled on March 21, 2016, at Apple's Cupertino headquarters, and was released on March 31, 2016.", "IPhone SE __knowledge__ Despite chronologically succeeding the iPhone 6 family's launch, the iPhone SE serves as a successor of the .", "IPhone SE __knowledge__ It maintains the 4-inch screen size and largely identical design to the 5S, but includes selected hardware upgrades from the larger iPhone 6S model, including its updated processor, rear camera, and support for iOS 10 and iOS 11 software features, such as Apple Pay, always-on Siri activation, and Live Photos.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ The iPhone 4S (retroactively stylized with a lowercase 's' as iPhone 4s as of September 2013) is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ It is the fifth generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 4 and preceding the iPhone 5.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ Announced on October 4, 2011 at Apple's Cupertino campus, its media coverage was accompanied by news of the death of former Apple CEO and co-founder Steve Jobs on the following day.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ Orders could be placed on October 7, 2011 and mainstream availability in retail stores began on October 14, 2011 in the United States, Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Japan.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google, based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open source software and designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ In addition, Google has further developed Android TV for televisions, Android Auto for cars, and Android Wear for wrist watches, each with a specialized user interface.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Variants of Android are also used on game consoles, digital cameras, PCs and other electronics.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Initially developed by Android Inc., which Google bought in 2005, Android was unveiled in 2007, with the first commercial Android device launched in September 2008.", "IPad __knowledge__ iPad ( ) is a line of tablet computers designed, developed and marketed by Apple Inc., which run the iOS mobile operating system.", "IPad __knowledge__ The first iPad was released on April 3, 2010; the most recent iPad models are the iPad (2017), released on March 24, 2017, the and 2G iPad Pro released on June 13, 2017.", "IPad __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPad __knowledge__ All iPads can connect via Wi-Fi; some models also have cellular connectivity.", "IPad __knowledge__ As of January 2015, Apple had sold more than 250 million iPads, though sales peaked in 2013 and it is now the second-most popular kind of tablet computer, by sales, after Android-based types.", "BlackBerry Limited __knowledge__ BlackBerry Limited is a Canadian multinational company specializing in enterprise software and the Internet of things.", "BlackBerry Limited __knowledge__ Originally known as Research In Motion (RIM), it is best known to the general public as the former developer of the BlackBerry brand of smartphones, and tablets, it transitioned to an enterprise software and services company under CEO John S. Chen.", "BlackBerry Limited __knowledge__ Its products are used worldwide by various businesses, car makers, and government agencies, and include the AtHoc crisis communications platform, the QNX real-time operating system, and BlackBerry UEM, an endpoint management platform.", "Samsung Galaxy S III __knowledge__ The Samsung Galaxy S III (or Galaxy S3) is a multi-touch, slate-format smartphone designed, developed, and marketed by Samsung Electronics that runs the Android OS by Google.", "Samsung Galaxy S III __knowledge__ Launched in 2012, it had sold about 70 million units by 2015.", "Samsung Galaxy S III __knowledge__ It has additional software features, expanded hardware, and a redesigned physique from its predecessor, the Samsung Galaxy S II.", "Samsung Galaxy S III __knowledge__ The \"S III\" employs an intelligent personal assistant (S Voice), eye-tracking ability, and increased storage.", "Samsung Galaxy S III __knowledge__ Although a wireless charging option was announced, it never came to fruition.", "Samsung Galaxy S III __knowledge__ However there are third party kits which add support for wireless charging.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ A smartphone is a handheld personal computer with a mobile operating system and an integrated mobile broadband cellular network connection for voice, SMS, and Internet data communication; most if not all smartphones also support Wi-Fi.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Smartphones are typically pocket-sized, as opposed to tablets, which are much larger.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ They are able to run a variety of software components, known as “apps”.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Most basic apps (e.g.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ event calendar, camera, web browser) come pre-installed with the system, while others are available for download from places like the Google Play Store or Apple App Store.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Apps can receive bug fixes and gain additional functionality through software updates; similarly, operating systems are able to update.", "Feature phone __knowledge__ Feature phone is a term typically used as a retronym to describe a class of mobile phone handheld computers.", "Feature phone __knowledge__ These devices have additional functions over and above what is known as the \"basic mobile phone\" or \"dumbphone\" which is only capable of voice calling and text messaging.", "Feature phone __knowledge__ Feature phones tend to use a proprietary, custom-designed software and user interface, and lack the capabilities of smartphones.", "Feature phone __knowledge__ Feature phones typically provide voice calling and text messaging functionality, in addition to basic multimedia and Internet capabilities, and other services offered by the user's wireless service provider." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Other functionality, such as video games, reference works, and social networking, can be enabled by downloading mobile apps.", "IPhone __knowledge__ , Apple's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Apple has released eleven generations of iPhone models, each accompanied by one of the eleven major releases of the iOS operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The original first-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents, such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The devices are part of the iPhone series and were announced on September 9, 2014, and released on September 19, 2014.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus jointly serve as successors to the iPhone 5S and were themselves replaced as flagship devices of the iPhone series by the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus on September 9, 2015.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus include larger displays, a faster processor, upgraded cameras, improved LTE and Wi-Fi connectivity and support for a near field communications-based mobile payments offering.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the-air software updates.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The iPhone 5S is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. Part of the iPhone series, the device was unveiled on September 10, 2013, at Apple's Cupertino headquarters.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ It was released on September 20, 2013, along with its lower-cost counterpart, the iPhone 5c.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The iPhone 5S maintains almost the same external design as its predecessor, the iPhone 5, although the 5S received a new white/gold color scheme in addition to white/silver and space gray/black, however the 5S has vastly upgraded internal hardware.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The 5S introduced the A7 64-bit dual-core system-on-chip, the first 64-bit processor to be used on a smartphone, accompanied by the M7 \"motion co-processor\".", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ The iPhone 5 is a smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ It is the sixth generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 4S and preceding the iPhone 5S and iPhone 5C.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ Formally unveiled as part of a press event on September 12, 2012, it was released on September 21, 2012.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ The iPhone 5 is the first iPhone to be announced in September and setting a trend for subsequent iPhone releases, the first iPhone to be completely developed under the guidance of Tim Cook and the last iPhone to be overseen by Steve Jobs.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ The iPhone 5 featured major design changes in comparison to its predecessor.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ These included an aluminum-based body which was thinner and lighter than previous models, a taller screen with a nearly aspect ratio, the Apple A6 system-on-chip, LTE support, and Lightning, a new compact dock connector which replaced the 30-pin design used by previous iPhone models.", "IPhone SE __knowledge__ The iPhone SE is a smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc. as part of the iPhone series of devices.", "IPhone SE __knowledge__ It was unveiled on March 21, 2016, at Apple's Cupertino headquarters, and was released on March 31, 2016.", "IPhone SE __knowledge__ Despite chronologically succeeding the iPhone 6 family's launch, the iPhone SE serves as a successor of the .", "IPhone SE __knowledge__ It maintains the 4-inch screen size and largely identical design to the 5S, but includes selected hardware upgrades from the larger iPhone 6S model, including its updated processor, rear camera, and support for iOS 10 and iOS 11 software features, such as Apple Pay, always-on Siri activation, and Live Photos.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ The iPhone 4S (retroactively stylized with a lowercase 's' as iPhone 4s as of September 2013) is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ It is the fifth generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 4 and preceding the iPhone 5.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ Announced on October 4, 2011 at Apple's Cupertino campus, its media coverage was accompanied by news of the death of former Apple CEO and co-founder Steve Jobs on the following day.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ Orders could be placed on October 7, 2011 and mainstream availability in retail stores began on October 14, 2011 in the United States, Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Japan.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, or Xcode.", "IPad __knowledge__ iPad ( ) is a line of tablet computers designed, developed and marketed by Apple Inc., which run the iOS mobile operating system.", "IPad __knowledge__ The first iPad was released on April 3, 2010; the most recent iPad models are the iPad (2017), released on March 24, 2017, the and 2G iPad Pro released on June 13, 2017.", "IPad __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPad __knowledge__ All iPads can connect via Wi-Fi; some models also have cellular connectivity.", "IPad __knowledge__ As of January 2015, Apple had sold more than 250 million iPads, though sales peaked in 2013 and it is now the second-most popular kind of tablet computer, by sales, after Android-based types.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc., formerly Apple Computer, Inc., is a multinational corporation that creates consumer electronics, personal computers, servers, and computer software, and is a digital distributor of media content.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company also has a chain of retail stores known as Apple Stores.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's core product lines are the iPhone smart phone, iPad tablet computer, iPod portable media players, and Macintosh computer line.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Founders Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak created Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, and incorporated the company on January 3, 1977, in Cupertino, California.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ For more than three decades, Apple Computer was predominantly a manufacturer of personal computers, including the Apple II, Macintosh, and Power Mac lines, but it faced rocky sales and low market share during the 1990s." ] ]

[ 1, 0, 14, 38 ]

[ "I have an Android, but I used to have an iPhone. It's the only smartphone or product I've owned from Apple.", "I switched to Android because they are cheaper to maintain, but I equally liked both. There are certain features iPhone has that Android doesn't, and vice versa.", "I heard the iPhone 6 has a great camera, faster processor and improved LTE connectivity. Sounds like a great product.", "Apple seems to be a great company when it comes to upgrading products. All of their hardware including the iPhone, iPad, MAC pc , etc are all very functional." ]

[ "IPhone", "IPhone", "IPhone", "IPhone" ]

[ "North Dakota\nEver been to North Dakota before?", "Oh I know, I've never been there before though.", "Yeah I can see what you mean, it isn't very well known for anything.", "Probably not a whole lot, to be honest." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota () is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ It is the nineteenth largest in area, the fourth smallest by population, and the fourth most sparsely populated of the 50 states.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota was admitted as the 39th state to the Union on November 2, 1889.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ Its capital is Bismarck, and its largest city is Fargo.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota weathered the Great Recession of the early 21st century with a boom in natural resources, particularly a boom in oil extraction from the Bakken formation, which lies beneath the northwestern part of the state.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ The development drove strong job and population growth, and low unemployment.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is known for its sparsely populated rural landscape, for its long winters that on colder days produce beautiful sun dogs, and for being the childhood home of Lawrence Welk.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is in the U.S. region known as the Great Plains.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ The state shares the Red River of the North with Minnesota to the east.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ South Dakota is to the south, Montana is to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota marking the \"Geographic Center of the North American Continent\".", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ The North Dakota Fighting Hawks represent the University of North Dakota, competing in the Big Sky Conference in the NCAA Division I's Football Championship Subdivision.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ From 1973 to 2008, they played in the NCAA's NCAA Division II, winning the National Championship in 2001.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ From 1955 to 1972, they competed in the NCAA's College Division where they participated in and won three bowl games.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ North Dakota fielded its first football team in 1894.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ In 1922, they were one of the 9 charter members of the North Central Conference, where they competed until 2008 when they upgraded all of their athletic programs to the Division I level and joined the Great West Conference.", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego?", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ is a 1989 edutainment video game that forms part of the \"Carmen Sandiego\" series, and was developed by Broderbund and the North Dakota Database Committee for the Apple II.", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ This \"franchise extension\" is the only game in the series based on a U.S. state, and was patterned after the previous games in the then-four year old series.", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ Intended as a form of \"pilot program\" to test whether region-specific versions for the remaining 49 states were financially viable, the game was released in celebration of North Dakota's centennial celebration, and was aimed at schools to help teach children about the state's history and geography.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ This list of birds of North Dakota includes species documented in the U.S. state of North Dakota.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ The list is derived from eBird data supplemented by the North Dakota Bird Records Committee (NDBRC) review list.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ As of May 2017, the list contains 406 species.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ Of them, 155 and a subspecies are on the review list (see below), eight species have been introduced to North America, and two are extinct.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ This list is presented in the taxonomic sequence of the \"Check-list of North American Birds\", 7th edition through the 58th Supplement, published by the American Ornithological Society (AOS).", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ Common and scientific names are also those of the \"Check-list\".", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The North Dakota State Capitol is the house of government of the U.S. state of North Dakota.", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The Capitol, a 21 story tower, is in Bismarck at 600 East Boulevard Avenue, on a campus that is the site of many other government buildings.", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The capitol building and the surrounding office buildings house the state's legislative and judicial branches, as well as many government agencies.", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The State Capitol is largely surrounded by state government buildings.", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The parks, walking trails, and monuments on the grounds give visitors information about the state's history, making it one of the city's tourist attractions.", "University of North Dakota __knowledge__ The University of North Dakota (also known as UND or North Dakota) is a public research university in Grand Forks, North Dakota.", "University of North Dakota __knowledge__ Established by the Dakota Territorial Assembly in 1883, six years before the establishment of the state of North Dakota, it is the state's oldest.", "University of North Dakota __knowledge__ UND was founded with a strong liberal arts foundation, but has grown into a prominent scientific research university.", "University of North Dakota __knowledge__ It is classified by the Carnegie Foundation as having high research activity, and is considered one of the top academic and research institutions in the northern Midwest..", "University of North Dakota __knowledge__ The University offers a variety of professional and specialized programs, including the only schools of law and medicine in the state of North Dakota.", "North Dakota State University __knowledge__ North Dakota State University of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, more commonly known as North Dakota State University (NDSU), is a public research university that sits on a 258-acre campus (~1 km) in Fargo, North Dakota, U.S.", "North Dakota State University __knowledge__ The institution was founded as North Dakota Agricultural College in 1890 as the research land-grant institution for the state of North Dakota.", "North Dakota State University __knowledge__ NDSU is a comprehensive doctoral research university with programs involved in very high research activity.", "North Dakota State University __knowledge__ NDSU offers 102 undergraduate majors, 170 undergraduate degree programs, 6 undergraduate certificate programs, 79 undergraduate minors, 81 master’s degree programs, 47 doctoral degree programs of study and 10 graduate certificate programs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota () is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ It is the nineteenth largest in area, the fourth smallest by population, and the fourth most sparsely populated of the 50 states.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota was admitted as the 39th state to the Union on November 2, 1889.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ Its capital is Bismarck, and its largest city is Fargo.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota weathered the Great Recession of the early 21st century with a boom in natural resources, particularly a boom in oil extraction from the Bakken formation, which lies beneath the northwestern part of the state.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ The development drove strong job and population growth, and low unemployment.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is known for its sparsely populated rural landscape, for its long winters that on colder days produce beautiful sun dogs, and for being the childhood home of Lawrence Welk.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is in the U.S. region known as the Great Plains.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ The state shares the Red River of the North with Minnesota to the east.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ South Dakota is to the south, Montana is to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota marking the \"Geographic Center of the North American Continent\".", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series The Boys, created by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The Boys are a CIA black ops team, initially created by Col. Greg Mallory to manage, police, and sometimes liquidate Vought-American's superhumans.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ While this is in part to help protect normal humans from the actions of the largely out of control \"supes,\" this is also to ensure that the company lack the stability or the platform to push the use of superhumans in national defense.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ Over time, however, the team's focus was changed, due to Butcher's increased influence, from one of management and containment to one of direct confrontation.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on its Model 206A JetRanger helicopter.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 was in continuous U.S. Army service from 1969 to 2017, when it was retired and replaced in this role by the Boeing AH-64 Apache.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The latest model, the \"OH-58D Kiowa Warrior\", is primarily operated in an armed reconnaissance role in support of ground troops.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 has been exported to Austria, Canada, Croatia, the Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Greece.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Two anime adaptations were produced; one by Toei Animation, which aired from April 4, 1998 to October 10, 1998, and another produced by NAS and animated by Studio Gallop titled \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Duel Monsters\", which aired between April 2000 and September 2004.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ The manga series has spawned a franchise that includes multiple spin-off manga and anime series, a trading card game, and numerous video games.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Most of the incarnations of the franchise involve the fictional trading card game known as \"Duel Monsters\", where each player uses cards to \"duel\" each other in a mock battle of fantasy \"monsters\".", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ This forms the basis for the real life \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It consists of an oxygen and hydrogen atom held together by a covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It is an important but usually minor constituent of water.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It functions as a base, a ligand, a nucleophile and a catalyst.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ The hydroxide ion forms salts, some of which dissociate in aqueous solution, liberating solvated hydroxide ions.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Sodium hydroxide is a multi-million-ton per annum commodity chemical.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ A hydroxide attached to a strongly electropositive center may itself ionize, liberating a hydrogen cation (H), making the parent compound an acid.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ The North Dakota Fighting Hawks represent the University of North Dakota, competing in the Big Sky Conference in the NCAA Division I's Football Championship Subdivision.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ From 1973 to 2008, they played in the NCAA's NCAA Division II, winning the National Championship in 2001.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ From 1955 to 1972, they competed in the NCAA's College Division where they participated in and won three bowl games.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ North Dakota fielded its first football team in 1894.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ In 1922, they were one of the 9 charter members of the North Central Conference, where they competed until 2008 when they upgraded all of their athletic programs to the Division I level and joined the Great West Conference.", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego?", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ is a 1989 edutainment video game that forms part of the \"Carmen Sandiego\" series, and was developed by Broderbund and the North Dakota Database Committee for the Apple II.", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ This \"franchise extension\" is the only game in the series based on a U.S. state, and was patterned after the previous games in the then-four year old series.", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ Intended as a form of \"pilot program\" to test whether region-specific versions for the remaining 49 states were financially viable, the game was released in celebration of North Dakota's centennial celebration, and was aimed at schools to help teach children about the state's history and geography.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ This list of birds of North Dakota includes species documented in the U.S. state of North Dakota.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ The list is derived from eBird data supplemented by the North Dakota Bird Records Committee (NDBRC) review list.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ As of May 2017, the list contains 406 species.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ Of them, 155 and a subspecies are on the review list (see below), eight species have been introduced to North America, and two are extinct.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ This list is presented in the taxonomic sequence of the \"Check-list of North American Birds\", 7th edition through the 58th Supplement, published by the American Ornithological Society (AOS).", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ Common and scientific names are also those of the \"Check-list\".", "University of North Dakota __knowledge__ The University of North Dakota (also known as UND or North Dakota) is a public research university in Grand Forks, North Dakota.", "University of North Dakota __knowledge__ Established by the Dakota Territorial Assembly in 1883, six years before the establishment of the state of North Dakota, it is the state's oldest.", "University of North Dakota __knowledge__ UND was founded with a strong liberal arts foundation, but has grown into a prominent scientific research university.", "University of North Dakota __knowledge__ It is classified by the Carnegie Foundation as having high research activity, and is considered one of the top academic and research institutions in the northern Midwest..", "University of North Dakota __knowledge__ The University offers a variety of professional and specialized programs, including the only schools of law and medicine in the state of North Dakota.", "Bakken Formation __knowledge__ The Bakken Formation is a rock unit from the Late Devonian to Early Mississippian age occupying about of the subsurface of the Williston Basin, underlying parts of Montana, North Dakota, Saskatchewan and Manitoba.", "Bakken Formation __knowledge__ The formation was initially described by geologist J.W.", "Bakken Formation __knowledge__ Nordquist in 1953.", "Bakken Formation __knowledge__ The formation is entirely in the subsurface, and has no surface outcrop.", "Bakken Formation __knowledge__ It is named after Henry Bakken, a farmer in Tioga, North Dakota, who owned the land where the formation was initially discovered, during drilling for oil.", "Bakken Formation __knowledge__ Besides the Bakken formation being a widespread prolific source rock for oil when thermally mature, significant producible oil reserves exist within the rock unit itself.", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The North Dakota State Capitol is the house of government of the U.S. state of North Dakota.", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The Capitol, a 21 story tower, is in Bismarck at 600 East Boulevard Avenue, on a campus that is the site of many other government buildings.", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The capitol building and the surrounding office buildings house the state's legislative and judicial branches, as well as many government agencies.", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The State Capitol is largely surrounded by state government buildings.", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The parks, walking trails, and monuments on the grounds give visitors information about the state's history, making it one of the city's tourist attractions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota () is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ It is the nineteenth largest in area, the fourth smallest by population, and the fourth most sparsely populated of the 50 states.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota was admitted as the 39th state to the Union on November 2, 1889.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ Its capital is Bismarck, and its largest city is Fargo.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota weathered the Great Recession of the early 21st century with a boom in natural resources, particularly a boom in oil extraction from the Bakken formation, which lies beneath the northwestern part of the state.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ The development drove strong job and population growth, and low unemployment.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is known for its sparsely populated rural landscape, for its long winters that on colder days produce beautiful sun dogs, and for being the childhood home of Lawrence Welk.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is in the U.S. region known as the Great Plains.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ The state shares the Red River of the North with Minnesota to the east.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ South Dakota is to the south, Montana is to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota marking the \"Geographic Center of the North American Continent\".", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Stone is a 2010 U.S. crime thriller film directed by John Curran and starring Robert De Niro, Edward Norton and Milla Jovovich.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Most of the filming was done in Washtenaw County, Michigan.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ This was the final film to be released by Overture Films.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Young mother Madylyn Mabry puts her daughter to bed while her husband Jack watches golf on television.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ A bee buzzes around the window as she stays with her girl.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ After the child is asleep, she goes downstairs and announces she's leaving, saying \"You keep my soul in a dungeon.\"", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ He takes a moment to disconnect from the game, then runs upstairs to the bedroom and holds their daughter out the window, threatening to drop her if Madylyn leaves.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ The North Dakota Fighting Hawks represent the University of North Dakota, competing in the Big Sky Conference in the NCAA Division I's Football Championship Subdivision.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ From 1973 to 2008, they played in the NCAA's NCAA Division II, winning the National Championship in 2001.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ From 1955 to 1972, they competed in the NCAA's College Division where they participated in and won three bowl games.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ North Dakota fielded its first football team in 1894.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ In 1922, they were one of the 9 charter members of the North Central Conference, where they competed until 2008 when they upgraded all of their athletic programs to the Division I level and joined the Great West Conference.", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego?", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ is a 1989 edutainment video game that forms part of the \"Carmen Sandiego\" series, and was developed by Broderbund and the North Dakota Database Committee for the Apple II.", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ This \"franchise extension\" is the only game in the series based on a U.S. state, and was patterned after the previous games in the then-four year old series.", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ Intended as a form of \"pilot program\" to test whether region-specific versions for the remaining 49 states were financially viable, the game was released in celebration of North Dakota's centennial celebration, and was aimed at schools to help teach children about the state's history and geography.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ This list of birds of North Dakota includes species documented in the U.S. state of North Dakota.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ The list is derived from eBird data supplemented by the North Dakota Bird Records Committee (NDBRC) review list.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ As of May 2017, the list contains 406 species.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ Of them, 155 and a subspecies are on the review list (see below), eight species have been introduced to North America, and two are extinct.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ This list is presented in the taxonomic sequence of the \"Check-list of North American Birds\", 7th edition through the 58th Supplement, published by the American Ornithological Society (AOS).", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ Common and scientific names are also those of the \"Check-list\".", "North Dakota State University __knowledge__ North Dakota State University of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, more commonly known as North Dakota State University (NDSU), is a public research university that sits on a 258-acre campus (~1 km) in Fargo, North Dakota, U.S.", "North Dakota State University __knowledge__ The institution was founded as North Dakota Agricultural College in 1890 as the research land-grant institution for the state of North Dakota.", "North Dakota State University __knowledge__ NDSU is a comprehensive doctoral research university with programs involved in very high research activity.", "North Dakota State University __knowledge__ NDSU offers 102 undergraduate majors, 170 undergraduate degree programs, 6 undergraduate certificate programs, 79 undergraduate minors, 81 master’s degree programs, 47 doctoral degree programs of study and 10 graduate certificate programs.", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The North Dakota State Capitol is the house of government of the U.S. state of North Dakota.", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The Capitol, a 21 story tower, is in Bismarck at 600 East Boulevard Avenue, on a campus that is the site of many other government buildings.", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The capitol building and the surrounding office buildings house the state's legislative and judicial branches, as well as many government agencies.", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The State Capitol is largely surrounded by state government buildings.", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The parks, walking trails, and monuments on the grounds give visitors information about the state's history, making it one of the city's tourist attractions.", "University of North Dakota __knowledge__ The University of North Dakota (also known as UND or North Dakota) is a public research university in Grand Forks, North Dakota.", "University of North Dakota __knowledge__ Established by the Dakota Territorial Assembly in 1883, six years before the establishment of the state of North Dakota, it is the state's oldest.", "University of North Dakota __knowledge__ UND was founded with a strong liberal arts foundation, but has grown into a prominent scientific research university.", "University of North Dakota __knowledge__ It is classified by the Carnegie Foundation as having high research activity, and is considered one of the top academic and research institutions in the northern Midwest..", "University of North Dakota __knowledge__ The University offers a variety of professional and specialized programs, including the only schools of law and medicine in the state of North Dakota." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota () is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ It is the nineteenth largest in area, the fourth smallest by population, and the fourth most sparsely populated of the 50 states.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota was admitted as the 39th state to the Union on November 2, 1889.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ Its capital is Bismarck, and its largest city is Fargo.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota weathered the Great Recession of the early 21st century with a boom in natural resources, particularly a boom in oil extraction from the Bakken formation, which lies beneath the northwestern part of the state.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ The development drove strong job and population growth, and low unemployment.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is known for its sparsely populated rural landscape, for its long winters that on colder days produce beautiful sun dogs, and for being the childhood home of Lawrence Welk.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is in the U.S. region known as the Great Plains.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ The state shares the Red River of the North with Minnesota to the east.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ South Dakota is to the south, Montana is to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north.", "North Dakota __knowledge__ North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota marking the \"Geographic Center of the North American Continent\".", "I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better __knowledge__ \"I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better\" is a song by the Los Angeles folk rock band the Byrds, first released in June 1965 on the B-side of the band's second single, \"All I Really Want to Do\".", "I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better __knowledge__ It was also included on the Byrds' debut album, \"Mr. Tambourine Man\".", "I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better __knowledge__ Written by Gene Clark, who also sings the lead vocal, \"I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better\" features some of the Byrds' early musical trademarks, including Jim McGuinn's jangling 12-string Rickenbacker guitar; Clark's pounding tambourine; McGuinn, Clark, and David Crosby's complex harmony singing; and a country-influenced guitar solo.", "I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better __knowledge__ Although it was initially released as a B-side, \"I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better\" was itself heavily promoted by Columbia Records during the time that \"All I Really Want to Do\" spent on the \"Billboard\" charts.", "Moscow Oblast __knowledge__ Moscow Oblast (), or Podmoskovye (, literally \"around/near Moscow\"), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).", "Moscow Oblast __knowledge__ With a population of 7,095,120 (2010 Census) living in an area of , it is one of the most densely populated regions in the country and is the second most populous federal subject.", "Moscow Oblast __knowledge__ The oblast has no official administrative center; its public authorities are located in Moscow and across other locations in the oblast.", "Moscow Oblast __knowledge__ Moscow Oblast borders Tver Oblast in the northwest, Yaroslavl Oblast in the north, Vladimir Oblast in the northeast and east, Ryazan Oblast in the southeast, Tula Oblast in the south, Kaluga Oblast in the southwest, and Smolensk Oblast in the west.", "Gene Clark __knowledge__ Harold Eugene \"Gene\" Clark (November 17, 1944 – May 24, 1991) was an American singer-songwriter and founding member of the folk rock band the Byrds.", "Gene Clark __knowledge__ He was the Byrds' principal songwriter between 1964 and early 1966, writing most of the band's best-known originals from this period, including \"I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better\", \"She Don't Care About Time\", and \"Set You Free This Time\".", "Gene Clark __knowledge__ Although he did not achieve commercial success as a solo artist, Clark was in the vanguard of popular music during much of his career, prefiguring developments in such disparate subgenres as psychedelic rock, baroque pop, newgrass, country rock, and alternative country.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement is a defence procurement project of the Canadian government to purchase Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), a process started in 1997.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The F-35 procurement has been a source of considerable controversy in public policy circles in Canada since the federal government announced its intention to purchase the aircraft in 2010.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ In April 2012, with the release of a highly critical Auditor General of Canada report on the failures of the government's F-35 program, the procurement was labelled a national \"scandal\" and \"fiasco\" by the media.", "The Beta Band (album) __knowledge__ The Beta Band is the official studio debut album of The Beta Band, released in 1999 on Regal Records.", "The Beta Band (album) __knowledge__ The album followed the critically acclaimed compilation of their first three EPs titled \"The Three E.P.", "The Beta Band (album) __knowledge__ 's\" (1998).", "The Beta Band (album) __knowledge__ With high anticipation for \"The Beta Band\", the band originally planned to record the album in four separate continents, but financial constraints slimmed the recording locations down; however, the album was still recorded in a variety of locations.", "The Beta Band (album) __knowledge__ The band approached creating the songs in a variety of ways, sometimes forming songs from single melodies, sometimes bringing together other strands of music, among other forms.", "Honest services fraud __knowledge__ Honest services fraud is a crime defined in (the federal mail and wire fraud statute), added by the United States Congress in 1988, which states: \"For the purposes of this chapter, the term \"scheme or artifice to defraud\" includes a scheme or artifice to deprive another of the intangible right of honest services.\"", "Honest services fraud __knowledge__ The statute has been applied by federal prosecutors in cases of public corruption as well as in cases in which private individuals breached a fiduciary duty to another.", "Honest services fraud __knowledge__ In the former, the courts have been divided on the question of whether a state law violation is necessary for honest services fraud to have occurred.", "Ixtlán del Rio (archaeological site) __knowledge__ Ixtlán del Rio is an archaeological site located in the Ixtlán del Rio municipality, on the south west region of the Nayarit State, Mexico.", "Ixtlán del Rio (archaeological site) __knowledge__ It is also known as “Los Toriles” and contains the only vestiges of the western cultures in Nayarit.", "Ixtlán del Rio (archaeological site) __knowledge__ The presence of prehispanic vestiges in the form of petroglyphs are registered in five areas, the most important are “El Terrero”, “Sayulapa” and “El Veladero”, which depict sgraffiti lines and representations of abstract figures, such as spirals with rays.", "Ixtlán del Rio (archaeological site) __knowledge__ Of the traditional Shaft Tombs, five large concentration areas are identified, containing human bone remains; domestic pottery ollas, comales and cantaros (pitchers)]; as well as sculpture type remains (human and animal figures).", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ The North Dakota Fighting Hawks represent the University of North Dakota, competing in the Big Sky Conference in the NCAA Division I's Football Championship Subdivision.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ From 1973 to 2008, they played in the NCAA's NCAA Division II, winning the National Championship in 2001.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ From 1955 to 1972, they competed in the NCAA's College Division where they participated in and won three bowl games.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ North Dakota fielded its first football team in 1894.", "North Dakota Fighting Hawks football __knowledge__ In 1922, they were one of the 9 charter members of the North Central Conference, where they competed until 2008 when they upgraded all of their athletic programs to the Division I level and joined the Great West Conference.", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego?", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ is a 1989 edutainment video game that forms part of the \"Carmen Sandiego\" series, and was developed by Broderbund and the North Dakota Database Committee for the Apple II.", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ This \"franchise extension\" is the only game in the series based on a U.S. state, and was patterned after the previous games in the then-four year old series.", "Where in North Dakota Is Carmen Sandiego? __knowledge__ Intended as a form of \"pilot program\" to test whether region-specific versions for the remaining 49 states were financially viable, the game was released in celebration of North Dakota's centennial celebration, and was aimed at schools to help teach children about the state's history and geography.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ This list of birds of North Dakota includes species documented in the U.S. state of North Dakota.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ The list is derived from eBird data supplemented by the North Dakota Bird Records Committee (NDBRC) review list.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ As of May 2017, the list contains 406 species.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ Of them, 155 and a subspecies are on the review list (see below), eight species have been introduced to North America, and two are extinct.", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ This list is presented in the taxonomic sequence of the \"Check-list of North American Birds\", 7th edition through the 58th Supplement, published by the American Ornithological Society (AOS).", "List of birds of North Dakota __knowledge__ Common and scientific names are also those of the \"Check-list\".", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The North Dakota State Capitol is the house of government of the U.S. state of North Dakota.", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The Capitol, a 21 story tower, is in Bismarck at 600 East Boulevard Avenue, on a campus that is the site of many other government buildings.", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The capitol building and the surrounding office buildings house the state's legislative and judicial branches, as well as many government agencies.", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The State Capitol is largely surrounded by state government buildings.", "North Dakota State Capitol __knowledge__ The parks, walking trails, and monuments on the grounds give visitors information about the state's history, making it one of the city's tourist attractions.", "Dakota Access Pipeline __knowledge__ The Dakota Access Pipeline (DAPL) or Bakken pipeline is a underground oil pipeline in the United States.", "Dakota Access Pipeline __knowledge__ It begins in the Bakken shale oil fields in northwest North Dakota and continues through South Dakota and Iowa to the oil tank farm near Patoka, Illinois.", "Dakota Access Pipeline __knowledge__ Together with the Energy Transfer Crude Oil Pipeline from Patoka to Nederland, Texas, it forms the Bakken system.", "Dakota Access Pipeline __knowledge__ The $3.78 billion project was announced to the public in June 2014, and informational hearings for landowners took place between August 2014 and January 2015.", "Dakota Access Pipeline __knowledge__ Dakota Access, LLC, a subsidiary of Energy Transfer Partners, L.P., started constructing the pipeline in June 2016." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "North Dakota is a state in the US", "North Dakota seems like a bad state tho", "yea seems like there is nothing to do in the state of north dakota", "yep seems trash" ]

[ "North Dakota", "North Dakota", "North Dakota", "North Dakota" ]

[ "Lesbian", "Congratulations! I support equal rights for you and your wife in this country.", "Interesting. I've heard that other countries in places like Europe passed same-sex marriage laws long before the US." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lesbian __knowledge__ A lesbian is a homosexual woman who is romantically or sexually attracted to other women.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ The term \"lesbian\" is also used to express sexual identity or sexual behavior regardless of sexual orientation, or as an adjective to characterize or associate nouns with female homosexuality or same-sex attraction.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ The concept of \"lesbian\", to differentiate women with a shared sexual orientation, is a 20th-century construct.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ Throughout history, women have not had the same freedom or independence to pursue homosexual relationships as men, but neither have they met the same harsh punishment as homosexual men in some societies.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ Instead, lesbian relationships have often been regarded as harmless and incomparable to heterosexual ones unless the participants attempted to assert privileges traditionally enjoyed by men.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ As a result, little in history was documented to give an accurate description of how female homosexuality is expressed.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ When early sexologists in the late 19th century began to categorize and describe homosexual behavior, hampered by a lack of knowledge about homosexuality or women's sexuality, they distinguished lesbians as women who did not adhere to female gender roles and incorrectly designated them mentally ill—a designation which has been reversed in the global scientific community." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lesbian __knowledge__ A lesbian is a homosexual woman who is romantically or sexually attracted to other women.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ The term \"lesbian\" is also used to express sexual identity or sexual behavior regardless of sexual orientation, or as an adjective to characterize or associate nouns with female homosexuality or same-sex attraction.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ The concept of \"lesbian\", to differentiate women with a shared sexual orientation, is a 20th-century construct.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ Throughout history, women have not had the same freedom or independence to pursue homosexual relationships as men, but neither have they met the same harsh punishment as homosexual men in some societies.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ Instead, lesbian relationships have often been regarded as harmless and incomparable to heterosexual ones unless the participants attempted to assert privileges traditionally enjoyed by men.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ As a result, little in history was documented to give an accurate description of how female homosexuality is expressed.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ When early sexologists in the late 19th century began to categorize and describe homosexual behavior, hampered by a lack of knowledge about homosexuality or women's sexuality, they distinguished lesbians as women who did not adhere to female gender roles and incorrectly designated them mentally ill—a designation which has been reversed in the global scientific community.", "Equal Rights Amendment __knowledge__ The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) is a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution designed to guarantee equal rights for all citizens regardless of sex; it seeks to end the legal distinctions between men and women in terms of divorce, property, employment, and other matters.", "Equal Rights Amendment __knowledge__ The ERA was originally written by Alice Paul and Crystal Eastman.", "Equal Rights Amendment __knowledge__ The amendment was introduced in Congress for the first time in 1923 and has prompted conversations about the meaning of equality for women and men.", "Equal Rights Amendment __knowledge__ In its early history, middle-class women were largely supportive, while those speaking for the working class were often opposed, arguing that employed women needed special protections regarding working conditions and employment hours.", "International reactions to the United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ International reactions to the November 8, 2016 election of Republican Donald Trump emerged from around the world, including states, other institutions, and people.", "International reactions to the United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ Algerian President Abdelaziz Bouteflika congratulated Trump, stressing the quality of friendship relations and cooperation between Algeria and the U.S.", "International reactions to the United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ He issued a statement saying: \"The American people, through the presidential election of November 8, 2016, has given you their votes to become their president.\"", "International reactions to the United States presidential election, 2016 __knowledge__ President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi congratulated Trump and said \"Egypt is looking forward to seeing a new spirit brought to the presidential term of President Trump in terms of Egyptian-American relations, including more cooperation and coordination for the mutual benefit of the American and Egyptian people.\"", "Women's rights __knowledge__ Women's rights are the rights and entitlements claimed for women and girls worldwide, and formed the basis for the women's rights movement in the nineteenth century and feminist movement during the 20th century.", "Women's rights __knowledge__ In some countries, these rights are institutionalized or supported by law, local custom, and behavior, whereas in others they are ignored and suppressed.", "Women's rights __knowledge__ They differ from broader notions of human rights through claims of an inherent historical and traditional bias against the exercise of rights by women and girls, in favor of men and boys.", "Women's rights __knowledge__ Issues commonly associated with notions of women's rights include, though are not limited to, the right: to bodily integrity and autonomy; to be free from sexual violence; to vote; to hold public office; to enter into legal contracts; to have equal rights in family law; to work; to fair wages or equal pay; to have reproductive rights; to own property; to education.", "Women's suffrage __knowledge__ Women's suffrage (also known as female suffrage, woman suffrage or women's right to vote) is the right of women to vote in elections; a person who advocates the extension of suffrage, particularly to women, is called a suffragist.", "Women's suffrage __knowledge__ Limited voting rights were gained by women in Finland, Iceland, Sweden and some Australian colonies and western U.S. states in the late 19th century.", "Women's suffrage __knowledge__ National and international organizations formed to coordinate efforts to gain voting rights, especially the International Woman Suffrage Alliance (founded in 1904, Berlin, Germany), and also worked for equal civil rights for women.", "Islamic feminism __knowledge__ A combination of Islam and feminism has been advocated as \"a feminist discourse and practice articulated within an Islamic paradigm\" by Margot Badran in 2002.", "Islamic feminism __knowledge__ Islamic feminists ground their arguments in Islam and its teachings, seek the full equality of women and men in the personal and public sphere, and can include non-Muslims in the discourse and debate.", "Islamic feminism __knowledge__ Islamic feminism is defined by Islamic scholars as being more radical than secular feminism, and as being anchored within the discourse of Islam with the Quran as its central text.", "Islamic feminism __knowledge__ Advocates refer to the observation that Muslim majority countries \"have produced\" several female heads of state, prime ministers, and state secretaries such as Lala Shovkat of Azerbaijan, Benazir Bhutto of Pakistan, Mame Madior Boye of Senegal, Tansu Çiller of Turkey, Kaqusha Jashari of Kosovo, and Megawati Sukarnoputri of Indonesia.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ This is a history of women in the United States since 1776, and of the Thirteen Colonies before that.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ The reliable sources on the topic were thin before the 1960s.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ Since then the study of women's history has been a major scholarly and popular field, with many scholarly books and articles, museum exhibits, and courses in schools and universities.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ The roles of women were long ignored in textbooks and popular histories.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ By the 1960s, women were being presented as successful as male roles.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ An early feminist approach underscored their victimization and inferior status at the hands of men.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ In the 21st century writers have emphasized the distinctive strengths displayed inside the community of women, with special concern for minorities among women.", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality __knowledge__ Societal attitudes toward homosexuality vary greatly in different cultures and different historical periods, as do attitudes toward sexual desire, activity and relationships in general.", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality __knowledge__ All cultures have their own values regarding appropriate and inappropriate sexuality; some sanction same-sex love and sexuality, while others may disapprove of such activities in part.", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality __knowledge__ As with heterosexual behaviour, different sets of prescriptions and proscriptions may be given to individuals according to their gender, age, social status or social class.", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality __knowledge__ Many of the world's cultures have, in the past, considered procreative sex within a recognized relationship to be a sexual norm—sometimes exclusively so, and sometimes alongside norms of same-sex love, whether passionate, intimate or sexual.", "History of lesbianism in the United States __knowledge__ This article addresses the history of lesbianism in the United States.", "History of lesbianism in the United States __knowledge__ Unless otherwise noted, the members of same-sex female couples discussed here are not known to be lesbian (rather than for example bisexual) but they are mentioned as part of discussing the practice of lesbianism — that is, same-sex female sexual and romantic behavior.", "History of lesbianism in the United States __knowledge__ Laws against lesbian sexual activity were suggested but usually not created or enforced in early American history.", "History of lesbianism in the United States __knowledge__ In 1636, John Cotton proposed a law for Massachusetts Bay making sex between two women (or two men) a capital offense, but the law was not enacted.", "Same-sex marriage under United States tribal jurisdictions __knowledge__ The Supreme Court decision in \"Obergefell v. Hodges\" that legalized same-sex marriage in the states and most territories did not legalize same-sex marriage on Indian lands.", "Same-sex marriage under United States tribal jurisdictions __knowledge__ In the United States, Congress (not the federal courts) has legal authority over Indian country.", "Same-sex marriage under United States tribal jurisdictions __knowledge__ Thus, unless Congress passes a law regarding same-sex marriage for Indian tribes, federally recognized American Indian tribes have the legal right to form their own marriage laws.", "Same-sex marriage under United States tribal jurisdictions __knowledge__ As such, the individual laws of the various United States federally recognized Native American tribes set the limits on same-sex marriage under their jurisdictions.", "Media portrayal of lesbianism __knowledge__ Lesbians often attract media attention, particularly in relation to feminism, love and sexual relationships, marriage and parenting.", "Media portrayal of lesbianism __knowledge__ Some writers who have asserted this trend can lead to exploitative and unjustified plot devices.", "Media portrayal of lesbianism __knowledge__ The lack of lesbian portrayal in the media can also influence the consumer's view of the particular sexuality.", "Media portrayal of lesbianism __knowledge__ Common tropes of lesbians in the media include butch or femme lesbians and lesbian parents.", "Media portrayal of lesbianism __knowledge__ The word Butch lesbian comes from the idea of a lesbian expressing themselves as masculine by dressing masculine, behaving masculinely, or liking things that are deemed masculine, while the word femme lesbian comes from the idea of a lesbian expressing themselves as feminine by dressing feminine, behaving femininely, or liking things that are deemed feminine.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Ann Bannon __knowledge__ Ann Weldy (born September 15, 1932), better known by her pen name Ann Bannon, is an American author who, from 1957 to 1962, wrote six lesbian pulp fiction novels known as \"The Beebo Brinker Chronicles\".", "Ann Bannon __knowledge__ The books' enduring popularity and impact on lesbian identity has earned her the title \"Queen of Lesbian Pulp Fiction\".", "Ann Bannon __knowledge__ Bannon was a young housewife trying to address her own issues of sexuality when she was inspired to write her first novel.", "Ann Bannon __knowledge__ Her subsequent books featured four characters who reappeared throughout the series, including her eponymous heroine, Beebo Brinker, who came to embody the archetype of a butch lesbian.", "Lesbian feminism __knowledge__ Lesbian feminism is a cultural movement and critical perspective, most influential in the 1970s and early 1980s (primarily in North America and Western Europe), that encourages women to direct their energies toward other women rather than men, and often advocates lesbianism as the logical result of feminism.", "Lesbian feminism __knowledge__ Some key thinkers and activists are Charlotte Bunch, Rita Mae Brown, Adrienne Rich, Audre Lorde, Marilyn Frye, Mary Daly, Sheila Jeffreys, Barbara Smith, Pat Parker, Margaret Sloan-Hunter, Cheryl Clarke, Gloria Anzaldua, Cherrie Moraga, and Monique Wittig (although the latter is more commonly associated with the emergence of queer theory)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lesbian __knowledge__ A lesbian is a homosexual woman who is romantically or sexually attracted to other women.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ The term \"lesbian\" is also used to express sexual identity or sexual behavior regardless of sexual orientation, or as an adjective to characterize or associate nouns with female homosexuality or same-sex attraction.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ The concept of \"lesbian\", to differentiate women with a shared sexual orientation, is a 20th-century construct.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ Throughout history, women have not had the same freedom or independence to pursue homosexual relationships as men, but neither have they met the same harsh punishment as homosexual men in some societies.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ Instead, lesbian relationships have often been regarded as harmless and incomparable to heterosexual ones unless the participants attempted to assert privileges traditionally enjoyed by men.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ As a result, little in history was documented to give an accurate description of how female homosexuality is expressed.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ When early sexologists in the late 19th century began to categorize and describe homosexual behavior, hampered by a lack of knowledge about homosexuality or women's sexuality, they distinguished lesbians as women who did not adhere to female gender roles and incorrectly designated them mentally ill—a designation which has been reversed in the global scientific community.", "Same-sex marriage __knowledge__ Same-sex marriage, also known as gay marriage, is marriage between people of the same sex, either as a secular civil ceremony or in a religious setting.", "Same-sex marriage __knowledge__ The term marriage equality refers to a political status in which same-sex marriage and opposite-sex marriage are considered legally equal.", "Same-sex marriage __knowledge__ In the late 20th century, rites of marriage for same-sex couples without legal recognition became increasingly common.", "Same-sex marriage __knowledge__ The first law providing for marriage of people of the same sex in modern times was enacted in 2000 in the Netherlands and came into force in 2001. , same-sex marriage is legally recognized (nationwide or in some parts) in the following countries: Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, the United States and Uruguay.", "Marriage __knowledge__ Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a socially or ritually recognised union between spouses that establishes rights and obligations between those spouses, as well as between them and any resulting biological or adopted children and affinity (in-laws and other family through marriage).", "Marriage __knowledge__ The definition of marriage varies around the world not only between cultures and between religions, but also throughout the history of any given culture and religion, evolving to both expand and constrict in who and what is encompassed, but typically it is principally an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually sexual, are acknowledged or sanctioned.", "History of same-sex marriage in Australia __knowledge__ The history of same-sex marriage in Australia includes its express prohibition by the Howard Government in 2004 and its eventual legalisation by the Parliament in December 2017.", "History of same-sex marriage in Australia __knowledge__ Although a same-sex marriage law was passed by the Australian Capital Territory in 2013, it was struck down by the High Court on the basis of inconsistency with federal law.", "History of same-sex marriage in Australia __knowledge__ The Court's decision closed the possibility of concurrent state or territory laws that would allow same-sex marriage where federal law did not.", "History of same-sex marriage in Australia __knowledge__ A law legalising same-sex marriage passed the Parliament on 7 December 2017 and received royal assent the following day.", "Same-sex marriage under United States tribal jurisdictions __knowledge__ The Supreme Court decision in \"Obergefell v. Hodges\" that legalized same-sex marriage in the states and most territories did not legalize same-sex marriage on Indian lands.", "Same-sex marriage under United States tribal jurisdictions __knowledge__ In the United States, Congress (not the federal courts) has legal authority over Indian country.", "Same-sex marriage under United States tribal jurisdictions __knowledge__ Thus, unless Congress passes a law regarding same-sex marriage for Indian tribes, federally recognized American Indian tribes have the legal right to form their own marriage laws.", "Same-sex marriage under United States tribal jurisdictions __knowledge__ As such, the individual laws of the various United States federally recognized Native American tribes set the limits on same-sex marriage under their jurisdictions.", "Same-sex marriage in the United States __knowledge__ Same-sex marriage in the United States was established on a state-by-state basis, expanding from 1 state in 2004 to 36 states in 2015, when, on June 26, 2015, same-sex marriage was established in all 50 states as a result of the ruling of the Supreme Court of the United States in the landmark civil rights case \"Obergefell v. Hodges\", in which it was held that the right of same-sex couples to marry on the same terms and conditions as opposite-sex couples, with all the accompanying rights and responsibilities, was guaranteed by both the Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.", "Status of same-sex marriage __knowledge__ A same-sex marriage is a marriage of a same-sex couple.", "Status of same-sex marriage __knowledge__ The legal status of same-sex marriage has changed in recent years in numerous jurisdictions around the world.", "Status of same-sex marriage __knowledge__ The current trends and consensus of political authorities and religions throughout the world are summarized in this article.", "Status of same-sex marriage __knowledge__ The Netherlands was the first country to legalize same-sex marriages, with the first marriages performed in the Amsterdam city hall on 1 April 2001.", "Status of same-sex marriage __knowledge__ Since then, same-sex marriages have been performed legally in Belgium (2003), Spain (2005), Canada (2005), South Africa (2006), Norway (2009), Sweden (2009), Portugal (2010), Iceland (2010), Argentina (2010), Denmark (2012), Brazil (2013), France (2013), Uruguay (2013), New Zealand (2013), the United Kingdom (2014), Luxembourg (2015), the United States (2015), Ireland (2015), Colombia (2016), Finland (2017), Malta (2017), Germany (2017) and Australia (2017).", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ The political positions of Mitt Romney have been recorded from his 1994 U.S. senatorial campaign, the 2002 gubernatorial election, during his 2003–2007 governorship, during his 2008 U.S. presidential campaign, in his 2010 book \"\", and during his 2012 U.S. presidential campaign.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ Some of these political positions have changed, while others have remained unchanged.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In his 1994 Senate campaign, Romney called for the \"virtual elimination\" of the federal Department of Agriculture and for reductions in farm subsidies.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In 2007, when questioned about these views, a Romney for President Iowa campaign spokesman responded: \"Governor Romney believes that investing in agriculture is key to our economy and families.\"", "Obergefell v. Hodges __knowledge__ Obergefell v. Hodges, ( ), is a landmark civil rights case in which the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the fundamental right to marry is guaranteed to same-sex couples by both the Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.", "Obergefell v. Hodges __knowledge__ The ruling meant that all fifty states must lawfully perform and recognize the marriages of same-sex couples on the same terms and conditions as the marriages of opposite-sex couples, with all the accompanying rights and responsibilities.", "Obergefell v. Hodges __knowledge__ In November 2014, following a lengthy series of appeals court rulings from the Fourth, Seventh, Ninth, and Tenth Circuits that state-level bans on same-sex marriage were unconstitutional, the Sixth Circuit ruled that it was bound by \"Baker v. Nelson\" and found such bans to be constitutional.", "LGBT rights in the United States __knowledge__ Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) rights in the United States vary on a basis.", "LGBT rights in the United States __knowledge__ Since June 26, 2003, sexual activity between consenting adults of the same sex as well as same-sex adolescents of a close age has been legal nationwide, pursuant to the U.S. Supreme Court ruling in \"Lawrence v. Texas\".", "LGBT rights in the United States __knowledge__ As of June 26, 2015, all states license and recognize marriage between same-sex couples as a result of the Supreme Court decision in \"Obergefell v. Hodges\".", "LGBT rights in the United States __knowledge__ However, the United States has no federal law outlawing discrimination nationwide other than from federal executive orders which have a more limited scope than from protections through federal legislation.", "History of same-sex marriage in the United States __knowledge__ The history of same-sex marriage in the United States dates from the early 1970s, when the first lawsuits seeking legal recognition of same-sex relationships brought the question of civil marriage rights and benefits for same-sex couples to public attention though they proved unsuccessful.The subject became increasingly prominent in U.S. politics following the 1993 Hawaii Supreme Court decision in \"Baehr v. Lewin\" that suggested the possibility that the state's prohibition might be unconstitutional.", "History of same-sex marriage in the United States __knowledge__ That decision was met by actions at both the federal and state level to restrict marriage to male-female couples, notably the enactment at the federal level of the Defense of Marriage Act.", "Same-sex marriage in Alabama __knowledge__ Same-sex marriage has been legal in Alabama since June 26, 2015, after the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in \"Obergefell v. Hodges\", but some counties in Alabama do not issue marriage licenses to any couples to avoid issuing them to same-sex couples following the decision.", "Same-sex marriage in Alabama __knowledge__ Before the Supreme Court's decision in \"Obergefell v. Hodges\" on June 26, 2015 which held that the United States Constitution requires every state to recognize and license same-sex marriage, the legal status of same-sex marriage in Alabama had been the subject of a long legal battle.", "Same-sex marriage in Alabama __knowledge__ Federal court orders in two cases took effect on February 9, 2015, and 47 of the state's 67 counties began issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples that day or shortly thereafter, despite an order from Alabama Supreme Court Chief Judge Roy Moore not to do so.", "History of gay men in the United States __knowledge__ This article is about the history of gay men in the United States.", "History of gay men in the United States __knowledge__ For lesbians, please see History of lesbianism in the United States.", "History of gay men in the United States __knowledge__ Two-spirit is a modern umbrella term used by some indigenous North Americans for Gender variant individuals in their communities.", "History of gay men in the United States __knowledge__ The presence of male two-spirits existed before European contact, and \"was a fundamental institution among most tribal peoples\".", "History of gay men in the United States __knowledge__ According to Will Roscoe, male and female two-spirits have been \"documented in over 130 North America tribes, in every region of the continent\".", "History of gay men in the United States __knowledge__ Two-spirits might have relationships with people of either sex." ] ]

[ 1, 42, 0 ]

[ "I am a lesbian, and I am currently married to a woman! I love my wife very much.", "Thank you! I really appreciate the support. It's always nice to have allies. Same-sex marriage only became legal here in the U.S. very recently, under the supreme court decision, Obergefell v. Hodges. ", "Yes, you're right! Currently, it's recognized in countries like France, Germany, Ireland, and Spain. " ]

[ "Lesbian", "Lesbian", "Lesbian" ]

[ "Dentist", "I think that the dentist is awful but necessary.", "Ever had to have anything major done at one?", "Nope, haven't been in awhile- how often are you suppose to go again ?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dentist __knowledge__ A dentist, also known as a dental surgeon, is a surgeon who specializes in dentistry, the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases and conditions of the oral cavity.", "Dentist __knowledge__ The dentist's supporting team aids in providing oral health services.", "Dentist __knowledge__ The dental team includes dental assistants, dental hygienists, dental technicians, and in some states, dental therapists.", "Dentist __knowledge__ In China as well as France, the first people to perform dentistry were barbers.", "Dentist __knowledge__ They have been categorized into 2 distinct groups: guild of barbers and lay barbers.", "Dentist __knowledge__ The first group, the Guild of Barbers, was created to distinguish more educated and qualified dental surgeons from lay barbers.", "Dentist __knowledge__ Guild barbers were trained to do complex surgeries.", "Dentist __knowledge__ The second group, the lay barbers, were qualified to perform regular hygienic services such as shaving and tooth extraction as well as basic surgery.", "Dentist __knowledge__ However, in 1400 France made decrees prohibiting lay barbers from practicing all types of surgery.", "Dentist __knowledge__ In Germany as well as France from 1530 to 1575 publications completely devoted to dentistry were being published.", "Dentist __knowledge__ Ambrose Pare, often known as the Father of Surgery, published his own work about the proper maintenance and treatment of teeth." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dentist __knowledge__ A dentist, also known as a dental surgeon, is a surgeon who specializes in dentistry, the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases and conditions of the oral cavity.", "Dentist __knowledge__ The dentist's supporting team aids in providing oral health services.", "Dentist __knowledge__ The dental team includes dental assistants, dental hygienists, dental technicians, and in some states, dental therapists.", "Dentist __knowledge__ In China as well as France, the first people to perform dentistry were barbers.", "Dentist __knowledge__ They have been categorized into 2 distinct groups: guild of barbers and lay barbers.", "Dentist __knowledge__ The first group, the Guild of Barbers, was created to distinguish more educated and qualified dental surgeons from lay barbers.", "Dentist __knowledge__ Guild barbers were trained to do complex surgeries.", "Dentist __knowledge__ The second group, the lay barbers, were qualified to perform regular hygienic services such as shaving and tooth extraction as well as basic surgery.", "Dentist __knowledge__ However, in 1400 France made decrees prohibiting lay barbers from practicing all types of surgery.", "Dentist __knowledge__ In Germany as well as France from 1530 to 1575 publications completely devoted to dentistry were being published.", "Dentist __knowledge__ Ambrose Pare, often known as the Father of Surgery, published his own work about the proper maintenance and treatment of teeth.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "David Walliams __knowledge__ David Edward Williams, OBE (born 20 August 1971), known professionally as David Walliams (), is an English comedian, actor, talent-show judge, author, presenter, and activist, known for his partnership with Matt Lucas on the BBC One sketch show \"Little Britain.\"", "David Walliams __knowledge__ Since 2012 Walliams has been a judge on the ITV talent show \"Britain's Got Talent\".", "David Walliams __knowledge__ He wrote and starred in two series of the BBC One sitcom \"Big School\", playing the role of chemistry teacher Keith Church.", "David Walliams __knowledge__ In 2015, he starred as Tommy Beresford in the BBC series \"Partners in Crime\" based on the Tommy and Tuppence novels by Agatha Christie.", "Little Shop of Horrors (film) __knowledge__ Little Shop of Horrors is a 1986 American rock musical horror comedy film directed by Frank Oz.", "Little Shop of Horrors (film) __knowledge__ It is a film adaptation of the off-Broadway musical comedy of the same name by composer Alan Menken and writer Howard Ashman about a geeky florist shop worker who finds out his venus fly trap can speak.", "Little Shop of Horrors (film) __knowledge__ Menken and Ashman's Off-Broadway musical was based on the low-budget 1960 film \"The Little Shop of Horrors\", directed by Roger Corman.", "Little Shop of Horrors (film) __knowledge__ The 1986 film stars Rick Moranis, Ellen Greene, Vincent Gardenia, Steve Martin, and Levi Stubbs as the voice of Audrey II.", "Little Shop of Horrors (film) __knowledge__ The film also featured special appearances by Jim Belushi, John Candy, Christopher Guest, and Bill Murray.", "Crown (dentistry) __knowledge__ A crown is a type of dental restoration which completely caps or encircles a tooth or dental implant.", "Crown (dentistry) __knowledge__ Crowns are often needed when a large cavity threatens the ongoing health of a tooth.", "Crown (dentistry) __knowledge__ They are typically bonded to the tooth using a dental cement.", "Crown (dentistry) __knowledge__ Crowns can be made from many materials, which are usually fabricated using \"indirect methods\".", "Crown (dentistry) __knowledge__ Crowns are often used to improve the strength or appearance of teeth.", "Crown (dentistry) __knowledge__ While inarguably beneficial to dental health, the procedure and materials can be relatively expensive.", "Crown (dentistry) __knowledge__ The most common method of crowning a tooth involves using a dental impression of a prepared tooth by a dentist to fabricate the crown outside of the mouth.", "A Trip to the Dentist __knowledge__ \"A Trip to the Dentist\" is the twenty-first and penultimate episode of the first season of the American mystery television series \"Veronica Mars\".", "A Trip to the Dentist __knowledge__ Written by Diane Ruggiero and directed by Marcos Siega, the episode premiered on UPN on May 3, 2005.", "A Trip to the Dentist __knowledge__ The series depicts the adventures of Veronica Mars (Kristen Bell) as she deals with life as a high school student while moonlighting as a private detective.", "A Trip to the Dentist __knowledge__ In this episode, Veronica resolves the mystery of her sexual assault a year earlier by talking to previous acquaintances and learning about the details of what happened at Shelly Pomroy's party a year earlier while she was under the influence of GHB.", "Dental hygienist __knowledge__ A dental hygienist or oral hygienist is a licensed dental professional, registered with a dental association, or regulatory body within their country of practice.", "Dental hygienist __knowledge__ They are primary healthcare professionals who work independently of or alongside dentists and other dental professionals to provide full oral health care.", "Dental hygienist __knowledge__ They have the training and education that focus on and specialize in the prevention and treatment of many oral disease.", "Dental hygienist __knowledge__ The dental hygienist is a primary resource for oral cancer screening and prevention.", "Dental hygienist __knowledge__ Most importantly, they spend a large amount of time at each patient visit looking at the soft tissues of the oral cavity, where the early manifestations of oral cancer occur.", "List of Diary of a Wimpy Kid characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in Jeff Kinney's book series \"Diary of a Wimpy Kid\" as well as the film versions of the first, , and book.", "List of Diary of a Wimpy Kid characters __knowledge__ \"Diary of a Wimpy Kid\" is a series of graphic novels written by American author and cartoonist Jeff Kinney.", "List of Diary of a Wimpy Kid characters __knowledge__ The books are written as the journals of the main character named Greg Heffley.", "List of Diary of a Wimpy Kid characters __knowledge__ \"Diary of a Wimpy Kid\" is also a series of films based on the books.", "List of Diary of a Wimpy Kid characters __knowledge__ Jeff Kinney was an executive producer.", "List of Diary of a Wimpy Kid characters __knowledge__ Like the books, the movies are the journals of Greg Heffley, played by Zachary Gordon in \"Diary of a Wimpy Kid\", \"\", and \"\", and Jason Drucker in \"\".", "List of Diary of a Wimpy Kid characters __knowledge__ Gregory \"Greg\" Heffley is 12 years old in the first novel.", "Dentistry throughout the world __knowledge__ Dentistry throughout the world is practised differently, and training in dentistry varies as well.", "Dentistry throughout the world __knowledge__ Australian dentistry is overseen by the Australian Dental Council and the Dental Board of Australia The professional body for dentists is the Australian Dental Association.", "Dentistry throughout the world __knowledge__ Dentists trained in Australia must meet the entry requirements of one of the Australian institutions offering dental courses, and then complete the required full-time academic training leading to a dental degree.", "Dentistry throughout the world __knowledge__ If dentists wish to specialize, they must complete extra study after having had clinical experience.", "Dentistry throughout the world __knowledge__ In order to practice dentistry in Australia (as of July 2010) you must obtain registration and licensing from the nationalized Dental Board of Australia.", "Dentistry __knowledge__ Dentistry is a branch of medicine that consists of the study, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases, disorders and conditions of the oral cavity, commonly in the dentition but also the oral mucosa, and of adjacent and related structures and tissues, particularly in the maxillofacial (jaw and facial) area.", "Dentistry __knowledge__ Although primarily associated with teeth among the general public, the field of dentistry or dental medicine is not limited to teeth but includes other aspects of the craniofacial complex including the temporomandibular and other supporting structures.", "Dentistry __knowledge__ Dentistry is often also understood to subsume the now largely defunct medical specialty of stomatology (the study of the mouth and its disorders and diseases) for which reason the two terms are used interchangeably in certain regions.", "Special needs dentistry __knowledge__ Special needs dentistry, also known as special care dentistry, is a speciality of dentistry concerned with the oral health of people who have intellectual disability, or who are affected by other medical, physical, or psychiatric issues.", "Special needs dentistry __knowledge__ Special needs dentists require an extra three years of postgraduate training after attaining their dental degree.", "Special needs dentistry __knowledge__ They are then eligible for Board Certification by the American Board of Special Care Dentistry (Diplomate ABSCD) or Fellowship with the Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons (FRACDS (SND)).", "Special needs dentistry __knowledge__ The oral health therapist have incorporated studies to allow for their scope of practice to cover working with people with special needs.", "Dentistry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Dentistry in the Philippines can be divided into five periods of dental practice.", "Dentistry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Using the timeline of Philippine history as a template, they are: the Pre-Spanish era (from the Prehistoric period to the Classical period), the Spanish era, the American era, the Japanese-occupation era (during World War II) and the independent Philippine-Republics era.", "Dentistry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The practice of extracting teeth has been practiced in the Philippines before the islands became a colony of Spain.", "Dentistry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Among the early Filipino to act as \"dental practitioners\" and \"curers of toothaches\" were barbers.", "Dentistry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Their crude and \"queer methods\" pulling out teeth from patients involved the use of fingers and nail-pliers.", "Leonie von Meusebach–Zesch __knowledge__ Leonie von Meusebach–Zesch (November 27, 1882 – July 7, 1944) was an American early 20th-century pioneer female dentist who practiced in Texas, Alaska, Arizona and California.", "Leonie von Meusebach–Zesch __knowledge__ She is also known as Leonie von Zesch or Leonie Zesch.", "Leonie von Meusebach–Zesch __knowledge__ She was inducted into the Alaska Women's Hall of Fame in 2012.", "Leonie von Meusebach–Zesch __knowledge__ She was a dental surgeon with the United States Army following the 1906 San Francisco earthquake.", "Leonie von Meusebach–Zesch __knowledge__ Her mother worked with the American Red Cross to document survivors after the disaster.", "Leonie von Meusebach–Zesch __knowledge__ After recovery, she provided onboard dental services to members of both the United States Pacific Fleet and the United States Atlantic Fleet.", "Dental degree __knowledge__ There are a number of professional degrees in dentistry offered by dental schools in various countries around the world.", "Dental degree __knowledge__ Degrees acknowledged worldwide across North America, Europe, Africa and Asia are: There are a number of post-graduate degrees in dentistry as well.", "Dental degree __knowledge__ In some universities, especially in the U.S., some post-graduate programs award Certificate only.", "Dental degree __knowledge__ In Commonwealth countries, the Royal Colleges of dentistry (or Faculty of Dentistry of the College) awards post-nominals upon completion of a series of examinations.", "Dental degree __knowledge__ In the U.S., most dental specialists attain Board Certification (Diplomate Status) by completing a series of written and oral examinations with the appropriate Boards." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dentist __knowledge__ A dentist, also known as a dental surgeon, is a surgeon who specializes in dentistry, the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases and conditions of the oral cavity.", "Dentist __knowledge__ The dentist's supporting team aids in providing oral health services.", "Dentist __knowledge__ The dental team includes dental assistants, dental hygienists, dental technicians, and in some states, dental therapists.", "Dentist __knowledge__ In China as well as France, the first people to perform dentistry were barbers.", "Dentist __knowledge__ They have been categorized into 2 distinct groups: guild of barbers and lay barbers.", "Dentist __knowledge__ The first group, the Guild of Barbers, was created to distinguish more educated and qualified dental surgeons from lay barbers.", "Dentist __knowledge__ Guild barbers were trained to do complex surgeries.", "Dentist __knowledge__ The second group, the lay barbers, were qualified to perform regular hygienic services such as shaving and tooth extraction as well as basic surgery.", "Dentist __knowledge__ However, in 1400 France made decrees prohibiting lay barbers from practicing all types of surgery.", "Dentist __knowledge__ In Germany as well as France from 1530 to 1575 publications completely devoted to dentistry were being published.", "Dentist __knowledge__ Ambrose Pare, often known as the Father of Surgery, published his own work about the proper maintenance and treatment of teeth.", "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy Primary and Secondary Phases __knowledge__ The terms Primary Phase and Secondary Phase describe the first two radio series of \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", first broadcast in 1978.", "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy Primary and Secondary Phases __knowledge__ These were the first incarnations of the \"Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\" franchise.", "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy Primary and Secondary Phases __knowledge__ Both were written by Douglas Adams and consist of six episodes each.", "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy Primary and Secondary Phases __knowledge__ The series followed the aimless wanderings of Arthur Dent, Ford Prefect and his book, the eponymous \"Guide\".", "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy Primary and Secondary Phases __knowledge__ It introduced unfamiliar music, mind stretching concepts and the newest science mixed together with out of context parodies, unfeasibly rude names, \"semantic and philosophical jokes\", compressed prose and \"groundbreaking deployment of sound effects and voice techniques\".", "China, IL __knowledge__ China, IL (meaning China, Illinois) is an American animated television series created by Brad Neely for the Adult Swim programming block on Cartoon Network.", "China, IL __knowledge__ The series takes place at The University of China, Illinois, dubbed the \"Worst College in America\" and located at the edge of town.", "China, IL __knowledge__ The school's poor reputation is celebrated by the school's uncaring faculty and staff, constantly shown drinking while teaching and/or trying to avoid teaching altogether.", "China, IL __knowledge__ The series was originally conceived as a web series on Adult Swim's defunct comedy website, Super Deluxe, in 2008.", "China, IL __knowledge__ Neely, who had done \"Baby Cakes\" and \"The Professor Brothers\" shorts for Super Deluxe in 2006, envisioned the characters in each series to coexist in the same universe.", "Chaya Arbel __knowledge__ Chaya Arbel ( ; 1921 – 2007) was an Israeli composer.", "Chaya Arbel __knowledge__ She is one of Israel's best known female classical composers and the recipient of the ACUM Prize.", "Chaya Arbel __knowledge__ Arbel studied piano and composition in Germany, until she immigrated to the British mandate of Palestine (1936), where she worked in agriculture at kibbutz HaMa'apil.", "Chaya Arbel __knowledge__ Only 25 years later, Arbel could resume her composition studies, with professor Leon Schidlowsky.", "Chaya Arbel __knowledge__ Arbel remained a kibbutz member for the rest of life.", "Chaya Arbel __knowledge__ She won the Israeli ACUM Prize for \"Dialogue for Clarinet and Orchestra\".", "Oversigning __knowledge__ Oversigning (also spelled over-signing) is an unofficial term for the practice of American college athletic departments signing prospective student-athletes to a National Letter of Intent (NLI) that may exceed the maximum number of athletic scholarships permitted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).", "Oversigning __knowledge__ The NCAA limits the total number of scholarships that may be awarded in all of its sponsored sports, and in football also limits the number of scholarships awarded in a given year.", "Oversigning __knowledge__ Those limits differ by sport and the division in which that school participates.", "Oversigning __knowledge__ Most conferences have additional rules governing signing NLI.", "Silent Hill 3 __knowledge__ Silent Hill 3 is a survival horror video game published by Konami for the PlayStation 2 and developed by Team Silent, a production group within Konami Computer Entertainment Tokyo.", "Silent Hill 3 __knowledge__ It is the third installment in the \"Silent Hill\" series and a direct sequel to the first \"Silent Hill\" game.", "Silent Hill 3 __knowledge__ It was released in May 2003, with a port to Microsoft Windows released in October of the same year.", "Silent Hill 3 __knowledge__ A remastered high-definition version was released as part of the \"Silent Hill HD Collection\", for the PlayStation 3 and the Xbox 360 on March 20, 2012.", "Silent Hill 3 __knowledge__ Set seventeen years after the events of \"Silent Hill\" in which Harry Mason defeats the god of the town cult and is given a baby girl to care for, \"Silent Hill 3\" focuses on Heather Mason, a teenage girl raised by Harry in Portland.", "Maurice Sarrail __knowledge__ Maurice-Paul-Emmanuel Sarrail (6 April 1856 – 23 March 1929) was a French general of the First World War.", "Maurice Sarrail __knowledge__ Sarrail's openly socialist political connections made him a rarity amongst the Catholics, conservatives and monarchists who dominated the French Army officer corps under the Third Republic before the war, and were the main reason why he was appointed to command at Salonika.", "Maurice Sarrail __knowledge__ At the start of the war, Sarrail commanded VI Corps then Third Army in the Ardennes and around Verdun, where his army played an important role in the final stages of the First Battle of the Marne and where he took the credit for holding Verdun (later the site of an important battle in 1916).", "CMLL Torneo Gran Alternativa __knowledge__ The Torneo Gran Alternativa (Spanish for \"the Great Alternative Tournament\") is an annual \"lucha libre\" (professional wrestling) tournament held by the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL).", "CMLL Torneo Gran Alternativa __knowledge__ The tournament was not held in 1997, 2000, or 2002, but was held twice in 1996 and 1998.", "CMLL Torneo Gran Alternativa __knowledge__ The most recent \"Torneo Gran Alternativa\" tournament was held in June 2017.", "CMLL Torneo Gran Alternativa __knowledge__ The tournament has always been held in \"Arena Mexico\" in Mexico City, Mexico, the main arena of CMLL.", "CMLL Torneo Gran Alternativa __knowledge__ Up until 2010 the tournament format was that of eight tag teams facing off in a one night, single elimination tournament, sometimes with a match to determine the seeds for the tournament.", "Dental hygienist __knowledge__ A dental hygienist or oral hygienist is a licensed dental professional, registered with a dental association, or regulatory body within their country of practice.", "Dental hygienist __knowledge__ They are primary healthcare professionals who work independently of or alongside dentists and other dental professionals to provide full oral health care.", "Dental hygienist __knowledge__ They have the training and education that focus on and specialize in the prevention and treatment of many oral disease.", "Dental hygienist __knowledge__ The dental hygienist is a primary resource for oral cancer screening and prevention.", "Dental hygienist __knowledge__ Most importantly, they spend a large amount of time at each patient visit looking at the soft tissues of the oral cavity, where the early manifestations of oral cancer occur.", "Dental assistant __knowledge__ Dental assistants assist the dental operator (dentist or other treating dental auxiliary) in providing more efficient dental treatment, by preparing the patient for treatment, sterilizing instruments, passing instruments during the procedure, holding suction devices, exposing dental radiographs, taking impressions, and fabricating provisional crowns.", "Dental assistant __knowledge__ Dental operators can focus more time on the procedure; the dental assistant then effectively becomes the operator's extra hands.", "Dental assistant __knowledge__ Dental assistants should be distinguished from dental hygienists, who usually have a higher level of training and expertise.", "Dentistry __knowledge__ Dentistry is a branch of medicine that consists of the study, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases, disorders and conditions of the oral cavity, commonly in the dentition but also the oral mucosa, and of adjacent and related structures and tissues, particularly in the maxillofacial (jaw and facial) area.", "Dentistry __knowledge__ Although primarily associated with teeth among the general public, the field of dentistry or dental medicine is not limited to teeth but includes other aspects of the craniofacial complex including the temporomandibular and other supporting structures.", "Dentistry __knowledge__ Dentistry is often also understood to subsume the now largely defunct medical specialty of stomatology (the study of the mouth and its disorders and diseases) for which reason the two terms are used interchangeably in certain regions.", "Health professional __knowledge__ A health professional, health practitioner or healthcare provider (sometimes simply \"provider\") is an individual who provides preventive, curative, promotional or rehabilitative health care services in a systematic way to people, families or communities.", "Health professional __knowledge__ A health professional may operate within all branches of health care, including medicine, surgery, dentistry, midwifery, pharmacy, psychology, nursing or allied health professions.", "Health professional __knowledge__ A health professional may also be a public/community health expert working for the common good of the society.", "Health professional __knowledge__ Healthcare practitioners include physicians, dentists, dental hygienists, pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, physician assistants, nurses, advanced practice registered nurses, surgeons, surgeon's assistant, athletic trainers, surgical technologist, midwives, dietitians, therapists, psychologists, chiropractors, clinical officers, social workers, phlebotomists, occupational therapists, optometrists, physical therapists, radiographers, radiotherapists, respiratory therapists, audiologists, speech pathologists, operating department practitioners, emergency medical technicians, paramedics, medical laboratory scientists, medical prosthetic technicians and a wide variety of other human resources trained to provide some type of health care service.", "American Dental Hygienists' Association __knowledge__ The American Dental Hygienists' Association (ADHA) is the largest national United States organization representing the professional interests of more than 185,000 dental hygienists across the country.", "American Dental Hygienists' Association __knowledge__ Dental hygienists are preventive oral health professionals, licensed in dental hygiene, who provide educational, clinical and therapeutic services that support total health through the promotion of optimal oral health.", "American Dental Hygienists' Association __knowledge__ Its headquarters are in the Near North Side, Chicago.", "American Dental Hygienists' Association __knowledge__ Two major publications are produced by ADHA—a national magazine and a scientific journal—as well as a number of specialty newsletters.", "Dental therapist __knowledge__ A dental therapist is a member of the dental team who provides preventative and restorative dental care, usually for children and adolescents.", "Dental therapist __knowledge__ The precise role varies and is dependent on the therapist's education and the various dental regulations and guidelines of each country.", "Dental therapist __knowledge__ In 1913, Dr Norman K. Cox, the President of the New Zealand Dental Association, proposed a system of school clinics operated by the state and staffed by 'oral hygienists' to address the dental needs of children between the ages of 6 and 14 years.", "Dental therapist __knowledge__ At the time, the idea was considered to be unorthodox, but in 1920, at a special meeting of the New Zealand Dental Association, 16 members voted for the adoption of school dental nurses with 7 opposed to the proposal." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dentist __knowledge__ A dentist, also known as a dental surgeon, is a surgeon who specializes in dentistry, the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases and conditions of the oral cavity.", "Dentist __knowledge__ The dentist's supporting team aids in providing oral health services.", "Dentist __knowledge__ The dental team includes dental assistants, dental hygienists, dental technicians, and in some states, dental therapists.", "Dentist __knowledge__ In China as well as France, the first people to perform dentistry were barbers.", "Dentist __knowledge__ They have been categorized into 2 distinct groups: guild of barbers and lay barbers.", "Dentist __knowledge__ The first group, the Guild of Barbers, was created to distinguish more educated and qualified dental surgeons from lay barbers.", "Dentist __knowledge__ Guild barbers were trained to do complex surgeries.", "Dentist __knowledge__ The second group, the lay barbers, were qualified to perform regular hygienic services such as shaving and tooth extraction as well as basic surgery.", "Dentist __knowledge__ However, in 1400 France made decrees prohibiting lay barbers from practicing all types of surgery.", "Dentist __knowledge__ In Germany as well as France from 1530 to 1575 publications completely devoted to dentistry were being published.", "Dentist __knowledge__ Ambrose Pare, often known as the Father of Surgery, published his own work about the proper maintenance and treatment of teeth.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ \"Let's Wait Awhile\" is a song by American singer Janet Jackson, released as the fifth single from her third studio album \"Control\" (1986).", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ It was written and produced by Jackson and Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, with Melanie Andrews also serving as co-writer.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ It is also the first song Jackson co-produced.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ Inspired by a conversation Melanie Andrews had with a childhood boyfriend, the song speaks of sexual abstinence and postponing intimacy within a relationship.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ The song received generally favorable reviews from music critics, who praised the track's sweetness and Jackson's tender delivery.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ It was also praised for its meaningful message, considered to be a teaching tool to encourage sexual abstinence amidst the AIDS crisis at the time.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ The \"Tiny Toon Adventures\" animated television series features an extensive cast of characters.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ The show's central characters are mostly various forms of anthropomorphic animals, based on Looney Tunes characters from earlier films and shows.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ In the series, the characters attend a school called Acme Looniversity, set in the cartoon community of Acme Acres.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ Buster Bunny (initially voiced by Charlie Adler and later by John Kassir) is a main character of the show along with Babs Bunny.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ Buster is a young, blue-and-white male rabbit with a red shirt and white gloves.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ Bugs Bunny is his mentor.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ In the last episode, \"It's a Wonderful Tiny Toon Christmas Special\", Babs states that Buster is indeed her boyfriend.", "Yip Yips __knowledge__ The Yip Yips (also known as the Martians or aliens) are characters on the popular American children's television show \"Sesame Street\".", "Yip Yips __knowledge__ They are interplanetary visitors, from the planet Mars(in the first skit, as soon as they descend, their first words to each other are \"...Not Mars.\"", "Yip Yips __knowledge__ \"Nope.\").", "Yip Yips __knowledge__ They marvel at devices such as clocks, telephones and computers.", "Yip Yips __knowledge__ When frightened, each covers its face with the lower part of its jaw while making a distinctive \"goom\" noise.", "Yip Yips __knowledge__ In their skits, these creatures, with squid-like tentacles, large eyes, and antennae, materialize into a room and say, \"Yip-yip-yip-yip... Uh-huh.", "The Velvet Rope Tour __knowledge__ The Velvet Rope Tour was the third concert tour by American recording artist Janet Jackson.", "The Velvet Rope Tour __knowledge__ Launched in support of her sixth studio album \"The Velvet Rope\" (1997), the tour visited Europe, North America, Japan, New Zealand, Africa, and Australia.", "The Velvet Rope Tour __knowledge__ Jackson was inspired to create an autobiographical show using elements of Broadway theatre, portraying her struggle with depression and self-esteem.", "The Velvet Rope Tour __knowledge__ The tour's stage production was developed as a storybook setting, allowing spectators to cross beyond her \"velvet rope\" and experience her life story through the evolution of her musical career.", "The Velvet Rope Tour __knowledge__ It consists of twenty-six songs, several band interludes, and intense choreography along with nine costume changes and four sets.", "List of The Land Before Time characters __knowledge__ This is a list of recurring characters in \"The Land Before Time\", a series of animated children's films.", "List of The Land Before Time characters __knowledge__ The main characters include Littlefoot (\"Apatosaurus\"), Cera (\"Triceratops\"), Ducky (\"Saurolophus\"), Petrie (\"Pteranodon\"), Spike (\"Stegosaurus\"), and in the spin-off television series and , Chomper (\"Tyrannosaurus\") and Ruby (\"Oviraptor\").", "List of The Land Before Time characters __knowledge__ Other characters include the families of the main characters, the residents of their home, the Great Valley, and outsiders to the Great Valley.", "List of The Land Before Time characters __knowledge__ The idea for \"The Land Before Time\" came during production of \"An American Tail\".", "List of The Land Before Time characters __knowledge__ Steven Spielberg's studio Amblin Entertainment was interested in doing a film about dinosaurs, which were popular at the time, leading Spielberg, director Don Bluth, and producer George Lucas to develop the prehistoric setting and its cast.", "Beyond the Mat (Supernatural) __knowledge__ \"Beyond the Mat\" is the 15th episode of the paranormal drama television series \"Supernatural\"s season 11, and the 233rd overall.", "Beyond the Mat (Supernatural) __knowledge__ The episode was written by John Bring and Andrew Dabb and directed by Jerry Wanek.", "Beyond the Mat (Supernatural) __knowledge__ It was first broadcast on February 24, 2016 on The CW.", "Beyond the Mat (Supernatural) __knowledge__ In the episode, Sam and Dean investigate the case of the death of one of their favorite wrestlers, which may involve another wrestler.", "Beyond the Mat (Supernatural) __knowledge__ The episode received generally positive reviews with critics praising the humor and the guest stars.", "Beyond the Mat (Supernatural) __knowledge__ After one of their favorite wrestlers apparently commits suicide, Sam (Jared Padalecki) and Dean (Jensen Ackles) go to pay their respects only for a man at the wrestling show to get murdered with a strange symbol etched into his body.", "Asylum in Australia __knowledge__ Asylum in Australia is governed by statutes and Government policies which seek to implement Australia's obligations under the Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, to which Australia is a party.", "Asylum in Australia __knowledge__ Thousands of refugees have sought asylum in Australia over the past decade, with the main forces driving movement being war, civil unrest and persecution.", "Asylum in Australia __knowledge__ The annual refugee quota is currently 20,000 people.", "Asylum in Australia __knowledge__ From 1945 to the early 1990s, more than half a million refugees and other displaced persons were accepted into Australia.", "Asylum in Australia __knowledge__ Historically, most asylum seekers arrived by plane.", "Asylum in Australia __knowledge__ However, there has been an increasing number of asylum seekers arriving by boat in recent years, which has been met with some public disapproval.", "Fear of medical procedures __knowledge__ Most people suffer from a form of fear of medical procedures during their life.", "Fear of medical procedures __knowledge__ There are many different aspects of this fear and not everyone has every part.", "Fear of medical procedures __knowledge__ Some of these parts include fear of surgery, fear of dental work and fear of doctors (involving fear of needles).", "Fear of medical procedures __knowledge__ These fears are often overlooked, but when a patient has one to the extreme it can be very damaging to their health.", "Fear of medical procedures __knowledge__ Formally, medical fear is defined (by Steward and Steward, see Further reading) as \"any experience that involves medical personnel or procedures involved in the process of evaluating or modifying health status in traditional health care settings\".", "Infective endocarditis __knowledge__ Infective endocarditis is an infection of the inner surface of the heart, usually the valves.", "Infective endocarditis __knowledge__ Symptoms may include fever, small areas of bleeding into the skin, heart murmur, feeling tired, and low red blood cells.", "Infective endocarditis __knowledge__ Complications may include valvular insufficiency, heart failure, stroke, and kidney failure.", "Infective endocarditis __knowledge__ The cause is typically a bacterial infection and less commonly a fungal infection.", "Infective endocarditis __knowledge__ Risk factors include valvular heart disease including rheumatic disease, congenital heart disease, artificial valves, hemodialysis, intravenous drug use, and electronic pacemakers.", "Infective endocarditis __knowledge__ The bacterial most commonly involved are streptococci or staphylococci.", "Mercy Ships __knowledge__ Mercy Ships is an international charity.", "Mercy Ships __knowledge__ Mercy Ships currently operates the largest non-governmental hospital ship in the world, providing humanitarian aid like free health care, community development projects, community health education, mental health programs, agriculture projects, and palliative care for terminally ill patients.", "Mercy Ships __knowledge__ Mercy Ships has operated in more than 57 developing nations and 18 developed nations around the world, with a current focus on the countries of Africa.", "Mercy Ships __knowledge__ The organization has its International Support Center (ISC) in Garden Valley, Texas.", "Mercy Ships __knowledge__ Mercy Ships also has 16 national resource offices in countries that include Spain, Britain, Canada, Germany, Switzerland, the Netherlands, South Africa, Australia, France, Korea, Denmark, Belgium, New Zealand, Sweden and Norway.", "Dental tourism __knowledge__ Dental tourism (also called dental vacations or commonly known as dental holidays in Europe) is a subset of the sector known as medical tourism.", "Dental tourism __knowledge__ It involves individuals seeking dental care outside their local healthcare systems and may be accompanied by a vacation.", "Dental tourism __knowledge__ Dental tourism is growing worldwide; as the world becomes ever more interdependent and competitive, technique, material, and technological advances spread rapidly, allowing providers in developing countries to provide dental care at significant cost savings when compared to their peers in the developed world.", "Dental tourism __knowledge__ While dental tourists may travel for a variety of reasons, their choices are usually driven by price considerations.", "James R. Moriarty __knowledge__ James R. Moriarty (born September 10, 1946) is an American lawyer noted for mass torts against major corporations, including Tenet Healthcare Corporation, Shell Chemicals, DuPont, and Prudential Securities.", "James R. Moriarty __knowledge__ His legal cases have been described in the books \"Serpent on the Rock\" by Kurt Eichenwald, \"Money-Driven Medicine: The Real Reason Health Care Costs So Much\" by Maggie Mahar, and \"Coronary\" by Stephen Klaidman.", "James R. Moriarty __knowledge__ He is a senior partner in the law firm of Moriarty Leyendecker.", "James R. Moriarty __knowledge__ Moriarty was born on September 10, 1946, in Schenectady, New York, shortly after his twin brother Robert James Moriarty, who was born the previous day.", "Guantanamo detainees' medical care __knowledge__ Separate facilities exist to provide for Guantanamo detainees' medical care.", "Guantanamo detainees' medical care __knowledge__ A 2013 Institute on Medicine as a Profession report concluded that health professionals working with the military and intelligence services \"designed and participated in cruel, inhumane and degrading treatment and torture of detainees\".", "Guantanamo detainees' medical care __knowledge__ Medical professionals were ordered to ignore ethical standards during involvement in abusive interrogation, including monitoring of vital signs under stress-inducing procedures.", "Guantanamo detainees' medical care __knowledge__ They used medical information for interrogation purposes and participated in force-feeding of hunger strikers, in violation of World Medical Association and American Medical Association prohibitions.", "Endodontic therapy __knowledge__ Endodontic therapy, also known as endodontic treatment or root canal therapy, is a treatment sequence for the infected pulp of a tooth which results in the elimination of infection and the protection of the decontaminated tooth from future microbial invasion.", "Endodontic therapy __knowledge__ Root canals, and their associated pulp chamber, are the physical hollows within a tooth that are naturally inhabited by nerve tissue, blood vessels and other cellular entities.", "Endodontic therapy __knowledge__ Together, these items constitute the dental pulp.", "Endodontic therapy __knowledge__ Endodontic therapy involves the \"removal\" of these structures, the subsequent shaping, cleaning, and decontamination of the hollows with small files and irrigating solutions, and the \"obturation\" (filling) of the decontaminated canals." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 0, 2 ]

[ "i have always hated going to the dentist, A dentist, also known as a dental surgeon, is a surgeon who specializes in dentistry", "Yeah, The dental team includes dental assistants, dental hygienists, dental technicians and many more ", "not really for me, what about you have you undergone any dental procedures lately?", "Maybe in 6 months but im not sure, The dentist's supporting team aids in providing oral health services" ]

[ "Dentist", "Dentist", "Dentist", "Dentist" ]

[ "Dance\nI love to Dance, even when I am not good at it.", "Yes, Maybe I should take some lessons.", "Sounds interesting, do you know were could I find a good Dance school?", "Yes, I guess. Do you know about any great dancers?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dance __knowledge__ Dance is a performing art form consisting of purposefully selected sequences of human movement.", "Dance __knowledge__ This movement has aesthetic and symbolic value, and is acknowledged as dance by performers and observers within a particular culture.", "Dance __knowledge__ Dance can be categorized and described by its choreography, by its repertoire of movements, or by its historical period or place of origin.", "Dance __knowledge__ An important distinction is to be drawn between the contexts of theatrical and participatory dance, although these two categories are not always completely separate; both may have special functions, whether social, ceremonial, competitive, erotic, martial, or sacred/liturgical.", "Dance __knowledge__ Other forms of human movement are sometimes said to have a dance-like quality, including martial arts, gymnastics, cheerleading, figure skating, synchronized swimming, marching bands, and many other forms of athletics.", "Dance __knowledge__ Theatrical dance, also called performance or concert dance, is intended primarily as a spectacle, usually a performance upon a stage by virtuoso dancers.", "Dance __knowledge__ It often tells a story, perhaps using mime, costume and scenery, or else it may simply interpret the musical accompaniment, which is often specially composed.", "Dance __knowledge__ Examples are western ballet and modern dance, Classical Indian dance and Chinese and Japanese song and dance dramas.", "Disco __knowledge__ Disco is a musical style originating in the early 1970s.", "Disco __knowledge__ It began to emerge from America's urban nightlife scene, where it had been curtailed to house parties and makeshift discotheques from the middle of the decade onwards, after which, it began making regular mainstream appearances, gaining popularity and increasing airplay on radio.", "Disco __knowledge__ Its popularity was achieved sometime during the mid-1970s to the early 1980s.", "Disco __knowledge__ Its initial audiences in the U.S. were club-goers, both male and female, from the African American, Italian American, Latino, and psychedelic communities in Philadelphia, Chicago, San Francisco, and New York City during the late 1960s and early 1970s.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ Tabitha A.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ D'umo (née Cortopassi; born September 11, 1973) and Napoleon Buddy D'umo (born October 17, 1968), known together as Nappytabs, are Emmy Award-winning married choreographers who are often credited with developing \"lyrical\" hip-hop.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ They are best known for their choreography on the television show \"So You Think You Can Dance\" and for being supervising choreographers and executive producers of \"America's Best Dance Crew\".", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ Since being with the former, their choreography has received both praise and criticism.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ They own Nappytabs urban dancewear and have been working in the dance industry since 1996.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ This a list of fictional characters in the television series, Big Time Rush.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ The article deals with main, recurring, minor character and notable guest stars.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ Kendall Knight (Kendall Schmidt) is the leader and founder of Big Time Rush (despite being the youngest) when he accepts to move to Los Angeles and record demos only if Gustavo brings James, Carlos, and Logan along to make them all a band.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ He is portrayed as the glue that keeps the band together.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ He manages to stay cool under pressure (described as \"Cool Rush\") and figure out solutions to problems, thus often resulting in the other guys running to Kendall when they have a problem, being the most mature and responsible member of Big Time Rush.", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ Book of Love is an American synthpop and electronic band, formed in 1983 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and later based out of New York City.", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ Led by vocalist Susan Ottaviano, the band also includes keyboardists Ted Ottaviano (no relation to Susan), Lauren Roselli and Jade Lee.", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ The band gained its first exposure as the opening act for two Depeche Mode tours in 1985 and 1986.", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ The group has been described by the \"Houston Press\" as \"forward thinking\" for lyrics dealing with sexual orientation and gender roles.", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ Their biggest success came on the US dance charts, placing seven singles in the \"Billboard\" Hot Dance Club Play chart between 1985 and 1993.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dance __knowledge__ Dance is a performing art form consisting of purposefully selected sequences of human movement.", "Dance __knowledge__ This movement has aesthetic and symbolic value, and is acknowledged as dance by performers and observers within a particular culture.", "Dance __knowledge__ Dance can be categorized and described by its choreography, by its repertoire of movements, or by its historical period or place of origin.", "Dance __knowledge__ An important distinction is to be drawn between the contexts of theatrical and participatory dance, although these two categories are not always completely separate; both may have special functions, whether social, ceremonial, competitive, erotic, martial, or sacred/liturgical.", "Dance __knowledge__ Other forms of human movement are sometimes said to have a dance-like quality, including martial arts, gymnastics, cheerleading, figure skating, synchronized swimming, marching bands, and many other forms of athletics.", "Dance __knowledge__ Theatrical dance, also called performance or concert dance, is intended primarily as a spectacle, usually a performance upon a stage by virtuoso dancers.", "Dance __knowledge__ It often tells a story, perhaps using mime, costume and scenery, or else it may simply interpret the musical accompaniment, which is often specially composed.", "Dance __knowledge__ Examples are western ballet and modern dance, Classical Indian dance and Chinese and Japanese song and dance dramas.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Richard Christopher \"Rick\" Wakeman (born 18 May 1949) is an English keyboardist, songwriter, television and radio presenter, and author.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the progressive rock band Yes across five tenures between 1971 and 2004 and for his solo albums released in the 1970s.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is a current member of Yes Featuring Jon Anderson, Trevor Rabin and Rick Wakeman.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Born and raised in West London, Wakeman intended to be a concert pianist but quit his studies at the Royal College of Music in 1969 to become a full-time session musician.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ His early sessions included playing on \"Space Oddity\", among others, for David Bowie and songs by Junior's Eyes, T. Rex, Elton John, and Cat Stevens.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Yes Man (film) __knowledge__ Yes Man is a 2008 British-American comedy film directed by Peyton Reed, written by Nicholas Stoller, Jarrad Paul, and Andrew Mogel and starring Jim Carrey and co-starring Zooey Deschanel.", "Yes Man (film) __knowledge__ The film is based loosely on the 2005 book of the same name by British humorist Danny Wallace, who also makes a cameo appearance in the film.", "Yes Man (film) __knowledge__ The film was a box office success, but received mixed reviews from critics.", "Yes Man (film) __knowledge__ It was released on December 19, 2008, opening at No.", "Yes Man (film) __knowledge__ 1 at the box office in its first weekend with $18.3 million and was then released in the United Kingdom on December 26, 2008, going straight to the top of the box office in its first weekend after release.", "Yes, I Can __knowledge__ Yes, I Can () is a teaching method for adult literacy which was developed by Cuban educator Dr. and first trialled in Haiti and Nicaragua in 2000.", "Yes, I Can __knowledge__ To date, this method has been used in 29 nations allowing over 6 million people to develop basic literacy.", "Yes, I Can __knowledge__ The program was originally developed in Spanish and known as \"Yo, sí puedo\".", "Yes, I Can __knowledge__ It has now been translated into many languages including Portuguese, English, Quechua, Aymara, Creole and Swahili.", "Yes, I Can __knowledge__ The Yes I Can literacy method uses pre-recorded lessons on video or DVD that are delivered by a local facilitator.", "Yes, I Can __knowledge__ Yes I Can also uses an alphanumeric association between numbers and letters.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Malayali __knowledge__ The Malayali people or Keralite people (also spelt Malayalee, Malayalam script: മലയാളി and കേരളൈറ്റ്) are an Indian ethnic group originating from the present-day state of Kerala, located in South India.", "Malayali __knowledge__ They are identified as native speakers of the Malayalam language, which is classified as part of the Dravidian family of languages.", "Malayali __knowledge__ As they primarily live in Kerala, the word Keralite is used as an alternative to Malayali.", "Malayali __knowledge__ According to the Indian census of 2011, there are approximately 33 million Malayalis in Kerala, making up 96.7% of the total population of the state.", "Malayali __knowledge__ Malayali minorities are also found in the neighboring state of Tamil Nadu, and also in other metropolitan areas of India.", "Performing arts __knowledge__ Performing arts are a form of art in which artists use their voices or bodies, often in relation to other objects, to convey artistic expression.", "Performing arts __knowledge__ It is different from visual arts, which is when artists use paint, canvas or various materials to create physical or static art objects.", "Performing arts __knowledge__ Performing arts include several disciplines, each performed in front of a live audience.", "Performing arts __knowledge__ Theatre, music, dance, and other kinds of performances are present in all human cultures.", "Performing arts __knowledge__ The history of music and dance date to pre-historic times.", "Performing arts __knowledge__ More refined versions, such as ballet, opera, and Kabuki, are performed professionally.", "Sony Centre for the Performing Arts __knowledge__ The Sony Centre for the Performing Arts is a major performing arts venue in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and it is the country's largest soft-seat theatre.", "Sony Centre for the Performing Arts __knowledge__ The building opened as the O’Keefe Centre on 1 October 1960, and it has hosted a variety of international attractions and stars.", "Sony Centre for the Performing Arts __knowledge__ The theatre, designated a heritage building by the City of Toronto, underwent renovations to restore its iconic features such as the marquee canopy and York Wilson’s lobby mural, \"The Seven Lively Arts\".", "Sony Centre for the Performing Arts __knowledge__ Restoration of the wood, brass and marble that were hallmarks of the original facility was undertaken, along with audience seating, flooring upgrades, new washrooms and reconfigured lobby spaces.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Dengaku __knowledge__ Dengaku (田楽) were rustic Japanese celebrations that can be classified into two types: dengaku that developed as a musical accompaniment to rice planting observances and the dengaku dances that developed in conjunction with sangaku.", "Dengaku __knowledge__ The dengaku celebrated for rice planting was performed by villagers either at the New Year or during the planting season in early summer.", "Dengaku __knowledge__ It was only in the 14th century that these dances were brought to the cities and incorporated into Noh theater, notably by the playwright and actor Kan'ami.", "Dengaku __knowledge__ The instrument of dengaku is the sasara, a wooden percussive instrument clapper, though there are other instruments that can be used.", "Ego (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Ego\" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé for the deluxe edition of her third studio album, \"I Am... Sasha Fierce\" (2008).", "Ego (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ The song was composed by Elvis Williams, Harold Lilly, and Beyoncé.", "Ego (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Ego\" was officially remixed with additional vocals from hip hop artist, Kanye West.", "Ego (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ Initially planned to be released in January 2009 as the second urban single in the US along with the fourth US and third international single \"Halo\", the release of \"Ego\" was canceled and replaced by \"Diva\".", "Ego (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Ego\" was later serviced as the third urban single, and fifth overall single in the US on May 19, 2009 alongside the sixth US and fourth international single \"Sweet Dreams\".", "British Army during the American Revolutionary War __knowledge__ The British Army during the American Revolutionary War served for eight years in campaigns fought around the globe.", "British Army during the American Revolutionary War __knowledge__ Defeat at the Siege of Yorktown to a combined Franco-US force ultimately led to the loss of the Thirteen Colonies in eastern North America, and the concluding Treaty of Paris deprived Britain of many of the gains achieved in the Seven Years' War.", "British Army during the American Revolutionary War __knowledge__ However several victories elsewhere meant that much of the British Empire remained intact.", "British Army during the American Revolutionary War __knowledge__ In 1775 the British Army was a volunteer force The British Army — Chapter One |publisher=Americanrevolution.org|accessdate=2013-09-23}} The army had suffered from lack of peacetime spending and ineffective recruitment in the decade since the Seven Years' War, circumstances which had left it in a dilapidated state at the outbreak of war in North America." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dance __knowledge__ Dance is a performing art form consisting of purposefully selected sequences of human movement.", "Dance __knowledge__ This movement has aesthetic and symbolic value, and is acknowledged as dance by performers and observers within a particular culture.", "Dance __knowledge__ Dance can be categorized and described by its choreography, by its repertoire of movements, or by its historical period or place of origin.", "Dance __knowledge__ An important distinction is to be drawn between the contexts of theatrical and participatory dance, although these two categories are not always completely separate; both may have special functions, whether social, ceremonial, competitive, erotic, martial, or sacred/liturgical.", "Dance __knowledge__ Other forms of human movement are sometimes said to have a dance-like quality, including martial arts, gymnastics, cheerleading, figure skating, synchronized swimming, marching bands, and many other forms of athletics.", "Dance __knowledge__ Theatrical dance, also called performance or concert dance, is intended primarily as a spectacle, usually a performance upon a stage by virtuoso dancers.", "Dance __knowledge__ It often tells a story, perhaps using mime, costume and scenery, or else it may simply interpret the musical accompaniment, which is often specially composed.", "Dance __knowledge__ Examples are western ballet and modern dance, Classical Indian dance and Chinese and Japanese song and dance dramas.", "Pretty Good Dance Moves __knowledge__ Pretty Good Dance Moves is an indietronica band from Chicago, Illinois in the United States.", "Pretty Good Dance Moves __knowledge__ Their sound, sometimes also labeled as electropop, is influenced by 1980s new wave, electronic, pop and indie rock genres.", "Pretty Good Dance Moves __knowledge__ Pretty Good Dance Moves started in 2007 in Chicago when Aaron and Jimmy met while bartending together in Chicago.", "Pretty Good Dance Moves __knowledge__ Their parents are of Italian and Greek-Cyprian descent respectively.", "Pretty Good Dance Moves __knowledge__ Pretty Good Dance Moves's first songs were \"P.G.D.M\" and \"Demons Dancing\" which were recorded between June and September 2007.", "Pretty Good Dance Moves __knowledge__ Jimmy and Aaron were looking for some female presence in the group and called up Genevieve Schatz from Chicago band Company of Thieves and started to create music together.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Arthur Penhallow (born December 20, 1943) is a radio presenter in Detroit, Michigan who hosted afternoons on active rock station WRIF from 1970-2009.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ On March 30, 2009, WRIF owner Greater Media announced that the station and Penhallow had been unable to come to terms on a new contract.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Penhallow was born in Honolulu, Hawaii.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Arthur being a Vietnam veteran served in the USAF from 1962 through 1968.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Before beginning his long tenure with WRIF, Art had toured with a band that played with the Mamas & the Papas, among others.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Under the name \"Cicero Grimes\", he worked at WNRZ in Ann Arbor in 1970, and then moved to WRIF's predecessor, WXYZ-FM, which at the time was airing a syndicated progressive-rock format distributed by ABC called \"Love\".", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Gus Giordano __knowledge__ Gus Giordano (July 10, 1923 – March 9, 2008), born August Thomas Giordano III, was an American jazz dancer, teacher and choreographer.", "Gus Giordano __knowledge__ He performed on Broadway and in theater and television.", "Gus Giordano __knowledge__ Gus taught jazz dance to thousands in North America, Europe, Asia and South America.", "Gus Giordano __knowledge__ He was the founder of Gus Giordano Dance School (1953), founder of Gus Giordano Jazz Dance Chicago (1963), creator of the First American Jazz Dance World Congress (1990) and the author of \"Anthology of American Jazz Dance\" (1975)\",\" the first book on jazz dance.", "Gus Giordano __knowledge__ He taught at institutions around the world including American Ballet Theatre, The American University of Paris, Duke University, Joffrey Ballet, New York University and hundreds more.", "Hot Shots (dance companies) __knowledge__ The Hot Shots is a collective name for two closely related Swedish dance companies based in Stockholm, Sweden: The Rhythm Hot Shots and the Harlem Hot Shots.", "Hot Shots (dance companies) __knowledge__ The Hot Shots specialize in faithful reproductions of African-American dance scenes in American films from the 1920s, 30s, and 40s.", "Hot Shots (dance companies) __knowledge__ Dances that they perform include Lindy Hop, Tap dance, Cakewalk, Charleston, and Black Bottom.", "Hot Shots (dance companies) __knowledge__ The members of the Hot Shots are also respected dance instructors and accomplished social dancers.", "Hot Shots (dance companies) __knowledge__ The goals of The Rhythm Hot Shots and the Harlem Hot Shots are the same.", "Hot Shots (dance companies) __knowledge__ On 6 May 2005, all of the current and previous members of the Hot Shots celebrated 20 years by performing \"20 Years With the Hot Shots\" at Södra Teatern in Stockholm.", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ Keith Noel Emerson (2 November 1944 – 11 March 2016) was an English musician and composer.", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ He played keyboards in a number of bands before finding his first commercial success with the Nice in the late 1960s.", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ He became internationally famous for his work with the Nice, which included writing rock arrangements of classical music.", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ After leaving the Nice in 1970, he was a founding member of Emerson, Lake & Palmer (ELP), one of the early progressive rock supergroups.", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ Emerson, Lake & Palmer were commercially successful through much of the 1970s, becoming one of the best-known progressive rock groups of the era.", "Derek Jewell __knowledge__ Derek Jewell, (1927 - 21 November 1985) was a British writer, broadcaster and music critic.", "Derek Jewell __knowledge__ A music critic for the London \"Sunday Times\" for twenty-three years, Jewell wrote extensively about jazz, and also introduced British audiences to avant garde jazz, rock and improvisational music, especially through live performances on his BBC Radio show, \"Sounds Interesting\".", "Derek Jewell __knowledge__ In addition to producing columns of music criticism for the \"Sunday Times\" (he also wrote periodically for the now-defunct \"Illustrated London News\"), Jewell was the author of a number of books about popular music including \"The Popular Voice\" (1980), \"Duke - A Portrait of Duke Ellington\" (1977), and \"Frank Sinatra\" (co-written with George Perry, 1985).", "Pierre Bourdieu __knowledge__ Pierre Felix Bourdieu (; 1 August 1930 – 23 January 2002) was a French sociologist, anthropologist, philosopher, and public intellectual.", "Pierre Bourdieu __knowledge__ Bourdieu's work was primarily concerned with the dynamics of power in society, and especially the diverse and subtle ways in which power is transferred and social order maintained within and across generations.", "Pierre Bourdieu __knowledge__ In conscious opposition to the idealist tradition of much of Western philosophy, his work often emphasized the corporeal nature of social life and stressed the role of practice and embodiment in social dynamics.", "Pierre Bourdieu __knowledge__ Building upon the theories of Martin Heidegger, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Edmund Husserl, Georges Canguilhem, Karl Marx, Gaston Bachelard, Max Weber, Émile Durkheim, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Erwin Panofsky, and Marcel Mauss (among others), his research pioneered novel investigative frameworks and methods, and introduced such influential concepts as cultural, social, and symbolic forms of capital (as opposed to traditional economic forms of capital), the cultural reproduction, the habitus, the field or location, and symbolic violence.", "Wolff-Michael Roth __knowledge__ Wolff-Michael Roth (Born June 28, 1953, Heidelberg) is a learning scientist at the University of Victoria conducting research on how people across the life span know and learn mathematics and science.", "Wolff-Michael Roth __knowledge__ He has contributed to numerous fields of research: learning science in learning communities, coteaching, authentic school science education, cultural-historical activity theory, social studies of science, gesture studies, qualitative research methods, embodied cognition, situated cognition, and the role of language in learning science and mathematics.", "Wolff-Michael Roth __knowledge__ Roth received a master's degree of physics from the University of Wuerzburg and completed a doctorate in the College of Science and Technology at the University of Southern Mississippi (Hattiesburg, Mississippi) with concentrations in cognition, statistics, and physical chemistry.", "Nonverbal communication __knowledge__ Nonverbal communication (NVC) between people is communication through sending and receiving wordless clues.", "Nonverbal communication __knowledge__ It includes the use of visual cues such as body language (kinesics), distance (proxemics) and physical environments/appearance, of voice (paralanguage) and of touch (haptics).", "Nonverbal communication __knowledge__ It can also include chronemics (the use of time) and oculesics (eye contact and the actions of looking while talking and listening, frequency of glances, patterns of fixation, pupil dilation, and blink rate).", "Nonverbal communication __knowledge__ Just as speech contains nonverbal elements known as paralanguage, including voice quality, rate, pitch, volume, and speaking style, as well as prosodic features such as rhythm, intonation, and stress, so written texts have nonverbal elements such as handwriting style, spatial arrangement of words, or the physical layout of a page.", "Origin of language __knowledge__ The first language in the human species has been the topic of scholarly discussions for several centuries.", "Origin of language __knowledge__ There is no consensus on the origin or age of human language.", "Origin of language __knowledge__ The topic is difficult to study because of the lack of direct evidence.", "Origin of language __knowledge__ Consequently, scholars wishing to study the origins of language must draw inferences from other kinds of evidence such as the fossil record, archaeological evidence, contemporary language diversity, studies of language acquisition, and comparisons between human language and systems of communication existing among animals (particularly other primates).", "Origin of language __knowledge__ Many argue that the origins of language probably relate closely to the origins of modern human behavior, but there is little agreement about the implications and directionality of this connection.", "History of painting __knowledge__ The history of painting reaches back in time to artifacts from pre-historic humans, and spans all cultures.", "History of painting __knowledge__ It represents a continuous, though periodically disrupted, tradition from Antiquity.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Across cultures, and spanning continents and millennia, the history of painting is an ongoing river of creativity, that continues into the 21st century.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Until the early 20th century it relied primarily on representational, religious and classical motifs, after which time more purely abstract and conceptual approaches gained favor.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Developments in Eastern painting historically parallel those in Western painting, in general, a few centuries earlier.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ Ethnomusicology is the study of music from the cultural and social aspects of the people who make it.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ It encompasses distinct theoretical and methodical approaches that emphasize cultural, social, material, cognitive, biological, and other dimensions or contexts of musical behavior, instead of only its isolated sound component.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ The term \"ethnomusicology\" is said to have been first coined by Jaap Kunst from the Greek words ἔθνος (\"ethnos\", \"nation\") and μουσική (\"mousike\", \"music\"), is often defined as the anthropology or ethnography of music, or as musical anthropology.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ During its early development from comparative musicology in the 1950s, ethnomusicology was primarily oriented toward non-Western music, but for several decades has included the study of all and any musics of the world (including Western art music and popular music) from anthropological, sociological and intercultural perspectives.", "Aesthetics __knowledge__ Aesthetics ( or ; also spelled esthetics) is a branch of philosophy that explores the nature of art, beauty, and taste, with the creation and appreciation of beauty.", "Aesthetics __knowledge__ In its more technically epistemological perspective, it is defined as the study of subjective and sensori-emotional values, sometimes called judgments of sentiment and taste.", "Aesthetics __knowledge__ Aesthetics studies how artists imagine, create and perform works of art; how people use, enjoy, and criticize art; and what happens in their minds when they look at paintings, listen to music, or read poetry, and understand what they see and hear.", "Aesthetics __knowledge__ It also studies how they feel about art-- why they like some works and not others, and how art can affect their moods, beliefs, and attitude toward life." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dance __knowledge__ Dance is a performing art form consisting of purposefully selected sequences of human movement.", "Dance __knowledge__ This movement has aesthetic and symbolic value, and is acknowledged as dance by performers and observers within a particular culture.", "Dance __knowledge__ Dance can be categorized and described by its choreography, by its repertoire of movements, or by its historical period or place of origin.", "Dance __knowledge__ An important distinction is to be drawn between the contexts of theatrical and participatory dance, although these two categories are not always completely separate; both may have special functions, whether social, ceremonial, competitive, erotic, martial, or sacred/liturgical.", "Dance __knowledge__ Other forms of human movement are sometimes said to have a dance-like quality, including martial arts, gymnastics, cheerleading, figure skating, synchronized swimming, marching bands, and many other forms of athletics.", "Dance __knowledge__ Theatrical dance, also called performance or concert dance, is intended primarily as a spectacle, usually a performance upon a stage by virtuoso dancers.", "Dance __knowledge__ It often tells a story, perhaps using mime, costume and scenery, or else it may simply interpret the musical accompaniment, which is often specially composed.", "Dance __knowledge__ Examples are western ballet and modern dance, Classical Indian dance and Chinese and Japanese song and dance dramas.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Maddie Ziegler __knowledge__ Madison Nicole Ziegler (born September 30, 2002), better known as Maddie Ziegler, is an American dancer, actress and model.", "Maddie Ziegler __knowledge__ She first became known for appearing in Lifetime's reality show \"Dance Moms\" from 2011 (at age 8) until 2016.", "Maddie Ziegler __knowledge__ From 2014 to 2017, she gained wider fame for starring in six music videos by Sia, including \"Chandelier\" and \"Elastic Heart\", which cumulatively have attracted more than 3.5 billion views on YouTube.", "Maddie Ziegler __knowledge__ Ziegler has appeared in films, television and concerts, and has modeled on magazine covers and in advertisements for Capezio, Ralph Lauren and Target, among other brands.", "Flag of Germany __knowledge__ The flag of Germany or German Flag () is a tricolour consisting of three equal horizontal bands displaying the national colours of Germany: black, red, and gold ().", "Flag of Germany __knowledge__ The flag was first adopted as the national flag of modern Germany in 1919, during the short-lived Weimar Republic to 1933.", "Flag of Germany __knowledge__ Germany has two competing traditions of national colours, black-red-gold and black-white-red, which have played an important role in the modern history of Germany.", "Flag of Germany __knowledge__ The black-red-gold tricolour's first appearance anywhere in a German-ethnicity sovereign state within what today comprises Germany occurred in 1778, and achieved prominence during the 1848 Revolutions.", "History of Chinese dance __knowledge__ Dance in China has a long recorded history.", "History of Chinese dance __knowledge__ Some Chinese dances today, such as dancing with long sleeves, have been recorded at least as early as the Zhou dynasty (c. 1045–256 BCE).", "History of Chinese dance __knowledge__ The most important of the early dances served important ritual and ceremonial roles and are known as \"yayue\" which continued to be performed in the imperial court until the Qing dynasty.", "History of Chinese dance __knowledge__ A profusion of dances in popular and court entertainment as well as folk dances have been recorded in ancient texts.", "History of Chinese dance __knowledge__ The art of dance in China reached a peak during the Tang dynasty (618–907 CE) but declined later.", "History of Chinese dance __knowledge__ In more recent times dance has enjoyed a resurgence and modern developments in Chinese dances are continuing apace.", "Hat puzzle __knowledge__ Hat puzzles are logic problems that date back to as early as 1961.", "Hat puzzle __knowledge__ Such hat puzzles, frequently contextualized as prisoners and hats puzzles, are induction puzzles (a kind of logic puzzle) that involve reasoning about the actions of other people, drawing in aspects of Game theory sometimes called the hierarchy of beliefs.", "Hat puzzle __knowledge__ There are many variations, but the central theme remains the same.", "Hat puzzle __knowledge__ A number of players, at least three, are each wearing a hat, which may be of various specified colours.", "Hat puzzle __knowledge__ Players can see the colours of at least some other players' hats, but not that of their own.", "Hat puzzle __knowledge__ With highly restricted communication or none, some of the players must guess the colour of their hat.", "Bill Evans (dancer) __knowledge__ Bill Evans is a choreographer, performer, teacher, administrator, writer and movement analyst.", "Bill Evans (dancer) __knowledge__ More than 250 of Evans' works have been performed by professional and pre-professional ballet, modern dance and tap dance companies throughout the United States, including his own Bill Evans Dance Company, Repertory Dance Theatre, Concert Dance Company of Boston, Ballet West, Ririe-Woodbury Dance Company, Ruth Page Chicago Ballet, Pacific Northwest Ballet, North Carolina Dance Theater, Stars of American Ballet at Jacob's Pillow, Chicago Tap Theatre, Rochester City Ballet, FuturPointe Dance and many other companies.", "New York City Ballet __knowledge__ New York City Ballet (NYCB) is a ballet company founded in 1948 by choreographer George Balanchine and Lincoln Kirstein.", "New York City Ballet __knowledge__ Léon Barzin was the company's first music director.", "New York City Ballet __knowledge__ Balanchine and Jerome Robbins are considered the founding choreographers of the company.", "New York City Ballet __knowledge__ City Ballet grew out of earlier troupes: the Producing Company of the School of American Ballet, 1934; the American Ballet, 1935, and Ballet Caravan, 1936, which merged into American Ballet Caravan, 1941; and directly from the Ballet Society, 1946.", "New York City Ballet __knowledge__ In a 1946 letter, Kirstein stated, \"The only justification I have is to enable Balanchine to do exactly what he wants to do in the way he wants to do it.\"", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ Bronislava Nijinska (; , \"Bronislava Fominichna Nizhinskaya\", ); ( — February 21, 1972) was a Polish ballet dancer, and an innovative choreographer.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ She came of age in a family of professional dancers.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ Her career started in Sankt Peterburg, adventured to Paris, returned to Russia, then crested in France, and continued in Europe and the Americas.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ Nijinska played a pioneering role in the movement that diverged from 19th-century classical ballet.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ The introduction of modern form and motion, and a minimalist narrative, set the stage for neoclassical works to come.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ After formal ballet training in Sankt Peterburg the Russian capital, she became an 'Artist of the Imperial Theatres' in 1908.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ Tabitha A.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ D'umo (née Cortopassi; born September 11, 1973) and Napoleon Buddy D'umo (born October 17, 1968), known together as Nappytabs, are Emmy Award-winning married choreographers who are often credited with developing \"lyrical\" hip-hop.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ They are best known for their choreography on the television show \"So You Think You Can Dance\" and for being supervising choreographers and executive producers of \"America's Best Dance Crew\".", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ Since being with the former, their choreography has received both praise and criticism.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ They own Nappytabs urban dancewear and have been working in the dance industry since 1996.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ Networked advocacy or net-centric advocacy refers to a specific type of advocacy.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ While networked advocacy has existed for centuries, it has become significantly more efficacious in recent years due in large part to the widespread availability of the internet, mobile telephones, and related communications technologies that enable users to overcome the transaction costs of collective action.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ The study of networked advocacy draws on interdisciplinary sources, including communication theory, political science, and sociology.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ Theories of networked advocacy have been heavily influenced by social movement literature, and refer to the preexisting networks used to create and support collective actions and advocacy as well as the networks that such actions and advocacy create.", "Rhythm Nation (music video) __knowledge__ The music video for recording artist Janet Jackson's single \"Rhythm Nation\" was directed by Dominic Sena.", "Rhythm Nation (music video) __knowledge__ It was filmed as part of the long-form video \"Rhythm Nation 1814 Film\" at a power plant located in Pasadena, California.", "Rhythm Nation (music video) __knowledge__ The video is notable for its \"post-apocalyptic\" warehouse setting, the unisex black military-style uniforms in which Jackson and her dancers were outfitted, and its choreography, considered to \"set the template for hundreds of videos to come in the Nineties and aughts.\"", "Rhythm Nation (music video) __knowledge__ The video's outfit has received various tributes, being displayed at Walt Disney World theme park, Rock & Roll Hall of Fame's \"Women Who Rock: Vision, Passion, Power\" exhibit, and the National Museum of Women in the Arts.", "ISU Judging System __knowledge__ The ISU Judging System (or the International Judging System (IJS)), is the scoring system currently used to judge the figure skating disciplines of men's and ladies' singles, pair skating, ice dancing, and synchronized skating.", "ISU Judging System __knowledge__ It was designed and implemented by the International Skating Union (ISU), the ruling body of the sport.", "ISU Judging System __knowledge__ This system of scoring is used in all international competitions sanctioned by the ISU, including the Olympic Games.", "ISU Judging System __knowledge__ The ISU Judging System replaced the previous 6.0 system in 2004.", "ISU Judging System __knowledge__ This new system was created in response to the 2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal, in an attempt to make the scoring system more objective and less vulnerable to abuse.", "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) __knowledge__ \"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)\" is a song from American singer Beyoncé's third studio album, \"I Am... Sasha Fierce\" (2008).", "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) __knowledge__ Columbia Records released \"Single Ladies\" as a single on October 13, 2008 as a Double A-side alongside \"If I Were a Boy\", showcasing the contrast between Beyoncé and her aggressive onstage alter ego Sasha Fierce.", "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) __knowledge__ It explores men's unwillingness to propose or commit.", "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) __knowledge__ In the song, the female protagonist is in a club to celebrate her single status.", "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) __knowledge__ \"Single Ladies\" won three Grammy Awards in 2010, including Song of the Year, among other accolades.", "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) __knowledge__ Several news media sources named it as one of the best songs of 2008, while some considered it one of the best songs of the decade.", "Songs of Experience (U2 album) __knowledge__ Songs of Experience is the 14th studio album by Irish rock band U2.", "Songs of Experience (U2 album) __knowledge__ Released on 1 December 2017, it was produced by Jacknife Lee and Ryan Tedder with Steve Lillywhite, Andy Barlow, Jolyon Thomas, Brent Kutzle, Paul Epworth, Danger Mouse, and Declan Gaffney.", "Songs of Experience (U2 album) __knowledge__ The album is intended to be a companion piece to U2's previous record, \"Songs of Innocence\" (2014).", "Songs of Experience (U2 album) __knowledge__ Whereas its predecessor explored the group members' adolescence in Ireland in the 1970s, \"Songs of Experience\" thematically is a collection of letters written by lead vocalist Bono to people and places closest to his heart.", "Songs of Experience (U2 album) __knowledge__ \"Songs of Experience\" was first conceived during the \"Songs of Innocence\" sessions and initially started with Bono writing songs while recuperating from a serious November 2014 bicycle accident." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 5 ]

[ "Same here, dance is a great performing art to get into even if you're awful like me.", "You should, it's interesting learning the aesthetic and symbolic movements.", "It really depends where you live, you'd have to find one with good choreography and movements.", "Not really, since I'm more into other dance-like movements like martial arts." ]

[ "Dance", "Dance", "Dance", "Dance" ]

[ "Bowie knife\nI inherited a Bowie knife from my father. He taught me how to thow so that it would stick in a tree.", "I didn't know that. It is a well made knife, since you can not only cut with it, but throw it.", "The Spanish were renowed for their knives and swords made in Toledo Spain.", "I had heard that, since I collect them. Many layers of steel are used though a press and can take an extrordinary amount of time to produce. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ A Bowie knife ( , ) is a pattern of fixed-blade fighting knife created by James Black in the early 19th century for Jim Bowie, who had become famous for his use of a large knife at a duel known as the Sandbar Fight.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ Since the first incarnation, the Bowie knife has come to incorporate several recognizable and characteristic design features, although in common usage the term refers to any large sheath knife with a crossguard and a clip point.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The knife pattern is still popular with collectors; in addition to various knife manufacturing companies there are hundreds of custom knife makers producing Bowies and variations.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The early history of the Bowie knife is complicated by murky definitions, limited supporting documentation and conflicting claims.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The historical Bowie knife was not a single design, but was a series of knives improved several times by Jim Bowie over the years.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The earliest such knife, made by Jesse Clift at Bowie's brother's request resembled Spanish hunting knives of the day, and differed little from a common butcher knife.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The blade, as later described by Rezin Bowie, was long, thick and wide.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ It was straight-backed, described by witnesses as \"a large butcher knife\", and having no clip-point nor any handguard, with a simple riveted wood scale handle.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ James \"Jim\" Bowie (pronounced ) ( – March 6, 1836) was a 19th-century American pioneer, who played a prominent role in the Texas Revolution, culminating in his death at the Battle of the Alamo.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ Stories of him as a fighter and frontiersman, both real and fictitious, have made him a legendary figure in Texas history and a folk hero of American culture.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ Born in Kentucky, Bowie spent most of his life in Louisiana, where he was raised and where he later worked as a land speculator.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ His rise to fame began in 1827 on reports of the Sandbar Fight.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ What began as a duel between two other men deteriorated into a melée in which Bowie, having been shot and stabbed, killed the sheriff of Rapides Parish with a large knife.", "39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States) __knowledge__ The 39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team, formerly called the 39th Infantry Brigade (Separate) – nicknamed the Arkansas Brigade or the Bowie Team – is a infantry brigade combat team of the United States Army made up of soldiers from the Arkansas Army National Guard.", "39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States) __knowledge__ The 39th IBCT was one of fifteen National Guard brigades designated as an enhanced separate brigade.", "39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States) __knowledge__ Brigades with this designation received higher levels of training, more advanced equipment, and higher troop levels than normal National Guard brigades.", "39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States) __knowledge__ It also made these brigades a self-contained combat unit capable of intelligence, reconnaissance, maneuver, fire support, combat service support, and command and control without having to require attachments or detachments during deployments.", "Rezin Bowie __knowledge__ Rezin Pleasant Bowie (September 8, 1793 – January 17, 1841) was a planter, inventor, and mercenary.", "Rezin Bowie __knowledge__ He also served three terms in the Louisiana House of Representatives.", "Rezin Bowie __knowledge__ Bowie's surname was pronounced to rhyme with the French \"Louis\" (/ˈbuːiː/ boo-ee).", "Rezin Bowie __knowledge__ (Although some works refer to the alternate pronunciation /ˈboʊ.i/ bo-ee.", "Rezin Bowie __knowledge__ (\"v.\" James \"Jim\" Bowie) With his brother James \"Jim\" Bowie, Rezin Bowie smuggled slaves and worked as a land speculator.", "Rezin Bowie __knowledge__ The brothers set up the first steam-powered sugar mill in Louisiana.", "Rezin Bowie __knowledge__ Bowie took credit for inventing the Bowie knife, which came to prominence when used by James in the Sandbar Fight of 1827.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes for \"Deadliest Warrior\".", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ \"Deadliest Warrior\" premiered on April 7, 2009 at 10 pm ET.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Nine one-hour episodes of the show were produced for Season 1.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Season 1 was released on DVD and Blu-ray on May 11, 2010.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Apache team: Alan Tafoya (World Champion Knife Fighter), Snake Blocker (U.S. Army Combat Instructor) Apache weapons: Tomahawk, Knife, Bow & Arrow, War Club Apache armor: Rawhide Shield Apache statistics: \"Height:\" 5 feet, 7 inches \"Weight:\" 140 lbs \"Gear Weight:\" 10 pounds Gladiator team: Chris Torres (Ancient Weapons Specialist), Steven Dietrich (Gladiator Combat Instructor), Chuck Liddell (The Iceman) Gladiator weapons: Cestus, Scissor, Trident & Net, Sling, Sica Gladiator armor: Murmillo Helmet, Wooden Shield Gladiator statistics: \"Height:\" 5 feet, 8 inches \"Weight\": 185 lbs \"Gear Weight\": Ranges from 10 lbs to 38 lbs Reenactment 1 The Apache is seen walking in a grassy field.", "Fighting knife __knowledge__ A fighting knife is a knife with a blade designed to inflict a lethal injury in a physical confrontation between two or more individuals at very short range (grappling distance).", "Fighting knife __knowledge__ The combat knife and the trench knife are examples of military fighting knives.", "Fighting knife __knowledge__ Fighting knives were traditionally designed as special-purpose weapons, intended primarily if not solely for use in personal or hand-to-hand combat.", "Fighting knife __knowledge__ This singularity of purpose originally distinguished the fighting knife from the field knife, fighting utility knife, or in modern usage, the tactical knife.", "Fighting knife __knowledge__ The tactical knife is a knife with one or more military features designed for use in extreme situations, which may or may not include a design capability as a fighting or combat weapon.", "Knife legislation __knowledge__ Knife legislation is defined as the body of statutory law or case law promulgated or enacted by a government or other governing jurisdiction that prohibits, criminalizes, or restricts the otherwise legal manufacture, importation, sale, transfer, possession, transport, or use of knives.", "Knife legislation __knowledge__ The carrying of knives in public is forbidden or restricted by law in many countries.", "Knife legislation __knowledge__ Exceptions may be made for hunting knives, pocket knives, and knives used for work-related purposes (chef's knives, etc.", "Knife legislation __knowledge__ ), depending upon the laws of a given jurisdiction.", "Knife legislation __knowledge__ In turn, the carrying or possessing of certain type of knives perceived as deadly or offensive weapons such as automatic or switchblade knives or butterfly knives may be restricted or prohibited." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ A Bowie knife ( , ) is a pattern of fixed-blade fighting knife created by James Black in the early 19th century for Jim Bowie, who had become famous for his use of a large knife at a duel known as the Sandbar Fight.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ Since the first incarnation, the Bowie knife has come to incorporate several recognizable and characteristic design features, although in common usage the term refers to any large sheath knife with a crossguard and a clip point.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The knife pattern is still popular with collectors; in addition to various knife manufacturing companies there are hundreds of custom knife makers producing Bowies and variations.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The early history of the Bowie knife is complicated by murky definitions, limited supporting documentation and conflicting claims.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The historical Bowie knife was not a single design, but was a series of knives improved several times by Jim Bowie over the years.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The earliest such knife, made by Jesse Clift at Bowie's brother's request resembled Spanish hunting knives of the day, and differed little from a common butcher knife.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The blade, as later described by Rezin Bowie, was long, thick and wide.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ It was straight-backed, described by witnesses as \"a large butcher knife\", and having no clip-point nor any handguard, with a simple riveted wood scale handle.", "Ernest Emerson __knowledge__ Ernest R. Emerson (born March 7, 1955) is an American custom knifemaker, martial artist, and edged-weapons expert.", "Ernest Emerson __knowledge__ Originally an engineer and machinist in the aerospace industry, Emerson became a knifemaker by producing knives for a martial arts class and making art knives early in his knifemaking career.", "Ernest Emerson __knowledge__ In the 1980s he became better known for his combat knives and popularizing a style of knife known as the Tactical-folder.", "Ernest Emerson __knowledge__ In order to secure military contracts, Emerson eventually founded Emerson Knives, Inc a production company to mass-produce his designs in 1996.", "Ernest Emerson __knowledge__ Emerson's knives have been displayed as museum pieces, designed for use by Navy SEALs and used by NASA in outer space.", "O. J. Simpson murder case __knowledge__ The O. J. Simpson murder case (officially titled People of the State of California v. Orenthal James Simpson) was a criminal trial held at the Los Angeles County Superior Court in which former National Football League (NFL) player, broadcaster, and actor Orenthal James \"O.", "O. J. Simpson murder case __knowledge__ J.\"", "O. J. Simpson murder case __knowledge__ Simpson was tried on two counts of murder for the June 12, 1994, deaths of his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and Mezzaluna restaurant waiter Ronald Goldman.", "O. J. Simpson murder case __knowledge__ The trial spanned eleven months, from the jury's swearing-in on November 9, 1994.", "O. J. Simpson murder case __knowledge__ Opening statements were made on January 24, 1995, and the verdict was announced on October 3, 1995, when Simpson was declared not guilty of murder on both counts.", "1989 Ashes series __knowledge__ The 1989 Ashes series was that year's edition of the long-standing and storied cricket rivalry between England and Australia.", "1989 Ashes series __knowledge__ Starting on 8 June 1989, England and Australia played six Tests, with the Ashes previously having been held by England since the 1977 Ashes series.", "1989 Ashes series __knowledge__ The final result was a 4-0 series win for Australia, who had gone into the series as underdogs, and had been rated by the English media as \"possibly the worst side to ever tour England\" prior to the series.", "1989 Ashes series __knowledge__ The series victory marked the beginning of a remarkable period of 16 years in which Australia would retain the Ashes over the course of 4 home and 3 away series until England eventually won them back in the 2005 Ashes series.", "39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States) __knowledge__ The 39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team, formerly called the 39th Infantry Brigade (Separate) – nicknamed the Arkansas Brigade or the Bowie Team – is a infantry brigade combat team of the United States Army made up of soldiers from the Arkansas Army National Guard.", "39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States) __knowledge__ The 39th IBCT was one of fifteen National Guard brigades designated as an enhanced separate brigade.", "39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States) __knowledge__ Brigades with this designation received higher levels of training, more advanced equipment, and higher troop levels than normal National Guard brigades.", "39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States) __knowledge__ It also made these brigades a self-contained combat unit capable of intelligence, reconnaissance, maneuver, fire support, combat service support, and command and control without having to require attachments or detachments during deployments.", "Bob Loveless __knowledge__ Robert Waldorf Loveless (January 2, 1929 – September 2, 2010), a.k.a.", "Bob Loveless __knowledge__ Bob Loveless or RW Loveless, was an American knife maker who designed and popularized the hollowground drop point blade and the use of full tapered tangs and screw-type handle scale fasteners within the art of knifemaking.", "Bob Loveless __knowledge__ He is cited by other knifemakers and collectors as one of the most innovative custom knife makers in the world.", "Bob Loveless __knowledge__ Loveless was born on January 2, 1929 in Warren, Ohio.", "Bob Loveless __knowledge__ When he was 14, he altered his birth certificate and joined the Merchant Marine and later served as an Air Corps control tower operator on Iwo Jima.", "CQC-6 __knowledge__ The CQC-6 (Close Quarters Combat — Six) or Viper Six is a handmade tactical folding knife with a tantō blade manufactured by knifemaker Ernest Emerson.", "CQC-6 __knowledge__ Although initially reported as the sixth design in an evolution of fighting knives and the first model in the lineup of Emerson's Specwar Custom Knives, Emerson later revealed that the knife was named for SEAL Team Six.", "CQC-6 __knowledge__ It has a chisel-ground blade of ATS-34 or 154CM stainless steel and a handle made of titanium and linen micarta.", "CQC-6 __knowledge__ The CQC-6 is credited as the knife that popularized the concept of the tactical folding knife.", "CQC-6 __knowledge__ The CQC-6 has a 3 5/16\" long blade.", "Kitchen knife __knowledge__ A kitchen knife is any knife that is intended to be used in food preparation.", "Kitchen knife __knowledge__ While much of this work can be accomplished with a few general-purpose knives – notably a large chef's knife, a tough cleaver, and a small paring knife – there are also many specialized knives that are designed for specific tasks.", "Kitchen knife __knowledge__ Kitchen knives can be made from several different materials.", "Kitchen knife __knowledge__ Steel blades can be manufactured either by being forged or stamped.", "Kitchen knife __knowledge__ The edge of the knife can be sharpened to a cutting surface in a number of different ways.", "Kitchen knife __knowledge__ There are three main features: Kitchen knives generally either feature a curve near the tip, as in a chef's knife, or are straight for their entire length.", "Fighting knife __knowledge__ A fighting knife is a knife with a blade designed to inflict a lethal injury in a physical confrontation between two or more individuals at very short range (grappling distance).", "Fighting knife __knowledge__ The combat knife and the trench knife are examples of military fighting knives.", "Fighting knife __knowledge__ Fighting knives were traditionally designed as special-purpose weapons, intended primarily if not solely for use in personal or hand-to-hand combat.", "Fighting knife __knowledge__ This singularity of purpose originally distinguished the fighting knife from the field knife, fighting utility knife, or in modern usage, the tactical knife.", "Fighting knife __knowledge__ The tactical knife is a knife with one or more military features designed for use in extreme situations, which may or may not include a design capability as a fighting or combat weapon.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ James \"Jim\" Bowie (pronounced ) ( – March 6, 1836) was a 19th-century American pioneer, who played a prominent role in the Texas Revolution, culminating in his death at the Battle of the Alamo.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ Stories of him as a fighter and frontiersman, both real and fictitious, have made him a legendary figure in Texas history and a folk hero of American culture.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ Born in Kentucky, Bowie spent most of his life in Louisiana, where he was raised and where he later worked as a land speculator.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ His rise to fame began in 1827 on reports of the Sandbar Fight.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ What began as a duel between two other men deteriorated into a melée in which Bowie, having been shot and stabbed, killed the sheriff of Rapides Parish with a large knife.", "James Black (blacksmith) __knowledge__ James Black (May 1, 1800 - June 22, 1872) was an American knifemaker best known for his improvements to Bowie knife designed by Jim Bowie.", "James Black (blacksmith) __knowledge__ James Black was born in Hackensack, New Jersey on 1 May 1800.", "James Black (blacksmith) __knowledge__ James' mother died when he was very young and he had difficulty getting along with his stepmother.", "James Black (blacksmith) __knowledge__ Black ran away from home to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania at age 8 and was apprenticed to a silversmith.", "James Black (blacksmith) __knowledge__ At age 18 he migrated westward and took jobs on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers.", "James Black (blacksmith) __knowledge__ About 1820 Black spent some time at Bayou Sara in Louisiana working as a ferryman and as a steamboat deckhand on the Red River which took him upstream to Fulton, Arkansas.", "Ka-Bar __knowledge__ Ka-Bar (trademarked as KA-BAR) is the contemporary popular name for the combat knife first adopted by the United States Marine Corps in November 1942 as the 1219C2 combat knife (later designated the USMC Mark 2 combat knife or Knife, Fighting Utility), and subsequently adopted by the United States Navy as the U.S. Navy utility knife, Mark 2.", "Ka-Bar __knowledge__ Additionally, Ka-Bar is the name of a related knife manufacturing company, Ka-Bar Knives., Inc. (formerly Union Cutlery Co.) of Olean, New York, a subsidiary of the Cutco Corporation.", "Ka-Bar __knowledge__ Although Ka-Bar Knives, Inc. currently makes a wide variety of knives and cutlery, it is best known for the Ka-Bar Fighting/Utility knife, which has traditionally used a 7 in." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ A Bowie knife ( , ) is a pattern of fixed-blade fighting knife created by James Black in the early 19th century for Jim Bowie, who had become famous for his use of a large knife at a duel known as the Sandbar Fight.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ Since the first incarnation, the Bowie knife has come to incorporate several recognizable and characteristic design features, although in common usage the term refers to any large sheath knife with a crossguard and a clip point.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The knife pattern is still popular with collectors; in addition to various knife manufacturing companies there are hundreds of custom knife makers producing Bowies and variations.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The early history of the Bowie knife is complicated by murky definitions, limited supporting documentation and conflicting claims.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The historical Bowie knife was not a single design, but was a series of knives improved several times by Jim Bowie over the years.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The earliest such knife, made by Jesse Clift at Bowie's brother's request resembled Spanish hunting knives of the day, and differed little from a common butcher knife.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The blade, as later described by Rezin Bowie, was long, thick and wide.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ It was straight-backed, described by witnesses as \"a large butcher knife\", and having no clip-point nor any handguard, with a simple riveted wood scale handle.", "Toledo, Spain __knowledge__ Toledo () is a city and municipality located in central Spain; it is the capital of the province of Toledo and the autonomous community of Castile–La Mancha.", "Toledo, Spain __knowledge__ Toledo was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1986 for its extensive monumental and cultural heritage.", "Toledo, Spain __knowledge__ Toledo is known as the \"Imperial City\" for having been the main venue of the court of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and as the \"City of the Three Cultures\" for the cultural influences of Christians, Muslims and Jews reflected in its history.", "Toledo, Spain __knowledge__ It was also the capital of the ancient Visigothic kingdom of Hispania, which followed the fall of the Roman Empire, and the location of historic events such as the Visigothic Councils of Toledo.", "Knife legislation __knowledge__ Knife legislation is defined as the body of statutory law or case law promulgated or enacted by a government or other governing jurisdiction that prohibits, criminalizes, or restricts the otherwise legal manufacture, importation, sale, transfer, possession, transport, or use of knives.", "Knife legislation __knowledge__ The carrying of knives in public is forbidden or restricted by law in many countries.", "Knife legislation __knowledge__ Exceptions may be made for hunting knives, pocket knives, and knives used for work-related purposes (chef's knives, etc.", "Knife legislation __knowledge__ ), depending upon the laws of a given jurisdiction.", "Knife legislation __knowledge__ In turn, the carrying or possessing of certain type of knives perceived as deadly or offensive weapons such as automatic or switchblade knives or butterfly knives may be restricted or prohibited.", "Sword __knowledge__ A sword is a bladed weapon intended for slashing or thrusting that is longer than a knife or dagger.", "Sword __knowledge__ The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration.", "Sword __knowledge__ A sword consists of a long blade attached to a hilt.", "Sword __knowledge__ The blade can be straight or curved.", "Sword __knowledge__ Thrusting swords have a pointed tip on the blade, and tend to be straighter; slashing swords have a sharpened cutting edge on one or both sides of the blade, and are more likely to be curved.", "Sword __knowledge__ Many swords are designed for both thrusting and slashing.", "Sword __knowledge__ Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to about 1600 BC.", "Iron Age sword __knowledge__ Swords made of iron (as opposed to bronze) appear from the Early Iron Age (c. 12th century BC), but do not become widespread before the 8th century BC.", "Iron Age sword __knowledge__ Early Iron Age swords were significantly different from later steel swords.", "Iron Age sword __knowledge__ They were work-hardened, rather than quench-hardened, which made them about the same or only slightly better in terms of strength and hardness to earlier bronze swords.", "Iron Age sword __knowledge__ This meant that they could still be bent out of shape during use.", "Iron Age sword __knowledge__ The easier production, however, and the greater availability of the raw material allowed for much larger scale production.", "Iron Age sword __knowledge__ Eventually smiths learned that by adding an amount of carbon (added during smelting in the form of charcoal) to the iron, they could produce an improved alloy (now known as steel).", "Japanese sword __knowledge__ A is one of several types of traditionally made swords from Japan.", "Japanese sword __knowledge__ Swords have been made from as early as the Kofun period, though generally \"Japanese swords\" refer to the curved blades made after the Heian period.", "Japanese sword __knowledge__ There are many types of Japanese swords that differ by size, shape, field of application and method of manufacture.", "Japanese sword __knowledge__ Some of the more commonly known types of Japanese swords are the katana, wakizashi, odachi, and tachi.", "Japanese sword __knowledge__ The type classifications for Japanese swords indicate the combination of a blade and its mounts as this, then, determines the style of use of the blade.", "Japanese sword __knowledge__ An unsigned and shortened blade that was once made and intended for use as a tachi may be alternately mounted in tachi koshirae and katana koshirae.", "Japanese swordsmithing __knowledge__ Japanese swordsmithing is the labour-intensive bladesmithing process developed in Japan for forging traditionally made bladed weapons (nihonto) including katana, wakizashi, tantō, yari, naginata, nagamaki, tachi, uchigatana, nodachi, ōdachi, kodachi, and ya (arrow).", "Japanese swordsmithing __knowledge__ Japanese sword blades were often forged with different profiles, different blade thicknesses, and varying amounts of grind.", "Japanese swordsmithing __knowledge__ Wakizashi and tantō were not simply scaled-down katana; they were often forged without ridge (\"hira-zukuri\") or other such forms which were very rare on katana.", "Japanese swordsmithing __knowledge__ The steel used is known as , or \"jewel steel\" (\"tama\" - ball or jewel, \"hagane\" - steel).", "Navaja __knowledge__ The navaja is a traditional Spanish folding-blade fighting and utility knife.", "Navaja __knowledge__ One of the oldest folding knife patterns still in production, the first true \"navajas\" originated in the Andalusian region of southern Spain.", "Navaja __knowledge__ In Spain, the term \"navaja\" is often used to generally describe all folding-blade knives.", "Navaja __knowledge__ The etymology of the word \"navaja\" is derived from the Latin \"novacula\", meaning \"razor\", and the Andalusian knife known as the \"navaja\" is thought to have derived from the \"navaja de afeitar\", or straight razor used for shaving.", "Navaja __knowledge__ Like the straight razor, the \"navaja's\" blade folds into the handle when not in use.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ James \"Jim\" Bowie (pronounced ) ( – March 6, 1836) was a 19th-century American pioneer, who played a prominent role in the Texas Revolution, culminating in his death at the Battle of the Alamo.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ Stories of him as a fighter and frontiersman, both real and fictitious, have made him a legendary figure in Texas history and a folk hero of American culture.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ Born in Kentucky, Bowie spent most of his life in Louisiana, where he was raised and where he later worked as a land speculator.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ His rise to fame began in 1827 on reports of the Sandbar Fight.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ What began as a duel between two other men deteriorated into a melée in which Bowie, having been shot and stabbed, killed the sheriff of Rapides Parish with a large knife.", "39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States) __knowledge__ The 39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team, formerly called the 39th Infantry Brigade (Separate) – nicknamed the Arkansas Brigade or the Bowie Team – is a infantry brigade combat team of the United States Army made up of soldiers from the Arkansas Army National Guard.", "39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States) __knowledge__ The 39th IBCT was one of fifteen National Guard brigades designated as an enhanced separate brigade.", "39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States) __knowledge__ Brigades with this designation received higher levels of training, more advanced equipment, and higher troop levels than normal National Guard brigades.", "39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States) __knowledge__ It also made these brigades a self-contained combat unit capable of intelligence, reconnaissance, maneuver, fire support, combat service support, and command and control without having to require attachments or detachments during deployments.", "Rezin Bowie __knowledge__ Rezin Pleasant Bowie (September 8, 1793 – January 17, 1841) was a planter, inventor, and mercenary.", "Rezin Bowie __knowledge__ He also served three terms in the Louisiana House of Representatives.", "Rezin Bowie __knowledge__ Bowie's surname was pronounced to rhyme with the French \"Louis\" (/ˈbuːiː/ boo-ee).", "Rezin Bowie __knowledge__ (Although some works refer to the alternate pronunciation /ˈboʊ.i/ bo-ee.", "Rezin Bowie __knowledge__ (\"v.\" James \"Jim\" Bowie) With his brother James \"Jim\" Bowie, Rezin Bowie smuggled slaves and worked as a land speculator.", "Rezin Bowie __knowledge__ The brothers set up the first steam-powered sugar mill in Louisiana.", "Rezin Bowie __knowledge__ Bowie took credit for inventing the Bowie knife, which came to prominence when used by James in the Sandbar Fight of 1827.", "Fighting knife __knowledge__ A fighting knife is a knife with a blade designed to inflict a lethal injury in a physical confrontation between two or more individuals at very short range (grappling distance).", "Fighting knife __knowledge__ The combat knife and the trench knife are examples of military fighting knives.", "Fighting knife __knowledge__ Fighting knives were traditionally designed as special-purpose weapons, intended primarily if not solely for use in personal or hand-to-hand combat.", "Fighting knife __knowledge__ This singularity of purpose originally distinguished the fighting knife from the field knife, fighting utility knife, or in modern usage, the tactical knife.", "Fighting knife __knowledge__ The tactical knife is a knife with one or more military features designed for use in extreme situations, which may or may not include a design capability as a fighting or combat weapon.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes for \"Deadliest Warrior\".", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ \"Deadliest Warrior\" premiered on April 7, 2009 at 10 pm ET.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Nine one-hour episodes of the show were produced for Season 1.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Season 1 was released on DVD and Blu-ray on May 11, 2010.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Apache team: Alan Tafoya (World Champion Knife Fighter), Snake Blocker (U.S. Army Combat Instructor) Apache weapons: Tomahawk, Knife, Bow & Arrow, War Club Apache armor: Rawhide Shield Apache statistics: \"Height:\" 5 feet, 7 inches \"Weight:\" 140 lbs \"Gear Weight:\" 10 pounds Gladiator team: Chris Torres (Ancient Weapons Specialist), Steven Dietrich (Gladiator Combat Instructor), Chuck Liddell (The Iceman) Gladiator weapons: Cestus, Scissor, Trident & Net, Sling, Sica Gladiator armor: Murmillo Helmet, Wooden Shield Gladiator statistics: \"Height:\" 5 feet, 8 inches \"Weight\": 185 lbs \"Gear Weight\": Ranges from 10 lbs to 38 lbs Reenactment 1 The Apache is seen walking in a grassy field." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ A Bowie knife ( , ) is a pattern of fixed-blade fighting knife created by James Black in the early 19th century for Jim Bowie, who had become famous for his use of a large knife at a duel known as the Sandbar Fight.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ Since the first incarnation, the Bowie knife has come to incorporate several recognizable and characteristic design features, although in common usage the term refers to any large sheath knife with a crossguard and a clip point.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The knife pattern is still popular with collectors; in addition to various knife manufacturing companies there are hundreds of custom knife makers producing Bowies and variations.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The early history of the Bowie knife is complicated by murky definitions, limited supporting documentation and conflicting claims.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The historical Bowie knife was not a single design, but was a series of knives improved several times by Jim Bowie over the years.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The earliest such knife, made by Jesse Clift at Bowie's brother's request resembled Spanish hunting knives of the day, and differed little from a common butcher knife.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ The blade, as later described by Rezin Bowie, was long, thick and wide.", "Bowie knife __knowledge__ It was straight-backed, described by witnesses as \"a large butcher knife\", and having no clip-point nor any handguard, with a simple riveted wood scale handle.", "Artificial neural network __knowledge__ Artificial neural networks (ANNs) or connectionist systems are computing systems inspired by the biological neural networks that constitute animal brains.", "Artificial neural network __knowledge__ Such systems learn (progressively improve performance on) tasks by considering examples, generally without task-specific programming.", "Artificial neural network __knowledge__ For example, in image recognition, they might learn to identify images that contain cats by analyzing example images that have been manually labeled as \"cat\" or \"no cat\" and using the results to identify cats in other images.", "Artificial neural network __knowledge__ They do this without any a priori knowledge about cats, e.g., that they have fur, tails, whiskers and cat-like faces.", "Bulletproof vest __knowledge__ A ballistic vest or bullet-resistant vest, often called a bulletproof vest, is an item of personal armor that helps absorb the impact and reduce or stop penetration to the body from firearm-fired projectiles- and shrapnel from explosions, and is worn on the torso.", "Bulletproof vest __knowledge__ Soft vests are made of many layers of woven or laminated fibers and can protect the wearer from small-caliber handgun and shotgun projectiles, and small fragments from explosives such as hand grenades.", "Bulletproof vest __knowledge__ These vests often have a ballistic plate inserted into the vest.", "Bulletproof vest __knowledge__ Metal or ceramic plates can be used with a soft vest, providing additional protection against rifle rounds, and metallic components or tightly woven fiber layers can give soft armour resistance to stab and slash attacks from knives and similar close-quarter weapons.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Ice drilling __knowledge__ Ice drilling allows scientists studying glaciers and ice sheets to gain access to what is beneath the ice, to take measurements in the interior of the ice, or to retrieve samples.", "Ice drilling __knowledge__ Instruments can be placed in the drilled holes to record temperature, pressure, or for other scientific research, such as to measurement the speed and direction of movement of the ice, or for neutrino detection.", "Ice drilling __knowledge__ Many different methods have been used since 1840, when the first scientific ice drilling expedition attempted to drill through the Unteraargletscher in the Alps.", "Ice drilling __knowledge__ Two early methods were percussion, in which the ice is fractured and pulverized, and rotary drilling, a method often used in mineral exploration for rock drilling.", "Opportunity mission timeline __knowledge__ Opportunity, MER-B (Mars Exploration Rover – B), is a robotic rover active on the planet Mars since 2004.", "Opportunity mission timeline __knowledge__ Launched on July 7, 2003, \"Opportunity\" landed on Mars' Meridiani Planum on January 25, 2004 at 05:05 Ground UTC (about 13:15 Mars local time), three weeks after its twin \"Spirit\" (MER-A), also part of NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Mission, touched down on the other side of the planet.", "Opportunity mission timeline __knowledge__ While \"Spirit\" became immobile in 2009 and ceased communications in 2010, \"Opportunity\" remains active as of December 11th, 2017, having already exceeded its planned 90 sol (Martian days) duration of activity by (in Earth time).", "Japanese swordsmithing __knowledge__ Japanese swordsmithing is the labour-intensive bladesmithing process developed in Japan for forging traditionally made bladed weapons (nihonto) including katana, wakizashi, tantō, yari, naginata, nagamaki, tachi, uchigatana, nodachi, ōdachi, kodachi, and ya (arrow).", "Japanese swordsmithing __knowledge__ Japanese sword blades were often forged with different profiles, different blade thicknesses, and varying amounts of grind.", "Japanese swordsmithing __knowledge__ Wakizashi and tantō were not simply scaled-down katana; they were often forged without ridge (\"hira-zukuri\") or other such forms which were very rare on katana.", "Japanese swordsmithing __knowledge__ The steel used is known as , or \"jewel steel\" (\"tama\" - ball or jewel, \"hagane\" - steel).", "Convolutional neural network __knowledge__ In machine learning, a convolutional neural network (CNN, or ConvNet) is a class of deep, feed-forward artificial neural networks that has successfully been applied to analyzing visual imagery.", "Convolutional neural network __knowledge__ CNNs use a variation of multilayer perceptrons designed to require minimal preprocessing.", "Convolutional neural network __knowledge__ They are also known as shift invariant or space invariant artificial neural networks (SIANN), based on their shared-weights architecture and translation invariance characteristics.", "Convolutional neural network __knowledge__ Convolutional networks were inspired by biological processes in which the connectivity pattern between neurons is inspired by the organization of the animal visual cortex.", "David Bowie __knowledge__ David Robert Jones (8 January 1947 – 10 January 2016), known professionally as David Bowie (), was an English singer, songwriter and actor.", "David Bowie __knowledge__ He was a leading figure in popular music for over five decades, acclaimed by critics and other musicians for his innovative work.", "David Bowie __knowledge__ His career was marked by reinvention and visual presentation, his music and stagecraft significantly influencing popular music.", "David Bowie __knowledge__ During his lifetime, his record sales, estimated at 140 million albums worldwide, made him one of the world's best-selling music artists.", "David Bowie __knowledge__ In the UK, he was awarded nine platinum album certifications, eleven gold and eight silver, releasing eleven number-one albums.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ James \"Jim\" Bowie (pronounced ) ( – March 6, 1836) was a 19th-century American pioneer, who played a prominent role in the Texas Revolution, culminating in his death at the Battle of the Alamo.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ Stories of him as a fighter and frontiersman, both real and fictitious, have made him a legendary figure in Texas history and a folk hero of American culture.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ Born in Kentucky, Bowie spent most of his life in Louisiana, where he was raised and where he later worked as a land speculator.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ His rise to fame began in 1827 on reports of the Sandbar Fight.", "James Bowie __knowledge__ What began as a duel between two other men deteriorated into a melée in which Bowie, having been shot and stabbed, killed the sheriff of Rapides Parish with a large knife.", "Death of David Bowie __knowledge__ On 10 January 2016, English singer, songwriter and actor David Bowie died at his New York City apartment, having suffered from liver cancer for the previous 18 months.", "Death of David Bowie __knowledge__ His death occurred two days after the release of his twenty-fifth studio album, \"Blackstar\", which coincided with his 69th birthday.", "Death of David Bowie __knowledge__ Fans and friends alike were surprised by the news as Bowie had kept his illness private.", "Death of David Bowie __knowledge__ Makeshift memorials were created in London, New York City, Berlin, and other cities in which Bowie had lived; sales of his albums and singles saw a significant increase.", "Death of David Bowie __knowledge__ Many commentators noted Bowie's impact on music, fashion and culture and wrote of his status as one of the most influential musical artists of all time, while numerous musicians and public figures also expressed their grief.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "Glass Spider Tour __knowledge__ The Glass Spider Tour was a 1987 worldwide concert tour by David Bowie, launched in support of his album \"Never Let Me Down\".", "Glass Spider Tour __knowledge__ It began in May 1987 and was preceded by a two-week press tour that saw Bowie visit nine countries throughout Europe and North America to drum up public interest in the tour.", "Glass Spider Tour __knowledge__ The Glass Spider Tour was the first Bowie tour to visit Austria, Italy, Spain, Ireland and Wales.", "Glass Spider Tour __knowledge__ Through a sponsorship from Pepsi, the tour was intended to visit Russia and South America as well, but these plans were later cancelled.", "Glass Spider Tour __knowledge__ The tour was, at that point, the longest and most expensive tour Bowie had embarked upon in his career.", "Outside (David Bowie album) __knowledge__ 1.", "Outside (David Bowie album) __knowledge__ Outside (commonly referred to as Outside) is a concept album first released 25 September 1995 by David Bowie on Virgin Records, and Bowie's 19th studio album.", "Outside (David Bowie album) __knowledge__ The album was Bowie's reunion with Brian Eno, whom Bowie had worked with, among the others, on his Berlin Trilogy in the 1970s.", "Outside (David Bowie album) __knowledge__ Subtitled \"The Nathan Adler Diaries: A Hyper-cycle\", \"Outside\" centres on the characters of a dystopian world on the eve of the 21st century.", "Outside (David Bowie album) __knowledge__ The album put Bowie back into the mainstream scene of rock music with its singles \"The Hearts Filthy Lesson\", \"Strangers When We Meet\", and \"Hallo Spaceboy\" (remixed by the Pet Shop Boys)." ] ]

[ 1, 6, 1, 1 ]

[ "Bowie Knife is a fighting knife created by James Black", "The Bowie Knife resembles Spanish hunting knifes ", "That is true.Bowie Knifes was created in the 19th century", "True. the first knife was made for a Sandbar fight " ]

[ "Bowie knife", "Bowie knife", "Bowie knife", "Bowie knife" ]

[ "Kiss\nI have never kissed a women before, have you?", "Maybe but I just wanna found out more on how to, so when the time comes I wont mess it up.", "I from America, what does kissing mean to you?", "I bet there all types of songs with the word kissing in it." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kiss __knowledge__ A kiss is the touch or pressing of one's lips against another person or an object.", "Kiss __knowledge__ Cultural connotations of kissing vary widely.", "Kiss __knowledge__ Depending on the culture and context, a kiss can express sentiments of love, passion, romance, sexual attraction, sexual activity, sexual arousal, affection, respect, greeting, friendship, peace, and good luck, among many others.", "Kiss __knowledge__ In some situations, a kiss is a ritual, formal or symbolic gesture indicating devotion, respect, or sacrament.", "Kiss __knowledge__ The word came from Old English \"cyssan\" (\"to kiss\"), in turn from \"coss\" (\"a kiss\").", "Kiss __knowledge__ Anthropologists are divided into two schools on the origins of kissing, one believing that it is instinctual and intuitive and the other that it evolved from what is known as \"kiss feeding\", a process used by mothers to feed their infants by passing chewed food to their babies' mouths.", "Kiss __knowledge__ Cesare Lombroso, Italian criminologist, physician and founder of the Italian School of Positivist Criminology, supported this idea.", "Kiss __knowledge__ The earliest reference to kissing-like behavior comes from the Vedas, Sanskrit scriptures that informed Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism, around 3,500 years ago, according to Vaughn Bryant, an anthropologist at Texas A&M University who specializes in the history of the kiss.", "You Make It Feel Like Christmas __knowledge__ You Make It Feel Like Christmas is the fourth studio album by American singer-songwriter Gwen Stefani.", "You Make It Feel Like Christmas __knowledge__ The album, which is Stefani's first full-length Christmas-themed album, was released on October 6, 2017, by Interscope Records.", "You Make It Feel Like Christmas __knowledge__ \"You Make It Feel Like Christmas\" consists of twelve tracks, featuring six co-penned original songs and six cover versions of Christmas standards.", "You Make It Feel Like Christmas __knowledge__ The album was produced by Eric Valentine and executively produced by Stefani and busbee.", "You Make It Feel Like Christmas __knowledge__ Information regarding supposed song titles were leaked in August 2017, leading the public to believe she was recording a holiday album.", "Never Kissed Goodnight __knowledge__ Never Kissed Goodnight: A Leigh Koslow Mystery is a crime novel by the American writer Edie Claire set in contemporary Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "Never Kissed Goodnight __knowledge__ It tells the story of advertising copywriter Leigh Koslow, whose cousin Cara's father abandoned her when she was a baby.", "Never Kissed Goodnight __knowledge__ Koslow seeks to find out why.", "Never Kissed Goodnight __knowledge__ The novel is the fourth in a series of five Leigh Koslow mysteries.", "Never Kissed Goodnight __knowledge__ \"Edie Claire is a bright new mystery writer of outstanding gayness.", "Never Kissed Goodnight __knowledge__ The fast-paced story line retains a serious tone with humorous interludes to ease the tension and turn the sleuthing relatives into real people.", "Never Kissed Goodnight __knowledge__ A winning amateur sleuth tale that showcases a new talent.", "Bless the Bride __knowledge__ Bless the Bride is a musical with music by Vivian Ellis and a book and lyrics by A. P. Herbert, the third of five musicals they wrote together.", "Bless the Bride __knowledge__ The story is about an English girl who elopes with a debonair French actor; he goes off to serve in the Franco-Prussian War, and his friend, who bears a grudge against the English, tells his bride that he has been killed in action.", "Bless the Bride __knowledge__ The musical is remembered as Ellis's best work and for the recordings of \"This is my lovely day\" and \"I was never kissed before\", with Lizbeth Webb and Georges Guétary.", "Bless the Bride __knowledge__ The musical was Charles B. Cochran's 125th production.", "Bless the Bride __knowledge__ Cochran had signed 19-year-old Adele Leigh as the lead, but the next day the new Royal Opera offered her principal roles.", "Lena Kundera and Bianca Montgomery __knowledge__ Lena Kundera and Bianca Montgomery are fictional characters from the American daytime drama \"All My Children\".", "Lena Kundera and Bianca Montgomery __knowledge__ Commonly referred to by the portmanteau \"Lianca\" (for Lena and Bianca), they were the first lesbian couple on an American soap opera.", "Lena Kundera and Bianca Montgomery __knowledge__ Lena was portrayed by Olga Sosnovska, and Bianca was portrayed by Eden Riegel.", "Lena Kundera and Bianca Montgomery __knowledge__ Lena and Bianca's romance \"quickly became a hit with viewers\" and regularly surpassed older more established heterosexual couples for the #1 spot on Internet and soap opera magazine readers' polls.", "Lena Kundera and Bianca Montgomery __knowledge__ The characters are the first to share a same-sex kiss in American soap opera history.", "I Kissed a Girl __knowledge__ \"I Kissed a Girl\" is a song recorded by American singer Katy Perry for her second studio album, \"One of the Boys\" (2008).", "I Kissed a Girl __knowledge__ It was released on April 28, 2008, by Capitol Records as the lead single from the record.", "I Kissed a Girl __knowledge__ Perry co-wrote the song with its producers Dr. Luke and Benny Blanco, with additional songwriting provided by Max Martin and Cathy Dennis.", "I Kissed a Girl __knowledge__ \"I Kissed a Girl\" is a pop rock song with elements of new wave.", "I Kissed a Girl __knowledge__ Perry stated its lyrics are \"about the magical beauty of a woman\".", "I Kissed a Girl __knowledge__ The song sparked controversy for its homosexual themes.", "I Kissed a Girl __knowledge__ The song topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for seven consecutive weeks, becoming the 1,000th number-one song of the rock era.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kiss __knowledge__ A kiss is the touch or pressing of one's lips against another person or an object.", "Kiss __knowledge__ Cultural connotations of kissing vary widely.", "Kiss __knowledge__ Depending on the culture and context, a kiss can express sentiments of love, passion, romance, sexual attraction, sexual activity, sexual arousal, affection, respect, greeting, friendship, peace, and good luck, among many others.", "Kiss __knowledge__ In some situations, a kiss is a ritual, formal or symbolic gesture indicating devotion, respect, or sacrament.", "Kiss __knowledge__ The word came from Old English \"cyssan\" (\"to kiss\"), in turn from \"coss\" (\"a kiss\").", "Kiss __knowledge__ Anthropologists are divided into two schools on the origins of kissing, one believing that it is instinctual and intuitive and the other that it evolved from what is known as \"kiss feeding\", a process used by mothers to feed their infants by passing chewed food to their babies' mouths.", "Kiss __knowledge__ Cesare Lombroso, Italian criminologist, physician and founder of the Italian School of Positivist Criminology, supported this idea.", "Kiss __knowledge__ The earliest reference to kissing-like behavior comes from the Vedas, Sanskrit scriptures that informed Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism, around 3,500 years ago, according to Vaughn Bryant, an anthropologist at Texas A&M University who specializes in the history of the kiss.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ The vocabulary of ancient Roman religion was highly specialized.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ Its study affords important information about the religion, traditions and beliefs of the ancient Romans.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This legacy is conspicuous in European cultural history in its influence on later juridical and religious vocabulary in Europe, particularly of the Western Church.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This glossary provides explanations of concepts as they were expressed in Latin pertaining to religious practices and beliefs, with links to articles on major topics such as priesthoods, forms of divination, and rituals.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ For theonyms, or the names and epithets of gods, see List of Roman deities.", "Augur __knowledge__ The augur was a priest and official in the classical Roman world.", "Augur __knowledge__ His main role was the practice of augury - interpreting the will of the gods by studying the flight of birds: whether they were flying in groups or alone, what noises they made as they flew, direction of flight and what kind of birds they were.", "Augur __knowledge__ This was known as \"taking the auspices\".", "Augur __knowledge__ The ceremony and function of the augur was central to any major undertaking in Roman society—public or private—including matters of war, commerce, and religion.", "Augur __knowledge__ The Roman historian Livy stressed the importance of the augurs: \"Who does not know that this city was founded only after taking the auspices, that everything in war and in peace, at home and abroad, was done only after taking the auspices?\"", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ \"Srugim\", is an Israeli television drama which originally aired on Yes TV between 2008 and 2012.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ It was directed by Laizy Shapiro, who co-created it with Hava Divon.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ The series contains five main characters played by Ohad Knoller, Amos Tamam, Ya'el Sharoni, Tali Sharon, Sharon Fauster, and Uri Lachmi.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ Portrayed by Ohad Knoller.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ His father is Gershon, he has a younger brother Roi, and two sisters, Hani and Atara.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ Nati is a Surgical intern at Hadassah Medical Center, originally from Ra'anana.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ During season 1 Nati turns 31.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ Went to Bnei Akiva seminary with Yifat.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ He is allergic to Eggplant.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ His only travel has been to China and India.", "Statute of Labourers 1351 __knowledge__ The Statute of Labourers was a law created by the English parliament under King Edward III in 1351 in response to a labour shortage, designed to suppress the labour force by prohibiting increases in wages and prohibiting the movement of workers from their home areas in search of improved conditions.", "Statute of Labourers 1351 __knowledge__ It was poorly enforced and did not stop the rise in wages.", "Statute of Labourers 1351 __knowledge__ The Black Death or Bubonic Plague, which killed more than one-third of the population of Europe, killed 30%−50% of the population in Britain, caused a dramatic decrease in the supply of labour.", "Statute of Labourers 1351 __knowledge__ Lords suddenly faced a sharp increase in competition for workers to work for them.", "Tomb of the Augurs __knowledge__ The Tomb of the Augurs (Italian \"Tomba degli Àuguri\") is an Etruscan burial chamber so called for by a misinterpretation of one of the fresco figures on the right wall who was thought to be a Roman priest known as an augur.", "Tomb of the Augurs __knowledge__ The tomb is located within the Necropolis of Monterozzi and dates to around 530-520 BC.", "Tomb of the Augurs __knowledge__ This tomb is one of the first tombs in Tarquinia to have figural decoration on all four walls of its main or only chamber.", "Tomb of the Augurs __knowledge__ This tomb is also the first time a theme not of mythology, but instead depictions of Etruscan funerary rites and funerary games are seen.", "Tomb of the Augurs __knowledge__ The chamber is decorated with a figurative frieze on all four walls.", "Mess dress __knowledge__ Mess dress is the military term for the formal evening dress worn by military officers in the mess or at other formal occasions.", "Mess dress __knowledge__ It is also known as mess uniform and, more informally, as mess kit.", "Mess dress __knowledge__ It frequently consists of a mess jacket and trousers worn with a formal shirt and other formal accessories, though the exact form varies depending on the uniform regulations for each service.", "Mess dress __knowledge__ Prior to World War II this style of military dress was largely restricted to the British, British Empire and United States armed forces; although the French, Imperial German, Swedish and other navies had adopted their own versions of mess dress during the late nineteenth century, influenced by the Royal Navy.", "H. H. Asquith __knowledge__ Herbert Henry Asquith, 1st Earl of Oxford and Asquith, (12 September 1852 – 15 February 1928), generally known as H. H. Asquith, was a British statesman of the Liberal Party who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1908 to 1916.", "H. H. Asquith __knowledge__ He was the last Prime Minister to lead a majority Liberal government and played a central role in the design and passage of major liberal legislation.", "H. H. Asquith __knowledge__ In August 1914, Asquith took the United Kingdom into the First World War, but resigned amid political conflict in December 1916 and was succeeded by his War Secretary, David Lloyd George.", "H. H. Asquith __knowledge__ Asquith's father owned a small business but died when Asquith was seven.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Job interview __knowledge__ A job interview is a one-on-one interview consisting of a conversation between a job applicant and a representative of an employer which is conducted to assess whether the applicant should be hired.", "Job interview __knowledge__ Interviews are one of the most popularly used devices for employee selection.", "Job interview __knowledge__ Interviews vary in the extent to which the questions are structured, from a totally unstructured and free-wheeling conversation, to a structured interview in which an applicant is asked a predetermined list of questions in a specified order; structured interviews are usually more accurate predictors of which applicants will make good employees, according to research studies.", "Sonia Sotomayor Supreme Court nomination __knowledge__ On May 26, 2009, President Barack Obama announced his selection of Judge Sonia Sotomayor for Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, to replace retiring Justice David Souter.", "Sonia Sotomayor Supreme Court nomination __knowledge__ Sotomayor's nomination was submitted to the United States Senate on June 1, 2009, when the 111th Congress reconvened after its Memorial Day recess.", "Sonia Sotomayor Supreme Court nomination __knowledge__ Sotomayor was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on August 6, 2009 by a 68–31 vote and was commissioned by President Obama the same day.", "Sonia Sotomayor Supreme Court nomination __knowledge__ She was sworn in by Chief Justice John Roberts on August 8, 2009.", "Sonia Sotomayor Supreme Court nomination __knowledge__ When nominated, Sotomayor was a sitting judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, to which she had been appointed by Bill Clinton.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 2017, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ All characters are introduced by the show's executive producer Sean O'Connor or, from 27 November, his successor as executive consultant, John Yorke.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The first character to be introduced was Keegan Baker (Zack Morris), a friend of Shakil Kazemi (Shaheen Jafargholi), followed by Emerald Fox (Doña Croll), the mother of Denise Fox (Diane Parish) and Kim Fox-Hubbard (Tameka Empson).", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ Madison Drake (Seraphina Beh), Alexandra D'Costa (Sydney Craven) and Travis Law-Hughes (Alex James-Phelps), three new teenage characters, were also introduced in January as well as their school teacher Mr Gethin Pryce (Cerith Flinn) and Hugo Browning (Simon Williams), the chairman of Weyland & Co.", "Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories __knowledge__ During Barack Obama's campaign for president in 2008, throughout his presidency, and afterwards, a number of conspiracy theories were circulated, falsely asserting that Obama was ineligible to be President of the United States on the basis that he was not a natural-born citizen of the United States within the requirement of .", "Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories __knowledge__ Theories alleged that Obama's published birth certificate was a forgery—that his actual birthplace was not Hawaii but Kenya.", "Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories __knowledge__ Other theories alleged that Obama became a citizen of Indonesia in childhood, thereby losing his U.S. citizenship.", "Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories __knowledge__ Still others claimed that Obama was not a natural-born U.S. citizen because he was born a dual citizen (British and American)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kiss __knowledge__ A kiss is the touch or pressing of one's lips against another person or an object.", "Kiss __knowledge__ Cultural connotations of kissing vary widely.", "Kiss __knowledge__ Depending on the culture and context, a kiss can express sentiments of love, passion, romance, sexual attraction, sexual activity, sexual arousal, affection, respect, greeting, friendship, peace, and good luck, among many others.", "Kiss __knowledge__ In some situations, a kiss is a ritual, formal or symbolic gesture indicating devotion, respect, or sacrament.", "Kiss __knowledge__ The word came from Old English \"cyssan\" (\"to kiss\"), in turn from \"coss\" (\"a kiss\").", "Kiss __knowledge__ Anthropologists are divided into two schools on the origins of kissing, one believing that it is instinctual and intuitive and the other that it evolved from what is known as \"kiss feeding\", a process used by mothers to feed their infants by passing chewed food to their babies' mouths.", "Kiss __knowledge__ Cesare Lombroso, Italian criminologist, physician and founder of the Italian School of Positivist Criminology, supported this idea.", "Kiss __knowledge__ The earliest reference to kissing-like behavior comes from the Vedas, Sanskrit scriptures that informed Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism, around 3,500 years ago, according to Vaughn Bryant, an anthropologist at Texas A&M University who specializes in the history of the kiss.", "BSA Rocket 3/Triumph Trident __knowledge__ The Triumph Trident (or BSA Rocket 3) was a technically advanced, high-performance roadster (or standard) motorcycle made by Triumph Engineering and Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA) from 1968 to 1975, and sold under both the Triumph and BSA marques.", "BSA Rocket 3/Triumph Trident __knowledge__ Alongside the Honda CB750, and later the Kawasaki triples, it brought a new level of sophistication to street motorcycles, marking the beginning superbike era.", "BSA Rocket 3/Triumph Trident __knowledge__ The Honda CB750 overshadowed the Trident to be remembered as the 'first superbike', in spite of the Triumph Trident actually debuting before the Honda by a few weeks.", "BSA Rocket 3/Triumph Trident __knowledge__ It had a air-cooled OHV unit construction straight-three engine, with four gears and a conventional chassis and suspension.", "Cheek kissing __knowledge__ Cheek kissing is a ritual or social kissing gesture to indicate friendship, family relationship, perform a greeting, to confer congratulations, to comfort someone, to show respect, or to indicate sexual or romantic interest.", "Cheek kissing __knowledge__ Cheek kissing is very common in Southern, Central and Eastern Europe, the Mediterranean, the Middle East, the Horn of Africa and Latin America.", "Cheek kissing __knowledge__ In other countries including the U.S. and Japan, cheek kissing is common as well at an international meeting between heads of state and First Ladies or members of royal and the Imperial families.", "Cheek kissing __knowledge__ Depending on the local culture, cheek kissing may be considered appropriate among family members as well as friends and acquaintances: a man and a woman, two women, or two men.", "Triumph Trident __knowledge__ The Triumph Trident is a three-cylinder motorcycle of either 750 cc or 900 cc capacity.", "Triumph Trident __knowledge__ These bikes were produced from 1990 onwards at Hinckley, Leicestershire, England, by Triumph Motorcycles Ltd, the successor business to the defunct Triumph Engineering at Meriden Works, Warwickshire, England.", "Triumph Trident __knowledge__ A range of new 750 cc and 900 cc triple-cylinder bikes (and 1000 cc and 1200 cc four-cylinder bikes) were launched at the September 1990 Cologne Motorcycle Show.", "Triumph Trident __knowledge__ The motorcycles used famous model names from the glory days of Meriden Triumph and were first made available to the public between March (Trophy 1200 being the first) and September 1991.", "Kissing Point Fortification __knowledge__ Kissing Point Fortification is a heritage-listed fortification at 38-40 Howitt Street, North Ward, City of Townsville, Queensland, Australia.", "Kissing Point Fortification __knowledge__ It was designed by Peter Scratchley and Major Edward Druitt and built from 1891 by A McMillan (Govt Foreman of Works c1890) and then from 1939 to 1941.", "Kissing Point Fortification __knowledge__ It is also known as Jezzine Barracks.", "Kissing Point Fortification __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 5 February 2010.", "Kissing Point Fortification __knowledge__ It is now the home of the Army Museum of North Queensland.", "Kissing Point Fortification __knowledge__ The fortification at Kissing Point occupies part of a rocky headland separating Cleveland Bay and Rowes Bay at the northern end of The Strand in Townsville; while the Jezzine Barracks complex extends approximately ten hectares to its south-west.", "Kissing traditions __knowledge__ Many societies have traditions which involve kissing.", "Kissing traditions __knowledge__ Kissing can indicate joy or be used as part of a greeting.", "Kissing traditions __knowledge__ Kissing involves the touching of one's lips to the lips or other body part, such as the cheek, head, hand, of another person.", "Kissing traditions __knowledge__ In the Western world, a kiss is a common gesture of greeting, and at times a kiss is expected.", "Kissing traditions __knowledge__ Throughout all cultures people greet one another as a sign of recognition, affection, friendship and reverence.", "Kissing traditions __knowledge__ Depending on the occasion and the culture, a greeting may take the form of a handshake, hug, bow, nod, nose rub, a kiss on the lips with the mouth closed, or a kiss or kisses on the cheek.", "Kissing You (Des'ree song) __knowledge__ \"Kissing You\" (or \"I'm Kissing You\") is a song by British singer Des'ree.", "Kissing You (Des'ree song) __knowledge__ It was written by the singer with Timothy Atack for Baz Luhrmann's 1996 film \"Romeo + Juliet\".", "Kissing You (Des'ree song) __knowledge__ The song was included on the film's soundtrack album and Des'ree's third studio album, \"Supernatural\" (1998).", "Kissing You (Des'ree song) __knowledge__ A pop ballad set in the key of A minor, the record uses a simple instrumentation consisting only of piano and string instruments.", "Kissing You (Des'ree song) __knowledge__ \"Kissing You\" featured in \"Romeo + Juliet\" when the title characters meet at a ball.", "Kissing You (Des'ree song) __knowledge__ The song was well received by critics for its emotional melody and toned-down production.", "Kissing You (Des'ree song) __knowledge__ First released as a single in Australia on 24 February 1997, it appeared on the ARIA Singles Chart and the UK Singles Chart.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The Nicomachean Ethics (; Greek: Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια) is the name normally given to Aristotle's best-known work on ethics.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The work, which plays a pre-eminent role in defining Aristotelian ethics, consists of ten books, originally separate scrolls, and is understood to be based on notes from his lectures at the Lyceum.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The title is often assumed to refer to his son Nicomachus, to whom the work was dedicated or who may have edited it (although his young age makes this less likely).", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ Alternatively, the work may have been dedicated to his father, who was also called Nicomachus.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, of how men should best live.", "Kabaka Oba __knowledge__ Michael Bailey, better known as Kabaka Oba (; February 9, 1958April 15, 2006), was an American civil rights activist and public transportation worker who was fatally shot outside the city hall in Cincinnati, Ohio.", "Kabaka Oba __knowledge__ Kabaka Oba co-founded the \"Black Fist\" for the purposes of opposing police brutality.", "Kabaka Oba __knowledge__ The group had been previously known as \"The Black Special Forces.\"", "Kabaka Oba __knowledge__ Kabaka Oba had a radio show on Cincinnati local public radio station WAIF (88.3 FM) from noon - 1 p.m. on Tuesdays.", "Kabaka Oba __knowledge__ Oba, a bus driver for Southwest Ohio Regional Transit Authority, frequently addressed Cincinnati City Council with language and conduct that once caused him to be banned from addressing City Council for 60 days.", "Consciousness __knowledge__ Consciousness is the state or quality of awareness, or, of being aware of an external object or something within oneself.", "Consciousness __knowledge__ It has been defined variously in terms of sentience, awareness, qualia, subjectivity, the ability to experience or to feel, wakefulness, having a sense of selfhood or soul, the fact that there is something \"that it is like\" to \"have\" or \"be\" it, and the executive control system of the mind.", "Consciousness __knowledge__ In contemporary philosophy its definition is often hinted at via the logical possibility of its absence, the philosophical zombie, which is defined as a being whose behavior and function are identical to one's own yet there is \"no-one in there\" experiencing it.", "Falun Gong __knowledge__ Falun Gong (, ) or Falun Dafa (Standard Mandarin Chinese: ; literally, \"Dharma Wheel Practice\" or \"Law Wheel Practice\") is a modern Chinese spiritual practice that combines meditation and qigong exercises with a moral philosophy centered on the tenets of truthfulness, compassion, and ().", "Falun Gong __knowledge__ The practice emphasizes morality and the cultivation of virtue, and identifies as a qigong practice of the Buddhist school, though its teachings also incorporate elements drawn from Taoist traditions.", "Falun Gong __knowledge__ Through moral rectitude and the practice of meditation, practitioners of Falun Gong aspire to eliminate attachments, and ultimately to achieve spiritual enlightenment.", "Nonverbal communication __knowledge__ Nonverbal communication (NVC) between people is communication through sending and receiving wordless clues.", "Nonverbal communication __knowledge__ It includes the use of visual cues such as body language (kinesics), distance (proxemics) and physical environments/appearance, of voice (paralanguage) and of touch (haptics).", "Nonverbal communication __knowledge__ It can also include chronemics (the use of time) and oculesics (eye contact and the actions of looking while talking and listening, frequency of glances, patterns of fixation, pupil dilation, and blink rate).", "Nonverbal communication __knowledge__ Just as speech contains nonverbal elements known as paralanguage, including voice quality, rate, pitch, volume, and speaking style, as well as prosodic features such as rhythm, intonation, and stress, so written texts have nonverbal elements such as handwriting style, spatial arrangement of words, or the physical layout of a page.", "Jack Halberstam __knowledge__ Jack Halberstam (born December 15, 1961), also known as Judith Halberstam, is Professor of American Studies and Ethnicity, Gender Studies, and Comparative Literature, as well as serving as the Director of The Center for Feminist Research at University of Southern California (USC).", "Jack Halberstam __knowledge__ Halberstam was the Associate Professor in the Department of Literature at the University of California at San Diego before working at USC.", "Jack Halberstam __knowledge__ He is a gender and queer theorist and author.", "Jack Halberstam __knowledge__ Halberstam, who accepts masculine and feminine pronouns, as well as the name \"Judith,\" with regard to his gender identity, focuses on the topic of tomboys and female masculinity for his writings." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kiss __knowledge__ A kiss is the touch or pressing of one's lips against another person or an object.", "Kiss __knowledge__ Cultural connotations of kissing vary widely.", "Kiss __knowledge__ Depending on the culture and context, a kiss can express sentiments of love, passion, romance, sexual attraction, sexual activity, sexual arousal, affection, respect, greeting, friendship, peace, and good luck, among many others.", "Kiss __knowledge__ In some situations, a kiss is a ritual, formal or symbolic gesture indicating devotion, respect, or sacrament.", "Kiss __knowledge__ The word came from Old English \"cyssan\" (\"to kiss\"), in turn from \"coss\" (\"a kiss\").", "Kiss __knowledge__ Anthropologists are divided into two schools on the origins of kissing, one believing that it is instinctual and intuitive and the other that it evolved from what is known as \"kiss feeding\", a process used by mothers to feed their infants by passing chewed food to their babies' mouths.", "Kiss __knowledge__ Cesare Lombroso, Italian criminologist, physician and founder of the Italian School of Positivist Criminology, supported this idea.", "Kiss __knowledge__ The earliest reference to kissing-like behavior comes from the Vedas, Sanskrit scriptures that informed Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism, around 3,500 years ago, according to Vaughn Bryant, an anthropologist at Texas A&M University who specializes in the history of the kiss.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ In the game of poker, the play largely centers on the act of betting, and as such, a protocol has been developed to speed up play, lessen confusion, and increase security while playing.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ Different games are played using different types of bets, and small variations in etiquette exist between cardrooms, but for the most part the following rules and protocol are observed by the majority of poker players.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ Players in a poker game act in turn, in clockwise rotation (acting out of turn can negatively affect other players).", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ When it is a player's turn to act, the first verbal declaration or action they take binds them to their choice of action; this rule prevents a player from changing their action after seeing how other players react to their initial, verbal action.", "Roulette __knowledge__ Roulette is a casino game named after the French word meaning \"little wheel\".", "Roulette __knowledge__ In the game, players may choose to place bets on either a single number, various groupings of numbers, the colors red or black, whether the number is odd or even, or if the numbers are high (19–36) or low (1–18).", "Roulette __knowledge__ Interestingly, the sum of all the numbers on the roulette wheel (from 0 to 36) is 666, which is the \"Number of the Beast\".", "Roulette __knowledge__ One legend says that François Blanc made a deal with the devil to obtain the secrets of roulette.", "Roulette __knowledge__ To determine the winning number and color, a croupier spins a wheel in one direction, then spins a ball in the opposite direction around a tilted circular track running around the circumference of the wheel.", "Kissing Point Fortification __knowledge__ Kissing Point Fortification is a heritage-listed fortification at 38-40 Howitt Street, North Ward, City of Townsville, Queensland, Australia.", "Kissing Point Fortification __knowledge__ It was designed by Peter Scratchley and Major Edward Druitt and built from 1891 by A McMillan (Govt Foreman of Works c1890) and then from 1939 to 1941.", "Kissing Point Fortification __knowledge__ It is also known as Jezzine Barracks.", "Kissing Point Fortification __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 5 February 2010.", "Kissing Point Fortification __knowledge__ It is now the home of the Army Museum of North Queensland.", "Kissing Point Fortification __knowledge__ The fortification at Kissing Point occupies part of a rocky headland separating Cleveland Bay and Rowes Bay at the northern end of The Strand in Townsville; while the Jezzine Barracks complex extends approximately ten hectares to its south-west.", "Cheek kissing __knowledge__ Cheek kissing is a ritual or social kissing gesture to indicate friendship, family relationship, perform a greeting, to confer congratulations, to comfort someone, to show respect, or to indicate sexual or romantic interest.", "Cheek kissing __knowledge__ Cheek kissing is very common in Southern, Central and Eastern Europe, the Mediterranean, the Middle East, the Horn of Africa and Latin America.", "Cheek kissing __knowledge__ In other countries including the U.S. and Japan, cheek kissing is common as well at an international meeting between heads of state and First Ladies or members of royal and the Imperial families.", "Cheek kissing __knowledge__ Depending on the local culture, cheek kissing may be considered appropriate among family members as well as friends and acquaintances: a man and a woman, two women, or two men.", "Kissing traditions __knowledge__ Many societies have traditions which involve kissing.", "Kissing traditions __knowledge__ Kissing can indicate joy or be used as part of a greeting.", "Kissing traditions __knowledge__ Kissing involves the touching of one's lips to the lips or other body part, such as the cheek, head, hand, of another person.", "Kissing traditions __knowledge__ In the Western world, a kiss is a common gesture of greeting, and at times a kiss is expected.", "Kissing traditions __knowledge__ Throughout all cultures people greet one another as a sign of recognition, affection, friendship and reverence.", "Kissing traditions __knowledge__ Depending on the occasion and the culture, a greeting may take the form of a handshake, hug, bow, nod, nose rub, a kiss on the lips with the mouth closed, or a kiss or kisses on the cheek.", "Kissing You (Des'ree song) __knowledge__ \"Kissing You\" (or \"I'm Kissing You\") is a song by British singer Des'ree.", "Kissing You (Des'ree song) __knowledge__ It was written by the singer with Timothy Atack for Baz Luhrmann's 1996 film \"Romeo + Juliet\".", "Kissing You (Des'ree song) __knowledge__ The song was included on the film's soundtrack album and Des'ree's third studio album, \"Supernatural\" (1998).", "Kissing You (Des'ree song) __knowledge__ A pop ballad set in the key of A minor, the record uses a simple instrumentation consisting only of piano and string instruments.", "Kissing You (Des'ree song) __knowledge__ \"Kissing You\" featured in \"Romeo + Juliet\" when the title characters meet at a ball.", "Kissing You (Des'ree song) __knowledge__ The song was well received by critics for its emotional melody and toned-down production.", "Kissing You (Des'ree song) __knowledge__ First released as a single in Australia on 24 February 1997, it appeared on the ARIA Singles Chart and the UK Singles Chart.", "Kissing number problem __knowledge__ In geometry, a kissing number is defined as the number of non-overlapping unit spheres that can be arranged such that they each touch another given unit sphere.", "Kissing number problem __knowledge__ For a lattice packing the kissing number is the same for every sphere, but for an arbitrary sphere packing the kissing number may vary from one sphere to another.", "Kissing number problem __knowledge__ Other names for kissing number that have been used are Newton number (after the originator of the problem), and contact number.", "Kissing number problem __knowledge__ In general, the kissing number problem seeks the maximum possible kissing number for \"n\"-dimensional spheres in (\"n\" + 1)-dimensional Euclidean space.", "Lyrics __knowledge__ Lyrics are words that make up a song usually consisting of verses and choruses.", "Lyrics __knowledge__ The writer of lyrics is a lyricist.", "Lyrics __knowledge__ The words to an extended musical composition such as an opera are, however, usually known as a \"libretto\" and their writer, as a \"librettist\".", "Lyrics __knowledge__ The meaning of lyrics can either be explicit or implicit.", "Lyrics __knowledge__ Some lyrics are abstract, almost unintelligible, and, in such cases, their explication emphasizes form, articulation, meter, and symmetry of expression.", "Lyrics __knowledge__ Rappers can also create lyrics (often with a variation of rhyming words) that are meant to be spoken rhythmically rather than sung." ] ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 55 ]

[ "I think that is a little to personal a question to be asking.", "Kissing means different things to different people.It all depends on what part of the world and what culture your from.", "Depends on who I am kissing. Just google \"the word kissing\" in song lyrics. You will be amazed what you find.", "There are a ton of bands with the word kiss in the band name. Like \"Kiss\". Rappers are big on using the word kiss." ]

[ "Kiss", "Kiss", "Kiss", "Kiss" ]

[ "Beard\nDo you like beards? ", "Do you have a very long beard? ", "My sons keep trying to grow beards but they are not very hairy! ", "Having a beard seems to go in and out of fashion. Right now I guess it is considered fashionable. ", "Well, to be honest, I prefer the clean-shaven look!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beard __knowledge__ A beard is the collection of hair that grows on the chin and cheeks of humans and some animals.", "Beard __knowledge__ In humans, usually only pubescent or adult males are able to grow beards.", "Beard __knowledge__ From an evolutionary viewpoint the beard is a part of the broader category of androgenic hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ It is a vestigial trait from a time when humans had hair on their face and entire body like the hair on gorillas.", "Beard __knowledge__ The evolutionary loss of hair is pronounced in some populations such as indigenous Americans and some east Asian populations, who have less facial hair, whereas people of European or South Asian ancestry and the Ainu have more facial hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ Societal attitudes toward male beards have varied widely depending on factors such as prevailing cultural-religious traditions and the current era's fashion trends.", "Beard __knowledge__ Some religions (such as Sikhism) have considered a full beard to be essential for all males able to grow one, and mandate it as part of their official dogma.", "Beard __knowledge__ Other cultures, even while not officially mandating it, view a beard as central to a man's virility, exemplifying such virtues as wisdom, strength, sexual prowess and high social status.", "Beard __knowledge__ However, in cultures where facial hair is uncommon (or currently out of fashion), beards may be associated with poor hygiene or a \"savage\", uncivilized, or even dangerous demeanor.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ Facial hair in the military has been at various times common, prohibited, or an integral part of the uniform.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ In the armed forces (and police) of India, Sikhs are allowed to wear full beards as their religion expressly requires followers to do so.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ However, they are specifically required to \"dress up their hair and beard properly\".", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ In fact, in Sikh-only units there are instances of personnel transferred out by the unit Commander for their refusal to wear beard and hair as required by Sikh religion, although no official regulation exists on this.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ Non-Sikh personnel are allowed to grow whiskers and moustaches, with the only regulation being that \"will be of moderate length\".", "Pogonophobia __knowledge__ Pogonophobia is the fear of beards.", "Pogonophobia __knowledge__ The term \"pogonophobia\" is derived from the Greek words \"pogon\" (πώγων) for beard and \"phobos\" (φόβος) for fear.", "Pogonophobia __knowledge__ Its antonym would be \"pogonophilia\", that is the love of beards or bearded persons.", "Pogonophobia __knowledge__ David Smith's 1851 publication of \"The Covenanter\" of the Reformed Presbyterian Church describes the Jesuits of Baden as suffering \"a veritable pogonophobia at the sight of a democratic chin.\"", "Pogonophobia __knowledge__ The term is generally meant to be taken in a jocular vein.", "Pogonophobia __knowledge__ In the 1920s, psychologist John B. Watson was able to condition this fear in a young boy by means of classical conditioning methods.", "Religious symbolism in the United States military __knowledge__ Religious symbolism in the United States military includes the use of religious symbols for military chaplain insignia, uniforms, emblems, flags, and chapels; symbolic gestures, actions, and words used in military rituals and ceremonies; and religious symbols or designations used in areas such as headstones and markers in national cemeteries, and military ID tags (\"dog tags\").", "Religious symbolism in the United States military __knowledge__ Symbolism sometimes includes specific images included or excluded because of religious reasons, choices involving colors with religious significance, and \"religious accommodation\" policies regarding the wear of \"religious apparel\" and \"grooming\" (such as \"unshorn\" hair and beards worn for religious reasons) with military uniforms.", "Lombards __knowledge__ The Lombards or Longobards (, , ) were a Germanic people who ruled most of the Italian Peninsula from 568 to 774.", "Lombards __knowledge__ The Lombard historian Paul the Deacon wrote in the \"Historia Langobardorum\" that the Lombards descended from a small tribe called the \"Winnili\", who dwelt in southern Scandinavia (\"Scadanan\") before migrating to seek new lands.", "Lombards __knowledge__ In the 1st century AD, they formed part of the Suebi, in northwestern Germany.", "Lombards __knowledge__ By the end of the 5th century, they had moved into the area roughly coinciding with modern Austria and Slovakia north of the Danube river, where they subdued the Heruls and later fought frequent wars with the Gepids.", "Kauffman Amish Mennonite __knowledge__ The Kauffman Amish Mennonites, also called Sleeping Preacher Churches or Tampico Amish Mennonite Churches, are a Plain, car-driving branch of the Amish Mennonites whose tradition goes back to John D. Kauffman (1847-1913) who preached while being in a state of trance and who was seen as a \"sleeping preacher\".", "Kauffman Amish Mennonite __knowledge__ In 2017 the Kauffman Amish Mennonites had some 2,000 baptized members and lived mainly in Missouri and Arkansas.", "Kauffman Amish Mennonite __knowledge__ In contrast to other Amish Mennonites they have retained their identity over the last hundred years and also largely the Pennsylvania German language and other Amish Mennonite traditions from the late 1800s.", "Sideburns __knowledge__ Sideburns, sideboards, or side whiskers are patches of facial hair grown on the sides of the face, extending from the hairline to below the ears.", "Sideburns __knowledge__ The term \"sideburns\" is a 19th-century corruption of the original \"burnsides\", named after American Civil War general Ambrose Burnside, a man known for his unusual facial hairstyle that connected thick sideburns by way of a moustache, but left the chin clean-shaven.", "Sideburns __knowledge__ Sideburns can be worn and grown in combination with other styles of facial hair, such as the moustache or goatee, but once they extend from ear to ear via the chin they cease to be sideburns and become a beard, chinstrap beard, or chin curtain." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beard __knowledge__ A beard is the collection of hair that grows on the chin and cheeks of humans and some animals.", "Beard __knowledge__ In humans, usually only pubescent or adult males are able to grow beards.", "Beard __knowledge__ From an evolutionary viewpoint the beard is a part of the broader category of androgenic hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ It is a vestigial trait from a time when humans had hair on their face and entire body like the hair on gorillas.", "Beard __knowledge__ The evolutionary loss of hair is pronounced in some populations such as indigenous Americans and some east Asian populations, who have less facial hair, whereas people of European or South Asian ancestry and the Ainu have more facial hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ Societal attitudes toward male beards have varied widely depending on factors such as prevailing cultural-religious traditions and the current era's fashion trends.", "Beard __knowledge__ Some religions (such as Sikhism) have considered a full beard to be essential for all males able to grow one, and mandate it as part of their official dogma.", "Beard __knowledge__ Other cultures, even while not officially mandating it, view a beard as central to a man's virility, exemplifying such virtues as wisdom, strength, sexual prowess and high social status.", "Beard __knowledge__ However, in cultures where facial hair is uncommon (or currently out of fashion), beards may be associated with poor hygiene or a \"savage\", uncivilized, or even dangerous demeanor.", "The Beards (Australian band) __knowledge__ The Beards are an Australian comedy folk rock band which formed in 2005.", "The Beards (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group play music based on the virtues of having a beard.", "The Beards (Australian band) __knowledge__ Forming in 2005 in Adelaide, South Australia, to play a one off show, The Beards rose in popularity and soon found they had developed a local cult following with the release of their first album \"The Beards\" in July 2007.", "The Beards (Australian band) __knowledge__ The band followed this up by being selected to play the Adelaide Big Day Out in 2008 & 2009.", "The Beards (Australian band) __knowledge__ During this period, The Beards were highly active in the Adelaide music scene, but largely unknown outside of their hometown.", "The Beards (Australian band) __knowledge__ In 2009 the band released its follow-up album, \"Beards Beards Beards\", and a music video to the song \"If Your Dad Doesn't Have a Beard, You've Got Two Mums\", which received positive acclamations and garnered them increased interest online, as well as airtime on Australian music video program Rage.", "Yelü Chucai __knowledge__ Yelü Chucai (Yeh-lu Chu-tsai; ; Mongolian: Urtu Saqal, 吾圖撒合里, \"long beard\"; the components of his name also variously spelt Yeh-Lu, Ye Liu, Yeliu, Chutsai, Ch'u-Ts'ai, etc.)", "Yelü Chucai __knowledge__ (July 24, 1190 - June 20, 1244) was a statesman of Khitan ethnicity with royal family lineage to the Liao Dynasty, who became a vigorous adviser and administrator of the early Mongol Empire in the Confucian tradition.", "Yelü Chucai __knowledge__ He was the first of Genghis Khan's retainers to formulate policy during the Mongol conquests, and he also introduced many administrative reforms in North China during the reign of Genghis Khan and his successor Ögedei.", "Kelantan rebellion __knowledge__ The outbreak of the Kelantan Rebellion in 1915 has attracted much attention from scholars but there is much disagreement over what actually was the cause of the rebellion.", "Kelantan rebellion __knowledge__ It remains to be an area of Kelantan's history that is still debated amongst scholars, whether these scholars have studied the rebellion through the British colonial sources or whether they have studied the folk version of the rebellion.", "Kelantan rebellion __knowledge__ Both versions present very different interpretations of the motivations behind the rebellion.", "Kelantan rebellion __knowledge__ However, what is agreed upon by both sides was that the rebellion was centered on “a venerable-looking bearded gentleman” - known simply as Tok Janggut.", "Morristown–Beard School __knowledge__ Morristown–Beard School is a coeducational, independent, college-preparatory day school located in Morristown, in Morris County, New Jersey, United States.", "Morristown–Beard School __knowledge__ Serving students in sixth through twelfth grades, the school has two academic units: an Upper School (9-12) and a Middle School (6-8).", "Morristown–Beard School __knowledge__ The present-day Morristown–Beard School was formed from the 1971 merger of two single-sex schools: the Beard School for Girls and the Morristown School for Boys.", "Morristown–Beard School __knowledge__ The Commission on Secondary Schools at the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools has accredited the school since 1973.", "Morristown–Beard School __knowledge__ Peter J. Caldwell has served as Morristown–Beard School's headmaster since 2011.", "Depiction of Jesus __knowledge__ No useful description of the physical appearance of Jesus is given in the New Testament and the depiction of Jesus in pictorial form was controversial in the early Church.", "Depiction of Jesus __knowledge__ The depiction of him in art took several centuries to reach a conventional standardized form for his physical appearance, which has subsequently remained largely stable since that time.", "Depiction of Jesus __knowledge__ Most images of Jesus have in common a number of traits which are now almost universally associated with Jesus, although variants are seen.", "Depiction of Jesus __knowledge__ The conventional image of a fully bearded Jesus with long hair emerged around 300, but did not become established until the 6th century in Eastern Christianity, and much later in the West.", "Jai (actor) __knowledge__ Jai Sampath, known mononymously as Jai, is an Indian actor working in Tamil films.", "Jai (actor) __knowledge__ The nephew of music composer Deva, Jai had worked as a keyboardist in films and had made his acting debut in a supporting role in \"Bagavathi\" (2002).", "Jai (actor) __knowledge__ In 2007, he successfully auditioned for a leading role in Venkat Prabhu's sports film \"Chennai 600028\".", "Jai (actor) __knowledge__ The film emerged as a cult classic, as did his next role of an unemployed 1980s Madurai lad in Sasikumar's \"Subramaniapuram\" (2008).", "Jai (actor) __knowledge__ Jai subsequently garnered praise for diverse roles, including a villager on holiday in \"Goa\" (2010), a timid working factory worker in \"Engaeyum Eppothum\" (2011) and a customer care executive in the romantic drama \"Raja Rani\" (2013), which became his biggest commercial success.", "Body hair __knowledge__ Body hair, or androgenic hair, is the terminal hair that develops on the human body during and after puberty.", "Body hair __knowledge__ It is differentiated from the head hair and less visible vellus hair, which are much finer and lighter in color.", "Body hair __knowledge__ The growth of androgenic hair is related to the level of androgens (often referred to as male hormones; due to the production levels in males being higher on average, but it is actually present in both sexes, and therefore is a unisex hormone) in the individual.", "Body hair __knowledge__ From childhood onward, regardless of sex, vellus hair covers almost the entire area of the human body.", "Body hair __knowledge__ Exceptions include the lips; the backs of the ears; the palms of hands; the soles of the feet; certain external genital areas; the navel; and scar tissue.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the Nickelodeon animated television series \"The Fairly OddParents\".", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Portrayed by: Timothy \"Timmy\" Tiberius Turner was given fairy godparents to grant his every wish.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ Their names are Cosmo and Wanda.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ His wishes often have unpredictable and problematic side effects, and are often reverted upon Timmy's request by the end of the episode.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ His interests include comic books (particularly those centered around his favorite superhero, the Crimson Chin), video games, cartoons,and sports.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ Timmy's middle name is Tiberius, as revealed in \"Manic Mom Day\".", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ During a time travel trip, Timmy accidentally arrives the day his parents moved into their house; unseen, he learns that they were expecting a girl, hence his pink hat.", "Shaving __knowledge__ Shaving is the removal of hair, by using a razor or any other kind of bladed implement, to slice it down—to the level of the skin or otherwise.", "Shaving __knowledge__ Shaving is most commonly practiced by men to remove their facial hair and by women to remove their leg and underarm hair.", "Shaving __knowledge__ A man is called \"clean-shaven\" if he has had his beard entirely removed.", "Shaving __knowledge__ Both men and women sometimes shave their chest hair, abdominal hair, leg hair, underarm hair, pubic hair, or any other body hair.", "Shaving __knowledge__ Head shaving is much more common among men.", "Shaving __knowledge__ It is often associated with religious practice, the armed forces and some competitive sports such as swimming, running and extreme sports.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Long hair is a hairstyle where the head hair is allowed to grow to considerable length.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Exactly what constitutes long hair can change from culture to culture, or even within cultures.", "Long hair __knowledge__ For example, a woman with chin-length hair in some cultures may be said to have short hair, while a man with the same length of hair in some of the same cultures would be said to have long hair.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Males having short, cut hair are in many cultures viewed as being under society's control, such as while in the military or prison or as punishment for a crime.", "Long hair __knowledge__ Long lustrous female hair is generally rated attractive by both men and women across cultures.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ Facial hair in the military has been at various times common, prohibited, or an integral part of the uniform.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ In the armed forces (and police) of India, Sikhs are allowed to wear full beards as their religion expressly requires followers to do so.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ However, they are specifically required to \"dress up their hair and beard properly\".", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ In fact, in Sikh-only units there are instances of personnel transferred out by the unit Commander for their refusal to wear beard and hair as required by Sikh religion, although no official regulation exists on this.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ Non-Sikh personnel are allowed to grow whiskers and moustaches, with the only regulation being that \"will be of moderate length\".", "Hair __knowledge__ Hair is a protein filament that grows from follicles found in the dermis.", "Hair __knowledge__ Hair is one of the defining characteristics of mammals.", "Hair __knowledge__ The human body, apart from areas of glabrous skin, is covered in follicles which produce thick terminal and fine vellus hair.", "Hair __knowledge__ Most common interest in hair is focused on hair growth, hair types and hair care, but hair is also an important biomaterial primarily composed of protein, notably alpha-keratin.", "Hair __knowledge__ Attitudes towards different hair, such as hairstyles and hair removal, vary widely across different cultures and historical periods, but it is often used to indicate a person's personal beliefs or social position, such as their age, sex, or religion." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beard __knowledge__ A beard is the collection of hair that grows on the chin and cheeks of humans and some animals.", "Beard __knowledge__ In humans, usually only pubescent or adult males are able to grow beards.", "Beard __knowledge__ From an evolutionary viewpoint the beard is a part of the broader category of androgenic hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ It is a vestigial trait from a time when humans had hair on their face and entire body like the hair on gorillas.", "Beard __knowledge__ The evolutionary loss of hair is pronounced in some populations such as indigenous Americans and some east Asian populations, who have less facial hair, whereas people of European or South Asian ancestry and the Ainu have more facial hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ Societal attitudes toward male beards have varied widely depending on factors such as prevailing cultural-religious traditions and the current era's fashion trends.", "Beard __knowledge__ Some religions (such as Sikhism) have considered a full beard to be essential for all males able to grow one, and mandate it as part of their official dogma.", "Beard __knowledge__ Other cultures, even while not officially mandating it, view a beard as central to a man's virility, exemplifying such virtues as wisdom, strength, sexual prowess and high social status.", "Beard __knowledge__ However, in cultures where facial hair is uncommon (or currently out of fashion), beards may be associated with poor hygiene or a \"savage\", uncivilized, or even dangerous demeanor.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ Facial hair in the military has been at various times common, prohibited, or an integral part of the uniform.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ In the armed forces (and police) of India, Sikhs are allowed to wear full beards as their religion expressly requires followers to do so.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ However, they are specifically required to \"dress up their hair and beard properly\".", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ In fact, in Sikh-only units there are instances of personnel transferred out by the unit Commander for their refusal to wear beard and hair as required by Sikh religion, although no official regulation exists on this.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ Non-Sikh personnel are allowed to grow whiskers and moustaches, with the only regulation being that \"will be of moderate length\".", "Religious symbolism in the United States military __knowledge__ Religious symbolism in the United States military includes the use of religious symbols for military chaplain insignia, uniforms, emblems, flags, and chapels; symbolic gestures, actions, and words used in military rituals and ceremonies; and religious symbols or designations used in areas such as headstones and markers in national cemeteries, and military ID tags (\"dog tags\").", "Religious symbolism in the United States military __knowledge__ Symbolism sometimes includes specific images included or excluded because of religious reasons, choices involving colors with religious significance, and \"religious accommodation\" policies regarding the wear of \"religious apparel\" and \"grooming\" (such as \"unshorn\" hair and beards worn for religious reasons) with military uniforms.", "Dwarf (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ A dwarf, in the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" (\"D&D\") fantasy roleplaying game, is a humanoid race, one of the primary races available for player characters.", "Dwarf (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ The idea for the \"D&D\" dwarf comes from European mythologies and J. R. R. Tolkien's novel \"The Lord of the Rings\" (1954-1955), and has been used in \"D&D\" and its predecessor \"Chainmail\" since the early 1970s.", "Dwarf (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ Variations from the standard dwarf archetype of a short and stout demihuman are commonly called subraces, of which there are more than a dozen across many different rule sets and campaign settings.", "Dwarf (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ The concept of the dwarf comes from Norse and Teutonic mythology.", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ In Judaism, shaving with a razor is a prohibition that is based on rabbinic interpretation of Leviticus 19:27, which states, \"You shall not round off the side-growth on your head, or destroy the side-growth of your beard.\"", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ The Mishnah interprets this as a prohibition on using a razor on the beard.", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ This prohibition is further expanded upon in kabbalistic literature.", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ The halakhic prohibition applies to shaving off the \"pe'ot\" (sidelocks) and \"corners of the beard\" by means of a razor.", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ The book of Leviticus in the Torah makes mention of \"corners of the head\", and prohibits the \"marring\" of the \"corners of the beard\", with particular emphasis on priests not \"marring\" the \"corners of the beard\"; as with many other parts of Leviticus, the Book of Ezekiel describes different regulations, stating that the priests should not shave their heads, or let their locks grow long.", "Moustache __knowledge__ A moustache (; , ) is facial hair grown on the upper lip.", "Moustache __knowledge__ Moustaches can be groomed by trimming and styling with a type of pomade called moustache wax.", "Moustache __knowledge__ The word \"moustache\" is French, and is derived from the Italian \"moustacio\" (fourteenth century), dialectal \"mostaccio\" (16th century), from Medieval Latin \"moustaccium\" (eighth century), Medieval Greek μοστάκιον (\"moustakion\"), attested in the ninth century, which ultimately originates as a diminutive of Hellenistic Greek μύσταξ (\"mustax\", \"mustak-\"), meaning \"upper lip\" or \"facial hair\", probably derived from Hellenistic Greek μύλλον (\"mullon\"), \"lip\".", "The Day of the Wolves __knowledge__ The Day of the Wolves is a 1971 heist movie starring Richard Egan and directed, written and produced by Ferde Grofe Jr. the son of the renowned composer who had previously worked in the Philippine film industry.", "The Day of the Wolves __knowledge__ It was the first movie to be made on location in the new town of Lake Havasu City, Arizona.", "The Day of the Wolves __knowledge__ This was the last feature film made by actress Martha Hyer.", "The Day of the Wolves __knowledge__ Pete Anderson (Richard Egan) is chief of police of a small western town, Wellerton.", "The Day of the Wolves __knowledge__ Anderson has a run-in with the son of a council official (played by Len Travis and John Dennis respectively), who gets him fired.", "The Day of the Wolves __knowledge__ His warnings that the town is vulnerable to a criminal takeover were considered scaremongering.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence () is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to legal adulthood (age of majority).", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years, but its physical, psychological or cultural expressions may begin earlier and end later.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ For example, puberty now typically begins during preadolescence, particularly in females.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Physical growth (particularly in males), and cognitive development can extend into the early twenties.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Thus age provides only a rough marker of adolescence, and scholars have found it difficult to agree upon a precise definition of adolescence." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beard __knowledge__ A beard is the collection of hair that grows on the chin and cheeks of humans and some animals.", "Beard __knowledge__ In humans, usually only pubescent or adult males are able to grow beards.", "Beard __knowledge__ From an evolutionary viewpoint the beard is a part of the broader category of androgenic hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ It is a vestigial trait from a time when humans had hair on their face and entire body like the hair on gorillas.", "Beard __knowledge__ The evolutionary loss of hair is pronounced in some populations such as indigenous Americans and some east Asian populations, who have less facial hair, whereas people of European or South Asian ancestry and the Ainu have more facial hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ Societal attitudes toward male beards have varied widely depending on factors such as prevailing cultural-religious traditions and the current era's fashion trends.", "Beard __knowledge__ Some religions (such as Sikhism) have considered a full beard to be essential for all males able to grow one, and mandate it as part of their official dogma.", "Beard __knowledge__ Other cultures, even while not officially mandating it, view a beard as central to a man's virility, exemplifying such virtues as wisdom, strength, sexual prowess and high social status.", "Beard __knowledge__ However, in cultures where facial hair is uncommon (or currently out of fashion), beards may be associated with poor hygiene or a \"savage\", uncivilized, or even dangerous demeanor.", "1795–1820 in Western fashion __knowledge__ Fashion in the period 1795–1820 in European and European-influenced countries saw the final triumph of undress or informal styles over the brocades, lace, periwigs and powder of the earlier 18th century.", "1795–1820 in Western fashion __knowledge__ In the aftermath of the French Revolution, no one wanted to appear to be a member of the French aristocracy, and people began using clothing more as a form of individual expression of the true self than as a pure indication of social status.", "1795–1820 in Western fashion __knowledge__ As a result, the shifts that occurred in fashion at the turn of the 19th century granted the opportunity to present new public identities that also provided insights into their private selves.", "Mansion House - Hurstpierpoint __knowledge__ Mansion House, Hurstpierpoint is a prominent and historically significant Grade II* listed Georgian village property in Hurstpierpoint, South East England.", "Mansion House - Hurstpierpoint __knowledge__ The substantial family home is situated in the heart of Hurstpierpoint with the High Street at the front and South Downs to the rear.", "Mansion House - Hurstpierpoint __knowledge__ The brick faced timber framed building has surviving medieval sections dating back to the mid to late 16th century.", "Mansion House - Hurstpierpoint __knowledge__ The earlier origins of the property remain unknown but reportedly date back to 1350.", "Mansion House - Hurstpierpoint __knowledge__ Maggie Henderson, an historic buildings archaeologist, was commissioned to carry out a historic building survey of the grade II* Listed Mansion House, High Street, Hurstpierpoint, West Sussex.", "Fashion __knowledge__ Fashion is a popular style or practice, especially in clothing, footwear, accessories, makeup, hairstyle and body.", "Fashion __knowledge__ Fashion is a distinctive and often constant trend in the style in which a person dresses.", "Fashion __knowledge__ It is the prevailing styles in behaviour and the newest creations of textile designers.", "Fashion __knowledge__ Because the more technical term \"costume\" is regularly linked to the term \"fashion\", the use of the former has been relegated to special senses like fancy dress or masquerade wear, while \"fashion\" generally means clothing, including the study of it.", "Fashion __knowledge__ Although aspects of fashion can be feminine or masculine, some trends are androgynous.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ The history of fashion design refers to the development of the fashion industry which designs clothing and accessories.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ The modern industry, based around firms or fashion houses run by individual designers, started in the 19th century with Charles Frederick Worth who was the first designer to have his label sewn into the garments that he created.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Couture beginnings.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Rose Bertin (July 2, 1747 – September 22, 1813) was the dressmaker to Marie Antoinette, Queen of France.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Sometimes called sarcastically the \"Minister of Fashion\", she opened a shop in Paris and had a considerable influence on Parisian style, until this was drastically changed by the French Revolution, from which she fled into exile to London for some years.", "Foundation (cosmetics) __knowledge__ Foundation is a skin-coloured makeup applied to the face to create an even, uniform colour to the complexion, to cover flaws and, sometimes, to change the natural skintone.", "Foundation (cosmetics) __knowledge__ Some foundations also function as a moisturizer, sunscreen, astringent or base layer for more complex cosmetics.", "Foundation (cosmetics) __knowledge__ Foundation applied to the body is generally referred to as \"body painting.\"", "Foundation (cosmetics) __knowledge__ The use of cosmetics to enhance complexion reaches back into antiquity.", "Foundation (cosmetics) __knowledge__ “Face painting” is mentioned in the Old Testament (Ezekiel 23:40).", "Foundation (cosmetics) __knowledge__ Ancient Egyptians used foundation.", "Foundation (cosmetics) __knowledge__ In 200 B.C., ancient Greek women applied white lead powder and chalk to lighten their skin.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the animated series \"Kim Possible\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kimberly Ann \"Kim\" Possible is a crime fighter and high school cheerleading captain who saves the world on a regular basis while dealing with the normal challenges of being a teenager, such as winning cheer competitions, turning in her homework on time, and maintaining a love life.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Her name is a play on the word \"impossible.\"", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kim has known Ron Stoppable, her sidekick for most missions, since preschool.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ She has also completed missions with Wade, Monique, her brothers, and even her mother.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ In season four, Kim and Ron end up developing romantic feelings for each other and begin dating during their senior year.", "Vestigiality __knowledge__ Vestigiality is the retention during the process of evolution of genetically determined structures or attributes that have lost some or all of their ancestral function in a given species.", "Vestigiality __knowledge__ Assessment of the vestigiality must generally rely on comparison with homologous features in related species.", "Vestigiality __knowledge__ The emergence of vestigiality occurs by normal evolutionary processes, typically by loss of function of a feature that is no longer subject to positive selection pressures when it loses its value in a changing environment.", "Vestigiality __knowledge__ The feature may be selected against more urgently when its function becomes definitively harmful, but if the lack of the feature provides no advantage, and its presence provides no disadvantage, the feature may not be phased out by natural selection and persist across species.", "Human vestigiality __knowledge__ In the context of human evolution, human vestigiality involves those traits (such as organs or behaviors) occurring in humans that have lost all or most of their original function through evolution.", "Human vestigiality __knowledge__ Although structures called \"vestigial\" often appear functionless, a vestigial structure may retain lesser functions or develop minor new ones.", "Human vestigiality __knowledge__ In some cases, structures once identified as vestigial simply had an unrecognized function.", "Human vestigiality __knowledge__ The examples of human vestigiality are numerous, including the anatomical (such as the human tailbone, wisdom teeth, and inside corner of the eye), the behavioral (goose bumps and palmar grasp reflex), and molecular (pseudogenes).", "Bipedalism __knowledge__ Bipedalism is a form of terrestrial locomotion where an organism moves by means of its two rear limbs or legs.", "Bipedalism __knowledge__ An animal or machine that usually moves in a bipedal manner is known as a biped , meaning \"two feet\" (from the Latin \"bis\" for \"double\" and \"pes\" for \"foot\").", "Bipedalism __knowledge__ Types of bipedal movement include walking, running, or hopping.", "Bipedalism __knowledge__ Few modern species are habitual bipeds whose normal method of locomotion is two-legged.", "Bipedalism __knowledge__ Within mammals, habitual bipedalism has evolved multiple times, with the macropods, kangaroo rats and mice, springhare, hopping mice, pangolins and homininan apes, as well as various other extinct groups evolving the trait independently.", "Hair __knowledge__ Hair is a protein filament that grows from follicles found in the dermis.", "Hair __knowledge__ Hair is one of the defining characteristics of mammals.", "Hair __knowledge__ The human body, apart from areas of glabrous skin, is covered in follicles which produce thick terminal and fine vellus hair.", "Hair __knowledge__ Most common interest in hair is focused on hair growth, hair types and hair care, but hair is also an important biomaterial primarily composed of protein, notably alpha-keratin.", "Hair __knowledge__ Attitudes towards different hair, such as hairstyles and hair removal, vary widely across different cultures and historical periods, but it is often used to indicate a person's personal beliefs or social position, such as their age, sex, or religion.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Natural selection __knowledge__ Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype.", "Natural selection __knowledge__ It is a key mechanism of evolution, the change in the heritable traits characteristic of a population over generations.", "Natural selection __knowledge__ Charles Darwin popularised the term \"natural selection\", contrasting it with artificial selection, which is intentional, whereas natural selection is not.", "Natural selection __knowledge__ Variation exists within all populations of organisms.", "Natural selection __knowledge__ This occurs partly because random mutations arise in the genome of an individual organism, and offspring can inherit such mutations.", "Natural selection __knowledge__ Throughout the lives of the individuals, their genomes interact with their environments to cause variations in traits." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beard __knowledge__ A beard is the collection of hair that grows on the chin and cheeks of humans and some animals.", "Beard __knowledge__ In humans, usually only pubescent or adult males are able to grow beards.", "Beard __knowledge__ From an evolutionary viewpoint the beard is a part of the broader category of androgenic hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ It is a vestigial trait from a time when humans had hair on their face and entire body like the hair on gorillas.", "Beard __knowledge__ The evolutionary loss of hair is pronounced in some populations such as indigenous Americans and some east Asian populations, who have less facial hair, whereas people of European or South Asian ancestry and the Ainu have more facial hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ Societal attitudes toward male beards have varied widely depending on factors such as prevailing cultural-religious traditions and the current era's fashion trends.", "Beard __knowledge__ Some religions (such as Sikhism) have considered a full beard to be essential for all males able to grow one, and mandate it as part of their official dogma.", "Beard __knowledge__ Other cultures, even while not officially mandating it, view a beard as central to a man's virility, exemplifying such virtues as wisdom, strength, sexual prowess and high social status.", "Beard __knowledge__ However, in cultures where facial hair is uncommon (or currently out of fashion), beards may be associated with poor hygiene or a \"savage\", uncivilized, or even dangerous demeanor.", "Moustache __knowledge__ A moustache (; , ) is facial hair grown on the upper lip.", "Moustache __knowledge__ Moustaches can be groomed by trimming and styling with a type of pomade called moustache wax.", "Moustache __knowledge__ The word \"moustache\" is French, and is derived from the Italian \"moustacio\" (fourteenth century), dialectal \"mostaccio\" (16th century), from Medieval Latin \"moustaccium\" (eighth century), Medieval Greek μοστάκιον (\"moustakion\"), attested in the ninth century, which ultimately originates as a diminutive of Hellenistic Greek μύσταξ (\"mustax\", \"mustak-\"), meaning \"upper lip\" or \"facial hair\", probably derived from Hellenistic Greek μύλλον (\"mullon\"), \"lip\".", "Byron Foulger __knowledge__ Byron Kay Foulger (27 August 1899 – 4 April 1970) was an American film character actor.", "Byron Foulger __knowledge__ He was born in Ogden, Utah.", "Byron Foulger __knowledge__ Foulger attended the University of Utah, and started acting through his participation in community theatre.", "Byron Foulger __knowledge__ Foulger was of the Mormon faith.", "Byron Foulger __knowledge__ He made his Broadway debut in March 1920 in a production of \"Medea\" featuring Moroni Olsen, and performed in four more productions with Olsen on the 'Great White Way', back-to-back, ending in April 1922.", "Byron Foulger __knowledge__ He then toured with Olsen's stock company, and ended up at the Pasadena Playhouse, where he both acted and directed.", "Byron Foulger __knowledge__ Foulger made his first three films in 1932 and 1936 with small roles in \"Night World\" (1932), \"The Little Minister\", and \"The President's Mystery\", the latter based on a story by Franklin Delano Roosevelt.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ Facial hair in the military has been at various times common, prohibited, or an integral part of the uniform.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ In the armed forces (and police) of India, Sikhs are allowed to wear full beards as their religion expressly requires followers to do so.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ However, they are specifically required to \"dress up their hair and beard properly\".", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ In fact, in Sikh-only units there are instances of personnel transferred out by the unit Commander for their refusal to wear beard and hair as required by Sikh religion, although no official regulation exists on this.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ Non-Sikh personnel are allowed to grow whiskers and moustaches, with the only regulation being that \"will be of moderate length\".", "List of Presidents of the United States with facial hair __knowledge__ The majority of men who have held the office of President of the United States have been clean shaven, including the Founding Fathers.", "List of Presidents of the United States with facial hair __knowledge__ Between 1861 and 1913, however, all but two presidents wore either beards or mustaches during their tenure in office.", "List of Presidents of the United States with facial hair __knowledge__ John Quincy Adams (1825–29) was the first U.S. President to have notable facial hair, with long sideburns.", "List of Presidents of the United States with facial hair __knowledge__ But the first major departure from the tradition of smooth-faced chief executives was Abraham Lincoln (1861–65), who was supposedly (and famously) influenced by 11-year-old Grace Bedell to start growing a beard shortly before he was elected.", "Tamasha (2015 film) __knowledge__ Tamasha (Hindi: तमाशा, \"A spectacle\") is a 2015 Indian romantic drama film written and directed by Imtiaz Ali and produced by Sajid Nadiadwala under his banner, Nadiadwala Grandson Entertainment.", "Tamasha (2015 film) __knowledge__ It features Ranbir Kapoor and Deepika Padukone in lead roles.", "Tamasha (2015 film) __knowledge__ The film score and soundtrack album were composed by A. R. Rahman, while lyrics for the songs were written by Irshad Kamil.", "Tamasha (2015 film) __knowledge__ Filmed briefly in Corsica, Indian cities–Shimla, Delhi, Gurgaon, Kolkata; followed by two-day schedule in Tokyo, the film tells the story of character Ved Vardhan Sahni (played by Kapoor) in three stages–as a nine-year-old child, a 19-year-old adolescent and a 30-year-old adult in a drama-based non-linear screenplay.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica is the daughter of Janice and Bobby Baccalieri.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She was born sometime in 2005, after her parents got married.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Getting her registered for a pre-school was the reason why Janice and Bobby were not able to take care of Junior the night he shot Tony.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica rode the amusement ride with her mother at the Feast of St. Elzéar when it broke.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She longed for another ride and Tony later spun her around at the feast, to her joy.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ That year, Janice took Domenica to Satriale's Pork Store to demand that Tony make Bobby a capo.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ In 2007, Domenica played at the house near the lake when Tony, Carmela, Bobby, and Janice celebrated Tony's birthday.", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality __knowledge__ Societal attitudes toward homosexuality vary greatly in different cultures and different historical periods, as do attitudes toward sexual desire, activity and relationships in general.", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality __knowledge__ All cultures have their own values regarding appropriate and inappropriate sexuality; some sanction same-sex love and sexuality, while others may disapprove of such activities in part.", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality __knowledge__ As with heterosexual behaviour, different sets of prescriptions and proscriptions may be given to individuals according to their gender, age, social status or social class.", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality __knowledge__ Many of the world's cultures have, in the past, considered procreative sex within a recognized relationship to be a sexual norm—sometimes exclusively so, and sometimes alongside norms of same-sex love, whether passionate, intimate or sexual.", "Homosexuality __knowledge__ Homosexuality is romantic attraction, sexual attraction or sexual behavior between members of the same sex or gender.", "Homosexuality __knowledge__ As a sexual orientation, homosexuality is \"an enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions\" to people of the same sex.", "Homosexuality __knowledge__ It \"also refers to a person's sense of identity based on those attractions, related behaviors, and membership in a community of others who share those attractions.\"", "Homosexuality __knowledge__ Along with bisexuality and heterosexuality, homosexuality is one of the three main categories of sexual orientation within the heterosexual–homosexual continuum.", "Homosexuality __knowledge__ Scientists do not know exactly what determines an individual's sexual orientation, but they believe that it is caused by a complex interplay of genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences, and do not view it as a choice.", "Rape culture __knowledge__ Rape culture is a sociological concept used to describe a setting in which rape is pervasive and normalized due to societal attitudes about gender and sexuality.", "Rape culture __knowledge__ Behaviors commonly associated with rape culture include victim blaming, 'slut shaming', sexual objectification, trivializing rape, denial of widespread rape, refusing to acknowledge the harm caused by some forms of sexual violence, or some combination of these.", "Rape culture __knowledge__ The notion of rape culture has been used to describe and explain behavior within social groups, including prison rape, and in conflict areas where war rape is used as psychological warfare.", "Functional Attitude Theory __knowledge__ Functional attitude theory (FAT) suggests that beliefs and attitudes are influential to various psychological functions.", "Functional Attitude Theory __knowledge__ Attitudes can be influential on many processes such as being utilitarian (useful), social, relating to values, or a reduction of cognitive dissonance.", "Functional Attitude Theory __knowledge__ They can be beneficial and help people interact with the world.", "Functional Attitude Theory __knowledge__ In the late 1950s when psychoanalysis and behaviorism reigned supreme as the foci of psychological studies, Smith, Bruner, and White (1956) and Katz (1960) separately and independently developed typologies of human attitudes in relation to the functions to which they believed the attitudes served.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ Sexuality in ancient Rome, and more broadly, \"sexual attitudes and behaviors in ancient Rome,\" are indicated by Roman art, literature and inscriptions, and to a lesser extent by archaeological remains such as erotic artifacts and architecture.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ It has sometimes been assumed that \"unlimited sexual license\" was characteristic of ancient Rome; Verstraete and Provençal express the opinion that this perspective was simply a Christian interpretation: \"The sexuality of the Romans has never had good press in the West ever since the rise of Christianity.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ In the popular imagination and culture, it is synonymous with sexual license and abuse.\"", "Ambivalent prejudice __knowledge__ Ambivalent prejudice is a social psychological theory that states that, when people become aware that they have conflicting beliefs about an outgroup (a group of people that do not belong to an individual's own group), they experience an unpleasant mental feeling generally referred to as cognitive dissonance.", "Ambivalent prejudice __knowledge__ These feelings are brought about because the individual on one hand believes in humanitarian virtues such as helping those in need, but on the other hand also believes in individualistic virtues such as working hard to improve one's life.", "Ambivalent prejudice __knowledge__ Bernard Whitley and Mary Kite contend that this dissonance motivates people to alter their thoughts in an attempt to reduce their discomfort." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 ]

[ "I love to grow beard so much,collection of hair that grows on the chin and cheeks of humans and some animals. ", "No, just moderate. , usually only pubescent or adult males are able to grow beards.", "Wow, really, is a vestigial trait from a time when humans had hair on their face and entire body", "It is truly, Societal attitudes toward male beards have varied widely depending on factors", "Wow, it makes me look small, Some religions (such as Sikhism) have considered a full beard to be essential for all males able to grow one," ]

[ "Beard", "Beard", "Beard", "Beard", "Beard" ]

[ "Husky\nHuskies are a beautiful breed of dog.", "I also love dogs! What is the Taimyr wolf?", "Have you ever owned a Husky and if not what type breed do you own?", "My favorite breed I ever owned was a Shetland Sheepdog and I was lucky enough to have two of them in my family.", "Both of my shelties were HIGHLY excitable, vocal and intelligent. They drove me a bit crazy with their incessant barking but they were incredibly loyal and loving." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Husky __knowledge__ Husky is a general name for a sled-type of dog used in northern regions, differentiated from other sled-dog types by their fast pulling style.", "Husky __knowledge__ They are an ever-changing cross-breed of the fastest dogs.", "Husky __knowledge__ The Alaskan Malamute, by contrast, is \"the largest and most powerful\" sled dog, and was used for heavier loads.", "Husky __knowledge__ Huskies are used in sled dog racing.", "Husky __knowledge__ In recent years, companies have been marketing tourist treks with dog sledges for adventure travelers in snow regions as well.", "Husky __knowledge__ Huskies are also today kept as pets, and groups work to find new pet homes for retired racing and adventure trekking dogs.", "Husky __knowledge__ The word \"husky\" originated from the word referring to Arctic people in general, Eskimos (a.k.a.", "Husky __knowledge__ Inuit), \"...known as 'huskies', a contraction of 'Huskimos', the pronunciation given to the word 'Eskimos' by the English sailors of trading vessels.\"", "Husky __knowledge__ The use of \"husky\" is recorded from 1852 for dogs kept by Inuit people.", "Husky __knowledge__ Nearly all dogs' genetic closeness to the gray wolf is due to admixture.", "Husky __knowledge__ However, several Arctic breeds also show a genetic closeness with the now-extinct Taimyr wolf of North Asia due to admixture: the Siberian Husky and Greenland dog (which are also historically associated with Arctic human populations) and to a lesser extent, the Shar Pei and Finnish spitz.", "Siberian Husky __knowledge__ The Siberian Husky (Russian: Сибирский хаски) is a medium size working dog breed that originated in north-eastern Siberia, Russia.", "Siberian Husky __knowledge__ The breed belongs to the Spitz genetic family.", "Siberian Husky __knowledge__ It is recognizable by its thickly furred double coat, erect triangular ears, and distinctive markings.", "Siberian Husky __knowledge__ The original Siberian Huskies were bred by the Chukchi people whose hunter-gatherer culture relied on their help.", "Siberian Husky __knowledge__ It is an active, energetic, resilient breed, whose ancestors lived in the extremely cold and harsh environment of the Siberian Arctic.", "Siberian Husky __knowledge__ William Goosak, a Russian fur trader, introduced them to Nome, Alaska during the Nome Gold Rush, initially as sled dogs.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ The Labrador Husky is a specific purebred dog.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ It is commonly mistaken for a Husky-Lab mix but in fact, it is its own breed.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ The Labrador Husky was originally brought to Labrador, Canada in the 1300s by the Inuit People.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ Its main purpose was to help the Inuit people survive in a highly demanding environment.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ To do so, the Labrador Husky was trained to pull sleds that transported goods.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ Labrador Huskies are known to be large but gentle dogs.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ The breed can grow to be bigger than the more commonly known Siberian Husky weighing in at 60-100 pounds.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ This dog was domesticated by families to serve as a family pet.", "Sled dog __knowledge__ Sled dogs were important for transportation in arctic areas, hauling supplies in areas that were inaccessible by other methods.", "Sled dog __knowledge__ They were used with varying success in the explorations of both poles, as well as during the Alaskan gold rush.", "Sled dog __knowledge__ Sled dog teams delivered mail to rural communities in Alaska and northern Canada.", "Sled dog __knowledge__ Sled dogs today are still used by some rural communities, especially in areas of Alaska and Canada and throughout Greenland.", "Sled dog __knowledge__ They are used for recreational purposes and racing events, such as the Iditarod Trail and the Yukon Quest.", "Sled dog __knowledge__ Sled dogs have been used in Canada, Lapland, Greenland, Siberia, Chukotka, Norway, Finland, and Alaska.", "Alaskan husky __knowledge__ The Alaskan husky is not considered a pure breed.", "Alaskan husky __knowledge__ It is defined only by its purpose, which is that of a highly efficient sled dog.", "Alaskan husky __knowledge__ The husky is a blend of various Northern breeds, chosen particularly for skills such as pulling.", "Alaskan husky __knowledge__ Specializations in type exist within the category, such as freighting dogs (Mackenzie River husky, Malamute), sprint Alaskans (Eurohound), and distance Alaskans.", "Alaskan husky __knowledge__ The Alaskan husky is the sled dog of choice for world-class dog sled racing.", "Alaskan husky __knowledge__ None of the purebred northern breeds can match it for sheer racing speed.", "Alaskan husky __knowledge__ Sprint-racing events such as the Fairbanks, Alaska Open North American Championship and the Anchorage Fur Rendezvous are invariably won by teams of Alaskan huskies, or Alaskans crossed with hounds or gun dogs.", "Conformation show __knowledge__ A conformation show, also referred to as a \"breed show\", is a kind of dog show in which a judge familiar with a specific dog breed evaluates individual purebred dogs for how well the dogs \"conform\" to the established breed type for their breed, as described in a breed's individual breed standard.", "Conformation show __knowledge__ Such shows are useful to breeders as a means of evaluating dogs for breeding purposes.", "Conformation show __knowledge__ A conformation championship from a recognized national kennel club is generally considered a reasonably objective indication of merit, as it indicates that the dog has been found to be a superior example of its breed by some number of different judges on some number of separate occasions.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The Greater Swiss Mountain Dog ( or ) is a dog breed which was developed in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The name \"Sennenhund\" refers to people called \"Senn\" or \"Senner\", dairymen and herders in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs are almost certainly the result of indigenous dogs mating with large mastiff types brought to Switzerland by foreign settlers.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ At one time, the breed was believed to have been among the most popular in Switzerland.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ It was assumed to have almost died out by the late 19th century, since its work was being done by other breeds or machines, but was rediscovered in the early 1900s.", "Canadian Eskimo Dog __knowledge__ The Canadian Eskimo Dog is an Arctic breed of working dog, which is often considered to be one of North America's oldest and rarest remaining purebred indigenous domestic canines.", "Canadian Eskimo Dog __knowledge__ Other names include qimmiq or qimmit (Inuit language word for \"dog\").", "Canadian Eskimo Dog __knowledge__ They were brought from Siberia to North America by the Thule people 1,000 years ago, along with the Greenland Dog that is genetically identical.", "Canadian Eskimo Dog __knowledge__ The breed is currently threatened with extinction, with a 2008 estimate of only 300 purebred dogs.", "Canadian Eskimo Dog __knowledge__ Although once used as the preferred method of transportation by Inuit in the Canadian Arctic, by the 1960s traditional working dog teams became increasingly rare in the North." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Husky __knowledge__ Husky is a general name for a sled-type of dog used in northern regions, differentiated from other sled-dog types by their fast pulling style.", "Husky __knowledge__ They are an ever-changing cross-breed of the fastest dogs.", "Husky __knowledge__ The Alaskan Malamute, by contrast, is \"the largest and most powerful\" sled dog, and was used for heavier loads.", "Husky __knowledge__ Huskies are used in sled dog racing.", "Husky __knowledge__ In recent years, companies have been marketing tourist treks with dog sledges for adventure travelers in snow regions as well.", "Husky __knowledge__ Huskies are also today kept as pets, and groups work to find new pet homes for retired racing and adventure trekking dogs.", "Husky __knowledge__ The word \"husky\" originated from the word referring to Arctic people in general, Eskimos (a.k.a.", "Husky __knowledge__ Inuit), \"...known as 'huskies', a contraction of 'Huskimos', the pronunciation given to the word 'Eskimos' by the English sailors of trading vessels.\"", "Husky __knowledge__ The use of \"husky\" is recorded from 1852 for dogs kept by Inuit people.", "Husky __knowledge__ Nearly all dogs' genetic closeness to the gray wolf is due to admixture.", "Husky __knowledge__ However, several Arctic breeds also show a genetic closeness with the now-extinct Taimyr wolf of North Asia due to admixture: the Siberian Husky and Greenland dog (which are also historically associated with Arctic human populations) and to a lesser extent, the Shar Pei and Finnish spitz.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ The evolution of the wolf occurred over a geologic time scale of 800 thousand years, transforming the first Middle Pleistocene wolf specimen that is recognized as being morphologically similar to \"Canis lupus\" into today's dog, dingo and gray wolf.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Ecological factors including habitat type, climate, prey specialization and predatory competition has greatly influenced the wolf's genetic population structure and cranio-dental plasticity.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Wolves went through a population bottleneck 20,000 years before present (YBP), which indicates that many wolf populations had gone extinct at a time that coincided with the Last Glacial Maximum and the expansion of modern humans worldwide with their technology for capturing large game.", "Megafaunal wolf __knowledge__ The megafaunal wolf (\"Canis cf.", "Megafaunal wolf __knowledge__ lupus\") was a Late Pleistocene – early Holocene hypercarnivore similar in size to a large extant gray wolf.", "Megafaunal wolf __knowledge__ It had a shorter, broader palate with large carnassial teeth relative to its overall skull size.", "Megafaunal wolf __knowledge__ This adaptation allowed it to predate and scavenge on Pleistocene megafauna.", "Megafaunal wolf __knowledge__ Such an adaption is an example of phenotypic plasticity.", "Megafaunal wolf __knowledge__ In 2007, the words \"megafaunal\" and \"wolf\" appeared separated in the title of a study.", "Megafaunal wolf __knowledge__ In 2013, one of the study co-authors first used the term \"megafaunal wolf\" in a media release.", "Megafaunal wolf __knowledge__ The megafaunal wolf (\"Canis cf.", "Megafaunal wolf __knowledge__ lupus\", where cf.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Must Love Dogs is a 2005 American romantic comedy film based on Claire Cook's 2002 novel of the same name.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Starring Diane Lane and John Cusack, it is the second and final film directed and written by Gary David Goldberg and was produced on a budget of $30 million.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ The film focuses on a woman's struggle with divorce and meeting new people afterward.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Production started on October 12, 2004 with a final release date of July 29, 2005.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Critics opinions were mostly negative but indicated that the actors were not to blame.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ \"Must Love Dogs\" took the fifth spot on its opening weekend and has grossed more than $58 million worldwide.", "Greenland Dog __knowledge__ The Greenland Dog (Greenlandic: \"Kalaallit Qimmiat\", Danish: \"Grønlandshunden\") is a large breed of husky-type dog kept as a sled dog and for hunting polar bear and seal.", "Greenland Dog __knowledge__ They were brought from Siberia to North America by the Thule people 1,000 years ago, along with the Canadian Eskimo Dog that is genetically identical.", "Greenland Dog __knowledge__ The first dogs arrived in the Americas 12,000 years ago.", "Greenland Dog __knowledge__ However, people and their dogs did not settle in the Arctic until the Paleo-Eskimo people 4,500 years ago and then the Thule people 1,000 years ago, both originating from Siberia.", "Greenland Dog __knowledge__ Dogs first appeared in Greenland around 4,000 years ago.", "Premio Tudini __knowledge__ The Premio Tudini is a Group 3 flat horse race in Italy open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older.", "Premio Tudini __knowledge__ It is run at Capannelle over a distance of 1,200 metres (about 6 furlongs), and it is scheduled to take place each year in May.", "Premio Tudini __knowledge__ The event was formerly known as the Premio Melton, and it held Group 3 status for a period in the 1970s.", "Premio Tudini __knowledge__ It was promoted to Group 2 level in 1979.", "Premio Tudini __knowledge__ The Premio Melton was subtitled the Memorial Tudini during the 1990s.", "Premio Tudini __knowledge__ It was relegated back to Group 3 status in 1996.", "Premio Tudini __knowledge__ It was run as the Premio Tudini Piero e Ugo in the early 2000s, and it subsequently became the Premio Tudini.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ The gray wolf (\"Canis lupus\"), also known as the timber wolf or western wolf, is a canine native to the wilderness and remote areas of Eurasia and North America.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ It is the largest extant member of its family, with males averaging and females .", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Like the red wolf, it is distinguished from other \"Canis\" species by its larger size and less pointed features, particularly on the ears and muzzle.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Its winter fur is long and bushy and predominantly a mottled gray in color, although nearly pure white, red, and brown to black also occur.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ \"Mammal Species of the World\" (3rd ed., 2005), a standard reference work in zoology, recognises 38 subspecies of \"C. lupus\"..Gray wolfs are pack hunters.", "Siberian Husky __knowledge__ The Siberian Husky (Russian: Сибирский хаски) is a medium size working dog breed that originated in north-eastern Siberia, Russia.", "Siberian Husky __knowledge__ The breed belongs to the Spitz genetic family.", "Siberian Husky __knowledge__ It is recognizable by its thickly furred double coat, erect triangular ears, and distinctive markings.", "Siberian Husky __knowledge__ The original Siberian Huskies were bred by the Chukchi people whose hunter-gatherer culture relied on their help.", "Siberian Husky __knowledge__ It is an active, energetic, resilient breed, whose ancestors lived in the extremely cold and harsh environment of the Siberian Arctic.", "Siberian Husky __knowledge__ William Goosak, a Russian fur trader, introduced them to Nome, Alaska during the Nome Gold Rush, initially as sled dogs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Husky __knowledge__ Husky is a general name for a sled-type of dog used in northern regions, differentiated from other sled-dog types by their fast pulling style.", "Husky __knowledge__ They are an ever-changing cross-breed of the fastest dogs.", "Husky __knowledge__ The Alaskan Malamute, by contrast, is \"the largest and most powerful\" sled dog, and was used for heavier loads.", "Husky __knowledge__ Huskies are used in sled dog racing.", "Husky __knowledge__ In recent years, companies have been marketing tourist treks with dog sledges for adventure travelers in snow regions as well.", "Husky __knowledge__ Huskies are also today kept as pets, and groups work to find new pet homes for retired racing and adventure trekking dogs.", "Husky __knowledge__ The word \"husky\" originated from the word referring to Arctic people in general, Eskimos (a.k.a.", "Husky __knowledge__ Inuit), \"...known as 'huskies', a contraction of 'Huskimos', the pronunciation given to the word 'Eskimos' by the English sailors of trading vessels.\"", "Husky __knowledge__ The use of \"husky\" is recorded from 1852 for dogs kept by Inuit people.", "Husky __knowledge__ Nearly all dogs' genetic closeness to the gray wolf is due to admixture.", "Husky __knowledge__ However, several Arctic breeds also show a genetic closeness with the now-extinct Taimyr wolf of North Asia due to admixture: the Siberian Husky and Greenland dog (which are also historically associated with Arctic human populations) and to a lesser extent, the Shar Pei and Finnish spitz.", "Alaskan Klee Kai __knowledge__ The Alaskan Klee Kai is a spitz type breed of dog, developed in the 1970s to create a companion sized dog resembling the Alaskan Husky (a mixed breed of dog used for sled racing).", "Alaskan Klee Kai __knowledge__ It is an energetic, intelligent, dog with an appearance that reflects its northern heritage.", "Alaskan Klee Kai __knowledge__ The breed was developed in Wasilla, Alaska, from the early 1970s to 1988 by Linda S. Spurlin and her family.", "Alaskan Klee Kai __knowledge__ The breed was developed with Siberian and Alaskan Huskies, using Schipperke and American Eskimo Dog to bring down the size without dwarfism.", "Alaskan Klee Kai __knowledge__ She bred these dogs in private until she released them to the general public in 1988.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ The Labrador Husky is a specific purebred dog.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ It is commonly mistaken for a Husky-Lab mix but in fact, it is its own breed.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ The Labrador Husky was originally brought to Labrador, Canada in the 1300s by the Inuit People.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ Its main purpose was to help the Inuit people survive in a highly demanding environment.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ To do so, the Labrador Husky was trained to pull sleds that transported goods.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ Labrador Huskies are known to be large but gentle dogs.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ The breed can grow to be bigger than the more commonly known Siberian Husky weighing in at 60-100 pounds.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ This dog was domesticated by families to serve as a family pet.", "Siberian Husky __knowledge__ The Siberian Husky (Russian: Сибирский хаски) is a medium size working dog breed that originated in north-eastern Siberia, Russia.", "Siberian Husky __knowledge__ The breed belongs to the Spitz genetic family.", "Siberian Husky __knowledge__ It is recognizable by its thickly furred double coat, erect triangular ears, and distinctive markings.", "Siberian Husky __knowledge__ The original Siberian Huskies were bred by the Chukchi people whose hunter-gatherer culture relied on their help.", "Siberian Husky __knowledge__ It is an active, energetic, resilient breed, whose ancestors lived in the extremely cold and harsh environment of the Siberian Arctic.", "Siberian Husky __knowledge__ William Goosak, a Russian fur trader, introduced them to Nome, Alaska during the Nome Gold Rush, initially as sled dogs.", "Alaskan husky __knowledge__ The Alaskan husky is not considered a pure breed.", "Alaskan husky __knowledge__ It is defined only by its purpose, which is that of a highly efficient sled dog.", "Alaskan husky __knowledge__ The husky is a blend of various Northern breeds, chosen particularly for skills such as pulling.", "Alaskan husky __knowledge__ Specializations in type exist within the category, such as freighting dogs (Mackenzie River husky, Malamute), sprint Alaskans (Eurohound), and distance Alaskans.", "Alaskan husky __knowledge__ The Alaskan husky is the sled dog of choice for world-class dog sled racing.", "Alaskan husky __knowledge__ None of the purebred northern breeds can match it for sheer racing speed.", "Alaskan husky __knowledge__ Sprint-racing events such as the Fairbanks, Alaska Open North American Championship and the Anchorage Fur Rendezvous are invariably won by teams of Alaskan huskies, or Alaskans crossed with hounds or gun dogs.", "Dogue de Bordeaux __knowledge__ The Dogue de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Mastiff, French Mastiff or Bordeauxdog is a large French Mastiff breed—and one of the most ancient French dog breeds.", "Dogue de Bordeaux __knowledge__ A typical brachycephalic molossoid type breed, the Bordeaux is a very powerful dog, with a very muscular body.", "Dogue de Bordeaux __knowledge__ This brawny breed has been put to work in many different capacities, from pulling carts and hauling heavy objects, to guarding flocks and, historically, the castles of the European elite.", "Dogue de Bordeaux __knowledge__ The Dogue de Bordeaux was known in France as early as the fourteenth century, particularly in southern France in the region around Bordeaux.", "Dogue de Bordeaux __knowledge__ Hence, the city lent its name to this large dog.", "Husky Energy __knowledge__ Husky Energy Inc. is one of Canada’s largest integrated energy companies, headquartered in Calgary, Alberta.", "Husky Energy __knowledge__ Its common shares are publicly traded on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol HSE.", "Husky Energy __knowledge__ The Company operates in Western and Atlantic Canada, the United States and the Asia Pacific Region, with Upstream and Downstream business segments.", "Husky Energy __knowledge__ Husky Energy is controlled by Hong Kong billionaire Li Ka-Shing who owns a majority share of approximately 70% according to Bloomberg and Financial Post data.", "Husky Energy __knowledge__ Husky's foundation is in Heavy Oil and Western Canada, where it has conventional oil and natural gas assets, significant heavy oil production and downstream operations, including refineries, upgrading facilities and pipelines.", "Alaskan Malamute __knowledge__ The Alaskan Malamute is a large breed of domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\") originally bred for hauling heavy freight because of their strength and endurance, and later a sled dog.", "Alaskan Malamute __knowledge__ They are similar to other arctic breeds, such as the Greenland Dog, Canadian Eskimo Dog, the Siberian Husky, and the Samoyed.", "Alaskan Malamute __knowledge__ The first dogs arrived in the Americas 12,000 years ago; however, people and their dogs did not settle in the Arctic until the Paleo-Eskimo people 4,500 years ago and then the Thule people 1,000 years ago, both originating from Siberia.", "Alaskan Malamute __knowledge__ Malamutes were thought to be created by the Malemiut Inupiaq people of Alaska's Norton Sound region, who were a Thule people.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ The evolution of the wolf occurred over a geologic time scale of 800 thousand years, transforming the first Middle Pleistocene wolf specimen that is recognized as being morphologically similar to \"Canis lupus\" into today's dog, dingo and gray wolf.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Ecological factors including habitat type, climate, prey specialization and predatory competition has greatly influenced the wolf's genetic population structure and cranio-dental plasticity.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Wolves went through a population bottleneck 20,000 years before present (YBP), which indicates that many wolf populations had gone extinct at a time that coincided with the Last Glacial Maximum and the expansion of modern humans worldwide with their technology for capturing large game.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ The gray wolf (\"Canis lupus\"), also known as the timber wolf or western wolf, is a canine native to the wilderness and remote areas of Eurasia and North America.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ It is the largest extant member of its family, with males averaging and females .", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Like the red wolf, it is distinguished from other \"Canis\" species by its larger size and less pointed features, particularly on the ears and muzzle.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Its winter fur is long and bushy and predominantly a mottled gray in color, although nearly pure white, red, and brown to black also occur.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ \"Mammal Species of the World\" (3rd ed., 2005), a standard reference work in zoology, recognises 38 subspecies of \"C. lupus\"..Gray wolfs are pack hunters.", "Megafaunal wolf __knowledge__ The megafaunal wolf (\"Canis cf.", "Megafaunal wolf __knowledge__ lupus\") was a Late Pleistocene – early Holocene hypercarnivore similar in size to a large extant gray wolf.", "Megafaunal wolf __knowledge__ It had a shorter, broader palate with large carnassial teeth relative to its overall skull size.", "Megafaunal wolf __knowledge__ This adaptation allowed it to predate and scavenge on Pleistocene megafauna.", "Megafaunal wolf __knowledge__ Such an adaption is an example of phenotypic plasticity.", "Megafaunal wolf __knowledge__ In 2007, the words \"megafaunal\" and \"wolf\" appeared separated in the title of a study.", "Megafaunal wolf __knowledge__ In 2013, one of the study co-authors first used the term \"megafaunal wolf\" in a media release.", "Megafaunal wolf __knowledge__ The megafaunal wolf (\"Canis cf.", "Megafaunal wolf __knowledge__ lupus\", where cf.", "Greenland Dog __knowledge__ The Greenland Dog (Greenlandic: \"Kalaallit Qimmiat\", Danish: \"Grønlandshunden\") is a large breed of husky-type dog kept as a sled dog and for hunting polar bear and seal.", "Greenland Dog __knowledge__ They were brought from Siberia to North America by the Thule people 1,000 years ago, along with the Canadian Eskimo Dog that is genetically identical.", "Greenland Dog __knowledge__ The first dogs arrived in the Americas 12,000 years ago.", "Greenland Dog __knowledge__ However, people and their dogs did not settle in the Arctic until the Paleo-Eskimo people 4,500 years ago and then the Thule people 1,000 years ago, both originating from Siberia.", "Greenland Dog __knowledge__ Dogs first appeared in Greenland around 4,000 years ago." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Husky __knowledge__ Husky is a general name for a sled-type of dog used in northern regions, differentiated from other sled-dog types by their fast pulling style.", "Husky __knowledge__ They are an ever-changing cross-breed of the fastest dogs.", "Husky __knowledge__ The Alaskan Malamute, by contrast, is \"the largest and most powerful\" sled dog, and was used for heavier loads.", "Husky __knowledge__ Huskies are used in sled dog racing.", "Husky __knowledge__ In recent years, companies have been marketing tourist treks with dog sledges for adventure travelers in snow regions as well.", "Husky __knowledge__ Huskies are also today kept as pets, and groups work to find new pet homes for retired racing and adventure trekking dogs.", "Husky __knowledge__ The word \"husky\" originated from the word referring to Arctic people in general, Eskimos (a.k.a.", "Husky __knowledge__ Inuit), \"...known as 'huskies', a contraction of 'Huskimos', the pronunciation given to the word 'Eskimos' by the English sailors of trading vessels.\"", "Husky __knowledge__ The use of \"husky\" is recorded from 1852 for dogs kept by Inuit people.", "Husky __knowledge__ Nearly all dogs' genetic closeness to the gray wolf is due to admixture.", "Husky __knowledge__ However, several Arctic breeds also show a genetic closeness with the now-extinct Taimyr wolf of North Asia due to admixture: the Siberian Husky and Greenland dog (which are also historically associated with Arctic human populations) and to a lesser extent, the Shar Pei and Finnish spitz.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ The Shetland Sheepdog, also known as the Sheltie, is a breed of herding dog that originated in the Shetland Islands.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ The original name of this breed was Shetland Collie, but when this caused controversy among the Rough Collie breeders of the time, the breed's name was formally changed to \"Shetland Sheepdog\".", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ This hard-working small dog is intelligent, vocal, excitable, and willing to please.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ The breed was formally recognized by The Kennel Club in 1909.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ Like the Shetland pony and the Shetland sheep, the Shetland Sheepdog is a hardy but diminutive breed, developed to thrive amidst the harsh and meager conditions of its native island.", "Shetland __knowledge__ Shetland (Old Norse: \"Hjaltland\"), also called the Shetland Islands, is a subarctic archipelago that lies northeast of the island of Great Britain and forms part of Scotland in the United Kingdom.", "Shetland __knowledge__ The islands lie some to the northeast of Orkney and southeast of the Faroe Islands.", "Shetland __knowledge__ They form part of the division between the Atlantic Ocean to the west and the North Sea to the east.", "Shetland __knowledge__ The total area is , and the population totalled 23,210 in 2011.", "Shetland __knowledge__ Comprising the Shetland constituency of the Scottish Parliament, Shetland Islands Council is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland; the islands' administrative centre and only burgh is Lerwick, which has also been the capital of Shetland since taking over from Scalloway in 1708.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ The Rough Collie (also known as the Long-Haired Collie) is a long-coated breed of medium to large size dog that in its original form was a type of collie used and bred for herding in Scotland.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ Originating in the 1800s, it is now well known through the works of author Albert Payson Terhune, and through the \"Lassie\" novel, movies, and television shows.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ There is also a smooth-coated variety; some breed organisations, including both the American and the Canadian Kennel Clubs, consider the smooth-coat and rough-coat dogs to be variations of the same breed.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ Rough Collies generally come in shades of sable, merles, and tri-coloured.", "Shetland animal breeds __knowledge__ The Shetland Islands of Scotland have long had their own distinct animal breeds, due to the remoteness of the archipelago.", "Shetland animal breeds __knowledge__ Below is a list of Shetland's domesticated animals.", "Shetland animal breeds __knowledge__ The Shetland pony is a very small, robust breed of pony.", "Shetland animal breeds __knowledge__ Shetlands range in size from a minimum height of approximately 28 (7 hands, 71 cm) to an official maximum height of 42 inches (10.2 hands, 107 cm) at the withers.", "Shetland animal breeds __knowledge__ (11.2 hands, 46 in, 120 cm for American Shetlands) Shetland ponies have heavy coats, short legs and are considered quite intelligent.", "Shetland animal breeds __knowledge__ They are a very strong breed of pony, used for riding, driving, and pack purposes.", "Merle (dog coat) __knowledge__ Merle is a pattern in a dog's coat.", "Merle (dog coat) __knowledge__ \"Merle\" comes in different colors and patterns.", "Merle (dog coat) __knowledge__ Some have blue patches throughout and are considered blue \"merle\"; same with red, and chocolate, although some describe merle as only a \"pattern\".", "Merle (dog coat) __knowledge__ DNA testing identifies the \"Merle\" gene but not the variety of colors and patterns seen in the coats of the dogs with the gene.", "Merle (dog coat) __knowledge__ A dilute black (BB or Bb) dog is generally known as blue, but a dog with a merle coat does not test BB or Bb but still is a blue dilute from the \"merle\" gene The merle gene creates mottled patches of color in a solid or piebald coat, blue or odd-colored eyes, and can affect skin pigment as well.", "Icelandic Sheepdog __knowledge__ The Icelandic Sheepdog is a breed of dog of spitz type originating from the dogs brought to Iceland by the Vikings.", "Icelandic Sheepdog __knowledge__ It is of similar type to the Norwegian Buhund, the Shetland Sheepdog, and the Welsh Corgi.", "Icelandic Sheepdog __knowledge__ They are commonly used to herd sheep in the Icelandic countryside.", "Icelandic Sheepdog __knowledge__ These are the current breed standards: Icelandic Sheepdogs are tough and energetic.", "Icelandic Sheepdog __knowledge__ Hardy and agile, they are extremely useful for herding and driving livestock or finding lost sheep.", "Icelandic Sheepdog __knowledge__ However, the dogs are not known for hunting.", "Icelandic Sheepdog __knowledge__ They are very alert and always give visitors an enthusiastic welcome, without being aggressive.", "Icelandic Sheepdog __knowledge__ Friendly and cheerful, the Icelandic Sheepdog is inquisitive, playful, and unafraid.", "Polish Tatra Sheepdog __knowledge__ The Polish Tatra Sheepdog is a breed of dog introduced into the Tatra Mountains of Southern Poland by Vlachian (Romanian) shepherds.", "Polish Tatra Sheepdog __knowledge__ Tatras are primarily considered livestock guardian dogs.", "Polish Tatra Sheepdog __knowledge__ Their instinct, through hundreds of years of breeding, is to protect livestock, though they easily adopt a family as a flock.", "Polish Tatra Sheepdog __knowledge__ They are a good companion dog as well as a protection dog.", "Polish Tatra Sheepdog __knowledge__ They are not an attack dog, but rather move threats away through intimidation.", "Polish Tatra Sheepdog __knowledge__ They have a loud bark.", "Polish Tatra Sheepdog __knowledge__ They are not all that similar in temperament to their Mountain dog cousins the Kuvasz, Great Pyrenees or Maremma Sheepdog.", "Polish Tatra Sheepdog __knowledge__ They are less aloof than the other breeds, tending to be better tied into their breeding and not as domesticated or inbred as some of their cousins.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ The Labrador Husky is a specific purebred dog.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ It is commonly mistaken for a Husky-Lab mix but in fact, it is its own breed.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ The Labrador Husky was originally brought to Labrador, Canada in the 1300s by the Inuit People.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ Its main purpose was to help the Inuit people survive in a highly demanding environment.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ To do so, the Labrador Husky was trained to pull sleds that transported goods.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ Labrador Huskies are known to be large but gentle dogs.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ The breed can grow to be bigger than the more commonly known Siberian Husky weighing in at 60-100 pounds.", "Labrador Husky __knowledge__ This dog was domesticated by families to serve as a family pet.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A favourite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog, or to perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Additionally, they are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A few kennels breeding their ancestors, the St. John's water dog, were in England.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ At the same time, a combination of the sheep protection policy in Newfoundland and rabies quarantine in the United Kingdom, led to the gradual demise of the St. John's water dog in Canada.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ The genetic basis of coat colour in the Labrador Retriever (a highly popular breed of dog) has been studied in detail, and found to depend on several distinct genes.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ The interplay between these genes is broadly used as an example of epistasis.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ Labrador Retrievers are a popular breed of dog in many countries.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ There are three recognised colours, black, chocolate, and yellow, that result from the interplay among genes that direct production and expression of two pigments, eumelanin and pheomelanin, in the fur and skin of the dog.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ The recognized colours are due to two genes, while a third gene affects the range of colouration observed within the yellow Labrador.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is a large-sized breed of dog bred as gun dogs to retrieve shot waterfowl such as ducks and upland game birds during hunting and shooting parties, and were named 'retriever' because of their ability to retrieve shot game undamaged.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers have an instinctive love of water, and are easy to train to basic or advanced obedience standards.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They are a long-coated breed, with a dense inner coat that provides them with adequate warmth in the outdoors, and an outer coat that lies flat against their bodies and repels water.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers are well suited to residency in suburban or country environments.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ This is a list of Pound Puppies characters from the television series that ran from 1986 to 1989.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ The animated children's show was based on the popular 1980's stuffed toy line.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ Cooler (Beagle/Bloodhound mix) – Cooler is the leader of the Pound Puppies.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ As his name would imply, Cooler has an outgoing and mellow personality and always keeps his head up even in the most daring situations.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ He also has a witty and sharp sense of humor compared to the other characters in the series, which is also backed up by his goofy Eddie Murphy-styled laugh.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ His battle cry is \"Pound Puppies, let's start pounding!\"", "Purebred dog __knowledge__ A purebred dog typically refers to a dog of a modern dog breed with a documented pedigree in a stud book and may be registered with a breed club that may also be part of a national kennel club.", "Purebred dog __knowledge__ \"Purebred dog\" may also be used in a different manner to refer to dogs of specific dog types and landraces that are not modern breeds.", "Purebred dog __knowledge__ An example is cited by biologist Raymond Coppinger, of an Italian shepherd who keeps only the white puppies from his sheep guardian dog's litters, and culls the rest, because he defines the white ones as purebred.", "Purebred dog __knowledge__ Coppinger says, \"The shepherd's definition of pure is not wrong, it is simply different from mine.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Husky __knowledge__ Husky is a general name for a sled-type of dog used in northern regions, differentiated from other sled-dog types by their fast pulling style.", "Husky __knowledge__ They are an ever-changing cross-breed of the fastest dogs.", "Husky __knowledge__ The Alaskan Malamute, by contrast, is \"the largest and most powerful\" sled dog, and was used for heavier loads.", "Husky __knowledge__ Huskies are used in sled dog racing.", "Husky __knowledge__ In recent years, companies have been marketing tourist treks with dog sledges for adventure travelers in snow regions as well.", "Husky __knowledge__ Huskies are also today kept as pets, and groups work to find new pet homes for retired racing and adventure trekking dogs.", "Husky __knowledge__ The word \"husky\" originated from the word referring to Arctic people in general, Eskimos (a.k.a.", "Husky __knowledge__ Inuit), \"...known as 'huskies', a contraction of 'Huskimos', the pronunciation given to the word 'Eskimos' by the English sailors of trading vessels.\"", "Husky __knowledge__ The use of \"husky\" is recorded from 1852 for dogs kept by Inuit people.", "Husky __knowledge__ Nearly all dogs' genetic closeness to the gray wolf is due to admixture.", "Husky __knowledge__ However, several Arctic breeds also show a genetic closeness with the now-extinct Taimyr wolf of North Asia due to admixture: the Siberian Husky and Greenland dog (which are also historically associated with Arctic human populations) and to a lesser extent, the Shar Pei and Finnish spitz.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ The Shetland Sheepdog, also known as the Sheltie, is a breed of herding dog that originated in the Shetland Islands.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ The original name of this breed was Shetland Collie, but when this caused controversy among the Rough Collie breeders of the time, the breed's name was formally changed to \"Shetland Sheepdog\".", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ This hard-working small dog is intelligent, vocal, excitable, and willing to please.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ The breed was formally recognized by The Kennel Club in 1909.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ Like the Shetland pony and the Shetland sheep, the Shetland Sheepdog is a hardy but diminutive breed, developed to thrive amidst the harsh and meager conditions of its native island.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Disney/Pixar's \"Toy Story\" franchise which consists of the animated films \"Toy Story\" (1995), \"Toy Story 2\" (1999), and \"Toy Story 3\" (2010) and the animated short films.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Sheriff Woody Pride is a 1950s old traditional pull string cowboy doll, and Andy's favorite toy.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Appearing in all three \"Toy Story\" films, he usually acts as the leader of the gang.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ His rivalry with Buzz forms the basis of the plot of the first film.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 2\", he is stolen at a yard sale by a toy collector, causing the other toys to embark on a rescue mission.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 3\" he and the other toys are shipped to a daycare center.", "List of 100 Bullets characters __knowledge__ \"100 Bullets\" is a fictional crime drama published by Vertigo imprint of DC Comics.", "List of 100 Bullets characters __knowledge__ As with other noir and pulp characters, both protagonists and antagonists of \"100 Bullets\" are deeply flawed.", "List of 100 Bullets characters __knowledge__ First appeared in issue #5.", "List of 100 Bullets characters __knowledge__ The Trust's most powerful member.", "List of 100 Bullets characters __knowledge__ Augustus is the de facto leader of the thirteen families and has plans to bring peace to the rivalries that plague the Trust.", "List of 100 Bullets characters __knowledge__ Since the death of Daniel Peres, Augustus became even more powerful and has consolidated his position by removing the Peres family from power.", "List of 100 Bullets characters __knowledge__ Other family heads are now plotting against him.", "List of 100 Bullets characters __knowledge__ Through Shepherd, Augustus monitored Graves and his schemes, as well as his son.", "Battle of Slim Buttes __knowledge__ The Battle of Slim Buttes was fought on September 9 and 10, 1876, in the Great Sioux Reservation in the Dakota Territory, between the United States Army and the Sioux.", "Battle of Slim Buttes __knowledge__ The Battle of Slim Buttes was the first U.S. Army victory of the Great Sioux War of 1876 after George Armstrong Custer's defeat at the Battle of Little Bighorn on June 25 and 26, 1876.", "Battle of Slim Buttes __knowledge__ Brigadier General George Crook, one of the U.S. Army’s ablest Indian fighters, led the \"Horsemeat March,\" one of the most grueling military expeditions in U.S. history, destroying Oglala Chief American Horse’s village at Slim Buttes and repelling a counter-attack by Crazy Horse.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ The Rough Collie (also known as the Long-Haired Collie) is a long-coated breed of medium to large size dog that in its original form was a type of collie used and bred for herding in Scotland.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ Originating in the 1800s, it is now well known through the works of author Albert Payson Terhune, and through the \"Lassie\" novel, movies, and television shows.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ There is also a smooth-coated variety; some breed organisations, including both the American and the Canadian Kennel Clubs, consider the smooth-coat and rough-coat dogs to be variations of the same breed.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ Rough Collies generally come in shades of sable, merles, and tri-coloured.", "Action potential __knowledge__ In physiology, an action potential occurs when the membrane potential of a specific axon location rapidly rises and falls: this depolarisation then causes adjacent locations to similarly depolarise.", "Action potential __knowledge__ Action potentials occur in several types of animal cells, called excitable cells, which include neurons, muscle cells, endocrine cells, and in some plant cells.", "Action potential __knowledge__ In neurons, action potentials play a central role in cell-to-cell communication by providing for—or, with regard to saltatory conduction, assisting—the propagation of signals along the neuron's axon towards synaptic boutons situated at the ends of an axon; these signals can then connect with other neurons at synapses, or to motor cells or glands.", "Acepromazine __knowledge__ Acepromazine, acetopromazine or acetylpromazine (more commonly known as ACP, Ace, or by the trade names Atravet or Acezine 2, number depending on mg/ml dose) is a phenothiazine derivative antipsychotic drug.", "Acepromazine __knowledge__ It was tested in humans in the 1950s as an antipsychotic, but is now almost exclusively used on animals as a sedative and antiemetic.", "Acepromazine __knowledge__ Its closely related analogue, chlorpromazine, is still used as an antipsychotic in humans.", "Acepromazine __knowledge__ Acepromazine is used primarily as a chemical restraint in hyperactive or fractious animals.", "Acepromazine __knowledge__ However, it does not relieve anxiety, and some believe it may make anxiety worse in the long run if used on an anxious animal (for example, thunderstorm phobias).", "Warren Zevon __knowledge__ Warren William Zevon (; January 24, 1947 – September 7, 2003) was an American rock singer-songwriter and musician.", "Warren Zevon __knowledge__ Zevon's compositions include \"Werewolves of London\", \"Lawyers, Guns and Money\", \"Roland the Headless Thompson Gunner\" and \"Johnny Strikes Up the Band\", all of which are featured on his third album, \"Excitable Boy\" (1978).", "Warren Zevon __knowledge__ He also wrote major hits that were recorded by other artists, including \"Poor Poor Pitiful Me\", \"Accidentally Like a Martyr\", \"Mohammed's Radio\", \"Carmelita\", and \"Hasten Down the Wind\".", "Warren Zevon __knowledge__ Along with his own compositions, Zevon recorded or performed occasional covers, including Allen Toussaint's \"A Certain Girl\", Bob Dylan's \"Knockin' on Heaven's Door\" and Leonard Cohen's \"First We Take Manhattan\".", "Adimadhyantham __knowledge__ Adimadhyantham (meaning: \"The Beginning, The Middle and The End\") is a 2011 Malayalam film written and directed by debutant Sherrey and produced by P. Rasheed, starring Prajith and Sajitha Madathil in the lead roles.", "Adimadhyantham __knowledge__ \"Adimadhyantham\" won a special mention award at the 59th National Film Awards.", "Adimadhyantham __knowledge__ The film is yet to get a theatrical release, but received generally positive reviews in its premiere show.", "Adimadhyantham __knowledge__ It was the only Malayalam film selected to compete in the 16th International Film Festival of Kerala, but was later ousted on technical grounds, and after a huge scandal, was included for a non-competition screening.", "Membrane potential __knowledge__ The term \"membrane potential\" may refer to one of three kinds of membrane potential: Membrane potential (also transmembrane potential or membrane voltage) is the difference in electric potential between the interior and the exterior of a biological cell.", "Membrane potential __knowledge__ With respect to the exterior of the cell, typical values of membrane potential range from –40 mV to –80 mV.", "Membrane potential __knowledge__ All animal cells are surrounded by a membrane composed of a lipid bilayer with proteins embedded in it.", "Membrane potential __knowledge__ The membrane serves as both an insulator and a diffusion barrier to the movement of ions.", "Membrane potential __knowledge__ Transmembrane proteins, also known as ion transporter or ion pump proteins, actively push ions across the membrane and establish concentration gradients across the membrane, and ion channels allow ions to move across the membrane down those concentration gradients." ] ]

[ 11, 11, 17, 14, 16 ]

[ "I've never met a dog I didn't like. Huskies are great dogs, related to the now-extinct Taimyr wolf.", "Most dogs are related to the gray wolf, but some Arctic breeds, like the Husky, are related to the Taimyr wolf, which was from North Asia. ", "I've never owned a Husky, but I do have a yellow Labrador Retriever. He's cute but dumb. There's actually a purebred dog that's called Labrador Husky!", "Shelties are wonderful! Were your Shelties intelligent, vocal, and excitable? ", "Shelties look like little collies. Their bodies are so small, but they are a hardy breed. I guess they have to be, since they evolved to thrive in the harsh conditions of the Shetland Islands." ]

[ "Husky", "Husky", "Husky", "Husky", "Husky" ]

[ "Scuba diving", "yes i like scuba diving", "wow i havent been that deep before", "thats why i always wanted to be a fish, i love water" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba diving is a form of underwater diving where the diver uses a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) which is completely independent of surface supply, to breathe underwater.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba divers carry their own source of breathing gas, usually compressed air, allowing them greater independence and freedom of movement than surface-supplied divers, and longer underwater endurance than breath-hold divers.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Open circuit scuba systems discharge the breathing gas into the environment as it is exhaled, and consist of one or more diving cylinders containing breathing gas at high pressure which is supplied to the diver through a regulator.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ They may include additional cylinders for decompression gas or emergency breathing gas.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Closed-circuit or semi-closed circuit rebreather scuba systems allow recycling of exhaled gases.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ The volume of gas used is reduced compared to that of open circuit, so a smaller cylinder or cylinders may be used for an equivalent dive duration.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Rebreathers extend the time spent underwater compared to open circuit for the same gas consumption, they produce fewer bubbles and less noise than scuba which makes them attractive to covert military divers to avoid detection, scientific divers to avoid disturbing marine animals, and media divers to avoid bubble interference." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba diving is a form of underwater diving where the diver uses a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) which is completely independent of surface supply, to breathe underwater.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba divers carry their own source of breathing gas, usually compressed air, allowing them greater independence and freedom of movement than surface-supplied divers, and longer underwater endurance than breath-hold divers.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Open circuit scuba systems discharge the breathing gas into the environment as it is exhaled, and consist of one or more diving cylinders containing breathing gas at high pressure which is supplied to the diver through a regulator.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ They may include additional cylinders for decompression gas or emergency breathing gas.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Closed-circuit or semi-closed circuit rebreather scuba systems allow recycling of exhaled gases.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ The volume of gas used is reduced compared to that of open circuit, so a smaller cylinder or cylinders may be used for an equivalent dive duration.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Rebreathers extend the time spent underwater compared to open circuit for the same gas consumption, they produce fewer bubbles and less noise than scuba which makes them attractive to covert military divers to avoid detection, scientific divers to avoid disturbing marine animals, and media divers to avoid bubble interference.", "Scuba set __knowledge__ A scuba set is any breathing apparatus that is carried entirely by an underwater diver and provides the diver with breathing gas at the ambient pressure.", "Scuba set __knowledge__ (Scuba is an anacronym for self-contained underwater breathing apparatus.)", "Scuba set __knowledge__ Although strictly speaking the scuba set is only the diving equipment which is required for providing breathing gas to the diver, general usage includes the harness by which it is carried, and those accessories which are integral parts of the harness and breathing apparatus assembly, such as a jacket or wing style buoyancy compensator and instruments mounted in a combined housing with the pressure gauge, and in the looser sense it has been used to refer to any diving equipment used by the scuba diver, though this would more commonly and accurately be termed scuba equipment.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Underwater diving, as a human activity, is the practice of descending below the water's surface to interact with the environment.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Immersion in water and exposure to high ambient pressure have physiological effects that limit the depths and duration possible in ambient pressure diving.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Humans are not physiologically and anatomically well adapted to the environmental conditions of diving, and various equipment has been developed to extend the depth and duration of human dives, and allow different types of work to be done.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ In ambient pressure diving, the diver is directly exposed to the pressure of the surrounding water.", "Recreational diving __knowledge__ Recreational diving or sport diving is diving for the purpose of leisure and enjoyment, usually when using scuba equipment.", "Recreational diving __knowledge__ The term \"recreational diving\" may also be used in contradistinction to \"technical diving\", a more demanding aspect of recreational diving which requires greater levels of training, experience and equipment to compensate for the more hazardous conditions associated with the disciplines.", "Recreational diving __knowledge__ Breath-hold diving for recreation also fits into the broader scope of the term, but this article covers the commonly used meaning of \"scuba diving for recreational purposes, where the diver is not constrained from making a direct near-vertical ascent to the surface at any point during the dive\".", "Buddy diving __knowledge__ Buddy diving is the use of the buddy system by scuba divers and is a set of safety procedures that are intended to improve divers' chances of avoiding or surviving accidents in or under water by diving in a group of two or sometimes three divers.", "Buddy diving __knowledge__ When using the buddy system, members of the group dive together and co-operate with each other, so that they can help or rescue each other in the event of an emergency.", "Buddy diving __knowledge__ This is most effective if the divers are both competent in all the relevant skills and are sufficiently aware of the situation to be able to respond in time, which is a matter of both attitude and competence.", "Introductory diving __knowledge__ Introductory diving, also known as trial diving and resort diving are dives where people without diver training or certification can experience scuba diving under the guidance of a recreational diving instructor.", "Introductory diving __knowledge__ Introductory diving is an opportunity for interested people to find out by practical experience if they would be interested in greater involvement in scuba diving.", "Introductory diving __knowledge__ For scuba instructors and diving schools is it an opportunity to acquire new customers.", "Introductory diving __knowledge__ An introductory diving experience is much less time-consuming and costly than the completion of autonomous diver training, but has little lasting value, as it is an experience program only, for which no certification is issued.", "Scuba skills __knowledge__ Scuba skills are the skills required to dive safely using self-contained underwater breathing apparatus, (scuba).", "Scuba skills __knowledge__ Most of these skills are relevant to both open circuit and rebreather scuba, and many are also relevant to surface-supplied diving.", "Scuba skills __knowledge__ Those skills which are critical to the safety of the diver may require more practice than is usually provided during training to achieve reliable long-term proficiency Some of the skills are generally accepted by recreational diver certification agencies as necessary for any scuba diver to be considered competent to dive without direct supervision, and others are more advanced, though some diver certification and accreditation organizations may consider some of these to also be essential for minimum acceptable entry level competence.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ A diving cylinder, scuba tank or diving tank is a gas cylinder used to store and transport the high pressure breathing gas required by a scuba set.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ It may also be used for surface-supplied diving or as decompression gas or an emergency gas supply for surface supplied diving or scuba.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ Cylinders provide gas to the diver through the demand valve of a diving regulator or the breathing loop of a diving rebreather.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ Diving cylinders are usually manufactured from aluminium or steel alloys, and are normally fitted with one of two common types of cylinder valve for filling and connection to the regulator.", "Surface-supplied diving __knowledge__ Surface-supplied diving is diving using equipment supplied with breathing gas using a diver's umbilical from the surface, either from the shore or from a diving support vessel, sometimes indirectly via a diving bell.", "Surface-supplied diving __knowledge__ This is different from scuba diving, where the diver's breathing equipment is completely self-contained and there is no link to the surface.", "Surface-supplied diving __knowledge__ The primary advantages of conventional surface supplied diving are lower risk of drowning and considerably larger breathing gas supply than scuba, allowing longer working periods and safer decompression.", "Surface-supplied diving __knowledge__ The copper helmeted free-flow standard diving dress is the version which made commercial diving a viable occupation, and although still used in some regions, this heavy equipment has been superseded by lighter free-flow helmets, and to a large extent, lightweight demand helmets, band masks and full-face diving masks.", "Diving regulator __knowledge__ A diving regulator is a pressure regulator that reduces pressurized breathing gas to ambient pressure and delivers it to the diver.", "Diving regulator __knowledge__ The gas may be air or one of a variety of specially blended breathing gases.", "Diving regulator __knowledge__ The gas may be supplied from a scuba cylinder carried by the diver or via a hose from a compressor or high pressure storage cylinders at the surface in surface-supplied diving.", "Diving regulator __knowledge__ A gas pressure regulator has one or more valves in series which reduce pressure from the source, and use the downstream pressure as feedback to control the rate of flow and thereby the delivered pressure, lowering the pressure at each stage." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba diving is a form of underwater diving where the diver uses a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) which is completely independent of surface supply, to breathe underwater.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba divers carry their own source of breathing gas, usually compressed air, allowing them greater independence and freedom of movement than surface-supplied divers, and longer underwater endurance than breath-hold divers.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Open circuit scuba systems discharge the breathing gas into the environment as it is exhaled, and consist of one or more diving cylinders containing breathing gas at high pressure which is supplied to the diver through a regulator.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ They may include additional cylinders for decompression gas or emergency breathing gas.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Closed-circuit or semi-closed circuit rebreather scuba systems allow recycling of exhaled gases.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ The volume of gas used is reduced compared to that of open circuit, so a smaller cylinder or cylinders may be used for an equivalent dive duration.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Rebreathers extend the time spent underwater compared to open circuit for the same gas consumption, they produce fewer bubbles and less noise than scuba which makes them attractive to covert military divers to avoid detection, scientific divers to avoid disturbing marine animals, and media divers to avoid bubble interference.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ WOW - Women Of Wrestling, aka WOW!, is a women's professional wrestling promotion founded in 2000 by David McLane, previously the founder of Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ It is based in Los Angeles, California, and is owned by McLane and Los Angeles Lakers owner and president Jeanie Buss.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ The promotion launched a series of syndicated programs in the 2000-01 television seasons in 102 TV markets using a similar format of character driven performers, with names befitting a comic book series, such as Jungle Grrrl, an inmate tag-team complete with orange jump suits named Caged Heat, a Hollywood starlet named Lana Star, and the Persian Princess.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Underwater diving, as a human activity, is the practice of descending below the water's surface to interact with the environment.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Immersion in water and exposure to high ambient pressure have physiological effects that limit the depths and duration possible in ambient pressure diving.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Humans are not physiologically and anatomically well adapted to the environmental conditions of diving, and various equipment has been developed to extend the depth and duration of human dives, and allow different types of work to be done.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ In ambient pressure diving, the diver is directly exposed to the pressure of the surrounding water.", "Physiology of underwater diving __knowledge__ Physiology of underwater diving is the physiological influences of the underwater environment on the physiology of air-breathing animals, and the adaptations to operating underwater, both during breath-hold dives and while breathing at ambient pressure from a suitable breathing gas supply.", "Physiology of underwater diving __knowledge__ It, therefore, includes both the physiology of breath-hold diving in humans and other air-breathing animals, and the range of physiological effects generally limited to human ambient pressure divers either freediving or using underwater breathing apparatus.", "Physiology of underwater diving __knowledge__ Several factors influence the diver, including immersion, exposure to the water, the limitations of breath-hold endurance, variations in ambient pressure, the effects of breathing gases at raised ambient pressure, effects caused by the use of breathing apparatus, and sensory impairment.", "Decompression theory __knowledge__ Decompression theory is the study and modelling of the transfer of the inert gas component of breathing gases from the gas in the lungs to the tissues and back during exposure to variations in ambient pressure.", "Decompression theory __knowledge__ In the case of underwater diving and compressed air work, this mostly involves ambient pressures greater than the local surface pressure, but astronauts, high altitude mountaineers, and travellers in aircraft which are not pressurised to sea level pressure, are generally exposed to ambient pressures less than standard sea level atmospheric pressure.", "Decompression theory __knowledge__ In all cases, the symptoms caused by decompression occur during or within a relatively short period of hours, or occasionally days, after a significant pressure reduction.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The safety of underwater diving depends on four factors: the environment, the equipment, behaviour of the individual diver and performance of the dive team.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The underwater environment can impose severe physical and psychological stress on a diver, and is mostly beyond the diver's control.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ Equipment is used to operate underwater for anything beyond very short periods, and the reliable function of some of the equipment is critical to even short term survival.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ Other equipment allows the diver to operate in relative comfort and efficiency.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The performance of the individual diver depends on learned skills, many of which are not intuitive, and the performance of the team depends on communication and common goals.", "Decompression sickness __knowledge__ Decompression sickness (DCS; also known as divers' disease, the bends or caisson disease) describes a condition arising from dissolved gases coming out of solution into bubbles inside the body on depressurisation.", "Decompression sickness __knowledge__ DCS most commonly refers to problems arising from underwater diving decompression (i.e., during ascent), but may be experienced in other depressurisation events such as emerging from a caisson, flying in an unpressurised aircraft at altitude, and extravehicular activity from spacecraft.", "Decompression sickness __knowledge__ DCS and arterial gas embolism are collectively referred to as decompression illness.", "Decompression sickness __knowledge__ Since bubbles can form in or migrate to any part of the body, DCS can produce many symptoms, and its effects may vary from joint pain and rashes to paralysis and death.", "Diving regulator __knowledge__ A diving regulator is a pressure regulator that reduces pressurized breathing gas to ambient pressure and delivers it to the diver.", "Diving regulator __knowledge__ The gas may be air or one of a variety of specially blended breathing gases.", "Diving regulator __knowledge__ The gas may be supplied from a scuba cylinder carried by the diver or via a hose from a compressor or high pressure storage cylinders at the surface in surface-supplied diving.", "Diving regulator __knowledge__ A gas pressure regulator has one or more valves in series which reduce pressure from the source, and use the downstream pressure as feedback to control the rate of flow and thereby the delivered pressure, lowering the pressure at each stage." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba diving is a form of underwater diving where the diver uses a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) which is completely independent of surface supply, to breathe underwater.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba divers carry their own source of breathing gas, usually compressed air, allowing them greater independence and freedom of movement than surface-supplied divers, and longer underwater endurance than breath-hold divers.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Open circuit scuba systems discharge the breathing gas into the environment as it is exhaled, and consist of one or more diving cylinders containing breathing gas at high pressure which is supplied to the diver through a regulator.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ They may include additional cylinders for decompression gas or emergency breathing gas.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Closed-circuit or semi-closed circuit rebreather scuba systems allow recycling of exhaled gases.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ The volume of gas used is reduced compared to that of open circuit, so a smaller cylinder or cylinders may be used for an equivalent dive duration.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Rebreathers extend the time spent underwater compared to open circuit for the same gas consumption, they produce fewer bubbles and less noise than scuba which makes them attractive to covert military divers to avoid detection, scientific divers to avoid disturbing marine animals, and media divers to avoid bubble interference.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Straight Talk with Ross Mathews __knowledge__ Straight Talk with Ross Mathews (STWR) is a weekly podcast described as \"Advice & LOLs from the Gay Best Friend You Wish You Had and Know You Need,\" hosted by Ross Mathews.", "Straight Talk with Ross Mathews __knowledge__ The audio podcasts are typically between an hour to an hour and a half in length and feature celebrity interviews and discussion on pop-culture and current events.", "Straight Talk with Ross Mathews __knowledge__ The show was first released on November 11, 2014.", "Straight Talk with Ross Mathews __knowledge__ The show's theme song is \"Straight Talk\" by Dolly Parton.", "Straight Talk with Ross Mathews __knowledge__ The program features many different segments including: Pre-Podcast Prayer Circle, Press-Conference, Snack Attack!, Weight-Update, Are You Smarter Than Mark, Trending with Daria, Nikki B. Trending, Minute Mark, United Straights of America, Teen Talk with Jordan, Balls Deep with Fagsy, Movie Critic Bill's Movie Reviews, BrendaGnocchi!", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (, lit: \"How many knots are left to untie?\")", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ is a Pakistani drama series, airs on Hum TV.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Created by Angeline Malik, the series is a sequel of the anthology series \"Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain\" (20112014).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It premiered on 30 October 2016 with a different cast and different story.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It revolves around a married couple, Saba (Hira Salman) and Kamran (Hassan Ahmed).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ They ask Jameela (servant) to give another servant duty if he/she is interested.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She suppresses Rozi (Ushna Shah).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Saba is strict with her servants especially with Rozi.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She drinks water in Saba's glass, to which JHOOTA BURTAN has been derived.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Underwater diving, as a human activity, is the practice of descending below the water's surface to interact with the environment.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Immersion in water and exposure to high ambient pressure have physiological effects that limit the depths and duration possible in ambient pressure diving.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Humans are not physiologically and anatomically well adapted to the environmental conditions of diving, and various equipment has been developed to extend the depth and duration of human dives, and allow different types of work to be done.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ In ambient pressure diving, the diver is directly exposed to the pressure of the surrounding water.", "Human factors in diving safety __knowledge__ Human factors are the physical or cognitive properties of individuals, or social behavior which is specific to humans, and influence functioning of technological systems as well as human-environment equilibria.", "Human factors in diving safety __knowledge__ The safety of underwater diving operations can be improved by reducing the frequency of human error and the consequences when it does occur.", "Human factors in diving safety __knowledge__ Human error can be defined as an individual's deviation from acceptable or desirable practice which culminates in undesirable or unexpected results.", "Human factors in diving safety __knowledge__ Dive safety is primarily a function of four factors: the environment, equipment, individual diver performance and dive team performance.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The safety of underwater diving depends on four factors: the environment, the equipment, behaviour of the individual diver and performance of the dive team.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The underwater environment can impose severe physical and psychological stress on a diver, and is mostly beyond the diver's control.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ Equipment is used to operate underwater for anything beyond very short periods, and the reliable function of some of the equipment is critical to even short term survival.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ Other equipment allows the diver to operate in relative comfort and efficiency.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The performance of the individual diver depends on learned skills, many of which are not intuitive, and the performance of the team depends on communication and common goals.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Ecology __knowledge__ Ecology (from , \"house\", or \"environment\"; -λογία, \"study of\") is the scientific study of interactions among organisms and their environment.", "Ecology __knowledge__ It is an interdisciplinary field that straddles biology, geography, and Earth science.", "Ecology __knowledge__ Objects of study include interactions of organisms with each other and with abiotic components of their environment.", "Ecology __knowledge__ Topics of interest include the biodiversity, distribution, biomass, and populations of organisms, as well as cooperation and competition within and between species.", "Ecology __knowledge__ Ecosystems are dynamically interacting systems of organisms, the communities they make up, and the non-living components of their environment.", "Quaternary extinction event __knowledge__ The Quaternary period saw the extinctions of numerous predominantly megafaunal species, which resulted in a collapse in faunal density and diversity, and the extinction of key ecological strata across the globe.", "Quaternary extinction event __knowledge__ The most prominent event in the Late Pleistocene is differentiated from previous Quaternary pulse extinctions by the widespread absence of ecological succession to replace these extinct species, and the regime shift of previously established faunal relationships and habitats as a consequence.", "Quaternary extinction event __knowledge__ The earliest casualties were incurred at 130,000 BCE (the start of the Late Pleistocene), however the great majority of extinctions in Afro-Eurasia and the Americas occurred during the transition from the Pleistocene to the Holocene epoch (13,000 BCE to 8,000 BCE)." ] ]

[ 2, 12, 46, 66 ]

[ "Have you ever been underwater? Scuba divers carry their own source of breathing gas,", "Unfortunately, Immersion in water and exposure to high ambient pressure have physiological effects", " Humans are not physiologically and anatomically well adapted to the environmental conditions of diving", "One way to enjoy is Ecology (from , \"house\", or \"environment\"; -λογία, \"study of\") the scientific study of interactions" ]

[ "Scuba diving", "Scuba diving", "Scuba diving", "Scuba diving" ]

[ "Yellowstone National Park\nIm thinking about taking a trip to yellowstone national park.", "I have heard that you can set your clock using the geyser. ", "That is really interesting! I wonder if they have any festivals there", "If I recall Yogi bear is supposed to come from Jellystone a parody of YellowStone" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Yellowstone National Park is a national park located in the U.S. states of Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ It was established by the U.S. Congress and signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant on March 1, 1872.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Yellowstone was the first national park in the U.S. and is also widely held to be the first national park in the world.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ The park is known for its wildlife and its many geothermal features, especially Old Faithful geyser, one of its most popular features.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ It has many types of ecosystems, but the subalpine forest is the most abundant.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ It is part of the South Central Rockies forests ecoregion.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Native Americans have lived in the Yellowstone region for at least 11,000 years.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Aside from visits by mountain men during the early-to-mid-19th century, organized exploration did not begin until the late 1860s.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Management and control of the park originally fell under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of the Interior, the first being Columbus Delano.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ However, the U.S. Army was subsequently commissioned to oversee management of Yellowstone for a 30-year period between 1886 and 1916.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ In 1917, administration of the park was transferred to the National Park Service, which had been created the previous year.", "Grand Teton National Park __knowledge__ Grand Teton National Park is a United States National Park in northwestern Wyoming.", "Grand Teton National Park __knowledge__ At approximately , the park includes the major peaks of the Teton Range as well as most of the northern sections of the valley known as Jackson Hole.", "Grand Teton National Park __knowledge__ It is only south of Yellowstone National Park, to which it is connected by the National Park Service-managed John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial Parkway.", "Grand Teton National Park __knowledge__ Along with surrounding National Forests, these three protected areas constitute the almost Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, one of the world's largest intact mid-latitude temperate ecosystems.", "Grand Teton National Park __knowledge__ Human history of the Grand Teton region dates back at least 11,000 years, when the first nomadic hunter-gatherer Paleo-Indians began migrating into the region during warmer months pursuing food and supplies.", "List of animals of Yellowstone __knowledge__ Yellowstone National Park in the northwest United States is home to a large variety of mammals, birds, fish, reptiles and amphibians, many of which migrate within the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem.", "List of animals of Yellowstone __knowledge__ These animals are a major park attraction.", "List of animals of Yellowstone __knowledge__ Bison are the largest grazing mammals in Yellowstone National Park.", "List of animals of Yellowstone __knowledge__ They are obligate herbivores, a grazer of grasslands and sedges in the meadows, the foothills, and even the high-elevation, forested plateaus of Yellowstone.", "List of animals of Yellowstone __knowledge__ Bison males, called bulls, can weigh upwards of 1,800 pounds.", "List of animals of Yellowstone __knowledge__ Females (cows) average about 1,300 pounds.", "List of animals of Yellowstone __knowledge__ Both stand approximately six feet tall at the shoulder, and can move with surprising speed to defend their young or when approached too closely by people.", "History of wolves in Yellowstone __knowledge__ When Yellowstone National Park was created in 1872, gray wolf (\"Canis lupus\") populations were already in decline in Montana, Wyoming and Idaho.", "History of wolves in Yellowstone __knowledge__ The creation of the national park did not provide protection for wolves or other predators, and government predator control programs in the first decades of the 1900s essentially helped eliminate the gray wolf from Yellowstone.", "History of wolves in Yellowstone __knowledge__ The last wolves were killed in Yellowstone in 1926.", "History of wolves in Yellowstone __knowledge__ After that time, sporadic reports of wolves still occurred, but scientists confirmed that sustainable wolf populations had been extirpated and were absent from Yellowstone during the mid-1900s.", "Angling in Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Angling in Yellowstone National Park is a major reason many visitors come to the park each year and since it was created in 1872, the park has drawn anglers from around the world to fish its waters.", "Angling in Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ In 2006, over 50,000 park fishing permits were issued to visitors.", "Angling in Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ The park contains hundreds of miles of accessible, high-quality trout rivers containing wild trout populations—over 200 creeks, streams and rivers are fishable.", "Angling in Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ There are 45 fishable lakes and several large lakes are easily accessible to visitors.", "Angling in Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Additionally, the park's remote sections provide anglers ample opportunity to visit rivers, streams, creeks and lakes that receive little angling pressure.", "Fort Yellowstone __knowledge__ Fort Yellowstone was a U.S. Army fort, established in 1891 at Mammoth Hot Springs in Yellowstone National Park.", "Fort Yellowstone __knowledge__ Yellowstone was designated in 1872 but the Interior Department was unable to effectively manage the park.", "Fort Yellowstone __knowledge__ Administration was transferred to the War Department in August 1886 and General Philip Sheridan sent a company of cavalry to Mammoth Hot Springs to build a cavalry post.", "Fort Yellowstone __knowledge__ The army originally called the post \"Camp Sheridan\" in honor of General Sheridan but the name was changed to Fort Yellowstone in 1891 when construction of the permanent fort commenced.", "Fort Yellowstone __knowledge__ The army administered the park until 1918 when it was transferred to the newly created National Park Service.", "Shoshone National Forest __knowledge__ Shoshone National Forest ( ) is the first federally protected National Forest in the United States and covers nearly in the state of Wyoming.", "Shoshone National Forest __knowledge__ Originally a part of the Yellowstone Timberland Reserve, the forest is managed by the United States Forest Service and was created by an act of Congress and signed into law by U.S. President Benjamin Harrison in 1891.", "Shoshone National Forest __knowledge__ Shoshone National Forest is one of the first nationally protected land areas anywhere.", "Shoshone National Forest __knowledge__ Native Americans have lived in the region for at least 10,000 years, and when the region was first explored by European adventurers, forestlands were occupied by several different tribes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Yellowstone National Park is a national park located in the U.S. states of Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ It was established by the U.S. Congress and signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant on March 1, 1872.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Yellowstone was the first national park in the U.S. and is also widely held to be the first national park in the world.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ The park is known for its wildlife and its many geothermal features, especially Old Faithful geyser, one of its most popular features.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ It has many types of ecosystems, but the subalpine forest is the most abundant.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ It is part of the South Central Rockies forests ecoregion.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Native Americans have lived in the Yellowstone region for at least 11,000 years.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Aside from visits by mountain men during the early-to-mid-19th century, organized exploration did not begin until the late 1860s.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Management and control of the park originally fell under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of the Interior, the first being Columbus Delano.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ However, the U.S. Army was subsequently commissioned to oversee management of Yellowstone for a 30-year period between 1886 and 1916.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ In 1917, administration of the park was transferred to the National Park Service, which had been created the previous year.", "Geyser __knowledge__ A geyser (; or ) is a spring characterized by intermittent discharge of water ejected turbulently and accompanied by steam.", "Geyser __knowledge__ As a fairly rare phenomenon, the formation of geysers is due to particular hydrogeological conditions that exist only in a few places on Earth.", "Geyser __knowledge__ Generally all geyser field sites are located near active volcanic areas, and the geyser effect is due to the proximity of magma.", "Geyser __knowledge__ Generally, surface water works its way down to an average depth of around where it contacts hot rocks.", "Geyser __knowledge__ The resultant boiling of the pressurized water results in the geyser effect of hot water and steam spraying out of the geyser's surface vent (a hydrothermal explosion).", "Geothermal areas of Yellowstone __knowledge__ The geothermal areas of Yellowstone include several geyser basins in Yellowstone National Park as well as other geothermal features such as hot springs, mud pots, and fumaroles.", "Geothermal areas of Yellowstone __knowledge__ The number of thermal features in Yellowstone is estimated at 10,000.", "Geothermal areas of Yellowstone __knowledge__ A study that was completed in 2011 found that a total of 1,283 geysers have erupted in Yellowstone, 465 of which are active during an average year.", "Geothermal areas of Yellowstone __knowledge__ These are distributed among nine geyser basins, with a few geysers found in smaller thermal areas throughout the Park.", "Geothermal areas of Yellowstone __knowledge__ The number of geysers in each geyser basin are as follows: Upper Geyser Basin (410), Midway Geyser Basin (59), Lower Geyser Basin (283), Norris Geyser Basin (193), West Thumb Geyser Basin (84), Gibbon Geyser Basin (24), Lone Star Geyser Basin (21), Shoshone Geyser Basin (107), Heart Lake Geyser Basin (69), other areas (33).", "Albert Geyser __knowledge__ Albertus (Albert) Stephanus Geyser (10 February 1918 – 13 June 1985) was a South African cleric, scholar and anti-apartheid theologian.", "Albert Geyser __knowledge__ Geyser was a deeply religious man who died an outcast of the Afrikaner community because of his unshakeable opposition to apartheid.", "Albert Geyser __knowledge__ A brilliant scholar with master's degrees in Greek, Latin and French, he was appointed professor at the age of 27 in the Theological Faculty of the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk (NHK) at the University of Pretoria.", "Albert Geyser __knowledge__ He paid the price for being one of the first Afrikaner nationalists to speak out against the Broederbond and apartheid on theological grounds.", "Magi Nation (video game) __knowledge__ Magi Nation is a video game released in 2001 for the Game Boy Color.", "Magi Nation (video game) __knowledge__ The game, published by Interactive Imagination, is based on the collectible card game of the same name.", "Magi Nation (video game) __knowledge__ \"Magi Nation\" was released in the twilight of the Pokémon craze, as the popularity of the franchise was beginning to decline.", "Magi Nation (video game) __knowledge__ The game managed to sell about 100,000 copies.", "Magi Nation (video game) __knowledge__ The game itself was a marketing advancement in order to give attention to Interactive Imagination's flagship card game, Magi-Nation Duel.", "Magi Nation (video game) __knowledge__ The game was originally released in the U.S., and included a promo card of the game's protagonist, Tony Jones, who becomes a hero in the card game's canonical mythology.", "Grotto Geyser __knowledge__ Grotto Geyser is a fountain-type geyser located in the Upper Geyser Basin in Yellowstone National Park in the United States.", "Grotto Geyser __knowledge__ Grotto Geyser is the namesake for the group of geysers that includes Grotto Fountain Geyser, South Grotto Fountain Geyser, Indicator Spring, Spa Geyser, and Rocket Geyser.", "Grotto Geyser __knowledge__ On September 18, 1870 members of the Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition entered the Upper Geyser Basin where in a day and a half of exploration, they named seven geysers of which \"Grotto\" was one.", "Grotto Geyser __knowledge__ Nathaniel P. Langford described the \"Grotto\" in his 1871 Scribner's account: \"The Grotto\" was so named from its singular crater of vitrified sinter, full of large, sinuous apertures.", "Whakarewarewa __knowledge__ Whakarewarewa (reduced version of Te Whakarewarewatanga O Te Ope Taua A Wahiao, meaning \"The gathering place for the war parties of Wahiao\", often abbreviated to Whaka by locals) is a geothermal area within Rotorua city in the Taupo Volcanic Zone of New Zealand.", "Whakarewarewa __knowledge__ This was the site of the Māori fortress of Te Puia, first occupied around 1325, and known as an impenetrable stronghold never taken in battle.", "Whakarewarewa __knowledge__ Māori have lived here ever since, taking full advantage of the geothermal activity in the valley for heating and cooking.", "Whakarewarewa __knowledge__ Whakarewarewa has some 500 pools, most of which are alkaline chloride hot springs, and at least 65 geyser vents, each with their own name.", "Mars Geyser Hopper __knowledge__ The Mars Geyser Hopper (MGH) is a NASA design reference mission for a Discovery-class spacecraft concept that would investigate the springtime carbon dioxide Martian geysers found in regions around the south pole of Mars.", "Mars Geyser Hopper __knowledge__ The power technology that MGH proposed to use was the ASRG.", "Mars Geyser Hopper __knowledge__ NASA finished the ASRG design and made one test unit of the device but the program was concluded by the mid-2010s.", "Mars Geyser Hopper __knowledge__ Neither InSight nor any of the next Discovery's semi-finalists use the ASRG or an RTG due to high demand and limited supply of the type of plutonium it relies on.", "Mars Geyser Hopper __knowledge__ The Discovery program was started in the 1990s following discussions at NASA for a new program, and has achieved such missions as \"Genesis\", \"Deep Impact\" and \"Kepler\" among others; this is the program this mission was designed for selection in, at least initially.", "Montana __knowledge__ Montana is a state in the northwestern region of the United States.", "Montana __knowledge__ Montana has several nicknames, although none official, including \"Big Sky Country\" and \"The Treasure State\", and slogans that include \"Land of the Shining Mountains\" and more recently \"The Last Best Place\".", "Montana __knowledge__ Montana is the 4th largest in area, the 7th least populous, and the 3rd sparsely populated of the 50 U.S. states.", "Montana __knowledge__ The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges.", "Montana __knowledge__ Smaller island ranges are found throughout the state.", "Montana __knowledge__ In total, 77 named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains.", "Montana __knowledge__ The eastern half of Montana is characterized by western prairie terrain and badlands.", "Grand Teton National Park __knowledge__ Grand Teton National Park is a United States National Park in northwestern Wyoming.", "Grand Teton National Park __knowledge__ At approximately , the park includes the major peaks of the Teton Range as well as most of the northern sections of the valley known as Jackson Hole.", "Grand Teton National Park __knowledge__ It is only south of Yellowstone National Park, to which it is connected by the National Park Service-managed John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial Parkway.", "Grand Teton National Park __knowledge__ Along with surrounding National Forests, these three protected areas constitute the almost Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, one of the world's largest intact mid-latitude temperate ecosystems.", "Grand Teton National Park __knowledge__ Human history of the Grand Teton region dates back at least 11,000 years, when the first nomadic hunter-gatherer Paleo-Indians began migrating into the region during warmer months pursuing food and supplies.", "Yellowstone River __knowledge__ The Yellowstone River is a tributary of the Missouri River, approximately long, in the western United States.", "Yellowstone River __knowledge__ Considered the principal tributary of the upper Missouri, the river and its tributaries drain a wide area stretching from the Rocky Mountains in the vicinity of the Yellowstone National Park across the mountains and high plains of southern Montana and northern Wyoming.", "Yellowstone River __knowledge__ The Yellowstone River Watershed is a river basin located in North Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana.", "Yellowstone River __knowledge__ The Yellowstone Basin Watershed contains a system of rivers, including the Yellowstone River, and four tributary basins: the Clarks Fork Yellowstone, Wind River and Bighorn River, Tongue River, and Powder River.", "Billings, Montana __knowledge__ Billings is the largest city in the U.S. state of Montana, and the principal city of the Billings Metropolitan Area with a population of 166,855.", "Billings, Montana __knowledge__ It has a trade area of over half a million people.", "Billings, Montana __knowledge__ Billings is located in the south-central portion of the state and is the seat of Yellowstone County, which had a 2015 population of 157,048.", "Billings, Montana __knowledge__ The 2015 Census estimates put the Billings population at 110,263, making it the only city in Montana with over 100,000 people.", "Billings, Montana __knowledge__ The city is experiencing rapid growth and a strong economy; it has had and is continuing to have the largest growth of any city in Montana.", "Shoshone National Forest __knowledge__ Shoshone National Forest ( ) is the first federally protected National Forest in the United States and covers nearly in the state of Wyoming.", "Shoshone National Forest __knowledge__ Originally a part of the Yellowstone Timberland Reserve, the forest is managed by the United States Forest Service and was created by an act of Congress and signed into law by U.S. President Benjamin Harrison in 1891.", "Shoshone National Forest __knowledge__ Shoshone National Forest is one of the first nationally protected land areas anywhere.", "Shoshone National Forest __knowledge__ Native Americans have lived in the region for at least 10,000 years, and when the region was first explored by European adventurers, forestlands were occupied by several different tribes.", "Wyoming __knowledge__ Wyoming is a state in the mountain region of the western United States.", "Wyoming __knowledge__ The state is the 10th largest by area, the least populous and the second least densely populated state in the country.", "Wyoming __knowledge__ Wyoming is bordered on the north by Montana, on the east by South Dakota and Nebraska, on the south by Colorado, on the southwest by Utah, and on the west by Idaho.", "Wyoming __knowledge__ The state population was estimated at 586,107 in 2015, which is less than 31 of the most populous U.S. cities including neighboring Denver.", "Wyoming __knowledge__ Cheyenne is the state capital and the most populous city, with population estimated at 63,335 in 2015.", "Wyoming __knowledge__ The western two-thirds of the state is covered mostly by the mountain ranges and rangelands of the Rocky Mountains, while the eastern third of the state is high elevation prairie called the High Plains." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Yellowstone National Park is a national park located in the U.S. states of Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ It was established by the U.S. Congress and signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant on March 1, 1872.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Yellowstone was the first national park in the U.S. and is also widely held to be the first national park in the world.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ The park is known for its wildlife and its many geothermal features, especially Old Faithful geyser, one of its most popular features.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ It has many types of ecosystems, but the subalpine forest is the most abundant.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ It is part of the South Central Rockies forests ecoregion.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Native Americans have lived in the Yellowstone region for at least 11,000 years.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Aside from visits by mountain men during the early-to-mid-19th century, organized exploration did not begin until the late 1860s.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Management and control of the park originally fell under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of the Interior, the first being Columbus Delano.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ However, the U.S. Army was subsequently commissioned to oversee management of Yellowstone for a 30-year period between 1886 and 1916.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ In 1917, administration of the park was transferred to the National Park Service, which had been created the previous year.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Steve Davis, (born 22 August 1957) is an English retired professional snooker player from Plumstead, London.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Known for dominating the sport during the 1980s, when he won the World Championship six times and was ranked world number one for seven consecutive seasons, he is remembered particularly for contesting the 1985 World Championship final with Dennis Taylor, the black-ball conclusion of which attracted a record 18.5 million British viewers.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ He is a well known public figure and is generally viewed by his peers as one of the greatest players of all time.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Until his retirement in 2016, Davis combined his ongoing playing career with his role as a television analyst and commentator for the BBC's snooker coverage, alongside being a DJ of electronic music on local radio station Phoenix FM and at the Bloc Weekend music festival.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "Civilization VI __knowledge__ Sid Meier's Civilization VI is a turn-based strategy 4X video game developed by Firaxis Games, published by 2K Games, and distributed by Take-Two Interactive.", "Civilization VI __knowledge__ A part of the \"Civilization\" series, it was released on Microsoft Windows and macOS in October 2016, with later ports for Linux in February 2017 and iOS in December 2017.", "Civilization VI __knowledge__ As with other games in the series, the goal for the player is to lead their fledgling civilization from an early settlement through many millennia to become a world power and achieve one of several victory conditions, such as through military power, technological superiority, diplomatic leadership, or cultural influence, over the other human and computer controlled opponents.", "Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice __knowledge__ Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice is a 2016 American superhero film featuring the DC Comics characters Batman and Superman.", "Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice __knowledge__ Directed by Zack Snyder, it is the second installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU), following 2013's \"Man of Steel\".", "Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice __knowledge__ It was written by Chris Terrio and David S. Goyer, and features an ensemble cast that includes Ben Affleck, Henry Cavill, Amy Adams, Jesse Eisenberg, Diane Lane, Laurence Fishburne, Jeremy Irons, Holly Hunter, and Gal Gadot.", "Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice __knowledge__ \"Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice\" is the first live-action film to feature Batman and Superman together, as well as the first live-action cinematic portrayal of Wonder Woman.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ Zoe Carpenter is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera \"Hollyoaks\", played by Zoë Lister.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ The character first appeared on-screen on 1 September 2006, as one of three new students at Hollyoaks Community College.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ It was announced in 2009 that Lister had quit her role in order to pursue other projects; she subsequently left the series in January 2010.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ During Zoe's time in \"Hollyoaks\" she has been portrayed as a bubbly tomboy who often makes the wrong choices in life and has had a number of failed relationships.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ In March 2017, it was reported that Lister would be reprising the role and it was later confirmed that she would return for Amy Barnes' (Ashley Slanina-Davies) funeral.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ In July 2012, a storyline began in the British soap opera \"EastEnders\" in which the character Kat Moon, played by Jessie Wallace, embarks on an affair behind her husband Alfie Moon's (Shane Richie) back, with an unknown person.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ The suspects named were Ray Dixon (Chucky Venn), Michael Moon (Steve John Shepherd), Max Branning (Jake Wood), Derek Branning (Jamie Foreman) and Jack Branning (Scott Maslen).", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ Ray was the first suspect to be eliminated, on 7 August, followed by Michael on 14 September.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ The mystery man was revealed as Derek in the 20 December episode.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ Richie dubbed the storyline \"Who's Been Sleeping with Kat?", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Ulysses S. Grant __knowledge__ Ulysses S. Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant; April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885) was a prominent United States Army general during the American Civil War and Commanding General at the conclusion of that war.", "Ulysses S. Grant __knowledge__ He was elected as the 18th President of the United States in 1868, serving from 1869 to 1877.", "Ulysses S. Grant __knowledge__ As Commanding General, Grant worked closely with President Abraham Lincoln to lead the Union Army to victory over the Confederacy.", "Ulysses S. Grant __knowledge__ After Lincoln's assassination, Grant's assignment in implementing Reconstruction often put him at odds with President Andrew Johnson, Lincoln's successor.", "Ulysses S. Grant __knowledge__ Twice elected president, Grant led the Republicans in their effort to remove the vestiges of Confederate nationalism and slavery, protect African-American citizenship and civil rights, implement reconstruction and support economic prosperity.", "Ulysses S. Grant presidential administration scandals __knowledge__ An examination of Ulysses S. Grant's two terms as President of the United States (1869–1877) reveals many scandals and fraudulent activities associated with persons within his administration, including his cabinet, that was in continual transition, divided by the forces of political corruption and reform.", "Ulysses S. Grant presidential administration scandals __knowledge__ Grant, ever trusting of associates, was himself influenced by both forces.", "Ulysses S. Grant presidential administration scandals __knowledge__ The standards in many of his appointments were low, and charges of corruption were widespread.", "Ulysses S. Grant presidential administration scandals __knowledge__ Starting with the Black Friday (1869) gold speculation ring, corruption would be discovered in seven federal departments, including the Navy, Justice, War, Treasury, Interior, State, and the Post Office.", "Publication history of Anarky __knowledge__ The publication history of Anarky, a fictional character appearing in books published by DC Comics, spans various story arcs and comic book series.", "Publication history of Anarky __knowledge__ Co-created by Alan Grant and Norm Breyfogle, he first appeared in \"Detective Comics\" No.608 (November 1989), as an adversary of Batman.", "Publication history of Anarky __knowledge__ Introduced as Lonnie Machin, a child prodigy with knowledge of radical philosophy and driven to overthrow governments to improve social conditions, stories revolving around Anarky often focus on political and philosophical themes.", "Publication history of Anarky __knowledge__ The character, who is named after the philosophy of anarchism, primarily espouses anti-statism.", "Jesse Root Grant __knowledge__ Jesse Root Grant  (January 23, 1794 – June 29, 1873) was a farmer, tanner and successful leather merchant who owned tanneries and leather goods shops in several different states throughout his adult life.", "Jesse Root Grant __knowledge__ He is best known as the father of Ulysses S. Grant and the one who introduced Ulysses to military life at West Point.", "Jesse Root Grant __knowledge__ Jesse was born in Greensburg, Pennsylvania and was one of seven children.", "Jesse Root Grant __knowledge__ He was a self made man who rose from poverty to become a somewhat wealthy merchant.", "Jesse Root Grant __knowledge__ At age five, Jesse's family moved to Ohio and settled in the .", "Jesse Root Grant __knowledge__ Unable to support all his children Jesse's father arranged for his apprenticeship at farms and tanneries during his youth.", "Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant __knowledge__ The presidency of Ulysses S. Grant began on March 4, 1869, when he was inaugurated as the 18th President of the United States, and ended on March 4, 1877.", "Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant __knowledge__ Grant took office in the aftermath of the Civil War, and he presided over much of the Reconstruction Era.", "Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant __knowledge__ A Republican, Grant became president after defeating Democrat Horatio Seymour in the 1868 presidential election.", "Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant __knowledge__ He was reelected in 1872 in a landslide victory, overcoming a split in the Republican Party that resulted in the formation of the Liberal Republicans, which nominated Horace Greeley to oppose him.", "Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant __knowledge__ He was succeeded as president by Republican Rutherford B. Hayes after the contested 1876 presidential election.", "Columbus Delano __knowledge__ Columbus Delano, (June 4, 1809 – October 23, 1896) was a lawyer, rancher, banker, statesman and a member of the prominent Delano family.", "Columbus Delano __knowledge__ Delano was elected U.S.", "Columbus Delano __knowledge__ Congressman from Ohio, serving two full terms and one partial one.", "Columbus Delano __knowledge__ Prior to the American Civil War, Delano was a National Republican and then a Whig; as a Whig he was identified with the faction of the party that opposed the spread of slavery into the Western territories, and he became a Republican when the party was founded as the major anti-slavery party after the demise of the Whigs in the 1850s.", "Columbus Delano __knowledge__ During Reconstruction Delano advocated federal protection of African-Americans civil rights, and argued that the former Confederate states should be administered by the federal government, but were not part of the United States until they met the requirements for readmission to the Union.", "Charles Sumner __knowledge__ Charles Sumner (January 6, 1811 – March 11, 1874) was an American politician and United States Senator from Massachusetts.", "Charles Sumner __knowledge__ As an academic lawyer and a powerful orator, Sumner was the leader of the anti-slavery forces in Massachusetts and a leader of the Radical Republicans in the U.S. Senate during the American Civil War working to destroy the Confederacy, free all the slaves, and keep on good terms with Europe.", "Charles Sumner __knowledge__ During Reconstruction, he fought to minimize the power of the ex-Confederates and guarantee equal rights to the freedmen.", "Charles Sumner __knowledge__ Sumner changed his political party several times as anti-slavery coalitions rose and fell in the 1830s and 1840s before coalescing in the 1850s as the Republican Party, the affiliation with which he became best known." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Yellowstone National Park is a national park located in the U.S. states of Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ It was established by the U.S. Congress and signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant on March 1, 1872.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Yellowstone was the first national park in the U.S. and is also widely held to be the first national park in the world.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ The park is known for its wildlife and its many geothermal features, especially Old Faithful geyser, one of its most popular features.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ It has many types of ecosystems, but the subalpine forest is the most abundant.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ It is part of the South Central Rockies forests ecoregion.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Native Americans have lived in the Yellowstone region for at least 11,000 years.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Aside from visits by mountain men during the early-to-mid-19th century, organized exploration did not begin until the late 1860s.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Management and control of the park originally fell under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of the Interior, the first being Columbus Delano.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ However, the U.S. Army was subsequently commissioned to oversee management of Yellowstone for a 30-year period between 1886 and 1916.", "Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ In 1917, administration of the park was transferred to the National Park Service, which had been created the previous year.", "Yogi Bear __knowledge__ Yogi Bear is a cartoon character who has appeared in numerous comic books, animated television shows and films.", "Yogi Bear __knowledge__ He made his debut in 1958 as a supporting character in \"The Huckleberry Hound Show\".", "Yogi Bear __knowledge__ Yogi Bear was the first breakout character created by Hanna-Barbera and was eventually more popular than Huckleberry Hound.", "Yogi Bear __knowledge__ In January 1961, he was given his own show, \"The Yogi Bear Show\", sponsored by Kellogg's, which included the segments \"Snagglepuss\" and \"Yakky Doodle\".", "Yogi Bear __knowledge__ \"Hokey Wolf\" replaced his segment on \"The Huckleberry Hound Show\".", "Yogi Bear __knowledge__ A musical animated feature film, \"Hey There, It's Yogi Bear!", "Yogi Bear __knowledge__ \", was produced in 1964.", "Yogi Bear (film) __knowledge__ Yogi Bear is a 2010 American 3D live-action/computer-animated family comedy film directed by Eric Brevig, produced by Donald De Line and Karen Rosenfelt, written by Brad Copeland, Joshua Sternin and Jeffrey Ventimilia and based on the animated television series \"The Yogi Bear Show\" and the character created by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera.", "Yogi Bear (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Dan Aykroyd, Justin Timberlake, Anna Faris, Tom Cavanagh, T.J. Miller, Nate Corddry and Andrew Daly with narration by Josh Robert Thompson.", "Yogi Bear (film) __knowledge__ The movie tells the story of Yogi Bear as he tries to save his park from being logged.", "Yogi Bear (film) __knowledge__ Principal photography began in November 2009.", "Yogi Bear's Jellystone Park Camp-Resorts __knowledge__ Yogi Bear’s Jellystone Park Camp-Resorts are a chain of over 75 family campgrounds throughout the United States and Canada.", "Yogi Bear's Jellystone Park Camp-Resorts __knowledge__ The camp-resorts are franchised through Leisure Systems, Inc. (LSI), a wholly owned subsidiary of The Park River Corporation, based out of Cincinnati, Ohio.", "Yogi Bear's Jellystone Park Camp-Resorts __knowledge__ The current President of Leisure Systems, Inc. is Robert (Rob) Schutter, Jr. Yogi Bear’s Jellystone Park Camp-Resorts were founded in 1969 by Doug Haag & Robert Borkovetz.", "Yogi Bear's Jellystone Park Camp-Resorts __knowledge__ The first Jellystone Park was built in Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin, and still remains a part of the franchise today.", "Yogi Bear's Jellystone Park Camp-Resorts __knowledge__ The idea to start a campground came to Haag during a drive down the local highway.", "Hey There, It's Yogi Bear! __knowledge__ Hey There, It's Yogi Bear!", "Hey There, It's Yogi Bear! __knowledge__ is a 1964 American animated musical comedy film produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions and released by Columbia Pictures.", "Hey There, It's Yogi Bear! __knowledge__ The film stars the voices of Daws Butler, Don Messick, Julie Bennett, Mel Blanc, and J. Pat O'Malley.", "Hey There, It's Yogi Bear! __knowledge__ Based upon Hanna-Barbera's syndicated animated television show \"The Yogi Bear Show\", \"Hey There, It's Yogi Bear!\"", "Hey There, It's Yogi Bear! __knowledge__ was the first theatrical feature produced by Hanna-Barbera, and the first feature-length theatrical animated film based on a television program.", "Hey There, It's Yogi Bear! __knowledge__ Boo-Boo Bear wakes up from winter hibernation, excited about the new Spring.", "Hey There, It's Yogi Bear! __knowledge__ Then Yogi Bear wakes up, his only interest finding some food to eat.", "Yogi Bear's All Star Comedy Christmas Caper __knowledge__ Yogi Bear's All Star Comedy Christmas Caper is a 1982 animated Christmas television special starring Yogi Bear.", "Yogi Bear's All Star Comedy Christmas Caper __knowledge__ It is the third and final Yogi Christmas special.", "Yogi Bear's All Star Comedy Christmas Caper __knowledge__ Produced by Hanna-Barbera, it first aired on on CBS.", "Yogi Bear's All Star Comedy Christmas Caper __knowledge__ When Huckleberry Hound and his friends Hokey Wolf, Snagglepuss, Quick Draw McGraw, Augie Doggie and Doggie Daddy, and Snooper and Blabber visit Jellystone Park for Christmas, they discover Yogi Bear and Boo-Boo have escaped from Jellystone and hidden out in a department store, where Yogi is posing as a Santa Claus.", "Yogi Bear's All Star Comedy Christmas Caper __knowledge__ Along the way, he helps a little girl named Judy Jones rediscover her faith in Christmas when her father, a billionaire named J. Wellington Jones, is too busy for her.", "The Yogi Bear Show __knowledge__ The Yogi Bear Show is an American animated television series about the misadventures of picnic basket stealing bear Yogi in Jellystone Park.", "The Yogi Bear Show __knowledge__ The show debuted in syndication on January 30, 1961, and ran for 33 episodes until January 6, 1962, and included two segments, \"Snagglepuss\" and \"Yakky Doodle\".", "The Yogi Bear Show __knowledge__ The show had a two-year production run.", "The Yogi Bear Show __knowledge__ Yogi Bear (voiced by Daws Butler impersonating Art Carney) and Boo-Boo Bear (voiced by Don Messick) reside in Jellystone Park and would often try to steal picnic baskets while evading Ranger Smith (voiced by Don Messick).", "The Yogi Bear Show __knowledge__ Yogi also has a relationship with his girlfriend Cindy Bear (voiced by Julie Bennett).", "Yo Yogi! __knowledge__ Yo Yogi!", "Yo Yogi! __knowledge__ is an American animated series.", "Yo Yogi! __knowledge__ It first aired in 1991 on NBC on Saturday morning.", "Yo Yogi! __knowledge__ To date, it is the last television series to feature (or star) Yogi Bear.", "Yo Yogi! __knowledge__ \"Yo Yogi!\"", "Yo Yogi! __knowledge__ featured episodes, or parts of episodes, in 3D, with Kellogg's Rice Krispies offering 3D glasses.", "Yo Yogi! __knowledge__ Generally, the 3D scenes were chase scenes of the variety made famous by Hanna-Barbera in the \"Scooby-Doo\" series.", "Yo Yogi! __knowledge__ At the beginning of these 3D sequences, Yogi would spin his hat atop his head, as a cue to viewers to don their 3D glasses.", "Yo Yogi! __knowledge__ The show did not do well in the ratings, and was cancelled in the summer of 1992 (July 25) in order for NBC to reformat its Saturday morning schedule to young audiences and to launch the Saturday edition of \"The Today Show\", since at this point, NBC was making budget cuts to their 1991 Saturday morning lineup due to the popularity of \"Saved by the Bell\".", "North Central Rockies forest __knowledge__ The North Central Rockies forests is a temperate coniferous forest ecoregion of Canada and the United States.", "North Central Rockies forest __knowledge__ This region gets more rain on average than the South Central Rockies forests and is notable for containing the only inland populations of many species from the Pacific coast.", "North Central Rockies forest __knowledge__ This ecoregion is located in the Rocky Mountains regions of southeastern British Columbia, southwestern Alberta, northwestern Montana and northern Idaho.", "North Central Rockies forest __knowledge__ The climate here is varied.", "North Central Rockies forest __knowledge__ Areas west of the Continental Divide experience greater precipitation and the moderating effects of the Pacific Ocean, while areas east of the Divide experience a drier, more continental climate.", "South Central Rockies forests __knowledge__ The South Central Rockies forests is a temperate coniferous forest ecoregion of the United States located mainly in Wyoming, Idaho, and Montana.", "South Central Rockies forests __knowledge__ It has a considerably drier climate than the North Central Rockies forest.", "South Central Rockies forests __knowledge__ This ecoregion is located mainly in western Wyoming, but also in eastern and central Idaho, central Montana, northeastern Wyoming and southwestern South Dakota.", "South Central Rockies forests __knowledge__ It is centered on the Yellowstone Plateau, extending outward on connected mountain ranges, but the ecoregion also includes the isolated Bighorn Mountains and Black Hills, as well as smaller isolated ranges in central Montana.", "History of the Colorado Rockies __knowledge__ The History of the Colorado Rockies began in 1991 when a Major League Baseball (MLB) expansion franchise for Denver, Colorado was granted to an ownership group headed by John Antonucci.", "History of the Colorado Rockies __knowledge__ In 1993, the Colorado Rockies started play in the National League (NL) West division.", "History of the Colorado Rockies __knowledge__ Since that date, the Rockies have reached the MLB postseason four times, each time as the National League wild card team.", "History of the Colorado Rockies __knowledge__ Twice (1995 and 2009) they were eliminated in the first round of the playoffs.", "History of the Colorado Rockies __knowledge__ In 2007, the Rockies advanced all the way to the World Series, only to be swept by the Boston Red Sox.", "History of the Colorado Rockies __knowledge__ Several previous attempts to bring Major League Baseball to Colorado had failed.", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ Larry Kenneth Robert Walker (born December 1, 1966) is a Canadian former professional baseball right fielder in Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ During his 17-year career, he played for the Montreal Expos (1989–1994), Colorado Rockies (1995–2004), and St. Louis Cardinals (2004–2005).", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ Since 2009, he has coached for the Canadian national baseball team.", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ Widely considered a five-tool talent of prodigious athleticism and instincts, Walker hit for both average and power, combined with well above-average speed, defense and throwing strength and accuracy.", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ During his playing career, he stood tall and weighed , threw right-handed and batted left-handed.", "Matt Holliday __knowledge__ Matthew Thomas Holliday (born January 15, 1980) is an American professional baseball designated hitter and outfielder who is a free agent.", "Matt Holliday __knowledge__ He has played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Colorado Rockies, Oakland Athletics, St. Louis Cardinals and New York Yankees.", "Matt Holliday __knowledge__ A World Series champion in 2011 with the Cardinals, Holliday, through prodigious hitting contributions, has played a key role in seven postseasons, including the Rockies' first-ever World Series appearance in 2007 and Cardinals' playoff success of the 2010s.", "Matt Holliday __knowledge__ His distinctions include a National League (NL) batting championship, the 2007 NL Championship Series Most Valuable Player Award (NLCS MVP), seven All-Star selections, and four Silver Slugger Awards.", "Southern Rocky Mountains __knowledge__ The Southern Rocky Mountains are a major subregion of the Rocky Mountains of North America located in the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Wyoming, the central and western portions of Colorado, the northern portion of New Mexico, and extreme eastern portions of Utah.", "Southern Rocky Mountains __knowledge__ The Southern Rocky Mountains are also commonly known as the Southern Rockies, and since the highest peaks are located in the State of Colorado, they are sometimes known as the Colorado Rockies, although many important ranges and peaks rise in the other three states.", "Southern Rocky Mountains __knowledge__ The Southern Rockies include the highest mountain ranges of the Rocky Mountains and include all 30 of the highest major peaks of the Rockies." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 6, 13 ]

[ "Yellowstone is a national park located in wyoming and montana, I'd love to go there!", "I never knew that, interesting. It was established by Ulysses S. Grant in 1872!", "I'm not sure but I know that it is part of the south central rockies!", "yeah he is! Yogi Bear made his debut in 1958!" ]

[ "Yellowstone National Park", "Yellowstone National Park", "Yellowstone National Park", "Yellowstone National Park" ]

[ "Philip Larkin\nI enjoy reading fantasy novels and poetry. Have you ever heard of Philip Larkin?", "What do you think was he's most famous work ever?", "Need to read that then. Have you read it and what do you think about it?", "I will. Whats it about and what about it did you enjoy?", "Cool. I wonder what inspired he's poetry, would you know?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ Philip Arthur Larkin (9 August 1922 – 2 December 1985) was an English poet, novelist and librarian.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ His first book of poetry, \"The North Ship\", was published in 1945, followed by two novels, \"Jill\" (1946) and \"A Girl in Winter\" (1947), and he came to prominence in 1955 with the publication of his second collection of poems, \"The Less Deceived\", followed by \"The Whitsun Weddings\" (1964) and \"High Windows\" (1974).", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ He contributed to \"The Daily Telegraph\" as its jazz critic from 1961 to 1971, articles gathered in \"All What Jazz: A Record Diary 1961–71\" (1985), and he edited \"The Oxford Book of Twentieth Century English Verse\" (1973).", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ His many honours include the Queen's Gold Medal for Poetry.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ He was offered, but declined, the position of Poet Laureate in 1984, following the death of Sir John Betjeman.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ After graduating from Oxford in 1943 with a first in English language and literature, Larkin became a librarian.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ It was during the thirty years he worked with distinction as university librarian at the Brynmor Jones Library at the University of Hull that he produced the greater part of his published work.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ His poems are marked by what Andrew Motion calls \"a very English, glum accuracy about emotions, places, and relationships\", and what Donald Davie described as \"lowered sights and diminished expectations\".", "Brunette Coleman __knowledge__ Brunette Coleman was a pseudonym used by the poet and writer Philip Larkin.", "Brunette Coleman __knowledge__ In 1943, towards the end of his time as an undergraduate at St John's College, Oxford, he wrote several works of fiction, verse and critical commentary under that name.", "Brunette Coleman __knowledge__ The style he adopted parodies that of popular writers of contemporary girls' school fiction, but the extent of the stories' homoerotic content suggests they were written primarily for adult male titillation.", "Brunette Coleman __knowledge__ The Coleman oeuvre consists of a completed novella, \"Trouble at Willow Gables\", set in a girls' boarding school; an incomplete sequel, \"Michaelmas Term at St Brides\", set in a women's college at Oxford; seven short poems with a girls' school ambience; a fragment of pseudo-autobiography; and a critical essay purporting to be Coleman's literary apologia.", "British literature __knowledge__ British literature is literature in the English language from the United Kingdom, Isle of Man, and Channel Islands.", "British literature __knowledge__ Anglo-Saxon (Old English) literature is included, and there is some discussion of Latin and Anglo-Norman literature, where literature in these languages relate to the early development of the English language and literature.", "British literature __knowledge__ There is also some brief discussion of major figures who wrote in Scots, but the main discussion is in the various Scottish literature articles.", "British literature __knowledge__ The article Literature in the other languages of Britain focusses on the literatures written in the other languages that are, and have been, used in Britain.", "Andrew Motion __knowledge__ Sir Andrew Motion (born 26 October 1952) is an English poet, novelist, and biographer, who was Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom from 1999 to 2009.", "Andrew Motion __knowledge__ During the period of his laureateship, Motion founded the Poetry Archive, an online resource of poems and audio recordings of poets reading their own work.", "Andrew Motion __knowledge__ In 2012, he became President of the Campaign to Protect Rural England, taking over from Bill Bryson.", "Andrew Motion __knowledge__ Motion was born on 26 October 1952 in London; his mother was Catherine Gillian Bakewell (known as Gillian) and his father Andrew Richard Michael Motion (known as Richard).", "Andrew Motion __knowledge__ The family moved to Stisted, near Braintree in Essex, when Motion was 12 years old.", "Kingston upon Hull __knowledge__ Kingston upon Hull ( ), usually abbreviated to Hull, is a city and unitary authority in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England.", "Kingston upon Hull __knowledge__ It lies upon the River Hull at its confluence with the Humber estuary, 25 miles (40 km) inland from the North Sea, with a population of ().", "Kingston upon Hull __knowledge__ The town of Hull was founded late in the 12th century.", "Kingston upon Hull __knowledge__ The monks of Meaux Abbey needed a port where the wool from their estates could be exported.", "Kingston upon Hull __knowledge__ They chose a place at the confluence of the rivers Hull and Humber to build a quay.", "Kingston upon Hull __knowledge__ The exact year the town was founded is not known but it was first mentioned in 1193.", "Kingston upon Hull __knowledge__ Renamed \"Kings-town upon Hull\" by King Edward I in 1299, Hull has been a market town, military supply port, trading hub, fishing and whaling centre and industrial metropolis.", "Dylan Thomas __knowledge__ Dylan Marlais Thomas (27 October 1914 – 9 November 1953) was a Welsh poet and writer whose works include the poems \"Do not go gentle into that good night\" and \"And death shall have no dominion\"; the 'play for voices' \"Under Milk Wood\"; and stories and radio broadcasts such as \"A Child's Christmas in Wales\" and \"Portrait of the Artist as a Young Dog\".", "Dylan Thomas __knowledge__ He became widely popular in his lifetime and remained so after his premature death at the age of 39 in New York City.", "Dylan Thomas __knowledge__ By then he had acquired a reputation, which he had encouraged, as a \"roistering, drunken and doomed poet\".", "Dylan Thomas __knowledge__ Thomas was born in Swansea, Wales, in 1914.", "English literature __knowledge__ This article is focused on English-language literature rather than the literature of England, so that it includes writers from Scotland, Wales, and the whole of Ireland, as well as literature in English from countries of the former British Empire, including the United States.", "English literature __knowledge__ However, until the early 19th century, it only deals with the literature of the United Kingdom and Ireland.", "English literature __knowledge__ It does not include literature written in the other languages of Britain.", "English literature __knowledge__ The English language has developed over the course of more than 1,400 years.", "English literature __knowledge__ The earliest forms of English, a set of Anglo-Frisian dialects brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the fifth century, are called Old English." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ Philip Arthur Larkin (9 August 1922 – 2 December 1985) was an English poet, novelist and librarian.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ His first book of poetry, \"The North Ship\", was published in 1945, followed by two novels, \"Jill\" (1946) and \"A Girl in Winter\" (1947), and he came to prominence in 1955 with the publication of his second collection of poems, \"The Less Deceived\", followed by \"The Whitsun Weddings\" (1964) and \"High Windows\" (1974).", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ He contributed to \"The Daily Telegraph\" as its jazz critic from 1961 to 1971, articles gathered in \"All What Jazz: A Record Diary 1961–71\" (1985), and he edited \"The Oxford Book of Twentieth Century English Verse\" (1973).", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ His many honours include the Queen's Gold Medal for Poetry.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ He was offered, but declined, the position of Poet Laureate in 1984, following the death of Sir John Betjeman.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ After graduating from Oxford in 1943 with a first in English language and literature, Larkin became a librarian.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ It was during the thirty years he worked with distinction as university librarian at the Brynmor Jones Library at the University of Hull that he produced the greater part of his published work.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ His poems are marked by what Andrew Motion calls \"a very English, glum accuracy about emotions, places, and relationships\", and what Donald Davie described as \"lowered sights and diminished expectations\".", "Talcott Parsons __knowledge__ Talcott Parsons (December 13, 1902 – May 8, 1979) was an American sociologist of the classical tradition, best known for his social action theory and structural functionalism.", "Talcott Parsons __knowledge__ Parsons is considered one of the most influential figures in the development of sociology in the 20th century.", "Talcott Parsons __knowledge__ After earning a PhD in economics, he served on the faculty at Harvard University from 1927 to 1979.", "Talcott Parsons __knowledge__ In 1930, he was among the first professors in its new sociology department.", "Talcott Parsons __knowledge__ Based on empirical data, Parsons' social action theory was the first broad, systematic, and generalizable theory of social systems developed in the United States.", "English literature __knowledge__ This article is focused on English-language literature rather than the literature of England, so that it includes writers from Scotland, Wales, and the whole of Ireland, as well as literature in English from countries of the former British Empire, including the United States.", "English literature __knowledge__ However, until the early 19th century, it only deals with the literature of the United Kingdom and Ireland.", "English literature __knowledge__ It does not include literature written in the other languages of Britain.", "English literature __knowledge__ The English language has developed over the course of more than 1,400 years.", "English literature __knowledge__ The earliest forms of English, a set of Anglo-Frisian dialects brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the fifth century, are called Old English.", "George Frideric Handel __knowledge__ George Frideric (or Frederick) Handel (; born ; 23 February 1685 (O.S.)", "George Frideric Handel __knowledge__ [(N.S.)", "George Frideric Handel __knowledge__ 5 March] – 14 April 1759) was a German, later British, baroque composer who spent the bulk of his career in London, becoming well known for his operas, oratorios, anthems, and organ concertos.", "George Frideric Handel __knowledge__ Handel received important training in Halle and worked as a composer in Hamburg and Italy before settling in London in 1712; he became a naturalised British subject in 1727.", "George Frideric Handel __knowledge__ He was strongly influenced both by the great composers of the Italian Baroque and by the middle-German polyphonic choral tradition.", "George Frideric Handel __knowledge__ Within fifteen years, Handel had started three commercial opera companies to supply the English nobility with Italian opera.", "Medicine in the medieval Islamic world __knowledge__ In the history of medicine, Islamic medicine, also known as Arabic medicine, refers to the science of medicine developed in the Islamic Golden Age, and written in Arabic, the \"lingua franca\" of Islamic civilization.", "Medicine in the medieval Islamic world __knowledge__ Islamic medicine preserved, systematized and developed the medical knowledge of classical antiquity, including the major traditions of Hippocrates, Galen and Dioscorides.", "Medicine in the medieval Islamic world __knowledge__ During the post-classical era, Islamic medicine was the most advanced in the world, integrating concepts of the ancient Greek, Roman, Persian as well as the ancient Indian traditions of Ayurveda.", "Medicine in the medieval Islamic world __knowledge__ At the same time, the knowledge of the classical medicine was nearly lost to the medieval medicine of Western Europe, only to be regained by European physicians when they became familiar with Islamic medical authors during the Renaissance of the 12th century.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Characters of Shakespear's Plays is an 1817 book of criticism of Shakespeare's plays, written by early nineteenth century English essayist and literary critic William Hazlitt.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Composed in reaction to the neoclassical approach to Shakespeare's plays typified by Samuel Johnson, it was among the first English-language studies of Shakespeare's plays to follow the manner of German critic August Wilhelm Schlegel, and, with the work of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, paved the way for the increased appreciation of Shakespeare's genius that was characteristic of later nineteenth-century criticism.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ It was also the first book to cover all of Shakespeare's plays, intended as a guide for the general reader.", "The Little Prince __knowledge__ The Little Prince (French: \"Le Petit Prince\"; ), first published in 1943, is a novella, the most famous work of French aristocrat, writer, poet, and pioneering aviator Antoine de Saint-Exupéry.", "The Little Prince __knowledge__ The novella is one of the most-translated books in the world and has been voted the best book of the 20th century in France.", "The Little Prince __knowledge__ Translated into 300 languages and dialects, selling nearly two million copies annually, and with year-to-date sales of over 140 million copies worldwide, it has become one of the best-selling books ever published.", "The Little Prince __knowledge__ After the outbreak of the Second World War, Saint-Exupéry escaped to North America.", "Ancient Greek literature __knowledge__ Ancient Greek literature refers to literature written in the Ancient Greek language from the earliest texts until roughly the rise of the Byzantine Empire.", "Ancient Greek literature __knowledge__ The earliest surviving works of ancient Greek literature are the two epic poems \"The Iliad\" and \"The Odyssey\".", "Ancient Greek literature __knowledge__ These two epics, along with the Homeric Hymns and the two poems of Hesiod, \"Theogony\" and \"Works and Days\", comprised the major foundational works of the Greek literary tradition.", "Ancient Greek literature __knowledge__ The lyric poets Sappho, Alcaeus, and Pindar were highly influential during the early development of the Greek poetic tradition.", "Ancient Greek literature __knowledge__ Aeschylus is the earliest Greek tragic playwright for whom any plays have survived complete.", "Kubla Khan __knowledge__ Some of Coleridge's contemporaries denounced the poem and questioned his story of its origin.", "Kubla Khan __knowledge__ It was not until years later that critics began to openly admire the poem.", "Kubla Khan __knowledge__ Most modern critics now view \"Kubla Khan\" as one of Coleridge's three great poems, along with \"The Rime of the Ancient Mariner\" and \"Christabel\".", "Kubla Khan __knowledge__ The poem is considered one of the most famous examples of Romanticism in English poetry, and is one of the most frequently anthologized poems in the English language.", "Kubla Khan __knowledge__ A copy of the manuscript is a permanent exhibit at the British Library in London.", "Kubla Khan __knowledge__ In September 1797, Coleridge lived in Nether Stowey in the south west of England and spent much of his time walking through the nearby Quantock Hills with his fellow poet William Wordsworth and Wordsworth's sister Dorothy; (His route today is memorialised as the \"Coleridge Way\".)", "British literature __knowledge__ British literature is literature in the English language from the United Kingdom, Isle of Man, and Channel Islands.", "British literature __knowledge__ Anglo-Saxon (Old English) literature is included, and there is some discussion of Latin and Anglo-Norman literature, where literature in these languages relate to the early development of the English language and literature.", "British literature __knowledge__ There is also some brief discussion of major figures who wrote in Scots, but the main discussion is in the various Scottish literature articles.", "British literature __knowledge__ The article Literature in the other languages of Britain focusses on the literatures written in the other languages that are, and have been, used in Britain.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "List of historical opera characters __knowledge__ This is a list of historical figures who have been characters in opera or operetta.", "List of historical opera characters __knowledge__ Historical accuracy in such works has often been subject to the imperatives of dramatic presentation.", "List of historical opera characters __knowledge__ Consequently, in many cases: For the purposes of this list, Biblical characters are generally taken to be fictional, unless there is clear evidence of their historicity.", "List of historical opera characters __knowledge__ Operas appear in bold when the historical figure is also the title role.", "List of historical opera characters __knowledge__ Where a character appears in more than opera, the entries are sorted by composer.", "List of historical opera characters __knowledge__ Abdisho IV Maron, Patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic Church Peter Abelard, French priest, scholar, theologian John Quincy Adams, American President Gabriele Adorno, fifth Doge of Genoa Flavius Aetius, Roman general Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa, German alchemist, writer Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, Roman statesman and general Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus, Roman consul (32 BC) Pharaoh Akhenaten of Egypt 3rd Duke of Alba, Governor of the Spanish Netherlands Albert of Mainz, Elector and Archbishop of Mainz Buzz Aldrin, American astronaut Alexander the Great, King of Macedon (He appears in about 70 other operas set to the same text by Metastasio as used by Pacini, including one by Leonardo Vinci.)", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Guilherme de Brito __knowledge__ Guilherme de Brito Bollhorst (January 3, 1922 – April 28, 2006), known as Guilherme de Brito, was an important Brazilian \"sambista\", singer, songwriter, and painter.", "Guilherme de Brito __knowledge__ Guilherme de Brito Bollhorst was born in Vila Isabel, a traditional neighborhood with regard to samba, the home of 12 years older Noel Rosa, with whom he was acquainted and who often gave him rides on his car.", "Guilherme de Brito __knowledge__ Brito was the son of Alfredo Nicolau Bollhorst and Marieta de Brito Bollhorst.", "Guilherme de Brito __knowledge__ Guilherme de Brito got a cavaquinho as a present when he was eight; later he became also a \"violonista\".", "Guilherme de Brito __knowledge__ With the death of his father when he was 12, Brito had to drop his studies and start working." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ Philip Arthur Larkin (9 August 1922 – 2 December 1985) was an English poet, novelist and librarian.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ His first book of poetry, \"The North Ship\", was published in 1945, followed by two novels, \"Jill\" (1946) and \"A Girl in Winter\" (1947), and he came to prominence in 1955 with the publication of his second collection of poems, \"The Less Deceived\", followed by \"The Whitsun Weddings\" (1964) and \"High Windows\" (1974).", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ He contributed to \"The Daily Telegraph\" as its jazz critic from 1961 to 1971, articles gathered in \"All What Jazz: A Record Diary 1961–71\" (1985), and he edited \"The Oxford Book of Twentieth Century English Verse\" (1973).", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ His many honours include the Queen's Gold Medal for Poetry.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ He was offered, but declined, the position of Poet Laureate in 1984, following the death of Sir John Betjeman.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ After graduating from Oxford in 1943 with a first in English language and literature, Larkin became a librarian.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ It was during the thirty years he worked with distinction as university librarian at the Brynmor Jones Library at the University of Hull that he produced the greater part of his published work.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ His poems are marked by what Andrew Motion calls \"a very English, glum accuracy about emotions, places, and relationships\", and what Donald Davie described as \"lowered sights and diminished expectations\".", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Bereshit, Bereishit, Bereishis, B'reshith, Beresheet, or Bereishees ( – Hebrew for \"in the beginning,\" the first word in the parashah) is the first weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah consists of In the parashah, God creates the world, and Adam and Eve.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ They eat fruit that God had forbidden them, and God expels them from the Garden of Eden.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ One of their sons, Cain, becomes the first murderer, killing his brother Abel out of jealousy.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Adam, Eve, and Cain are cast out of paradise to East of Eden.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Adam and Eve have other children, whose descendants populate the Earth, but each generation becomes more and more degenerate until God, despairing, decides to destroy humanity.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Learning to read is the acquisition and practice of the skills necessary to understand the meaning behind printed words.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ For a fairly good reader, the skill of reading often feels simple, effortless, and automatic; however, the process of learning to read is complex and builds on cognitive, linguistic, and social skills developed from a very early age.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Usually, in order to understand a text, it is necessary to understand the spoken language associated with that text.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ In this way, writing systems are distinguished form many other symbolic communication systems.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Once established, writing systems on the whole change more slowly than their spoken counterparts, and often preserve features and expressions which are no longer current in the spoken language.", "Consistency model __knowledge__ In computer science, Consistency models are used in distributed systems like distributed shared memory systems or distributed data stores (such as a filesystems, databases, optimistic replication systems or Web caching).", "Consistency model __knowledge__ The system is said to support a given model if operations on memory follow specific rules.", "Consistency model __knowledge__ The data consistency model specifies a contract between programmer and system, wherein the system guarantees that if the programmer follows the rules, memory will be consistent and the results of reading, writing, or updating memory will be predictable.", "Consistency model __knowledge__ This is different from Cache coherence, an next that occurs in systems that are cached or cache-less is consistency of data with respect to all processors.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Re'eh __knowledge__ Re'eh, Reeh, R'eih, or Ree ( — Hebrew for \"see\", the first word in the parashah) is the 47th weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the fourth in the Book of Deuteronomy.", "Re'eh __knowledge__ It constitutes In the parashah, Moses set before the Israelites the choice between blessing and curse.", "Re'eh __knowledge__ Moses instructed the Israelites in the laws that they were to observe, including the law of a single centralized place of worship.", "Re'eh __knowledge__ Moses warned against following other gods and their prophets and set forth the laws of kashrut, tithes, the Sabbatical year, the Hebrew slave, firstborn animals, and the three pilgrim festivals.", "Literacy __knowledge__ Literacy is traditionally meant as the ability to read and write .", "Literacy __knowledge__ The modern term's meaning has been expanded to include the ability to use language, numbers, images, computers, and other basic means to understand, communicate, gain useful knowledge, solve mathematical problems and use the dominant symbol systems of a culture.", "Literacy __knowledge__ The concept of literacy is expanding in OECD countries to include skills to access knowledge through technology and ability to assess complex contexts.", "Literacy __knowledge__ A person who travels and resides in a foreign country but is unable to read or write in the language of the host country would also be regarded by the locals as being illiterate.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "The Less Deceived __knowledge__ The Less Deceived, first published in 1955, was Philip Larkin's first mature collection of poetry, having been preceded by the derivative \"North Ship\" (1945) from The Fortune Press and a privately printed collection, a small pamphlet titled \"XX Poems\", which Larkin mailed to literary critics and authors.", "The Less Deceived __knowledge__ Unfortunately, Larkin was unaware that postal rates had gone up, and most recipients, when asked to pay the difference for delivery of a pamphlet by a little-known writer, turned them away, only around 100 copies were printed.", "The Less Deceived __knowledge__ Despite this setback, 13 of the 20 poems, together with 16 new poems, were finally published to much acclaim in 1955 as \"The Less Deceived\", which was selected as a book of the year by the \"Times Literary Supplement\" and immediately went through several impressions.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ Italian literature is written in the Italian language, particularly within Italy.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ It may also refer to literature written by Italians or in Italy in other languages spoken in Italy, often languages that are closely related to modern Italian.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ An early example of Italian literature is the tradition of vernacular lyric poetry performed in Occitan, which reached Italy by the end of the 12th century.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ In 1230, the Sicilian School is notable for being the first style in standard Italian.", "Italian literature __knowledge__ Dante Alighieri, one of the greatest of Italian poets, is notable for his \"Divine Comedy\".", "Italian literature __knowledge__ Petrarch did classical research and wrote lyric poetry.", "Collected Poems (Larkin) __knowledge__ Collected Poems is the title of a posthumous collection of Philip Larkin's poetry edited by Anthony Thwaite and published by Faber and Faber.", "Collected Poems (Larkin) __knowledge__ He released two notably different editions in 1988 and 2003, the first of which also includes previously unpublished work.", "Collected Poems (Larkin) __knowledge__ Both editions contain the contents of Larkin's collections \"The North Ship\", \"The Less Deceived\", \"The Whitsun Weddings\" and \"High Windows\", plus other material.", "Collected Poems (Larkin) __knowledge__ For the 1988 edition, editor Anthony Thwaite included all of Philip Larkin's published poetry as well as unpublished and incomplete work.", "Collected Poems (Larkin) __knowledge__ Thwaite organized the poems in chronological order, meaning that poems from Larkin's four collections, his uncollected poems, and his unpublished work are interspersed throughout according to their date of composition.", "Muhammad Hussain Najafi __knowledge__ Grand Ayatollah Allama Shaikh Muhammad Hussain Najafi Urdu/Punjabi: : born April 10, 1932) is a Twelver Shi'i alim from Pakistan and has been elevated to the status of \"marjiyyat\".", "Muhammad Hussain Najafi __knowledge__ At present, there are two maraji of Pakistani descent, the other one Basheer Hussain Najafi.", "Muhammad Hussain Najafi __knowledge__ As Basheer Hussain Najafi has chosen to reside in Najaf, Iraq, Muhammad Hussain Najafi is the only marja' on Pakistani soil, running a Hawza in Sargodha.", "Muhammad Hussain Najafi __knowledge__ He has been included in the last 5 editions of \"The Muslim 500: The World's Most Influential Muslims\" since 2010. He is one of the 9 marja's mentioned in the most recent edition. Muhammad Hussain was born in small town of Jehania shah in sargodha District of Punjab province of Pakistan on April 1932.", "Nicolaus Copernicus __knowledge__ Nicolaus Copernicus (; ; ; 19 February 1473 – 24 May 1543) was a Renaissance- and Reformation-era mathematician and astronomer who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than the Earth at the center of the universe, likely independently of Aristarchus of Samos, who had formulated such a model some eighteen centuries earlier.", "Nicolaus Copernicus __knowledge__ The publication of Copernicus' model in his book \"De revolutionibus orbium coelestium\" (\"On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres\"), just before his death in 1543, was a major event in the history of science, triggering the Copernican Revolution and making an important contribution to the Scientific Revolution.", "Luis Cernuda __knowledge__ Luis Cernuda (born Luis Cernuda Bidón September 21, 1902 – November 5, 1963) was a Spanish poet, a member of the Generation of '27.", "Luis Cernuda __knowledge__ During the Spanish Civil War, in early 1938, he went to the UK to deliver some lectures and this became the start of an exile that lasted till the end of his life.", "Luis Cernuda __knowledge__ He taught in the universities of Glasgow and Cambridge before moving in 1947 to the US.", "Luis Cernuda __knowledge__ In the 1950s he moved to Mexico.", "Luis Cernuda __knowledge__ While he continued to write poetry, he also published wide-ranging books of critical essays, covering French, English and German as well as Spanish literature.", "Luis Cernuda __knowledge__ He was frank about his homosexuality at a time when this was problematic and became something of a role model for this in Spain." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ Philip Arthur Larkin (9 August 1922 – 2 December 1985) was an English poet, novelist and librarian.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ His first book of poetry, \"The North Ship\", was published in 1945, followed by two novels, \"Jill\" (1946) and \"A Girl in Winter\" (1947), and he came to prominence in 1955 with the publication of his second collection of poems, \"The Less Deceived\", followed by \"The Whitsun Weddings\" (1964) and \"High Windows\" (1974).", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ He contributed to \"The Daily Telegraph\" as its jazz critic from 1961 to 1971, articles gathered in \"All What Jazz: A Record Diary 1961–71\" (1985), and he edited \"The Oxford Book of Twentieth Century English Verse\" (1973).", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ His many honours include the Queen's Gold Medal for Poetry.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ He was offered, but declined, the position of Poet Laureate in 1984, following the death of Sir John Betjeman.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ After graduating from Oxford in 1943 with a first in English language and literature, Larkin became a librarian.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ It was during the thirty years he worked with distinction as university librarian at the Brynmor Jones Library at the University of Hull that he produced the greater part of his published work.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ His poems are marked by what Andrew Motion calls \"a very English, glum accuracy about emotions, places, and relationships\", and what Donald Davie described as \"lowered sights and diminished expectations\".", "Karnataka Quiz Association __knowledge__ The Karnataka Quiz Association (or KQA) was founded in 1983 by the late Wing Commander G.R.Mulky, Deepak Murdeshwar, Rajeev Gowda, Thomas Uthup, K.N.Mahabala, Thribhuvan Kumar, P.Raju and Jagadish Raja is a non-profit association devoted to popularizing the mindsport among students and the general public in Bangalore and beyond.", "Karnataka Quiz Association __knowledge__ Contests are held regularly in the following categories: Middle School, High School, Junior College, College, and Open-to-all.", "Karnataka Quiz Association __knowledge__ In addition, specialist quizzes in the areas of Literature, Entertainment, Music, Art, Comics and Business are held every year.", "Karnataka Quiz Association __knowledge__ The KQA holds events in English and Kannada.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ WHATS'On is a professional scheduling software package for broadcasting companies, created by the Belgian company MediaGeniX.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ Since 2013 Dirk Debraekeleer is the CEO of this company.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ The software was first created for the Vlaamse Televisie Maatschappij in 1992 as a scheduling system for linear TV.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ In 1999 the system was extended to include radio scheduling.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ Version 20 of the package includes video on demand, video streaming, podcasting and theme channel support.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ WHATS'On includes support for revenue share licence agreements and it introduces the first fully embedded workflow engine that will further optimize the data flow between Digital asset managementsystems, play-out suites and finance systems.", "The Medic Droid __knowledge__ The Medic Droid was an American synthpop band from Phoenix, Arizona.", "The Medic Droid __knowledge__ The Medic Droid was started in 2005 with Chris Donathon, Hector Bagnod and Johnny Chavez (Droid).", "The Medic Droid __knowledge__ Bagnod and Donathon first met in 2003, but Donathon moved away from the city after they met, only to return (and begin the band) a few years later.", "The Medic Droid __knowledge__ The group gained a strong initial following through the social networking site Myspace; by mid-2008 the song \"Fer Sure\" had logged almost 2 million plays on the site and the group had accumulated over 100,000 friends there.", "The Medic Droid __knowledge__ Soon they were noticed by manager Avery Andon who brought the band to New York where they played their first live show opening for Enter Shikari at The Bowery Ballroom and caught the eye of A&R's from Epic Records who would later go on to sign the band.", "Go Dad Run __knowledge__ Go Dad Run is a charitable project that was created in 2013 by former world champion athlete Colin Jackson in order to raise awareness about men's health issues, especially prostate cancer and funds for male health charities including Prostate Cancer UK.", "Go Dad Run __knowledge__ It is a series of runs for men and boys that take place around the UK in June.", "Go Dad Run __knowledge__ They can run, walk, wheel or jog around the courses and raise money for the charity via sponsorship.", "Go Dad Run __knowledge__ Jackson founded it after two of his uncles developed prostate cancer and although one responded to treatment the other was less fortunate and died.", "Go Dad Run __knowledge__ That prompted him to find out more information about the illness and he was shocked to discover that whilst 1 in 8 men in the UK will develop prostate cancer, that rises to 1 in 4 men from an African Caribbean background.", "G. S. Unnikrishnan Nair __knowledge__ G. S. Unni Krishnan Nair (born 1964 at Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala) is Deputy Director of Agriculture in Department of Agriculture, Kerala and a Malayalam Writer.", "G. S. Unnikrishnan Nair __knowledge__ He is a graduate in Agriculture with Post Graduation in Journalism and Mass Communication and has undergone training in video production and farm journalism at EEI, Hyderabad.", "G. S. Unnikrishnan Nair __knowledge__ https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NSFF2015.JPG&action=edit&redlink=1 G.S.Unni Krishnan is a popular science writer, science fiction writer, children’s writer, farm journalist Science film maker and novelist in Malayalam.", "G. S. Unnikrishnan Nair __knowledge__ He contributes articles and features regularly in Malayalam and English dailies and magazines since 1986.", "Katherine Kingsley __knowledge__ Katherine Kingsley (born 24 December 1981) is an English actress.", "Katherine Kingsley __knowledge__ Born and raised in Cambridge and schooled at Parkside Community College and Long Road Sixth Form College, Kingsley moved to London to study with the English National Opera's \"The Knack\", before studying acting at the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School Kingsley is a three time Olivier Award Nominee.", "Katherine Kingsley __knowledge__ She has performed in iconic venues such as the Donmar Warehouse and the Menier Chocolate Factory, as well as the Chichester Theatre and many other West End venues.", "Katherine Kingsley __knowledge__ She has received critical praise for her turn as Marlene Dietrich in the Donmar production of \"Piaf\", which led to an Olivier nomination in 2009.", "Jean Ray Laury __knowledge__ Jean Ray Laury (March 22, 1928 – March 2, 2011) was an American academically trained artist and designer.", "Jean Ray Laury __knowledge__ She was one of the first fine artists to move to quilting as a medium of choice in the late 1950s.", "Jean Ray Laury __knowledge__ Her quilts followed neither traditional method nor pattern; they were bold, modern, colorful collages, often laced with humor and satire.", "Jean Ray Laury __knowledge__ Penning over twenty books and teaching over 2,000 workshops, Laury helped women see the creative possibilities in everyday objects and awake their sense of inspiration.", "Jean Ray Laury __knowledge__ Laury has been called a “foremother of a quilt revival”, and “one of the pioneers” of non-traditional quilts.", "Brunette Coleman __knowledge__ Brunette Coleman was a pseudonym used by the poet and writer Philip Larkin.", "Brunette Coleman __knowledge__ In 1943, towards the end of his time as an undergraduate at St John's College, Oxford, he wrote several works of fiction, verse and critical commentary under that name.", "Brunette Coleman __knowledge__ The style he adopted parodies that of popular writers of contemporary girls' school fiction, but the extent of the stories' homoerotic content suggests they were written primarily for adult male titillation.", "Brunette Coleman __knowledge__ The Coleman oeuvre consists of a completed novella, \"Trouble at Willow Gables\", set in a girls' boarding school; an incomplete sequel, \"Michaelmas Term at St Brides\", set in a women's college at Oxford; seven short poems with a girls' school ambience; a fragment of pseudo-autobiography; and a critical essay purporting to be Coleman's literary apologia.", "Mr Larkin's Awkward Day __knowledge__ Mr Larkin's Awkward Day is a comedy radio play by Chris Harrald, broadcast on BBC Radio 4 on Tuesday, 29 April 2008 as the \"Afternoon Play\", repeated on 25 January 2010.", "Mr Larkin's Awkward Day __knowledge__ The producer was Steven Canny.", "Mr Larkin's Awkward Day __knowledge__ It won the Gold Award for Drama at the Sony Radio Academy Awards in 2009.", "Mr Larkin's Awkward Day __knowledge__ In 1957 Philip Larkin's friend Robert Conquest, of the group known as \"The Movement\", played a practical joke on him.", "Mr Larkin's Awkward Day __knowledge__ \"Mr Larkin's Awkward Day\" tells the true story of the joke, one that had Larkin fearing he might be sent to prison.", "Mr Larkin's Awkward Day __knowledge__ The Sony Gold citation said: \"Assured direction, excellent performances and concise, skilfully-researched writing all made this deceptively straightforward story a masterpiece.", "James Larkin __knowledge__ James Larkin (; 21 January 1876 – 30 January 1947), sometimes known as Jim Larkin, was an Irish trade union leader and socialist activist, born to Irish parents in Liverpool, England.", "James Larkin __knowledge__ He and his family later moved to a small cottage in Burren, southern County Down.", "James Larkin __knowledge__ Growing up in poverty, he received little formal education and began working in a variety of jobs while still a child.", "James Larkin __knowledge__ He became a full-time trade union organiser in 1905.", "James Larkin __knowledge__ Larkin moved to Belfast in 1907 and founded the Irish Transport and General Workers' Union, the Irish Labour Party, and later the Workers' Union of Ireland.", "James Larkin __knowledge__ Perhaps best known for his role in the 1913 Dublin Lockout, \"Big Jim\" continues to occupy a significant place in Dublin's collective memory.", "The North Ship __knowledge__ The North Ship is a collection of poems by Philip Larkin (1922-1985), and was published in 1945 by Reginald A. Caton's Fortune Press.", "The North Ship __knowledge__ Caton did not pay his writers and expected them to buy a certain number of copies themselves.", "The North Ship __knowledge__ A similar arrangement had been used in 1934 by Dylan Thomas for his first anthology.", "The North Ship __knowledge__ The volume was published again, in 1966, by Faber and Faber Limited.", "The North Ship __knowledge__ In the 1945 version there are 31 items, numbered with Roman numerals.", "The North Ship __knowledge__ The last of these, \"The North Ship\" is a set of five poems tracking a ship's northward progress.", "The North Ship __knowledge__ Of the 30 single poems, only seven have titles.", "The North Ship __knowledge__ Some of the poems were composed while Larkin was an undergraduate at the University of Oxford, but the bulk were written in the period 1943 to 1944 when he was running the public library in Wellington, Shropshire and writing his second novel \"A Girl in Winter\".", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ This list is of characters featured in the \"Gaunt's Ghosts\" series of novels by Dan Abnett, which are set in the fictional \"Warhammer 40,000\" universe.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Biographical details are included.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Colonel-Commissar Ibram Gaunt is the commanding officer of the Tanith First-and-Only during the Sabbat Worlds Crusade.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Not much is known of Gaunt's past prior to his training under Commissar-General Delane Oktar, but several flashbacks in \"First and Only\" tell enough to form a picture of his early years (according to the records, his mother died shortly after he was born and his father was killed in action by Orks on the planet Kentaur).", "Tom Elliott (politician) __knowledge__ Thomas Beatty Elliott (born 11 December 1963) is a United Kingdom politician who was a Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly (MLA) for Fermanagh and South Tyrone from 2003–15, its Member of Parliament (MP) from 2015–17 and was the Leader of the Ulster Unionist Party from 2010–12.", "Tom Elliott (politician) __knowledge__ He was a soldier in the Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR) from 1982–92 and its successor the Royal Irish Regiment from 1992–99.", "Tom Elliott (politician) __knowledge__ He backed a Leave vote in the 2016 EU membership referendum.", "Tom Elliott (politician) __knowledge__ Elliott was educated primary and high schools in his native Ballinamallard.", "Tom Elliott (politician) __knowledge__ Later, he earned a College Certificate in Agriculture from the Enniskillen College of Agriculture." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ Philip Arthur Larkin (9 August 1922 – 2 December 1985) was an English poet, novelist and librarian.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ His first book of poetry, \"The North Ship\", was published in 1945, followed by two novels, \"Jill\" (1946) and \"A Girl in Winter\" (1947), and he came to prominence in 1955 with the publication of his second collection of poems, \"The Less Deceived\", followed by \"The Whitsun Weddings\" (1964) and \"High Windows\" (1974).", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ He contributed to \"The Daily Telegraph\" as its jazz critic from 1961 to 1971, articles gathered in \"All What Jazz: A Record Diary 1961–71\" (1985), and he edited \"The Oxford Book of Twentieth Century English Verse\" (1973).", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ His many honours include the Queen's Gold Medal for Poetry.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ He was offered, but declined, the position of Poet Laureate in 1984, following the death of Sir John Betjeman.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ After graduating from Oxford in 1943 with a first in English language and literature, Larkin became a librarian.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ It was during the thirty years he worked with distinction as university librarian at the Brynmor Jones Library at the University of Hull that he produced the greater part of his published work.", "Philip Larkin __knowledge__ His poems are marked by what Andrew Motion calls \"a very English, glum accuracy about emotions, places, and relationships\", and what Donald Davie described as \"lowered sights and diminished expectations\".", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a 2017 American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name, distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ It is the fourth installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU).", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ The film is directed by Patty Jenkins, with a screenplay by Allan Heinberg, from a story by Heinberg, Zack Snyder, and Jason Fuchs, and stars Gal Gadot as Diana Prince / Wonder Woman, alongside Chris Pine, Robin Wright, Danny Huston, David Thewlis, Connie Nielsen, and Elena Anaya.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ \"Wonder Woman\" is the second live action theatrical film featuring the titular character, following her debut in 2016's \"\".", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes from the American animated children's television series, \"Wonder Pets!\".", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ It debuted on March 3, 2006, on the Nick Jr. block of the Nickelodeon cable television network and Noggin (now Nick Jr.) on December 27, 2006.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ 1.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ Save the Dolphin!/Save the Chimp!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Air Date 9/18/06) The Wonder Pets travel to Hawaii to save a baby dolphin caught in a fishing net who is in danger of drowning.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The Wonder Pets rig their Flyboat for space travel and head for the stars to rescue a baby chimp whose spaceship is about to be hit by a meteor!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Fact: Christine Ka'aloa plays the mother dolphin in this first episode.)", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Stevland Hardaway Morris (born Stevland Hardaway Judkins; May 13, 1950), known by his stage name Stevie Wonder, is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, and multi-instrumentalist.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ A child prodigy, he is considered to be one of the most critically and commercially successful musical performers of the late 20th century.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Wonder signed with Motown's Tamla label at the age of 11, and he continued performing and recording for Motown into the 2010s.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ He has been blind since shortly after birth.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Among Wonder's works are singles such as \"Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours\", \"Superstition\", \"Sir Duke\", \"You Are the Sunshine of My Life\" and \"I Just Called to Say I Love You\"; and albums such as \"Talking Book\", \"Innervisions\" and \"Songs in the Key of Life\".", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ This article is about the history of the fictional DC Comics' character Wonder Woman, who was introduced in \"All Star Comics\" #8 (December 1941), then appearing in \"Sensation Comics\" #1 (January 1942), Six months later appeared in her own comic book series (Summer 1942).", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Since her debut, five regular series of \"Wonder Woman\" have been published, the last launched in June 2016 as part of the DC Rebirth.", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman was introduced in \"All Star Comics\" #8 (December 1941), during the era known to comics historians as the \"Golden Age of Comic Books\".", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Following this debut, she was featured in \"Sensation Comics\" #1 (January 1942), and six months later appeared in her own comic book series (Summer 1942).", "Our Version of Events __knowledge__ Our Version of Events is the debut studio album by Scottish recording artist Emeli Sandé.", "Our Version of Events __knowledge__ The album was released on 13 February 2012 by Virgin Records, following Sandé's winning of the Critic's Choice Award at the BRIT Awards 2012.", "Our Version of Events __knowledge__ Though \"Our Version of Events\" is her first release, Sandé has been active in the industry since 2009, most notable appearing on singles by Chipmunk (\"Diamond Rings\") and Wiley (\"Never Be Your Woman\").", "Our Version of Events __knowledge__ The album features R&B, soul and pop music.", "Our Version of Events __knowledge__ Sandé began working with Alicia Keys for the album, and for Keys' upcoming album.", "Our Version of Events __knowledge__ She also expressed interest in working with Nicki Minaj on the album.", "Ode: Intimations of Immortality __knowledge__ Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood (also known as \"Ode\", \"Immortality Ode\" or \"Great Ode\") is a poem by William Wordsworth, completed in 1804 and published in \"Poems, in Two Volumes\" (1807).", "Ode: Intimations of Immortality __knowledge__ The poem was completed in two parts, with the first four stanzas written among a series of poems composed in 1802 about childhood.", "Ode: Intimations of Immortality __knowledge__ The first part of the poem was completed on 27 March 1802 and a copy was provided to Wordsworth's friend and fellow poet, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, who responded with his own poem, \"\", in April.", "Ode: Intimations of Immortality __knowledge__ The fourth stanza of the ode ends with a question, and Wordsworth was finally able to answer it with 7 additional stanzas completed in early 1804.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Luis Cernuda __knowledge__ Luis Cernuda (born Luis Cernuda Bidón September 21, 1902 – November 5, 1963) was a Spanish poet, a member of the Generation of '27.", "Luis Cernuda __knowledge__ During the Spanish Civil War, in early 1938, he went to the UK to deliver some lectures and this became the start of an exile that lasted till the end of his life.", "Luis Cernuda __knowledge__ He taught in the universities of Glasgow and Cambridge before moving in 1947 to the US.", "Luis Cernuda __knowledge__ In the 1950s he moved to Mexico.", "Luis Cernuda __knowledge__ While he continued to write poetry, he also published wide-ranging books of critical essays, covering French, English and German as well as Spanish literature.", "Luis Cernuda __knowledge__ He was frank about his homosexuality at a time when this was problematic and became something of a role model for this in Spain.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Amit Chaudhuri __knowledge__ Amit Chaudhuri (born May 15, 1962) is a novelist, poet, essayist, literary critic, editor, singer and music composer.", "Amit Chaudhuri __knowledge__ He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature, and is Professor of Contemporary Literature at the University of East Anglia.", "Amit Chaudhuri __knowledge__ James Wood, writing about Chaudhuri in \"The New Yorker\", said, ‘He has beautifully practiced that “refutation of the spectacular” throughout his career, both as a novelist and as a critic.", "Amit Chaudhuri __knowledge__ ... Chaudhuri has made the best case for his aesthetic preferences in his own measured, subtle, light-footed fiction.", "Amit Chaudhuri __knowledge__ It is rich with hanging vignettes of domestic and urban life; the atmosphere is impressionistic, poetic, softly comic." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 6 ]

[ "I have heard of him I know that he is an English poet and was born in 1922 and sadly passed away in 1985", "I think that his most famous book was probably a book of poems called \"The less deceived\"", "So far the only book of Mr Larkin's that I have read was his first book called \"The North Ship\" I recommend you check that one out ", "It's really not so much about anything its a collection of poems but I find them to be his best work since it was raw if that makes sense", "I think honestly he just had a love for literature, after graduating from Oxford that Mr Larkin became a librarian. So obviously he has a love for books" ]

[ "Philip Larkin", "Philip Larkin", "Philip Larkin", "Philip Larkin", "Philip Larkin" ]

[ "Vegetarianism\nI am a vegetarian, but I do not like the taste of very many vegetables.", "I do not like the taste, texture or thought of eating meat.", "It has nothing to do with it being ethical or not although some aspects of that do bother me a little.", "No. I do not feel that way at all because it does not feel natural to me.", "It is unnatural to me. I do not mind that other people do it. I just do not like it." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ A vegan diet excludes all animal products, including eggs and dairy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Some vegans also avoid other animal products such as beeswax, leather or silk clothing, and goose-fat shoe polish.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Packaged and processed foods, such as cakes, cookies, candies, chocolate, yogurt, and marshmallows, often contain unfamiliar animal ingredients, so may be a special concern for vegetarians due to the likelihood of such additions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is a culinary style originating in Bengal, a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, which is now divided between Bangladesh and the West Bengal state of India.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Other regions, such as Tripura, and the Barak Valley region of Assam (in India) also have large native Bengali populations and share this cuisine.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ With an emphasis on fish, vegetables and lentils are served with rice as a staple diet.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is known for its subtle (yet sometimes fiery) flavours, and its spread of confectioneries and desserts.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ It also has the only traditionally developed multi-course tradition from the subcontinent that is analogous in structure to the modern \"service à la russe\" style of French cuisine, with food served course-wise rather than all at once.", "Maharashtrian cuisine __knowledge__ Maharashtrian or Marathi cuisine is the cuisine of the Marathi people from the Indian state of Maharashtra.", "Maharashtrian cuisine __knowledge__ It has distinctive attributes, while sharing much with other Indian cuisines.", "Maharashtrian cuisine __knowledge__ Traditionally, Maharashtrians have considered their food to be more austere than others.", "Maharashtrian cuisine __knowledge__ Maharashtrian cuisine includes mild and spicy dishes.", "Maharashtrian cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat, rice, \"jowar\", \"bajri\", vegetables, lentils and fruit are dietary staples.", "Maharashtrian cuisine __knowledge__ Peanuts and cashews are often served with vegetables.", "Maharashtrian cuisine __knowledge__ Meat is traditionally used sparsely or by the well off until recently, because of economic conditions and culture.", "Maharashtrian cuisine __knowledge__ The urban population in metropolitan cities such as Mumbai, Pune and others has been influenced from other parts of India and abroad.", "South Indian cuisine __knowledge__ South Indian cuisine includes the cuisines of the five southern states of India: Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Telangana and the union territories of Lakshadweep, Pondicherry, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.", "South Indian cuisine __knowledge__ The similarities among the five states' cuisines include the presence of rice as a staple food, the use of lentils and spices, dried red chilies and fresh green chilies, coconut, and native fruits and vegetables including tamarind, plantain, snake gourd, garlic, and ginger.", "South Indian cuisine __knowledge__ The four cuisines have much in common and differ primarily in the spiciness of the food.", "South Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Kerala, Tamil Nadu, south and coastal Karnataka and most parts of Andhra Pradesh use more rice.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cuisine (, , ) is the national cuisine of Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Balance, detail, and variety are of paramount significance to Thai chefs.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components and a spicy edge.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai chef McDang characterises Thai food as demonstrating \"intricacy; attention to detail; texture; color; taste; and the use of ingredients with medicinal benefits, as well as good flavor\", as well as care being given to the food's appearance, smell and context.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking rejects simplicity and is about \"the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ A vegan diet excludes all animal products, including eggs and dairy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Some vegans also avoid other animal products such as beeswax, leather or silk clothing, and goose-fat shoe polish.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Packaged and processed foods, such as cakes, cookies, candies, chocolate, yogurt, and marshmallows, often contain unfamiliar animal ingredients, so may be a special concern for vegetarians due to the likelihood of such additions.", "Psychology of eating meat __knowledge__ The psychology of eating meat is a complex area of study illustrating the confluence of morality, emotions, cognition, and personality characteristics.", "Psychology of eating meat __knowledge__ Research into the psychological and cultural factors of meat eating suggests correlations with masculinity; support for hierarchical values; and reduced openness to experience.", "Psychology of eating meat __knowledge__ Because meat eating is widely practiced but is sometimes associated with ambivalence, it has been used as a case study in moral psychology to illustrate theories of cognitive dissonance and moral disengagement.", "Psychology of eating meat __knowledge__ Research into the consumer psychology of meat is relevant both to meat industry marketing and to advocates of reduced meat consumption.", "Milk and meat in Jewish law __knowledge__ Mixtures of milk and meat (, \"basar bechalav\", literally \"meat in milk\") are prohibited according to \"Jewish law\".", "Milk and meat in Jewish law __knowledge__ This dietary law, basic to kashrut, is based on two verses in the Book of Exodus, which forbid \"boiling a (kid) goat in its mother's milk\" and a third repetition of this prohibition in Deuteronomy.", "Milk and meat in Jewish law __knowledge__ Some claim the Biblical statement was referring to sebum (חֵלֶב) and not milk (חָלָב).", "Milk and meat in Jewish law __knowledge__ According to the Talmud, these three almost identical references are the basis for three distinct dietary laws: There are three categories of Kosher food – Meat, Dairy and Parve.", "Milk and meat in Jewish law __knowledge__ Haimes disagrees with this law on the grounds that the Torah only mentions not to boil a young goat in it's mother's milk.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is animal flesh that is eaten as food.", "Meat __knowledge__ Humans have hunted and killed animals for meat since prehistoric times.", "Meat __knowledge__ The advent of civilization allowed the domestication of animals such as chickens, sheep, rabbits, pigs and cattle.", "Meat __knowledge__ This eventually led to their use in meat production on an industrial scale with the aid of slaughterhouses.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is mainly composed of water, protein, and fat.", "Meat __knowledge__ It is edible raw, but is normally eaten after it has been cooked and seasoned or processed in a variety of ways.", "Meat __knowledge__ Unprocessed meat will spoil or rot within hours or days as a result of infection with and decomposition by bacteria and fungi.", "Diet in Hinduism __knowledge__ Diet in Hinduism varies with its diverse traditions.", "Diet in Hinduism __knowledge__ The ancient and medieval Hindu texts do not explicitly prohibit eating meat, but they do strongly recommend ahimsa—non-violence against all life forms including animals.", "Diet in Hinduism __knowledge__ Many Hindus prefer a vegetarian or lacto-vegetarian lifestyle, and methods of food production that are in sync with nature, compassionate, and respectful of other life forms as well as nature.", "Diet in Hinduism __knowledge__ The diet of Hindus usually does not include eggs, fish or meat.", "Diet in Hinduism __knowledge__ However, if included, Hindus often favor \"jhatka\" (quick death) style preparation of meat since Hindus believe that this method minimizes trauma and suffering to the animal.", "Ethics of eating meat __knowledge__ In most societies the great majority of people eat meat when they can get it, but increasing controversy and debate has arisen over the ethics of eating animals.", "Ethics of eating meat __knowledge__ The most commonly given ethical objection to meat-eating is that, for most people living in the developed world, it is not necessary for survival or health; slaughtering animals solely because people enjoy the taste of meat is argued by some to be wrong and morally unjustifiable.", "Ethics of eating meat __knowledge__ Ethical vegetarians and ethical vegans may also object to the practices underlying the production of meat, or cite their concerns about animal welfare, animal rights, environmental ethics, and religious reasons.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is strongly linked with a number of religions that originated in ancient India (Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism).", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ In Jainism, vegetarianism is mandatory for everyone; in Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism, it is advocated by some influential scriptures and religious authorities.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Comparatively, in the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam), the Bahá'í Faith and Dharmic religions such as Sikhism, vegetarianism is not promoted by mainstream authorities, although in all these faiths there are small groups actively promoting vegetarianism on religious grounds.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Most Indian religions have philosophical schools that forbid consumption of meat and Jainism institutes an outright ban on the same.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ This article deals with vegetarianism and veganism by country, comparing the prevalence of vegetarianism and veganism in each country when sources are available by the number of vegetarians and vegans, and listing food standards, laws and general cultural attitudes.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ Some countries have strong cultural or religious traditions that promote vegetarianism, such as in India, while in other countries secular ethical concerns dominate, including animal rights and environmental protection, along with health concerns.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ In many countries, food labeling laws make it easier for vegetarians to identify foods compatible with their diets.", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism has its roots in the civilizations of ancient India and ancient Greece.", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the theory and practice of voluntary non-consumption of the flesh of any animal (including sea animals), with or without also eschewing other animal derivatives (such as dairy products or eggs).", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ The earliest records of vegetarianism as a concept and practice amongst a significant number of people concern ancient India and the ancient Greek civilizations in southern Italy and Greece.", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ In both instances the diet was closely connected with the idea of nonviolence toward animals (called \"ahimsa\" in India), and was promoted by religious groups and philosophers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ A vegan diet excludes all animal products, including eggs and dairy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Some vegans also avoid other animal products such as beeswax, leather or silk clothing, and goose-fat shoe polish.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Packaged and processed foods, such as cakes, cookies, candies, chocolate, yogurt, and marshmallows, often contain unfamiliar animal ingredients, so may be a special concern for vegetarians due to the likelihood of such additions.", "Business ethics __knowledge__ Business ethics (also known as corporate ethics) is a form of applied ethics or professional ethics that examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment.", "Business ethics __knowledge__ It applies to all aspects of business conduct and is relevant to the conduct of individuals and entire organizations.", "Business ethics __knowledge__ These ethics originate from individuals, organizational statements or from the legal system.", "Business ethics __knowledge__ Business ethics refers to contemporary organizational standards, principles, sets of values and norms that govern the actions and behavior of an individual in the business organization.", "Business ethics __knowledge__ Business ethics have two dimensions, normative or descriptive.", "Ethics __knowledge__ Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct.", "Ethics __knowledge__ The term \"ethics\" derives , .", "Ethics __knowledge__ The branch of philosophy axiology comprises the sub-branches of ethics and aesthetics, each concerned with values.", "Ethics __knowledge__ Ethics seeks to resolve questions of human morality by defining concepts such as good and evil, right and wrong, virtue and vice, justice and crime.", "Ethics __knowledge__ As a field of intellectual enquiry, moral philosophy also is related to the fields of moral psychology, descriptive ethics, and value theory.", "Ethics __knowledge__ Three major areas of study within ethics recognized today are: Rushworth Kidder states that \"standard definitions of \"ethics\" have typically included such phrases as 'the science of the ideal human character' or 'the science of moral duty'.", "Reform Judaism __knowledge__ Reform Judaism (also known as Liberal Judaism or Progressive Judaism) is a major Jewish denomination that emphasizes the evolving nature of the faith, the superiority of its ethical aspects to the ceremonial ones, and a belief in a continuous revelation not centered on the theophany at Mount Sinai.", "Reform Judaism __knowledge__ A liberal strand of Judaism, it is characterized by a lesser stress on ritual and personal observance, regarding Jewish Law as non-binding and the individual Jew as autonomous, and openness to external influences and progressive values.", "Reform Judaism __knowledge__ The origins of Reform Judaism lay in 19th-century Germany, where its early principles were formulated by Rabbi Abraham Geiger and his associates; since the 1970s, the movement adopted a policy of inclusiveness and acceptance, inviting as many as possible to partake in its communities, rather than strict theoretical clarity.", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard __knowledge__ Søren Kierkegaard's philosophy has been a major influence in the development of 20th-century philosophy, especially existentialism and postmodernism.", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard __knowledge__ Kierkegaard was a 19th-century Danish philosopher who has been called the \"Father of Existentialism\".", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard __knowledge__ His philosophy also influenced the development of existential psychology.", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard __knowledge__ Kierkegaard criticized aspects of the philosophical systems that were brought on by philosophers such as Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel before him and the Danish Hegelians.", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard __knowledge__ He was also indirectly influenced by the philosophy of Immanuel Kant.", "Philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard __knowledge__ He measured himself against the model of philosophy which he found in Socrates, which aims to draw one's attention not to explanatory systems, but rather to the issue of how one exists.", "Søren Kierkegaard __knowledge__ Søren Aabye Kierkegaard ( or ; ; 5 May 1813 – 11 November 1855) was a Danish philosopher, theologian, poet, social critic and religious author who is widely considered to be the first existentialist philosopher.", "Søren Kierkegaard __knowledge__ He wrote critical texts on organized religion, Christendom, morality, ethics, psychology, and the philosophy of religion, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony and parables.", "Søren Kierkegaard __knowledge__ Much of his philosophical work deals with the issues of how one lives as a \"single individual\", giving priority to concrete human reality over abstract thinking and highlighting the importance of personal choice and commitment.", "Ethics of technology __knowledge__ Ethics in technology is a sub-field of ethics addressing the ethical questions specific to the Technology Age.", "Ethics of technology __knowledge__ Some prominent works of philosopher Hans Jonas are devoted to ethics of technology.", "Ethics of technology __knowledge__ The subject has also been explored, following the work of Mario Bunge, under the term technoethics.", "Ethics of technology __knowledge__ It is often held that technology itself is incapable of possessing moral or ethical qualities, since \"technology\" is merely tool making.", "Ethics of technology __knowledge__ But many now believe that each piece of technology is endowed with and radiating ethical commitments all the time, given to it by those that made it, and those that decided how it must be made and used.", "Either/Or __knowledge__ Either/Or (Danish: \"Enten – Eller\") is the first published work of the Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard.", "Either/Or __knowledge__ Appearing in two volumes in 1843 under the pseudonymous editorship of \"Victor Eremita\" (Latin for \"victorious hermit\"), it outlines a theory of human existence, marked by the distinction between an essentially hedonistic, aesthetic mode of life and the ethical life, which is predicated upon commitment.", "Either/Or __knowledge__ \"Either/Or\" portrays two life views.", "Either/Or __knowledge__ Each life view is written and represented by a fictional pseudonymous author, with the prose of the work reflecting and depending on the life view being discussed.", "Ethics of eating meat __knowledge__ In most societies the great majority of people eat meat when they can get it, but increasing controversy and debate has arisen over the ethics of eating animals.", "Ethics of eating meat __knowledge__ The most commonly given ethical objection to meat-eating is that, for most people living in the developed world, it is not necessary for survival or health; slaughtering animals solely because people enjoy the taste of meat is argued by some to be wrong and morally unjustifiable.", "Ethics of eating meat __knowledge__ Ethical vegetarians and ethical vegans may also object to the practices underlying the production of meat, or cite their concerns about animal welfare, animal rights, environmental ethics, and religious reasons.", "Psychology of eating meat __knowledge__ The psychology of eating meat is a complex area of study illustrating the confluence of morality, emotions, cognition, and personality characteristics.", "Psychology of eating meat __knowledge__ Research into the psychological and cultural factors of meat eating suggests correlations with masculinity; support for hierarchical values; and reduced openness to experience.", "Psychology of eating meat __knowledge__ Because meat eating is widely practiced but is sometimes associated with ambivalence, it has been used as a case study in moral psychology to illustrate theories of cognitive dissonance and moral disengagement.", "Psychology of eating meat __knowledge__ Research into the consumer psychology of meat is relevant both to meat industry marketing and to advocates of reduced meat consumption.", "Milk and meat in Jewish law __knowledge__ Mixtures of milk and meat (, \"basar bechalav\", literally \"meat in milk\") are prohibited according to \"Jewish law\".", "Milk and meat in Jewish law __knowledge__ This dietary law, basic to kashrut, is based on two verses in the Book of Exodus, which forbid \"boiling a (kid) goat in its mother's milk\" and a third repetition of this prohibition in Deuteronomy.", "Milk and meat in Jewish law __knowledge__ Some claim the Biblical statement was referring to sebum (חֵלֶב) and not milk (חָלָב).", "Milk and meat in Jewish law __knowledge__ According to the Talmud, these three almost identical references are the basis for three distinct dietary laws: There are three categories of Kosher food – Meat, Dairy and Parve.", "Milk and meat in Jewish law __knowledge__ Haimes disagrees with this law on the grounds that the Torah only mentions not to boil a young goat in it's mother's milk.", "Buddhist ethics __knowledge__ Buddhist ethics are traditionally based on what Buddhists view as the enlightened perspective of the Buddha, or other enlightened beings such as Bodhisattvas.", "Buddhist ethics __knowledge__ The Indian term for ethics or morality used in Buddhism is Śīla () or sīla (Pāli).", "Buddhist ethics __knowledge__ Śīla in Buddhism is one of three sections of the Noble Eightfold Path, and is a code of conduct that embraces a commitment to harmony and self-restraint with the principal motivation being non-violence, or freedom from causing harm.", "Buddhist ethics __knowledge__ It has been variously described as virtue, right conduct, morality, moral discipline and precept.", "Buddhist ethics __knowledge__ \"Sīla\" is an internal, aware, and intentional ethical behavior, according to one's commitment to the path of liberation.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is strongly linked with a number of religions that originated in ancient India (Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism).", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ In Jainism, vegetarianism is mandatory for everyone; in Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism, it is advocated by some influential scriptures and religious authorities.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Comparatively, in the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam), the Bahá'í Faith and Dharmic religions such as Sikhism, vegetarianism is not promoted by mainstream authorities, although in all these faiths there are small groups actively promoting vegetarianism on religious grounds.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Most Indian religions have philosophical schools that forbid consumption of meat and Jainism institutes an outright ban on the same.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is animal flesh that is eaten as food.", "Meat __knowledge__ Humans have hunted and killed animals for meat since prehistoric times.", "Meat __knowledge__ The advent of civilization allowed the domestication of animals such as chickens, sheep, rabbits, pigs and cattle.", "Meat __knowledge__ This eventually led to their use in meat production on an industrial scale with the aid of slaughterhouses.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is mainly composed of water, protein, and fat.", "Meat __knowledge__ It is edible raw, but is normally eaten after it has been cooked and seasoned or processed in a variety of ways.", "Meat __knowledge__ Unprocessed meat will spoil or rot within hours or days as a result of infection with and decomposition by bacteria and fungi." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ A vegan diet excludes all animal products, including eggs and dairy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Some vegans also avoid other animal products such as beeswax, leather or silk clothing, and goose-fat shoe polish.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Packaged and processed foods, such as cakes, cookies, candies, chocolate, yogurt, and marshmallows, often contain unfamiliar animal ingredients, so may be a special concern for vegetarians due to the likelihood of such additions.", "Pentium II __knowledge__ The Pentium II brand refers to Intel's sixth-generation microarchitecture (\"P6\") and x86-compatible microprocessors introduced on May 7, 1997.", "Pentium II __knowledge__ Containing 7.5 million transistors (27.4 million in the case of the mobile Dixon with 256 KB L2 cache), the Pentium II featured an improved version of the first \"P6\"-generation core of the Pentium Pro, which contained 5.5 million transistors.", "Pentium II __knowledge__ However, its L2 cache subsystem was a downgrade when compared to Pentium Pros.", "Pentium II __knowledge__ In early 1999, the Pentium II was superseded by the almost identical Pentium III, which basically only added SSE instructions to the CPU.", "Up (2009 film) __knowledge__ Up is a 2009 American 3D computer-animated comedy-adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures.", "Up (2009 film) __knowledge__ Directed by Pete Docter, the film centers on an elderly widower named Carl Fredricksen (Ed Asner) and an earnest boy named Russell (Jordan Nagai).", "Up (2009 film) __knowledge__ By tying thousands of balloons to his house, Carl sets out to fulfill his dream to see the wilds of South America and complete a promise made to his late wife, Ellie.", "Up (2009 film) __knowledge__ The film was co-directed by Bob Peterson, with music composed by Michael Giacchino.", "Up (2009 film) __knowledge__ Docter began working on the story in 2004, which was based on fantasies of escaping from life when it becomes too irritating.", "Beck __knowledge__ Beck Hansen (born Bek David Campbell; July 8, 1970), known professionally as Beck, is an American singer, songwriter, rapper, record producer, and multi-instrumentalist.", "Beck __knowledge__ He is mostly known for his musical composition, as well as a palette of sonic genres.", "Beck __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the early 1990s with his sonically experimental and lo-fi style, and became known for creating musical collages of wide genre styles.", "Beck __knowledge__ Today, he musically encompasses folk, funk, soul, hip hop, electronic, alternative rock, country, and psychedelia.", "Beck __knowledge__ He has released 13 studio albums (3 of which were independently released), as well as several non-album singles and a book of sheet music.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "Thomas Dunhill __knowledge__ Thomas Frederick Dunhill (1 February 187713 March 1946) was an English composer and writer on musical subjects.", "Thomas Dunhill __knowledge__ His compositions include a song cycle, \"The Wind among the Reeds\", and an operetta, \"Tantivy Towers\".", "Thomas Dunhill __knowledge__ Dunhill was born in Hampstead, London, the fourth of five children of Henry Dunhill (1842–1901) and his wife Jane, \"née\" Styles (1843–1922).", "Thomas Dunhill __knowledge__ Henry Dunhill was a manufacturer of sacks, tarpaulin and ropes; Jane Dunhill ran a small music shop.", "Thomas Dunhill __knowledge__ Their eldest son, Alfred later founded a tobacco company that bears his name.", "Thomas Dunhill __knowledge__ Thomas was educated at the North London High School for Boys, and when the family moved to Kent, at Kent College, Canterbury.", "Regular Show __knowledge__ Regular Show (also known as Regular Show in Space during its eighth season) is an American animated television sitcom created by J. G. Quintel for Cartoon Network that aired from September 6, 2010, to January 16, 2017.", "Regular Show __knowledge__ The series revolves around the lives of two working-class friends, a blue jay named Mordecai and a raccoon named Rigbyboth employed as groundskeepers at a local park.", "Regular Show __knowledge__ They usually try to solve a simple problem but then it leads to a surreal, extreme, and often supernatural misadventure.", "Regular Show __knowledge__ During these misadventures, they interact with the show's other main characters: Benson, Pops, Muscle Man, Hi-Five Ghost, Skips, Margaret and Eileen.", "Josh Hutcherson __knowledge__ Joshua Ryan Hutcherson (born October 12, 1992) is an American actor.", "Josh Hutcherson __knowledge__ A native of Kentucky, Hutcherson began his acting career in the early 2000s and appeared in several commercials and minor film and television roles before landing his first major role in 2002 in the pilot episode of \"House Blend\".", "Josh Hutcherson __knowledge__ His first film role was in \"Miracle Dogs\" (2003) on Animal Planet, followed by a motion-capture performance in \"The Polar Express\" (2004) and a voice-acting role in \"Howl's Moving Castle\" (2005).", "Josh Hutcherson __knowledge__ Hutcherson's other early film appearances include \"Little Manhattan\", \"Zathura\" (both 2005), \"RV\" (2006), \"Bridge to Terabithia\" (2007), \"Journey to the Center of the Earth\" (2008), and \"The Kids Are All Right\" (2010).", "Human __knowledge__ Modern humans (\"Homo sapiens\", ssp.", "Human __knowledge__ \"Homo sapiens sapiens\") are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina, a branch of the tribe Hominini belonging to the family of great apes.", "Human __knowledge__ They are characterized by erect posture and bipedal locomotion; high manual dexterity and heavy tool use compared to other animals; and a general trend toward larger, more complex brains and societies.", "Human __knowledge__ Early hominins—particularly the australopithecines, whose brains and anatomy are in many ways more similar to ancestral non-human apes—are less often referred to as \"human\" than hominins of the genus \"Homo\".", "Human __knowledge__ Several of these hominins used fire, occupied much of Eurasia, and gave rise to anatomically modern \"Homo sapiens\" in Africa about 315,000 years ago.", "Cougar __knowledge__ The cougar (\"Puma concolor\"), also commonly known as the mountain lion, puma, panther, or catamount, is a large felid of the subfamily Felinae native to the Americas.", "Cougar __knowledge__ Its range, from the Canadian Yukon to the southern Andes of South America, is the most widespread of any large wild terrestrial mammal in the Western Hemisphere.", "Cougar __knowledge__ An adaptable, generalist species, the cougar is found in most American habitat types.", "Cougar __knowledge__ It is the second-heaviest cat in the New World, after the jaguar.", "Cougar __knowledge__ Secretive and largely solitary by nature, the cougar is properly considered both nocturnal and crepuscular, although daytime sightings do occur.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is animal flesh that is eaten as food.", "Meat __knowledge__ Humans have hunted and killed animals for meat since prehistoric times.", "Meat __knowledge__ The advent of civilization allowed the domestication of animals such as chickens, sheep, rabbits, pigs and cattle.", "Meat __knowledge__ This eventually led to their use in meat production on an industrial scale with the aid of slaughterhouses.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is mainly composed of water, protein, and fat.", "Meat __knowledge__ It is edible raw, but is normally eaten after it has been cooked and seasoned or processed in a variety of ways.", "Meat __knowledge__ Unprocessed meat will spoil or rot within hours or days as a result of infection with and decomposition by bacteria and fungi.", "Hunting __knowledge__ Hunting is the practice of killing or trapping animals, or pursuing or tracking them with the intent of doing so.", "Hunting __knowledge__ Hunting wildlife or feral animals is most commonly done by humans for food, recreation, to remove predators that are dangerous to humans or domestic animals, or for trade.", "Hunting __knowledge__ Lawful hunting is distinguished from poaching, which is the illegal killing, trapping or capture of the hunted species.", "Hunting __knowledge__ The species that are hunted are referred to as game or prey and are usually mammals and birds.", "Hunting __knowledge__ Hunting can also be a means of pest control.", "Hunting __knowledge__ Hunting advocates state that hunting can be a necessary component of modern wildlife management, for example, to help maintain a population of healthy animals within an environment's ecological carrying capacity when natural checks such as predators are absent or very rare.", "American black bear __knowledge__ The American black bear (\"Ursus americanus\") is a medium-sized bear native to North America.", "American black bear __knowledge__ It is the continent's smallest and most widely distributed bear species.", "American black bear __knowledge__ Black bears are omnivores, with their diets varying greatly depending on season and location.", "American black bear __knowledge__ They typically live in largely forested areas, but do leave forests in search of food.", "American black bear __knowledge__ Sometimes they become attracted to human communities because of the immediate availability of food.", "American black bear __knowledge__ The American black bear is the world's most common bear species.", "American black bear __knowledge__ It is listed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as a least-concern species, due to its widespread distribution and a large population estimated to be twice that of all other bear species combined.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ The brown bear (\"Ursus arctos\") is the most widely distributed bear and is found across much of northern Eurasia and North America.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ It is one of the largest living terrestrial members of the order Carnivora, rivaled in body size only by its close cousin, the polar bear (\"Ursus maritimus\"), which is much less variable in size and slightly larger on average.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ The brown bear's principal range includes parts of Russia, Central Asia, China, Canada, the United States (mostly Alaska), Scandinavia, and the Carpathian region (especially Romania), Anatolia, and Caucasus.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ The brown bear is recognized as a national and state animal in several European countries.", "Bear __knowledge__ Bears are carnivoran mammals of the family Ursidae.", "Bear __knowledge__ They are classified as caniforms, or doglike carnivorans.", "Bear __knowledge__ Although only eight species of bears are extant, they are widespread, appearing in a wide variety of habitats throughout the Northern Hemisphere and partially in the Southern Hemisphere.", "Bear __knowledge__ Bears are found on the continents of North America, South America, Europe, and Asia.", "Bear __knowledge__ Common characteristics of modern bears include large bodies with stocky legs, long snouts, small rounded ears, shaggy hair, plantigrade paws with five nonretractile claws, and short tails.", "Bear __knowledge__ While the polar bear is mostly carnivorous, and the giant panda feeds almost entirely on bamboo, the remaining six species are omnivorous with varied diets." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ A vegan diet excludes all animal products, including eggs and dairy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Some vegans also avoid other animal products such as beeswax, leather or silk clothing, and goose-fat shoe polish.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Packaged and processed foods, such as cakes, cookies, candies, chocolate, yogurt, and marshmallows, often contain unfamiliar animal ingredients, so may be a special concern for vegetarians due to the likelihood of such additions.", "Expanded genetic code __knowledge__ An expanded genetic code is an artificially modified genetic code in which one or more specific codons have been re-allocated to encode an amino acid that is not among the 20 common naturally-encoded proteinogenic amino acids.", "Expanded genetic code __knowledge__ The key prerequisites to expand the genetic code are: Expanding the genetic code is an area of research of synthetic biology, an applied biological discipline whose goal is to engineer living systems for useful purposes.", "Expanded genetic code __knowledge__ The genetic code expansion enriches the repertoire of useful tools available to science.", "Expanded genetic code __knowledge__ It is noteworthy that the genetic code for all organisms is basically the same, so that all living beings use the same ’genetic language’.", "The Unnatural (The X-Files) __knowledge__ \"The Unnatural\" is the 19th episode of the sixth season of the American science fiction television series \"The X-Files\", which first aired on April 25, 1999, on the Fox network.", "The Unnatural (The X-Files) __knowledge__ Written and directed by lead actor David Duchovny, the episode is unconnected to the wider mythology of \"The X-Files\", and functions as a \"Monster-of-the-Week\" story.", "The Unnatural (The X-Files) __knowledge__ \"The Unnatural\" earned a Nielsen household rating of 10.1, and its first broadcast was watched by 16.88 million people.", "The Unnatural (The X-Files) __knowledge__ The episode received positive reviews from critics, and was well-liked by members of the cast and crew, including series creator Chris Carter and co-star Gillian Anderson.", "Yellow Peril __knowledge__ The Yellow Peril (also Yellow Terror and Yellow Spectre) is a racist color-metaphor that is integral to the xenophobic theory of colonialism: that the peoples of East Asia are a danger to the Western world.", "Yellow Peril __knowledge__ As a psycho-cultural perception of menace from the East, fear of the Yellow Peril was more racial than national, a fear derived, not from concern with a specific source of danger, from any one country or people, but from a vaguely ominous, existential fear of the vast, faceless, nameless horde of yellow people opposite the Western world.", "Yellow Peril __knowledge__ As a form of xenophobia, the Yellow Terror is the fear of the rising tide of colored people from the Orient.", "Lust __knowledge__ Lust is a strong emotion or feeling.", "Lust __knowledge__ The lust can take any form such as the lust for sexuality, lust for expensive objects (extravagance) or the lust for power.", "Lust __knowledge__ It can take such mundane forms as the lust for food as distinct from the need for food.", "Lust __knowledge__ Lust is a psychological force producing intense wanting for an object, or circumstance fulfilling the emotion.", "Lust __knowledge__ Religions, especially Christianity, separate the definition of passion and lust by further categorizing lust as an inappropriate desire or a desire that is inappropriately strong, therefore being morally wrong, while passion for proper purposes is maintained as something God-given and moral.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ The vocabulary of ancient Roman religion was highly specialized.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ Its study affords important information about the religion, traditions and beliefs of the ancient Romans.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This legacy is conspicuous in European cultural history in its influence on later juridical and religious vocabulary in Europe, particularly of the Western Church.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This glossary provides explanations of concepts as they were expressed in Latin pertaining to religious practices and beliefs, with links to articles on major topics such as priesthoods, forms of divination, and rituals.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ For theonyms, or the names and epithets of gods, see List of Roman deities.", "Asceticism __knowledge__ Asceticism (; from the \"áskesis\", \"exercise\" or \"training\") is a lifestyle characterized by abstinence from sensual pleasures, often for the purpose of pursuing spiritual goals.", "Asceticism __knowledge__ Ascetics may withdraw from the world for their practices or continue to be part of their society, but typically adopt a frugal lifestyle, characterised by the renunciation of material possessions and physical pleasures, and time spent fasting while concentrating on the practice of religion or reflection upon spiritual matters.", "Asceticism __knowledge__ Asceticism is classified into two types.", "Asceticism __knowledge__ \"Natural asceticism\" consists of a lifestyle where material aspects of life are reduced to utmost simplicity and a minimum but without maiming the body or harsher austerities that make the body suffer, while \"unnatural asceticism\" is defined as a practice that involves body mortification and self infliction of pain such as by sleeping on a bed of nails.", "Homosexuality in medieval Europe __knowledge__ In Medieval Europe, attitudes toward homosexuality varied by era and region.", "Homosexuality in medieval Europe __knowledge__ Generally, by at least the twelfth century, homosexuality was considered sodomy and was punishable by death.", "Homosexuality in medieval Europe __knowledge__ Before the Medieval period early Romans tolerated alternative sexual practices, such as masturbation in males and females and homosexuality.", "Homosexuality in medieval Europe __knowledge__ Despite persecution, records of homosexual relationships during the Medieval period did exist.", "Homosexuality in medieval Europe __knowledge__ This persecution reached its height during the Medieval Inquisitions, when the sects of Cathars and Waldensians were accused of fornication and sodomy, alongside accusations of satanism.", "Sustainable living __knowledge__ Sustainable living is a lifestyle that attempts to reduce an individual's or society's use of the Earth's natural resources and personal resources.", "Sustainable living __knowledge__ Practitioners of sustainable living often attempt to reduce their carbon footprint by altering methods of transportation, energy consumption, and diet.", "Sustainable living __knowledge__ Proponents of sustainable living aim to conduct their lives in ways that are consistent with sustainability, in natural balance and respectful of humanity's symbiotic relationship with the Earth's natural ecology and cycles.", "Sustainable living __knowledge__ The practice and general philosophy of ecological living is highly interrelated with the overall principles of sustainable development.", "Rakvere Lihakombinaat __knowledge__ Rakvere Lihakombinaat (Rakvere Meat Processing Plant) is an Estonian meat products manufacturer, based in Rakvere.", "Rakvere Lihakombinaat __knowledge__ It's the biggest meat processor in the Baltic states.", "Rakvere Lihakombinaat __knowledge__ The history of Rakvere Meat Processing Plant dates back to the year 1890 when the first slaughterhouse was opened in Rakvere.", "Rakvere Lihakombinaat __knowledge__ In 1905 a new slaughterhouse was built in Rakvere in accordance with the requirements of the time.", "Rakvere Lihakombinaat __knowledge__ In 1944 the town’s slaughterhouse and Bauman and Schenkel sausage industry were united and Rakvere Meat Processing Plant was established.", "Rakvere Lihakombinaat __knowledge__ The enterprise was reconstructed in the 1960s.", "Rakvere Lihakombinaat __knowledge__ In 1963 Kohtla-Järve and Narva meat processing plants and joined with the meat processing plant in Rakvere.", "Louis Bettcher __knowledge__ Louis A. Bettcher, Jr. (May 7, 1914 – December 14, 1999) was an inventor and pioneering manufacturer of handheld powered circular knives used in the meat processing industry.", "Louis Bettcher __knowledge__ He was the founder and president of Bettcher Industries, Inc., a worldwide manufacturer of precision cutting and trimming tools for meat processing and industrial applications.", "Louis Bettcher __knowledge__ Louis Andrew Bettcher, Jr. was born May 7, 1914 in Electra, Texas.", "Louis Bettcher __knowledge__ His father, Louis A. Bettcher, Sr., who died when Louis was 8 years old, was a Church of Christ preacher who had studied engineering before switching to the ministry.", "Louis Bettcher __knowledge__ His mother, Cora Lee Hall Bettcher, who lived to the age of 93, was a school teacher and lecturer.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "Labor rights in American meatpacking industry __knowledge__ The Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulates the labor rights of workers in the American meat packing industry.", "Labor rights in American meatpacking industry __knowledge__ According to scholars of the American meat packing industry, despite federal regulation through OSHA and industry oversight, workers in meat production plants have little agency and inadequate protections.", "Labor rights in American meatpacking industry __knowledge__ Workers in the industry perform difficult jobs in dangerous conditions, and are at significant risk for physical and psychological harm.", "Labor rights in American meatpacking industry __knowledge__ In addition to high rates of injury, workers are at risk of losing their jobs when they are injured or for attempting to organize and bargain collectively.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is animal flesh that is eaten as food.", "Meat __knowledge__ Humans have hunted and killed animals for meat since prehistoric times.", "Meat __knowledge__ The advent of civilization allowed the domestication of animals such as chickens, sheep, rabbits, pigs and cattle.", "Meat __knowledge__ This eventually led to their use in meat production on an industrial scale with the aid of slaughterhouses.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is mainly composed of water, protein, and fat.", "Meat __knowledge__ It is edible raw, but is normally eaten after it has been cooked and seasoned or processed in a variety of ways.", "Meat __knowledge__ Unprocessed meat will spoil or rot within hours or days as a result of infection with and decomposition by bacteria and fungi.", "Cattle slaughter in India __knowledge__ Cattle slaughter is a controversial topic in India because of the cattle's traditional status as an endeared and respected living being to many in Hinduism, Sikhism, Jainism and Buddhism, in contrast to cattle being considered as an acceptable source of meat by many in Islam, Christianity as well as some adherents of Indian religions.", "Cattle slaughter in India __knowledge__ More specifically, the cow's slaughter has been shunned because of a number of reasons such as being associated with god Krishna in Hinduism, cattle being respected as an integral part of rural livelihoods and an essential economic necessity.", "Cattle slaughter in India __knowledge__ Historically, cattle slaughter has also been opposed by various Indian religions because of the ethical principle of Ahimsa (non-violence) and the belief in the unity of all life." ] ]

[ 3, 31, 64, 55, 40 ]

[ "That's a shame, why did you become a vegetarian then? Was it because you object to eating meat?", "So it has nothing to do with whether or not eating meat is ethical? There is a lot of debate around the ethics of eating meat. ", "Don't you feel like you are betraying your nature? After all, Humans have hunted and killed animals for food since prehistoric times.", "I can absolutely see what you mean about industrial meat processing plants being unnatural, but I would have to disagree that eating any meat is unnatural, I think it is the most natural thing.", "Do you practice sustainable living? What I mean by that is do you grow your own vegetables in an attempt to reduce your use of earth's natural resources?" ]

[ "Vegetarianism", "Vegetarianism", "Vegetarianism", "Vegetarianism", "Vegetarianism" ]

[ "Wedding cake", "That sounds awesome lol, Ive been interested in getting a wedding cake for my upcoming marriage, What kind do you recommend? ", "True, I plan of having a big wedding but have no idea how to go at it, How much does a large wedding usually cost?", "Oh ok, Well anyways I want to make it special for my girl. Do you know what is a popular ring that I should get? Like diamond or gold? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ A wedding cake is the traditional cake served at wedding receptions following dinner.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ In some parts of England, the wedding cake is served at a wedding breakfast; the 'wedding breakfast' does not mean the meal will be held in the morning, but at a time following the ceremony on the same day.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ In modern Western culture, the cake is usually on display and served to guests at the reception.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Traditionally, wedding cakes were made to bring good luck to all guests and the couple.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Modernly however, they are more of a centerpiece to the wedding and are not always even served to the guests.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Some cakes are built with only a single edible tier for the bride and groom to share, but this is rare since the cost difference between fake and real tiers is minimal.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Wedding cakes come in a variety of sizes, depending on the number of guests the cake will serve.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Modern pastry chefs and cake designers use various ingredients and tools to create a cake that usually reflects the personalities of the couple.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Marzipan, fondant, gum paste, buttercream, and chocolate are among the popular ingredients used.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Cakes range in price along with size and components.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Cakes are usually priced on a per-person, or per-slice, basis." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ A wedding cake is the traditional cake served at wedding receptions following dinner.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ In some parts of England, the wedding cake is served at a wedding breakfast; the 'wedding breakfast' does not mean the meal will be held in the morning, but at a time following the ceremony on the same day.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ In modern Western culture, the cake is usually on display and served to guests at the reception.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Traditionally, wedding cakes were made to bring good luck to all guests and the couple.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Modernly however, they are more of a centerpiece to the wedding and are not always even served to the guests.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Some cakes are built with only a single edible tier for the bride and groom to share, but this is rare since the cost difference between fake and real tiers is minimal.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Wedding cakes come in a variety of sizes, depending on the number of guests the cake will serve.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Modern pastry chefs and cake designers use various ingredients and tools to create a cake that usually reflects the personalities of the couple.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Marzipan, fondant, gum paste, buttercream, and chocolate are among the popular ingredients used.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Cakes range in price along with size and components.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Cakes are usually priced on a per-person, or per-slice, basis.", "Wedding customs by country __knowledge__ The Wedding procedure starts with the groom's side sending elders (Shimagle) who then request a union between the parties.", "Wedding customs by country __knowledge__ The elders discuss a dowry (ጧሎሽ) and verify that the intended bride and groom are not relatives by checking their lineage a minimum of seven generations.", "Wedding customs by country __knowledge__ After a dowry is agreed upon and it has been determined that there is no relationship between the intended bride and groom, the wedding is announced and the families begin preparations for a church/mosque ceremony and a mels/melsi ceremony.", "Wedding customs by country __knowledge__ On the wedding day the groom and groomsmen (ሚዜ) get ready at the groom's house early in the morning and proceed to the bride's parents house to begin the wedding ceremonies.", "Wedding Cake Rock __knowledge__ Wedding Cake Rock, also known as White Rock, is a sandstone rock formation located in the Royal National Park near Bundeena, New South Wales, Australia, accessible via the Royal National Park Coast Track.", "Wedding Cake Rock __knowledge__ The rock is one of many limestone formations that appear north of Marley Beach, and is suspended above sea level.", "Wedding Cake Rock __knowledge__ Wedding Cake Rock is noted for its scenic location and popularity with bushwalkers and tourists, as an attractive location for photography.", "Wedding Cake Rock __knowledge__ Its reputation, however, was damaged after the landmark saw a sudden spike in popularity in 2015, and subsequently fell victim to vandalism.", "Wedding Cake Rock __knowledge__ The rock was closed off from public access in May 2015 by the New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service, citing the dangerous behavior of recent visitors, and later, safety concerns, after a survey conducted the following month determined that the rock was unstable, and that it would collapse into the Tasman Sea within the next decade.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Sir Jonathan Paul \"Jony\" Ive, (born 27 February 1967), is an English industrial designer who is currently the chief design officer (CDO) of Apple and chancellor of the Royal College of Art in London.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ While working for a design firm in London he was asked by Apple, then a struggling company, to create a look for a new laptop.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ He took the design to Apple and was hired immediately.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive oversees the Apple Industrial Design Group and also provides leadership and direction for Human Interface software teams across the company.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive is the designer of many of Apple's hardware and software products.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive has received a number of accolades for his work.", "Wedding reception __knowledge__ A wedding reception is a party usually held after the completion of a marriage ceremony as hospitality for those who have attended the wedding, hence the name reception: the couple \"receives\" society, in the form of family and friends, for the first time as a married couple.", "Wedding reception __knowledge__ Hosts provide their choice of food and drink, although a wedding cake is popular.", "Wedding reception __knowledge__ Entertaining guests after a wedding ceremony is traditional in most societies, and can last anywhere from half an hour to many hours or even days.", "Wedding reception __knowledge__ In some cultures, separate wedding celebrations are held for the bride's and groom's families.", "Wedding reception __knowledge__ Before receptions—a social event that is structured around a receiving line, and usually held in the afternoon, with only light refreshments—became popular, weddings were more typically celebrated with wedding breakfasts (for those whose religious traditions encouraged morning weddings) and wedding balls (for those who were married in the evening).", "Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission __knowledge__ Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission is a pending case before the Supreme Court of the United States on whether creative businesses can refuse certain services due to their First Amendment rights of free speech and free exercise of religion in light of public accommodation laws—in particular, by refusing to provide creative services, such as a custom wedding cake for same-sex marriage ceremonies, on the basis of one's religious beliefs.", "Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission __knowledge__ The Court took oral arguments on December 5, 2017, with a decision likely to be made by the end of the court's term.", "Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission __knowledge__ In July 2012, same-sex couple Charlie Craig and David Mullins from Colorado made plans to be legally wed in Massachusetts and return to Colorado to celebrate with family and friends.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\".", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ The series is based on the book of the same name by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ It ran on for five series from 2002 to 2005.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ The series was followed by \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012 and then \"The Dumping Ground\" that has aired since 2013.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Dani Harmer and Lisa Coleman reprised their roles as Tracy Beaker and Cam Lawson for \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Tracy Beaker, played by actress Dani Harmer, is the main (and title) character throughout \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "White wedding __knowledge__ A white wedding is a traditional formal or semi-formal wedding originating in Britain.", "White wedding __knowledge__ The term originates from the white colour of the wedding dress, which first became popular with Victorian era elites after Queen Victoria wore a white lace dress at her wedding.", "White wedding __knowledge__ However, the term now also encapsulates the entire Western wedding routine, especially in the Christian religious tradition, which generally includes a ceremony during which the marriage begins, followed by a reception.", "White wedding __knowledge__ The tradition of a white wedding dress is commonly credited to Queen Victoria's choice to wear a white court dress at her wedding to Prince Albert in 1840.", "Wedding cake topper __knowledge__ A wedding cake topper is a small model that sits on top of a wedding cake, normally a representation of the couple in formal wedding attire.", "Wedding cake topper __knowledge__ The wedding cake topper was dominant in United States weddings in the 1950s where it represented togetherness.", "Wedding cake topper __knowledge__ Today, these decorative figurines are often part of the couple's decorative theme or wedding reception style.", "Wedding cake topper __knowledge__ Traditional wedding cake toppers depict the couple in formal attire and are often the only part of the cake which can be kept over the years, apart from photographs of it.", "Wedding cake topper __knowledge__ While traditionally the bride and groom were in formal attire, with the bride in a white wedding dress, complete with veil, and the groom in black morning dress, today there are many more designs available.", "Wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton __knowledge__ The wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton took place on 29 April 2011 at Westminster Abbey in London, United Kingdom.", "Wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton __knowledge__ The groom, Prince William, is second in the line of succession to the British throne.", "Wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton __knowledge__ The bride, Catherine \"Kate\" Middleton, had been his girlfriend since 2003.", "Wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton __knowledge__ The Dean of Westminster, John Hall, presided at the service; the Archbishop of Canterbury, Rowan Williams, conducted the marriage; Richard Chartres, the Bishop of London, preached the sermon; and a reading was given by the bride's brother, James.", "Wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton __knowledge__ William's best man was his brother, Prince Harry, while the bride's sister, Pippa, was maid of honour." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ A wedding cake is the traditional cake served at wedding receptions following dinner.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ In some parts of England, the wedding cake is served at a wedding breakfast; the 'wedding breakfast' does not mean the meal will be held in the morning, but at a time following the ceremony on the same day.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ In modern Western culture, the cake is usually on display and served to guests at the reception.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Traditionally, wedding cakes were made to bring good luck to all guests and the couple.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Modernly however, they are more of a centerpiece to the wedding and are not always even served to the guests.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Some cakes are built with only a single edible tier for the bride and groom to share, but this is rare since the cost difference between fake and real tiers is minimal.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Wedding cakes come in a variety of sizes, depending on the number of guests the cake will serve.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Modern pastry chefs and cake designers use various ingredients and tools to create a cake that usually reflects the personalities of the couple.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Marzipan, fondant, gum paste, buttercream, and chocolate are among the popular ingredients used.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Cakes range in price along with size and components.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Cakes are usually priced on a per-person, or per-slice, basis.", "The Big Wedding __knowledge__ The Big Wedding is a 2013 American comedy film written and directed by Justin Zackham.", "The Big Wedding __knowledge__ It is an American remake of the original 2006 Swiss/French film \"\" (My Brother is Getting Married), written by Jean-Stéphane Bron and Karine Sudan.", "The Big Wedding __knowledge__ The film stars a large ensemble cast including Robert De Niro, Katherine Heigl, Diane Keaton, Amanda Seyfried, Topher Grace, Ben Barnes, Susan Sarandon and Robin Williams.", "The Big Wedding __knowledge__ It was released on April 26, 2013 by Lionsgate in the United States and Canada.", "The Big Wedding __knowledge__ Don and Ellie Griffin were a New England couple married for twenty years before they divorced.", "The Big Wedding __knowledge__ They have three children from their marriage – Lyla, Jared, and adopted son Alejandro, who originates from Colombia.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Leogang Mountains __knowledge__ The Leogang Mountains (, lit.", "Leogang Mountains __knowledge__ \"Leogang Rock Mountains\") are a mountain range in Austria in the state of Salzburg and form part of the Northern Limestone Alps within the Eastern Alps.", "Leogang Mountains __knowledge__ They are located between the Lofer valley, Saalfelden and Leogang and, together with the Lofer Mountains to the northwest form two mountain massifs that are separated by the saddle of the \"Römersattel\" (1,202 m), but which the Alpine categorisation of the Eastern Alps defines as a single sub-group (the Lofer and Leogang Mountains).", "Leogang Mountains __knowledge__ The Leogang Mountains are separated from the Kitzbühel Alps to the south and the Steinernes Meer to the east by deeply incised valleys.", "Wedding __knowledge__ A wedding is a ceremony where two people or a couple are united in marriage.", "Wedding __knowledge__ Wedding traditions and customs vary greatly between cultures, ethnic groups, religions, countries, and social classes.", "Wedding __knowledge__ Most wedding ceremonies involve an exchange of marriage vows by the couple, presentation of a gift (offering, ring(s), symbolic item, flowers, money), and a public proclamation of marriage by an authority figure or celebrant.", "Wedding __knowledge__ Special wedding garments are often worn, and the ceremony is sometimes followed by a wedding reception.", "Wedding __knowledge__ Music, poetry, prayers or readings from religious texts or literature are also commonly incorporated into the ceremony.", "Wedding customs by country __knowledge__ The Wedding procedure starts with the groom's side sending elders (Shimagle) who then request a union between the parties.", "Wedding customs by country __knowledge__ The elders discuss a dowry (ጧሎሽ) and verify that the intended bride and groom are not relatives by checking their lineage a minimum of seven generations.", "Wedding customs by country __knowledge__ After a dowry is agreed upon and it has been determined that there is no relationship between the intended bride and groom, the wedding is announced and the families begin preparations for a church/mosque ceremony and a mels/melsi ceremony.", "Wedding customs by country __knowledge__ On the wedding day the groom and groomsmen (ሚዜ) get ready at the groom's house early in the morning and proceed to the bride's parents house to begin the wedding ceremonies.", "Eleni Andros Cooper __knowledge__ Eleni Andros Cooper is a fictional character on the soap opera \"Guiding Light\".", "Eleni Andros Cooper __knowledge__ She was originally portrayed by actress Melina Kanakaredes from April 19, 1991 to March 1, 1995.", "Eleni Andros Cooper __knowledge__ She was temporarily replaced by actress Wendy Kaplan from December 1994 to January 1995 on a recurring basis.", "Eleni Andros Cooper __knowledge__ She was then portrayed by Jennifer Roszell from March 6, 1995 to September 22, 1999.", "Eleni Andros Cooper __knowledge__ Roszell returned to the role from Dec 2001 to Spring 2002, in October 2006, and finally in December 2008, which marked the character's last appearance on the show.", "Eleni Andros Cooper __knowledge__ Eleni is the ex-wife of Alan-Michael Spaulding and Frank Cooper and mother to Marina Cooper.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Atomic units __knowledge__ Atomic units (au or a.u.)", "Atomic units __knowledge__ form a system of natural units which is especially convenient for atomic physics calculations.", "Atomic units __knowledge__ There are two different kinds of atomic units, Hartree atomic units and Rydberg atomic units, which differ in the choice of the unit of mass and charge.", "Atomic units __knowledge__ This article deals with Hartree atomic units, where the numerical values of the following four fundamental physical constants are all unity by definition: In Hartree units, the speed of light is approximately formula_5.", "Atomic units __knowledge__ Atomic units are often abbreviated \"a.u.\"", "Atomic units __knowledge__ or \"au\", not to be confused with the same abbreviation used also for astronomical units, arbitrary units, and absorbance units in different contexts.", "Cake __knowledge__ Cake is a form of sweet dessert that is typically baked.", "Cake __knowledge__ In its oldest forms, cakes were modifications of breads, but cakes now cover a wide range of preparations that can be simple or elaborate, and that share features with other desserts such as pastries, meringues, custards, and pies.", "Cake __knowledge__ Typical cake ingredients are flour, sugar, eggs, butter or oil or margarine, a liquid, and leavening agents, such as baking soda or baking powder.", "Cake __knowledge__ Common additional ingredients and flavourings include dried, candied, or fresh fruit, nuts, cocoa, and extracts such as vanilla, with numerous substitutions for the primary ingredients.", "Weddings in the United States __knowledge__ Weddings in the United States follow traditions often based on religion, culture, and social norms.", "Weddings in the United States __knowledge__ Weddings in the United States were once based out of commodity, rather than desire or love.", "Weddings in the United States __knowledge__ The word \"wedding\" implied the security the groom's family provided to the family of the bride when the couple married.", "Weddings in the United States __knowledge__ Brides were chosen based on their economic worth.", "Weddings in the United States __knowledge__ This trend lasted until the 19th Century, when couples started to marry for love.", "Weddings in the United States __knowledge__ In the 19th Century, weddings were typically small, intimate ceremonies at the home of either the parents of the bride or the parents of the groom.", "Weddings in the United States __knowledge__ The announcement of the newly married couple took place at their church on the Sunday following the wedding.", "Bride price __knowledge__ Bride price, best called bridewealth, also known as bride token, is money, property, or other form of wealth paid by a groom or his family to the parents of the woman he has just married or is just about to marry.", "Bride price __knowledge__ Bride price can be compared to dowry, which is paid to the groom, or used by the bride to help establish the new household and dower, which is property settled on the bride herself by the groom at the time of marriage.", "Bride price __knowledge__ Some cultures may practice both dowry and bride price simultaneously.", "Bride price __knowledge__ Many cultures practiced bride pricing prior to existing records.", "Bride price __knowledge__ Bridewealth is commonly paid in a currency that is not generally used for other types of exchange.", "Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission __knowledge__ Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission is a pending case before the Supreme Court of the United States on whether creative businesses can refuse certain services due to their First Amendment rights of free speech and free exercise of religion in light of public accommodation laws—in particular, by refusing to provide creative services, such as a custom wedding cake for same-sex marriage ceremonies, on the basis of one's religious beliefs.", "Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission __knowledge__ The Court took oral arguments on December 5, 2017, with a decision likely to be made by the end of the court's term.", "Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission __knowledge__ In July 2012, same-sex couple Charlie Craig and David Mullins from Colorado made plans to be legally wed in Massachusetts and return to Colorado to celebrate with family and friends.", "George Smith (Hollyoaks) __knowledge__ George Smith (born Andrew Palmer) is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera, \"Hollyoaks\", played by Steven Roberts.", "George Smith (Hollyoaks) __knowledge__ George debuted on-screen on 5 September 2011.", "George Smith (Hollyoaks) __knowledge__ George was introduced alongside the characters Neil Cooper (Tosin Cole) and Callum Kane (Laurie Duncan); forming a new group of sixth-form college students.", "George Smith (Hollyoaks) __knowledge__ George is homosexual and is characterised as a \"sharp tongued fashionista\" with an unusual dress sense.", "George Smith (Hollyoaks) __knowledge__ He is best friends with Maddie Morrison (Scarlett Bowman) and Tilly Evans (Lucy Dixon), Roberts has said that George acts like their \"lap-dog\".", "George Smith (Hollyoaks) __knowledge__ However, George lacks confidence around the series' male characters." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ A wedding cake is the traditional cake served at wedding receptions following dinner.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ In some parts of England, the wedding cake is served at a wedding breakfast; the 'wedding breakfast' does not mean the meal will be held in the morning, but at a time following the ceremony on the same day.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ In modern Western culture, the cake is usually on display and served to guests at the reception.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Traditionally, wedding cakes were made to bring good luck to all guests and the couple.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Modernly however, they are more of a centerpiece to the wedding and are not always even served to the guests.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Some cakes are built with only a single edible tier for the bride and groom to share, but this is rare since the cost difference between fake and real tiers is minimal.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Wedding cakes come in a variety of sizes, depending on the number of guests the cake will serve.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Modern pastry chefs and cake designers use various ingredients and tools to create a cake that usually reflects the personalities of the couple.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Marzipan, fondant, gum paste, buttercream, and chocolate are among the popular ingredients used.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Cakes range in price along with size and components.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Cakes are usually priced on a per-person, or per-slice, basis.", "OK Go __knowledge__ OK Go is an American rock band originally from Chicago, Illinois, now based in Los Angeles, California.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is composed of Damian Kulash (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (guitar, keyboards and vocals), who joined them in 2005, replacing Andy Duncan.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is known for its often quirky and elaborate one-take music videos.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The original members formed as OK Go in 1998 and released two studio albums before Duncan's departure.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band's video for \"Here It Goes Again\" won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video in 2007.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Edmund Husserl __knowledge__ Edmund Gustav Albrecht Husserl (; ; 8 April 1859 – 27 April 1938) was a German philosopher who established the school of phenomenology.", "Edmund Husserl __knowledge__ In his early work, he elaborated critiques of historicism and of psychologism in logic based on analyses of intentionality.", "Edmund Husserl __knowledge__ In his mature work, he sought to develop a systematic foundational science based on the so-called phenomenological reduction.", "Edmund Husserl __knowledge__ Arguing that transcendental consciousness sets the limits of all possible knowledge, Husserl re-defined phenomenology as a transcendental-idealist philosophy.", "Edmund Husserl __knowledge__ Husserl's thought profoundly influenced the landscape of twentieth-century philosophy, and he remains a notable figure in contemporary philosophy and beyond.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ The \"Deltora\" series features a wide line of characters, both important and minor.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ The series also features many different monsters and creatures that appeared in all of the many different books.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ This article is a list of the many different characters and creatures that have appeared in the Deltora series.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ Lief was raised as a blacksmith's son in the run-down city of Del after the invasion.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ Hot-headed and impatient at the start of the series, all he wanted to do was go out and explore the city.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ On the night of his sixteenth birthday, he leaves on his father's quest to restore the Belt of Deltora, the only thing that can save their land and the heir from the tyranny of the Shadow Lord.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Pokémon Adventures characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters featured in the \"Pokémon Adventures\" manga.", "List of Pokémon Adventures characters __knowledge__ is a Trainer who starts off in Pallet Town as an aspiring trainer with a Poliwhirl which later evolved into Poliwrath, believing himself to be superior to his peers.", "List of Pokémon Adventures characters __knowledge__ He starts his Pokémon journey with a Bulbasaur he received from Professor Oak, which evolved into Ivysaur and later Venusaur.", "List of Pokémon Adventures characters __knowledge__ He is rivals with Professor Oak's grandson, Blue.", "List of Pokémon Adventures characters __knowledge__ In the first arc, Red suffered his first overwhelming defeat when he failed to capture the mysterious Mew, leading him to Professor Oak for advice on becoming a better Pokémon trainer.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the animated series \"Kim Possible\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kimberly Ann \"Kim\" Possible is a crime fighter and high school cheerleading captain who saves the world on a regular basis while dealing with the normal challenges of being a teenager, such as winning cheer competitions, turning in her homework on time, and maintaining a love life.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Her name is a play on the word \"impossible.\"", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kim has known Ron Stoppable, her sidekick for most missions, since preschool.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ She has also completed missions with Wade, Monique, her brothers, and even her mother.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ In season four, Kim and Ron end up developing romantic feelings for each other and begin dating during their senior year.", "Atomic units __knowledge__ Atomic units (au or a.u.)", "Atomic units __knowledge__ form a system of natural units which is especially convenient for atomic physics calculations.", "Atomic units __knowledge__ There are two different kinds of atomic units, Hartree atomic units and Rydberg atomic units, which differ in the choice of the unit of mass and charge.", "Atomic units __knowledge__ This article deals with Hartree atomic units, where the numerical values of the following four fundamental physical constants are all unity by definition: In Hartree units, the speed of light is approximately formula_5.", "Atomic units __knowledge__ Atomic units are often abbreviated \"a.u.\"", "Atomic units __knowledge__ or \"au\", not to be confused with the same abbreviation used also for astronomical units, arbitrary units, and absorbance units in different contexts.", "Mokpo __knowledge__ Mokpo (; \"Mokpo-si\") is a city in South Jeolla Province, South Korea, located at the southwestern tip of the Korean Peninsula, close to Yudal mountain.", "Mokpo __knowledge__ Mokpo has frequent train service connecting in Daejon to Seoul, and is the terminus for a number of ferry routes serving islands in the adjacent Yellow Sea and Dadohae National Maritime Park.", "Mokpo __knowledge__ During the Japanese Occupation (1910–1945), Mokpo served as a crucial port for both commercial ventures and public transportation, due to its location along the sea routes between the Japanese archipelago and the Chinese mainland.", "Mokpo __knowledge__ The large number of islands surrounding Mokpo have also served as a protective barrier, making the city less vulnerable to high tides and tsunamis.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Pricing games are featured on the current version of the American game show The Price Is Right.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ The contestant from Contestants' Row who bids closest to the price of a prize without going over wins the prize and has the chance to win additional prizes or cash in an onstage game.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ After the pricing game ends, a new contestant is selected for Contestants' Row and the process is repeated.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Six pricing games are played on each hour-long episode.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Prior to expanding to one hour in length, three games per episode were played during the half-hour format.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ With the exception of a single game from early in the show's history, only one contestant at a time is involved in a pricing game.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ Red tortoise cake () is a small round or oval shaped Chinese pastry with soft sticky glutinous rice flour skin wrapped around a sweet filling in the centre.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ It is molded to resemble a tortoise shell and is presented resting on a square piece of banana leaf.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ As suggested by its name, red tortoise cakes are traditionally red in color and has a sticky chewy texture when eaten.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ Red tortoise cakes are shaped like tortoise shells because the Chinese traditionally believed that eating tortoises would bring longevity to those who are eating it and bring about good fortune and prosperity.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ Considered to be auspicious items, these sweet pastries are especially prepared during important festivals such as Chinese New Year as offerings to the Chinese deities.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 is a home video game console developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ As the successor to the original Xbox, it is the second console in the Xbox series.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It competed with Sony's PlayStation 3 and Nintendo's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It was officially unveiled on MTV on May 12, 2005, with detailed launch and game information announced later that month at the 2005 E3 expo.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 features an online service, Xbox Live, which was expanded from its previous iteration on the original Xbox and received regular updates during the console's lifetime.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ Available in free and subscription-based varieties, Xbox Live allows users to: play games online; download games (through Xbox Live Arcade) and game demos; purchase and stream music, television programs, and films through the Xbox Music and Xbox Video portals; and access third-party content services through media streaming applications." ] ]

[ 3, 11, 10, 4 ]

[ "I love going to wedding receptions, just so I can get a piece of that wedding cake!", "That really depends on how many people you will be feeding, as wedding cakes range in price either by per-person or per-slice basis.", "It's hard to put a number on it, as cakes range in price along with size and components. They are so varied.", "I think that will have to be up to you, just know that wedding cakes are traditionally thought to bring good luck to the couple and guests! So you should be good with any." ]

[ "Wedding cake", "Wedding cake", "Wedding cake", "Wedding cake" ]

[ "Common cold", "i have been lucky this year, so far not common cold for me or family", "i hate the sinusse part the most", "how long do the common cold last, a few days?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Common cold __knowledge__ The common cold, also known simply as a cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The throat, sinuses, and larynx may also be affected.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms may appear less than two days after exposure to the virus.", "Common cold __knowledge__ These may include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, headache, and fever.", "Common cold __knowledge__ People usually recover in seven to ten days, but some symptoms may last up to three weeks.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Occasionally those with other health problems may develop pneumonia.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Well over 200 virus strains are implicated in causing the common cold, with rhinoviruses being the most common.", "Common cold __knowledge__ They spread through the air during close contact with infected people or indirectly through contact with objects in the environment, followed by transfer to the mouth or nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Risk factors include going to daycare, not sleeping well, and psychological stress.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The symptoms are mostly due to the body's immune response to the infection rather than to tissue destruction by the viruses themselves.", "Common cold __knowledge__ In contrast, those affected by influenza can show similar symptoms as people with a cold, but symptoms are usually more severe.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Additionally, the influenza is less likely to result in a runny nose." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Common cold __knowledge__ The common cold, also known simply as a cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The throat, sinuses, and larynx may also be affected.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms may appear less than two days after exposure to the virus.", "Common cold __knowledge__ These may include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, headache, and fever.", "Common cold __knowledge__ People usually recover in seven to ten days, but some symptoms may last up to three weeks.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Occasionally those with other health problems may develop pneumonia.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Well over 200 virus strains are implicated in causing the common cold, with rhinoviruses being the most common.", "Common cold __knowledge__ They spread through the air during close contact with infected people or indirectly through contact with objects in the environment, followed by transfer to the mouth or nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Risk factors include going to daycare, not sleeping well, and psychological stress.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The symptoms are mostly due to the body's immune response to the infection rather than to tissue destruction by the viruses themselves.", "Common cold __knowledge__ In contrast, those affected by influenza can show similar symptoms as people with a cold, but symptoms are usually more severe.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Additionally, the influenza is less likely to result in a runny nose.", "Alternative treatments used for the common cold __knowledge__ Alternative treatments used for the common cold include numerous home remedies and alternative medicines.", "Alternative treatments used for the common cold __knowledge__ Scientific research regarding the efficacy of each treatment is generally nonexistent or inconclusive.", "Alternative treatments used for the common cold __knowledge__ Current best evidence indicates prevention, including hand washing and neatness, and management of symptoms.", "Alternative treatments used for the common cold __knowledge__ Many believe that cold temperature can cause and therefore prevention of exposure to cold temperature can prevent the common cold.", "Alternative treatments used for the common cold __knowledge__ Evidence does not support this association.", "Alternative treatments used for the common cold __knowledge__ Vitamin C was identified in the early part of the previous century and there was much interest in its possible effects on various infections including the common cold.", "Vitamin C and the common cold __knowledge__ The common cold, or simply cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract.", "Vitamin C and the common cold __knowledge__ The cold is indeed common, and is a significant cause for absences from work and school.", "Vitamin C and the common cold __knowledge__ Even before the discovery of vitamin C, folklore had it that certain fruits were effective in both preventing and treating the cold.", "Vitamin C and the common cold __knowledge__ After scientific identification of vitamin C in the early part of the 20th century, research began into the possible effects of the vitamin against the common cold.", "Vitamin C and the common cold __knowledge__ Vitamin C has not decreased the frequency of colds in the general population, but it has halved the frequency of colds in people under heavy short-term physical stress.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and -ascorbic acid, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ The disease scurvy is prevented and treated with vitamin C-containing foods or dietary supplements.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Evidence does not support use in the general population for the prevention of the common cold.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ There is, however, some evidence that regular use may shorten the length of colds.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It is unclear if supplementation affects the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, or dementia.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It may be taken by mouth or by injection.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Vitamin C is generally well tolerated.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Large doses may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, trouble sleeping, and flushing of the skin.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ SNOMED CT or SNOMED Clinical Terms is a systematically organized computer processable collection of medical terms providing codes, terms, synonyms and definitions used in clinical documentation and reporting.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ SNOMED CT is considered to be the most comprehensive, multilingual clinical healthcare terminology in the world.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ The primary purpose of SNOMED CT is to encode the meanings that are used in health information and to support the effective clinical recording of data with the aim of improving patient care.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ SNOMED CT provides the core general terminology for electronic health records.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ SNOMED CT comprehensive coverage includes: clinical findings, symptoms, diagnoses, procedures, body structures, organisms and other etiologies, substances, pharmaceuticals, devices and specimens.", "Vitamin C and the Common Cold (book) __knowledge__ Vitamin C and the Common Cold is a popular book by Linus Pauling, first published in 1970, on vitamin C, its interactions with common cold and the role of vitamin C megadosage in human health.", "Vitamin C and the Common Cold (book) __knowledge__ The book promoted the idea that taking large amounts of vitamin C could reduce the duration and severity of the common cold.", "Vitamin C and the Common Cold (book) __knowledge__ A Nobel Prize-winning chemist and activist, Pauling promoted a view of vitamin C that is strongly at odds with most of the scientific community, which found little evidence for the alleged health benefits of greatly increased vitamin C intake.", "Vitamin C and the Common Cold (book) __knowledge__ The book went through multiple editions, and a revised version that discussed the flu and other diseases, retitled Vitamin C, the Common Cold & the Flu, came out in 1976.", "Zinc and the common cold __knowledge__ The human rhinovirus – the most common viral pathogen in humans – is the predominant cause of the common cold.", "Zinc and the common cold __knowledge__ The hypothesized mechanism of action by which zinc reduces the severity and/or duration of cold symptoms is the suppression of nasal inflammation and the direct inhibition of rhinoviral receptor binding and rhinoviral replication in the nasal mucosa.", "Zinc and the common cold __knowledge__ A 2017 meta-analysis compared high dose (>75 mg/day elemental zinc) zinc acetate lozenges with zinc gluconate lozenges and found no evidence that the efficacy differs.", "Zinc and the common cold __knowledge__ In addition, there was no evidence that zinc doses >100 mg/day were more effective than zinc doses 80–92 mg/day.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Upper respiratory tract infections (URI or URTI) are illnesses caused by an acute infection which involves the upper respiratory tract including the nose, sinuses, pharynx or larynx.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ This commonly includes nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, and the common cold.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Most infections are viral in nature and in other instances the cause is bacterial.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Upper respiratory tract infections can also be fungal or helminth in origin, but these are far less common.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ In 2015, 17.2 billion cases of upper respiratory infections occurred.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ As of 2014, upper respiratory infections caused about 3,000 deaths down from 4,000 in 1990.", "Respiratory tract __knowledge__ In humans, the respiratory tract is the part of the anatomy of the respiratory system involved with the process of respiration.", "Respiratory tract __knowledge__ Air is breathed in through the nose or the mouth.", "Respiratory tract __knowledge__ In the nasal cavity, a layer of mucous membrane acts as a filter and traps pollutants and other harmful substances found in the air.", "Respiratory tract __knowledge__ Next, air moves into the pharynx, a passage that contains the intersection between the esophagus and the larynx.", "Respiratory tract __knowledge__ The opening of the larynx has a special flap of cartilage, the epiglottis, that opens to allow air to pass through but closes to prevent food from moving into the airway.", "Respiratory tract __knowledge__ From the larynx, air moves into the trachea and down to the intersection that branches to form the right and left primary (main) bronchi.", "Respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Respiratory tract infection (RTI) refers to any of a number of infectious diseases involving the respiratory tract.", "Respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ An infection of this type is normally further classified as an upper respiratory tract infection (URI or URTI) or a lower respiratory tract infection (LRI or LRTI).", "Respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Lower respiratory infections, such as pneumonia, tend to be far more serious conditions than upper respiratory infections, such as the common cold.", "Respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Although some disagreement exists on the exact boundary between the upper and lower respiratory tracts, the upper respiratory tract is generally considered to be the airway above the glottis or vocal cords.", "Respiratory disease __knowledge__ Respiratory disease is a medical term that encompasses pathological conditions affecting the organs and tissues that make gas exchange possible in higher organisms, and includes conditions of the upper respiratory tract, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, pleura and pleural cavity, and the nerves and muscles of breathing.", "Respiratory disease __knowledge__ Respiratory diseases range from mild and self-limiting, such as the common cold, to life-threatening entities like bacterial pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, acute asthma and lung cancer.", "Respiratory disease __knowledge__ The study of respiratory disease is known as pulmonology.", "Respiratory disease __knowledge__ A doctor who specializes in respiratory disease is known as a pulmonologist, a chest medicine specialist, a respiratory medicine specialist, a respirologist or a thoracic medicine specialist.", "Asthma-related microbes __knowledge__ Chronic Mycoplasma pneumonia and Chlamydia pneumonia infections are associated with the onset and exacerbation of asthma.", "Asthma-related microbes __knowledge__ These microbial infections result in chronic lower airway inflammation, impaired mucociliary clearance, an increase in mucous production and eventually asthma.", "Asthma-related microbes __knowledge__ Furthermore, children who experience severe viral respiratory infections early in life have a high possibility of having asthma later in their childhood.", "Asthma-related microbes __knowledge__ These viral respiratory infections are mostly caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human rhinovirus (HRV).", "Asthma-related microbes __knowledge__ Although RSV infections increase the risk of asthma in early childhood, the association between asthma and RSV decreases with increasing age.", "Influenza __knowledge__ Influenza, commonly known as \"the flu\", is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus.", "Influenza __knowledge__ Symptoms can be mild to severe.", "Influenza __knowledge__ The most common symptoms include: a high fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pains, headache, coughing, and feeling tired.", "Influenza __knowledge__ These symptoms typically begin two days after exposure to the virus and most last less than a week.", "Influenza __knowledge__ The cough, however, may last for more than two weeks.", "Influenza __knowledge__ In children, there may be nausea and vomiting, but these are not common in adults.", "Influenza __knowledge__ Nausea and vomiting occur more commonly in the unrelated infection gastroenteritis, which is sometimes inaccurately referred to as \"stomach flu\" or the \"24-hour flu\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Common cold __knowledge__ The common cold, also known simply as a cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The throat, sinuses, and larynx may also be affected.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms may appear less than two days after exposure to the virus.", "Common cold __knowledge__ These may include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, headache, and fever.", "Common cold __knowledge__ People usually recover in seven to ten days, but some symptoms may last up to three weeks.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Occasionally those with other health problems may develop pneumonia.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Well over 200 virus strains are implicated in causing the common cold, with rhinoviruses being the most common.", "Common cold __knowledge__ They spread through the air during close contact with infected people or indirectly through contact with objects in the environment, followed by transfer to the mouth or nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Risk factors include going to daycare, not sleeping well, and psychological stress.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The symptoms are mostly due to the body's immune response to the infection rather than to tissue destruction by the viruses themselves.", "Common cold __knowledge__ In contrast, those affected by influenza can show similar symptoms as people with a cold, but symptoms are usually more severe.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Additionally, the influenza is less likely to result in a runny nose.", "Buxton Crescent __knowledge__ Buxton Crescent is a Grade-I-listed building in the town of Buxton, Derbyshire, England.", "Buxton Crescent __knowledge__ Owing much to the Royal Crescent in Bath, but described by the Royal Institution of British Architects as \"more richly decorated and altogether more complex\", it was designed by the architect John Carr, and built for the Fifth Duke of Devonshire between 1780 and 1789.", "Buxton Crescent __knowledge__ The Crescent faces the site of St Ann's Well, where warm spring water has flowed for thousands of years.", "Buxton Crescent __knowledge__ The well is at the foot of The Slopes, a steep landscaped hillside in the centre of Buxton.", "Buxton Crescent __knowledge__ Here the geological strata channel mineral water from a mile below ground, to emerge at a constant .", "John Carr (architect) __knowledge__ John Carr (1723–1807) was a prolific English architect.", "John Carr (architect) __knowledge__ Best known for Buxton Crescent and Harewood House, much of his work was in the Palladian style.", "John Carr (architect) __knowledge__ In his day he was considered to be the leading architect in the north of England.", "John Carr (architect) __knowledge__ He was born in Horbury, near Wakefield, England, the eldest of nine children and the son of a master mason, under whom he trained.", "John Carr (architect) __knowledge__ He started an independent career in 1748 and continued until shortly before his death.", "John Carr (architect) __knowledge__ John Carr was Lord Mayor of York in 1770 and 1785.", "John Carr (architect) __knowledge__ Towards the end of his life Carr purchased an estate at Askham Richard, near York, to which he retired.", "Hate crime __knowledge__ A hate crime (also known as a bias-motivated crime or bias crime) is a prejudice-motivated crime which occurs when a perpetrator targets a victim because of his or her membership (or perceived membership) in a certain social group or race.", "Hate crime __knowledge__ Examples of such groups can include and are almost exclusively limited to: sex, ethnicity, disability, language, nationality, physical appearance, religion, gender identity or sexual orientation.", "Hate crime __knowledge__ Non-criminal actions that are motivated by these reasons are often called \"bias incidents\".", "Hate crime __knowledge__ \"Hate crime\" generally refers to criminal acts which are seen to have been motivated by bias against one or more of the social groups listed above, or by bias against their derivatives.", "Hate crime laws in the United States __knowledge__ Hate crime laws in the United States are state and federal laws intended to protect against hate crimes (also known as \"bias crimes\") motivated by enmity or animus against a protected class of persons.", "Hate crime laws in the United States __knowledge__ Although state laws vary, current statutes permit federal prosecution of hate crimes committed on the basis of a person's protected characteristics of race, religion, ethnicity, nationality, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, and disability.", "Hate crime laws in the United States __knowledge__ The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ)/FBI, as well as campus security authorities, are required to collect and publish hate crime statistics.", "Hate crime laws in the United States __knowledge__ The Civil Rights Act of 1968 enacted (b)(2), which permits federal prosecution of anyone who \"willingly injures, intimidates or interferes with another person, or attempts to do so, by force because of the other person's race, color, religion or national origin\" or because of the victim's attempt to engage in one of six types of federally protected activities, such as attending school, patronizing a public place/facility, applying for employment, acting as a juror in a state court or voting.", "Hate speech __knowledge__ Hate speech is speech which attacks a person or group on the basis of attributes such as race, religion, ethnic origin, sexual orientation, disability, or gender.", "Hate speech __knowledge__ In the law of some countries, hate speech is described as speech, gesture or conduct, writing, or display which is forbidden because it incites violence or prejudicial action against a protected group, or individual on the basis of their membership of the group, or because it disparages or intimidates a protected group, or individual on the basis of their membership of the group.", "Hate speech __knowledge__ The law may identify a protected group by certain characteristics.", "Hate group __knowledge__ A hate group is a social group that advocates and practices hatred, hostility, or violence towards members of a race, ethnicity, nation, religion, gender, gender identity, sexual orientation or any other designated sector of society.", "Hate group __knowledge__ According to the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), a hate group's \"primary purpose is to promote animosity, hostility, and malice against persons belonging to a race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, or ethnicity/national origin which differs from that of the members of the organization.\"", "Hate group __knowledge__ In the US, two private organizations that monitor intolerance and hate groups are the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) and the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC).", "List of organizations designated by the Southern Poverty Law Center as anti-LGBT hate groups __knowledge__ The following is a list of notable U.S.-based organizations classified by the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) as anti-LGBT hate groups.", "List of organizations designated by the Southern Poverty Law Center as anti-LGBT hate groups __knowledge__ The SPLC defines \"hate groups\" as those that \"... have beliefs or practices that attack or malign an entire class of people, typically for their immutable characteristics.\"", "List of organizations designated by the Southern Poverty Law Center as anti-LGBT hate groups __knowledge__ The SPLC states that hate group activities may include speeches, marches, rallies, meetings, publishing, leafleting, and criminal acts such as violence.", "List of organizations designated by the Southern Poverty Law Center as anti-LGBT hate groups __knowledge__ The SPLC classifies organizations that propagate \"known falsehoods – claims about LGBT people that have been thoroughly discredited by scientific authorities – and repeated, groundless name-calling\" as anti-LGBT hate groups.", "Lymph node __knowledge__ A lymph node or lymph gland is an ovoid or kidney-shaped organ of the lymphatic system, and of the adaptive immune system, that is widely present throughout the body.", "Lymph node __knowledge__ They are linked by the lymphatic vessels as a part of the circulatory system.", "Lymph node __knowledge__ Lymph nodes are major sites of B and T lymphocytes, and other white blood cells.", "Lymph node __knowledge__ Lymph nodes are important for the proper functioning of the immune system, acting as filters for foreign particles and cancer cells.", "Lymph node __knowledge__ Lymph nodes do not have a detoxification function, which is primarily dealt with by the liver and kidneys.", "Lymph node __knowledge__ In the lymphatic system the lymph node is a secondary lymphoid organ.", "Sinusitis __knowledge__ Sinusitis, also known as a sinus infection or rhinosinusitis, is inflammation of the sinuses resulting in symptoms.", "Sinusitis __knowledge__ Common symptoms include thick nasal mucus, a plugged nose, and pain in the face.", "Sinusitis __knowledge__ Other signs and symptoms may include fever, headaches, poor sense of smell, sore throat, and cough.", "Sinusitis __knowledge__ The cough is often worse at night.", "Sinusitis __knowledge__ Serious complications are rare.", "Sinusitis __knowledge__ It is defined as acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) if it lasts less than 4 weeks, and as chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) if it lasts for more than 12 weeks.", "Sinusitis __knowledge__ Sinusitis can be caused by infection, allergies, air pollution, or structural problems in the nose.", "Paranasal sinuses __knowledge__ Paranasal sinuses are a group of four paired air-filled spaces that surround the nasal cavity.", "Paranasal sinuses __knowledge__ The maxillary sinuses are located under the eyes; the frontal sinuses are above the eyes; the ethmoidal sinuses are between the eyes and the sphenoidal sinuses are behind the eyes.", "Paranasal sinuses __knowledge__ The sinuses are named for the facial bones in which they are located.", "Paranasal sinuses __knowledge__ Humans possess four paired paranasal sinuses, divided into subgroups that are named according to the bones within which the sinuses lie: The paranasal air sinuses are lined with respiratory epithelium (ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium).", "Paranasal sinuses __knowledge__ Paranasal sinuses form developmentally through excavation of bone by air-filled sacs (pneumatic diverticula) from the nasal cavity.", "Victor Negus __knowledge__ Sir Victor Ewings Negus, MS, FRCS (6 February 1887 – 15 July 1974) was a British surgeon who specialised in laryngology and also made fundamental contributions to comparative anatomy with his work on the structure and evolution of the larynx.", "Victor Negus __knowledge__ He was born and educated in London, studying at King's College School, then King's College London, followed by King's College Hospital.", "Victor Negus __knowledge__ The final years of his medical training were interrupted by the First World War, during which he served with the Royal Army Medical Corps.", "Victor Negus __knowledge__ After the war, he qualified as a surgeon and studied with laryngologists in France and the USA before resuming his career at King's College Hospital where he became a junior surgeon in 1924.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Head and neck cancer __knowledge__ Head and neck cancer is a group of cancers that starts within the mouth, nose, throat, larynx, sinuses, or salivary glands.", "Head and neck cancer __knowledge__ Symptoms may include a lump or sore that does not heal, a sore throat that does not go away, trouble swallowing, or a change in the voice.", "Head and neck cancer __knowledge__ There may also be unusual bleeding, facial swelling, or trouble breathing.", "Head and neck cancer __knowledge__ About 75% of head and neck cancer is due to the use of alcohol or tobacco.", "Head and neck cancer __knowledge__ Other risk factors include betel quid, certain types of human papillomavirus, radiation exposure, certain workplace exposures, and Epstein-Barr virus.", "Head and neck cancer __knowledge__ Head and neck cancers are most commonly of the squamous cell carcinoma type.", "Nasal irrigation __knowledge__ Nasal irrigation, or nasal lavage or nasal douche, is a personal hygiene practice in which the nasal cavity is washed to flush out mucus and debris from the nose and sinuses.", "Nasal irrigation __knowledge__ The practice is generally well-tolerated and reported to be beneficial with only minor side effects.", "Nasal irrigation __knowledge__ Nasal irrigation in a wider sense can also refer to the use of saline nasal spray or nebulizers to moisten the mucous membranes.", "Nasal irrigation __knowledge__ According to its advocates, nasal irrigation promotes good sinus and nasal health.", "Nasal irrigation __knowledge__ Patients with chronic sinusitis including symptoms of facial pain, headache, halitosis, cough, anterior rhinorrhea (watery discharge) and nasal congestion are reported often to find nasal irrigation to provide relief." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Common cold __knowledge__ The common cold, also known simply as a cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The throat, sinuses, and larynx may also be affected.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms may appear less than two days after exposure to the virus.", "Common cold __knowledge__ These may include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, headache, and fever.", "Common cold __knowledge__ People usually recover in seven to ten days, but some symptoms may last up to three weeks.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Occasionally those with other health problems may develop pneumonia.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Well over 200 virus strains are implicated in causing the common cold, with rhinoviruses being the most common.", "Common cold __knowledge__ They spread through the air during close contact with infected people or indirectly through contact with objects in the environment, followed by transfer to the mouth or nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Risk factors include going to daycare, not sleeping well, and psychological stress.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The symptoms are mostly due to the body's immune response to the infection rather than to tissue destruction by the viruses themselves.", "Common cold __knowledge__ In contrast, those affected by influenza can show similar symptoms as people with a cold, but symptoms are usually more severe.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Additionally, the influenza is less likely to result in a runny nose.", "Alternative treatments used for the common cold __knowledge__ Alternative treatments used for the common cold include numerous home remedies and alternative medicines.", "Alternative treatments used for the common cold __knowledge__ Scientific research regarding the efficacy of each treatment is generally nonexistent or inconclusive.", "Alternative treatments used for the common cold __knowledge__ Current best evidence indicates prevention, including hand washing and neatness, and management of symptoms.", "Alternative treatments used for the common cold __knowledge__ Many believe that cold temperature can cause and therefore prevention of exposure to cold temperature can prevent the common cold.", "Alternative treatments used for the common cold __knowledge__ Evidence does not support this association.", "Alternative treatments used for the common cold __knowledge__ Vitamin C was identified in the early part of the previous century and there was much interest in its possible effects on various infections including the common cold.", "Vitamin C and the common cold __knowledge__ The common cold, or simply cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract.", "Vitamin C and the common cold __knowledge__ The cold is indeed common, and is a significant cause for absences from work and school.", "Vitamin C and the common cold __knowledge__ Even before the discovery of vitamin C, folklore had it that certain fruits were effective in both preventing and treating the cold.", "Vitamin C and the common cold __knowledge__ After scientific identification of vitamin C in the early part of the 20th century, research began into the possible effects of the vitamin against the common cold.", "Vitamin C and the common cold __knowledge__ Vitamin C has not decreased the frequency of colds in the general population, but it has halved the frequency of colds in people under heavy short-term physical stress.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and -ascorbic acid, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ The disease scurvy is prevented and treated with vitamin C-containing foods or dietary supplements.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Evidence does not support use in the general population for the prevention of the common cold.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ There is, however, some evidence that regular use may shorten the length of colds.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It is unclear if supplementation affects the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, or dementia.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It may be taken by mouth or by injection.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Vitamin C is generally well tolerated.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Large doses may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, trouble sleeping, and flushing of the skin.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ SNOMED CT or SNOMED Clinical Terms is a systematically organized computer processable collection of medical terms providing codes, terms, synonyms and definitions used in clinical documentation and reporting.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ SNOMED CT is considered to be the most comprehensive, multilingual clinical healthcare terminology in the world.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ The primary purpose of SNOMED CT is to encode the meanings that are used in health information and to support the effective clinical recording of data with the aim of improving patient care.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ SNOMED CT provides the core general terminology for electronic health records.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ SNOMED CT comprehensive coverage includes: clinical findings, symptoms, diagnoses, procedures, body structures, organisms and other etiologies, substances, pharmaceuticals, devices and specimens.", "Zinc and the common cold __knowledge__ The human rhinovirus – the most common viral pathogen in humans – is the predominant cause of the common cold.", "Zinc and the common cold __knowledge__ The hypothesized mechanism of action by which zinc reduces the severity and/or duration of cold symptoms is the suppression of nasal inflammation and the direct inhibition of rhinoviral receptor binding and rhinoviral replication in the nasal mucosa.", "Zinc and the common cold __knowledge__ A 2017 meta-analysis compared high dose (>75 mg/day elemental zinc) zinc acetate lozenges with zinc gluconate lozenges and found no evidence that the efficacy differs.", "Zinc and the common cold __knowledge__ In addition, there was no evidence that zinc doses >100 mg/day were more effective than zinc doses 80–92 mg/day.", "Influenza __knowledge__ Influenza, commonly known as \"the flu\", is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus.", "Influenza __knowledge__ Symptoms can be mild to severe.", "Influenza __knowledge__ The most common symptoms include: a high fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pains, headache, coughing, and feeling tired.", "Influenza __knowledge__ These symptoms typically begin two days after exposure to the virus and most last less than a week.", "Influenza __knowledge__ The cough, however, may last for more than two weeks.", "Influenza __knowledge__ In children, there may be nausea and vomiting, but these are not common in adults.", "Influenza __knowledge__ Nausea and vomiting occur more commonly in the unrelated infection gastroenteritis, which is sometimes inaccurately referred to as \"stomach flu\" or the \"24-hour flu\".", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Upper respiratory tract infections (URI or URTI) are illnesses caused by an acute infection which involves the upper respiratory tract including the nose, sinuses, pharynx or larynx.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ This commonly includes nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, and the common cold.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Most infections are viral in nature and in other instances the cause is bacterial.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Upper respiratory tract infections can also be fungal or helminth in origin, but these are far less common.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ In 2015, 17.2 billion cases of upper respiratory infections occurred.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ As of 2014, upper respiratory infections caused about 3,000 deaths down from 4,000 in 1990.", "Streptococcal pharyngitis __knowledge__ Streptococcal pharyngitis, also known as strep throat, is an infection of the back of the throat including the tonsils caused by \"group A streptococcus\" (GAS).", "Streptococcal pharyngitis __knowledge__ Common symptoms include fever, sore throat, red tonsils, and enlarged lymph nodes in the neck.", "Streptococcal pharyngitis __knowledge__ A headache, and nausea or vomiting may also occur.", "Streptococcal pharyngitis __knowledge__ Some develop a sandpaper-like rash which is known as scarlet fever.", "Streptococcal pharyngitis __knowledge__ Symptoms typically begin one to three days after exposure and last seven to ten days.", "Streptococcal pharyngitis __knowledge__ Strep throat is spread by respiratory droplets from an infected person.", "Streptococcal pharyngitis __knowledge__ It may be spread directly or by touching something that has droplets on it and then touching the mouth, nose, or eyes.", "Throat irritation __knowledge__ Throat irritation can refer to a dry cough, a scratchy feeling at the back of the throat, or a sensation of a lumpy feeling or something stuck at the back of the throat During the summer months, allergies are a common cause of throat irritation.", "Throat irritation __knowledge__ Many individuals have allergies to pet dander, dust, mites, pollen and molds that can trigger an allergic reaction which present with runny nose, red eyes, congested nose and throat irritation.", "Throat irritation __knowledge__ Often a dry cough may also be present.", "Throat irritation __knowledge__ It is inflammation of the voice box which can occur from overuse, irritation or an infection.", "Throat irritation __knowledge__ Laryngitis can be a short term illness or a prolonged problem.", "Pharyngitis __knowledge__ Pharyngitis is inflammation of the back of the throat, known as the pharynx.", "Pharyngitis __knowledge__ It typically results in a sore throat and fever.", "Pharyngitis __knowledge__ Other symptoms may include a runny nose, cough, headache, a hoarse voice.", "Pharyngitis __knowledge__ Symptoms usually last three to five days.", "Pharyngitis __knowledge__ Complications can include sinusitis and acute otitis media.", "Pharyngitis __knowledge__ Pharyngitis is typically a type of respiratory tract infection.", "Pharyngitis __knowledge__ Most cases are caused by a viral infection.", "Pharyngitis __knowledge__ Strep throat, a bacterial infection, is the cause in about 25% of children and 10% of adults.", "Pharyngitis __knowledge__ Uncommon causes include other bacteria such as gonorrhea, fungus, irritants such as smoke, allergies, and gastroesophageal reflux disease.", "Swine influenza __knowledge__ Swine influenza is an infection caused by any one of several types of swine influenza viruses.", "Swine influenza __knowledge__ Swine influenza virus (SIV) or swine-origin influenza virus (S-OIV) is any strain of the influenza family of viruses that is endemic in pigs.", "Swine influenza __knowledge__ As of 2009, the known SIV strains include influenza C and the subtypes of influenza A known as H1N1, H1N2, H2N1, H3N1, H3N2, and H2N3.", "Swine influenza __knowledge__ The Swine flu was initially seen in humans in Mexico in 2009, where the strain of the particular virus was a mixture from 3 types of strains.", "Swine influenza __knowledge__ Six of the genes are very similar to the H1N2 influenza virus that was found in pigs around 2000." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4, 5 ]

[ "Recently my whole house was sick with the common cold. It is a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract.", "I hate how it irritates your throat and sinuses! It's terrible", "Me too. And the coughing, sore throat, runny nose and headache! ", "Seven to ten days" ]

[ "Common cold", "Common cold", "Common cold", "Common cold" ]

[ "Brewery", "How many different kinds do they make?", "I think I have heard that before about it being a woman's job. That is pretty crazy." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery or brewing company is a business that makes and sells beer.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The place at which beer is commercially made is either called a brewery or a beerhouse, where distinct sets of brewing equipment are called plant.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The commercial brewing of beer has taken place since at least 2500 BC; in ancient Mesopotamia, brewers derived social sanction and divine protection from the goddess Ninkasi.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Brewing was initially a cottage industry, with production taking place at home; by the ninth century monasteries and farms would produce beer on a larger scale, selling the excess; and by the eleventh and twelfth centuries larger, dedicated breweries with eight to ten workers were being built.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The diversity of size in breweries is matched by the diversity of processes, degrees of automation, and kinds of beer produced in breweries.", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery is typically divided into distinct sections, with each section reserved for one part of the brewing process.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Beer may have been known in Neolithic Europe and was mainly brewed on a domestic scale.", "Brewery __knowledge__ In some form, it can be traced back almost 5000 years to Mesopotamian writings describing daily rations of beer and bread to workers.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Before the rise of production breweries, the production of beer took place at home and was the domain of women, as baking and brewing were seen as \"women's work\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery or brewing company is a business that makes and sells beer.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The place at which beer is commercially made is either called a brewery or a beerhouse, where distinct sets of brewing equipment are called plant.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The commercial brewing of beer has taken place since at least 2500 BC; in ancient Mesopotamia, brewers derived social sanction and divine protection from the goddess Ninkasi.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Brewing was initially a cottage industry, with production taking place at home; by the ninth century monasteries and farms would produce beer on a larger scale, selling the excess; and by the eleventh and twelfth centuries larger, dedicated breweries with eight to ten workers were being built.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The diversity of size in breweries is matched by the diversity of processes, degrees of automation, and kinds of beer produced in breweries.", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery is typically divided into distinct sections, with each section reserved for one part of the brewing process.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Beer may have been known in Neolithic Europe and was mainly brewed on a domestic scale.", "Brewery __knowledge__ In some form, it can be traced back almost 5000 years to Mesopotamian writings describing daily rations of beer and bread to workers.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Before the rise of production breweries, the production of beer took place at home and was the domain of women, as baking and brewing were seen as \"women's work\".", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Law of value __knowledge__ The law of value (German: \"Wertgesetz\") is a central concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, first expounded in his polemic \"The Poverty of Philosophy\" (1847) against Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, with reference to David Ricardo's economics.", "Law of value __knowledge__ Most generally, it refers to a regulative principle of the economic exchange of the products of human work: the relative exchange-values of those products in trade, usually expressed by money-prices, are proportional to the average amounts of human labor-time which are currently socially necessary to produce them.", "Law of value __knowledge__ Thus, the fluctuating exchange value of commodities (exchangeable products) is regulated by their value, where the magnitude of their value is determined by the average quantity of human labour which is currently socially necessary to produce them (see labor theory of value and value-form).", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (, \"Ostān-e Chahār-Mahāl-o Bakhtiyārī\" ) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ It lies in the southwestern part of the country.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ Its capital is Shahr-e Kord.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The province was put as part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ It has an area of 16,332 square kilometers, and had a population of 895,263 in 2011.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The history of the province is tied to that of the Bakhtiari tribe.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The Bakhtiari tribe can be divided into two sub-tribes, \"Haft Lang\" and \"Chahar Lang\" with various territorial affiliations and they are the main speakers of Lurish language.", "Perception __knowledge__ Perception (from the Latin \"perceptio\") is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the presented information, or the environment.", "Perception __knowledge__ All perception involves signals that go through the nervous system, which in turn result from physical or chemical stimulation of the sensory system.", "Perception __knowledge__ For example, vision involves light striking the retina of the eye, smell is mediated by odor molecules, and hearing involves pressure waves.", "Perception __knowledge__ Perception is not only the passive receipt of these signals, but it's also shaped by the recipient's learning, memory, expectation, and attention.", "Henry Trefflich __knowledge__ Henry Trefflich (January 9, 1908– July 7, 1978) was an animal importer and dealer.", "Henry Trefflich __knowledge__ He procured animals of many different types and sizes from Africa, Asia and South America and imported them to the United States via ship and airplane.", "Henry Trefflich __knowledge__ He sold them to zoos, circuses, Hollywood studios and also to various private and government research institutions.", "Henry Trefflich __knowledge__ His business was headquartered on Fulton Street in Manhattan, New York City, NY, USA, where his shop was considered a local attraction in its own right.", "Henry Trefflich __knowledge__ In the early 1960s his building along with the neighboring properties were bought by the Port Authority for the construction of New York City's World Trade Center.", "Paleontology in New Mexico __knowledge__ Paleontology in New Mexico refers to paleontological research occurring within or conducted by people from the U.S. state of New Mexico.", "Paleontology in New Mexico __knowledge__ The fossil record of New Mexico is exceptionally complete and spans almost the entire stratigraphic column.", "Paleontology in New Mexico __knowledge__ More than 3,300 different kinds of fossil organisms have been found in the state.", "Paleontology in New Mexico __knowledge__ Of these more than 700 of these were new to science and more than 100 of those were type species for new genera.", "Paleontology in New Mexico __knowledge__ During the early Paleozoic, southern and western New Mexico were submerged by a warm shallow sea that would come to be home to creatures including brachiopods, bryozoans, cartilaginous fishes, corals, graptolites, nautiloids, placoderms, and trilobites.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is a culinary style originating in Bengal, a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, which is now divided between Bangladesh and the West Bengal state of India.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Other regions, such as Tripura, and the Barak Valley region of Assam (in India) also have large native Bengali populations and share this cuisine.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ With an emphasis on fish, vegetables and lentils are served with rice as a staple diet.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is known for its subtle (yet sometimes fiery) flavours, and its spread of confectioneries and desserts.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ It also has the only traditionally developed multi-course tradition from the subcontinent that is analogous in structure to the modern \"service à la russe\" style of French cuisine, with food served course-wise rather than all at once.", "Anheuser-Busch __knowledge__ Anheuser-Busch Companies, LLC is a brewing company based in St. Louis, Missouri USA and headquartered in Leuven, Belgium.", "Anheuser-Busch __knowledge__ Since 2008, it has been a wholly owned subsidiary of Anheuser-Busch InBev (AB InBev) which also has its North American regional management headquarters in St. Louis.", "Anheuser-Busch __knowledge__ The original Anheuser-Busch InBev (AB InBev) was formed through successive mergers of three international brewing groups: Interbrew from Belgium, AmBev from Brazil and Anheuser-Busch.", "Anheuser-Busch __knowledge__ Hence, since 2008, Anheuser-Busch has been a division of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, now the world's largest brewing company.", "Anheuser-Busch __knowledge__ The company employs over 30,000 people, operates 12 breweries in the United States, and until December 2009, was one of the largest theme park operators in the United States, with ten theme parks through the company's family entertainment division, Busch Entertainment Corporation.", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ The Pearl Brewing Company (also known as the Pearl Brewery or just Pearl) was an American brewery, established in 1883 in Downtown San Antonio, Texas, USA.", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ In 1985, Pearl's parent company purchased the Pabst Brewing Company and assumed the Pabst name.", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ In 1999, the Pabst Brewing Company began transferring its production to Miller Brewing, on a contract basis, and closing all of its breweries.", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ Pearl beer is still in production at Miller's Ft. Worth, Texas facility, but the Pearl Brewery in San Antonio was closed in 2001.", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ Since then, the former brewery was purchased by Silver Ventures, Inc., which has made the property the crown jewel in revitalization efforts of southern Midtown and northern Downtown San Antonio.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Beer in England has been brewed for hundreds of years.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ As a beer brewing country, England is known for its top fermented cask beer (also called real ale) which finishes maturing in the cellar of the pub rather than at the brewery and is served with only natural carbonation.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ English beer styles include bitter, mild, brown ale and old ale.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Stout, porter and India Pale Ale were also originally brewed in London.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Lager style beer has increased considerably in popularity since the mid 20th century.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Other modern developments include consolidation of large brewers into multinational corporations; growth of beer consumerism; expansion of microbreweries and increased interest in bottle conditioned beers.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ Beer in Canada was introduced by European settlers in the seventeenth century.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The first commercial brewery was La Brasseries due Roy [sic] started by New France Intendant Jean Talon, in Québec City in 1668.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ Many commercial brewers thrived until Prohibition in Canada.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The provincial and federal governments' attempt to eliminate \"intoxicating\" beverages led to the closing of nearly three quarters of breweries between 1878 and 1928.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ It was only in the second half of the twentieth century that a significant number of new breweries opened up.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The Canadian Beer industry now plays an important role in Canadian identity, though globalization of the brewing industry has seen the major players in Canada acquired by, or merged with, foreign companies, notably its three largest beer producers, Labatt, Molson and Sleeman.", "Volfas Engelman __knowledge__ Volfas Engelman is an alcohol beverage producer in Kaunas, Lithuania.", "Volfas Engelman __knowledge__ , 99.57% of Volfas Engelman shares belong to Finnish company group Olvi Plc.", "Volfas Engelman __knowledge__ It is one of the most modern light alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages producer in Lithuania, which produces and sells beer, kvass, cider, alcohol cocktails, and energy drinks.", "Volfas Engelman __knowledge__ According to market research company AC Nielsen, Volfas Engelman is the third biggest player in the beer market; it has 37% of cider market share, 26% of alcohol cocktails, and 13% of energy drinks market in 2009.", "Volfas Engelman __knowledge__ Smetoniska gira, a kvass that was launched in 2008, was the market leader in 2009.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ Heineken International is a group which owns a worldwide portfolio of over 170 beer brands, mainly pale lager, though some other beer styles are produced.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ As of 2006, Heineken owns over 125 breweries in more than 70 countries and employs approximately 57,557 people.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ The two largest brands are Heineken and Tecate; though the portfolio includes Amstel, Fosters (in Europe and Vietnam), Sagres, Cruzcampo, Skopsko, Affligem, Żywiec, Starobrno, Zagorka, Zlatý Bažant and Birra Moretti.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ Heineken Lager Beer is the flagship product of the company.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ It is a 5% abv pale lager that was first made in 1868.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ It is brewed by 40 breweries in 39 countries around the world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery or brewing company is a business that makes and sells beer.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The place at which beer is commercially made is either called a brewery or a beerhouse, where distinct sets of brewing equipment are called plant.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The commercial brewing of beer has taken place since at least 2500 BC; in ancient Mesopotamia, brewers derived social sanction and divine protection from the goddess Ninkasi.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Brewing was initially a cottage industry, with production taking place at home; by the ninth century monasteries and farms would produce beer on a larger scale, selling the excess; and by the eleventh and twelfth centuries larger, dedicated breweries with eight to ten workers were being built.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The diversity of size in breweries is matched by the diversity of processes, degrees of automation, and kinds of beer produced in breweries.", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery is typically divided into distinct sections, with each section reserved for one part of the brewing process.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Beer may have been known in Neolithic Europe and was mainly brewed on a domestic scale.", "Brewery __knowledge__ In some form, it can be traced back almost 5000 years to Mesopotamian writings describing daily rations of beer and bread to workers.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Before the rise of production breweries, the production of beer took place at home and was the domain of women, as baking and brewing were seen as \"women's work\".", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Vs. (Pearl Jam album) __knowledge__ Vs. is the second studio album by American rock band Pearl Jam, released on October 19, 1993 through Epic Records.", "Vs. (Pearl Jam album) __knowledge__ After a relentless touring schedule in support of their 1991 debut album \"Ten\", Pearl Jam headed into the studio in early 1993 facing the challenge of following up the commercial success of its debut.", "Vs. (Pearl Jam album) __knowledge__ The resulting album, \"Vs.\", featured a rawer and more aggressive sound compared with the band's previous release.", "Vs. (Pearl Jam album) __knowledge__ It was the band's first collaboration with producer Brendan O'Brien, and their first album with drummer Dave Abbruzzese.", "Vs. (Pearl Jam album) __knowledge__ Pearl Jam decided to scale back its commercial efforts for \"Vs.\", including declining to produce music videos for any of the album's singles.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Pearl Jam is an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1990.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Since its inception, the band's line-up has consisted of Eddie Vedder (lead vocals), Mike McCready (lead guitar), Stone Gossard (rhythm guitar) and Jeff Ament (bass).", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ The band's fifth member is drummer Matt Cameron (also of Soundgarden), who has been with the band since 1998.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Boom Gaspar (piano) has also been a session/touring member with the band since 2002.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Drummers Dave Krusen, Matt Chamberlain, Dave Abbruzzese and Jack Irons are former members of the band.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Formed after the demise of Gossard and Ament's previous band, Mother Love Bone, Pearl Jam broke into the mainstream with its debut album, \"Ten\", in 1991.", "Crazy Horse __knowledge__ Crazy Horse (Lakota: in Standard Lakota Orthography, IPA:, literally \"His-Horse-Is-Crazy\"; 1840 – September 5, 1877) was a Native American war leader of the Oglala Lakota in the 19th century.", "Crazy Horse __knowledge__ He took up arms against the United States federal government to fight against encroachment by white American settlers on Indian territory and to preserve the traditional way of life of the Lakota people.", "Crazy Horse __knowledge__ His participation in several famous battles of the American Indian Wars on the northern Great Plains, among them the Fetterman massacre in 1866, in which he acted as a decoy, and the Battle of the Little Bighorn in 1876, in which he led a war party to victory, earned him great respect from both his enemies and his own people.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The primary characters of the American television comedy series \"Parks and Recreation\" are the employees of the parks department of Pawnee, a fictional Indiana town.", "List of Parks and Recreation characters __knowledge__ The protagonist is Leslie Knope (Amy Poehler), the deputy parks director as well as serving on city council, and the rest of the ensemble cast consists of her friends and co-workers, including nurse Ann Perkins (Rashida Jones), parks director Ron Swanson (Nick Offerman), and parks department employees Tom Haverford (Aziz Ansari), April Ludgate (Aubrey Plaza), Andy Dwyer (Chris Pratt), Jerry Gergich (Jim O'Heir), and Donna Meagle (Retta).", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Beer in Belgium __knowledge__ Beer in Belgium varies from pale lager via the amber of special and lambic beer, red of Flemish red, to black of Scotch and Stout beers.", "Beer in Belgium __knowledge__ There are approximately 180 breweries in the country, ranging from international giants to microbreweries.", "Beer in Belgium __knowledge__ In 2016, UNESCO inscribed Belgian beer culture on their list of the intangible cultural heritage of humanity, noting that: beer culture in Belgium combines know-how concerning nature, social practices and craft skills that constitute an integral part of daily and festive life.", "Beer in Belgium __knowledge__ Regularly shared between practitioners, knowledge and skills are transmitted from masters to apprentices in breweries but also within families, in public spaces and through formal education.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Beer in England has been brewed for hundreds of years.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ As a beer brewing country, England is known for its top fermented cask beer (also called real ale) which finishes maturing in the cellar of the pub rather than at the brewery and is served with only natural carbonation.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ English beer styles include bitter, mild, brown ale and old ale.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Stout, porter and India Pale Ale were also originally brewed in London.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Lager style beer has increased considerably in popularity since the mid 20th century.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Other modern developments include consolidation of large brewers into multinational corporations; growth of beer consumerism; expansion of microbreweries and increased interest in bottle conditioned beers.", "Oktoberfest __knowledge__ Oktoberfest () is the world's largest Volksfest (beer festival and travelling funfair).", "Oktoberfest __knowledge__ Held annually in Munich, Bavaria, Germany, it is a 16- to 18-day folk festival running from mid or late September to the first weekend in October, with more than 6 million people from around the world attending the event every year.", "Oktoberfest __knowledge__ Locally, it is often called the Wiesn, after the colloquial name for the fairgrounds, Theresa's meadows (\"Theresienwiese\").", "Oktoberfest __knowledge__ The Oktoberfest is an important part of Bavarian culture, having been held since the year 1810.", "Oktoberfest __knowledge__ Other cities across the world also hold Oktoberfest celebrations that are modeled after the original Munich event.", "Microbrewery __knowledge__ A microbrewery or craft brewery is a brewery that produces small amounts of beer (or sometimes root beer), typically much smaller than large-scale corporate breweries, and is independently owned.", "Microbrewery __knowledge__ Such breweries are generally characterized by their emphasis on quality, flavour and brewing technique.", "Microbrewery __knowledge__ The microbrewing movement began in the United Kingdom in the 1970s although traditional artisanal brewing existed in Europe for centuries and subsequently spread to other countries.", "Microbrewery __knowledge__ As the movement grew and some breweries expanded their production and distribution, the more encompassing concept of craft brewing emerged.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ Beer in Canada was introduced by European settlers in the seventeenth century.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The first commercial brewery was La Brasseries due Roy [sic] started by New France Intendant Jean Talon, in Québec City in 1668.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ Many commercial brewers thrived until Prohibition in Canada.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The provincial and federal governments' attempt to eliminate \"intoxicating\" beverages led to the closing of nearly three quarters of breweries between 1878 and 1928.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ It was only in the second half of the twentieth century that a significant number of new breweries opened up.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The Canadian Beer industry now plays an important role in Canadian identity, though globalization of the brewing industry has seen the major players in Canada acquired by, or merged with, foreign companies, notably its three largest beer producers, Labatt, Molson and Sleeman.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is one of the oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic drinks in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is brewed from cereal grains—most commonly from malted barley, though wheat, maize (corn), and rice are also used.", "Beer __knowledge__ During the brewing process, fermentation of the starch sugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the resulting beer.", "Beer __knowledge__ Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilizing agent.", "Beer __knowledge__ Other flavouring agents such as gruit, herbs, or fruits may be included or used instead of hops." ] ]

[ 1, 9, 3 ]

[ "My brother in law owns a brewery, or a business that makes and sells beer.", "Many different kinds! Before breweries, the production of beer took place at home and was deemed to be women's work if you can believe it!", "Commercial brewing of beer has been around since 2500 BC! " ]

[ "Brewery", "Brewery", "Brewery" ]

[ "The Rolling Stones\nThe Rolling Stones is my favorite band, do you know much about them?", "Wow has it really been that long since they formed, crazy. Do you have a favorite song from them?", "Mick Jagger is such an interesting person, do you know any interesting tidbits about him?", "True he does have a pretty unique voice. I don't know much about Charlie Watts also, do you have any information on him?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The Rolling Stones are an English rock band formed in London, England in 1962.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The first stable line-up consisted of Brian Jones (guitar, harmonica), Mick Jagger (lead vocals), Keith Richards (guitar, backing vocals), Bill Wyman (bass), Charlie Watts (drums), and Ian Stewart (piano).", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Stewart was removed from the official line-up in 1963 but continued as a touring member until his death in 1985.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Jones left the band less than a month prior to his death in 1969, having already been replaced by Mick Taylor, who remained until 1974.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ After Taylor left the band, Ronnie Wood took his place in 1975 and has been on guitar in tandem with Richards ever since.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Following Wyman's departure in 1993, Darryl Jones joined as their touring bassist.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Touring keyboardists for the band have been Nicky Hopkins (1967–1982), Ian McLagan (1978–1981), Billy Preston (through the mid-1970s) and Chuck Leavell (1982–present).", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The band was first led by Brian Jones, but after developing into the band's songwriters, Jagger and Richards assumed leadership while Jones dealt with legal and personal troubles.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The Rolling Stones were at the forefront of the British Invasion of bands that became popular in the United States in 1964, and identified with the youthful and rebellious counterculture of the 1960s.", "Brian Jones __knowledge__ Lewis Brian Hopkin Jones (28 February 1942 – 3 July 1969) was an English musician, best known as founder and the original leader of the Rolling Stones.", "Brian Jones __knowledge__ Initially a slide guitarist, Jones would go on to play a wide variety of instruments on Rolling Stones recordings and in concerts, such as rhythm and lead guitar, various keyboard instruments such as piano and organ, marimba, harmonica, sitar, wind instruments such as recorder, saxophone, oboe, and numerous others.", "Brian Jones __knowledge__ Jones and fellow guitarist Keith Richards developed a unique style of guitar play that Richards refers to as the \"ancient art of weaving\" where both players would play both rhythm and lead parts together; Richards would carry the style on with later Stones guitarists and the sound would become a Rolling Stones trademark.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Sir Michael Philip Jagger, (born 26 July 1943) is an English singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, composer and actor who gained fame as the lead singer and one of the founder members of the Rolling Stones.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger's career has spanned over five decades, and he has been described as \"one of the most popular and influential frontmen in the history of rock & roll\".", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ His distinctive voice and performances, along with Keith Richards' guitar style have been the trademark of the Rolling Stones throughout the band's career.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger gained press notoriety for his admitted drug use and romantic involvements, and was often portrayed as a countercultural figure.", "Keith Richards __knowledge__ Keith Richards (born 18 December 1943), sometimes credited as Keith Richard, is an English singer-songwriter, composer, and actor, best known as a guitarist and founder member of the Rolling Stones.", "Keith Richards __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" magazine called Richards \"rock's greatest single body of riffs\" on guitar and ranked him fourth on its list of 100 best guitarists in 2011, and the magazine lists fourteen songs that Richards wrote with the Rolling Stones' lead vocalist Mick Jagger on its \"500 Greatest Songs of All Time\".", "Keith Richards __knowledge__ Richards plays both lead and rhythm guitar parts, often in the same song, as the Stones are generally known for their guitar interplay of rhythm and lead (\"weaving\") between Richards and the other guitarist in the band (Brian Jones (1962–1969), Mick Taylor (1969–1975), and Ronnie Wood (1975–present)).", "Alice Cooper __knowledge__ Alice Cooper (born Vincent Damon Furnier; February 4, 1948) is an American singer, songwriter, and actor whose career spans over five decades.", "Alice Cooper __knowledge__ With his distinctive raspy voice and a stage show that features guillotines, electric chairs, fake blood, deadly snakes, baby dolls, and dueling swords, Cooper is considered by music journalists and peers alike to be \"The Godfather of Shock Rock\".", "Alice Cooper __knowledge__ He has drawn equally from horror films, vaudeville, and garage rock to pioneer a macabre and theatrical brand of rock designed to shock people.", "Alice Cooper __knowledge__ Originating in Phoenix, Arizona, in the late 1960s after he moved from Detroit, Michigan, \"Alice Cooper\" was originally a band consisting of Furnier on vocals and harmonica, lead guitarist Glen Buxton, Michael Bruce on rhythm guitar, Dennis Dunaway on bass guitar, and drummer Neal Smith.", "Mick Taylor __knowledge__ Michael Kevin Taylor (born 17 January 1949) is an English musician, best known as a former member of John Mayall's Bluesbreakers (1966–69) and the Rolling Stones (1969–74).", "Mick Taylor __knowledge__ He has appeared on some of the Stones' classic albums including \"Let It Bleed\", \"Sticky Fingers\" and \"Exile on Main St.\".", "Mick Taylor __knowledge__ Since leaving the Rolling Stones in December 1974, Taylor has worked with numerous other artists and released several solo albums.", "Mick Taylor __knowledge__ From November 2012 onwards he participated in the Stones' 50th-Anniversary shows in London and Newark, and in the band's 50 & Counting World Tour, which included North America, Glastonbury Festival and Hyde Park in 2013.", "Altamont Free Concert __knowledge__ The Altamont Speedway Free Festival was a counterculture-era rock concert in 1969 in the United States, held at the Altamont Speedway in northern California on Saturday, December 6.", "Altamont Free Concert __knowledge__ The event is best known for considerable violence, including the stabbing death of Meredith Hunter and three accidental deaths: two caused by a hit-and-run car accident, and one by LSD-induced drowning in an irrigation canal.", "Altamont Free Concert __knowledge__ Scores were injured, numerous cars were stolen and then abandoned, and there was extensive property damage.", "Altamont Free Concert __knowledge__ The concert featured (in order of appearance): Santana, The Flying Burrito Brothers, Jefferson Airplane and Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young, with the Rolling Stones taking the stage as the final act." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The Rolling Stones are an English rock band formed in London, England in 1962.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The first stable line-up consisted of Brian Jones (guitar, harmonica), Mick Jagger (lead vocals), Keith Richards (guitar, backing vocals), Bill Wyman (bass), Charlie Watts (drums), and Ian Stewart (piano).", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Stewart was removed from the official line-up in 1963 but continued as a touring member until his death in 1985.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Jones left the band less than a month prior to his death in 1969, having already been replaced by Mick Taylor, who remained until 1974.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ After Taylor left the band, Ronnie Wood took his place in 1975 and has been on guitar in tandem with Richards ever since.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Following Wyman's departure in 1993, Darryl Jones joined as their touring bassist.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Touring keyboardists for the band have been Nicky Hopkins (1967–1982), Ian McLagan (1978–1981), Billy Preston (through the mid-1970s) and Chuck Leavell (1982–present).", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The band was first led by Brian Jones, but after developing into the band's songwriters, Jagger and Richards assumed leadership while Jones dealt with legal and personal troubles.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The Rolling Stones were at the forefront of the British Invasion of bands that became popular in the United States in 1964, and identified with the youthful and rebellious counterculture of the 1960s.", "Countdown (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Countdown\" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé for her fourth studio album, \"4\" (2011).", "Countdown (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Knowles, Terius Nash, Shea Taylor, Ester Dean, Cainon Lamb, Julie Frost, Michael Bivins, Nathan Morris and Wanya Morris, and produced by Beyoncé, Taylor and Lamb.", "Countdown (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ The song's conception was brought about by Knowles desiring to mix musical styles of the 1990s with the 1970s.", "Countdown (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ It was sent to radio on October 4, 2011 as the fourth single from \"4\".", "Countdown (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ Featuring a sample of \"Uhh Ahh\" by Boyz II Men, \"Countdown\" incorporates aspects of hip hop, funk, reggae and world music.", "Countdown (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ According to the lyrics, the female protagonist delivers a message of monogamy for her lover, celebrating self-worthiness as well as appreciating him.", "Favorite Song __knowledge__ \"Favorite Song\" is a song by American recording artist Colbie Caillat.", "Favorite Song __knowledge__ It was written by Caillat and Ryan Tedder, and produced by Tedder and it features American rapper Common.", "Favorite Song __knowledge__ The song was released as the third single from her third studio album \"All of You\" (2011).", "Favorite Song __knowledge__ it was released on May 8, 2012.", "Favorite Song __knowledge__ Musically, the song is a guitar-driven pop, hip-hop jam, and the lyrics speak about being in love with someone and desiring that the person feels the same.", "Favorite Song __knowledge__ The song is a metaphor for wanting to be the object of someone’s affection.", "Favorite Song __knowledge__ The song received mixed reviews, some critics commended the track for having a \"summer and island vibe\", but some others dismissed Common's appearance and the chorus.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ \"Crazy in Love\" is a song by American singer Beyoncé featuring American rapper Jay-Z, from Beyoncé's debut solo studio album \"Dangerously in Love\" (2003).", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Both artists wrote and composed the song in collaboration with Rich Harrison and Eugene Record; the former also produced it with Beyoncé.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Using samples from The Chi-Lites's 1970 song \"Are You My Woman (Tell Me So)\", \"Crazy in Love\" is a contemporary R&B and pop love song that incorporates elements of hip hop, soul, and 1970s-style funk music.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Its lyrics describe a romantic obsession that causes the protagonist to act out of character.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Columbia Records released \"Crazy in Love\" as the lead single from \"Dangerously in Love\" on May 18, 2003.", "Crazy Nights __knowledge__ Crazy Nights is the 14th studio album by American rock band Kiss, recorded from March to June 1987 and released on September 18, 1987 by Mercury and Vertigo in Europe.", "Crazy Nights __knowledge__ This was the second album to feature the new line-up of Gene Simmons, Paul Stanley, Bruce Kulick, and Eric Carr.", "Crazy Nights __knowledge__ It featured keyboards, which was another departure in their music style, changing from their \"Creatures of the Night\"/\"Lick It Up\"/\"Animalize\"/\"Asylum\" heavy metal sound into a more radio friendly sound.", "Crazy Nights __knowledge__ It was re-released in 1998 as part of the Kiss Remasters series, it is the last Kiss album to have been remastered.", "Crazy Nights __knowledge__ A relatively high number of songs from \"Crazy Nights\" were performed live during its supporting tour, but during and especially immediately following the tour, most of those songs were dropped and were never performed again.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ Atlantic Recording Corporation (simply known as Atlantic Records) is an American major record label founded in October 1947 by Ahmet Ertegün and Herb Abramson.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ Over its first 20 years of operation, Atlantic Records earned a reputation as one of the most important American recording labels, specializing in jazz, R&B and soul recordings by African-American musicians including Aretha Franklin, Ray Charles, Wilson Pickett, Sam and Dave, Ruth Brown and Otis Redding, a position greatly enhanced by its distribution deal with Stax Records.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ In 1967, Atlantic Records became a wholly owned subsidiary of Warner Bros.-Seven Arts, now the Warner Music Group, and expanded into rock and pop music with releases by bands such as Led Zeppelin and Yes.", "The Great Band Era __knowledge__ The Great Band Era is a compilation album featuring Swing music from 1936-1945.", "The Great Band Era __knowledge__ Reader's Digest released the album in 1965.", "The Great Band Era __knowledge__ In 1988, the Recording Industry Association of America certified 9 million sales of the album – making it one of the top selling albums ever within the United States.", "The Great Band Era __knowledge__ The album was released as a ten LP album box set.", "The Great Band Era __knowledge__ The album included many swing favorites, as well as new recordings.", "The Great Band Era __knowledge__ Reader's Digest sent out a free promotional record before releasing the album.", "The Great Band Era __knowledge__ Voiced by Vaughn Monroe, the record boasted that in \"The Great Band Era\", RCA Victor sound engineers had \"remove[d] all the irritating noise and scratchiness that was always present on the original records, even when they were brand new.\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Jon Anderson __knowledge__ John Roy Anderson (born 25 October 1944), known professionally as Jon Anderson, is a British-American singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist best known as the former lead singer of the progressive rock band Yes, which he co-founded in 1968 with bassist Chris Squire.", "Jon Anderson __knowledge__ He was a member of the band across three tenures between 1968 and 2008.", "Jon Anderson __knowledge__ Anderson is also noted for his solo career and collaborations with other artists, including Vangelis as Jon and Vangelis, Roine Stolt as Anderson/Stolt, and Jean-Luc Ponty as AndersonPonty Band.", "Jon Anderson __knowledge__ He has also appeared on albums by King Crimson, Tangerine Dream, and Iron Butterfly.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Richard Christopher \"Rick\" Wakeman (born 18 May 1949) is an English keyboardist, songwriter, television and radio presenter, and author.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the progressive rock band Yes across five tenures between 1971 and 2004 and for his solo albums released in the 1970s.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is a current member of Yes Featuring Jon Anderson, Trevor Rabin and Rick Wakeman.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Born and raised in West London, Wakeman intended to be a concert pianist but quit his studies at the Royal College of Music in 1969 to become a full-time session musician.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ His early sessions included playing on \"Space Oddity\", among others, for David Bowie and songs by Junior's Eyes, T. Rex, Elton John, and Cat Stevens.", "Bee Gees __knowledge__ The Bee Gees were a pop music group formed in 1958.", "Bee Gees __knowledge__ Their lineup consisted of brothers Barry, Robin, and Maurice Gibb.", "Bee Gees __knowledge__ The trio were successful for most of their decades of recording music, but they had two distinct periods of exceptional success: as a popular music act in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and as prominent performers of the disco music era in the mid-to-late 1970s.", "Bee Gees __knowledge__ The group sang recognisable three-part tight harmonies; Robin's clear vibrato lead vocals were a hallmark of their earlier hits, while Barry's R&B falsetto became their signature sound during the mid-to-late 1970s and 1980s." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The Rolling Stones are an English rock band formed in London, England in 1962.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The first stable line-up consisted of Brian Jones (guitar, harmonica), Mick Jagger (lead vocals), Keith Richards (guitar, backing vocals), Bill Wyman (bass), Charlie Watts (drums), and Ian Stewart (piano).", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Stewart was removed from the official line-up in 1963 but continued as a touring member until his death in 1985.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Jones left the band less than a month prior to his death in 1969, having already been replaced by Mick Taylor, who remained until 1974.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ After Taylor left the band, Ronnie Wood took his place in 1975 and has been on guitar in tandem with Richards ever since.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Following Wyman's departure in 1993, Darryl Jones joined as their touring bassist.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Touring keyboardists for the band have been Nicky Hopkins (1967–1982), Ian McLagan (1978–1981), Billy Preston (through the mid-1970s) and Chuck Leavell (1982–present).", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The band was first led by Brian Jones, but after developing into the band's songwriters, Jagger and Richards assumed leadership while Jones dealt with legal and personal troubles.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The Rolling Stones were at the forefront of the British Invasion of bands that became popular in the United States in 1964, and identified with the youthful and rebellious counterculture of the 1960s.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Sir Michael Philip Jagger, (born 26 July 1943) is an English singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, composer and actor who gained fame as the lead singer and one of the founder members of the Rolling Stones.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger's career has spanned over five decades, and he has been described as \"one of the most popular and influential frontmen in the history of rock & roll\".", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ His distinctive voice and performances, along with Keith Richards' guitar style have been the trademark of the Rolling Stones throughout the band's career.", "Mick Jagger __knowledge__ Jagger gained press notoriety for his admitted drug use and romantic involvements, and was often portrayed as a countercultural figure.", "Brian Jones __knowledge__ Lewis Brian Hopkin Jones (28 February 1942 – 3 July 1969) was an English musician, best known as founder and the original leader of the Rolling Stones.", "Brian Jones __knowledge__ Initially a slide guitarist, Jones would go on to play a wide variety of instruments on Rolling Stones recordings and in concerts, such as rhythm and lead guitar, various keyboard instruments such as piano and organ, marimba, harmonica, sitar, wind instruments such as recorder, saxophone, oboe, and numerous others.", "Brian Jones __knowledge__ Jones and fellow guitarist Keith Richards developed a unique style of guitar play that Richards refers to as the \"ancient art of weaving\" where both players would play both rhythm and lead parts together; Richards would carry the style on with later Stones guitarists and the sound would become a Rolling Stones trademark.", "Keith Richards __knowledge__ Keith Richards (born 18 December 1943), sometimes credited as Keith Richard, is an English singer-songwriter, composer, and actor, best known as a guitarist and founder member of the Rolling Stones.", "Keith Richards __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" magazine called Richards \"rock's greatest single body of riffs\" on guitar and ranked him fourth on its list of 100 best guitarists in 2011, and the magazine lists fourteen songs that Richards wrote with the Rolling Stones' lead vocalist Mick Jagger on its \"500 Greatest Songs of All Time\".", "Keith Richards __knowledge__ Richards plays both lead and rhythm guitar parts, often in the same song, as the Stones are generally known for their guitar interplay of rhythm and lead (\"weaving\") between Richards and the other guitarist in the band (Brian Jones (1962–1969), Mick Taylor (1969–1975), and Ronnie Wood (1975–present)).", "Exile on Main St. __knowledge__ Exile on Main St. is a double album by English rock band the Rolling Stones, released on 12 May 1972 on LP by Rolling Stones Records.", "Exile on Main St. __knowledge__ It was the band's first double album and tenth studio album released in the United Kingdom.", "Exile on Main St. __knowledge__ It was primarily recorded in a rented villa in Nellcôte, France while the band lived abroad as tax exiles, and is rooted in styles such as blues, rock and roll, swing, country, and gospel.", "Exile on Main St. __knowledge__ The sessions included additional musicians such as pianist Nicky Hopkins, saxophonist Bobby Keys, drummer Jimmy Miller, and horn player Jim Price, and were completed at Los Angeles's Sunset Sound.", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ \"Moves like Jagger\" is a song by American band Maroon 5 featuring singer Christina Aguilera.", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ It was released by A&M Octone Records on June 21, 2011, as the fourth and final single from the re-release of the group's third studio album \"Hands All Over\" (2010).", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ The song was written by Adam Levine, Ammar Malik, Benjamin Levin, and Shellback; the latter two are also the producers.", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ \"Moves like Jagger\" is a dance-pop and electropop song and is backed by synths and electronic drums.", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ The lyrics refer to a male's ability to impress a love interest with his dance moves, which he compares to those of Mick Jagger, lead singer of The Rolling Stones.", "Mick Taylor __knowledge__ Michael Kevin Taylor (born 17 January 1949) is an English musician, best known as a former member of John Mayall's Bluesbreakers (1966–69) and the Rolling Stones (1969–74).", "Mick Taylor __knowledge__ He has appeared on some of the Stones' classic albums including \"Let It Bleed\", \"Sticky Fingers\" and \"Exile on Main St.\".", "Mick Taylor __knowledge__ Since leaving the Rolling Stones in December 1974, Taylor has worked with numerous other artists and released several solo albums.", "Mick Taylor __knowledge__ From November 2012 onwards he participated in the Stones' 50th-Anniversary shows in London and Newark, and in the band's 50 & Counting World Tour, which included North America, Glastonbury Festival and Hyde Park in 2013.", "Little Red Rooster __knowledge__ \"Little Red Rooster\" (or \"The Red Rooster\" as it was first titled) is a blues standard credited to arranger and songwriter Willie Dixon.", "Little Red Rooster __knowledge__ The song was first recorded in 1961 by American blues musician Howlin' Wolf in the Chicago blues style.", "Little Red Rooster __knowledge__ His vocal and slide guitar playing are key elements of the song.", "Little Red Rooster __knowledge__ It is rooted in the Delta blues tradition and the theme is derived from folklore.", "Little Red Rooster __knowledge__ Musical antecedents to \"Little Red Rooster\" appear in earlier songs by blues artists Charlie Patton and Memphis Minnie.", "Little Red Rooster __knowledge__ A variety of musicians have interpreted and recorded \"Little Red Rooster\".", "Little Red Rooster __knowledge__ Some add new words and instrumentation to mimic the sounds of animals mentioned in the lyrics.", "Bill Wyman __knowledge__ Bill Wyman (born William George Perks Jr., 24 October 1936) is an English musician, record producer, songwriter and singer.", "Bill Wyman __knowledge__ He was the bass guitarist for the English rock and roll band the Rolling Stones from 1962 until 1993.", "Bill Wyman __knowledge__ Since 1997, he has recorded and toured with his own band, Bill Wyman's Rhythm Kings.", "Bill Wyman __knowledge__ He has worked producing records and films, and has scored music for film in movies and television.", "Bill Wyman __knowledge__ Wyman has kept a journal since he was a child after World War II.", "Bill Wyman __knowledge__ As an author, he has written seven books.", "Bill Wyman __knowledge__ Wyman is also a photographer, and his works have been displayed in galleries around the world. In 1961 Wyman heavily modified an inexpensive, second hand Dallas Tuxedo bass to create his own fretless bass guitar." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The Rolling Stones are an English rock band formed in London, England in 1962.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The first stable line-up consisted of Brian Jones (guitar, harmonica), Mick Jagger (lead vocals), Keith Richards (guitar, backing vocals), Bill Wyman (bass), Charlie Watts (drums), and Ian Stewart (piano).", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Stewart was removed from the official line-up in 1963 but continued as a touring member until his death in 1985.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Jones left the band less than a month prior to his death in 1969, having already been replaced by Mick Taylor, who remained until 1974.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ After Taylor left the band, Ronnie Wood took his place in 1975 and has been on guitar in tandem with Richards ever since.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Following Wyman's departure in 1993, Darryl Jones joined as their touring bassist.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ Touring keyboardists for the band have been Nicky Hopkins (1967–1982), Ian McLagan (1978–1981), Billy Preston (through the mid-1970s) and Chuck Leavell (1982–present).", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The band was first led by Brian Jones, but after developing into the band's songwriters, Jagger and Richards assumed leadership while Jones dealt with legal and personal troubles.", "The Rolling Stones __knowledge__ The Rolling Stones were at the forefront of the British Invasion of bands that became popular in the United States in 1964, and identified with the youthful and rebellious counterculture of the 1960s.", "Charlie Watts __knowledge__ Charles Robert Watts (born 2 June 1941) is an English drummer, best known as a member of the Rolling Stones.", "Charlie Watts __knowledge__ Originally trained as a graphic artist, he started playing drums in London’s rhythm and blues clubs, where he met Brian Jones, Mick Jagger, and Keith Richards.", "Charlie Watts __knowledge__ In 1963, he joined their group, the Rolling Stones, as drummer, while doubling as designer of their record sleeves and tour stages.", "Charlie Watts __knowledge__ He has also toured with his own group, the Charlie Watts Quintet, and appeared at London’s prestigious Ronnie Scott's Jazz Club with the Charlie Watts Tentet.", "Charlie Watts __knowledge__ In 2006, Watts was elected into the \"Modern Drummer\" Hall of Fame; in the same year, \"Vanity Fair\" elected him into the International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame.", "Brian Jones __knowledge__ Lewis Brian Hopkin Jones (28 February 1942 – 3 July 1969) was an English musician, best known as founder and the original leader of the Rolling Stones.", "Brian Jones __knowledge__ Initially a slide guitarist, Jones would go on to play a wide variety of instruments on Rolling Stones recordings and in concerts, such as rhythm and lead guitar, various keyboard instruments such as piano and organ, marimba, harmonica, sitar, wind instruments such as recorder, saxophone, oboe, and numerous others.", "Brian Jones __knowledge__ Jones and fellow guitarist Keith Richards developed a unique style of guitar play that Richards refers to as the \"ancient art of weaving\" where both players would play both rhythm and lead parts together; Richards would carry the style on with later Stones guitarists and the sound would become a Rolling Stones trademark.", "Spider-Man: Homecoming __knowledge__ Spider-Man: Homecoming is a 2017 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man, co-produced by Columbia Pictures and Marvel Studios, and distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing.", "Spider-Man: Homecoming __knowledge__ It is the second Spider-Man film reboot and the sixteenth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU).", "Spider-Man: Homecoming __knowledge__ The film is directed by Jon Watts, from a screenplay by the writing teams of Jonathan Goldstein and John Francis Daley, Watts and Christopher Ford, and Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers.", "Spider-Man: Homecoming __knowledge__ Tom Holland stars as Spider-Man, alongside Michael Keaton, Jon Favreau, Zendaya, Donald Glover, Tyne Daly, Marisa Tomei, and Robert Downey Jr.", "Alan Watts __knowledge__ Alan Wilson Watts (6 January 1915 – 16 November 1973) was a British philosopher, writer, and speaker, best known as an interpreter and populariser of Eastern philosophy for a Western audience.", "Alan Watts __knowledge__ Born in Chislehurst, England, he moved to the United States in 1938 and began Zen training in New York.", "Alan Watts __knowledge__ Pursuing a career, he attended Seabury-Western Theological Seminary, where he received a master's degree in theology.", "Alan Watts __knowledge__ Watts became an Episcopal priest in 1945, then left the ministry in 1950 and moved to California, where he joined the faculty of the American Academy of Asian Studies.", "Alan Watts __knowledge__ Watts gained a large following in the San Francisco Bay Area while working as a volunteer programmer at KPFA, a Pacifica Radio station in Berkeley.", "Naomi Watts __knowledge__ Naomi Ellen Watts (born 28 September 1968) is an English actress and film producer.", "Naomi Watts __knowledge__ She made her screen debut in the Australian drama film \"For Love Alone\" (1986) and then appeared in the Australian television series' \"Hey Dad..!\"", "Naomi Watts __knowledge__ (1990), \"Brides of Christ\" (1991), \"Home and Away\" (1991) and the coming-of-age comedy-drama film \"Flirting\" (1991).", "Naomi Watts __knowledge__ After moving to America, Watts appeared in films, including \"Tank Girl\" (1995), \"\" (1996) and \"Dangerous Beauty\" (1998) and had the lead role in the television series \"Sleepwalkers\" (1997–1998).", "Naomi Watts __knowledge__ After years as a struggling actress, Watts came to attention in David Lynch's psychological thriller \"Mulholland Drive\" (2001).", "Mulholland Drive (film) __knowledge__ Mulholland Drive (stylized as Mulholland Dr.) is a 2001 American neo-noir mystery film written and directed by David Lynch and starring Naomi Watts, Laura Harring, Justin Theroux, Ann Miller, and Robert Forster.", "Mulholland Drive (film) __knowledge__ It tells the story of an aspiring actress named Betty Elms (Watts), newly arrived in Los Angeles, who meets and befriends an amnesiac woman (Harring) hiding in an apartment which belongs to Betty's aunt.", "Mulholland Drive (film) __knowledge__ The story includes several other seemingly unrelated vignettes that eventually interlock, as well as some surreal and darkly comedic scenes and images that relate to the cryptic narrative.", "Trademark __knowledge__ A trademark, trade mark, or trade-mark is a recognizable sign, design, or expression which identifies products or services of a particular source from those of others, although trademarks used to identify services are usually called service marks.", "Trademark __knowledge__ The trademark owner can be an individual, business organization, or any legal entity.", "Trademark __knowledge__ A trademark may be located on a package, a label, a voucher, or on the product itself.", "Trademark __knowledge__ For the sake of corporate identity, trademarks are often displayed on company buildings.", "Trademark __knowledge__ A trademark identifies the brand owner of a particular product or service.", "Trademark __knowledge__ Trademarks can be licensed to others; for example, Bullyland obtained a license to produce Smurf figurines; the Lego Group purchased a license from Lucasfilm in order to be allowed to launch Lego Star Wars; TT Toys Toys is a manufacturer of licensed ride-on replica cars for children.", "Trademark distinctiveness __knowledge__ Trademark distinctiveness is an important concept in the law governing trademarks and service marks.", "Trademark distinctiveness __knowledge__ A trademark may be eligible for registration, or registrable, if it performs the essential trademark function, and has distinctive character.", "Trademark distinctiveness __knowledge__ Registrability can be understood as a continuum, with \"inherently distinctive\" marks at one end, \"generic\" and \"descriptive\" marks with no distinctive character at the other end, and \"suggestive\" and \"arbitrary\" marks lying between these two points.", "Trademark distinctiveness __knowledge__ \"Descriptive\" marks must acquire distinctiveness through secondary meaning - consumers have come to recognize the mark as a source indicator - to be protectable.", "Nottingham Arkwright Street railway station __knowledge__ Nottingham Arkwright Street was a railway station in Nottingham on the former Great Central Main Line which ran from Manchester Piccadilly to London Marylebone.", "Nottingham Arkwright Street railway station __knowledge__ The station opened with the line in 1899 and closed in 1963 as part of rationalisation; it reopened four years later upon the closure of Nottingham Victoria railway station, only to close in 1969.", "Nottingham Arkwright Street railway station __knowledge__ Nottingham Arkwright Street was built by the Great Central Railway and opened in 1899.", "Nottingham Arkwright Street railway station __knowledge__ It formed part of the long approach viaducts to the south of the city, running from Queen's Walk Yard to Thurland Street Tunnel.", "Nottingham Arkwright Street railway station __knowledge__ As a result of being atop the viaducts, it was one of only two examples of the original intermediate stations (together with Carrington) on the Great Central's London Extension not to be constructed to the favoured island platform design which facilitated future development.", "Nottingham Corporation Tramways __knowledge__ Nottingham Corporation Tramways was formed when Nottingham Corporation took over the Nottingham and District Tramways Company Limited, which had operated a horse and steam tram service from 1877.", "Nottingham Corporation Tramways __knowledge__ In the early part of the year a deputation from Nottingham Corporation visited the cable-operated tramway system at Edinburgh and the overhead electric systems at Bristol and Dover, with the result that on 28 March the Tramways Committee recommended to the City Council that the proposed electric tramways should be operated on the overhead electric system.", "Nottingham Corporation Tramways __knowledge__ At an estimated cost of £425,000 (), electric tramways were proposed as follows: Powers for these were granted in the Nottingham Corporation Act 1899.", "Terry-Thomas __knowledge__ Terry-Thomas (born Thomas Terry Hoar Stevens; 10 July 19118 January 1990) was an English comedian and character actor who became known to a worldwide audience through his many films during the 1950s and 1960s.", "Terry-Thomas __knowledge__ He often portrayed disreputable members of the upper classes, especially cads, toffs and bounders, using his distinctive voice; his costume and props tended to include a monocle, waistcoat and cigarette holder.", "Terry-Thomas __knowledge__ His striking dress sense was set off by a gap between his two upper front teeth.", "Terry-Thomas __knowledge__ Born in London, Terry-Thomas made his film debut, uncredited, in \"The Private Life of Henry VIII\" (1933).", "Sound trademark __knowledge__ A sound trademark is a trademark where sound is used to perform the trademark function of uniquely identifying the commercial origin of products or services.", "Sound trademark __knowledge__ In recent times, sounds have been increasingly used as trademarks in the marketplace.", "Sound trademark __knowledge__ However, it has traditionally been difficult to protect sounds as trademarks through registration, as a sound was not considered to be a 'trademark'.", "Sound trademark __knowledge__ This issue was addressed by the World Trade Organization Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, which broadened the legal definition of trademark to encompass \"any sign...capable of distinguishing the goods or services of one undertaking from those of other undertaking\" (article 15(1)).", "Trademarks Act, 2004 __knowledge__ The TRADEMARKS ACT, 2004 (The Act) is legislation enacted by the Third Parliament of the Fourth Republic of Ghana and signed into law by President John Agyekum Kufuor.", "Trademarks Act, 2004 __knowledge__ The Act regulates the process through which trademarks and collective marks are registered, the issuance of registered trademarks and how trademarks and collective marks are protected through the enforcement of the Act.", "Trademarks Act, 2004 __knowledge__ The rationale for enacting the Act is for the protection of the goodwill and reputation of the business of a proprietor.", "Trademarks Act, 2004 __knowledge__ The Act establishes the Trademark Registry(Registar) to which is mandated to register trademarks and issue registered trademarks.The Act has been amended by the Trademarks (Amendment) Act, 2014 (Act 876)(The Amendment) which came into force on 25 July 2014." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 12, 12 ]

[ "Yes. They are a great band! The formed in 1962 in London, England.", "I don't have a favorite song. The earliest line-up consisted of Brian Jones, Mick Jagger, Keith Richards, Bill Wyman, Charlie Watts, and Ian Stuart.", "It was his distinctive voice that is one of the trademarks of the band.", "He was originally trained as a graphic artist and he designed their albums, as well as being drummer." ]

[ "The Rolling Stones", "The Rolling Stones", "The Rolling Stones", "The Rolling Stones" ]

[ "Allergy\nI have an allergy to gluten. what about you....do you have any allergies?", "Yes, that is correct. My neice has so many different allergies that she has to have allergies shots twice a week to take care of the problem", "Yes, my sister has to carry around the epi pen in case my niece has a sever reaction to one of her allergies", "It definetly can be challenging at times" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Allergy __knowledge__ Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to something in the environment that usually causes little or no problem in most people.", "Allergy __knowledge__ These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Common allergens include pollen and certain food.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Metals and other substances may also cause problems.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Their development is due to both genetic and environmental factors.", "Allergy __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE), part of the body's immune system, binding to an allergen and then to a receptor on mast cells or basophils where it triggers the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically based on a person's medical history.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Further testing of the skin or blood may be useful in certain cases.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Positive tests, however, may not mean there is a significant allergy to the substance in question.", "Wheat allergy __knowledge__ Wheat allergy is an allergy which typically presents itself as a food allergy, but can also be a contact allergy resulting from occupational exposure to wheat.", "Wheat allergy __knowledge__ Like all allergies, wheat allergy involves immunoglobulin E and mast cell response.", "Wheat allergy __knowledge__ Typically the allergy is limited to the seed storage proteins of wheat, some reactions are restricted to wheat proteins, while others can react across many varieties of seeds and other plant tissues.", "Wheat allergy __knowledge__ Wheat allergy may be a misnomer since there are many allergenic components in wheat, for example serine protease inhibitors, glutelins and prolamins and different responses are often attributed to different proteins.", "Non-celiac gluten sensitivity __knowledge__ Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) or gluten sensitivity is defined as \"a clinical entity induced by the ingestion of gluten leading to intestinal and/or extraintestinal symptoms that improve once the gluten-containing foodstuff is removed from the diet, and celiac disease and wheat allergy have been excluded\".", "Non-celiac gluten sensitivity __knowledge__ NCGS is included in the spectrum of gluten-related disorders.", "Non-celiac gluten sensitivity __knowledge__ The definition and diagnostic criteria of non-celiac gluten sensitivity were debated and established by three consensus conferences.", "Non-celiac gluten sensitivity __knowledge__ The pathogenesis of NCGS is not yet well understood.", "Non-celiac gluten sensitivity __knowledge__ There is evidence that not only gliadin (main cytotoxic antigen of gluten), but also other proteins present in gluten and gluten-containing cereals (wheat, rye, barley, and their derivatives) may have a role in the development of symptoms.", "Gluten-free diet __knowledge__ A gluten-free diet (GFD) is a diet that strictly excludes gluten, a mixture of proteins found in wheat and related grains, including barley, rye, oat, and all their species and hybrids (such as spelt, kamut, and triticale).", "Gluten-free diet __knowledge__ The inclusion of oats in a gluten-free diet remains controversial, and may depend on the oat cultivar and the frequent cross-contamination with other gluten-containing cereals.", "Gluten-free diet __knowledge__ Gluten causes health problems for those with gluten-related disorders, including celiac disease (CD), non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), gluten ataxia, dermatitis herpetiformis (DH), and wheat allergy.", "Gluten-related disorders __knowledge__ Gluten-related disorders is the umbrella term for all diseases triggered by gluten.", "Gluten-related disorders __knowledge__ Gluten-related disorders include celiac disease (CD), non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), gluten ataxia, dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) and wheat allergy.", "Gluten-related disorders __knowledge__ \"Gluten intolerance\" and \"gluten sensitivity\" are sometimes used as synonyms for gluten-related disorders, though a multi-disciplinary physician-led study, based in part on the 2011 International Coeliac Disease Symposium, concluded that the use of these terms should be avoided due to a lack of specificity.", "Gluten-related disorders __knowledge__ Gluten, named from the Latin \"gluten\" meaning \"glue\", is a substance that gives elasticity to dough helping it to rise and to keep its shape.", "Gluten __knowledge__ Gluten (from Latin \"gluten\", \"glue\") is a composite of storage proteins termed prolamins and glutelins and stored together with starch in the endosperm (which nourishes the embryonic plant during germination) of various cereal (grass) grains.", "Gluten __knowledge__ It is found in wheat, barley, rye, oat, related species and hybrids (such as spelt, khorasan, emmer, einkorn, triticale, kamut, etc.)", "Gluten __knowledge__ and products of these (such as malt).", "Gluten __knowledge__ Glutens, and most especially the Triticeae glutens, are appreciated for their viscoelastic properties.", "Gluten __knowledge__ It gives elasticity to dough, helping it rise and keep its shape and often gives the final product a chewy texture.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ A food allergy is an abnormal immune response to food.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The signs and symptoms may range from mild to severe.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ They may include itchiness, swelling of the tongue, vomiting, diarrhea, hives, trouble breathing, or low blood pressure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ This typically occurs within minutes to several hours of exposure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ When the symptoms are severe, it is known as anaphylaxis.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerance and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Common foods involved include cow's milk, peanuts, eggs, shellfish, fish, tree nuts, soy, wheat, rice, and fruit.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The common allergies vary depending on the country.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Risk factors include a family history of allergies, vitamin D deficiency, obesity, and high levels of cleanliness." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Allergy __knowledge__ Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to something in the environment that usually causes little or no problem in most people.", "Allergy __knowledge__ These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Common allergens include pollen and certain food.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Metals and other substances may also cause problems.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Their development is due to both genetic and environmental factors.", "Allergy __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE), part of the body's immune system, binding to an allergen and then to a receptor on mast cells or basophils where it triggers the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically based on a person's medical history.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Further testing of the skin or blood may be useful in certain cases.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Positive tests, however, may not mean there is a significant allergy to the substance in question.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ A food allergy is an abnormal immune response to food.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The signs and symptoms may range from mild to severe.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ They may include itchiness, swelling of the tongue, vomiting, diarrhea, hives, trouble breathing, or low blood pressure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ This typically occurs within minutes to several hours of exposure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ When the symptoms are severe, it is known as anaphylaxis.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerance and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Common foods involved include cow's milk, peanuts, eggs, shellfish, fish, tree nuts, soy, wheat, rice, and fruit.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The common allergies vary depending on the country.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Risk factors include a family history of allergies, vitamin D deficiency, obesity, and high levels of cleanliness.", "Allergen __knowledge__ An allergen is a type of antigen that produces an abnormally vigorous immune response in which the immune system fights off a perceived threat that would otherwise be harmless to the body.", "Allergen __knowledge__ Such reactions are called allergies.", "Allergen __knowledge__ In technical terms, an allergen is an antigen capable of stimulating a type-I hypersensitivity reaction in atopic individuals through Immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses.", "Allergen __knowledge__ Most humans mount significant Immunoglobulin E responses only as a defense against parasitic infections.", "Allergen __knowledge__ However, some individuals may respond to many common environmental antigens.", "Allergen __knowledge__ This hereditary predisposition is called atopy.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ There is a wide variety of allergies that dogs can suffer from.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ While they typically become visible through skin conditions, there are a number of other symptoms and warning signs to look for.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ Dog allergies can happen just like in their human companions.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ These allergies usually manifest themselves as skin conditions.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ What this will do is provoke the immune system of the dog to overreact in the form of a number of different symptoms, most notably a skin irritation.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ Unfortunately, allergies are becoming more common every day just as they are with humans.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ Skin irritation from allergies is fairly easy to identify.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Peanut allergy is a type of food allergy to peanuts.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is different from nut allergies.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Physical symptoms of allergic reaction can include itchiness, urticaria, swelling, eczema, sneezing, asthma, abdominal pain, drop in blood pressure, diarrhea, and cardiac arrest.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Anaphylaxis may occur.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is due to a type I hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system in susceptible individuals.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ The allergy is recognized \"as one of the most severe food allergies due to its prevalence, persistency, and potential severity of allergic reaction.\"", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Prevention may be partly achieved through early introduction of peanuts to the diets of pregnant women and babies.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Milk allergy is an adverse immune reaction to one or more of the protein constituents of cow's milk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms can be rapid or gradual in onset.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The former may include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with epinephrine.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The latter can take hours to days to appear.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Presentations may include atopic dermatitis, inflammation of the esophagus, enteropathy involving the small intestine and proctocolitis involving the rectum and colon.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Management is by avoiding eating any food that contains dairy.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Exposure to low levels of milk proteins is a health risk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ In people with IgE-mediated food allergy the individual threshold dose capable of provoking an allergic reaction can vary widely, but is in a low milligram range.", "Wheat allergy __knowledge__ Wheat allergy is an allergy which typically presents itself as a food allergy, but can also be a contact allergy resulting from occupational exposure to wheat.", "Wheat allergy __knowledge__ Like all allergies, wheat allergy involves immunoglobulin E and mast cell response.", "Wheat allergy __knowledge__ Typically the allergy is limited to the seed storage proteins of wheat, some reactions are restricted to wheat proteins, while others can react across many varieties of seeds and other plant tissues.", "Wheat allergy __knowledge__ Wheat allergy may be a misnomer since there are many allergenic components in wheat, for example serine protease inhibitors, glutelins and prolamins and different responses are often attributed to different proteins.", "Immune system __knowledge__ The immune system is a host defense system comprising many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "Immune system __knowledge__ To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue.", "Immune system __knowledge__ In many species, the immune system can be classified into subsystems, such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity.", "Immune system __knowledge__ In humans, the blood–brain barrier, blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier, and similar fluid–brain barriers separate the peripheral immune system from the neuroimmune system, which protects the brain.", "Hygiene hypothesis __knowledge__ In medicine, the hygiene hypothesis is a hypothesis that states a lack of early childhood exposure to infectious agents, symbiotic microorganisms (such as the gut flora or probiotics), and parasites increases susceptibility to allergic diseases by suppressing the natural development of the immune system.", "Hygiene hypothesis __knowledge__ In particular, the lack of exposure is thought to lead to defects in the establishment of immune tolerance.", "Hygiene hypothesis __knowledge__ The hygiene hypothesis has also been called the \"biome depletion theory\" and the \"lost friends theory\".", "Hygiene hypothesis __knowledge__ The original formulation of the hygiene hypothesis dates from 1989 when David Strachan proposed that lower incidence of infection in early childhood could be an explanation for the rapid 20th century rise in allergic diseases such as asthma and hay fever.", "Adaptive immune system __knowledge__ The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune system or, more rarely, as the specific immune system, is a subsystem of the overall immune system that is composed of highly specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate pathogens or prevent their growth.", "Adaptive immune system __knowledge__ The adaptive immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies found in vertebrates (the other being the innate immune system).", "Adaptive immune system __knowledge__ Adaptive immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, and leads to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that pathogen.", "Adaptive immune system __knowledge__ This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination.", "Immunology __knowledge__ Immunology is a branch of biology that covers the study of immune systems in all organisms.", "Immunology __knowledge__ The Russian biologist Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov advanced studies on immunology and received the Nobel Prize for his work in 1908.", "Immunology __knowledge__ He pinned small thorns into starfish larvae and noticed unusual cells surrounding the thorns.", "Immunology __knowledge__ This was the active response of the body trying to maintain its integrity.", "Immunology __knowledge__ It was Mechnikov who first observed the phenomenon of phagocytosis, in which the body defends itself against a foreign body, and coined the term.", "Immunology __knowledge__ Immunology charts, measures, and contextualizes the: physiological functioning of the immune system in states of both health and diseases; malfunctions of the immune system in immunological disorders (such as autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivities, immune deficiency, and transplant rejection); the physical, chemical and physiological characteristics of the components of the immune system \"in vitro\", \"in situ,\" and \"in vivo\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Allergy __knowledge__ Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to something in the environment that usually causes little or no problem in most people.", "Allergy __knowledge__ These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Common allergens include pollen and certain food.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Metals and other substances may also cause problems.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Their development is due to both genetic and environmental factors.", "Allergy __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE), part of the body's immune system, binding to an allergen and then to a receptor on mast cells or basophils where it triggers the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically based on a person's medical history.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Further testing of the skin or blood may be useful in certain cases.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Positive tests, however, may not mean there is a significant allergy to the substance in question.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ A food allergy is an abnormal immune response to food.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The signs and symptoms may range from mild to severe.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ They may include itchiness, swelling of the tongue, vomiting, diarrhea, hives, trouble breathing, or low blood pressure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ This typically occurs within minutes to several hours of exposure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ When the symptoms are severe, it is known as anaphylaxis.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerance and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Common foods involved include cow's milk, peanuts, eggs, shellfish, fish, tree nuts, soy, wheat, rice, and fruit.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The common allergies vary depending on the country.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Risk factors include a family history of allergies, vitamin D deficiency, obesity, and high levels of cleanliness.", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the ITV science fiction television series \"Primeval\", including supporting characters.", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ The series originally features a cast of five main characters plus supporting cast who investigate time anomalies for the British government.", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ The series 1 cast is made up of Douglas Henshall as Professor Nick Cutter, James Murray as Stephen Hart, Andrew-Lee Potts as Connor Temple, Lucy Brown as Claudia Brown and Hannah Spearritt as Abby Maitland, with Juliet Aubrey as Helen Cutter, Ben Miller as James Lester and Mark Wakeling as Captain Tom Ryan.", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ In the final episode of Series 1, Captain Tom Ryan is killed off, and Claudia Brown disappears.", "Lipoxin __knowledge__ Lipoxins (LXs or Lxs), an acronym for lipoxygenase interaction products, are bioactive autacoid metabolites of arachidonic acid made by various cell types.", "Lipoxin __knowledge__ They are categorized as nonclassic eicosanoids and members of the specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) family of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolites.", "Lipoxin __knowledge__ Like other SPMs, LXs form during, and then act to resolve, inflammatory responses.", "Lipoxin __knowledge__ Initially, two lipoxins were identified, lipoxin A (LXA) and LXB, but more recent studies have identified epimers of these two LXs viz., the epi-lipoxins, 15-epi-LXA and 15-epi-LXB, respectively.", "Lipoxin __knowledge__ LXA and LXB were first described by Serhan, Hamberg, and the Nobel laurate Samuelsson in 1984.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Peanut allergy is a type of food allergy to peanuts.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is different from nut allergies.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Physical symptoms of allergic reaction can include itchiness, urticaria, swelling, eczema, sneezing, asthma, abdominal pain, drop in blood pressure, diarrhea, and cardiac arrest.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Anaphylaxis may occur.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is due to a type I hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system in susceptible individuals.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ The allergy is recognized \"as one of the most severe food allergies due to its prevalence, persistency, and potential severity of allergic reaction.\"", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Prevention may be partly achieved through early introduction of peanuts to the diets of pregnant women and babies.", "Allergen __knowledge__ An allergen is a type of antigen that produces an abnormally vigorous immune response in which the immune system fights off a perceived threat that would otherwise be harmless to the body.", "Allergen __knowledge__ Such reactions are called allergies.", "Allergen __knowledge__ In technical terms, an allergen is an antigen capable of stimulating a type-I hypersensitivity reaction in atopic individuals through Immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses.", "Allergen __knowledge__ Most humans mount significant Immunoglobulin E responses only as a defense against parasitic infections.", "Allergen __knowledge__ However, some individuals may respond to many common environmental antigens.", "Allergen __knowledge__ This hereditary predisposition is called atopy.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ Epi Info is statistical software for epidemiology developed by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia (US) and licensed as public domain.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ Epi Info has been in existence for over 20 years and is currently available for Microsoft Windows.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ The program allows for electronic survey creation, data entry, and analysis.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ Within the analysis module, analytic routines include t-tests, ANOVA, nonparametric statistics, cross tabulations and stratification with estimates of odds ratios, risk ratios, and risk differences, logistic regression (conditional and unconditional), survival analysis (Kaplan Meier and Cox proportional hazard), and analysis of complex survey data.", "Omalizumab __knowledge__ Omalizumab, sold under the trade name Xolair, is a medication originally designed to reduce sensitivity to allergens.", "Omalizumab __knowledge__ It has been used to try to control severe allergic asthma, which does not respond to high doses of corticosteroids.", "Omalizumab __knowledge__ It has been approved for treating people 12 years and older with severe or moderate to severe allergic asthma in more than 90 countries, since its first of such approval in 2002 in Australia.", "Omalizumab __knowledge__ Omalizumab was approved in March 2014 in the European Union and the U.S.A. and in about 10 other countries for treating patients 12 years and above with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) (also referred to as chronic idiopathic urticaria or CIU), which cannot be treated with H1-antihistamines.", "Allergen immunotherapy __knowledge__ Allergen immunotherapy, also known as desensitization or hypo-sensitization, is a medical treatment for some types of allergies.", "Allergen immunotherapy __knowledge__ It is useful for environmental allergies, allergies to insect bites, and asthma.", "Allergen immunotherapy __knowledge__ Its benefit for food allergies is unclear and thus not recommended.", "Allergen immunotherapy __knowledge__ Immunotherapy involves exposing people to larger and larger amounts of allergen in an attempt to change the immune system's response.", "Allergen immunotherapy __knowledge__ Meta-analyses have found that injections of allergens under the skin are effective in the treatment in allergic rhinitis in children and in asthma.", "Allergen immunotherapy __knowledge__ The benefits may last for years after treatment is stopped.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ Egg allergy is an immune hypersensitivity to proteins found in chicken eggs, and possibly goose, duck, or turkey eggs.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms can be either rapid or gradual in onset.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ The latter can take hours to days to appear.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ The former may include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with epinephrine.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ Other presentations may include atopic dermatitis or inflammation of the esophagus.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ In the United States, 90% of allergic responses to foods are caused by cow's milk, eggs, wheat, shellfish, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, and soy beans.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ The Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act (FALCPA) of 2004 requires that the label of a food that contains an ingredient that is or contains protein from these eight major food allergens declare the presence of the allergen in the manner described by the law.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Milk allergy is an adverse immune reaction to one or more of the protein constituents of cow's milk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms can be rapid or gradual in onset.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The former may include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with epinephrine.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The latter can take hours to days to appear.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Presentations may include atopic dermatitis, inflammation of the esophagus, enteropathy involving the small intestine and proctocolitis involving the rectum and colon.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Management is by avoiding eating any food that contains dairy.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Exposure to low levels of milk proteins is a health risk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ In people with IgE-mediated food allergy the individual threshold dose capable of provoking an allergic reaction can vary widely, but is in a low milligram range." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Allergy __knowledge__ Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to something in the environment that usually causes little or no problem in most people.", "Allergy __knowledge__ These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Common allergens include pollen and certain food.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Metals and other substances may also cause problems.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Their development is due to both genetic and environmental factors.", "Allergy __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE), part of the body's immune system, binding to an allergen and then to a receptor on mast cells or basophils where it triggers the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically based on a person's medical history.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Further testing of the skin or blood may be useful in certain cases.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Positive tests, however, may not mean there is a significant allergy to the substance in question.", "Shot on goal (ice hockey) __knowledge__ In ice hockey, a shot on goal is a shot that directs the puck towards the net and either goes into the net for a goal or is stopped by the goaltender for a save.", "Shot on goal (ice hockey) __knowledge__ A shot that is deflected wide or blocked by an opponent does not count as a shot on goal, rather it is recorded as a blocked shot.", "Shot on goal (ice hockey) __knowledge__ The player who blocks the shot is credited with a 'blocked shot', and the player who shoots the puck is credited with an 'attempt blocked'.", "Shot on goal (ice hockey) __knowledge__ Shots that sail wide or high of the net and shots that hit the goalpost or crossbar are not counted as shots on goal, rather they are counted as 'missed shots'.", "Shot on goal (ice hockey) __knowledge__ Additionally, if a goaltender stops a puck that is going wide or high anyway, it is recorded as a 'missed shot'.", "Special routes of U.S. Route 20 __knowledge__ Several special routes of U.S. Route 20 exist.", "Special routes of U.S. Route 20 __knowledge__ In order from west to east they are as follows.", "Special routes of U.S. Route 20 __knowledge__ In Toledo, Oregon, U.S. Route 20 Business runs from an intersection with the main highway west of Toledo on the Toledo Frontage Road and 5th Street through Toledo and again on the Toledo Frontage Road to an intersection with the main highway east of Toledo.", "Special routes of U.S. Route 20 __knowledge__ Business 20 in Toledo is also called Sharon Branstiter Memorial Drive, in memory of Toledo's former mayor.", "Special routes of U.S. Route 20 __knowledge__ In Bend, Oregon, U.S. Route 20 Business runs from an intersection with the main highway north of Bend, south on East 1st Street, Deschutes Place, and Wall Street to Newport Avenue, concurrent with U.S. 97 Business, and then east on Newport Avenue and Greenwood Avenue to the main highway concurrent with East 3rd Avenue in Bend.", "Challenging behaviour __knowledge__ Challenging behaviour also known as behaviours which challenge, is defined as \"culturally abnormal behaviour(s) of such intensity, frequency or duration that the physical safety of the person or others is placed in serious jeopardy, or behaviour which is likely to seriously limit or deny access to the use of ordinary community facilities\".", "Challenging behaviour __knowledge__ \"Ordinarily we would expect the person to have shown the pattern of behaviour that presents such a challenge to services for a considerable period of time.", "Challenging behaviour __knowledge__ Severely challenging behaviour is not a transient phenomenon.\"", "Challenging behaviour __knowledge__ Challenging behaviour is most often, though not exclusively exhibited by individuals with learning developmental disabilities, individuals with dementia or other mental health needs, such as strokes or acquired brain injuries, individuals with psychosis and by children, although such behaviours can be displayed by any person.", "Challenging Heights __knowledge__ Challenging heights is a non-governmental organization in Ghana protecting the rights of children and focusing their anti-trafficking efforts in the fishing and cocoa industry.", "Challenging Heights __knowledge__ According to Challenging Heights, over 24,000 children in Ghana fall victim to the worst forms of child labour annually.", "Challenging Heights __knowledge__ Challenging Heights protects and empowers the lives of young people and communities affected by child trafficking and exploitation.", "Challenging Heights __knowledge__ Their mission encompasses a coordinated network of child-centered programs targeting areas where children are often sold, while driving rescue, rehabilitation, education, and prevention efforts.", "Developmental disability __knowledge__ Developmental disability is a diverse group of chronic conditions that are due to mental or physical impairments.", "Developmental disability __knowledge__ Developmental disabilities cause individuals living with them many difficulties in certain areas of life, especially in \"language, mobility, learning, self-help, and independent living\".", "Developmental disability __knowledge__ Developmental disabilities can be detected early on, and do persist throughout an individual's lifespan.", "Developmental disability __knowledge__ Developmental disability that affects all areas of a child's development is sometimes referred to as global developmental delay.", "Developmental disability __knowledge__ Most common developmental disabilities: The causes of developmental disabilities are varied and remain unknown in a large proportion of cases.", "A.J. Styles __knowledge__ Allen Neal Jones (born June 2, 1977), best known by the ring name AJ Styles (also stylized as A.J.", "A.J. Styles __knowledge__ Styles), is an American professional wrestler who is signed to WWE, where he performs on the SmackDown brand and is the current WWE Champion in his second reign.", "A.J. Styles __knowledge__ Long regarded as one of the world's best professional wrestlers, Styles has headlined numerous pay-per-view events internationally.", "A.J. Styles __knowledge__ Styles debuted in 1998 and competed for various independent promotions, before gaining his first mainstream exposure in World Championship Wrestling (WCW) in 2001.", "A.J. Styles __knowledge__ He became widely known for his tenure in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) from 2002–2013, where he was dubbed \"Mr. TNA\".", "America's Cup __knowledge__ The America's Cup, affectionately known as the \"Auld Mug\", is a trophy awarded to the winner of the America's Cup match races between two sailing yachts.", "America's Cup __knowledge__ One yacht, known as the defender, represents the yacht club that currently holds the America's Cup and the second yacht, known as the challenger, represents the yacht club that is challenging for the cup.", "America's Cup __knowledge__ The timing of each match is determined by an agreement between the defender and the challenger.", "America's Cup __knowledge__ The America's Cup is the oldest international sporting trophy.", "America's Cup __knowledge__ It will next be raced for in the southern summer, in the early part of 2021.", "America's Cup __knowledge__ The cup was originally awarded in 1851 by the Royal Yacht Squadron for a race around the Isle of Wight in England, which was won by the schooner \"America\".", "List of Kamen Rider: Dragon Knight characters __knowledge__ The characters of \"\" are very varied.", "List of Kamen Rider: Dragon Knight characters __knowledge__ They include the inhabitants of the Earth, the monstrous inhabitants of the alternate dimension Ventara, and the Kamen Riders who can exist in both.", "List of Kamen Rider: Dragon Knight characters __knowledge__ Created by the \"Advent Master\" Eubulon, the original 12 Kamen Riders were the chosen defenders of the \"mirror world\" known as Ventara.", "List of Kamen Rider: Dragon Knight characters __knowledge__ With the exception of Wing Knight (and later Siren), they were all implied to have been vented in battle with Xaviax when one of their own (the original Dragon Knight, Adam) betrayed them and their Advent Decks were stolen.", "List of Kamen Rider: Dragon Knight characters __knowledge__ Since the Decks were designed to work with only one person, each Deck only functions again when given to humans on Earth that are \"mirror twins\" of their Ventaran counterparts, with matching DNA or when Eubulon reassigns the deck.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ I Love Money is a reality television game show that aired on VH1.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The show was created by \"The Surreal Life\" executive producers Cris Abrego and Mark Cronin.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The contestants on this series are from the first two seasons of \"Flavor of Love, I Love New York\" and \"Rock of Love\", and are competing in physical and mental challenges in an attempt to win $250,000.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ Production started in early February 2008, and concluded in March 2008.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The show premiered on July 6, 2008 and the casting special aired on July 1.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The show is hosted by Craig J. Jackson.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The winner of the competition was Nicole Alexander, also known as Hoopz.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ This article contains a list of characters from the telenovela \"Rebelde\".", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ \"Rebelde\" features several different plotlines, many of which are put on hold for several episodes before they are resumed.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ Many of the minor characters often play central roles for a single episode before returning to the background.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ Mía Colucci Caceres is Franco Colucci's only daughter with his first wife, Marina Caceres.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ The most popular girl at Elite Way School, she comes from a wealthy and privileged family who lives in Mexico City.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ Spoiled and self-centered, she however can be very loyal, attentive and tender towards those she loves.", "Pollen __knowledge__ Pollen is a fine to coarse powdery substance comprising pollen grains which are male microgametophytes of seed plants, which produce male gametes (sperm cells).", "Pollen __knowledge__ Pollen grains have a hard coat made of sporopollenin that protects the gametophytes during the process of their movement from the stamens to the pistil of flowering plants, or from the male cone to the female cone of coniferous plants.", "Pollen __knowledge__ If pollen lands on a compatible pistil or female cone, it germinates, producing a pollen tube that transfers the sperm to the ovule containing the female gametophyte.", "Pollen __knowledge__ Individual pollen grains are small enough to require magnification to see detail.", "Marco Allen Chapman __knowledge__ Marco Allen Chapman (September 4, 1971 – November 21, 2008) was the most recent person executed by the Commonwealth of Kentucky.", "Marco Allen Chapman __knowledge__ Thirty-seven-year-old Marco Allen Chapman was executed on November 21, 2008 at 8:34 p.m. EST on a Friday by lethal injection in a special chamber at the Kentucky State Penitentiary in Eddyville, Kentucky.", "Marco Allen Chapman __knowledge__ Chapman was executed for his cowardly rampage he committed on August 23, 2002 in Warsaw, Kentucky on Weldon Way, where he murdered two children, Chelbi Sharon, 7, and Cody Sharon, 6, by knife wounds, after he had raped and stabbed their mother, Carolyn Marksberry, the city clerk of Warsaw at the time, over 15 times.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ This story forms the basis for the traditional Navajo way of life.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ The basic outline of begins with the (Holy Wind) being created, the mists of lights which arose through the darkness to animate and bring purpose to the four (Holy People), supernatural and sacred in the different three lower worlds.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ All these things were spiritually created in the time before the Earth existed and the physical aspect of humans did not exist yet, but the spiritual did.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ The First or Dark World, , was small and centered on an island floating in the middle of four seas.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ The inhabitants of the first world were the four , the two Coyotes, the four rulers of the four seas, mist beings and various insect and bat people, the latter being the Air-Spirit People.", "Claire Bennet __knowledge__ Claire Bennet is a fictional character in the NBC psychological thriller science fiction drama series \"Heroes\".", "Claire Bennet __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Hayden Panettiere and first appeared on television in the pilot episode of the series, \"Genesis\" on September 25, 2006.", "Claire Bennet __knowledge__ She is a high school cheerleader with the power of rapid cellular regeneration.", "Claire Bennet __knowledge__ Claire appears in more episodes than any other character (72, plus a 73rd through stock footage).", "Claire Bennet __knowledge__ Killed in an explosion in Odessa where she gave birth to Malina and Nathan which he was named after his biological grandfather and had a husband named \"Hammer\" who left her." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5, 8 ]

[ "Allergies are actually a diseas. Many people have that hypersensitiviy of the immune system to something in the environment.", "I am lucky not to have one, knock on wood. I know they include food allergies, hay fever, dermatitis, allergic asthma and anaphylaxis.", "I am truly sorry, i feel bad for everyone with pollen or food alergies.", "Allergies can be developed at any time in life so i could still get one before i die." ]

[ "Allergy", "Allergy", "Allergy", "Allergy" ]

[ "Classical music", "I like it too. But i am wondering where it originated from", "Have the classic music ever evolved in the contemporary period? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Classical music __knowledge__ Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western culture, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ While a more precise term is also used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820 (the Classical period), this article is about the broad span of time from before the 6th century AD to the present day, which includes the Classical period and various other periods.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common-practice period.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The major time divisions of Western art music are as follows: European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European classical and some popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 11th century.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Western staff notation is used by composers to indicate to the performer the pitches (which form the melodies, basslines and chords), tempo, metre and rhythms for a piece of music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ This can leave less room for practices such as improvisation and \"ad libitum\" ornamentation, which are frequently heard in non-European art music and in popular-music styles such as jazz and blues.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Another difference is that whereas most popular styles adopt the song (strophic) form or a derivation of this form, classical music has been noted for its development of highly sophisticated forms of instrumental music such as the symphony, concerto, fugue, sonata, and mixed vocal and instrumental styles such as opera, cantata, and mass." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Classical music __knowledge__ Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western culture, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ While a more precise term is also used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820 (the Classical period), this article is about the broad span of time from before the 6th century AD to the present day, which includes the Classical period and various other periods.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common-practice period.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The major time divisions of Western art music are as follows: European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European classical and some popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 11th century.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Western staff notation is used by composers to indicate to the performer the pitches (which form the melodies, basslines and chords), tempo, metre and rhythms for a piece of music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ This can leave less room for practices such as improvisation and \"ad libitum\" ornamentation, which are frequently heard in non-European art music and in popular-music styles such as jazz and blues.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Another difference is that whereas most popular styles adopt the song (strophic) form or a derivation of this form, classical music has been noted for its development of highly sophisticated forms of instrumental music such as the symphony, concerto, fugue, sonata, and mixed vocal and instrumental styles such as opera, cantata, and mass.", "'Allo 'Allo! (series 8) __knowledge__ The eighth series of the British sitcom series \"'Allo 'Allo!\"", "'Allo 'Allo! (series 8) __knowledge__ contains a Christmas special which aired on 24 December 1991, and seven episodes which first aired between 12 January and 1 March 1992.", "'Allo 'Allo! (series 8) __knowledge__ Series 8 marks a change in the series.", "'Allo 'Allo! (series 8) __knowledge__ Rather than continuing to tell the story from the end of the seventh series, the first episode picks up the story some two years later.", "'Allo 'Allo! (series 8) __knowledge__ This sees the departure of the two British airmen and Bertorelli from the series.", "'Allo 'Allo! (series 8) __knowledge__ John B. Hobbs became the producer for the show.", "'Allo 'Allo! (series 8) __knowledge__ In this series the letters in the initial credits were yellow instead of white like all earlier series.", "Crossroads Theatre __knowledge__ Crossroads Theatre is a theatre in New Brunswick, New Jersey located in the city's Civic Square government and theatre district.", "Crossroads Theatre __knowledge__ Founded in 1978, it is the winner of the 1999 Regional Theatre Tony Award.", "Crossroads Theatre __knowledge__ Crossroads Theatre Company is an African American theater.", "Crossroads Theatre __knowledge__ In 1978, a group of African American actors and leaders met with the Regional Director of the Comprehensive Employment & Training Administration, Ed Hardy, and Director of Management Development & Training, Susan Morris, to request funds for the establishment of a Black theater in New Brunswick, New Jersey.", "Crossroads Theatre __knowledge__ A grant was awarded to them under the CETA program, which enabled the artists to start up the theater in the old King Block building in the heart of New Brunswick, where it became an integral part of the Rutgers University-New Brunswick Tomorrow redevelopment and premier theater experience.", "One Life to Live characters (2000s) __knowledge__ A list of notable characters from the ABC soap opera, \"One Life to Live\", that began their run between the beginning of 2000 and the end of 2009.", "One Life to Live characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Kimberly \"Kim\" Andrews (formerly Buchanan; born Aubrey Wentworth) is a fictional character from the ABC Daytime soap opera \"One Life to Live\".", "One Life to Live characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Amanda Setton originated the role on August 14, 2009.", "One Life to Live characters (2000s) __knowledge__ In 2010 she chose not to renew her contract and last appeared on April 2.", "One Life to Live characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Setton reprised the role from August 22, 2011 until December 29, 2011.", "One Life to Live characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Kimberly Andrews is a Las Vegas exotic dancer who arrives in Llanview, Pennsylvania in August 2009 to help her best friend Stacy Morasco.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton served as the 67th United States Secretary of State, under President Barack Obama, from 2009 to 2013, overseeing the department that conducted the Foreign policy of Barack Obama.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ She was preceded in office by Condoleezza Rice, and succeeded by John Kerry.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ She is also the only former First Lady of the United States to become a member of the United States Cabinet.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Within a week after the November 4, 2008, presidential election, President-elect Obama and Clinton discussed over telephone the possibility of her serving as U.S. Secretary of State in his administration.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Clinton later related, \"He said I want you to be my secretary of state.", "Bruce Cockburn __knowledge__ Bruce Douglas Cockburn (; born May 27, 1945) is a Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist.", "Bruce Cockburn __knowledge__ His song styles range from folk to jazz-influenced rock and his lyrics cover a broad range of topics that reveal a passion for human rights, environmental issues, politics, and spirituality.", "Bruce Cockburn __knowledge__ Cockburn has written more than 300 songs on thirty albums over a career spanning 40 years.", "Bruce Cockburn __knowledge__ Twenty Cockburn records have received a Canadian gold or platinum certification as of 2013, and he has sold nearly one million albums in Canada alone.", "Bruce Cockburn __knowledge__ In 2014, Cockburn released his memoirs, \"Rumours of Glory: A Memoir\".", "Bruce Cockburn __knowledge__ No book-length biography of Cockburn has been written, but numerous critics have offered interpretations of Cockburn's songwriting phases, political views, and relationship with Christianity.", "Ruby Dee __knowledge__ Ruby Dee (October 27, 1922 – June 11, 2014) was an American actress, poet, playwright, screenwriter, journalist and civil rights activist.", "Ruby Dee __knowledge__ She is perhaps best known for originating the role of \"Ruth Younger\" in the stage and film versions of \"A Raisin in the Sun\" (1961).", "Ruby Dee __knowledge__ Her other notable film roles include \"The Jackie Robinson Story\" (1950), and \"Do the Right Thing\" (1989).", "Ruby Dee __knowledge__ For her performance as Mahalee Lucas in \"American Gangster\" (2007), she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and won the Screen Actors Guild Award for Female Actor in a Supporting Role.", "Ruby Dee __knowledge__ She was a Grammy, Emmy, Obie and Drama Desk winner.", "American Gangster (film) __knowledge__ American Gangster is a 2007 American biographical crime film directed and produced by Ridley Scott and written by Steven Zaillian.", "American Gangster (film) __knowledge__ The film is fictionally based on the criminal career of Frank Lucas, a gangster from La Grange, North Carolina who smuggled heroin into the United States on American service planes returning from the Vietnam War, before being detained by a task force led by detective Richie Roberts.", "American Gangster (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Russell Crowe and Denzel Washington in their first lead acting roles together since 1995's \"Virtuosity\".", "American Gangster (film) __knowledge__ The film also co-stars Ted Levine, John Ortiz, Josh Brolin, Chiwetel Ejiofor, Norman Reedus, Ruby Dee, Lymari Nadal and Cuba Gooding Jr. Development for the film initially began in 2000, when Universal Pictures and Imagine Entertainment purchased the rights to a \"New York\" magazine story about the rise and fall of Lucas.", "Western culture __knowledge__ Western culture, sometimes equated with Western civilization, Occidental culture, the Western world, Western society, European civilization, or Judeo-Greco-Christian civilization, is a term used very broadly to refer to a heritage of social norms, ethical values, traditional customs, belief systems, political systems and specific artifacts and technologies that have some origin or association with Europe.", "Western culture __knowledge__ The term also applies beyond Europe, to countries and cultures whose histories are strongly connected to Europe by immigration, colonization, or influence.", "Western culture __knowledge__ For example, \"Western Culture\" includes countries in the Americas and Australasia, whose language and demographic ethnicity majorities are European.", "Western canon __knowledge__ The Western canon is the body of books, music, and art that scholars generally accept as the most important and influential in shaping Western culture.", "Western canon __knowledge__ It includes works of fiction, non-fiction, poetry, drama, music, art, sculpture, and architecture generally perceived as being of major artistic merit and representing the high culture of Europe and North America.", "Western canon __knowledge__ University of California philosopher John Searle suggests that the Western canon can be roughly defined as \"a certain Western intellectual tradition that goes from, say, Socrates to Wittgenstein in philosophy, and from Homer to James Joyce in literature\".", "Women in music __knowledge__ Women in music describes the role of women as composers, songwriters, instrumental performers, singers, conductors, music scholars, music educators, music critics/music journalists and other musical professions.", "Women in music __knowledge__ As well, it describes music movements (e.g., women's music, which is music written and performed by women for women), events and genres related to women, women's issues and feminism.", "Women in music __knowledge__ In the 2010s, while women comprise a significant proportion of popular music and classical music singers, and a significant proportion of songwriters (many of them being singer-songwriters), there are few women record producers, rock critics and rock instrumentalists.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ Ethnomusicology is the study of music from the cultural and social aspects of the people who make it.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ It encompasses distinct theoretical and methodical approaches that emphasize cultural, social, material, cognitive, biological, and other dimensions or contexts of musical behavior, instead of only its isolated sound component.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ The term \"ethnomusicology\" is said to have been first coined by Jaap Kunst from the Greek words ἔθνος (\"ethnos\", \"nation\") and μουσική (\"mousike\", \"music\"), is often defined as the anthropology or ethnography of music, or as musical anthropology.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ During its early development from comparative musicology in the 1950s, ethnomusicology was primarily oriented toward non-Western music, but for several decades has included the study of all and any musics of the world (including Western art music and popular music) from anthropological, sociological and intercultural perspectives.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Culture of Italy __knowledge__ Italy is considered the birthplace of Western civilization and a cultural superpower.", "Culture of Italy __knowledge__ Italy has been the starting point of phenomena of international impact such as the Magna Graecia, the Roman Empire, the Roman Catholic Church, the Renaissance, the Risorgimento and the European integration.", "Culture of Italy __knowledge__ During its history, the nation gave birth to an enormous number of notable people.", "Culture of Italy __knowledge__ Both the internal and external faces of Western culture were born on the Italian peninsula, whether one looks at the history of the Christian faith, civil institutions (such as the Senate), philosophy, law, art, science, or social customs and culture." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Classical music __knowledge__ Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western culture, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ While a more precise term is also used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820 (the Classical period), this article is about the broad span of time from before the 6th century AD to the present day, which includes the Classical period and various other periods.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common-practice period.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The major time divisions of Western art music are as follows: European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European classical and some popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 11th century.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Western staff notation is used by composers to indicate to the performer the pitches (which form the melodies, basslines and chords), tempo, metre and rhythms for a piece of music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ This can leave less room for practices such as improvisation and \"ad libitum\" ornamentation, which are frequently heard in non-European art music and in popular-music styles such as jazz and blues.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Another difference is that whereas most popular styles adopt the song (strophic) form or a derivation of this form, classical music has been noted for its development of highly sophisticated forms of instrumental music such as the symphony, concerto, fugue, sonata, and mixed vocal and instrumental styles such as opera, cantata, and mass.", "Gravitic density meter __knowledge__ A Gravitic density meter is a type of density meter used in multiple industries to measure the density of a slurry flowing through a pipe line.", "Gravitic density meter __knowledge__ It consists of a flexible rubber hose that deflects when weight is flowing through the hose.", "Gravitic density meter __knowledge__ A displacement measurement device, usually a high precision laser or load cell, is used to measure how much change has occurred in the system.", "Gravitic density meter __knowledge__ By calculating the change of deflection of the hose, a gravitic density meter can be used to find the real time, continuous density.", "Gravitic density meter __knowledge__ Gravitic density meters do not measure the specific gravity directly.", "Gravitic density meter __knowledge__ The specific gravity is calculated after the density has been measured.", "George Robey __knowledge__ Sir George Edward Wade, CBE (20 September 1869 – 29 November 1954), known professionally as George Robey, was an English comedian, singer and actor in musical theatre, who became known as one of the greatest music hall performers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.", "George Robey __knowledge__ As a comedian, Robey mixed everyday situations and observations with comic absurdity.", "George Robey __knowledge__ Apart from his music hall acts, he was a popular Christmas pantomime performer in the English provinces, where he excelled in the dame roles.", "George Robey __knowledge__ He scored notable successes in musical revues during and after the First World War, particularly with the song \"If You Were the Only Girl (In the World)\", which he performed with Violet Loraine in the revue \"The Bing Boys Are Here\" (1916).", "Musical America __knowledge__ Musical America is the oldest American magazine on classical music, first appearing in 1898 in print and in 1999 online, at musicalamerica.com.", "Musical America __knowledge__ It is published by Performing Arts Resources, LLC, of East Windsor, New Jersey.", "Musical America __knowledge__ \"Musical America's\" first issue was on October 8, 1898.", "Musical America __knowledge__ Its founder was John Christian Freund (1848–1924), who with Milton Weil, also founded \"The Music Trades\" magazine in 1893.", "Musical America __knowledge__ Thirty-six issues appeared until June 24, 1899, covering music, drama, and the arts.", "Musical America __knowledge__ In 1899 the publication was discontinued for six years due to a lack of financial resources.", "Musical America __knowledge__ It reappeared as a weekly from November 18, 1905, until 1929, solely focusing on classical music.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ Titus Andronicus is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1588 and 1593, probably in collaboration with George Peele.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ It is thought to be Shakespeare's first tragedy, and is often seen as his attempt to emulate the violent and bloody revenge plays of his contemporaries, which were extremely popular with audiences throughout the 16th century.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ The play is set during the latter days of the Roman Empire and tells the fictional story of Titus, a general in the Roman army, who is engaged in a cycle of revenge with Tamora, Queen of the Goths.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ It is Shakespeare's bloodiest and most violent work, and traditionally was one of his least respected plays; although it was extremely popular in its day, by the later 17th century it had fallen out of favour.", "The Bing Boys Are Here __knowledge__ The Bing Boys Are Here, styled \"A Picture of London Life, in a Prologue and Six Panels,\" is the first of a series of revues which played at the Alhambra Theatre, London during the last two years of World War I.", "The Bing Boys Are Here __knowledge__ The series included \"The Bing Boys on Broadway\" and \"The Bing Girls are There\".", "The Bing Boys Are Here __knowledge__ The music for them was written by Nat D. Ayer with lyrics by Clifford Grey, who also contributed to \"Yes, Uncle!", "The Bing Boys Are Here __knowledge__ \", and the text was by George Grossmith, Jr. and Fred Thompson based on Rip and Bousquet's \"Le Fils Touffe\".", "The Bing Boys Are Here __knowledge__ Other material was contributed by Eustace Ponsonby, Philip Braham and Ivor Novello.", "The Bing Boys Are Here __knowledge__ \"The Bing Boys Are Here\" opened in 1916 in the West End and ran for 378 performances.", "MTV __knowledge__ MTV (originally an initialism of Music Television) is an American cable and satellite television channel owned by Viacom Media Networks (a division of Viacom) and headquartered in New York City.", "MTV __knowledge__ Launched on August 1, 1981, the channel originally aired music videos as guided by television personalities known as \"video jockeys\" (VJs).", "MTV __knowledge__ At first, MTV's main target demographic was young adults, but today it is primarily teenagers, particularly high school and college students.", "MTV __knowledge__ MTV has toned down its music video programming significantly in recent years, and its programming now consists mainly of original reality, comedy and drama programming and some off-network syndicated programs and films, with limited music video programming in off-peak time periods.", "High Fidelity (magazine) __knowledge__ High Fidelity was an American magazine that was published from April 1951 until July 1989 and was a source of information about high fidelity audio equipment, video equipment, audio recordings, and other aspects of the musical world, such as music history, biographies, and anecdotal stories by or about noted performers.", "High Fidelity (magazine) __knowledge__ Great Barrington, Massachusetts-based High Fidelity magazine was original founded as a quarterly publication in 1951 by audiophile Milton B. Sleeper.", "High Fidelity (magazine) __knowledge__ One of the first editors was Charles Fowler.", "High Fidelity (magazine) __knowledge__ Later, the publication became a monthly and Fowler became the publisher.", "High Fidelity (magazine) __knowledge__ In 1957, High Fidelity and its sister publication Audiocraft was obtain by Billboard Publications, Inc., when it purchased High Fidelity's parent company, Audiocom, Inc. from Audiocom's president and publisher Charles Fowler.", "Common practice period __knowledge__ In the history of European art music, the term common practice period refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system.", "Common practice period __knowledge__ Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical, Romantic and Impressionist periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900.", "Common practice period __knowledge__ While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution.", "Common practice period __knowledge__ Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled \"common practice\" (for example, Sonata Form).", "Religion in China __knowledge__ China has long been a cradle and host to a variety of the most enduring religio-philosophical traditions of the world.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ Confucianism and Taoism, later joined by Buddhism, constitute the \"three teachings\" that have shaped Chinese culture.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ There are no clear boundaries between these intertwined religious systems, which do not claim to be exclusive, and elements of each enrich popular or folk religion.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ The emperors of China claimed the Mandate of Heaven and participated in Chinese religious practices.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, reform-minded officials and intellectuals attacked all religions as \"superstitious\", and since 1949, China has been governed by the Communist Party of China, an atheist institution that prohibits party members from practising religion while in office.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Constitution __knowledge__ A constitution is a set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed.", "Constitution __knowledge__ These rules together make up, i.e.", "Constitution __knowledge__ \"constitute\", what the entity is.", "Constitution __knowledge__ When these principles are written down into a single document or set of legal documents, those documents may be said to embody a \"written\" constitution; if they are written down in a single comprehensive document, it is said to embody a \"codified\" constitution.", "Constitution __knowledge__ Some constitutions (such as the constitution of the United Kingdom) are uncodified, but written in numerous fundamental Acts of a legislature, court cases or treaties.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The music of the United States reflects the country's multi-ethnic population through a diverse array of styles.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ It is a mixture of music influenced by West African, Irish, Scottish and mainland European among others.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The country's most internationally renowned genres are jazz, blues, country, bluegrass, rock, rhythm and blues, soul, ragtime, hip hop, barbershop, pop, experimental, techno, house, dance, boogaloo, salsa, and rock and roll.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The United States has the world's largest music market with a total retail value of 4,898.3 million dollars in 2014, and its music is heard around the world.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ Since the beginning of the 20th century, some forms of American popular music have gained a near global audience.", "Chinese law __knowledge__ Chinese law is one of the oldest legal traditions in the world.", "Chinese law __knowledge__ In the 20th and 21st century, law in China inherits a large number of traditions.", "Chinese law __knowledge__ The core of modern Chinese law is based on Germanic-style civil law, socialist law, and traditional Chinese approaches.", "Chinese law __knowledge__ For most of the history of China, its legal system has been based on the Confucian philosophy of social control through moral education, as well as the Legalist emphasis on codified law and criminal sanction.", "Chinese law __knowledge__ Following the Revolution of 1911, the Republic of China adopted a largely Western-style legal code in the civil law tradition (specifically German-influenced)." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 46 ]

[ "Do you like classical music? It is music rooted in the Western culture.", "The norms of the tradition were codified between 1550 and 1900, also known as the common-practice period.", "Yes there has been considerable stylistic evolution into contemporaneous music. The conventions have adapted to modern norms." ]

[ "Classical music", "Classical music", "Classical music" ]

[ "Stamp collecting", "What collection do you mean? Do you collect something?", "Interestin, I remember I started collecting stamps once as a child, but only did for like a month. How many stamps do you have in your collection?", "I am not sure. Do you collect any particular kind of stamps?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is the collecting of postage stamps and related objects.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is related to philately which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It has been one of the world's most popular hobbies since the late nineteenth century with the rapid growth of the postal service.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting proved to be an almost perfect hobby for collectors because there was a never ending stream of new stamps as each country sought to advertise its distinctiveness through its stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is generally accepted as one of the areas that make up the wider subject of philately, which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ A philatelist may, but does not have to, collect stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is not uncommon for the term \"philatelist\" to be used to mean a stamp collector.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Many casual stamp collectors accumulate stamps for sheer enjoyment and relaxation without worrying about the tiny details.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ The creation of a large or comprehensive collection, however, generally requires some philatelic knowledge and will usually contain areas of philatelic studies.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Postage stamps are often collected for their historical value and geographical aspects and also for the many subjects depicted on them, ranging from ships, horses, and birds to kings, queens and presidents." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is the collecting of postage stamps and related objects.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is related to philately which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It has been one of the world's most popular hobbies since the late nineteenth century with the rapid growth of the postal service.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting proved to be an almost perfect hobby for collectors because there was a never ending stream of new stamps as each country sought to advertise its distinctiveness through its stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is generally accepted as one of the areas that make up the wider subject of philately, which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ A philatelist may, but does not have to, collect stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is not uncommon for the term \"philatelist\" to be used to mean a stamp collector.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Many casual stamp collectors accumulate stamps for sheer enjoyment and relaxation without worrying about the tiny details.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ The creation of a large or comprehensive collection, however, generally requires some philatelic knowledge and will usually contain areas of philatelic studies.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Postage stamps are often collected for their historical value and geographical aspects and also for the many subjects depicted on them, ranging from ships, horses, and birds to kings, queens and presidents.", "A.S.D. Olimpia Colligiana __knowledge__ Associazione Sportiva Dilettantistica Olimpia Colligiana is an Italian association football club based in Colle di Val d'Elsa, Tuscany.", "A.S.D. Olimpia Colligiana __knowledge__ It plays in the Serie D league.", "A.S.D. Olimpia Colligiana __knowledge__ The U.S. Colligiana club was founded 21 April 1922 with Remo Bocci as its first chairman.", "A.S.D. Olimpia Colligiana __knowledge__ Initially the club was also involved in other sports, such as gymnastics and cycling.", "A.S.D. Olimpia Colligiana __knowledge__ The club quickly rose through the Italian leagues, making the Third Division (fourth level of Italian football) in the 1926–27 season (finishing in second place under coach Frigerio) and 1927–28 season.", "A.S.D. Olimpia Colligiana __knowledge__ In the 1928–29 season U.S. Colligiana made it to the championship tournament in the Second Division (third level of Italian football), finishing fifth place in group G. U.S. Colligiana continued to play in the Second Division until the birth of the National Division Serie B, but was then downgraded to level IV and played only moderately well.", "Putham Pudhu Payanam __knowledge__ Putham Pudhu Payanam (English : Brand New Journey) is a 1991 Tamil language drama film directed by K. S. Ravikumar.", "Putham Pudhu Payanam __knowledge__ The film features Anand Babu, Vivek, Chinni Jayanth, Supergood Kannan and K. S. Ravikumar in lead roles.", "Putham Pudhu Payanam __knowledge__ The film, produced by R. B. Choudary, had musical score by Soundaryan and was released on 22 November 1991.", "Putham Pudhu Payanam __knowledge__ The film was remade in Telugu as \"Chiranjeevulu\" with Ravi Teja, Brahmaji, Sivaji and Shiju.", "Putham Pudhu Payanam __knowledge__ Vivek (Vivek), Narayanan (Chinni Jayanth) and Kannan (Supergood Kannan) are admitted in a hospital for treatment.", "Putham Pudhu Payanam __knowledge__ Babu (Anand Babu), son of a rich businessman, is also admitted in the same ward as them.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ Amazon tax collection policy has changed over the years.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ In the U.S., state and local sales taxes are levied by state and local governments, not at the federal level.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ In most countries where Amazon operates, a sales tax or value added tax is uniform throughout the country, and Amazon is obliged to collect it from all customers.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ Many U.S. states have passed online shopping sales tax laws designed to compel Amazon.com and other e-commerce retailers to collect state and local sales taxes from its customers.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ Amazon.com originally collected sales tax only from five states as of 2011, but as of April 2017 collects sales taxes from customers in all 45 states that have a state sales tax and in Washington, D.C. Alabama is the highest tax rate charged by Amazon, the Alabama tax rate is 8.45%.", "Paper Clips Project __knowledge__ The Paper Clips Project, by middle school students from the small southeastern Tennessee town of Whitwell, created a monument for the Holocaust victims of Nazi Germany.", "Paper Clips Project __knowledge__ It started in 1998 as a simple 8th-grade project to study other cultures, and then evolved into one gaining worldwide attention.", "Paper Clips Project __knowledge__ At last count, over 30 million paper clips had been received.", "Paper Clips Project __knowledge__ \"Paper Clips\", an award-winning documentary film about the project, was released in 2004 by Miramax Films.", "Paper Clips Project __knowledge__ In 1998, Linda M. Hooper, principal of Whitwell Middle School in Whitwell, Tennessee, asked Assistant Principal David Smith to find a voluntary after-school project to teach the children about tolerance.", "Ki Teitzei __knowledge__ Ki Teitzei, Ki Tetzei, Ki Tetse, Ki Thetze, Ki Tese, Ki Tetzey, or Ki Seitzei ( — Hebrew for \"when you go,\" the first words in the parashah) is the 49th weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the sixth in the Book of Deuteronomy.", "Ki Teitzei __knowledge__ It constitutes The parashah sets out a series of miscellaneous laws, mostly governing civil and domestic life, including ordinances regarding a beautiful captive of war, inheritance among the sons of two wives, a wayward son, the corpse of an executed person, found property, coming upon another in distress, rooftop safety, prohibited mixtures, sexual offenses, membership in the congregation, camp hygiene, runaway slaves, prostitution, usury, vows, gleaning, kidnapping, repossession, prompt payment of wages, vicarious liability, flogging, treatment of domestic animals, levirate marriage, weights and measures, and remembrance of the Amalekites.", "Marketplace Fairness Act __knowledge__ The Marketplace Fairness Act is proposed legislation pending in the United States Congress that would enable state governments to collect sales taxes and use taxes from remote retailers with no physical presence in their state.", "Marketplace Fairness Act __knowledge__ Identical versions were introduced into both the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate during the 113th United States Congress.", "Marketplace Fairness Act __knowledge__ During the previous, 112th Congress, a bill () was considered but expired without enactment.", "Marketplace Fairness Act __knowledge__ The current bill (the Marketplace Fairness Act of 2013) was introduced on February 14, 2013, in the House as and in the Senate as .", "TNT (Russian TV channel) __knowledge__ TNT (Means: Your New Television.", "TNT (Russian TV channel) __knowledge__ , or Television of new Millennium ()) is a Russian federal TV channel, considered to be one of the five most popular TV channels in Russia.", "TNT (Russian TV channel) __knowledge__ In the beginning of 2012, its potential audience reached the number of more than 104 million people.", "TNT (Russian TV channel) __knowledge__ The target audience of the channel is made of viewers from 14 to 44 years old, but actually its core is mostly youngsters, of 18 to 30 years old.", "TNT (Russian TV channel) __knowledge__ The channel has an entertaining focus, as it specializes mostly on TV shows and comedy series.", "TNT (Russian TV channel) __knowledge__ The TNT channel was founded in 1997.", "TNT (Russian TV channel) __knowledge__ Since 2001, it has been member of the Gazprom-Media Holding, the flagship TV channel of the sub-holding Gazprom-Media Entertainment TV, founded in 2015.", "Trey Traviesa __knowledge__ Trey Traviesa was a Republican Florida State Representative serving Florida district 56, in the Tampa area.", "Trey Traviesa __knowledge__ He received his B.S.", "Trey Traviesa __knowledge__ in Finance from Florida State University and his M.B.A. from the University of Texas at Austin.", "Trey Traviesa __knowledge__ Traviesa grew up in the Tampa area with his parents and his sister.", "Trey Traviesa __knowledge__ His mother was a public school teacher for 34 years and his father worked in juvenile justice.", "Trey Traviesa __knowledge__ He was Student Body President at FSU.", "Trey Traviesa __knowledge__ He was elected to the Florida House of Representatives in 2004 in a six way primary.", "Trey Traviesa __knowledge__ He has worked aggressively for education reform, growth management, and cable franchise reform, among other issues.", "Rachel Burgin __knowledge__ Rachel Burgin (born July 23, 1982) was a Republican member of the Florida House of Representatives from 2008 to 2012.", "Rachel Burgin __knowledge__ She represented the 56th district (which was located in Hillsborough County prior to state legislative district reconfiguration in 2012.)", "Rachel Burgin __knowledge__ Burgin was first elected in 2008 over Democratic opponent Lewis Laricchia, a retired union negotiator, and was overwhelmingly re-elected in 2010 over Democratic challenger David Chalela.", "Rachel Burgin __knowledge__ As a State Representative, Burgin found herself embroiled in controversy in November 2011, when she introduced legislation urging the federal government to reduce corporate taxes.", "Kerlan Award __knowledge__ The Kerlan Award is a literary award given by the University of Minnesota's Kerlan Collection, a special library focusing on children's literature.", "Kerlan Award __knowledge__ Many awards focus on the finished product, but the Kerlan Award is given based on the creative process.", "Kerlan Award __knowledge__ It is given \"\"In recognition of singular attainments in the creation of children's literature and in appreciation for generous donation of unique resources to the Kerlan Collection for the study of children's literature.\"", "Kerlan Award __knowledge__ Further refinement of the original guidelines have defined 'singular attaiments' as peer acceptance, volume of work and a high standard of quality and the term 'generous donation' was tied directly to high research value in the area of children's literature.", "Jensen Arctic Museum __knowledge__ The Paul H. Jensen Arctic Museum was a museum focused on the culture and environment of the Arctic in Monmouth in the U.S. state of Oregon.", "Jensen Arctic Museum __knowledge__ Located on the campus of Western Oregon University (WOU), the museum opened in 1985 with 3,000 artifacts collected by its late founder and namesake.", "Jensen Arctic Museum __knowledge__ The museum housed 5,000 artifacts and had exhibits on the wildlife of the Arctic along with displays that demonstrate the culture of the Inuit and Eskimo peoples of Alaska.", "Jensen Arctic Museum __knowledge__ The museum was one of only two museums focused on life in the Arctic located in the lower 48 states, and the only one on the West Coast.", "Jensen Arctic Museum __knowledge__ In 2013, WOU announced that the Jensen Museum would close its doors and the collections would move to the Museum of Natural and Cultural History (MNCH) at the University of Oregon in Eugene, which also has substantial Arctic collections.", "Lisa Butcher __knowledge__ Lisa Butcher (born 1971 in London) is an English fashion model and TV presenter.", "Lisa Butcher __knowledge__ Butcher won British \"Elle\"'s first \"ELLE's Angels\" modelling competition in 1987, judged by Marie Helvin, Laraine Ashton, and photographer Terry O'Neill.", "Lisa Butcher __knowledge__ Her first job after she finished school was for Ralph Lauren in New York.", "Lisa Butcher __knowledge__ Royal photographer Norman Parkinson called Butcher the \"Face of the '90s\", and she graced the covers of \"Vogue\", \"Elle\", \"Marie Claire\", \"Harpers and Queen\" and \"Tatler\".", "Lisa Butcher __knowledge__ She has also appeared in numerous commercials most notably for Max Factor, Olympus Cameras, Vision Express, Lancaster, Vidal Sassoon, Pirelli, Clarion mascara and Onebiol moisturiser.", "Ross Gaynor __knowledge__ Ross Leon Gaynor (born 9 September 1987) from Ardee, County Louth is an Irish professional footballer who played in the Football League for Millwall.", "Ross Gaynor __knowledge__ Gaynor began his career playing juvenile football in Ardee with Square United and Ardee Celtic before moving on to Belvedere .", "Ross Gaynor __knowledge__ Gaynor played for the Dundalk Schoolboys League side.", "Ross Gaynor __knowledge__ He opted to begin his career with Millwall.", "Ross Gaynor __knowledge__ Gaynor later joined Sutton United on loan in 2007 but was released at the end of the 2007–08 season, subsequently joining Cobh Ramblers.", "Ross Gaynor __knowledge__ Gaynor then signed for Sporting Fingal in December 2008 for the season, but joined Drogheda United on loan in July 2009.", "Grimlock __knowledge__ Grimlock is the name of several fictional robot characters in the Transformers franchise.", "Grimlock __knowledge__ He is usually portrayed as the immensely strong, power-mongering leader of the Dinobots, a small subfaction of Autobots that transform into dinosaurs.", "Grimlock __knowledge__ In 2007, \"USA Today\" polled people as to which Transformer they want to appear in the in the \"Transformers\" film series; Grimlock came in tied for second with Devastator.", "Grimlock __knowledge__ Grimlock is the leader of the Dinobots, as well as the most fearsome and powerful member.", "Grimlock __knowledge__ Grimlock can be cold, merciless and contemptuous of those he considers beneath him, such as human beings, and at times, even Autobot leader Optimus Prime himself, who Grimlock would gladly supplant as Autobot leader if he were able to, giving him a superiority complex as indicated by his Generation 1 tech specs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is the collecting of postage stamps and related objects.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is related to philately which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It has been one of the world's most popular hobbies since the late nineteenth century with the rapid growth of the postal service.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting proved to be an almost perfect hobby for collectors because there was a never ending stream of new stamps as each country sought to advertise its distinctiveness through its stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is generally accepted as one of the areas that make up the wider subject of philately, which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ A philatelist may, but does not have to, collect stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is not uncommon for the term \"philatelist\" to be used to mean a stamp collector.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Many casual stamp collectors accumulate stamps for sheer enjoyment and relaxation without worrying about the tiny details.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ The creation of a large or comprehensive collection, however, generally requires some philatelic knowledge and will usually contain areas of philatelic studies.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Postage stamps are often collected for their historical value and geographical aspects and also for the many subjects depicted on them, ranging from ships, horses, and birds to kings, queens and presidents.", "Trading stamp culture in Hong Kong __knowledge__ Stamp collection is a common practice among retail outlets in Hong Kong.", "Trading stamp culture in Hong Kong __knowledge__ The concept is to allow customers to redeem free gifts or shopping discounts after purchase.", "Trading stamp culture in Hong Kong __knowledge__ The general mechanism is that stamps will be given to customers when their single purchase exceeds a certain amount of money.", "Trading stamp culture in Hong Kong __knowledge__ Usually, the number of stamps given to customers is directly proportional to the money they spend on that purchase.", "Trading stamp culture in Hong Kong __knowledge__ The more they spend, the more stamps they get.", "Trading stamp culture in Hong Kong __knowledge__ Then, customers can stick the stamps on the collection booklet provided by the shop.", "Trading stamp culture in Hong Kong __knowledge__ When they have collected certain amount of stamps, they can redeem products or chances to take part in some activities like lucky draws.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ The postage stamps of Ireland are issued by the postal operator of the independent Irish state.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ Ireland was part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland when the world's first postage stamps were issued in 1840.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ These stamps, and all subsequent British issues, were used in Ireland until the new Irish Government assumed power in 1922.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ Beginning on 17 February 1922, existing British stamps were overprinted with Irish text to provide some definitives until separate Irish issues became available.", "Postage stamps of Ireland __knowledge__ Following the overprints, a regular series of definitive stamps was produced by the new Department of Posts and Telegraphs, using domestic designs.", "Philatelic fakes and forgeries __knowledge__ In general, philatelic fakes and forgeries refers to labels that look like postage stamps but are not.", "Philatelic fakes and forgeries __knowledge__ Most have been produced to deceive or defraud.", "Philatelic fakes and forgeries __knowledge__ Learning to identify these can be a challenging branch of philately.", "Philatelic fakes and forgeries __knowledge__ To a large extent the definitions below are consistent with those given in the introduction to various recent editions of the \"Scott Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue\".", "Philatelic fakes and forgeries __knowledge__ \"We use the term \"\"forgery\"\" to indicate stamps produced to defraud collectors (properly known as forgeries) and to defraud stamp-issuing governments (properly known as counterfeits).", "Philatelic fakes and forgeries __knowledge__ \"\"Fake\"\" is used to indicate the alteration of a genuine stamp to make it appear as something else.", "Penny Red __knowledge__ The Penny Red was a British postage stamp, issued in 1841.", "Penny Red __knowledge__ It succeeded the Penny Black and continued as the main type of postage stamp in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until 1879, with only minor changes to the design during that time.", "Penny Red __knowledge__ The colour was changed from black to red because of difficulty in seeing a cancellation mark on the Penny Black; a black cancel was readily visible on a Penny Red.", "Penny Red __knowledge__ Initially, some of the same plates that were used to print the Penny Black were used to print the Penny Red and about 21 billion Penny Reds were printed by Messrs. Perkins, Bacon & Co.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ A postage stamp is a small piece of paper that is purchased and displayed on an item of mail as evidence of payment of postage.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ Typically, stamps are printed on special custom-made paper, show a national designation and a denomination (value) on the front, and have an adhesive gum on the back or are self-adhesive.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ Postage stamps are purchased from a postal administration (post office) or other authorized vendor, and are used to pay for the costs involved in moving mail, as well as other business necessities such as insurance and registration.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ They are sometimes a source of net profit to the issuing agency, especially when sold to collectors who will not actually use them for postage.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ The history of postal service of the United States began with the delivery of stampless letters, whose cost was borne by the receiving person, later also encompassed pre-paid letters carried by private mail carriers and provisional post offices, and culminated in a system of universal prepayment that required all letters to bear nationally issued adhesive postage stamps.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ In the earliest days, ship captains arriving in port with stampless mail would advertise in the local newspaper names of those having mail and for them to come collect and pay for it, if not already paid for by the sender.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ Postal delivery in the United States was a matter of haphazard local organization until after the Revolutionary War, when eventually a national postal system was established.", "Revenue stamps of the United States __knowledge__ The first revenue stamps in the United States were used briefly during colonial times, among the most notable usage involved the Stamp Act.", "Revenue stamps of the United States __knowledge__ Long after independence, the first revenue stamps printed by the United States government were issued in the midst of the American Civil War, prompted by the urgent need to raise revenue to pay for the great costs it incurred.", "Revenue stamps of the United States __knowledge__ After the war ended however, revenue stamps and the taxes they represented still continued.", "Revenue stamps of the United States __knowledge__ Revenue stamps served to pay tax duties on items that came under two main categories, \"Proprietary\" and \"Documentary\".", "Revenue stamps of the United States __knowledge__ Proprietary stamps paid tax duties on goods like alcohol and tobacco, and were also used for various services, while Documentary stamps paid duties on legal documents, mortgage deeds, stocks and a fair number of other legal dealings.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Pakistan __knowledge__ Postage stamps of Pakistan are those issued since Pakistan's independence in 1947.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Pakistan __knowledge__ Pakistan Post has issued more than 600 sets and singles totalling more than 1300 stamps.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Pakistan __knowledge__ Immediately after the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the new Pakistan government was preoccupied with setting up the government so British Indian stamps continued in use without an overprint as was the practice in other countries.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Pakistan __knowledge__ The history of postage stamps in the region dates back to 1852, when Sir Bartle Frere of the British East India Company became the Chief Commissioner of Sind in 1851 and in 1852.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Pakistan __knowledge__ Following the British example set by Rowland Hill, Frere improved upon the operations of the postal system of Sindh, introduced a cheap and uniform rate for postage (independent of distance travelled) and initiated the production of the Scinde Dawk stamps.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the postal convention states of India __knowledge__ The Post Office of India of the British Raj entered into postal conventions with a few native states of India.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the postal convention states of India __knowledge__ As per the postal convention (or agreement), existing adhesive stamps and postal stationery of British India were overprinted with the name of the state for use within each convention State, for mail from one convention state to another, and to destinations in British India.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the postal convention states of India __knowledge__ The state administrations, in turn, had to conform to a number of agreements covering the issuance of stamps, the rates of postage, and the exchange of mail.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the postal convention states of India __knowledge__ For philatelic purposes such states were referred to as \"convention states\" as distinct from the \"feudatory states\" which had no postal agreement with British India.", "Hermes (Greek stamp) __knowledge__ The Greek god Hermes, messenger of the Gods in the Greek mythology, is the representation chosen, in 1860, by the Kingdom of Greece to illustrate its first postal stamps.", "Hermes (Greek stamp) __knowledge__ The first type, the \"large Hermes head\", was issued in October 1861, and stayed in circulation up to 1886, it was then replaced by the second type, the \"small Hermes head\".", "Hermes (Greek stamp) __knowledge__ The \"large Hermes head\" stamps, have been reissued, overprinted, in 1900 and 1901 in order to mitigate the delay of shipment of the stamps of the third type, the \"flying Hermes\" by the British printer J. P. Segg & C°.", "Hermes (Greek stamp) __knowledge__ In 1902, a fourth type showing Hermes effigy was issued for international \"metal payment\".", "Ma's Illustrated Catalogue Of The Stamps Of China __knowledge__ Ma's Illustrated Catalogue of the Stamps of China (國郵 啚 鑑) or ( (國郵圖鑑) is a specialized catalogue of earlier Chinese stamps covering the periods from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China.", "Ma's Illustrated Catalogue Of The Stamps Of China __knowledge__ It provides the most comprehensive and systematic record of every stamp from the first Customs issue of 1878 to the Dah Tung print Postage Due stamp in 1947.", "Ma's Illustrated Catalogue Of The Stamps Of China __knowledge__ \"Ma's Illustrated Catalogue\" differs from other stamp catalogues as it goes beyond a simple listing of stamps.", "Ma's Illustrated Catalogue Of The Stamps Of China __knowledge__ \"Ma's catalogue\" provides a wealth of philately related information of high historical significance that is much needed in the research and study of early Chinese stamps." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is the collecting of postage stamps and related objects.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is related to philately which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It has been one of the world's most popular hobbies since the late nineteenth century with the rapid growth of the postal service.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting proved to be an almost perfect hobby for collectors because there was a never ending stream of new stamps as each country sought to advertise its distinctiveness through its stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Stamp collecting is generally accepted as one of the areas that make up the wider subject of philately, which is the study of stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ A philatelist may, but does not have to, collect stamps.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ It is not uncommon for the term \"philatelist\" to be used to mean a stamp collector.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Many casual stamp collectors accumulate stamps for sheer enjoyment and relaxation without worrying about the tiny details.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ The creation of a large or comprehensive collection, however, generally requires some philatelic knowledge and will usually contain areas of philatelic studies.", "Stamp collecting __knowledge__ Postage stamps are often collected for their historical value and geographical aspects and also for the many subjects depicted on them, ranging from ships, horses, and birds to kings, queens and presidents.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ The history of postal service of the United States began with the delivery of stampless letters, whose cost was borne by the receiving person, later also encompassed pre-paid letters carried by private mail carriers and provisional post offices, and culminated in a system of universal prepayment that required all letters to bear nationally issued adhesive postage stamps.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ In the earliest days, ship captains arriving in port with stampless mail would advertise in the local newspaper names of those having mail and for them to come collect and pay for it, if not already paid for by the sender.", "Postage stamps and postal history of the United States __knowledge__ Postal delivery in the United States was a matter of haphazard local organization until after the Revolutionary War, when eventually a national postal system was established.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ A postage stamp is a small piece of paper that is purchased and displayed on an item of mail as evidence of payment of postage.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ Typically, stamps are printed on special custom-made paper, show a national designation and a denomination (value) on the front, and have an adhesive gum on the back or are self-adhesive.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ Postage stamps are purchased from a postal administration (post office) or other authorized vendor, and are used to pay for the costs involved in moving mail, as well as other business necessities such as insurance and registration.", "Postage stamp __knowledge__ They are sometimes a source of net profit to the issuing agency, especially when sold to collectors who will not actually use them for postage.", "Hermes (Greek stamp) __knowledge__ The Greek god Hermes, messenger of the Gods in the Greek mythology, is the representation chosen, in 1860, by the Kingdom of Greece to illustrate its first postal stamps.", "Hermes (Greek stamp) __knowledge__ The first type, the \"large Hermes head\", was issued in October 1861, and stayed in circulation up to 1886, it was then replaced by the second type, the \"small Hermes head\".", "Hermes (Greek stamp) __knowledge__ The \"large Hermes head\" stamps, have been reissued, overprinted, in 1900 and 1901 in order to mitigate the delay of shipment of the stamps of the third type, the \"flying Hermes\" by the British printer J. P. Segg & C°.", "Hermes (Greek stamp) __knowledge__ In 1902, a fourth type showing Hermes effigy was issued for international \"metal payment\".", "Passport stamp __knowledge__ A passport stamp is a rubber stamp inked impression received in one's passport upon entering or exiting a country.", "Passport stamp __knowledge__ Passport stamps may occasionally take the form of sticker stamps, such as entry stamps from Japan.", "Passport stamp __knowledge__ Depending on nationality, a visitor may not receive a stamp (unless specifically requested), such as an EU/EFTA citizen travelling to an EU/EFTA country, Albania or Macedonia.", "Passport stamp __knowledge__ Most countries issue exit stamps in addition to entry stamps.", "Passport stamp __knowledge__ A few countries issue only entry stamps, including Australia, Canada, United States, New Zealand, Ireland, the United Kingdom, and El Salvador.", "Passport stamp __knowledge__ Hong Kong, Macau, and Israel do not stamp passports upon entry nor exit, but issue landing slips instead.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Mexico __knowledge__ The Mexican postal system has its roots in the Aztec system of messengers which the Spanish adopted after the Conquest.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Mexico __knowledge__ A postal service was established in 1580, mainly to communicate between the viceroyalty of New Spain with the motherland Spain.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Mexico __knowledge__ During the 18th century, Spain established a formal postal system with regular routes.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Mexico __knowledge__ In 1856, Mexico issued its first adhesive postage stamps, with \"district overprints\", a unique feature among postal systems worldwide, employed to protect from theft of postage stamps.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Mexico __knowledge__ In 1891, the postal and stamp issuing authority was created as an administrative division of the Secretaría de Comunicaciones (Secretariat of Communications).", "Postage stamps and postal history of Turkey __knowledge__ The postal history of Turkey and its predecessor state, the Ottoman Empire, dates to the 18th century when foreign countries maintained courier services through their consular offices in the Empire.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Turkey __knowledge__ Although delayed in the development of its own postal service, in 1863 Turkey became the second independent country in Asia (after Russia) to issue adhesive postage stamps, and in 1875, it became a founding member of the General Postal Union, soon to become the Universal Postal Union.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Turkey __knowledge__ Turkey became a republic in 1923, and in the following years, its postal service became more modernized and efficient and its postage stamps expertly designed and manufactured.", "Tornado, West Virginia __knowledge__ Tornado is a census-designated place (CDP) in Kanawha County, West Virginia, United States.", "Tornado, West Virginia __knowledge__ Tornado is also known as Upper Falls, the U.S. Census Bureau's official name for the community.", "Tornado, West Virginia __knowledge__ The United States Board on Geographic Names declared the community's official name to be Tornado in 2013 due to a request from the Kanawha County Commission, which determined that residents of the community supported the name Tornado over Upper Falls.", "Tornado, West Virginia __knowledge__ It is also known as Andrews Heights, Big Bend and Upper Falls of Coal River.", "Tornado, West Virginia __knowledge__ The Coal River bisects the community and gives it its historical name from the cascading waters of its Upper Falls.", "Guitalin __knowledge__ A guitalin () is a Northern American folk instrument that is a part of the lute family, having four courses of strings.", "Guitalin __knowledge__ Its fourth course is tuned to an octave while the remaining courses are tuned in unisons.", "Guitalin __knowledge__ The instrument can be either finger picked or plucked with a plectrum.", "Guitalin __knowledge__ It was invented in October 1962 by Lyle Mayfield of Greenville, Illinois.", "Guitalin __knowledge__ The guitalin is a non-traditional, hybrid folk instrument, as it incorporates features of multiple traditional folk instruments into one.", "Guitalin __knowledge__ While the original tuning consisted of a G chord in root position, the standard tuning of the guitalin which was adopted is a C chord in second inversion.", "Falls Road, Belfast __knowledge__ The Falls Road () is the main road through west Belfast, Northern Ireland, running from Divis Street in Belfast city centre to Andersonstown in the suburbs.", "Falls Road, Belfast __knowledge__ Its name is synonymous with the republican community in the city, whilst the neighbouring Shankill Road is predominantly loyalist, separated from the Falls Road by peace lines.", "Falls Road, Belfast __knowledge__ The road is usually referred to as \"the\" Falls Road, rather than as Falls Road.", "Falls Road, Belfast __knowledge__ It is known as the \"Faas Raa\" in Ulster-Scots.", "Falls Road, Belfast __knowledge__ The Falls Road derives its name from the Irish \"túath na bhFál\", an Irish petty-kingdom whose name means \"territory of the enclosures\".", "Falls Road, Belfast __knowledge__ This territory was roughly the same as that of the ecclesiastical parish of the Shankill, which spanned a large portion of modern-day Belfast.", "Newton Upper Falls __knowledge__ Newton Upper Falls is a village situated on the east bank of the Charles River in the city of Newton, Massachusetts, in the United States.", "Newton Upper Falls __knowledge__ The area borders Needham, Massachusetts to the south/southwest, Wellesley, Massachusetts to the west, the West Roxbury neighborhood of Boston to the extreme southeast, and the Newton villages of Waban, Newton Highlands and Newton Center to the north and east.", "Newton Upper Falls __knowledge__ The village is served partially by Eliot \"T\" station, part of the Green Line \"D\" Branch of the MBTA, with rapid light rail service inbound into downtown Boston and outbound to Riverside.", "Newton Upper Falls __knowledge__ Major roads that serve the village are Route 128, and Route 9 (Boylston Street), which provides a direct, 6 mile commute into downtown Boston.", "Spokane Falls __knowledge__ Spokane Falls is the name of a waterfall and dam on the Spokane River, located in the central business district in downtown Spokane, Washington.", "Spokane Falls __knowledge__ The city of Spokane was also initially named \"Spokane Falls\".", "Spokane Falls __knowledge__ The Native American name for the Spokane Falls was \"Stluputqu\", meaning \"swift water\".", "Spokane Falls __knowledge__ The falls was once the site of a large Spokane people village.", "Spokane Falls __knowledge__ The falls consists of an Upper Falls and a Lower Falls.", "Spokane Falls __knowledge__ The Upper Falls is the site of the Upper Falls Dam, a diversion dam constructed in 1920 that directs the water into the Upper Falls intake on the south channel of the Spokane River.", "Spokane Falls __knowledge__ The Upper Falls Power Plant incorporates a Francis turbine capable of generating 10 MW.", "Upper Falls Covered Bridge __knowledge__ The Upper Falls Covered Bridge, also known as the Downers Covered Bridge, spans the Black River, carrying Upper Falls Road just south of Vermont Route 131 in western Weathersfield, Vermont.", "Upper Falls Covered Bridge __knowledge__ The Town lattice truss bridge was built in 1840 and rebuilt in 2008.", "Upper Falls Covered Bridge __knowledge__ Its gable ends are distinctive for their Greek Revival styling.", "Upper Falls Covered Bridge __knowledge__ The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.", "Upper Falls Covered Bridge __knowledge__ The Upper Falls Covered Bridge is located in a rural area of western Weathersfield, south of Vermont 131 on Upper Falls Road.", "Upper Falls Covered Bridge __knowledge__ It is a single-span Town lattice truss structure, set on one modern concrete abutment, and another of dry laid stone that has been faced in concrete.", "Tip Toe Falls __knowledge__ Tip Toe Falls (also known informally as Tiptoe Falls), is a tall waterfall (though commonly mismeasured from ) on Fall Creek in the Portola Redwoods State Park, California.", "Tip Toe Falls __knowledge__ There is also a upper falls, a few hundred feet upstream, which is much lesser known.", "Tip Toe Falls __knowledge__ The falls, fed by Fall Creek (a tributary of Pescadero Creek) starts by cascading down a mossy, 8 foot (2.4m) upper tier into a small pool.", "Tip Toe Falls __knowledge__ The creek continues downstream between grassy banks, and before long, falls over the more well known, 6 foot (1.8 m) lower tier.", "Tip Toe Falls __knowledge__ The lower tier empties into a round pool approximately 6” deep, before the creek cascades over sticks and rocks and continues its way downstream." ] ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 3 ]

[ "how is your collection coming", "Stamps, it is related to philately which is the study of stamps", "I don't have very many anymore as I did as a child with my dad too. Is it still popular?", "Just the ones off envelopes I receive for fun. I saw it used to be one of the worlds largest hobbies i was curious if that was still the case." ]

[ "Stamp collecting", "Stamp collecting", "Stamp collecting", "Stamp collecting" ]

[ "Anime", "I've heard of it but don't really know what all the hype is about.", "Is it a certain genre or just about anything?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Anime __knowledge__ Anime ( ), also called Japanimation, is hand-drawn or computer animation associated with Japan.", "Anime __knowledge__ The word \"anime\" is the Japanese term for \"animation\", which means all forms of animated media.", "Anime __knowledge__ Outside Japan, \"anime\" refers specifically to animation from Japan or as a Japanese-disseminated animation style often characterized by colorful graphics, vibrant characters and fantastical themes.", "Anime __knowledge__ Arguably, the culturally abstract approach to the word's meaning may open up the possibility of anime produced in countries other than Japan.", "Anime __knowledge__ For simplicity, many Westerners strictly view anime as a Japanese animation product.", "Anime __knowledge__ Some scholars suggest defining anime as specifically or quintessentially Japanese may be related to a new form of orientalism.", "Anime __knowledge__ The earliest commercial Japanese animation dates to 1917, and Japanese anime production has since continued to increase steadily.", "Anime __knowledge__ The characteristic anime art style emerged in the 1960s with the works of Osamu Tezuka and spread internationally in the late twentieth century, developing a large domestic and international audience.", "Anime __knowledge__ Anime is distributed theatrically, by way of television broadcasts, directly to home media, and over the Internet.", "Anime __knowledge__ It is classified into numerous genres targeting diverse broad and niche audiences." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Anime __knowledge__ Anime ( ), also called Japanimation, is hand-drawn or computer animation associated with Japan.", "Anime __knowledge__ The word \"anime\" is the Japanese term for \"animation\", which means all forms of animated media.", "Anime __knowledge__ Outside Japan, \"anime\" refers specifically to animation from Japan or as a Japanese-disseminated animation style often characterized by colorful graphics, vibrant characters and fantastical themes.", "Anime __knowledge__ Arguably, the culturally abstract approach to the word's meaning may open up the possibility of anime produced in countries other than Japan.", "Anime __knowledge__ For simplicity, many Westerners strictly view anime as a Japanese animation product.", "Anime __knowledge__ Some scholars suggest defining anime as specifically or quintessentially Japanese may be related to a new form of orientalism.", "Anime __knowledge__ The earliest commercial Japanese animation dates to 1917, and Japanese anime production has since continued to increase steadily.", "Anime __knowledge__ The characteristic anime art style emerged in the 1960s with the works of Osamu Tezuka and spread internationally in the late twentieth century, developing a large domestic and international audience.", "Anime __knowledge__ Anime is distributed theatrically, by way of television broadcasts, directly to home media, and over the Internet.", "Anime __knowledge__ It is classified into numerous genres targeting diverse broad and niche audiences.", "Gary Wilson (musician) __knowledge__ Gary Wilson (born October 1953) is an experimental musician/performance artist best known for his 1977 album \"You Think You Really Know Me\", after which he promptly retired from recording and performing concerts.", "Gary Wilson (musician) __knowledge__ He slowly gained a strong cult following during the 1980s and 1990s, and in the early 2000s became active again.", "Gary Wilson (musician) __knowledge__ Born on The North Side of Endicott, New York, Gary Wilson was one of four siblings, the others being Larry, David and Patti.", "Gary Wilson (musician) __knowledge__ The children kept several ducks as pets.", "Gary Wilson (musician) __knowledge__ His father worked for IBM during the day, and by night played stand-up bass in a lounge band whose act played the same hotel approximately four nights a week for 25 years.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Hype Energy __knowledge__ Hype Energy is a range of energy drinks distributed in over 45 countries across the world.", "Hype Energy __knowledge__ First launched in 1994 by Hard Rock Cafe founders, the company has been headed since May 2000 by former Formula One racing driver, Bertrand Gachot.", "Hype Energy __knowledge__ Hype Energy has been an official sponsor of Formula One auto racing team Force India since 2015.", "Hype Energy __knowledge__ Hype Energy was first developed in 1993 by Ashley Roy, Nigel Spiro, and Andrew Barshall and backed by Hard Rock Cafe founder, Barry Cox.", "Hype Energy __knowledge__ Under Spiro and Managing Director David Harris Hype Energy became heavily involved in motorsport by first sponsoring the Arrows Formula One team and subsequently Benetton, Williams, a NASCAR outfit and several motorbike teams.", "The Hype Bros __knowledge__ The Hype Bros were a professional wrestling tag team which performed in WWE on its SmackDown brand.", "The Hype Bros __knowledge__ The team, composed of Zack Ryder and Mojo Rawley, was formed in June 2015 on the development territory, NXT.", "The Hype Bros __knowledge__ In June 2015, Zack Ryder debuted in \"NXT\", forming an alliance with Mojo Rawley, dubbing themselves as The Hype Bros.", "The Hype Bros __knowledge__ The Hype Bros went on to defeat Elias Sampson and Mike Rallis at the May 21st \"NXT\" TV tapings.", "The Hype Bros __knowledge__ Three weeks later, with the duo officially recognized as a tag team, they defeated the team of Angelo Dawkins and Sawyer Fulton on the June 18 TV taping.", "The Hype Bros __knowledge__ After a month-long feud with the likes of The Revival, American Alpha, along with countless victories over the teams, The Hype Bros teamed up with Enzo Amore and Colin Cassady to defeat Gable, Jordan, Wilder and Dawson in an eight-man tag team match at .", "You Think You Really Know Me __knowledge__ You Think You Really Know Me is the debut album by American experimental music icon Gary Wilson.", "You Think You Really Know Me __knowledge__ It was reissued by Motel Records in 2002.", "You Think You Really Know Me __knowledge__ \"You Think You Really Know Me\" did not gain substantial attention upon its initial 1977 release.", "You Think You Really Know Me __knowledge__ Though re-released again in 1979, to little fanfare, the album eventually gained a cult following.", "You Think You Really Know Me __knowledge__ In the late 1990s, Beck namechecked Wilson in one of his most popular songs, \"Where It's At.\"", "You Think You Really Know Me __knowledge__ Feeding Tube Records described the album as \"the sound of a 23 year old oddball from upstate New York, wrestling with his demons and actually winning.", "You Think You Really Know Me __knowledge__ There’s nothing quite like it.", "Ultraviolence (album) __knowledge__ Ultraviolence is the third studio album and second major-label record by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey, released on June 13, 2014 by UMG Recordings.", "Ultraviolence (album) __knowledge__ Despite originally dismissing the possibility of releasing another record after her major-label debut \"Born to Die\" (2012), Del Rey began planning its follow-up in 2013.", "Ultraviolence (album) __knowledge__ Production continued into 2014, at which time she heavily collaborated with Dan Auerbach to revamp what she initially considered to be the completed record.", "Ultraviolence (album) __knowledge__ The project saw additional contributions from producers including Paul Epworth, Greg Kurstin, Daniel Heath, and Rick Nowels, and features a more guitar-based sound than Del Rey's previous releases.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ The Organ was a Canadian post-punk band formed in 2001 in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ They officially broke up on December 7, 2006, due to illness and personal conflicts in the band.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ The Organ were conceived in 2001 by frontwoman Katie Sketch, born Katie Ritchie, in Vancouver, BC.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ Sketch's musical training started at the age of three, when she began classical training on the violin.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ Her childhood was spent largely in ignorance of the underground sounds of The Smiths, The Cure, and Joy Division, whom The Organ would later often be favorably compared to.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ \"Tiffany and Bon Jovi – that was my take on ’80s music.\"", "History of anime __knowledge__ The history of anime can be traced back to the start of the 20th century, with the earliest verifiable films dating from 1917.", "History of anime __knowledge__ The first generation of animators in the late 1910s included Ōten Shimokawa, Jun'ichi Kōuchi and Seitaro Kitayama, commonly referred to as the \"fathers\" of anime.", "History of anime __knowledge__ Propaganda films, such as \"Momotarō no Umiwashi\" (1943) and \"\" (1945), the latter being the first anime feature film, were made during World War II.", "History of anime __knowledge__ During the 1970s, anime developed further, with the inspiration of Disney animators, separating itself from its Western roots, and developing distinct genres such as mecha and its super robot subgenre.", "Yuri on Ice __knowledge__ Released to critical acclaim, \"Yuri on Ice\" has been well received in Japan.", "Yuri on Ice __knowledge__ It won three awards at the Tokyo Anime Award Festival, a Japan Character Award and seven awards in Crunchyroll's inaugural Anime Awards.", "Yuri on Ice __knowledge__ In Japan, the series was released in six parts on Blu-Ray and DVD, with all the releases coming No.", "Yuri on Ice __knowledge__ 1 on the Oricon Animation Blu-Ray disc and Animation DVD disc rankings respectively.", "Yuri on Ice __knowledge__ It was the eighth-most successful media franchise in Japan for 2017, had the second-highest combined Blu-Ray and DVD sales of any anime in Japan for 2017, and had the highest combined sales for a TV anime that year.", "Cowboy Bebop __knowledge__ The series premiered in Japan on TV Tokyo from April 3 until June 26, 1998, broadcasting only twelve episodes and a special due to its controversial adult-themed content.", "Cowboy Bebop __knowledge__ The entire twenty-six episodes of the series were later broadcast on WOWOW from October 24 until April 24, 1999.", "Cowboy Bebop __knowledge__ The anime was adapted into two manga series which were serialized in Kadokawa Shoten's Asuka Fantasy DX.", "Cowboy Bebop __knowledge__ A was later released to theaters worldwide.", "Cowboy Bebop __knowledge__ The anime series was dubbed in the English language by Animaze and ZRO Limit Productions, and was licensed by Bandai Entertainment in North America and is now licensed by Funimation.", "Anime and manga fandom __knowledge__ Anime and manga fandom (otherwise known as fan community) is a worldwide community of fans of anime and manga.", "Anime and manga fandom __knowledge__ Anime includes animated series, films and videos, while manga includes Manga, graphic novels, drawings, and related artwork.", "Anime and manga fandom __knowledge__ They have their origin in Japanese entertainment, but the style and culture has spread worldwide since its introduction into the West in the 1990s.", "Anime and manga fandom __knowledge__ \"Otaku\" is a Japanese term for people with obsessive interests, including anime, manga, or video games.", "Anime and manga fandom __knowledge__ In its original context, the term \"otaku\" is derived from a Japanese term for another's house or family ( \"otaku\"), which is also used as an honorific second-person pronoun.", "Fansub __knowledge__ A fansub (short for fan-subtitled) is a version of a foreign film or foreign television program which has been translated by fans (as opposed to an officially licensed translation done by professionals) and subtitled into a language other than that of the original.", "Fansub __knowledge__ The practice of making fansubs is called fansubbing and is done by a fansubber.", "Fansub __knowledge__ Fansubbers typically form groups and divide the work up.", "Fansub __knowledge__ The first distribution media of fansubbed material was VHS and Betamax tapes.", "Fansub __knowledge__ Early fansubs were produced using analog video editing equipment.", "Fansub __knowledge__ First, a copy of the original source material or raw was obtained, most commonly from a commercial laserdisc.", "Anime-influenced animation __knowledge__ Anime-influenced animation or Western Anime is a type of media that refers to non-Japanese works of animation that replicate certain aspects of the visual style of Japanese anime.", "Anime-influenced animation __knowledge__ With the rise of anime's popularity it has become an integral part of animation produced in the Western world, and some fans and critics argue that the term should be defined as a \"style\" rather than as a national product, which leaves open the possibility of anime being produced in other countries.", "Anime-influenced animation __knowledge__ Although outside Japan, \"anime\" is used to refer specifically to animation from Japan or as a Japanese-disseminated animation style often characterized by colorful graphics, vibrant characters and fantastical themes, there is a debate over whether the culturally abstract approach to the word's meaning may open up the possibility of anime produced in countries other than Japan." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Anime __knowledge__ Anime ( ), also called Japanimation, is hand-drawn or computer animation associated with Japan.", "Anime __knowledge__ The word \"anime\" is the Japanese term for \"animation\", which means all forms of animated media.", "Anime __knowledge__ Outside Japan, \"anime\" refers specifically to animation from Japan or as a Japanese-disseminated animation style often characterized by colorful graphics, vibrant characters and fantastical themes.", "Anime __knowledge__ Arguably, the culturally abstract approach to the word's meaning may open up the possibility of anime produced in countries other than Japan.", "Anime __knowledge__ For simplicity, many Westerners strictly view anime as a Japanese animation product.", "Anime __knowledge__ Some scholars suggest defining anime as specifically or quintessentially Japanese may be related to a new form of orientalism.", "Anime __knowledge__ The earliest commercial Japanese animation dates to 1917, and Japanese anime production has since continued to increase steadily.", "Anime __knowledge__ The characteristic anime art style emerged in the 1960s with the works of Osamu Tezuka and spread internationally in the late twentieth century, developing a large domestic and international audience.", "Anime __knowledge__ Anime is distributed theatrically, by way of television broadcasts, directly to home media, and over the Internet.", "Anime __knowledge__ It is classified into numerous genres targeting diverse broad and niche audiences.", "Genre studies __knowledge__ Genre studies is an academic subject which studies genre theory as a branch of general critical theory in several different fields, including the literary or artistic, linguistic, or rhetorical.", "Genre studies __knowledge__ Literary genre studies is a structuralist approach to the study of genre and genre theory in literary theory, film theory, and other cultural theories.", "Genre studies __knowledge__ The study of a genre in this way examines the structural elements that combine in the telling of a story and finds patterns in collections of stories.", "Genre studies __knowledge__ When these elements (or semiotic codes) begin to carry inherent information, a genre emerges.", "Genre studies __knowledge__ Linguistic genre studies is best described by two schools of literary genre, the Systemic Functional Linguistics or \"SFL\", scholars of this school believe that language structure is an integral part of a text's social context and function.", "Hagiopolitan Octoechos __knowledge__ Oktōēchos (here transcribed \"Octoechos\"; Greek: pronounced in koine: ; from ὀκτώ \"eight\" and ἦχος \"sound, mode\" called echos; Slavonic: Осмогласие, \"Osmoglasie\" from о́смь \"eight\" and гласъ \"voice, sound\") is the name of the eight mode system used for the composition of religious chant in Byzantine, Syriac, Armenian, Georgian, Latin and Slavic churches since the Middle Ages.", "Hagiopolitan Octoechos __knowledge__ In a modified form the octoechos is still regarded as the foundation of the tradition of monodic Orthodox chant today (Neobyzantine Octoechos).", "Hagiopolitan Octoechos __knowledge__ The Octoechos as a liturgical concept which established an organization of the calendar into eight-week cycles, was the invention of monastic hymnographers at Mar Saba in Palestine and in Constantinople.", "Film genre __knowledge__ A film genre is a motion picture category based on similarities in either the narrative elements or the emotional response to the film (namely, serious, comic, etc.).", "Film genre __knowledge__ Most theories of film genre are borrowed from literary genre criticism.", "Film genre __knowledge__ The basic genres include fiction and documentary, from which subgenres have emerged, such as docufiction and docudrama.", "Film genre __knowledge__ Other subgenres include the courtroom and trial-focused drama known as the legal drama.", "Film genre __knowledge__ Types of fiction which may seem unrelated can also be combined to form hybrid subgenres, such as the melding of horror and comedy in the \"Evil Dead\" films.", "Cinema of Hong Kong __knowledge__ The cinema of Hong Kong () is one of the three major threads in the history of Chinese language cinema, alongside the cinema of China, and the cinema of Taiwan.", "Cinema of Hong Kong __knowledge__ As a former British colony, Hong Kong had a greater degree of political and economic freedom than mainland China and Taiwan, and developed into a filmmaking hub for the Chinese-speaking world (including its worldwide diaspora), and for East Asia in general.", "Cinema of Hong Kong __knowledge__ For decades, Hong Kong was the third largest motion picture industry in the world (after Indian cinema and Hollywood) and the second largest exporter.", "Cinema of Hong Kong __knowledge__ Despite an industry crisis starting in the mid-1990s and Hong Kong's return to Chinese sovereignty in July 1997, Hong Kong film has retained much of its distinctive identity and continues to play a prominent part on the world cinema stage.", "Black Rock Coalition __knowledge__ The Black Rock Coalition is a New York-based artists' collective and non-profit organization dedicated to promoting the creative freedom and works of black musicians.", "Black Rock Coalition __knowledge__ The BRC was founded in 1985 in New York City by Vernon Reid (guitarist for the rock band Living Colour), Greg Tate (journalist for the \"Village Voice\"), Dk Dyson (lead singer of Eye & I), and Konda Mason (producer), but today has members from around the world.", "Black Rock Coalition __knowledge__ Members that helped propel BRC at that time include but are not limited to; Chuck Mosely (lead singer, Faith no More,1983-1988), Angelo Moore (lead singer, Fishbone), Corey Glover (lead singer, Living Colour).", "Romantic comedy film __knowledge__ Romantic comedy films (also known as the portmanteaus romedy or romcom) are films with light-hearted, humorous plotlines, centered on romantic ideals such as that true love is able to surmount most obstacles.", "Romantic comedy film __knowledge__ One dictionary definition is \"a funny movie, play, or television program about a love story that ends happily\".", "Romantic comedy film __knowledge__ Another definition states that its \"primary distinguishing feature is a love plot in which two sympathetic and well-matched lovers are united or reconciled\".", "Romantic comedy film __knowledge__ Romantic comedy films are a certain genre of comedy films as well as of romance films, and may also have elements of screwball comedies.", "Box set __knowledge__ A box set or boxed set is a set of items (for example, a compilation of books, musical recordings, films or television programs) packaged in a box, for sale as a single unit.", "Box set __knowledge__ Artists and bands with an extremely long and successful career often have anthology or \"essential\" collections of their boxes of music released as box sets.", "Box set __knowledge__ These often include rare and never-before-released tracks.", "Box set __knowledge__ Some box sets collect previously released boxes of singles or albums by a music artist, and often collect the complete discography of an artist such as Pink Floyd's \"Oh, by the Way\".", "Box set __knowledge__ Other music box sets focus on a compilation of boxes of different artists from a particular genre such as Big Band jazz, 1960s rock and roll, or opera.", "American Graphics Institute __knowledge__ American Graphics Institute (AGI) is an company that offers publishing consulting and technical training.", "American Graphics Institute __knowledge__ The institute also writes and publishes books on publishing, business strategy and design technology.", "American Graphics Institute __knowledge__ AGI was founded in 1994 by Christopher Smith and Jennifer Smith.", "American Graphics Institute __knowledge__ American Graphics Institute originally provided instruction on the use of early desktop publishing software from companies such as Adobe Systems and Quark, Inc. AGI later began teaching web publishing and interactive design classes.", "American Graphics Institute __knowledge__ In 2007, American Graphics Institute was acquired by creative staffing firm Aquent.", "American Graphics Institute __knowledge__ In July 2009, the founders reacquired American Graphics Institute.", "Ristar (Game Gear) __knowledge__ Ristar, known as in Japan, is a platform video game released by Sega in February 1995 for the Game Gear.", "Ristar (Game Gear) __knowledge__ While sharing themes and gameplay elements from its main counterpart, \"Ristar\", for the Sega Genesis, it is a largely different game.", "Ristar (Game Gear) __knowledge__ The game was well received by critics, who felt the gameplay mechanics were transferred over well to the older, aging Game Gear system, but were divided on whether or not the game was worth playing if both versions of the game were available to the consumer.", "Ristar (Game Gear) __knowledge__ The game received even less exposure than its Genesis counterpart, due to the Game Gear being towards the end of its lifecycle, and having less of a userbase to begin with in comparison to the Genesis.", "Sunset Overdrive __knowledge__ Sunset Overdrive is an open world action-adventure third-person shooter video game developed by Insomniac Games and published by Microsoft Studios for the Xbox One.", "Sunset Overdrive __knowledge__ It was announced at Electronic Entertainment Expo 2013, and released worldwide in October 2014.", "Sunset Overdrive __knowledge__ The game is set in 2027, in a fictional metropolis called Sunset City.", "Sunset Overdrive __knowledge__ The player controls an employee of FizzCo, who has to fight off the OD, short for Overcharge Drinkers: humans who have turned into mutants after drinking FizzCo's energy drink beverage.", "Sunset Overdrive __knowledge__ In the dystopian Sunset City the player character can wall-run, use zip-lines, and grind rails to swiftly navigate through it, with a large arsenal of weapons to use.", "Google Calendar __knowledge__ Google Calendar is a time-management and scheduling calendar service developed by Google.", "Google Calendar __knowledge__ It became available as a limited beta release on April 13, 2006, and exited the beta stage in July 2009.", "Google Calendar __knowledge__ It is available on the web and as mobile apps for the Android and iOS mobile operating systems.", "Google Calendar __knowledge__ Google Calendar allows users to create and edit events.", "Google Calendar __knowledge__ Reminders can be enabled for events, with options available for type and time.", "Google Calendar __knowledge__ Event locations can also be added, and other users can be invited to events.", "Google Calendar __knowledge__ Users can enable or disable the visibility of special calendars, including Birthdays, where the app retrieves dates of births from Google contacts and displays birthday cards on a yearly basis, and Holidays, a country-specific calendar that displays dates of special occasions.", "Wonder Boy in Monster Land __knowledge__ Wonder Boy in Monster Land, known by its original arcade release as , is an action role-playing platform video game developed by Westone Bit Entertainment and released by Sega for arcade cabinets in 1987 and for the Master System in 1988, with a number of other home computer and console ports following.", "Wonder Boy in Monster Land __knowledge__ The game is the sequel to the 1986 game \"Wonder Boy\" and takes place eleven years after the events in the previous game.", "Wonder Boy in Monster Land __knowledge__ After enjoying over a decade of peace on Wonder Land following the defeat of the evil King by Tom-Tom, later bestowed the title \"Wonder Boy\", a fire-breathing dragon called the MEKA dragon appeared; he and his minions conquered Wonder Land, turning it into \"Monster Land\".", "Atari 7800 __knowledge__ The Atari 7800 ProSystem, or simply the Atari 7800, is a home video game console officially released by Atari Corporation in 1986.", "Atari 7800 __knowledge__ It is almost fully backward-compatible with the Atari 2600, the first console to have backward compatibility without the use of additional modules.", "Atari 7800 __knowledge__ It was considered affordable at a price of US$140.", "Atari 7800 __knowledge__ The 7800 has significantly improved graphics hardware over the 2600, but uses the same audio chip.", "Atari 7800 __knowledge__ It also shipped with a different model of joystick from the 2600-standard CX40.", "Atari 7800 __knowledge__ The 1986 launch is sometimes referred to as a \"re-release\" or \"relaunch\" because the Atari 7800 had originally been announced on May 21, 1984, to replace Atari Inc.'s Atari 5200, but a general release was shelved due to the sale of the company.", "Hook (video game) __knowledge__ There have been several video games based on the 1991 film Hook.", "Hook (video game) __knowledge__ A side-scrolling platform game for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) and Game Boy was released in the United States in February 1992.", "Hook (video game) __knowledge__ Subsequent side-scrolling platform games were released for the Commodore 64 and the Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES) later in 1992, followed by versions for the Sega CD, Sega Genesis, and Sega's handheld Game Gear console in 1993.", "Hook (video game) __knowledge__ An arcade game was also released in 1993.", "Hook (video game) __knowledge__ A graphic adventure point-and-click game, developed by Shadow Software and published by Ocean Software, was released for Amiga and Atari ST in 1992." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 10 ]

[ "Lately, I've really gotten into anime! Anime is animation that comes from Japan.", "it has a lot of interest because there are people who like the colorful graphics and the themes that can be so different from American graphics.", "The genre is quite diverse, as in their are many! Some animes are about relationships, pets or just life in general!" ]

[ "Anime", "Anime", "Anime" ]

[ "Common cold\nHey, I was wondering if you knew anything about the common cold?", "Defiantly my nose.It is very itchy. ", "oh no! is there anything I can do?", "I hope so, what else should I know?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Common cold __knowledge__ The common cold, also known simply as a cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The throat, sinuses, and larynx may also be affected.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms may appear less than two days after exposure to the virus.", "Common cold __knowledge__ These may include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, headache, and fever.", "Common cold __knowledge__ People usually recover in seven to ten days, but some symptoms may last up to three weeks.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Occasionally those with other health problems may develop pneumonia.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Well over 200 virus strains are implicated in causing the common cold, with rhinoviruses being the most common.", "Common cold __knowledge__ They spread through the air during close contact with infected people or indirectly through contact with objects in the environment, followed by transfer to the mouth or nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Risk factors include going to daycare, not sleeping well, and psychological stress.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The symptoms are mostly due to the body's immune response to the infection rather than to tissue destruction by the viruses themselves.", "Common cold __knowledge__ In contrast, those affected by influenza can show similar symptoms as people with a cold, but symptoms are usually more severe.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Additionally, the influenza is less likely to result in a runny nose.", "Alternative treatments used for the common cold __knowledge__ Alternative treatments used for the common cold include numerous home remedies and alternative medicines.", "Alternative treatments used for the common cold __knowledge__ Scientific research regarding the efficacy of each treatment is generally nonexistent or inconclusive.", "Alternative treatments used for the common cold __knowledge__ Current best evidence indicates prevention, including hand washing and neatness, and management of symptoms.", "Alternative treatments used for the common cold __knowledge__ Many believe that cold temperature can cause and therefore prevention of exposure to cold temperature can prevent the common cold.", "Alternative treatments used for the common cold __knowledge__ Evidence does not support this association.", "Alternative treatments used for the common cold __knowledge__ Vitamin C was identified in the early part of the previous century and there was much interest in its possible effects on various infections including the common cold.", "Vitamin C and the common cold __knowledge__ The common cold, or simply cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract.", "Vitamin C and the common cold __knowledge__ The cold is indeed common, and is a significant cause for absences from work and school.", "Vitamin C and the common cold __knowledge__ Even before the discovery of vitamin C, folklore had it that certain fruits were effective in both preventing and treating the cold.", "Vitamin C and the common cold __knowledge__ After scientific identification of vitamin C in the early part of the 20th century, research began into the possible effects of the vitamin against the common cold.", "Vitamin C and the common cold __knowledge__ Vitamin C has not decreased the frequency of colds in the general population, but it has halved the frequency of colds in people under heavy short-term physical stress.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and -ascorbic acid, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ The disease scurvy is prevented and treated with vitamin C-containing foods or dietary supplements.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Evidence does not support use in the general population for the prevention of the common cold.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ There is, however, some evidence that regular use may shorten the length of colds.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It is unclear if supplementation affects the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, or dementia.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ It may be taken by mouth or by injection.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Vitamin C is generally well tolerated.", "Vitamin C __knowledge__ Large doses may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, trouble sleeping, and flushing of the skin.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ SNOMED CT or SNOMED Clinical Terms is a systematically organized computer processable collection of medical terms providing codes, terms, synonyms and definitions used in clinical documentation and reporting.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ SNOMED CT is considered to be the most comprehensive, multilingual clinical healthcare terminology in the world.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ The primary purpose of SNOMED CT is to encode the meanings that are used in health information and to support the effective clinical recording of data with the aim of improving patient care.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ SNOMED CT provides the core general terminology for electronic health records.", "SNOMED CT __knowledge__ SNOMED CT comprehensive coverage includes: clinical findings, symptoms, diagnoses, procedures, body structures, organisms and other etiologies, substances, pharmaceuticals, devices and specimens.", "Vitamin C and the Common Cold (book) __knowledge__ Vitamin C and the Common Cold is a popular book by Linus Pauling, first published in 1970, on vitamin C, its interactions with common cold and the role of vitamin C megadosage in human health.", "Vitamin C and the Common Cold (book) __knowledge__ The book promoted the idea that taking large amounts of vitamin C could reduce the duration and severity of the common cold.", "Vitamin C and the Common Cold (book) __knowledge__ A Nobel Prize-winning chemist and activist, Pauling promoted a view of vitamin C that is strongly at odds with most of the scientific community, which found little evidence for the alleged health benefits of greatly increased vitamin C intake.", "Vitamin C and the Common Cold (book) __knowledge__ The book went through multiple editions, and a revised version that discussed the flu and other diseases, retitled Vitamin C, the Common Cold & the Flu, came out in 1976.", "Zinc and the common cold __knowledge__ The human rhinovirus – the most common viral pathogen in humans – is the predominant cause of the common cold.", "Zinc and the common cold __knowledge__ The hypothesized mechanism of action by which zinc reduces the severity and/or duration of cold symptoms is the suppression of nasal inflammation and the direct inhibition of rhinoviral receptor binding and rhinoviral replication in the nasal mucosa.", "Zinc and the common cold __knowledge__ A 2017 meta-analysis compared high dose (>75 mg/day elemental zinc) zinc acetate lozenges with zinc gluconate lozenges and found no evidence that the efficacy differs.", "Zinc and the common cold __knowledge__ In addition, there was no evidence that zinc doses >100 mg/day were more effective than zinc doses 80–92 mg/day." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Common cold __knowledge__ The common cold, also known simply as a cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The throat, sinuses, and larynx may also be affected.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms may appear less than two days after exposure to the virus.", "Common cold __knowledge__ These may include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, headache, and fever.", "Common cold __knowledge__ People usually recover in seven to ten days, but some symptoms may last up to three weeks.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Occasionally those with other health problems may develop pneumonia.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Well over 200 virus strains are implicated in causing the common cold, with rhinoviruses being the most common.", "Common cold __knowledge__ They spread through the air during close contact with infected people or indirectly through contact with objects in the environment, followed by transfer to the mouth or nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Risk factors include going to daycare, not sleeping well, and psychological stress.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The symptoms are mostly due to the body's immune response to the infection rather than to tissue destruction by the viruses themselves.", "Common cold __knowledge__ In contrast, those affected by influenza can show similar symptoms as people with a cold, but symptoms are usually more severe.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Additionally, the influenza is less likely to result in a runny nose.", "List of Itchy & Scratchy episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of the Itchy & Scratchy cartoons shown on \"The Simpsons\".", "List of Itchy & Scratchy episodes __knowledge__ There are currently 107 of them in total (some unnamed).", "List of Itchy & Scratchy episodes __knowledge__ Season 24 of \"The Simpsons\" has no Itchy & Scratchy cartoons.", "List of Itchy & Scratchy episodes __knowledge__ Title Pun: 100-Yard DashSimpsons Episode: \"Lisa's First Word\", Year: 1984, 1992Synopsis: At the Olympic Games, a fanfare is heard and the theme for \"Chariots of Fire\" plays.", "List of Itchy & Scratchy episodes __knowledge__ Scratchy participates in the 100-Yard Dash event.", "List of Itchy & Scratchy episodes __knowledge__ Shortly before the starting gun is sounded, Itchy drives a spike though Scratchy's tail with a sledgehammer, pinning Scratchy to the ground.", "List of Itchy & Scratchy episodes __knowledge__ Scratchy takes off skinless and wins the race.", "The Itchy & Scratchy Show __knowledge__ The Itchy & Scratchy Show (often shortened as Itchy & Scratchy) is a running gag and fictional animated television series featured in the American animated television series \"The Simpsons\".", "The Itchy & Scratchy Show __knowledge__ It usually appears as a part of \"The Krusty the Clown Show\", watched regularly by Bart Simpson and Lisa Simpson.", "The Itchy & Scratchy Show __knowledge__ Itself an animated cartoon, \"The Itchy & Scratchy Show\" depicts a sadistic anthropomorphic blue mouse, Itchy (voiced by Dan Castellaneta), who repeatedly maims and kills an anthropomorphic, hapless threadbare black cat, Scratchy (voiced by Harry Shearer).", "The Itchy & Scratchy Show __knowledge__ The cartoon first appeared in \"The Tracey Ullman Show\" short \"The Bart Simpson Show\", which originally aired November 20, 1988.", "Wish You Were Here (musical) __knowledge__ Wish You Were Here is a musical with a book by Arthur Kober and Joshua Logan and music and lyrics by Harold Rome.", "Wish You Were Here (musical) __knowledge__ The musical was adapted from Kober's 1937 play, \"Having Wonderful Time\", and revolves around a summer camp for adults.", "Wish You Were Here (musical) __knowledge__ ACT ONE The show opens with a P.A.", "Wish You Were Here (musical) __knowledge__ announcement welcoming a busload of new guests to Camp Karefree, a two-week summer camp for adults in the Catskills.", "Wish You Were Here (musical) __knowledge__ Camp host Lou Kandel gives the new comers, mostly women, the rundown of the place; first, he introduces the waiters, mostly college men.", "Wish You Were Here (musical) __knowledge__ Then he tells everyone the two rules - Camp Karefree cares for you, and when the lights flicker the girls go to the girls' side and the boys go to the boys'(\"Camp Karefree Song\").", "The Day the Violence Died __knowledge__ \"The Day the Violence Died\" is the eighteenth episode of \"The Simpsons\" seventh season.", "The Day the Violence Died __knowledge__ It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 17, 1996.", "The Day the Violence Died __knowledge__ It was written by John Swartzwelder and directed by Wes Archer.", "The Day the Violence Died __knowledge__ Kirk Douglas guest stars as Chester J. Lampwick, Alex Rocco as Roger Meyers Jr., Jack Sheldon as an anthropomorphic constitutional amendment, Suzanne Somers as herself, and Phil Hartman as Lionel Hutz.", "The Day the Violence Died __knowledge__ The end of the episode features Lester and Eliza, versions of Bart and Lisa Simpson that appeared in \"The Tracey Ullman Show\" in the 1980s.", "The Day the Violence Died __knowledge__ In the episode, Bart meets a homeless man named Chester J. Lampwick, who claims and successfully proves that he is the creator of Itchy from \"The Itchy & Scratchy Show\".", "Media in The Simpsons __knowledge__ Media is a recurring theme of satire on \"The Simpsons\".", "Media in The Simpsons __knowledge__ The show is known for its satire of American popular culture and especially television culture, but has since its inception covered all types of media such as animation, journalism, commercials, comic books, movies, internet, and music.", "Media in The Simpsons __knowledge__ The series centers on a family and their life in a typical American town but the town of Springfield acts as a complete universe.", "Media in The Simpsons __knowledge__ The town features a vast array of media channels—from kids' television programming to local news, which enables the producers to make jokes about themselves and the entertainment industry.", "Itchy & Scratchy: The Movie __knowledge__ \"Itchy & Scratchy: The Movie\" is the sixth episode of \"The Simpsons\"' fourth season.", "Itchy & Scratchy: The Movie __knowledge__ It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on November 3, 1992.", "Itchy & Scratchy: The Movie __knowledge__ The plot follows Bart continually getting in trouble, and how Homer is unable to give him any suitable punishment.", "Itchy & Scratchy: The Movie __knowledge__ Marge gets Homer to agree to make a punishment stick, and he forbids Bart to see the new \"Itchy & Scratchy\" movie, a punishment that Homer takes very seriously.", "Itchy & Scratchy: The Movie __knowledge__ It was written by John Swartzwelder and was directed by Rich Moore.", "Itchy & Scratchy: The Movie __knowledge__ Marge and Homer attend a parent-teacher night at Springfield Elementary School.", "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show __knowledge__ \"The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show\" is the fourteenth episode in the eighth season of the American animated television series \"The Simpsons\".", "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show __knowledge__ It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on February 9, 1997.", "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show __knowledge__ In the episode, \"The Itchy & Scratchy Show\" attempts to regain viewers by introducing a new character named Poochie, whose voice is provided by Homer.", "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show __knowledge__ The episode is largely self-referential and satirizes the world of television production, fans of \"The Simpsons\", and the series itself.", "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show __knowledge__ It was written by David X. Cohen and directed by Steven Dean Moore.", "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show __knowledge__ Alex Rocco is a credited guest voice as Roger Meyers, Jr. for the third and final time (having previously provided the character's voice in \"Itchy & Scratchy & Marge\" and \"The Day the Violence Died\"); Phil Hartman also guest stars as Troy McClure.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Upper respiratory tract infections (URI or URTI) are illnesses caused by an acute infection which involves the upper respiratory tract including the nose, sinuses, pharynx or larynx.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ This commonly includes nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, and the common cold.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Most infections are viral in nature and in other instances the cause is bacterial.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Upper respiratory tract infections can also be fungal or helminth in origin, but these are far less common.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ In 2015, 17.2 billion cases of upper respiratory infections occurred.", "Upper respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ As of 2014, upper respiratory infections caused about 3,000 deaths down from 4,000 in 1990.", "Respiratory tract __knowledge__ In humans, the respiratory tract is the part of the anatomy of the respiratory system involved with the process of respiration.", "Respiratory tract __knowledge__ Air is breathed in through the nose or the mouth.", "Respiratory tract __knowledge__ In the nasal cavity, a layer of mucous membrane acts as a filter and traps pollutants and other harmful substances found in the air.", "Respiratory tract __knowledge__ Next, air moves into the pharynx, a passage that contains the intersection between the esophagus and the larynx.", "Respiratory tract __knowledge__ The opening of the larynx has a special flap of cartilage, the epiglottis, that opens to allow air to pass through but closes to prevent food from moving into the airway.", "Respiratory tract __knowledge__ From the larynx, air moves into the trachea and down to the intersection that branches to form the right and left primary (main) bronchi.", "Respiratory disease __knowledge__ Respiratory disease is a medical term that encompasses pathological conditions affecting the organs and tissues that make gas exchange possible in higher organisms, and includes conditions of the upper respiratory tract, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, pleura and pleural cavity, and the nerves and muscles of breathing.", "Respiratory disease __knowledge__ Respiratory diseases range from mild and self-limiting, such as the common cold, to life-threatening entities like bacterial pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, acute asthma and lung cancer.", "Respiratory disease __knowledge__ The study of respiratory disease is known as pulmonology.", "Respiratory disease __knowledge__ A doctor who specializes in respiratory disease is known as a pulmonologist, a chest medicine specialist, a respiratory medicine specialist, a respirologist or a thoracic medicine specialist.", "Respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Respiratory tract infection (RTI) refers to any of a number of infectious diseases involving the respiratory tract.", "Respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ An infection of this type is normally further classified as an upper respiratory tract infection (URI or URTI) or a lower respiratory tract infection (LRI or LRTI).", "Respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Lower respiratory infections, such as pneumonia, tend to be far more serious conditions than upper respiratory infections, such as the common cold.", "Respiratory tract infection __knowledge__ Although some disagreement exists on the exact boundary between the upper and lower respiratory tracts, the upper respiratory tract is generally considered to be the airway above the glottis or vocal cords." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Common cold __knowledge__ The common cold, also known simply as a cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The throat, sinuses, and larynx may also be affected.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms may appear less than two days after exposure to the virus.", "Common cold __knowledge__ These may include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, headache, and fever.", "Common cold __knowledge__ People usually recover in seven to ten days, but some symptoms may last up to three weeks.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Occasionally those with other health problems may develop pneumonia.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Well over 200 virus strains are implicated in causing the common cold, with rhinoviruses being the most common.", "Common cold __knowledge__ They spread through the air during close contact with infected people or indirectly through contact with objects in the environment, followed by transfer to the mouth or nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Risk factors include going to daycare, not sleeping well, and psychological stress.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The symptoms are mostly due to the body's immune response to the infection rather than to tissue destruction by the viruses themselves.", "Common cold __knowledge__ In contrast, those affected by influenza can show similar symptoms as people with a cold, but symptoms are usually more severe.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Additionally, the influenza is less likely to result in a runny nose.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ There is also a four-episode OVA sequel.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ \"Anime Midstream\", Inc. announced in December, 2008, that it acquired the license for and planned to release the anime series Matchless Raijin-Oh in the U.S. sometime in 2009 as their first anime release.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The company began selling the first volume of the series direct from their website, as well as several other online retailers as of late December, 2009.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The first volume contained episodes 1-5.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The second volume, containing episodes 6-10, was released in September 2010, and translated the title beginning with this volume (and current printings of the first volume are now also marketed under that title).", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Two anime adaptations were produced; one by Toei Animation, which aired from April 4, 1998 to October 10, 1998, and another produced by NAS and animated by Studio Gallop titled \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Duel Monsters\", which aired between April 2000 and September 2004.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ The manga series has spawned a franchise that includes multiple spin-off manga and anime series, a trading card game, and numerous video games.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Most of the incarnations of the franchise involve the fictional trading card game known as \"Duel Monsters\", where each player uses cards to \"duel\" each other in a mock battle of fantasy \"monsters\".", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ This forms the basis for the real life \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on its Model 206A JetRanger helicopter.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 was in continuous U.S. Army service from 1969 to 2017, when it was retired and replaced in this role by the Boeing AH-64 Apache.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The latest model, the \"OH-58D Kiowa Warrior\", is primarily operated in an armed reconnaissance role in support of ground troops.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 has been exported to Austria, Canada, Croatia, the Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Greece.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It consists of an oxygen and hydrogen atom held together by a covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It is an important but usually minor constituent of water.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It functions as a base, a ligand, a nucleophile and a catalyst.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ The hydroxide ion forms salts, some of which dissociate in aqueous solution, liberating solvated hydroxide ions.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Sodium hydroxide is a multi-million-ton per annum commodity chemical.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ A hydroxide attached to a strongly electropositive center may itself ionize, liberating a hydrogen cation (H), making the parent compound an acid.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "David Oh __knowledge__ David H. Oh is a member of the City Council of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh was elected in November 2011 and re-elected in November 2015, and was the first Asian-American elected to public office in Philadelphia.", "David Oh __knowledge__ He is the only U.S. military veteran currently serving on the city council.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh was born in Philadelphia.", "David Oh __knowledge__ He has lived on the same block in Southwest Philadelphia since 1963.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh's father, the late Rev.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Ki Hang Oh, founded Philadelphia’s first Korean-American church in 1953 and served as its Pastor until his death in 2006.", "David Oh __knowledge__ In 1958, Oh’s cousin, In Ho Oh, a graduate student at the University of Pennsylvania, was murdered by a group of teenage boys while mailing a letter to his parents.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series The Boys, created by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The Boys are a CIA black ops team, initially created by Col. Greg Mallory to manage, police, and sometimes liquidate Vought-American's superhumans.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ While this is in part to help protect normal humans from the actions of the largely out of control \"supes,\" this is also to ensure that the company lack the stability or the platform to push the use of superhumans in national defense.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ Over time, however, the team's focus was changed, due to Butcher's increased influence, from one of management and containment to one of direct confrontation.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ Dirty Work is the fourth studio album by American rock band All Time Low.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ Following the success of \"Nothing Personal\" in mid-2009, the band signed to major label Interscope Records in November of that year.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ During the next month, the band began writing for their \"Dirty Work\" and ended up demoing 20 songs.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ After spending sometime writing material in Los Angeles, the band started recording their fourth album with Mike Green in March 2010.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ Over the following months the band recorded songs with John Fields, Butch Walker, Matt Squire, David Kahne and U4L.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ In between sessions, the band embarked on the Bamboozle Roadshow tour.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ The great horned owl (\"Bubo virginianus\"), also known as the tiger owl (originally derived from early naturalists' description as the \"winged tiger\" or \"tiger of the air\") or the hoot owl, is a large owl native to the Americas.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ It is an extremely adaptable bird with a vast range and is the most widely distributed true owl in the Americas.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ Its primary diet is rabbits and hares, rats and mice and voles, although it freely hunts any animal it can overtake, including rodents and other small mammals, larger mid-sized mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and invertebrates.", "Great horned owl __knowledge__ In ornithological study, the great horned owl is often compared to the Eurasian eagle-owl (\"Bubo bubo\"), a closely related species which, despite the latter's notably larger size, occupies the same ecological niche in Eurasia, and the red-tailed hawk (\"Buteo jamaicensis\"), with which it often shares similar habitat, prey and nesting habits by day and is thus something of a diurnal ecological equivalent.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken was a band from Melbourne, Australia, which formed in 1999 and disbanded in 2007.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were one of Australia's most well-known ska bands and one of the most popular Christian bands in the country.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were signed to Boomtown Records.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken's musical style included a blend of Ska, Hardcore, Reggae & Rock.The band placed a high emphasis on touring and were known for their \"high energy\" live performances.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken shared stages and toured with such bands, including Reel Big Fish, Mad Caddies, Crowned King, Hilltop Hoods, Kisschasy, Area-7, Gyroscope, Bodyjar, 28 Days, Killing Heidi, The O.C.", "Body Language (Kylie Minogue album) __knowledge__ Body Language is the ninth studio album by Australian singer Kylie Minogue, released on 10 November 2003 by Parlophone.", "Body Language (Kylie Minogue album) __knowledge__ Following the massive commercial success of her eighth studio album \"Fever\" (2001), Minogue enlisted a diverse group of writers and producers to aid in creating a new album, including Cathy Dennis, Dan Carey, Emiliana Torrini, Johnny Douglas, and Kurtis Mantronik among others.", "Body Language (Kylie Minogue album) __knowledge__ Influenced by the musical works of the 1980s and artists like Prince and Scritti Politti, \"Body Language\" musically differs from Minogue's previous albums, which mainly featured disco-oriented dance-pop tracks, and instead explores genres like synthpop, electroclash, R&B, and hip hop.", "Eurasian eagle-owl __knowledge__ The Eurasian eagle-owl (\"Bubo bubo\") is a species of eagle-owl that resides in much of Eurasia.", "Eurasian eagle-owl __knowledge__ It is also called the European eagle-owl and in Europe, it is occasionally abbreviated to just eagle-owl.", "Eurasian eagle-owl __knowledge__ It is one of the largest species of owl, and females can grow to a total length of 75 cm (30 in), with a wingspan of 188 cm (6 ft 2 in), males being slightly smaller.", "Eurasian eagle-owl __knowledge__ This bird has distinctive ear tufts, with upper parts that are mottled with darker blackish colouring and tawny.", "Eurasian eagle-owl __knowledge__ The wings and tail are barred.", "Eurasian eagle-owl __knowledge__ The underparts are a variably hued buff, streaked with darker colour.", "Eurasian eagle-owl __knowledge__ The facial disc is poorly developed and the orange eyes are distinctive.", "Diphtheria __knowledge__ Diphtheria is an infection caused by the bacterium \"Corynebacterium diphtheriae\".", "Diphtheria __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms may vary from mild to severe.", "Diphtheria __knowledge__ They usually start two to five days after exposure.", "Diphtheria __knowledge__ Symptoms often come on fairly gradually, beginning with a sore throat and fever.", "Diphtheria __knowledge__ In severe cases, a grey or white patch develops in the throat.", "Diphtheria __knowledge__ This can block the airway and create a barking cough as in croup.", "Diphtheria __knowledge__ The neck may swell in part due to enlarged lymph nodes.", "Diphtheria __knowledge__ A form of diphtheria that involves the skin, eyes, or genitals also exists.", "Diphtheria __knowledge__ Complications may include myocarditis, inflammation of nerves, kidney problems, and bleeding problems due to low levels of platelets.", "Nymphetamine __knowledge__ Nymphetamine is the sixth studio album by English extreme metal band Cradle of Filth.", "Nymphetamine __knowledge__ Recorded between February and July 2004, it was released on 28 September by record label Roadrunner.", "Nymphetamine __knowledge__ \"Nymphetamine\" marks the first recorded appearance of guitarist James McIlroy (as \"Germs Warfare\") on a Cradle of Filth album.", "Nymphetamine __knowledge__ He would later record guitar for the band's 2010 release \"Darkly, Darkly, Venus Aversa\".", "Nymphetamine __knowledge__ \"Nymphetamine\" is also the band's final album to feature keyboardist Martin Powell.", "Nymphetamine __knowledge__ The title is a portmanteau of \"nymphette\" and \"amphetamine\", and Dani Filth explained it as referring to \"a drug-like addiction to the woman in question, with her insidious vampire qualities literally bringing her lover back from the brink of the spiritual grave, only to bury him further on the strength of a whim." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Common cold __knowledge__ The common cold, also known simply as a cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The throat, sinuses, and larynx may also be affected.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms may appear less than two days after exposure to the virus.", "Common cold __knowledge__ These may include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, headache, and fever.", "Common cold __knowledge__ People usually recover in seven to ten days, but some symptoms may last up to three weeks.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Occasionally those with other health problems may develop pneumonia.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Well over 200 virus strains are implicated in causing the common cold, with rhinoviruses being the most common.", "Common cold __knowledge__ They spread through the air during close contact with infected people or indirectly through contact with objects in the environment, followed by transfer to the mouth or nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Risk factors include going to daycare, not sleeping well, and psychological stress.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The symptoms are mostly due to the body's immune response to the infection rather than to tissue destruction by the viruses themselves.", "Common cold __knowledge__ In contrast, those affected by influenza can show similar symptoms as people with a cold, but symptoms are usually more severe.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Additionally, the influenza is less likely to result in a runny nose.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ \"Avengers vs. X-Men\" (abbreviated \"AvX'\" and \"AvsX\") is a 2012 crossover event that was featured in comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ The event, consisting of an eponymous limited series and numerous tie-in books, involves the return of the Phoenix Force and the subsequent war between the Avengers and the X-Men.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ The 12-issue twice-monthly series was first published in April 2012, and features a storyline by Jason Aaron, Brian Michael Bendis, Ed Brubaker, Jonathan Hickman and Matt Fraction, with a rotating team of artists including John Romita, Jr., Olivier Coipel and Adam Kubert.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ The event was preceded by the four-issue limited series \"Avengers: X-Sanction\" by Jeph Loeb and Ed McGuinness and \"Avengers vs. X-Men #0\".", "Hope Summers (comics) __knowledge__ Hope Summers is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Hope Summers (comics) __knowledge__ The superheroine first appeared in \"X-Men\" #205 in 2007 (Chapter five of the \"\" storyline).", "Hope Summers (comics) __knowledge__ She is the first mutant born after the events of the \"House of M\" and \"Decimation\" storyline.", "Hope Summers (comics) __knowledge__ Hope is the first mutant to be born after the Decimation, an event in which the Scarlet Witch uses her reality-altering superpower to turn all but 198 of the world's mutants into regular, depowered humans.", "Hope Summers (comics) __knowledge__ The moment Hope is born, the mutant-locating computer Cerebro explodes, and soon afterwards the hunt for her begins.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John Lawrence McKenzie (October 9, 1910 – March 2, 1991) was born on October 9, 1910, in Brazil, Indiana, the first of the six children of Myra (Daly) and Harry McKenzie.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie became the premier Catholic Biblical scholar of the mid-twentieth century; indeed, John Courtney Murray, SJ, wrote that John McKenzie was \"the best Catholic theologian he knew of in the United States.\"", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie was interested in the Jesuits from an early age.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ At some significant sacrifice to his family, he was enrolled in a Jesuit boarding high school in St. Mary’s, Kansas, where he came first in his class three out of his four years there.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Wyatt Spencer __knowledge__ Wyatt Spencer is a fictional character from the original CBS Daytime soap opera, \"The Bold and the Beautiful\", portrayed by Darin Brooks.", "Wyatt Spencer __knowledge__ Created and introduced by executive producer Brad Bell in 2013, Wyatt is the previously unknown oldest son of Bill Spencer, Jr. (Don Diamont) and Quinn Fuller (Rena Sofer).", "Wyatt Spencer __knowledge__ In addition to expanding the Spencer family, Wyatt immediately becomes a rival for his half-brother, Liam Spencer for their father's affections and the affections of Liam's longtime love, Hope Logan (Kim Matula).", "Wyatt Spencer __knowledge__ Wyatt is raised by his single mother, Quinn, and becomes accustomed to doing anything to survive.", "Naning War __knowledge__ The Naning War, also known as the Naning conflict or the Naning revolt, occurred between 1831 and 1832 in the territories surrounding the city of Malacca.", "Naning War __knowledge__ The conflict was fought between the British East India Company (EIC), which had taken over Malacca and its surrounding lands from the Dutch in 1824, and the Malay chiefdom of Naning which bordered Malacca.", "Naning War __knowledge__ Various issues contributed to the conflict.", "Naning War __knowledge__ These include the growing British interests in the Malay Peninsula as well as different understanding of the extent of British jurisdiction over and right to impose taxation on Naning.", "Naning War __knowledge__ The British defeated Naning following two military expeditions and fully incorporated the territory under Malacca's jurisdiction.", "Battle of Flers–Courcelette __knowledge__ The Battle of Flers–Courcelette was fought during the Battle of the Somme in France, by the French Sixth Army and the British Fourth Army and Reserve Army, against the German 1st Army, during the First World War.", "Battle of Flers–Courcelette __knowledge__ The Anglo-French attack of 15 September began the third period of the Battle of the Somme but by its conclusion on 22 September, the strategic objective of a decisive victory had not been achieved.", "Battle of Flers–Courcelette __knowledge__ The infliction of many casualties on the German front divisions and the capture of the villages of Courcelette, Martinpuich and Flers had been a considerable tactical victory but the German defensive success on the British right flank, made exploitation and the use of cavalry impossible.", "Smith Brothers __knowledge__ The Smith Brothers were makers of the first cough drops produced and advertised in the United States, becoming one of the most famous brands in the country in its day.", "Smith Brothers __knowledge__ William Wallace Smith I (1830–1913) and Andrew Smith (1836–1895) were the sons of James Smith (c1800-1866) of Poughkeepsie, New York.", "Smith Brothers __knowledge__ James' family had emigrated from Fife, Scotland, to Canada in 1831, and James from St. Armand, Quebec, to the U.S. in 1847.", "Smith Brothers __knowledge__ In New York, James opened an ice cream shop called \"James Smith and Son.\"", "Smith Brothers __knowledge__ James Smith bought a cough drop recipe from a journeyman peddler named Sly Hawkins and in 1852 made his first batch of \"Smith Brothers Cough Drops\".", "Halls (cough drop) __knowledge__ Halls is the brand name of a popular mentholated cough drop.", "Halls (cough drop) __knowledge__ Halls cough drops (categorized as a cough suppressant/oral anesthetic by the manufacturer) are sold by the Cadbury-Adams Division of Cadbury, now owned by Mondelēz International, and have long been advertised as featuring \"Vapor Action\".", "Halls (cough drop) __knowledge__ Halls was first made in the 1930s in Stanley Road, Whitefield, Lancashire, United Kingdom by the Halls Brothers company (founded 1893).", "Halls (cough drop) __knowledge__ Halls Brothers was acquired by Warner-Lambert in 1964.", "Halls (cough drop) __knowledge__ Production in Whitefield ceased in the late 1980s.", "Halls (cough drop) __knowledge__ When Pfizer acquired Warner-Lambert in 2000, the Halls brand came with the entire Adams portfolio (which included Trident gum, Dentyne, Chiclets and Freshen Up, among others).", "City of London Rifles __knowledge__ The City of London Rifles (CLR) was a volunteer regiment of the British Army, originally raised as the 'Printers' Battalion'.", "City of London Rifles __knowledge__ It saw a great deal of action as an infantry regiment in World War I.", "City of London Rifles __knowledge__ During World War II it served in the air defence role, first as a searchlight regiment in the United Kingdom, and later as an anti-aircraft artillery regiment in .", "City of London Rifles __knowledge__ The 2nd City of London Rifle Volunteer Corps (RVC), founded in 1860, was one of many RVCs raised as a result of an invasion scare the previous year.", "City of London Rifles __knowledge__ Based in Little New Street and recruiting in the Fleet Street and Farringdon Road area of the City of London, it was known as the 'Printers’ Battalion', drawing volunteers mainly from the nearby printing works of Eyre & Spottiswoode; later two companies were provided by Harmsworth's Associated Newspapers, publisher of the \"Daily Mail\".", "Dol Said __knowledge__ Dol Said or in full Dato' Abdul Said was a 19th-century Malay leader of an area called Naning, which was then part of Malacca on the Malay Peninsula.", "Dol Said __knowledge__ He opposed taxation by the British's taxation policy in the area and refused to pay it.", "Dol Said __knowledge__ This was a direct cause of a conflict known as the Naning War.", "Dol Said __knowledge__ Dol Said's defiance led the British to send 150 soldiers led by Captain Wyllie to capture Naning in early August 1831.", "Dol Said __knowledge__ Naning however successfully defended itself-guerrilla style- with aid from other Malay allies, which includes Seri Menanti, Rembau, Sungai Ujong, Johol and Muar.", "Dol Said __knowledge__ The British realised that Naning could not be easily attacked and requested reinforcement from the Yamtuan Muda Raja Ali in Rembau.", "William H. Luden __knowledge__ William Henry Luden (March 5, 1859 in Reading, Pennsylvania – May 8, 1949 in Atlantic City, New Jersey) was the developer of the menthol cough drop, and founder of the Luden's company and brand.", "William H. Luden __knowledge__ Luden launched a backroom candy business in 1879 in the rear of his father's jewelry shop at 35 N. 5th St. in Reading, Pennsylvania, his \"factory\" was his family's kitchen.", "William H. Luden __knowledge__ An early product was \"moshie,\" a Pennsylvania Dutch (German-American) candy made with brown sugar and molasses.", "William H. Luden __knowledge__ Luden collaborated with a pharmacist to develop a cough drop formula.", "William H. Luden __knowledge__ He colored his cough drops amber instead of the red associated with cough drops at the time." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 80, 67 ]

[ "Is it making your nose itchy or affecting your upper respiratory?", "That definitely sounds like a cold. Your throat may be itchhy soon too.", "Well aside from using a cough drop, not really. It may be mild or severe for a few days.", "Halls cough drops always work for me." ]

[ "Common cold", "Common cold", "Common cold", "Common cold" ]

[ "Mile run\nI like to speedrun miles under 5 minutes.", "No actually running a mile.", "categories are actually the same, but just normally running a mile for me to beat my own time.", "Actually no but that is nice of to know." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mile run __knowledge__ The mile run (1,760 yards or exactly 1,609.344 metres) is a middle-distance foot race.", "Mile run __knowledge__ The history of the mile run event began in England, where it was used as a distance for gambling races.", "Mile run __knowledge__ It survived track and field's switch to metric distances in the 1900s and retained its popularity, with the chase for the four-minute mile in the 1950s a high point for the race.", "Mile run __knowledge__ In spite of the roughly equivalent 1500 metres race, the mile run is present in all fields of athletics and it remains the only imperial distance for which the IAAF records an official world record.", "Mile run __knowledge__ Although the mile does not feature at any major championship competition, the Wanamaker Mile, Dream Mile, and Bowerman Mile races are among the foremost annual middle-distance races indoors and outdoors, respectively.", "Mile run __knowledge__ The current mile world record holders are Morocco's Hicham El Guerrouj with 3:43.13 and Svetlana Masterkova of Russia with the women's record of 4:12.56.", "Mile run __knowledge__ The distance of the English mile gained its current definition of 1,760 yards through a statute of the Parliament of England in 1593.", "Mile run __knowledge__ Thus, the history of the mile run began in England and it initially found usage within the wagered running contests of the 18th and 19th century.", "Tool-assisted speedrun __knowledge__ A tool-assisted speedrun or tool-assisted superplay (TAS) is a set sequence of controller inputs used to perform a task in a video game.", "Tool-assisted speedrun __knowledge__ The input sequence is usually created by emulating the game and using tools such as slow motion, frame-by-frame advance, memory watch, and save states to create an extremely precise series of inputs.", "Tool-assisted speedrun __knowledge__ The idea is not to make gameplay easier for players, but rather to produce a demonstration of gameplay that would be practically impossible for a human.", "Tool-assisted speedrun __knowledge__ Tool-assisted speedruns often feature gameplay that would otherwise be impossible or prohibitively difficult to perform in real time.", "Speedrun __knowledge__ A speedrun is a play-through (or a recording thereof) of a video game performed with the intention of completing it as fast as possible.", "Speedrun __knowledge__ Speedruns may cover a whole game or a selected part, such as a single level.", "Speedrun __knowledge__ While all speedruns aim for quick completion, some speedruns are characterized by additional rules that players promise to obey, such as collecting all key items.", "Speedrun __knowledge__ Players attempt speedruns mainly to challenge themselves and to entertain and compete with others.", "Speedrun __knowledge__ Players performing speedruns call themselves speedrunners and often record their attempts.", "Speedrun __knowledge__ These recordings are used to entertain others, to verify the completion time, to certify that all rules were followed and that no cheating took place, and to spot ways to improve the completion time further.", "Summer Games Done Quick 2016 __knowledge__ Summer Games Done Quick 2016 (sometimes abbreviated as SGDQ 2016) was a speedrun charity marathon hosted by the Speedruns Live community on 3–9 July, 2016.", "Summer Games Done Quick 2016 __knowledge__ Held at the Hilton Minneapolis Downtown in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the event consisted of 177 consecutive speedruns, spread over seven days.", "Summer Games Done Quick 2016 __knowledge__ Participants played through a large variation of video games, including games in the \"Super Mario\" and \"The Elder Scrolls\" series.", "Summer Games Done Quick 2016 __knowledge__ The event included multiple races, blindfolded play-throughs, and two \"Tetris\" competitions.", "Summer Games Done Quick 2016 __knowledge__ Summer games Done Quick 2016 raised $1,297,924.44 USD for Doctors Without Borders, a slight improvement over the 2015's Summer marathon.", "List of Super Mario speedrunning records __knowledge__ The platform games of the \"Super Mario\" series of video games are very common speedrunning candidates.", "List of Super Mario speedrunning records __knowledge__ This is a list of speedrunning records of the mainline Super Mario\" video games.\"", "List of Super Mario speedrunning records __knowledge__ By use of various glitches and shortcuts, \"Super Mario Bros.\" (1985) can be beaten in around five minutes.", "List of Super Mario speedrunning records __knowledge__ The records below are achieved without tool-assistance, meaning the movement of Mario is entirely carried out via a gamepad.", "List of Super Mario speedrunning records __knowledge__ darbian noted that his 2015 record still wasn't perfect, as he could still save some time in level 4-2, though he stated that besides this, \"there is no other time save that a human has ever done (even in practice) prior to 8-4.\"", "List of video games notable for speedrunning __knowledge__ Speedruns are popular for a large variety of games.", "List of video games notable for speedrunning __knowledge__ Most high-level speedruns have been performed by members of online communities.", "List of video games notable for speedrunning __knowledge__ The speedrunning community originated on discussion forums in the late 90s and early 2000s, where the fastest routes through early first-person shooters were discussed.", "List of video games notable for speedrunning __knowledge__ Later-on, as speedrunning became more popular, specific video games became known as common speedrunning candidates.", "List of video games notable for speedrunning __knowledge__ Some modern indie games are explicitly designed for speedrunning.", "List of video games notable for speedrunning __knowledge__ December 1993 saw the release of id Software's \"Doom\".", "List of video games notable for speedrunning __knowledge__ Among some of its major features, like at that time unparalleled graphics, LAN- and Internet-based multiplayer support, and user modification possibilities, it also gave the players the ability to record demo files of their playthrough.", "Speed Demos Archive __knowledge__ Speed Demos Archive (commonly known as simply SDA) is a website dedicated to video game speedruns.", "Speed Demos Archive __knowledge__ SDA's primary focus is hosting downloadable, high-quality speedrun videos, and currently has runs of over eleven hundred games, with more being added on a regular basis.", "Speed Demos Archive __knowledge__ SDA also hosts two annual speedrunning charity marathons, Awesome Games Done Quick and Summer Games Done Quick.", "Speed Demos Archive __knowledge__ It has so far hosted thirteen marathons, and has raised over $10 million for various charities, with the most successful so far being Awesome Games Done Quick 2017, which raised over $2.2 million for the Prevent Cancer Foundation.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ The Tipperary County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) () is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Tipperary and the Tipperary inter-county teams.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ County Tipperary holds an honoured place in the history of the GAA as the organisation was founded in Hayes' Hotel, Thurles, on 1 November 1884.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ There follows details of the events of its history and the achievements of its inter county teams.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ Tipperary is known as 'The Premier County'.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ The county team has had many first and unique achievements in the world of GAA.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ 1887- The inaugural All-Ireland senior hurling final was played on Easter Sunday 1888 in Birr, County Offaly." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mile run __knowledge__ The mile run (1,760 yards or exactly 1,609.344 metres) is a middle-distance foot race.", "Mile run __knowledge__ The history of the mile run event began in England, where it was used as a distance for gambling races.", "Mile run __knowledge__ It survived track and field's switch to metric distances in the 1900s and retained its popularity, with the chase for the four-minute mile in the 1950s a high point for the race.", "Mile run __knowledge__ In spite of the roughly equivalent 1500 metres race, the mile run is present in all fields of athletics and it remains the only imperial distance for which the IAAF records an official world record.", "Mile run __knowledge__ Although the mile does not feature at any major championship competition, the Wanamaker Mile, Dream Mile, and Bowerman Mile races are among the foremost annual middle-distance races indoors and outdoors, respectively.", "Mile run __knowledge__ The current mile world record holders are Morocco's Hicham El Guerrouj with 3:43.13 and Svetlana Masterkova of Russia with the women's record of 4:12.56.", "Mile run __knowledge__ The distance of the English mile gained its current definition of 1,760 yards through a statute of the Parliament of England in 1593.", "Mile run __knowledge__ Thus, the history of the mile run began in England and it initially found usage within the wagered running contests of the 18th and 19th century.", "RINEX __knowledge__ In the field of geodesy, Receiver Independent Exchange Format (RINEX) is a data interchange format for raw satellite navigation system data.", "RINEX __knowledge__ This allows the user to post-process the received data to produce a more accurate result — usually with other data unknown to the original receiver, such as better models of the atmospheric conditions at time of measurement.", "RINEX __knowledge__ The final output of a navigation receiver is usually its position, speed or other related physical quantities.", "RINEX __knowledge__ However, the calculation of these quantities are based on a series of measurements from one or more satellite constellations.", "Budak Kelantan __knowledge__ Budak Kelantan (Kelantan Boy) is a 2008 Malaysian drama film that captures the cultural relativism of Malaysians on Kelantanese migrant since urbanization of Kuala Lumpur.", "Budak Kelantan __knowledge__ The main theme is a dramatization of a group of Kelantanese adults in their early 20s whom relocated to Kuala Lumpur, sets in 1990s, between the life of 2 long-lost friends from rural areas of Kelantan whom now are living in Kuala Lumpur and currently stand in difference social status.", "Budak Kelantan __knowledge__ Some of the movie scenes were filmed strategically in one of many popular hangouts spot in Kuala Lumpur for both local and foreigners in 1990s, which are Central Market, Kotaraya Complex, Pertama Complex and defunct Klang Bus Stands which are now less favored beginning the year of 2000 after a successful crowd-puller establishment of many newly opened shopping malls and tourist destination which mainly concentrated in other part of Kuala Lumpur including Bukit Bintang, Bangsar and Jalan Ampang.", "Telecommunications in Rwanda __knowledge__ Telecommunications in Rwanda include radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet.", "Telecommunications in Rwanda __knowledge__ Two government-appointed regulatory bodies, the Rwanda Information Technology Authority under the Rwanda Development Board, and the Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Agency (RURA), supervise the regulatory frameworks and implementation of the county’s policies and strategies in the telecommunications sector.", "Telecommunications in Rwanda __knowledge__ RURA is a national body with autonomy in its administrative and financial management.", "Telecommunications in Rwanda __knowledge__ However, its seven board members, supervisory board, and the managing director are nominated by and work under full control of the government.", "DJR Team Penske __knowledge__ DJR Team Penske (formerly Dick Johnson Racing) is Australia's oldest motor racing team competing in the Supercars Championship.", "DJR Team Penske __knowledge__ Founded by Dick Johnson, the team's drivers have won seven Australian Touring Car Championship titles (five of them by Johnson himself) and the team has taken three victories in Australia's premier race, the Bathurst 1000.", "DJR Team Penske __knowledge__ The Gold Coast based team campaigns two Ford FG X Falcons in the Supercars Championship, one bearing Dick Johnson's long standing racing number 17.", "DJR Team Penske __knowledge__ Fabian Coulthard and Scott McLaughlin are the team's current drivers.", "DJR Team Penske __knowledge__ The team has strongly identified itself with an image as a battler Queenslanders, frequently racing with state maps on the car.", "Farm to Market Road 1776 __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1776 (FM 1776) is a Farm to Market Road in the U.S. state of Texas maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "Farm to Market Road 1776 __knowledge__ The road begins at a junction with Interstate 10 (I-10) and U.S. Highway 67 (US 67) in Pecos County west of Fort Stockton and extends northward through the town of Coyanosa before ending at State Highway 18 (SH 18) in Ward County south of Monahans.", "Farm to Market Road 1776 __knowledge__ The road has an interchange with US 285 northeast of Fort Stockton.", "Farm to Market Road 1776 __knowledge__ Before the road was established, TxDOT had previously assigned the road's numerical designation to two other roads in eastern Texas.", "Farm to Market Road 1776 __knowledge__ FM 1776 begins at I-10 Exit 248 as a northward extension of the US 67 roadway which approaches from the southwest from Alpine and merges with I-10.", "Andretti curse __knowledge__ The Andretti Curse, sometimes referred to as Andretti Luck, is a superstition in reference to a seemingly perpetual string of bad luck the Andretti racing family has experienced in their efforts to win the Indianapolis 500.", "Andretti curse __knowledge__ Similar to other sports-related \"curses\" or droughts, the Andretti Curse is a considered a tongue-in-cheek reference, popularized and often sensationalized in racing circles by the media, particularly during the Month of May at Indy.", "Andretti curse __knowledge__ Patriarch and auto racing legend Mario Andretti won the race only once (1969).", "Andretti curse __knowledge__ In victory lane, prolific car owner Andy Granatelli planted a kiss on the young Andretti's cheek.", "Interstate 280 (California) __knowledge__ Interstate 280 (I-280) is a 57-mile (92-km) long north–south Interstate Highway in the San Francisco Bay Area of Northern California.", "Interstate 280 (California) __knowledge__ It connects San Jose and San Francisco, running just to the west of the larger cities of San Francisco Peninsula for most of its route.", "Interstate 280 (California) __knowledge__ From I-880 to State Route 1 in Daly City, I-280 was built and dedicated as the Junipero Serra Freeway, after the Spanish Franciscan friar who founded the first nine of 21 Spanish missions in California from San Diego to San Francisco.", "Interstate 280 (California) __knowledge__ One of the dedication signs (in Daly City) still indicates that the \"Junipero Serra Freeway\" is known as the \"World's Most Beautiful Freeway\" due to its scenic route through the San Francisco Peninsula.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Video game music __knowledge__ Video game music is the soundtrack that accompanies video games.", "Video game music __knowledge__ Early video game music was once limited to simple melodies of early sound synthesizer technology.", "Video game music __knowledge__ These limitations inspired the style of music known as chiptunes, which combines simple melodic styles with more complex patterns or traditional music styles, and became the most popular sound of the first video games.", "Video game music __knowledge__ With advances in technology, video game music has now grown to include the same breadth and complexity associated with television and film scores, allowing for much more creative freedom.", "Video game music __knowledge__ While simple synthesizer pieces are still common, game music now includes full orchestral pieces and popular music.", "Speedrun __knowledge__ A speedrun is a play-through (or a recording thereof) of a video game performed with the intention of completing it as fast as possible.", "Speedrun __knowledge__ Speedruns may cover a whole game or a selected part, such as a single level.", "Speedrun __knowledge__ While all speedruns aim for quick completion, some speedruns are characterized by additional rules that players promise to obey, such as collecting all key items.", "Speedrun __knowledge__ Players attempt speedruns mainly to challenge themselves and to entertain and compete with others.", "Speedrun __knowledge__ Players performing speedruns call themselves speedrunners and often record their attempts.", "Speedrun __knowledge__ These recordings are used to entertain others, to verify the completion time, to certify that all rules were followed and that no cheating took place, and to spot ways to improve the completion time further.", "Role-playing video game __knowledge__ A role-playing video game (commonly referred to as role-playing game or RPG, as well as computer role-playing game or CRPG) is a video game genre where the player controls the actions of a character (and/or several party members) immersed in some well-defined world.", "Role-playing video game __knowledge__ Many role-playing video games have origins in tabletop role-playing games (Including \"Dungeons & Dragons\") and use much of the same , settings and game mechanics.", "Role-playing video game __knowledge__ Other major similarities with pen-and-paper games include developed story-telling and narrative elements, player character development, complexity, as well as replayability and immersion.", "Video game controversies __knowledge__ Video game controversies are societal and scientific arguments about whether the content of video games change the behavior and attitudes of a player, and whether this is reflected in video game culture overall.", "Video game controversies __knowledge__ Since the early 2000s, advocates of video games have emphasized their use as an expressive medium, arguing for their protection under the laws governing freedom of speech and also as an educational tool.", "Video game controversies __knowledge__ Detractors argue that video games are harmful and therefore should be subject to legislative oversight and restrictions.", "Video game controversies __knowledge__ The positive and negative characteristics and effects of video games are the subject of scientific study.", "GLaDOS __knowledge__ GLaDOS (Genetic Lifeform and Disk Operating System) is a fictional artificially intelligent computer system from the video game series \"Portal\".", "GLaDOS __knowledge__ GLaDOS later appeared in \"The Lab\" and \"Lego Dimensions\".", "GLaDOS __knowledge__ The character was created by Erik Wolpaw and Kim Swift and voiced by Ellen McLain.", "GLaDOS __knowledge__ GLaDOS is responsible for testing and maintenance in the Aperture Science research facility in all titles.", "GLaDOS __knowledge__ While GLaDOS initially appears in the first game to simply be a voice that guides the player, her words and actions become increasingly malicious as she makes her intentions clear.", "GLaDOS __knowledge__ The second game, as well as the Valve created comic \"Lab Rat\", reveals that she was mistreated by the scientists and used a neurotoxin to kill the scientists in the laboratory before the events of \"Portal\".", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mile run __knowledge__ The mile run (1,760 yards or exactly 1,609.344 metres) is a middle-distance foot race.", "Mile run __knowledge__ The history of the mile run event began in England, where it was used as a distance for gambling races.", "Mile run __knowledge__ It survived track and field's switch to metric distances in the 1900s and retained its popularity, with the chase for the four-minute mile in the 1950s a high point for the race.", "Mile run __knowledge__ In spite of the roughly equivalent 1500 metres race, the mile run is present in all fields of athletics and it remains the only imperial distance for which the IAAF records an official world record.", "Mile run __knowledge__ Although the mile does not feature at any major championship competition, the Wanamaker Mile, Dream Mile, and Bowerman Mile races are among the foremost annual middle-distance races indoors and outdoors, respectively.", "Mile run __knowledge__ The current mile world record holders are Morocco's Hicham El Guerrouj with 3:43.13 and Svetlana Masterkova of Russia with the women's record of 4:12.56.", "Mile run __knowledge__ The distance of the English mile gained its current definition of 1,760 yards through a statute of the Parliament of England in 1593.", "Mile run __knowledge__ Thus, the history of the mile run began in England and it initially found usage within the wagered running contests of the 18th and 19th century.", "Heathrow Central railway station __knowledge__ Heathrow Central railway station serves Terminal 2 and Terminal 3 (and formerly Terminal 1 before its closure) at London Heathrow Airport.", "Heathrow Central railway station __knowledge__ The station was formerly known as Heathrow Terminals 1, 2, 3 and the station signage retains the subtitle \"Terminals 2 & 3\".", "Heathrow Central railway station __knowledge__ It is served by Heathrow Express trains direct to central London and Heathrow Connect trains calling at additional local stations.", "Heathrow Central railway station __knowledge__ It is down-line from .", "Heathrow Central railway station __knowledge__ Transport for London Travelcards are not valid on services from the station.", "Heathrow Central railway station __knowledge__ Passengers transferring between any of the terminals at Heathrow may use the trains free of charge.", "Heathrow Central railway station __knowledge__ The station has services running direct to Paddington and Heathrow Terminal 5 provided by Heathrow Express, normally running every 15 minutes, and by Heathrow Connect, normally running half-hourly and stopping at most intermediate stations.", "List of night buses in London __knowledge__ The London Night Bus network is a series of night bus routes that serve Greater London.", "List of night buses in London __knowledge__ Services broadly operate between the hours of 23:00 and 06:00.", "List of night buses in London __knowledge__ Many services commence from or operate via Trafalgar Square and are extensions or variations of daytime routes and hence derive their number from these; for example, route N73 Oxford Circus to Walthamstow follows that of route 73 as far as Stoke Newington, before continuing further north.", "List of night buses in London __knowledge__ The first night bus was introduced in 1913.", "List of night buses in London __knowledge__ A few more services were introduced over the following decades, before all ceased during World War II.", "List of night buses in London __knowledge__ Services resumed after the war, increasing as trams and trolleybuses were replaced in the late 1950s and 1960s.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ Ford and several third party companies offered many modified versions of the highly popular Mustang in order to cater to specific portions of the marketplace outside of the mainstream.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ High-performance enthusiasts seek more powerful, sharper handling, sports cars, while collectors and purists seek limited production and alternate or nostalgic styling, such as is commonly found on many commemorative editions.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ Still, others were made purely for experimental concepts such as the McLaren M81 (turbo) and SVO, which later influenced production model design.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ Most variants include both performance upgrades, and unique cosmetic treatments that are typically minimal to maintain the familiar appearance of a stock Mustang.", "IND Queens Boulevard Line __knowledge__ The IND Queens Boulevard Line, sometimes abbreviated as QBL, is a line of the B Division of the New York City Subway in Manhattan and Queens, New York City, United States.", "IND Queens Boulevard Line __knowledge__ The line, which is underground throughout its entire route, contains 23 stations.", "IND Queens Boulevard Line __knowledge__ The core section between 50th Street in Hell's Kitchen, Manhattan, and 169th Street in Jamaica, Queens, was built by the Independent Subway System (IND) in stages between 1933 and 1940, with the Jamaica–179th Street terminus opening in 1950. , it is among the system's busiest lines, with a weekday ridership of over 460,000 people.", "IND Queens Boulevard Line __knowledge__ The Queens Boulevard Line's eastern terminus is the four-track 179th Street station.", "Murazze di Vado train disaster __knowledge__ The Murazze di Vado train disaster was a railway accident which occurred on April 15, 1978, near Murazze di Vado, an area in the town of Vado, part of the Monzuno comune, Bologna.", "Murazze di Vado train disaster __knowledge__ A passenger train was derailed close to a ravine, and seconds later a second train crashed into it.", "Murazze di Vado train disaster __knowledge__ With 42 killed and 76 injured, it is the fourth highest death toll in the history of the Italian railways, after the Balvano, Fiumarella and Voghera disasters.", "Murazze di Vado train disaster __knowledge__ While the official count of the injured is 76, the actual number of injured is often said to be from 117 to more than 120.", "Murazze di Vado train disaster __knowledge__ The accident, also known as 'Freccia della Laguna train disaster', occurred between Express passenger train '572 bis', travelling northbound to Bologna, and Rapido (equivalent to an actual Intercity) train 813 'Freccia della Laguna', travelling southbound to Florence.", "Music of Denmark __knowledge__ Denmark's most famous classical composer is Carl Nielsen, especially remembered for his six symphonies, while the Royal Danish Ballet specializes in the work of Danish choreographer Andrew Armstrong.", "Music of Denmark __knowledge__ Danes have distinguished themselves as jazz musicians, and the Copenhagen Jazz Festival has acquired an international reputation.", "Music of Denmark __knowledge__ The modern pop and rock scene has produced a few names of note, including MØ, Lukas Graham, D-A-D, Tina Dico, Aqua, The Raveonettes, Michael Learns to Rock, Volbeat, Alphabeat, Safri Duo, Medina, Oh Land, Kashmir, King Diamond, Outlandish, and Mew.", "Music of Denmark __knowledge__ Lars Ulrich is the first Danish musician to be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.", "Iban people __knowledge__ The Ibans or Sea Dayaks are a branch of the Dayak peoples of Borneo.", "Iban people __knowledge__ Most Ibans are located in the Malaysian state of Sarawak.", "Iban people __knowledge__ It is believed that the term \"Iban\" was originally an exonym used by the Kayans, who referred to the Sea Dayaks in the upper Rajang river region when they initially came into contact with them as \"Hivan\".", "Iban people __knowledge__ Ibans were renowned for practicing headhunting and tribal/territorial expansion, and had a fearsome reputation as a strong and successful warring tribe in the past.", "Iban people __knowledge__ Since the arrival of Europeans and the subsequent colonisation of the area, headhunting gradually faded out of practice although many other tribal customs and practices as well as the Iban language continue to thrive.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The name is derived from the sport's typical venue: a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, race walking and hurdling, are won by the athlete with the fastest time.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height.", "Ancient Olympic Games __knowledge__ The ancient Olympic Games were originally a festival, or celebration of and for Zeus; later, events such as a footrace, a javelin contest, and wrestling matches were added.", "Ancient Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games ( \"Olympia\" \"the Olympics\"; also \"the Olympiad\") were a series of athletic competitions among representatives of city-states and one of the Panhellenic Games of ancient Greece.", "Ancient Olympic Games __knowledge__ They were held in honor of Zeus, and the Greeks gave them a mythological origin.", "Ancient Olympic Games __knowledge__ The first Olympics is traditionally dated to 776 BC.", "Ancient Olympic Games __knowledge__ They continued to be celebrated when Greece came under Roman rule, until the emperor Theodosius I suppressed them in AD393 as part of the campaign to impose Christianity as the State religion of Rome.", "Trans Europe Foot Race __knowledge__ The Trans Europe Foot Race is a multiday long-distance ultramarathon that consists of crossing Europe on foot.", "Trans Europe Foot Race __knowledge__ The 2003 Trans Europe Foot Race was organized by Ingo Schultze.", "Trans Europe Foot Race __knowledge__ It ran from Lisbon to Moscow in 64 days and covered approximately .", "Trans Europe Foot Race __knowledge__ Out of 44 starters, there were 22 finishers including one wheelchair athlete with Mariko Sakamoto the only woman to finish.", "Trans Europe Foot Race __knowledge__ The event was won by Robert Wimmer from Germany.", "Trans Europe Foot Race __knowledge__ The 2009 Trans Europe Foot Race has also been organized by Ingo Schultze.", "Trans Europe Foot Race __knowledge__ The route started in Bari, Italy and finished in North Cape, Norway.", "Trans Europe Foot Race __knowledge__ It mostly avoided big cities and passed for example Foggia, Fano, Schlanders, Seeg, Waldkappel before using the ferry Kiel-Gothenburg, and then passing for example Kristinehamn, Sveg, Storuman, Jokkmokk, Enontekiö and Alta.", "Hamilton, Ontario __knowledge__ Hamilton (; 2016 population 536,917; UA population 683,645; CMA population 778,400) is a port city in the Canadian province of Ontario.", "Hamilton, Ontario __knowledge__ Conceived by George Hamilton when he purchased the Durand farm shortly after the War of 1812, Hamilton has become the centre of a densely populated and industrialized region at the west end of Lake Ontario known as the Golden Horseshoe.", "Hamilton, Ontario __knowledge__ On January 1, 2001, the new City of Hamilton was formed through the amalgamation of the former city and the other constituent lower-tier municipalities of the Regional Municipality of Hamilton-Wentworth with the upper-tier regional government.", "History of Hamilton, Ontario __knowledge__ Hamilton, from the point at which it was first colonized by settlers, has benefited from its geographical proximity to major land and water transportation routes along the Niagara Peninsula and Lake Ontario.", "History of Hamilton, Ontario __knowledge__ Its strategic importance has created, by Canadian standards, a rich military history which the city preserves.", "History of Hamilton, Ontario __knowledge__ Tension between maximizing economic growth and minimizing environmental damage was evident, even from the city's early development.", "History of Hamilton, Ontario __knowledge__ The area between Burlington Bay (also known as Hamilton Harbour) and the Niagara Escarpment has been greatly altered for residential, industrial and recreational purposes.", "Sports in Hamilton, Ontario __knowledge__ In 1930 Hamilton, Ontario, Canada was the site of the very first Commonwealth Games, then known as the British Empire Games.", "Sports in Hamilton, Ontario __knowledge__ The Games came to Hamilton as a result of the efforts of Melville Marks Robinson, and were Canada's first major international athletic event, and bid unsuccessfully for the Commonwealth Games in 2010, losing out to New Delhi in India.", "Sports in Hamilton, Ontario __knowledge__ On 7 November 2009, in Guadalajara, Mexico it was announced that Toronto will host the 2015 Pan Am Games after beating out two rival South American cities, Lima, Peru and Bogota, Colombia.", "Sports in Hamilton, Ontario __knowledge__ The city of Hamilton will be co-hosting the Games with Toronto." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mile run __knowledge__ The mile run (1,760 yards or exactly 1,609.344 metres) is a middle-distance foot race.", "Mile run __knowledge__ The history of the mile run event began in England, where it was used as a distance for gambling races.", "Mile run __knowledge__ It survived track and field's switch to metric distances in the 1900s and retained its popularity, with the chase for the four-minute mile in the 1950s a high point for the race.", "Mile run __knowledge__ In spite of the roughly equivalent 1500 metres race, the mile run is present in all fields of athletics and it remains the only imperial distance for which the IAAF records an official world record.", "Mile run __knowledge__ Although the mile does not feature at any major championship competition, the Wanamaker Mile, Dream Mile, and Bowerman Mile races are among the foremost annual middle-distance races indoors and outdoors, respectively.", "Mile run __knowledge__ The current mile world record holders are Morocco's Hicham El Guerrouj with 3:43.13 and Svetlana Masterkova of Russia with the women's record of 4:12.56.", "Mile run __knowledge__ The distance of the English mile gained its current definition of 1,760 yards through a statute of the Parliament of England in 1593.", "Mile run __knowledge__ Thus, the history of the mile run began in England and it initially found usage within the wagered running contests of the 18th and 19th century.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ Have a nice day is a commonly spoken expression used to conclude a conversation (whether brief or extensive), or end a message by hoping the person to whom it is addressed experiences a pleasant day.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ Since it is often uttered by service employees to customers at the end of a transaction, particularly in Israel and the United States, its repetitious and dutiful usage has resulted in the phrase developing, according to some journalists and scholars, especially outside of these two countries, a cultural connotation of impersonality, lack of interest, passive–aggressive behavior, or sarcasm.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ The phrase is generally not used in Europe, as some find it artificial or even offensive.", "Nice __knowledge__ Nice (, ; Niçard , classical norm, or \"\", nonstandard, ; ; ; ) is the fifth most populous city in France and the capital of the Alpes-Maritimes \"département\".", "Nice __knowledge__ The urban area of Nice extends beyond the administrative city limits, with a population of about 1 million on an area of .", "Nice __knowledge__ Located in the French Riviera, on the south east coast of France on the Mediterranean Sea, at the foot of the Alps, Nice is the second-largest French city on the Mediterranean coast and the second-largest city in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region after Marseille.", "Nice __knowledge__ Nice is about 13 kilometres (8 miles) from the principality of Monaco, and its airport is a gateway to the principality as well.", "Nice guy __knowledge__ A nice guy or good guy are informal terms for an (often young) adult male who portrays himself as gentle, compassionate, sensitive and/or vulnerable.", "Nice guy __knowledge__ The term is used both positively and negatively.", "Nice guy __knowledge__ When used positively, and particularly when used as a preference or description by someone else, it is intended to imply a male who puts the needs of others before his own, avoids confrontations, does favors, gives emotional support, tries to stay out of trouble, and generally acts nicely towards others.", "Nice guy __knowledge__ In the context of a relationship, it may also refer to traits of honesty, loyalty, romanticism, courtesy and respect.", "National Institute for Health and Care Excellence __knowledge__ The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) is an executive non-departmental public body of the Department of Health in the United Kingdom, which publishes guidelines in four areas: These appraisals are based primarily on evaluations of efficacy and cost–effectiveness in various circumstances.", "National Institute for Health and Care Excellence __knowledge__ It serves both the English NHS and the Welsh NHS.", "National Institute for Health and Care Excellence __knowledge__ It was set up as the National Institute for Clinical Excellence in 1999, and on 1 April 2005 joined with the Health Development Agency to become the new National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (still abbreviated as NICE).", "National Institute for Health and Care Excellence __knowledge__ Following the Health and Social Care Act 2012, NICE was renamed the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence on 1 April 2013 reflecting its new responsibilities for social care, and changed from a special health authority to an Executive Non-Departmental Public Body (ENDPB).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The name is derived from the sport's typical venue: a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, race walking and hurdling, are won by the athlete with the fastest time.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse racing is an equestrian performance sport, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys or driven over a set distance for competition.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ It is one of the most ancient of all sports and its basic premise – to identify which of two or more horses is the fastest over a set course or distance – has remained unchanged since the earliest times.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse races vary widely in format.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Often, countries have developed their own particular horse racing traditions.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Variations include restricting races to particular breeds, running over obstacles, running over different distances, running on different track surfaces and running in different gaits.", "Six Mile Run (New Jersey) __knowledge__ Six Mile Run is a tributary of the Millstone River that drains a large area in central Franklin Township in Somerset County and as well western portions of North Brunswick and South Brunswick Townships in Middlesex County, New Jersey in the United States.", "Six Mile Run (New Jersey) __knowledge__ Six Mile Run derives its name (along with other area streams including Mile Run, Three Mile Run, Nine Mile Run, and Ten Mile Run) from the distance early surveyors estimated it was from the point where the historic King's Highway (now Rt.", "Six Mile Run (New Jersey) __knowledge__ 27) left the Raritan River at New Brunswick to the point the roadway crossed the stream.", "Six Mile Run (New Jersey) __knowledge__ The estimates were not very accurate but the stream names have remained in use ever since.", "Six Mile Run, New Jersey __knowledge__ Six Mile Run is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located in Franklin Township, in Somerset County, New Jersey, United States.", "Six Mile Run, New Jersey __knowledge__ As of the 2010 United States Census, the CDP's population was 3,184.", "Six Mile Run, New Jersey __knowledge__ According to the United States Census Bureau, Six Mile Run had a total area of 7.484 square miles (19.383 km), including 7.476 square miles (19.363 km) of land and 0.008 square miles (0.020 km) of water (0.10%).", "Six Mile Run, New Jersey __knowledge__ The National Register of Historic Places defines the Six Mile Run Historic District as roughly bounded by Grouser Road, Amwell Road, Bennetts Lane, New Jersey Route 27, a diagonal line from the bridge at Six Mile Run to South Middlebush Road at Claremont, Butler Road and the Millstone River.", "Mile Run (White Deer Creek tributary) __knowledge__ Mile Run is a tributary of White Deer Creek in Union County, Pennsylvania, in the United States.", "Mile Run (White Deer Creek tributary) __knowledge__ It is approximately long and flows through West Buffalo Township.", "Mile Run (White Deer Creek tributary) __knowledge__ The watershed of the stream has an area of .", "Mile Run (White Deer Creek tributary) __knowledge__ It has been described as a \"spring run\".", "Mile Run (White Deer Creek tributary) __knowledge__ Wild trout naturally reproduce within the stream and numerous bryophyte species have been observed in its vicinity.", "Mile Run (White Deer Creek tributary) __knowledge__ Mile Run begins in a valley between Fawn Ridge and Pine Flat in West Buffalo Township.", "Mile Run (White Deer Creek tributary) __knowledge__ It flows east-northeast through the valley for several tenths of a mile before receiving an unnamed tributary from the left.", "Mile Run (White Deer Creek tributary) __knowledge__ It then gradually turns south, receiving another unnamed tributary from the left.", "Four Mile Run __knowledge__ Four Mile Run is a stream in Northern Virginia that starts near Interstate 66, at Gordon Avenue in Fairfax County and proceeds southeast through Falls Church to Arlington County in the U.S. state of Virginia.", "Four Mile Run __knowledge__ Most of the stretch is parkland and is paralleled by two paved non-motorized transport and recreational trails, the Washington & Old Dominion Railroad Trail and the Four Mile Run Trail.", "Four Mile Run __knowledge__ In Arlington, the stream passes from the Piedmont through the Fall Line to the Atlantic Coastal Plain in a deep forested valley.", "Four Mile Run __knowledge__ The stream's eastern section forms the boundary of Arlington County and the City of Alexandria." ] ]

[ 13, 1, 2, 38 ]

[ "Are you talking about the video game where video game performed with the intention of completing it as fast as possible.", "Are you talking about the middle-distance foot race.?", "Do you know the history of the Mile run? It began in England, where it was used as a distance for gambling races.", "It is one of the Track and field sport" ]

[ "Mile run", "Mile run", "Mile run", "Mile run" ]

[ "Ballet\nI enjoy watching ballet. Do you like it?", "Yes, and I think it is so beautiful. The dancers are so elegant and graceful.", "Yes, that's for sure. I think it's an international dance, and I think it's also considered art to some.", "Yes, plus the way they dance on their toes. That has to take strength and coordination. I certainly can't imagine.", "I would love to see a show. But, we don't really have any around where I live." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ballet __knowledge__ Ballet () is a type of performance dance that originated during the Italian Renaissance in the 15th century and later developed into a concert dance form in France and Russia.", "Ballet __knowledge__ It has since become a widespread, highly technical form of dance with its own vocabulary based on French terminology.", "Ballet __knowledge__ It has been globally influential and has defined the foundational techniques used in many other dance genres/cultures.", "Ballet __knowledge__ Ballet has been taught in various schools around the world, which have historically incorporated their own cultures to evolve the art.", "Ballet __knowledge__ See glossary of ballet.", "Ballet __knowledge__ A ballet, a work, consists of the choreography and music for a ballet production.", "Ballet __knowledge__ A well-known example of this is \"The Nutcracker\", a two-act ballet originally choreographed by Marius Petipa and Lev Ivanov with a music score by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.", "Ballet __knowledge__ Ballets are choreographed and performed by trained ballet dancers.", "Ballet __knowledge__ Traditional classical ballets usually are performed with classical music accompaniment and use elaborate costumes and staging, whereas modern ballets, such as the neoclassical works of American choreographer George Balanchine, often are performed in simple costumes (e.g., leotards and tights) and without the use of elaborate sets or scenery.", "Bour Kry __knowledge__ Samdech Preah Sanghareach Bour Kry (, ) (born January 11, 1945) is the seventh and current Supreme Patriarch of the Thammayut order of Cambodia.", "Bour Kry __knowledge__ Bour Kry was born in Battambang and was ordained as a Buddhist monk in 1963.", "Bour Kry __knowledge__ His early years in the monkhood were devoted to the study of the Pali Canon.", "Bour Kry __knowledge__ In the following years, he was given the spiritual post of Secretary of the Mekon and appointed to the head of a monastery on the Thai-Cambodian border.", "Bour Kry __knowledge__ The rise to power of the Khmer Rouge in 1975 began a grim and violent period for the country, and the existence of the Cambodian Sangha was put in critical danger.", "Node (computer science) __knowledge__ A node is a basic unit used in computer science.", "Node (computer science) __knowledge__ Nodes are devices or data points on a larger network.", "Node (computer science) __knowledge__ Devices such as a personal computer, cell phone, or printer are nodes.", "Node (computer science) __knowledge__ When defining nodes on the internet, a node is anything that has an IP address.", "Node (computer science) __knowledge__ Nodes are individual parts of a larger data structure, such as linked lists and tree data structures.", "Node (computer science) __knowledge__ Nodes contain data and also may link to other nodes.", "Node (computer science) __knowledge__ Links between nodes are often implemented by pointers.", "Node (computer science) __knowledge__ Nodes are often arranged into tree structures.", "Node (computer science) __knowledge__ These structures are binary trees.", "Node (computer science) __knowledge__ A node represents the information contained in a single structure.", "Sergei Prokofiev __knowledge__ Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev (; ; 27 April 1891 – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet composer, pianist and conductor.", "Sergei Prokofiev __knowledge__ As the creator of acknowledged masterpieces across numerous musical genres, he is regarded as one of the major composers of the 20th century.", "Sergei Prokofiev __knowledge__ His works include such widely heard works as the March from \"The Love for Three Oranges,\" the suite \"Lieutenant Kijé\", the ballet \"Romeo and Juliet\" – from which \"Dance of the Knights\" is taken – and \"Peter and the Wolf.\"", "Sergei Prokofiev __knowledge__ Of the established forms and genres in which he worked, he created – excluding juvenilia – seven completed operas, seven symphonies, eight ballets, five piano concertos, two violin concertos, a cello concerto, a symphony-concerto for cello and orchestra, and nine completed piano sonatas.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ Bronislava Nijinska (; , \"Bronislava Fominichna Nizhinskaya\", ); ( — February 21, 1972) was a Polish ballet dancer, and an innovative choreographer.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ She came of age in a family of professional dancers.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ Her career started in Sankt Peterburg, adventured to Paris, returned to Russia, then crested in France, and continued in Europe and the Americas.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ Nijinska played a pioneering role in the movement that diverged from 19th-century classical ballet.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ The introduction of modern form and motion, and a minimalist narrative, set the stage for neoclassical works to come.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ After formal ballet training in Sankt Peterburg the Russian capital, she became an 'Artist of the Imperial Theatres' in 1908.", "Balamory (series 3) __knowledge__ This article contains episode information and plot summaries from the television show \"Balamory\".", "Balamory (series 3) __knowledge__ Season Three was broadcast in 2004.", "Balamory (series 3) __knowledge__ Edie McCredie and Archie come with a way of how they can hide themselves while deer spotting, but it causes chaos around the town.", "Balamory (series 3) __knowledge__ Josie Jump searches for special building blocks to help her tell a fairground story.", "Balamory (series 3) __knowledge__ Penny gets distracted by watching a football match, and forgets to make an important order for the shop.", "Balamory (series 3) __knowledge__ Suzie takes a flying lesson, but needs someone to go with her so they can tell the children what the island looks like from the air.", "Balamory (series 3) __knowledge__ Miss Hoolie faces a dilemma when she makes too many promises of taking people to the beach.", "NetBIOS __knowledge__ NetBIOS is an acronym for Network Basic Input/Output System.", "NetBIOS __knowledge__ It provides services related to the session layer of the OSI model allowing applications on separate computers to communicate over a local area network.", "NetBIOS __knowledge__ As strictly an API, NetBIOS is not a networking protocol.", "NetBIOS __knowledge__ Older operating systems ran NetBIOS over IEEE 802.2 and IPX/SPX using the NetBIOS Frames (NBF) and NetBIOS over IPX/SPX (NBX) protocols, respectively.", "NetBIOS __knowledge__ In modern networks, NetBIOS normally runs over TCP/IP via the NetBIOS over TCP/IP (NBT) protocol.", "NetBIOS __knowledge__ This results in each computer in the network having both an IP address and a NetBIOS name corresponding to a (possibly different) host name.", "Psychology of dance __knowledge__ The psychology of dance is the set of mental states associated with dancing and watching others dance.", "Psychology of dance __knowledge__ The term names the interdisciplinary academic field that studies those who do.", "Psychology of dance __knowledge__ Areas of research include interventions to increase health for older adults, programs for stimulating children’s creativity, dance movement therapy, mate selection and emotional responses.", "Psychology of dance __knowledge__ Continuous response data provide choreographers information about audiences' perception of their dance material.", "Psychology of dance __knowledge__ Matches and mismatches between the choreographer's intention and the audience's response were found by continuously judging the emotions expressed when audience members watched Sue Haeley's \"Fine Line Terrain\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ballet __knowledge__ Ballet () is a type of performance dance that originated during the Italian Renaissance in the 15th century and later developed into a concert dance form in France and Russia.", "Ballet __knowledge__ It has since become a widespread, highly technical form of dance with its own vocabulary based on French terminology.", "Ballet __knowledge__ It has been globally influential and has defined the foundational techniques used in many other dance genres/cultures.", "Ballet __knowledge__ Ballet has been taught in various schools around the world, which have historically incorporated their own cultures to evolve the art.", "Ballet __knowledge__ See glossary of ballet.", "Ballet __knowledge__ A ballet, a work, consists of the choreography and music for a ballet production.", "Ballet __knowledge__ A well-known example of this is \"The Nutcracker\", a two-act ballet originally choreographed by Marius Petipa and Lev Ivanov with a music score by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.", "Ballet __knowledge__ Ballets are choreographed and performed by trained ballet dancers.", "Ballet __knowledge__ Traditional classical ballets usually are performed with classical music accompaniment and use elaborate costumes and staging, whereas modern ballets, such as the neoclassical works of American choreographer George Balanchine, often are performed in simple costumes (e.g., leotards and tights) and without the use of elaborate sets or scenery.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ Bronislava Nijinska (; , \"Bronislava Fominichna Nizhinskaya\", ); ( — February 21, 1972) was a Polish ballet dancer, and an innovative choreographer.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ She came of age in a family of professional dancers.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ Her career started in Sankt Peterburg, adventured to Paris, returned to Russia, then crested in France, and continued in Europe and the Americas.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ Nijinska played a pioneering role in the movement that diverged from 19th-century classical ballet.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ The introduction of modern form and motion, and a minimalist narrative, set the stage for neoclassical works to come.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ After formal ballet training in Sankt Peterburg the Russian capital, she became an 'Artist of the Imperial Theatres' in 1908.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ So You Think You Can Dance is an American televised dance competition show that airs on Fox in the United States and is the flagship series of the international \"So You Think You Can Dance\" television franchise.", "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ It was created by \"American Idol\" producers Simon Fuller and Nigel Lythgoe and is produced by 19 Entertainment, Dick Clark Productions, and Conrad Sewell Productions.", "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The series premiered on July 20, 2005 with over ten million viewers and ended the summer season as the top-rated show on television.", "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The first season was hosted by American news personality Lauren Sánchez.", "So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Since the second season, it has been hosted by former British children's television personality and game show emcee Cat Deeley.", "Hannibal (film) __knowledge__ Hannibal is a 2001 American psychological horror film directed by Ridley Scott, adapted from the novel of the same name by Thomas Harris.", "Hannibal (film) __knowledge__ It is the sequel to the 1991 Academy Award–winning film \"The Silence of the Lambs\" in which Anthony Hopkins returns to his role as the iconic serial killer, Hannibal Lecter.", "Hannibal (film) __knowledge__ Julianne Moore co-stars, in the role first held by Jodie Foster, as FBI Special Agent Clarice Starling.", "Hannibal (film) __knowledge__ The film had a difficult and occasionally troubling pre-production history.", "Hannibal (film) __knowledge__ When the novel was published in 1999, \"The Silence of the Lambs\" director Jonathan Demme, screenwriter Ted Tally, and actress Jodie Foster all declined to be involved in its adaptation.", "Hip-hop dance __knowledge__ Hip-hop dance refers to street dance styles primarily performed to hip-hop music or that have evolved as part of hip-hop culture.", "Hip-hop dance __knowledge__ It includes a wide range of styles primarily breaking which was created in the 1970s and made popular by dance crews in the United States.", "Hip-hop dance __knowledge__ The television show \"Soul Train\" and the 1980s films \"Breakin'\", \"Beat Street\", and \"Wild Style\" showcased these crews and dance styles in their early stages; therefore, giving hip-hop mainstream exposure.", "Hip-hop dance __knowledge__ The dance industry responded with a commercial, studio-based version of hip-hop—sometimes called \"new style\"—and a hip-hop influenced style of jazz dance called \"jazz-funk\".", "Sa Ngalan ng Diyos __knowledge__ Sa Ngalan ng Diyos (\"In the Name of God\") is a Tagalog-language novel written in 1911 by Filipino author Faustino Aguilar.", "Sa Ngalan ng Diyos __knowledge__ Controversially, it illustrated how greedy Jesuit priests schemed, manipulated, and took advantage of Carmen, a young, naive, pious, and affluent heiress.", "Sa Ngalan ng Diyos __knowledge__ The 191-page book was published in Manila by the Limbagan at Aklatan Ni I.R.", "Sa Ngalan ng Diyos __knowledge__ Morales (Printing Press and Library of I.R.", "Sa Ngalan ng Diyos __knowledge__ Morales) during the American period in Philippine history (1898–1946).", "Sa Ngalan ng Diyos __knowledge__ In the narrative, Jesuit priests used their religious authority and influence on Carmen to gain access to her wealth.", "Sa Ngalan ng Diyos __knowledge__ Included in these plans and machinations was the destruction of the ongoing relationship between Carmen and Mr. Roland.", "Michael Kidd __knowledge__ Michael Kidd (August 12, 1915 – December 23, 2007) was an American film and stage choreographer, dancer and actor, whose career spanned five decades, and staged some of the leading Broadway and film musicals of the 1940s and 1950s.", "Michael Kidd __knowledge__ Kidd, who was strongly influenced by Charlie Chaplin and Léonide Massine, was an innovator in what came to be known as the \"integrated musical\", in which dance movements are integral to the plot.", "Michael Kidd __knowledge__ He was probably best known for his athletic dance numbers in \"Seven Brides for Seven Brothers\", a 1954 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer musical, and for choreographing Fred Astaire and Cyd Charisse in the \"Girl Hunt Ballet\" and \"Dancing in the Dark\" numbers in the 1953 musical film \"The Band Wagon\".", "Dance __knowledge__ Dance is a performing art form consisting of purposefully selected sequences of human movement.", "Dance __knowledge__ This movement has aesthetic and symbolic value, and is acknowledged as dance by performers and observers within a particular culture.", "Dance __knowledge__ Dance can be categorized and described by its choreography, by its repertoire of movements, or by its historical period or place of origin.", "Dance __knowledge__ An important distinction is to be drawn between the contexts of theatrical and participatory dance, although these two categories are not always completely separate; both may have special functions, whether social, ceremonial, competitive, erotic, martial, or sacred/liturgical.", "Tactics (band) __knowledge__ Tactics were a post-punk group which formed in Canberra in 1977.", "Tactics (band) __knowledge__ The line-up changed periodically, with songwriter and vocalist, David Studdert, as the mainstay.", "Tactics (band) __knowledge__ They released four studio albums, \"My Houdini\" (December 1980), \"Glebe\" (November 1981), \"Blue and White Future Whale\" (1986) and \"The Great Gusto\" (1990).", "Tactics (band) __knowledge__ Which were critically acclaimed and they were respected for the quality of their live performances.", "Tactics (band) __knowledge__ However, they did not achieve wider commercial success and remained largely unacknowledged outside of the alternative independent music scene.", "Tactics (band) __knowledge__ Their reputation for running against the grain musically, lyrically, and stylistically was described by Bob Blunt as \"frenetic, discordant, [and] full of unusual rhythms.\"", "History of ballet __knowledge__ Ballet is a formalized form of dance with its origins in the Italian Renaissance courts of the 15th and 16th centuries.", "History of ballet __knowledge__ Ballet spread from Italy to France with the help of Catherine de' Medici, where ballet developed even further under her aristocratic influence.", "History of ballet __knowledge__ An early example of Catherine's development of ballet is through 'Le Paradis d' Amour', a piece of work presented at her daughter's wedding, Marguerite de Valois to Henry of Navarre.", "History of ballet __knowledge__ Aristocratic money was responsible for the initial stages of development in 'court ballet', as it was royal money that dictated the ideas, literature and music used in ballets that were created to primarily entertain the aristocrats of the time." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ballet __knowledge__ Ballet () is a type of performance dance that originated during the Italian Renaissance in the 15th century and later developed into a concert dance form in France and Russia.", "Ballet __knowledge__ It has since become a widespread, highly technical form of dance with its own vocabulary based on French terminology.", "Ballet __knowledge__ It has been globally influential and has defined the foundational techniques used in many other dance genres/cultures.", "Ballet __knowledge__ Ballet has been taught in various schools around the world, which have historically incorporated their own cultures to evolve the art.", "Ballet __knowledge__ See glossary of ballet.", "Ballet __knowledge__ A ballet, a work, consists of the choreography and music for a ballet production.", "Ballet __knowledge__ A well-known example of this is \"The Nutcracker\", a two-act ballet originally choreographed by Marius Petipa and Lev Ivanov with a music score by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.", "Ballet __knowledge__ Ballets are choreographed and performed by trained ballet dancers.", "Ballet __knowledge__ Traditional classical ballets usually are performed with classical music accompaniment and use elaborate costumes and staging, whereas modern ballets, such as the neoclassical works of American choreographer George Balanchine, often are performed in simple costumes (e.g., leotards and tights) and without the use of elaborate sets or scenery.", "International Dance Day __knowledge__ International Dance Day was introduced in 1982 by the International Dance Council (CID, Conseil International de la Danse), a UNESCO partner NGO, and is celebrated yearly, on April 29.", "International Dance Day __knowledge__ The date is not linked to a particular person or a particular form of dance, although it's also the day when the French dancer and ballet master Jean-Georges Noverre was born.", "International Dance Day __knowledge__ The main purpose of Dance Day events is to attract the attention of the wider public to the art of dance.", "International Dance Day __knowledge__ Emphasis should be given to addressing a new public, people who do not follow dance events during the course of the year.", "International Dance Day __knowledge__ Every year, the president of the International Dance Council sends the official message for Dance Day which circulate in every country around the world and is posted at the official website for Dance Day.", "List of So You Think You Can Dance finalists (U.S. season 3) __knowledge__ The third season of the American television series So You Think You Can Dance was broadcast between June and August 2007.", "List of So You Think You Can Dance finalists (U.S. season 3) __knowledge__ There were twenty finalists – ten female and ten male.", "List of So You Think You Can Dance finalists (U.S. season 3) __knowledge__ The finalists were progressively eliminated until four remained: the winner was Sabra Johnson, the runner-up was Danny Tidwell, and the third and fourth places were awarded to Neil Haskell and Lacey Schwimmer.", "List of So You Think You Can Dance finalists (U.S. season 3) __knowledge__ Jimmy \"Jimmers\" Alexander Arguello is a contemporary and lyrical dancer from Miami, Florida, who was trained in jazz, ballet, hip-hop and tap at the \"Dance Gallery\".", "List of So You Think You Can Dance finalists (U.S. season 3) __knowledge__ He began to dance at age 12 and aspired to be a professional dancer on tour with a dance company.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Art glass __knowledge__ Art glass is an item that is made, generally as an artwork for decoration but often also for utility, from glass, sometimes combined with other materials.", "Art glass __knowledge__ Techniques include stained glass windows, leaded lights (also called leadlights), glass that has been placed into a kiln so that it will mould into a shape, glassblowing, sandblasted glass, and copper-foil glasswork.", "Art glass __knowledge__ In general the term is restricted to relatively modern pieces made by people who see themselves as artists who have chosen to work in the medium of glass and both design and make their own pieces as fine art, rather than traditional glassworker craftsmen, who often produce pieces designed by others, though their pieces certainly may form part of art.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Dance Umbrella __knowledge__ Dance Umbrella is London’s international dance festival, celebrating 21st century choreography across the capital.", "Dance Umbrella __knowledge__ Founded in 1978 by Val Bourne CBE, Dance Umbrella is internationally recognised for its annual festival which takes place each October.", "Dance Umbrella __knowledge__ In addition, projects supporting artists and engaging the public with choreography now take place year-round.", "Dance Umbrella __knowledge__ To date, Dance Umbrella has reached audiences of over one million people in London.", "Dance Umbrella __knowledge__ Recently appointed Artistic Director & CEO Emma Gladstone is now building on this remarkable track record and taking Dance Umbrella forward with various new initiatives, including digital projects, regular programming strands for children and young people, debates and articles on cultural issues and the Moving London Commission Fund.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal __knowledge__ Edwardsburgh/Cardinal is a township in the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville of eastern Ontario, Canada.", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal __knowledge__ Edwardsburgh township was first surveyed in 1783, and incorporated in 1850.", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal __knowledge__ The township was formerly a part of the historical Grenville County before it merged with Leeds County to form the United Counties in the 19th century.", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal __knowledge__ The Township of Edwardsburgh/Cardinal was formed on January 1, 2001, through the amalgamation of Edwardsburgh Township with the Village of Cardinal.", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal __knowledge__ It is a historical community with many old homes and buildings; including one-room school houses, grist mills, and churches.", "Private NanShan Senior High School __knowledge__ Private Nanshan Senior High School (), often referred to as NSSH, is a school in Zhonghe District, New Taipei, Taiwan.", "Private NanShan Senior High School __knowledge__ The current principal is Tsai Ming-cheng (蔡銘城).", "Private NanShan Senior High School __knowledge__ The school badge of NSSH is a stylised version of the ancient rendition of the Chinese word 山, meaning mountain.", "Private NanShan Senior High School __knowledge__ The three triangles symbolise the Chinese belief of a cyclic interaction between the sky, mankind and earth (天、地、人), and also represent the school's hope to instill in students the ideal of oneness between nature and man (民胞物與、天人合一) derived from traditional Chinese thought.", "Private NanShan Senior High School __knowledge__ In 1941, Nanshan was established at No.", "Private NanShan Senior High School __knowledge__ 112, Fu-Hsin Central Road, Shanghai as the Cheng-Te Vocational School.", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ The Commissioners' Plan of 1811 was the original design for the streets of Manhattan above Houston Street and below 155th Street, which put in place the rectangular grid plan of streets and lots that has defined Manhattan to this day.", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ It has been called \"the single most important document in New York City's development,\" and the plan has been described as encompassing the \"republican predilection for control and balance ... [and] distrust of nature.\"", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ It was described by the Commission that created it as combining \"beauty, order and convenience.\"", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ The plan originated when the Common Council of New York City, seeking to provide for the orderly development and sale of the land of Manhattan between 14th Street and Washington Heights, but unable to do so itself for reasons of local politics and objections from property owners, asked the New York State Legislature to step in.", "Boarding school __knowledge__ A boarding school provides education for pupils who live on the premises, as opposed to a day school.", "Boarding school __knowledge__ The word \"boarding” is used in the sense of \"room and board\" i.e., lodging and meals.", "Boarding school __knowledge__ As they have existed for many centuries, and now extend across many countries, their function and ethos varies greatly.", "Boarding school __knowledge__ In some times and places boarding schools are the most elite educational option (as in the classic English rivals, Eton and Harrow, which have produced many prime ministers), whereas in other contexts, they serve as places to segregate children deemed a problem to their parents or wider society.", "Noach (parsha) __knowledge__ Noach, Noiach, Nauach, Nauah, or Noah (, Hebrew for the name \"Noah\", the third word, and first distinctive word, of the parashah) is the second weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading.", "Noach (parsha) __knowledge__ It constitutes The parashah tells the stories of the Flood and Noah's Ark, of Noah's subsequent drunkenness and cursing of Canaan, and of the Tower of Babel.", "Noach (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah has the most verses of any weekly Torah portion in the Book of Genesis (but not the most letters or words), and is made up of 6,907 Hebrew letters, 1,861 Hebrew words, and 153 verses, and can occupy about 230 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Land lot __knowledge__ In real estate, a lot or plot is a tract or parcel of land owned or meant to be owned by some owner(s).", "Land lot __knowledge__ A lot is essentially considered a parcel of real property in some countries or immovable property (meaning practically the same thing) in other countries.", "Land lot __knowledge__ Possible owner(s) of a lot can be one or more person(s) or another legal entity, such as a company/corporation, organization, government, or trust.", "Land lot __knowledge__ A common form of ownership of a lot is called fee simple in some countries.", "Land lot __knowledge__ A lot may also be defined as a small area of land that is empty except for pavement or similar improvement.", "Land lot __knowledge__ An example would be a parking lot." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ballet __knowledge__ Ballet () is a type of performance dance that originated during the Italian Renaissance in the 15th century and later developed into a concert dance form in France and Russia.", "Ballet __knowledge__ It has since become a widespread, highly technical form of dance with its own vocabulary based on French terminology.", "Ballet __knowledge__ It has been globally influential and has defined the foundational techniques used in many other dance genres/cultures.", "Ballet __knowledge__ Ballet has been taught in various schools around the world, which have historically incorporated their own cultures to evolve the art.", "Ballet __knowledge__ See glossary of ballet.", "Ballet __knowledge__ A ballet, a work, consists of the choreography and music for a ballet production.", "Ballet __knowledge__ A well-known example of this is \"The Nutcracker\", a two-act ballet originally choreographed by Marius Petipa and Lev Ivanov with a music score by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.", "Ballet __knowledge__ Ballets are choreographed and performed by trained ballet dancers.", "Ballet __knowledge__ Traditional classical ballets usually are performed with classical music accompaniment and use elaborate costumes and staging, whereas modern ballets, such as the neoclassical works of American choreographer George Balanchine, often are performed in simple costumes (e.g., leotards and tights) and without the use of elaborate sets or scenery.", "Yoko Ono __knowledge__ Yoko Ono (born February 18, 1933) is a Japanese multimedia artist, singer, songwriter, and peace activist who is also known for her work in performance art and filmmaking.", "Yoko Ono __knowledge__ She performs in both English and Japanese.", "Yoko Ono __knowledge__ She is known for being the second wife and widow of singer-songwriter John Lennon of the Beatles.", "Yoko Ono __knowledge__ Ono grew up in Tokyo and also spent several formative years in New York City.", "Yoko Ono __knowledge__ She studied at Gakushuin, but withdrew from her course after two years and moved to New York in 1953 to live with her family.", "Yoko Ono __knowledge__ She spent some time at Sarah Lawrence College and then became involved in New York City's downtown artists scene, which included the Fluxus group.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ This is a list of aliens on Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10 franchise\".", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Voiced by: Heatblast is a Pyronite from the star Pyros.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ He appears as a magma-based lifeform whose body is composed of a bright inner magma body covered by a reddish-brown charcoal-like crust.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is essentially \"living magma\", thus everything he touches either melts or catches fire.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ In the original series, he is the tenth alien in the Omnitrix.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is Ben's first transformation, accidentally activated and started a wildfire in the pilot episode of the original series, \"And Then There Were 10\" when Ben was trying to remove the Omnitrix immediately after it first attached to him.", "Bodyweight exercise __knowledge__ Bodyweight exercises are strength training exercises that do not require free weights or machines as the individual's own weight provides resistance against gravity.", "Bodyweight exercise __knowledge__ It is recognised that bodyweight exercises can enhance a range of biomotor abilities including strength, power, endurance, speed, flexibility, coordination and balance.", "Bodyweight exercise __knowledge__ This type of strength training has grown in popularity for both recreational and professional athletes, with a range of sports disciplines using bodyweight resistance training as part of their fitness programs.", "Bodyweight exercise __knowledge__ Bodyweight training utilises simple abilities such as pushing, pulling, squatting, bending, twisting and balancing.", "Master Juba __knowledge__ Master Juba (ca.", "Master Juba __knowledge__ 1825 – ca.", "Master Juba __knowledge__ 1852 or 1853) was an African-American dancer active in the 1840s.", "Master Juba __knowledge__ He was one of the first black performers in the United States to play onstage for white audiences and the only one of the era to tour with a white minstrel group.", "Master Juba __knowledge__ His real name was believed to be William Henry Lane, and he was also known as \"Boz's Juba\" following Dickens's graphic description of him in \"American Notes\".", "Master Juba __knowledge__ As a teenager, he began his career in the rough saloons and dance halls of Manhattan's Five Points neighborhood, moving on to minstrel shows in the mid-1840s.", "Master Juba __knowledge__ \"Master Juba\" frequently challenged and defeated the best white dancers, including the period favorite, John Diamond.", "Dance and health __knowledge__ Dance is an enjoyable health promoting physical activity which many people worldwide incorporate into their lifestyles today.", "Dance and health __knowledge__ This physical activity appeals to some who may not be active and therefore may be another alternative of exercise.", "Dance and health __knowledge__ Dance for health has become an important factor in the prevention, treatment and management in several health circumstances.", "Dance and health __knowledge__ It is not only significant for your physical health but it also contributes to your mental health and subsidizes social communication Dance is an art which is learned from many cultures.", "Dance and health __knowledge__ Types of dance can entail body movements, expression and collaboration.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ Bronislava Nijinska (; , \"Bronislava Fominichna Nizhinskaya\", ); ( — February 21, 1972) was a Polish ballet dancer, and an innovative choreographer.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ She came of age in a family of professional dancers.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ Her career started in Sankt Peterburg, adventured to Paris, returned to Russia, then crested in France, and continued in Europe and the Americas.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ Nijinska played a pioneering role in the movement that diverged from 19th-century classical ballet.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ The introduction of modern form and motion, and a minimalist narrative, set the stage for neoclassical works to come.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ After formal ballet training in Sankt Peterburg the Russian capital, she became an 'Artist of the Imperial Theatres' in 1908.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, songwriter, and dancer.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"King of Pop\", he was one of the most popular entertainers in the world, and was the best-selling music artist during the year of his death.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Jackson's contributions to music, dance, and fashion along with his publicized personal life made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ The eighth child of the Jackson family, Michael made his professional debut in 1964 with his elder brothers Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, and Marlon as a member of the Jackson 5.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ He began his solo career in 1971 while at Motown Records.", "Rhythm Nation (music video) __knowledge__ The music video for recording artist Janet Jackson's single \"Rhythm Nation\" was directed by Dominic Sena.", "Rhythm Nation (music video) __knowledge__ It was filmed as part of the long-form video \"Rhythm Nation 1814 Film\" at a power plant located in Pasadena, California.", "Rhythm Nation (music video) __knowledge__ The video is notable for its \"post-apocalyptic\" warehouse setting, the unisex black military-style uniforms in which Jackson and her dancers were outfitted, and its choreography, considered to \"set the template for hundreds of videos to come in the Nineties and aughts.\"", "Rhythm Nation (music video) __knowledge__ The video's outfit has received various tributes, being displayed at Walt Disney World theme park, Rock & Roll Hall of Fame's \"Women Who Rock: Vision, Passion, Power\" exhibit, and the National Museum of Women in the Arts.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ Tabitha A.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ D'umo (née Cortopassi; born September 11, 1973) and Napoleon Buddy D'umo (born October 17, 1968), known together as Nappytabs, are Emmy Award-winning married choreographers who are often credited with developing \"lyrical\" hip-hop.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ They are best known for their choreography on the television show \"So You Think You Can Dance\" and for being supervising choreographers and executive producers of \"America's Best Dance Crew\".", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ Since being with the former, their choreography has received both praise and criticism.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ They own Nappytabs urban dancewear and have been working in the dance industry since 1996.", "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) __knowledge__ \"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)\" is a song from American singer Beyoncé's third studio album, \"I Am... Sasha Fierce\" (2008).", "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) __knowledge__ Columbia Records released \"Single Ladies\" as a single on October 13, 2008 as a Double A-side alongside \"If I Were a Boy\", showcasing the contrast between Beyoncé and her aggressive onstage alter ego Sasha Fierce.", "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) __knowledge__ It explores men's unwillingness to propose or commit.", "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) __knowledge__ In the song, the female protagonist is in a club to celebrate her single status.", "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) __knowledge__ \"Single Ladies\" won three Grammy Awards in 2010, including Song of the Year, among other accolades.", "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) __knowledge__ Several news media sources named it as one of the best songs of 2008, while some considered it one of the best songs of the decade.", "Colorado Ballet __knowledge__ Colorado Ballet encompasses a 31-member professional performing ballet company, a studio company for advanced dance students, an Academy, and an education and outreach department.", "Colorado Ballet __knowledge__ Based in downtown Denver, Colorado, Colorado Ballet serves more than 125,000 patrons each year.", "Colorado Ballet __knowledge__ The professional company performs primarily at the Ellie Caulkins Opera House in the Denver Performing Arts Complex and one show each year at the Robert and Judi Newman Center for Performing Arts at the University of Denver.", "Colorado Ballet __knowledge__ Colorado Ballet performs classical ballets and contemporary works.", "Colorado Ballet __knowledge__ The Colorado Ballet Orchestra performs with the Company at the Ellie Caulkins Opera House, either at three or four productions a year.", "Marius Petipa __knowledge__ Marius Ivanovich Petipa (Russian: Ма́риус Ива́нович Петипа́), born Victor Marius Alphonse Petipa (11 March 1818) was a French and Russian ballet dancer, pedagogue and choreographer.", "Marius Petipa __knowledge__ Petipa is considered to be one of the most influential ballet master and choreographer in ballet history.", "Marius Petipa __knowledge__ Marius Petipa is noted for his long career as \"Premier maître de ballet\" (\"First Ballet Master\") of the St. Petersburg Imperial Theatres, making him Ballet Master and principal choreographer of the Imperial Ballet (precursor of the Kirov/Mariinsky Ballet), a position he held from 1871 until 1903.", "Marius Petipa __knowledge__ Petipa created over fifty ballets, some of which have survived in versions either faithful to, inspired by, or reconstructed from the original." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ballet __knowledge__ Ballet () is a type of performance dance that originated during the Italian Renaissance in the 15th century and later developed into a concert dance form in France and Russia.", "Ballet __knowledge__ It has since become a widespread, highly technical form of dance with its own vocabulary based on French terminology.", "Ballet __knowledge__ It has been globally influential and has defined the foundational techniques used in many other dance genres/cultures.", "Ballet __knowledge__ Ballet has been taught in various schools around the world, which have historically incorporated their own cultures to evolve the art.", "Ballet __knowledge__ See glossary of ballet.", "Ballet __knowledge__ A ballet, a work, consists of the choreography and music for a ballet production.", "Ballet __knowledge__ A well-known example of this is \"The Nutcracker\", a two-act ballet originally choreographed by Marius Petipa and Lev Ivanov with a music score by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.", "Ballet __knowledge__ Ballets are choreographed and performed by trained ballet dancers.", "Ballet __knowledge__ Traditional classical ballets usually are performed with classical music accompaniment and use elaborate costumes and staging, whereas modern ballets, such as the neoclassical works of American choreographer George Balanchine, often are performed in simple costumes (e.g., leotards and tights) and without the use of elaborate sets or scenery.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The Hobbit is a film series consisting of three high fantasy adventure films directed by Peter Jackson.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ They are based on the 1937 novel \"The Hobbit\" by J. R. R. Tolkien, with large portions of the trilogy inspired by the appendices to \"The Return of the King\", which expand on the story told in \"The Hobbit\", as well as new material and characters written especially for the films.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ Together they act as a prequel to Jackson's \"The Lord of the Rings\" film trilogy.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The films are subtitled \"\" (2012), \"\" (2013), and \"\" (2014).", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Fran Walsh, Philippa Boyens, Jackson, and Guillermo del Toro, who was originally chosen to direct before his departure from the project.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon Anne Mitchell (also Watts and Rickman) is a fictional character from the BBC One soap opera \"EastEnders\", played by Letitia Dean.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon is one of \"EastEnders\" original characters, appearing in the first episode broadcast on 19 February 1985.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ The character was conceptualised by Tony Holland and Julia Smith, the creators of \"EastEnders\".", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon was a teenager when the programme began: the adoptive daughter of Den and Angie Watts.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon remained a prominent character into the 1990s due to romantic pairings with brothers Grant (Ross Kemp) and Phil Mitchell (Steve McFadden).", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ In a long-running storyline dubbed \"Sharongate\", Sharon, married to Grant, has an affair with Phil.", "List of Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin characters __knowledge__ This article contains cast and character information for the ABS-CBN Philippine action drama television soap opera Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin.", "List of Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin characters __knowledge__ 2nd Lt. Alexander \"Xander\" S. Del Tierro (Coco Martin) He comes from a prominent family with a strong military background.", "List of Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin characters __knowledge__ He has a domineering grandfather who is one of the country's feared generals, a manipulative mother solely devoted to pleasing her father, her husband but not her own son, and a father who is a respected military officer and the only one who truly understands him.", "List of Minsan Lang Kita Iibigin characters __knowledge__ He has consistently refused to join the military academy, but one major mistake made him decide otherwise.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the BBC fantasy drama television series \"Merlin\", including supporting characters.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ \"Note: All characters are listed in alphabetical order by their first name.\"", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ Aglain (portrayed by Colin Salmon) was a Druid man who lived in the Forest of Acestir.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ In the second-season episode, \"The Nightmare Begins\", he, with the assistance of Mordred, rescued Morgana from a group of serkets, and later healed the injury she sustained from one of the creatures.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ While she resided with him and his fellow Druids, Aglain encouraged Morgana not to fear herself and her emerging abilities, telling her that magic was not evil and not something Uther should hate.", "Gavin & Stacey __knowledge__ Gavin & Stacey is a British sitcom that follows the long-distance relationship of Gavin Shipman (Mathew Horne) from Billericay in Essex, England, and Stacey West (Joanna Page) from Barry in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales.", "Gavin & Stacey __knowledge__ The writers of the show, actors James Corden and Ruth Jones, also co-star as Gavin and Stacey's friends, Smithy and Nessa.", "Gavin & Stacey __knowledge__ Other prominent cast members include Alison Steadman and Larry Lamb, who play Gavin's parents, Pam and Mick, and Melanie Walters and Rob Brydon, who portray Stacey's mother, Gwen, and her uncle, Bryn.", "Gavin & Stacey __knowledge__ The show was produced by Baby Cow Productions for BBC Wales.", "Colorado Ballet __knowledge__ Colorado Ballet encompasses a 31-member professional performing ballet company, a studio company for advanced dance students, an Academy, and an education and outreach department.", "Colorado Ballet __knowledge__ Based in downtown Denver, Colorado, Colorado Ballet serves more than 125,000 patrons each year.", "Colorado Ballet __knowledge__ The professional company performs primarily at the Ellie Caulkins Opera House in the Denver Performing Arts Complex and one show each year at the Robert and Judi Newman Center for Performing Arts at the University of Denver.", "Colorado Ballet __knowledge__ Colorado Ballet performs classical ballets and contemporary works.", "Colorado Ballet __knowledge__ The Colorado Ballet Orchestra performs with the Company at the Ellie Caulkins Opera House, either at three or four productions a year.", "Lillian Covillo __knowledge__ Lillian Covillo (1921 – November 22, 2010) was an American ballet dancer, and with Freidann Parker was co-founder of the professional dance company, Colorado Ballet.", "Lillian Covillo __knowledge__ Covillo's first exposure to dance came at age eight, when for weeks she watched ballet classes through garden-level windows at Denver's St. Philomena parochial school.", "Lillian Covillo __knowledge__ On a snowy day, teacher Lucille Brush beckoned her inside, offered the use of ballet slippers, tights and a tunic, and invited her to take a class.", "Lillian Covillo __knowledge__ Several years later, prior to Brush's marriage, she gave her dance studio to Covillo, who also replaced Brush as the teacher of dance and girls' basketball at Denver's Cathedral Grade School and High School.", "Gil Boggs __knowledge__ Gil Boggs is the Artistic Director of Colorado Ballet in Denver, Colorado.", "Gil Boggs __knowledge__ Boggs accepted the position of Artistic Director with Colorado Ballet in the Spring of 2006.", "Gil Boggs __knowledge__ In August 2014, Boggs re-signed a five-year contract to remain as Colorado Ballet's Artistic Director.", "Gil Boggs __knowledge__ During Boggs’ tenure with Colorado Ballet, he has re-staged full-length productions of Swan Lake, The Sleeping Beauty, Giselle, Don Quixote and Coppélia along with adding new full-length productions of Romeo & Juliet, Cinderella, Le Corsaire, Beauty and the Beast and Peter Pan.", "Gil Boggs __knowledge__ Boggs has also presented 15 world premieres and 12 Colorado Ballet premieres by choreographers Twyla Tharp, Lar Lubovitch, Antony Tudor, Val Caniparoli, Dwight Rhoden and Lynne Taylor-Corbett.", "Yosvani Ramos __knowledge__ Yosvani Ramos (born Yosvani Sabdiel Ramos Fontes on 23 June 1979) is a Cuban ballet dancer.", "Yosvani Ramos __knowledge__ He was a principal artist with The Australian Ballet from January 2008 until April 2013, after nine years as a principal with the English National Ballet.", "Yosvani Ramos __knowledge__ He joined Cincinnati Ballet as a principal dancer in August 2014 where he remained until the end of that season - May 2015.", "Yosvani Ramos __knowledge__ He is currently contracted to Colorado Ballet in Denver as a principal dancer, having commenced in August 2015.", "Yosvani Ramos __knowledge__ Ramos was born to Juan Ramos Barba and Gisela Fontes Lopez in Camagüey, Cuba.", "Yosvani Ramos __knowledge__ He studied dance at the Vocational School of Arts there from 1989, and in 1994 won the gold medal at the Vignale Festival of Dance.", "Wonderbound __knowledge__ Wonderbound (formerly Ballet Nouveau Colorado) is a contemporary ballet company based in Denver, Colorado.", "Wonderbound __knowledge__ It is the second largest ballet company in the state.", "Wonderbound __knowledge__ Ballet Nouveau Colorado was founded in 1992 as a non-profit student performing company and school, providing outreach performances for elementary schools in Adams County and Denver's North Metro area.", "Wonderbound __knowledge__ In 2002 BNC transitioned to maintaining a full-time contemporary ballet company.", "Wonderbound __knowledge__ Later in 2002 BNC was honored by the Colorado State House of Representatives with CO House Resolution #02-1009 \"for its commitment to bringing arts to the metropolitan region and for providing a wonderful educational haven to individuals who are interested in dance\".", "Maia Makhateli __knowledge__ Maia Makhateli (born ca.", "Maia Makhateli __knowledge__ 1986) is a Georgian ballet dancer.", "Maia Makhateli __knowledge__ After terms with the Colorado Ballet and the Birmingham Royal Ballet, she joined the Dutch National Ballet in 2006 where she now is a principal dancer.", "Maia Makhateli __knowledge__ Makhateli was born in Tbilisi, Georgia, to Nikoloz Makhateli and Marina Loladze, dancers at the Georgian National Ballet; her grandfather was a notable folk dancer in Georgia.", "Maia Makhateli __knowledge__ She trained in ballet in Tblisi at the Cabukiana Choreographic Institute with Larisa Chkikvishvili.", "Maia Makhateli __knowledge__ When she was 15, her father was offered a job with the Sun Valley Ballet School in Ketchum, Idaho, US.", "Maia Makhateli __knowledge__ Makhateli also attended the school where she danced in \"The Nutcracker\" together with her elder brother David Makhateli.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ Bronislava Nijinska (; , \"Bronislava Fominichna Nizhinskaya\", ); ( — February 21, 1972) was a Polish ballet dancer, and an innovative choreographer.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ She came of age in a family of professional dancers.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ Her career started in Sankt Peterburg, adventured to Paris, returned to Russia, then crested in France, and continued in Europe and the Americas.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ Nijinska played a pioneering role in the movement that diverged from 19th-century classical ballet.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ The introduction of modern form and motion, and a minimalist narrative, set the stage for neoclassical works to come.", "Bronislava Nijinska __knowledge__ After formal ballet training in Sankt Peterburg the Russian capital, she became an 'Artist of the Imperial Theatres' in 1908." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 6, 75, 46 ]

[ "I like ballet, since it originated in Italy it's pretty intense.", "It's something that's been taught in lots of schools around the world, it's evolved a lot too!", "Well I would say it is because it consists of choreography and music", "I hear the Colorado Ballet is awesome in the way that it does contemporary productions", "Me neither. But, if you are ever there they do three to four productions a year." ]

[ "Ballet", "Ballet", "Ballet", "Ballet", "Ballet" ]

[ "Jimmy Fallon\nMy friends are always talking about Jimmy Fallon, but I've never seen his show. Are you a fan?", "Oh, wow! I guess I'm not missing much then. Where is Jimmy Fallon from?", "That's exactly what I meant. How did his career get started?", "Oh, okay. So it sounds like he's always been into comedy. How old is he?", "Wow, he started on SNL when he was pretty young then. What else can you tell me about Jimmy Fallon?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ James Thomas Fallon (born September 19, 1974) is an American comedian, actor, television host and musician.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He is known for his work in television as a cast member on \"Saturday Night Live\" and as the host of late-night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\" and before that \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was born in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn and raised in Saugerties, New York.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He grew up with an interest in comedy and music, moving to Los Angeles at 21 to pursue opportunities in stand-up comedy.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was commissioned to join NBC's \"Saturday Night Live\" as a cast member in 1998, fulfilling a lifelong dream.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Fallon remained on \"SNL\" for six years between 1998 and 2004, co-hosting the program's Weekend Update segment and becoming a celebrity in the process.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He left the program for the film industry, starring in films such as \"Taxi\" (2004) and \"Fever Pitch\" (2005).", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Following his film career, Fallon returned to television as the host of \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\" on NBC in 2009, where he became well known for his emphasis on music and games.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He moved from that program to become the sixth permanent host of the long-running \"The Tonight Show\" in 2014.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ In addition to his television work, Fallon has released two comedy albums and five books.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Late Night with Jimmy Fallon is an American late-night talk show hosted by comedian Jimmy Fallon.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The hour-long show, which premiered on March 2, 2009, and ended on February 7, 2014, aired weeknights at 12:35 am Eastern/11:35 pm Central on NBC in the United States.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The third incarnation of the \"Late Night\" franchise originated by David Letterman, the program originated from NBC Studio 6B (and Studio 6A for the final 6 months of its run) in the GE Building at 30 Rockefeller Center in New York City.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show typically opened with a brief monologue from Fallon, followed by a comedy \"desk piece,\" as well as prerecorded segments and audience competitions.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon is an American late-night talk show hosted by Jimmy Fallon, on NBC.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show premiered on February 17, 2014, and is produced by Broadway Video and Universal Television.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ It is the seventh incarnation of NBC's long-running \"Tonight Show\" franchise, with Fallon serving as the sixth host.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show also stars sidekick and announcer Steve Higgins and house band The Roots.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ \"The Tonight Show\" is produced by Katie Hockmeyer and executive-produced by Lorne Michaels.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show records from Studio 6B in Rockefeller Center, New York City.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ This was where \"The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson\" was filmed until 1972.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The 2010 \"Tonight Show\" conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ Leno, the host of long-running franchise \"The Tonight Show\" since 1992, and O'Brien, host of \"Late Night\" since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for the network for much of the decade.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ When O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, when they informed him he would remain host for five more years and then transition the show to O'Brien in 2009.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon is a 3D motion-simulator attraction at Universal Studios Florida based on Jimmy Fallon's tenure at \"The Tonight Show\".", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ It opened on April 6, 2017.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\" is an American late-night talk show hosted by \"Saturday Night Live\" alum, Jimmy Fallon, on NBC.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show premiered on February 17, 2014, and it is the seventh incarnation of NBC's long-running \"Tonight Show\" franchise, with Fallon serving as the sixth host.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show also stars sidekick and announcer Steve Higgins and house band The Roots.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ \"The Tonight Show\" originates from Studio 6B, where Johnny Carson's \"Tonight Show\" also was taped, in Rockefeller Center, New York City.", "The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson __knowledge__ The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson is an American late-night talk show hosted by Scottish American comedian Craig Ferguson.", "The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson __knowledge__ It was the third iteration of the \"Late Late Show\" franchise, airing from 2005 to 2014.", "The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson __knowledge__ It followed the \"Late Show with David Letterman\" in the CBS late-night lineup, airing weekdays in the U.S. at 12:37 a.m.", "The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson __knowledge__ Taped in front of a live studio audience from Monday to Friday at CBS Television City in Los Angeles, California, directly above the Bob Barker Studio (Studio 33), it was produced by David Letterman's production company Worldwide Pants Incorporated and CBS Television Studios." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ James Thomas Fallon (born September 19, 1974) is an American comedian, actor, television host and musician.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He is known for his work in television as a cast member on \"Saturday Night Live\" and as the host of late-night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\" and before that \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was born in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn and raised in Saugerties, New York.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He grew up with an interest in comedy and music, moving to Los Angeles at 21 to pursue opportunities in stand-up comedy.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was commissioned to join NBC's \"Saturday Night Live\" as a cast member in 1998, fulfilling a lifelong dream.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Fallon remained on \"SNL\" for six years between 1998 and 2004, co-hosting the program's Weekend Update segment and becoming a celebrity in the process.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He left the program for the film industry, starring in films such as \"Taxi\" (2004) and \"Fever Pitch\" (2005).", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Following his film career, Fallon returned to television as the host of \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\" on NBC in 2009, where he became well known for his emphasis on music and games.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He moved from that program to become the sixth permanent host of the long-running \"The Tonight Show\" in 2014.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ In addition to his television work, Fallon has released two comedy albums and five books.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Late Night with Jimmy Fallon is an American late-night talk show hosted by comedian Jimmy Fallon.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The hour-long show, which premiered on March 2, 2009, and ended on February 7, 2014, aired weeknights at 12:35 am Eastern/11:35 pm Central on NBC in the United States.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The third incarnation of the \"Late Night\" franchise originated by David Letterman, the program originated from NBC Studio 6B (and Studio 6A for the final 6 months of its run) in the GE Building at 30 Rockefeller Center in New York City.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show typically opened with a brief monologue from Fallon, followed by a comedy \"desk piece,\" as well as prerecorded segments and audience competitions.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon is an American late-night talk show hosted by Jimmy Fallon, on NBC.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show premiered on February 17, 2014, and is produced by Broadway Video and Universal Television.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ It is the seventh incarnation of NBC's long-running \"Tonight Show\" franchise, with Fallon serving as the sixth host.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show also stars sidekick and announcer Steve Higgins and house band The Roots.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ \"The Tonight Show\" is produced by Katie Hockmeyer and executive-produced by Lorne Michaels.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show records from Studio 6B in Rockefeller Center, New York City.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ This was where \"The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson\" was filmed until 1972.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon is a 3D motion-simulator attraction at Universal Studios Florida based on Jimmy Fallon's tenure at \"The Tonight Show\".", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ It opened on April 6, 2017.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\" is an American late-night talk show hosted by \"Saturday Night Live\" alum, Jimmy Fallon, on NBC.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show premiered on February 17, 2014, and it is the seventh incarnation of NBC's long-running \"Tonight Show\" franchise, with Fallon serving as the sixth host.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show also stars sidekick and announcer Steve Higgins and house band The Roots.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ \"The Tonight Show\" originates from Studio 6B, where Johnny Carson's \"Tonight Show\" also was taped, in Rockefeller Center, New York City.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The 2010 \"Tonight Show\" conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ Leno, the host of long-running franchise \"The Tonight Show\" since 1992, and O'Brien, host of \"Late Night\" since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for the network for much of the decade.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ When O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, when they informed him he would remain host for five more years and then transition the show to O'Brien in 2009.", "The Roots __knowledge__ The Roots is an American hip hop band, formed in 1987 by Tariq \"Black Thought\" Trotter and Ahmir \"Questlove\" Thompson in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.", "The Roots __knowledge__ The Roots are known for a jazzy and eclectic approach to hip-hop featuring live musical instruments.", "The Roots __knowledge__ Malik B., Leonard \"Hub\" Hubbard, and Josh Abrams were added to the band (formerly named \"The Square Roots\").", "The Roots __knowledge__ Since its first independent album-length release the band has released 10 studio albums, two EPs, two collaboration albums (with other artists), and also collaborated on recordings and in live shows with a wide variety of artists in many musical genres.", "The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien __knowledge__ The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien is an American late-night talk show that featured Conan O'Brien as host from June 1, 2009, to January 22, 2010, as part of NBC's long-running \"Tonight Show\" franchise.", "The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien __knowledge__ O'Brien previously hosted NBC's \"Late Night with Conan O'Brien\", which followed \"The Tonight Show with Jay Leno\" for 16 years, until his brief succession over Leno.", "The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien __knowledge__ Many members of the \"Late Night\" cast and crew made the transition to \"The Tonight Show\".", "The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien __knowledge__ The Max Weinberg 7, the house band from O'Brien's \"Late Night\", served as the house band under the new name, Max Weinberg and The Tonight Show Band.", "The Tonight Show __knowledge__ The Tonight Show is an American late-night talk show currently broadcast from the NBC studios in Rockefeller Center in New York City (and previously from various studios in the Los Angeles region) and airing on NBC since 1954.", "The Tonight Show __knowledge__ It is the world's longest-running talk show, and the longest running, regularly scheduled entertainment program in the United States.", "The Tonight Show __knowledge__ It is the third-longest-running show on NBC, after the news-and-talk shows \"Today\" and \"Meet the Press\".", "The Tonight Show __knowledge__ Over the course of more than 60 years, \"The Tonight Show\" has undergone only minor title changes.", "The Tonight Show __knowledge__ It aired under the name \"Tonight\" for several of its early years, eventually settling on \"The Tonight Show\" after the seating of long-time host Johnny Carson in 1962." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ James Thomas Fallon (born September 19, 1974) is an American comedian, actor, television host and musician.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He is known for his work in television as a cast member on \"Saturday Night Live\" and as the host of late-night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\" and before that \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was born in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn and raised in Saugerties, New York.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He grew up with an interest in comedy and music, moving to Los Angeles at 21 to pursue opportunities in stand-up comedy.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was commissioned to join NBC's \"Saturday Night Live\" as a cast member in 1998, fulfilling a lifelong dream.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Fallon remained on \"SNL\" for six years between 1998 and 2004, co-hosting the program's Weekend Update segment and becoming a celebrity in the process.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He left the program for the film industry, starring in films such as \"Taxi\" (2004) and \"Fever Pitch\" (2005).", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Following his film career, Fallon returned to television as the host of \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\" on NBC in 2009, where he became well known for his emphasis on music and games.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He moved from that program to become the sixth permanent host of the long-running \"The Tonight Show\" in 2014.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ In addition to his television work, Fallon has released two comedy albums and five books.", "I Can't Get Started __knowledge__ \"I Can't Get Started\" (also known as \"I Can't Get Started with You\" or \"I Can't Get Started (with You)\") is a popular song, with lyrics by Ira Gershwin and music by Vernon Duke (1936), that was first heard in the theatrical production \"Ziegfeld Follies of 1936\" where it was sung by Bob Hope.", "I Can't Get Started __knowledge__ Hal Kemp and his Orchestra recorded it at that time and it had a bit of popularity, rising briefly to 14th place on the recording charts.", "I Can't Get Started __knowledge__ Probably the three most popular vintage recorded versions are those of Bunny Berigan, Billie Holiday and Frank Sinatra.", "I Can't Get Started __knowledge__ \"I Can't Get Started\" is the plaintive song of a man who has achieved and won everything he could hope for, except the attention of the woman he desires.", "If You Wanna Party (I Found Lovin') __knowledge__ \"Let's Get Started\" and \"If You Wanna Party (I Found Lovin')\" are in fact the same song, but with different titles.", "If You Wanna Party (I Found Lovin') __knowledge__ It was the second single released by All Saints 1.9.7.5 and All Saints when the band re-launched.", "If You Wanna Party (I Found Lovin') __knowledge__ \"Let's Get Started\" was used as the title for the Japan release in April 1995, while \"If You Wanna Party (I Found Lovin')\" was used for its UK release in September 1995.", "If You Wanna Party (I Found Lovin') __knowledge__ The single was originally recorded as All Saints 1.9.7.5, without Natalie and Nicole Appleton but with original member Simone Rainford, before she left the band.", "If You Wanna Party (I Found Lovin') __knowledge__ Although Simone remains performing backing vocals on the single, she is not, however, featured on the single cover or listed as a main performer on the track, due to her leaving the band before the actual single was released.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 4 is the eleventh season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Olivia Ward, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It premiered on January 4, 2011.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ Along with existing trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels, two new trainers (Cara Castronuova and Brett Hoebel) will be featured who were revealed in Week 3.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ One of the featured contestants is Rulon Gardner, a former gold medalist at the 2000 Summer Olympics.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It was the longest season in Biggest Loser history at 20 weeks long.", "Bunny Berigan __knowledge__ Roland Bernard \"Bunny\" Berigan (November 2, 1908 – June 2, 1942) was an American jazz trumpeter and bandleader who rose to fame during the swing era, but whose career and influence were shortened by a losing battle with alcoholism that ended with his early death at age 33 from cirrhosis.", "Bunny Berigan __knowledge__ Although he composed some jazz instrumentals such as \"Chicken and Waffles\" and \"Blues\", Berigan was best known for his virtuoso jazz trumpeting.", "Bunny Berigan __knowledge__ His 1937 classic recording \"I Can't Get Started\" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1975.", "Bunny Berigan __knowledge__ Berigan was born in Hilbert, Wisconsin, the son of William Patrick Berigan and Mary Catherine (Mayme) Schlitzberg, and raised in Fox Lake.", "Miguel Sabah __knowledge__ Miguel Sabah Rodríguez (born November 14, 1979) is a retired Mexican football striker.", "Miguel Sabah __knowledge__ Throughout his career Sabah played with Guadalajara, Cruz Azul, Monarcas Morelia, and Club León.", "Miguel Sabah __knowledge__ Sabah made his debut in the Invierno 2000 with Guadalajara entering in the 46th minute.", "Miguel Sabah __knowledge__ Sabah played five years with Guadalajara until transferring to Cruz Azul in the Apertura 2006.", "Miguel Sabah __knowledge__ Sabah was transferred to Morelia in the Clausura 2009, where he was the best Mexican-born goalscorer of the season with 11 goals.", "Miguel Sabah __knowledge__ Sabah made 17 appearances for the Mexico national team and was the top scorer of the 2009 CONCACAF Gold Cup.", "Tips (Windows) __knowledge__ Tips is the latest of a series of tutorial hubs in Microsoft Windows that provides information about using features.", "Tips (Windows) __knowledge__ Information is presented as screenshots, text descriptions, videos, and web links.", "Tips (Windows) __knowledge__ As Windows upgrades have traditionally been drastic, each version since Windows 95 has had its own tutorial app, and the name has changed frequently.", "Tips (Windows) __knowledge__ Notably, the feature list shown has tended to expand as newer versions of Windows are released and the most recently released tutorial receives updates through the Windows Store, allowing it to receive updates more frequently than Windows itself is upgraded.", "Billie Holiday __knowledge__ Eleanora Fagan (April 7, 1915 – July 17, 1959), better known as Billie Holiday, was an American jazz musician and singer-songwriter with a career spanning nearly thirty years.", "Billie Holiday __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Lady Day\" by her friend and music partner Lester Young, Holiday had a seminal influence on jazz music and pop singing.", "Billie Holiday __knowledge__ Her vocal style, strongly inspired by jazz instrumentalists, pioneered a new way of manipulating phrasing and tempo.", "Billie Holiday __knowledge__ She was known for her vocal delivery and improvisational skills, which made up for her limited range and lack of formal music education.", "Billie Holiday __knowledge__ After a turbulent childhood, Holiday began singing in nightclubs in Harlem, where she was heard by the producer John Hammond, who commended her voice.", "Bay Ridge, Brooklyn __knowledge__ Bay Ridge is a neighborhood in the southwest corner of the New York City borough of Brooklyn.", "Bay Ridge, Brooklyn __knowledge__ It is bounded by Sunset Park on the north, Dyker Heights on the east, the Narrows and the Belt Parkway on the west, Fort Hamilton Army Base in the southeast corner, and the Verrazano Bridge on the south.", "Bay Ridge, Brooklyn __knowledge__ The first Dutch settlers began farming here in the 17th century.", "Bay Ridge, Brooklyn __knowledge__ Well into the 19th century, what’s now considered Bay Ridge consisted of two sister villages: Yellow Hook to the north, named for the color of the soil, and Fort Hamilton to the south, named for the military installation at its center.", "Bay Ridge, Brooklyn __knowledge__ The latter began to develop in the 1830s as a resort destination.", "Bay Ridge United Church __knowledge__ Bay Ridge United Church (BRUC) was located on Bay Ridge Parkway (636) in the Bay Ridge Section of Brooklyn, New York.", "Bay Ridge United Church __knowledge__ The congregation was a blend of two churches from two similar but different denominations and was a member of both the Reformed Church in America and the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.).", "Bay Ridge United Church __knowledge__ The South Reformed Church, an offshoot of the Old First Reformed Church (Brooklyn, New York) was organized in 1838.", "Bay Ridge United Church __knowledge__ Its first building was a plain wooden structure measuring 40 by 55 feet which stood on the corner of 43rd Street and Third Avenue.", "Bay Ridge United Church __knowledge__ Mr. George King was the architect, the Messrs. Rhoades, the carpenters, and the Messrs. Buchanan and Van Nostrand the masons, having completed it at a contract price of $1660 on June 23, 1840.", "History of the Long Island Rail Road __knowledge__ The Long Island Rail Road is a railroad owned by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority in the U.S. state of New York.", "History of the Long Island Rail Road __knowledge__ It is the oldest United States railroad still operating under its original name and charter.", "History of the Long Island Rail Road __knowledge__ It consolidated several other companies in the late 19th century.", "History of the Long Island Rail Road __knowledge__ The Pennsylvania Railroad owned the Long Island Rail Road for the majority of the 20th century and sold it to the State in 1966.", "History of the Long Island Rail Road __knowledge__ The LIRR's history stretches back to the Brooklyn and Jamaica Rail Road, incorporated on April 25, 1832 to build a ten-mile line from the East River in Brooklyn through the communities of Brooklyn, Bedford, and East New York to Jamaica.", "Brooklyn __knowledge__ Brooklyn () is the most populous borough of New York City, with a census-estimated 2,629,150 residents in 2016.", "Brooklyn __knowledge__ It borders the borough of Queens at the southwestern end in the same Long Island, and has several bridge connections to the nearby boroughs of Staten Island and Manhattan.", "Brooklyn __knowledge__ Since 1896, the borough has been coterminous with Kings County, the most populous county in the U.S. state of New York and the second-most densely populated county in the United States, after the county of New York (which is coextensive with the borough of Manhattan).", "Brooklyn __knowledge__ With a land area of and water area of , Kings County is New York's fourth-smallest county by land area and third-smallest by total area, though it is the second-largest among the city's five boroughs.", "Staten Island Tunnel __knowledge__ The Staten Island Tunnel is an abandoned, incomplete railway/subway tunnel in New York City.", "Staten Island Tunnel __knowledge__ It was intended to connect railways on Staten Island (precursors to the modern-day Staten Island Railway) to the BMT Fourth Avenue Line of the New York City Subway, in Brooklyn, via a new crossing under the Narrows.", "Staten Island Tunnel __knowledge__ Planned to extend , the tunnel would have been among the world's longest at the time of its planning, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.", "Staten Island Tunnel __knowledge__ Construction began in 1923, and the tunnel was excavated into the Narrows before New York City Mayor John Hylan, a former Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation (BMT) employee and initial proponent of the tunnel, canceled the project in 1925.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ Since its founding in 1625 by Dutch traders as New Amsterdam, New York City has been a major destination for immigrants of many nationalities who have formed ethnic enclaves, neighborhoods dominated by one ethnicity.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ Freed African American slaves also moved to New York City in the Great Migration and the later Second Great Migration and formed ethnic enclaves.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ These neighborhoods are set apart from the main city by differences such as food, goods for sale, or even language.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ Ethnic enclaves provide inhabitants security in work and social opportunities, but limit economic opportunities, do not encourage the development of English speaking, and keep immigrants in their own culture.", "Staten Island Ferry __knowledge__ The Staten Island Ferry is a passenger ferry route operated by the New York City Department of Transportation.", "Staten Island Ferry __knowledge__ It runs in New York Harbor between the New York City boroughs of Manhattan and Staten Island.", "Staten Island Ferry __knowledge__ The ferry operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, running every 15 to 20 minutes during peak hours and every 30 minutes at other times.", "Staten Island Ferry __knowledge__ Since 1997, the Staten Island Ferry has been fare-free, though historically, it has charged a relatively low fare compared to other modes of transit in the area.", "Staten Island Ferry __knowledge__ The Staten Island Ferry is one of several ferry systems in the New York City area, besides NYC Ferry, SeaStreak, New York Water Taxi, and NY Waterway." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ James Thomas Fallon (born September 19, 1974) is an American comedian, actor, television host and musician.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He is known for his work in television as a cast member on \"Saturday Night Live\" and as the host of late-night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\" and before that \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was born in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn and raised in Saugerties, New York.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He grew up with an interest in comedy and music, moving to Los Angeles at 21 to pursue opportunities in stand-up comedy.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was commissioned to join NBC's \"Saturday Night Live\" as a cast member in 1998, fulfilling a lifelong dream.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Fallon remained on \"SNL\" for six years between 1998 and 2004, co-hosting the program's Weekend Update segment and becoming a celebrity in the process.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He left the program for the film industry, starring in films such as \"Taxi\" (2004) and \"Fever Pitch\" (2005).", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Following his film career, Fallon returned to television as the host of \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\" on NBC in 2009, where he became well known for his emphasis on music and games.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He moved from that program to become the sixth permanent host of the long-running \"The Tonight Show\" in 2014.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ In addition to his television work, Fallon has released two comedy albums and five books.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken was a band from Melbourne, Australia, which formed in 1999 and disbanded in 2007.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were one of Australia's most well-known ska bands and one of the most popular Christian bands in the country.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were signed to Boomtown Records.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken's musical style included a blend of Ska, Hardcore, Reggae & Rock.The band placed a high emphasis on touring and were known for their \"high energy\" live performances.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken shared stages and toured with such bands, including Reel Big Fish, Mad Caddies, Crowned King, Hilltop Hoods, Kisschasy, Area-7, Gyroscope, Bodyjar, 28 Days, Killing Heidi, The O.C.", "Diver Down __knowledge__ Diver Down is the fifth studio album by American hard rock band Van Halen, released in 1982.", "Diver Down __knowledge__ It spent 65 weeks on the album chart in the United States and had, by 1998, sold four million copies in the US.", "Diver Down __knowledge__ The album cover artwork displays the \"diver down\" flag used in many US jurisdictions (which indicates a SCUBA diver is currently submerged in the area).", "Diver Down __knowledge__ Asked about the cover in a 1982 interview with Sylvie Simmons (\"Sounds\", June 23, 1982), David Lee Roth said it was meant to imply that \"there was something going on that's not apparent to your eyes.", "Diver Down __knowledge__ You put up the red flag with the white slash.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "XTC __knowledge__ XTC were an English rock band formed in Swindon in 1972 and active until 2006.", "XTC __knowledge__ Led by songwriters Andy Partridge and Colin Moulding, the band gained popularity during the rise of punk and new wave in the 1970s, later playing in a variety of styles that ranged from angular guitar riffs to elaborately arranged pop.", "XTC __knowledge__ Partly because the group did not fit into contemporary trends, they failed to maintain commercial success in the UK and US.", "XTC __knowledge__ They have since attracted a considerable cult following, and are recognised for their influence on Britpop and later power pop acts.", "XTC __knowledge__ Partridge (guitar, vocals) and Moulding (bass, vocals) met at a record store in the early 1970s and subsequently formed a glitter rock outfit with drummer Terry Chambers.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ Saturday Night Live (SNL) is an American late-night live television variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Dick Ebersol.", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ The show premiered on NBC on October 11, 1975, under the original title NBC's Saturday Night.", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ The show's comedy sketches, which parody contemporary culture and politics, are performed by a large and varying cast of repertory and newer cast members.", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ Each episode is hosted by a celebrity guest, who usually delivers an opening monologue and performs in sketches with the cast as with featured performances by a musical guest.", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ An episode normally begins with a cold open sketch that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming, \"Live from New York, it's Saturday Night!", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ \"The Last Voyage of the Starship \"Enterprise\"\" is a comedy sketch that first aired on May 29, 1976, during episode 22 of the first season of the NBC variety show, \"Saturday Night Live\".", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ The twelve-minute sketch was written by Michael O'Donoghue during a month-long process consulting with actor John Belushi.", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ The sketch is a satire of the 1969 cancellation of \"\".", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ The set design featured an effective replica of the bridge of the U.S.S \"Enterprise\".", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ Dress rehearsal was difficult, with the writer doubting whether Belushi would be able to pull off an effective parody of William Shatner's performance as Captain James Kirk.", "NBC __knowledge__ The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American English language commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast.", "NBC __knowledge__ The network is headquartered at 30 Rockefeller Plaza in New York City, with additional major offices near Los Angeles (at 10 Universal City Plaza), and Chicago (at the NBC Tower).", "NBC __knowledge__ The network is part of the Big Three television networks.", "NBC __knowledge__ NBC is sometimes referred to as the \"Peacock Network\", in reference to its stylized peacock logo, introduced in 1956 to promote the company's innovations in early color broadcasting.", "History of Saturday Night Live (1975–80) __knowledge__ \"Saturday Night Live\" is an American sketch comedy series created and produced by Lorne Michaels for most of the show's run.", "History of Saturday Night Live (1975–80) __knowledge__ The show has aired on NBC since 1975.", "History of Saturday Night Live (1975–80) __knowledge__ \"Saturday Night Live\" was not an immediate hit with an emphasis on musical performances, the show soon developed its own identity with help from the \"Not Ready For Prime Time Players\".", "History of Saturday Night Live (1975–80) __knowledge__ After an unstable first season, more and more sketch comedy got on the air, and \"SNL\" became something of a New York institution.", "History of Saturday Night Live (1975–80) __knowledge__ The first four seasons of the show were a hit both commercially and critically, catapulting the original cast into stardom.", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ The Land of Gorch was a recurring skit that appeared in season one of the American comedy television program \"Saturday Night Live,\" featuring Jim Henson's Muppets.", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ Prior to his work for children on \"Sesame Street\", Henson had created puppetry work, including his show \"Sam and Friends\", for adult audiences.", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ His characters appeared regularly on the late-night comedy television programs, and \"The Ed Sullivan Show\".", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ After \"Sesame Street\", Henson feared he would become typecast into working on children's television series.", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ His talent agent Bernie Brillstein, who represented Gilda Radner, Dan Aykroyd, and John Belushi, helped him transition to \"Saturday Night Live\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ James Thomas Fallon (born September 19, 1974) is an American comedian, actor, television host and musician.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He is known for his work in television as a cast member on \"Saturday Night Live\" and as the host of late-night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\" and before that \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was born in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn and raised in Saugerties, New York.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He grew up with an interest in comedy and music, moving to Los Angeles at 21 to pursue opportunities in stand-up comedy.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was commissioned to join NBC's \"Saturday Night Live\" as a cast member in 1998, fulfilling a lifelong dream.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Fallon remained on \"SNL\" for six years between 1998 and 2004, co-hosting the program's Weekend Update segment and becoming a celebrity in the process.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He left the program for the film industry, starring in films such as \"Taxi\" (2004) and \"Fever Pitch\" (2005).", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Following his film career, Fallon returned to television as the host of \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\" on NBC in 2009, where he became well known for his emphasis on music and games.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He moved from that program to become the sixth permanent host of the long-running \"The Tonight Show\" in 2014.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ In addition to his television work, Fallon has released two comedy albums and five books.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Late Night with Jimmy Fallon is an American late-night talk show hosted by comedian Jimmy Fallon.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The hour-long show, which premiered on March 2, 2009, and ended on February 7, 2014, aired weeknights at 12:35 am Eastern/11:35 pm Central on NBC in the United States.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The third incarnation of the \"Late Night\" franchise originated by David Letterman, the program originated from NBC Studio 6B (and Studio 6A for the final 6 months of its run) in the GE Building at 30 Rockefeller Center in New York City.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show typically opened with a brief monologue from Fallon, followed by a comedy \"desk piece,\" as well as prerecorded segments and audience competitions.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon is an American late-night talk show hosted by Jimmy Fallon, on NBC.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show premiered on February 17, 2014, and is produced by Broadway Video and Universal Television.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ It is the seventh incarnation of NBC's long-running \"Tonight Show\" franchise, with Fallon serving as the sixth host.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show also stars sidekick and announcer Steve Higgins and house band The Roots.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ \"The Tonight Show\" is produced by Katie Hockmeyer and executive-produced by Lorne Michaels.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show records from Studio 6B in Rockefeller Center, New York City.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ This was where \"The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson\" was filmed until 1972.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ Saturday Night Live (SNL) is an American late-night live television variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Dick Ebersol.", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ The show premiered on NBC on October 11, 1975, under the original title NBC's Saturday Night.", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ The show's comedy sketches, which parody contemporary culture and politics, are performed by a large and varying cast of repertory and newer cast members.", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ Each episode is hosted by a celebrity guest, who usually delivers an opening monologue and performs in sketches with the cast as with featured performances by a musical guest.", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ An episode normally begins with a cold open sketch that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming, \"Live from New York, it's Saturday Night!", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon is a 3D motion-simulator attraction at Universal Studios Florida based on Jimmy Fallon's tenure at \"The Tonight Show\".", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ It opened on April 6, 2017.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\" is an American late-night talk show hosted by \"Saturday Night Live\" alum, Jimmy Fallon, on NBC.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show premiered on February 17, 2014, and it is the seventh incarnation of NBC's long-running \"Tonight Show\" franchise, with Fallon serving as the sixth host.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show also stars sidekick and announcer Steve Higgins and house band The Roots.", "Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ \"The Tonight Show\" originates from Studio 6B, where Johnny Carson's \"Tonight Show\" also was taped, in Rockefeller Center, New York City.", "The Guess Who __knowledge__ The Guess Who are a Canadian rock band, formed in Winnipeg in 1965.", "The Guess Who __knowledge__ Initially gaining recognition in Canada, the group found international success from the late 1960s through the mid-1970s with many hit singles, including \"No Time\", \"American Woman\", \"Laughing\", \"These Eyes\", \"Undun\" and \"Share the Land\".", "The Guess Who __knowledge__ The band have continued to perform and record to the present day; and at various times have included many well-known musicians, including Burton Cummings and Randy Bachman (of Bachman–Turner Overdrive).", "The Guess Who __knowledge__ Formed as a garage rock band, their musical style encompassed the pop rock and psychedelic rock genres.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Pricing games are featured on the current version of the American game show The Price Is Right.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ The contestant from Contestants' Row who bids closest to the price of a prize without going over wins the prize and has the chance to win additional prizes or cash in an onstage game.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ After the pricing game ends, a new contestant is selected for Contestants' Row and the process is repeated.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Six pricing games are played on each hour-long episode.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Prior to expanding to one hour in length, three games per episode were played during the half-hour format.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ With the exception of a single game from early in the show's history, only one contestant at a time is involved in a pricing game.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Guess (styled as GUESS or Guess?)", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ is an American clothing brand and retailer.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ In addition to clothing for both men and women, Guess markets other fashion accessories such as watches, jewelry, perfumes, and shoes.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Guess began in 1981 as a book of styles by Georges Marciano.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Maurice, Georges brother, was first sought by Georges to help with product development.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Armand and Paul, also Georges' brothers, were in charge of distribution and advertising, respectively.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Armand ran distribution.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Paul created the advertising, all of it in-house.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Georges designed the clothes, burnishing Guess' signature style: stonewashed denim, lighter in color, softer and more form-fitting than the competitors.", "Yidan Prize __knowledge__ The Yidan Prize (/ji: ‘dan/） is an educational prize founded in 2016 by Dr Charles Chen Yidan.", "Yidan Prize __knowledge__ The prize is awarded each year to two individuals or organizations whose work has made profound contributions to education research and development.", "Yidan Prize __knowledge__ The prize comprises two categories: the Yidan Prize for Education Research, which recognizes outstanding research that makes significant contributions to education, and the Yidan Prize for Education Development, which recognizes innovative ideas that tackle pressing challenges in the field of education.", "Yidan Prize __knowledge__ The Prize is financed and governed by a HK$2.5 billion (about US$320 million) independent trust.", "Probe Audio __knowledge__ Probe Audio (Sound Check) is the debut solo album from Romanian rapper Guess Who.", "Probe Audio __knowledge__ It was produced by Agresiv, Sez and other producers and released April 25, 2009 by Okapi Sound in Romania.", "Probe Audio __knowledge__ It was re-released as \"Locul Potrivit/Probe Audio\" by Cat Music on December 8, 2009 in Romania including three new tracks and a remix and remains one of the most critically acclaimed hip hop albums in Romania.", "Probe Audio __knowledge__ After departing from Paraziţii's 20 CM Records in 2007 and taking a break from recording with his own group, Anonim, Guess Who immediately moved on to record his own album.", "Probe Audio __knowledge__ Teaming up with Agresiv, a duo of Bucharest-based producers, he started working extensively on new tracks with a rather unconventional approach.", "Gillian Guess __knowledge__ Gillian Guess (born 1955) is a Vancouver woman who was convicted in 1998 of obstruction of justice after becoming romantically involved with a murder defendant while she was a juror in his 1995 trial.", "Gillian Guess __knowledge__ Her case became significant because it set legal precedents in four areas of Canadian Law: it was the first case where a juror had sexual relations with a murder defendant during his trial; the only case where a juror has faced criminal sanction for the decision they have made; the only case in Canadian law where jury room discussions were made part of the public record.", "Gillian Guess __knowledge__ Regarding the sanctity of juror deliberations up until Guess was arrested, there was no law in Canada that made her actions illegal and more over, the procedures used in her trial may have violated Guess' rights under the Canadian Charter.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 5, 1, 10 ]

[ "I'm not honestly, I've seen clips of him from his show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\" and it seems really scripted and the reactions are obnoxious.", "If you mean physical location wise, he was born in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn and raised in Saugerties, New York.", "Well his big break came in 1998 when he was commissioned to join NBC's Saturday Night Live as a cast member.", "He was born on September 19th, 1974, so I guess that makes him 44.", "I can tell you that his talents also extend into the written world, as he's released five books and even two comedy albums!" ]

[ "Jimmy Fallon", "Jimmy Fallon", "Jimmy Fallon", "Jimmy Fallon", "Jimmy Fallon" ]

[ "French cuisine\nWhen I first started working at a brasserie, I knew nothing about traditional french cooking methods, but over time I came to respect them. What's your favorite cuisine?", "Ah so you appreciate french food as well! I worked as a garmage, which consisted of making salads, stocks and chopping all the herbs. What french cheeses do you like?", "I heart that! I'm partial to Epoisses, although a lot of people can't get over the smell. It's a wash-rind cheese - smells like feet but it tastes like butter!", "That's true! French cuisine has influenced food all over the world! The Vietnamese Bahn Mi is made on traditional french bread.", "That's understandable. The Mirepoix is the base of so many dishes; traditionally carrots, celery and onion, but regional variations exist!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine consists of the cooking traditions and practices from France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 14th century Guillaume Tirel, a court chef known as \"Taillevent\", wrote \"Le Viandier\", one of the earliest recipe collections of medieval France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ During that time, French cuisine was heavily influenced by Italian cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 17th century, chefs François Pierre La Varenne and Marie-Antoine Carême spearheaded movements that shifted French cooking away from its foreign influences and developed France's own indigenous style.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Cheese and wine are a major part of the cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ They play different roles regionally and nationally, with many variations and \"appellation d'origine contrôlée\" (AOC) (regulated appellation) laws.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine was codified in the 20th century by Auguste Escoffier to become the modern haute cuisine; Escoffier, however, left out much of the local culinary character to be found in the regions of France and was considered difficult to execute by home cooks.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gastro-tourism and the \"Guide Michelin\" helped to acquaint people with the rich bourgeois and peasant cuisine of the French countryside starting in the 20th century.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gascon cuisine has also had great influence over the cuisine in the southwest of France.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ \"\" is a manga series written by Yūto Tsukuda and illustrated by Shun Saeki, serialized in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\".", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ 27 tankōbon volumes have been released.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ An anime adaptation has aired 49 episodes over 3 seasons.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ The story follows protagonist and title character Sōma Yukihira as he transfers to the elite Tōtsuki Culinary Academy, an extremely competitive atmosphere, where only the top 1% of students graduate in.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Under the motto \"Cooking is Everything\", students are judged on their cooking for admission to the academy and in many classes, tournaments and events.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Competition may lead to a Shokugeki, a cooking match held in an indoor stadium, where students stake their pride and futures as chefs.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, CBE (born Elizabeth Gwynne, 26 December 1913 – 22 May 1992) was a British cookery writer.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the mid-20th century she strongly influenced the revitalisation of home cookery in her native country and beyond with articles and books about European cuisines and traditional British dishes.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Born to an upper-class family, David rebelled against social norms of the day.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the 1930s she studied art in Paris, became an actress, and ran off with a married man with whom she sailed in a small boat to Italy, where their boat was confiscated.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ They reached Greece, where they were nearly trapped by the German invasion in 1941, but escaped to Egypt, where they parted.", "Cuisine of the Thirteen Colonies __knowledge__ The cuisine of the Thirteen Colonies includes the foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of the Colonial United States.", "Cuisine of the Thirteen Colonies __knowledge__ In the period leading up to 1776, a number of events led to a drastic change in the diet of the American colonists.", "Cuisine of the Thirteen Colonies __knowledge__ As they could no longer depend on British and West Indian imports, agricultural practices of the colonists began to focus on becoming completely self-sufficient.", "Cuisine of the Thirteen Colonies __knowledge__ In the early 17th century, the first wave of English immigrants began arriving in North America, settling mainly around Chesapeake Bay in Virginia and Maryland.", "Cuisine of the Thirteen Colonies __knowledge__ The Virginian settlers were dominated by English noblemen with their servants (many were Cavaliers fleeing in the aftermath of the English Civil War 1642–51) and poor peasants from southern England.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine consists of the cooking traditions and practices from France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 14th century Guillaume Tirel, a court chef known as \"Taillevent\", wrote \"Le Viandier\", one of the earliest recipe collections of medieval France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ During that time, French cuisine was heavily influenced by Italian cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 17th century, chefs François Pierre La Varenne and Marie-Antoine Carême spearheaded movements that shifted French cooking away from its foreign influences and developed France's own indigenous style.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Cheese and wine are a major part of the cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ They play different roles regionally and nationally, with many variations and \"appellation d'origine contrôlée\" (AOC) (regulated appellation) laws.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine was codified in the 20th century by Auguste Escoffier to become the modern haute cuisine; Escoffier, however, left out much of the local culinary character to be found in the regions of France and was considered difficult to execute by home cooks.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gastro-tourism and the \"Guide Michelin\" helped to acquaint people with the rich bourgeois and peasant cuisine of the French countryside starting in the 20th century.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gascon cuisine has also had great influence over the cuisine in the southwest of France.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ Danish cuisine (), originating from the peasant population's own local produce, was enhanced by cooking techniques developed in the late 19th century and the wider availability of goods after the Industrial Revolution.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ The open sandwiches, known as \"smørrebrød\", which in their basic form are the usual fare for lunch, can be considered a national speciality when prepared and decorated with a variety of fine ingredients.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ Hot meals are traditionally prepared from ground meats, such as \"frikadeller\" (meat balls) and \"medisterpølse\", or from more substantial meat and fish dishes such as \"flæskesteg\" (roast pork with crackling) or \"kogt torsk\" (poached cod) with mustard sauce and trimmings.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ Beecher's Handmade Cheese is an artisan cheesemaker and retail shop with locations in the Pike Place Market, Seattle, Washington and New York City's Flatiron District.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ The company was founded by Kurt Beecher Dammeier in 2003 and opened in the Pike Place Market after Dammeier obtained a difficult to obtain storefront lease in the Market.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ Because Dammeier had never been a cheesemaker, he sought out the assistance of Brad Sinko, who helped run a family cheese-making business in Oregon.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ A second location was opened in 2011 in the Flatiron neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ Unlike most artisan cheese makers, Beecher's mainly uses pasteurized milk and operates a high-volume modern production facility, with multiple farms supplying milk.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Cheese is a food derived from milk that is produced in a wide range of flavors, textures, and forms by coagulation of the milk protein casein.", "Cheese __knowledge__ It comprises proteins and fat from milk, usually the milk of cows, buffalo, goats, or sheep.", "Cheese __knowledge__ During production, the milk is usually acidified, and adding the enzyme rennet causes coagulation.", "Cheese __knowledge__ The solids are separated and pressed into final form.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Some cheeses have molds on the rind, the outer layer, or throughout.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Most cheeses melt at cooking temperature.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Hundreds of types of cheese from various countries are produced.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Their styles, textures and flavors depend on the origin of the milk (including the animal's diet), whether they have been pasteurized, the butterfat content, the bacteria and mold, the processing, and aging.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, CBE (born Elizabeth Gwynne, 26 December 1913 – 22 May 1992) was a British cookery writer.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the mid-20th century she strongly influenced the revitalisation of home cookery in her native country and beyond with articles and books about European cuisines and traditional British dishes.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Born to an upper-class family, David rebelled against social norms of the day.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the 1930s she studied art in Paris, became an actress, and ran off with a married man with whom she sailed in a small boat to Italy, where their boat was confiscated.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ They reached Greece, where they were nearly trapped by the German invasion in 1941, but escaped to Egypt, where they parted.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Ancient Israelite cuisine refers to the food eaten by the ancient Israelites during a period of over a thousand years, from the beginning of the Israelite presence in the Land of Israel at the beginning of the Iron Age until the Roman period.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ The dietary staples were bread, wine and olive oil, but also included legumes, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, fish and meat.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Religious beliefs, which prohibited the consumption of certain foods, shaped the Israelite diet.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ There was considerable continuity in the main components of the diet over time, despite the introduction of new foodstuffs at various stages.", "Dutch cuisine __knowledge__ Dutch cuisine () is formed from the cooking traditions and practices of the Netherlands.", "Dutch cuisine __knowledge__ The country's cuisine is shaped by its location in the fertile North Sea river delta of the European Plain, giving rise to fishing, farming (for crops and domesticated animals), and trading over sea (colonialism and the spice trade).", "Dutch cuisine __knowledge__ Traditionally, Dutch cuisine is simple and straightforward, with many vegetables and little meat: breakfast and lunch are typically bread with toppings like cheese, while dinner is , supplemented with seasonal vegetables.", "Dutch cuisine __knowledge__ The diet contains many dairy products and was relatively high in carbohydrates and fat, reflecting the dietary needs of the laborers whose culture molded the country.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine consists of the cooking traditions and practices from France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 14th century Guillaume Tirel, a court chef known as \"Taillevent\", wrote \"Le Viandier\", one of the earliest recipe collections of medieval France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ During that time, French cuisine was heavily influenced by Italian cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 17th century, chefs François Pierre La Varenne and Marie-Antoine Carême spearheaded movements that shifted French cooking away from its foreign influences and developed France's own indigenous style.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Cheese and wine are a major part of the cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ They play different roles regionally and nationally, with many variations and \"appellation d'origine contrôlée\" (AOC) (regulated appellation) laws.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine was codified in the 20th century by Auguste Escoffier to become the modern haute cuisine; Escoffier, however, left out much of the local culinary character to be found in the regions of France and was considered difficult to execute by home cooks.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gastro-tourism and the \"Guide Michelin\" helped to acquaint people with the rich bourgeois and peasant cuisine of the French countryside starting in the 20th century.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gascon cuisine has also had great influence over the cuisine in the southwest of France.", "Smells Like Teen Spirit __knowledge__ \"Smells Like Teen Spirit\" is a song by American rock band Nirvana.", "Smells Like Teen Spirit __knowledge__ It is the opening track and lead single from the band's second album, \"Nevermind\" (1991), released on DGC Records.", "Smells Like Teen Spirit __knowledge__ The unexpected success of \"Smells Like Teen Spirit\" in late 1991 propelled \"Nevermind\" to the top of the charts at the start of 1992, an event often marked as the point where alternative rock entered the mainstream.", "Smells Like Teen Spirit __knowledge__ \"Smells Like Teen Spirit\" was Nirvana's biggest hit, reaching number six on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and placing high on music industry charts all around the world in 1991 and 1992.", "Smells Like Teen Spirit __knowledge__ \"Smells Like Teen Spirit\" received many critical plaudits, including topping the \"Village Voice\" Pazz & Jop critics' poll and winning two MTV Video Music Awards for its music video, which was in heavy rotation on music television.", "Smells Like Nirvana __knowledge__ \"Smells Like Nirvana\" is a parody of Nirvana's song \"Smells Like Teen Spirit\", written and performed by \"Weird Al\" Yankovic; it was released both as a single and as part of Yankovic's \"Off the Deep End\" album in April 1992.", "Smells Like Nirvana __knowledge__ \"Smells Like Nirvana\" was written during a three-year career low for Yankovic after the financial failure of his film \"UHF\", but captured the quickly-rising popularity of the grunge style and Nirvana's success.", "Smells Like Nirvana __knowledge__ The song was written to poke fun at the fact that many people had a hard time understanding Nirvana singer Kurt Cobain's lyrics in the original song.", "Smells Like Nirvana __knowledge__ After being unable to contact Nirvana by conventional means, Yankovic called Cobain while the band was on the set of \"Saturday Night Live\", where Cobain quickly gave permission to record the parody.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ Alfred Matthew \"Weird Al\" Yankovic ( ; born October 23, 1959) is an American singer, songwriter, parodist, record producer, satirist, actor, voice actor, music video director, film producer, and author.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ He is known for his humorous songs that make light of popular culture and often parody specific songs by contemporary musical acts, original songs that are style pastiches of the work of other acts, and polka medleys of several popular songs, featuring his favored instrument, the accordion.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ Since his first-aired comedy song in 1976, he has sold more than 12 million albums (), recorded more than 150 parody and original songs, and has performed more than 1,000 live shows.", "Butter __knowledge__ Butter is a dairy product containing up to 80% butterfat (in commercial products) which is solid when chilled and at room temperature in some regions and liquid when warmed.", "Butter __knowledge__ It is made by churning fresh or fermented cream or milk to separate the butterfat from the buttermilk.", "Butter __knowledge__ It is generally used as a spread on plain or toasted bread products and a condiment on cooked vegetables, as well as in cooking, such as baking, sauce making, and pan frying.", "Butter __knowledge__ Butter consists of butterfat, milk proteins and water, and in some types, added salt.", "Butter __knowledge__ Butter may also be sold with added flavourings, such as garlic butter.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Bleu des Causses __knowledge__ Bleu des Causses is a French blue cheese made from cow's milk.", "Bleu des Causses __knowledge__ It is considered a mild variant of Roquefort.", "Bleu des Causses __knowledge__ The cheese has a fat content of 45% and is aged for 3–6 months in Gorges du Tarn's natural limestone caves.", "Bleu des Causses __knowledge__ The ripening process involving naturally temperature-controlled cellars is the major element that gives it its special aroma.", "Bleu des Causses __knowledge__ The Bleu des Causses shares an ancient history with the Roquefort, in a time where the cheese was made from mixed milk from a cow and a sheep, or pure milk from one or the other, based on the season and the cheesemaker.", "Bleu des Causses __knowledge__ The traditional cheese making of Gaul was celebrated by Pliny the Elder.", "Nirvana (band) __knowledge__ Nirvana was an American rock band formed by singer and guitarist Kurt Cobain and bassist Krist Novoselic in Aberdeen, Washington, in 1987.", "Nirvana (band) __knowledge__ Nirvana went through a succession of drummers, the longest-lasting being Dave Grohl, who joined in 1990.", "Nirvana (band) __knowledge__ Despite releasing only three full-length studio albums in their seven-year career, Nirvana has come to be regarded as one of the most influential and important alternative bands in history.", "Nirvana (band) __knowledge__ Though the band dissolved in 1994 after the death of Cobain, their music maintains a popular following and continues to influence modern rock and roll culture.", "Nirvana (band) __knowledge__ In the late 1980s, Nirvana established itself as part of the Seattle grunge scene, releasing its first album, \"Bleach\", for the independent record label Sub Pop in 1989.", "Olive warbler __knowledge__ The olive warbler (\"Peucedramus taeniatus\") is a small passerine bird.", "Olive warbler __knowledge__ It is the only member of the genus Peucedramus and the family Peucedramidae.", "Olive warbler __knowledge__ This species breeds from southern Arizona and New Mexico, USA, south through Mexico to Nicaragua.", "Olive warbler __knowledge__ It is the only bird family endemic to North America (including Central America).", "Olive warbler __knowledge__ It was in the past classed with the Parulidae (New World warblers), but DNA studies suggest that it split early from the other related passerines, prior to the differentiation of the entire New World warbler/American sparrow/Icterid group.", "Olive warbler __knowledge__ It is therefore now given a family of its own.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "Imipenem/cilastatin __knowledge__ Imipenem/cilastatin, sold under the brand name Primaxin among others, is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections.", "Imipenem/cilastatin __knowledge__ It is made from a combination of imipenem and cilastatin.", "Imipenem/cilastatin __knowledge__ Specifically it is used for pneumonia, sepsis, endocarditis, joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, and urinary tract infections.", "Imipenem/cilastatin __knowledge__ It is given by injection into a vein or muscle.", "Imipenem/cilastatin __knowledge__ Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, and pain at the site of injection.", "Imipenem/cilastatin __knowledge__ Other side effects may include \"Clostridium difficile\" diarrhea and allergic reactions including anaphylaxis.", "Imipenem/cilastatin __knowledge__ It is unclear if use during pregnancy is safe for the baby.", "Tumburu __knowledge__ In Hindu mythology, Tumburu (), also spelt Tumbaru (तुम्बरु) and Tumbara (तुम्बर) is the best among Gandharvas or celestial musician and is sometimes described as the best of singers.", "Tumburu __knowledge__ He is described to perform in the courts of gods Kubera and Indra as well as sing praises of god Vishnu.", "Tumburu __knowledge__ He leads the Gandharvas in their singing.", "Tumburu __knowledge__ Tumburu is described the son of sage Kashyapa and his wife Pradha.", "Tumburu __knowledge__ Among the sons of Kashayapa, his four Gandharva sons Tumburu, Bahu, Haha and Huhu were renowned for their sweet and pleasant speech.", "Tumburu __knowledge__ Tumburu often described as the best among Gandharvas or celestial musicians.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Cheese is a food derived from milk that is produced in a wide range of flavors, textures, and forms by coagulation of the milk protein casein.", "Cheese __knowledge__ It comprises proteins and fat from milk, usually the milk of cows, buffalo, goats, or sheep.", "Cheese __knowledge__ During production, the milk is usually acidified, and adding the enzyme rennet causes coagulation.", "Cheese __knowledge__ The solids are separated and pressed into final form.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Some cheeses have molds on the rind, the outer layer, or throughout.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Most cheeses melt at cooking temperature.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Hundreds of types of cheese from various countries are produced.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Their styles, textures and flavors depend on the origin of the milk (including the animal's diet), whether they have been pasteurized, the butterfat content, the bacteria and mold, the processing, and aging.", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Running Man Brothers is a South Korean pop duo, which is named after the South Korean television show \"Running Man\".", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ The group is composed of cast members Kim Jong-kook and Haha and was formed in 2014.", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Kim and Haha are regular cast members on the variety show \"Running Man\", which started airing in 2010, and they have been called it's favorite \"duo.\"", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Although Yoo Jae-suk is the star of the show, Kim and Haha have been written of as the \"spice\" of the show, with references to Kim's \"boyish likeability, upbeat personality and masculinity\" and Haha for \"his insatiable sense of humor and free spirit,\" and together are called \"the musical duo.\"", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ Drug War () is a Chinese-Hong Kong crime thriller film directed and produced by Johnnie To.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Sun Honglei as Police Captain Zhang, who partners with a drug lord named Timmy Choi (Louis Koo) after Choi is arrested.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ To avoid the death penalty, Choi agrees to reveal information about his partners' methamphetamine ring.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ Zhang starts to harbor doubts about Choi's honesty as the police begin to take on the drug ring.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ The film premiered at the Rome Film Festival on November 15, 2012.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ It has received positive reviews.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ Fleeing from an explosion at his drug production facility, Choi crashes his car into a restaurant and as he revives he is captured by Captain Zhang Lei." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine consists of the cooking traditions and practices from France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 14th century Guillaume Tirel, a court chef known as \"Taillevent\", wrote \"Le Viandier\", one of the earliest recipe collections of medieval France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ During that time, French cuisine was heavily influenced by Italian cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 17th century, chefs François Pierre La Varenne and Marie-Antoine Carême spearheaded movements that shifted French cooking away from its foreign influences and developed France's own indigenous style.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Cheese and wine are a major part of the cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ They play different roles regionally and nationally, with many variations and \"appellation d'origine contrôlée\" (AOC) (regulated appellation) laws.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine was codified in the 20th century by Auguste Escoffier to become the modern haute cuisine; Escoffier, however, left out much of the local culinary character to be found in the regions of France and was considered difficult to execute by home cooks.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gastro-tourism and the \"Guide Michelin\" helped to acquaint people with the rich bourgeois and peasant cuisine of the French countryside starting in the 20th century.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gascon cuisine has also had great influence over the cuisine in the southwest of France.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is a culinary style originating in Bengal, a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, which is now divided between Bangladesh and the West Bengal state of India.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Other regions, such as Tripura, and the Barak Valley region of Assam (in India) also have large native Bengali populations and share this cuisine.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ With an emphasis on fish, vegetables and lentils are served with rice as a staple diet.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is known for its subtle (yet sometimes fiery) flavours, and its spread of confectioneries and desserts.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ It also has the only traditionally developed multi-course tradition from the subcontinent that is analogous in structure to the modern \"service à la russe\" style of French cuisine, with food served course-wise rather than all at once.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ Danish cuisine (), originating from the peasant population's own local produce, was enhanced by cooking techniques developed in the late 19th century and the wider availability of goods after the Industrial Revolution.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ The open sandwiches, known as \"smørrebrød\", which in their basic form are the usual fare for lunch, can be considered a national speciality when prepared and decorated with a variety of fine ingredients.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ Hot meals are traditionally prepared from ground meats, such as \"frikadeller\" (meat balls) and \"medisterpølse\", or from more substantial meat and fish dishes such as \"flæskesteg\" (roast pork with crackling) or \"kogt torsk\" (poached cod) with mustard sauce and trimmings.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "English cuisine __knowledge__ English cuisine encompasses the cooking styles, traditions and recipes associated with England.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ It has distinctive attributes of its own, but also shares much with wider British cuisine, partly through the importation of ingredients and ideas from North America, China, and India during the time of the British Empire and as a result of post-war immigration.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ Traditional meals have ancient origins, such as bread and cheese, roasted and stewed meats, meat and game pies, boiled vegetables and broths, and freshwater and saltwater fish.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ The 14th-century English cookbook, the \"Forme of Cury\", contains recipes for these, and dates from the royal court of Richard II.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ \"\" is a manga series written by Yūto Tsukuda and illustrated by Shun Saeki, serialized in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\".", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ 27 tankōbon volumes have been released.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ An anime adaptation has aired 49 episodes over 3 seasons.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ The story follows protagonist and title character Sōma Yukihira as he transfers to the elite Tōtsuki Culinary Academy, an extremely competitive atmosphere, where only the top 1% of students graduate in.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Under the motto \"Cooking is Everything\", students are judged on their cooking for admission to the academy and in many classes, tournaments and events.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Competition may lead to a Shokugeki, a cooking match held in an indoor stadium, where students stake their pride and futures as chefs.", "Italy __knowledge__ Italy ( ; ), officially the Italian Republic (), is a unitary parliamentary republic in Europe.", "Italy __knowledge__ Located in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea, Italy shares open land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, San Marino and Vatican City.", "Italy __knowledge__ Italy covers an area of and has a largely temperate seasonal and Mediterranean climate.", "Italy __knowledge__ With around 61 million inhabitants it is the fourth most populous EU member state.", "Italy __knowledge__ Since classical times, ancient Phoenicians, Carthaginians and Greeks established settlements in the south of Italy, with Etruscans and Celts inhabiting the centre and the north of Italy respectively and various ancient Italian tribes and Italic peoples dispersed throughout the Italian Peninsula and insular Italy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine consists of the cooking traditions and practices from France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 14th century Guillaume Tirel, a court chef known as \"Taillevent\", wrote \"Le Viandier\", one of the earliest recipe collections of medieval France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ During that time, French cuisine was heavily influenced by Italian cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 17th century, chefs François Pierre La Varenne and Marie-Antoine Carême spearheaded movements that shifted French cooking away from its foreign influences and developed France's own indigenous style.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Cheese and wine are a major part of the cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ They play different roles regionally and nationally, with many variations and \"appellation d'origine contrôlée\" (AOC) (regulated appellation) laws.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine was codified in the 20th century by Auguste Escoffier to become the modern haute cuisine; Escoffier, however, left out much of the local culinary character to be found in the regions of France and was considered difficult to execute by home cooks.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gastro-tourism and the \"Guide Michelin\" helped to acquaint people with the rich bourgeois and peasant cuisine of the French countryside starting in the 20th century.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Gascon cuisine has also had great influence over the cuisine in the southwest of France.", "Mirepoix (cuisine) __knowledge__ A mirepoix ( ; ) is diced vegetables, cooked for a long time on a gentle heat without colour or browning, usually with butter or other fat or oil.", "Mirepoix (cuisine) __knowledge__ It is not sautéed or otherwise hard cooked, the intention being to sweeten rather than caramelise.", "Mirepoix (cuisine) __knowledge__ Further cooking, often with the addition of tomato purée, creates a darkened brown mixture called \"pincage\".", "Mirepoix (cuisine) __knowledge__ Where the flavour base is not pre-cooked the constituent vegetables may be cut to a larger size depending on the overall cooking time for the dish.", "Mirepoix (cuisine) __knowledge__ Usually a mixture of onions, carrots, and celery (either common pascal celery or celeriac), the traditional ratio is two parts onions, one part carrots, and one part celery.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ This is a listing of regional variations on the hot dog.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Different areas of the world have local variations on the type of meat used, condiments, and means of preparation, which are enumerated below.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs are very popular throughout the United States.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Many regional variations exist.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs made with caribou meat added are sold as \"reindeer dogs\" throughout Alaska.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ The Sonoran hot dog is popular in Tucson, Phoenix, and elsewhere in southern Arizona, as well as in the neighboring Mexican state of Sonora.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ It is a hot dog wrapped in mesquite-smoked bacon, cooked on a grill or on a griddle or comal, then topped with pinto beans, onions, tomatoes, mayonnaise, mustard and jalapeño salsa or sauce, and served on a bolillo roll, often with a side of fresh-roasted chili pepper.", "Sausage __knowledge__ A sausage is a cylindrical meat product usually made from ground meat, often pork, beef, or veal, along with salt, spices and other flavourings, and breadcrumbs, encased by a skin.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Typically, a sausage is formed in a casing traditionally made from intestine, but sometimes from synthetic materials.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausages that are sold raw are cooked in many ways, including pan-frying, broiling and barbecuing.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Some sausages are cooked during processing and the casing may then be removed.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausage making is a traditional food preservation technique.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausages may be preserved by curing, drying (often in association with fermentation or culturing, which can contribute to preservation), smoking, or freezing.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Curry __knowledge__ Curry (, plural curries) is an umbrella term referring to a number of dishes originating in the cuisine of the Indian subcontinent.", "Curry __knowledge__ The common feature is the use of complex combinations of spices or herbs, usually including fresh or dried hot chillies.", "Curry __knowledge__ The use of the term is generally limited to dishes prepared in a sauce.", "Curry __knowledge__ Curry dishes prepared in the southern states of India may be spiced with leaves from the curry tree.", "Curry __knowledge__ There are many varieties of dishes called 'curries'.", "Curry __knowledge__ For example, in original traditional cuisines, the precise selection of spices for each dish is a matter of national or regional cultural tradition, religious practice, and, to some extent, family preference.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ Oh Man-seok (born January 30, 1975) is a South Korean actor.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ Best known for playing the titular transgender singer in rock musical \"Hedwig and the Angry Inch\", Oh's acting career spans theater, television and film.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ Oh Man-seok graduated from the School of Drama at Korea National University of Arts with a BFA in Acting.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ He made his stage debut in \"Faust\" in 1999.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ One of his early notable roles was as the androgynous court jester Gong-gil who becomes the object of obsession of the tyrant King Yeonsan in \"Yi\", which would later be adapted into the hit 2005 film \"King and the Clown\".", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ Highly acclaimed for his portrayal of Gong-gil, Oh was awarded Best New Actor by the National Theater Association of Korea for the play's first run in 2000, and he reprised the role four more times in 2001, 2003, 2006, and 2010.", "Mastering the Art of French Cooking __knowledge__ Mastering the Art of French Cooking is a two-volume French cookbook written by Simone Beck and Louisette Bertholle, both of France, and Julia Child of the United States.", "Mastering the Art of French Cooking __knowledge__ The book was written for the American market and published by Knopf in 1961 (Volume 1) and 1970 (Volume 2).", "Mastering the Art of French Cooking __knowledge__ The book was the result of a collaboration among Beck, Bertholle, Child (listed alphabetically), illustrator Sidonie Coryn, and Paul Cushing Child (Child's husband), and was the impetus for Child's long and successful career as a pioneering television chef.", "Mastering the Art of French Cooking __knowledge__ Julia Child's goal was to adapt classic French cuisine for mainstream Americans.", "Julia Child __knowledge__ Julia Carolyn Child (née McWilliams; August 15, 1912 – August 13, 2004) was an American chef, author and television personality.", "Julia Child __knowledge__ She is recognized for bringing French cuisine to the American public with her debut cookbook, \"Mastering the Art of French Cooking\", and her subsequent television programs, the most notable of which was \"The French Chef\", which premiered in 1963.", "Julia Child __knowledge__ Julia Child was born Julia Carolyn McWilliams in 1912 Pasadena, California, the daughter of John McWilliams, Jr., a Princeton University graduate and prominent land manager, and his wife, the former Julia Carolyn (\"Caro\") Weston, a paper-company heiress whose father, Byron Curtis Weston, served as lieutenant governor of Massachusetts.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, CBE (born Elizabeth Gwynne, 26 December 1913 – 22 May 1992) was a British cookery writer.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the mid-20th century she strongly influenced the revitalisation of home cookery in her native country and beyond with articles and books about European cuisines and traditional British dishes.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Born to an upper-class family, David rebelled against social norms of the day.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the 1930s she studied art in Paris, became an actress, and ran off with a married man with whom she sailed in a small boat to Italy, where their boat was confiscated.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ They reached Greece, where they were nearly trapped by the German invasion in 1941, but escaped to Egypt, where they parted." ] ]

[ 5, 5, 3, 1, 0 ]

[ "I really like their cheese and wine. It is a major part of the cuisine.", "More like what cheese do I NOT like haha", "That is so funny. Feet smell but tastes like butter. In the 14th century, French cuisine was heavily influenced by Italian cuisine.", "Oh man, I love Bahn Mi, but French cooking and the practices from France will always be my #1", "I really love that mirepoix is sweet" ]

[ "French cuisine", "French cuisine", "French cuisine", "French cuisine", "French cuisine" ]

[ "Prince (musician)\nPrince was an incredible musician. Have you heard of him?", "Wow, I didn't know he was an actor!", "I see, I'll need to watch that movie", "In that case it's probably a great movie!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince Rogers Nelson (June 7, 1958 – April 21, 2016) was an American singer, songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and director.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was known for his eclectic work, flamboyant stage presence, extravagant dress and makeup, and wide vocal range.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His innovative music integrated a wide variety of styles, including funk, rock, R&B, new wave, soul, psychedelia, and pop.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He sold over 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He won eight Grammy Awards, six American Music Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award for the 1984 film \"Purple Rain\".", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince was born in Minneapolis and developed an interest in music as a young child.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He signed a recording contract with Warner Bros. Records at the age of 17, and released his debut album \"For You\" in 1978.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His 1979 album \"Prince\" went platinum, and his next three records—\"Dirty Mind\" (1980), \"Controversy\" (1981), and \"1999\" (1982)—continued his success, showcasing Prince's prominently sexual lyrics and blending of funk, dance, and rock music.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ In 1984, he began referring to his backup band as The Revolution and released \"Purple Rain\", the soundtrack album to his film debut.", "If Not Now, When? (album) __knowledge__ If Not Now, When?", "If Not Now, When? (album) __knowledge__ is the seventh studio album by American rock band Incubus, released on July 12, 2011 and named after the novel by Primo Levi.", "If Not Now, When? (album) __knowledge__ Preceded by the singles, \"Adolescents\" and \"Promises, Promises\", the album represented the band's longest gap between studio albums at the time, and their final full-length release through long-time label Epic Records.", "If Not Now, When? (album) __knowledge__ Described by guitarist Michael Einziger as \"a very straightforward, concise album,\" \"If Not Now, When?\"", "If Not Now, When? (album) __knowledge__ was recorded in the wake of an extended hiatus, and produced by frequent collaborator Brendan O'Brien.", "If Not Now, When? (album) __knowledge__ The album's cover features high wire artist Philippe Petit.", "Art Tatum __knowledge__ Arthur Tatum Jr. (, October 13, 1909 – November 5, 1956) was an American jazz pianist.", "Art Tatum __knowledge__ Tatum is widely considered one of the greatest jazz pianists of all time.", "Art Tatum __knowledge__ His performances were hailed for their technical proficiency and creativity, which set a new standard for jazz piano virtuosity.", "Art Tatum __knowledge__ Critic Scott Yanow wrote, \"Tatum's quick reflexes and boundless imagination kept his improvisations filled with fresh (and sometimes futuristic) ideas that put him way ahead of his contemporaries.\"", "Art Tatum __knowledge__ For a musician of such stature, there is little published information available about Tatum's life.", "Art Tatum __knowledge__ Only one full-length biography has been published, \"Too Marvelous for Words\" (1994), by James Lester.", "Layla __knowledge__ \"Layla\" is a song written by Eric Clapton and Jim Gordon, originally released by their blues rock band Derek and the Dominos, as the thirteenth track from their album \"Layla and Other Assorted Love Songs\" (November 1970).", "Layla __knowledge__ Its famously contrasting movements were composed separately by Clapton and Gordon.", "Layla __knowledge__ The song was inspired by a love story that originated in 7th-century Arabia and later formed the basis of \"The Story of Layla and Majnun\" by the 12th-century Persian poet Nizami Ganjavi, a copy of which Ian Dallas had given to Clapton.", "Layla __knowledge__ The book moved Clapton profoundly, because it was the tale of a young man who fell hopelessly in love with a beautiful, young girl and went crazy and so could not marry her.", "Tal Wilkenfeld __knowledge__ Tal Wilkenfeld (born 2 December 1986) is an Australian singer, songwriter, bassist and guitarist who has performed alongside rock and jazz musicians including Jeff Beck, Prince, Chick Corea, Herbie Hancock and others.", "Tal Wilkenfeld __knowledge__ She has also been a bandleader of her own eponymous bands.", "Tal Wilkenfeld __knowledge__ In her earlier work, she was backed by musicians such as Wayne Krantz, Keith Carlock, John Beasley and Vinnie Colaiuta.", "Tal Wilkenfeld __knowledge__ In Wilkenfeld's current band, she sings, plays guitar and bass, and opened for The Who on the North American part of The Who Hits 50!", "Tal Wilkenfeld __knowledge__ tour in 2016.", "Tal Wilkenfeld __knowledge__ Wilkenfeld's single \"Corner Painter\" features Blake Mills and Benmont Tench.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from the 2004 Disney/Pixar animated film \"The Incredibles\", its upcoming 2018 sequel \"Incredibles 2\", and other related media.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ Robert \"Bob\" Parr (a.k.a.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ Mr.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ Incredible) (voiced by Craig T. Nelson in the films, Richard McGonagle in \"Rise of the Underminer\"), possesses tremendous strength and durability.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ He also has enhanced senses.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ He is married to Helen Parr, the superheroine known as Elastigirl, and they have three children together: Violet, Dash, and Jack-Jack.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ Sometime after his marriage, Mr.", "List of The Incredibles characters __knowledge__ Incredible was sued by Oliver Sansweet for thwarting his suicide and the passengers of the train he stopped from running off the tracks which was part of the events that led to the government silently initiating the Superhero Relocation Program.", "Battle of the Denmark Strait __knowledge__ The Battle of the Denmark Strait was a naval engagement on 24 May 1941 in the Second World War, between ships of the Royal Navy and the German \"Kriegsmarine\".", "Battle of the Denmark Strait __knowledge__ The British battleship and the battlecruiser fought the German battleship and the heavy cruiser , which were attempting to break out into the North Atlantic to attack Allied merchant shipping (Operation Rheinübung).", "Battle of the Denmark Strait __knowledge__ Fewer than 10 minutes after the British opened fire, a shell from \"Bismarck\" struck \"Hood\" near her aft ammunition magazines.", "Battle of the Denmark Strait __knowledge__ Soon afterwards, \"Hood\" exploded and sank within three minutes, with the loss of all but three of her crew.", "Layne Staley: Angry Chair __knowledge__ Layne Staley: Angry Chair is a biography by Adriana Rubio about Layne Staley, the lead vocalist of the rock band Alice in Chains, published in January 2003.", "Layne Staley: Angry Chair __knowledge__ As it is known, the book \"Layne Staley: Angry Chair — A Look Inside the Heart and Soul of an Incredible Musician\" written by Adriana Rubio (Argentinean journalist and a fan of Alice in Chains), features 50 pages of photos of Staley's art work, sketches, diary entries, and childhood pictures.", "Layne Staley: Angry Chair __knowledge__ It also contains an alleged last interview of Staley that Rubio claimed that she conducted less than three months before he died from an overdose of heroin and cocaine, in April 2002." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince Rogers Nelson (June 7, 1958 – April 21, 2016) was an American singer, songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and director.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was known for his eclectic work, flamboyant stage presence, extravagant dress and makeup, and wide vocal range.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His innovative music integrated a wide variety of styles, including funk, rock, R&B, new wave, soul, psychedelia, and pop.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He sold over 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He won eight Grammy Awards, six American Music Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award for the 1984 film \"Purple Rain\".", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince was born in Minneapolis and developed an interest in music as a young child.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He signed a recording contract with Warner Bros. Records at the age of 17, and released his debut album \"For You\" in 1978.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His 1979 album \"Prince\" went platinum, and his next three records—\"Dirty Mind\" (1980), \"Controversy\" (1981), and \"1999\" (1982)—continued his success, showcasing Prince's prominently sexual lyrics and blending of funk, dance, and rock music.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ In 1984, he began referring to his backup band as The Revolution and released \"Purple Rain\", the soundtrack album to his film debut.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The conservative Women for the Wall, sometimes abbreviated as W4W, is a grassroots organization founded in April 2013, concerned with preserving Jewish tradition at the Western Wall, also known as the Kotel.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The catalyst for the founding of Women for the Wall was lack of representation for the stand of traditional Jewish women in the controversy surrounding an alternative prayer group known as Women of the Wall (WoW).", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ In the months leading to the establishment of W4W, Women of the Wall demanded to hold their services in the traditional women's section, rather than the Robinson's Arch area of the Kotel, where alternative prayer services are held.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ John Lewis Nelson (June 29, 1916 – August 25, 2001), also known as his stage name Prince Rogers, was an American jazz musician and songwriter.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ He was the father of musicians Prince and Tyka Nelson and a credited co-writer on some of his son's songs.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ Nelson was born in Webster Parish, Louisiana, the son of Carrie (Jenkins) and Clarence Nelson.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ The Nelsons had four other children.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ He traveled to Minneapolis to become a musician in 1948.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ Playing the piano, he used \"Prince Rogers\" as a stage name and started a band called \"The Prince Rogers Trio\" with local musicians.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ In 1956, he met Mattie Della Shaw (November 11, 1933 – February 15, 2002) at a show on the north side of Minneapolis.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ Christopher Moon, better known as Chris Moon, is an American music producer, recording engineer and songwriter of British origin.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ He is best known for discovering Prince, helping him create his artistic name and style, and co-writing his early songs, most notably his first single \"Soft and Wet\".", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ At the age of 13, Chris Moon moved with his family from the United Kingdom to Hawaii.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ He arrived in Minneapolis in 1967.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ When he was 17, he purchased a multi-channel reel-to-reel and a camera in Hong Kong in order to start a career in music and photography.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ Moon built his first recording studio in the basement of his house in Minneapolis and did fashion photography on location.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Bob Dylan (; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter, who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" that became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ In 1965, he controversially abandoned his early fan-base in the American folk music revival, recording a six-minute single, \"Like a Rolling Stone\", which enlarged the scope of popular music.", "Kenny Rogers __knowledge__ Kenneth Ray Rogers (born August 21, 1938) is an American singer, songwriter, actor, record producer, and entrepreneur.", "Kenny Rogers __knowledge__ He is a member of the Country Music Hall of Fame.", "Kenny Rogers __knowledge__ Though he has been most successful with country audiences, Rogers has charted more than 120 hit singles across various music genres, topped the country and pop album charts for more than 200 individual weeks in the United States alone, and has sold over 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Kenny Rogers __knowledge__ On September 25, 2015, Rogers announced on NBC's \"Today Show\" that he was retiring from show business after a final tour to spend more time with his wife and twin boys.", "Ween __knowledge__ Ween is an American alternative rock band formed in New Hope, Pennsylvania, in 1984 by childhood friends Aaron Freeman and Mickey Melchiondo, better known by their respective stage names, Gene Ween and Dean Ween.", "Ween __knowledge__ After meeting in a middle-school typing class, the two began playing music and immediately chose the name Ween as well as their Ramones-inspired pseudonyms.", "Ween __knowledge__ Ween performed as a duo backed by a Digital Audio Tape for the band's first ten years of existence before expanding to a four- (and later five-) piece act.", "Ween __knowledge__ The band's highest charting single is \"Push th' Little Daisies\", which was a hit in the United States and Australia." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince Rogers Nelson (June 7, 1958 – April 21, 2016) was an American singer, songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and director.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was known for his eclectic work, flamboyant stage presence, extravagant dress and makeup, and wide vocal range.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His innovative music integrated a wide variety of styles, including funk, rock, R&B, new wave, soul, psychedelia, and pop.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He sold over 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He won eight Grammy Awards, six American Music Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award for the 1984 film \"Purple Rain\".", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince was born in Minneapolis and developed an interest in music as a young child.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He signed a recording contract with Warner Bros. Records at the age of 17, and released his debut album \"For You\" in 1978.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His 1979 album \"Prince\" went platinum, and his next three records—\"Dirty Mind\" (1980), \"Controversy\" (1981), and \"1999\" (1982)—continued his success, showcasing Prince's prominently sexual lyrics and blending of funk, dance, and rock music.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ In 1984, he began referring to his backup band as The Revolution and released \"Purple Rain\", the soundtrack album to his film debut.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Watch __knowledge__ A watch is a timepiece intended to be carried or worn by a person.", "Watch __knowledge__ It is designed to keep working despite the motions caused by the person's activities.", "Watch __knowledge__ A wristwatch is designed to be worn around the wrist, attached by a watch strap or other type of bracelet.", "Watch __knowledge__ A pocket watch is designed for a person to carry in a pocket.", "Watch __knowledge__ Watches progressed in the 17th century from spring-powered clocks, which appeared as early as the 14th century.", "Watch __knowledge__ During most of its history the watch was a mechanical device, driven by clockwork, powered by winding a mainspring, and keeping time with an oscillating balance wheel.", "Ankh-Morpork City Watch __knowledge__ The Ankh-Morpork City Watch is the police force of the fictional city of Ankh-Morpork in the \"Discworld\" series by the English writer Terry Pratchett.", "Ankh-Morpork City Watch __knowledge__ The series comprises eight fantasy novels and one short story centred on the adventures of the City Watch and its commander Sam Vimes, in order of publication they are; \"Guards!", "Ankh-Morpork City Watch __knowledge__ Guards!\"", "Ankh-Morpork City Watch __knowledge__ (1989), \"Theatre of Cruelty\" (1993) (a short story), \"Men at Arms\" (1993), \"Feet of Clay\" (1996), \"Jingo\" (1997), \"The Fifth Elephant\" (1999), \"Night Watch\" (2002), \"Thud!\"", "Ankh-Morpork City Watch __knowledge__ (2005) and \"Snuff\" (2011).", "Ankh-Morpork City Watch __knowledge__ The Watch is also to be the subject of a police procedural television series in development as of 2016, entitled \"The Watch\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Game & Watch games __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Game & Watch\" games released by Nintendo, along with their format and date of release, if known.", "List of Game & Watch games __knowledge__ See lists of video games for related lists.", "List of Game & Watch games __knowledge__ Several of these games were collected and re-released as ports for the \"Game & Watch Gallery\" series for Game Boy, Game Boy Color and Game Boy Advance.", "List of Game & Watch games __knowledge__ The games also were re-released as stand-alone titles for the Nintendo Mini Classics series in the late 1990s.", "List of Game & Watch games __knowledge__ Digital versions of the games were created as DSiWare which was released for Nintendo DSi in 2009 (2010 internationally) and for Nintendo 3DS in 2011.", "List of Game & Watch games __knowledge__ Ball (originally known as \"Toss-Up\" in North America) is a \"Game & Watch\" game released as a part of the Silver series on April 28, 1980.", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ Pulp Fiction is a 1994 American crime film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino, based on a story by Tarantino and Roger Avary, and starring John Travolta, Samuel L. Jackson, Bruce Willis, Ving Rhames, and Uma Thurman.", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ The film tells a few stories of criminal Los Angeles.", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ The film's title refers to the pulp magazines and hardboiled crime novels popular during the mid-20th century, known for their graphic violence and punchy dialogue.", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ The screenplay of \"Pulp Fiction\" was written in 1992 and 1993, and incorporated some scenes originally written by Avary for \"True Romance\".", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ Its plot is presented out of chronological order.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ The characters from the American medieval fantasy television series \"Game of Thrones\" are based on their respective counterparts from author George R. R. Martin's \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" series of novels.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ Set in a fictional universe that has been referred to so far as \"The Known World,\" the series follows a civil war for the Iron Throne of the continent of Westeros, fought between the rival royal and noble families and their respective supporters.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ The following cast members have been credited as main cast in the opening credits: Additionally the following cast members have appeared in 10 or more episodes of the show while maintaining a 'recurring' status: Ned Stark (season 1, 6-7) portrayed by Sean Bean in season 1 as an adult, and by Sebastian Croft in season 6 as a child, and Robert Aramayo in season 6 and 7 as a young adult.", "Purple Rain (album) __knowledge__ Purple Rain is the sixth studio album by American recording artist Prince, the first to feature his band the Revolution, and is the soundtrack to the 1984 film of the same name.", "Purple Rain (album) __knowledge__ It was released on June 25, 1984 by Warner Bros. Records.", "Purple Rain (album) __knowledge__ The first two singles from the album, \"When Doves Cry\" and \"Let's Go Crazy\", topped the US singles charts, and were hits around the world, while the title track went to number two on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Purple Rain (album) __knowledge__ The album was certified 13-times platinum (diamond) by the RIAA.", "Purple Rain (album) __knowledge__ As of 2008, it has sold over 25 million copies worldwide, making it the third-best-selling soundtrack album of all time.", "Purple Rain (film) __knowledge__ Purple Rain is a 1984 American rock musical drama film directed by Albert Magnoli, written by Magnoli and William Blinn, and produced by Robert Cavallo, Joseph Ruffalo and Steven Fargnoli.", "Purple Rain (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Prince in his acting debut playing \"The Kid,\" a quasi-biographical character.", "Purple Rain (film) __knowledge__ \"Purple Rain\" was developed to showcase Prince's talents and contains several concert sequences.", "Purple Rain (film) __knowledge__ The film grossed more than $68 million at the box office in the United States and over $80 million worldwide, thus making a large profit on its $7.2 million budget.", "Purple Rain (film) __knowledge__ The film won an Academy Award for Best Original Song Score, the last to receive the award.", "Purple Rain (song) __knowledge__ \"Purple Rain\" is a song by Prince and The Revolution.", "Purple Rain (song) __knowledge__ It is the title track from the 1984 album of the same name, which in turn is the soundtrack album for the 1984 film of the same name, and was released as the third single from that album.", "Purple Rain (song) __knowledge__ The song is a combination of rock, R&B, gospel, and orchestral music.", "Purple Rain (song) __knowledge__ It reached number 2 in the United States for two weeks, behind \"Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go\" by Wham!, and it is considered to be one of Prince's signature songs.", "Purple Rain (song) __knowledge__ It was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America in 1984, shipping one million units in the United States, and was certified silver by the British Phonographic Industry in 2013.", "The Revolution (band) __knowledge__ The Revolution is an American rock band formed in Minneapolis, Minnesota and assembled in 1983 by Prince.", "The Revolution (band) __knowledge__ Although widely associated with rock music, the band's sound incorporated rhythm and blues, pop, funk, and psychedelia elements.", "The Revolution (band) __knowledge__ Before their official break-up, The Revolution had released two studio albums, two soundtracks, and two videos.", "The Revolution (band) __knowledge__ The band is known for its many members, varied in race and gender.", "The Revolution (band) __knowledge__ The Revolution rose to international fame in the mid-1980s with \"Purple Rain\", selling over 16 million albums in the United States alone.", "The Revolution (band) __knowledge__ The band achieved two number-one \"Billboard\" 200 albums (\"Purple Rain\" and \"Around the World in a Day\"), six top ten singles on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart, and won three Grammy Awards.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records Inc. is an American major record label established in 1958 as the foundation label of the present-day Warner Music Group (WMG), and now operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of that corporation.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records was established on March 19, 1958, as the recorded-music division of the American film studio Warner Bros.. For most of its early existence it was one of a group of labels owned and operated by larger parent corporations.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ The sequence of companies that controlled Warner Bros. and its allied labels evolved through a convoluted series of corporate mergers and acquisitions from the early 1960s to the early 2000s.", "Purple Rain Tour __knowledge__ The Purple Rain Tour was the fifth concert tour by American recording artist Prince and The Revolution following up on the success of his sixth studio album \"Purple Rain\" and his 1984 film \"Purple Rain\".", "Purple Rain Tour __knowledge__ According to \"Spin\", the tour sold over 1.7 million tickets.", "Purple Rain Tour __knowledge__ The tour marked the live debut of the band now named The Revolution as Wendy Melvoin made her appearance as the new guitarist in Prince's band, taking over for the departed Dez Dickerson, completing the iconic line-up of the band.", "Purple Rain Tour __knowledge__ In addition to Prince and The Revolution, they were joined on tour by Apollonia 6, and Sheila E. and her band." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince Rogers Nelson (June 7, 1958 – April 21, 2016) was an American singer, songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and director.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was known for his eclectic work, flamboyant stage presence, extravagant dress and makeup, and wide vocal range.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His innovative music integrated a wide variety of styles, including funk, rock, R&B, new wave, soul, psychedelia, and pop.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He sold over 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He won eight Grammy Awards, six American Music Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award for the 1984 film \"Purple Rain\".", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince was born in Minneapolis and developed an interest in music as a young child.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He signed a recording contract with Warner Bros. Records at the age of 17, and released his debut album \"For You\" in 1978.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His 1979 album \"Prince\" went platinum, and his next three records—\"Dirty Mind\" (1980), \"Controversy\" (1981), and \"1999\" (1982)—continued his success, showcasing Prince's prominently sexual lyrics and blending of funk, dance, and rock music.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ In 1984, he began referring to his backup band as The Revolution and released \"Purple Rain\", the soundtrack album to his film debut.", "The Great Movie Ride __knowledge__ The Great Movie Ride was a dark ride attraction located at Disney's Hollywood Studios in the Walt Disney World Resort.", "The Great Movie Ride __knowledge__ The attraction employed the use of Audio-Animatronic figures, practical sets, live actors, special effects, and projections to recreate iconic scenes from twelve classic films throughout motion picture history.", "The Great Movie Ride __knowledge__ The attraction—which debuted with the park on May 1, 1989—was located inside a replica of Grauman's Chinese Theatre, one of Hollywood's most famous movie palaces.", "The Great Movie Ride __knowledge__ The Great Movie Ride was originally developed by Walt Disney Imagineering as a pavilion for the Future World section of Epcot.", "Disney's Hollywood Studios __knowledge__ Disney's Hollywood Studios is a theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida, near Orlando.", "Disney's Hollywood Studios __knowledge__ It is owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company through its Parks and Resorts division.", "Disney's Hollywood Studios __knowledge__ Based on an idea by Marty Sklar, Randy Bright, and Michael Eisner, the park opened on May 1, 1989, as the Disney-MGM Studios Theme Park, and was the third of four theme parks built at Walt Disney World.", "Disney's Hollywood Studios __knowledge__ Spanning , the park is dedicated to the facets of show business, including film, television, music, and theatre, drawing inspiration from the heyday of Hollywood in the 1930s and 1940s.", "Disney's Hollywood Studios __knowledge__ Disney's Hollywood Studios initially opened as both a theme park and an operating production studio, with active film and television production services, an animation facility branch, and a functioning backlot.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ Titanic is a 1997 American epic romance-disaster film directed, written, co-produced and co-edited by James Cameron.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ A fictionalized account of the sinking of the RMS \"Titanic\", it stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet as members of different social classes who fall in love aboard the ship during its ill-fated maiden voyage.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ Cameron's inspiration for the film came from his fascination with shipwrecks; he felt a love story interspersed with the human loss would be essential to convey the emotional impact of the disaster.", "Titanic (1997 film) __knowledge__ Production began in 1995, when Cameron shot footage of the actual \"Titanic\" wreck.", "Dallas Buyers Club __knowledge__ Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film, co-written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack, and directed by Jean-Marc Vallée.", "Dallas Buyers Club __knowledge__ The film tells the story of Ron Woodroof, an AIDS patient diagnosed in the mid 1980s when HIV/AIDS treatments were under-researched, while the disease was not understood and highly stigmatized.", "Dallas Buyers Club __knowledge__ As part of the experimental AIDS treatment movement, he smuggled unapproved pharmaceutical drugs into Texas for treating his symptoms, and distributed them to fellow people with AIDS by establishing the \"Dallas Buyers Club\" while facing opposition from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).", "Moon River and Other Great Movie Themes __knowledge__ Moon River and Other Great Movie Themes is an album by American pop singer Andy Williams that was released on March 26, 1962 by Columbia Records and covered film songs that were mostly from the previous decade.", "Moon River and Other Great Movie Themes __knowledge__ The album made its first appearance on \"Billboard\" magazine's Top LP's chart in the issue dated May 12 of that year and remained there for 176 weeks (the longest chart run of any of his albums), peaking at number three.", "Moon River and Other Great Movie Themes __knowledge__ The album received Gold certification from the Recording Industry Association of America on October 14, 1963, and thus became Williams's earliest recording to achieve this honor but not, however, the first to do so.", "Monumental: In Search of America's National Treasure __knowledge__ Monumental: In Search of America's National Treasure is an American documentary film hosted by Kirk Cameron.", "Monumental: In Search of America's National Treasure __knowledge__ Directed by Duane Barnhart and written by Kevin Miller, Cameron's mission in making the film is to \"search for the real treasure of America.\"", "Monumental: In Search of America's National Treasure __knowledge__ \"Monumental\" began its box office run on March 27, 2012 with a Tuesday night premiere.", "Monumental: In Search of America's National Treasure __knowledge__ Reviews of the film have been nearly nonexistent, with only notable Christians such as Francis Chan and Joni Eareckson Tada praising it.", "Monumental: In Search of America's National Treasure __knowledge__ Cameron asserts that such a key is manifest in the National Monument to the Forefathers in Plymouth, Massachusetts, which is a large 1889 statue commemorating the Mayflower Pilgrims.", "Logan (film) __knowledge__ Logan is a 2017 American superhero film, produced by Marvel Entertainment, TSG Entertainment and The Donners' Company, and distributed by 20th Century Fox.", "Logan (film) __knowledge__ It is the tenth installment in the \"X-Men\" film series, as well as the third and final Wolverine solo film following \"\" (2009) and \"The Wolverine\" (2013).", "Logan (film) __knowledge__ The film, which takes inspiration from \"Old Man Logan\" by Mark Millar and Steve McNiven, follows an aged Wolverine and an extremely ill Professor X defending a young mutant named Laura from the villainous Reavers and Alkali-Transigen led by Donald Pierce and Zander Rice, respectively.", "Logan (film) __knowledge__ The film is directed by James Mangold, who co-wrote the screenplay with Michael Green and Scott Frank, from a story by Mangold.", "Purple Rain (album) __knowledge__ Purple Rain is the sixth studio album by American recording artist Prince, the first to feature his band the Revolution, and is the soundtrack to the 1984 film of the same name.", "Purple Rain (album) __knowledge__ It was released on June 25, 1984 by Warner Bros. Records.", "Purple Rain (album) __knowledge__ The first two singles from the album, \"When Doves Cry\" and \"Let's Go Crazy\", topped the US singles charts, and were hits around the world, while the title track went to number two on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Purple Rain (album) __knowledge__ The album was certified 13-times platinum (diamond) by the RIAA.", "Purple Rain (album) __knowledge__ As of 2008, it has sold over 25 million copies worldwide, making it the third-best-selling soundtrack album of all time.", "The Revolution (band) __knowledge__ The Revolution is an American rock band formed in Minneapolis, Minnesota and assembled in 1983 by Prince.", "The Revolution (band) __knowledge__ Although widely associated with rock music, the band's sound incorporated rhythm and blues, pop, funk, and psychedelia elements.", "The Revolution (band) __knowledge__ Before their official break-up, The Revolution had released two studio albums, two soundtracks, and two videos.", "The Revolution (band) __knowledge__ The band is known for its many members, varied in race and gender.", "The Revolution (band) __knowledge__ The Revolution rose to international fame in the mid-1980s with \"Purple Rain\", selling over 16 million albums in the United States alone.", "The Revolution (band) __knowledge__ The band achieved two number-one \"Billboard\" 200 albums (\"Purple Rain\" and \"Around the World in a Day\"), six top ten singles on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart, and won three Grammy Awards.", "Purple Rain (song) __knowledge__ \"Purple Rain\" is a song by Prince and The Revolution.", "Purple Rain (song) __knowledge__ It is the title track from the 1984 album of the same name, which in turn is the soundtrack album for the 1984 film of the same name, and was released as the third single from that album.", "Purple Rain (song) __knowledge__ The song is a combination of rock, R&B, gospel, and orchestral music.", "Purple Rain (song) __knowledge__ It reached number 2 in the United States for two weeks, behind \"Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go\" by Wham!, and it is considered to be one of Prince's signature songs.", "Purple Rain (song) __knowledge__ It was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America in 1984, shipping one million units in the United States, and was certified silver by the British Phonographic Industry in 2013.", "Purple Rain (film) __knowledge__ Purple Rain is a 1984 American rock musical drama film directed by Albert Magnoli, written by Magnoli and William Blinn, and produced by Robert Cavallo, Joseph Ruffalo and Steven Fargnoli.", "Purple Rain (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Prince in his acting debut playing \"The Kid,\" a quasi-biographical character.", "Purple Rain (film) __knowledge__ \"Purple Rain\" was developed to showcase Prince's talents and contains several concert sequences.", "Purple Rain (film) __knowledge__ The film grossed more than $68 million at the box office in the United States and over $80 million worldwide, thus making a large profit on its $7.2 million budget.", "Purple Rain (film) __knowledge__ The film won an Academy Award for Best Original Song Score, the last to receive the award.", "Purple Rain Tour __knowledge__ The Purple Rain Tour was the fifth concert tour by American recording artist Prince and The Revolution following up on the success of his sixth studio album \"Purple Rain\" and his 1984 film \"Purple Rain\".", "Purple Rain Tour __knowledge__ According to \"Spin\", the tour sold over 1.7 million tickets.", "Purple Rain Tour __knowledge__ The tour marked the live debut of the band now named The Revolution as Wendy Melvoin made her appearance as the new guitarist in Prince's band, taking over for the departed Dez Dickerson, completing the iconic line-up of the band.", "Purple Rain Tour __knowledge__ In addition to Prince and The Revolution, they were joined on tour by Apollonia 6, and Sheila E. and her band.", "Computer Blue __knowledge__ \"Computer Blue\" is the fourth track on Prince and the Revolution's soundtrack album, \"Purple Rain\".", "Computer Blue __knowledge__ In the film, the song represents Prince's angst at the budding relationship between the characters played by Morris Day and Apollonia.", "Computer Blue __knowledge__ The song was composed by Prince, with credit to his father, John L. Nelson for the guitar solo based on a piano instrumental written by Nelson and Prince.", "Computer Blue __knowledge__ Prince titled the piece \"Father's Song\" and recorded it on piano for the film, though on screen it was portrayed as being played by Prince's on-screen father, actor Clarence Williams III.", "Computer Blue __knowledge__ On the box-set \"Purple Rain Deluxe\" (2017) a different and longer recording of \"Father's Song\" is included." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 50, 58 ]

[ "Yes! Prince Rogers Nelson was born on June 7, 1958 and he was an American singer, songwriter, actor, director, and record producer.", "Yep. He won an Academy Award for the 1984 movie Purple Rain.", "Purple Rain was made to show off Prince's talents and shows a lot of concert scenes.", "The film made over 68 million dollars at the box office in the US and over 80 million all over the world." ]

[ "Prince (musician)", "Prince (musician)", "Prince (musician)", "Prince (musician)" ]

[ "Creed (band)", "I sort of remember Creed when I was in high school. What were their popular songs?", "Did it debut well? What songs on that album made them popular?", "What happened to Creed? Are they still singing or have they disbanded?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Creed was an American rock band formed in 1993 in Tallahassee, Florida.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ The band's best-known line-up consists of lead vocalist Scott Stapp, guitarist and vocalist Mark Tremonti, bassist Brian Marshall, and drummer Scott Phillips.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Creed released two studio albums, \"My Own Prison\" in 1997 and \"Human Clay\" in 1999, before Marshall left the band in 2000.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ The band's third album, \"Weathered\", was released in 2001 with Tremonti handling bass before the band disbanded in 2004 due to increasing tension between members.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Tremonti, Marshall, and Phillips went on to found Alter Bridge while Stapp followed a solo career.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ In 2009, after months of speculation, Creed reunited for a new album called \"Full Circle\", and toured until the end of 2012.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Another album was planned, but has since been shelved.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ The instrumental members turned their attention back to Alter Bridge and Tremonti formed his own band, while Scott Stapp joined Art of Anarchy.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ There are currently no plans for Creed to resume.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Becoming popular in the late 1990s and early 2000s, the band released three consecutive multi-platinum albums, one of which has been certified diamond.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Creed has sold over 28 million records in the United States, and over 53 million albums worldwide, becoming the ninth best-selling artist of the 2000s." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Creed was an American rock band formed in 1993 in Tallahassee, Florida.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ The band's best-known line-up consists of lead vocalist Scott Stapp, guitarist and vocalist Mark Tremonti, bassist Brian Marshall, and drummer Scott Phillips.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Creed released two studio albums, \"My Own Prison\" in 1997 and \"Human Clay\" in 1999, before Marshall left the band in 2000.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ The band's third album, \"Weathered\", was released in 2001 with Tremonti handling bass before the band disbanded in 2004 due to increasing tension between members.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Tremonti, Marshall, and Phillips went on to found Alter Bridge while Stapp followed a solo career.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ In 2009, after months of speculation, Creed reunited for a new album called \"Full Circle\", and toured until the end of 2012.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Another album was planned, but has since been shelved.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ The instrumental members turned their attention back to Alter Bridge and Tremonti formed his own band, while Scott Stapp joined Art of Anarchy.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ There are currently no plans for Creed to resume.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Becoming popular in the late 1990s and early 2000s, the band released three consecutive multi-platinum albums, one of which has been certified diamond.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Creed has sold over 28 million records in the United States, and over 53 million albums worldwide, becoming the ninth best-selling artist of the 2000s.", "Creed Bratton (character) __knowledge__ Creed Rowland Bratton, also known as \"William Charles Schneider\" (claims to have been born November 1, 1925) is a fictional character from the U.S. television series \"The Office\".", "Creed Bratton (character) __knowledge__ Confusion may arise from the fact that the character is played by the musician of the same name, Creed Bratton.", "Creed Bratton (character) __knowledge__ The fictional Creed is partially based on the experiences and former flower child lifestyle of the real one; however, the character is an embellished version of the real person.", "Creed Bratton (character) __knowledge__ Unlike most characters of this version of \"The Office\", he has no equivalent in the original BBC series despite sharing similar lines in the pilot episode with the character of Ryan Howard.", "Assassin's Creed __knowledge__ Assassin's Creed is a franchise centered on an action-adventure video game series developed by Ubisoft.", "Assassin's Creed __knowledge__ It depicts a centuries-old struggle pitting the Assassins, who fight for peace and free will, against the Templars, who believe peace comes through control of humanity.", "Assassin's Creed __knowledge__ The series features historical fiction mixed with real-world historical events and figures.", "Assassin's Creed __knowledge__ The series took inspiration from the novel \"Alamut\" by the Slovenian writer Vladimir Bartol, while building upon concepts from the \"Prince of Persia\" series.", "Assassin's Creed __knowledge__ The franchise began in 2007 with the release of \"Assassin's Creed\".", "Assassin's Creed __knowledge__ The main video game series consists of ten entries, developed by Ubisoft Montreal (single-player) and Ubisoft Annecy (multiplayer), released on PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One, Wii U, Microsoft Windows, and OS X platforms.", "List of Assassin's Creed characters __knowledge__ This list of characters from the \"Assassin's Creed\" franchise contains only characters that are considered part of \"Assassin's Creed\" canon.", "List of Assassin's Creed characters __knowledge__ Some of them are completely fictional and some are partially based on real-world historical figures.", "List of Assassin's Creed characters __knowledge__ Desmond Miles (March 13, 1987–December 21, 2012), a member of the Assassin Order in the 21st century and a descendant of numerous familial lines that had sworn an allegiance to the Assassins; including individuals such as Aquilus, Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad, Ezio Auditore de Firenze, Edward Kenway and Connor/Ratonhnhaké:ton.", "List of Assassin's Creed characters __knowledge__ He ended his own life for the sake of the planet in 2012.", "Filioque __knowledge__ Filioque () is a Latin term added to the original Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed (commonly known as the Nicene Creed), and which has been the subject of great controversy between Eastern and Western Christianity.", "Filioque __knowledge__ The Latin term \"Filioque\" describes the Holy Spirit in Christianity as proceeding from both the Father and the Son, (and not from the Father only).", "Filioque __knowledge__ In the Nicene Creed it is translated by the English phrase \"and the Son\": or in Latin: Whether that term \"Filioque\" is included, as well as how it is translated and understood, can have important implications for how one understands the central Christian doctrine of the Holy Trinity.", "List of Black Cat characters __knowledge__ The \"Black Cat\" manga series features characters created by Kentaro Yabuki.", "List of Black Cat characters __knowledge__ The story follows a young man named Train Heartnet who withdrew from an elite group of assassins called the Chronos Numbers two years earlier and is now a Sweeper, or bounty hunter.", "List of Black Cat characters __knowledge__ Many of the characters are humans with superhuman strength, speed and/or supernatural abilities.", "List of Black Cat characters __knowledge__ \"Black Cat\"s anime adaptation features some characters not created by Yabuki, as well as many plot differences.", "List of Black Cat characters __knowledge__ , also known as , is the protagonist and a Sweeper partnered with Sven.", "List of Black Cat characters __knowledge__ Train is a lighthearted, courageous man who is highly skilled with a gun.", "Charitable contribution deductions in the United States __knowledge__ Charitable contribution deductions for United States Federal Income Tax purposes are defined in section 170(c) of the Internal Revenue Code as contributions to or for the use of certain nonprofit enterprises.", "Charitable contribution deductions in the United States __knowledge__ See Certain portions of the market value of non-cash donations, such as short-term capital gains, are made non-deductible by I.R.C.", "Charitable contribution deductions in the United States __knowledge__ 170(e)(1)(A).", "Charitable contribution deductions in the United States __knowledge__ An organization must meet certain requirements set forth in the Code.", "Charitable contribution deductions in the United States __knowledge__ Some organizations must also file a request with the Internal Revenue Service to gain status as a tax-exempt non-profit charitable organization under section 501(c)(3) of the tax code.", "The Velvet Underground __knowledge__ The Velvet Underground was an American rock band formed in 1964 in New York City by singer/guitarist Lou Reed, multi-instrumentalist John Cale, guitarist Sterling Morrison, and drummer Angus MacLise (replaced by Moe Tucker in 1965).", "The Velvet Underground __knowledge__ The band was initially active between 1965 and 1973, and was briefly managed by the pop artist Andy Warhol, serving as the house band at the Factory and Warhol's \"Exploding Plastic Inevitable\" events from 1966 to 1967.", "The Velvet Underground __knowledge__ Their debut album, \"The Velvet Underground & Nico\" (with German born singer and model Nico), was released in 1967 to critical indifference and poor sales, but over time has been critically acclaimed; it was called the \"most prophetic rock album ever made\" by \"Rolling Stone\" in 2003.", "Music of Florida __knowledge__ The music of Florida has had many influences and the state has influenced many genres and produced many musicians.", "Music of Florida __knowledge__ Blues artists from Florida include Piedmont blues singer and guitarist Gabriel Brown and saxophonist and blues shouter Buster Bennett.", "Music of Florida __knowledge__ Bebop drummer Robert Thomas, Jr. and swing drummer Panama Francis were born in Miami.", "Music of Florida __knowledge__ Saxophonist Archie Shepp was born in Fort Lauderdale.", "Music of Florida __knowledge__ Trumpeter Fats Navarro was born in Key West.", "Music of Florida __knowledge__ Bassist, cellist, and composer Sam Jones was born in Jacksonville.", "Music of Florida __knowledge__ Alto saxophonist Cannonball Adderley, his brother cornet and trumpet player Nat Adderley, of Tampa, and tenor saxophonist Junior Cook of Pensacola were active in the hard bop era.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Pearl Jam is an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1990.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Since its inception, the band's line-up has consisted of Eddie Vedder (lead vocals), Mike McCready (lead guitar), Stone Gossard (rhythm guitar) and Jeff Ament (bass).", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ The band's fifth member is drummer Matt Cameron (also of Soundgarden), who has been with the band since 1998.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Boom Gaspar (piano) has also been a session/touring member with the band since 2002.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Drummers Dave Krusen, Matt Chamberlain, Dave Abbruzzese and Jack Irons are former members of the band.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Formed after the demise of Gossard and Ament's previous band, Mother Love Bone, Pearl Jam broke into the mainstream with its debut album, \"Ten\", in 1991.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Serbian rock is the rock music scene of Serbia.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ During the 1960s, 1970s and the 1980s, while Serbia was a constituent republic of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Serbian rock scene was a part of the SFR Yugoslav rock scene.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was not an Eastern Bloc country, but a member of the Non-Aligned Movement and as such, it was far more opened to the Western culture comparing to the other socialist countries.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll reached Yugoslavia via foreign radio stations, most notably Radio Luxemburg, and rock and roll records, brought in from the West.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll influences reached schlager singers, most notably Đorđe Marjanović, who released the first popular music solo album in Serbia, in 1959." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Creed was an American rock band formed in 1993 in Tallahassee, Florida.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ The band's best-known line-up consists of lead vocalist Scott Stapp, guitarist and vocalist Mark Tremonti, bassist Brian Marshall, and drummer Scott Phillips.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Creed released two studio albums, \"My Own Prison\" in 1997 and \"Human Clay\" in 1999, before Marshall left the band in 2000.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ The band's third album, \"Weathered\", was released in 2001 with Tremonti handling bass before the band disbanded in 2004 due to increasing tension between members.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Tremonti, Marshall, and Phillips went on to found Alter Bridge while Stapp followed a solo career.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ In 2009, after months of speculation, Creed reunited for a new album called \"Full Circle\", and toured until the end of 2012.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Another album was planned, but has since been shelved.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ The instrumental members turned their attention back to Alter Bridge and Tremonti formed his own band, while Scott Stapp joined Art of Anarchy.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ There are currently no plans for Creed to resume.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Becoming popular in the late 1990s and early 2000s, the band released three consecutive multi-platinum albums, one of which has been certified diamond.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Creed has sold over 28 million records in the United States, and over 53 million albums worldwide, becoming the ninth best-selling artist of the 2000s.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records Inc. is an American major record label established in 1958 as the foundation label of the present-day Warner Music Group (WMG), and now operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of that corporation.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records was established on March 19, 1958, as the recorded-music division of the American film studio Warner Bros.. For most of its early existence it was one of a group of labels owned and operated by larger parent corporations.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ The sequence of companies that controlled Warner Bros. and its allied labels evolved through a convoluted series of corporate mergers and acquisitions from the early 1960s to the early 2000s.", "Dropkick Murphys __knowledge__ The Dropkick Murphys are an American Celtic punk band formed in Quincy, Massachusetts, in 1996.", "Dropkick Murphys __knowledge__ The band was initially signed to independent punk record label Hellcat Records, releasing five albums for the label, and making a name for themselves locally through constant touring and yearly St. Patrick's Day week shows, held in and around Boston.", "Dropkick Murphys __knowledge__ The 2004 single \"Tessie\" became the band's first mainstream hit and one of their biggest charting singles to date.", "Dropkick Murphys __knowledge__ The band's final Hellcat release, 2005's \"The Warrior's Code\", included the song \"I'm Shipping Up to Boston\"; the song was featured in the 2006 Academy Award-winning movie \"The Departed\", and went on to become the band's only Platinum-selling single to date, and remains one of their best-known songs.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The Monkees are an American rock and pop band originally active between 1965 and 1971, with subsequent reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ They were formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider for the American television series \"The Monkees\", which aired from 1966 to 1968.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The musical acting quartet was composed of Americans Micky Dolenz, Michael Nesmith and Peter Tork and British stage and television actor and singer Davy Jones.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The band's music was initially supervised by producer Don Kirshner, backed by the songwriting duo of Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ In 1968, three of the genre's most famous acts, Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple were founded.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Though they came to attract wide audiences, they were often derided by critics.", "Regine Velasquez __knowledge__ Regina Encarnacion Ansong Velasquez (; born April 22, 1970) is a Filipino singer, actress and record producer.", "Regine Velasquez __knowledge__ She gained recognition by winning both the 1984 Ang Bagong Kampeon and the 1989 Asia-Pacific Song Contest, representing the Philippines in the latter.", "Regine Velasquez __knowledge__ Velasquez rose to fame with the release of \"Kung Maibabalik Ko Lang\" from her self-titled debut album in 1987.", "Regine Velasquez __knowledge__ The album was generally well received and produced two more singles, \"Urong Sulong\" and \"Isang Lahi\", that established her as a commercially viable Filipino pop artist.", "Regine Velasquez __knowledge__ Velasquez signed a recording contract with Polygram Records in 1994 and released \"Listen Without Prejudice\", marking her debut as an up-and-coming artist in the Southeast and East Asian region.", "FutureSex/LoveSounds __knowledge__ FutureSex/LoveSounds is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Justin Timberlake.", "FutureSex/LoveSounds __knowledge__ It was released on September 8, 2006 by Jive Records and its affiliated label of the Zomba Group of Companies.", "FutureSex/LoveSounds __knowledge__ During a two-year hiatus, Timberlake resolved his feelings on being unable to record any new material, and as he returned to record some new music, he began collaborating with his longtime record producer Timbaland, alongside the latter's colleague Danja.", "FutureSex/LoveSounds __knowledge__ The album's contents were produced at Timbaland's Thomas Crown Studios.", "FutureSex/LoveSounds __knowledge__ The album shares some lyrical themes with Timberlake's debut album \"Justified\" (2002), although \"FutureSex/LoveSounds\" has more diversity in music genres.", "Wu-Tang Clan __knowledge__ The Wu-Tang Clan is an American hip hop group from Staten Island, New York City, originally composed of East Coast rappers RZA, GZA, Ol' Dirty Bastard, Method Man, Raekwon, Ghostface Killah, Inspectah Deck, U-God and Masta Killa.", "Wu-Tang Clan __knowledge__ Cappadonna later became an official member of the group.", "Wu-Tang Clan __knowledge__ The Wu-Tang Clan has released four gold and platinum studio albums.", "Wu-Tang Clan __knowledge__ Its 1993 debut album, \"Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers)\", is considered to be one of the greatest albums in hip-hop history.", "Wu-Tang Clan __knowledge__ The Wu-Tang Clan has introduced and launched the careers of a number of affiliated artists and groups, often collectively known as the Wu-Tang Killa Bees, and has been described as one of the most influential hip-hop groups of all-time.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Serbian rock is the rock music scene of Serbia.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ During the 1960s, 1970s and the 1980s, while Serbia was a constituent republic of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Serbian rock scene was a part of the SFR Yugoslav rock scene.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was not an Eastern Bloc country, but a member of the Non-Aligned Movement and as such, it was far more opened to the Western culture comparing to the other socialist countries.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll reached Yugoslavia via foreign radio stations, most notably Radio Luxemburg, and rock and roll records, brought in from the West.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll influences reached schlager singers, most notably Đorđe Marjanović, who released the first popular music solo album in Serbia, in 1959.", "Lil' Kim __knowledge__ Kimberly Denise Jones (born July 11, 1975 or 1976), known professionally by her stage name Lil' Kim, is an American rapper, songwriter, record producer, model, and actress.", "Lil' Kim __knowledge__ She was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York, living much of her adolescent life on the streets after being expelled from home.", "Lil' Kim __knowledge__ In her teens, Jones would freestyle rap, heavily influenced by fellow female hip-hop artists like MC Lyte and The Lady of Rage.", "Lil' Kim __knowledge__ In 1994, she was discovered by fellow rapper The Notorious B.I.G., who invited her to join his rap group Junior M.A.F.I.A.", "Lil' Kim __knowledge__ ; their debut album as a group, \"Conspiracy\", generated two top 20 singles in the United States and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Clifford Joseph Harris Jr. (born September 25, 1980), known professionally as T.I.", "T.I. __knowledge__ and Tip (often stylized as TIP or T.I.P.", "T.I. __knowledge__ ), is an American rapper and actor.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Harris signed his first major-label record deal in 1999, with Arista subsidiary LaFace.", "T.I. __knowledge__ In 2001, Harris formed the Southern hip hop group P$C, alongside his longtime friends and fellow Atlanta-based rappers Big Kuntry King, Mac Boney and C-Rod.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Upon being released from Arista, Harris signed to Atlantic and subsequently became the co-chief executive officer (CEO) of his own label imprint, Grand Hustle Records, which he launched in 2003.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Harris is also perhaps best known as one of the artists who popularized the hip hop subgenre trap music, along with Young Jeezy and Gucci Mane.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ Illmatic is the debut studio album by American rapper Nas.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ It was released on April 19, 1994, by Columbia Records.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ After signing with the label with the help of MC Serch, Nas recorded the album in 1992 and 1993 at Chung King Studios, D&D Recording, Battery Studios, and Unique Recording Studios in New York City.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ Its production was handled by DJ Premier, Large Professor, Pete Rock, Q-Tip, L.E.S.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ and Nas himself.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ Styled as a hardcore hip hop album, \"Illmatic\" features multi-syllabic internal rhymes and inner-city narratives based on Nas's experiences in Queensbridge, New York.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ The album debuted at number 12 on the US \"Billboard\" 200 chart, selling 60,000 copies in its first week.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses, often abbreviated as GNR, is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1985.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ The lineup, when first signed to Geffen Records in 1986, consisted of vocalist Axl Rose, lead guitarist Slash, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin, bassist Duff McKagan, and drummer Steven Adler.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses has released six studio albums, accumulating sales of more than 100 million records worldwide, including 45 million in the United States, making them the 41st best-selling artist of all time.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses' debut album, \"Appetite for Destruction\" (1987), reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 a year after its release, on the strength of \"Sweet Child o' Mine\", the band's only single to reach number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Creed was an American rock band formed in 1993 in Tallahassee, Florida.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ The band's best-known line-up consists of lead vocalist Scott Stapp, guitarist and vocalist Mark Tremonti, bassist Brian Marshall, and drummer Scott Phillips.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Creed released two studio albums, \"My Own Prison\" in 1997 and \"Human Clay\" in 1999, before Marshall left the band in 2000.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ The band's third album, \"Weathered\", was released in 2001 with Tremonti handling bass before the band disbanded in 2004 due to increasing tension between members.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Tremonti, Marshall, and Phillips went on to found Alter Bridge while Stapp followed a solo career.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ In 2009, after months of speculation, Creed reunited for a new album called \"Full Circle\", and toured until the end of 2012.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Another album was planned, but has since been shelved.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ The instrumental members turned their attention back to Alter Bridge and Tremonti formed his own band, while Scott Stapp joined Art of Anarchy.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ There are currently no plans for Creed to resume.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Becoming popular in the late 1990s and early 2000s, the band released three consecutive multi-platinum albums, one of which has been certified diamond.", "Creed (band) __knowledge__ Creed has sold over 28 million records in the United States, and over 53 million albums worldwide, becoming the ninth best-selling artist of the 2000s.", "List of Assassin's Creed characters __knowledge__ This list of characters from the \"Assassin's Creed\" franchise contains only characters that are considered part of \"Assassin's Creed\" canon.", "List of Assassin's Creed characters __knowledge__ Some of them are completely fictional and some are partially based on real-world historical figures.", "List of Assassin's Creed characters __knowledge__ Desmond Miles (March 13, 1987–December 21, 2012), a member of the Assassin Order in the 21st century and a descendant of numerous familial lines that had sworn an allegiance to the Assassins; including individuals such as Aquilus, Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad, Ezio Auditore de Firenze, Edward Kenway and Connor/Ratonhnhaké:ton.", "List of Assassin's Creed characters __knowledge__ He ended his own life for the sake of the planet in 2012.", "Creed Bratton (character) __knowledge__ Creed Rowland Bratton, also known as \"William Charles Schneider\" (claims to have been born November 1, 1925) is a fictional character from the U.S. television series \"The Office\".", "Creed Bratton (character) __knowledge__ Confusion may arise from the fact that the character is played by the musician of the same name, Creed Bratton.", "Creed Bratton (character) __knowledge__ The fictional Creed is partially based on the experiences and former flower child lifestyle of the real one; however, the character is an embellished version of the real person.", "Creed Bratton (character) __knowledge__ Unlike most characters of this version of \"The Office\", he has no equivalent in the original BBC series despite sharing similar lines in the pilot episode with the character of Ryan Howard.", "Filioque __knowledge__ Filioque () is a Latin term added to the original Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed (commonly known as the Nicene Creed), and which has been the subject of great controversy between Eastern and Western Christianity.", "Filioque __knowledge__ The Latin term \"Filioque\" describes the Holy Spirit in Christianity as proceeding from both the Father and the Son, (and not from the Father only).", "Filioque __knowledge__ In the Nicene Creed it is translated by the English phrase \"and the Son\": or in Latin: Whether that term \"Filioque\" is included, as well as how it is translated and understood, can have important implications for how one understands the central Christian doctrine of the Holy Trinity.", "Assassin's Creed __knowledge__ Assassin's Creed is a franchise centered on an action-adventure video game series developed by Ubisoft.", "Assassin's Creed __knowledge__ It depicts a centuries-old struggle pitting the Assassins, who fight for peace and free will, against the Templars, who believe peace comes through control of humanity.", "Assassin's Creed __knowledge__ The series features historical fiction mixed with real-world historical events and figures.", "Assassin's Creed __knowledge__ The series took inspiration from the novel \"Alamut\" by the Slovenian writer Vladimir Bartol, while building upon concepts from the \"Prince of Persia\" series.", "Assassin's Creed __knowledge__ The franchise began in 2007 with the release of \"Assassin's Creed\".", "Assassin's Creed __knowledge__ The main video game series consists of ten entries, developed by Ubisoft Montreal (single-player) and Ubisoft Annecy (multiplayer), released on PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One, Wii U, Microsoft Windows, and OS X platforms.", "Assassin's Creed III __knowledge__ Assassin's Creed III is a 2012 action-adventure video game developed by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft for PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Wii U, and Microsoft Windows.", "Assassin's Creed III __knowledge__ It is the fifth major installment in the \"Assassin's Creed\" series, and a direct sequel to 2011's \"\".", "Assassin's Creed III __knowledge__ The game was released worldwide for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360, beginning in North America on October 30, 2012, with a Wii U and Microsoft Windows release following in November 2012.", "Assassin's Creed III __knowledge__ The plot is set in a fictional history of real world events and follows the centuries-old struggle between the Assassins, who fight for peace with free will, and the Templars, who desire peace through control.", "Sabretooth (comics) __knowledge__ Sabretooth (Victor Creed) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, most commonly in association with the X-Men, in particular as an archenemy of Wolverine.", "Sabretooth (comics) __knowledge__ Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist/co-writer John Byrne, the character first appeared in \"Iron Fist\" #14 (August 1977).", "Sabretooth (comics) __knowledge__ Sabretooth was originally portrayed as a non-powered serial killer but was later written as a mutant possessing bestial superhuman abilities, most notably a rapid healing factor, razor-sharp fangs and claws, and superhuman senses.", "Sabretooth (comics) __knowledge__ He is a vicious assassin, responsible for numerous deaths both as a paid mercenary and for his personal pleasure.", "Human Clay __knowledge__ Human Clay is the second studio album by American rock band Creed, released on September 28, 1999 through Wind-Up Records.", "Human Clay __knowledge__ This was the final album to feature Brian Marshall, who had left the band in 2000, until 2009's \"Full Circle\".", "Human Clay __knowledge__ The album has sold over 11.5 million copies in the United States alone and over 20 million worldwide, making it the best selling album of Creed's career and one of the best-selling albums in the United States.", "Human Clay __knowledge__ \"Human Clay\" is the only Creed album without a title track.", "Human Clay __knowledge__ According to Mark Tremonti, the album cover represents a crossroad which every man finds himself at in his life and the man of clay represented \"our actions, that what we are is up to us, that we lead our own path and make our own destiny.\"", "Mark Tremonti __knowledge__ Mark Thomas Tremonti (born April 18, 1974) is an American musician, singer, and songwriter, best known as the lead guitarist of the rock bands Creed and Alter Bridge.", "Mark Tremonti __knowledge__ He is a founding member of both bands, and has also collaborated with many other artists over the years.", "Mark Tremonti __knowledge__ He formed his own band, Tremonti, in 2011, releasing the album \"All I Was\" in July 2012, followed by \"Cauterize\" in June 2015 and \"Dust\" in April 2016.", "Mark Tremonti __knowledge__ Since his early years with Creed, Tremonti has received positive recognition as a guitarist and songwriter and has received a number of accolades, including one Grammy Award for Creed's single \"With Arms Wide Open.\"", "With Arms Wide Open __knowledge__ \"With Arms Wide Open\" is a song by American rock band Creed.", "With Arms Wide Open __knowledge__ It was released on April 24, 2000 as the third single from their second studio album, \"Human Clay\".", "With Arms Wide Open __knowledge__ The song topped the \"Billboard\" Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks chart (most airplay of a track from an album) for four weeks in July 2000; a month later it reached the U.S. top 40 (in sales).", "With Arms Wide Open __knowledge__ In October, the song hit the top ten and topped the \"Billboard\"s Adult Top 40 chart for eight weeks.", "With Arms Wide Open __knowledge__ It hit number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 on the issue dated of November 11, 2000 for one week, becoming their first and only number one.", "With Arms Wide Open __knowledge__ The music video topped VH1's top ten countdown in 2000.", "Scott Stapp __knowledge__ Anthony Scott Flippen (born August 8, 1973), also known as Scott Stapp, is an American singer, songwriter, and musician, known as the lead vocalist and lyricist of rock bands Creed and Art of Anarchy.", "Scott Stapp __knowledge__ He also has two solo albums: \"The Great Divide\" (2005) and \"Proof of Life\" (2013).", "Scott Stapp __knowledge__ Stapp has received several accolades, including a Grammy Award for Creed's song \"With Arms Wide Open\" and numerous RIAA certifications.", "Scott Stapp __knowledge__ In 2006, \"Hit Parader\" ranked Stapp as the 68th greatest heavy metal vocalist of all time.", "Scott Stapp __knowledge__ Stapp is a founding member and lead vocalist of the American hard rock band Creed.", "Scott Stapp __knowledge__ After developing a friendship with an acquaintance, his future bandmate Mark Tremonti at Lake Highland Preparatory School in Orlando, Stapp reunited with Tremonti while both attended Florida State University, and they quickly developed a friendship based on their mutual passion for music.", "Sentimental ballad __knowledge__ Sentimental ballads, also known as pop ballads, rock ballads or power ballads, are an emotional style of music that often deal with romantic and intimate relationships, and to a lesser extent, war (protest songs), loneliness, death, drug abuse, politics and religion, usually in a poignant but solemn manner.", "Sentimental ballad __knowledge__ Ballads are generally melodic enough to get the listener's attention.", "Sentimental ballad __knowledge__ Sentimental ballads are found in most music genres, such as, pop, R&B, soul, country, folk, rock and electronic music, among others.", "Sentimental ballad __knowledge__ Usually slow in tempo, ballads tend to have a lush musical arrangement which emphasize the song's melody and harmonies.", "Post-grunge __knowledge__ Post-grunge is a derivative of grunge and a style of alternative rock and hard rock that began in the 1990s.", "Post-grunge __knowledge__ Originally, was an informal and even pejorative label used to describe bands that emulated the grunge sound of bands such as Nirvana, Pearl Jam, Bush, Candlebox and Collective Soul.", "Post-grunge __knowledge__ In the late 1990s, post-grunge morphed into a more clearly defined style that married the sound and aesthetic of grunge with a more mainstream approach.", "Post-grunge __knowledge__ rose to prominence in the 1990s and continued to remain popular in the 2000s.", "Post-grunge __knowledge__ Post-grunge bands such as , Puddle of Mudd, Staind, Nickelback, Creed and Matchbox Twenty all achieved mainstream success." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 3, 6 ]

[ "reed was an American rock band formed in 1993 in Tallahassee, do you remember creed?", "Well their debut album was My own prison in 1997.", "With arms wide open was their most famous song, it was on the human clay album from 1999", "They have disbanded as of now, their last album was full circle which came out in 2012. " ]

[ "Creed (band)", "Creed (band)", "Creed (band)", "Creed (band)" ]

[ "Hamburger", "yes,i would like to the humburger", "oh.its very tasty.you about that tasty feeling", "you first tell about it " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term may be prefixed with the type of meat or meat substitute used, as in \"turkey burger\", \"bison burger\", or \"veggie burger\".", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are sold at fast-food restaurants, diners, and specialty and high-end restaurants (where burgers may sell for several times the cost of a fast-food burger, but may be one of the cheaper options on the menu).", "Hamburger __knowledge__ There are many international and regional variations of the hamburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"hamburger\" originally derives from Hamburg, Germany's second-largest city.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ In German, \"Burg\" means \"castle\", \"fortified settlement\" or \"fortified refuge\" and is a widespread component of place names." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term may be prefixed with the type of meat or meat substitute used, as in \"turkey burger\", \"bison burger\", or \"veggie burger\".", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are sold at fast-food restaurants, diners, and specialty and high-end restaurants (where burgers may sell for several times the cost of a fast-food burger, but may be one of the cheaper options on the menu).", "Hamburger __knowledge__ There are many international and regional variations of the hamburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"hamburger\" originally derives from Hamburg, Germany's second-largest city.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ In German, \"Burg\" means \"castle\", \"fortified settlement\" or \"fortified refuge\" and is a widespread component of place names.", "Jan Harold Brunvand __knowledge__ Jan Harold Brunvand (born March 23, 1933) is a retired American folklorist, researcher, writer, public speaker, and professor emeritus of English at the University of Utah.", "Jan Harold Brunvand __knowledge__ Brunvand is best known for popularizing the concept of the urban legend, a form of modern folklore or story telling.", "Jan Harold Brunvand __knowledge__ Urban Legends are \"too good to be true\" stories that travel by word of mouth, by print or the internet and are attributed to an FOAF: friend of a friend.", "Jan Harold Brunvand __knowledge__ \"Urban Legends,\" Brunvand says, \"have a persistent hold on the imagination because they have an element of suspense or humor, they are plausible and they have a moral.\"", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The culmination of multiple years of debate and planning after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown constitutional accords, the referendum was launched solely by the provincial Parti Québécois government of Jacques Parizeau.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ Despite initial predictions of a heavy sovereignist defeat, an eventful and complex campaign followed, with the \"Yes\" side flourishing after being taken over by charismatic Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Wendy's __knowledge__ Wendy's is an American international fast food restaurant chain founded by Dave Thomas on November 15, 1969, in Columbus, Ohio.", "Wendy's __knowledge__ The company moved its headquarters to Dublin, Ohio, on January 29, 2006.", "Wendy's __knowledge__ As of 2016, Wendy's was the world's third largest hamburger fast food chain with 6,500+ locations, following Burger King and McDonald's.", "Wendy's __knowledge__ On April 24, 2008, the company announced a merger with Triarc Companies Inc., a publicly traded company and the parent company of Arby's.", "Wendy's __knowledge__ Despite the new ownership, Wendy's headquarters remained in Dublin.", "Wendy's __knowledge__ Previously, Wendy's had rejected more than two buyout offers from Triarc.", "History of the hamburger in the United States __knowledge__ A hamburger (or burger) is a sandwich that consists of a cooked ground meat patty, usually beef, placed between halves of a sliced bun or between slices of bread or toast.", "History of the hamburger in the United States __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with various condiments, such as mustard, mayonnaise, and ketchup, and other options including lettuce, tomato, onion, pickles, and cheese.", "History of the hamburger in the United States __knowledge__ The Texas historian Frank X. Tolbert attributes the invention of the hamburger to Fletcher Davis of Athens, Texas.", "History of the hamburger in the United States __knowledge__ Davis is believed to have sold hamburgers at his café at 115 Tyler Street in Athens, Texas, in the late 1880s, before bringing them to the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair.", "Jack in the Box __knowledge__ Jack in the Box is an American fast-food restaurant chain founded February 21, 1951, by Robert O. Peterson in San Diego, California, where it is headquartered.", "Jack in the Box __knowledge__ The chain has 2,200 locations, primarily serving the West Coast of the United States and selected large urban areas in the eastern portion of the US including Texas and the Charlotte metropolitan area.", "Jack in the Box __knowledge__ Food items include a variety of hamburger and cheeseburger sandwiches along with selections of internationally themed foods such as tacos and egg rolls.", "Jack in the Box __knowledge__ The company also operates the Qdoba Mexican Grill chain.", "Jack in the Box __knowledge__ Robert Oscar Peterson already owned several successful restaurants when he opened Topsy's Drive-In at 6270 El Cajon Boulevard in San Diego in 1941." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term may be prefixed with the type of meat or meat substitute used, as in \"turkey burger\", \"bison burger\", or \"veggie burger\".", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are sold at fast-food restaurants, diners, and specialty and high-end restaurants (where burgers may sell for several times the cost of a fast-food burger, but may be one of the cheaper options on the menu).", "Hamburger __knowledge__ There are many international and regional variations of the hamburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"hamburger\" originally derives from Hamburg, Germany's second-largest city.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ In German, \"Burg\" means \"castle\", \"fortified settlement\" or \"fortified refuge\" and is a widespread component of place names.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Oddworld: New 'n' Tasty! __knowledge__ Oddworld: New 'n' Tasty!, also known as Oddworld: Abe's Oddysee – New 'n' Tasty!", "Oddworld: New 'n' Tasty! __knowledge__ and stylized as New 'n' Tasty!", "Oddworld: New 'n' Tasty! __knowledge__ – Oddworld: Abe's Oddysee, is a 2014 cinematic platform video game developed by Just Add Water and published by Oddworld Inhabitants as a \"ground-up remake\" of \"\".", "Oddworld: New 'n' Tasty! __knowledge__ The game was released in North America on 22 July 2014 and in Europe on 23 July 2014 for the PlayStation 4.", "Oddworld: New 'n' Tasty! __knowledge__ The title was also released for Linux, Microsoft Windows, OS X, Xbox One, PlayStation 3, PlayStation Vita and Wii U.", "Oddworld: New 'n' Tasty! __knowledge__ It has been lately ported on iOS and Android and released worldwide on 14 December 2017.", "Oddworld: New 'n' Tasty! __knowledge__ In 2016, series creator Lorne Lanning announced at the Game Developers Conference that a follow up to \"Oddworld: New 'n' Tasty\", titled \"Oddworld: Soulstorm\", is in development.", "Electronic mailing list __knowledge__ An electronic mailing list or email list is a special use of email that allows for widespread distribution of information to many Internet users.", "Electronic mailing list __knowledge__ It is similar to a traditional mailing list – a list of names and addresses – as might be kept by an organization for sending publications to its members or customers, but typically refers to four things: Electronic mailing lists usually are fully or partially automated through the use of special mailing list software and a reflector address set up on a server capable of receiving email.", "Electronic mailing list __knowledge__ Incoming messages sent to the reflector address are processed by the software, and, depending on their content, are acted upon internally (in the case of messages containing commands directed at the software itself) or are distributed to all email addresses subscribed to the mailing list.", "Cypherpunk __knowledge__ A cypherpunk (/ˈsʌɪfəpʌŋk/ /ˈsʌɪfərpʌŋk/) is any activist advocating widespread use of strong cryptography and privacy-enhancing technologies as a route to social and political change.", "Cypherpunk __knowledge__ Originally communicating through the Cypherpunks electronic mailing list, informal groups aimed to achieve privacy and security through proactive use of cryptography.", "Cypherpunk __knowledge__ Cypherpunks have been engaged in an active movement since the late 1980s.", "Cypherpunk __knowledge__ Until about the 1970s, cryptography was mainly practiced in secret by military or spy agencies.", "Cypherpunk __knowledge__ However, that changed when two publications brought it out of the closet into public awareness: the US government publication of the Data Encryption Standard (DES), a block cipher which became very widely used; and the first publicly available work on public-key cryptography, by Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman.", "Variable envelope return path __knowledge__ Variable envelope return path (VERP) is a technique used by some electronic mailing list software to enable automatic detection and removal of undeliverable e-mail addresses.", "Variable envelope return path __knowledge__ It works by using a different return path (also called \"envelope sender\") for each recipient of a message.", "Variable envelope return path __knowledge__ Any long-lived mailing list is going to eventually contain addresses that can't be reached.", "Variable envelope return path __knowledge__ Addresses that were once valid can become unusable because the person receiving the mail there has switched to a different provider.", "Variable envelope return path __knowledge__ In another scenario, the address may still exist but be abandoned, with unread mail accumulating until there is not enough room left to accept any more.", "Tasty Sandwich Shop __knowledge__ The Tasty Sandwich Shop, sometimes referred to as “The Tasty”, was located near the intersection of JFK Street and Brattle Street, at the center of Harvard Square, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.", "Tasty Sandwich Shop __knowledge__ It was housed in the Read Block building, which was the site of the home of colonial poet Anne Bradstreet.", "Tasty Sandwich Shop __knowledge__ The Tasty closed in 1997, after 81 years in business, and was later replaced by the chain stores Abercrombie & Fitch and Pacific Sunwear, then Citizens Bank and, the current occupant, a CVS Pharmacy.", "Tasty Sandwich Shop __knowledge__ The Tasty was a tiny one-room diner and lunch counter, its customer area no more than seven feet wide and thirty feet deep, with a narrow counter made of yellow linoleum.", "Big N' Tasty __knowledge__ The Big N’ Tasty is a hamburger sold by the international fast food chain McDonald's.", "Big N' Tasty __knowledge__ It is designed to compete with the Burger King Whopper sandwich.", "Big N' Tasty __knowledge__ A similar variation called the Big Tasty, without the center \"N'\", which was first released in Jordan, is sold outside the United States in parts of Europe, South America, the Middle East, and Taiwan.", "Big N' Tasty __knowledge__ The Big N' Tasty consists of a seasoned quarter-pound (4 oz, 113.4 g) beef patty with ketchup, mayonnaise, slivered onions, two dill pickle slices, leaf lettuce, and one tomato slice on a sesame seed bun.", "Big N' Tasty __knowledge__ The Big Tasty configuration is somewhat different, consisting of a third-pound (151 g) beef patty, 5-inch (12.7 cm) sesame seed bun, square-cut lettuce, two tomato slices, sliced onions, three slices of Emmental cheese, and Big Tasty sauce (which has a smoke flavor).", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ Lettuce (\"Lactuca sativa\") is an annual plant of the daisy family, Asteraceae.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ It is most often grown as a leaf vegetable, but sometimes for its stem and seeds.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ Lettuce is most often used for salads, although it is also seen in other kinds of food, such as soups, sandwiches and wraps; it can also be grilled.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ One variety, the \" (), or asparagus lettuce (celtuce), is grown for its stems, which are eaten either raw or cooked.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ In addition to its main use as a leafy green, it has also gathered religious and medicinal significance over centuries of human consumption.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ Europe and North America originally dominated the market for lettuce, but by the late 20th century the consumption of lettuce had spread throughout the world.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term may be prefixed with the type of meat or meat substitute used, as in \"turkey burger\", \"bison burger\", or \"veggie burger\".", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are sold at fast-food restaurants, diners, and specialty and high-end restaurants (where burgers may sell for several times the cost of a fast-food burger, but may be one of the cheaper options on the menu).", "Hamburger __knowledge__ There are many international and regional variations of the hamburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"hamburger\" originally derives from Hamburg, Germany's second-largest city.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ In German, \"Burg\" means \"castle\", \"fortified settlement\" or \"fortified refuge\" and is a widespread component of place names.", "History of Gaza __knowledge__ The known history of Gaza spans 4,000 years.", "History of Gaza __knowledge__ Gaza was ruled, destroyed and repopulated by various dynasties, empires, and peoples.", "History of Gaza __knowledge__ Originally a Canaanite settlement, it came under the control of the ancient Egyptians for roughly 350 years before being conquered and becoming one of the Philistines' principal cities.", "History of Gaza __knowledge__ Gaza fell to the Israelites in about 1000 BCE but became part of the Assyrian Empire around 730 BCE.", "History of Gaza __knowledge__ Alexander the Great besieged and captured the city in 332 BCE.", "History of Gaza __knowledge__ Most of the inhabitants were killed during the assault, and the city, which became a center for Hellenistic learning and philosophy, was resettled by nearby Bedouins.", "Gaza City __knowledge__ Gaza (; ', ; \"Ġāzā\"), also referred to as Gaza City, is a Palestinian city in the Gaza Strip, with a population of 515,556, making it the largest city in the State of Palestine.", "Gaza City __knowledge__ Inhabited since at least the 15th century BC, Gaza has been dominated by several different peoples and empires throughout its history.", "Gaza City __knowledge__ The Philistines made it a part of their pentapolis after the Ancient Egyptians had ruled it for nearly 350 years.", "Gaza City __knowledge__ Under the Romans and later the Byzantines, Gaza experienced relative peace and its port flourished.", "Gaza City __knowledge__ In 635 AD, it became the first city in Palestine to be conquered by the Rashidun army and quickly developed into a center of Islamic law.", "Emaré __knowledge__ Emaré is a Middle English Breton lai, a form of Mediaeval romance poem, told in 1035 lines.", "Emaré __knowledge__ The author of \"Emaré\" is unknown and it exists in only one manuscript, Cotton Caligula A. ii, which contains ten metrical narratives.", "Emaré __knowledge__ \"Emaré\" seems to date from the late fourteenth century, possibly written in the North East Midlands.", "Emaré __knowledge__ The iambic pattern is rather rough.", "Emaré __knowledge__ It tells a version of the popular \"Constance-saga\".", "Emaré __knowledge__ The text begins with a standard invocation to Christ, but one of uncommon length; it may be the longest one in English romance.", "Emaré __knowledge__ We are then told of Sir Artyus, an Emperor.", "Emaré __knowledge__ His wife gives birth to a beautiful baby girl but dies shortly afterwards.", "Summer Newman __knowledge__ Summer Newman is a fictional character from the American CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\".", "Summer Newman __knowledge__ Created by former head writers Lynn Marie Latham and Kay Alden, the role is currently portrayed by Hunter King.", "Summer Newman __knowledge__ The character was born onscreen during the episode airing on December 19, 2006 as the daughter of Phyllis Summers (Gina Tognoni) and Nicholas Newman (Joshua Morrow), but for one year was believed to be the daughter of Jack Abbott (Peter Bergman) because of Sharon's tampering with the paternity test results.", "Summer Newman __knowledge__ The role was first portrayed by a series of child actors, including Samantha Bailey.", "Daniel 2 __knowledge__ Daniel 2 (the second chapter of the Book of Daniel) tells how Daniel interpreted a dream of Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon.", "Daniel 2 __knowledge__ The king saw a gigantic statue made of four metals, from its gold head to its feet of mingled iron and clay; as he watched, a stone \"not cut by human hands\" destroyed the statue and became a mountain filling the whole world.", "Daniel 2 __knowledge__ Daniel explained to the king that the statue represented four successive kingdoms beginning with Babylon, while the stone and mountain signified a kingdom established by God which would never be destroyed nor given to another people.", "Daniel 2 __knowledge__ (The dream and its interpretation are given in verses 31-45).", "The Zoo __knowledge__ The Zoo is a one-act comic opera, with music by Arthur Sullivan and a libretto by B. C. Stephenson, writing under the pen name of Bolton Rowe.", "The Zoo __knowledge__ It premiered on 5 June 1875 at the St. James's Theatre in London (as an afterpiece to W. S. Gilbert's \"Tom Cobb\"), concluding its run five weeks later, on 9 July 1875, at the Haymarket Theatre.", "The Zoo __knowledge__ There were brief revivals in late 1875, and again in 1879, before the opera was shelved.", "The Zoo __knowledge__ The farcical story concerns two pairs of lovers.", "The Zoo __knowledge__ First, a nobleman, who goes to the zoo to woo the girl who sells snacks there.", "The Zoo __knowledge__ He tries to impress her by buying and eating all of the food.", "Yanouh __knowledge__ Yanouh () is a village and municipality in the Jbeil District of the Mount Lebanon Governorate, Lebanon.", "Yanouh __knowledge__ It is located 94 kilometers north of Beirut.", "Yanouh __knowledge__ Yanouh's inhabitants are predominantly Maronite Catholics.", "Yanouh __knowledge__ Its average elevation is 1,120 meters above sea level and its total land area is 147 hectares.", "Yanouh __knowledge__ Yanouh stands on the slopes of Joubbat El Mnaitra, five miles east of Qartaba, on the right bank high up in the ravine carved out by the Adonis River, now known as Nahr Ibrahim.", "Yanouh __knowledge__ Yanouh, once a Phoenician center, is half-way between Byblos (Jbeil) and Heliopolis (Baalbek), around 20 km as the crow flies from the Mediterranean sea.", "Like U Like __knowledge__ \"Like U Like\" is a song by British recording artist Aggro Santos featuring Girls Aloud member Kimberley Walsh.", "Like U Like __knowledge__ The song was written by Steve Mac, Wayne Hector and Aggro Santos and produced by Mac for his debut album, \"AggroSantos.com\" (2011).", "Like U Like __knowledge__ After Santos mentioned to Gary Barlow that he was interested in making a duet with Walsh, Barlow contacted Walsh and sorted out their duet.", "Like U Like __knowledge__ Originally Walsh's part was sung by a male.", "Like U Like __knowledge__ The song uses synth noises while Walsh's voice was described by reviewers as sultry and monotone.", "Like U Like __knowledge__ The song received mixed to positive reviews from critics complimenting on the synth noises but criticizing Walsh's contribution to the song.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Cheeseburger __knowledge__ A cheeseburger is a hamburger topped with cheese.", "Cheeseburger __knowledge__ Traditionally, the slice of cheese is placed on top of the meat patty, but the burger can include many variations in structure, ingredients, and composition.", "Cheeseburger __knowledge__ The cheese is normally added to the cooking hamburger patty shortly before serving, which allows the cheese to melt.", "Cheeseburger __knowledge__ As with other hamburgers, a cheeseburger may include toppings, such as lettuce, tomato, onion, pickles, mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, or bacon; examples of less comoon toppings might be spinach or olives.", "Cheeseburger __knowledge__ In fast food restaurants, the cheese used is normally processed cheese, but essentially any other melt-able cheeses may be used instead -- common examples would include as cheddar, Swiss, mozzarella, blue cheese, and pepper jack.", "Whatever U Like __knowledge__ \"Whatever U Like\" is a song by American recording artist Nicole Scherzinger, featuring rapper T.I..", "Whatever U Like __knowledge__ The duo, along with Sean Garrett and Polow da Don, composed the song for Scherzinger's planned debut studio album \"Her Name Is Nicole\".", "Whatever U Like __knowledge__ Interscope Records released \"Whatever U Like\" as Scherzinger's solo debut single on July 30, 2007.", "Whatever U Like __knowledge__ In May 2003, Scherzinger joined The Pussycat Dolls, a burlesque troupe, as a lead singer, when they were re-cast as recording artists.", "Whatever U Like __knowledge__ With the success of the group's debut album, it brought Scherzinger into the media spotlight, which resulted in a series of duets and guest vocals with many male vocalists.", "Cheeseburger (wrestler) __knowledge__ Brandel Littlejohn is an American professional wrestler.", "Cheeseburger (wrestler) __knowledge__ He is currently working for Ring of Honor, where he performs under the ring name Cheeseburger.", "Cheeseburger (wrestler) __knowledge__ He also works as an assistant trainer at the ROH Dojo.", "Cheeseburger (wrestler) __knowledge__ Despite mostly being used as a jobber due to his small stature, he is a perennial fan favorite among ROH fans.", "Cheeseburger (wrestler) __knowledge__ Littlejohn grew up in Trenton, New Jersey and attended Trenton Catholic Academy in nearby Hamilton Township, where his interest in sports was limited to some basketball.", "Cheeseburger (wrestler) __knowledge__ He studied digital film at Mercer County Community College.", "Cheeseburger (wrestler) __knowledge__ Littlejohn began wrestling with the promotion Beyond Wrestling, where he competed as Leech Landa in a match in Philadelphia in September 2012.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line.", "Do What U Like __knowledge__ \"Do What U Like\" is the debut single by English boy band Take That.", "Do What U Like __knowledge__ It was released on 12 July 1991 as the lead single from their debut studio album, \"Take That & Party\" (1992).", "Do What U Like __knowledge__ The song was written by Gary Barlow and Ray Hedges, and it was produced by Hedges with additional production by Graham Stack.", "Do What U Like __knowledge__ \"Do What U Like\" was released on 15 July 1991 as the lead single from Take That's debut album \"Take That & Party\" (1992).", "Do What U Like __knowledge__ The single was released on then-manager Nigel Martin-Smith's record label Dance U.K. and was a commercial failure, peaking at number 82 on the UK Singles Chart.", "Do What U Like __knowledge__ \"Do What U Like\" is also the only single not to be included on the band's second greatest hits compilation, \"Never Forget – The Ultimate Collection\" (2005)." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 4, 3 ]

[ "hi do you like hamburgers?", "i like mine with beef, lettuce, and cheese", "yea , what do u like on your cheeseburger?", "i like cheese, lettuce, ketchup and sesame seed buns" ]

[ "Hamburger", "Hamburger", "Hamburger", "Hamburger" ]

[ "Adam Levine", "I have not. Please tell me a little about him.", "Ah, ok, I know who he is now. ", "I believe I have. Didn't he win that at least once?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Adam Noah Levine (born March 18, 1979) is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and record producer.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ He is the lead singer for the pop rock band Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, Levine began his musical career in 1994, when he co-founded the alternative rock band Kara's Flowers, of which he was the lead vocalist and guitarist.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The band split up after their only album, \"The Fourth World\" (released in 1997), which did not gain popularity.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2001, the group was reformed – with guitarist James Valentine joining the line-up – and began a new musical chapter, changing their name to Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2002, the band released their first album, \"Songs About Jane\", which went multi-platinum in the US.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since then, they have released five more albums: \"It Won't Be Soon Before Long\" (2007), \"Hands All Over\" (2010), \"Overexposed\" (2012), \"V\" (2014) and \"Red Pill Blues\" (2017).", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ As part of Maroon 5, Levine has received three Grammy Awards, two Billboard Music Awards, two American Music Awards, an MTV Video Music Award and a World Music Award.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since 2011, Levine has served as a coach on NBC's reality talent show \"The Voice\".", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The winners of the first, fifth and ninth seasons: Javier Colon, Tessanne Chin and Jordan Smith, were all on his team." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Adam Noah Levine (born March 18, 1979) is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and record producer.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ He is the lead singer for the pop rock band Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, Levine began his musical career in 1994, when he co-founded the alternative rock band Kara's Flowers, of which he was the lead vocalist and guitarist.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The band split up after their only album, \"The Fourth World\" (released in 1997), which did not gain popularity.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2001, the group was reformed – with guitarist James Valentine joining the line-up – and began a new musical chapter, changing their name to Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2002, the band released their first album, \"Songs About Jane\", which went multi-platinum in the US.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since then, they have released five more albums: \"It Won't Be Soon Before Long\" (2007), \"Hands All Over\" (2010), \"Overexposed\" (2012), \"V\" (2014) and \"Red Pill Blues\" (2017).", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ As part of Maroon 5, Levine has received three Grammy Awards, two Billboard Music Awards, two American Music Awards, an MTV Video Music Award and a World Music Award.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since 2011, Levine has served as a coach on NBC's reality talent show \"The Voice\".", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The winners of the first, fifth and ninth seasons: Javier Colon, Tessanne Chin and Jordan Smith, were all on his team.", "Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time __knowledge__ Chauka, please tell us the time is a documentary movie co-directed by Behrouz Boochani and Arash Kamali Sarvestani.", "Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time __knowledge__ It was shot by Behrouz Boochani from inside the Manus Island detention center in Papua New Guinea.", "Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time __knowledge__ The entire movie was shot over a period of several months on a mobile phone, which was kept secret from the prison authorities.", "Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time __knowledge__ Chauka is the name of a native bird on Manus Island and is also the name of the solitary confinement unit at Manus detention center.", "Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time __knowledge__ The Chauka is a symbol of the island and allows locals to tell the time from the Chauka's regular singing.", "Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time __knowledge__ The co-director, Arash Kamali Sarvestani lives in the Netherlands.", "Behrouz Boochani __knowledge__ Behrouz Boochani (Born July 23, 1983 in Ilam, Iran) is a Kurdish journalist, human rights defender, poet and film producer.", "Behrouz Boochani __knowledge__ He is the co-director, along with Arash Kamali Sarvestani, of the documentary \"Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time\" Behrouz Boochani graduated from Tarbiat Modares University with a master's degree in Political Geography and Geopolitics.", "Behrouz Boochani __knowledge__ Boochani worked as a freelance journalist for the Iranian newspapers Kasbokar Weekly, Qanoon, and Etemaad where he published articles on Middle-East politics, minority rights and the survival of Kurdish culture.", "Behrouz Boochani __knowledge__ He cofounded and produced the Kurdish magazine Werya.", "Satya Narayan (Hindu deity) __knowledge__ Thakur Shri Saty Narayan Ji (or SatyNarayan) meaning \"True Image Of Narayan, Satya Roop Of Narayan\", is a deity worshipped by Hindus, mainly in the Indian states of Punjab, Haryana, Chandigarh, (Uttar Prdesh), Chhattisgarh, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Bihar, Assam, Manipur and Tripura or his avatar Krishna by the Hindus.", "Satya Narayan (Hindu deity) __knowledge__ Saty Narayan Ji is worshipped as part of a triad on the “Ratnavedi\" (jewelled platform).", "Satya Narayan (Hindu deity) __knowledge__ The icon of Saty Narayan is a carved and decorated stone stump with beautiful eyes and with stumps as hands, Saty Narayan Ji hasfour Hands each hand Carries Shankh, Chakra, Gadda and one hand in blessing Position Respectively.", "Adi Parashakti __knowledge__ Adi Parashakti or Adishakti (Sanskrit: आदिशक्ति) is the Supreme Being goddess in the Shaktism sect of Hinduism.", "Adi Parashakti __knowledge__ She is also popularly referred to as \"Parama Shakti\", \"Maha Shakti\", \"Mahadevi\", Parvati, or even simply as \"Shakti\".", "Adi Parashakti __knowledge__ \"Parama\" means \"absolute\", \"Satya\" means the Truth as per many Shakta texts.", "Adi Parashakti __knowledge__ The Devi Bhagavata Mahapurana states that Adi Parashakti is the original creator, observer and destroyer of the whole universe.", "Adi Parashakti __knowledge__ As per Shaktism, Adi Parashakti appeared as Divine Pure Eternal Consciousness i.e.", "Adi Parashakti __knowledge__ Shoonya Bindu, the divine zero feminine energy, which then expresses itself as Prakriti (Universal Nature).", "Srinivasa Acarya __knowledge__ Śrinivāsa Āchārya Thakur (May 15, c. 1517 – May 9, ?)", "Srinivasa Acarya __knowledge__ was a famous Vaishnava guru, the pupil of Jiva Gosvamin and teacher of Yadunandana dasa and Radhavallabha dasa, among others.", "Srinivasa Acarya __knowledge__ He converted King Birahambira to Vaishnava.", "Srinivasa Acarya __knowledge__ His daughter, Hemalata Thakurani, was also a guru.", "Srinivasa Acarya __knowledge__ Srinivas Acharya is a Parsada.", "Srinivasa Acarya __knowledge__ He is the abhinna kalevara or identical body of Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu.", "Srinivasa Acarya __knowledge__ It is believed that Sri Chaitanya carried out his works of spreading the message of Vaishnavaism through Sri Srinivas Acharya.", "Srinivasa Acarya __knowledge__ He was invited to come in this world personally by Lord Chaitanya.", "Srinivasa Acarya __knowledge__ There were two expansions of Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu: The first expansion are the six Goswamis, who He entrusted to discover Vrindavan, to establish the holy worship of the Lord's deity and to give the bhakti-grantha, the Holy scriptures to protect the bhakti path.", "K. Muthukumar __knowledge__ K. Muthukumar was a Tamil journalist and activist based in Tamil Nadu, who came into prominence when he set himself on fire protesting against the brutal atrocities against the Sri Lankan Tamil people at the peak of civil war in the country.", "K. Muthukumar __knowledge__ His death instantly triggered widespread strikes, demonstrations and public unrest in the state, most notably the manifestation of popular defiance of the Government of India ban against the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, which the people demonstrated carrying flags of Tamil Eelam, placards and images of the LTTE leader V. Prabhakaran in the funeral procession of Muthukumar.", "Joachim von Ribbentrop __knowledge__ Ulrich Friedrich Wilhelm Joachim von Ribbentrop (30 April 1893 – 16 October 1946), more commonly known as Joachim von Ribbentrop, was Foreign Minister of Nazi Germany from 1938 until 1945.", "Joachim von Ribbentrop __knowledge__ Ribbentrop first came to Adolf Hitler's notice as a well-travelled businessman with more knowledge of the outside world than most senior Nazis and as an authority on world affairs.", "Joachim von Ribbentrop __knowledge__ He offered his house for the secret meetings in January 1933 that resulted in Hitler's appointment as Chancellor of Germany.", "Joachim von Ribbentrop __knowledge__ He became a close confidant of Hitler, to the disgust of some party members, who thought him superficial and lacking in talent.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ Maroon 5 is an American pop rock band that originated in Los Angeles, California.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ It currently consists of lead vocalist Adam Levine, keyboardist and rhythm guitarist Jesse Carmichael, bassist Mickey Madden, lead guitarist James Valentine, drummer Matt Flynn, keyboardist PJ Morton and multi-instrumentalist Sam Farrar.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ Original members Adam Levine, Jesse Carmichael, Mickey Madden and drummer Ryan Dusick first came together as Kara's Flowers in 1994, while they were still in high school.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ The band self-released an album called \"We Like Digging?", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ \", then signed to Reprise Records and released the album \"The Fourth World\" in 1997.", "Heard 'Em Say __knowledge__ \"Heard 'Em Say\" is a song by American hip-hop artist Kanye West.", "Heard 'Em Say __knowledge__ It was released on November 8, 2005 as the third single for his second studio album, \"Late Registration\".", "Heard 'Em Say __knowledge__ The song features Maroon 5 lead singer Adam Levine, who sings the chorus and bridge.", "Heard 'Em Say __knowledge__ West co-produced the track with Jon Brion, and it contains excerpts from \"Someone That I Used to Love\" as performed by Natalie Cole.", "Heard 'Em Say __knowledge__ The song was met by acclaim from contemporary music critics and is often seen as one of West's best.", "Heard 'Em Say __knowledge__ The refrain of \"Heard 'Em Say\" was later recycled for the Maroon 5 song \"Nothing Lasts Forever\" which appears on their 2007 album \"It Won't Be Soon Before Long\".", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ \"Payphone\" is a song performed by American pop rock band Maroon 5 featuring American rapper Wiz Khalifa.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ The song was released on April 16, 2012, as the lead single from their fourth studio album, \"Overexposed\" (2012).", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Adam Levine, Benny Blanco, Ammar Malik, Robopop, Shellback, and Khalifa, and produced by Blanco and Shellback.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ The song is a pop ballad and describes a romance that ended abruptly.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ It has received favorable reviews from music critics, who praised the catchy melody and named it \"a radio success\", but some others dismissed its title and Khalifa's appearance.", "Javier Colon __knowledge__ Javier Colon (alternately styled Javier Colón, born April 29, 1978) is an American singer-songwriter and musician.", "Javier Colon __knowledge__ He has referred to his style of music as being \"acoustic soul.\"", "Javier Colon __knowledge__ He was a member of EmcQ and The Derek Trucks Band, and worked with many musicians before going solo.", "Javier Colon __knowledge__ From 2002 to 2006, he was signed to Capitol Records, known as artist Javier.", "Javier Colon __knowledge__ In 2006, however, the contract was terminated and Javier Colon became an independent artist with his own label, Javier Colon Music.", "Javier Colon __knowledge__ In 2011, he was the winner of the inaugural season of the U.S. television show on NBC, \"The Voice\", receiving $100,000 and signing a recording contract with Universal Republic Records.", "Overexposed (album) __knowledge__ Overexposed is the fourth studio album by the American band Maroon 5, released on June 20, 2012, by A&M Octone Records.", "Overexposed (album) __knowledge__ The album was recorded between 2011 and 2012 and was driven after the moderate success of their third album, \"Hands All Over\" (2010), and later by the enormous success of the re-released edition, which was promoted by the single \"Moves Like Jagger\", recorded as a collaboration with Christina Aguilera.", "Overexposed (album) __knowledge__ It is the band's only album not to feature keyboardist, rhythm guitarist and background vocalist, Jesse Carmichael, who took a temporary break from performing with the group to focus on his studies back then, but eventually returned to the band in 2014.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ \"Sugar\" is a song recorded by American pop rock band Maroon 5 for their fifth studio album, \"V\" (2014).", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ It was written by Mike Posner, Adam Levine, Dr. Luke, and Jacob Kasher Hindlin together with its producers Ammo and Cirkut.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ It was sent to contemporary hit radio in the United States, as the third single from the album on January 13, 2015.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ \"Sugar\" is a disco, funk-pop and soul song that features a wide range of instruments including percussion, keyboards and guitars.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ Commercially, \"Sugar\" peaked at number two on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and became the band's third top 10 single from \"V\", and eighth consecutive top 10 entry." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Adam Noah Levine (born March 18, 1979) is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and record producer.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ He is the lead singer for the pop rock band Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, Levine began his musical career in 1994, when he co-founded the alternative rock band Kara's Flowers, of which he was the lead vocalist and guitarist.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The band split up after their only album, \"The Fourth World\" (released in 1997), which did not gain popularity.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2001, the group was reformed – with guitarist James Valentine joining the line-up – and began a new musical chapter, changing their name to Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2002, the band released their first album, \"Songs About Jane\", which went multi-platinum in the US.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since then, they have released five more albums: \"It Won't Be Soon Before Long\" (2007), \"Hands All Over\" (2010), \"Overexposed\" (2012), \"V\" (2014) and \"Red Pill Blues\" (2017).", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ As part of Maroon 5, Levine has received three Grammy Awards, two Billboard Music Awards, two American Music Awards, an MTV Video Music Award and a World Music Award.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since 2011, Levine has served as a coach on NBC's reality talent show \"The Voice\".", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The winners of the first, fifth and ninth seasons: Javier Colon, Tessanne Chin and Jordan Smith, were all on his team.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 (樱野3加1), also known as Sakurano in the Philippines, is a Taiwanese drama that airs Sunday on TTV/SETTV.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ This drama brings back Ming Dao and Joe Chen Qiao En.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian, Jia Jiang, Fang Wei, and Bulu all grew up on Westside Street together and currently study in Ying Ye School, one month away from graduation.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian's dad is a police officer in Westside Street and is retiring tomorrow.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ But just on that day, they all had a fight at school with the Dinosaur gang, and were almost expelled by the principal.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Officer Xia went to settle the conflict and not only did it not get settled, his gun got misplaced by the principal too.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ The Boeing AH-64 Apache is an American four-blade, twin-turboshaft attack helicopter with a tailwheel-type landing gear arrangement and a tandem cockpit for a two-man crew.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ It features a nose-mounted sensor suite for target acquisition and night vision systems.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ It is armed with a M230 chain gun carried between the main landing gear, under the aircraft's forward fuselage, and four hardpoints mounted on stub-wing pylons for carrying armament and stores, typically a mixture of AGM-114 Hellfire missiles and Hydra 70 rocket pods.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ The AH-64 has a large amount of systems redundancy to improve combat survivability.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ Devil Beside You () is a 2005 Taiwanese drama starring Mike He, Rainie Yang and Kingone Wang.", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ It is based on Japanese manga \"Akuma de Sourou\", , written by Mitsuba Takanashi.", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ It was produced by Comic Ritz International Production (可米瑞智國際藝能有限公司) with Chai Zhi Ping () as producer and directed by Lin He Long ().", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ The series was first broadcast in Taiwan on free-to-air China Television (CTV) (中視) from 26 June to 18 September 2005 and cable TV Eastern Television (ETTV) (東森) for 20 episodes.", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ The story begins with Qi Yue (Rainie Yang) planning to confess her liking to the basketball team captain, Yuan Yi (Kingone Wang).", "Banu Khuza'a __knowledge__ The Banū Khuza’ah (Arabic بنو خزاعة singular خزاعيّ Khuzā’ī) is the name of an Azdite, Qaḥṭānite tribe (some say Muḑarite ‘Adnānite), which is one of the main ancestral tribes of the Arabian Peninsula.", "Banu Khuza'a __knowledge__ They ruled Mecca for a long period, and most of the tribe now live in and around that city, but are also present in lesser numbers in other countries, mainly Israel, the Palestinian Territories, Iraq and Jordan but also small numbers can be found in Lebanon, Egypt, Libya, Syria, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait and UAE.", "Banu Khuza'a __knowledge__ They participated in the Battle of the Trench.", "Banu Khuza'a __knowledge__ The Banu Nadir began rousing the nomads of Najd.", "OK Go __knowledge__ OK Go is an American rock band originally from Chicago, Illinois, now based in Los Angeles, California.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is composed of Damian Kulash (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (guitar, keyboards and vocals), who joined them in 2005, replacing Andy Duncan.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is known for its often quirky and elaborate one-take music videos.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The original members formed as OK Go in 1998 and released two studio albums before Duncan's departure.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band's video for \"Here It Goes Again\" won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video in 2007.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ Maroon 5 is an American pop rock band that originated in Los Angeles, California.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ It currently consists of lead vocalist Adam Levine, keyboardist and rhythm guitarist Jesse Carmichael, bassist Mickey Madden, lead guitarist James Valentine, drummer Matt Flynn, keyboardist PJ Morton and multi-instrumentalist Sam Farrar.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ Original members Adam Levine, Jesse Carmichael, Mickey Madden and drummer Ryan Dusick first came together as Kara's Flowers in 1994, while they were still in high school.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ The band self-released an album called \"We Like Digging?", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ \", then signed to Reprise Records and released the album \"The Fourth World\" in 1997.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ \"Sugar\" is a song recorded by American pop rock band Maroon 5 for their fifth studio album, \"V\" (2014).", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ It was written by Mike Posner, Adam Levine, Dr. Luke, and Jacob Kasher Hindlin together with its producers Ammo and Cirkut.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ It was sent to contemporary hit radio in the United States, as the third single from the album on January 13, 2015.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ \"Sugar\" is a disco, funk-pop and soul song that features a wide range of instruments including percussion, keyboards and guitars.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ Commercially, \"Sugar\" peaked at number two on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and became the band's third top 10 single from \"V\", and eighth consecutive top 10 entry.", "Hands All Over (album) __knowledge__ Hands All Over is the third studio album by the American rock band Maroon 5.", "Hands All Over (album) __knowledge__ Produced by veteran producer Robert John \"Mutt\" Lange, the album was released by A&M/Octone Records on September 15, 2010 in Japan.", "Hands All Over (album) __knowledge__ On July 12, 2011, the band re-released the album to include their summer hit \"Moves like Jagger\".", "Hands All Over (album) __knowledge__ The lead single, \"Misery\", was released in June 2010.", "Hands All Over (album) __knowledge__ \"Give a Little More\" followed as the second single in August 2010, \"Never Gonna Leave This Bed\" as the third single in January 2011, and \"Moves like Jagger\" as the fourth and final single in June 2011.", "Hands All Over (album) __knowledge__ Maroon 5 went on tour to promote the album in the summer of 2011.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ \"Payphone\" is a song performed by American pop rock band Maroon 5 featuring American rapper Wiz Khalifa.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ The song was released on April 16, 2012, as the lead single from their fourth studio album, \"Overexposed\" (2012).", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Adam Levine, Benny Blanco, Ammar Malik, Robopop, Shellback, and Khalifa, and produced by Blanco and Shellback.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ The song is a pop ballad and describes a romance that ended abruptly.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ It has received favorable reviews from music critics, who praised the catchy melody and named it \"a radio success\", but some others dismissed its title and Khalifa's appearance.", "Overexposed (album) __knowledge__ Overexposed is the fourth studio album by the American band Maroon 5, released on June 20, 2012, by A&M Octone Records.", "Overexposed (album) __knowledge__ The album was recorded between 2011 and 2012 and was driven after the moderate success of their third album, \"Hands All Over\" (2010), and later by the enormous success of the re-released edition, which was promoted by the single \"Moves Like Jagger\", recorded as a collaboration with Christina Aguilera.", "Overexposed (album) __knowledge__ It is the band's only album not to feature keyboardist, rhythm guitarist and background vocalist, Jesse Carmichael, who took a temporary break from performing with the group to focus on his studies back then, but eventually returned to the band in 2014.", "Ryan Tedder __knowledge__ Ryan Benjamin Tedder (born June 26, 1979) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, multi-instrumentalist, and record producer.", "Ryan Tedder __knowledge__ As well as being the lead vocalist for the pop rock band OneRepublic, he has an independent career as a songwriter and producer for various artists, including U2, Adele, Beyoncé, Maroon 5, Demi Lovato, Ariana Grande, Kelly Clarkson, Jennifer Lopez, Westlife, Ed Sheeran, One Direction, Big Time Rush, Camila Cabello, Taylor Swift, Leona Lewis, Zedd, Hailee Steinfeld and MØ.", "Ryan Tedder __knowledge__ Tedder's production and songwriting work has proven successful commercially.", "Ryan Tedder __knowledge__ \"Apologize\", performed by his band OneRepublic, \"Bleeding Love\", performed by Leona Lewis, and \"Halo\", performed by Beyoncé, all made it to the list of best-selling singles of all time." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Adam Noah Levine (born March 18, 1979) is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and record producer.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ He is the lead singer for the pop rock band Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, Levine began his musical career in 1994, when he co-founded the alternative rock band Kara's Flowers, of which he was the lead vocalist and guitarist.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The band split up after their only album, \"The Fourth World\" (released in 1997), which did not gain popularity.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2001, the group was reformed – with guitarist James Valentine joining the line-up – and began a new musical chapter, changing their name to Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2002, the band released their first album, \"Songs About Jane\", which went multi-platinum in the US.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since then, they have released five more albums: \"It Won't Be Soon Before Long\" (2007), \"Hands All Over\" (2010), \"Overexposed\" (2012), \"V\" (2014) and \"Red Pill Blues\" (2017).", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ As part of Maroon 5, Levine has received three Grammy Awards, two Billboard Music Awards, two American Music Awards, an MTV Video Music Award and a World Music Award.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since 2011, Levine has served as a coach on NBC's reality talent show \"The Voice\".", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The winners of the first, fifth and ninth seasons: Javier Colon, Tessanne Chin and Jordan Smith, were all on his team.", "Demographics of atheism __knowledge__ Accurate demographics of atheism are difficult to obtain since conceptions of atheism vary across different cultures and languages from being an active concept to being unimportant or not developed.", "Demographics of atheism __knowledge__ In global studies, the number of people without a religion is usually higher than the number of people without a belief in a God and the number of people who agree with statements on lacking a belief in God is usually higher than the number of people who self-identify as \"atheists\".", "Demographics of atheism __knowledge__ According to sociologist Phil Zuckerman, broad estimates of those who have an absence of belief in a God range from 500 to 750 million people worldwide.", "Sports-related curses __knowledge__ A sports-related curse is a superstitious belief in the effective action of some power or evil, that is used to explain the failures or misfortunes of specific sports teams, players, or even cities.", "Sports-related curses __knowledge__ Teams, players, and cities often cite a \"curse\" for many negative things, such as their inability to win a sports championship, or unexpected injuries.", "Sports-related curses __knowledge__ The Arizona Cardinals National Football League (NFL) franchise is allegedly suffering a curse by the citizens of Pottsville, Pennsylvania for undeservedly claiming the 1925 NFL championship from the Pottsville Maroons who were stripped of their title by the NFL in one of the greatest controversies in sports history.", "Gambler's fallacy __knowledge__ The gambler's fallacy, also known as the Monte Carlo fallacy or the fallacy of the maturity of chances, is the mistaken belief that, if something happens more frequently than normal during a given period, it will happen less frequently in the future.", "Gambler's fallacy __knowledge__ It may also be stated as the belief that, if something happens less frequently than normal during a given period, it will happen more frequently in the future.", "Gambler's fallacy __knowledge__ In situations where the outcome being observed is truly random and consists of independent trials of a random process, this belief is false.", "Gambler's fallacy __knowledge__ The fallacy can arise in many situations, but is most strongly associated with gambling, where it is common among players.", "List of New Zealand Test cricket victories __knowledge__ This is a list of the New Zealand national cricket team's test match victories.", "List of New Zealand Test cricket victories __knowledge__ The New Zealand cricket team played its first Test in January 1930 against England in Christchurch, New Zealand.", "List of New Zealand Test cricket victories __knowledge__ The team won their first Test 45 matches and 26 years later, against the West Indies at Eden Park, Auckland in the 1955/56 season.", "List of New Zealand Test cricket victories __knowledge__ As of 1 January 2018, NZ has played 424 Test matches, won 91, lost 170, and drawn 163.", "List of New Zealand Test cricket victories __knowledge__ The New Zealand cricket team's inaugural test match was played on 10–12 January 1930 against England in Christchurch.", "List of New Zealand Test cricket victories __knowledge__ The team contained two of NZ's finest ever batsmen, Stewie Dempster and Roger Blunt but the match was lost.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ The 2017 St. Louis Cardinals season was the 136th for the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball (MLB), a franchise in St. Louis, Missouri.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ It was the 126th season for the Cardinals in the National League (NL), and their 12th at Busch Stadium III.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ For the first time since the 2007-2008 seasons, the Cardinals missed the playoffs in consecutive years, with a September 28 loss, in 2016-2017.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ Major League Baseball and the Players' Association reached a new, tentative CBA contract to reduce the 15-day disabled list timetable to 10-days.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ This change will allow teams to make quicker decisions on whether to bring up a roster replacement rather than wait to see if the injured player would be ready to return to action in less than two weeks.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ The Discworld gods are the fictional deities from Terry Pratchett's \"Discworld\" series of fantasy novels.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ The Discworld, being a flat disc supported on the backs of four elephants on top of a giant flying turtle, exists in a region of the universe where reality is somewhat less consistent than it appears in our own, more mundane corner of existence.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ Because reality on the Disc is so fragile and malleable, belief has a tendency to take on a life of its own, and gods are far more obvious to the people of the Disc than they appear to us.", "Discworld gods __knowledge__ Gods are everywhere on the Discworld, a crucial element of the world's peculiar ecology that gives power to belief and demands resolution to any and all narratives.", "Big Four (tennis) __knowledge__ In tennis, the term Big Four refers to the quartet of men's singles players comprising Roger Federer, Rafael Nadal, Novak Djokovic, and Andy Murray.", "Big Four (tennis) __knowledge__ These players are considered dominant in terms of ranking and tournament victories, including Grand Slam tournaments and ATP Masters 1000 events, as well as the ATP Finals and Olympic Games, having dominated the sport amongst them from 2004 onwards.", "Big Four (tennis) __knowledge__ Never before in the history of tennis has there been a group of players as dominant as these four.", "Big Four (tennis) __knowledge__ Federer was the first to come to prominence after winning Wimbledon in 2003 and established himself as the world No.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "NBC __knowledge__ The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American English language commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast.", "NBC __knowledge__ The network is headquartered at 30 Rockefeller Plaza in New York City, with additional major offices near Los Angeles (at 10 Universal City Plaza), and Chicago (at the NBC Tower).", "NBC __knowledge__ The network is part of the Big Three television networks.", "NBC __knowledge__ NBC is sometimes referred to as the \"Peacock Network\", in reference to its stylized peacock logo, introduced in 1956 to promote the company's innovations in early color broadcasting.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The series is a satirical depiction of working-class life, epitomized by the Simpson family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield and parodies American culture and society, television, and the human condition.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family, substituting Bart for his own name.", "Days of Our Lives __knowledge__ Days of Our Lives (also stylized as Days of our Lives; often abbreviated to DOOL or Days) is an American daytime soap opera broadcast on the NBC television network.", "Days of Our Lives __knowledge__ It is one of the longest-running scripted television programs in the world, airing nearly every weekday since November 8, 1965.", "Days of Our Lives __knowledge__ It has since been syndicated to many countries around the world.", "Days of Our Lives __knowledge__ Until the network's closure in 2013, Soapnet rebroadcast episodes of \"Days\" on a same-day basis each weeknight at 8:00 and 10:00 p.m. (Eastern and Pacific Time).", "Days of Our Lives __knowledge__ The series was created by husband-and-wife team Ted Corday and Betty Corday.", "Days of Our Lives __knowledge__ Irna Phillips was a story editor for \"Days of Our Lives\" and many of the show's earliest storylines were written by William J.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ Television is one of the major mass media of the United States.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ , household ownership of television sets in the country is 96.7%, with approximately 114,200,000 American households owning at least one television set as of August 2013.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ The majority of households have more than one set.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ The peak ownership percentage of households with at least one television set occurred during the 1996–97 season, with 98.4% ownership.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ As a whole, the television networks that broadcast in the United States are the largest and most distributed in the world, and programs produced specifically for U.S.-based networks are the most widely syndicated internationally.", "CBS __knowledge__ CBS (an initialism of the network's former name, the Columbia Broadcasting System) is an American English language commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation.", "CBS __knowledge__ The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major production facilities and operations in New York City (at the CBS Broadcast Center) and Los Angeles (at CBS Television City and the CBS Studio Center).", "CBS __knowledge__ CBS is sometimes referred to as the \"Eye Network\", in reference to the company's iconic logo, in use since 1951.", "CBS __knowledge__ It has also been called the \"Tiffany Network\", alluding to the perceived high quality of CBS programming during the tenure of William S. Paley.", "NBC Sunday Night Football __knowledge__ NBC Sunday Night Football (abbreviated as SNF) is a weekly television broadcast of National Football League (NFL) games on NBC in the United States.", "NBC Sunday Night Football __knowledge__ It began airing on August 6, 2006 with the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game, which opened that year's preseason.", "NBC Sunday Night Football __knowledge__ NBC took over the rights to the Sunday prime time game telecasts from ESPN, which carried the broadcasts from 1987 to 2005 (concurrently with NBC assuming the rights to Sunday evening regular-season games, ESPN took over the broadcast rights to \"Monday Night Football\" from sister network ABC beginning with the 2006 season).", "NBC Sunday Night Football __knowledge__ Previously, NBC had aired American Football League (AFL), and later American Football Conference (AFC), games from 1960 until 1998, when CBS took over those rights." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 9, 10 ]

[ "I'm a huge fan of Adam Levine! He's a singer, actor and record producer. Have you heard any of his music?", "He's an incredible singer. You may have heard him sing with the group Maroon 5. He's their lead singer!", "You may also have seen him on the NBC show, The Voice. He's been a coach on the show since 2011.", "The winners of the first, fifth and ninth seasons were all on his team." ]

[ "Adam Levine", "Adam Levine", "Adam Levine", "Adam Levine" ]

[ "Museum\nI love museums, being near DC gives me great access to many Smithsonian museums which are some of the best in the country IMO.", "Absolutely! Have you ever been to any of them?", "I agree. My favorite is the Air and Space museum.", "No but I want to see both someday! I heard the Mona Lisa is on display at the Louvre.", "Cool, do you know if any famous works are at the Met in NYC?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Museum __knowledge__ A museum ( ; plural musea or museums) is an institution that cares for (conserves) a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance.", "Museum __knowledge__ Many public museums make these items available for public viewing through exhibits that may be permanent or temporary.", "Museum __knowledge__ The largest museums are located in major cities throughout the world, while thousands of local museums exist in smaller cities, towns and rural areas.", "Museum __knowledge__ Museums have varying aims, ranging from serving researchers and specialists to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ The goal of serving researchers is increasingly shifting to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ There are many types of museums, including art museums, natural history museums, science museums, war museums, and children's museums.", "Museum __knowledge__ Amongst the world's largest and most visited museums are the Louvre in Paris, the National Museum of China in Beijing, the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., the British Museum in London, the National Gallery in London, and Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.", "Museum __knowledge__ As of the 2010s, the continuing acceleration in the digitization of information, combined with the increasing capacity of digital information storage, is causing the traditional model of museums (i.e.", "Smithsonian Institution __knowledge__ The Smithsonian Institution ( ), established on August 10, 1846 \"for the increase and diffusion of knowledge,\" is a group of museums and research centers administered by the Government of the United States.", "Smithsonian Institution __knowledge__ The institution is named after its founding donor, British scientist James Smithson.", "Smithsonian Institution __knowledge__ Originally organized as the \"United States National Museum,\" that name ceased to exist as an administrative entity in 1967.", "Smithsonian Institution __knowledge__ Termed \"the nation's attic\" for its eclectic holdings of 154 million items, the Institution's nineteen museums, nine research centers, and zoo include historical and architectural landmarks, mostly located in the District of Columbia.", "List of Smithsonian museums __knowledge__ The Smithsonian museums are the most widely visible part of the United States' Smithsonian Institution and consist of nineteen museums and galleries as well as the National Zoological Park.", "List of Smithsonian museums __knowledge__ Seventeen of these collections are located in Washington D.C., with eleven of those located on the National Mall.", "List of Smithsonian museums __knowledge__ The remaining ones are in New York City and Chantilly, Virginia.", "List of Smithsonian museums __knowledge__ As of 2010, one museum, the Arts and Industries Building, is closed in preparation for a substantial renovation, and its newest museum building, the National Museum of African American History and Culture, opened in 2016.", "List of Smithsonian museums __knowledge__ The birth of the Smithsonian Institution can be traced to the acceptance of James Smithson's legacy, willed to the United States in 1826.", "Smithsonian Affiliations __knowledge__ Smithsonian Affiliations is a division of the Smithsonian Institution that establishes long-term partnerships with non-Smithsonian museums and educational and cultural organizations, in order to share collections, exhibitions and educational strategies and conduct joint research.", "Smithsonian Affiliations __knowledge__ Partner organizations are known as “Smithsonian Affiliates” and are allowed to use the tag line \"In Association with the Smithsonian Institution\" and the approved Smithsonian Affiliations logo on their website, programming, and marketing material.", "Smithsonian Affiliations __knowledge__ Any 501(c)(3) nonprofit or publicly operated educational entity can apply to become a Smithsonian Affiliate.", "National Portrait Gallery (United States) __knowledge__ The National Portrait Gallery is a historic art museum located between 7th, 9th, F, and G Streets NW in Washington, D.C., in the United States.", "National Portrait Gallery (United States) __knowledge__ Founded in 1962 and opened to the public in 1968, it is part of the Smithsonian Institution.", "National Portrait Gallery (United States) __knowledge__ Its collections focus on images of famous Americans.", "National Portrait Gallery (United States) __knowledge__ The museum is housed in the historic Old Patent Office Building, as is the Smithsonian American Art Museum.", "National Portrait Gallery (United States) __knowledge__ The two museums are the eponym for the Gallery Place Washington Metro station, located at the corner of F and 7th Streets NW.", "National Portrait Gallery (United States) __knowledge__ The first portrait gallery in the United States was Charles Willson Peale's \"American Pantheon\" (also known as \"Peale's Collection of Portraits of American Patriots\"), established in 1796.", "National Museum of African American History and Culture __knowledge__ The National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) is a Smithsonian Institution museum established in December 2003.", "National Museum of African American History and Culture __knowledge__ The museum's building, collaboratively designed by Freelon Group, Adjaye Associates and Davis Brody Bond, is on the National Mall in Washington, D.C.", "National Museum of African American History and Culture __knowledge__ It has close to 37,000 objects in its collection related to such subjects as community, family, the visual and performing arts, religion, civil rights, slavery, and segregation.", "National Museum of African American History and Culture __knowledge__ Early efforts to establish a federally owned museum featuring African-American history and culture can be traced to 1915, although the modern push for such an organization did not begin until the 1970s.", "Anacostia Community Museum __knowledge__ The Anacostia Community Museum (known colloquially as the ACM) is a community museum in the Anacostia neighborhood of Washington, D.C. in the United States.", "Anacostia Community Museum __knowledge__ It is one of twenty museums under the umbrella of the Smithsonian Institution and was the first federally funded community museum in the United States.", "Anacostia Community Museum __knowledge__ The museum, founded in 1967, was created with the intention to bring aspects of the Smithsonian museums, located on the National Mall, to the Anacostia neighborhood, with the hope that community members from the neighborhood would visit the main Smithsonian museums.", "Anacostia Community Museum __knowledge__ It became federally funded in 1970 and focuses on the community in and around Anacostia in its exhibitions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Museum __knowledge__ A museum ( ; plural musea or museums) is an institution that cares for (conserves) a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance.", "Museum __knowledge__ Many public museums make these items available for public viewing through exhibits that may be permanent or temporary.", "Museum __knowledge__ The largest museums are located in major cities throughout the world, while thousands of local museums exist in smaller cities, towns and rural areas.", "Museum __knowledge__ Museums have varying aims, ranging from serving researchers and specialists to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ The goal of serving researchers is increasingly shifting to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ There are many types of museums, including art museums, natural history museums, science museums, war museums, and children's museums.", "Museum __knowledge__ Amongst the world's largest and most visited museums are the Louvre in Paris, the National Museum of China in Beijing, the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., the British Museum in London, the National Gallery in London, and Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.", "Museum __knowledge__ As of the 2010s, the continuing acceleration in the digitization of information, combined with the increasing capacity of digital information storage, is causing the traditional model of museums (i.e.", "Absolutely Fabulous __knowledge__ Absolutely Fabulous, also known as Ab Fab, is a BBC television sitcom created by, written by and starring Jennifer Saunders.", "Absolutely Fabulous __knowledge__ It is based on a 1990 \"French & Saunders\" sketch created by Saunders and Dawn French.", "Absolutely Fabulous __knowledge__ The series features Saunders as Edina Monsoon, a heavy-drinking, drug-abusing PR agent who spends her time chasing bizarre fads in a desperate attempt to stay young and \"hip\".", "Absolutely Fabulous __knowledge__ Edina is joined in her quest by magazine fashion director Patsy Stone (played by Joanna Lumley), her best friend and enabler, whose drug abuse, alcohol consumption, and promiscuity far eclipse Edina's comparatively mild self-destructive behaviour.", "The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian __knowledge__ The Absolutely True Diary of a Part Time Indian is a 2007 novel for young adults written by Sherman Alexie and illustrated by Ellen Forney.", "The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian __knowledge__ The book won several awards, and was the first young adult fiction work by Alexie, a stand-up comedian, screenwriter, film producer, and songwriter who has previously written adult novels, short stories, poems, and screenplays.", "The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian __knowledge__ Alexie stated, \"I [wrote the book] because so many librarians, teachers, and teenagers kept asking me to write one.\"", "The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian __knowledge__ \"The Absolutely True Diary\" is a first-person narrative from the perspective of Native American teenager Arnold Spirit Jr., also known as \"Junior\", a 14-year-old budding cartoonist.", "Absolute convergence __knowledge__ In mathematics, an infinite series of numbers is said to converge absolutely (or to be absolutely convergent) if the sum of the absolute values of the summands is finite.", "Absolute convergence __knowledge__ More precisely, a real or complex series formula_1 is said to converge absolutely if formula_2 for some real number formula_3.", "Absolute convergence __knowledge__ Similarly, an improper integral of a function, formula_4, is said to converge absolutely if the integral of the absolute value of the integrand is finite—that is, if formula_5 Absolute convergence is important for the study of infinite series because its definition is strong enough to have properties of finite sums that not all convergent series possess, yet is broad enough to occur commonly.", "Absolute continuity __knowledge__ In calculus, absolute continuity is a smoothness property of functions that is stronger than continuity and uniform continuity.", "Absolute continuity __knowledge__ The notion of absolute continuity allows one to obtain generalizations of the relationship between the two central operations of calculus—differentiation and integration—expressed by the fundamental theorem of calculus in the framework of Riemann integration.", "Absolute continuity __knowledge__ Such generalizations are often formulated in terms of Lebesgue integration.", "Absolute continuity __knowledge__ For real-valued functions on the real line two interrelated notions appear: \"absolute continuity of functions\" and \"absolute continuity of measures.\"", "The Doors __knowledge__ The Doors were an American rock band formed in 1965 in Los Angeles, with vocalist Jim Morrison, keyboardist Ray Manzarek, guitarist Robby Krieger, and drummer John Densmore.", "The Doors __knowledge__ The band got its name, at Morrison's suggestion from the title of Aldous Huxley's book \"The Doors of Perception\", which itself was a reference to a quote made by William Blake, \"If the doors of perception were cleansed, everything would appear to man as it is, infinite.\"", "The Doors __knowledge__ They were unique and among the most controversial and influential rock acts of the 1960s, mostly because of Morrison's lyrics and charismatic but unpredictable stage persona.", "Absolutely Fabulous: The Movie __knowledge__ Absolutely Fabulous: The Movie is a 2016 British female buddy comedy film directed by Mandie Fletcher and written by Jennifer Saunders, based on the television show \"Absolutely Fabulous\".", "Absolutely Fabulous: The Movie __knowledge__ The film stars Saunders, Joanna Lumley, Julia Sawalha, June Whitfield and Jane Horrocks.", "Absolutely Fabulous: The Movie __knowledge__ Principal photography began on 12 October 2015 in the south of France.", "Absolutely Fabulous: The Movie __knowledge__ Theatrically released in the United Kingdom on 1 July 2016, the film is distributed by Fox Searchlight Pictures worldwide.", "Absolutely Fabulous: The Movie __knowledge__ The ever-glamorous and self-indulgent Edina and Patsy are now in their 60s, and Edina is still running her PR agency, which is quickly running out of money and interest.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Science museum __knowledge__ A science museum is a museum devoted primarily to science.", "Science museum __knowledge__ Older science museums tended to concentrate on static displays of objects related to natural history, paleontology, geology, industry and industrial machinery, etc.", "Science museum __knowledge__ Modern trends in museology have broadened the range of subject matter and introduced many interactive exhibits.", "Science museum __knowledge__ Many if not most modern science museums — which increasingly refer to themselves as science centers or \"discovery centers\" — also emphasize technology, and are therefore also technology museums.", "Science museum __knowledge__ The mission statements of science centers and modern museums vary, but they are united in being places that make science accessible and encourage the excitement of discovery.", "Green museum __knowledge__ A green museum is a museum that incorporates concepts of sustainability into its operations, programming, and facility.", "Green museum __knowledge__ Many green museums, but not all, use their collections to produce exhibitions, events, classes, and other programming to educate the public about the natural environment.", "Green museum __knowledge__ Many, but not all, green museums reside in a building featuring sustainable architecture and technology.", "Green museum __knowledge__ Green museums interpret their own sustainable practices and green design to present a model of behavior.", "Green museum __knowledge__ Green museums strive to help people become more conscious of their world, its limitations, and how their actions affect it.", "Natural History Museum, London __knowledge__ The Natural History Museum in London is a natural history museum that exhibits a vast range of specimens from various segments of natural history.", "Natural History Museum, London __knowledge__ It is one of three major museums on Exhibition Road in South Kensington, the others being the Science Museum and the Victoria and Albert Museum.", "Natural History Museum, London __knowledge__ The Natural History Museum's main frontage, however, is on Cromwell Road.", "Natural History Museum, London __knowledge__ The museum is home to life and earth science specimens comprising some 80 million items within five main collections: botany, entomology, mineralogy, paleontology and zoology.", "Natural History Museum, London __knowledge__ The museum is a centre of research specialising in taxonomy, identification and conservation.", "Museums in Basel __knowledge__ The Basel museums encompass a series of museums in the city of Basel, Switzerland, and the neighboring region.", "Museums in Basel __knowledge__ They represent a broad spectrum of collections with a marked concentration in the fine arts and house numerous holdings of international significance.", "Museums in Basel __knowledge__ With at least three dozen institutions, not including the local history collections in the surrounding communities, the region offers an extraordinarily high density of museums compared to other metropolitan areas of similar size.", "Museums in Basel __knowledge__ They draw some one and a half million visitors annually.", "Museums in Basel __knowledge__ Constituting an essential and defining component of Basel culture and cultural policy, the museums are the result of closely interwoven private and public collecting activities and promotion of arts and culture going back to the 16th century.", "International Museum Day __knowledge__ International Museum Day (IMD) is an international day a celebration that held every year on or around 18 May, coordinated by the International Council of Museums (ICOM).", "International Museum Day __knowledge__ The event highlights a specific theme that changes every year and that is at the heart of the international museum community’s preoccupations.", "International Museum Day __knowledge__ The IMD provides the opportunity for museum professionals to meet the public and alert them as to the challenges that museums face.", "International Museum Day __knowledge__ Indeed, following the definition of museums provided by ICOM, a museum is \"a non-profit, permanent institution in the service of society and its development, open to the public, which acquires, conserves, researches, communicates and exhibits the tangible and intangible heritage of humanity and its environment for the purposes of education, study and enjoyment\".", "Fleet Science Center __knowledge__ The Fleet Science Center (previously the 'Reuben H. Fleet Science Center') is a science museum and planetarium in Balboa Park, located in San Diego, California.", "Fleet Science Center __knowledge__ It is at the east end of the El Prado Drive walkway, next to the Bea Evenson Fountain and plaza in central Balboa Park.", "Fleet Science Center __knowledge__ Established in 1973, it was the first science museum to combine interactive science exhibits with a planetarium and an IMAX Dome (OMNIMAX) theater, setting the standard that most major science museums follow today.", "Fleet Science Center __knowledge__ The facility is named for aviation pioneer Reuben H. Fleet, who founded the U.S. Air Mail service.", "Fleet Science Center __knowledge__ Fleet's San Diego-based company, Consolidated Aircraft, built several of the famous aircraft of World War II, including the B-24 Liberator and PBY Catalina." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Museum __knowledge__ A museum ( ; plural musea or museums) is an institution that cares for (conserves) a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance.", "Museum __knowledge__ Many public museums make these items available for public viewing through exhibits that may be permanent or temporary.", "Museum __knowledge__ The largest museums are located in major cities throughout the world, while thousands of local museums exist in smaller cities, towns and rural areas.", "Museum __knowledge__ Museums have varying aims, ranging from serving researchers and specialists to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ The goal of serving researchers is increasingly shifting to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ There are many types of museums, including art museums, natural history museums, science museums, war museums, and children's museums.", "Museum __knowledge__ Amongst the world's largest and most visited museums are the Louvre in Paris, the National Museum of China in Beijing, the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., the British Museum in London, the National Gallery in London, and Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.", "Museum __knowledge__ As of the 2010s, the continuing acceleration in the digitization of information, combined with the increasing capacity of digital information storage, is causing the traditional model of museums (i.e.", "National Air and Space Museum __knowledge__ The National Air and Space Museum of the Smithsonian Institution, also called the NASM, is a museum in Washington, D.C..", "National Air and Space Museum __knowledge__ It was established in 1946 as the National Air Museum and opened its main building on the National Mall near L'Enfant Plaza in 1976.", "National Air and Space Museum __knowledge__ In 2016, the museum saw approximately 7.5 million visitors, making it the second most visited museum in the world, and the most visited museum in the United States.", "National Air and Space Museum __knowledge__ The museum contains the Apollo 11 command module, the \"Friendship 7\" capsule which was flown by John Glenn, Charles Lindbergh's \"Spirit of St. Louis\", the Bell X-1 which broke the sound barrier, and the Wright brothers plane near the entrance.", "Space Museum (comics) __knowledge__ Space Museum was a science fiction comics series published by National Comics (now DC Comics) in their flagship science fiction title \"Strange Adventures\" between 1959 and 1964.", "Space Museum (comics) __knowledge__ The series was written by Gardner Fox and was drawn by Carmine Infantino for almost the whole series.", "Space Museum (comics) __knowledge__ \"Space Museum\" first appeared in the story \"The World of Doomed Spacemen\" in \"Strange Adventures\" #104 (May 1959), written by creator Gardner Fox under the editorship of Julius Schwartz.", "Space Museum (comics) __knowledge__ The series of 8-page stories was published in rotation with two others, \"The Atomic Knights\" and \"Star Hawkins\", and appeared in every third issue of \"Strange Adventures\" from #106 - 157 (July 1959 - October 1963), with one last story, \"Space Museum of the Dead World,\" in issue #161 (February 1964) - a total of 20 stories.", "Texas Air & Space Museum __knowledge__ The Texas Air & Space Museum is an aviation museum located near Rick Husband Amarillo International Airport in Amarillo, Texas.", "Texas Air & Space Museum __knowledge__ The museum displays civilian and military aircraft as well as a wide range of air and space artifacts.", "Texas Air & Space Museum __knowledge__ In 1989, a group of aviation enthusiasts in Amarillo, Texas formed an air and space museum at private Tradewind Airport in southeast Amarillo.", "Texas Air & Space Museum __knowledge__ In 1997, the museum moved from Tradewind Airport to the Amarillo International Airport (later Rick Husband Amarillo International Airport) and into old buildings that, for most of the years from 1929 through 1972, served as Amarillo's commercial air terminal, first as \"English Field,\" then as \"English Airport\" and finally as \"Amarillo Air Terminal.\"", "Space Shuttle retirement __knowledge__ The retirement of NASA's Space Shuttle fleet took place from March to July 2011.", "Space Shuttle retirement __knowledge__ \"Discovery\" was the first of the three active space shuttles to be retired, completing its final mission on March 9, 2011; \"Endeavour\" did so on June 1.", "Space Shuttle retirement __knowledge__ The final shuttle mission was completed with the landing of \"Atlantis\" on July 21, 2011, closing the 30-year Space Shuttle program.", "Space Shuttle retirement __knowledge__ The Shuttle was presented to the public in 1972 as a \"space truck\" which would, among other things, be used to build a United States space station in low earth orbit in the early 1990s and then be replaced by a new vehicle.", "Space Shuttle retirement __knowledge__ When the concept of the U.S. space station evolved into that of the International Space Station, which suffered from long delays and design changes before it could be completed, the service life of the Space Shuttle was extended several times until 2011 when it was finally retired.", "Canadian Air and Space Museum __knowledge__ The Canadian Air and Space Museum (formerly the Toronto Aerospace Museum) was an aviation museum that was located in Toronto, Ontario, featuring artifacts, exhibits and stories illustrating a century of Canadian aviation heritage and achievements.", "Canadian Air and Space Museum __knowledge__ The museum was located in a hangar that once housed the original de Havilland Canada aircraft manufacturing building, but in September 2011 the museum and all of the other tenants in the building were evicted by the landlord, the Crown Corporation, PDP (Downsview Park).", "Canadian Air and Space Museum __knowledge__ The site was slated for redevelopment as a new sports centre but after closing the museum the development was placed on hold.", "Enola Gay __knowledge__ The Enola Gay () is a Boeing B-29 Superfortress bomber, named for Enola Gay Tibbets, the mother of the pilot, Colonel Paul Tibbets, who selected the aircraft while it was still on the assembly line.", "Enola Gay __knowledge__ On 6 August 1945, during the final stages of World War II, it became the first aircraft to drop an atomic bomb.", "Enola Gay __knowledge__ The bomb, code-named \"Little Boy\", was targeted at the city of Hiroshima, Japan, and caused unprecedented destruction.", "Enola Gay __knowledge__ \"Enola Gay\" participated in the second atomic attack as the weather reconnaissance aircraft for the primary target of Kokura.", "Enola Gay __knowledge__ Clouds and drifting smoke resulted in a secondary target, Nagasaki, being bombed instead.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ Aircraft in fiction covers the various real-world aircraft that have made significant appearances in fiction over the decades, including in books, films, toys, TV programs, video games, and other media.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ These appearances spotlight the popularity of different models of aircraft, and showcase the different types for the general public.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ The first aviation film was the 1911 William J. Humphrey–directed two-reeler, \"The Military Air-Scout\", shot following an Aero Club of America flying meet at Long Island, New York, with Lt. Henry Arnold doing the stunt flying.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ \"Arnold, who picked up 'a few extra bucks' for his services, became so excited about movies that he almost quit the Army to become an actor.\"", "List of The Bill characters (M–P) __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the police drama \"The Bill\" ordered alphabetically by character surname.", "List of The Bill characters (M–P) __knowledge__ For a full list of characters ordered by rank, see list of \"The Bill\" characters.", "List of The Bill characters (M–P) __knowledge__ The characters are all police personnel at Sun Hill police station in London.", "List of The Bill characters (M–P) __knowledge__ Sergeant John Maitland arrived at Sun Hill under a bit of a cloud.", "List of The Bill characters (M–P) __knowledge__ At his previous north London station this young sergeant had shopped two traffic cops for drinking on duty.", "List of The Bill characters (M–P) __knowledge__ No one could argue that he did not do the right thing by the book, but the incident left a nasty taste.", "List of The Bill characters (M–P) __knowledge__ Sun Hill looked at him more kindly when Ted Roach was attacked by a gang of thugs.", "Characters in Ghost Trick: Phantom Detective __knowledge__ \"\" is a Nintendo DS video game developed by Shu Takumi in 2010.", "Characters in Ghost Trick: Phantom Detective __knowledge__ Like Takumi's other works, \"Ghost Trick\" has a strong emphasis on characters, while the plot's central theme is death and mystery.", "Characters in Ghost Trick: Phantom Detective __knowledge__ It stars Sissel, a ghost who is attempting to recover his memories.", "Characters in Ghost Trick: Phantom Detective __knowledge__ Other major characters include Lynne, who acts as a sidekick to Sissel, and is seeking to uncover a mystery of 10 years ago; Jowd, a detective who is accused of murdering his wife; Kamila, the daughter of Jowd; Missile, a Pomeranian who, after dying, chooses to stay dead so that he can protect his owner Kamila; Ray, a ghost who inhabits a desk lamp and initiates Sissel's journey; Cabanela, a detective and friend of Jowd who enjoys dancing; The pigeon man, the superintendent of the junkyard where the game begins; The justice minister, a man who the protagonists beseech to stay Jowd's execution; Yomiel, a ghost who seeks revenge for the events of 10 years ago; and the antagonists, an unidentified organization from a foreign country who seek to kill anyone involved in the events of 10 years ago.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the police drama \"The Bill\" ordered alphabetically by character surname.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ For a full list of characters ordered by rank, see list of \"The Bill\" characters.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ The characters are all police officers or civilian staff at the fictional Sun Hill police station in London.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ PC Francis \"Taffy\" Edwards was known as the 'thin streak of Welsh misery'.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ A quiet country boy who hailed from a poor farming family near Bangor, he sometimes struggled to adapt to city life.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ Edwards was extremely lazy, often thinking up ingenious ways to avoid having to do serious work – but he had an infectious charm and was popular amongst the relief.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The 2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series was the 66th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 43rd modern-era Cup season.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season began at Daytona International Speedway, with the Sprint Unlimited, followed by the Daytona 500.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season ended with the Ford EcoBoost 400 at Homestead-Miami Speedway.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ This season was the final year of broadcasting for both the ESPN family of networks and Turner Sports.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ ESPN had covered the second half of the Sprint Cup season since 2007 while Turner Sports ended a thirty-one year relationship with NASCAR on TBS and later TNT.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ For 2015, their portions of the season were divided between Fox Sports and NBC.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Museum __knowledge__ A museum ( ; plural musea or museums) is an institution that cares for (conserves) a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance.", "Museum __knowledge__ Many public museums make these items available for public viewing through exhibits that may be permanent or temporary.", "Museum __knowledge__ The largest museums are located in major cities throughout the world, while thousands of local museums exist in smaller cities, towns and rural areas.", "Museum __knowledge__ Museums have varying aims, ranging from serving researchers and specialists to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ The goal of serving researchers is increasingly shifting to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ There are many types of museums, including art museums, natural history museums, science museums, war museums, and children's museums.", "Museum __knowledge__ Amongst the world's largest and most visited museums are the Louvre in Paris, the National Museum of China in Beijing, the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., the British Museum in London, the National Gallery in London, and Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.", "Museum __knowledge__ As of the 2010s, the continuing acceleration in the digitization of information, combined with the increasing capacity of digital information storage, is causing the traditional model of museums (i.e.", "Mona Lisa __knowledge__ The Mona Lisa (; or La Gioconda , ) is a half-length portrait painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci that has been described as \"the best known, the most visited, the most written about, the most sung about, the most parodied work of art in the world\".", "Mona Lisa __knowledge__ The \"Mona Lisa\" is also one of the most valuable paintings in the world.", "Mona Lisa __knowledge__ It holds the Guinness World Record for the highest known insurance valuation in history at $100 million in 1962, which is worth nearly $800 million in 2017.", "Mona Lisa __knowledge__ The painting is thought to be a portrait of Lisa Gherardini, the wife of Francesco del Giocondo, and is in oil on a white Lombardy poplar panel.", "Mona Lisa replicas and reinterpretations __knowledge__ Leonardo da Vinci's \"Mona Lisa\" is one of the most recognizable and famous works of art in the world, and also one of the most replicated and reinterpreted.", "Mona Lisa replicas and reinterpretations __knowledge__ \"Mona Lisa\" replicas were already being painted during Leonardo's lifetime by his own students and contemporaries.", "Mona Lisa replicas and reinterpretations __knowledge__ Some are claimed to be the work of Leonardo himself, and remain disputed by scholars.", "Mona Lisa replicas and reinterpretations __knowledge__ Prominent 20th-century artists such as Marcel Duchamp and Salvador Dalí have also produced derivative works, manipulating \"Mona Lisa\"'s image to suit their own aesthetic.", "Mona Lisa replicas and reinterpretations __knowledge__ Replicating Renaissance masterpieces continues to be a way for aspiring artists to perfect their painting techniques and prove their skills.", "Isleworth Mona Lisa __knowledge__ The Isleworth Mona Lisa is an oil-on-canvas painting of the same subject as Leonardo da Vinci's \"Mona Lisa\".", "Isleworth Mona Lisa __knowledge__ In 2015 and 2016, peer-reviewed academic publications concerning it confirmed its attribution to Leonardo da Vinci.", "Isleworth Mona Lisa __knowledge__ In 1913 English connoisseur Hugh Blaker spotted and acquired the painting which had been hanging for over a century in a manor house in Somerset, having been bought in Italy as an original Leonardo.", "Isleworth Mona Lisa __knowledge__ In a monograph published shortly thereafter, Blaker's stepfather, John R Eyre, proposed that two versions of the Mona Lisa had been worked on by Leonardo; the \"Isleworth\" picture (named after the location of Blaker's studio in Isleworth, west London) being the first.", "Speculations about Mona Lisa __knowledge__ The 16th-century portrait \"Mona Lisa\", or \"La Gioconda\" (\"La Joconde\"), painted in oil on a poplar panel by Leonardo da Vinci, has been the subject of a considerable deal of speculation.", "Speculations about Mona Lisa __knowledge__ It has for a long time been argued that after Leonardo's death the painting was cut down by having part of the panel at both sides removed.", "Speculations about Mona Lisa __knowledge__ Early copies depict columns on both sides of the figure.", "Speculations about Mona Lisa __knowledge__ Only the edges of the bases can be seen in the original.", "Speculations about Mona Lisa __knowledge__ However, some art historians, such as Martin Kemp, now argue that the painting has not been altered, and that the columns depicted in the copies were added by the copyists.", "Louvre __knowledge__ The Louvre (), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is the world's largest art museum and a historic monument in Paris, France.", "Louvre __knowledge__ A central landmark of the city, it is located on the Right Bank of the Seine in the city's 1st arrondissement (district or ward).", "Louvre __knowledge__ Approximately 38,000 objects from prehistory to the 21st century are exhibited over an area of 72,735 square metres (782,910 square feet).", "Louvre __knowledge__ In 2016, the Louvre was the world's most visited art museum, receiving 7.3 million visitors.", "Louvre __knowledge__ The museum is housed in the Louvre Palace, originally built as a fortress in the late 12th to 13th century under Philip II.", "Lisa del Giocondo __knowledge__ Lisa del Giocondo (; née Gherardini ; June 15, 1479 – July 15, 1542), also known as Lisa Gherardini, Lisa di Antonio Maria (or Antonmaria) Gherardini and Mona Lisa, was a member of the Gherardini family of Florence and Tuscany in Italy.", "Lisa del Giocondo __knowledge__ Her name was given to \"Mona Lisa\", her portrait commissioned by her husband and painted by Leonardo da Vinci during the Italian Renaissance.", "Lisa del Giocondo __knowledge__ Little is known about Lisa's life.", "Lisa del Giocondo __knowledge__ Born in Florence and married in her teens to a cloth and silk merchant who later became a local official, she was a mother to five children and led what is thought to have been a comfortable and ordinary middle-class life.", "Eduardo de Valfierno __knowledge__ Eduardo de Valfierno (1850–1931), who posed as a \"marqués\" (marquis), was an Argentine con man who allegedly masterminded the theft of the \"Mona Lisa\" in 1911.", "Eduardo de Valfierno __knowledge__ In 1932 journalist Karl Decker published a story in the \"Saturday Evening Post\" claiming Valfierno paid several men to steal the work of art from the Louvre, including museum employee Vincenzo Peruggia.", "Eduardo de Valfierno __knowledge__ On August 21, 1911 Peruggia hid the \"Mona Lisa\" under his coat and simply walked out the door.", "Eduardo de Valfierno __knowledge__ Before the heist took place, Valfierno allegedly commissioned French art restorer and forger Yves Chaudron to make six copies of the \"Mona Lisa\".", "Paris __knowledge__ Paris () is the capital and most populous city in France, with an administrative-limits area of and an official population of 2,206,488 (2015).", "Paris __knowledge__ The city is a commune and department, and the heart of the Île-de-France region (colloquially known as the 'Paris Region'), whose 2016 population of 12,142,802 represented roughly 18 percent of the population of France.", "Paris __knowledge__ Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of Europe's major centres of finance, commerce, fashion, science, and the arts.", "Paris __knowledge__ The Paris Region had a GDP of €649.6 billion (US $763.4 billion) in 2014, accounting for 30.4 percent of the GDP of France.", "Looted art __knowledge__ Looted art has been a consequence of looting during war, natural disaster and riot for centuries.", "Looted art __knowledge__ Looting of art, archaeology and other cultural property may be an opportunistic criminal act or may be a more organized case of unlawful or unethical pillage by the victor of a conflict.", "Looted art __knowledge__ The term \"looted art\" reflects bias, and whether particular art has been taken legally or illegally is often the subject of conflicting laws and subjective interpretations of governments and people; use of the term \"looted art\" in reference to a particular art object implies that the art was taken illegally.", "Looted art __knowledge__ Related terms include \"art theft\" (the stealing of valuable artifacts, mostly because of commercial reasons), \"illicit antiquities\" (covertly traded antiquities or artifacts of archaeological interest, found in illegal or unregulated excavations), \"provenance\" (the origin or source of a piece of art), and \"art repatriation\" (the process of returning artworks and antiques to their rightful owners).", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "History of Paris __knowledge__ The oldest traces of human occupation in Paris, discovered in 2008 near the Rue Henri-Farman in the 15th arrondissement, are human bones and evidence of an encampment of hunter-gatherers dating from about 8000 BC, during the Mesolithic period.", "History of Paris __knowledge__ Between 250 and 225 BC, the Parisii, a sub-tribe of the Celtic Senones, settled on the Île de la Cité and on the banks of the Seine, built bridges and a fort, minted coins, and began to trade with other river settlements in Europe.", "History of Paris __knowledge__ In 52 BC, a Roman army led by Titus Labienus defeated the Parisii and established a Gallo-Roman garrison town called Lutetia.", "Metropolitan Museum of Art __knowledge__ The Metropolitan Museum of Art of New York, colloquially \"the Met,\" is the largest art museum in the United States.", "Metropolitan Museum of Art __knowledge__ With 7.06 million visitors in 2016, it was the second most visited art museum in the world, and the fifth most visited museum of any kind.", "Metropolitan Museum of Art __knowledge__ Its permanent collection contains over two million works, divided among seventeen curatorial departments.", "Metropolitan Museum of Art __knowledge__ The main building, on the eastern edge of Central Park along Manhattan's Museum Mile, is by area one of the world's largest art galleries.", "Metropolitan Museum of Art __knowledge__ A much smaller second location, The Cloisters at Fort Tryon Park in Upper Manhattan, contains an extensive collection of art, architecture, and artifacts from Medieval Europe.", "List of works by Sharaku __knowledge__ 158 works and sketches survive of the Japanese artist known only by the art name Tōshūsai Sharaku.", "List of works by Sharaku __knowledge__ Almost all were made over a ten-month period in 1794–1795, divided into four periods: The print sizes became progressively smaller and the focus shifts from busts to full-length portraits.", "List of works by Sharaku __knowledge__ The depictions become less expressive and more conventional.", "List of works by Sharaku __knowledge__ Two picture calendars dating to as early as 1789 and three decorated fans as late as 1803 have been attributed to Sharaku, but have yet to be accepted as authentic works of his.", "List of works by Sharaku __knowledge__ A number of \"hanshita-e\" preparatory drawings have also been found.", "List of works by Sharaku __knowledge__ In Sharaku's time the Kawarazaki-za, the Kiri-za, and the Miyako-za were the three major kabuki theatre houses of Edo: the \"Edo San-za\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Museum __knowledge__ A museum ( ; plural musea or museums) is an institution that cares for (conserves) a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance.", "Museum __knowledge__ Many public museums make these items available for public viewing through exhibits that may be permanent or temporary.", "Museum __knowledge__ The largest museums are located in major cities throughout the world, while thousands of local museums exist in smaller cities, towns and rural areas.", "Museum __knowledge__ Museums have varying aims, ranging from serving researchers and specialists to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ The goal of serving researchers is increasingly shifting to serving the general public.", "Museum __knowledge__ There are many types of museums, including art museums, natural history museums, science museums, war museums, and children's museums.", "Museum __knowledge__ Amongst the world's largest and most visited museums are the Louvre in Paris, the National Museum of China in Beijing, the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., the British Museum in London, the National Gallery in London, and Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.", "Museum __knowledge__ As of the 2010s, the continuing acceleration in the digitization of information, combined with the increasing capacity of digital information storage, is causing the traditional model of museums (i.e.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ The city of Paris has been an important center for European music since the Middle Ages.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ It was noted for its choral music in the 12th century, for its role in the development of ballet during the Renaissance, in the 19th century it became famous for its music halls and cabarets, and in the 20th century for the first performances of the Ballets Russes, its jazz clubs, and its part in the development of serial music.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ Paris has been home to many important composers, to name a few: Jean-Baptiste Lully, Jean-Philippe Rameau, Christoph Willibald Gluck, Niccolò Piccinni, Frédéric Chopin, Franz Liszt, Jacques Offenbach, Georges Bizet, Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, Hector Berlioz, Paul Dukas, Gabriel Fauré, César Franck, Charles Gounod, Jules Massenet, Vincent d'Indy, Camille Saint-Saëns, Erik Satie, Igor Stravinsky, Sidney Bechet...", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ The New York Central Railroad was a railroad operating in the Northeastern United States.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ Headquartered in New York City, the railroad served most of the Northeast, including extensive trackage in the states of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Massachusetts and West Virginia plus additional trackage in the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ The railroad primarily connected greater New York and Boston in the east with Chicago and St. Louis in the midwest along with the intermediate cities of Albany, Buffalo, Cleveland, Cincinnati, and Detroit.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ The NYC's Grand Central Terminal in New York City is one of its best known extant landmarks.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the \"Lorien Legacies\" series of young adult science fiction books, written under the pseudonym Pittacus Lore.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ The Elders were 10 Loric Garde that acted as the protectors and/or politicians of Lorien who had discovered the Phoenix stones, they rewarded Lorien with legacies and chimæra.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ Originally there were ten Lorien Elders, but due to the Secret Wars; the conflict between the Loric and the Mogadorians, the tenth Elder had supposedly died during this time.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ There was a prophecy which said that an unknown evil that will destroy and take Lorien by surprise.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ James Peck (December 19, 1914July 12, 1993) was an American activist who practiced nonviolent resistance during World War II and in the Civil Rights Movement.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ He is the only person who participated in both the Journey of Reconciliation (1947) and the first Freedom Ride of 1961, and has been called a white civil rights hero.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ Peck advocated nonviolent civil disobedience throughout his life, and was arrested more than 60 times between the 1930s and 1980s.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ James Peck (usually called \"Jim\") was born in Manhattan, the son of Samuel Peck, a wealthy clothing wholesaler, who died when his son was eleven years old.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ \"Reflective surfaces\" are surfaces that can deliver high solar reflectance (the ability to reflect the visible, infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths of the sun, reducing heat transfer to the surface) and high thermal emittance (the ability to radiate absorbed, or non-reflected solar energy).", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ Reflective surfaces are a form of geoengineering.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ The most well-known type of reflective surface is the \"cool roof\".", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ While cool roofs are mostly associated with white roofs, they come in a variety of colors and materials and are available for both commercial and residential buildings.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ Today's \"cool roof\" pigments allow metal roofing products to be EnergyStar rated in dark colors, even black.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ NYC Ferry (originally called Citywide Ferry Service) is a network of ferry routes in New York City operated by Hornblower Cruises.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ , there are four routes connecting 17 ferry piers in Brooklyn, Manhattan, and Queens.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ NYC Ferry has a total of 23 vessels, providing half-hourly to hourly service on each of the routes.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ Prior to NYC Ferry, there had been many ferries that traversed the East River and Hudson River, although by the 1960s, almost all ferry services citywide had been discontinued due to the popularity of road and rail transit across the rivers.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ Ferries in New York City saw a revival in the 1980s and 1990s.", "Yaya Diallo __knowledge__ Yaya Diallo is a musician and author from the Republic of Mali.", "Yaya Diallo __knowledge__ Yaya Diallo was born in 1946 in the village of Fienso (French Sudan) now Mali, to a nomadic Fula father and a Minianka mother.", "Yaya Diallo __knowledge__ Yaya was raised in a culture that works, worships, lives and breathes to the beat of the drum.", "Yaya Diallo __knowledge__ Thanks to his mother, being from the illustrious Berthe family (hunters, county chiefs, musicians…), young Yaya had the opportunity to hear some of the best musicians of the former canton Zangasso.", "Yaya Diallo __knowledge__ The old musician, healer and sorcerer Nangape Kone became his protector and mentor.", "Yaya Diallo __knowledge__ Arriving in Montreal, Canada, in 1967, Yaya graduated from the University of Montreal in Chemistry in 1973.", "Louvre __knowledge__ The Louvre (), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is the world's largest art museum and a historic monument in Paris, France.", "Louvre __knowledge__ A central landmark of the city, it is located on the Right Bank of the Seine in the city's 1st arrondissement (district or ward).", "Louvre __knowledge__ Approximately 38,000 objects from prehistory to the 21st century are exhibited over an area of 72,735 square metres (782,910 square feet).", "Louvre __knowledge__ In 2016, the Louvre was the world's most visited art museum, receiving 7.3 million visitors.", "Louvre __knowledge__ The museum is housed in the Louvre Palace, originally built as a fortress in the late 12th to 13th century under Philip II.", "History of Paris __knowledge__ The oldest traces of human occupation in Paris, discovered in 2008 near the Rue Henri-Farman in the 15th arrondissement, are human bones and evidence of an encampment of hunter-gatherers dating from about 8000 BC, during the Mesolithic period.", "History of Paris __knowledge__ Between 250 and 225 BC, the Parisii, a sub-tribe of the Celtic Senones, settled on the Île de la Cité and on the banks of the Seine, built bridges and a fort, minted coins, and began to trade with other river settlements in Europe.", "History of Paris __knowledge__ In 52 BC, a Roman army led by Titus Labienus defeated the Parisii and established a Gallo-Roman garrison town called Lutetia.", "Paris __knowledge__ Paris () is the capital and most populous city in France, with an administrative-limits area of and an official population of 2,206,488 (2015).", "Paris __knowledge__ The city is a commune and department, and the heart of the Île-de-France region (colloquially known as the 'Paris Region'), whose 2016 population of 12,142,802 represented roughly 18 percent of the population of France.", "Paris __knowledge__ Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of Europe's major centres of finance, commerce, fashion, science, and the arts.", "Paris __knowledge__ The Paris Region had a GDP of €649.6 billion (US $763.4 billion) in 2014, accounting for 30.4 percent of the GDP of France.", "Architecture of Paris __knowledge__ The city of Paris has notable examples of architecture of every period from the Middle Ages to the 21st century.", "Architecture of Paris __knowledge__ It was the birthplace of the Gothic style, and has important monuments of the French Renaissance, the Classical revival, and flamboyant style of the reign of Napoleon III; the Belle Époque, and the Art Nouveau style.", "Architecture of Paris __knowledge__ The great Paris Universal Expositions of 1889 and 1900 added Paris landmarks, including the Eiffel Tower and Grand Palais.", "Architecture of Paris __knowledge__ In the 20th century, the Art Deco style of architecture first appeared in Paris, and Paris architects also influenced the postmodern architecture of the second half of the century.", "Paris in the 17th century __knowledge__ Paris in the 17th century was the largest city in Europe, with a population of half a million, matched in size only by London.", "Paris in the 17th century __knowledge__ It was ruled in turn by three monarchs; Henry IV, Louis XIII, and Louis XIV, and saw the building of some of the city's most famous parks and monuments, including the Pont Neuf, the Palais Royal, the newly joined Louvre and Tuileries Palace, the Place des Vosges, and the Luxembourg Garden.", "Paris in the 17th century __knowledge__ It was also a flourishing center of French science and the arts; it saw the founding of the Paris Observatory, the French Academy of Sciences and the first botanical garden in Paris, which also became the first park in Paris open to the public.", "I. M. Pei __knowledge__ Ieoh Ming Pei, FAIA, RIBA (born 26 April 1917), commonly known as I. M. Pei, is a Chinese American architect.", "I. M. Pei __knowledge__ In 1948, Pei was recruited by New York City real estate magnate William Zeckendorf.", "I. M. Pei __knowledge__ There he spent seven years before establishing his own independent design firm I. M. Pei & Associates in 1955, which became I. M. Pei & Partners in 1966 and later in 1989 became Pei Cobb Freed & Partners.", "I. M. Pei __knowledge__ Pei retired from full-time practice in 1990.", "I. M. Pei __knowledge__ Since then, he has taken on work as an architectural consultant primarily from his sons' architectural firm Pei Partnership Architects.", "I. M. Pei __knowledge__ Pei's first major recognition came with the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Colorado (designed in 1961, and completed in 1967)." ] ]

[ 6, 5, 7, 7, 1 ]

[ "That's awesome. DC has lots of nice art, natural history, and science museums", "Yeah I went to several of them when I visited DC 10 years ago. They do a good job of serving the general public.", "Yes that one was really cool. Have you ever been to the Louvre in Paris or the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City?", "I think it is. I've been to Paris but unfortunately didn't get a chance to visit the Louvre. It's one of the world's most visited museums.", "I bet it has many objects of cultural and artistic history but I'm not sure of what's there specifically" ]

[ "Museum", "Museum", "Museum", "Museum", "Museum" ]

[ "Cooking\nI really love to cook and have learned quite a few new techniques with a new eating plan I am on", "I know they ate a lot of chicken and turkey legs, no not too much", "my family and I are doing the Keto diet which requires cooking and eating high fat moderate protien and low carbs so it takes some planning and thought when preparing meals", "yes there is and the results for eating low carb are amazing, I love cooking and eating all of the rick foods" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Rachel McKenna is a fictional character from the New Zealand soap opera \"Shortland Street\", played by Angela Bloomfield and who made her first appearance in early 1993.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Bloomfield left the role in 1999, before returning in 2001 and departing in 2003.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ She returned in a guest role in 2007 and again in a full-time role in 2009 before departing once again in 2016.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Arriving as part of the McKenna family unit, Rachel debuted in early 1993 alongside her mother Alex (Liddy Holloway), the estranged wife of hospital CEO Michael McKenna (Paul Gittins).", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ The family were later joined by Rachel's homosexual brother Jonathon (Kieren Hutchison).", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ The \"Ranma ½\" manga series features a cast of characters created by Rumiko Takahashi.", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ The story revolves around the Japanese teenage boy Ranma Saotome who has trained in martial arts since early childhood.", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ As a result of an accident during a training journey in China, he is cursed to become a girl when splashed with cold water, while hot water changes him back into a boy.", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ Throughout the series Ranma seeks out a way to rid his curse, while his friends, enemies and many fiancées constantly hinder and interfere.", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ Many of the characters are similarly cursed to turn into animals or other creatures when splashed and are skilled in different and unusual types of martial arts.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Uģis Prauliņš __knowledge__ Uģis Prauliņš (born 17 June 1957) is a Latvian composer whose choral work \"Missa Rigensis\" (Riga Mass) was recorded by the Choir of Trinity College, Cambridge, the Riga Cathedral Boys Choir and has been performed in several locations around the world, amongst those Canada, France, England.", "Uģis Prauliņš __knowledge__ Uģis Prauliņš was born in Riga and studied at the Emīls Dārziņš Music School from 1963–74.", "Uģis Prauliņš __knowledge__ Later, he studied conducting and pedagogy at the Latvian Academy of Music from 1977–82, where he also studied composition with Jānis Ivanovs in 1982–83 and Ģederts Ramans from 1984–89 and piano with Valda Kalnina from 1977–82 and 1984–89.", "Diabetes.co.uk __knowledge__ Diabetes.co.uk is a British-based brand and digital communication channel with over 650,000 members, providing digital therapeutics, news and information on diabetes, evidence-based education programmes, newsletters, cookbooks and a patient network that improves the health of people with diabetes, the Diabetes Forum.", "Diabetes.co.uk __knowledge__ The Diabetes Forum connects people who have diabetes who share their own experiences in relation to diabetes and its associated complications.", "Diabetes.co.uk __knowledge__ Through this, users generate data about the real-world nature of diabetes that helps other people with diabetes, researchers, pharmaceutical companies and non-profit organisations develop more effective products, services and care." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "Ron Swanson __knowledge__ Ronald Ulysses \"Ron\" Swanson is a fictional character portrayed by Nick Offerman from the situation comedy television series \"Parks and Recreation\" on NBC, created by Greg Daniels and Michael Schur.", "Ron Swanson __knowledge__ In the series, Ron is the director of the Parks and Recreation department of fictional Pawnee, Indiana, and the immediate superior of series protagonist Leslie Knope (Amy Poehler) until Knope's election to the Pawnee City Council at the end of Season 4.", "Ron Swanson __knowledge__ In demeanor, political philosophy and work ethic, Knope and Swanson are very nearly polar opposites: where Knope is sunny and outgoing, decidedly liberal and constantly working, Swanson is distant, and as a staunch libertarian, is a strong advocate for small government—stating his belief that government should be privatized—and therefore believes that the parks department should not even exist.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk (Oglala Lakota: \"Čhetáŋ Kiŋyáŋ\" in Standard Lakota Orthography; a/k/a Moses Flying Hawk; March 1854 – December 24, 1931) was an Oglala Lakota warrior, historian, educator and philosopher.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk's life chronicles the history of the Oglala Lakota people through the 19th and early 20th centuries, as he fought to deflect the worst effects of white rule; educate his people and preserve sacred Oglala Lakota land and heritage.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Chief Flying Hawk was a combatant in Red Cloud's War and in nearly all of the fights with the U.S. Army during the Great Sioux War of 1876.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ He fought alongside his first cousin Crazy Horse and his brothers Kicking Bear and Black Fox II in the Battle of the Little Big Horn in 1876, and was present at the death of Crazy Horse in 1877 and the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1890.", "Major Israel McCreight __knowledge__ Major Israel McCreight (Oglala Lakota: \"Cante Tanke\" (\"Great Heart\")(Čhaŋté Tȟáŋka) in Standard Lakota Orthography) (April 22, 1865 – October 13, 1958) is notable in American history as a Progressive Era banker, conservationist and expert on Native American culture and policy.", "Major Israel McCreight __knowledge__ McCreight was a founder of the Pennsylvania Conservation Association, and authored President Theodore Roosevelt’s conservation policy on public education and Cook Forest State Park, the first Pennsylvania State Park acquired to preserve a natural landmark.", "Major Israel McCreight __knowledge__ McCreight dedicated his life to public education about Native American culture and was a nominee for U.S. Commissioner of Indian Affairs.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Chicken __knowledge__ The chicken (\"Gallus gallus domesticus\") is a type of domesticated fowl, a subspecies of the red junglefowl.", "Chicken __knowledge__ It is one of the most common and widespread domestic animals, with a total population of more than 19 billion as of 2011.", "Chicken __knowledge__ Humans commonly keep chickens as a source of food (consuming both their meat and eggs) and as pets.", "Chicken __knowledge__ Genetic studies have pointed to multiple maternal origins in Southeast Asia, East Asia, and South Asia, but with the clade found in the Americas, Europe, the Middle East and Africa originating in the Indian subcontinent.", "Chicken __knowledge__ From India, the domesticated chicken was imported to Lydia in western Asia Minor, and to Greece by the fifth century BC.", "Spring Day __knowledge__ Spring Day is a holiday marking the coming of the spring season, which takes place in different countries, on varying dates.", "Spring Day __knowledge__ Albania celebrates the lunar Spring Day, the so-called \"Summer Day\" (), on 14 March, and in 2004 it became a national holiday.", "Spring Day __knowledge__ It is an old pagan practice, particularly popular in the city of Elbasan, Central Albania.", "Spring Day __knowledge__ According to some sources, Dita e Verës derives from the Arbëreshë, an Albanian community that lives in Italy since the fifteenth century.", "Spring Day __knowledge__ On 14 March, the Arbëreshë of the Italian coast, collect a tuft of grass roots and soil, bringing it home to commemorate the anniversary of their emigration from Albania.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"You Don't Know Anything\" is a song by American indie rock band Ivy.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ It was released by Atlantic Records on April 29, 1999 as the fourth and final single from their second studio album, \"Apartment Life\" (1997).", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The single was made available exclusively in Europe and featured the same two B-sides as previous single, \"This Is the Day\", which had been released by 550 Music in Austria.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The track was written by Dominique Durand, Adam Schlesinger and Andy Chase while production was handled by the latter two and Peter Nashel.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ Released alongside \"This Is the Day\", \"You Don't Know Anything\" received promotion by Atlantic Records after the former track was included on the soundtrack for the 1998 film, \"There's Something About Mary\".", "French cuisine __knowledge__ French cuisine consists of the cooking traditions and practices from France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 14th century Guillaume Tirel, a court chef known as \"Taillevent\", wrote \"Le Viandier\", one of the earliest recipe collections of medieval France.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ During that time, French cuisine was heavily influenced by Italian cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ In the 17th century, chefs François Pierre La Varenne and Marie-Antoine Carême spearheaded movements that shifted French cooking away from its foreign influences and developed France's own indigenous style.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ Cheese and wine are a major part of the cuisine.", "French cuisine __knowledge__ They play different roles regionally and nationally, with many variations and \"appellation d'origine contrôlée\" (AOC) (regulated appellation) laws.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"I Don't Know Anything\" is a song by the American rock band Mad Season, released in 1995 as the second single from the band's sole studio album, \"Above\" (1995).", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The song reached number 20 on the \"Billboard\" Mainstream Rock Tracks chart.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The verse bar for \"I Don't Know Anything\" features a droning, overdriven guitar melody centered on the use of harmonics.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"I Don't Know Anything\" peaked at number 20 on the \"Billboard\" Mainstream Rock Tracks chart.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ Although the single was released to radio across North America and the world, it was only commercially available in Austria.", "I Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"I Don't Know Anything\" was first performed live at the band's October 12, 1994 concert in Seattle, Washington at the Crocodile Cafe.", "Apartment Life __knowledge__ Apartment Life is the second studio album by American band Ivy, released by Atlantic Records on October 6, 1997.", "Apartment Life __knowledge__ After being dropped from Seed Records following the release of \"Realistic\" in 1995, the group signed to Atlantic due to connections that Adam Schlesinger had with the record label.", "Apartment Life __knowledge__ In addition to band members Andy Chase and Schlesinger, the album was produced by Lloyd Cole and Peter Nashel.", "Apartment Life __knowledge__ In contrast to their previous releases, such as \"Lately\" (1994) and \"Realistic\", \"Apartment Life\" is a pop album with varying forms of production consisting of keyboards, brass, and string instruments.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Philosophical skepticism (UK spelling scepticism; from Greek σκέψις \"skepsis\", \"inquiry\") is both a philosophical school of thought and a method that questions the possibility of certainty in knowledge.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ It is generally agreed that knowledge requires justification.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ It is not enough to have a true belief: one must also have good reasons for that belief.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Skeptics claim that it is not possible to have only an adequate justification.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Skepticism is not a single position but covers a range of different positions.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ In the ancient world there were two main skeptical traditions.", "Philosophical skepticism __knowledge__ Academic skepticism took the dogmatic position that knowledge was not possible; Pyrrhonian skeptics refused to take a dogmatic position on any issue—including skepticism." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that in medicine is used primarily to treat difficult-to-control (refractory) epilepsy in children.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The diet forces the body to burn fats rather than carbohydrates.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Normally, the carbohydrates contained in food are converted into glucose, which is then transported around the body and is particularly important in fueling brain-function.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ However, if there is little carbohydrate in the diet, the liver converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketone bodies pass into the brain and replace glucose as an energy source.", "Diet-induced obesity model __knowledge__ The diet-induced obesity model (DIO model) is an animal model used to study obesity using animals that have obesity caused by being fed high-fat and/or high-density diets.", "Diet-induced obesity model __knowledge__ It is intended to mimic the most common cause of obesity in humans.", "Diet-induced obesity model __knowledge__ Typically mice, rats, dogs, or non-human primates are used in these models.", "Diet-induced obesity model __knowledge__ These animals can then be used to study \"in vivo\" obesity, obesity's comorbidities, and other related diseases.", "Diet-induced obesity model __knowledge__ Users of such models must take into account the duration and type of diet (e.g.", "Diet-induced obesity model __knowledge__ hydrated gels vs. dry pellets) as well as the environmental conditions and age of the animals, as each may promote different bodyweights, fat percentages, or behaviors.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ Low-carbohydrate diets or low-carb diets are dietary programs that restrict carbohydrate consumption.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ Foods high in easily digestible carbohydrates (e.g., sugar, bread, pasta) are limited or replaced with foods containing a higher percentage of fats and moderate protein (e.g., meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, eggs, cheese, nuts, and seeds) and other foods low in carbohydrates (e.g., most salad vegetables such as spinach, kale, chard and collards), although other vegetables and fruits (especially berries) are often allowed.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ The amount of carbohydrate allowed varies with different low-carbohydrate diets.", "Maternal effect __knowledge__ A maternal effect is a situation where the phenotype of an organism is determined not only by the environment it experiences and its genotype, but also by the environment and genotype of its mother.", "Maternal effect __knowledge__ In genetics, maternal effects occur when an organism shows the phenotype expected from the genotype of the mother, irrespective of its own genotype, often due to the mother supplying messenger RNA or proteins to the egg.", "Maternal effect __knowledge__ Maternal effects can also be caused by the maternal environment independent of genotype, sometimes controlling the size, sex, or behaviour of the offspring.", "Maternal effect __knowledge__ These adaptive maternal effects lead to phenotypes of offspring that increase their fitness.", "South Beach Diet __knowledge__ The South Beach Diet is a popular fad diet developed by Arthur Agatston and promoted in a best-selling 2003 book.", "South Beach Diet __knowledge__ It emphasizes eating high-fiber, low-glycemic carbohydrates, unsaturated fats, and lean protein, and categorizes carbohydrates and fats as \"good\" or \"bad\".", "South Beach Diet __knowledge__ Like other fad diets, it may have elements which are generally recognized as sensible, but it promises benefits not backed by supporting evidence or sound science.", "South Beach Diet __knowledge__ The diet has three stages, and gradually increases the proportion of carbohydrate consumed as it progresses while simultaneously decreasing the proportions of fat and protein.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Uģis Prauliņš __knowledge__ Uģis Prauliņš (born 17 June 1957) is a Latvian composer whose choral work \"Missa Rigensis\" (Riga Mass) was recorded by the Choir of Trinity College, Cambridge, the Riga Cathedral Boys Choir and has been performed in several locations around the world, amongst those Canada, France, England.", "Uģis Prauliņš __knowledge__ Uģis Prauliņš was born in Riga and studied at the Emīls Dārziņš Music School from 1963–74.", "Uģis Prauliņš __knowledge__ Later, he studied conducting and pedagogy at the Latvian Academy of Music from 1977–82, where he also studied composition with Jānis Ivanovs in 1982–83 and Ģederts Ramans from 1984–89 and piano with Valda Kalnina from 1977–82 and 1984–89.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "Vaynol __knowledge__ Vaynol or Y Faenol (Welsh ) is a country estate dating from the Tudor period near Y Felinheli in Gwynedd, North Wales ().", "Vaynol __knowledge__ It comprises of park, farmland, and gardens on the estate, with more than thirty listed buildings, surrounded by a wall which is long.", "Vaynol __knowledge__ \"\"Y Faenol\"\" means \"the manor\" and is a mutated form of the Welsh word \"maenol\".", "Vaynol __knowledge__ The buildings on the estate include two Grade I listed halls: Faenol Old Hall, much of which dates from the Williams' period of ownership, and Vaynol Hall, built in 1793 and extended during the 19th century.", "Vaynol __knowledge__ Once Vaynol Hall was built, Faenol Old Hall became a farm house and subsequently deteriorated; in 2003 it appeared on the BBC's \"Restoration\" programme, championed by Robert Hardy.", "DONT __knowledge__ In the card game contract bridge, DONT is a conventional overcall used to interfere with an opponent's one notrump (1NT) opening bid.", "DONT __knowledge__ DONT, an acronym for Disturb Opponents' Notrump, was designed by Marty Bergen, and is therefore also referred to as \"Bergen over Notrump\".", "DONT __knowledge__ Although the method is often criticized for being too nebulous, it remains fairly popular.", "DONT __knowledge__ The convention was first published in the September/October 1989 issue of \"Bridge Today\".", "DONT __knowledge__ In DONT, the two-level overcalls of trump show a two suiter of the suit bid and an unspecified higher-ranking suit.", "DONT __knowledge__ The feature distinguishing DONT from other similar conventions such as Cappelletti is the use of the double to show length in one suit, rather than hand strength or for .", "Eating disorders in Chinese women __knowledge__ Bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa are prevalent in Western countries, such as the United States, but recent studies have shown that they are also on the rise in Asian countries such as China.", "Eating disorders in Chinese women __knowledge__ There are several reasons for this, such as, Chinese culture and westernization.", "Eating disorders in Chinese women __knowledge__ Researchers are looking into these causes, so they can know how to treat and prevent them.", "Eating disorders in Chinese women __knowledge__ Eating disorders, once thought prevalent only in Western cultures such as that of the United States, are now seen in Chinese women.", "Eating disorders in Chinese women __knowledge__ This is surprising as, in the past, it was highly unlikely.", "Eating disorders in Chinese women __knowledge__ Their body shapes, including their round faces with mild plumpness, showed their beauty and healthy living.", "List of nutrition guides __knowledge__ This is a list of nutrition guides.", "List of nutrition guides __knowledge__ A nutrition guide is a reference that provides nutrition advice for general health, typically by dividing foods into food groups and recommending servings of each group.", "List of nutrition guides __knowledge__ Nutrition guides can be presented in written or visual form, and are commonly published by government agencies, health associations and university health departments.", "List of nutrition guides __knowledge__ Most countries also have nutrition facts labels which are not listed here; many of those reference specific target amounts for various nutrients.", "List of nutrition guides __knowledge__ The Hippocratic Corpus of Ancient Greece contains one of the earliest known nutrition guides.", "CRAM diet __knowledge__ The CRAM diet (cereal, rice, applesauce, and milk) is a short term dietary treatment for diarrhea and gastroenteritis.", "CRAM diet __knowledge__ The CRAM diet has more complete protein and fat content than the BRAT diet.", "CRAM diet __knowledge__ The use of cereals, rice and milk as a stop-gap eating plan for stomach upset, has been validated as a more effective remedy to manage diarrhea than BRAT by recent research in hospitals in South America and Asia.", "CRAM diet __knowledge__ According to John Snyder, M.D., professor of pediatrics at the University of California at San Francisco Medical Center and a member of the American Academy of Pediatrics subcommittee on treating acute diarrhea: Due to severe dehydration caused by both diarrhea and gastroenteritis, the CRAM eating plan should be combined with oral rehydration therapy (ORT) through the administration of liquids (e.g." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ Low-carbohydrate diets or low-carb diets are dietary programs that restrict carbohydrate consumption.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ Foods high in easily digestible carbohydrates (e.g., sugar, bread, pasta) are limited or replaced with foods containing a higher percentage of fats and moderate protein (e.g., meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, eggs, cheese, nuts, and seeds) and other foods low in carbohydrates (e.g., most salad vegetables such as spinach, kale, chard and collards), although other vegetables and fruits (especially berries) are often allowed.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ The amount of carbohydrate allowed varies with different low-carbohydrate diets.", "Dana Carpender __knowledge__ Dana Carpender (born October 18, 1958) is an American food writer, best known for writing about low carbohydrate dieting.", "Dana Carpender __knowledge__ Carpender lives with her husband in Bloomington, Indiana.", "Dana Carpender __knowledge__ She is also the great-niece of Arthur S. Carpender.", "Dana Carpender __knowledge__ Carpender was for a time a columnist, syndicated by United Media.", "Dana Carpender __knowledge__ Her column originally focused solely on low carbohydrate cooking, and was called \"Low Carb For Life\", but broadened perspective to healthy cooking in general, and the title was changed to Cook Well, Eat Well.", "Dana Carpender __knowledge__ The column, however, continued to concern itself with glycemic load, which does, indeed, require a careful eye on quality and quantity of carbohydrates.", "A Bite of China __knowledge__ A Bite of China () is a Chinese documentary television series on the history of food, eating, and cooking in China directed by Chen Xiaoqing (), narrated by Li Lihong () with original music composed by Roc Chen ().", "A Bite of China __knowledge__ It first aired May 14, 2012 on China Central Television and quickly gained high ratings and widespread popularity.", "A Bite of China __knowledge__ The seven-episode documentary series, which began filming in March 2011, introduces the history and story behind foods of various kinds in more than 60 locations in mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.", "A Bite of China __knowledge__ The documentary has also been actively encouraged as a means of introducing Chinese food culture to those unfamiliar with local cuisine.", "Rudolph Foods __knowledge__ Rudolph Foods is a Lima, Ohio-based (actually located a few miles southeast of Lima in the unincorporated community of Westminster, Ohio) producer of snack food, in particular pork rinds and cracklins.", "Rudolph Foods __knowledge__ The company has six facilities in the United States and three international ventures; it was founded in 1955, by John Rudolph.", "Rudolph Foods __knowledge__ In addition to Rudolph Foods' primary business of traditional pork rinds and cracklins, Rudolph Foods also manufactures non-pork rind snacks including Rudolph’s-brand Cinnamon Churros, Original OnYums and Chile Limon Chicharinas.", "Rudolph Foods __knowledge__ Its family of brands include Rudolph’s, Southern Recipe, Pepe’s El Original, Gaslamp Popcorn and Lee’s Pig Skins.", "South Beach Diet __knowledge__ The South Beach Diet is a popular fad diet developed by Arthur Agatston and promoted in a best-selling 2003 book.", "South Beach Diet __knowledge__ It emphasizes eating high-fiber, low-glycemic carbohydrates, unsaturated fats, and lean protein, and categorizes carbohydrates and fats as \"good\" or \"bad\".", "South Beach Diet __knowledge__ Like other fad diets, it may have elements which are generally recognized as sensible, but it promises benefits not backed by supporting evidence or sound science.", "South Beach Diet __knowledge__ The diet has three stages, and gradually increases the proportion of carbohydrate consumed as it progresses while simultaneously decreasing the proportions of fat and protein.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that in medicine is used primarily to treat difficult-to-control (refractory) epilepsy in children.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The diet forces the body to burn fats rather than carbohydrates.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Normally, the carbohydrates contained in food are converted into glucose, which is then transported around the body and is particularly important in fueling brain-function.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ However, if there is little carbohydrate in the diet, the liver converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketone bodies pass into the brain and replace glucose as an energy source.", "Management of drug-resistant epilepsy __knowledge__ Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), also known as refractory epilepsy or pharmacoresistant epilepsy, is defined as failure of adequate trials of two tolerated and appropriately chosen and used antiepileptic drugs (AED schedules) (whether as monotherapies or in combination) to achieve sustained seizure freedom.", "Management of drug-resistant epilepsy __knowledge__ The probability that the next medication will achieve seizure freedom drops with every failed AED; for example after two failed AEDs the probability that the third will achieve seizure freedom is around 4%.", "Management of drug-resistant epilepsy __knowledge__ Drug-resistant epilepsy is commonly diagnosed after several years of uncontrolled seizures however in most cases it is evident much earlier.", "Glut1 deficiency __knowledge__ GLUT1 deficiency, also known as De Vivo disease, is an autosomal dominant, genetic metabolic disorder associated with a deficiency of GLUT1, the protein that transports glucose across the blood brain barrier also known as Glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS).", "Glut1 deficiency __knowledge__ Glucose Transporter Type 1 Deficiency Syndrome has an estimated birth incidence of 1 in 90,000.", "Glut1 deficiency __knowledge__ This birth incidence translates to an estimated prevalence of 3,000 to 7,000 in the U.S. Glut1 deficiency is characterized by an array of signs and symptoms including deceleration of head growth also known as microcephaly, mental and motor developmental delays, infantile seizures refractory to anticonvulsants, ataxia, dystonia, dysarthria, opsoclonus, spasticity, and other paroxysmal neurologic phenomena.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a metabolic state in which some of the body's energy supply comes from ketone bodies in the blood, in contrast to a state of glycolysis in which blood glucose provides energy.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a result of metabolizing fat to provide energy.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a nutritional process characterised by serum concentrations of ketone bodies over 0.5 mM, with low and stable levels of insulin and blood glucose.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ It is almost always generalized with hyperketonemia, that is, an elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood throughout the body.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketone bodies are formed by ketogenesis when liver glycogen stores are depleted (or from metabolising medium-chain triglycerides).", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ A cyclic ketogenic diet (or carb-cycling) is a low-carbohydrate diet with intermittent periods of high or moderate carbohydrate consumption.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ This is a form of the general ketogenic diet that is used as a way to maximize fat loss while maintaining the ability to perform high-intensity exercise.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ A ketogenic diet limits the number of grams of carbohydrate the dieter may eat, which may be anywhere between 0 and 50g per day.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The remainder of the caloric intake must come primarily from fat sources, as well as protein sources, in order to maintain ketosis.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ (Ketosis is the condition in which the body burns fats and uses ketones instead of glucose for fuel.)", "...First Do No Harm __knowledge__ ...First Do No Harm is a 1997 American made-for-television drama film directed by Jim Abrahams about a boy whose severe epilepsy, unresponsive to medications with terrible side effects, is controlled by the ketogenic diet.", "...First Do No Harm __knowledge__ Aspects of the story mirror Abrahams' own experience with his son Charlie.", "...First Do No Harm __knowledge__ The film tells a story in the life of a Midwestern family, the Reimullers.", "...First Do No Harm __knowledge__ Lori (played by Meryl Streep) is the mother of three children and the wife of Dave (Fred Ward), a truck driver.", "...First Do No Harm __knowledge__ The family are presented as happy, normal and comfortable financially: they have just bought a horse and are planning a holiday to Hawaii.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The emphasis of the treatment of bipolar disorder is on effective management of the long-term course of the illness, which can involve treatment of emergent symptoms.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Treatment methods include pharmacological and psychological techniques.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The primary treatment for bipolar disorder consists of medications called mood stabilizers, which are used to prevent or control episodes of mania or depression.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Medications from several classes have mood stabilizing activity.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Many individuals may require a combination of medication to achieve full remission of symptoms.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ As it is impossible to predict which medication will work best for a particular individual, it may take some trial and error to find the best medication or combination for a specific patient." ] ]

[ 37, 0, 10, 0 ]

[ "Really do you know anything about Medieval cuisine?", "I dont either but that was one of the topics recommended on the list, what kind of eating plan are you on?", "I also am doing the ketogenic diet have been doing it for years, I absolutely love it, there are so many things you can do with cauliflower.", "Me too, salmon, steak, cabbage and cauliflower have been the staples of my diet for quite some time." ]

[ "Cooking", "Cooking", "Cooking", "Cooking" ]

[ "Vermont\nI just came back from vacation in Vermont it was beautiful. ", "The view is awesome the scenery was just so pretty and the food was awesome as well.", "It is very small but it is very peaceful and relaxing to visit and have a nice time we are hoping to go back in the winter to visit Killington and stay in a log cabin.", "It would definable be a great place for a family buy some land and build your dream home from the ground up. I wonder how easy it will be to find work being the town is so small though.", "Which would mean mostly labor work for many or go into a small business to be your own boss may work for those not into labor etc." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vermont __knowledge__ Vermont () is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.", "Vermont __knowledge__ It borders the U.S. states of Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east and New York to the west, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the north.", "Vermont __knowledge__ Lake Champlain forms half of Vermont's western border with New York.", "Vermont __knowledge__ The Green Mountains run north-south for the length of the state.", "Vermont __knowledge__ Vermont is the second smallest by population and the sixth smallest by area of the 50 U.S. states.", "Vermont __knowledge__ The state capital is Montpelier, the least populous state capital in the United States.", "Vermont __knowledge__ The most populous city, Burlington, is the least populous city to be the most populous city in a state.", "Vermont __knowledge__ As of 2015, Vermont was the leading producer of maple syrup in the United States.", "Vermont __knowledge__ It was ranked as the safest state in the country in 2016.", "Vermont __knowledge__ For thousands of years indigenous peoples, including the Mohawk and the Algonquian-speaking Abenaki, occupied much of the territory that is now Vermont and was later claimed by France's colony of New France.", "Vermont __knowledge__ France ceded the territory to Great Britain after being defeated in 1763 in the Seven Years' War.", "Vermont __knowledge__ For many years, the nearby colonies, especially the provinces of New Hampshire and New York, disputed control of the area (then called the New Hampshire Grants).", "2009 NECBL playoffs __knowledge__ The 2009 NECBL playoffs was the postseason tournament of the New England Collegiate Baseball League for the 2009 season.", "2009 NECBL playoffs __knowledge__ It consisted of eight teams competing in three rounds of best-of-three series.", "2009 NECBL playoffs __knowledge__ In the championship round, Newport defeated Vermont 2-1 to win their fourth NECBL title.", "2009 NECBL playoffs __knowledge__ The 2009 NECBL playoffs consisted of three rounds, a Division Semifinal, Division Final, and Championship Series.", "2009 NECBL playoffs __knowledge__ Competing teams consisted of the four best-record teams from both the West Division and the East Division.", "2009 NECBL playoffs __knowledge__ These teams were seeded #1 through #4 according to their regular season record.", "2009 NECBL playoffs __knowledge__ In each division, the #1 seed played the #4 seed and the #2 seed played the #3 seed in the Division Semifinal round.", "List of Vermont locations by per capita income __knowledge__ Vermont has the twenty-fifth-highest per capita income in the United States of America, at $20,625 (2000).", "List of Vermont locations by per capita income __knowledge__ Its personal per capita income is $30,740 (2003).", "List of Vermont locations by per capita income __knowledge__ Note: Data is from the 2010 United States Census Data and the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.", "List of Vermont locations by per capita income __knowledge__ 1 Old Bennington, Vermont $40,884 2 Manchester Village, Vermont $40,851 3 Shelburne, Vermont $37,210 4 Weston, Vermont $36,546 5 Stowe, Vermont $35,474 6 Norwich, Vermont $35,285 7 Landgrove, Vermont $34,929 8 Charlotte, Vermont $33,942 9 Dorset, Vermont $32,956 10 Buels Gore, Vermont $32,533 11 Stratton, Vermont $32,489 12 Killington, Vermont $32,066 13 Manchester, Vermont $30,499 14 Warren, Vermont $30,405 15 Winhall, Vermont $30,378 16 Granby, Vermont $30,343 17 Williston, Vermont $29,757 18 Peru, Vermont $28,546 19 West Windsor, Vermont $28,360 20 Woodstock, Vermont $28,326 21 Fayston, Vermont $28,196 22 Pomfret, Vermont $27,922 23 Cornwall, Vermont $26,902 24 North Hero, Vermont $26,859 25 Underhill, Vermont $26,746 26 South Hero, Vermont $26,532 27 Mendon, Vermont $26,206 28 North Westminster, Vermont $25,900 29 Waterbury, Vermont $25,858 30 Essex, Vermont $25,854 31 Richmond, Vermont $25,692 32 Barnard, Vermont $25,354 33 South Burlington, Vermont $25,290 34 Plymouth, Vermont $25,272 35 Wilmington, Vermont $25,171 36 Jericho, Vermont $24,941 37 Weybridge, Vermont $24,735 38 Ludlow, Vermont $24,708 39 Bolton, Vermont $24,256 40 Londonderry, Vermont $24,220 41 Waitsfield, Vermont $24,209 42 Essex Junction, Vermont $24,142 43 Dummerston, Vermont $23,742 44 Hartland, Vermont $23,715 45 Grafton, Vermont $23,617 46 Dover, Vermont $23,485 47 South Barre, Vermont $23,480 48 Arlington, Vermont $23,277 49 Ferrisburgh, Vermont $23,066 50 Westford, Vermont $23,056 51 Middlesex, Vermont $22,965 52 Grand Isle, Vermont $22,955 53 St. George, Vermont $22,882 54 Thetford, Vermont $22,870 55 Hartford, Vermont $22,792 56 Hyde Park Village, Vermont $22,790 57 Montpelier, Vermont $22,599 58 Colchester, Vermont $22,472 59 West Haven, Vermont $22,429 60 East Montpelier, Vermont $22,425 61 Saxtons River, Vermont $22,409 62 Strafford, Vermont $22,267 63 Monkton, Vermont $22,256 64 Hinesburg, Vermont $22,230 65 Newfane, Vermont $22,215 66 Sandgate, Vermont $22,096 67 Jamaica, Vermont $22,052 68 Shrewsbury, Vermont $22,042 69 Shaftsbury, Vermont $22,035 70 Leicester, Vermont $21,938 71 Whitingham, Vermont $21,904 72 Pittsfield, Vermont $21,837 73 Wilder, Vermont $21,802 74 Waterford, Vermont $21,762 75 Andover, Vermont $21,744 76 Weathersfield, Vermont $21,647 77 Barre (town), Vermont $21,609 78 Waltham, Vermont $21,567 79 Brookfield, Vermont $21,502 80 Stockbridge, Vermont $21,379 81 New Haven, Vermont $21,321 82 Chittenden, Vermont $21,278 83 Lincoln, Vermont $21,092 84 Guilford, Vermont $21,028 85 Georgia, Vermont $20,888 86 Sharon, Vermont $20,824 87 Pawlet, Vermont $20,726 88 Calais, Vermont $20,722 89 Duxbury, Vermont $20,707 90 Windham, Vermont $20,704 91 Burke, Vermont $20,697 92 Randolph, Vermont $20,591 93 Panton, Vermont $20,586 94 Cambridge, Vermont $20,527 95 Brandon, Vermont $20,516 96 Reading, Vermont $20,504 97 Fletcher, Vermont $20,498 98 Rupert, Vermont $20,480 99 Huntington, Vermont $20,402 100 Mount Holly, Vermont $20,337 101 Jeffersonville, Vermont $20,323 102 Berlin, Vermont $20,312 103 Hyde Park, Vermont $20,293 104 Isle La Motte, Vermont $20,286 105 Moretown, Vermont $20,283 106 Whiting, Vermont $20,101 107 Elmore, Vermont $20,069 108 Newport (city), Vermont $20,054 109 Milton, Vermont $20,048 110 Westminster, Vermont $20,019 111 Rochester, Vermont $19,986 112 Tunbridge, Vermont $19,934 113 Orwell, Vermont $19,835 114 Bridgewater, Vermont $19,811 115 Peacham, Vermont $19,808 116 Clarendon, Vermont $19,801 117 Woodbury, Vermont $19,772 118 Bridport, Vermont $19,720 119 Vernon, Vermont $19,720 120 Worcester, Vermont $19,698 121 Chester, Vermont $19,661 122 Ripton, Vermont $19,597 123 Stamford, Vermont $19,575 124 Wallingford, Vermont $19,570 125 Brattleboro, Vermont $19,554 126 Marlboro, Vermont $19,503 127 Sunderland, Vermont $19,453 128 Townshend, Vermont $19,431 129 Greensboro, Vermont $19,396 130 Bristol, Vermont $19,345 131 Salisbury, Vermont $19,306 132 Hubbardton, Vermont $19,276 133 Pittsford, Vermont $19,271 134 Belvidere, Vermont $19,081 135 Rockingham, Vermont $19,051 136 Danville, Vermont $19,012 137 Burlington, Vermont $19,011 138 West Brattleboro, Vermont $18,996 139 Sudbury, Vermont $18,994 140 Middletown Springs, Vermont $18,914 141 Chester-Chester Depot, Vermont $18,863 142 South Shaftsbury, Vermont $18,729 143 Barre (city), Vermont $18,724 144 Marshfield, Vermont $18,649 145 Fairfax, Vermont $18,632 146 St. Albans, Vermont $18,604 147 Cabot, Vermont $18,585 148 Putney, Vermont $18,576 149 Victory, Vermont $18,558 150 Fairlee, Vermont $18,454 151 Bradford, Vermont $18,452 152 Springfield, Vermont $18,452 153 Washington, Vermont $18,439 154 Cavendish, Vermont $18,420 155 Cabot (village), Vermont $18,411 156 Perkinsville, Vermont $18,321 157 Swanton, Vermont $18,228 158 Proctor, Vermont $18,214 159 Westfield, Vermont $18,098 160 Brookline, Vermont $18,082 161 Waterville, Vermont $18,081 162 Newark, Vermont $18,035 163 West Fairlee, Vermont $18,011 164 Addison, Vermont $18,000 165 Plainfield, Vermont $17,980 166 Middlebury, Vermont $17,926 167 Fair Haven, Vermont $17,912 168 Readsboro, Vermont $17,911 169 Ryegate, Vermont $17,880 170 Mount Tabor, Vermont $17,785 171 Woodford, Vermont $17,752 172 Athens, Vermont $17,745 173 Halifax, Vermont $17,738 174 Williamstown, Vermont $17,720 175 Barnet, Vermont $17,690 176 Starksboro, Vermont $17,688 177 Newport (town), Vermont $17,677 178 Pownal, Vermont $17,669 179 Newbury, Vermont $17,659 180 Shoreham, Vermont $17,650 181 Windsor, Vermont $17,640 182 Castleton, Vermont $17,630 183 Bethel, Vermont $17,577 184 Jacksonville, Vermont $17,485 185 Guildhall, Vermont $17,326 186 West Rutland, Vermont $17,325 187 Fairfield, Vermont $17,307 188 Bennington, Vermont $17,290 189 Baltimore, Vermont $17,260 190 Walden, Vermont $17,253 191 Bloomfield, Vermont $17,224 192 Franklin, Vermont $17,222 193 White River Junction, Vermont $17,221 194 Winooski, Vermont $17,208 195 Morristown, Vermont $17,195 196 Derby, Vermont $17,192 197 Craftsbury, Vermont $17,185 198 Wardsboro, Vermont $17,165 199 Lemington, Vermont $17,146 200 Sheldon, Vermont $17,134 201 Rutland (city), Vermont $17,075 202 Goshen, Vermont $17,031 203 Danby, Vermont $16,984 204 Roxbury, Vermont $16,880 205 North Bennington, Vermont $16,832 206 St. Johnsbury, Vermont $16,807 207 Rutland (town), Vermont $16,807 208 West Burke, Vermont $16,764 209 Ira, Vermont $16,756 210 Royalton, Vermont $16,755 211 Kirby, Vermont $16,675 212 Tinmouth, Vermont $16,583 213 Montgomery, Vermont $16,570 214 Highgate, Vermont $16,505 215 Braintree, Vermont $16,480 216 Orange, Vermont $16,356 217 Irasburg, Vermont $16,315 218 Alburgh, Vermont $16,285 219 Enosburg, Vermont $16,281 220 Wells, Vermont $16,280 221 Hancock, Vermont $16,255 222 Lyndon, Vermont $16,245 223 Chelsea, Vermont $16,164 224 Vershire, Vermont $16,161 225 Graniteville-East Barre, Vermont $16,153 226 Benson, Vermont $15,931 227 Berkshire, Vermont $15,713 228 Bakersfield, Vermont $15,678 229 Maidstone, Vermont $15,668 230 Northfield, Vermont $15,592 231 Morgan, Vermont $15,565 232 Cambridge Village, Vermont $15,528 233 Norton, Vermont $15,506 234 Vergennes, Vermont $15,465 235 Morrisville, Vermont $15,446 236 Wheelock, Vermont $15,440 237 Glastenbury, Vermont $15,436 238 Derby Center, Vermont $15,435 239 Topsham, Vermont $15,405 240 Orleans, Vermont $15,318 241 Albany, Vermont $15,287 242 Charleston, Vermont $15,278 243 Bellows Falls, Vermont $15,276 244 Derby Line, Vermont $15,202 245 Wolcott, Vermont $15,198 246 Stannard, Vermont $15,196 247 Enosburg Falls, Vermont $15,195 248 Concord, Vermont $15,173 249 Glover, Vermont $15,112 250 Johnson, Vermont $15,014 251 Lyndonville, Vermont $15,006 252 Poultney, Vermont $14,963 253 Hardwick, Vermont $14,813 254 Wells River, Vermont $14,705 255 Groton, Vermont $14,659 256 Barton (town), Vermont $14,636 257 Sutton, Vermont $14,564 258 Westmore, Vermont $14,522 259 Granville, Vermont $14,453 260 Albany (village), Vermont $14,453 261 Corinth, Vermont $14,431 262 Richford, Vermont $14,368 263 Canaan, Vermont $14,131 264 Brownington, Vermont $14,004 265 Troy, Vermont $13,968 266 Coventry, Vermont $13,788 267 Barton (village), Vermont $13,670 268 Jay, Vermont $13,546 269 Eden, Vermont $13,391 270 East Haven, Vermont $13,330 271 North Troy, Vermont $13,291 272 Sheffield, Vermont $13,277 273 Island Pond, Vermont $13,207 274 Brighton, Vermont $12,999 275 Brunswick, Vermont $12,925 276 Lunenburg, Vermont $12,804 277 Lowell, Vermont $12,404 278 Holland, Vermont $11,936 279 Johnson Village, Vermont $11,651 280 Searsburg, Vermont $10,472 281 Averill, Vermont $9,876 282 Ferdinand, Vermont $9,138 ", "Summer vacation __knowledge__ Summer vacation (also called summer holiday or summer break) is a school holiday in summer between school years and the longest break in the school year.", "Summer vacation __knowledge__ Students and instructors are off school typically between 6 and 14 weeks, depending on the country and district.", "Summer vacation __knowledge__ In the United States, summer break is approximately 2.5 months, with students typically getting out of school between late May and mid-June and starting the new school year between mid-August and early September.", "Summer vacation __knowledge__ In Republic of Ireland, Italy, Greece, Lithuania, Latvia, Lebanon, Romania and Russia, the summer break is normally three months, compared to six to eight weeks in Australia, Britain, Canada, India, and Germany.", "History of Vermont __knowledge__ The geologic history of Vermont begins more than a million years ago during the Cambrian and Devonian periods.", "History of Vermont __knowledge__ Human history of Native American settlement can be divided into the hunter-gatherer Archaic Period, from c. 7000–1000 BC, and the sedentary Woodland Period, from c. 1000 BC to AD 1600.", "History of Vermont __knowledge__ Vermont was admitted to the United States as the fourteenth state in 1791 after a brief period of sovereignty following the American Revolutionary War.", "History of Vermont __knowledge__ Vermont experienced rising abolitionist sentiment and subsequently fought on the Union side of the American Civil War.", "History of Vermont __knowledge__ Vermont was covered with shallow seas periodically from the Cambrian to Devonian periods.", "Government of Vermont __knowledge__ The government of Vermont is a republican form of government modeled after the Government of the United States.", "Government of Vermont __knowledge__ The Constitution of Vermont is the supreme law of the state, followed by the Vermont Statutes.", "Government of Vermont __knowledge__ This is roughly analogous to the Federal United States Constitution, United States Code and Code of Federal Regulations respectively.", "Government of Vermont __knowledge__ Provision is made for the following frame of government under the Constitution of the State of Vermont: the executive branch, the legislative branch, and the judicial branch.", "Government of Vermont __knowledge__ All members of the executive and legislative branch serve two-year terms including the governor and senators.", "Gender and Labor in Vermont __knowledge__ Vermont has the 10th smallest gender wage gap of all the states in America.", "Gender and Labor in Vermont __knowledge__ However, there is still a gap.", "Gender and Labor in Vermont __knowledge__ Women who work full-time year round in Vermont make 84 cents for every dollar made by a man.", "Gender and Labor in Vermont __knowledge__ This equates to $7,589 yearly.", "Gender and Labor in Vermont __knowledge__ Together, Vermont women lose over $705 million every year.", "Gender and Labor in Vermont __knowledge__ For a single person, 16 cents on every dollar would amount to seven months of rent, for a family of four $7,000 would pay for six months of child care or groceries (based on estimated expenses defined in the JFO 2015 Basic Needs Budget tables).", "Gender and Labor in Vermont __knowledge__ In Vermont, women comprise 45% of full-time workers and 71% of year-round, part-time workers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vermont __knowledge__ Vermont () is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.", "Vermont __knowledge__ It borders the U.S. states of Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east and New York to the west, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the north.", "Vermont __knowledge__ Lake Champlain forms half of Vermont's western border with New York.", "Vermont __knowledge__ The Green Mountains run north-south for the length of the state.", "Vermont __knowledge__ Vermont is the second smallest by population and the sixth smallest by area of the 50 U.S. states.", "Vermont __knowledge__ The state capital is Montpelier, the least populous state capital in the United States.", "Vermont __knowledge__ The most populous city, Burlington, is the least populous city to be the most populous city in a state.", "Vermont __knowledge__ As of 2015, Vermont was the leading producer of maple syrup in the United States.", "Vermont __knowledge__ It was ranked as the safest state in the country in 2016.", "Vermont __knowledge__ For thousands of years indigenous peoples, including the Mohawk and the Algonquian-speaking Abenaki, occupied much of the territory that is now Vermont and was later claimed by France's colony of New France.", "Vermont __knowledge__ France ceded the territory to Great Britain after being defeated in 1763 in the Seven Years' War.", "Vermont __knowledge__ For many years, the nearby colonies, especially the provinces of New Hampshire and New York, disputed control of the area (then called the New Hampshire Grants).", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Michael Lee Alfonso (January 24, 1965 – February 17, 2007) was an American professional wrestler.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ He was best known for his appearances with the American professional wrestling promotions Extreme Championship Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation under the ring name Mike Awesome and for his appearances in Japan for with Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling and All Japan Pro Wrestling as The Gladiator.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso was trained to wrestle by Steve Keirn, debuting on February 26, 1989.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso trained for about one year along with former professional wrestlers, Dennis Knight (Mideon, Phineas Godwin) and the late \"Big\" Al Green before making his debut.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the series \"The Awesomes\".", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Professor Dr. Jeremy \"Prock\" Awesome (voiced by Seth Meyers) - The son of Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Jeremy Awesome is the young new leader of the Awesomes.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Known as Prock (a portmanteau of Professor and Doctor, since Prock has a JD and an MD) he has always wanted to be a superhero like his father, Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Prock disappointingly doesn't have any of his father's impressive physical powers: indeed, he is unimposing and injury-prone.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ However, he's the smartest on the team and a natural leader: in a crisis he comes up with excellent plans and assigns jobs to everyone on the team.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ Awesome Comics or Awesome Entertainment (also known as Awesome-Hyperwerks when they were briefly joined with Hyperwerks Entertainment) was an American comic book studio formed in 1997 by Image Comics co-founder Rob Liefeld.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ The company closed in 2000.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ In 1992, seven high-profile comics artists left Marvel Comics to form their own publisher, where comics creators could publish creator-owned material without having to give up copyright-control to their characters.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ The seven artists (bar Whilce Portacio, who opted not to become a full partner) formed a partnership between their individual studios, and published their comics under the over-arcing Image Comics banner.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ awesome is a dynamic window manager for the X Window System developed in the C and Lua programming languages.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ Lua is also used for configuring and extending the window manager.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ Its development began as a fork of dwm.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ It aims to be extremely small and fast, yet extensively customizable.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ It makes it possible for the user to manage windows with the use of keyboard.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ The fork was initially nicknamed \"jdwm\", with \"jd\" denoting the principal programmer's initials, and with dwm reminding of the software project it forked from.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ The first git repository for what was to become awesome was set up in September 2007. jdwm was renamed to awesome, named after the same phrase used by the \"How I Met Your Mother\" character Barney Stinson.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ Originally a trainee for George and Shunji Takano's Pro Wrestling Crusaders, Tanaka transferred to Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling where he trained under Atsushi Onita.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ Tanaka debuted on July 23, 1993 in Saga City, facing Ricky Fuji.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ He quickly began moving up the card in FMW, widely regarded as the top hardcore professional wrestling promotion in Japan.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ Wrestling in matches featuring explosions and barbed wire, Tanaka earned a variety of scars, and the nickname \"Dangan\", which he would often shout during his matches.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ By 1996 he was one of the promotion's major stars, and had feuded with such luminaries as Mr. Pogo, Mr. Gannosuke, Terry Funk and Mike Awesome.", "Channel Awesome __knowledge__ Channel Awesome, Inc. is an American online media production company based in Lombard, Illinois.", "Channel Awesome __knowledge__ The company was created in 2008 by Mike Michaud, Mike Ellis, and Bhargav Dronamraju.", "Channel Awesome __knowledge__ Channel Awesome operated the That Guy with the Glasses website (often abbreviated TGWTG) until late 2014, when it was replaced by the \"Channel Awesome\" website.", "Channel Awesome __knowledge__ \"That Guy with the Glasses\" previously hosted fellow channels by \"Bar Fiesta\" beginning in November 2009, \"Blistered Thumbs\" beginning in November 2010.", "Channel Awesome __knowledge__ As of May 2015, Channel Awesome currently hosts a YouTube channel of the same name with an emphasis on the Walker Brothers' content, as well as the YouTube channel \"League of Super Critics\" that includes several of the site's other top producers.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ 1000 Awesome Things is a regularly updated, Webby Award winning blog written by Neil Pasricha, who posts one awesome thing in life each weekday.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ The site was launched on June 20, 2008 with #1000 Broccoflower and is counting down until it hits #1.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ The topics covered on the blog are varied, and range from #981, Wearing underwear just out of the dryer, to #858, The other side of the pillow, and #773, watching your odometer click over a major milestone.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ An awesome thing is posted every weekday and #1 was posted on April 19, 2012.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ The website has a live stats counter on it and has approximately 48 million hits.", "Lake Champlain __knowledge__ Lake Champlain (French: Lac Champlain) (Abenaki: Pitawbagok) (Mohawk: Kaniatarakwà:ronte) is a natural freshwater lake in North America mainly within the borders of the United States (in the states of Vermont and New York) but partially situated across the Canada–U.S.", "Lake Champlain __knowledge__ border, in the Canadian province of Quebec.", "Lake Champlain __knowledge__ The New York portion of the Champlain Valley includes the eastern portions of Clinton County and Essex County.", "Lake Champlain __knowledge__ Most of this area is part of the Adirondack Park.", "Lake Champlain __knowledge__ There are recreational opportunities in the park and along the relatively undeveloped coastline of Lake Champlain.", "Lake Champlain __knowledge__ The cities of Plattsburgh, New York and Burlington, Vermont are on the lake's western and eastern shores, respectively, and the village of Ticonderoga, New York is in the region's southern part.", "USS Lake Champlain (CV-39) __knowledge__ USS \"Lake Champlain\" (CV/CVA/CVS-39) was one of 24 s completed during or shortly after World War II for the United States Navy.", "USS Lake Champlain (CV-39) __knowledge__ She was the second US Navy ship to bear the name, and was named for the Battle of Lake Champlain in the War of 1812.", "USS Lake Champlain (CV-39) __knowledge__ Commissioned on 3 June 1945, \"Lake Champlain\" did not participate in World War II, but did serve as a transport, bringing troops home from Europe as part of Operation Magic Carpet.", "USS Lake Champlain (CV-39) __knowledge__ Like many of her sister ships, she was decommissioned shortly after the end of the war, but was modernized and recommissioned in the early 1950s, and redesignated as an attack carrier (CVA).", "Samuel de Champlain __knowledge__ Samuel de Champlain ( born Samuel Champlain; on or before August 13, 1574 – December 25, 1635), \"The Father of New France\", was a French navigator, cartographer, draftsman, soldier, explorer, geographer, ethnologist, diplomat, and chronicler.", "Samuel de Champlain __knowledge__ He made from 21-29 trips across the Atlantic, and founded New France and Quebec City on July 3, 1608.", "Samuel de Champlain __knowledge__ He is important to Canadian history because he made the first accurate map of the coast and he helped establish the settlements.", "Samuel de Champlain __knowledge__ Born into a family of mariners, Champlain, while still a young man, began exploring North America in 1603 under the guidance of François Gravé Du Pont, his uncle.", "Burlington, Vermont __knowledge__ Burlington is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Vermont and the seat of Chittenden County.", "Burlington, Vermont __knowledge__ It is located south of the Canada–United States border and south of Canada's second most populous municipality, Montreal.", "Burlington, Vermont __knowledge__ The city's population was 42,452 according to a 2015 U.S. census estimate.", "Burlington, Vermont __knowledge__ It is the least populous municipality in the United States to be the most populous incorporated area in a state.", "Burlington, Vermont __knowledge__ A regional college town, Burlington is home to the University of Vermont (UVM) and Champlain College, a small private college.", "Burlington, Vermont __knowledge__ Vermont's largest hospital, the UVM Medical Center, is located within the city limits.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ The War of 1812 (18121815) was a conflict fought between the United States, the United Kingdom, and their respective allies.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ Historians in Britain often see it as a minor theatre of the Napoleonic Wars; in the United States and Canada, it is seen as a war in its own right.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ Since the outbreak of war with Napoleonic France, Britain had enforced a naval blockade to choke off neutral trade to France, which the United States contested as illegal under international law.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ To man the blockade, Britain impressed American merchant sailors into the Royal Navy.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ Incidents such as the \"Chesapeake–Leopard\" Affair inflamed anti-British sentiment.", "Battle of Plattsburgh __knowledge__ The Battle of Plattsburgh, also known as the Battle of Lake Champlain, ended the final invasion of the northern states of the United States during the War of 1812.", "Battle of Plattsburgh __knowledge__ A British army under Lieutenant General Sir George Prévost and a naval squadron under Captain George Downie converged on the lakeside town of Plattsburgh, which was defended by New York and Vermont militia and detachments of regular troops of the United States Army, all under the command of Brigadier General Alexander Macomb, and ships commanded by Master Commandant Thomas Macdonough.", "Battle of Plattsburgh __knowledge__ Downie's squadron attacked shortly after dawn on 11 September 1814, but was defeated after a hard fight in which Downie was killed." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vermont __knowledge__ Vermont () is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.", "Vermont __knowledge__ It borders the U.S. states of Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east and New York to the west, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the north.", "Vermont __knowledge__ Lake Champlain forms half of Vermont's western border with New York.", "Vermont __knowledge__ The Green Mountains run north-south for the length of the state.", "Vermont __knowledge__ Vermont is the second smallest by population and the sixth smallest by area of the 50 U.S. states.", "Vermont __knowledge__ The state capital is Montpelier, the least populous state capital in the United States.", "Vermont __knowledge__ The most populous city, Burlington, is the least populous city to be the most populous city in a state.", "Vermont __knowledge__ As of 2015, Vermont was the leading producer of maple syrup in the United States.", "Vermont __knowledge__ It was ranked as the safest state in the country in 2016.", "Vermont __knowledge__ For thousands of years indigenous peoples, including the Mohawk and the Algonquian-speaking Abenaki, occupied much of the territory that is now Vermont and was later claimed by France's colony of New France.", "Vermont __knowledge__ France ceded the territory to Great Britain after being defeated in 1763 in the Seven Years' War.", "Vermont __knowledge__ For many years, the nearby colonies, especially the provinces of New Hampshire and New York, disputed control of the area (then called the New Hampshire Grants).", "William Henry Harrison presidential campaign, 1840 __knowledge__ In 1840, William Henry Harrison was elected President of the United States.", "William Henry Harrison presidential campaign, 1840 __knowledge__ Harrison, who had served as a general and as United States Senator from Ohio, defeated the incumbent president, Democrat Martin Van Buren, in a campaign that broke new ground in American politics.", "William Henry Harrison presidential campaign, 1840 __knowledge__ Among other firsts, Harrison's victory was the first time the Whig Party won a presidential election.", "William Henry Harrison presidential campaign, 1840 __knowledge__ A month after taking office, Harrison died and his running mate John Tyler served the remainder of his term, but broke from the Whig agenda, and was expelled from the party.", "William Henry Harrison presidential campaign, 1840 __knowledge__ Harrison was born into wealth in 1773.", "William Henry Harrison presidential campaign, 1840 __knowledge__ He started a military career before using his father's connections to gain office on the frontier.", "Log cabin __knowledge__ A log cabin is a dwelling constructed of logs, especially a less finished or architecturally sophisticated structure.", "Log cabin __knowledge__ Log cabins have an ancient history in Europe, and in America are often associated with first generation home building by settlers.", "Log cabin __knowledge__ Construction with logs was described by Roman architect Vitruvius Pollio in his architectural treatise \"De Architectura\".", "Log cabin __knowledge__ He noted that in Pontus (modern-day northeastern Turkey), dwellings were constructed by laying logs horizontally overtop of each other and filling in the gaps with \"chips and mud\".", "Log cabin __knowledge__ Historically log cabin construction has its roots in Scandinavia and Eastern Europe.", "Killington Ski Resort __knowledge__ Killington Mountain Resort & Ski Area is a ski resort in the northeast United States, near Killington, Vermont.", "Killington Ski Resort __knowledge__ It is the largest ski area in the eastern U.S., and has the largest vertical drop in New England at .", "Killington Ski Resort __knowledge__ Starting in the 2013–14 ski season, it was given the title \"Beast of the East.\"", "Killington Ski Resort __knowledge__ In 1954, Perry H. Merrill, the Father of Vermont's State Parks and Alpine Ski Areas and Vermont State land lease officer, wanted to see a ski resort developed on Killington Peak, the second highest mountain in Vermont.", "Killington Ski Resort __knowledge__ Preston Leete Smith agreed to work with him to develop this area.", "Killington Ski Resort __knowledge__ Killington opened on December 13, 1958.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "C. M. Russell Museum Complex __knowledge__ C.M.", "C. M. Russell Museum Complex __knowledge__ Russell Museum Complex is an art museum located in the city of Great Falls, Montana, in the United States.", "C. M. Russell Museum Complex __knowledge__ The museum's primary function is to display the artwork of Great Falls \"cowboy artist\" Charles Marion Russell, for whom the museum is named.", "C. M. Russell Museum Complex __knowledge__ The museum also displays illustrated letters by Russell, work materials used by him, and other items which help visitors understand the life and working habits of Russell.", "C. M. Russell Museum Complex __knowledge__ In addition, the museum displays original 19th, 20th, and 21st century art depicting the American Old West and the flora, fauna, and landscapes of the American West.", "C. M. Russell Museum Complex __knowledge__ In 2009, the \"Wall Street Journal\" called the institution \"one of America's premier Western art museums.\"", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "Morelos __knowledge__ Morelos (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Morelos (), is one of the 32 states, which comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico.", "Morelos __knowledge__ It is divided in 33 municipalities and its capital city is Cuernavaca.", "Morelos __knowledge__ It is located in South-Central Mexico.", "Morelos __knowledge__ It is bordered by the states of México to the north-east and north-west, Puebla to the east and Guerrero to the southwest.", "Morelos __knowledge__ Mexico City is situated north of Morelos.", "Morelos __knowledge__ Morelos is the second-smallest state in the nation, just after Tlaxcala.", "Morelos __knowledge__ It was part of the very large province then State of Mexico until 1869, when Benito Juárez decreed that its territory would be separated and named in honor of José María Morelos y Pavón, who defended the city of Cuautla from royalist forces during the Mexican War of Independence.", "New England __knowledge__ New England is a geographical region comprising six states of the northeastern United States: Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut.", "New England __knowledge__ It is bordered by the state of New York to the west and by the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec to the northeast and north, respectively.", "New England __knowledge__ The Atlantic Ocean is to the east and southeast, and Long Island Sound is to the south.", "New England __knowledge__ Boston is New England's largest city as well as the capital of Massachusetts.", "New England __knowledge__ The largest metropolitan area is Greater Boston, which also includes Worcester, Massachusetts (the second-largest city in New England), Manchester (the largest city in New Hampshire), and Providence (the capital and largest city of Rhode Island), with nearly a third of the entire region's population.", "Penang __knowledge__ Penang is a Malaysian state located on the northwest coast of Peninsular Malaysia, by the Malacca Strait.", "Penang __knowledge__ It has two parts: Penang Island, where the capital city, George Town, is located, and Seberang Perai (formerly \"Province Wellesley\") on the Malay Peninsula.", "Penang __knowledge__ The second smallest Malaysian state by land mass, Penang is bordered by Kedah to the north and the east, and Perak to the south.", "Penang __knowledge__ Penang's population stood at nearly 1.75 million , while its population density rose to .", "Penang __knowledge__ It has among the highest population densities in Malaysia and is one of the country's most urbanised states.", "Penang __knowledge__ Penang Island, which includes George Town, is Malaysia's second largest city by population.", "Maryland __knowledge__ Maryland () is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia, and Washington, D.C. to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware to its east.", "Maryland __knowledge__ The state's largest city is Baltimore, and its capital is Annapolis.", "Maryland __knowledge__ Among its occasional nicknames are \"Old Line State\", the \"Free State\", and the \"Chesapeake Bay State\".", "Maryland __knowledge__ The state is named after the English queen Henrietta Maria of France.", "Maryland __knowledge__ One of the original Thirteen Colonies, Maryland is considered to be the birthplace of religious freedom in America, when it was formed by George Calvert in the early 17th century as an intended refuge for persecuted Catholics from England.", "Nauru __knowledge__ Nauru (, or ), officially the Republic of Nauru () and formerly known as Pleasant Island, is an island country in Micronesia, a subregion of Oceania, in the Central Pacific.", "Nauru __knowledge__ Its nearest neighbour is Banaba Island in Kiribati, to the east.", "Nauru __knowledge__ It further lies northwest of Tuvalu, north of the Solomon Islands, east-northeast of Papua New Guinea, southeast of the Federated States of Micronesia and south of the Marshall Islands.", "Nauru __knowledge__ With residents in a area, Nauru is the smallest state in the South Pacific, smallest republic and third smallest state by area in the world, behind only Vatican City and Monaco.", "Christianity in Indonesia __knowledge__ Christianity is Indonesia's second largest religion, after Islam.", "Christianity in Indonesia __knowledge__ Indonesia also has the second largest Christian population in Southeast Asia after the Philippines, the largest Protestant population in Southeast Asia, and the fourth largest Christian in Asia after the Philippines, India and China.", "Christianity in Indonesia __knowledge__ Indonesia's 24 million Christians constitute 10% of the country's population, with 7% Protestant (17 million) and 3% Catholic (7 million).", "Christianity in Indonesia __knowledge__ Some provinces in Indonesia are majority Christian (Protestant or Catholic).", "Christianity in Indonesia __knowledge__ Christianity, a minority religion in Indonesia, is not evenly spread throughout the archipelago." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vermont __knowledge__ Vermont () is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.", "Vermont __knowledge__ It borders the U.S. states of Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east and New York to the west, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the north.", "Vermont __knowledge__ Lake Champlain forms half of Vermont's western border with New York.", "Vermont __knowledge__ The Green Mountains run north-south for the length of the state.", "Vermont __knowledge__ Vermont is the second smallest by population and the sixth smallest by area of the 50 U.S. states.", "Vermont __knowledge__ The state capital is Montpelier, the least populous state capital in the United States.", "Vermont __knowledge__ The most populous city, Burlington, is the least populous city to be the most populous city in a state.", "Vermont __knowledge__ As of 2015, Vermont was the leading producer of maple syrup in the United States.", "Vermont __knowledge__ It was ranked as the safest state in the country in 2016.", "Vermont __knowledge__ For thousands of years indigenous peoples, including the Mohawk and the Algonquian-speaking Abenaki, occupied much of the territory that is now Vermont and was later claimed by France's colony of New France.", "Vermont __knowledge__ France ceded the territory to Great Britain after being defeated in 1763 in the Seven Years' War.", "Vermont __knowledge__ For many years, the nearby colonies, especially the provinces of New Hampshire and New York, disputed control of the area (then called the New Hampshire Grants).", "Mitre 10 Dream Home __knowledge__ Mitre 10 Dream Home is a reality television series that screens on TV2 in New Zealand, originally presented by Jayne Kiely, with Simon Barnett presenting series 11.", "Mitre 10 Dream Home __knowledge__ Two couples are challenged to show the country whether or not they are able to work well together, they turn a dilapidated house into their \"Dream Home.\"", "Mitre 10 Dream Home __knowledge__ Each week, the two teams renovate a room or area of the house in the space of one weekend.", "Mitre 10 Dream Home __knowledge__ Viewers vote for the room they like best, with the votes from the viewers and judges helping determine which team wins the competition.", "Mitre 10 Dream Home __knowledge__ The winning team wins the Dream Home they create, and the second team have the option to purchase their Dream Home at a public auction.", "Dream Home __knowledge__ Dream Home (維多利亞壹號 \"Wai dor lei ah yut ho\", literally \"Victoria No.", "Dream Home __knowledge__ 1\") is a 2010 Hong Kong slasher film directed and co-written by Pang Ho-cheung.", "Dream Home __knowledge__ The film is the story of Cheng Lai-sheung (Josie Ho) who saves up money to buy her dream home.", "Dream Home __knowledge__ After the sellers decide to turn her down, she goes into a murderous frenzy.", "Dream Home __knowledge__ \"Dream Home\" was originally meant to be released in October 2009 in Hong Kong but due to legal disputes between 852 Films and the director the film premiered in Italy on 23 April 2010 and in Hong Kong on 13 May.", "Dream Home __knowledge__ The film received mixed reviews which focused on whether or not the satirical and horrific scenes worked well together.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ This is a list of \"VeggieTales\" original videos.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ Where's God When I'm S-Scared?", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ was initially released on December 21, 1993 on VHS and was distributed by Word Entertainment on March 1, 1994.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ It features two stories about what to do when you are afraid.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ In the first segment, \"Tales from the Crisper\", Junior Asparagus is watching a scary movie before being told by his mother that he needs to go to bed.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ However, the movie has made him afraid and after imagining that his family in a portrait were frankenstein monsters, Bob and Larry drop in to help.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ After some discussion, the pair comfort Junior in song about how he does not need to be afraid because God is watching out for him and He is bigger than anything.", "Wonder Boy in Monster Land __knowledge__ Wonder Boy in Monster Land, known by its original arcade release as , is an action role-playing platform video game developed by Westone Bit Entertainment and released by Sega for arcade cabinets in 1987 and for the Master System in 1988, with a number of other home computer and console ports following.", "Wonder Boy in Monster Land __knowledge__ The game is the sequel to the 1986 game \"Wonder Boy\" and takes place eleven years after the events in the previous game.", "Wonder Boy in Monster Land __knowledge__ After enjoying over a decade of peace on Wonder Land following the defeat of the evil King by Tom-Tom, later bestowed the title \"Wonder Boy\", a fire-breathing dragon called the MEKA dragon appeared; he and his minions conquered Wonder Land, turning it into \"Monster Land\".", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ Willow Bunch is a small community located in south central Saskatchewan, Canada, southwest of the provincial capital of Regina.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The population was 286 at the 2011 census.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ Previous names for Willow Bunch have been \"Hart-Rouge\" and \"Talle-de-Saules\".", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The area has seen influences from Métis and Fransaskois.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ About 19 kilometres north-west of Willow Bunch is one of Saskatchewan’s biggest archaeological mysteries.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The St. Victors Petroglyph site is a provincial park that is host to over 300 rock carvings.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The carvings are located on a sandstone cliff that is elevated at 950m.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The uniqueness of the plateau is characterized by being only one of five sites in Canada where petroglyphs are on a horizontal structure of a rock.", "List of Kirby characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the \"Kirby\" video game series developed by HAL Laboratory and published by Nintendo.", "List of Kirby characters __knowledge__ is a pink \"puffball\" who has been the star of a number of namesake games developed by HAL Laboratory.", "List of Kirby characters __knowledge__ Kirby has appeared in over twenty games since 1992 and has starred in his own animated series.", "List of Kirby characters __knowledge__ The Kirby series has sold over 33 million units worldwide.", "List of Kirby characters __knowledge__ The core games of the series are platformers.", "List of Kirby characters __knowledge__ The villains he encounters typically threaten his home of on the planet Pop Star, most often the greedy King Dedede or the mysterious Meta Knight.", "List of Kirby characters __knowledge__ The main games always have Kirby with the same basic abilities; he can walk, run, jump, float, and inhale and spit out or swallow his enemies.", "Nawaz Sharif __knowledge__ Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif (Urdu/, born 25 December 1949) is a Pakistani businessman and politician who served as the Prime Minister of Pakistan from 2013 until he was disqualified for life from office by the Supreme Court of Pakistan in 2017.", "Nawaz Sharif __knowledge__ He had previously served as the Prime Minister twice in the 90s (1990–93 and 1997–99) and the Chief Minister of Punjab from 1985 to 1990.", "Nawaz Sharif __knowledge__ He is Pakistan's longest-serving prime minister.", "Nawaz Sharif __knowledge__ Born into the upper-middle class Sharif family in Lahore, he is the son of Ittefaq and Sharif Group founder, Muhammad Sharif, and the elder-brother of three-time elected Punjab Chief Minister, Shehbaz.", "History of Cumbria __knowledge__ The history of Cumbria as a county of England begins with the Local Government Act 1972.", "History of Cumbria __knowledge__ Its territory and constituent parts however have a long history under various other administrative and historic units of governance.", "History of Cumbria __knowledge__ Cumbria is an upland, coastal and rural area, with a history of invasions, migration and settlement, as well as battles and skirmishes between the English and the Scots.", "History of Cumbria __knowledge__ Cumbria was created as a county in 1974 from territory of the historic counties of Cumberland, Westmorland, Lancashire North of the Sands and a small part of Yorkshire, but the human history of the area is ancient.", "Global Peace Index __knowledge__ Global Peace Index (GPI) measures the relative position of nations' and regions' peacefulness.", "Global Peace Index __knowledge__ The GPI ranks 163 independent states and territories according to their levels of peacefulness.", "Global Peace Index __knowledge__ The GPI is a report produced by the Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP) and developed in consultation with an international panel of peace experts from peace institutes and think tanks with data collected and collated by the Economist Intelligence Unit.", "Global Peace Index __knowledge__ The Index was first launched in May 2007, with subsequent reports being released annually.", "Global Peace Index __knowledge__ It is claimed to be the first study to rank countries around the world according to their peacefulness.", "Nuclear program of Iran __knowledge__ The nuclear program of Iran has included several research sites, two uranium mines, a research reactor, and uranium processing facilities that include three known uranium enrichment plants.", "Nuclear program of Iran __knowledge__ In 1970, Iran ratified the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), making its nuclear program subject to the IAEA's verification.", "Nuclear program of Iran __knowledge__ Iran's nuclear program was launched in the 1950s with the help of the United States as part of the Atoms for Peace program.", "Nuclear program of Iran __knowledge__ The participation of the United States and Western European governments in Iran's nuclear program continued until the 1979 Iranian Revolution that toppled the last Shah of Iran.", "Greater Metro Junior A Hockey League __knowledge__ The Greater Metro Junior A Hockey League (GMHL) is a Canadian developmental Junior ice hockey league.", "Greater Metro Junior A Hockey League __knowledge__ The GMHL is not affiliated with the Canadian Junior Hockey League or a member by Hockey Canada.", "Greater Metro Junior A Hockey League __knowledge__ The league has teams in the Greater Toronto Area, Central Ontario, Northeastern Ontario, and Quebec.", "Greater Metro Junior A Hockey League __knowledge__ As of October 2014, the league's alumni page lists 380 players from 2006 to 2014 who left the GMHL to play for NCAA colleges, various professional leagues, major junior teams, or represented their country in various IIHF World Championships.", "Greater Metro Junior A Hockey League __knowledge__ The league, founded by Bob Russell and Hockeyworks International Ltd., opened its doors in early 2006, with a unique concept and approach to improving the standard of developing young hockey players within a Junior 'A' league format setting.", "Rodrigo Duterte __knowledge__ Rodrigo \"Rody\" Roa Duterte (; born March 28, 1945), also known as Digong, is a Filipino lawyer and politician who is the 16th and current President of the Philippines.", "Rodrigo Duterte __knowledge__ He is the first Mindanaoan to hold the office.", "Rodrigo Duterte __knowledge__ At 71 years old, Duterte is the oldest person to assume the Philippine presidency; the record was previously held by Sergio Osmeña at the age of 65.", "Rodrigo Duterte __knowledge__ Duterte studied political science at the Lyceum of the Philippines University, graduating in 1968, before obtaining a law degree from San Beda College of Law in 1972.", "Rodrigo Duterte __knowledge__ He then worked as a lawyer and was a prosecutor for Davao City, a highly urbanized city on Mindanao island, before becoming vice mayor and, subsequently, mayor of the city in the wake of the Philippine Revolution of 1986." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vermont __knowledge__ Vermont () is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.", "Vermont __knowledge__ It borders the U.S. states of Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east and New York to the west, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the north.", "Vermont __knowledge__ Lake Champlain forms half of Vermont's western border with New York.", "Vermont __knowledge__ The Green Mountains run north-south for the length of the state.", "Vermont __knowledge__ Vermont is the second smallest by population and the sixth smallest by area of the 50 U.S. states.", "Vermont __knowledge__ The state capital is Montpelier, the least populous state capital in the United States.", "Vermont __knowledge__ The most populous city, Burlington, is the least populous city to be the most populous city in a state.", "Vermont __knowledge__ As of 2015, Vermont was the leading producer of maple syrup in the United States.", "Vermont __knowledge__ It was ranked as the safest state in the country in 2016.", "Vermont __knowledge__ For thousands of years indigenous peoples, including the Mohawk and the Algonquian-speaking Abenaki, occupied much of the territory that is now Vermont and was later claimed by France's colony of New France.", "Vermont __knowledge__ France ceded the territory to Great Britain after being defeated in 1763 in the Seven Years' War.", "Vermont __knowledge__ For many years, the nearby colonies, especially the provinces of New Hampshire and New York, disputed control of the area (then called the New Hampshire Grants).", "Li Lisan __knowledge__ Lǐ Lìsān (; November 18, 1899 – June 22, 1967) was an early leader of the Chinese communists, and the top leader of the Chinese Communist Party from 1928 to 1930, member of the Politburo, and later a member of the Central Committee.", "Li Lisan __knowledge__ Li was born in Liling, Hunan province in China in 1899, under the name of Li Rongzhi.", "Li Lisan __knowledge__ His father, a teacher, taught Li Chinese traditional poems and classics.", "Li Lisan __knowledge__ In 1915, he arrived at Changsha for high school and saw an advertisement in a newspaper written by a student from First Normal School of Changsha with the pen name 28 Strokes.", "Li Lisan __knowledge__ Li met, and then became friends with, the young man whose real name was Mao Zedong.", "Fei–Ranis model of economic growth __knowledge__ The Fei–Ranis model of economic growth is a dualism model in developmental economics or welfare economics that has been developed by John C. H. Fei and Gustav Ranis and can be understood as an extension of the Lewis model.", "Fei–Ranis model of economic growth __knowledge__ It is also known as the Surplus Labor model.", "Fei–Ranis model of economic growth __knowledge__ It recognizes the presence of a dual economy comprising both the modern and the primitive sector and takes the economic situation of unemployment and underemployment of resources into account, unlike many other growth models that consider underdeveloped countries to be homogenous in nature.", "Fei–Ranis model of economic growth __knowledge__ According to this theory, the primitive sector consists of the existing agricultural sector in the economy, and the modern sector is the rapidly emerging but small industrial sector.", "Industrial Workers of the World philosophy and tactics __knowledge__ The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) is a union of wage workers which was formed in Chicago in 1905 by militant unionists and their supporters due to anger over the conservatism, philosophy, and craft-based structure of the American Federation of Labor (AFL).", "Industrial Workers of the World philosophy and tactics __knowledge__ Throughout the early part of the Twentieth century the philosophy and tactics of the Industrial Workers of the World were frequently in direct conflict with those of the American Federation of Labor (forerunner of the AFL-CIO) concerning the best ways to organize workers, and how to best improve the society in which they toiled.", "Industrial Workers of the World philosophy and tactics __knowledge__ The AFL had one guiding principle—\"pure and simple trade unionism\", often summarized with the slogan \"a fair day's pay for a fair day's work.\"", "Sicilian Mafia __knowledge__ The Sicilian Mafia, also known as simply the Mafia and frequently referred to by members as Cosa Nostra (, \"our thing\"), is a criminal syndicate in Sicily, Italy.", "Sicilian Mafia __knowledge__ It is a loose association of criminal groups that share a common organisational structure and code of conduct.", "Sicilian Mafia __knowledge__ The basic group is known as a \"family\", \"clan\", or \"\"cosca\"\".", "Sicilian Mafia __knowledge__ Each family claims sovereignty over a territory, usually a town or village or a neighbourhood (\"borgata\") of a larger city, in which it operates its rackets.", "Sicilian Mafia __knowledge__ Its members call themselves \"men of honour\", although the public often refers to them as \"mafiosi\".", "Sicilian Mafia __knowledge__ The Mafia's core activities are protection racketeering, the arbitration of disputes between criminals, and the organizing and oversight of illegal agreements and transactions.", "Labor federation competition in the United States __knowledge__ Labor federation competition in the U.S. is a history of the labor movement, considering U.S. labor organizations and federations that have been regional, national, or international in scope, and that have united organizations of disparate groups of workers.", "Labor federation competition in the United States __knowledge__ Union philosophy and ideology changed from one period to another, conflicting at times.", "Labor federation competition in the United States __knowledge__ Government actions have controlled, or legislated against particular industrial actions or labor entities, resulting in the diminishing of one labor federation entity or the advance of another.", "Labor federation competition in the United States __knowledge__ A 'labor federation' is a group of unions or labor organizations that are in some sense coordinated.", "United States labor law __knowledge__ United States labor law sets the rights and duties for employees, labor unions, and employers in the United States.", "United States labor law __knowledge__ Labor law's basic aim is to remedy the \"inequality of bargaining power\" between employees and employers, especially employers \"organized in the corporate or other forms of ownership association\".", "United States labor law __knowledge__ Over the 20th century, federal law created minimum social and economic rights, and encouraged state laws to go beyond the minimum to favor employees.", "United States labor law __knowledge__ The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 requires a federal minimum wage, currently $7.25 but higher in 28 states, and discourages unhealthy working weeks over 40 hours through time-and-a-half overtime pay.", "Small business __knowledge__ Small businesses are privately owned corporations, partnerships, or sole proprietorships that have fewer employees and/or less annual revenue than a regular-sized business or corporation.", "Small business __knowledge__ Businesses are defined as \"small\" in terms of being able to apply for government support and qualify for preferential tax policy varies depending on the country and industry.", "Small business __knowledge__ Small businesses range from fifteen employees under the Australian \"Fair Work Act 2009\", fifty employees according to the definition used by the European Union, and fewer than five thousand employees, to qualify for many U.S. Small Business Administration programs.", "Maple syrup __knowledge__ Maple syrup is a syrup usually made from the xylem sap of sugar maple, red maple, or black maple trees, although it can also be made from other maple species.", "Maple syrup __knowledge__ In cold climates, these trees store starch in their trunks and roots before the winter; the starch is then converted to sugar that rises in the sap in late winter and early spring.", "Maple syrup __knowledge__ Maple trees are tapped by drilling holes into their trunks and collecting the exuded sap, which is processed by heating to evaporate much of the water, leaving the concentrated syrup.", "Maple syrup __knowledge__ Maple syrup was first collected and used by the indigenous peoples of North America, and the practice was adopted by European settlers, who gradually refined production methods.", "Food grading __knowledge__ Food grading involves the inspection, assessment and sorting of various foods regarding quality, freshness, legal conformity and market value.", "Food grading __knowledge__ Food grading often occurs by hand, in which foods are assessed and sorted.", "Food grading __knowledge__ Machinery is also used to grade foods, and may involve sorting products by size, shape and quality.", "Food grading __knowledge__ For example, machinery can be used to remove spoiled food from fresh product.", "Food grading __knowledge__ Beef grading in the United States is performed by the United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Agricultural and Marketing Service.", "Food grading __knowledge__ There are eight beef quality grades, with U.S. Prime being the highest grade and U.S. Canner being the lowest grade.", "Maple liqueur __knowledge__ Maple liqueur refers to various alcoholic products made from maple syrup, primarily in the Northeast United States and Canada.", "Maple liqueur __knowledge__ It is most commonly made by mixing Canadian rye whiskey and Canadian maple syrup.", "Maple liqueur __knowledge__ Maple liqueur is considered an important cultural beverage in certain Canadian festivals.", "Maple liqueur __knowledge__ In Canadian French, such products are known as \"eau de vie d'érable\".", "Maple liqueur __knowledge__ Maple liqueur is considered to be a traditional part of Canadian cuisine, in part because of its components being Canadian whiskey and Canadian maple syrup.", "Maple liqueur __knowledge__ Both of these components have their own unique history in Canadian cuisine.", "Federation of Quebec Maple Syrup Producers __knowledge__ The Federation of Quebec Maple Syrup Producers () is a government-sanctioned private organization created to unite and support the interest of the maple syrup producers across Quebec.", "Federation of Quebec Maple Syrup Producers __knowledge__ The FPAQ regulates the production and marketing of maple syrup.", "Federation of Quebec Maple Syrup Producers __knowledge__ It plays a role in the collective marketing of maple products and in organizing an effective sale process in and outside the province.", "Federation of Quebec Maple Syrup Producers __knowledge__ FPAQ produces 94% of Canadian maple syrup and 77% of the world's supply.", "Federation of Quebec Maple Syrup Producers __knowledge__ This function has earned its reputation as a cartel.", "Federation of Quebec Maple Syrup Producers __knowledge__ Beginning in 1958, the maple syrup producers of Beauce region in the south of Quebec participated in a joint plan to protect their rights as producers and to collectively market maple syrup.", "Crown Maple Syrup __knowledge__ Crown Maple Syrup is a certified organic maple syrup company based in Dover Plains, NY.", "Crown Maple Syrup __knowledge__ The company was established by Robb Turner in 2010.", "Crown Maple Syrup __knowledge__ The sap used to produce maple syrup comes from tapped maple trees in areas ranging from the Hudson Valley to Western Vermont.", "Crown Maple Syrup __knowledge__ The syrup is processed and bottled at Madava Farms on an 800-acre site. The farm is considered to be the largest maple syrup production facility in North America. The 800-acre piece of land, located on the town borders of Unionvale, Millbrook, and Dover Plains, was farmland during the Civil War.", "Acer saccharum __knowledge__ Acer saccharum, the sugar maple or rock maple, is a species of maple native to the hardwood forests of eastern Canada, from Nova Scotia west through Quebec and southern Ontario to southeastern Manitoba around Lake of the Woods, and the northern parts of the Central and Eastern United States, from Minnesota eastward to the highlands of the eastern states.", "Acer saccharum __knowledge__ Sugar maple is best known for its bright fall foliage and for being the primary source of maple syrup.", "Acer saccharum __knowledge__ \"Acer saccharum\" is a deciduous tree normally reaching heights of , and exceptionally up to .", "Acer saccharum __knowledge__ A 10-year-old tree is typically about tall.", "Acer saccharum __knowledge__ When healthy, the sugar maple can live for over 400 years." ] ]

[ 3, 5, 9, 8, 0 ]

[ "I have always wanted to visit there! I heard the views of Lake Champlain are beautiful from certain areas there.", "You don't hear much about Vermont because it's actually the second smallest state in population!", "I don't doubt it is peaceful, as it is was ranked the safest state in the country as of 2016. It seems like a great place to not only visit, but raise a family.", "That is a good question. Well, Vermont is the leading producer of maple syrup in the United States, so I'm sure there's opportunity for jobs there.", "Yes, certainly not ideal for some people, but anywhere has its pros and cons." ]

[ "Vermont", "Vermont", "Vermont", "Vermont", "Vermont" ]

[ "Toto (band)\nMy favorite band used to be Toto, I simply used to love it!", "That's right! What is your opinion on rock bands in general?", "I think so too, I actually play both electric guitar and bass.", "That's incredible, isn't it. I like string instruments in general, a guitar, piano, base, violin.", "That's cool. I've always had the love for instruments and music." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Toto is an American rock band formed in 1976 in Los Angeles.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ The band's current lineup consists of Joseph Williams (lead vocals), David Paich (keyboards, vocals), Steve Porcaro (keyboards), Steve Lukather (guitars, vocals), plus touring members Lenny Castro (percussion), Warren Ham (saxophone), Shem von Schroeck (bass) and Shannon Forrest (drums).", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Toto is known for a musical style that combines elements of pop, rock, soul, funk, progressive rock, hard rock, R&B, blues, and jazz.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Paich and Jeff Porcaro had played together as session musicians on several albums and decided to form a band.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ David Hungate, Lukather, Steve Porcaro and Bobby Kimball were recruited before the first album release.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ The band enjoyed great commercial success in the late 1970s and 1980s, beginning with the band's eponymous debut released in 1978.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ With the release of the critically acclaimed and commercially successful \"Toto IV\" (1982), Toto became one of the best-selling music groups of their era.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Widely known for the Top 5 hits \"Hold the Line\", \"Rosanna\", and \"Africa\", the makeup of the group continues to evolve.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Hungate left in 1982, followed by Kimball in 1984, but who rejoined the band in 1998 until 2008.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Jeff Porcaro died in 1992 of a heart attack.", "Steve Lukather __knowledge__ Steven Lee Lukather (born October 21, 1957) is an American guitarist, singer, songwriter, arranger and record producer, best known for his work with the rock band Toto.", "Steve Lukather __knowledge__ A prolific session musician, Lukather has recorded guitar tracks for more than 1,500 albums representing a broad array of artists and genres.", "Steve Lukather __knowledge__ He has also contributed to albums and hit singles as a songwriter, arranger and producer.", "Steve Lukather __knowledge__ Lukather has released seven solo albums, the latest of which, \"Transition\", was released in January 2013.", "Steve Lukather __knowledge__ In 1976, when Lukather was nineteen years old, he was invited by his high school friends David Paich and the Porcaro brothers Steve and Jeff to join them in forming their band, Toto.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "Princess Toto __knowledge__ Princess Toto is a three-act comic opera by W. S. Gilbert and his long-time collaborator Frederic Clay.", "Princess Toto __knowledge__ It opened on 24 June 1876 at the Theatre Royal, Nottingham, starring Kate Santley, W. S. Penley and J. H. Ryley.", "Princess Toto __knowledge__ It transferred to the Royal Strand Theatre in London on 2 October 1876 for a run of only 48 performances.", "Princess Toto __knowledge__ Brief New York and Boston runs followed in 1879–80 starring Leonora Braham and Ryley, and there were later tours in the US.", "Princess Toto __knowledge__ \"Princess Toto\" was revived in 1881 at the Opera Comique in London for a run of 65 performances (starring Richard Temple).", "Princess Toto __knowledge__ There was also an 1886 revival in Australia.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ This is a list of \"VeggieTales\" original videos.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ Where's God When I'm S-Scared?", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ was initially released on December 21, 1993 on VHS and was distributed by Word Entertainment on March 1, 1994.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ It features two stories about what to do when you are afraid.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ In the first segment, \"Tales from the Crisper\", Junior Asparagus is watching a scary movie before being told by his mother that he needs to go to bed.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ However, the movie has made him afraid and after imagining that his family in a portrait were frankenstein monsters, Bob and Larry drop in to help.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ After some discussion, the pair comfort Junior in song about how he does not need to be afraid because God is watching out for him and He is bigger than anything.", "Greatest Hits: God's Favorite Band __knowledge__ Greatest Hits: God's Favorite Band is a greatest hits album by the American punk rock band Green Day, released on November 17, 2017.", "Greatest Hits: God's Favorite Band __knowledge__ \"God's Favorite Band\" features 20 of Green Day's previous hits, as well as 2 new songs: a new version of the \"Revolution Radio\" track \"Ordinary World\", featuring country singer Miranda Lambert, and a previously unreleased song entitled \"Back in the USA\".", "Greatest Hits: God's Favorite Band __knowledge__ The album includes songs from all of Green Day's studio albums, with the exception of \"39/Smooth\", \"¡Dos!", "Greatest Hits: God's Favorite Band __knowledge__ \", and \"¡Tré!\".", "Greatest Hits: God's Favorite Band __knowledge__ 10 of the tracks previously appeared on Green Day's 2001 greatest hits album \"International Superhits!\"", "List of Oz characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the original sequel Oz books by American author L. Frank Baum, and in the later continued Oz series by his grandson Roger S. Baum, Ruth Plumly Thompson, John R. Neill, Jack Snow, Rachel Cosgrove Payes, Eloise Jarvis McGraw and Lauren McGraw, Dick Martin, Eric Shanower, and Sherwood Smith.", "List of Oz characters __knowledge__ Characters from Gregory Maguire's \"Wicked\" are not included, as his works, among others such as the work of March Laumer, are considered \"heretical\" in Baum scholarship (The term \"heretical\" was first applied to these books by Dr. Stephen J. Teller of Pittsburg State University in the Winter 1988 issue of \"The Baum Bugle\" and appears regularly in Oz fandom)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Toto is an American rock band formed in 1976 in Los Angeles.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ The band's current lineup consists of Joseph Williams (lead vocals), David Paich (keyboards, vocals), Steve Porcaro (keyboards), Steve Lukather (guitars, vocals), plus touring members Lenny Castro (percussion), Warren Ham (saxophone), Shem von Schroeck (bass) and Shannon Forrest (drums).", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Toto is known for a musical style that combines elements of pop, rock, soul, funk, progressive rock, hard rock, R&B, blues, and jazz.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Paich and Jeff Porcaro had played together as session musicians on several albums and decided to form a band.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ David Hungate, Lukather, Steve Porcaro and Bobby Kimball were recruited before the first album release.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ The band enjoyed great commercial success in the late 1970s and 1980s, beginning with the band's eponymous debut released in 1978.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ With the release of the critically acclaimed and commercially successful \"Toto IV\" (1982), Toto became one of the best-selling music groups of their era.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Widely known for the Top 5 hits \"Hold the Line\", \"Rosanna\", and \"Africa\", the makeup of the group continues to evolve.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Hungate left in 1982, followed by Kimball in 1984, but who rejoined the band in 1998 until 2008.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Jeff Porcaro died in 1992 of a heart attack.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Serbian rock is the rock music scene of Serbia.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ During the 1960s, 1970s and the 1980s, while Serbia was a constituent republic of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Serbian rock scene was a part of the SFR Yugoslav rock scene.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was not an Eastern Bloc country, but a member of the Non-Aligned Movement and as such, it was far more opened to the Western culture comparing to the other socialist countries.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll reached Yugoslavia via foreign radio stations, most notably Radio Luxemburg, and rock and roll records, brought in from the West.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll influences reached schlager singers, most notably Đorđe Marjanović, who released the first popular music solo album in Serbia, in 1959.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "Progressive rock __knowledge__ Progressive rock (shortened as prog; sometimes called art rock, classical rock or symphonic rock) is a broad subgenre of rock music that developed in the United Kingdom and United States throughout the mid to late 1960s.", "Progressive rock __knowledge__ Initially termed \"progressive pop\", the style was an outgrowth of psychedelic bands who abandoned standard pop traditions in favour of instrumentation and compositional techniques more frequently associated with jazz, folk, or classical music.", "Progressive rock __knowledge__ Additional elements contributed to its \"progressive\" label: lyrics were more poetic, technology was harnessed for new sounds, music approached the condition of \"art\" and the studio, rather than the stage, became the focus of musical activity, which often involved creating music for listening, not dancing.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.", "Rock music __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ Folk rock is a music genre combining elements of folk music and rock music.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ In its earliest and narrowest sense, the term referred to a genre that arose in the United States and the United Kingdom around the mid-1960s.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The genre emerged from bands such as the Beatles, the Searchers, and the Animals in the UK, and Bob Dylan and the Byrds in the US, who played traditional folk music and songs with rock instrumentation.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The term \"folk rock\" is first noted as being used by the U.S. music press in June 1965 to describe the Byrds' music; the band's debut album was released the same month.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The commercial success of the Byrds' 1965 cover version of Dylan's \"Mr. Tambourine Man\", along with Dylan's own recordings with rock instrumentation—on the albums \"Bringing It All Back Home\" (1965), \"Highway 61 Revisited\" (1965), and \"Blonde on Blonde\" (1966)—encouraged the creation of folk rock groups in the mid-1960s.", "J-rock __knowledge__ , sometimes abbreviated to , is rock music from Japan.", "J-rock __knowledge__ Influenced by American and British rock of the 1960s, the first rock bands in Japan performed what is called Group Sounds, with lyrics almost exclusively in English.", "J-rock __knowledge__ Folk rock band Happy End in the early 1970s are credited as the first to sing rock music in the Japanese language.", "J-rock __knowledge__ Punk rock band the Blue Hearts and heavy metal group X Japan, led Japanese rock bands in the late 1980s and early 1990s by achieving major mainstream success.", "J-rock __knowledge__ Japanese rock music has become a cult worldwide, being widely known in Asia and has survived through decades competing with its contemporary derivative local style J-pop.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ Argentine rock (locally Rock nacional) is rock music composed or performed by Argentine bands or artists mostly in Spanish.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ \"Argentine rock\" began recycling hits of English-language rock & roll.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ However a rising trend of composing new songs mostly in Spanish can be traced at late 1960s, when several garage groups and aspiring musicians began composing songs and lyrics that related to local social and musical themes.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ Since then, Argentine rock started a continued and uninterrupted evolution through the 1970s and into the 1980s, being widely considered one of the most prolific and successful forms of Rock en Español, and one of the most important non-English language forms of rock music in the world.", "Music of California __knowledge__ In the United States, California is commonly associated with the film, music, and arts industries; there are numerous world-famous Californian musicians.", "Music of California __knowledge__ Hardcore punk, hip hop, country, and heavy metal have all appeared in California.", "Music of California __knowledge__ Furthermore, new genres of music, such as surf rock and third wave ska, have their origins in California.", "Music of California __knowledge__ The official state song of California is \"I Love You, California\", written by F. B. Silverwood and composed by Alfred F. Frankenstein of the Los Angeles Symphony Orchestra.", "Music of California __knowledge__ It was designated the state song in 1951.", "Music of California __knowledge__ Other songs, including \"California, Here I Come\", have also been candidates for additional state songs since 1951, but in 1988 the official standing of \"I Love You, California\" was confirmed.", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Queen are a British rock band that formed in London in 1970.", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Their classic line-up was Freddie Mercury (lead vocals, piano), Brian May (lead guitar, vocals), Roger Taylor (drums, vocals), and John Deacon (bass guitar).", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Queen's earliest works were influenced by progressive rock, hard rock and heavy metal, but the band gradually ventured into more conventional and radio-friendly works by incorporating further styles, such as arena rock and pop rock, into their music.", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Before forming Queen, Brian May and Roger Taylor had played together in Smile.", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Mercury, then known by his birth name, Farrokh \"Freddie\" Bulsara, was a fan of Smile and encouraged them to experiment with more elaborate stage and recording techniques.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Rock Band is a series of music video games developed by Harmonix and MTV Games, and distributed by Electronic Arts for the Nintendo DS, iOS, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, PSP, Wii, Xbox One and Xbox 360 game systems.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ The series, inspired by Harmonix's previous efforts on the \"Guitar Hero\" series, allows up to four players to simulate the performance of popular rock music songs by playing with controllers modeled after musical instruments.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Players can play the lead guitar, bass guitar, keyboard, and drums parts to songs, as well as sing into a USB microphone.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Players are scored on their ability to match scrolling musical notes while playing instruments, and by their ability to match the singer's pitch on vocals.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are an American funk rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ The group's musical style primarily consists of rock with an emphasis on funk, as well as elements from other genres such as punk rock and psychedelic rock.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ When played live, their music incorporates elements of jam band due to the improvised nature of many of their performances.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Currently, the band consists of founding members vocalist/rhythm guitarist Anthony Kiedis and bassist Flea, longtime drummer Chad Smith, and former touring guitarist Josh Klinghoffer.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are one of the best-selling bands of all time with over 80 million records sold worldwide, have been nominated for sixteen Grammy Awards, of which they have won six, and are the most successful band in alternative rock radio history, currently holding the records for most number-one singles (13), most cumulative weeks at number one (85) and most top-ten songs (25) on the \"Billboard\" Alternative Songs chart." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Toto is an American rock band formed in 1976 in Los Angeles.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ The band's current lineup consists of Joseph Williams (lead vocals), David Paich (keyboards, vocals), Steve Porcaro (keyboards), Steve Lukather (guitars, vocals), plus touring members Lenny Castro (percussion), Warren Ham (saxophone), Shem von Schroeck (bass) and Shannon Forrest (drums).", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Toto is known for a musical style that combines elements of pop, rock, soul, funk, progressive rock, hard rock, R&B, blues, and jazz.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Paich and Jeff Porcaro had played together as session musicians on several albums and decided to form a band.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ David Hungate, Lukather, Steve Porcaro and Bobby Kimball were recruited before the first album release.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ The band enjoyed great commercial success in the late 1970s and 1980s, beginning with the band's eponymous debut released in 1978.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ With the release of the critically acclaimed and commercially successful \"Toto IV\" (1982), Toto became one of the best-selling music groups of their era.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Widely known for the Top 5 hits \"Hold the Line\", \"Rosanna\", and \"Africa\", the makeup of the group continues to evolve.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Hungate left in 1982, followed by Kimball in 1984, but who rejoined the band in 1998 until 2008.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Jeff Porcaro died in 1992 of a heart attack.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ A bass amplifier or \"bass amp\" is a musical instrument electronic device that uses electrical power to make lower-pitched instruments such as the bass guitar or double bass loud enough to be heard by the performers and audience.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ Bass amps typically consist of a preamplifier, tone controls, a power amplifier and one or more loudspeakers (\"drivers\") in a cabinet.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ While bass amps share many features with the guitar amplifiers used for electric guitar, such as providing an amplifier with tone and volume controls and a carrying handle, they are distinct from other types of amplification systems, due to the particular challenges associated with low-frequency sound reproduction.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar (also known as electric bass, or bass) is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb, by plucking, slapping, popping, strumming, tapping, thumping, or picking with a plectrum, often known as a pick.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to an electric guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length, and four to six strings or courses.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The four-string bass, by far the most common, is usually tuned the same as the double bass, which corresponds to pitches one octave lower than the four lowest pitched strings of a guitar (E, A, D, and G).", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is a transposing instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ An effects unit or pedal is an electronic or digital device that alters how a musical instrument or other audio source sounds.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ In the 2010s, most effects use solid-state electronics and/or computer chips.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ Some vintage effects units from the 1930s to the 1970s and modern reissues of these effects use mechanical components as well (e.g., Leslie rotating speaker, spring reverb, and tape recorder-based echo effects) or vacuum tubes.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ Some effects subtly \"color\" a sound, such as a reverb unit used on a low setting, while others transform it dramatically, such as a distortion pedal used with electric guitar, with the overdrive set to its maximum level.", "Guitar amplifier __knowledge__ A guitar amplifier (or amp) is an electronic device or system that strengthens the weak electrical signal from a pickup on an electric guitar, bass guitar, or acoustic guitar so that it can produce sound through one or more loudspeakers, which are typically housed in a wooden cabinet.", "Guitar amplifier __knowledge__ A guitar amplifier may be a standalone wood or metal cabinet that contains only the power amplifier (and preamplifier) circuits, requiring the use of a separate speaker cabinet–or it may be a \"combo\" amplifier, which contains both the amplifier and one or more speakers in a wooden cabinet.", "Guitar amplifier __knowledge__ There is a wide range of sizes and power ratings for guitar amplifiers, from small, lightweight \"practice amplifiers\" with a single 6\" speaker to heavy combo amps with four 10” or four 12\" speakers and a powerful amplifier, which are loud enough to use in a nightclub or bar performance.", "Music technology (electric) __knowledge__ Electric music technology refers to musical instruments and recording devices that use electrical circuits, which are often combined with mechanical technologies.", "Music technology (electric) __knowledge__ Examples of electric musical instruments include the electro-mechanical electric piano (invented in 1929), the electric guitar (invented in 1931), the electro-mechanical Hammond organ (developed in 1934) and the electric bass (invented in 1935).", "Music technology (electric) __knowledge__ All of these electric instruments do not produce a sound that is audible by the performer or audience in a performance setting unless they are connected to instrument amplifiers and loudspeaker cabinets, which made them sound loud enough for performers and the audience to hear.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge (sometimes referred to as the Seattle sound) is a subgenre of alternative rock and a subculture that emerged during the in the Pacific Northwest U.S. state of Washington, particularly in Seattle and nearby towns.", "Grunge __knowledge__ The early grunge movement revolved around Seattle's independent record label Sub Pop and that region's underground music scene.", "Grunge __knowledge__ By the early 1990s its popularity had spread, with grunge bands appearing in California, then emerging in other parts of the United States and in Australia, building strong followings and signing major record deals.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge was commercially successful in the early–mid 1990s, due to releases such as Nirvana's \"Nevermind\", Pearl Jam's \"Ten\", Soundgarden's \"Superunknown\", Alice in Chains' \"Dirt\" and Stone Temple Pilots' \"Core\".", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.", "Rock music __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ Folk rock is a music genre combining elements of folk music and rock music.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ In its earliest and narrowest sense, the term referred to a genre that arose in the United States and the United Kingdom around the mid-1960s.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The genre emerged from bands such as the Beatles, the Searchers, and the Animals in the UK, and Bob Dylan and the Byrds in the US, who played traditional folk music and songs with rock instrumentation.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The term \"folk rock\" is first noted as being used by the U.S. music press in June 1965 to describe the Byrds' music; the band's debut album was released the same month.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The commercial success of the Byrds' 1965 cover version of Dylan's \"Mr. Tambourine Man\", along with Dylan's own recordings with rock instrumentation—on the albums \"Bringing It All Back Home\" (1965), \"Highway 61 Revisited\" (1965), and \"Blonde on Blonde\" (1966)—encouraged the creation of folk rock groups in the mid-1960s.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Toto is an American rock band formed in 1976 in Los Angeles.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ The band's current lineup consists of Joseph Williams (lead vocals), David Paich (keyboards, vocals), Steve Porcaro (keyboards), Steve Lukather (guitars, vocals), plus touring members Lenny Castro (percussion), Warren Ham (saxophone), Shem von Schroeck (bass) and Shannon Forrest (drums).", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Toto is known for a musical style that combines elements of pop, rock, soul, funk, progressive rock, hard rock, R&B, blues, and jazz.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Paich and Jeff Porcaro had played together as session musicians on several albums and decided to form a band.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ David Hungate, Lukather, Steve Porcaro and Bobby Kimball were recruited before the first album release.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ The band enjoyed great commercial success in the late 1970s and 1980s, beginning with the band's eponymous debut released in 1978.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ With the release of the critically acclaimed and commercially successful \"Toto IV\" (1982), Toto became one of the best-selling music groups of their era.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Widely known for the Top 5 hits \"Hold the Line\", \"Rosanna\", and \"Africa\", the makeup of the group continues to evolve.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Hungate left in 1982, followed by Kimball in 1984, but who rejoined the band in 1998 until 2008.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Jeff Porcaro died in 1992 of a heart attack.", "String instrument __knowledge__ String instruments, stringed instruments, or chordophones are musical instruments that produce sound from vibrating strings when the performer plays or sounds the strings in some manner.", "String instrument __knowledge__ Musicians play some string instruments by plucking the strings with their fingers or a plectrum—and others by hitting the strings with a light wooden hammer or by rubbing the strings with a bow.", "String instrument __knowledge__ In some keyboard instruments, such as the harpsichord , the musician presses a key that plucks the string.", "String instrument __knowledge__ With bowed instruments, the player rubs the strings with a horsehair bow, causing them to vibrate.", "String instrument __knowledge__ With a hurdy-gurdy, the musician operates a mechanical wheel that rubs the strings.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass, or simply the bass (and numerous other names), is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra.", "Double bass __knowledge__ It is a transposing instrument and is typically notated one octave higher than tuned to avoid excessive ledger lines below the staff.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass is the only modern bowed string instrument that is tuned in fourths (like a viol), rather than fifths, with strings usually tuned to E, A, D and G. The instrument's exact lineage is still a matter of some debate, with scholars divided on whether the bass is derived from the viol or the violin family.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ The music of Cuba, including its instruments, performance and dance, comprises a large set of unique traditions influenced mostly by west African and European (especially Spanish) music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Due to the syncretic nature of most of its genres, Cuban music is often considered one of the richest and most influential regional musics of the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ For instance, the son cubano merges an adapted Spanish guitar (tres), melody, harmony, and lyrical traditions with Afro-Cuban percussion and rhythms.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Almost nothing remains of the original native traditions, since the native population was exterminated in the 16th century.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ A mandolin ( ; literally \"small mandola\") is a stringed musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum or \"pick\".", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ The courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It is the soprano member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello and mandobass.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ There are many styles of mandolin, but three are common, the \"Neapolitan\" or \"round-backed\" mandolin, the \"carved-top\" mandolin and the \"flat-backed\" mandolin.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin, also known informally as a fiddle, is a wooden string instrument in the violin family.", "Violin __knowledge__ Most violins have a hollow wooden body.", "Violin __knowledge__ It is the smallest and highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use.", "Violin __knowledge__ Smaller violin-type instruments are known, including the violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually unused.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin typically has four strings tuned in perfect fifths, and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings, though it can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato) and by striking the strings with the wooden side of the bow (col legno).", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar (also known as electric bass, or bass) is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb, by plucking, slapping, popping, strumming, tapping, thumping, or picking with a plectrum, often known as a pick.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to an electric guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length, and four to six strings or courses.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The four-string bass, by far the most common, is usually tuned the same as the double bass, which corresponds to pitches one octave lower than the four lowest pitched strings of a guitar (E, A, D, and G).", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is a transposing instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ An effects unit or pedal is an electronic or digital device that alters how a musical instrument or other audio source sounds.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ In the 2010s, most effects use solid-state electronics and/or computer chips.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ Some vintage effects units from the 1930s to the 1970s and modern reissues of these effects use mechanical components as well (e.g., Leslie rotating speaker, spring reverb, and tape recorder-based echo effects) or vacuum tubes.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ Some effects subtly \"color\" a sound, such as a reverb unit used on a low setting, while others transform it dramatically, such as a distortion pedal used with electric guitar, with the overdrive set to its maximum level.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ A bass amplifier or \"bass amp\" is a musical instrument electronic device that uses electrical power to make lower-pitched instruments such as the bass guitar or double bass loud enough to be heard by the performers and audience.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ Bass amps typically consist of a preamplifier, tone controls, a power amplifier and one or more loudspeakers (\"drivers\") in a cabinet.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ While bass amps share many features with the guitar amplifiers used for electric guitar, such as providing an amplifier with tone and volume controls and a carrying handle, they are distinct from other types of amplification systems, due to the particular challenges associated with low-frequency sound reproduction.", "Music technology (electric) __knowledge__ Electric music technology refers to musical instruments and recording devices that use electrical circuits, which are often combined with mechanical technologies.", "Music technology (electric) __knowledge__ Examples of electric musical instruments include the electro-mechanical electric piano (invented in 1929), the electric guitar (invented in 1931), the electro-mechanical Hammond organ (developed in 1934) and the electric bass (invented in 1935).", "Music technology (electric) __knowledge__ All of these electric instruments do not produce a sound that is audible by the performer or audience in a performance setting unless they are connected to instrument amplifiers and loudspeaker cabinets, which made them sound loud enough for performers and the audience to hear.", "Sound reinforcement system __knowledge__ A sound reinforcement system is the combination of microphones, signal processors, amplifiers, and loudspeakers in enclosures all controlled by a mixing console that makes live or pre-recorded sounds louder and may also distribute those sounds to a larger or more distant audience.", "Sound reinforcement system __knowledge__ In many situations, a sound reinforcement system is also used to enhance or alter the sound of the sources on the stage, typically by using electronic effects, such as reverb, as opposed to simply amplifying the sources unaltered.", "Sound reinforcement system __knowledge__ A sound reinforcement system for a rock concert in a stadium may be very complex, including hundreds of microphones, complex live sound mixing and signal processing systems, tens of thousands of watts of amplifier power, and multiple loudspeaker arrays, all overseen by a team of audio engineers and technicians.", "Music technology __knowledge__ Music technology is the use of any device, mechanism, machine or tool by a musician or composer to make or perform music; to compose, notate, play back or record songs or pieces; or to analyze or edit music.", "Music technology __knowledge__ The earliest known applications of technology to music was prehistoric peoples' use of a tool to hand-drill holes in bones to make simple flutes.", "Music technology __knowledge__ Ancient Egyptians developed stringed instruments, such as harps, lyres and lutes, which required making thin strings and some type of peg system for adjusting the pitch of the strings.", "Music technology __knowledge__ Ancient Egyptians also used wind instruments such as double clarinets and percussion instruments such as cymbals." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Toto is an American rock band formed in 1976 in Los Angeles.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ The band's current lineup consists of Joseph Williams (lead vocals), David Paich (keyboards, vocals), Steve Porcaro (keyboards), Steve Lukather (guitars, vocals), plus touring members Lenny Castro (percussion), Warren Ham (saxophone), Shem von Schroeck (bass) and Shannon Forrest (drums).", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Toto is known for a musical style that combines elements of pop, rock, soul, funk, progressive rock, hard rock, R&B, blues, and jazz.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Paich and Jeff Porcaro had played together as session musicians on several albums and decided to form a band.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ David Hungate, Lukather, Steve Porcaro and Bobby Kimball were recruited before the first album release.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ The band enjoyed great commercial success in the late 1970s and 1980s, beginning with the band's eponymous debut released in 1978.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ With the release of the critically acclaimed and commercially successful \"Toto IV\" (1982), Toto became one of the best-selling music groups of their era.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Widely known for the Top 5 hits \"Hold the Line\", \"Rosanna\", and \"Africa\", the makeup of the group continues to evolve.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Hungate left in 1982, followed by Kimball in 1984, but who rejoined the band in 1998 until 2008.", "Toto (band) __knowledge__ Jeff Porcaro died in 1992 of a heart attack.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is seen by many as 'America's classical music'.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Since the 1920s Jazz Age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression.", "Jazz __knowledge__ It then emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African-American and European-American musical parentage with a performance orientation.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Cool (Gwen Stefani song) __knowledge__ \"Cool\" is a song by American singer Gwen Stefani from her debut solo studio album, \"Love.", "Cool (Gwen Stefani song) __knowledge__ Angel.", "Cool (Gwen Stefani song) __knowledge__ Music.", "Cool (Gwen Stefani song) __knowledge__ Baby.\"", "Cool (Gwen Stefani song) __knowledge__ (2004).", "Cool (Gwen Stefani song) __knowledge__ Written by Stefani and Dallas Austin, the song was released on July 5, 2005 as the album's fourth single.", "Cool (Gwen Stefani song) __knowledge__ It was written by Austin basing the song on No Doubt's \"Simple Kind of Life\", but he did not finish it.", "Cool (Gwen Stefani song) __knowledge__ He then asked for help from Stefani, and they finished the song in 15 minutes.", "Cool (Gwen Stefani song) __knowledge__ The single's musical style and production were inspired by synth-pop and new wave arrangements from the 1980s, and its lyrics chronicle a relationship in which two lovers have separated, but remain \"cool\" with each other as good friends.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ A musical instrument is an instrument created or adapted to make musical sounds.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ In principle, any object that produces sound can be considered a musical instrument—it is through purpose that the object becomes a musical instrument.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ The history of musical instruments dates to the beginnings of human culture.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Early musical instruments may have been used for ritual, such as a trumpet to signal success on the hunt, or a drum in a religious ceremony.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Cultures eventually developed composition and performance of melodies for entertainment.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Musical instruments evolved in step with changing applications.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ The music of Cuba, including its instruments, performance and dance, comprises a large set of unique traditions influenced mostly by west African and European (especially Spanish) music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Due to the syncretic nature of most of its genres, Cuban music is often considered one of the richest and most influential regional musics of the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ For instance, the son cubano merges an adapted Spanish guitar (tres), melody, harmony, and lyrical traditions with Afro-Cuban percussion and rhythms.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Almost nothing remains of the original native traditions, since the native population was exterminated in the 16th century.", "String instrument __knowledge__ String instruments, stringed instruments, or chordophones are musical instruments that produce sound from vibrating strings when the performer plays or sounds the strings in some manner.", "String instrument __knowledge__ Musicians play some string instruments by plucking the strings with their fingers or a plectrum—and others by hitting the strings with a light wooden hammer or by rubbing the strings with a bow.", "String instrument __knowledge__ In some keyboard instruments, such as the harpsichord , the musician presses a key that plucks the string.", "String instrument __knowledge__ With bowed instruments, the player rubs the strings with a horsehair bow, causing them to vibrate.", "String instrument __knowledge__ With a hurdy-gurdy, the musician operates a mechanical wheel that rubs the strings.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass, or simply the bass (and numerous other names), is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra.", "Double bass __knowledge__ It is a transposing instrument and is typically notated one octave higher than tuned to avoid excessive ledger lines below the staff.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass is the only modern bowed string instrument that is tuned in fourths (like a viol), rather than fifths, with strings usually tuned to E, A, D and G. The instrument's exact lineage is still a matter of some debate, with scholars divided on whether the bass is derived from the viol or the violin family.", "Seven-string guitar __knowledge__ The seven-string guitar adds one additional string to the more common six-string guitar, commonly used to extend the bass range (usually a low B) or also to extend the treble range.", "Seven-string guitar __knowledge__ The additional string is added in one of two different ways: by increasing the width of the fingerboard such that the additional string may be fretted by the left hand; or, by leaving the fingerboard unchanged and adding a \"floating\" bass string.", "Seven-string guitar __knowledge__ In the latter case, the extra bass string lies next to the existing bass strings, but free of the fingerboard in similar fashion as the archlute and theorbo.", "Seven-string guitar __knowledge__ Such unfrettable bass strings were historically known as diapasons or bourdons.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ A mandolin ( ; literally \"small mandola\") is a stringed musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum or \"pick\".", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ The courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It is the soprano member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello and mandobass.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ There are many styles of mandolin, but three are common, the \"Neapolitan\" or \"round-backed\" mandolin, the \"carved-top\" mandolin and the \"flat-backed\" mandolin.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar (also known as electric bass, or bass) is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb, by plucking, slapping, popping, strumming, tapping, thumping, or picking with a plectrum, often known as a pick.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to an electric guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length, and four to six strings or courses.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The four-string bass, by far the most common, is usually tuned the same as the double bass, which corresponds to pitches one octave lower than the four lowest pitched strings of a guitar (E, A, D, and G).", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is a transposing instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin, also known informally as a fiddle, is a wooden string instrument in the violin family.", "Violin __knowledge__ Most violins have a hollow wooden body.", "Violin __knowledge__ It is the smallest and highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use.", "Violin __knowledge__ Smaller violin-type instruments are known, including the violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually unused.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin typically has four strings tuned in perfect fifths, and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings, though it can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato) and by striking the strings with the wooden side of the bow (col legno).", "Chinese orchestra __knowledge__ The term Chinese orchestra is most commonly used to refer to the modern Chinese orchestra that is found in China and various overseas Chinese communities.", "Chinese orchestra __knowledge__ This modern Chinese orchestra first developed out of Jiangnan sizhu ensemble in the 1920s into a form that is based on the structure and principles of a Western symphony orchestra but using Chinese instruments.", "Chinese orchestra __knowledge__ The orchestra is divided into four sections - wind, plucked strings, bow strings, and percussion, and usually performs modernized traditional music called \"guoyue\".", "Chinese orchestra __knowledge__ The orchestra may be referred to as \"Minzu Yuetuan\" or \"Minzu Yuedui\" in mainland China, \"Zhongyuetuan\" in Hong Kong, \"Huayuetuan\" in South East Asia, or \"Guoyuetuan\" in Taiwan, all meaning Chinese orchestra." ] ]

[ 1, 0, 18, 0, 4 ]

[ "I love that rock band, they started in Los Angeles in the 1970s.", "I love rock bands, the electric guitar and bass are fun!", "I love how the sound of the electric guitar is an electric signal that one can electronically change!", "Me too! Most of the guys I date play string instruments. ", "I love the history of the band Toto where two of the members had played together and then decided to start a band. " ]

[ "Toto (band)", "Toto (band)", "Toto (band)", "Toto (band)", "Toto (band)" ]

[ "Vikings\nHello. I am a viking.", "I am! I am from Norway.", "Thanks! I speak Norwegian. ", "Absolutely. My goal is to someday travel around the world in a sailboat." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vikings __knowledge__ Vikings (Old English: \"wicing\"—\"pirate\", Danish and ; Swedish and ; , from Old Norse) were Norse seafarers, mainly speaking the Old Norse language, who raided and traded from their Northern European homelands across wide areas of northern, central, eastern and western Europe, during the late 8th to late 11th centuries.", "Vikings __knowledge__ The term is also commonly extended in modern English and other vernaculars to the inhabitants of Viking home communities during what has become known as the Viking Age.", "Vikings __knowledge__ This period of Nordic military, mercantile and demographic expansion constitutes an important element in the early medieval history of Scandinavia, Estonia, the British Isles, France, Kievan Rus' and Sicily.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Facilitated by advanced sailing and navigational skills, and characterised by the longship, Viking activities at times also extended into the Mediterranean littoral, North Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Following extended phases of (primarily sea- or river-borne) exploration, expansion and settlement, Viking (Norse) communities and polities were established in diverse areas of north-western Europe, European Russia, the North Atlantic islands and as far as the north-eastern coast of North America.", "Viking metal __knowledge__ Viking metal is a style of heavy metal music characterized by a lyrical and thematic focus on Norse mythology, Norse paganism, and the Viking Age.", "Viking metal __knowledge__ Viking metal is quite diverse as a musical style, to the point where some consider it more a cross-genre term than a genre, but it is typically seen as black metal with influences from Nordic folk music.", "Viking metal __knowledge__ Common traits include a slow-paced and heavy riffing style, anthemic choruses, use of both sung and harsh vocals, a reliance on folk instrumentation, and often the use of keyboards for atmospheric effect.", "Viking metal __knowledge__ Viking metal emerged from black metal during the late 1980s and early 1990s, sharing with black metal an opposition to Christianity, but rejecting Satanism and occult themes in favor of the Vikings and paganism.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ In 1997, Japanese rock group Sharam Q, fronted by Tsunku, began auditions for a female vocalist.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ These auditions aired via the reality show Asayan, and resulted in Michiyo Heike being crowned winner.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Tsunku, however, decided to give five of the runners-up, Yuko Nakazawa, Natsumi Abe, Kaori Iida, Asuka Fukuda and Aya Ishiguro, a chance to become a group in their own right.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls were set the task of selling 50,000 copies of their demo single \"Ai no Tane,\" in just five days.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls sold the required number of copies in four days, and subsequently became an official group.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Morning Musume's debut single, \"Morning Coffee,\" was released on January 28, 1998 on the One Up Music label and charted at #6 on the Oricon weekly chart.", "Viking Age __knowledge__ The Viking Age is the period from the late eighth century to the mid-11th century in European history, especially Northern European and Scandinavian history, following the Germanic Iron Age.", "Viking Age __knowledge__ It is the period of history when Scandinavian Norsemen explored Europe by its seas and rivers for trade, raids, colonization, and conquest.", "Viking Age __knowledge__ In this period, the Norsemen settled in Norse Greenland, Newfoundland, and present-day Faroe Islands, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Scotland, England, Ireland, the Netherlands, Germany, Ukraine, Russia, and Turkey.", "Viking Age __knowledge__ Viking travellers and colonists were seen at many points in history as brutal raiders.", "Viking expansion __knowledge__ Viking expansion is the process by which the Vikings sailed most of the North Atlantic, reaching south to North Africa and east to Russia, Constantinople and the Middle East as looters, traders, colonists and mercenaries.", "Viking expansion __knowledge__ Vikings under Leif Ericsson, the heir to Erik the Red, reached North America and set up a short-lived settlement in present-day L'Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.", "Viking expansion __knowledge__ Longer and more established settlements were formed in Greenland, Iceland, Great Britain and Normandy.", "Viking expansion __knowledge__ There is much debate among historians about what drove the Viking expansion.", "Viking expansion __knowledge__ One widely held idea is that it was a quest for retaliation against continental Europeans for their previous invasions of Viking homelands, such as Charlemagne's campaign to force Scandinavian pagans to convert to Christianity by killing any who refused to become baptized." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vikings __knowledge__ Vikings (Old English: \"wicing\"—\"pirate\", Danish and ; Swedish and ; , from Old Norse) were Norse seafarers, mainly speaking the Old Norse language, who raided and traded from their Northern European homelands across wide areas of northern, central, eastern and western Europe, during the late 8th to late 11th centuries.", "Vikings __knowledge__ The term is also commonly extended in modern English and other vernaculars to the inhabitants of Viking home communities during what has become known as the Viking Age.", "Vikings __knowledge__ This period of Nordic military, mercantile and demographic expansion constitutes an important element in the early medieval history of Scandinavia, Estonia, the British Isles, France, Kievan Rus' and Sicily.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Facilitated by advanced sailing and navigational skills, and characterised by the longship, Viking activities at times also extended into the Mediterranean littoral, North Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Following extended phases of (primarily sea- or river-borne) exploration, expansion and settlement, Viking (Norse) communities and polities were established in diverse areas of north-western Europe, European Russia, the North Atlantic islands and as far as the north-eastern coast of North America.", "Norway __knowledge__ Norway ( ; Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); ), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a sovereign state and unitary monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the remote island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard.", "Norway __knowledge__ The Antarctic Peter I Island and the sub-Antarctic Bouvet Island are dependent territories and thus not considered part of the Kingdom.", "Norway __knowledge__ Norway also lays claim to a section of Antarctica known as Queen Maud Land.", "Norway __knowledge__ Until 1814, the kingdom included the Faroe Islands, Greenland, and Iceland.", "Norway __knowledge__ It also included Bohuslän until 1658, Jämtland and Härjedalen until 1645, Shetland and Orkney until 1468, and the Hebrides and Isle of Man until 1266.", "History of the Norway national football team __knowledge__ An Olympic team achieved third place in the 1936 Olympics, after beating the hosts Germany earlier in the tournament.", "History of the Norway national football team __knowledge__ Norway had their most successful period from 1990 to 1998 under the legendary coach Egil \"Drillo\" Olsen.", "History of the Norway national football team __knowledge__ Together with a rising quality in Norwegian players, Olsen is given much of the credit for taking Norway's national team from obscurity and turning them into a dreaded opponent, respected around the world .", "History of the Norway national football team __knowledge__ At its height in the mid-90s the team was even ranked second on the FIFA World Rankings.", "History of the Norway national football team __knowledge__ Olsen started his training career with Norway with a 6–1 home victory against Cameroon on 31 October 1990 and ended it on 27 June 1998 after a 0–1 defeat against Italy in the second stage of the 1998 FIFA World Cup.", "Aristocracy of Norway __knowledge__ Aristocracy of Norway refers to modern and medieval aristocracy in Norway.", "Aristocracy of Norway __knowledge__ Additionally, there have been economical, political, and military élites that—relating to the main lines of Norway's history—are generally accepted as nominal predecessors of the aforementioned.", "Aristocracy of Norway __knowledge__ Since the 16th century, modern aristocracy is known as nobility ().", "Aristocracy of Norway __knowledge__ The very first aristocracy in today's Norway appeared during the Bronze Age (c. 1800 BCc.", "Aristocracy of Norway __knowledge__ 500 BC).", "Aristocracy of Norway __knowledge__ This bronze aristocracy consisted of several regional élites, whose earliest known existence dates to c. 1500 BC.", "Aristocracy of Norway __knowledge__ Via similar structures in the Iron Age (c. 400 BCc.", "Union between Sweden and Norway __knowledge__ Sweden and Norway or Sweden–Norway (; ), officially the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway, or as the United Kingdoms, was a personal union of the separate kingdoms of Sweden and Norway under a common monarch and common foreign policy that lasted from 1814 until its amicable and peaceful dissolution in 1905.", "Union between Sweden and Norway __knowledge__ The two states kept separate constitutions, laws, legislatures, administrations, state churches, armed forces, and currencies; the kings mostly resided in Stockholm, where foreign diplomatic representations were located.", "Union between Sweden and Norway __knowledge__ The Norwegian government was presided over by viceroys: Swedes until 1829, Norwegians until 1856.", "Western Norway __knowledge__ Western Norway () is the region along the Atlantic coast of southern Norway.", "Western Norway __knowledge__ It consists of the counties Rogaland, Hordaland, Sogn og Fjordane, and Møre og Romsdal.", "Western Norway __knowledge__ The region has a population of approximately 1.3 million people.", "Western Norway __knowledge__ The largest city is Bergen and the second-largest is Stavanger.", "Western Norway __knowledge__ Historically the regions of Agder, Vest-Telemark, Hallingdal, Valdres and northern parts of Gudbrandsdal have been included in Western Norway.", "Western Norway __knowledge__ Western Norway, as well as other parts of historical regions of Norway, shares a common history with Denmark, the Faroe Islands and Iceland and to a lesser extent the Netherlands and Britain.", "Hereditary Kingdom of Norway __knowledge__ The Kingdom of Norway as a unified realm was initiated by King Harald I Fairhair in the 9th century.", "Hereditary Kingdom of Norway __knowledge__ His efforts in unifying the petty kingdoms of Norway resulted in the first known Norwegian central government.", "Hereditary Kingdom of Norway __knowledge__ The country however fragmented soon, and was collected into one entity in the first half of the 11th century.", "Hereditary Kingdom of Norway __knowledge__ Norway has been a monarchy since then, passing through several eras.", "Hereditary Kingdom of Norway __knowledge__ Thus was born the medieval (or, as is sometimes said, the first independent) kingdom of Norway, the realm of the Fairhair dynasty.", "Hereditary Kingdom of Norway __knowledge__ According to the traditional view, Norway was the hereditary kingdom of the 'Fairhair' dynasty, agnatic (patrilineal) descendants of the first unifier-king, Harald Fairhair.", "Norwegian Campaign __knowledge__ The Norwegian Campaign (9 April to 10 June 1940) was fought in Norway between Norway, the Allies and Germany in World War II after the latter's invasion of the country.", "Norwegian Campaign __knowledge__ In April, the United Kingdom and France came to Norway's aid with an expeditionary force.", "Norwegian Campaign __knowledge__ Despite moderate success in the northern parts of Norway, the Allies were eventually compelled to withdraw by Germany's invasion of France in May, and the Norwegian government sought exile in London.", "Norwegian Campaign __knowledge__ The campaign ended with the occupation of Norway by Germany, and the continued fighting by exiled Norwegian forces from abroad.", "Norwegian Campaign __knowledge__ The 62 days of fighting made Norway the nation that withstood a German invasion for the second longest period of time, after the Soviet Union.", "Viking metal __knowledge__ Viking metal is a style of heavy metal music characterized by a lyrical and thematic focus on Norse mythology, Norse paganism, and the Viking Age.", "Viking metal __knowledge__ Viking metal is quite diverse as a musical style, to the point where some consider it more a cross-genre term than a genre, but it is typically seen as black metal with influences from Nordic folk music.", "Viking metal __knowledge__ Common traits include a slow-paced and heavy riffing style, anthemic choruses, use of both sung and harsh vocals, a reliance on folk instrumentation, and often the use of keyboards for atmospheric effect.", "Viking metal __knowledge__ Viking metal emerged from black metal during the late 1980s and early 1990s, sharing with black metal an opposition to Christianity, but rejecting Satanism and occult themes in favor of the Vikings and paganism.", "History of the Netherlands __knowledge__ The history of the Netherlands is the history of seafaring people thriving on a lowland river delta on the North Sea in northwestern Europe.", "History of the Netherlands __knowledge__ Records begin with the four centuries during which the region formed a militarized border zone of the Roman empire.", "History of the Netherlands __knowledge__ This came under increasing pressure from Germanic peoples moving westwards.", "History of the Netherlands __knowledge__ As Roman power collapsed and the Middle Ages began, three dominant Germanic peoples coalesced in the area, Frisians in the north and coastal areas, Low Saxons in the northeast, and the Franks in the south.", "History of the Netherlands __knowledge__ During the Middle Ages, the descendants of the Carolingian dynasty came to dominate the area and then extended their rule to a large part of Western Europe.", "Viking Age __knowledge__ The Viking Age is the period from the late eighth century to the mid-11th century in European history, especially Northern European and Scandinavian history, following the Germanic Iron Age.", "Viking Age __knowledge__ It is the period of history when Scandinavian Norsemen explored Europe by its seas and rivers for trade, raids, colonization, and conquest.", "Viking Age __knowledge__ In this period, the Norsemen settled in Norse Greenland, Newfoundland, and present-day Faroe Islands, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Scotland, England, Ireland, the Netherlands, Germany, Ukraine, Russia, and Turkey.", "Viking Age __knowledge__ Viking travellers and colonists were seen at many points in history as brutal raiders.", "Germanic peoples __knowledge__ The Germanic peoples (also called Teutonic, Suebian, or Gothic in older literature) are an Indo-European ethno-linguistic group of Northern European origin.", "Germanic peoples __knowledge__ They are identified by their use of Germanic languages, which diversified out of Proto-Germanic during the Pre-Roman Iron Age.", "Germanic peoples __knowledge__ The term \"Germanic\" originated in classical times when groups of tribes living in Lower, Upper, and Greater Germania were referred to using this label by Roman scribes.", "Germanic peoples __knowledge__ The Roman use of the term \"Germanic\" was not necessarily based upon language, but referred to the tribal groups and alliances that lived in the regions of modern-day Luxembourg, Belgium, Northern France, Alsace, Poland, Austria, the Netherlands and Germany, and which were considered less civilized and more physically hardened than the Celtic Gauls.", "Heathenry (new religious movement) __knowledge__ Heathenry, also termed Heathenism or Germanic Neopaganism, is a modern Pagan religion.", "Heathenry (new religious movement) __knowledge__ Scholars of religious studies classify Heathenry as a new religious movement.", "Heathenry (new religious movement) __knowledge__ Its practitioners model their faith on the pre-Christian belief systems adhered to by the Germanic peoples of Iron Age and Early Medieval Europe.", "Heathenry (new religious movement) __knowledge__ To reconstruct these past belief systems, Heathenry uses surviving historical, archaeological, and folkloric evidence as a basis, although approaches to this material vary considerably.", "Heathenry (new religious movement) __knowledge__ Heathenry does not have a unified theology and is typically polytheistic, centering on a pantheon of deities from pre-Christian Germanic Europe.", "Early Middle Ages __knowledge__ The Early Middle Ages or Early Medieval Period, typically regarded as lasting from the 5th century CE to about 1000, marked the start of the Middle Ages of European history.", "Early Middle Ages __knowledge__ The Early Middle Ages followed the decline of the Western Roman Empire and preceded the High Middle Ages (c. 10th to 13th centuries).", "Early Middle Ages __knowledge__ The Early Middle Ages largely overlap with Late Antiquity.", "Early Middle Ages __knowledge__ The term \"Late Antiquity\" is used to emphasize elements of continuity with the Roman Empire, while \"Early Middle Ages\" is used to emphasize developments characteristic of the later medieval period.", "Early Middle Ages __knowledge__ The period saw a continuation of trends begun during late classical antiquity, including population decline, especially in urban centres, a decline of trade, and increased immigration." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vikings __knowledge__ Vikings (Old English: \"wicing\"—\"pirate\", Danish and ; Swedish and ; , from Old Norse) were Norse seafarers, mainly speaking the Old Norse language, who raided and traded from their Northern European homelands across wide areas of northern, central, eastern and western Europe, during the late 8th to late 11th centuries.", "Vikings __knowledge__ The term is also commonly extended in modern English and other vernaculars to the inhabitants of Viking home communities during what has become known as the Viking Age.", "Vikings __knowledge__ This period of Nordic military, mercantile and demographic expansion constitutes an important element in the early medieval history of Scandinavia, Estonia, the British Isles, France, Kievan Rus' and Sicily.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Facilitated by advanced sailing and navigational skills, and characterised by the longship, Viking activities at times also extended into the Mediterranean littoral, North Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Following extended phases of (primarily sea- or river-borne) exploration, expansion and settlement, Viking (Norse) communities and polities were established in diverse areas of north-western Europe, European Russia, the North Atlantic islands and as far as the north-eastern coast of North America.", "Norwegian Dakotan __knowledge__ A Norwegian Dakotan is a Norwegian American (a person with Norwegian ancestry) in the U. S. states of North and South Dakota.", "Norwegian Dakotan __knowledge__ One in three of all North Dakotans is of Norwegian heritage, which is the highest among all U.S. states.", "Norwegian Dakotan __knowledge__ South Dakota is number three, behind Minnesota.", "Norwegian Dakotan __knowledge__ The immigrants settled primarily between 1870 and 1920.", "Norwegian Dakotan __knowledge__ As of 2009, 312,697 Dakotans claim Norwegian ancestry, 21.4% of the region's population (30.8% of North Dakota's population and 14.0% of South Dakota's population), or 6.7% of the total Norwegian American population.", "Norwegian Dakotan __knowledge__ The first Norwegians arrived in the Dakotas as early as 1859, shortly after the treaty with the Yankton Sioux was signed July 10, 1859.", "Norway __knowledge__ Norway ( ; Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); ), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a sovereign state and unitary monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the remote island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard.", "Norway __knowledge__ The Antarctic Peter I Island and the sub-Antarctic Bouvet Island are dependent territories and thus not considered part of the Kingdom.", "Norway __knowledge__ Norway also lays claim to a section of Antarctica known as Queen Maud Land.", "Norway __knowledge__ Until 1814, the kingdom included the Faroe Islands, Greenland, and Iceland.", "Norway __knowledge__ It also included Bohuslän until 1658, Jämtland and Härjedalen until 1645, Shetland and Orkney until 1468, and the Hebrides and Isle of Man until 1266.", "Northern Norway __knowledge__ Northern Norway (, , ) is a geographical region of Norway, consisting of the three northernmost counties Nordland, Troms and Finnmark, in total about 35% of the Norwegian mainland.", "Northern Norway __knowledge__ Some of the largest towns in Northern Norway (from south to north) are Mo i Rana, Bodø, Narvik, Harstad, Tromsø and Alta.", "Northern Norway __knowledge__ Northern Norway is often described as the land of the midnight sun and the land of the northern lights.", "Northern Norway __knowledge__ Further north, halfway to the North Pole, is the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard, traditionally not regarded as part of Northern Norway.", "Northern Norway __knowledge__ The region is multi-cultural, housing not just Norwegians but also the indigenous Sami people, Norwegian Finns (known as Kvens, distinct from the \"Forest Finns\" of Southern Norway) and Russian populations (mostly in Kirkenes).", "Norwegian language __knowledge__ Norwegian (norsk) is a North Germanic language spoken mainly in Norway, where it is the official language.", "Norwegian language __knowledge__ Along with Swedish and Danish, Norwegian forms a dialect continuum of more or less mutually intelligible local and regional variants.", "Norwegian language __knowledge__ These Scandinavian languages, together with Faroese and Icelandic as well as some extinct languages, constitute the North Germanic languages.", "Norwegian language __knowledge__ Faroese and Icelandic are hardly mutually intelligible with Norwegian in their spoken form because continental Scandinavian has diverged from them.", "Norwegian language __knowledge__ As established by law and governmental policy, the two official forms of \"written\" Norwegian are \"Bokmål\" (literally \"book tongue\") and \"Nynorsk\" (literally \"new Norwegian\").", "Norwegian Americans __knowledge__ Norwegian Americans () comprise Americans with ancestral roots from Norway.", "Norwegian Americans __knowledge__ Norwegian immigrants went to the United States primarily in the later half of the 19th century and the first few decades of the 20th century.", "Norwegian Americans __knowledge__ There are more than 4.5 million Norwegian Americans according to the most recent U.S. census, and most live in the Upper Midwest.", "Norwegian Americans __knowledge__ Norwegian Americans currently comprise the 10th largest European ancestry group in the United States.", "Norwegian Americans __knowledge__ Norsemen from Greenland and Iceland were the first Europeans to reach North America.", "Norwegian Americans __knowledge__ Leif Ericson reached North America via Norse settlements in Greenland around the year 1000.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Sami history __knowledge__ The Sami people (also Sámi, Saami) are an indigenous people of northern Europe inhabiting Sápmi, which today encompasses parts of northern Sweden, Norway, Finland and the Kola Peninsula of Russia.", "Sami history __knowledge__ The traditional Sami lifestyle, dominated by hunting, fishing and trading, was preserved until the Late Middle Ages, when the modern structures of the Nordic countries were established.", "Sami history __knowledge__ The Sami have lived in relative co-existence with their neighbors for centuries, but for the last two hundred years, especially during the second half of the 20th century, there have been many dramatic changes in Sami culture, politics, economics and their relations with their neighboring societies.", "Old Norse __knowledge__ Old Norse was a North Germanic language that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during about the 9th to 13th centuries.", "Old Norse __knowledge__ The Proto-Norse language developed into Old Norse by the 8th century, and Old Norse began to develop into the modern North Germanic languages in the mid- to late 14th century, ending the language phase known as Old Norse.", "Old Norse __knowledge__ These dates, however, are not absolute, since written Old Norse is found well into the 15th century.", "Old Norse __knowledge__ Old Norse was divided into three dialects: Old West Norse, Old East Norse, and Old Gutnish.", "Old Norse __knowledge__ Old West and East Norse formed a dialect continuum, with no clear geographical boundary between them.", "Danish language __knowledge__ Danish (\"dansk\" ; \"dansk sprog\", ) is a North Germanic language spoken by around six million people, principally in Denmark and in the region of Southern Schleswig in northern Germany, where it has minority language status.", "Danish language __knowledge__ Also, minor Danish-speaking communities are found in Norway, Sweden, Spain, the United States, Canada, Brazil, and Argentina.", "Danish language __knowledge__ Due to immigration and language shift in urban areas, around 15–20% of the population of Greenland speak Danish as their home language.", "Danish language __knowledge__ Along with the other North Germanic languages, Danish is a descendant of Old Norse, the common language of the Germanic peoples who lived in Scandinavia during the Viking Era.", "Greece runestones __knowledge__ The Greece runestones (Swedish: \"Greklandsstenarna\", Greek: \"Ρουνικές λίθοι Ελλάδας\") are about 30 runestones containing information related to voyages made by Norsemen to the Byzantine Empire.", "Greece runestones __knowledge__ They were made during the Viking Age until about 1100 and were engraved in the Old Norse language with Scandinavian runes.", "Greece runestones __knowledge__ All the stones have been found in modern-day Sweden, the majority in Uppland (18 runestones) and Södermanland (7 runestones).", "Greece runestones __knowledge__ Most were inscribed in memory of members of the Varangian Guard who never returned home, but a few inscriptions mention men who returned with wealth, and a boulder in Ed was engraved on the orders of a former officer of the Guard.", "Old Norse religion __knowledge__ Old Norse religion developed from early Germanic religion during the Proto-Norse period, when the North Germanic peoples separated into a distinct branch of the Germanic peoples.", "Old Norse religion __knowledge__ It was displaced by Christianization of the North Germanic peoples.", "Old Norse religion __knowledge__ Scholars reconstruct aspects of North Germanic religion by historical linguistics, archaeology, toponymy, and records left by North Germanic peoples, such as runic inscriptions in the Younger Futhark, a distinctly North Germanic extension of the runic alphabet.", "Old Norse religion __knowledge__ Numerous Old Norse works dated to the 13th century record Norse mythology, a component of North Germanic religion.", "Old Norse orthography __knowledge__ The orthography of the Old Norse language was diverse, being written in both Runic and Latin alphabets, with many spelling conventions, variant letterforms, and unique letters and signs.", "Old Norse orthography __knowledge__ In modern times, scholars established a standardized spelling for the language.", "Old Norse orthography __knowledge__ When Old Norse names are used in texts in other languages, modifications to this spelling are often made.", "Old Norse orthography __knowledge__ In particular, the names of Old Norse mythological figures often have several different spellings.", "Old Norse orthography __knowledge__ The appearance of Old Norse in a written runic form first dates back to approximately 200–300 A.D.", "Old Norse orthography __knowledge__ While there are remains of Viking runestones from the Viking Age today they are rare, and vary in use of orthography depending on when they were created.", "Proto-Norse language __knowledge__ Proto-Norse (also called Proto-Scandinavian, Primitive Norse, Proto-Nordic, Ancient Nordic, Ancient Scandinavian, Old Nordic, Old Scandinavian, Proto-North Germanic, North Proto-Germanic or Common Scandinavian) was an Indo-European language spoken in Scandinavia that is thought to have evolved as a northern dialect of Proto-Germanic in the first centuries CE.", "Proto-Norse language __knowledge__ It is the earliest stage of a characteristically North Germanic language, and the language attested in the oldest Scandinavian Elder Futhark inscriptions, spoken from around the 2nd to the 8th centuries CE (corresponding to the late Roman Iron Age and the Germanic Iron Age)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vikings __knowledge__ Vikings (Old English: \"wicing\"—\"pirate\", Danish and ; Swedish and ; , from Old Norse) were Norse seafarers, mainly speaking the Old Norse language, who raided and traded from their Northern European homelands across wide areas of northern, central, eastern and western Europe, during the late 8th to late 11th centuries.", "Vikings __knowledge__ The term is also commonly extended in modern English and other vernaculars to the inhabitants of Viking home communities during what has become known as the Viking Age.", "Vikings __knowledge__ This period of Nordic military, mercantile and demographic expansion constitutes an important element in the early medieval history of Scandinavia, Estonia, the British Isles, France, Kievan Rus' and Sicily.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Facilitated by advanced sailing and navigational skills, and characterised by the longship, Viking activities at times also extended into the Mediterranean littoral, North Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia.", "Vikings __knowledge__ Following extended phases of (primarily sea- or river-borne) exploration, expansion and settlement, Viking (Norse) communities and polities were established in diverse areas of north-western Europe, European Russia, the North Atlantic islands and as far as the north-eastern coast of North America.", "Sailing __knowledge__ Sailing employs the wind—acting on sails, wingsails or kites—to propel a craft on the surface of the \"water\" (sailing ship, sailboat, windsurfer, or kitesurfer), on \"ice\" (iceboat) or on \"land\" (land yacht) over a chosen course, which is often part of a larger plan of navigation.", "Sailing __knowledge__ A course defined with respect to the true wind direction is called a point of sail.", "Sailing __knowledge__ Conventional sailing craft cannot derive power from sails on a point of sail that is too close into the wind.", "Sailing __knowledge__ On a given point of sail, the sailor adjusts the alignment of each sail with respect to the apparent wind direction (as perceived on the craft) to mobilize the power of the wind.", "Forces on sails __knowledge__ Forces on sails result from movement of air that interacts with sails and gives them motive power for sailing craft, including sailing ships, sailboats, windsurfers, ice boats, and sail-powered land vehicles.", "Forces on sails __knowledge__ Similar principles in a rotating frame of reference apply to wind mill sails and wind turbine blades, which are also wind-driven.", "Forces on sails __knowledge__ They are differentiated from forces on wings, and propeller blades, the actions of which are not adjusted to the wind.", "Forces on sails __knowledge__ Kites also power certain sailing craft, but do not employ a mast to support the airfoil and are beyond the scope of this article.", "Forces on sails __knowledge__ Forces on sails depend on wind speed and direction and the speed and direction of the craft.", "Someday (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ \"Someday\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey from her self-titled debut studio album (1990).", "Someday (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ It is a dance-pop song with new jack swing influences.", "Someday (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ Prior to Carey signing a record contract, she and producer Ben Margulies had written and produced a four-track demo which included \"Someday\".", "Someday (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ After signing a contract with Columbia Records, Carey began work on her debut album and she reached out to Ric Wake to ask if he would produce the song, to which he agreed.", "Someday (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ The composition of the demo recording was changed during the recording process, most notably replacing the horns with a guitar, which Carey disapproved of.", "Full Cycle: A World Odyssey __knowledge__ Full Cycle: A World Odyssey is a mountain biking video title that chronicles the travel adventures of San Diego husband and wife team, Mark Schulze and Patty Mooney, who in 1993 and 1994, went in search of the best singletrack mountain trails of nine countries including the United States, Canada, Costa Rica, Wales, Switzerland, Greece, Tahiti, Australia and India.", "Full Cycle: A World Odyssey __knowledge__ Featured in the documentary are actor James Hong and his family, along with mountain bike pioneers Gary Fisher, Charlie Kelly (businessman), Jacquie Phelan and World Trials Champion, Ot Pi of Barcelona.", "Full Cycle: A World Odyssey __knowledge__ Summit Magazine, among other publications, referred to it as the \"Endless Summer on Wheels.\"", "Schurmann Family __knowledge__ The Schürmann Family is the first Brazilian family to circumnavigate the world on a sailboat and the only Brazilian family to have done it three times.", "Schurmann Family __knowledge__ The family has been active around the world through their online school program, as well as their films and TV programs such as Rede Globo, National Geographic among others.", "Schurmann Family __knowledge__ In 1984 Vilfredo, Heloisa and their children left their home, work and school and set off from Florianópolis, the capital city of the State of Santa Catarina, in southern Brazil, to pursue their dream: circumnavigate the world on a sailboat.", "Schurmann Family __knowledge__ Their children, Pierre, David and Wilhelm, were 15, 10 and 7 years old, respectively.", "Project Tuva __knowledge__ Project Tuva was a collaborative research project between Bill Gates and Microsoft Research in 2009 demonstrating the potential value of an interactive video player platform for learning.", "Project Tuva __knowledge__ The platform hosted the Messenger Lectures series titled \"The Character of Physical Law\" given at Cornell University by Richard Feynman in 1964 and recorded by the BBC.", "Project Tuva __knowledge__ According to his video introduction, Gates saw the lectures when he was younger.", "Project Tuva __knowledge__ He enjoyed the physics concepts and Feynman's lecturing style, and later acquired the rights to make the video available to the public.", "Project Tuva __knowledge__ He hopes that this will encourage others to make educational content available for free.", "Robert Spendlove __knowledge__ Robert Spendlove is an American politician and a Republican member of the Utah House of Representatives representing District 49 since January 9, 2014.", "Robert Spendlove __knowledge__ He lives with his wife in Sandy, Utah.", "Robert Spendlove __knowledge__ Spendlove received an M.P.A.", "Robert Spendlove __knowledge__ from the University of Utah.", "Robert Spendlove __knowledge__ Spendlove previously served as the Deputy Chief of Staff for Federal Relations for Governor Gary Herbert.", "Robert Spendlove __knowledge__ He also served as the Washington, DC representative for the Utah Governor’s Office, acting as a liaison between the State of Utah and a variety of multi-state and federal organizations, including the National Governors Association (NGA), Republican Governors Association (RGA), and the Western Governors Association (WGA), as well as Congress, federal agencies, and the White House.", "History of the Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ This article details the history of the Minnesota Vikings, an American football club of the National Football League (NFL).", "History of the Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ Professional football history in the Twin Cities began in the 1920s; the Minneapolis Marines joined the American Professional Football Association (later to become the National Football League) in 1921, but folded in 1924; they were resurrected as the Minneapolis Red Jackets in 1929 but lasted just two seasons before merging with the Frankford Yellow Jackets.", "History of the Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ A new professional team in the area did not surface again until August 1959, when three Minneapolis businessmen – Bill Boyer, H. P. Skoglund and Max Winter – were awarded a franchise in the new American Football League.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The Minnesota Vikings are an American football team based in Minneapolis, Minnesota.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings joined the National Football League (NFL) as an expansion team in 1960, and first took the field for the 1961 season.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The team competes in the National Football Conference (NFC) North division.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings played in four Super Bowl games in the 1970s, but lost all four.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ During the 1960s, the Vikings' record was typical for an expansion franchise, but improved over the course of the decade, resulting in a Central Division title in 1968.", "Minnesota Vikings __knowledge__ In 1969, their dominant defense led to the Vikings' league championship in 1969, the last NFL championship prior to the merger of the NFL with the AFL.", "Viking Age __knowledge__ The Viking Age is the period from the late eighth century to the mid-11th century in European history, especially Northern European and Scandinavian history, following the Germanic Iron Age.", "Viking Age __knowledge__ It is the period of history when Scandinavian Norsemen explored Europe by its seas and rivers for trade, raids, colonization, and conquest.", "Viking Age __knowledge__ In this period, the Norsemen settled in Norse Greenland, Newfoundland, and present-day Faroe Islands, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Scotland, England, Ireland, the Netherlands, Germany, Ukraine, Russia, and Turkey.", "Viking Age __knowledge__ Viking travellers and colonists were seen at many points in history as brutal raiders.", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ The University of Limerick Vikings are the American football team from the University of Limerick in Limerick, Ireland.", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ The team currently competes in the Irish American Football League.", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings have won three IAFL Shamrock Bowl titles - in 2007, 2008 and 2009.", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings' all-time record is 48-28-3 (0.580).", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ Established in 1999, the team played mostly flag football until late 2001, when they joined the IAFL winter league.", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ In UL's first-ever game, they took the field on the road to the eventual Shamrock Bowl champion Dublin Rebels and were beaten 48–0.", "University of Limerick Vikings __knowledge__ The Vikings lost their first four games, but on December 2, 2001, they recorded their first-ever win, 12–8, over the Dublin Dragons in Limerick, with touchdowns from Tommy Conneelly and Paddy \"The Saint\" Ryan.", "International Navigation Company __knowledge__ The International Navigation Company (INC) was a Philadelphia based holding company owning 26 ships totaling 181,000 tons and carried more passengers than either Cunard or White Star, when the company was reorganized as International Mercantile Marine in 1902.", "International Navigation Company __knowledge__ INC was formed in 1871 with the backing of the Pennsylvania Railroad to operate foreign flagged vessels on transatlantic routes to Philadelphia.", "International Navigation Company __knowledge__ Clement Griscom, the company’s general manager, entered into an agreement with the Belgian Government to establish the Red Star Line to operate a mail service out of Antwerp to Philadelphia and New York.", "Longship __knowledge__ Longships were a type of ship invented and used by the Norsemen (commonly known as the Vikings) for trade, commerce, exploration, and warfare during the Viking Age.", "Longship __knowledge__ The longship's design evolved over many centuries, beginning in the Stone Age with the invention of the umiak and continuing up until the 6th century with clinker-built ships like Nydam and Kvalsund.", "Longship __knowledge__ The longship appeared in its complete form between the 9th and 13th centuries.", "Longship __knowledge__ The character and appearance of these ships have been reflected in Scandinavian boat-building traditions until today.", "Longship __knowledge__ The particular skills and methods employed in making longships are still used worldwide, often with modern adaptations." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 4, 4 ]

[ "Hello, I've never met a viking before! Are you from Northern Europe?", "Wow, very cool! Do you speak the Old Norse language or something else?", "Interesting! Do you like to sail, I've heard vikings travel a lot.", "Wow! That would be fun! You'll have to be a good navigator!" ]

[ "Vikings", "Vikings", "Vikings", "Vikings" ]

[ "Krav Maga\nI'm looking into learning some self defense and I was considering Krav Maga.", "So does that mean you recommend me learn it for self defense?", "Awesome thanks. Do you know how long these techniques have been around or who uses them?", "Oh wow so it was developed by people from the middle east. I guess I never really thought about how they fought hand to hand combat. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga (; , \"lit.\"", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ \"contact-combat\") is a military self-defence and fighting system developed for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Israeli security forces (Shin Bet and Mossad) that derived from a combination of techniques sourced from Boxing, Wrestling, Aikido, Judo, Karate along with realistic fight training.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga is known for its focus on real-world situations and its extreme efficiency.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ It was derived from the street-fighting experience of Hungarian-Israeli martial artist Imi Lichtenfeld, who made use of his training as a boxer and wrestler as a means of defending the Jewish quarter against fascist groups in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-to-late 1930s.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ In the late 1940s, following his migration to Israel, he began to provide lessons on combat training to what was to become the IDF.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ From the outset, the original concept of Krav Maga was to take the most simple and practical techniques of other fighting styles (originally European boxing, wrestling and street fighting) and to make them rapidly teachable to military conscripts.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has a philosophy emphasizing aggression, and simultaneous defensive and offensive maneuvers.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has been used by the Israel Defense Forces' special forces units, the security apparatus, and by regular infantry units.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ Urban Krav Maga is a self-defence system which has its roots in Israeli Krav Maga as its name suggests.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ It additionally draws on a variety of other fighting systems such as Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Boxing, Muay Thai and Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) among others .", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ The main focus of Urban Krav Maga is on defending the most common street attacks, pre-emptive moves to end a confrontation before it begins and a range of stand-up and ground fighting techniques.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ As well as hand-to-hand fighting, techniques cover defences against weaponry (chokes, pushes, broken bottle or knife attacks, etc.).", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ Contrary to many other fighting systems and martial arts, the focus is on techniques that can be implemented regardless of strength or size based on leverage and the \"surprise effect\".", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ Eyal Yanilov (born 30 May 1959) is an Israeli Krav Maga instructor and currently Chief Instructor of Krav Maga Global.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He was a co-founder and Chief Instructor of the International Krav Maga Federation from 1996 to 2010.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ Eyal Yanilov is a graduate of the School for Trainers and Instructors at the Wingate Institute for Sport and Physical Education and holds a degree in electrical engineering.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He studied with the founder of Krav Maga, Imi Lichtenfeld (also known as Imi Sde-Or) beginning in 1974.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He is one of two Krav Maga practitioners who holds the highest level granted by Imi Lichtenfeld, Master level 3 and the Founder's Diploma of Excellence, along with Darren Levine.Yanilov and Levine were the driving force in popularizing Krav Maga in the 1990s.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ Haim Gidon is a teacher of Krav Maga (Hebrew קרב מגע: \"contact combat\"), an Israeli-originated self-defense and military hand-to-hand combat system taught to military, police forces and civilians worldwide.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ He was a co-founder of the IKMA (Israeli Krav Maga Association) in 1977.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ In 1994, upon Imi Lichtenfeld's retirement, he became the Grandmaster and president of the Israeli Krav Maga Association.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ He was granted an 8th dan white and red belt by Imi Lichtenfeld (also known as Imi Sde-Or), the founder of Krav Maga.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ Today Gidon now holds a 10th dan red belt which is the highest degree in his style of Krav Maga.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ Darren R. Levine (born April 3, 1960 in Los Angeles, California, United States) is a martial artist, an entrepreneur, and a prosecutor for the Los Angeles County District Attorney's office.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ He is best known for helping to popularize Krav Maga, the official hand-to-hand combat system of the Israel Defense Forces.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ Levine, who graduated from Loyola Law School, has worked as a Deputy District Attorney for Los Angeles County since 1991.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ The same year, Levine and his detectives built a case against Gerald Mason, who had evaded arrest since 1957 for the rape of a teenage girl, the assault of three other teenagers, and the murder of two police officers.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Yaakov \"Kobi\" Lichtenstein (born 1964) is an Israeli-Brazilian master of krav maga who introduced this martial art to South America.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He is the Chief Instructor of the South American Federation of Krav Maga.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein was born in 1964 in Rehovot, Israel.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He began training in the martial art of krav maga in 1967 under its founder, Imi Lichtenfeld (1910–1998).", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein began teaching the art at the age of 15.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He served for three years in the Israeli Defense Forces, by the end he held a black belt diploma from the Krav Maga Association.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He fought in the First Lebanon War (1982).", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein arrived in Brazil on 18 January 1990, appointed by Lichtenfeld to introduce his martial art to South America.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Emrich \"Imi\" Lichtenfeld () (May 26, 1910 – January 9, 1998) was a Slovak-born Israeli martial artist who founded the Krav Maga self-defense system.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ He was also known as Imi Sde-Or (), the Hebrew calque of his surname.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld was born on May 26, 1910, to a Slovak Jewish family in Pozsony in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ He grew up in Bratislava.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ His father, Samuel Lichtenfeld, was a chief inspector on the Bratislava police force and a former circus acrobat.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld trained at the Hercules Gymnasium, which was owned by his father, who taught self-defense.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld was a successful boxer, wrestler, and gymnast since his youth." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga (; , \"lit.\"", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ \"contact-combat\") is a military self-defence and fighting system developed for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Israeli security forces (Shin Bet and Mossad) that derived from a combination of techniques sourced from Boxing, Wrestling, Aikido, Judo, Karate along with realistic fight training.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga is known for its focus on real-world situations and its extreme efficiency.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ It was derived from the street-fighting experience of Hungarian-Israeli martial artist Imi Lichtenfeld, who made use of his training as a boxer and wrestler as a means of defending the Jewish quarter against fascist groups in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-to-late 1930s.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ In the late 1940s, following his migration to Israel, he began to provide lessons on combat training to what was to become the IDF.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ From the outset, the original concept of Krav Maga was to take the most simple and practical techniques of other fighting styles (originally European boxing, wrestling and street fighting) and to make them rapidly teachable to military conscripts.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has a philosophy emphasizing aggression, and simultaneous defensive and offensive maneuvers.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has been used by the Israel Defense Forces' special forces units, the security apparatus, and by regular infantry units.", "Self Defense Family __knowledge__ Self Defense Family (shortened to Self Defense and previously known as End of a Year) are an American rock band with members from across the United States and England.", "Self Defense Family __knowledge__ The band has released five full-length albums and several EPs and splits.", "Self Defense Family __knowledge__ Their fifth and latest studio album \"Heaven Is Earth\" was released June 30, 2015 through Deathwish Inc. End of a Year started as a side project for a number of musicians based in Albany, New York already involved in full-time bands.", "Self Defense Family __knowledge__ Having spent time in heavier bands, the initial End of a Year line-up was interested in trying something more overtly melodic.", "Gun laws in the Czech Republic __knowledge__ Gun politics in the Czech Republic incorporates the political and regulatory aspects of firearms usage in the country.", "Gun laws in the Czech Republic __knowledge__ Policy in the Czech Republic is in many respects less restrictive than elsewhere in the European Union \"(see Gun politics in the European Union)\".", "Gun laws in the Czech Republic __knowledge__ A gun in the Czech Republic is available to anybody subject to acquiring a shall issue firearms license first.", "Gun laws in the Czech Republic __knowledge__ Gun licenses may be obtained in a way very similar to a driving license – by passing a gun proficiency exam, medical examination and having a clean criminal record.", "Gun laws in the Czech Republic __knowledge__ Unlike in most other European countries, the Czech gun legislation also permits a citizen to carry a concealed weapon for self-defense – 240,000 out of some 300,000 legal gun owners have concealed carry permit.", "Japan Self-Defense Forces __knowledge__ The , or JSDF, occasionally referred to as JSF, JDF, or SDF, are the unified military forces of Japan that were established in 1954, and are controlled by the Ministry of Defense.", "Japan Self-Defense Forces __knowledge__ In recent years they have been engaged in international peacekeeping operations including UN peacekeeping.", "Japan Self-Defense Forces __knowledge__ Recent tensions, particularly with North Korea, have reignited the debate over the status of the JSDF and its relation to Japanese society.", "Japan Self-Defense Forces __knowledge__ New military guidelines, announced in December 2010, will direct the JSDF away from its Cold War focus on the former Soviet Union to a focus on China, especially regarding the territorial dispute over the Senkaku Islands, while increasing cooperation with the United States, South Korea, Australia and India.", "Heaven Is Earth __knowledge__ Heaven Is Earth is a studio album by the American rock band Self Defense Family.", "Heaven Is Earth __knowledge__ It's the band's fifth studio album overall, and second effort after changing its name from End of a Year to Self Defense Family.", "Heaven Is Earth __knowledge__ The album was released on June 30, 2015 through Deathwish Inc. For \"Heaven Is Earth\", Self Defense Family recorded two tracks with four producers in four different cities on the East Coast of the United States for a total of eight songs.", "Heaven Is Earth __knowledge__ The band recorded with Kurt Ballou of Converge at GodCity Studios in Salem, Massachusetts; with former Orchid and Ampere member Will Killingsworth at Dead Air Studio in Ahmerst, Massachusetts; with Jon Low, who previously worked with Kurt Vile and The National, at Miner Street Recordings in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and with Mark Miller, who previously worked with Dinosaur Jr. and Garth Brooks, at Sone Lab in East Hampton, Massachusetts.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John Lawrence McKenzie (October 9, 1910 – March 2, 1991) was born on October 9, 1910, in Brazil, Indiana, the first of the six children of Myra (Daly) and Harry McKenzie.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie became the premier Catholic Biblical scholar of the mid-twentieth century; indeed, John Courtney Murray, SJ, wrote that John McKenzie was \"the best Catholic theologian he knew of in the United States.\"", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie was interested in the Jesuits from an early age.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ At some significant sacrifice to his family, he was enrolled in a Jesuit boarding high school in St. Mary’s, Kansas, where he came first in his class three out of his four years there.", "James Mitose __knowledge__ James Masayoshi Mitose (born \"Masayoshi Mitose\", December 30, 1916 – March 26, 1981) was a Japanese American martial artist who brought the art of Kenpo to the United States starting in 1936.", "James Mitose __knowledge__ Many Kenpo teachers trace their lineage to him.", "James Mitose __knowledge__ Mitose was and remains a controversial figure in the history of Kenpo in America.", "James Mitose __knowledge__ He was convicted of murder and extortion in 1974 and given a life sentence.", "James Mitose __knowledge__ He died in prison in 1981 due to complications from diabetes.", "James Mitose __knowledge__ James Masayoshi Mitose (Masakichi Kosho Kenposai) was born in Kailua-Kona, North Kona District, Hawaii on December 30, 1916.", "James Mitose __knowledge__ On October 22, 1920, at the age of four, he and his two sisters were taken by their mother back to Japan to be given formal education and upbringing with family living there.", "Overview of gun laws by nation __knowledge__ Gun laws and policies (collectively referred to as firearms regulation or gun control) regulate the manufacture, sale, transfer, possession, modification and use of small arms by civilians.", "Overview of gun laws by nation __knowledge__ Many countries have restrictive firearm policies, while a few have permissive ones.", "Overview of gun laws by nation __knowledge__ Countries with a strong gun culture may afford civilians a right to keep and bear arms, and have more-liberal gun laws than neighboring jurisdictions.", "Overview of gun laws by nation __knowledge__ Countries which regulate access to firearms will typically restrict access to certain categories of firearms and then restrict the categories of persons who may be granted a license for access to such firearms.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ Urban Krav Maga is a self-defence system which has its roots in Israeli Krav Maga as its name suggests.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ It additionally draws on a variety of other fighting systems such as Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Boxing, Muay Thai and Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) among others .", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ The main focus of Urban Krav Maga is on defending the most common street attacks, pre-emptive moves to end a confrontation before it begins and a range of stand-up and ground fighting techniques.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ As well as hand-to-hand fighting, techniques cover defences against weaponry (chokes, pushes, broken bottle or knife attacks, etc.).", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ Contrary to many other fighting systems and martial arts, the focus is on techniques that can be implemented regardless of strength or size based on leverage and the \"surprise effect\".", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ Haim Gidon is a teacher of Krav Maga (Hebrew קרב מגע: \"contact combat\"), an Israeli-originated self-defense and military hand-to-hand combat system taught to military, police forces and civilians worldwide.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ He was a co-founder of the IKMA (Israeli Krav Maga Association) in 1977.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ In 1994, upon Imi Lichtenfeld's retirement, he became the Grandmaster and president of the Israeli Krav Maga Association.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ He was granted an 8th dan white and red belt by Imi Lichtenfeld (also known as Imi Sde-Or), the founder of Krav Maga.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ Today Gidon now holds a 10th dan red belt which is the highest degree in his style of Krav Maga.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ Eyal Yanilov (born 30 May 1959) is an Israeli Krav Maga instructor and currently Chief Instructor of Krav Maga Global.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He was a co-founder and Chief Instructor of the International Krav Maga Federation from 1996 to 2010.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ Eyal Yanilov is a graduate of the School for Trainers and Instructors at the Wingate Institute for Sport and Physical Education and holds a degree in electrical engineering.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He studied with the founder of Krav Maga, Imi Lichtenfeld (also known as Imi Sde-Or) beginning in 1974.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He is one of two Krav Maga practitioners who holds the highest level granted by Imi Lichtenfeld, Master level 3 and the Founder's Diploma of Excellence, along with Darren Levine.Yanilov and Levine were the driving force in popularizing Krav Maga in the 1990s.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ Darren R. Levine (born April 3, 1960 in Los Angeles, California, United States) is a martial artist, an entrepreneur, and a prosecutor for the Los Angeles County District Attorney's office.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ He is best known for helping to popularize Krav Maga, the official hand-to-hand combat system of the Israel Defense Forces.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ Levine, who graduated from Loyola Law School, has worked as a Deputy District Attorney for Los Angeles County since 1991.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ The same year, Levine and his detectives built a case against Gerald Mason, who had evaded arrest since 1957 for the rape of a teenage girl, the assault of three other teenagers, and the murder of two police officers.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Yaakov \"Kobi\" Lichtenstein (born 1964) is an Israeli-Brazilian master of krav maga who introduced this martial art to South America.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He is the Chief Instructor of the South American Federation of Krav Maga.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein was born in 1964 in Rehovot, Israel.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He began training in the martial art of krav maga in 1967 under its founder, Imi Lichtenfeld (1910–1998).", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein began teaching the art at the age of 15.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He served for three years in the Israeli Defense Forces, by the end he held a black belt diploma from the Krav Maga Association.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He fought in the First Lebanon War (1982).", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein arrived in Brazil on 18 January 1990, appointed by Lichtenfeld to introduce his martial art to South America.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Emrich \"Imi\" Lichtenfeld () (May 26, 1910 – January 9, 1998) was a Slovak-born Israeli martial artist who founded the Krav Maga self-defense system.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ He was also known as Imi Sde-Or (), the Hebrew calque of his surname.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld was born on May 26, 1910, to a Slovak Jewish family in Pozsony in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ He grew up in Bratislava.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ His father, Samuel Lichtenfeld, was a chief inspector on the Bratislava police force and a former circus acrobat.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld trained at the Hercules Gymnasium, which was owned by his father, who taught self-defense.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld was a successful boxer, wrestler, and gymnast since his youth." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga (; , \"lit.\"", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ \"contact-combat\") is a military self-defence and fighting system developed for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Israeli security forces (Shin Bet and Mossad) that derived from a combination of techniques sourced from Boxing, Wrestling, Aikido, Judo, Karate along with realistic fight training.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga is known for its focus on real-world situations and its extreme efficiency.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ It was derived from the street-fighting experience of Hungarian-Israeli martial artist Imi Lichtenfeld, who made use of his training as a boxer and wrestler as a means of defending the Jewish quarter against fascist groups in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-to-late 1930s.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ In the late 1940s, following his migration to Israel, he began to provide lessons on combat training to what was to become the IDF.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ From the outset, the original concept of Krav Maga was to take the most simple and practical techniques of other fighting styles (originally European boxing, wrestling and street fighting) and to make them rapidly teachable to military conscripts.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has a philosophy emphasizing aggression, and simultaneous defensive and offensive maneuvers.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has been used by the Israel Defense Forces' special forces units, the security apparatus, and by regular infantry units.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the series \"The Awesomes\".", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Professor Dr. Jeremy \"Prock\" Awesome (voiced by Seth Meyers) - The son of Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Jeremy Awesome is the young new leader of the Awesomes.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Known as Prock (a portmanteau of Professor and Doctor, since Prock has a JD and an MD) he has always wanted to be a superhero like his father, Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Prock disappointingly doesn't have any of his father's impressive physical powers: indeed, he is unimposing and injury-prone.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ However, he's the smartest on the team and a natural leader: in a crisis he comes up with excellent plans and assigns jobs to everyone on the team.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Michael Lee Alfonso (January 24, 1965 – February 17, 2007) was an American professional wrestler.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ He was best known for his appearances with the American professional wrestling promotions Extreme Championship Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation under the ring name Mike Awesome and for his appearances in Japan for with Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling and All Japan Pro Wrestling as The Gladiator.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso was trained to wrestle by Steve Keirn, debuting on February 26, 1989.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso trained for about one year along with former professional wrestlers, Dennis Knight (Mideon, Phineas Godwin) and the late \"Big\" Al Green before making his debut.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "List of Frisky Dingo characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters seen in the American animated television series \"Frisky Dingo\".", "List of Frisky Dingo characters __knowledge__ Killface (real name Evelyn) (voiced by Adam Reed) is a main character of \"Frisky Dingo\".", "List of Frisky Dingo characters __knowledge__ A muscular, maniacal super-villain, Killface is an alien with pale white skin, red eyes, a skull-like face, and feet resembling huge clawed talons.", "List of Frisky Dingo characters __knowledge__ He talks with a British accent.", "List of Frisky Dingo characters __knowledge__ Killface does not wear clothes, nor does he appear to possess external genitalia, despite having a son, Simon.", "List of Frisky Dingo characters __knowledge__ He has superhuman healing abilities, having once survived most of his chest being blown away as well as surviving from a pipe jutting out of his lung (Which he uses to kill a seemingly incompetent doctor).", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ awesome is a dynamic window manager for the X Window System developed in the C and Lua programming languages.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ Lua is also used for configuring and extending the window manager.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ Its development began as a fork of dwm.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ It aims to be extremely small and fast, yet extensively customizable.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ It makes it possible for the user to manage windows with the use of keyboard.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ The fork was initially nicknamed \"jdwm\", with \"jd\" denoting the principal programmer's initials, and with dwm reminding of the software project it forked from.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ The first git repository for what was to become awesome was set up in September 2007. jdwm was renamed to awesome, named after the same phrase used by the \"How I Met Your Mother\" character Barney Stinson.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ Awesome Comics or Awesome Entertainment (also known as Awesome-Hyperwerks when they were briefly joined with Hyperwerks Entertainment) was an American comic book studio formed in 1997 by Image Comics co-founder Rob Liefeld.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ The company closed in 2000.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ In 1992, seven high-profile comics artists left Marvel Comics to form their own publisher, where comics creators could publish creator-owned material without having to give up copyright-control to their characters.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ The seven artists (bar Whilce Portacio, who opted not to become a full partner) formed a partnership between their individual studios, and published their comics under the over-arcing Image Comics banner.", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ The \"Ranma ½\" manga series features a cast of characters created by Rumiko Takahashi.", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ The story revolves around the Japanese teenage boy Ranma Saotome who has trained in martial arts since early childhood.", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ As a result of an accident during a training journey in China, he is cursed to become a girl when splashed with cold water, while hot water changes him back into a boy.", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ Throughout the series Ranma seeks out a way to rid his curse, while his friends, enemies and many fiancées constantly hinder and interfere.", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ Many of the characters are similarly cursed to turn into animals or other creatures when splashed and are skilled in different and unusual types of martial arts.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ Urban Krav Maga is a self-defence system which has its roots in Israeli Krav Maga as its name suggests.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ It additionally draws on a variety of other fighting systems such as Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Boxing, Muay Thai and Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) among others .", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ The main focus of Urban Krav Maga is on defending the most common street attacks, pre-emptive moves to end a confrontation before it begins and a range of stand-up and ground fighting techniques.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ As well as hand-to-hand fighting, techniques cover defences against weaponry (chokes, pushes, broken bottle or knife attacks, etc.).", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ Contrary to many other fighting systems and martial arts, the focus is on techniques that can be implemented regardless of strength or size based on leverage and the \"surprise effect\".", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ Eyal Yanilov (born 30 May 1959) is an Israeli Krav Maga instructor and currently Chief Instructor of Krav Maga Global.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He was a co-founder and Chief Instructor of the International Krav Maga Federation from 1996 to 2010.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ Eyal Yanilov is a graduate of the School for Trainers and Instructors at the Wingate Institute for Sport and Physical Education and holds a degree in electrical engineering.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He studied with the founder of Krav Maga, Imi Lichtenfeld (also known as Imi Sde-Or) beginning in 1974.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He is one of two Krav Maga practitioners who holds the highest level granted by Imi Lichtenfeld, Master level 3 and the Founder's Diploma of Excellence, along with Darren Levine.Yanilov and Levine were the driving force in popularizing Krav Maga in the 1990s.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ Haim Gidon is a teacher of Krav Maga (Hebrew קרב מגע: \"contact combat\"), an Israeli-originated self-defense and military hand-to-hand combat system taught to military, police forces and civilians worldwide.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ He was a co-founder of the IKMA (Israeli Krav Maga Association) in 1977.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ In 1994, upon Imi Lichtenfeld's retirement, he became the Grandmaster and president of the Israeli Krav Maga Association.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ He was granted an 8th dan white and red belt by Imi Lichtenfeld (also known as Imi Sde-Or), the founder of Krav Maga.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ Today Gidon now holds a 10th dan red belt which is the highest degree in his style of Krav Maga.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ Darren R. Levine (born April 3, 1960 in Los Angeles, California, United States) is a martial artist, an entrepreneur, and a prosecutor for the Los Angeles County District Attorney's office.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ He is best known for helping to popularize Krav Maga, the official hand-to-hand combat system of the Israel Defense Forces.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ Levine, who graduated from Loyola Law School, has worked as a Deputy District Attorney for Los Angeles County since 1991.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ The same year, Levine and his detectives built a case against Gerald Mason, who had evaded arrest since 1957 for the rape of a teenage girl, the assault of three other teenagers, and the murder of two police officers.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Yaakov \"Kobi\" Lichtenstein (born 1964) is an Israeli-Brazilian master of krav maga who introduced this martial art to South America.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He is the Chief Instructor of the South American Federation of Krav Maga.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein was born in 1964 in Rehovot, Israel.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He began training in the martial art of krav maga in 1967 under its founder, Imi Lichtenfeld (1910–1998).", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein began teaching the art at the age of 15.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He served for three years in the Israeli Defense Forces, by the end he held a black belt diploma from the Krav Maga Association.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He fought in the First Lebanon War (1982).", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein arrived in Brazil on 18 January 1990, appointed by Lichtenfeld to introduce his martial art to South America.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Emrich \"Imi\" Lichtenfeld () (May 26, 1910 – January 9, 1998) was a Slovak-born Israeli martial artist who founded the Krav Maga self-defense system.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ He was also known as Imi Sde-Or (), the Hebrew calque of his surname.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld was born on May 26, 1910, to a Slovak Jewish family in Pozsony in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ He grew up in Bratislava.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ His father, Samuel Lichtenfeld, was a chief inspector on the Bratislava police force and a former circus acrobat.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld trained at the Hercules Gymnasium, which was owned by his father, who taught self-defense.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld was a successful boxer, wrestler, and gymnast since his youth." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga (; , \"lit.\"", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ \"contact-combat\") is a military self-defence and fighting system developed for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Israeli security forces (Shin Bet and Mossad) that derived from a combination of techniques sourced from Boxing, Wrestling, Aikido, Judo, Karate along with realistic fight training.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga is known for its focus on real-world situations and its extreme efficiency.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ It was derived from the street-fighting experience of Hungarian-Israeli martial artist Imi Lichtenfeld, who made use of his training as a boxer and wrestler as a means of defending the Jewish quarter against fascist groups in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-to-late 1930s.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ In the late 1940s, following his migration to Israel, he began to provide lessons on combat training to what was to become the IDF.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ From the outset, the original concept of Krav Maga was to take the most simple and practical techniques of other fighting styles (originally European boxing, wrestling and street fighting) and to make them rapidly teachable to military conscripts.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has a philosophy emphasizing aggression, and simultaneous defensive and offensive maneuvers.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has been used by the Israel Defense Forces' special forces units, the security apparatus, and by regular infantry units.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ Gunpowder is the first physical explosive and propellant.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ Before its invention, many incendiary and burning devices had been used, including Greek fire.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ The invention of gunpowder is attributed to experimentation in Chinese alchemy by Taoists in the pursuit of immortality, and is popularly listed as one of the \"Four Great Inventions\" of China.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ It was invented during the late Tang dynasty (9th century) but the earliest record of a written formula appeared in the Song dynasty (11th century).", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ Knowledge of gunpowder spread rapidly throughout the Old World possibly as a result of the Mongol conquests during the 13th century, with written formula for it appearing in the 1267 \"Opus Majus\" treatise by Roger Bacon and a 1280 treatise by Hasan al-Rammah.", "Yom Kippur War __knowledge__ The Yom Kippur War, Ramadan War, or October War (, ', or מלחמת יום כיפור\", \"; , ', or , '), also known as the 1973 Arab–Israeli War, was a war fought by a coalition of Arab states led by Egypt and Syria against Israel from October 6 to 25, 1973.", "Yom Kippur War __knowledge__ The fighting mostly took place in the Sinai and the Golan Heights, territories that had been occupied by Israel since the Six-Day War of 1967.", "Yom Kippur War __knowledge__ Egyptian President Anwar Sadat also wanted to reopen the Suez Canal.", "Yom Kippur War __knowledge__ Neither specifically planned to destroy Israel, although the Israeli leaders could not be sure of that.", "Yom Kippur War __knowledge__ The war began when the Arab coalition launched a joint surprise attack on Israeli positions in the Israeli-occupied territories on Yom Kippur, the holiest day in Judaism, which also occurred that year during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ This list is of characters featured in the \"Gaunt's Ghosts\" series of novels by Dan Abnett, which are set in the fictional \"Warhammer 40,000\" universe.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Biographical details are included.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Colonel-Commissar Ibram Gaunt is the commanding officer of the Tanith First-and-Only during the Sabbat Worlds Crusade.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Not much is known of Gaunt's past prior to his training under Commissar-General Delane Oktar, but several flashbacks in \"First and Only\" tell enough to form a picture of his early years (according to the records, his mother died shortly after he was born and his father was killed in action by Orks on the planet Kentaur).", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "World War I __knowledge__ World War I (WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.", "World War I __knowledge__ More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history.", "World War I __knowledge__ Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war (including the victims of a number of genocides), a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ The following is list of characters the appear in the cartoon series, \"Generator Rex\".", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Ricardo \"Rex\" Salazar is a young human-looking E.V.O, but unlike other E.V.O.s, Rex has the ability to control his nanites at will, allowing him to cure other E.V.O.s of their mutations and use his nanites to create a variety of machines on his body and communicate with a variety of machines.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Rex is overconfident, impulsive, and typically, rebellious.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He has a quick wit and is constantly making jokes.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ However, when Rex needs to defend himself, he doesn't hold back.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He prefers to smash anything that gets in his way.", "Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict __knowledge__ Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict refers to the impact of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict on minors in Israel and the Palestinian territories.", "Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict __knowledge__ Laurel Holliday, in her 1999 book \"Children of Israel/Palestine\", writes that two \"ethnically distinct peoples – both Palestinians and Israeli Jews – lay claim to the very same sand, stone, rivers, vegetation, seacoast, and mountains\" and that the stories she presents show that \"Israeli and Palestinian children grow up feeling that they are destined for conflict with their neighbors\".", "Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict __knowledge__ Both the Israeli Defense Forces and militant Palestinian groups have been accused of violating the rights of children and causing injury and death.", "Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ The Gaza War, also known as Operation Cast Lead (), also known as the Gaza Massacre () and the Battle of al-Furqan () by Hamas, was a three-week armed conflict between Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and Israel that began on 27 December 2008 and ended on 18 January 2009 in a unilateral ceasefire.", "Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ Israel's stated goal was to stop indiscriminate Palestinian rocket fire into Israel and weapons smuggling into the Gaza strip.", "Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ Israeli forces attacked police stations, military targets including weapons caches and suspected rocket firing teams, as well as political and administrative institutions in the opening assault, striking in the densely populated cities of Gaza, Khan Yunis and Rafah.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ The Israel Defense Forces (IDF; , \"lit.\"", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ \"The Army of Defense for Israel\"; ), commonly known in Israel by the Hebrew acronym \"Tzahal\" (), are the military forces of the State of Israel.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ They consist of the ground forces, air force, and navy.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ It is the sole military wing of the Israeli security forces, and has no civilian jurisdiction within Israel.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ The IDF is headed by its Chief of General Staff, the \"Ramatkal\", subordinate to the Defense Minister of Israel; Lieutenant general (\"Rav Aluf\") Gadi Eizenkot has served as Chief of Staff since 2015.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ An order from Defense Minister David Ben-Gurion on 26 May 1948 officially set up the Israel Defense Forces as a conscript army formed out of the paramilitary group Haganah, incorporating the militant groups Irgun and Lehi.", "Timeline of the Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ Timeline of the Gaza War.", "Timeline of the Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ For events pertaining to the conflict which occurred before 27 December 2009, see Gaza War (2008–09)#Background and 2007–2008 Israel–Gaza conflict.", "Timeline of the Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ Israeli armed forces began operations against Hamas and the rocket launchers at 11:30 a.m., 27 December.", "Timeline of the Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ More than 50 fighter jets and attack helicopters entered Gazan airspace.", "Timeline of the Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ Palestinian sources said that Israeli forces were responsible for killing 225-292 Palestinians and wounding more than 1,000.", "Timeline of the Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ It was the most extensive attack on Gaza since 1967.", "Timeline of the Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ The IAF, which said that it was responding to Hamas rocket attacks on southern Israel, dropped more than 100 bombs on 50 targets, which reportedly included Hamas paramilitary bases, training camps, and underground Qassam rocket launchers.", "Human rights in Israel __knowledge__ Human rights in Israel refers to the human rights record of the State of Israel as evaluated by intergovernmental organizations, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and human rights activists, often in the context of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, the wider Arab–Israeli conflict and Israel internal politics.", "Human rights in Israel __knowledge__ Israel is a multiparty parliamentary democracy.", "Human rights in Israel __knowledge__ It was described in its Declaration of Independence as a \"Jewish state\" – the legal definition \"Jewish and democratic state\" was adopted in 1985.", "Human rights in Israel __knowledge__ In addition to its Jewish majority, Israel is home to religious and ethnic minorities, some of whom report discrimination.", "Foreign relations of Israel __knowledge__ Israel joined the United Nations on 11 May 1949.", "Foreign relations of Israel __knowledge__ Israel maintains diplomatic ties with 159 countries as of March 2017.", "Foreign relations of Israel __knowledge__ Israel maintains full diplomatic relations and open borders with two of its Arab neighbours, Egypt and Jordan, after signing peace treaties in 1979 and 1994 respectively.", "Foreign relations of Israel __knowledge__ The close friendship with the United States has been the linchpin of Israeli foreign policy for decades.", "Foreign relations of Israel __knowledge__ From the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948 until the Iranian Revolution and the fall of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979, Israel and Iran maintained close ties.", "Foreign relations of Israel __knowledge__ Iran was the second Muslim-majority country to recognize Israel as a sovereign nation after Turkey." ] ]

[ 1, 7, 2, 4 ]

[ "Wow, Krav Maga is a military self-defense and fighting system, that's impressive!", "Well, Krav Maga does have a philosophy of defensive and offensive maneuvers, so it would be great to know. ", "It was developed for the Israeli Defense Forces. Don't mess with them.", "Imi Lichtenfeld used it and developed it." ]

[ "Krav Maga", "Krav Maga", "Krav Maga", "Krav Maga" ]

[ "Tea", "What kind of tea do you drink?", "Are there any health benefits to drinking the tea?", "Are there any religious ceremonies that use tea?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea is an aromatic beverage commonly prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured leaves of the \"Camellia sinensis\", an evergreen shrub (bush) native to Asia.", "Tea __knowledge__ After water, it is the most widely consumed drink in the world.", "Tea __knowledge__ There are many different types of tea; some, like Darjeeling and Chinese greens, have a cooling, slightly bitter, and astringent flavour, while others have vastly different profiles that include sweet, nutty, floral or grassy notes.", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea originated in Southwest China, where it was used as a medicinal drink.", "Tea __knowledge__ It was popularized as a recreational drink during the Chinese Tang dynasty, and tea drinking spread to other East Asian countries.", "Tea __knowledge__ Portuguese priests and merchants introduced it to Europe during the 16th century.", "Tea __knowledge__ During the 17th century, drinking tea became fashionable among Britons, who started large-scale production and commercialization of the plant in India to bypass the Chinese monopoly.", "Tea __knowledge__ The term herbal tea refers to drinks not made from \"Camellia sinensis\": infusions of fruit, leaves, or other parts of the plant, such as steeps of rosehip, chamomile, or rooibos.", "Tea __knowledge__ These are sometimes called \"tisanes\" or \"herbal infusions\" to prevent confusion with tea made from the tea plant." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea is an aromatic beverage commonly prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured leaves of the \"Camellia sinensis\", an evergreen shrub (bush) native to Asia.", "Tea __knowledge__ After water, it is the most widely consumed drink in the world.", "Tea __knowledge__ There are many different types of tea; some, like Darjeeling and Chinese greens, have a cooling, slightly bitter, and astringent flavour, while others have vastly different profiles that include sweet, nutty, floral or grassy notes.", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea originated in Southwest China, where it was used as a medicinal drink.", "Tea __knowledge__ It was popularized as a recreational drink during the Chinese Tang dynasty, and tea drinking spread to other East Asian countries.", "Tea __knowledge__ Portuguese priests and merchants introduced it to Europe during the 16th century.", "Tea __knowledge__ During the 17th century, drinking tea became fashionable among Britons, who started large-scale production and commercialization of the plant in India to bypass the Chinese monopoly.", "Tea __knowledge__ The term herbal tea refers to drinks not made from \"Camellia sinensis\": infusions of fruit, leaves, or other parts of the plant, such as steeps of rosehip, chamomile, or rooibos.", "Tea __knowledge__ These are sometimes called \"tisanes\" or \"herbal infusions\" to prevent confusion with tea made from the tea plant.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea culture is defined by the way tea is made and consumed, by the way the people interact with tea, and by the aesthetics surrounding tea drinking.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ It includes aspects of tea production, tea brewing, tea arts and ceremony, society, history, health, ethics, education, and communication and media issues.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea plays an important role in some countries.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ It is commonly consumed at social events, and many cultures have created intricate formal ceremonies for these events.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Afternoon tea is a British custom with widespread appeal.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea ceremonies, with their roots in the Chinese tea culture, differ among Asian countries, such as the Japanese or Korean versions.", "Tea in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Since the eighteenth century, the United Kingdom has been one of the world's greatest tea consumers, with an average annual \"per capita\" tea supply of 1.9 kg (4.18 lbs).", "Tea in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The British Empire was instrumental in spreading tea from China to India; British interests controlled tea production in the subcontinent.", "Tea in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Tea, which was an upper-class drink in mainland Europe, became the infusion of every social class in Great Britain throughout the course of the eighteenth century and has remained so.", "Tea in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Tea is a prominent feature of British culture and society.", "Tea in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the drinking of tea is so varied that it is quite hard to generalise.", "History of tea __knowledge__ The history of tea is long and complex, spreading across multiple cultures over the span of thousands of years.", "History of tea __knowledge__ Tea likely originated in southwest China during the Shang dynasty as a medicinal drink.", "History of tea __knowledge__ An early credible record of tea drinking dates to the 3rd century AD, in a medical text written by Hua Tuo.", "History of tea __knowledge__ Tea was first introduced to Portuguese priests and merchants in China during the 16th century.", "History of tea __knowledge__ Drinking tea became popular in Britain during the 17th century.", "History of tea __knowledge__ The British introduced tea production, as well as tea consumption, to India, in order to compete with the Chinese monopoly on tea.", "History of tea __knowledge__ \"\"Camellia sinensis\" originated in southeast Asia, specifically around the intersection of latitude 29°N and longitude 98°E, the point of confluence of the lands of northeast India, north Burma, southwest China and Tibet.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ Iced tea (or ice tea; \"thé glacé\" in French) is a form of cold tea.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ Though usually served in a glass with ice, it can refer to a tea that has been chilled or cooled.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ It may or may not be sweetened.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ Iced tea is also a popular packaged drink.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ It can be mixed with flavored syrup, with multiple common flavors including lemon, raspberry, lime, passion fruit, peach, orange, strawberry, and cherry.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ While most iced teas get their flavor from tea leaves (\"Camellia sinensis\"), herbal teas are sometimes served cold and referred to as iced tea.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ Iced tea is sometimes made by a particularly long steeping of tea leaves at lower temperature (one hour in the sun versus 5 minutes at 180–212 °F / 80–100 °C).", "Bubble tea __knowledge__ Bubble tea (also known as pearl milk tea, bubble milk tea, boba juice, boba tea, or simply boba) (, with tapioca balls it is ) is a Taiwanese tea-based drink invented in Tainan and Taichung in the 1980s.", "Bubble tea __knowledge__ Most bubble tea recipes contain a tea base mixed with fruit or milk, to which chewy tapioca balls (known as bubbles, pearls, or boba) and fruit jelly (especially tropical fruits like lychee) are often added.", "Bubble tea __knowledge__ Ice-blended versions are usually mixed with fruit or syrup, resulting in a slushy consistency.", "Bubble tea __knowledge__ There are many varieties of the drink with a wide range of ingredients.", "Bubble tea __knowledge__ The two most popular varieties are bubble milk tea with tapioca and bubble milk green tea with tapioca.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "History of tea in Japan __knowledge__ The history of tea in Japan began as early as the 9th century, when the first known references to tea were made in Japanese records.", "History of tea in Japan __knowledge__ Tea became a drink of the religious classes in Japan when Japanese priests and envoys sent to China to learn about its culture brought tea to Japan.", "History of tea in Japan __knowledge__ The Buddhist monks Kūkai and Saichō may have been the first to bring tea seeds to Japan.", "History of tea in Japan __knowledge__ The first form of tea brought from China was probably brick tea.", "History of tea in Japan __knowledge__ Tea became a drink of the royal classes when Emperor Saga, the Japanese emperor, encouraged the growth of tea plants.", "History of tea in Japan __knowledge__ Seeds were imported from China, and cultivation in Japan began.", "Chinese tea __knowledge__ Chinese tea is a beverage made from the leaves of tea plants (\"Camellia sinensis\") and boiled water.", "Chinese tea __knowledge__ Tea leaves are processed using traditional Chinese methods.", "Chinese tea __knowledge__ Chinese tea is consumed throughout the day, including during meals, as a substitute for plain water, for health, or for simple pleasure.", "Chinese tea __knowledge__ The practice of drinking tea has a long history in China, having originated there.", "Chinese tea __knowledge__ Although tea originated in China, during the Tang Dynasty, Chinese tea generally represents tea leaves which have been processed using methods inherited from ancient China.", "Chinese tea __knowledge__ According to popular legend, tea was discovered by Chinese Emperor Shen Nong in 2737 BCE when a leaf from a nearby shrub fell into water the emperor was boiling.", "Chinese tea culture __knowledge__ Chinese tea culture refers to how tea is prepared as well as the occasions when people consume tea in China.", "Chinese tea culture __knowledge__ Tea culture in China differs from that in European countries like Britain and other Asian countries like Japan, Korea, Vietnam in preparation, taste, and occasion when it is consumed.", "Chinese tea culture __knowledge__ Tea is still consumed regularly, both on casual and formal occasions.", "Chinese tea culture __knowledge__ In addition to being a popular beverage, it is used in traditional Chinese medicine as well as in Chinese cuisine.", "Chinese tea culture __knowledge__ The concept of tea culture is referred to in Chinese as \"chayi\" (\"the art of drinking tea\"), or \"cha wenhua\" (\"tea culture\")." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea is an aromatic beverage commonly prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured leaves of the \"Camellia sinensis\", an evergreen shrub (bush) native to Asia.", "Tea __knowledge__ After water, it is the most widely consumed drink in the world.", "Tea __knowledge__ There are many different types of tea; some, like Darjeeling and Chinese greens, have a cooling, slightly bitter, and astringent flavour, while others have vastly different profiles that include sweet, nutty, floral or grassy notes.", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea originated in Southwest China, where it was used as a medicinal drink.", "Tea __knowledge__ It was popularized as a recreational drink during the Chinese Tang dynasty, and tea drinking spread to other East Asian countries.", "Tea __knowledge__ Portuguese priests and merchants introduced it to Europe during the 16th century.", "Tea __knowledge__ During the 17th century, drinking tea became fashionable among Britons, who started large-scale production and commercialization of the plant in India to bypass the Chinese monopoly.", "Tea __knowledge__ The term herbal tea refers to drinks not made from \"Camellia sinensis\": infusions of fruit, leaves, or other parts of the plant, such as steeps of rosehip, chamomile, or rooibos.", "Tea __knowledge__ These are sometimes called \"tisanes\" or \"herbal infusions\" to prevent confusion with tea made from the tea plant.", "Tea in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Since the eighteenth century, the United Kingdom has been one of the world's greatest tea consumers, with an average annual \"per capita\" tea supply of 1.9 kg (4.18 lbs).", "Tea in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The British Empire was instrumental in spreading tea from China to India; British interests controlled tea production in the subcontinent.", "Tea in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Tea, which was an upper-class drink in mainland Europe, became the infusion of every social class in Great Britain throughout the course of the eighteenth century and has remained so.", "Tea in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Tea is a prominent feature of British culture and society.", "Tea in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the drinking of tea is so varied that it is quite hard to generalise.", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, health insurance is any program that helps pay for medical expenses, whether through privately purchased insurance, social insurance or a social welfare program funded by the government.", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ Synonyms for this usage include \"health coverage\", \"health care coverage\" and \"health benefits\".", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ In a more technical sense, the term is used to describe any form of insurance that provides protection against the costs of medical services.", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ This usage includes private insurance and social insurance programs such as Medicare, which pools resources and spreads the financial risk associated with major medical expenses across the entire population to protect everyone, as well as social welfare programs such as Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program, which provide assistance to people who cannot afford health coverage.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea culture is defined by the way tea is made and consumed, by the way the people interact with tea, and by the aesthetics surrounding tea drinking.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ It includes aspects of tea production, tea brewing, tea arts and ceremony, society, history, health, ethics, education, and communication and media issues.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea plays an important role in some countries.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ It is commonly consumed at social events, and many cultures have created intricate formal ceremonies for these events.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Afternoon tea is a British custom with widespread appeal.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea ceremonies, with their roots in the Chinese tea culture, differ among Asian countries, such as the Japanese or Korean versions.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ The health effects of wine are mainly determined by its active ingredient alcohol.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ Some studies found that drinking small quantities of alcohol (up to one standard drink per day for women and one to two drinks per day for men) is associated with a decreased risk of heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and early death.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ However, other studies found no such effect.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ Drinking more than the standard drink amount increases the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, stroke and cancer.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ Mixed results are also observed in light drinking and cancer mortality.", "Green tea __knowledge__ Green tea is a type of tea that is made from \"Camellia sinensis\" leaves that have not undergone the same withering and oxidation process used to make oolong teas and black teas.", "Green tea __knowledge__ Green tea originated in China, but its production and manufacture has spread to many other countries in Asia.", "Green tea __knowledge__ Several varieties of green tea exist, which differ substantially based on the variety of \"C. sinensis\" used, growing conditions, horticultural methods, production processing, and time of harvest.", "Green tea __knowledge__ Tea consumption has its legendary origins in China during the reign of Emperor Shennong.", "Green tea __knowledge__ A book written by Lu Yu in 600-900 AD (Tang Dynasty), \"Tea Classic\" (), is considered important in green tea history.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ The long-term effects of alcohol (also known formally as ethanol) consumption range from cardioprotective health benefits for low to moderate alcohol consumption in industrialized societies with higher rates of cardiovascular disease to severe detrimental effects in cases of chronic alcohol abuse.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ Health effects associated with alcohol intake in large amounts include an increased risk of alcoholism, malnutrition, chronic pancreatitis, alcoholic liver disease and cancer.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ In addition, damage to the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system can occur from chronic alcohol abuse.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ The long-term use of alcohol is capable of damaging nearly every organ and system in the body.", "United States raw milk debate __knowledge__ The United States raw milk debate concerns issues of food safety and claimed health benefits of raw (un-pasteurized, un-homogenized) milk, and whether authorities responsible for regulating food safety should prohibit sale of raw milk for consumption.", "United States raw milk debate __knowledge__ Raw milk makes up a small proportion of US general population milk consumption.", "United States raw milk debate __knowledge__ However, some claim the demand for raw milk has \"considerably increased in recent years\".", "United States raw milk debate __knowledge__ Raw milk advocates claim a variety of health benefits attributable to untreated dairy products; government officials and scientific researchers stress that there are substantial food safety risks associated with raw milk, and that claims of health benefits provided by raw milk are unsupported by scientific evidence.", "History of tea __knowledge__ The history of tea is long and complex, spreading across multiple cultures over the span of thousands of years.", "History of tea __knowledge__ Tea likely originated in southwest China during the Shang dynasty as a medicinal drink.", "History of tea __knowledge__ An early credible record of tea drinking dates to the 3rd century AD, in a medical text written by Hua Tuo.", "History of tea __knowledge__ Tea was first introduced to Portuguese priests and merchants in China during the 16th century.", "History of tea __knowledge__ Drinking tea became popular in Britain during the 17th century.", "History of tea __knowledge__ The British introduced tea production, as well as tea consumption, to India, in order to compete with the Chinese monopoly on tea.", "History of tea __knowledge__ \"\"Camellia sinensis\" originated in southeast Asia, specifically around the intersection of latitude 29°N and longitude 98°E, the point of confluence of the lands of northeast India, north Burma, southwest China and Tibet.", "Masala chai __knowledge__ Masala chai (; , literally \"mixed-spice tea\"; ) is a flavoured tea beverage made by brewing black tea with a mixture of aromatic Indian spices and herbs.", "Masala chai __knowledge__ Originating in the Indian subcontinent, the beverage has gained worldwide popularity, becoming a feature in many coffee and tea houses.", "Masala chai __knowledge__ Although traditionally prepared by a decoction of green cardamom pods, cinnamon sticks, ground cloves, ground ginger, and black peppercorn together with black tea leaves, retail versions include tea bags for infusion, instant powdered mixtures, and concentrates.", "Masala chai __knowledge__ The noun \"chai\" alone refers to the beverage tea, although some cultures have appropriated it as a loanword to mean \"masala chai\".", "Pu'er tea __knowledge__ Pu'er or pu-erh is a variety of fermented tea produced in Yunnan province, China.", "Pu'er tea __knowledge__ The town of Pu'er is named after the tea that is produced close by.", "Pu'er tea __knowledge__ Fermentation in the context of tea production involves microbial fermentation and oxidation of the tea leaves, after they have been dried and rolled.", "Pu'er tea __knowledge__ This process is a Chinese specialty and produces tea known as \"hēichá\" (黑茶), commonly translated as dark, or black tea.", "Pu'er tea __knowledge__ This type of tea is different from what in the West is known as \"black tea\", which in China is called \"hóngchá\" (红茶) i.e.", "Pu'er tea __knowledge__ \"red tea\".", "Pu'er tea __knowledge__ The best known variety of this category of tea is pu'er from Yunnan Province, named after the trading post for dark tea during imperial China.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ Iced tea (or ice tea; \"thé glacé\" in French) is a form of cold tea.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ Though usually served in a glass with ice, it can refer to a tea that has been chilled or cooled.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ It may or may not be sweetened.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ Iced tea is also a popular packaged drink.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ It can be mixed with flavored syrup, with multiple common flavors including lemon, raspberry, lime, passion fruit, peach, orange, strawberry, and cherry.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ While most iced teas get their flavor from tea leaves (\"Camellia sinensis\"), herbal teas are sometimes served cold and referred to as iced tea.", "Iced tea __knowledge__ Iced tea is sometimes made by a particularly long steeping of tea leaves at lower temperature (one hour in the sun versus 5 minutes at 180–212 °F / 80–100 °C).", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea is an aromatic beverage commonly prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured leaves of the \"Camellia sinensis\", an evergreen shrub (bush) native to Asia.", "Tea __knowledge__ After water, it is the most widely consumed drink in the world.", "Tea __knowledge__ There are many different types of tea; some, like Darjeeling and Chinese greens, have a cooling, slightly bitter, and astringent flavour, while others have vastly different profiles that include sweet, nutty, floral or grassy notes.", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea originated in Southwest China, where it was used as a medicinal drink.", "Tea __knowledge__ It was popularized as a recreational drink during the Chinese Tang dynasty, and tea drinking spread to other East Asian countries.", "Tea __knowledge__ Portuguese priests and merchants introduced it to Europe during the 16th century.", "Tea __knowledge__ During the 17th century, drinking tea became fashionable among Britons, who started large-scale production and commercialization of the plant in India to bypass the Chinese monopoly.", "Tea __knowledge__ The term herbal tea refers to drinks not made from \"Camellia sinensis\": infusions of fruit, leaves, or other parts of the plant, such as steeps of rosehip, chamomile, or rooibos.", "Tea __knowledge__ These are sometimes called \"tisanes\" or \"herbal infusions\" to prevent confusion with tea made from the tea plant.", "Korean tea ceremony __knowledge__ The Korean tea ceremony or darye (茶禮) is a traditional form of tea ceremony practiced in Korea.", "Korean tea ceremony __knowledge__ Darye literally refers to \"\"etiquette for tea\"\" or \"\"day tea rite\"\" and has been kept among Korean people for an over a thousand years.", "Korean tea ceremony __knowledge__ The chief element of the Korean tea ceremony is the ease and naturalness of enjoying tea within an easy formal setting.", "Korean tea ceremony __knowledge__ Tea ceremonies are now being revived in Korea as a way to find relaxation and harmony in the fast-paced new Korean culture, and continuing in the long tradition of intangible Korean art.", "Korean tea ceremony __knowledge__ The first historical record documenting the offering of tea to an ancestral god describes a rite in the year 661 in which a tea offering was made to the spirit of King Suro, the founder of the Geumgwan Gaya Kingdom (42-562).", "Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty __knowledge__ The exact nature of relations between Tibet and the Ming dynasty of China (1368–1644) is unclear.", "Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty __knowledge__ Analysis of the relationship is further complicated by modern political conflicts and the application of Westphalian sovereignty to a time when the concept did not exist.", "Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty __knowledge__ Some Mainland Chinese scholars, such as Wang Jiawei and Nyima Gyaincain, assert that the Ming dynasty had unquestioned sovereignty over Tibet, pointing to the Ming court's issuing of various titles to Tibetan leaders, Tibetans' full acceptance of these titles, and a renewal process for successors of these titles that involved traveling to the Ming capital.", "Hudson Brothers __knowledge__ The Hudson Brothers is an American music group formed in Portland, Oregon in the 1970s and consisting of Bill Hudson, Brett Hudson and Mark Hudson.", "Hudson Brothers __knowledge__ Their popular songs have included \"So You Are a Star\" (1974), \"Rendezvous\" (1975), \"Lonely School Year\" (1975), and \"Help Wanted\" (1976).", "Hudson Brothers __knowledge__ Their first musical group, The New Yorkers, was named after the Chrysler automobile after the winning of a \"battle of the bands\"-type contest.", "Hudson Brothers __knowledge__ In spring 1967 they released \"When I'm Gone\" (SCE-12190) on Scepter Records, following that in August 1967 with \"Mr. Kirby\" (SCE-12199) and then \"Show Me the Way to Love\" (SCE-12207) in autumn 1967.", "Mask __knowledge__ A mask is an object normally worn on the face, typically for protection, disguise, performance, or entertainment.", "Mask __knowledge__ Masks have been used since antiquity for both ceremonial and practical purposes.", "Mask __knowledge__ They are usually worn on the face, although they may also be positioned for effect elsewhere on the wearer's body.", "Mask __knowledge__ In parts of Australia, giant totem masks cover the body, whilst Inuit women use finger masks during storytelling and dancing.", "Mask __knowledge__ The word \"mask\" appeared in English in the 1530s, from Middle French \"masque\" \"covering to hide or guard the face\", derived in turn from Italian \"maschera\", from Medieval Latin \"masca\" \"mask, specter, nightmare\".", "Deshastha Brahmin __knowledge__ Deshastha Brahmins are a Hindu Brahmin subcaste mainly from the Indian state of Maharashtra and northern area of the state of Karnataka.", "Deshastha Brahmin __knowledge__ The word \"Deshastha\" derives from the Sanskrit \"deśa\" (inland, country) and \"stha\" (resident), literally translating to \"residents of the country\".", "Deshastha Brahmin __knowledge__ The valleys of the Krishna and the Godavari rivers, and a part of Deccan plateau adjacent to the Sahyadri hills, are collectively termed the \"Desha\" – the original home of the Deshastha Brahmins.", "Deshastha Brahmin __knowledge__ Over the millennia, the community produced the eighth century Sanskrit scholar Bhavabhuti, the thirteenth century Varkari saint and philosopher Dnyaneshwar, his brother and guru Saint Nivruttinath, his sister Saint Muktabai, his brother Saint Sopan.", "American Indian Religious Freedom Act __knowledge__ The American Indian Religious Freedom Act, Public Law No.", "American Indian Religious Freedom Act __knowledge__ 95-341, 92 Stat.", "American Indian Religious Freedom Act __knowledge__ 469 (Aug. 11, 1978) (commonly abbreviated to AIRFA), codified at , is a United States federal law, enacted by joint resolution of the Congress in 1978.", "American Indian Religious Freedom Act __knowledge__ Prior to the act, many aspects of various Native American religions had been prohibited by law.", "American Indian Religious Freedom Act __knowledge__ It was enacted to return basic civil liberties, and to protect and preserve for American Indians their inherent right of freedom to believe, express, and exercise the traditional religious rights and cultural practices of American Indians, Eskimos, Aleuts, and Native Hawaiians.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea culture is defined by the way tea is made and consumed, by the way the people interact with tea, and by the aesthetics surrounding tea drinking.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ It includes aspects of tea production, tea brewing, tea arts and ceremony, society, history, health, ethics, education, and communication and media issues.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea plays an important role in some countries.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ It is commonly consumed at social events, and many cultures have created intricate formal ceremonies for these events.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Afternoon tea is a British custom with widespread appeal.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea ceremonies, with their roots in the Chinese tea culture, differ among Asian countries, such as the Japanese or Korean versions.", "History of tea __knowledge__ The history of tea is long and complex, spreading across multiple cultures over the span of thousands of years.", "History of tea __knowledge__ Tea likely originated in southwest China during the Shang dynasty as a medicinal drink.", "History of tea __knowledge__ An early credible record of tea drinking dates to the 3rd century AD, in a medical text written by Hua Tuo.", "History of tea __knowledge__ Tea was first introduced to Portuguese priests and merchants in China during the 16th century.", "History of tea __knowledge__ Drinking tea became popular in Britain during the 17th century.", "History of tea __knowledge__ The British introduced tea production, as well as tea consumption, to India, in order to compete with the Chinese monopoly on tea.", "History of tea __knowledge__ \"\"Camellia sinensis\" originated in southeast Asia, specifically around the intersection of latitude 29°N and longitude 98°E, the point of confluence of the lands of northeast India, north Burma, southwest China and Tibet.", "Drink __knowledge__ A drink or beverage is a liquid intended for human consumption.", "Drink __knowledge__ In addition to their basic function of satisfying thirst, drinks play important roles in human culture.", "Drink __knowledge__ Common types of drinks include plain water, milk, juices, coffee, tea, and soft drinks.", "Drink __knowledge__ In addition, alcoholic drinks such as wine, beer, and liquor, which contain the drug ethanol, have been part of human culture and development for 8,000 years.", "Drink __knowledge__ Non-alcoholic drinks often signify drinks that would normally contain alcohol, such as beer and wine, but are made with less than .5 percent alcohol by volume.", "Drink __knowledge__ The category includes drinks that have undergone an alcohol removal process such as non-alcoholic beers and de-alcoholized wines.", "Shang dynasty __knowledge__ The Shang dynasty () or Yin dynasty (), according to traditional historiography, ruled in the Yellow River valley in the second millennium BC, succeeding the Xia dynasty and followed by the Zhou dynasty.", "Shang dynasty __knowledge__ The classic account of the Shang comes from texts such as the \"Book of Documents\", \"Bamboo Annals\" and \"Records of the Grand Historian\".", "Shang dynasty __knowledge__ According to the traditional chronology based on calculations made approximately 2,000 years ago by Liu Xin, the Shang ruled from 1766 to 1122 BC, but according to the chronology based upon the \"current text\" of \"Bamboo Annals\", they ruled from 1556 to 1046 BC.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ China has long been a cradle and host to a variety of the most enduring religio-philosophical traditions of the world.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ Confucianism and Taoism, later joined by Buddhism, constitute the \"three teachings\" that have shaped Chinese culture.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ There are no clear boundaries between these intertwined religious systems, which do not claim to be exclusive, and elements of each enrich popular or folk religion.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ The emperors of China claimed the Mandate of Heaven and participated in Chinese religious practices.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, reform-minded officials and intellectuals attacked all religions as \"superstitious\", and since 1949, China has been governed by the Communist Party of China, an atheist institution that prohibits party members from practising religion while in office.", "History of China __knowledge__ Written records of the history of China date from as early as 1500 BC, from the Shang dynasty (c. 1600–1046 BC).", "History of China __knowledge__ Ancient historical texts such as the \"Records of the Grand Historian\" (c. 100 BC) and the \"Bamboo Annals\" (296 BC) describe a Xia dynasty (c. 2070–1600 BC) before the Shang, but no writing on a durable medium have survived.", "History of China __knowledge__ The Shang ruled in the Yellow River valley, which is commonly held to be the cradle of Chinese civilization.", "History of China __knowledge__ However, Neolithic civilizations originated at various cultural centers along both the Yellow River and Yangtze River.", "History of China __knowledge__ These Yellow River and Yangtze civilizations arose millennia before the Shang.", "Chinese characters __knowledge__ Chinese characters are logograms used in the writing of Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and some other Asian languages.", "Chinese characters __knowledge__ In Standard Chinese, they are called hànzì (, lit \"\"Han characters\"\").", "Chinese characters __knowledge__ They have been adapted to write a number of other languages, including Japanese, where they are known as \"kanji\" (); Korean, where they are known as \"Hanja\" (); Vietnamese, in a system known as \"chữ Nôm\"; and Zhuang, in a system known as \"Sawndip\".", "Chinese characters __knowledge__ Collectively, they are known as CJK characters.", "Chinese characters __knowledge__ Chinese characters constitute the oldest continuously used system of writing in the world.", "Chinese characters __knowledge__ By virtue of their widespread current use in East Asia, and historic use throughout the Sinosphere, Chinese characters are among the most widely adopted writing systems in the world by number of users." ] ]

[ 0, 1, 44, 0 ]

[ "I love drinking tea. It is my favorite beverage.", "Black tea mostly. It's an aromatic beverage commonly prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured tea leaves.", "Tea likely originated in southwest China during the Shang dynasty - used as a medicinal drink! ", "Tea ceremonies are popular in Japan using Matcha - young green tea leaves." ]

[ "Tea", "Tea", "Tea", "Tea" ]

[ "Britney Spears", "Yes I do! I used to listen to her when I was younger. Do you like her?", "I didn't know that. Do you have a favorite album?", "That was a really good one. Did she win any awards for it?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Britney Jean Spears (born December 2, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, dancer, and actress.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Born in McComb, Mississippi, and raised in Kentwood, Louisiana, she performed acting roles in stage productions and television shows as a child before signing with Jive Records in 1997.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Spears's first and second studio albums, \"...Baby One More Time\" (1999) and \"Oops!...", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ I Did It Again\" (2000), became international successes, with the former becoming the best-selling album by a teenage solo artist.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Title tracks \"...Baby One More Time\" and \"Oops!...", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ I Did It Again\" broke international sales records.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ In 2001, Spears released her self-titled third studio album, \"Britney\", and played the starring role in the film \"Crossroads\" (2002).", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ She assumed creative control of her fourth studio album, \"In the Zone\" (2003), which yielded the worldwide success of the single \"Toxic\".", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ In 2007, Spears's much-publicized personal issues sent her career into hiatus.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Her fifth studio album, \"Blackout\", was released later that year, and spawned singles such as \"Gimme More\" and \"Piece of Me\".", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Her erratic behavior and hospitalizations continued through the following year, at which point she was placed under a still ongoing conservatorship." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Britney Jean Spears (born December 2, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, dancer, and actress.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Born in McComb, Mississippi, and raised in Kentwood, Louisiana, she performed acting roles in stage productions and television shows as a child before signing with Jive Records in 1997.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Spears's first and second studio albums, \"...Baby One More Time\" (1999) and \"Oops!...", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ I Did It Again\" (2000), became international successes, with the former becoming the best-selling album by a teenage solo artist.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Title tracks \"...Baby One More Time\" and \"Oops!...", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ I Did It Again\" broke international sales records.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ In 2001, Spears released her self-titled third studio album, \"Britney\", and played the starring role in the film \"Crossroads\" (2002).", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ She assumed creative control of her fourth studio album, \"In the Zone\" (2003), which yielded the worldwide success of the single \"Toxic\".", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ In 2007, Spears's much-publicized personal issues sent her career into hiatus.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Her fifth studio album, \"Blackout\", was released later that year, and spawned singles such as \"Gimme More\" and \"Piece of Me\".", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Her erratic behavior and hospitalizations continued through the following year, at which point she was placed under a still ongoing conservatorship.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men are a culture jamming activist duo and network of supporters created by Jacques Servin and Igor Vamos.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ Through actions of tactical media, the Yes Men primarily aim to raise awareness about problematic social and political issues.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ To date, the duo have produced three films: \"The Yes Men\" (2003), \"The Yes Men Fix the World\" (2009) and \"The Yes Men Are Revolting\" (2014).", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ In these films, they impersonate entities that they dislike, a practice that they call \"identity correction\".", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men operate under the mission statement that lies can expose truth.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ They create and maintain fake websites similar to ones they intend to spoof, which have led to numerous interview, conference, and TV talk show invitations.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ \"Say Yes\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Michelle Williams, taken from her fourth studio album \"Journey to Freedom\" (2014).", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ It features Williams' former Destiny's Child groupmates Beyoncé and Kelly Rowland.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Williams, Carmen Reece, Al Sherrod Lambert and Harmony Samuels who also produced it.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ E1 Music released \"Say Yes\" as the album's third single on June 2, 2014.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ \"Say Yes\" marks the third time the trio collaborated as solo artists following the disbandment of their group in 2006.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ Musically, \"Say Yes\" is an uptempo gospel and pop song, which takes influence from dance music.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ The Doctor is the title character in the long-running BBC science fiction television programme \"Doctor Who\".", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ Since the show's inception in 1963, the character has been portrayed by twelve lead actors.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ In the programme, \"the Doctor\" is the alias assumed by a centuries-old alien—a Time Lord from the planet Gallifrey—who travels through space and time in the TARDIS, frequently with companions.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ The transition to each succeeding actor is explained within the show's narrative through the plot device of \"regeneration\", a biological function of the Time Lord race that allows a change of cellular structure and appearance with recovery following a potentially fatal injury.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Britney: For the Record __knowledge__ Britney: For the Record is a 2008 documentary television film about American singer and actress Britney Spears, following her return to the recording industry after her much-publicized personal struggles.", "Britney: For the Record __knowledge__ The film was shot in Beverly Hills and New York City during the third quarter of 2008; main shooting began on September 5, 2008, two days before Spears's appearance at the MTV Video Music Awards.", "Britney: For the Record __knowledge__ It was directed by Phil Griffin.", "Britney: For the Record __knowledge__ MTV, one of the two official distributors of the documentary, posted on their website the first promotional trailer on October 9, 2008.", "Britney: For the Record __knowledge__ \"Britney: For the Record\" premiered on MTV on November 30, 2008 in the United States, two days after the release of her sixth studio album, \"Circus\", for which the documentary served as a promotion tool.", "Toxic (song) __knowledge__ \"Toxic\" is a song recorded by American singer Britney Spears for her fourth studio album \"In the Zone\" (2003).", "Toxic (song) __knowledge__ It was written and produced by Christian Karlsson and Pontus Winnberg (known collectively as Bloodshy & Avant), with additional writing from Cathy Dennis and Henrik Jonback.", "Toxic (song) __knowledge__ The song released on January 13, 2004, by Jive Records, as the second single from \"In the Zone\".", "Toxic (song) __knowledge__ The song was originally offered to Kylie Minogue for her ninth studio album \"Body Language\" (2003), but she rejected it.", "Toxic (song) __knowledge__ After trying to choose between \"(I Got That) Boom Boom\" and \"Outrageous\" to be the second single from \"In the Zone\", Spears selected \"Toxic\" instead.", "...Baby One More Time (song) __knowledge__ \"...Baby One More Time\" is the debut single by American singer Britney Spears.", "...Baby One More Time (song) __knowledge__ It was written by Max Martin and produced by Martin and Rami, and released in 1998, by Jive Records for Spears's debut album of the same name (1999).", "...Baby One More Time (song) __knowledge__ After recording and sending a demo tape with an unused song from Toni Braxton, Spears signed a multi-album deal with Jive.", "...Baby One More Time (song) __knowledge__ \"...Baby One More Time\" is a teen pop and dance-pop song that refers to a girl's feelings after a break-up with her boyfriend.", "...Baby One More Time (song) __knowledge__ \"...Baby One More Time\" reached number one in every country it charted in, including the United Kingdom, where it earned double-platinum status and became the country's best-selling song of 1999.", "Britney Spears products __knowledge__ Since the launch of her career, American recording artist and entertainer Britney Spears has developed and endorsed a number of products; these have included books, video releases, video games, dolls, clothing (in conjunction with her tours), branded clothing, and successful fragrances.", "Britney Spears products __knowledge__ She has also contributed to others albums by songwriting.", "Britney Spears products __knowledge__ Spears endorsed her first Elizabeth Arden fragrance \"Curious\" in 2004, and earned $300 million in sales in just five weeks, becoming then Elizabeth Arden's Top Selling Fragrance Worldwide.", "Britney Spears products __knowledge__ In September 2005, Spears released the fragrance \"Fantasy\", which also saw massive success, becoming the best selling fragrance of 2006.", "Gimme More __knowledge__ \"Gimme More\" is a song recorded by American singer Britney Spears for her fifth studio album, \"Blackout\" (2007).", "Gimme More __knowledge__ It was released on September 20, 2007 by Jive Records as the lead single from the album.", "Gimme More __knowledge__ The song was written by Nate \"Danja\" Hills, James \"Jim Beanz\" Washington, Keri Hilson and Marcella Araica, while production was handled by Danja and vocal production was handled by Washington and Hilson.", "Gimme More __knowledge__ \"Gimme More\" was recorded in 2006 during Spears's second pregnancy, and was one of the first solo productions by Danja.", "Gimme More __knowledge__ The song opens with an intro in which Spears utters the phrase \"It's Britney, bitch\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Britney Jean Spears (born December 2, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, dancer, and actress.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Born in McComb, Mississippi, and raised in Kentwood, Louisiana, she performed acting roles in stage productions and television shows as a child before signing with Jive Records in 1997.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Spears's first and second studio albums, \"...Baby One More Time\" (1999) and \"Oops!...", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ I Did It Again\" (2000), became international successes, with the former becoming the best-selling album by a teenage solo artist.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Title tracks \"...Baby One More Time\" and \"Oops!...", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ I Did It Again\" broke international sales records.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ In 2001, Spears released her self-titled third studio album, \"Britney\", and played the starring role in the film \"Crossroads\" (2002).", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ She assumed creative control of her fourth studio album, \"In the Zone\" (2003), which yielded the worldwide success of the single \"Toxic\".", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ In 2007, Spears's much-publicized personal issues sent her career into hiatus.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Her fifth studio album, \"Blackout\", was released later that year, and spawned singles such as \"Gimme More\" and \"Piece of Me\".", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Her erratic behavior and hospitalizations continued through the following year, at which point she was placed under a still ongoing conservatorship.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, songwriter, and dancer.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"King of Pop\", he was one of the most popular entertainers in the world, and was the best-selling music artist during the year of his death.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Jackson's contributions to music, dance, and fashion along with his publicized personal life made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ The eighth child of the Jackson family, Michael made his professional debut in 1964 with his elder brothers Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, and Marlon as a member of the Jackson 5.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ He began his solo career in 1971 while at Motown Records.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Carrie Marie Underwood (born March 10, 1983) is an American country singer, songwriter, and actress.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ She rose to fame as the winner of the fourth season of \"American Idol\", in 2005.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Her debut album, \"Some Hearts\", was released in 2005.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Bolstered by the huge crossover success of the singles \"Jesus, Take the Wheel\" and \"Before He Cheats\", it became the best-selling solo female debut album in country music history, the fastest-selling debut country album in Nielsen SoundScan history and the best-selling country album of the last 14 years.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Underwood won three Grammy Awards for the album, including Best New Artist.", "Reba McEntire __knowledge__ Reba Nell McEntire (born March 28, 1955) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and record producer.", "Reba McEntire __knowledge__ She began her career in the music industry as a high school student singing in the Kiowa High School band, on local radio shows with her siblings, and at rodeos.", "Reba McEntire __knowledge__ While a sophomore in college, she performed the National Anthem at the National Rodeo in Oklahoma City and caught the attention of country artist Red Steagall who brought her to Nashville, Tennessee.", "Reba McEntire __knowledge__ She signed a contract with Mercury Records a year later in 1975.", "Reba McEntire __knowledge__ She released her first solo album in 1977 and released five additional studio albums under the label until 1983.", "Aaliyah __knowledge__ Aaliyah Dana Haughton (; January 16, 1979 – August 25, 2001) was an American singer, actress, and model.", "Aaliyah __knowledge__ She was born in Brooklyn, New York, and raised in Detroit, Michigan.", "Aaliyah __knowledge__ At the age of 10, she appeared on the television show \"Star Search\" and performed in concert alongside Gladys Knight.", "Aaliyah __knowledge__ At age 12, Aaliyah signed with Jive Records and her uncle Barry Hankerson's Blackground Records.", "Aaliyah __knowledge__ Hankerson introduced her to R. Kelly, who became her mentor, as well as lead songwriter and producer of her debut album, \"Age Ain't Nothing but a Number\".", "Aaliyah __knowledge__ The album sold three million copies in the United States and was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).", "Chris Barnes (musician) __knowledge__ Chris Barnes (born December 29, 1967) is an American musician mainly noted for his deep-throat vocals and explicitly violent lyrics.", "Chris Barnes (musician) __knowledge__ He was the founding vocalist and lyricist of the death metal band Cannibal Corpse (from 1988 to 1995), later working as part of Six Feet Under, and has appeared on the Finnish death metal band Torture Killer's second album \"Swarm!\".", "Chris Barnes (musician) __knowledge__ Barnes designed the original Cannibal Corpse logo, the Six Feet Under logo and also created the artwork for \"Warpath\", released in 1997.", "Chris Barnes (musician) __knowledge__ Barnes had started his extreme metal career at the age of 19.", "Chris Barnes (musician) __knowledge__ His first band was a death/thrash band called Tirant Sin, which was formed in 1986 in his' hometown of Buffalo.", "ButterFly (Barbra Streisand album) __knowledge__ ButterFly is the sixteenth studio album by American singer Barbra Streisand.", "ButterFly (Barbra Streisand album) __knowledge__ It was released on October 1, 1974 by Columbia Records.", "ButterFly (Barbra Streisand album) __knowledge__ After releasing \"The Way We Were\" earlier in 1974, a collection predominantly consisting of previously released songs, Streisand recorded her first album of entirely new material in over three years.", "ButterFly (Barbra Streisand album) __knowledge__ Recorded throughout 1974 and primarily a contemporary pop record, it also incorporates music from the reggae and R&B genres.", "ButterFly (Barbra Streisand album) __knowledge__ All of the tracks on \"ButterFly\" are cover songs produced by Streisand's then-boyfriend Jon Peters, originating from artists like Bob Marley, David Bowie, Evie Sands, and Graham Nash.", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ Mariah Carey (born March 27, 1969 or 1970) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and actress.", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ After signing to Columbia Records, she released her debut album, \"Mariah Carey\" (1990), which spawned four number-one singles on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart: \"Vision of Love\", \"Love Takes Time\", \"Someday\", and \"I Don't Wanna Cry\".", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ Following her marriage to Sony Music head Tommy Mottola, Carey became the label's highest-selling act with the albums \"Music Box\" (1993), \"Merry Christmas\" (1994), and \"Daydream\" (1995).", "Mariah Carey __knowledge__ These albums spawned a string of successful singles including the international number-one \"Without You\", holiday track \"All I Want for Christmas Is You\", and \"One Sweet Day\", which became the longest-running U.S. number-one single in history with a total of 16 weeks.", "Zomba Group of Companies __knowledge__ The Zomba Group of Companies (sometimes referred to as Zomba Music Group or just Zomba Group) was a music group and division which was owned by and operated under Sony Music Entertainment.", "Zomba Group of Companies __knowledge__ The division was renamed to Jive Label Group in 2009 and was placed under the RCA/Jive Label Group umbrella.", "Zomba Group of Companies __knowledge__ In 2011, the RCA/Jive Label Group was split in half.", "Zomba Group of Companies __knowledge__ Multiple Jive Label Group artists were moved to Epic Records while others stayed with Jive as it moved under the RCA Music Group.", "Zomba Group of Companies __knowledge__ In October 2011 Jive Records was shut down and their artists were moved to RCA Records.", "Zomba Group of Companies __knowledge__ Founded independently in the mid-seventies by Clive Calder and Ralph Simon, the group has had interests in music release, distribution, production, publishing, equipment rental, recording studios, and artist management.", "Jive Records __knowledge__ Jive Records was an American record label under the RCA Music Group formed in 1981 by Zomba Records.", "Jive Records __knowledge__ Formerly headquartered in New York City, the label was best known for a string of successes with hip hop artists in the 1980s, and also in teen pop and boy bands during the 1990s and the early 2000s.", "Jive Records __knowledge__ Jive Records operated as an independently managed label until 2003, when Bertelsmann Music Group (BMG) acquired the remainder of its parent company Zomba for US $2.74 billion, which at the time was the largest-ever acquisition of an independent label with major-label distribution.", "Jive Records __knowledge__ In 1971, South African musicians Clive Calder and Ralph Simon began a publishing and management company.", "No Strings Attached (NSYNC album) __knowledge__ No Strings Attached is the third studio album by American boy band NSYNC, released on March 21, 2000 by Jive Records.", "No Strings Attached (NSYNC album) __knowledge__ Looking to distinguish their music from that of their labelmates, its music incorporates pop and R&B styles.", "No Strings Attached (NSYNC album) __knowledge__ Prior to the release of the album, NSYNC separated from their management Trans Continental and their label RCA Records; its title is a play on the idea of independence from corporate control.", "No Strings Attached (NSYNC album) __knowledge__ Contributions to the album's production came from a wide range of producers, including group members Justin Timberlake and JC Chasez and new collaborators Kristian Lundin, Jake Schulze, Rami, Teddy Riley, Kevin \"She'kspere\" Briggs, Richard Marx, Veit Renn, Babyface, and Guy Roche.", "RCA/Jive Label Group __knowledge__ RCA/Jive Label Group was a short-lived American record label group, owned by Sony Music Entertainment and representing the merger of the RCA Music Group and Jive Label Group.", "RCA/Jive Label Group __knowledge__ The umbrella group was formed in 2007 under the name BMG Label Group, was rebranded as RCA/Jive Label Group in 2009.", "RCA/Jive Label Group __knowledge__ In July 2011 it was finally dissolved into two separate labels: the RCA Music Group and Epic Records which took Jive subsidiaries (LaFace, Battery, etc.)", "RCA/Jive Label Group __knowledge__ until October 2011 when it retired Jive Records along with Arista Records and J Records.", "RCA/Jive Label Group __knowledge__ The artists on those three labels were moved to RCA Records.", "RCA/Jive Label Group __knowledge__ RCA/Jive configuration began as the BMG Label Group during the last year of the Sony BMG merger.", "Syleena Johnson __knowledge__ Syleena Johnson (born September 2, 1976) is an American R&B and soul singer-songwriter and actress.", "Syleena Johnson __knowledge__ Johnson took to music early, growing up not only with a musical father but also listening to influential artists such as Aretha Franklin, Al Green, Tina Turner, The Dells, Mavis Staples, Whitney Houston, Anita Baker, Prince, and Michael Jackson.", "Syleena Johnson __knowledge__ She would later apply her taste for soul music as a member of her high school gospel choir.", "Syleena Johnson __knowledge__ Johnson attended Thornridge High School in Dolton, Illinois.", "Syleena Johnson __knowledge__ Her music career was inspired by her music teachers, who are still working there as of June 2007.", "Syleena Johnson __knowledge__ Johnson's road to music was hardly easy.", "Hed PE (album) __knowledge__ Hed PE (stylized as (həd)) is the self titled debut album of the American punk rock band Hed PE.", "Hed PE (album) __knowledge__ Released on August 12, 1997 by Jive Records, the album marked a significant turning point in the fusion of rock and hip hop music for its densely textured hardcore punk driven sound, which the band described as \"G-punk\".", "Hed PE (album) __knowledge__ This sound has been credited as shaping the emerging nu metal genre.", "Hed PE (album) __knowledge__ The album's production, motivated by drug use, saw the band incorporate elements of reggae, industrial music, funk, jazz and heavy metal.", "Hed PE (album) __knowledge__ In spite of the album's later impact, it was a financial disappointment for Jive, which was more known for hip hop, R&B and pop music and had never marketed a rock band before Hed PE." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Britney Jean Spears (born December 2, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, dancer, and actress.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Born in McComb, Mississippi, and raised in Kentwood, Louisiana, she performed acting roles in stage productions and television shows as a child before signing with Jive Records in 1997.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Spears's first and second studio albums, \"...Baby One More Time\" (1999) and \"Oops!...", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ I Did It Again\" (2000), became international successes, with the former becoming the best-selling album by a teenage solo artist.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Title tracks \"...Baby One More Time\" and \"Oops!...", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ I Did It Again\" broke international sales records.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ In 2001, Spears released her self-titled third studio album, \"Britney\", and played the starring role in the film \"Crossroads\" (2002).", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ She assumed creative control of her fourth studio album, \"In the Zone\" (2003), which yielded the worldwide success of the single \"Toxic\".", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ In 2007, Spears's much-publicized personal issues sent her career into hiatus.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Her fifth studio album, \"Blackout\", was released later that year, and spawned singles such as \"Gimme More\" and \"Piece of Me\".", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Her erratic behavior and hospitalizations continued through the following year, at which point she was placed under a still ongoing conservatorship.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ The 2015 AAA Texas 500 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held on November 8, 2015, at Texas Motor Speedway in Fort Worth, Texas.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Contested over 334 laps on the 1.5 mile (2.4 km) intermediate quad-oval, it was the 34th race of the 2015 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season, eighth race of the Chase and second race of the Eliminator Round.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Jimmie Johnson won the race, his fifth of the season.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Brad Keselowski finished second.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Kevin Harvick, Kyle Busch and Carl Edwards rounded out the top-five.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Keselowski won the pole for the race and led a race high of 312 laps on his way to a runner-up finish.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ The race had 15 lead changes among eight different drivers, as well as nine caution flag periods for 47 laps.", "2014 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ The 2014 season was Eamon O'Shea's second year as manager of the Tipperary senior hurling team.", "2014 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ In October 2013, Brendan Maher was named as the new Tipperary captain for 2014.", "2014 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ A statement from the County board read as follows \"Tipperary County Board is pleased to announce that the senior hurling management team have appointed Brendan Maher (Borris-Ileigh) as captain and Noel McGrath (Loughmore Castleiney) as vice captain of the Tipperary senior hurling team for 2014.\"", "2014 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ In December 2013, Skoda Ireland announced the extension of its sponsorship of Tipperary GAA another year.", "2014 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ The new 2014 Tipperary strip was also unveiled which features an 1884 motif to commemorate 130 years of Tipperary GAA.", "St Patrick's Athletic F.C. __knowledge__ St Patrick's Athletic F.C.", "St Patrick's Athletic F.C. __knowledge__ () is an Irish association football club based in Inchicore, Dublin, that plays in the Irish Premier Division.", "St Patrick's Athletic F.C. __knowledge__ Founded in May 1929, they played originally in the Phoenix Park but they moved to their current ground Richmond Park in 1930.", "St Patrick's Athletic F.C. __knowledge__ St. Patrick's Athletic have won some trophies in Irish Club Football, including eight League Titles, the fifth most in Irish Football, as well as three FAI Cups and three League Cups.", "St Patrick's Athletic F.C. __knowledge__ The current manager is Liam Buckley, who is in his second spell in charge at the club after replacing Pete Mahon in 2011.", "St Patrick's Athletic F.C. __knowledge__ The club graduated through the ranks of the Leinster Senior League and duly took their place in the League of Ireland in 1951, and won the Championship at their first attempt.", "2014 Goody's Headache Relief Shot 500 __knowledge__ The 2014 Goody's Headache Relief Shot 500 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series stock car race held on October 26, 2014, at Martinsville Speedway in Ridgeway, Virginia.", "2014 Goody's Headache Relief Shot 500 __knowledge__ Contested over 500 laps on the .526-mile (.847 km) short track, it was the 33rd race of the 2014 Sprint Cup Series season, as well as the seventh race of ten in the Chase for the Sprint Cup.", "2014 Goody's Headache Relief Shot 500 __knowledge__ Dale Earnhardt, Jr. won the race, his fourth win of the season, while Jeff Gordon finished second.", "2014 Goody's Headache Relief Shot 500 __knowledge__ Ryan Newman, Tony Stewart and Joey Logano rounded out the top five.", "2014 Goody's Headache Relief Shot 500 __knowledge__ The top rookies of the race were Austin Dillon (12th), Justin Allgaier (17th), and Cole Whitt (18th).", "2015 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ The 2015 season was Eamon O'Shea's third and final year as manager of the Tipperary senior hurling team.", "2015 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ In October 2014, O'Shea confirmed that he would stay on for a third year as Tipperary manager.", "2015 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ It was also confirmed that Michael Ryan will succeed O'Shea as manager on a two-year term after the conclusion of the 2015 season.", "2015 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ Declan Fanning also joined the back-room team for 2015 as a selector.", "2015 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ Brendan Maher continued as captain for a second year with Pádraic Maher remaining as vice-captain.", "2015 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ On 15 March, Intersport/Elverys became the new sponsors of Tipperary GAA, a sponsorship that covers both the hurling and football codes and includes all grades from minor to senior inter-county teams for the next two years.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ Zoe Carpenter is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera \"Hollyoaks\", played by Zoë Lister.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ The character first appeared on-screen on 1 September 2006, as one of three new students at Hollyoaks Community College.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ It was announced in 2009 that Lister had quit her role in order to pursue other projects; she subsequently left the series in January 2010.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ During Zoe's time in \"Hollyoaks\" she has been portrayed as a bubbly tomboy who often makes the wrong choices in life and has had a number of failed relationships.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ In March 2017, it was reported that Lister would be reprising the role and it was later confirmed that she would return for Amy Barnes' (Ashley Slanina-Davies) funeral.", "2016 STP 500 __knowledge__ The 2016 STP 500 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held on April 3, 2016, at Martinsville Speedway in Ridgeway, Virginia.", "2016 STP 500 __knowledge__ Contested over 500 laps on the .526 mile (.847 km) paperclip-shaped short track, it was the sixth race of the 2016 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season.", "2016 STP 500 __knowledge__ Kyle Busch won the race.", "2016 STP 500 __knowledge__ A. J. Allmendinger finished second, while Kyle Larson, Austin Dillon and Brad Keselowski rounded out the top-five.", "2016 STP 500 __knowledge__ Joey Logano won the pole for the race and led 21 laps on his way to an 11th-place finish.", "2016 STP 500 __knowledge__ Busch led a race high of 352 laps on his way to scoring the victory.", "2016 STP 500 __knowledge__ The race had 11 lead changes among five different drivers and eight caution flag periods for 51 laps.", "...Baby One More Time (song) __knowledge__ \"...Baby One More Time\" is the debut single by American singer Britney Spears.", "...Baby One More Time (song) __knowledge__ It was written by Max Martin and produced by Martin and Rami, and released in 1998, by Jive Records for Spears's debut album of the same name (1999).", "...Baby One More Time (song) __knowledge__ After recording and sending a demo tape with an unused song from Toni Braxton, Spears signed a multi-album deal with Jive.", "...Baby One More Time (song) __knowledge__ \"...Baby One More Time\" is a teen pop and dance-pop song that refers to a girl's feelings after a break-up with her boyfriend.", "...Baby One More Time (song) __knowledge__ \"...Baby One More Time\" reached number one in every country it charted in, including the United Kingdom, where it earned double-platinum status and became the country's best-selling song of 1999.", "...Baby One More Time (album) __knowledge__ ...Baby One More Time is the debut studio album by American singer Britney Spears.", "...Baby One More Time (album) __knowledge__ It was released on January 12, 1999 through Jive Records.", "...Baby One More Time (album) __knowledge__ In June 1997, while Spears negotiated with manager Lou Pearlman to join female pop group Innosense, her mother asked family friend and entertainment lawyer Larry Rudolph for his opinion and submitted a tape of Spears singing over a Whitney Houston karaoke song.", "...Baby One More Time (album) __knowledge__ Rudolph decided to pitch her to record labels, sending them a demo tape with an unused song from Toni Braxton.", "...Baby One More Time (album) __knowledge__ Jive was interested and appointed the singer to work with producer Eric Foster White.", "...Baby One More Time (album) __knowledge__ After hearing the recorded material, Jive signed Spears to a multi-album deal.", "Max Martin __knowledge__ Martin Sandberg (born 26 February 1971), known professionally as Max Martin, is a Swedish songwriter, record producer and singer.", "Max Martin __knowledge__ He rose to prominence in the second half of the 1990s after making a string of major hits for artists such as the Backstreet Boys, Britney Spears and NSYNC.", "Max Martin __knowledge__ Some of his earlier hits include \"...Baby One More Time\" (1998), \"I Want It That Way\" (1999) and \"It's My Life\" (2000).", "Max Martin __knowledge__ Martin has written or co-written 22 \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one hits, most of which he has also produced or co-produced, including Katy Perry's \"I Kissed a Girl\" (2008), Maroon 5's \"One More Night\" (2012), Taylor Swift's \"Blank Space\" (2014), and The Weeknd's \"Can't Feel My Face\" (2015).", "From the Bottom of My Broken Heart __knowledge__ \"From the Bottom of My Broken Heart\" is a song recorded by American singer Britney Spears for her debut studio album, \"...Baby One More Time\" (1999).", "From the Bottom of My Broken Heart __knowledge__ It was released on December 15, 1999 by Jive Records as the fifth and final single from the album.", "From the Bottom of My Broken Heart __knowledge__ After Spears recorded an unused song from Toni Braxton and sent it through Larry Rudolph to several labels, executives from Jive Records commented that it was very rare to hear someone so young who could deliver emotional content and commercial appeal, appointing the singer to work with producer Eric Foster White.", "From the Bottom of My Broken Heart __knowledge__ The teen pop ballad was written and produced by White, and features Spears singing about the loss of a first love and how breaking up can be hard.", "Oops!... I Did It Again (album) __knowledge__ Oops!...", "Oops!... I Did It Again (album) __knowledge__ I Did It Again is the second studio album by American singer Britney Spears.", "Oops!... I Did It Again (album) __knowledge__ It was released on May 16, 2000 in the United States through Jive Records.", "Oops!... I Did It Again (album) __knowledge__ Its music incorporates pop, dance-pop, and teen pop styles, much in the vein of her debut studio album \"...Baby One More Time\" (1999).", "Oops!... I Did It Again (album) __knowledge__ The album also explores a more funkier and R&B sound, while Spears also covers the Rolling Stones' \"(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction\" and the Jets' \"You Got It All\" (the latter was included only on the Japanese edition of the album).", "Oops!... I Did It Again (album) __knowledge__ Contributions to the album's production came from a wide range of producers, including Max Martin, Rami Yacoub, Per Magnusson, David Kreuger, Kristian Lundin, Jake Schulze, Darkchild, and Robert John \"Mutt\" Lange.", "Oops!... I Did It Again (song) __knowledge__ \"Oops!...", "Oops!... I Did It Again (song) __knowledge__ I Did It Again\" is a song by American singer Britney Spears, from her second album of the same name.", "Oops!... I Did It Again (song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 27, 2000, by Jive Records as the lead single from the album.", "Oops!... I Did It Again (song) __knowledge__ The song was written and produced by Max Martin and Rami Yacoub.", "Oops!... I Did It Again (song) __knowledge__ \"Oops!...", "Oops!... I Did It Again (song) __knowledge__ I Did It Again\" is a song that lyrically speaks of a female who views love as a game, and she decides to use that to her advantage by playing with her lover's emotions.", "Oops!... I Did It Again (song) __knowledge__ Its bridge features a dialogue which references the blockbuster film \"Titanic\" (1997).", "Oops!... I Did It Again (song) __knowledge__ Upon its release, \"Oops!...", "Oops!... I Did It Again (song) __knowledge__ I Did It Again\" received positive reviews from music critics, who noted similarities to her debut single \"...Baby One More Time\"." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 6 ]

[ "Do you know the American singer, songwriter, dancer, and actress called Britney Spears?", "yes she performed as a child before signing with Jive Records in 1997.", "Yes, her first and second album called Baby One More Time", "Of course, success wise, I Did It Again got to international limelight" ]

[ "Britney Spears", "Britney Spears", "Britney Spears", "Britney Spears" ]

[ "Fashion design\ni find fashion design very interesting but am very bad at it", "Interestingly according to the bearu of labor statstictics you need a bachlor's degree so its not something you can just pick up but have to train", "you also have to know technology because now big fashion houses like michael kors and alexander wang are turning to online sketches that have specific programs", " The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics expects opportunities in fashion design to diminish through 2020, and those with college degrees could become more sought after." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion design is the art of application of design and aesthetics or natural beauty to clothing and accessories.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion design is influenced by cultural and social attitudes, and has varied over time and place.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion designers work in a number of ways in designing clothing and accessories such as bracelets and necklaces.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Because of the time required to bring a garment onto the market, designers must at times anticipate changes to consumer tastes.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Designers conduct research on fashion trends and interpret them for their audience.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Their specific designs are used by manufacturers.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ This is the essence of a designer’s role; however, there is variation within this that is determined by the buying and merchandising approach, and product quality; for example, budget retailers will use inexpensive fabrics to interpret trends, but high-end retailers will ensure that the best available fabrics are used.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion designers attempt to design clothes which are functional as well as aesthetically pleasing.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ They consider who is likely to wear a garment and the situations in which it will be worn, they have a wide range and combinations of materials to work with and a wide range of colors, patterns and styles to choose from.", "Native American fashion __knowledge__ Native American fashion (also known as Indigenous American fashion) encompasses the design and creation of clothing and fashion accessories inspired by the traditional cultures and arts by the Native peoples of the Americas.", "Native American fashion __knowledge__ Indigenous designers frequently incorporate motifs and traditional materials into their wearable artworks, providing a basis for creating items for the \"haute couture\" and international fashion markets.", "Native American fashion __knowledge__ Their designs may result from techniques such as beadwork, quillwork, leather, and weaving.", "Native American fashion __knowledge__ In some cases, however, they choose not to include any elements associated with indigenous cultures.", "Fashion design copyright in the United States __knowledge__ Although fashion design in United States copyright law is an intellectual property concept dating back to the 1750s, copyright protection has never been extended to fashion designs.", "Fashion design copyright in the United States __knowledge__ As of late 2015, fashion designs were not subject to copyright laws in the United States, and could not be copyrighted.", "Fashion design copyright in the United States __knowledge__ The beginnings of copyright law began with editorial copyrights in the 1750s.", "Fashion design copyright in the United States __knowledge__ Since then, we have had extensive advancements within society that have called for legislative additions to the initial idea of what should and should not be copyrighted.", "Fashion design copyright in the United States __knowledge__ In 1932 the Fashion Originators Guild of America unified in order to prevent further knock offs by requiring designers to submit their designs for cataloguing, and by “red carding” those stores and businesses that were found to reproduce previously submitted designs under their own name and for their own profit.", "Aunn Zara __knowledge__ Aunn Zara () was a 2013 Pakistan drama series telecast on A-Plus Entertainment.", "Aunn Zara __knowledge__ It revolves around a married couple spoilt by their respective families and are desperate to escape this attention.", "Aunn Zara __knowledge__ It is based on Faiza Iftikhar's novel, \"Hisaar-e-Mohabbat\" (\"Fort of Love\") and is directed by Haissam Hussain.", "Aunn Zara __knowledge__ It stars Maya Ali and Osman Khalid Butt in leading roles.", "Aunn Zara __knowledge__ it was also aired in India on Zindagi , premiering on 23 June 2014 .", "Aunn Zara __knowledge__ The shows ended its run in India on 12 July 2014 Story involves around lives of Aunn and Zara.", "Aunn Zara __knowledge__ Aunn is the only male in his family.", "Aunn Zara __knowledge__ As a result, he is pampered by everyone in his family.", "Norman Norell __knowledge__ Norman David Levinson (April 20, 1900 – October 25, 1972) known professionally as Norman Norell, was an American fashion designer famed for his elegant gowns, suits, and tailored silhouettes.", "Norman Norell __knowledge__ His designs for the Traina-Norell and Norell fashion houses became famous for their detailing, simple, timeless designs, and tailored construction.", "Norman Norell __knowledge__ By the mid-twentieth century Norell dominated the American fashion industry and in 1968 he became the first American fashion designer to launch his own brand of perfume.", "Norman Norell __knowledge__ Born in Noblesville, Indiana, Norell arrived in New York City in 1919, studied fashion illustration and fashion design at Parsons School of Design and Pratt Institute, and began his career designing costumes for silent-film stars.", "KBTC-TV __knowledge__ KBTC-TV is an American public television station in Tacoma, Washington.", "KBTC-TV __knowledge__ It is the secondary Public Broadcasting Service member station in the Seattle-Tacoma market.", "KBTC-TV __knowledge__ It broadcasts on digital channel 27 (remapping to its analog channel number, 28, using PSIP), and Comcast cable channel 12.", "KBTC-TV __knowledge__ Its offices and broadcasting center are located on the campus of owner Bates Technical College.", "KBTC-TV __knowledge__ The property was purchased from KSTW when that station moved to Renton in 2001.", "KBTC-TV __knowledge__ Bates Technical College also owns full-time satellite KCKA (digital 19, virtual 15) in Centralia.", "KBTC-TV __knowledge__ KBTC's programming is also repeated on low-powered signals K41KT-D channel 41 Grays River (serving the inland areas of Wahkiakum and Pacific counties, as well as northern Clatsop County, Oregon) and K24IC-D channel 24 Bellingham (serving the Puget Sound and San Juan Islands regions, as well as Vancouver and Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, from Mount Constitution).", "Kraków Schools of Art and Fashion Design __knowledge__ The Kraków Schools of Art and Fashion Design group () is an umbrella group of postsecondary art and fashion design schools in Kraków, Poland.", "Kraków Schools of Art and Fashion Design __knowledge__ It was established in 1989 and comprise five schools: Fashion Design, Photography, Interior Design, Visual Merchandising, and Drama.", "Kraków Schools of Art and Fashion Design __knowledge__ The Schools of Art college group of Kraków is approved by the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage of the Republic of Poland, and is listed in the Ministry's Art School Directory.", "Kraków Schools of Art and Fashion Design __knowledge__ Teachers who work at school are active artists and designers who combine teaching with their professional careers.", "Kraków Schools of Art and Fashion Design __knowledge__ This system ensures that the students are taught by a variety of arts professionals who share with them their experience and knowledge." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion design is the art of application of design and aesthetics or natural beauty to clothing and accessories.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion design is influenced by cultural and social attitudes, and has varied over time and place.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion designers work in a number of ways in designing clothing and accessories such as bracelets and necklaces.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Because of the time required to bring a garment onto the market, designers must at times anticipate changes to consumer tastes.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Designers conduct research on fashion trends and interpret them for their audience.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Their specific designs are used by manufacturers.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ This is the essence of a designer’s role; however, there is variation within this that is determined by the buying and merchandising approach, and product quality; for example, budget retailers will use inexpensive fabrics to interpret trends, but high-end retailers will ensure that the best available fabrics are used.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion designers attempt to design clothes which are functional as well as aesthetically pleasing.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ They consider who is likely to wear a garment and the situations in which it will be worn, they have a wide range and combinations of materials to work with and a wide range of colors, patterns and styles to choose from.", "The Burmese Harp (1956 film) __knowledge__ The film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film of 1956.", "The Burmese Harp (1956 film) __knowledge__ In 1985, Ichikawa remade \"The Burmese Harp\" in color with a new cast, and the remake was a major box office success, becoming the number one Japanese film on the domestic market in 1985 and the second largest Japanese box office hit up to that time.", "The Burmese Harp (1956 film) __knowledge__ Private Mizushima, a Japanese soldier, becomes the harp (or \"saung\") player of Captain Inouye's group, composed of soldiers who fight and sing to raise morale in the World War II Burma Campaign.", "The Burmese Harp (1956 film) __knowledge__ When they are offered shelter in a village, they eventually realize they are being watched by British soldiers.", "Tobacco marketing and African Americans __knowledge__ The issue of tobacco marketing and African Americans refers to the practice of customizing tobacco products and advertising techniques specifically to African American consumers.", "Tobacco marketing and African Americans __knowledge__ It is most commonly analyzed through the consumption of mentholated cigarettes, as it represents 47% of black adult smokers and 84% of adolescent black smokers.", "Tobacco marketing and African Americans __knowledge__ African Americans are the only ethnic group to suffer disproportionately from smoking-caused chronic and preventable diseases, evident in the approximately 45,000 African Americans who die from smoking-caused illness each year.", "Tobacco marketing and African Americans __knowledge__ Studies indicate that an estimated 1.6 million African Americans under the age of 18 who are alive today will become regular smokers.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ Capital.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ Volume I: The Process of Production of Capital () is an 1867 economics book by German philosopher Karl Marx.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ In this, the only part of Marx's multi-volume \"\" to be published during his lifetime, Marx critiques capitalism chiefly from the standpoint of its production processes.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ After Marx's death, Friedrich Engels compiled and expanded his friend's notes into volumes \"II\" (1885) and \"III\" (1894).", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ In the years since its publication \"Capital.", "Capital, Volume I __knowledge__ Volume I\" has come to be considered as a major work of modern economic thought, alongside the likes of Smith's \"The Wealth of Nations\" (1776) and Keynes's \"General Theory\" (1936).", "Association for the Teaching of Caribbean, African, Asian and Associated Literatures __knowledge__ The Association for the Teaching of Caribbean, African, Asian and Associated Literatures, or ATCAL, was founded with the aim of familiarizing British teachers with the range of \"Black\" writing that was available for school use.", "Association for the Teaching of Caribbean, African, Asian and Associated Literatures __knowledge__ In the 1980s ATCAL was a pressure group in the eighties that played a key part in \"the gradual process of expanding syllabuses in British schools, to include subjects such as contemporary black writing into the National Curriculum.\"", "Association for the Teaching of Caribbean, African, Asian and Associated Literatures __knowledge__ ATCAL (the acronym originally stood for the Association for the Teaching of African and Caribbean Literature, but was soon extended to include Asian material) was founded by past members of the Caribbean Artists Movement at a conference at the University of Kent in 1978, and was inaugurated in 1979, its first meeting — entitled \"How to Teach Caribbean and African Literature in Schools\" — being held at the Africa Centre, London.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Economic history of Mexico __knowledge__ Mexico's economic history has been characterized since the colonial era by resource extraction, agriculture, and a relatively underdeveloped industrial sector.", "Economic history of Mexico __knowledge__ Economic elites in the colonial period were predominantly Spanish born, active as transatlantic merchants and silver mine owners and diversifying their investments with the landed estates.", "Economic history of Mexico __knowledge__ The largest sector of the population was indigenous subsistence farmers, who lived mainly in the center and south.", "Economic history of Mexico __knowledge__ New Spain was envisioned by the Spanish crown as a supplier of wealth to Iberia, which huge silver mines accomplished.", "Economic history of Mexico __knowledge__ A colonial economy to supply foodstuffs and products from ranching as well as a domestic textile industry meant that the economy supplied much of its own needs.", "Anarchist economics __knowledge__ Anarchist economics is the set of theories and practices of economic activity within the political philosophy of anarchism.", "Anarchist economics __knowledge__ As a rule, anarchists are anti-capitalists.", "Anarchist economics __knowledge__ They argue that its characteristic institutions promote and reproduce various forms of economic activity which they consider oppressive, including private property, hierarchical production relations, collecting rents from private property, taking a profit in exchanges, and collecting interest on loans.", "Anarchist economics __knowledge__ They generally endorse possession-based ownership rather than propertarianism.", "Anarchist economics __knowledge__ The early English anarchist William Godwin's views on economics could be summarized as follows: \"he envisages the possibility of specialization in the various crafts, which would lead to a man's following the task for which he had the greatest aptitude, and distributing his surplus products to whoever may need them, receiving what he himself needs of other things from the surplus produced by his neighbours, but always on the basis of free distribution, not of exchange.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Titli (2002 film) __knowledge__ Titli () \"butterfly\") is a 2002 Bengali film by Rituparno Ghosh, starring Konkona Sen Sharma, Aparna Sen, Mithun Chakraborty.", "Titli (2002 film) __knowledge__ The film tells the story of a developing adolescent, played by Konkona, and the sensitivity of a teenager, and also the portrayal of the mother-daughter relationship and quiet understanding within the pair.", "Titli (2002 film) __knowledge__ \"Titli\" also means \"butterfly\" in Hindi.", "Titli (2002 film) __knowledge__ The story develops around the evolution of Titli from a girl into womanhood, through the breaking of this crush.", "Titli (2002 film) __knowledge__ The dense jungles of Duars in north Bengal, covered in dense morning fog, sunshine playing hide-and-seek, Buddhist monasteries, the famous Darjeeling toy train, interleaved with poetry and music, create the romantic ambiance underpinning this film.", "The Kinks __knowledge__ The Kinks were an English rock band formed in Muswell Hill, North London, in 1964 by brothers Ray and Dave Davies.", "The Kinks __knowledge__ They are regarded as one of the most important and influential rock bands of the 1960s.", "The Kinks __knowledge__ The band emerged during the height of British rhythm and blues and Merseybeat, and were briefly part of the British Invasion of the United States until their touring ban in 1965.", "The Kinks __knowledge__ Their third single, the Ray Davies-penned \"You Really Got Me\", became an international hit, topping the charts in the United Kingdom and reaching the Top 10 in the United States.", "The Kinks __knowledge__ Their music was influenced by a wide range of genres, including rhythm and blues, British music hall, folk and country.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Titli (2014 film) __knowledge__ Titli (English: \"Butterfly\") is a 2014 Bollywood drama film written and directed by Kanu Behl, co-produced by Dibakar Banerjee Productions Pvt.", "Titli (2014 film) __knowledge__ Ltd and Aditya Chopra under the banner of Yash Raj Films.", "Titli (2014 film) __knowledge__ It features actors Ranvir Shorey, Amit Sial, Shashank Arora, Lalit Behl and Shivani Raghuvanshi in the lead roles.", "Titli (2014 film) __knowledge__ In \"Titli\", Behl captures the volatility of a society where violence lies uneasily just below the surface.", "Titli (2014 film) __knowledge__ The directorial debut film premiered in the Un Certain Regard section of the 2014 Cannes Film Festival, The trailer of the movie was released on September 29, 2015.", "Titli (2014 film) __knowledge__ The film was released in India on October 30, 2015.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ Dame Anna Wintour (; born 3 November 1949) is a British-American journalist and editor.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ She has been editor-in-chief of \"Vogue\" since 1988.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ In 2013, she became artistic director for Condé Nast, \"Vogue\"'s publisher.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ With her trademark pageboy bob haircut and dark sunglasses, Wintour has become an important figure in much of the fashion world, widely praised for her eye for fashion trends and her support for younger designers.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ Her reportedly aloof and demanding personality has earned her the nickname \"Nuclear Wintour\".", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ The eldest daughter of Charles Wintour, editor of the London \"Evening Standard\" (1959–76), her father consulted her on how to make the newspaper relevant to the youth of the era.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters who first appeared or were due to appear in the British Channel 4 soap opera \"Hollyoaks\" during 2011, listed in order of their first appearance.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ In January 2011, it was announced that Gareth Philips would be taking over the role of series producer from Paul Marquess, who had been with the show for one year.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ Ruby Button, played by Anna Shaffer, is the younger sister of Duncan Button (Dean Aspen).", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ She made her first on-screen appearance on 3 January 2011.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ In December 2010, the \"Liverpool Echo\" announced that eighteen-year-old Shaffer would be joining the cast as Ruby." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion design is the art of application of design and aesthetics or natural beauty to clothing and accessories.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion design is influenced by cultural and social attitudes, and has varied over time and place.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion designers work in a number of ways in designing clothing and accessories such as bracelets and necklaces.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Because of the time required to bring a garment onto the market, designers must at times anticipate changes to consumer tastes.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Designers conduct research on fashion trends and interpret them for their audience.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Their specific designs are used by manufacturers.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ This is the essence of a designer’s role; however, there is variation within this that is determined by the buying and merchandising approach, and product quality; for example, budget retailers will use inexpensive fabrics to interpret trends, but high-end retailers will ensure that the best available fabrics are used.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion designers attempt to design clothes which are functional as well as aesthetically pleasing.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ They consider who is likely to wear a garment and the situations in which it will be worn, they have a wide range and combinations of materials to work with and a wide range of colors, patterns and styles to choose from.", "Michael Kors __knowledge__ Michael David Kors (born Karl Anderson Jr.; August 9, 1959) is an American sportswear fashion designer.", "Michael Kors __knowledge__ He is the honorary chairman and chief creative officer for his company, Michael Kors Holdings Limited (), which sells men's and women's and ready-to-wear, accessories, watches, jewelry, footwear and fragrance.", "Michael Kors __knowledge__ Kors was the first women’s ready-to-wear designer for the French house Celine, from 1997 to 2003.", "Michael Kors __knowledge__ Kors was born Karl Anderson Jr. on Long Island, New York.", "Michael Kors __knowledge__ Kors' mother is Hebrew; his father was of Swedish descent.", "Michael Kors __knowledge__ His parents are Joan Hamburger, a former model, and her first husband, Karl Anderson Sr., a college student.", "Project Runway __knowledge__ Project Runway is an American reality television (TV) series that focuses on fashion design.", "Project Runway __knowledge__ The contestants compete with each other to create the best clothes and are restricted by time, materials and theme.", "Project Runway __knowledge__ Their designs are judged by a panel, and one or more designers are typically eliminated from the show each week.", "Project Runway __knowledge__ During each season, contestants are progressively eliminated until only a few contestants remain.", "Project Runway __knowledge__ These finalists prepare a complete fashion collection for New York Fashion Week, which determines the winner.", "Project Runway __knowledge__ \"Project Runway\" was created by Eli Holzman and is hosted by supermodel Heidi Klum.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ The history of fashion design refers to the development of the fashion industry which designs clothing and accessories.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ The modern industry, based around firms or fashion houses run by individual designers, started in the 19th century with Charles Frederick Worth who was the first designer to have his label sewn into the garments that he created.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Couture beginnings.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Rose Bertin (July 2, 1747 – September 22, 1813) was the dressmaker to Marie Antoinette, Queen of France.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Sometimes called sarcastically the \"Minister of Fashion\", she opened a shop in Paris and had a considerable influence on Parisian style, until this was drastically changed by the French Revolution, from which she fled into exile to London for some years.", "Alexander Wang (designer) __knowledge__ Alexander Wang (born December 26, 1980) is an American fashion designer and the former creative director of Balenciaga.", "Alexander Wang (designer) __knowledge__ At age 18, he moved to New York City to attend Parsons School of Design.", "Alexander Wang (designer) __knowledge__ In 2005, after two years at Parsons, he decided to pursue the launch of his own fashion label, which predominantly began with a knitwear collection.", "Alexander Wang (designer) __knowledge__ In Fall 2007, Wang presented a complete women’s ready-to-wear collection on the New York catwalk for the first time, to critical acclaim.", "Alexander Wang (designer) __knowledge__ He won the CFDA/\"Vogue\" Fashion Fund in 2008, an honor accompanied by a $20,000 award to expand one's business.", "Alexander Wang (designer) __knowledge__ That same year, he launched his first handbag collection.", "French fashion __knowledge__ Fashion in France is an important aspect in the spectrum of culture and social life, as well as being an important aspect of the economy.", "French fashion __knowledge__ Fashion design and production gained prominence in France from the 15th century.", "French fashion __knowledge__ From the 17th century, it exploded into a rich industry both for local consumption and for export.", "French fashion __knowledge__ The Royal Minister of Finances, Jean-Baptiste Colbert, expressed it as \"\"Fashion is to France what the gold mines of Peru are to Spain...\"\".", "French fashion __knowledge__ During the 19th century, fashion transitioned into many styles.", "French fashion __knowledge__ The modern term of \"haute couture\" originated in the 1860s, for fashion in \"good taste\".", "Joan Smalls __knowledge__ Joan Rodriguez Smalls (born July 11, 1988) is a Puerto Rican fashion model.", "Joan Smalls __knowledge__ In 2013, she ranked at #8 on \"Forbes\" magazine's \"World's Highest-Paid Models\" list.", "Joan Smalls __knowledge__ In 2011, she became the first Latina model to represent Estée Lauder cosmetics.", "Joan Smalls __knowledge__ In January 2014, Smalls appeared on the \"Return of the Supermodel\" cover of American \"Elle\".", "Joan Smalls __knowledge__ In 2012, Smalls was ranked the number #1 model in the world according to Models.com; she is currently ranked as one of the New Supers in the fashion industry.", "Joan Smalls __knowledge__ In 2010, Smalls began modeling for Victoria's Secret, and was featured in the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show from 2011-2016.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is a single released in 1985 by the Swiss band Yello and featured on their album \"Stella\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song features a mix of electronic music and manipulated vocals.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song gained popularity after being featured in the films \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and \"The Secret of My Success\", among other films.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It has become an iconic anthem of the 1980s, and used to metaphorically represent lust (in various forms) and cocaine.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It is a popular staple in movies, television and commercials.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Its 1987 re-released version features the extra lyrics: \"such a good time / a really good time\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Describing the composition of \"Oh Yeah,\" Blank said, \"First I did the music and then I invited Dieter to sing along, and he came up with some lines which I thought, 'no Dieter, it's too complicated, we don't need that many lyrics'.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ Stella is the fourth studio album by the Swiss electronic band Yello, first released in Germany, Switzerland and Austria on 29 January 1985, and in the UK and US in March 1985.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ It was the first album made by the band without founder member Carlos Perón, and with his departure the remaining duo of Boris Blank and Dieter Meier began to move away from experimental electronic sounds towards a more commercial synthpop and cinematic soundtrack style.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ As well as becoming the first album ever by a Swiss group to top the Swiss album chart, it was the band's breakthrough album internationally, helped by the success of the song \"Oh Yeah\", which gained the band worldwide attention the following year after it was prominently featured in the 1986 film \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and then a year later in \"The Secret of My Success\".", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ Oh Yeah is a music centre located in Belfast, Northern Ireland, in the Cathedral Quarter.", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ It was founded primarily to support young talented musicians and bands from Northern Ireland and its huge and growing music scene by providing help and promotion, technical equipment for rehearsing, recording, gigs and event organisation, performing space and releases of band compilations (\"Oh Yeah Sessions\").", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ The Oh Yeah music centre's genres are varying in its manifoldness of Alternative rock, Indie rock, Electronica, Post rock, Post punk, Crossover, Experimental rock and further musical stylistic ways and conceptions.", "Interior design __knowledge__ Interior design is the art and science of enhancing the interiors of a space or building to achieve a healthier and more aesthetically pleasing environment for the end user.", "Interior design __knowledge__ An interior designer is someone who plans, researches, coordinates, and manages such projects.", "Interior design __knowledge__ Interior design is a multifaceted profession that includes conceptual development, space planning, site inspections, programming, research, communicating with the stakeholders of a project, construction management, and execution of the design.", "Interior design __knowledge__ In the past, interiors were put together instinctively as a part of the process of building." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion design is the art of application of design and aesthetics or natural beauty to clothing and accessories.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion design is influenced by cultural and social attitudes, and has varied over time and place.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion designers work in a number of ways in designing clothing and accessories such as bracelets and necklaces.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Because of the time required to bring a garment onto the market, designers must at times anticipate changes to consumer tastes.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Designers conduct research on fashion trends and interpret them for their audience.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Their specific designs are used by manufacturers.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ This is the essence of a designer’s role; however, there is variation within this that is determined by the buying and merchandising approach, and product quality; for example, budget retailers will use inexpensive fabrics to interpret trends, but high-end retailers will ensure that the best available fabrics are used.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion designers attempt to design clothes which are functional as well as aesthetically pleasing.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ They consider who is likely to wear a garment and the situations in which it will be worn, they have a wide range and combinations of materials to work with and a wide range of colors, patterns and styles to choose from.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Education in the United States is provided by public, private and home schools.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ State governments set overall educational standards, often mandate standardized tests for K–12 public school systems and supervise, usually through a board of regents, state colleges and universities.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Funding comes from the state, local, and federal government.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Private schools are generally free to determine their own curriculum and staffing policies, with voluntary accreditation available through independent regional accreditation authorities, although some state regulation can apply.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, about 87% of school-age children (those below higher education) attended state funded public schools, about 10% attended tuition- and foundation-funded private schools and roughly 3% were home-schooled.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ The unemployment rate is a measure of the prevalence of unemployment and it is calculated as a percentage by dividing the number of unemployed individuals by all individuals currently in the labor force.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ During periods of recession, an economy usually experiences a relatively high unemployment rate.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ According to International Labour Organization report, more than 200 million people globally or 6% of the world's workforce were without a job in 2012.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ The causes of unemployment are heavily debated.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ Classical economics, new classical economics, and the Austrian School of economics argued that market mechanisms are reliable means of resolving unemployment.", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Unemployment in the United States discusses the causes and measures of U.S. unemployment and strategies for reducing it.", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Job creation and unemployment are affected by factors such as economic conditions, global competition, education, automation, and demographics.", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ These factors can affect the number of workers, the duration of unemployment, and wage levels.", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Unemployment generally falls during periods of economic prosperity and rises during recessions, creating significant pressure on public finances as tax revenue falls and social safety net costs increase.", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Government spending and taxation decisions (fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate.", "Gender pay gap in the United States __knowledge__ The gender pay gap in the United States is the ratio of female-to-male median yearly earnings among full-time, year-round workers.", "Gender pay gap in the United States __knowledge__ The average woman's unadjusted annual salary has been cited as 78% to 82% of that of the average man's.", "Gender pay gap in the United States __knowledge__ However, after adjusting for choices made by male and female workers in college major, occupation, working hours, and parental leave, multiple studies find that pay rates between males and females varied by 5–6.6% or, females earning 94 cents to every dollar earned by their male counterparts.", "Gender pay gap in the United States __knowledge__ The remaining 6% of the gap has been speculated to originate from gender discrimination and a gender difference in ability and willingness to negotiate salaries.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Causes of Unemployment in the United States discusses the causes of U.S. unemployment and strategies for reducing it.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Job creation and unemployment are affected by factors such as economic conditions, global competition, education, automation, and demographics.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ These factors can affect the number of workers, the duration of unemployment, and wage levels.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ There are a variety of domestic, foreign, market and government factors that impact unemployment in the United States.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ These may be characterized as cyclical (related to the business cycle) or structural (related to underlying economic characteristics) and include, among others: There are many domestic factors affecting the U.S. labor force and employment levels.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ This is a history of women in the United States since 1776, and of the Thirteen Colonies before that.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ The reliable sources on the topic were thin before the 1960s.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ Since then the study of women's history has been a major scholarly and popular field, with many scholarly books and articles, museum exhibits, and courses in schools and universities.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ The roles of women were long ignored in textbooks and popular histories.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ By the 1960s, women were being presented as successful as male roles.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ An early feminist approach underscored their victimization and inferior status at the hands of men.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ In the 21st century writers have emphasized the distinctive strengths displayed inside the community of women, with special concern for minorities among women.", "Native American fashion __knowledge__ Native American fashion (also known as Indigenous American fashion) encompasses the design and creation of clothing and fashion accessories inspired by the traditional cultures and arts by the Native peoples of the Americas.", "Native American fashion __knowledge__ Indigenous designers frequently incorporate motifs and traditional materials into their wearable artworks, providing a basis for creating items for the \"haute couture\" and international fashion markets.", "Native American fashion __knowledge__ Their designs may result from techniques such as beadwork, quillwork, leather, and weaving.", "Native American fashion __knowledge__ In some cases, however, they choose not to include any elements associated with indigenous cultures.", "Clothing __knowledge__ Clothing (also known as clothes and attire) is a collective term for garments, items worn on the body.", "Clothing __knowledge__ Clothing can be made of textiles, animal skin, or other thin sheets of materials put together.", "Clothing __knowledge__ The wearing of clothing is mostly restricted to human beings and is a feature of nearly all human societies.", "Clothing __knowledge__ The amount and type of clothing worn depend on body type, social, and geographic considerations.", "Clothing __knowledge__ Some clothing can be gender-specific.", "Clothing __knowledge__ Physically, clothing serves many purposes: it can serve as protection from the elements and can enhance safety during hazardous activities such as hiking and cooking.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ The fictional Marvel Comics superhero Spider-Man, who debuted in 1962, is well known for his unique superhuman abilities as depicted in the comics and other media.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He receives most of his powers when he is bitten by a radioactive common house spider.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He uses his technical skill to develop equipment and weapons to complement his powers, and wears a number of costumes, many of which have special properties.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ When Peter Parker was bitten by an irradiated spider, radioactive mutagenic enzymes in the spider's venom quickly caused numerous body-wide changes.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ Immediately after the bite, he was granted his original powers: primarily superhuman strength, reflexes, and balance; the ability to cling tenaciously to most surfaces; and a subconscious ability to sense everything in his surroundings, which he called a \"spider-sense\".", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ The Imperial Roman army are the terrestrial armed forces deployed by the Roman Empire from about 30 BC to 476 AD.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ This period is sometimes split into the Principate (30 BC – 284 AD) and Dominate (285–476) periods.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ Under Augustus (ruled 30 BC – 14 AD), the army consisted of \"legions\", eventually \"auxilia\" and also \"numeri\".", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ As all-citizen formations, and symbolic protectors of the dominance of the Italian \"master-nation\", legions enjoyed greater social prestige than the auxilia for much of the Principate.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ This was reflected in better pay and benefits.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ In addition, legionaries were equipped with more expensive and protective armour than auxiliaries, notably the \"lorica segmentata\", or laminated-strip armour.", "National Museum of Costume __knowledge__ The National Museum of Costume was located at Shambellie House, in New Abbey, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland and it formed part of the National Museums of Scotland.", "National Museum of Costume __knowledge__ The museum allowed a look at fashion and the lifestyle of the wealthy from the 1850s to the 1950s.", "National Museum of Costume __knowledge__ The clothes were presented in lifelike room settings.", "National Museum of Costume __knowledge__ In January 2013, National Museums Scotland announced that the National Museum of Costume was to close and the site would not reopen for 2013.", "National Museum of Costume __knowledge__ Shambellie House is a Victorian country house and was designed by the Scottish architect David Bryce in 1856 for the Stewart family.", "National Museum of Costume __knowledge__ Charles William Stewart's father had inherited Shambellie House before World War II.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The Blockade of Germany (1939–1945), also known as the Economic War, was carried out during World War II by the United Kingdom and France in order to restrict the supplies of minerals, metals, food and textiles needed by Nazi Germany - and later Fascist Italy - in order to sustain their war efforts.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The economic war consisted mainly of a naval blockade which formed part of the wider Battle of the Atlantic, and included the preclusive buying of war materials from neutral countries to prevent their sale to the enemy.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ There were four distinct phases of the blockade.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The first period was from the beginning of European hostilities in September 1939 to the end of the \"Phoney War,\" during which the Allies and Axis Powers both intercepted neutral merchant ships to seize deliveries en route to the enemy.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ During the 2012–13 season, Sheffield Wednesday Football Club competed in the 2012–13 Football League Championship, the FA Cup and the League Cup.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Sheffield Wednesday have stayed in the Football League Championship after recently being promoted from the Football League One the previous year.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ They were managed by Dave Jones, while the club's chairman was Milan Mandaric.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Their league season kicked off on 18 August 2012, while the League Cup began a week earlier as they entered at Round 1 of the competition.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ In the FA Cup, The Owls began in January as they entered at Round 3.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Pre-season for Sheffield Wednesday is due to kick-off at the beginning of July 2012." ] ]

[ 2, 8, 9, 7 ]

[ "I used to have pretty boring fashion too, but I've learned a thing or two. The trouble is that fashion really changes with time and culture so it's hard to keep up.", "Oh yeah, being a fashion designer is no easy job. They need to design clothes that are functional and aesthetically pleasing at the same time, which is quite tough.", "That's another good point. In addition to that, they have to consider who is wearing their clothes so they can determine what materials to use.", "Oh I'm sure, being educated is a big deal in the fashion industry. Learning to use cheap and expensive fabrics to interpret trends is not for just anyone." ]

[ "Fashion design", "Fashion design", "Fashion design", "Fashion design" ]

[ "Real estate", "I live with my parents so i do not", "i want to move out, but i just remember that warren buffet one of the richest men in the world still lives in the same home he purchased in 1958" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Real estate __knowledge__ Real estate is \"property consisting of land and the buildings on it, along with its natural resources such as crops, minerals or water; immovable property of this nature; an interest vested in this (also) an item of real property, (more generally) buildings or housing in general.", "Real estate __knowledge__ Also: the business of real estate; the profession of buying, selling, or renting land, buildings, or housing.\"", "Real estate __knowledge__ It is a legal term used in jurisdictions whose legal system is derived from English common law, such as India, the United Kingdom, United States, Canada, Pakistan, Australia, and New Zealand.", "Real estate __knowledge__ Residential real estate may contain either a single family or multifamily structure that is available for occupation or for non-business purposes.", "Real estate __knowledge__ Residences can be classified by if and how they are connected to neighbouring residences and land.", "Real estate __knowledge__ Different types of housing tenure can be used for the same physical type.", "Real estate __knowledge__ For example, connected residences might be owned by a single entity and leased out, or owned separately with an agreement covering the relationship between units and common areas and concerns.", "Real estate __knowledge__ The size of an apartment or house can be described in square feet or meters.", "Real estate __knowledge__ In the United States, this includes the area of \"living space\", excluding the garage and other non-living spaces." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Real estate __knowledge__ Real estate is \"property consisting of land and the buildings on it, along with its natural resources such as crops, minerals or water; immovable property of this nature; an interest vested in this (also) an item of real property, (more generally) buildings or housing in general.", "Real estate __knowledge__ Also: the business of real estate; the profession of buying, selling, or renting land, buildings, or housing.\"", "Real estate __knowledge__ It is a legal term used in jurisdictions whose legal system is derived from English common law, such as India, the United Kingdom, United States, Canada, Pakistan, Australia, and New Zealand.", "Real estate __knowledge__ Residential real estate may contain either a single family or multifamily structure that is available for occupation or for non-business purposes.", "Real estate __knowledge__ Residences can be classified by if and how they are connected to neighbouring residences and land.", "Real estate __knowledge__ Different types of housing tenure can be used for the same physical type.", "Real estate __knowledge__ For example, connected residences might be owned by a single entity and leased out, or owned separately with an agreement covering the relationship between units and common areas and concerns.", "Real estate __knowledge__ The size of an apartment or house can be described in square feet or meters.", "Real estate __knowledge__ In the United States, this includes the area of \"living space\", excluding the garage and other non-living spaces.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Single parent __knowledge__ A single parent is a parent that parents alone without the other parent's support, meaning this particular parent is the only parent to the child, responsible for all financial, material, and emotional needs.", "Single parent __knowledge__ It means there is an absence of the other parent as opposed to a co-parent, meaning that the parent is not the only parent regardless of whether or not they are a couple.", "Single parent __knowledge__ Of course, this definition is loosely true.", "Single parent __knowledge__ There is no true definition of what \"single parent\" means and is more based on opinions.", "Single parent __knowledge__ Sometimes, one finds themselves in a single-parent family structure that has arisen due to death of the partner, intentional artificial insemination, or unplanned pregnancy.", "International adoption of South Korean children __knowledge__ The international adoption of South Korean children was triggered by casualties of the Korean War after 1953.", "International adoption of South Korean children __knowledge__ The initiative was taken by religious organizations in the United States, Australia, and many Western European nations, and eventually developed into various apparatus that sustained adoption as a socially integrated system.", "International adoption of South Korean children __knowledge__ A 1988 article which was originally in The Progressive and reprinted in Pound Pup Legacy said that fewer than one percent of Korean adoptees adopted now are Amerasian, but most of the Korean adoptees for the decade after the Korean War were Amerasians who were fathered by American soldiers.", "Charlie Gard case __knowledge__ The Charlie Gard case was a best interests case in 2017 involving Charles Matthew William Gard (4 August 2016 – 28 July 2017), an infant boy from London, born with mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome (MDDS), a rare genetic disorder that causes progressive brain damage and muscle failure.", "Charlie Gard case __knowledge__ MDDS has no treatment and usually causes death in infancy.", "Charlie Gard case __knowledge__ The case became controversial because the medical team and parents disagreed about whether experimental treatment was in the best interests of the child.", "Charlie Gard case __knowledge__ In October 2016, Charlie was transferred to London's Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), a National Health Service (NHS) children's hospital, because he was failing to thrive and his breathing was shallow.", "LGBT parenting __knowledge__ LGBT parenting refers to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people raising one or more children as parents or foster care parents.", "LGBT parenting __knowledge__ This includes: children raised by same-sex couples (same-sex parenting), children raised by single LGBT parents, and children raised by an opposite-sex couple where at least one partner is LGBT.", "LGBT parenting __knowledge__ LGBT people can become parents through various means including current or former relationships, coparenting, adoption, donor insemination, and surrogacy.", "LGBT parenting __knowledge__ Scientific research consistently shows that gay and lesbian parents are as fit and capable as heterosexual parents, and their children are as psychologically healthy and well-adjusted as those reared by heterosexual parents.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ It ran on for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005 and it is followed by \"The Dumping Ground\" that has aired since 2013.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ Dani Harmer and Lisa Coleman reprised their roles as Tracy Beaker and Cam Lawson for \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ Gina Conway, played by Kay Purcell, is a careworker at \"Elm Tree House\" in \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" and the first series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "Child custody __knowledge__ Child custody and \"legal guardianship\" are legal terms which are used to describe the legal and practical relationship between a parent or guardian and a child in that person's care, such as the right to make decisions on behalf of a child and the duty to care for and support the child.", "Child custody __knowledge__ Following ratification of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child in most countries, terms such as parental responsibility, \"residence\" and \"contact\" (also known as \"visitation\", \"conservatorship\" or \"parenting time\" in the United States) have superseded the concepts of \"custody\" and \"access\" in some member nations.", "Property management __knowledge__ Property management is the operation, control, and oversight of real estate as used in its most broad terms.", "Property management __knowledge__ Management indicates a need to be cared for, monitored and accountability given for its useful life and condition.", "Property management __knowledge__ This is much akin to the role of management in any business.", "Property management __knowledge__ Property management is also the management of personal property, equipment, tooling, and physical capital assets that are acquired and used to build, repair, and maintain end item deliverables.", "Property management __knowledge__ Property management involves the processes, systems, and manpower required to manage the life cycle of all acquired property as defined above including acquisition, control, accountability, responsibility, maintenance, utilization, and disposition.", "Real estate in Panama __knowledge__ Real estate in Panama is about how the Republic of Panama's real estate industry has grown since 2006, as foreign investments helped to fuel Panama's economy and housing market.", "Real estate in Panama __knowledge__ In spite of the economic and housing market growth, poverty is a problem in Panama.", "Real estate in Panama __knowledge__ Most indigenous people live in extreme poverty while others located in rural areas live in basic poverty.", "Real estate in Panama __knowledge__ Lack of sanitation, electricity, basic water, health, and education amongst the poor is a serious problem affecting Panama’s housing conditions.", "Real estate in Panama __knowledge__ In an attempt to encourage foreign investments for real estate projects and infrastructure, the government of Panama enacted laws protecting foreigners and citizens who make investments.", "Costa-Hawkins Rental Housing Act __knowledge__ The Costa-Hawkins Rental Housing Act (\"Costa-Hawkins\") is a California state law, enacted in 1995, which places limits on municipal rent control ordinances.", "Costa-Hawkins Rental Housing Act __knowledge__ Costa-Hawkins preempts the field in two major ways.", "Costa-Hawkins Rental Housing Act __knowledge__ First, it prohibits cities from establishing rent control over certain kinds of residential units (e.g., single family dwellings, and newly constructed units, which are both deemed exempt).", "Costa-Hawkins Rental Housing Act __knowledge__ Second, it prohibits municipal \"vacancy control\", also called \"strict\" rent control.", "Costa-Hawkins Rental Housing Act __knowledge__ The act prohibits rent control on single family homes, condominiums, and any building constructed after 1995 (the date of the passage of the act).", "Gentrification __knowledge__ Gentrification is a process of renovation of deteriorated urban neighborhoods by means of the influx of more affluent residents.", "Gentrification __knowledge__ This is a common and controversial topic in politics and in urban planning.", "Gentrification __knowledge__ Gentrification can improve the quality of a neighborhood, while also potentially forcing relocation of current, established residents and businesses, causing them to move from a gentrified area, seeking lower cost housing and stores.", "Gentrification __knowledge__ Gentrification often shifts a neighborhood’s racial/ethnic composition and average household income by developing new, more expensive housing, businesses and improved resources.", "Graduate real estate education __knowledge__ The study of real estate at the graduate school level has taken many forms, giving rise to various educational models in different countries.", "Graduate real estate education __knowledge__ The decision for individuals pursuing higher education in this field often comes down to choosing between a traditional degree with a focus on real estate (e.g., MBA with concentration in real estate) or an interdisciplinary, comprehensive degree (e.g., Master of Real Estate) focused wholly on real estate studies.", "Graduate real estate education __knowledge__ Students who opt to study in a full-time Master of Real Estate program, should expect to take courses in topics such as financial analysis, market analysis, contracts and deal-making, construction, design fundamentals, asset (property) management, construction management, building technology and design fundamentals.", "Internet real estate __knowledge__ An electronic version of the real estate industry, internet real estate is the concept of publishing housing estates for sale or rent, and for consumers seeking to buy or rent a property.", "Internet real estate __knowledge__ Often, internet real estates are operated by landlords themselves.", "Internet real estate __knowledge__ However, there are few exceptions where an online real estate agent would exist, still dealing via the web and often stating a flat-fee and not a commission based on percentage of total sales.", "Internet real estate __knowledge__ Internet real estate surfaced around 1999 when technology advanced and statistics prove that more than 1 million homes were sold by the owners themselves in just America, in 2000.", "Causes of the United States housing bubble __knowledge__ Observers and analysts have attributed the reasons for the 2001–2006 housing bubble and its 2007–10 collapse in the United States to \"everyone from home buyers to Wall Street, mortgage brokers to Alan Greenspan\".", "Causes of the United States housing bubble __knowledge__ Other factors that are named include \"Mortgage underwriters, investment banks, rating agencies, and investors\", \"low mortgage interest rates, low short-term interest rates, relaxed standards for mortgage loans, and irrational exuberance\" Politicians in both the Democratic and Republican political parties have been cited for \"pushing to keep derivatives unregulated\" and \"with rare exceptions\" giving Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac \"unwavering support\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Real estate __knowledge__ Real estate is \"property consisting of land and the buildings on it, along with its natural resources such as crops, minerals or water; immovable property of this nature; an interest vested in this (also) an item of real property, (more generally) buildings or housing in general.", "Real estate __knowledge__ Also: the business of real estate; the profession of buying, selling, or renting land, buildings, or housing.\"", "Real estate __knowledge__ It is a legal term used in jurisdictions whose legal system is derived from English common law, such as India, the United Kingdom, United States, Canada, Pakistan, Australia, and New Zealand.", "Real estate __knowledge__ Residential real estate may contain either a single family or multifamily structure that is available for occupation or for non-business purposes.", "Real estate __knowledge__ Residences can be classified by if and how they are connected to neighbouring residences and land.", "Real estate __knowledge__ Different types of housing tenure can be used for the same physical type.", "Real estate __knowledge__ For example, connected residences might be owned by a single entity and leased out, or owned separately with an agreement covering the relationship between units and common areas and concerns.", "Real estate __knowledge__ The size of an apartment or house can be described in square feet or meters.", "Real estate __knowledge__ In the United States, this includes the area of \"living space\", excluding the garage and other non-living spaces.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "Warren Buffett __knowledge__ Warren Edward Buffett (; born August 30, 1930) is an American business magnate, investor, and philanthropist.", "Warren Buffett __knowledge__ Buffett serves as the chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway.", "Warren Buffett __knowledge__ He is considered one of the most successful investors in the world, and as of January 2018, has a net worth of $91.6 billion, making him the third wealthiest person in the United States and in the world.", "Warren Buffett __knowledge__ Born in Omaha, Buffett developed an interest in business and investing in his youth, eventually entering the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in 1947, before transferring and graduating from University of Nebraska–Lincoln at the age of 19.", "Victorian Railways S type carriage __knowledge__ The S type carriages are a compartment layout passenger carriage used on the railways of Victoria, Australia.", "Victorian Railways S type carriage __knowledge__ The carriages were constructed by the Victorian Railways in 1937 for use on the \"Spirit of Progress\", with additional carriages built until the 1950s for other trains.", "Victorian Railways S type carriage __knowledge__ Introduced by Victorian Railways Chief Commissioner Harold Clapp for the \"Spirit of Progress\" service between Melbourne and Albury, the carriages lasted through many decades of regular service across a number of operators.", "Victorian Railways S type carriage __knowledge__ Most of the fleet are still in service today, though none are in regular passenger service.", "Victorian Railways S type carriage __knowledge__ Two major types of carriage were constructed - AS first class cars with 3+3 seating in each compartment, BS second class cars with 4+4 seating.", "Suleyman Kerimov __knowledge__ Suleyman Abusaidovich Kerimov (; ; born March 12, 1966) is a Russian businessman, investor and politician.", "Suleyman Kerimov __knowledge__ Since 2008, Kerimov has represented the Republic of Dagestan in the Federation Council of Russia.", "Suleyman Kerimov __knowledge__ On 20 November 2017 Kerimov was arrested by French police at Nice airport in connection with a tax evasion case concerning his purchase of several luxury residences on the French Riviera via shell companies.", "Suleyman Kerimov __knowledge__ Kerimov graduated from high school in 1983, and following this enrolled in the Civil Engineering Department at Dagestan Polytechnic Institute in 1984, though his obligatory military service for the Soviet Army brought his studies to a halt just one year later.", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" is an American comedy-drama series that aired on ABC (American Broadcasting Company).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ It focuses on the residents living on the fictional Wisteria Lane as narrated by their deceased neighbor, Mary Alice Young (Brenda Strong).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ Specifically, the series follows four protagonists and Mary Alice's friends, Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher), Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman), Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross), and Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" features an ensemble cast, which also includes the women's husbands, children, love interests, neighbors, and other acquaintances.", "Larry Ellison __knowledge__ Lawrence Joseph Ellison (born August 17, 1944) is an American businessman, entrepreneur, and philanthropist who is co-founder, executive chairman and chief technology officer of Oracle Corporation.", "Larry Ellison __knowledge__ As of January 2018, he was listed by \"Forbes\" magazine as the fifth-wealthiest person in the United States and as the eighth-wealthiest in the world, with a fortune of $62.4 billion.", "Larry Ellison __knowledge__ Ellison was born in New York City and grew up in Chicago.", "Larry Ellison __knowledge__ He studied at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign and the University of Chicago without graduating before moving to California in 1966.", "Larry Ellison __knowledge__ While working at Ampex in the early 1970s, he became influenced by Edgar F. Codd's research on relational database design, which led in 1977 to the formation of what became Oracle.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ This is a list of protagonists and antagonists from British author Anthony Horowitz's \"Alex Rider\" series.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ This includes characters from the novels, the film, the graphic novels, and the short stories.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ Anthony Sean Howell, more commonly referred to as Ash (his initials), is a major character in \"Snakehead\".", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ Ash was born in England and worked for MI6 with his best friend John Rider.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ When John went undercover within Scorpia, Ash was assigned to monitor his progress from a distance in case his friend got into difficulty.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ Ash was chosen to lead the mission to \"capture\" John, when he and Yassen Gregorovich were sent to kill a target in Malta.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 (樱野3加1), also known as Sakurano in the Philippines, is a Taiwanese drama that airs Sunday on TTV/SETTV.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ This drama brings back Ming Dao and Joe Chen Qiao En.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian, Jia Jiang, Fang Wei, and Bulu all grew up on Westside Street together and currently study in Ying Ye School, one month away from graduation.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian's dad is a police officer in Westside Street and is retiring tomorrow.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ But just on that day, they all had a fight at school with the Dinosaur gang, and were almost expelled by the principal.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Officer Xia went to settle the conflict and not only did it not get settled, his gun got misplaced by the principal too.", "I Get Money __knowledge__ \"I Get Money\" is the third single from 50 Cent's third album, \"Curtis\".", "I Get Money __knowledge__ This song was #14 on \"Rolling Stone\"s list of the 100 Best Songs of 2007.", "I Get Money __knowledge__ The song peaked at #20 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and was certified Gold by the RIAA.", "I Get Money __knowledge__ \"I Get Money\" contains elements from Audio Two's \"Top Billin'\".", "I Get Money __knowledge__ It was recorded at 50 Cent's Connecticut mansion studio by engineer Alonzo Vargas.", "I Get Money __knowledge__ Although the track was a promotional single, it was also the official remix for 50 Cent's previous single, \"Straight to the Bank\".", "I Get Money __knowledge__ The song was produced by Apex.", "I Get Money __knowledge__ Initially, Scott Boogie was credited as the producer of the song: however, it was later discovered that Scott Boogie actually stole the beat from Apex.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement is a defence procurement project of the Canadian government to purchase Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), a process started in 1997.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The F-35 procurement has been a source of considerable controversy in public policy circles in Canada since the federal government announced its intention to purchase the aircraft in 2010.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ In April 2012, with the release of a highly critical Auditor General of Canada report on the failures of the government's F-35 program, the procurement was labelled a national \"scandal\" and \"fiasco\" by the media.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ Devil Beside You () is a 2005 Taiwanese drama starring Mike He, Rainie Yang and Kingone Wang.", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ It is based on Japanese manga \"Akuma de Sourou\", , written by Mitsuba Takanashi.", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ It was produced by Comic Ritz International Production (可米瑞智國際藝能有限公司) with Chai Zhi Ping () as producer and directed by Lin He Long ().", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ The series was first broadcast in Taiwan on free-to-air China Television (CTV) (中視) from 26 June to 18 September 2005 and cable TV Eastern Television (ETTV) (東森) for 20 episodes.", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ The story begins with Qi Yue (Rainie Yang) planning to confess her liking to the basketball team captain, Yuan Yi (Kingone Wang)." ] ]

[ 1, 0, 17 ]

[ "Hello! I picked the topic Real Estate. Do you own a home or rent?", "Ah very nice! That is definitely a great way to get money saved up. Do you plan to in the future?", "Buffest currently servers as the CEO of a company.. definitely a successful man! But I do definiitely agree that you should stay where it's cheap while you can!" ]

[ "Real estate", "Real estate", "Real estate" ]

[ "Technical drawing", "I respect people that can draw but I am a terrible artist.", "So should I start with simple shapes?", "I think I need to learn the basics before I try to understand subjective interpretation." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Technical drawing, drafting or drawing, is the act and discipline of composing drawings that visually communicate how something functions or is constructed.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Technical drawing is essential for communicating ideas in industry and engineering.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ To make the drawings easier to understand, people use familiar symbols, perspectives, units of measurement, notation systems, visual styles, and page layout.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Together, such conventions constitute a visual language and help to ensure that the drawing is unambiguous and relatively easy to understand.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Many of the symbols and principles of technical drawing are codified in an international standard called ISO 128.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ The need for precise communication in the preparation of a functional document distinguishes technical drawing from the expressive drawing of the visual arts.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Artistic drawings are subjectively interpreted; their meanings are multiply determined.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Technical drawings are understood to have one intended meaning.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ A \"drafter\", \"draftsperson\", or \"draughtsman\" is a person who makes a drawing (technical or expressive).", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ A professional drafter who makes technical drawings is sometimes called a \"drafting technician\".", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Professional drafting is a desirable and necessary function in the design and manufacture of complex mechanical components and machines." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Technical drawing, drafting or drawing, is the act and discipline of composing drawings that visually communicate how something functions or is constructed.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Technical drawing is essential for communicating ideas in industry and engineering.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ To make the drawings easier to understand, people use familiar symbols, perspectives, units of measurement, notation systems, visual styles, and page layout.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Together, such conventions constitute a visual language and help to ensure that the drawing is unambiguous and relatively easy to understand.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Many of the symbols and principles of technical drawing are codified in an international standard called ISO 128.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ The need for precise communication in the preparation of a functional document distinguishes technical drawing from the expressive drawing of the visual arts.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Artistic drawings are subjectively interpreted; their meanings are multiply determined.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Technical drawings are understood to have one intended meaning.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ A \"drafter\", \"draftsperson\", or \"draughtsman\" is a person who makes a drawing (technical or expressive).", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ A professional drafter who makes technical drawings is sometimes called a \"drafting technician\".", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Professional drafting is a desirable and necessary function in the design and manufacture of complex mechanical components and machines.", "Wholesale fashion distribution __knowledge__ Wholesale fashion distribution refers to the global market of bulk clothing sales, in which producers, wholesalers and sellers are involved in a commercial, business-to-business process.", "Wholesale fashion distribution __knowledge__ Most wholesalers get their fashion stocks from the producers that commercialize the latest collections in bulk, at volume discounts.", "Wholesale fashion distribution __knowledge__ Others purchase overstocks and closeout merchandise from retailers or distributors.", "Wholesale fashion distribution __knowledge__ Their clients are the resellers that purchase those stocks and sell it to the final consumers.", "Wholesale fashion distribution __knowledge__ Often, this process .", "Wholesale fashion distribution __knowledge__ is financed through merchant factoring or vendor finance.", "Wholesale fashion distribution __knowledge__ In other cases, the merchant is assessed \"counter rent\" for a \"store-within-a-store\" concept, common in the cosmetics industry, but also not unheard of in clothing.", "Di Zi Gui __knowledge__ Di Zi Gui (, \"Standards for being a Good Pupil and Child\") was written in the Qing Dynasty during the reign of the Kangxi Emperor (r. 1661-1722) by Li Yuxiu.", "Di Zi Gui __knowledge__ The book is based on the ancient teaching of the Chinese philosopher Confucius that emphasises the basic requisites for being a good person and guidelines for living in harmony with others.", "Di Zi Gui __knowledge__ Like the \"San Zi Jing\" (another classic Chinese children's text), it is written in three-character verses.", "Di Zi Gui __knowledge__ The source for the main outline of it is from Analects of Confucius, Book 1, Chapter 6, where Confucius said: A young man should be a good son at home and an obedient young man abroad, sparing of speech but trustworthy in what he says, and should love the multitude at large but cultivate the friendship of his fellow men.", "Giancarlo Monsalve __knowledge__ Giancarlo Monsalve Leyton (born 4 March 1982) is a Chilean Spinto Tenor.", "Giancarlo Monsalve __knowledge__ He is the Cultural Ambassador of Valparaíso UNESCO World Heritage.", "Giancarlo Monsalve __knowledge__ He is known for his portrayal as Don José in \"Carmen\", Cavaradossi in \"Tosca\", Turiddu in \"Cavalleria Rusticana\", the title role in \"Don Carlos\", Riccardo in \"Un Ballo in Maschera\", prince Calaf in \"Turandot\" and Don Alvaro in \"La Forza del Destino\" Monsalve's vocal Technique is formed with the traditional old Italian school, passed on from generation to generation.", "Giancarlo Monsalve __knowledge__ However his technique is consolidated with the bases of two different schools, Ettore Campogalliani and Arturo Melocchi.", "Jonas Rivera __knowledge__ Jonas Rivera is an Academy Award-winning American producer.", "Jonas Rivera __knowledge__ He produced the animated films \"Up\" (2009) and \"Inside Out\" (2015).", "Jonas Rivera __knowledge__ Rivera is an alumnus of San Francisco State University who has worked with Pixar Animation Studios since 1994.", "Jonas Rivera __knowledge__ Rivera was born and raised in Castro Valley, California.", "Jonas Rivera __knowledge__ As a boy, he wanted to become an animator, but according to him, he could not draw: \"I was a terrible artist, and I still am.\"", "Jonas Rivera __knowledge__ Rivera graduated from San Francisco State University with a degree in Film Production.", "Jonas Rivera __knowledge__ In 1994, in the last year of making \"Toy Story\", he joined Pixar as the first production intern: \"I saw \"Luxo Jr.\" in a class and liked it so much I cold-called Pixar.\"", "Juanes __knowledge__ Juan Esteban Aristizábal Vásquez (born August 9, 1972), better known as Juanes (for the contraction of his first and second name), is a Colombian musician who was a member of the rock band Ekhymosis and is now a solo artist.", "Juanes __knowledge__ In 2000, his solo debut album \"Fíjate Bien\" won three Latin Grammy Awards.", "Juanes __knowledge__ According to his record label, Juanes has sold more than 15 million albums worldwide.", "Juanes __knowledge__ Raised in Colombia, Juanes began playing guitar at age seven.", "Juanes __knowledge__ When Juanes was 15, he started his first band, Ekhymosis, in 1988, which went on to release five albums, achieving recognition in his native country of Colombia.", "Terrible Towel __knowledge__ The Terrible Towel is a rally towel associated with the Pittsburgh Steelers, an American football team in the National Football League (NFL).", "Terrible Towel __knowledge__ The Terrible Towel has spread in popularity; for example, fans take their Towel to famous sites while on vacation.", "Terrible Towel __knowledge__ The Towel has been taken to the peak of Mount Everest, and even into space on the International Space Station.", "Terrible Towel __knowledge__ It is widely recognized as a symbol of the Steelers and the city of Pittsburgh.", "Terrible Towel __knowledge__ Proceeds from sales of the Towel have raised over US$3 million for Allegheny Valley School, which cares for people with mental disabilities and physical disabilities.", "14th Dalai Lama __knowledge__ The 14th Dalai Lama (religious name: Tenzin Gyatso, shortened from Jetsun Jamphel Ngawang Lobsang Yeshe Tenzin Gyatso, born Lhamo Thondup, 6 July 1935) is the current Dalai Lama.", "14th Dalai Lama __knowledge__ Dalai Lamas are important monks of the Gelug school, the newest school of Tibetan Buddhism which is formally headed by the Ganden Tripas.", "14th Dalai Lama __knowledge__ From the time of the 5th Dalai Lama to 1959, the central government of Tibet, the Ganden Phodrang, invested the position of Dalai Lama with temporal duties.", "14th Dalai Lama __knowledge__ The 14th Dalai Lama was born in Taktser village, Amdo, Tibet and was selected as the tulku of the 13th Dalai Lama in 1937 and formally recognized as the 14th Dalai Lama at a public declaration near the town of Bumchen in 1939.", "Hobby __knowledge__ A hobby is a regular activity that is done for enjoyment, typically during one's leisure time.", "Hobby __knowledge__ Hobbies can include collecting themed items and objects, engaging in creative and artistic pursuits, playing sports, or pursuing other amusements.", "Hobby __knowledge__ A list of hobbies is lengthy and always changing as interests and fashions change.", "Hobby __knowledge__ By continually participating in a particular hobby, one can acquire substantial skills and knowledge in that area.", "Hobby __knowledge__ Engagement in hobbies has increased since the late nineteenth century as workers have more leisure time and advancing production and technology have provided more support for leisure activities.", "Strange as It Seems __knowledge__ Strange as It Seems appeared as a syndicated cartoon feature in 1928 and became a familiar brand to millions around the globe for its comic strips, books, radio shows and film shorts.", "Strange as It Seems __knowledge__ Created by John Hix, \"Strange as It Seems\" was distinguished for its adherence to Hix's standard that every published fact be verified by a minimum of three sources.", "Strange as It Seems __knowledge__ In Hix's words, \"Strange as It Seems\" is a library of The \"Strange as It Seems\" syndicated cartoon strips were printed daily in newspapers from 1928 to 1970.", "Strange as It Seems __knowledge__ They were originally created by John Hix.", "Strange as It Seems __knowledge__ \"Strange as It Seems\" was distinguished for its adherence to Hix's standard that every published fact be verified by a minimum of three sources.", "Mehnaz Begum __knowledge__ Mehnaz Begum (1950 – 19 January 2013) was a Pakistani singer, well known for her film appearances.", "Mehnaz Begum __knowledge__ She sang a variety of genres but specialized in ghazal, thumri, dadra, khayal, drupad and reciting salam, noha and marsiya.", "Mehnaz Begum __knowledge__ She was the daughter of celebrated sub-continental singer Kajjan Begum.", "Mehnaz Begum __knowledge__ and the famous government officer Abdullah Abdullah Tasnim, but when she realized fame, she changed her maiden name to Mehnaz.", "Mehnaz Begum __knowledge__ One of her most memorable works is Master Piece.", "Mehnaz Begum __knowledge__ Master Piece is a painting that Tasnim created when she was taking a drawing class in college.", "Mehnaz Begum __knowledge__ She was not married but some of her favorite hobbies included bird watching and admiring nature.", "Fred Gil __knowledge__ João Frederico Limpo Franco Gil (born 24 March 1985), known as Fred Gil (), is a Portuguese professional tennis player, who currently competes in the ITF Men's Circuit.", "Fred Gil __knowledge__ He is ranked no.", "Fred Gil __knowledge__ 432 in the world by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP), as of 10 April 2017.", "Fred Gil __knowledge__ Gil made some Portuguese tennis major breakthroughs during his career.", "Fred Gil __knowledge__ At the 2010 Estoril Open, he was the first Portuguese to reach an ATP Tour final, and in April 2011, he achieved a career-high singles world ranking of 62 – the highest ever for a Portuguese player until he was surpassed by Rui Machado in September that same year.", "Robert Duvall __knowledge__ Robert Selden Duvall (; born January 5, 1931) is an American actor and filmmaker.", "Robert Duvall __knowledge__ He has been nominated for seven Academy Awards (winning for his performance in \"Tender Mercies\"), seven Golden Globes (winning four), and has multiple nominations and one win each of the BAFTA, Screen Actors Guild Award, and Emmy Award.", "Robert Duvall __knowledge__ He received the National Medal of Arts in 2005.", "Robert Duvall __knowledge__ Duvall has starred in numerous films and television series, including \"To Kill a Mockingbird\" (1962), \"The Twilight Zone\" (1963), \"The Outer Limits\" (1964), \"Bullitt\" (1968), \"True Grit\" (1969), \"MASH\" (1970), \"THX 1138\" (1971), \"Joe Kidd\" (1972), \"The Godfather\" (1972), \"The Godfather Part II\" (1974), \"The Conversation\" (1974), \"Network\" (1976), \"Apocalypse Now\" (1979), \"The Great Santini\" (1979), \"Lonesome Dove\" (1989), \"The Handmaid's Tale\" (1990), \"Rambling Rose\" (1991), and \"Falling Down\" (1993).", "TSR (company) __knowledge__ TSR, Inc. was an American game publishing company and the publisher of \"Dungeons & Dragons\" (\"D&D\").", "TSR (company) __knowledge__ When Gary Gygax could not find a publisher for \"D&D\", a new type of game he and Dave Arneson were co-developing, Gygax and Don Kaye founded Tactical Studies Rules in October, 1973, to self-publish their products.", "TSR (company) __knowledge__ However, needing immediate financing to bring their new game to market before several similar competing products were released, Gygax and Kaye brought in Brian Blume in December as an equal partner.", "TSR (company) __knowledge__ When Kaye unexpectedly died in 1975, the Tactical Studies Rules partnership restructured into TSR Hobbies, Inc. and accepted investment from Blume's father Melvin.", "List of Drawn Together characters __knowledge__ List of characters appearing in the animated television series \"Drawn Together\".", "List of Drawn Together characters __knowledge__ All eight of the four main housemates have physically appeared in every episode and the movie.", "List of Drawn Together characters __knowledge__ However, there have been certain episodes where some of them have had no lines of dialogue.", "List of Drawn Together characters __knowledge__ Toot didn't speak in the episodes \"Foxxy VS the Board of Education\" and \"Nipple Ring-Ring Goes to Foster Care.\"", "List of Drawn Together characters __knowledge__ Clara and Xandir didn't speak in \"Breakfast Food Killer\" and Ling-Ling had no dialogue in the episodes \"Dirty Pranking No.", "List of Drawn Together characters __knowledge__ 2,\" \"A Tale of Two Cows,\" \"The Drawn Together Clip Show,\" \"Spelling Applebee's\" and \"Unrestrainable Trainable.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Technical drawing, drafting or drawing, is the act and discipline of composing drawings that visually communicate how something functions or is constructed.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Technical drawing is essential for communicating ideas in industry and engineering.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ To make the drawings easier to understand, people use familiar symbols, perspectives, units of measurement, notation systems, visual styles, and page layout.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Together, such conventions constitute a visual language and help to ensure that the drawing is unambiguous and relatively easy to understand.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Many of the symbols and principles of technical drawing are codified in an international standard called ISO 128.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ The need for precise communication in the preparation of a functional document distinguishes technical drawing from the expressive drawing of the visual arts.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Artistic drawings are subjectively interpreted; their meanings are multiply determined.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Technical drawings are understood to have one intended meaning.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ A \"drafter\", \"draftsperson\", or \"draughtsman\" is a person who makes a drawing (technical or expressive).", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ A professional drafter who makes technical drawings is sometimes called a \"drafting technician\".", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Professional drafting is a desirable and necessary function in the design and manufacture of complex mechanical components and machines.", "Shape __knowledge__ A shape is the form of an object or its external boundary, outline, or external surface, as opposed to other properties such as color, texture or material composition.", "Shape __knowledge__ Psychologists have theorized that humans mentally break down images into simple geometric shapes called geons.", "Shape __knowledge__ Examples of geons include cones and spheres.", "Shape __knowledge__ Some simple shapes can be put into broad categories.", "Shape __knowledge__ For instance, polygons are classified according to their number of edges as triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons, etc.", "Shape __knowledge__ Each of these is divided into smaller categories; triangles can be equilateral, isosceles, obtuse, acute, scalene, etc.", "Jun ware __knowledge__ Jun ware () is a type of Chinese pottery, one of the Five Great Kilns of Song dynasty ceramics.", "Jun ware __knowledge__ Despite its fame, much about Jun ware remains unclear, and the subject of arguments among experts.", "Jun ware __knowledge__ Several different types of pottery are covered by the term, produced over several centuries and in several places, during the Northern Song dynasty (960–1126), Jin dynasty (1115–1234) and Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), and (as has become clearer in recent years) lasting into the early Ming dynasty.", "Jun ware __knowledge__ Some of the wares were popular, especially the drinking vessels, but others seem to have been made for the imperial court and are known as \"official Jun wares\"; they are not mentioned in contemporary documents and their dating remains somewhat controversial.", "Refractory __knowledge__ A refractory material is a material that retains its strength at high temperatures.", "Refractory __knowledge__ ASTM C71 defines refractories as \"...non-metallic materials having those chemical and physical properties that make them applicable for structures, or as components of systems, that are exposed to environments above .\"", "Refractory __knowledge__ Refractory materials are used in furnaces, kilns, incinerators, and reactors.", "Refractory __knowledge__ They are also used to make crucibles and moulds for casting glass and metals and for surfacing flame deflector systems for rocket launch structures.", "Refractory __knowledge__ Today, the iron- and steel-industry uses approximately 70% of all refractories produced.", "Thomas Was Alone __knowledge__ Thomas Was Alone is an indie puzzle platformer video game created by Mike Bithell, originally released as a Flash-based browser game in October 2010.", "Thomas Was Alone __knowledge__ The game was expanded and released to Microsoft Windows and OS X systems in July 2012.", "Thomas Was Alone __knowledge__ PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Vita versions with new content were released in April 2013, while a Linux version was released as part of the game's inclusion in a Humble Bundle in May 2013.", "Thomas Was Alone __knowledge__ The game was released for iPad devices in May 2014, and for other iOS devices and Android devices in July 2014.", "Thomas Was Alone __knowledge__ The game was also released on Xbox One, PlayStation 4 and Wii U in November 2014.", "Ceramic engineering __knowledge__ Ceramic engineering is the science and technology of creating objects from inorganic, non-metallic materials.", "Ceramic engineering __knowledge__ This is done either by the action of heat, or at lower temperatures using precipitation reactions from high-purity chemical solutions.", "Ceramic engineering __knowledge__ The term includes the purification of raw materials, the study and production of the chemical compounds concerned, their formation into components and the study of their structure, composition and properties.", "Ceramic engineering __knowledge__ Ceramic materials may have a crystalline or partly crystalline structure, with long-range order on atomic scale.", "Ceramic engineering __knowledge__ Glass ceramics may have an amorphous or glassy structure, with limited or short-range atomic order.", "Area __knowledge__ Area is the quantity that expresses the extent of a two-dimensional figure or shape, or planar lamina, in the plane.", "Area __knowledge__ Surface area is its analog on the two-dimensional surface of a three-dimensional object.", "Area __knowledge__ Area can be understood as the amount of material with a given thickness that would be necessary to fashion a model of the shape, or the amount of paint necessary to cover the surface with a single coat.", "Area __knowledge__ It is the two-dimensional analog of the length of a curve (a one-dimensional concept) or the volume of a solid (a three-dimensional concept).", "Area __knowledge__ The area of a shape can be measured by comparing the shape to squares of a fixed size.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ It is one of the plastic arts.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ Durable sculptural processes originally used carving (the removal of material) and modelling (the addition of material, as clay), in stone, metal, ceramics, wood and other materials but, since Modernism, there has been an almost complete freedom of materials and process.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ A wide variety of materials may be worked by removal such as carving, assembled by welding or modelling, or molded, or cast.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ Sculpture in stone survives far better than works of art in perishable materials, and often represents the majority of the surviving works (other than pottery) from ancient cultures, though conversely traditions of sculpture in wood may have vanished almost entirely.", "Musical notation __knowledge__ Music notation or musical notation is any system used to visually represent aurally perceived music played with instruments or sung by the human voice through the use of written, printed, or otherwise-produced symbols.", "Musical notation __knowledge__ Types and methods of notation have varied between cultures and throughout history, and much information about ancient music notation is fragmentary.", "Musical notation __knowledge__ Even in the same time period, such as in the 2010s, different styles of music and different cultures use different music notation methods; for example, for professional classical music performers, sheet music using staves and noteheads is the most common way of notating music, but for professional country music session musicians, the Nashville Number System is the main method.", "Page layout __knowledge__ Page layout is the part of graphic design that deals in the arrangement of visual elements on a page.", "Page layout __knowledge__ It generally involves organizational principles of composition to achieve specific communication objectives.", "Page layout __knowledge__ The high-level page layout involves deciding on the overall arrangement of text and images, and possibly on the size or shape of the medium.", "Page layout __knowledge__ It requires intelligence, sentience, and creativity, and is informed by culture, psychology, and what the document authors and editors wish to communicate and emphasize.", "Page layout __knowledge__ Low-level pagination and typesetting are more mechanical processes.", "Page layout __knowledge__ Given certain parameters - boundaries of text areas, the typeface, font size, and justification preference can be done in a straightforward way.", "Eshkol-Wachman movement notation __knowledge__ Eshkol-Wachman movement notation is a notation system for recording movement on paper or computer screen.", "Eshkol-Wachman movement notation __knowledge__ The system was created in Israel by dance theorist Noa Eshkol and Avraham Wachman, a professor of architecture at the Technion.", "Eshkol-Wachman movement notation __knowledge__ The system is used in many fields, including dance, physical therapy, animal behavior and early diagnosis of autism.", "Eshkol-Wachman movement notation __knowledge__ The Movement Notation Society, located in Holon, Israel, is the official organization devoted to Eshkol-Wachman movement notation.", "Eshkol-Wachman movement notation __knowledge__ Eshkol-Wachman movement notation is a system to record movement on paper or computer screen, developed by choreographer Noa Eshkol (daughter of Levi Eshkol) and architect Abraham Wachman.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ Graphic design is the process of visual communication and problem-solving using one or more of typography, photography and illustration.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ The field is considered a subset of visual communication and communication design, but sometimes the term \"graphic design\" is used synonymously.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ Graphic designers create and combine symbols, images and text to form visual representations of ideas and messages.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ They use typography, visual arts and page layout techniques to create visual compositions.", "Graphic design __knowledge__ Common uses of graphic design include corporate design (logos and branding), editorial design (magazines, newspapers and books), wayfinding or environmental design, advertising, web design, communication design, product packaging and signage.", "Keyboard layout __knowledge__ A keyboard layout is any specific \"mechanical\", \"visual\", or \"functional\" arrangement of the keys, legends, or key-meaning associations (respectively) of a computer, typewriter, or other typographic keyboard.", "Keyboard layout __knowledge__ Most computer keyboards are designed to send scancodes to the operating system, rather than directly sending characters.", "Keyboard layout __knowledge__ From there, the series of scancodes is converted into a character stream by keyboard layout software.", "Keyboard layout __knowledge__ This allows a physical keyboard to be dynamically mapped to any number of layouts without switching hardware components – merely by changing the software that interprets the keystrokes.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ Ethnomusicology is the study of music from the cultural and social aspects of the people who make it.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ It encompasses distinct theoretical and methodical approaches that emphasize cultural, social, material, cognitive, biological, and other dimensions or contexts of musical behavior, instead of only its isolated sound component.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ The term \"ethnomusicology\" is said to have been first coined by Jaap Kunst from the Greek words ἔθνος (\"ethnos\", \"nation\") and μουσική (\"mousike\", \"music\"), is often defined as the anthropology or ethnography of music, or as musical anthropology.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ During its early development from comparative musicology in the 1950s, ethnomusicology was primarily oriented toward non-Western music, but for several decades has included the study of all and any musics of the world (including Western art music and popular music) from anthropological, sociological and intercultural perspectives." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Technical drawing, drafting or drawing, is the act and discipline of composing drawings that visually communicate how something functions or is constructed.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Technical drawing is essential for communicating ideas in industry and engineering.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ To make the drawings easier to understand, people use familiar symbols, perspectives, units of measurement, notation systems, visual styles, and page layout.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Together, such conventions constitute a visual language and help to ensure that the drawing is unambiguous and relatively easy to understand.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Many of the symbols and principles of technical drawing are codified in an international standard called ISO 128.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ The need for precise communication in the preparation of a functional document distinguishes technical drawing from the expressive drawing of the visual arts.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Artistic drawings are subjectively interpreted; their meanings are multiply determined.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Technical drawings are understood to have one intended meaning.", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ A \"drafter\", \"draftsperson\", or \"draughtsman\" is a person who makes a drawing (technical or expressive).", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ A professional drafter who makes technical drawings is sometimes called a \"drafting technician\".", "Technical drawing __knowledge__ Professional drafting is a desirable and necessary function in the design and manufacture of complex mechanical components and machines.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The value-form or form of value () is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, Marxism and post-Marxism.", "Value-form __knowledge__ It refers to the \"social form\" of a commodity (any product traded in markets) as a symbol of value, which contrasts with its physical features, as a product which can satisfy some human need.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The physical appearance of a commodity is directly observable, but the meaning of its social form is not.", "Value-form __knowledge__ Narrating the paradoxical oddities and metaphysical niceties of ordinary things when they become instruments of trade, Marx seeks to provide a brief morphology of the category of economic value as such - what its substance really is, the forms which this substance takes, and how its magnitude is determined or expressed.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "Learning theory (education) __knowledge__ Learning theories are conceptual frameworks describing how knowledge is absorbed, processed, and retained during learning.", "Learning theory (education) __knowledge__ Cognitive, emotional, and environmental influences, as well as prior experience, all play a part in how understanding, or a world view, is acquired or changed and knowledge and skills retained.", "Learning theory (education) __knowledge__ Behaviorists look at learning as an aspect of conditioning and will advocate a system of rewards and targets in education.", "Learning theory (education) __knowledge__ Educators who embrace cognitive theory believe that the definition of learning as a change in behavior is too narrow and prefer to study the learner rather than their environment and in particular the complexities of human memory.", "Copenhagen interpretation __knowledge__ The Copenhagen interpretation is an expression of the meaning of quantum mechanics that was largely devised in the years 1925 to 1927 by Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg.", "Copenhagen interpretation __knowledge__ It remains one of the most commonly taught interpretations of quantum mechanics.", "Copenhagen interpretation __knowledge__ According to the Copenhagen interpretation, physical systems generally do not have definite properties prior to being measured, and quantum mechanics can only predict the probabilities that measurements will produce certain results.", "Copenhagen interpretation __knowledge__ The act of measurement affects the system, causing the set of probabilities to reduce to only one of the possible values immediately after the measurement.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ Ethnomusicology is the study of music from the cultural and social aspects of the people who make it.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ It encompasses distinct theoretical and methodical approaches that emphasize cultural, social, material, cognitive, biological, and other dimensions or contexts of musical behavior, instead of only its isolated sound component.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ The term \"ethnomusicology\" is said to have been first coined by Jaap Kunst from the Greek words ἔθνος (\"ethnos\", \"nation\") and μουσική (\"mousike\", \"music\"), is often defined as the anthropology or ethnography of music, or as musical anthropology.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ During its early development from comparative musicology in the 1950s, ethnomusicology was primarily oriented toward non-Western music, but for several decades has included the study of all and any musics of the world (including Western art music and popular music) from anthropological, sociological and intercultural perspectives.", "Levantine archaeology __knowledge__ Levantine archaeology is the archaeological study of the Levant.", "Levantine archaeology __knowledge__ It is also known as Syro-Palestinian archaeology or Palestinian archaeology (particularly when the area of inquiry centers on ancient Palestine.)", "Levantine archaeology __knowledge__ Besides its importance to the discipline of Biblical archaeology, the Levant is highly important when forming an understanding of the history of the earliest peoples of the Stone Age.", "Levantine archaeology __knowledge__ As a field of archaeology, Levantine Archaeology encompasses excavations, salvage, conservation and reconstruction efforts, as well as off-site research, interpretation, and other scholarship.", "Levantine archaeology __knowledge__ The geographical scope of Levantine archaeology includes Syria, Israel, Palestine, Lebanon, Jordan, Cyprus, and the Hatay Province of Turkey.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ South African contract law is ‘essentially a modernised version of the Roman-Dutch law of contract’, which is itself rooted in canon and Roman laws.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ In the broadest definition, a contract is an agreement two or more parties enter into with the serious intention of creating a legal obligation.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ Contract law provides a legal framework within which persons can transact business and exchange resources, secure in the knowledge that the law will uphold their agreements and, if necessary, enforce them.", "South African contract law __knowledge__ The law of contract underpins private enterprise in South Africa and regulates it in the interest of fair dealing.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ South African criminal law is the body of national law relating to crime in South Africa.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In the definition of Van der Walt \"et al\", a crime is \"conduct which common or statute law prohibits and expressly or impliedly subjects to punishment remissible by the state alone and which the offender cannot avoid by his own act once he has been convicted.\"", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ Crime involves the infliction of harm against society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ The function or object of criminal law is to provide a social mechanism with which to coerce members of society to abstain from conduct that is harmful to the interests of society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In South Africa, as in most adversarial legal systems, the standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.", "Inuit culture __knowledge__ Inuit describes the various groups of indigenous peoples who live throughout \"Inuit Nunangat\", that is the Inuvialuit Settlement Region of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut of Northern Canada, Nunavik in Quebec and Nunatsiavut in Labrador, as well as in Greenland.", "Inuit culture __knowledge__ The term culture of the Inuit, therefore, refers primarily to these areas; however, parallels to other Eskimo groups can also be drawn.", "Inuit culture __knowledge__ The traditional lifestyle of the Inuit is adapted to extreme climatic conditions; their essential skills for survival are hunting and trapping.", "Inuit culture __knowledge__ Agriculture was never possible in the millions of square kilometres of tundra and icy coasts from Siberia to Northern America and Greenland.", "Prisoner of War Medal __knowledge__ The Prisoner of War Medal is a military award of the United States Armed Forces which was authorized by Congress and signed into law by President Ronald Reagan on 8 November 1985.", "Prisoner of War Medal __knowledge__ The United States Code citation for the POW Medal statute is .", "Prisoner of War Medal __knowledge__ The Prisoner of War Medal may be awarded to any person who was a prisoner of war after April 5, 1917 (the date of the United States' entry into World War I was April 6).", "Prisoner of War Medal __knowledge__ It is awarded to any person who was taken prisoner or held captive while engaged in an action against an enemy of the United States; while engaged in military operations involving conflict with an opposing Armed Force; or while serving with friendly forces engaged in armed conflict against an opposing Armed Force in which the United States is not a belligerent party.", "Dick de Groot __knowledge__ Dick de Groot (born 1920) was born in Scheveningen, a beach suburb of The Hague in the Netherlands.", "Dick de Groot __knowledge__ After the usual schooling that prepared him for the business world he decided to follow his old dream of being a painter.", "Dick de Groot __knowledge__ He studied five years at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts and took post-graduate classes in sculpture.", "Dick de Groot __knowledge__ In 1959 de Groot came to America with his wife Hans and five children.", "Dick de Groot __knowledge__ He started painting gigantic faces, foaming glasses of beer and entire scenes up to long, for the advertising industry.", "Dick de Groot __knowledge__ A good year of this was enough and Dick went on his own, doing murals, portraits in oils or bronze, always on commission.", "Mociur River __knowledge__ The Mociur River is a tributary of the Bega River in Romania." ] ]

[ 0, 3, 7, 0 ]

[ "Drawing is one of my favorite hobbies.", "You should make the drawings easier to understand, by using familiar symbols, perspectives, units of measurement, notation systems, visual styles, and page layout.", "Well, it depends.Artistic drawings are subjectively interpreted.", "You should use the style that makes is easier for you.The most important thing is to have fun." ]

[ "Technical drawing", "Technical drawing", "Technical drawing", "Technical drawing" ]

[ "Top Chef", "I see, when was this show first aired?", "I see, who hosts the show?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Top Chef is an American reality competition television series which premiered on March 8, 2006, on Bravo.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show features chefs competing against each other in various culinary challenges.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ They are judged by a panel of professional chefs and other notables from the food and wine industry with one or more contestants eliminated in each episode.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show is produced by Magical Elves Productions, the same company that created \"Project Runway\".", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show has spawned multiple spinoff series, including \"Top Chef Masters\", featuring established award-winning chefs; and \"\", featuring pastry chefs.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Another show, \"Top Chef Junior\", featuring contestants in their early teens, premiered in October 2017 on Universal Kids.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Numerous international adaptations of \"Top Chef\" have also been produced.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ On January 24, 2017, Bravo announced that it had renewed \"Top Chef\" for a fifteenth season.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The new season was filmed in Colorado, with challenges set in Denver, Boulder, Telluride, and Aspen, and premiered on December 7, 2017.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ \"Top Chef\" is a cooking show that uses a progressive elimination format.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The beginning of each season starts with twelve to nineteen professional chefs selected through auditions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Top Chef is an American reality competition television series which premiered on March 8, 2006, on Bravo.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show features chefs competing against each other in various culinary challenges.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ They are judged by a panel of professional chefs and other notables from the food and wine industry with one or more contestants eliminated in each episode.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show is produced by Magical Elves Productions, the same company that created \"Project Runway\".", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show has spawned multiple spinoff series, including \"Top Chef Masters\", featuring established award-winning chefs; and \"\", featuring pastry chefs.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Another show, \"Top Chef Junior\", featuring contestants in their early teens, premiered in October 2017 on Universal Kids.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Numerous international adaptations of \"Top Chef\" have also been produced.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ On January 24, 2017, Bravo announced that it had renewed \"Top Chef\" for a fifteenth season.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The new season was filmed in Colorado, with challenges set in Denver, Boulder, Telluride, and Aspen, and premiered on December 7, 2017.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ \"Top Chef\" is a cooking show that uses a progressive elimination format.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The beginning of each season starts with twelve to nineteen professional chefs selected through auditions.", "Screening of soap operas in Australia __knowledge__ The following is a list of soap operas from Australia, New Zealand, United Kingdom and the United States that have aired in Australia over the years, in daytime and primetime slots on both free-to-air and pay television.", "Screening of soap operas in Australia __knowledge__ Eleven airs Australian soap \"Neighbours\" at 6:30 pm each weeknight, while the Seven Network airs rival soap \"Home and Away\" at 7:00 pm from Mondays to Thursdays.", "Screening of soap operas in Australia __knowledge__ Network Ten airs \"The Bold and the Beautiful\", the only US daytime soap on free-to-air television, at 4:30 pm each weekday, while Foxtel's Arena screens US daytime soaps \"Days of Our Lives\" and \"The Young and the Restless\", as well as New Zealand soap \"Shortland Street\", twice each weekday.", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of the \"Theme Time Radio Hour\", hosted by Bob Dylan, ran from May 3, 2006, to April 18, 2007 on XM Satellite Radio for a total of 50 shows.", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 1) __knowledge__ With the exception of the Halloween show - Episode 26 - introduced by comedian Steven Wright, all the episodes in Season One were introduced by an uncredited Ellen Barkin who would open with the lines, \"It's night (or night time) in the Big City\" and then describe a city scene - such as a woman walking in the rain, a shopkeeper closing his doors, angry hookers arguing on a street corner - before introducing the show and \"your host, Bob Dylan.\"", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 2) __knowledge__ The second season of the \"Theme Time Radio Hour\" began on September 19, 2007, and ended April 2, 2008.", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 2) __knowledge__ In early September 2007, XM Radio announced the return of \"TTRH\", beginning September 19.", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 2) __knowledge__ The press release read in part...\"Future shows will center on such motifs as \"Young & Old\", \"California\", \"Dreams\", \"Fruit,\" \"Something\", \"Nothing\", \"Streets\", \"Parties\" and \"Mail...\" The highlighted shows were not aired during Season 2.", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 2) __knowledge__ The theme of the first episode of Season 2 was \"Hello.\"", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 2) __knowledge__ As in Season 1, Ellen Barkin opened the show, announcing the \"Hello\" episode with the lines: \"\"It’s night time in the big city.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 3) __knowledge__ The third season of the \"Theme Time Radio Hour\" premiered on Wednesday, October 8, 2008, the same week that saw the release of a new edition of the Bootleg Series, \"Tell Tale Signs\".", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 3) __knowledge__ Somewhat eerily, given that it aired during the week of a worldwide financial crisis caused by the collapse of the credit markets, the first show's theme was \"Money: Part 1\".", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 3) __knowledge__ Season Three concluded on Wednesday, April 15, 2009, with the airing of the show's 100th original episode.", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 3) __knowledge__ The theme of that show was \"Goodbye\".", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 3) __knowledge__ First aired October 8, 2008 Show track listings: First aired October 15, 2008 Show track listings: First aired October 22, 2008 Show track listings: Aired October 29, 2008 as a repeat of the Season 2 episode, which was first broadcast in February 2008.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 2 is the seventh season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ The season premiered on January 6, 2009, with eleven overweight couples competing for a cash prize of $250,000.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ Alison Sweeney is featured as the host, with trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ Helen Phillips won the competition with a total weight loss percentage of 54.47%.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ Total Votes counts only votes that are revealed at elimination.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ The total doesn't count unrevealed votes (if the contestant has already received the require number of votes needed to be eliminated).", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ Contestants are listed in chronological order of elimination.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 3 is the ninth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Michael Ventrella, the finalist with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ It first aired January 5, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ After six episodes, \"The Biggest Loser\" went on hiatus and returned after the 2010 Winter Olympics on March 2, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The live finale aired on May 25, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The season premiered on NBC on January 5, 2010 and tallied its best premiere rating ever, powering NBC to the adults 18-49 ratings win for that night.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ \"Biggest Loser: Couples\" was up 2% from its January, 2009 premiere to a 4.6 adults 18-49 rating.", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ Iron Chef America is an American cooking show based on Fuji Television's \"Iron Chef\", and is the second American adaptation of the series, following the failed \"Iron Chef USA\".", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ The show is produced by Food Network, which also carried a dubbed version of the original \"Iron Chef\".", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ Like the original Japanese program, the program is a culinary game show.", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ In each episode, a new challenger chef competes against one of the resident \"Iron Chefs\" in a one-hour cooking competition based on a secret ingredient or ingredients, and sometimes theme.", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ The show is presented as a successor to the original \"Iron Chef\", as opposed to being a remake.", "Top Chef (Romania) __knowledge__ Top Chef is a Romanian reality competition show on the cable television network Antena 1, that first aired in 2012, in which chefs compete against each other in culinary challenges.", "Top Chef (Romania) __knowledge__ They are judged by a panel of professional chefs and other notables from the food and wine industry with one or more contestants eliminated in each episode.", "Top Chef (Romania) __knowledge__ The show is hosted by .", "Top Chef (Romania) __knowledge__ The judges are , and .", "Top Chef (Romania) __knowledge__ Generally, each episode of \"Top Chef\", other than the finale has had two challenges.", "Top Chef (Romania) __knowledge__ The first is called the Quickfire challenge.", "Top Chef (Romania) __knowledge__ Each chef must cook a dish that meets certain requirements (for example, using specific ingredients or to inspire a certain taste) or participate in a culinary-related challenge (for example, a mise en place relay or a taste test).", "Lorena Garcia __knowledge__ Lorena Garcia is a Venezuelan chef who has opened multiple restaurants and became famous through appearances on multiple television shows.", "Lorena Garcia __knowledge__ She is known for the restaurants she currently owns in airports across the United States of America, and for competing on the show \"Top Chef Masters\".", "Lorena Garcia __knowledge__ Garcia has put out her own cookbook and a line of kitchenware, while also making strides in her life to help end obesity.", "Lorena Garcia __knowledge__ Born in Caracas, Venezuela, Lorena grew up around her family.", "Lorena Garcia __knowledge__ Her mother is Blanca Ibáñez, a Venezuelan politician and served as secretary to former Venezuelan president Jaime Lusinchi.", "Lorena Garcia __knowledge__ Ibáñez married Lusinchi in September 1991.", "Johnny Iuzzini __knowledge__ Johnny Iuzzini /u-zee-nee/ is an American pastry chef, television celebrity and cookbook author.", "Johnny Iuzzini __knowledge__ He resides in New York City.", "Johnny Iuzzini __knowledge__ He is a 1994 graduate of The Culinary Institute of America and served as executive pastry chef at \"New York Times\" four-star restaurant Daniel from 2001 through 2002, and at \"New York Times\" four-star and \"Michelin Guide\" three-star restaurant Jean Georges from 2002 through 2011.", "Johnny Iuzzini __knowledge__ Iuzzini is author of two cookbooks, the second published in September 2014.", "Johnny Iuzzini __knowledge__ On November 29, 2017, Iuzzini was accused of sexual harassment by four former employees.", "Johnny Iuzzini __knowledge__ As a result of the accusations against him, the third season of The Great American Baking Show was pulled after two episodes.", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ The host of the show is the flamboyant Takeshi Kaga, known on the show as .", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ He begins most episodes with his signature words, taken from Arthur Rimbaud, \"If memory serves me right...「私の記憶が確かならば…」\"(Jadis) si je me souviens bien...\" and summons the Iron Chefs to cook with a phrase \"Allez cuisine!\"", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ (\"Go cook!\").", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ The show has two regular commentators, Kenji Fukui who narrates the action on the floor, and Dr. Yukio Hattori, a food scholar and founder of the Hattori Nutrition College.", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ A floor reporter, Shinichiro Ohta, reports to Fukui on what the challengers and Iron Chefs are preparing, their strategy, and their comments, breaking Fukui's train of commentary with a polite \"Fukui-san?\".", "List of Iron Chef America episodes __knowledge__ This is the list of the episodes for the American cooking television series and competition Iron Chef America, produced by Food Network.", "List of Iron Chef America episodes __knowledge__ The series is based on the Japanese series \"Iron Chef\" and is a cooking competition in which a challenger chef \"battles\" one of the resident \"Iron Chefs\" by cooking five or more dishes in a one-hour time slot based around a secret ingredient or ingredients, and sometimes theme.", "List of Iron Chef America episodes __knowledge__ In most episodes, three judges score the meal in three categories, with 10 points available to each judge for taste, 5 points for creativity, and 5 points for presentation, for a possible total of 60 points." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Top Chef is an American reality competition television series which premiered on March 8, 2006, on Bravo.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show features chefs competing against each other in various culinary challenges.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ They are judged by a panel of professional chefs and other notables from the food and wine industry with one or more contestants eliminated in each episode.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show is produced by Magical Elves Productions, the same company that created \"Project Runway\".", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show has spawned multiple spinoff series, including \"Top Chef Masters\", featuring established award-winning chefs; and \"\", featuring pastry chefs.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Another show, \"Top Chef Junior\", featuring contestants in their early teens, premiered in October 2017 on Universal Kids.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Numerous international adaptations of \"Top Chef\" have also been produced.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ On January 24, 2017, Bravo announced that it had renewed \"Top Chef\" for a fifteenth season.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The new season was filmed in Colorado, with challenges set in Denver, Boulder, Telluride, and Aspen, and premiered on December 7, 2017.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ \"Top Chef\" is a cooking show that uses a progressive elimination format.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The beginning of each season starts with twelve to nineteen professional chefs selected through auditions.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Pardon the Interruption __knowledge__ Pardon the Interruption (abbreviated PTI) is a sports television show that airs weekdays on various ESPN TV channels, TSN, BT Sport ESPN, XM, Sirius satellite radio services and as a downloadable podcast.", "Pardon the Interruption __knowledge__ It is hosted by Tony Kornheiser and Michael Wilbon, who discuss, and frequently argue over, the top stories of the day in \"sports... and other stuff\" (as Kornheiser put it in the show's original promo).", "Pardon the Interruption __knowledge__ Similar in format to Gene Siskel and Roger Ebert's \"At the Movies\", \"PTI\" is known for its humorous and often loud tone, as well as the \"rundown\" graphic which lists the topics yet to be discussed on the right-hand side of the screen.", "At the Movies (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ At the Movies (originally Siskel & Ebert & the Movies, and later At the Movies with Ebert and Roeper) is a movie review television program produced by Disney-ABC Domestic Television in which two film critics share their opinions of newly released films.", "At the Movies (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Its original hosts were Roger Ebert and Gene Siskel, the former hosts of \"Sneak Previews\" on PBS (1975–1982) and a similarly-titled syndicated series (1982–1986).", "At the Movies (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Following Siskel's death in 1999, Ebert worked with various guest critics until choosing \"Chicago Sun-Times\" colleague Richard Roeper as his regular partner in 2000.", "At the Movies (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Ebert suspended his appearances in 2006 for treatment of thyroid cancer, with various guest hosts substituting for him.", "Nobody Likes Onions __knowledge__ Nobody Likes Onions (commonly abbreviated to NLO) is an American Internet radio show created and hosted by stand-up comedian Patrick Melton.", "Nobody Likes Onions __knowledge__ The hosts address humorous events in their lives, and they also satirize current events, pop culture, other podcasts and even the show's fans.", "Nobody Likes Onions __knowledge__ NLO's tagline is \"It's like taking a cold shower in sarcasm.\"", "Nobody Likes Onions __knowledge__ NLO broadcasts live shows online at various dates and times.", "Nobody Likes Onions __knowledge__ Episodes of the podcast, which include both recordings of live shows as well as pre-recorded podcast-specific shows, are released approximately three times a week.", "Nobody Likes Onions __knowledge__ The show used to be ranked as one of the highest rated shows on Podcast Alley.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The 2010 \"Tonight Show\" conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ Leno, the host of long-running franchise \"The Tonight Show\" since 1992, and O'Brien, host of \"Late Night\" since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for the network for much of the decade.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ When O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, when they informed him he would remain host for five more years and then transition the show to O'Brien in 2009.", "SOP (variety show) __knowledge__ SOP is a Philippine television variety show broadcast by GMA Network.", "SOP (variety show) __knowledge__ Filmed from Studio 7 at the GMA Network Studio Annex.", "SOP (variety show) __knowledge__ The show title stands for \"Sobrang Okey, Pare\".", "SOP (variety show) __knowledge__ The title was coined by a group of GMA executives (led by Wilma Galvante) in early 1997.", "SOP (variety show) __knowledge__ It replaced the \"GMA Supershow\" from its timeslot.", "SOP (variety show) __knowledge__ The show was conceived as early as 1996 to counter the increasing ratings of GMA Supershow's rival \"ASAP\".", "SOP (variety show) __knowledge__ Initially, the show’s cast was supposed to be composed of Janno Gibbs, Ogie Alcasid, Regine Velasquez and Vina Morales with the \"T.G.I.S.\"", "SOP (variety show) __knowledge__ gang (led by Angelu de Leon) as co-hosts.", "SOP (variety show) __knowledge__ However, only Janno, Ogie and Vina confirmed their participation in the show.", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ Eat Bulaga!", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ is a Philippine television variety show broadcast by GMA Network.", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ Produced by Television And Production Exponents Inc. (TAPE), it is the longest running noontime show in the Philippines.", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ It premiered on July 30, 1979, and being filmed from The New TAPE Studios (Eastside Studio) at the Broadway Centrum in New Manila, Quezon City.", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ The show is also airing worldwide through GMA Pinoy TV and live streaming online on YouTube.", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ The name approximately translates to \"Lunchtime Surprise!\".", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ The show holds the record of being the longest-running noontime variety program in the history of Philippine television.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 3 is the ninth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Michael Ventrella, the finalist with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ It first aired January 5, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ After six episodes, \"The Biggest Loser\" went on hiatus and returned after the 2010 Winter Olympics on March 2, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The live finale aired on May 25, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The season premiered on NBC on January 5, 2010 and tallied its best premiere rating ever, powering NBC to the adults 18-49 ratings win for that night.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ \"Biggest Loser: Couples\" was up 2% from its January, 2009 premiere to a 4.6 adults 18-49 rating.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 2 is the seventh season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ The season premiered on January 6, 2009, with eleven overweight couples competing for a cash prize of $250,000.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ Alison Sweeney is featured as the host, with trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ Helen Phillips won the competition with a total weight loss percentage of 54.47%.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ Total Votes counts only votes that are revealed at elimination.", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ The total doesn't count unrevealed votes (if the contestant has already received the require number of votes needed to be eliminated).", "The Biggest Loser (season 7) __knowledge__ Contestants are listed in chronological order of elimination.", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of the \"Theme Time Radio Hour\", hosted by Bob Dylan, ran from May 3, 2006, to April 18, 2007 on XM Satellite Radio for a total of 50 shows.", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 1) __knowledge__ With the exception of the Halloween show - Episode 26 - introduced by comedian Steven Wright, all the episodes in Season One were introduced by an uncredited Ellen Barkin who would open with the lines, \"It's night (or night time) in the Big City\" and then describe a city scene - such as a woman walking in the rain, a shopkeeper closing his doors, angry hookers arguing on a street corner - before introducing the show and \"your host, Bob Dylan.\"", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 4 is the eleventh season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Olivia Ward, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It premiered on January 4, 2011.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ Along with existing trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels, two new trainers (Cara Castronuova and Brett Hoebel) will be featured who were revealed in Week 3.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ One of the featured contestants is Rulon Gardner, a former gold medalist at the 2000 Summer Olympics.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It was the longest season in Biggest Loser history at 20 weeks long.", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 3) __knowledge__ The third season of the \"Theme Time Radio Hour\" premiered on Wednesday, October 8, 2008, the same week that saw the release of a new edition of the Bootleg Series, \"Tell Tale Signs\".", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 3) __knowledge__ Somewhat eerily, given that it aired during the week of a worldwide financial crisis caused by the collapse of the credit markets, the first show's theme was \"Money: Part 1\".", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 3) __knowledge__ Season Three concluded on Wednesday, April 15, 2009, with the airing of the show's 100th original episode.", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 3) __knowledge__ The theme of that show was \"Goodbye\".", "Theme Time Radio Hour (season 3) __knowledge__ First aired October 8, 2008 Show track listings: First aired October 15, 2008 Show track listings: First aired October 22, 2008 Show track listings: Aired October 29, 2008 as a repeat of the Season 2 episode, which was first broadcast in February 2008.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples is the fifth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season premiered on January 1, 2008 with ten overweight couples competing for a cash prize of $250,000.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ This season featured Alison Sweeney as the host, with trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels; all three returning from season four.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ Although the contestants came in as teams of two (couples), the grand prize was eventually awarded to an individual.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ In the end Ali Vincent won, making her the first female winner in the history of the United States \"Biggest Loser\" series.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ Total Votes counts only votes that are revealed at elimination.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ I Love Money 2 or I Love Money (season 2) is the second season of the VH1 reality television series \"I Love Money\", created by Surreal Life executive producers Cris Abrego and Mark Cronin.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ The 19 contestants for the second season were drawn from \"I Love New York\", \"Flavor of Love\", \"Rock of Love\", and \"Real Chance of Love\" to compete in physical and mental challenges, aiming for a $250,000 grand prize.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ Production began in late October 2008 & wrapped November 2008, and the show premiered on February 2, 2009 with Craig J. Jackson returning to host.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ The winner of the competition was Angela Pitts, also known as Myammee." ] ]

[ 2, 1, 3 ]

[ "Hello! I was on the Top Chef cooking show where I competed against other chefs through culinary challenges. ", "It first aired March 8th, 2006. So far there have been 15 seasons!", "Professional chefs from around the world host the show!" ]

[ "Top Chef", "Top Chef", "Top Chef" ]

[ "The New Yorker", "Yes, I have read it a few times.", "Wow, that is a long time ago." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ The New Yorker is an American magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons, and poetry.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is published by Condé Nast.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Started as a weekly in 1925, the magazine is now published 47 times annually, with five of these issues covering two-week spans.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Although its reviews and events listings often focus on the cultural life of New York City, \"The New Yorker\" has a wide audience outside New York and is read internationally.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is well known for its illustrated and often topical covers, its commentaries on popular culture and eccentric Americana, its attention to modern fiction by the inclusion of short stories and literary reviews, its rigorous fact checking and copyediting, its journalism on politics and social issues, and its single-panel cartoons sprinkled throughout each issue.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ \"The New Yorker\" debuted on February 21, 1925.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It was founded by Harold Ross and his wife, Jane Grant, a \"New York Times\" reporter.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross wanted to create a sophisticated humor magazine that would be different from perceivably \"corny\" humor publications such as \"Judge\", where he had worked, or \"Life\".", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross partnered with entrepreneur Raoul H. Fleischmann (who founded the General Baking Company) to establish the F-R Publishing Company." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ The New Yorker is an American magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons, and poetry.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is published by Condé Nast.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Started as a weekly in 1925, the magazine is now published 47 times annually, with five of these issues covering two-week spans.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Although its reviews and events listings often focus on the cultural life of New York City, \"The New Yorker\" has a wide audience outside New York and is read internationally.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is well known for its illustrated and often topical covers, its commentaries on popular culture and eccentric Americana, its attention to modern fiction by the inclusion of short stories and literary reviews, its rigorous fact checking and copyediting, its journalism on politics and social issues, and its single-panel cartoons sprinkled throughout each issue.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ \"The New Yorker\" debuted on February 21, 1925.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It was founded by Harold Ross and his wife, Jane Grant, a \"New York Times\" reporter.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross wanted to create a sophisticated humor magazine that would be different from perceivably \"corny\" humor publications such as \"Judge\", where he had worked, or \"Life\".", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross partnered with entrepreneur Raoul H. Fleischmann (who founded the General Baking Company) to establish the F-R Publishing Company.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men are a culture jamming activist duo and network of supporters created by Jacques Servin and Igor Vamos.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ Through actions of tactical media, the Yes Men primarily aim to raise awareness about problematic social and political issues.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ To date, the duo have produced three films: \"The Yes Men\" (2003), \"The Yes Men Fix the World\" (2009) and \"The Yes Men Are Revolting\" (2014).", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ In these films, they impersonate entities that they dislike, a practice that they call \"identity correction\".", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men operate under the mission statement that lies can expose truth.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ They create and maintain fake websites similar to ones they intend to spoof, which have led to numerous interview, conference, and TV talk show invitations.", "Union (Yes album) __knowledge__ Union is the thirteenth studio album by the English rock band Yes, released on 30 April 1991 by Arista Records.", "Union (Yes album) __knowledge__ Production began in 1990 following the amalgamation of two bands featuring current and previous members of Yes at the time: Yes, consisting of Chris Squire, Trevor Rabin, Tony Kaye, and Alan White; and Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe (ABWH), consisting of Jon Anderson, Steve Howe, Rick Wakeman, and Bill Bruford.", "Union (Yes album) __knowledge__ The album is a collection of tracks written and performed by each group separately.", "Union (Yes album) __knowledge__ Recording was met with differences from the beginning, including the merger of the two groups, internal relations, and the decision by producer Jonathan Elias to have session musicians play parts already put down by Wakeman and Howe.", "Chrysler New Yorker __knowledge__ The Chrysler New Yorker is an automobile model which was produced by Chrysler from 1940 to 1996, serving for several years as the brand's flagship model.", "Chrysler New Yorker __knowledge__ A trim level named the \"New York Special\" first appeared in 1938 and the \"New Yorker\" name debuted in 1939.", "Chrysler New Yorker __knowledge__ Until its discontinuation in 1996, the New Yorker had made its mark as the longest-running American car nameplate.", "Chrysler New Yorker __knowledge__ The New Yorker name helped define the Chrysler brand as a maker of upscale models, priced and equipped above mainstream brands like Ford, Chevrolet/Pontiac, and Dodge/Plymouth, but below full luxury brands like Cadillac, Lincoln and Packard.", "Bob Mankoff __knowledge__ Robert \"Bob\" Mankoff (born May 1, 1944) is an American cartoonist, editor, and author.", "Bob Mankoff __knowledge__ He was the cartoon editor for \"The New Yorker\" magazine from 1997 to April 29, 2017.", "Bob Mankoff __knowledge__ Before he succeeded Lee Lorenz as cartoon editor, Mankoff was a cartoonist for \"The New Yorker\" for twenty years.", "Bob Mankoff __knowledge__ Mankoff grew up in Queens, New York, and attended Music and Art High School (graduating in 1962) and Syracuse University (graduating in 1966).", "Bob Mankoff __knowledge__ Mankoff submitted more than 500 cartoons to \"The New Yorker\" for over two years before he had his first one published in 1977.", "Bob Mankoff __knowledge__ One of his cartoons (captioned \"No, Thursday's out.", "Art Spiegelman __knowledge__ Art Spiegelman (; born Itzhak Avraham ben Zeev on February 15, 1948) is an American cartoonist, editor, and comics advocate best known for his graphic novel \"Maus\".", "Art Spiegelman __knowledge__ His work as co-editor on the comics magazines \"Arcade\" and \"Raw\" has been influential, and from 1992 he spent a decade as contributing artist for \"The New Yorker\", where he made several high-profile and sometimes controversial covers.", "Art Spiegelman __knowledge__ He is married to designer and editor Françoise Mouly and is the father of writer Nadja Spiegelman.", "Art Spiegelman __knowledge__ Spiegelman began his career with the Topps bubblegum card company in the mid-1960s, which was his main financial support for two decades; there he co-created parodic series such as \"Wacky Packages\" in the 1960s and the \"Garbage Pail Kids\" in the 1980s.", "Daniel Brustlein __knowledge__ Daniel Brustlein (1904–1996) was an Alsatian-born American artist, cartoonist, illustrator, and author of children's books.", "Daniel Brustlein __knowledge__ He is best known for the cartoons and cover art he contributed to \"The New Yorker\" magazine under the pen name \"Alain\" from the 1930s through the 1950s.", "Daniel Brustlein __knowledge__ The novelist John Updike once said his childhood discovery of Brustlein's cartoons helped to stimulate his desire to write for the magazine and one of Brustlein's cartoons has been repeatedly cited for its skillful and witty self-reference.", "Daniel Brustlein __knowledge__ Although they have not received the same public acclaim as his humorous drawings, his paintings drew strong praise from influential critics such as Hilton Kramer, who said Brustlein's work had great refinement showing \"beautiful control over the precise emotion he wants it to convey\" and \"complete command of color and form handled with a remarkable delicacy and discretion.\"", "New Journalism __knowledge__ New Journalism is a style of news writing and journalism, developed in the 1960s and 1970s, which uses literary techniques deemed unconventional at the time.", "New Journalism __knowledge__ It is characterized by a subjective perspective, a literary style reminiscent of long-form non-fiction and emphasizing \"truth\" over \"facts,\" and intensive reportage in which reporters immersed themselves in the stories as they reported and wrote them.", "New Journalism __knowledge__ This was in contrast to traditional journalism where the journalist was typically \"invisible\" and facts are reported as objectively as possible.", "New Journalism __knowledge__ The phenomenon of New Journalism is generally considered to have ended by the early 1980s.", "Tina Brown __knowledge__ Tina Brown CBE (born Christina Hambley Brown; 21 November 1953), is a journalist, magazine editor, columnist, talk-show host and author of \"The Diana Chronicles\", a biography of Diana, Princess of Wales.", "Tina Brown __knowledge__ Born a British citizen, she now holds joint citizenship after she took United States citizenship in 2005, following her emigration to the United States in 1984 to edit \"Vanity Fair\".", "Tina Brown __knowledge__ By marriage, she is legally titled Lady Evans.", "Tina Brown __knowledge__ Having been editor-in-chief of \"Tatler\" magazine at the age of 25, she rose to prominence in the American media industry as the editor of \"Vanity Fair\" from 1984 to 1992 and of \"The New Yorker\" from 1992 to 1998." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ The New Yorker is an American magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons, and poetry.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is published by Condé Nast.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Started as a weekly in 1925, the magazine is now published 47 times annually, with five of these issues covering two-week spans.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Although its reviews and events listings often focus on the cultural life of New York City, \"The New Yorker\" has a wide audience outside New York and is read internationally.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is well known for its illustrated and often topical covers, its commentaries on popular culture and eccentric Americana, its attention to modern fiction by the inclusion of short stories and literary reviews, its rigorous fact checking and copyediting, its journalism on politics and social issues, and its single-panel cartoons sprinkled throughout each issue.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ \"The New Yorker\" debuted on February 21, 1925.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It was founded by Harold Ross and his wife, Jane Grant, a \"New York Times\" reporter.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross wanted to create a sophisticated humor magazine that would be different from perceivably \"corny\" humor publications such as \"Judge\", where he had worked, or \"Life\".", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross partnered with entrepreneur Raoul H. Fleischmann (who founded the General Baking Company) to establish the F-R Publishing Company.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Long Long Time Ago 2 (; literally \"Our Story 2\") is a 2016 Singaporean period film directed by Jack Neo, the second of a two-part series and the sequel to \"Long Long Time Ago\".", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Continuing from \"Long Long Time Ago\", Zhao Di takes over her family farm with the help of Ah Long after the 1969 floods.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ After the government started reclaiming land for development in 1977, licensed owners like Zhao Di are compensated but her brother accuses her of having an affair with Ah Long to get the money for himself.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Osman does not approve his son playing in a rock band as he fears the negative influence, causing his son to run away from home.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ Long Long Time Ago (; literally \"Our Story\") is a 2016 Singaporean period film directed by Jack Neo, the first of a two-part series.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ The film commemorates Singapore's 50th birthday and stars Aileen Tan, Mark Lee and Wang Lei as the main casts.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ The story spans from 1965 to the early 1970s.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ Heavily pregnant Zhao Di, the unwanted second wife of an older man, was chased out by her husband's family and forced to return to her own family.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ She eventually gave birth to twins, Shun Fatt and Su-Fang.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ As Su-Fang had two moles on her face, which was said to be bad luck, Zhao Di decided to give her up due to the pressure of wanting to build a better life for the rest of her family.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ This article is about placeholder names in various languages.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ In Afrikaans, \"dinges\" ('thing'), \"goeters\" ('things'), \"watsenaam\" ('what's its name') are common placeholders.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A common placeholder name for a semi-mythological place - much the same as Timbuktu - is \"Pofadder\" (a real town).", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A general term for a far away, remote/rural environment is \"Boendoe\".", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ \"Van die jaar toet\" (from the year \"tut\") is often used to indicate an unspecified, long time ago.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ Arabic uses \"Fulan\", \"Fulana[h]\" (فلان / فلانة) and when a last name is needed it becomes \"Fulan AlFulani\", \"Fulana[h] AlFulaniyya[h]\" (فلان الفلاني / فلانة الفلانية).", "Novy Vzglyad __knowledge__ Novy Vzglyad (Russian: \"Новый Взгляд\", literally \"New Look\" or \"New View\") is a weekly newspaper published in Moscow, Russia.", "Novy Vzglyad __knowledge__ It used to be well known for its commentaries on politics and social issues in the 1990s.", "Novy Vzglyad __knowledge__ It was founded in early 1992 by VID (originally created as a voice for the TV show with the same name).", "Novy Vzglyad __knowledge__ Kirsan Ilyumzhinov bought the newspaper and merged it with another journal.", "Novy Vzglyad __knowledge__ It is owned by him and former TV host (of \"Vzglyad\" show) Yevgeny Dodolev.", "Novy Vzglyad __knowledge__ Once a weekly, the \"Novy Vzglyad\" is now published 45 times per year, seven issues covering two-week spans.", "Novy Vzglyad __knowledge__ Like most weekly newspapers, circulation at \"Novy Vzglyad\" has been declining for many years.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ Bloomberg Businessweek is an American weekly business magazine published by Bloomberg L.P. \"Businessweek\" was founded in 1929.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ The magazine was created to provide information and interpretation about what was happening in the business world.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ It is headquartered in New York City.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ Megan Murphy was appointed editor of the magazine in November 2016.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ She stepped down from the role in January 2017.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ Joel Weber was appointed in her place.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ The magazine is published 47 times a year.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ \"Businessweek\" was first published in September 1929, weeks before the stock market crash of 1929.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ The magazine provided information and opinions on what was happening in the business world at the time.", "Playoffs __knowledge__ The playoffs, play-offs, postseason and/or finals of a sports league are a competition played after the regular season by the top competitors to determine the league champion or a similar accolade.", "Playoffs __knowledge__ Depending on the league, the playoffs may be either a single game, a series of games, or a tournament, and may use a single-elimination system or one of several other different playoff formats.", "Playoffs __knowledge__ Playoff, in regard to international fixtures, is to qualify or progress to the next round of a competition or tournament.", "Playoffs __knowledge__ In team sports in the U.S. and Canada, the vast distances and consequent burdens on cross-country travel have led to regional divisions of teams.", "U.S.–China Strategic and Economic Dialogue __knowledge__ The U.S.–China Strategic and Economic Dialogue (S&ED) () is a high-level dialogue for the United States and China to discuss a wide range of regional and global strategic and economic issues between both countries.", "U.S.–China Strategic and Economic Dialogue __knowledge__ The establishment of the S&ED was announced on April 1, 2009 by U.S. President Barack Obama and Chinese President Hu Jintao.", "U.S.–China Strategic and Economic Dialogue __knowledge__ The upgraded mechanism replaced the former Senior Dialogue and Strategic Economic Dialogue started under the George W. Bush administration.", "U.S.–China Strategic and Economic Dialogue __knowledge__ The format is such that high-level representatives of both countries and their delegations will meet annually at capitals alternating between the two countries.", "Huntsville, Alabama __knowledge__ Huntsville is a city located primarily in Madison County in the Appalachian region of northern Alabama.", "Huntsville, Alabama __knowledge__ Huntsville is the county seat of Madison County.", "Huntsville, Alabama __knowledge__ The city extends west into neighboring Limestone County.", "Huntsville, Alabama __knowledge__ Huntsville's population was 180,105 as of the 2010 census.", "Huntsville, Alabama __knowledge__ Huntsville is the third-largest city in Alabama and the largest city in the five-county Huntsville-Decatur-Albertville, AL Combined Statistical Area, which at the 2013 census estimate had a total population of 683,871.", "Huntsville, Alabama __knowledge__ The Huntsville Metropolitan Area's population was 417,593 in 2010 to become the 2nd largest in Alabama.", "Huntsville, Alabama __knowledge__ Huntsville metro's population reached 441,000 by 2014.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 4 ]

[ "The new yorker is an american magazine of reporting, commentary, critcis, essats, fiction, satire, cartoons and more! Have you everheard of them?", "It started in 1925 and is now published 47 times annually with five of the issues covering two week spans! They'vebeen busy :)", "Agreed. Its reviews and event listings mostly focus on cultural life in New York City whicch shouldnt be a surprise, but it has a wide auience outside of new york and is also actually read internationally!" ]

[ "The New Yorker", "The New Yorker", "The New Yorker" ]

[ "Baseball", "I've never been a big fan of baseball, it takes a long time for a game to develop. I do enjoy going to the park with friends and drinking beer during the game, though.", "Yep, and they can go into extra innings for HOURS", "I lived in Texas when I was a kid, and Nolan Ryan was the best pitcher in the league at the time. He threw a mean fastball. Any idea how fast he could throw?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica is the daughter of Janice and Bobby Baccalieri.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She was born sometime in 2005, after her parents got married.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Getting her registered for a pre-school was the reason why Janice and Bobby were not able to take care of Junior the night he shot Tony.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica rode the amusement ride with her mother at the Feast of St. Elzéar when it broke.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She longed for another ride and Tony later spun her around at the feast, to her joy.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ That year, Janice took Domenica to Satriale's Pork Store to demand that Tony make Bobby a capo.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ In 2007, Domenica played at the house near the lake when Tony, Carmela, Bobby, and Janice celebrated Tony's birthday.", "Babe Ruth __knowledge__ George Herman \"Babe\" Ruth Jr. (February 6, 1895 – August 16, 1948) was an American professional baseball player whose career in Major League Baseball (MLB) spanned 22 seasons, from 1914 through 1935.", "Babe Ruth __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Bambino\" and \"The Sultan of Swat\", he began his MLB career as a stellar left-handed pitcher for the Boston Red Sox, but achieved his greatest fame as a slugging outfielder for the New York Yankees.", "Babe Ruth __knowledge__ Ruth established many MLB batting (and some pitching) records, including career home runs (714), runs batted in (RBIs) (2,213), bases on balls (2,062), slugging percentage (.690), and on-base plus slugging (OPS) (1.164); the latter two still stand today.", "Proverb __knowledge__ A proverb (from ) is a simple and concrete saying, popularly known and repeated, that expresses a truth based on common sense or experience.", "Proverb __knowledge__ They are often metaphorical.", "Proverb __knowledge__ Proverbs fall into the category of formulaic language.", "Proverb __knowledge__ Proverbs are often borrowed from similar languages and cultures, and sometimes come down to the present through more than one language.", "Proverb __knowledge__ Both the Bible (including, but not limited to the Book of Proverbs) and medieval Latin (aided by the work of Erasmus) have played a considerable role in distributing proverbs across Europe.", "Proverb __knowledge__ Mieder has concluded that cultures that treat the Bible as their \"major spiritual book contain between three hundred and five hundred proverbs that stem from the Bible\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "European Union Science Olympiad __knowledge__ The European Union Science Olympiad (EUSO) is a team-based science competition for the European Union's (EU) students to display their capabilities in natural sciences.", "European Union Science Olympiad __knowledge__ The annual EUSO was founded in 2003 by Dr. Michael A. Cotter, Dublin Ireland includes only EU member countries.", "European Union Science Olympiad __knowledge__ The competition is open to second-level-school, or secondary school, science students who are 16 years of age or younger prior to the competition.", "European Union Science Olympiad __knowledge__ Each participating country sends two three-student teams who compete in two intellectually challenging and collaborative tasks.", "European Union Science Olympiad __knowledge__ The tasks are designed to connect the branches of science, provide relevant and inquiry-based challenges, engage all team members, support self-pacing, prompt higher-order and creative thinking, and encourage substantive communication.", "American football __knowledge__ American football, referred to as football in the United States and Canada, and also known as gridiron football or simply gridiron, is a team sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end.", "American football __knowledge__ The offense, which is the team controlling the oval-shaped football, attempts to advance down the field by running with or passing the ball, while the defense, which is the team without control of the ball, aims to stop the offense's advance and aims to take control of the ball for themselves.", "American football __knowledge__ The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs, or plays, and otherwise they turn over the football to the defense; if the offense succeeds in advancing ten yards or more, they are given a new set of four downs.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ The 2017 St. Louis Cardinals season was the 136th for the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball (MLB), a franchise in St. Louis, Missouri.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ It was the 126th season for the Cardinals in the National League (NL), and their 12th at Busch Stadium III.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ For the first time since the 2007-2008 seasons, the Cardinals missed the playoffs in consecutive years, with a September 28 loss, in 2016-2017.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ Major League Baseball and the Players' Association reached a new, tentative CBA contract to reduce the 15-day disabled list timetable to 10-days.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ This change will allow teams to make quicker decisions on whether to bring up a roster replacement rather than wait to see if the injured player would be ready to return to action in less than two weeks.", "Skittles (sport) __knowledge__ Skittles is an old European lawn game, a variety of bowling from which ten-pin bowling, duckpin bowling, candlepin bowling (in the United States), and five-pin bowling (in Canada) are descended.", "Skittles (sport) __knowledge__ In regions of the United Kingdom and Ireland the game remains a popular indoor place game.", "Skittles (sport) __knowledge__ A continental version is popular in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.", "Skittles (sport) __knowledge__ Other varieties of bowling are more popular in Australia, but the similar game of kegel, based on German nine-pin bowling, is popular in some areas.", "Skittles (sport) __knowledge__ In Catalonia, \"bitlles\", a local version of this game was formerly popular.", "Skittles (sport) __knowledge__ The game shares its ancestry with the outdoor lawn game known as bowls and is thus distantly related to billiard sports, some of which also retain the use of skittles.", "College football __knowledge__ College football is American football played by teams of student athletes fielded by American universities, colleges, and military academies, or Canadian football played by teams of student athletes fielded by Canadian universities.", "College football __knowledge__ It was through college football play that American football rules first gained popularity in the United States.", "College football __knowledge__ Unlike most other sports in North America, no minor league farm organizations exist in American or Canadian football.", "College football __knowledge__ Therefore, college football is generally considered to be the second tier of American football in the United States and Canadian football in Canada; one step ahead of high school competition, and one step below professional competition.", "History of baseball outside the United States __knowledge__ While much has been written about baseball in the United States, it was often played in numerous other countries.", "History of baseball outside the United States __knowledge__ Today, baseball is a popular sport around the world.", "History of baseball outside the United States __knowledge__ The International Baseball Federation (IBF) was founded in 1938, after the inaugural Baseball World Cup held in London.", "History of baseball outside the United States __knowledge__ About 5 years later, the name of the federation was changed to \"Federacion Internacional de Beisbol Amateur\" (FIBA).", "History of baseball outside the United States __knowledge__ In 1973, struggles in the FIBA led to a dissident organisation, the \"Federacion Mundial de Beisbol Amateur\" (FEMBA), which organised its own World Championships.", "History of baseball outside the United States __knowledge__ The two organisations were reconciled in 1976, forming the \"International Baseball Association\" (AINBA).", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Baseball and cricket are the best-known members of a family of related bat-and-ball games.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Despite their similarities, the two sports also have many differences in play and in strategy.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ A comparison between baseball and cricket can be instructive to followers of either sport, since the similarities help to highlight nuances particular to each game.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Bat-and-ball games, in general, are sports in which one team (the fielding team) has possession of the ball and delivers it to a member of the other team (the batting team), who tries to hit it.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ The two opposing teams take turns playing these two distinct roles, which are continuous during a specified interval." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "Extra innings __knowledge__ Extra innings is the extension of a baseball or softball game in order to break a tie.", "Extra innings __knowledge__ Ordinarily, a baseball game consists of nine innings (in softball and high school baseball games there are typically seven innings; in Little League, six), each of which is divided into halves: the visiting team bats first, after which the home team takes its turn at bat.", "Extra innings __knowledge__ However, if the score remains tied at the end of the regulation number of complete innings, the rules provide that \"play shall continue until (1) the visiting team has scored more total runs than the home team at the end of a completed inning; or (2) the home team scores the winning run in an uncompleted inning.\"", "List of current Major League Baseball broadcasters __knowledge__ The following is a list of current (entering the 2018 season) Major League Baseball broadcasters for each individual team.", "List of current Major League Baseball broadcasters __knowledge__ Some franchises have a regular color commentator while others (such as the Milwaukee Brewers) use two play-by-play men, with the primary often doing more innings than the second man.", "List of current Major League Baseball broadcasters __knowledge__ Secondary Play by Play people are noted by bold and the number of innings of play-by-play are listed after.", "List of current Major League Baseball broadcasters __knowledge__ In pay television, 15 teams broadcast on Fox Sports Networks affiliates (including the New York Yankees on YES Network), five on NBC Sports Regional Networks affiliates and four on AT&T SportsNet affiliates.", "MLB Extra Innings __knowledge__ MLB Extra Innings is an Out-of-Market Sports Package distributed in North America by satellite provider DirecTV since 2010 and by most cable providers since 2001.", "MLB Extra Innings __knowledge__ The package allows its subscribers to see up to 80 out-of-market Major League Baseball games a week using local over the air stations and regional sports networks.", "MLB Extra Innings __knowledge__ As of the 2008 season, the feeds from both teams' broadcasts are available for each game on DirecTV, even if a team is showing the game locally on a broadcast station.", "MLB Extra Innings __knowledge__ Even though the package relies on satellite uplink paths, DirecTV also carries feeds from local broadcast and even cable-only networks as well, such as CSN Philadelphia for the Philadelphia Phillies.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The 2016 Boston Red Sox season was the 116th season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The Red Sox finished first in the American League East with a record of 93 wins and 69 losses.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ In the postseason, the team was swept by the American League Central champion Cleveland Indians in the ALDS.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The opening day game, scheduled for April 4, was postponed to April 5, due to cold weather.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The game was called two hours prior to game time.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ On April 5, in his Red Sox debut, David Price struck out ten Indians batters and earned the win.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ He became the fifth Red Sox pitcher to win an opening day game in his debut for the ball club and the first since Pedro Martínez did it in 1998.", "2017 Los Angeles Dodgers season __knowledge__ The 2017 Los Angeles Dodgers season was the 128th for the franchise in Major League Baseball, and their 60th season in Los Angeles, California.", "2017 Los Angeles Dodgers season __knowledge__ They finished the season with the most wins in Los Angeles team history with a major league best 104 wins (2nd best in overall team history, tied with the 1942 team and behind only the 1953 Brooklyn Dodgers).", "2017 Los Angeles Dodgers season __knowledge__ They won their fifth straight National League West championship and swept the Arizona Diamondbacks in three games in the Division Series.", "2017 Los Angeles Dodgers season __knowledge__ They advanced to the National League Championship Series for the second year in a row and the third time in five seasons, where they faced the Chicago Cubs for the second year in a row.", "2010 Philadelphia Phillies season __knowledge__ The Philadelphia Phillies' 2010 season was the 128th season in the history of the franchise.", "2010 Philadelphia Phillies season __knowledge__ As the two-time defending National League champion—having appeared in the 2008 and 2009 World Series—the Phillies won their fourth consecutive National League East championship, and also finished with the best record in baseball.", "2010 Philadelphia Phillies season __knowledge__ After sweeping the Cincinnati Reds in the NLDS, however, the team lost to the San Francisco Giants in the NLCS.", "2010 Philadelphia Phillies season __knowledge__ The Phillies announced, following the 2009 World Series, that they would pick up their 1-year, $9 million option on starting pitcher Cliff Lee, who posted a 4–0 record in the previous postseason.", "2014 Philadelphia Phillies season __knowledge__ The Philadelphia Phillies' 2014 season was the 132nd in the history of the franchise.", "2014 Philadelphia Phillies season __knowledge__ After a disappointing 2013, the Phillies entered the offseason with a strategy to reload rather than rebuild; they did not want to relinquish the opportunity to do well in 2014 in hopes of being competitive down the road.", "2014 Philadelphia Phillies season __knowledge__ Commensurate with this strategy, among their key acquisitions were right fielder Marlon Byrd and starting pitcher A. J. Burnett.", "2014 Philadelphia Phillies season __knowledge__ The Phillies began the season with new coaches (as Ryne Sandberg entered his first season as manager after taking over on an interim basis in August 2013) and new broadcasters; Jamie Moyer and Matt Stairs, two members of the 2008 World Series squad, replaced Chris Wheeler and Gary Matthews as analysts on Comcast SportsNet Philadelphia.", "Mariano Rivera __knowledge__ Mariano Rivera (born November 29, 1969) is a Panamanian-American former professional baseball pitcher who played 19 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Yankees, from 1995 to 2013.", "Mariano Rivera __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Mo\" and \"Sandman\", Rivera spent most of his career as a relief pitcher and served as the Yankees' closer for 17 seasons.", "Mariano Rivera __knowledge__ A thirteen-time All-Star and five-time World Series champion, he is MLB's career leader in saves (652) and games finished (952).", "Mariano Rivera __knowledge__ Rivera won five American League (AL) Rolaids Relief Man Awards and three Delivery Man of the Year Awards, and he finished in the top three in voting for the AL Cy Young Award four times.", "Greg Maddux __knowledge__ Gregory Alan Maddux (born April 14, 1966), nicknamed \"Mad Dog\" and \"The Professor\", is an American former Major League Baseball (MLB) pitcher.", "Greg Maddux __knowledge__ Maddux is best known for his accomplishments while playing for the Atlanta Braves and the Chicago Cubs.", "Greg Maddux __knowledge__ With the Braves, he won the 1995 World Series over the Cleveland Indians.", "Greg Maddux __knowledge__ The first to achieve a number of feats and records, he was the first pitcher in major league history to win the Cy Young Award for four consecutive years (1992–1995), matched by only one other pitcher, Randy Johnson.", "Greg Maddux __knowledge__ During those four seasons, Maddux had a 75–29 record with a 1.98 earned run average (ERA), while allowing less than one baserunner per inning.", "Pedro Martínez __knowledge__ Pedro Jaime Martínez (born October 25, 1971) is a Dominican–American former starting pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for five teams from 1992 to 2009, most notably the Boston Red Sox from 1998 to 2004.", "Pedro Martínez __knowledge__ From 2002 to 2006 he held the major league record for the highest career winning percentage by a pitcher with at least 200 decisions; with a final record of 219 wins and 100 losses, he retired with the fourth-highest percentage in history, and the highest by a right-hander since the modern pitching era began in 1893.", "Pedro Martínez __knowledge__ He ended his career with an earned run average (ERA) of 2.93, the sixth-lowest by a pitcher with at least 2,500 innings pitched since 1920.", "Chris Carpenter __knowledge__ Christopher John Carpenter (born April 27, 1975) is an American retired professional baseball starting pitcher.", "Chris Carpenter __knowledge__ He played 15 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Toronto Blue Jays and St. Louis Cardinals from 1997 to 2012.", "Chris Carpenter __knowledge__ A Cy Young Award winner and two-time World Series champion, he was also a three-time All-Star selection.", "Chris Carpenter __knowledge__ In addition, he was twice named the \"Sporting News\" National League Pitcher of the Year, and voted for a number of Comeback Player of the Year awards for surmounting injury.", "Chris Carpenter __knowledge__ The Blue Jays selected Carpenter in the first round of the 1993 amateur draft from Trinity High School in New Hampshire, and he made his MLB debut in 1997.", "Michael Schwimer __knowledge__ Michael Fredarick Schwimer (born February 19, 1986) is an American former professional baseball relief pitcher.", "Michael Schwimer __knowledge__ The 6' 8\" pitcher was drafted by the Philadelphia Phillies in 2008, out of the University of Virginia.", "Michael Schwimer __knowledge__ In his minor league career, he averaged 12.1 strikeouts per 9 innings, as he was 20–10 with a 2.51 ERA, and gave up 184 hits while striking out 313 batters in 233 innings.", "Michael Schwimer __knowledge__ In August 2011, he made his debut in the major leagues.", "Michael Schwimer __knowledge__ On February 23, 2013, he was traded to the Toronto Blue Jays.", "Michael Schwimer __knowledge__ He was released by the team on August 7, 2013.", "Michael Schwimer __knowledge__ He was born in Fairfax, Virginia, to Dan and Cindy Schwimer.", "Barry Zito __knowledge__ Barry William Zito (born May 13, 1978) is an American former professional baseball pitcher and musician.", "Barry Zito __knowledge__ He played 15 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Oakland Athletics and San Francisco Giants.", "Barry Zito __knowledge__ His pitching repertoire consisted of a curveball (his strikeout pitch), a four-seam fastball, a two-seam fastball, a circle changeup, and a cutter–slider.", "Barry Zito __knowledge__ Zito attended the University of California, Santa Barbara, Los Angeles Pierce College, and the University of Southern California.", "Barry Zito __knowledge__ Drafted three times while in college, Zito signed with the Athletics when they chose him in the first round of the 1999 MLB draft." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "Nolan Ryan __knowledge__ Lynn Nolan Ryan Jr. (born January 31, 1947), nicknamed The Ryan Express, is a former Major League Baseball (MLB) pitcher and a previous chief executive officer (CEO) of the Texas Rangers.", "Nolan Ryan __knowledge__ He is currently an executive adviser to the owner of the Houston Astros.", "Nolan Ryan __knowledge__ During a major league record 27-year baseball career (1966, 19681993), he pitched for four different teams: the New York Mets, California Angels, Houston Astros, and Texas Rangers.", "Nolan Ryan __knowledge__ He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1999.", "Nolan Ryan __knowledge__ Ryan, a hard-throwing, right-handed pitcher, threw pitches that were regularly recorded above 100 miles per hour (161 km/h).", "History of the Houston Astros __knowledge__ The Houston Astros are an American professional baseball team based in Houston,Texas that competes in Major League Baseball (MLB).", "History of the Houston Astros __knowledge__ The Astros are a member of the MLB's American League, having moved from the National League in 2013.", "History of the Houston Astros __knowledge__ The Astros are one of two MLB teams based out of Texas, the other being the Texas Rangers.", "History of the Houston Astros __knowledge__ The team began with the name Colt .45s in 1962 and changed their name to the Houston Astros in 1965 when they began playing in the Astrodome.", "History of the Houston Astros __knowledge__ The team has played in three ballparks in Houston, Colt .45 Stadium (1962-1964), the Astrodome (1965-1999), and, currently, Minute Maid Park, a stadium with a retractable roof.", "Houston Astros __knowledge__ The Houston Astros are an American professional baseball team based in Houston, Texas.", "Houston Astros __knowledge__ The Astros compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) West division, having moved to the division in 2013 after spending their first 51 seasons in the National League (NL).", "Houston Astros __knowledge__ The Astros have played their home games at Minute Maid Park since 2000.", "Houston Astros __knowledge__ The Astros were established as the Houston Colt .45s and entered the National League as an expansion team in along with the New York Mets.", "Houston Astros __knowledge__ The current name—reflecting Houston's role as the control center of the U.S. space program—was adopted three years later, when they moved into the Astrodome, the world's first domed sports stadium.", "Bob Feller __knowledge__ Robert William Andrew Feller (November 3, 1918December 15, 2010), nicknamed \"The Heater from Van Meter\", \"Bullet Bob\", and \"Rapid Robert\", was an American baseball pitcher who played 18 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Cleveland Indians.", "Bob Feller __knowledge__ Feller pitched from 1936 to 1941 and from 1945 to 1956, interrupted only by a four-year sojourn in the Navy.", "Bob Feller __knowledge__ In a career spanning 570 games, Feller pitched 3,827 innings and posted a win–loss record of 266–162, with 279 complete games, 44 shutouts, and a 3.25 earned run average (ERA).", "Bob Feller __knowledge__ A prodigy who bypassed the minor leagues, Feller first played for the Indians at the age of 17.", "Scott Feldman __knowledge__ Scott Wynne Feldman (born February 7, 1983) is an American professional baseball pitcher who is a free agent.", "Scott Feldman __knowledge__ He has played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Texas Rangers, Chicago Cubs, Baltimore Orioles, Houston Astros, Toronto Blue Jays and Cincinnati Reds.", "Scott Feldman __knowledge__ After going 25–2 in his first two years of college baseball, he was drafted in the 30th round by the Texas Rangers in 2003.", "Scott Feldman __knowledge__ Feldman had Tommy John surgery later that year.", "Scott Feldman __knowledge__ He followed it up with a minor league career in which he had a 2.70 ERA, and held batters to only 6.6 hits per 9 innings, pitching almost exclusively in relief.", "Scott Feldman __knowledge__ After pitching out of the bullpen while bouncing back and forth between Texas and its Triple-A affiliate in 2005–07, Feldman converted to a starter in 2008.", "Randy Johnson __knowledge__ Randall David Johnson (born September 10, 1963), nicknamed \"The Big Unit\", is an American former baseball pitcher who played 22 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1988 to 2009 for six teams.", "Randy Johnson __knowledge__ He played primarily for the Seattle Mariners and the Arizona Diamondbacks.", "Randy Johnson __knowledge__ His 303 career victories rank as the fifth-most by a left-hander in MLB history, while his 4,875 strikeouts place him second all-time behind Nolan Ryan and are the most by a left-hander.", "Randy Johnson __knowledge__ He holds five of the seven highest single-season strikeout totals by a left-hander in modern history.", "Randy Johnson __knowledge__ Johnson won the Cy Young Award five times, second only to Roger Clemens' seven, and he is one of two pitchers (the other being Greg Maddux) to win the award four consecutive times (1999–2002).", "Billy Pierce __knowledge__ Walter William Pierce (April 2, 1927 – July 31, 2015) was an American starting pitcher in Major League Baseball between 1945 and 1964 who played most of his career for the Chicago White Sox.", "Billy Pierce __knowledge__ He was the team's star pitcher in the decade from 1952 to 1961, when they posted the third best record in the major leagues, and received the Sporting News Pitcher of the Year Award for the American League (AL) in and after being runner-up in both 1953 and 1955.", "Billy Pierce __knowledge__ A seven-time All-Star, he led the American League (AL) in complete games three times despite his slight build, and in wins, earned run average (ERA) and strikeouts once each.", "Extra innings __knowledge__ Extra innings is the extension of a baseball or softball game in order to break a tie.", "Extra innings __knowledge__ Ordinarily, a baseball game consists of nine innings (in softball and high school baseball games there are typically seven innings; in Little League, six), each of which is divided into halves: the visiting team bats first, after which the home team takes its turn at bat.", "Extra innings __knowledge__ However, if the score remains tied at the end of the regulation number of complete innings, the rules provide that \"play shall continue until (1) the visiting team has scored more total runs than the home team at the end of a completed inning; or (2) the home team scores the winning run in an uncompleted inning.\"", "List of current Major League Baseball broadcasters __knowledge__ The following is a list of current (entering the 2018 season) Major League Baseball broadcasters for each individual team.", "List of current Major League Baseball broadcasters __knowledge__ Some franchises have a regular color commentator while others (such as the Milwaukee Brewers) use two play-by-play men, with the primary often doing more innings than the second man.", "List of current Major League Baseball broadcasters __knowledge__ Secondary Play by Play people are noted by bold and the number of innings of play-by-play are listed after.", "List of current Major League Baseball broadcasters __knowledge__ In pay television, 15 teams broadcast on Fox Sports Networks affiliates (including the New York Yankees on YES Network), five on NBC Sports Regional Networks affiliates and four on AT&T SportsNet affiliates.", "MLB Extra Innings __knowledge__ MLB Extra Innings is an Out-of-Market Sports Package distributed in North America by satellite provider DirecTV since 2010 and by most cable providers since 2001.", "MLB Extra Innings __knowledge__ The package allows its subscribers to see up to 80 out-of-market Major League Baseball games a week using local over the air stations and regional sports networks.", "MLB Extra Innings __knowledge__ As of the 2008 season, the feeds from both teams' broadcasts are available for each game on DirecTV, even if a team is showing the game locally on a broadcast station.", "MLB Extra Innings __knowledge__ Even though the package relies on satellite uplink paths, DirecTV also carries feeds from local broadcast and even cable-only networks as well, such as CSN Philadelphia for the Philadelphia Phillies.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The 2016 Boston Red Sox season was the 116th season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The Red Sox finished first in the American League East with a record of 93 wins and 69 losses.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ In the postseason, the team was swept by the American League Central champion Cleveland Indians in the ALDS.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The opening day game, scheduled for April 4, was postponed to April 5, due to cold weather.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The game was called two hours prior to game time.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ On April 5, in his Red Sox debut, David Price struck out ten Indians batters and earned the win.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ He became the fifth Red Sox pitcher to win an opening day game in his debut for the ball club and the first since Pedro Martínez did it in 1998.", "2017 Los Angeles Dodgers season __knowledge__ The 2017 Los Angeles Dodgers season was the 128th for the franchise in Major League Baseball, and their 60th season in Los Angeles, California.", "2017 Los Angeles Dodgers season __knowledge__ They finished the season with the most wins in Los Angeles team history with a major league best 104 wins (2nd best in overall team history, tied with the 1942 team and behind only the 1953 Brooklyn Dodgers).", "2017 Los Angeles Dodgers season __knowledge__ They won their fifth straight National League West championship and swept the Arizona Diamondbacks in three games in the Division Series.", "2017 Los Angeles Dodgers season __knowledge__ They advanced to the National League Championship Series for the second year in a row and the third time in five seasons, where they faced the Chicago Cubs for the second year in a row.", "2014 Los Angeles Dodgers season __knowledge__ The 2014 Los Angeles Dodgers season was the 125th for the franchise in Major League Baseball, and their 57th season in Los Angeles.", "2014 Los Angeles Dodgers season __knowledge__ On April 30, the Dodgers picked up their 10,000th win since joining the National League in 1890.", "2014 Los Angeles Dodgers season __knowledge__ They proceeded to win their second straight NL West championship but lost in four games to the St. Louis Cardinals in the Division Series.", "2014 Los Angeles Dodgers season __knowledge__ Several players had excellent years: Adrian Gonzalez led the major leagues in runs batted in; Dee Gordon led the major leagues in stolen bases and triples and Clayton Kershaw led the major leagues in earned run average and wins.", "2014 Los Angeles Dodgers season __knowledge__ In addition, both Kershaw and Josh Beckett pitched no-hitters during the season.", "2010 Philadelphia Phillies season __knowledge__ The Philadelphia Phillies' 2010 season was the 128th season in the history of the franchise.", "2010 Philadelphia Phillies season __knowledge__ As the two-time defending National League champion—having appeared in the 2008 and 2009 World Series—the Phillies won their fourth consecutive National League East championship, and also finished with the best record in baseball.", "2010 Philadelphia Phillies season __knowledge__ After sweeping the Cincinnati Reds in the NLDS, however, the team lost to the San Francisco Giants in the NLCS.", "2010 Philadelphia Phillies season __knowledge__ The Phillies announced, following the 2009 World Series, that they would pick up their 1-year, $9 million option on starting pitcher Cliff Lee, who posted a 4–0 record in the previous postseason." ] ]

[ 1, 10, 11, 15 ]

[ "Baseball is popular in the USA and played with 9 players on each team, and a game must have 2 teams.", "Plus there is no clock so they must play 9 innings regardless of time.", "Then they get extra innings if it's a tie/", "Yea he is good. He threw 100 mph and more being a right hander. But there is some new Japanese kid that throws faster coming to MLB." ]

[ "Baseball", "Baseball", "Baseball", "Baseball" ]

[ "Detroit", "No, and in fact I have never been there. Heard they are in the dumps though.", "I have been to alabama, but no, never to Attalla. What is their claim to fame?", "Oh. When was the Creek War?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit () is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan, the largest city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of Wayne County.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The municipality of Detroit had a 2016 estimated population of 672,795, making it the 23rd-most populous city in the United States.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The metropolitan area, known as Metro Detroit, is home to 4.3 million people, making it the second-largest in the Midwest after Chicago.", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit is a major port on the Detroit River, one of the four major straits that connect the Great Lakes system to the Saint Lawrence Seaway.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The Detroit Metropolitan Airport is among the most important hubs in the United States.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The City of Detroit anchors the third-largest economic region in the Midwest, behind Chicago and Minneapolis, and the 14th-largest in the United States.", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit and its neighboring Canadian city Windsor are connected through a tunnel and the Ambassador Bridge, the busiest international crossing in North America.", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit is best known as the center of the U.S. automobile industry, and the \"Big Three\" auto manufacturers General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler are all headquartered in Metro Detroit.", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit was founded on July 24, 1701 by the French explorer and adventurer Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac and a party of settlers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit () is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan, the largest city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of Wayne County.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The municipality of Detroit had a 2016 estimated population of 672,795, making it the 23rd-most populous city in the United States.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The metropolitan area, known as Metro Detroit, is home to 4.3 million people, making it the second-largest in the Midwest after Chicago.", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit is a major port on the Detroit River, one of the four major straits that connect the Great Lakes system to the Saint Lawrence Seaway.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The Detroit Metropolitan Airport is among the most important hubs in the United States.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The City of Detroit anchors the third-largest economic region in the Midwest, behind Chicago and Minneapolis, and the 14th-largest in the United States.", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit and its neighboring Canadian city Windsor are connected through a tunnel and the Ambassador Bridge, the busiest international crossing in North America.", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit is best known as the center of the U.S. automobile industry, and the \"Big Three\" auto manufacturers General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler are all headquartered in Metro Detroit.", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit was founded on July 24, 1701 by the French explorer and adventurer Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac and a party of settlers.", "Studsgade __knowledge__ Studsgade is a street in Aarhus which runs north to south from \"Nørreport\" to Klostergade and \"Graven\".", "Studsgade __knowledge__ The street is situated in the historic Latin Quarter neighborhood and is home to four listed buildings.", "Studsgade __knowledge__ The street has existed since at least the 1400s, when it was known as \"Sturisgade\" and \"Stus Gaden\", probably for councillor Jep Sture, who had a house there.", "Studsgade __knowledge__ It was officially given its current name in 1796.", "Studsgade __knowledge__ In the middle of Studsgade lies the small square \"Rykind\" from where the narrow alley \"Snævringen\" leads to Mejlgade.", "Studsgade __knowledge__ Studsgade was the northern inroad to the Medieval town, and like other roads leading into the town, it was built on at an early time.", "Nomadix __knowledge__ Nomadix is an Agoura Hills, CA-based developer of network gateway equipment, used by businesses to deliver Internet access to end users.", "Nomadix __knowledge__ The equipment includes access gateways and traffic optimizers.", "Nomadix __knowledge__ Nomadix was founded in 1998 by UCLA Computer Science Professor Dr. Leonard Kleinrock, one of the founders of ARPANET, and a graduate student, Joel Short.", "Nomadix __knowledge__ The name Nomadix came from Kleinrock's studies of nomadic computing, which he described in a 2015 Barron's interview, \"nomadic computing...refers to the capability that wherever I go, I should be able to connect seamlessly, and gain as much functionality and services as I was able to gain in my office, my home, my laboratory.\"", "Klostergade __knowledge__ Klostergade (Lit.", "Klostergade __knowledge__ : Priory Street) is a street in Aarhus which runs east from \"Grønnegade\" to \"Studsgade\", intersecting a number of streets.", "Klostergade __knowledge__ Klostergade is an old street, situated in the Vesterbro neighborhood and its eastern section enters the smaller Latin Quarter.", "Klostergade __knowledge__ Klostergade is home to two listed buildings and the historic Our Lady's Priory.", "Klostergade __knowledge__ Klotergade is a typical medieval street; narrow and curvy.", "Klostergade __knowledge__ Many small shops, cafés and restaurants are situated here and the nearby square \"Klostertorv\" is popular with recreational activities and an important event venue.", "Klostergade __knowledge__ The street has existed since at least the 1300s when it was known by the Latin phrase \"Apud fratres\" (Behind the convent).", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "The Cut (UK TV series) __knowledge__ The Cut is a BBC television teen drama, first broadcast in September 2009.", "The Cut (UK TV series) __knowledge__ The series was developed by \"Geoffrey Goodwin\" and \"Holby City\" writer, Al Smith in collaboration with \"KateModern\" producer Pete Gibbons and \"Hollyoaks\" director, Sarah Walker.", "The Cut (UK TV series) __knowledge__ \"The Cut\" is broadcast in 25-minute episodes on BBC Two, with each episode being broadcast in daily five-minute chunks on the website throughout the week before.", "The Cut (UK TV series) __knowledge__ The BBC describe it as reflecting the way many young people want to consume content which a critic has more cynically interpreted as for those with even the shortest of attention spans.", "The Cut (UK TV series) __knowledge__ The first series ran on TV and online from September to December 2009.", "Aarhus __knowledge__ Aarhus (; officially spelled Århus from 1948 until 31 December 2010) is the second-largest city in Denmark and the seat of Aarhus municipality.", "Aarhus __knowledge__ It is located on the east coast of the Jutland peninsula, in the geographical centre of Denmark, northwest of Copenhagen and north of Hamburg, Germany.", "Aarhus __knowledge__ The inner urban area contains 269,022 inhabitants () and the municipal population is 335,684 ().", "Aarhus __knowledge__ Aarhus is the central city in the East Jutland metropolitan area, which had a total population of 1.378 million in 2016.", "Aarhus __knowledge__ The history of Aarhus began as a fortified Viking settlement founded in the 8th century and with the first written records stemming from the bishopric seated here from at least 948.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance.", "Penn State Nittany Lions women's volleyball __knowledge__ The Penn State Nittany Lions women's volleyball program has had a long tradition.", "Penn State Nittany Lions women's volleyball __knowledge__ It was founded in 1976 by Tom Tait, long-time coach of the men's team, who coached the women's team from 1976–79 and was named a USA Volleyball All-Time great coach in 2007.", "Penn State Nittany Lions women's volleyball __knowledge__ Russ Rose has been the head coach since 1979.", "Penn State Nittany Lions women's volleyball __knowledge__ He has led the program to seven NCAA National Championships, in 1999, each year from 2007 through 2010, and in 2013 and 2014.", "Penn State Nittany Lions women's volleyball __knowledge__ After the 2015 season he has an overall record of 1189–186 (an .865 winning percentage); in NCAA games his .871 percentage (1123 W–166 L) ranked as the highest winning percentage in NCAA history.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ In 1997, Japanese rock group Sharam Q, fronted by Tsunku, began auditions for a female vocalist.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ These auditions aired via the reality show Asayan, and resulted in Michiyo Heike being crowned winner.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Tsunku, however, decided to give five of the runners-up, Yuko Nakazawa, Natsumi Abe, Kaori Iida, Asuka Fukuda and Aya Ishiguro, a chance to become a group in their own right.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls were set the task of selling 50,000 copies of their demo single \"Ai no Tane,\" in just five days.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls sold the required number of copies in four days, and subsequently became an official group.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Morning Musume's debut single, \"Morning Coffee,\" was released on January 28, 1998 on the One Up Music label and charted at #6 on the Oricon weekly chart.", "San Miguel de Allende __knowledge__ San Miguel de Allende () is a city and municipality located in the far eastern part of the state of Guanajuato in central Mexico.", "San Miguel de Allende __knowledge__ It is part of the macroregion of Bajío.", "San Miguel de Allende __knowledge__ It is from Mexico City and from the state capital of Guanajuato.", "San Miguel de Allende __knowledge__ Historically, the town is important as being the birthplace of Mexican General Ignacio Allende, whose surname was added to the town’s name in 1826, as well as the first municipality declared independent of Spanish rule by the nascent insurgent army during the Mexican War of Independence.", "San Miguel de Allende __knowledge__ San Miguel de Allende was also a critical epicenter during the historic Chichimeca War (1540-1590) where the Chichimeca Confederation defeated the Spanish Empire in the initial colonization war.", "Attalla, Alabama __knowledge__ Attalla is a city in Etowah County, Alabama, United States.", "Attalla, Alabama __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the population was 6,048.", "Attalla, Alabama __knowledge__ The town occupies the site of an Indian village which was of considerable importance during the Creek War.", "Attalla, Alabama __knowledge__ It was in Attalla that David Brown, a Cherokee assisted by the Rev.", "Attalla, Alabama __knowledge__ D. S. Butterick, prepared the \"Cherokee Spelling Book.\"", "Attalla, Alabama __knowledge__ Attalla was not founded until 1870, on land donated by W. C. Hammond, a plantation owner.", "Attalla, Alabama __knowledge__ It was incorporated as a city government on February 5, 1872.", "Attalla, Alabama __knowledge__ The town was officially named \"Attalla\" in 1893, from the Cherokee language word meaning \"mountain\".", "Attalla, Alabama __knowledge__ Attalla was prosperous until the railroads that it depended on went into bankruptcy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit () is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan, the largest city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of Wayne County.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The municipality of Detroit had a 2016 estimated population of 672,795, making it the 23rd-most populous city in the United States.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The metropolitan area, known as Metro Detroit, is home to 4.3 million people, making it the second-largest in the Midwest after Chicago.", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit is a major port on the Detroit River, one of the four major straits that connect the Great Lakes system to the Saint Lawrence Seaway.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The Detroit Metropolitan Airport is among the most important hubs in the United States.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The City of Detroit anchors the third-largest economic region in the Midwest, behind Chicago and Minneapolis, and the 14th-largest in the United States.", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit and its neighboring Canadian city Windsor are connected through a tunnel and the Ambassador Bridge, the busiest international crossing in North America.", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit is best known as the center of the U.S. automobile industry, and the \"Big Three\" auto manufacturers General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler are all headquartered in Metro Detroit.", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit was founded on July 24, 1701 by the French explorer and adventurer Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac and a party of settlers.", "Attalla, Alabama __knowledge__ Attalla is a city in Etowah County, Alabama, United States.", "Attalla, Alabama __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the population was 6,048.", "Attalla, Alabama __knowledge__ The town occupies the site of an Indian village which was of considerable importance during the Creek War.", "Attalla, Alabama __knowledge__ It was in Attalla that David Brown, a Cherokee assisted by the Rev.", "Attalla, Alabama __knowledge__ D. S. Butterick, prepared the \"Cherokee Spelling Book.\"", "Attalla, Alabama __knowledge__ Attalla was not founded until 1870, on land donated by W. C. Hammond, a plantation owner.", "Attalla, Alabama __knowledge__ It was incorporated as a city government on February 5, 1872.", "Attalla, Alabama __knowledge__ The town was officially named \"Attalla\" in 1893, from the Cherokee language word meaning \"mountain\".", "Attalla, Alabama __knowledge__ Attalla was prosperous until the railroads that it depended on went into bankruptcy.", "U.S. Route 431 __knowledge__ U.S. Route 431 is a spur of U.S. Route 31.", "U.S. Route 431 __knowledge__ It currently runs for 556 miles (895 km) from Owensboro, Kentucky at U.S. Route 60 to Dothan, Alabama, at U.S. Route 231 and U.S. Route 84.", "U.S. Route 431 __knowledge__ U.S. 431 is paired with unsigned State Route 1 throughout almost all of Alabama, with the exception of Dothan, Alabama, where it is paired with signed State Route 210 around the eastern portion of the bypass named Ross Clark Circle.", "U.S. Route 431 __knowledge__ There is also a business route through downtown Dothan signed as Business US 431 and locally known as Reeves Street which runs into Business US 231.", "U.S. Route 431 __knowledge__ The two routes are signed concurrently through downtown and known locally as N. Oates Street north of Main Street (Business US 84) and S. Oates Street south of Main Street.", "Albert Attalla __knowledge__ Albert Attalla was a pioneer of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR).", "Albert Attalla __knowledge__ He worked as a scientist for Monsanto Research Corporation, Mound Laboratories, in Miamisburg, Ohio, writing many articles about his research, including \"Lithium isotopic analysis by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry.\"", "Albert Attalla __knowledge__ Albert Attalla was born in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio on September 29, 1931 to Ida and Farris Attalla in their home.", "Albert Attalla __knowledge__ Albert Attalla died at Banner Thunderbird Medical Center on May 26, 2014 of cardiac arrest after suffering from a brain hemorrhage on May 12.", "Albert Attalla __knowledge__ His wife and middle daughter were by his side when he passed.", "Interstate 759 __knowledge__ Interstate 759 (I-759) is a part of the Interstate Highway System in the U.S. state of Alabama.", "Interstate 759 __knowledge__ It is a spur route that runs for between the cities of Attalla and Gadsden in Etowah County.", "Interstate 759 __knowledge__ It begins at an Interstate 59 (I-59) in Attalla and ends at U.S. Route 411 (US 411) in southern Gadsden adjacent to the Gadsden Mall.", "Interstate 759 __knowledge__ The route continues east as the at-grade thoroughfare State Route 759 (SR 759) until the route ends at SR 291 in Gadsden.", "Interstate 759 __knowledge__ I-759 begins at Exit 182 of I-59 in Attalla.", "Interstate 759 __knowledge__ From this point the route travels in an easterly direction across a marshy area prior to reaching its first exit at Black Creek Parkway, a diamond interchange.", "Alabama Great Southern Railroad __knowledge__ The Alabama Great Southern Railroad is a railroad in the U.S. states of Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee.", "Alabama Great Southern Railroad __knowledge__ It is an operating subsidiary of the Norfolk Southern Corporation (NS), running southwest from Chattanooga (where it connects with the similarly owned Cincinnati, New Orleans and Texas Pacific Railway) to New Orleans through Birmingham and Meridian.", "Alabama Great Southern Railroad __knowledge__ The AGS also owns about a 30% interest in the Kansas City Southern-controlled Meridian-Shreveport Meridian Speedway.", "Alabama Great Southern Railroad __knowledge__ In 1970 AGS reported 3854 million net ton-miles (5627 million net tonne-kilometers) of revenue freight and ; at the end of that year it operated of road and of track.", "21st Century Steam __knowledge__ The 21st Century Steam program was a program begun by the Norfolk Southern Railway in 2011 and featured several classic steam locomotives pulling passenger excursions along Norfolk Southern rails in the eastern United States.", "21st Century Steam __knowledge__ However, Norfolk Southern officially concluded their steam program in December 2015, because the Southern 4501's Piedmont Limited excursion trip from Atlanta, Georgia to Toccoa, Georgia (which had been scheduled for October 3 & 4, 2015) was cancelled on October 1 due to weather concerns.", "21st Century Steam __knowledge__ In 1966, the Southern Railway, under the leadership of W. Graham Claytor, Jr., operated a popular steam excursion program.", "Attalla Downtown Historic District __knowledge__ The Attalla Downtown Historic District is a historic district in Attalla, Alabama.", "Attalla Downtown Historic District __knowledge__ The city was founded in 1870 along the Alabama and Chattanooga Railroad.", "Attalla Downtown Historic District __knowledge__ It quickly developed into a major iron ore export hub.", "Attalla Downtown Historic District __knowledge__ After fires in 1887 and 1891, most of the frame buildings downtown were replaced with brick structures.", "Attalla Downtown Historic District __knowledge__ The oldest buildings in the district, which date from the 1880s and 1890s, are built in Folk Victorian styles, with corbelled cornices and other decorative elements.", "Attalla Downtown Historic District __knowledge__ Later buildings are in more plain Commercial Brick styles, while others were built in more academic styles, including the Art Moderne Etowah Theatre (today known as the \"Country Music Opera House\") and the Colonial Revival Post Office building.", "U.S. Route 11 __knowledge__ U.S. Route 11 (US 11) is a signed north–south (while physically generally northeast-southwest) highway United States highway extending 1,645 miles (2,647 km) across the eastern United States.", "U.S. Route 11 __knowledge__ The southern terminus of the route is at U.S. Route 90 in the Bayou Sauvage National Wildlife Refuge in eastern New Orleans, Louisiana.", "U.S. Route 11 __knowledge__ The northern terminus is at the Rouses Point - Lacolle 223 Border Crossing in Rouses Point, New York.", "U.S. Route 11 __knowledge__ The route continues across the border into Canada as Quebec Route 223.", "U.S. Route 11 __knowledge__ US 11, created in 1926, largely follows the route of the original plan.", "U.S. Route 11 __knowledge__ Until 1929, US 11 ended just south of Picayune, Mississippi at the Pearl River border with Louisiana." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit () is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan, the largest city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of Wayne County.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The municipality of Detroit had a 2016 estimated population of 672,795, making it the 23rd-most populous city in the United States.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The metropolitan area, known as Metro Detroit, is home to 4.3 million people, making it the second-largest in the Midwest after Chicago.", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit is a major port on the Detroit River, one of the four major straits that connect the Great Lakes system to the Saint Lawrence Seaway.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The Detroit Metropolitan Airport is among the most important hubs in the United States.", "Detroit __knowledge__ The City of Detroit anchors the third-largest economic region in the Midwest, behind Chicago and Minneapolis, and the 14th-largest in the United States.", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit and its neighboring Canadian city Windsor are connected through a tunnel and the Ambassador Bridge, the busiest international crossing in North America.", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit is best known as the center of the U.S. automobile industry, and the \"Big Three\" auto manufacturers General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler are all headquartered in Metro Detroit.", "Detroit __knowledge__ Detroit was founded on July 24, 1701 by the French explorer and adventurer Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac and a party of settlers.", "Coal Creek War __knowledge__ The Coal Creek War was an early 1890s armed labor uprising in the southeastern United States that took place primarily in Anderson County, Tennessee.", "Coal Creek War __knowledge__ This labor conflict ignited during 1891 when coal mine owners in the Coal Creek watershed began to remove and replace their company-employed, private coal miners then on the payroll with convict laborers leased out by the Tennessee state prison system.", "Coal Creek War __knowledge__ These former wage-earning Coal Creek coal miners repeatedly attacked and burned both state prison stockades and mine properties, all while releasing hundreds of the state convict laborers from their bondage to the mine companies.", "Creek War __knowledge__ The Creek War (1813-1814), also known as the Red Stick War and the Creek Civil War, was a regional war between opposing Creek factions, European empires, and the United States, taking place largely in today's Alabama and along the Gulf Coast.", "Creek War __knowledge__ The major conflicts of the war took place between state militia units and the \"Red Stick\" Creeks.", "Creek War __knowledge__ The Creek War was part of the four-century-long Indian Wars.", "Creek War __knowledge__ It is usually considered part of the War of 1812 because it was influenced by Tecumseh's War in the Old Northwest, was concurrent with the American-British war and involved many of the same participants, and the Red Sticks had sought British support and aided Admiral Cochrane's advance towards New Orleans.", "Muscogee __knowledge__ The Muscogee, also known as the Creek and the Creek Confederacy, are a closely related group of native North American tribes or Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands.", "Muscogee __knowledge__ Mvskoke (; ) is their autonym.", "Muscogee __knowledge__ They are originally from a single confederated native land that now comprises southern Tennessee, all of Alabama, western Georgia and part of northern Florida, Most of the original population of the Muscogee people were forcibly relocated from their native lands in the 1830s during the Trail of Tears to Indian Territory (now Oklahoma).", "Muscogee __knowledge__ Some Muscogee fled European encroachment in 1797 and 1804 to establish two small tribal territories that continue to exist today in Louisiana and Texas.", "William McIntosh __knowledge__ William McIntosh (1775 – April 30, 1825), also known as \"Taskanugi Hatke\" (White Warrior), was one of the most prominent chiefs of the Creek Nation between the turn of the nineteenth century and the time of Creek removal to Indian Territory.", "William McIntosh __knowledge__ He was a leader of the Lower Towns, the Creek who were adapting European-American ways and tools to incorporate into their culture.", "William McIntosh __knowledge__ He became a planter who owned slaves and also had a ferry business.", "William McIntosh __knowledge__ Earlier American historians attributed McIntosh's achievements and influence to his mixed race Scots/European ancestry.", "William McIntosh __knowledge__ Since the late 20th century, some revisionist historians have contended that his power stemmed more from his Creek upbringing, particularly his mother's prominent Wind Clan in the Creek matrilineal system, and to other aspects of Creek culture.", "American Indian Wars __knowledge__ The American Indian Wars, or Indian Wars is the collective name for the various armed conflicts fought by European governments and colonists, and later American governments or their settlers, against the native peoples of North America.", "American Indian Wars __knowledge__ These conflicts occurred within the current boundaries of the United States and sometimes Canada from the time of the earliest colonial settlements in the 16th century until the 1920s.", "American Indian Wars __knowledge__ The Indian Wars resulted from competition for resources and land ownership as Europeans and later Americans encroached onto territory which had been traditionally inhabited by Native Americans.", "Apple Tree Creek War Memorial __knowledge__ Apple Tree Creek War Memorial is a heritage-listed memorial at Bruce Highway, Apple Tree Creek, Bundaberg Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Apple Tree Creek War Memorial __knowledge__ It was designed and built in 1921 by Andrew Lang Petrie.", "Apple Tree Creek War Memorial __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.", "Apple Tree Creek War Memorial __knowledge__ The Apple Tree Creek War Memorial was unveiled on 20 March 1921.", "Apple Tree Creek War Memorial __knowledge__ It was designed and produced by Andrew Lang Petrie of Toowong, Brisbane at a cost of £230.", "Apple Tree Creek War Memorial __knowledge__ The stone memorial honours the 77 local men who served during the First World War, including the 15 who died.", "Apple Tree Creek War Memorial __knowledge__ Apple Tree Creek developed as a farming community in the 1870s and 80s.", "Apple Tree Creek War Memorial __knowledge__ The Central Sugar Mill opened in 1895 boosting the economy of the district and by the outbreak of the First World War there were fifty farmers registered in the Post Office Directory, a school, hotel, and store.", "Ma Ma Creek War Memorial __knowledge__ Ma Ma Creek War Memorial is a heritage-listed memorial on the Gatton-Clifton Road, Ma Ma Creek, Queensland, Australia.", "Ma Ma Creek War Memorial __knowledge__ It was completed in 1920.", "Ma Ma Creek War Memorial __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.", "Ma Ma Creek War Memorial __knowledge__ The Ma Ma Creek War Memorial was erected in 1920 for Fleurine Elsie Andrews.", "Ma Ma Creek War Memorial __knowledge__ It was designed and produced by A. L. Petrie and Son of Toowong, Brisbane.", "Ma Ma Creek War Memorial __knowledge__ After losing three sons in the First World War, Fleurine Elsie Andrews commissioned a memorial and donated an organ to the church in memory of her sons.", "Ma Ma Creek War Memorial __knowledge__ The three sons were: All were killed in France.", "Ma Ma Creek War Memorial __knowledge__ The district of Ma Ma Creek probably takes its name from the aboriginal name for the creek which flows through the area, the Mia Mia.", "Burt Lake burn-out __knowledge__ The Burt Lake Burn-Out was a forced relocation of the Burt Lake Band of Chippewa and Ottawa Indians in northern Michigan's \"Tip of the Mitt\" region on 15 October 1900.", "Burt Lake burn-out __knowledge__ On that day a sheriff and his deputies burned down the band's village at the behest of a local land developer who claimied to have purchased the village land parcels for back taxes.", "Burt Lake burn-out __knowledge__ The event has been since labeled: \"A Bitter Memory,\" \"A Shameful Past,\" or \"Legalized Arson.\"", "Burt Lake burn-out __knowledge__ Professional research by Richard White, Stanford University, George Cornell, Michigan State University, and Alice Littlefied, Central Michigan University, has shown that it was all of these things and was allowed to happen as a result of the state and federal government officials' inclination to either misinterpret, forget, or deny the written treaty language of the 1830s and 1850s, in the agreements between Washington, D.C and the Michigan-based Burt Lake Band of Ottawa Indians.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ The War of 1812 (18121815) was a conflict fought between the United States, the United Kingdom, and their respective allies.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ Historians in Britain often see it as a minor theatre of the Napoleonic Wars; in the United States and Canada, it is seen as a war in its own right.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ Since the outbreak of war with Napoleonic France, Britain had enforced a naval blockade to choke off neutral trade to France, which the United States contested as illegal under international law.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ To man the blockade, Britain impressed American merchant sailors into the Royal Navy.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ Incidents such as the \"Chesapeake–Leopard\" Affair inflamed anti-British sentiment." ] ]

[ 2, 75, 12, 13 ]

[ "hello, do you live in detriot? it has a large population of 672,795 people", "what about alabama? the city Attalla only has a population of about 6,000. way smaller than detroit ", "the town has a site of an Indian Village which was important during the Creek War, actually", "It was between 1813 and 1814, it is also known as the Red Stick War and the Creek Civil War" ]

[ "Detroit", "Detroit", "Detroit", "Detroit" ]

[ "Coffee", "Nice, I can't get going until I have my black coffee in the morning.", "Oh I see, I didn't know my coffee came from that far away." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Once ripe, coffee berries are picked, processed, and dried.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Dried coffee seeds (referred to as beans) are roasted to varying degrees, depending on the desired flavor.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Roasted beans are ground and brewed with near-boiling water to produce coffee as a beverage.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect on humans because of its caffeine content.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ It can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, café latte, etc.).", "Coffee __knowledge__ It is usually served hot, although iced coffee is an alternative way of the drink to be served." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Once ripe, coffee berries are picked, processed, and dried.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Dried coffee seeds (referred to as beans) are roasted to varying degrees, depending on the desired flavor.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Roasted beans are ground and brewed with near-boiling water to produce coffee as a beverage.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect on humans because of its caffeine content.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ It can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, café latte, etc.).", "Coffee __knowledge__ It is usually served hot, although iced coffee is an alternative way of the drink to be served.", "Black Coffee (All Saints song) __knowledge__ \"Black Coffee\" is a song by English-Canadian girl group All Saints from their second studio album, \"Saints & Sinners\" (2000).", "Black Coffee (All Saints song) __knowledge__ It was released on 2 October 2000 by London Records as the album's second single.", "Black Coffee (All Saints song) __knowledge__ The track was produced by William Orbit, and written by Tom Nichols, Alexander von Soos and Kirsty Elizabeth, initially intended as a single for Elizabeth under the title \"I Wouldn't Wanna Be\".", "Black Coffee (All Saints song) __knowledge__ It is a mellow electropop song, unique for its production-laden sound featuring breathy keyboards, glitching electronics and elements of acid techno, ambient and R&B music.", "Black Coffee (All Saints song) __knowledge__ A sad love song, its lyrics stem from Elizabeth's relationship with Swiss entrepreneur Ernesto Bertarelli, detailing feelings of love at first sight and content.", "Black Coffee (DJ) __knowledge__ Nkosinathi Innocent Maphumulo (born 11 March 1976), better known by his stage name Black Coffee, is a South African record producer and DJ.", "Black Coffee (DJ) __knowledge__ He began his career around 1995 and has released five albums as well as a live DVD under his Johannesburg-based record label, Soulistic Music.", "Black Coffee (DJ) __knowledge__ He is arguably the most prominent electronic music producer in Africa.", "Black Coffee (DJ) __knowledge__ Black Coffee had his big break shortly after being chosen as a participant in the 2004 Red Bull Music Academy held in Cape Town.", "Black Coffee (DJ) __knowledge__ In September 2015, he won the \"Breakthrough DJ Of The Year\" award at the DJ Awards in Ibiza, a few weeks after the release of his fifth studio album, \"Pieces Of Me\".", "Black Coffee (play) __knowledge__ Black Coffee is a play by the British crime-fiction author Agatha Christie (1890–1976) which was produced initially in 1930.", "Black Coffee (play) __knowledge__ The first piece that Christie wrote for the stage, it launched a successful second career for her as a playwright.", "Black Coffee (play) __knowledge__ Twenty-two years after Christie's death,\" Black Coffee\" was re-published in the United Kingdom and the United States in the form of a novel.", "Black Coffee (play) __knowledge__ The novelisation was undertaken by the Australian-born writer and classical music critic Charles Osborne, with the endorsement of the Christie estate.", "Black Coffee (play) __knowledge__ Agatha Christie began writing \"Black Coffee\" in 1929, feeling disappointed with the portrayal of Hercule Poirot in the previous year's play \"Alibi\", and being equally dissatisfied with the motion-picture adaptations of her short story \"The Coming of Mr. Quin\" and her novel \"The Secret Adversary\" as \"The Passing of Mr. Quin\" and \"Die Abenteurer GmbH\".", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ Coffee drinks are made by brewing hot water (or much less commonly, cold water) with ground coffee beans.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ The brewing is either done slowly by drip or filter, French press or \"cafetière\", percolator, etc., or done very quickly under pressure by an espresso machine, where the coffee is termed \"espresso\"—slow-brewed coffees are generally regarded simply as \"coffee\".", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ All coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, in different strengths; some drinks have milk or cream added, some use steamed milk, cream, plant based milk, or foamed milk, some have flavorings or sweeteners, some have alcoholic liqueurs added, some are combinations of coffee with espresso or tea.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Coffee culture __knowledge__ Coffee culture describes a social atmosphere or series of associated social behaviors that depends heavily upon coffee, particularly as a social lubricant.", "Coffee culture __knowledge__ The term also refers to the diffusion and adoption of coffee as a widely consumed stimulant by a culture.", "Coffee culture __knowledge__ In the late 20th century, particularly in the Western world and urbanized centers around the globe, espresso has been an increasingly dominant form.", "Coffee culture __knowledge__ The formation of culture around coffee and coffeehouses dates back to 14th century Turkey.", "Coffee culture __knowledge__ Coffeehouses in Western Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean were traditionally social hubs, as well as artistic and intellectual centers.", "Coffee roasting __knowledge__ Roasting coffee transforms the chemical and physical properties of green coffee beans into roasted coffee products.", "Coffee roasting __knowledge__ The roasting process is what produces the characteristic flavor of coffee by causing the green coffee beans to change in taste.", "Coffee roasting __knowledge__ Unroasted beans contain similar if not higher levels of acids, protein, sugars, and caffeine as those that have been roasted, but lack the taste of roasted coffee beans due to the Maillard and other chemical reactions that occur during roasting.", "Coffee roasting __knowledge__ The vast majority of coffee is roasted commercially on a large scale, but small-scale commercial roasting has grown significantly with the trend toward \"single-origin\" coffees served at specialty shops.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ A coffee bean is a seed of the coffee plant and the source for coffee.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ It is the pit inside the red or purple fruit often referred to as a cherry.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ Just like ordinary cherries, the coffee fruit is also a so-called stone fruit.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ Even though the coffee beans are seeds, they are referred to as \"beans\" because of their resemblance to true beans.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ The fruits – coffee cherries or coffee berries – most commonly contain two stones with their flat sides together.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ A small percentage of cherries contain a single seed, instead of the usual two.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ This is called a \"peaberry\".", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ The peaberry occurs only between 10 and 15% of the time, and it is a fairly common (yet scientifically unproven) belief that they have more flavour than normal coffee beans.", "Home roasting coffee __knowledge__ Home roasting is the process of roasting coffee from green coffee beans on a small scale for personal consumption.", "Home roasting coffee __knowledge__ Home roasting of coffee has been practiced for centuries, using simple methods such as roasting in cast iron skillets over a wood fire and hand-turning small steel drums on a kitchen stovetop.", "Home roasting coffee __knowledge__ Until the early 20th century it was more common to roast coffee at home than to buy pre-roasted coffee.", "Home roasting coffee __knowledge__ Following World War I commercial coffee roasting became prevalent and, combined with the distribution of instant coffee, home roasting decreased substantially.", "Home roasting coffee __knowledge__ In recent years there has been a revival in home roasting; what was originally a necessity has now become a hobby.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ Coffee preparation is the process of turning coffee beans into a beverage.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ While the particular steps vary with the type of coffee and with the raw materials, the process includes four basic steps: raw coffee beans must be roasted, the roasted coffee beans must then be ground, the ground coffee must then be mixed with hot water for a certain time (brewed), and finally the liquid coffee must be separated from the used grounds.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ Coffee is usually brewed immediately before drinking.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ In most areas, coffee may be purchased unprocessed, or already roasted, or already roasted and ground.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ Coffee is often vacuum packed to prevent oxidation and lengthen its shelf life.", "White coffee __knowledge__ White coffee can refer to any of a number of different kinds of coffees or coffee substitutes worldwide.", "White coffee __knowledge__ In many English-speaking countries, \"white coffee\" is used to refer to regular black coffee that has had milk, cream or some other \"whitener\" added to it, though the term is almost entirely unheard of in the US, where the same beverage might be called \"coffee light\" in the New York City area, \"light coffee\", \"coffee with milk,\" or \"regular coffee\" in New England and New York City.", "White coffee __knowledge__ Cream varieties, often called \"creamers\" in the US, can be made of dairy milk, corn syrup derivatives, soy, or nut products." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Once ripe, coffee berries are picked, processed, and dried.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Dried coffee seeds (referred to as beans) are roasted to varying degrees, depending on the desired flavor.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Roasted beans are ground and brewed with near-boiling water to produce coffee as a beverage.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect on humans because of its caffeine content.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ It can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, café latte, etc.).", "Coffee __knowledge__ It is usually served hot, although iced coffee is an alternative way of the drink to be served.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in the \"Shrek\" franchise and spin-offs from it.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ Shrek (voiced by Mike Myers, Michael Gough as his official voice in the video games) is the lead character in of all of the films.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ He prides himself on being a big, green, terrifying ogre and is ill-tempered and mean.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ He begins the series as an unsociable hermit until he meets his soon-to-be best friend, Donkey.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ In a deal with Lord Farquaad, he and Donkey embark on a quest to save Princess Fiona from the castle in which she was confined.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ Despite their differences, Shrek and Fiona fall in love, marry at the end of the first film, and have three ogre babies in the third film.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The origin and history of coffee dates back to the 10th century, and possibly earlier with a number of reports and legends surrounding its first use.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The native (undomesticated) origin of coffee is thought to have been Ethiopia.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The earliest substantiated evidence of either coffee drinking or knowledge of the coffee tree is from the 15th century, in the Sufi monasteries of Yemen.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ By the 16th century, it had reached the rest of the Middle East, South India (Coorg), Persia, Turkey, Horn of Africa, and northern Africa.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ Coffee then spread to the Balkans, Italy and to the rest of Europe, to South East Asia and then to America.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ Salut D'Amour (; lit.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ Love Greeting), despite its French name, is a South Korean television series that aired on KBS2 from November 1, 1994 to April 25, 1995 for a total of twenty five episodes.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The theme of \"Salut D'Amour\", unlike later versions, are not interconnected to one another by episode.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ Each episode contains a separate but closely related theme.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The Episode starts with a documentary show on Korea during the war, Korea during the year he was born in (1975)-riots and crowded streets in South Korea.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The narrator talked about the population census taken on September 18, 1995.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The population stood at 37,680,000 male and female sex ratio (1740:1124, males to females), as well as family events in 1982.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Melanesian mythology is the folklore, myths and religion of Melanesia — the archipelagos of New Guinea, the Torres Strait Islands, the Admiralty Islands, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia and Vanuatu.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Professor Roland Burrage Dixon wrote an account of the mythology of this region for \"The Mythology of All Races\", which was published in 1916.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Since that time, the region has developed new cults and legends as a result of exposure to western civilisations and their missionaries.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ These include the cargo cults in which the natives attempt to restore the supply of material goods which were a side-effect of the campaigning in this region during the Pacific War.", "Coffee production in Mexico __knowledge__ The coffee production in Mexico is the world's 8th largest with 252,000 metric tonnes produced in 2009, and is mainly concentrated to the south central to southern regions of the country.", "Coffee production in Mexico __knowledge__ The coffee is mainly arabica, which grows particularly well in the coastal region of Soconusco, Chiapas, near the border of Guatemala.", "Coffee production in Mexico __knowledge__ At the end of the 18th century, coffee came to Mexico from the Antilles, but was not exported in great quantities until the 1870s.", "Coffee production in Mexico __knowledge__ During the 1980s, coffee became the country's most valuable export crop.", "Coffee production in Mexico __knowledge__ Today Mexico is the largest source of U.S. coffee imports.", "Coffee production in Mexico __knowledge__ Notable beans include Altura, Liquidambar MS and Pluma Coixtepec.", "Glen Coffee __knowledge__ Glenwood Razeem Coffee, Jr (born May 1, 1987) is an American football running back who is currently a free agent.", "Glen Coffee __knowledge__ He was selected by the San Francisco 49ers in the third round of the 2009 NFL Draft and played one season before retiring from football in 2010 and serving in the Army from 2013 to 2017.", "Glen Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee came out of retirement and was reinstated by the NFL on April 21, 2017.", "Glen Coffee __knowledge__ He played college football at the University of Alabama.", "Glen Coffee __knowledge__ In Coffee's freshman season at Alabama, he appeared in all twelve games.", "Glen Coffee __knowledge__ On September 17, he rushed for a season-high 75 yards on 15 attempts in a 37–14 win over South Carolina.", "Black Coffee (DJ) __knowledge__ Nkosinathi Innocent Maphumulo (born 11 March 1976), better known by his stage name Black Coffee, is a South African record producer and DJ.", "Black Coffee (DJ) __knowledge__ He began his career around 1995 and has released five albums as well as a live DVD under his Johannesburg-based record label, Soulistic Music.", "Black Coffee (DJ) __knowledge__ He is arguably the most prominent electronic music producer in Africa.", "Black Coffee (DJ) __knowledge__ Black Coffee had his big break shortly after being chosen as a participant in the 2004 Red Bull Music Academy held in Cape Town.", "Black Coffee (DJ) __knowledge__ In September 2015, he won the \"Breakthrough DJ Of The Year\" award at the DJ Awards in Ibiza, a few weeks after the release of his fifth studio album, \"Pieces Of Me\".", "Tropical Africa __knowledge__ Although tropical Africa is most familiar in the West as depicted by its rain forests, this ecozone of Africa is far more diverse.", "Tropical Africa __knowledge__ While the tropics are thought of as regions with warm to hot moist climates caused by latitude and the tropical rain belt, the geology of areas, particularly mountain chains, and geographical relation to continental and regional scale winds impact the overall parts of areas , also, making the tropics run from arid to humid in West Africa.", "Tropical Africa __knowledge__ The area has very serious overpopulation problems.", "Tropical Africa __knowledge__ Tropical rainforests are tropical moist forests of semi-deciduous varieties distributed across nine West African countries.", "Coffea __knowledge__ Coffea is a genus of flowering plants whose seeds, called coffee beans, are used to make various coffee beverages and products.", "Coffea __knowledge__ It is a member of the family Rubiaceae.", "Coffea __knowledge__ They are shrubs or small trees native to tropical and southern Africa and tropical Asia.", "Coffea __knowledge__ Coffee ranks as one of the world's most valuable and widely traded commodity crops and is an important export product of several countries, including those in Central and South America, the Caribbean and Africa.", "Coffea __knowledge__ Several species of \"Coffea\" may be grown for the seeds.", "Coffea __knowledge__ \"Coffea arabica\" accounts for 75–80 percent of the world's coffee production, while \"Coffea canephora\" accounts for about 20 percent.", "History of science and technology in Africa __knowledge__ Africa has the world's oldest record of human technological achievement: the oldest stone tools in the world have been found in eastern Africa, and later evidence for tool production by our hominin ancestors has been found across Sub-Saharan Africa.", "History of science and technology in Africa __knowledge__ The history of science and technology in Africa since then has, however, received relatively little attention compared to other regions of the world, despite notable African developments in mathematics, metallurgy, architecture, and other fields.", "History of science and technology in Africa __knowledge__ The Great Rift Valley of Africa provides critical evidence for the evolution of early hominins.", "History of science and technology in Africa __knowledge__ The earliest tools in the world can be found there as well: Social sciences in Africa, including education, have a long history.", "Coffea arabica __knowledge__ Coffea arabica (), also known as the Arabian coffee, \"coffee shrub of Arabia\", \"mountain coffee\", or \"arabica coffee\", is a species of \"Coffea\".", "Coffea arabica __knowledge__ It is believed to be the first species of coffee to be cultivated, and is the dominant cultivar, representing some 60% of global production.", "Coffea arabica __knowledge__ Coffee produced from the less acidic, more bitter, and more highly caffeinated robusta bean (\"C. canephora\") makes up the preponderance of the balance.", "Coffea arabica __knowledge__ Wild plants grow between tall, and have an open branching system; the leaves are opposite, simple elliptic-ovate to oblong, long and broad, glossy dark green.", "Coffea arabica __knowledge__ The flowers are white, 10–15 mm in diameter and grow in axillary clusters.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ The history of Africa begins with the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" in East Africa, and continues into the present as a patchwork of diverse and politically developing nation states.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ The recorded history of early civilization arose in the Kingdom of Kush, and later in Ancient Egypt, the Sahel, the Maghreb and the Horn of Africa.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ During the Middle Ages, Islam spread west from Arabia to Egypt, crossing the Maghreb and the Sahel.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ Some notable pre-colonial states and societies in Africa include the Ajuran Empire, D'mt, Adal Sultanate, Warsangali Sultanate, Kingdom of Nri, Nok culture, Mali Empire, Songhai Empire, Benin Empire, Ashanti Empire, Ghana Empire, Mossi Kingdoms, Mutapa Empire, Kingdom of Mapungubwe, Kingdom of Sine, Kingdom of Sennar, Kingdom of Saloum, Kingdom of Baol, Kingdom of Cayor, Kingdom of Zimbabwe, Kingdom of Kongo, Empire of Kaabu, Ancient Carthage, Numidia, Mauretania, and the Aksumite Empire." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5 ]

[ "I love to drink coffee in the morning. It is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans.", "I hear you. The \"Coffea\" plant is native to tropical Africa but has been exported around the world.", "Yes and the two most common varieties are arabica and the stronger robusta." ]

[ "Coffee", "Coffee", "Coffee" ]

[ "Christianity", "Oh I know, I just don't follow it.", "That's true, I'm sure many of the Bible stories have good intentions and meanings." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity is a Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life, teachings, and miracles of Jesus of Nazareth, known by Christians as the Christ, or \"Messiah\", who is the focal point of the Christian faiths.", "Christianity __knowledge__ It is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global population, known as Christians.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christians make up a majority of the population in 158 countries and territories.", "Christianity __knowledge__ They believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah (the Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity has played a prominent role in the shaping of Western civilization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity grew out of Judaism and began as a Second Temple Judaic sect in the mid-1st century.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Originating in the Roman province of Judea, it quickly spread to Europe, Syria, Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Egypt, Ethiopia and the Indian subcontinent, and by the end of the 4th century had become the official state church of the Roman Empire.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Following the Age of Discovery, Christianity spread to the Americas, Oceania, sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world through missionary work and colonization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christian theology is summarized in creeds such as the Apostles' Creed and the Nicene Creed." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity is a Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life, teachings, and miracles of Jesus of Nazareth, known by Christians as the Christ, or \"Messiah\", who is the focal point of the Christian faiths.", "Christianity __knowledge__ It is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global population, known as Christians.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christians make up a majority of the population in 158 countries and territories.", "Christianity __knowledge__ They believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah (the Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity has played a prominent role in the shaping of Western civilization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity grew out of Judaism and began as a Second Temple Judaic sect in the mid-1st century.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Originating in the Roman province of Judea, it quickly spread to Europe, Syria, Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Egypt, Ethiopia and the Indian subcontinent, and by the end of the 4th century had become the official state church of the Roman Empire.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Following the Age of Discovery, Christianity spread to the Americas, Oceania, sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world through missionary work and colonization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christian theology is summarized in creeds such as the Apostles' Creed and the Nicene Creed.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on its Model 206A JetRanger helicopter.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 was in continuous U.S. Army service from 1969 to 2017, when it was retired and replaced in this role by the Boeing AH-64 Apache.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The latest model, the \"OH-58D Kiowa Warrior\", is primarily operated in an armed reconnaissance role in support of ground troops.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 has been exported to Austria, Canada, Croatia, the Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Greece.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Two anime adaptations were produced; one by Toei Animation, which aired from April 4, 1998 to October 10, 1998, and another produced by NAS and animated by Studio Gallop titled \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Duel Monsters\", which aired between April 2000 and September 2004.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ The manga series has spawned a franchise that includes multiple spin-off manga and anime series, a trading card game, and numerous video games.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Most of the incarnations of the franchise involve the fictional trading card game known as \"Duel Monsters\", where each player uses cards to \"duel\" each other in a mock battle of fantasy \"monsters\".", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ This forms the basis for the real life \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series The Boys, created by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The Boys are a CIA black ops team, initially created by Col. Greg Mallory to manage, police, and sometimes liquidate Vought-American's superhumans.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ While this is in part to help protect normal humans from the actions of the largely out of control \"supes,\" this is also to ensure that the company lack the stability or the platform to push the use of superhumans in national defense.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ Over time, however, the team's focus was changed, due to Butcher's increased influence, from one of management and containment to one of direct confrontation.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh Eun-sun (Korean: 오은선, Hanja: 吳銀善, born March 5, 1966) is a South Korean female mountaineer.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ She is the first Korean woman to climb the Seven Summits.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ On April 27, 2010, she reached the Annapurna summit.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh claimed she had climbed all fourteen eight-thousanders, which would have made her the first woman to achieve this feat, but her claim to have ascended Kangchenjunga was disputed by multiple experts.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh Eun-sun later admitted that she had to stop a few hundred meters before the Kangchenjunga summit — therefore the Korean Alpine Federation ruled that Oh did not climb that peak, and the mountaineering site ExplorersWeb considered that Edurne Pasaban is the first woman to have successfully climbed all fourteen peaks.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It consists of an oxygen and hydrogen atom held together by a covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It is an important but usually minor constituent of water.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It functions as a base, a ligand, a nucleophile and a catalyst.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ The hydroxide ion forms salts, some of which dissociate in aqueous solution, liberating solvated hydroxide ions.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Sodium hydroxide is a multi-million-ton per annum commodity chemical.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ A hydroxide attached to a strongly electropositive center may itself ionize, liberating a hydrogen cation (H), making the parent compound an acid.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ There is also a four-episode OVA sequel.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ \"Anime Midstream\", Inc. announced in December, 2008, that it acquired the license for and planned to release the anime series Matchless Raijin-Oh in the U.S. sometime in 2009 as their first anime release.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The company began selling the first volume of the series direct from their website, as well as several other online retailers as of late December, 2009.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The first volume contained episodes 1-5.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The second volume, containing episodes 6-10, was released in September 2010, and translated the title beginning with this volume (and current printings of the first volume are now also marketed under that title).", "David Oh __knowledge__ David H. Oh is a member of the City Council of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh was elected in November 2011 and re-elected in November 2015, and was the first Asian-American elected to public office in Philadelphia.", "David Oh __knowledge__ He is the only U.S. military veteran currently serving on the city council.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh was born in Philadelphia.", "David Oh __knowledge__ He has lived on the same block in Southwest Philadelphia since 1963.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh's father, the late Rev.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Ki Hang Oh, founded Philadelphia’s first Korean-American church in 1953 and served as its Pastor until his death in 2006.", "David Oh __knowledge__ In 1958, Oh’s cousin, In Ho Oh, a graduate student at the University of Pennsylvania, was murdered by a group of teenage boys while mailing a letter to his parents.", "Abrahamic religions __knowledge__ The Abrahamic religions, also referred to collectively as Abrahamism, are a group of Semitic-originated religious communities of faith that claim descent from the practices of the ancient Israelites and the worship of the God of Abraham.", "Abrahamic religions __knowledge__ The term derives from a figure from the Bible known as Abraham.", "Abrahamic religions __knowledge__ Abrahamic religion was able to spread globally through Christianity being adopted by the Roman Empire in the 4th century and the Islamic Empire from the 7th century onward.", "Abrahamic religions __knowledge__ As a consequence, today the Abrahamic religions are one of the major divisions in comparative religion (along with Indian, Iranian, and East Asian religions).", "Religion __knowledge__ There is no scholarly consensus over what precisely constitutes a religion.", "Religion __knowledge__ It may be defined as a cultural system of designated behaviors and practices, world views, texts, sanctified places, prophesies, ethics, or organizations, that relate humanity to the supernatural, transcendental, or spiritual.", "Religion __knowledge__ Different religions may or may not contain various elements ranging from the divine, sacred things, faith, a supernatural being or supernatural beings or \"some sort of ultimacy and transcendence that will provide norms and power for the rest of life\".", "Religion __knowledge__ Religious practices may include rituals, sermons, commemoration or veneration (of deities), sacrifices, festivals, feasts, trances, initiations, funerary services, matrimonial services, meditation, prayer, music, art, dance, public service, or other aspects of human culture.", "Religion in Africa __knowledge__ Religion in Africa is multifaceted and has been a major influence on art, culture and philosophy.", "Religion in Africa __knowledge__ Today, the continent's various populations and individuals are mostly adherents of Christianity, Islam, and to a lesser extent several Traditional African religions.", "Religion in Africa __knowledge__ In Christian or Islamic communities, religious beliefs are also sometimes characterized with syncretism with the beliefs and practices of traditional religions.", "Religion in Africa __knowledge__ Africa encompasses a wide variety of traditional beliefs.", "Religion in Africa __knowledge__ Although religious customs are sometimes shared by many local societies, they are usually unique to specific populations or geographic regions.", "List of religious sites __knowledge__ This article provides an incomplete list and broad overview of significant religious sites and places of spiritual importance throughout the world.", "List of religious sites __knowledge__ Sites are listed alphabetically by religion.", "List of religious sites __knowledge__ Abrahamic religions are those monotheistic faiths emphasizing and tracing their common origin to Abraham or recognizing a spiritual tradition identified with him.", "List of religious sites __knowledge__ They constitute one of three major divisions in comparative religion, along with Indian religions (Dharmic) and East Asian religions (Taoic).", "List of religious sites __knowledge__ The three major Abrahamic faiths (in chronological order of revelation) are Judaism, Christianity and Islam.", "Religion in Asia __knowledge__ Asia is the largest and most populous continent, with a wide variety of religions, and was the birthplace of many religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, , Islam, Jainism, Judaism, Shintoism, Sikhism, Taoism, and Zoroastranism.", "Religion in Asia __knowledge__ All major religious traditions are practiced in the region and new forms are constantly emerging.", "Religion in Asia __knowledge__ The largest religions in Asia are Islam and Hinduism, both with approx.", "Religion in Asia __knowledge__ 1.1 billion adherents.", "Religion in Asia __knowledge__ Dharmic religions are the predominant and oldest religions of Asia.", "Religion in Asia __knowledge__ Most of Asia's population follows Indian religions.", "Religion in Asia __knowledge__ All Indian religions originated in South Asia.", "Religion in Asia __knowledge__ These religions all have the concepts of dharma, karma, and reincarnation.", "Modern Paganism __knowledge__ Modern Paganism, also known as Contemporary Paganism and Neopaganism, is a collective term for new religious movements influenced by or claiming to be derived from the various historical pagan beliefs of pre-modern Europe, North Africa and the Near East.", "Modern Paganism __knowledge__ Although they do share similarities, contemporary Pagan religious movements are diverse, and no single set of beliefs, practices or texts are shared by them all.", "Modern Paganism __knowledge__ Most academics studying the phenomenon have treated it as a movement of different religions, whereas a minority instead characterise it as a single religion into which different Pagan faiths fit as denominations.", "God in Abrahamic religions __knowledge__ Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are sometimes called Abrahamic religions because they all accept the tradition of a god, Yahweh, that revealed himself to the prophet Abraham.", "God in Abrahamic religions __knowledge__ The theological traditions of all Abrahamic religions are thus to some extent influenced by the depiction of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible, and the historical development of monotheism in the history of Judaism.", "God in Abrahamic religions __knowledge__ The Abrahamic God in this sense is the conception of God that remains a common attribute of all three traditions.", "God in Abrahamic religions __knowledge__ God is conceived of as eternal, omnipotent, omniscient and as the creator of the universe.", "God in Abrahamic religions __knowledge__ God is further held to have the properties of holiness, justice, omni-benevolence and omnipresence." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity is a Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life, teachings, and miracles of Jesus of Nazareth, known by Christians as the Christ, or \"Messiah\", who is the focal point of the Christian faiths.", "Christianity __knowledge__ It is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global population, known as Christians.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christians make up a majority of the population in 158 countries and territories.", "Christianity __knowledge__ They believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah (the Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity has played a prominent role in the shaping of Western civilization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity grew out of Judaism and began as a Second Temple Judaic sect in the mid-1st century.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Originating in the Roman province of Judea, it quickly spread to Europe, Syria, Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Egypt, Ethiopia and the Indian subcontinent, and by the end of the 4th century had become the official state church of the Roman Empire.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Following the Age of Discovery, Christianity spread to the Americas, Oceania, sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world through missionary work and colonization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christian theology is summarized in creeds such as the Apostles' Creed and the Nicene Creed.", "Simpsons Bible Stories __knowledge__ \"Simpsons Bible Stories\" is the eighteenth episode of \"The Simpsons\" tenth season.", "Simpsons Bible Stories __knowledge__ It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on Easter Sunday, April 4, 1999.", "Simpsons Bible Stories __knowledge__ It is the first of \"The Simpsons\" now annual trilogy episodes, and consists of four self-contained segments.", "Simpsons Bible Stories __knowledge__ In the episode, the Simpson family fall asleep during a sermon in church.", "Simpsons Bible Stories __knowledge__ Marge dreams that she and Homer are Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, Lisa dreams that she and her fellow Springfield Elementary School students are Hebrew slaves in Ancient Egypt and guides Moses to lead them to freedom, Homer dreams that he is King Solomon called to resolve a dispute between Lenny and Carl over the ownership of a pie, and Bart dreams he is King David, who has to fight Goliath's son, Goliath II.", "The road to hell is paved with good intentions __knowledge__ The road to hell is paved with good intentions is a proverb or aphorism.", "The road to hell is paved with good intentions __knowledge__ An alternative form is \"Hell is full of good meanings, but heaven is full of good works\".", "The road to hell is paved with good intentions __knowledge__ The saying is thought to have originated with Saint Bernard of Clairvaux who wrote ( 1150), \"\"L'enfer est plein de bonnes volontés ou désirs\"\" (hell is full of good wishes or desires).", "The road to hell is paved with good intentions __knowledge__ An earlier saying occurs in Virgil's \"Aeneid\": \"\"facilis descensus Averno\" (the descent to hell is easy)\".", "The road to hell is paved with good intentions __knowledge__ A common interpretation of the saying is that wrongdoings or evil actions are often masked by good intentions; or even that good intentions, when acted upon, may have unintended consequences.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Hayyim Angel __knowledge__ Rabbi Hayyim Angel is the National Scholar of the Institute for Jewish Ideas and Ideals (jewishideas.org).", "Hayyim Angel __knowledge__ He has taught advanced Bible courses to undergraduate, graduate, and rabbinical students at Yeshiva University since 1996, and lectures widely.", "Hayyim Angel __knowledge__ He also serves as the Tanakh Education Scholar at Yeshivat Ben Porat Yosef in Paramus, New Jersey.", "Hayyim Angel __knowledge__ He has published over 130 scholarly articles, primarily in Bible, and is author or editor of sixteen books.", "Hayyim Angel __knowledge__ His scholarship focuses on the interaction between traditional and academic approaches to Bible study.", "Hayyim Angel __knowledge__ He previously served as Rabbi of Congregation Shearith Israel in New York City (1995-2013), and as Rabbinic Scholar at Congregation Kehilath Jeshurun in New York (2014-2017).", "Harriet Powers __knowledge__ Harriet Powers (October 29, 1837 – January 1, 1910) was an African-American slave, folk artist, and quilt maker from rural Georgia.", "Harriet Powers __knowledge__ She used traditional appliqué techniques to record local legends, Bible stories, and astronomical events on her quilts.", "Harriet Powers __knowledge__ Only two of her quilts are known to have survived: \"Bible Quilt 1886\" and \"Pictorial Quilt 1898.\"", "Harriet Powers __knowledge__ Her quilts are considered among the finest examples of nineteenth-century Southern quilting.", "Harriet Powers __knowledge__ Her work is on display at the National Museum of American History in Washington, DC, and the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, Massachusetts.", "Harriet Powers __knowledge__ Powers was born into slavery near Athens, Georgia.", "Media ministries of the Seventh-day Adventist Church __knowledge__ There are a number of media ministries associated with the Seventh-day Adventist Church.", "Media ministries of the Seventh-day Adventist Church __knowledge__ These come in print, radio and television forms and reach countries all around the globe.", "Media ministries of the Seventh-day Adventist Church __knowledge__ The Adventist church has a long history of media-based communication, having grown out of the Millerite movement of the 1840s which heavily used the print media.", "Media ministries of the Seventh-day Adventist Church __knowledge__ Some of the media ministries are directly funded by the church, while others are self-supporting organizations that rely on donations.", "Media ministries of the Seventh-day Adventist Church __knowledge__ All the main Adventist broadcast ministries have engaged in worldwide outreach via numerous crusades and rallies.", "Media ministries of the Seventh-day Adventist Church __knowledge__ Worldwide outreach is also conducted by Adventist World Radio mostly via shortwave radio transmissions, but also via AM, FM, satellite, Internet, including social media platforms, and direct-to-home satellite radio transmissions.", "Bad Intentions (album) __knowledge__ Bad Intentions is the debut solo studio album from British rapper, singer, and songwriter Dappy, released on 22 October 2012 via Takeover Entertainment Limited and Island Records.", "Bad Intentions (album) __knowledge__ The album is Dappy's first studio material released since the split of his previous hip-hop band, N-Dubz.", "Bad Intentions (album) __knowledge__ The release of the album was announced in July 2011.", "Bad Intentions (album) __knowledge__ On 3 July 2012, the album was confirmed for release on 1 October, however, the album was later pushed back two weeks to 15 October before eventually being released on 22 October.", "Bad Intentions (album) __knowledge__ \"Bad Intentions\" includes guest appearances from English musician Brian May, English-Irish boy band The Wanted and upcoming British rapper Margs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Theologians may undertake Christian theology in order: or for a variety of other reasons.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology as a discipline of Christian theology formulates an orderly, rational and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophical evolution.", "Jesus __knowledge__ Jesus (), also referred to as Jesus of Nazareth and Jesus Christ, was a Jewish preacher and religious leader.", "Jesus __knowledge__ He is the central figure of Christianity.", "Jesus __knowledge__ Most Christians believe him to be the incarnation of God the Son and the awaited Messiah (Christ) prophesied in the Old Testament.", "Jesus __knowledge__ Virtually all modern scholars of antiquity agree that Jesus existed historically, although the quest for the historical Jesus has produced little agreement on the historical reliability of the Gospels and on how closely the Jesus portrayed in the Bible reflects the historical Jesus.", "Jesus __knowledge__ Jesus was a Galilean Jew who was baptized by John the Baptist and subsequently began his own ministry, preaching his message orally and often being referred to as \"rabbi\".", "Christ myth theory __knowledge__ The Christ myth theory (also known as the Jesus myth theory, Jesus mythicism, mythicism, or Jesus ahistoricity theory) is the proposition that Christianity started with the belief in a new deity, named Jesus, \"who was later historicized\" in the Gospels, which are \"essentially allegory and fiction\".", "Christ myth theory __knowledge__ Alternatively in \"simpler terms\"—given by Bart Ehrman—\"the historical Jesus did not exist.", "Christ myth theory __knowledge__ Or if he did, he had virtually nothing to do with the founding of Christianity\".", "Christ myth theory __knowledge__ The Christ myth theory is a fringe theory supported by few tenured or emeritus specialists in biblical criticism or cognate disciplines; it contradicts the mainstream historical view, which is that while the gospels include many legendary elements, these are religious elaborations added to the biography of the historical Jesus who did live in 1st-century Roman Palestine.", "Historiography of early Christianity __knowledge__ Historians have used a variety of sources and methods in exploring and describing the history of early Christianity, commonly known as Christianity before the First Council of Nicaea in 325.", "Historiography of early Christianity __knowledge__ The growth of Christianity and its enhanced status in the Roman Empire after Constantine I led to the development of a distinct Christian historiography, influenced by both Christian theology and the Development of the Christian Biblical canon, encompassing new areas of study and views of history.", "Historiography of early Christianity __knowledge__ The central role of the Bible in Christianity is reflected in the preference of Christian historians for written sources, compared to the classical historians' preference for oral sources and is also reflected in the inclusion of politically unimportant people.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ The role of Christianity in civilization has been intricately intertwined with the history and formation of Western society.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ Throughout its long history, the Christian Church has been a major source of social services like schooling and medical care; inspiration for art, culture and philosophy; and influential player in politics and religion.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ In various ways it has sought to affect Western attitudes to vice and virtue in diverse fields.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ It has, over many centuries, promulgated the teachings of Jesus within the Western world as well as throughout other nations.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ Festivals like Easter and Christmas are marked as public holidays; the Gregorian Calendar has been adopted internationally as the civil calendar; and the calendar itself is measured from the date of Jesus's birth.", "Criticism of Christianity __knowledge__ Criticism of Christianity has a long history stretching back to the initial formation of the religion during the Roman Empire.", "Criticism of Christianity __knowledge__ Critics have attacked Christian beliefs and teachings as well as Christian actions, from the Crusades to modern terrorism.", "Criticism of Christianity __knowledge__ The intellectual arguments against Christianity include the suppositions that it is a faith of violence, corruption, superstition, polytheism, and bigotry.", "Criticism of Christianity __knowledge__ In the early years of Christianity, the Neoplatonic philosopher Porphyry emerged as one of the major critics with his book \"Against the Christians\".", "Criticism of Christianity __knowledge__ Porphyry argued that Christianity was based on false prophecies that had not yet materialized.", "Christianity and Judaism __knowledge__ Christianity is rooted in Second Temple Judaism, but the two religions diverged in the first centuries of the Christian Era.", "Christianity and Judaism __knowledge__ Christianity emphasizes correct belief (or \"orthodoxy\"), focusing on the New Covenant as mediated through Jesus Christ, as recorded in the New Testament.", "Christianity and Judaism __knowledge__ Judaism places emphasis on right conduct (or \"orthopraxy\"), focusing on the Mosaic Covenant, as recorded in the Torah and Talmud.", "Christianity and Judaism __knowledge__ Christians believe in individual salvation from sin through repentance and receiving Jesus Christ as their God and Savior through Faith in Christianity.", "Christianity and Judaism __knowledge__ Jews believe in individual and collective participation in an eternal dialogue with God through tradition, rituals, prayers and ethical actions." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "christianity is an Abrahamic religion", "same though christianity has some good teachings and thing about jesus of nazarath", "Christianity is the largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers." ]

[ "Christianity", "Christianity", "Christianity" ]

[ "Musical instrument", "I played piano for maybe a year when I was little. I hated practicing! It wasn't for me. ", "I imagine archaeologists have found all kinds of evidence of musical instruments, huh?", "I bet the first instruments were probably drums Banging on something to make a sound is about as simple as it gets. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ A musical instrument is an instrument created or adapted to make musical sounds.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ In principle, any object that produces sound can be considered a musical instrument—it is through purpose that the object becomes a musical instrument.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ The history of musical instruments dates to the beginnings of human culture.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Early musical instruments may have been used for ritual, such as a trumpet to signal success on the hunt, or a drum in a religious ceremony.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Cultures eventually developed composition and performance of melodies for entertainment.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Musical instruments evolved in step with changing applications.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ The date and origin of the first device considered a musical instrument is disputed.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ The oldest object that some scholars refer to as a musical instrument, a simple flute, dates back as far as 67,000 years.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Some consensus dates early flutes to about 37,000 years ago.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ However, most historians believe that determining a specific time of musical instrument invention is impossible due to the subjectivity of the definition and the relative instability of materials used to make them.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Many early musical instruments were made from animal skins, bone, wood, and other non-durable materials.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Musical instruments developed independently in many populated regions of the world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ A musical instrument is an instrument created or adapted to make musical sounds.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ In principle, any object that produces sound can be considered a musical instrument—it is through purpose that the object becomes a musical instrument.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ The history of musical instruments dates to the beginnings of human culture.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Early musical instruments may have been used for ritual, such as a trumpet to signal success on the hunt, or a drum in a religious ceremony.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Cultures eventually developed composition and performance of melodies for entertainment.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Musical instruments evolved in step with changing applications.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ The date and origin of the first device considered a musical instrument is disputed.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ The oldest object that some scholars refer to as a musical instrument, a simple flute, dates back as far as 67,000 years.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Some consensus dates early flutes to about 37,000 years ago.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ However, most historians believe that determining a specific time of musical instrument invention is impossible due to the subjectivity of the definition and the relative instability of materials used to make them.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Many early musical instruments were made from animal skins, bone, wood, and other non-durable materials.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Musical instruments developed independently in many populated regions of the world.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ Sir James Paul McCartney, (born 18 June 1942), is an English singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and composer.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ He gained worldwide fame as the bass guitarist and singer for the rock band the Beatles, widely considered the most popular and influential group in the history of pop music.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ His songwriting partnership with John Lennon was the most successful of the post-war era.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ After the group disbanded in 1970, he pursued a solo career and formed the band Wings with his first wife, Linda, and Denny Laine.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ McCartney is one of the most successful composers and performers of all time.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ More than 2,200 artists have covered his Beatles song \"Yesterday\", making it one of the most covered songs in popular music history.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer, musician, and actor.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the \"King of Rock and Roll\" or simply \"the King\".", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a pioneer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues.", "Dr. John __knowledge__ Malcolm John Rebennack (born November 21, 1940), better known by his stage name Dr. John, is an American singer, songwriter, actor, pianist and guitarist, whose music combines blues, pop, jazz, boogie woogie and rock and roll.", "Dr. John __knowledge__ Active as a session musician since the late 1950s, he gained a cult following in the late 1960s following the release of his album \"Gris-Gris\" and his appearance at the Bath Festival of Blues and Progressive Music.", "Dr. John __knowledge__ He performed a wildly theatrical stage show inspired by medicine shows, Mardi Gras costumes and voodoo ceremonies.", "Dr. John __knowledge__ Rebennack has recorded more than 20 albums and in 1973 scored a top-10 hit with \"Right Place, Wrong Time\".", "Ike Turner __knowledge__ Izear Luster \"Ike\" Turner, Jr. (November 5, 1931 – December 12, 2007) was an American musician, bandleader, songwriter, arranger, talent scout, and record producer.", "Ike Turner __knowledge__ An early pioneer of fifties rock and roll, he is most popularly known for his work in the 1960s and 1970s with his then-wife Tina Turner in the Ike & Tina Turner Revue.", "Ike Turner __knowledge__ Turner began playing piano and guitar when he was eight, forming his group, the Kings of Rhythm, as a teenager.", "Ike Turner __knowledge__ He employed the group as his backing band for the rest of his life.", "Ike Turner __knowledge__ His first recording, \"Rocket 88\", credited to \"Jackie Brenston and his Delta Cats\", in 1951 is considered a contender for \"first rock and roll song\".", "Gertrude Lightstone Mittelmann __knowledge__ Gertrude Lightstone Mittelmann (also Gertrude Mittelmann, and Mrs. Jesse Mittelmann) born in New York City, 1907, was an American concert pianist.", "Gertrude Lightstone Mittelmann __knowledge__ The daughter of a well-known New York surgeon, Dr. Abraham (Albert) Lightstone (1874–1955), she was one of the first women radio show hosts, notably at WQXR-AM 1550 KC (Interstate Broadcasting Company).", "Gertrude Lightstone Mittelmann __knowledge__ She gave one of her first American concerts at Haddon Hall in 1928.", "Gertrude Lightstone Mittelmann __knowledge__ Vinyl and metal record albums were recorded of her performances as a symphonic concert pianist for various orchestras and recitals as a solo artist.", "Gertrude Lightstone Mittelmann __knowledge__ In addition, many of her broadcasts as a radio host were recorded on record albums.", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ Keith Noel Emerson (2 November 1944 – 11 March 2016) was an English musician and composer.", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ He played keyboards in a number of bands before finding his first commercial success with the Nice in the late 1960s.", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ He became internationally famous for his work with the Nice, which included writing rock arrangements of classical music.", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ After leaving the Nice in 1970, he was a founding member of Emerson, Lake & Palmer (ELP), one of the early progressive rock supergroups.", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ Emerson, Lake & Palmer were commercially successful through much of the 1970s, becoming one of the best-known progressive rock groups of the era.", "Bruce Hornsby __knowledge__ Bruce Randall Hornsby (born November 23, 1954) is an American singer and pianist.", "Bruce Hornsby __knowledge__ Hornsby draws frequently from classical, jazz, bluegrass, folk, Motown, gospel, rock, blues, and jam band musical traditions.", "Bruce Hornsby __knowledge__ Hornsby's recordings have been recognized on a number of occasions with industry awards, including the 1987 Grammy Award for Best New Artist with Bruce Hornsby and the Range, the 1990 Grammy Award for Best Bluegrass Album, and the 1994 Grammy Award for Best Pop Instrumental Performance.", "Bruce Hornsby __knowledge__ Hornsby has also achieved recognition for his solo albums and performances, his touring band Bruce Hornsby and the Noisemakers, his bluegrass project with Ricky Skaggs and his appearances as a session and guest musician.", "Piano __knowledge__ The piano is an acoustic, stringed musical instrument invented in Italy by Bartolomeo Cristofori around the year 1700 (the exact year is uncertain), in which the strings are struck by hammers.", "Piano __knowledge__ It is played using a keyboard, which is a row of keys (small levers) that the performer presses down or strikes with the fingers and thumbs of both hands to cause the hammers to strike the strings.", "Piano __knowledge__ The word \"piano\" is a shortened form of \"pianoforte\", the Italian term for the early 1700s versions of the instrument, which in turn derives from \"gravicembalo col piano e forte\" and \"fortepiano\".", "Piano __knowledge__ The Italian musical terms \"piano\" and \"forte\" indicate \"soft\" and \"loud\" respectively, in this context referring to the variations in volume (i.e., loudness) produced in response to a pianist's touch or pressure on the keys: the greater the velocity of a key press, the greater the force of the hammer hitting the strings, and the louder the sound of the note produced and the stronger the attack.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ The recorder is a woodwind musical instrument in the group known as \"internal duct flutes\"—flutes with a whistle mouthpiece.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ A recorder can be distinguished from other duct flutes by the presence of thumb-hole for the upper hand and seven finger-holes: three for the upper hand and four for the lower.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ It is the most prominent duct flute in the western classical tradition.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ Recorders are made in different sizes with names and compasses roughly corresponding to different vocal ranges.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ The sizes most commonly in use today are the soprano (aka \"descant\", lowest note C), alto (aka \"treble\", lowest note F), tenor (lowest note C) and bass (lowest note F).", "Experimental musical instrument __knowledge__ An experimental musical instrument (or custom-made instrument) is a musical instrument that modifies or extends an existing instrument or class of instruments, or defines or creates a new class of instrument.", "Experimental musical instrument __knowledge__ Some are created through simple modifications, such as cracked drum cymbals or metal objects inserted between piano strings in a prepared piano.", "Experimental musical instrument __knowledge__ Some experimental instruments are created from household items like a homemade mute for brass instruments such as bathtub plugs.", "Experimental musical instrument __knowledge__ Other experimental instruments are created from electronic spare parts, or by mixing acoustic instruments with electric components.", "Conservation and restoration of musical instruments __knowledge__ The conservation and restoration of musical instruments is an action done by conservator-restorers trained to preserve or protect historical and current musical instruments.", "Conservation and restoration of musical instruments __knowledge__ Musical instrument conservation, at least by the date of the earliest reference acquired, originates from 1862 when “a letter was written by Antonio Stradivari, who not only repaired his own instruments but also those of other makers, for Count Cesare Castelbarco about how to conserve his many Stradivari instruments.” Conservation practices of musical instruments follow the same guidelines as the numerous other artifacts in museum collections.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ A mandolin ( ; literally \"small mandola\") is a stringed musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum or \"pick\".", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ The courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It is the soprano member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello and mandobass.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ There are many styles of mandolin, but three are common, the \"Neapolitan\" or \"round-backed\" mandolin, the \"carved-top\" mandolin and the \"flat-backed\" mandolin.", "Music technology __knowledge__ Music technology is the use of any device, mechanism, machine or tool by a musician or composer to make or perform music; to compose, notate, play back or record songs or pieces; or to analyze or edit music.", "Music technology __knowledge__ The earliest known applications of technology to music was prehistoric peoples' use of a tool to hand-drill holes in bones to make simple flutes.", "Music technology __knowledge__ Ancient Egyptians developed stringed instruments, such as harps, lyres and lutes, which required making thin strings and some type of peg system for adjusting the pitch of the strings.", "Music technology __knowledge__ Ancient Egyptians also used wind instruments such as double clarinets and percussion instruments such as cymbals." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ A musical instrument is an instrument created or adapted to make musical sounds.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ In principle, any object that produces sound can be considered a musical instrument—it is through purpose that the object becomes a musical instrument.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ The history of musical instruments dates to the beginnings of human culture.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Early musical instruments may have been used for ritual, such as a trumpet to signal success on the hunt, or a drum in a religious ceremony.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Cultures eventually developed composition and performance of melodies for entertainment.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Musical instruments evolved in step with changing applications.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ The date and origin of the first device considered a musical instrument is disputed.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ The oldest object that some scholars refer to as a musical instrument, a simple flute, dates back as far as 67,000 years.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Some consensus dates early flutes to about 37,000 years ago.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ However, most historians believe that determining a specific time of musical instrument invention is impossible due to the subjectivity of the definition and the relative instability of materials used to make them.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Many early musical instruments were made from animal skins, bone, wood, and other non-durable materials.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Musical instruments developed independently in many populated regions of the world.", "Conservation and restoration of musical instruments __knowledge__ The conservation and restoration of musical instruments is an action done by conservator-restorers trained to preserve or protect historical and current musical instruments.", "Conservation and restoration of musical instruments __knowledge__ Musical instrument conservation, at least by the date of the earliest reference acquired, originates from 1862 when “a letter was written by Antonio Stradivari, who not only repaired his own instruments but also those of other makers, for Count Cesare Castelbarco about how to conserve his many Stradivari instruments.” Conservation practices of musical instruments follow the same guidelines as the numerous other artifacts in museum collections.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ The recorder is a woodwind musical instrument in the group known as \"internal duct flutes\"—flutes with a whistle mouthpiece.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ A recorder can be distinguished from other duct flutes by the presence of thumb-hole for the upper hand and seven finger-holes: three for the upper hand and four for the lower.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ It is the most prominent duct flute in the western classical tradition.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ Recorders are made in different sizes with names and compasses roughly corresponding to different vocal ranges.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ The sizes most commonly in use today are the soprano (aka \"descant\", lowest note C), alto (aka \"treble\", lowest note F), tenor (lowest note C) and bass (lowest note F).", "Organology __knowledge__ Organology (from Greek: – \"organon\", \"instrument\" and λόγος – \"logos\", \"study\") is the science of musical instruments and their classification.", "Organology __knowledge__ It embraces study of instruments' history, instruments used in different cultures, technical aspects of how instruments produce sound, and musical instrument classification.", "Organology __knowledge__ There is a degree of overlap between organology, ethnomusicology (being subsets of musicology) and the branch of the science of acoustics devoted to musical instruments.", "Organology __knowledge__ A number of ancient cultures left documents detailing the musical instruments used and their role in society; these documents sometimes included a classification system.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Experimental musical instrument __knowledge__ An experimental musical instrument (or custom-made instrument) is a musical instrument that modifies or extends an existing instrument or class of instruments, or defines or creates a new class of instrument.", "Experimental musical instrument __knowledge__ Some are created through simple modifications, such as cracked drum cymbals or metal objects inserted between piano strings in a prepared piano.", "Experimental musical instrument __knowledge__ Some experimental instruments are created from household items like a homemade mute for brass instruments such as bathtub plugs.", "Experimental musical instrument __knowledge__ Other experimental instruments are created from electronic spare parts, or by mixing acoustic instruments with electric components.", "Music technology __knowledge__ Music technology is the use of any device, mechanism, machine or tool by a musician or composer to make or perform music; to compose, notate, play back or record songs or pieces; or to analyze or edit music.", "Music technology __knowledge__ The earliest known applications of technology to music was prehistoric peoples' use of a tool to hand-drill holes in bones to make simple flutes.", "Music technology __knowledge__ Ancient Egyptians developed stringed instruments, such as harps, lyres and lutes, which required making thin strings and some type of peg system for adjusting the pitch of the strings.", "Music technology __knowledge__ Ancient Egyptians also used wind instruments such as double clarinets and percussion instruments such as cymbals.", "Music technology (mechanical) __knowledge__ Mechanical music technology is the use of any device, mechanism, machine or tool by a musician or composer to make or perform music; to compose, notate, play back or record songs or pieces; or to analyze or edit music.", "Music technology (mechanical) __knowledge__ The earliest known applications of technology to music was prehistoric peoples' use of a tool to hand-drill holes in bones to make simple flutes.", "Music technology (mechanical) __knowledge__ Ancient Egyptians developed stringed instruments, such as harps, lyres and lutes, which required making thin strings and some type of peg system for adjusting the pitch of the strings.", "Music technology (mechanical) __knowledge__ Ancient Egyptians also used wind instruments such as double clarinets and percussion instruments such as cymbals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ The city of Paris has been an important center for European music since the Middle Ages.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ It was noted for its choral music in the 12th century, for its role in the development of ballet during the Renaissance, in the 19th century it became famous for its music halls and cabarets, and in the 20th century for the first performances of the Ballets Russes, its jazz clubs, and its part in the development of serial music.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ Paris has been home to many important composers, to name a few: Jean-Baptiste Lully, Jean-Philippe Rameau, Christoph Willibald Gluck, Niccolò Piccinni, Frédéric Chopin, Franz Liszt, Jacques Offenbach, Georges Bizet, Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, Hector Berlioz, Paul Dukas, Gabriel Fauré, César Franck, Charles Gounod, Jules Massenet, Vincent d'Indy, Camille Saint-Saëns, Erik Satie, Igor Stravinsky, Sidney Bechet..." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ A musical instrument is an instrument created or adapted to make musical sounds.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ In principle, any object that produces sound can be considered a musical instrument—it is through purpose that the object becomes a musical instrument.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ The history of musical instruments dates to the beginnings of human culture.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Early musical instruments may have been used for ritual, such as a trumpet to signal success on the hunt, or a drum in a religious ceremony.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Cultures eventually developed composition and performance of melodies for entertainment.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Musical instruments evolved in step with changing applications.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ The date and origin of the first device considered a musical instrument is disputed.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ The oldest object that some scholars refer to as a musical instrument, a simple flute, dates back as far as 67,000 years.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Some consensus dates early flutes to about 37,000 years ago.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ However, most historians believe that determining a specific time of musical instrument invention is impossible due to the subjectivity of the definition and the relative instability of materials used to make them.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Many early musical instruments were made from animal skins, bone, wood, and other non-durable materials.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Musical instruments developed independently in many populated regions of the world.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is the film and television scores composed by various composers for the films and television series of that franchise.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Ramin Djawadi provided the first MCU music with his original score for \"Iron Man\" in 2008.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Alan Silvestri was the first composer to work on multiple MCU films after he transitioned from scoring \"\" (2011) to \"Marvel's The Avengers\" (2012), while Brian Tyler was the first composer to reference the work of another MCU composer when he quoted Silvestri's \"Captain America March\" in his score for \"\" (2013).", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Original music has also been composed for the Marvel One-Shots short film series, and other related projects of the MCU, including the fanfares for the two Marvel Studios logos, composed by Tyler and Michael Giacchino, respectively.", "Drum kit __knowledge__ A drum kit — also called a drum set, trap set, or simply drums — is a collection of drums and other percussion instruments, typically cymbals, which are set up on stands to be played by a single player, with drumsticks held in both hands, and the feet operating pedals that control the hi-hat cymbal and the beater for the bass drum.", "Drum kit __knowledge__ A drum kit consists of a mix of drums (categorized classically as membranophones, Hornbostel-Sachs high-level classification 2) and idiophones - most significantly cymbals, but can also include the woodblock and cowbell (classified as Hornbostel-Sachs high-level classification 1).", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ In the game of poker, the play largely centers on the act of betting, and as such, a protocol has been developed to speed up play, lessen confusion, and increase security while playing.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ Different games are played using different types of bets, and small variations in etiquette exist between cardrooms, but for the most part the following rules and protocol are observed by the majority of poker players.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ Players in a poker game act in turn, in clockwise rotation (acting out of turn can negatively affect other players).", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ When it is a player's turn to act, the first verbal declaration or action they take binds them to their choice of action; this rule prevents a player from changing their action after seeing how other players react to their initial, verbal action.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "Multitrack recording __knowledge__ Multitrack recording (MTR)—also known as multitracking, double tracking, or tracking—is a method of sound recording developed in 1955 that allows for the separate recording of multiple sound sources or of sound sources recorded at different times to create a cohesive whole.", "Multitrack recording __knowledge__ Multitracking became possible in the mid-1950s when the idea of simultaneously recording different audio channels to separate discrete \"tracks\" on the same reel-to-reel tape was developed.", "Multitrack recording __knowledge__ A \"track\" was simply a different channel recorded to its own discrete area on the tape whereby their relative sequence of recorded events would be preserved, and playback would be simultaneous or synchronized.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ China has long been a cradle and host to a variety of the most enduring religio-philosophical traditions of the world.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ Confucianism and Taoism, later joined by Buddhism, constitute the \"three teachings\" that have shaped Chinese culture.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ There are no clear boundaries between these intertwined religious systems, which do not claim to be exclusive, and elements of each enrich popular or folk religion.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ The emperors of China claimed the Mandate of Heaven and participated in Chinese religious practices.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, reform-minded officials and intellectuals attacked all religions as \"superstitious\", and since 1949, China has been governed by the Communist Party of China, an atheist institution that prohibits party members from practising religion while in office.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ The recorder is a woodwind musical instrument in the group known as \"internal duct flutes\"—flutes with a whistle mouthpiece.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ A recorder can be distinguished from other duct flutes by the presence of thumb-hole for the upper hand and seven finger-holes: three for the upper hand and four for the lower.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ It is the most prominent duct flute in the western classical tradition.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ Recorders are made in different sizes with names and compasses roughly corresponding to different vocal ranges.", "Recorder (musical instrument) __knowledge__ The sizes most commonly in use today are the soprano (aka \"descant\", lowest note C), alto (aka \"treble\", lowest note F), tenor (lowest note C) and bass (lowest note F).", "Nannerl Notenbuch __knowledge__ The , or (English: Nannerl's Music Book) is a book in which Leopold Mozart, from 1759 to about 1764, wrote pieces for his daughter, Maria Anna Mozart (known as \"Nannerl\"), to learn and play.", "Nannerl Notenbuch __knowledge__ His son Wolfgang also used the book, in which his earliest compositions were recorded (some penned by his father).", "Nannerl Notenbuch __knowledge__ The book contains simple short keyboard (typically harpsichord) pieces, suitable for beginners; there are many anonymous minuets, some works by Leopold, and a few other composers including Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach and the Austrian composer Georg Christoph Wagenseil.", "Nannerl Notenbuch __knowledge__ There are also some technical exercises, a table of intervals, and some modulating figured basses.", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ The Roman Empire (; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr. )", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia.", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ The city of Rome was the largest city in the world BC , with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around AD 500, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time).", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ The 500-year-old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC.", "Egyptian temple __knowledge__ Egyptian temples were built for the official worship of the gods and in commemoration of the pharaohs in ancient Egypt and regions under Egyptian control.", "Egyptian temple __knowledge__ Temples were seen as houses for the gods or kings to whom they were dedicated.", "Egyptian temple __knowledge__ Within them, the Egyptians performed a variety of rituals, the central functions of Egyptian religion: giving offerings to the gods, reenacting their mythological interactions through festivals, and warding off the forces of chaos.", "Egyptian temple __knowledge__ These rituals were seen as necessary for the gods to continue to uphold \"maat\", the divine order of the universe.", "Egyptian temple __knowledge__ Housing and caring for the gods were the obligations of pharaohs, who therefore dedicated prodigious resources to temple construction and maintenance." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 4, 8 ]

[ "Do you play a musical instrument? I used to play piano as a child.", "Yeah, same here. I wanted to play sports instead. Musical instruments dates back to the beginning of human culture.", "That's correct. Early instruments may have been used for rituals such as religious ceremonies.", "Many scholars think the earliest instrument is a flute which dates back 67,000 years but there could be earlier we haven't found yet." ]

[ "Musical instrument", "Musical instrument", "Musical instrument", "Musical instrument" ]

[ "Guitar", "I never playyed guitar but I sure know how to sleep.", "I am not up to speed on that type of music. Interesting.", "Sounds like I should maybe check it out. I might like it. I like all types of music." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "Sure Know Something __knowledge__ \"Sure Know Something\" is a song by American hard rock band Kiss, released on their 1979 album \"Dynasty\".", "Sure Know Something __knowledge__ The B-side is \"Dirty Livin'\", another album track featured on the \"Dynasty\" album which was co-written and sung by drummer Peter Criss.", "Sure Know Something __knowledge__ Written by vocalist/guitarist Paul Stanley and producer Vini Poncia, \"Sure Know Something\" reached number 47 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 singles chart in 1979, and in the Top Ten in some countries around the world.", "Sure Know Something __knowledge__ It would become another top ten hit(#5) for the band in Australia.", "Sure Know Something __knowledge__ A promotional video, directed by John Goodhue, was filmed for the single and featured the band on a mock-up of what was their \"Dynasty\"-era stage show.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial of Conrad Murray (People of the State of California v. Conrad Robert Murray) was the American criminal trial of Michael Jackson's personal physician, Conrad Murray, who was charged with involuntary manslaughter for the pop singer's death on June 25, 2009, from a massive overdose of the general anesthetic propofol.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial, which started on September 27, 2011, was held in the Los Angeles County Superior Court in Los Angeles, California, before Judge Michael Pastor and it was televised.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The prosecutors in the case (David Walgren and Deborah Brazil, both Los Angeles deputy district attorneys), in their opening statement, told jurors: \"misplaced trust in the hands of Murray cost Jackson his life\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Neuroscience of sleep __knowledge__ The neuroscience of sleep is the study of the neuroscientific and physiological basis of the nature of sleep and its functions.", "Neuroscience of sleep __knowledge__ Traditionally, sleep has been studied as part of psychology and medicine.", "Neuroscience of sleep __knowledge__ The study of sleep from a neuroscience perspective grew to prominence with advances in technology and proliferation of neuroscience research from the second half of the twentieth century.", "Neuroscience of sleep __knowledge__ The fact that organisms daily spend hours of their time in sleep and that sleep deprivation can have disastrous effects ultimately leading to death, demonstrate the importance of sleep.", "Neuroscience of sleep __knowledge__ For a phenomenon so important, the purposes and mechanisms of sleep are only partially understood, so much so that as recently as the late 1990s it was quipped: \"The only known function of sleep is to cure sleepiness\".", "Ike Turner __knowledge__ Izear Luster \"Ike\" Turner, Jr. (November 5, 1931 – December 12, 2007) was an American musician, bandleader, songwriter, arranger, talent scout, and record producer.", "Ike Turner __knowledge__ An early pioneer of fifties rock and roll, he is most popularly known for his work in the 1960s and 1970s with his then-wife Tina Turner in the Ike & Tina Turner Revue.", "Ike Turner __knowledge__ Turner began playing piano and guitar when he was eight, forming his group, the Kings of Rhythm, as a teenager.", "Ike Turner __knowledge__ He employed the group as his backing band for the rest of his life.", "Ike Turner __knowledge__ His first recording, \"Rocket 88\", credited to \"Jackie Brenston and his Delta Cats\", in 1951 is considered a contender for \"first rock and roll song\".", "List of The Big Bang Theory characters __knowledge__ The American television sitcom \"The Big Bang Theory\", created and executive produced by Chuck Lorre and Bill Prady, premiered on CBS on September 24, 2007.", "List of The Big Bang Theory characters __knowledge__ The series initially centers on five characters: roommates Leonard Hofstadter and Sheldon Cooper, two Caltech physicists; Penny, a waitress and aspiring actress who lives across the hall; and Leonard and Sheldon's friends and co-workers aerospace engineer Howard Wolowitz, and astrophysicist Raj Koothrappali.", "List of The Big Bang Theory characters __knowledge__ Over time, several supporting characters have been introduced and promoted to starring roles, including Leslie Winkle, Amy Farrah Fowler, Bernadette Rostenkowski-Wolowitz, Stuart Bloom, and Emily Sweeney.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ George Harrison (25 February 1943 – 29 November 2001) was an English guitarist, singer-songwriter, and producer who achieved international fame as the lead guitarist of the Beatles.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ Often referred to as \"the quiet Beatle\", Harrison embraced Indian culture and helped broaden the scope of popular music through his incorporation of Indian instrumentation and Hindu-aligned spirituality in the Beatles' work.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ Although the majority of the band's songs were written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney, most Beatles albums from 1965 onwards contained at least two Harrison compositions.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ His songs for the group included \"Taxman\", \"Within You Without You\", \"While My Guitar Gently Weeps\", \"Here Comes the Sun\" and \"Something\", the last of which became the Beatles' second-most covered song.", "Adventure Time (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of \"Adventure Time\", an American animated television series created by Pendleton Ward, premiered on Cartoon Network on April 5, 2010 and concluded on September 27, 2010.", "Adventure Time (season 1) __knowledge__ The season was produced by Cartoon Network Studios and Frederator Studios.", "Adventure Time (season 1) __knowledge__ The series is based on a short produced for Frederator's Nicktoons Network animation incubator series \"Random!", "Adventure Time (season 1) __knowledge__ Cartoons\".", "Adventure Time (season 1) __knowledge__ The season follows the adventures of Finn, a human boy, and his best friend and adoptive brother Jake, a dog with magical powers to change shape and size at will.", "Adventure Time (season 1) __knowledge__ Finn and Jake live in the post-apocalyptic Land of Ooo, where they interact with the other main characters of the show: Princess Bubblegum, The Ice King, Marceline the Vampire Queen, Lumpy Space Princess, and BMO.", "Jim O'Brien (reporter) __knowledge__ Jim O'Brien was the stage name of James Franklin Oldham (November 20, 1939–September 25, 1983), a newscaster.", "Jim O'Brien (reporter) __knowledge__ He was born in Galveston in 1939.", "Jim O'Brien (reporter) __knowledge__ He married Sandra Jo Hauck, in a small ceremony in Texas.", "Jim O'Brien (reporter) __knowledge__ They had two daughters: actress Peri Gilpin (born Peri Kay Oldham), who played the beloved character Roz Doyle on the television program \"Frasier\", and Patti Jo Wynne (\"née\" Oldham), who married Shannon Wynne.", "Jim O'Brien (reporter) __knowledge__ According to Peri, he wished to become a pastor and was a theologician who studied at Baylor University.", "Jim O'Brien (reporter) __knowledge__ He came to Philadelphia in 1970 to become a disc jockey at radio station WFIL, after short stints at KHJ in Los Angeles and WOR-FM in New York City.", "Marilyn Manson (band) __knowledge__ Marilyn Manson is an American rock band formed by singer Marilyn Manson and guitarist Daisy Berkowitz in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, in 1989.", "Marilyn Manson (band) __knowledge__ Originally named Marilyn Manson & the Spooky Kids, they gained a local cult following in South Florida in the early 1990s with their theatrical live performances.", "Marilyn Manson (band) __knowledge__ In 1993, they were the first act signed to Trent Reznor's Nothing Records label.", "Marilyn Manson (band) __knowledge__ Until 1996, the name of each member was created by combining the first name of a female sex symbol and the last name of a serial killer, for example Marilyn Monroe and Charles Manson.", "Marilyn Manson (band) __knowledge__ Their lineup has changed between many of their album releases; the current members of Marilyn Manson are the eponymous lead singer (the only remaining original member), guitarist Tyler Bates, and drummer Gil Sharone.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ Speed limits in the United States vary depending on jurisdiction, with common in the Western United States and common in the Eastern United States.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ States may also set special speed limits for trucks and night travel along with minimum speed limits.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ The highest speed limit in the country is , which is posted on a single stretch of tollway in rural Texas.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ In Alabama, it is illegal to drive at a speed that is not \"reasonable and prudent\" for the current conditions and hazards.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ Drivers must also not drive so slowly that they impede the flow of traffic.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ If the speed limit is not otherwise posted, it is: Trucks carrying hazardous materials are not to exceed .", "Phonograph __knowledge__ The phonograph is a device, invented in 1877, for the mechanical recording and reproduction of sound.", "Phonograph __knowledge__ In its later forms, it is also called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name in the UK since 1910), or, since the 1940s, a record player.", "Phonograph __knowledge__ The sound vibration waveforms are recorded as corresponding physical deviations of a spiral groove engraved, etched, incised, or impressed into the surface of a rotating cylinder or disc, called a \"record\".", "Phonograph __knowledge__ To recreate the sound, the surface is similarly rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove and is therefore vibrated by it, very faintly reproducing the recorded sound.", "USB __knowledge__ USB, short for Universal Serial Bus, is an industry standard that defines cables, connectors and communications protocols for connection, communication, and power supply between computers and devices.", "USB __knowledge__ USB was designed to standardize the connection of computer peripherals (including keyboards, pointing devices, digital cameras, printers, portable media players, disk drives and network adapters) to personal computers, both to communicate and to supply electric power.", "USB __knowledge__ It has largely replaced a variety of earlier interfaces, such as serial ports and parallel ports, as well as separate power chargers for portable devices – and has become commonplace on a wide range of devices.", "Supermarine Spitfire (early Merlin-powered variants) __knowledge__ The British Supermarine Spitfire was the only Allied fighter aircraft of the Second World War to fight in front line service from the beginnings of the conflict, in September 1939, through to the end in August 1945.", "Supermarine Spitfire (early Merlin-powered variants) __knowledge__ Post-war, the Spitfire's service career continued into the 1950s.", "Supermarine Spitfire (early Merlin-powered variants) __knowledge__ The basic airframe proved to be extremely adaptable, capable of taking far more powerful engines and far greater loads than its original role as a short-range interceptor had called for.", "Supermarine Spitfire (early Merlin-powered variants) __knowledge__ This would lead to 19 \"marks\" of Spitfire and 52 sub-variants being produced throughout the Second World War, and beyond.", "Supermarine Spitfire (early Merlin-powered variants) __knowledge__ The many changes were made in order to fulfill Royal Air Force requirements and to successfully engage in combat with ever-improving enemy aircraft.", "Speed limit __knowledge__ Road speed limits are used in most countries to set the maximum (or minimum in some cases) speed at which road vehicles may legally travel on particular stretches of road.", "Speed limit __knowledge__ Speed limits may be variable and in some places speed is unlimited (e.g.", "Speed limit __knowledge__ on some Autobahn sections in Germany).", "Speed limit __knowledge__ Speed limits are normally indicated on a traffic sign.", "Speed limit __knowledge__ Speed limits are commonly set by the legislative bodies of nations or provincial governments and enforced by national or regional police or judicial bodies.", "Speed limit __knowledge__ The first maximum speed limit was the limit introduced in the United Kingdom in 1861.", "Speed limit __knowledge__ The highest posted speed limit in the world is , which applies to some motorways in UAE.", "Physics of whistles __knowledge__ A whistle is a device that makes sound from blowing air.", "Physics of whistles __knowledge__ The physical theory of the sound making process is an example of the application of the science of fluid dynamics.", "Physics of whistles __knowledge__ Knowledge of the geometry, dimensions and fluid properties can allow prediction of the properties of the whistle.", "Physics of whistles __knowledge__ The principles relevant to whistle operation also have applications in other areas such as fluid flow measurement.", "Physics of whistles __knowledge__ Wilson, et al., in their study of human whistling (see below), pointed out the importance of including the symmetry or asymmetry of the unstable flow in addition to the feedback classes listed below.", "Physics of whistles __knowledge__ Because of the close relationship of flow symmetry to the sound field generated, their concept was included here as part of the sound source description (monopole -symmetric and dipole - asymmetric).", "Nissan Skyline __knowledge__ The Nissan Skyline (Japanese: 日産・スカイライン \"Nissan Sukairain\") is a line of compact cars, sports cars and compact executive cars originally produced by the Prince Motor Company starting in 1957, and then by Nissan after the two companies merged in 1967.", "Nissan Skyline __knowledge__ After the merger, the Skyline and its larger counterpart, the Nissan Gloria, were sold in Japan at dealership sales channels called \"Nissan Prince Shop.\"", "Nissan Skyline __knowledge__ The Skyline was largely designed and engineered by Shinichro Sakurai from inception, and he remained a chief influence of the car until his death in 2011.", "Nissan Skyline __knowledge__ Skylines are available in either coupe, or sedan body styles, plus station wagon, crossover, convertible and pickup/sedan delivery body styles.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Marilyn Manson (band) __knowledge__ Marilyn Manson is an American rock band formed by singer Marilyn Manson and guitarist Daisy Berkowitz in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, in 1989.", "Marilyn Manson (band) __knowledge__ Originally named Marilyn Manson & the Spooky Kids, they gained a local cult following in South Florida in the early 1990s with their theatrical live performances.", "Marilyn Manson (band) __knowledge__ In 1993, they were the first act signed to Trent Reznor's Nothing Records label.", "Marilyn Manson (band) __knowledge__ Until 1996, the name of each member was created by combining the first name of a female sex symbol and the last name of a serial killer, for example Marilyn Monroe and Charles Manson.", "Marilyn Manson (band) __knowledge__ Their lineup has changed between many of their album releases; the current members of Marilyn Manson are the eponymous lead singer (the only remaining original member), guitarist Tyler Bates, and drummer Gil Sharone.", "The Downward Spiral __knowledge__ The Downward Spiral is the second studio album by American industrial rock band Nine Inch Nails, released on March 8, 1994, by Nothing Records and Interscope Records in the United States and by Island Records in Europe.", "The Downward Spiral __knowledge__ It is a concept album detailing the destruction of a man from the beginning of his \"downward spiral\" to his attempt at suicide.", "The Downward Spiral __knowledge__ \"The Downward Spiral\" features elements of industrial rock, techno and heavy metal music, in contrast to the band's synthpop-influenced debut album \"Pretty Hate Machine\" (1989), and was produced by Nine Inch Nails frontman Trent Reznor and Flood.", "The Downward Spiral __knowledge__ \"The Downward Spiral\" was conceived after the Lollapalooza 1991 festival tour as a pivot for Reznor's personal issues and the \"negative vibe\" felt by the band.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ Nine Inch Nails, commonly abbreviated as NIN (stylized as NIИ), is an American industrial band founded in 1988 by Trent Reznor in Cleveland, Ohio.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ The band released two influential albums during the 1990s—\"The Downward Spiral\" (1994) and \"The Fragile\" (1999)—and has record sales exceeding over 20 million copies worldwide, with 10 million sales certified in the United States alone.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ Despite its success, the band has had several feuds with the corporate side of the recording industry.", "Nine Inch Nails __knowledge__ The first was its notable conflict with TVT Records regarding the band's first album, \"Pretty Hate Machine\", which led Reznor to record his follow-up album in secrecy to avoid the label's influence.", "Industrial music __knowledge__ Industrial music is a genre of electronic music which draws on harsh, transgressive or provocative sounds and themes.", "Industrial music __knowledge__ It was largely pioneered in the United Kingdom and the United States city of Chicago.", "Industrial music __knowledge__ The term was coined in the mid-1970s with the founding of Industrial Records by members of Throbbing Gristle and Monte Cazazza.", "Industrial music __knowledge__ AllMusic defines industrial music as the \"most abrasive and aggressive fusion of rock and electronic music\"; \"initially a blend of avant-garde electronics experiments (tape music, musique concrète, white noise, synthesizers, sequencers, etc.)", "Industrial music __knowledge__ and punk provocation\".", "Industrial music __knowledge__ The first industrial artists experimented with noise and aesthetically controversial topics, musically and visually, such as fascism, sexual perversion, and the occult.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Serbian rock is the rock music scene of Serbia.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ During the 1960s, 1970s and the 1980s, while Serbia was a constituent republic of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Serbian rock scene was a part of the SFR Yugoslav rock scene.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was not an Eastern Bloc country, but a member of the Non-Aligned Movement and as such, it was far more opened to the Western culture comparing to the other socialist countries.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll reached Yugoslavia via foreign radio stations, most notably Radio Luxemburg, and rock and roll records, brought in from the West.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll influences reached schlager singers, most notably Đorđe Marjanović, who released the first popular music solo album in Serbia, in 1959.", "Skinny Puppy __knowledge__ Skinny Puppy is a Canadian industrial music group formed in Vancouver, British Columbia in 1982.", "Skinny Puppy __knowledge__ The group is widely considered to be one of the founders of the electro-industrial genre.", "Skinny Puppy __knowledge__ Initially envisioned as an experimental side project by cEvin Key (Kevin Crompton) while he was in the new wave band Images in Vogue, Skinny Puppy evolved into a full-time project with the addition of vocalist Nivek Ogre (Kevin Ogilvie).", "Skinny Puppy __knowledge__ Over the course of a dozen studio albums and many live tours, Key and Ogre have been the only constant members.", "Skinny Puppy __knowledge__ Other members have included Dwayne Goettel (1986–1995), Dave \"Rave\" Ogilvie (long-time associate, producer, and \"unofficial\" fourth member until 1995), Mark Walk (2003–present), and a number of guests, including Bill Leeb (1985–1986, under the pseudonym Wilhelm Schroeder), Al Jourgensen (1989), and many others." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "SexyBack __knowledge__ \"SexyBack\" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Justin Timberlake for his second studio album, \"FutureSex/LoveSounds\" (2006).", "SexyBack __knowledge__ It was released on July 18, 2006, to US mainstream and rhythmic radio stations by Jive Records as the lead single from the album.", "SexyBack __knowledge__ The song was written and produced by Nate Hills, Tim Mosley, and Timberlake himself.", "SexyBack __knowledge__ Discussing \"SexyBack\", Timberlake revealed that he went \"left\", singing the song in a rock style, not an R&B style.", "SexyBack __knowledge__ He described the song as musicians David Bowie and David Byrne \"covering\" James Brown's 1970 song \"Sex Machine\".", "SexyBack __knowledge__ The track features Timbaland (who is credited on the album but not the single itself) while Timberlake's voice is distorted.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken was a band from Melbourne, Australia, which formed in 1999 and disbanded in 2007.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were one of Australia's most well-known ska bands and one of the most popular Christian bands in the country.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were signed to Boomtown Records.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken's musical style included a blend of Ska, Hardcore, Reggae & Rock.The band placed a high emphasis on touring and were known for their \"high energy\" live performances.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken shared stages and toured with such bands, including Reel Big Fish, Mad Caddies, Crowned King, Hilltop Hoods, Kisschasy, Area-7, Gyroscope, Bodyjar, 28 Days, Killing Heidi, The O.C.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "XTC __knowledge__ XTC were an English rock band formed in Swindon in 1972 and active until 2006.", "XTC __knowledge__ Led by songwriters Andy Partridge and Colin Moulding, the band gained popularity during the rise of punk and new wave in the 1970s, later playing in a variety of styles that ranged from angular guitar riffs to elaborately arranged pop.", "XTC __knowledge__ Partly because the group did not fit into contemporary trends, they failed to maintain commercial success in the UK and US.", "XTC __knowledge__ They have since attracted a considerable cult following, and are recognised for their influence on Britpop and later power pop acts.", "XTC __knowledge__ Partridge (guitar, vocals) and Moulding (bass, vocals) met at a record store in the early 1970s and subsequently formed a glitter rock outfit with drummer Terry Chambers.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The following is an alphabetical list of the minor characters in the various versions of \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", by Douglas Adams.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The descriptions of the characters are accompanied by information on details about appearances and references to the characters.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Major characters— Arthur Dent, Ford Prefect, Zaphod Beeblebrox, Marvin the Paranoid Android, Trillian, and Slartibartfast—are separately described.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Lists are also available for places in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", races and species in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", technology in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", phrases from \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", and cast lists for \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\".", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ The Chemistry Set are a cult London psychedelic band.", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ Composed of veterans of the late 1980s neo-psychedelic boom, the group received regular airplay on John Peel's show, were covered in the mainstream and underground music press and appeared on Tony Wilson's BBC2 television show, \"100%\".", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ The original line up consisted of Ashley Wood (rhythm guitar/vocals), Paul Lake (lead guitar/vocals), Henry Taprell (bass) and Dave McLean (drums/vocals) with Neil Pond (Harmonica and percussion) joining them both onstage and in the studio.", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ Wood and Lake had previously played in school bands for a number of years having met at secondary school in south east London.", "Sweet Dreams (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Sweet Dreams\" is a song by American singer Beyoncé from her third studio album \"I Am... Sasha Fierce\" (2008).", "Sweet Dreams (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ Originally titled \"Beautiful Nightmare\", it leaked online in March 2008.", "Sweet Dreams (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ The song was written and produced by Beyoncé, James Scheffer, Wayne Wilkins, and Rico Love.", "Sweet Dreams (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ Columbia Records released \"Sweet Dreams\", the album's sixth single, to mainstream radio and rhythmic contemporary radio playlists in the United States on June 2, 2009, and elsewhere on July 13.", "Sweet Dreams (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ It is an electropop song whose instrumentation includes synthesizers, a keyboard, and snare drums.", "Sweet Dreams (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ Knowles employs slinky vocals to sing the haunting lyrics, which describe a romantic relationship that the female protagonist believes could be a dream.", "Industrial music __knowledge__ Industrial music is a genre of electronic music which draws on harsh, transgressive or provocative sounds and themes.", "Industrial music __knowledge__ It was largely pioneered in the United Kingdom and the United States city of Chicago.", "Industrial music __knowledge__ The term was coined in the mid-1970s with the founding of Industrial Records by members of Throbbing Gristle and Monte Cazazza.", "Industrial music __knowledge__ AllMusic defines industrial music as the \"most abrasive and aggressive fusion of rock and electronic music\"; \"initially a blend of avant-garde electronics experiments (tape music, musique concrète, white noise, synthesizers, sequencers, etc.)", "Industrial music __knowledge__ and punk provocation\".", "Industrial music __knowledge__ The first industrial artists experimented with noise and aesthetically controversial topics, musically and visually, such as fascism, sexual perversion, and the occult.", "List of industrial music genres __knowledge__ Industrial music is a form of experimental and electronic music which emerged in the 1970s.", "List of industrial music genres __knowledge__ After 1980, industrial splintered into a range of offshoots, sometimes collectively named post-industrial music.", "List of industrial music genres __knowledge__ This list details some of these offshoots, including fusions with other electronic and experimental genres as well as rock, folk, and hip hop.", "List of industrial music genres __knowledge__ Industrial genres have spread worldwide and are particularly well represented in North America, Europe, and Japan.", "List of industrial music genres __knowledge__ Industrial music comprises many styles of experimental music, including many forms of electronic music.", "List of industrial music genres __knowledge__ The term was coined in the mid-1970s for Industrial Records artists.", "Popular music of Birmingham __knowledge__ Birmingham's culture of popular music first developed in the mid-1950s.", "Popular music of Birmingham __knowledge__ By the early 1960s the city's music scene had emerged as one of the largest and most vibrant in the country; a \"seething cauldron of musical activity\", with over 500 bands constantly exchanging members and performing regularly across a well-developed network of venues and promoters.", "Popular music of Birmingham __knowledge__ By 1963 the city's music was also already becoming recognised for what would become its defining characteristic: the refusal of its musicians to conform to any single style or genre.", "Popular music of Birmingham __knowledge__ Birmingham's tradition of combining a highly collaborative culture with an open acceptance of individualism and experimentation dates back as far back as the 18th century, and musically this has expressed itself in the wide variety of music produced within the city, often by closely related groups of musicians, from the \"rampant eclecticism\" of the Brum beat era, to the city's \"infamously fragmented\" post-punk scene, to the \"astonishing range\" of distinctive and radical electronic music produced in the city from the 1980s to the early 21st century.", "Industrial metal __knowledge__ Industrial metal is the fusion of heavy metal music and industrial music, typically employing repeating metal guitar riffs, sampling, synthesizer or sequencer lines, and distorted vocals.", "Industrial metal __knowledge__ Founding industrial metal acts include Ministry, Godflesh, KMFDM, and Rammstein.", "Industrial metal __knowledge__ Industrial metal developed in the late 1980s, as industrial and metal began to fuse into a common genre.", "Industrial metal __knowledge__ In the early years of the 21st century, groups from the black metal scene began to incorporate elements of industrial music.", "Industrial metal __knowledge__ Industrial metal did well in the early 1990s, particularly in North America, with the success of groups such as Nine Inch Nails.", "Post-punk __knowledge__ Post-punk (originally called new musick) is a broad type of rock music that emerged from the punk movement of the 1970s, in which artists departed from the simplicity and traditionalism of punk rock to adopt a variety of avant-garde sensibilities.", "Post-punk __knowledge__ Inspired by punk's energy and DIY ethic but determined to break from rock cliches, artists experimented diversely with sources including electronic music and black styles like funk, disco, dub and free jazz; novel recording and production techniques; and ideas from art and politics, including critical theory, modernist art and literature.", "Post-punk __knowledge__ Communities that produced independent record labels, visual art, multimedia performances and fanzines developed around these pioneering musical scenes, which coalesced in cities such as London, New York, Manchester, and San Francisco.", "List of industrial music festivals __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of industrial music festivals, which encapsulates music festivals focused on industrial music.", "List of industrial music festivals __knowledge__ The list may have some overlap with list of electronic music festivals, list of gothic festivals, and list of heavy metal festivals.", "List of industrial music festivals __knowledge__ Industrial music is a genre of experimental music that draws on transgressive and provocative themes.", "List of industrial music festivals __knowledge__ The term was coined in the mid-1970s, and precursors included acts such as electronic group Kraftwerk, experimental rock acts such as The Velvet Underground and Frank Zappa, psychedelic rock artists such as Jimi Hendrix, and composers such as John Cage.", "Electronic music __knowledge__ Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments, digital instruments and circuitry-based music technology.", "Electronic music __knowledge__ In general, a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means (electroacoustic music), and that produced using electronics only.", "Electronic music __knowledge__ Electromechanical instruments include mechanical elements, such as strings, hammers, and so on, and electric elements, such as magnetic pickups, power amplifiers and loudspeakers.", "Electronic music __knowledge__ Examples of electromechanical sound producing devices include the telharmonium, Hammond organ, and the electric guitar, which are typically made loud enough for performers and audiences to hear with an instrument amplifier and speaker cabinet." ] ]

[ 1, 18, 60, 60 ]

[ "I play a lot of guitar but I think I sleep just as much. They're my two favorite hobbies.", "I really like Nothing Records. It's an American record label, they specialize in industrial rock and electronic music. It's my favorite kinds of music.", "Industrial music is electronic music genre, consisting of harsh , transgressive or kind of provocative sounds.", "There is for example industrial metal, like Ministry, Godflesh, KMFDM or Rammstein." ]

[ "Guitar", "Guitar", "Guitar", "Guitar" ]

[ "Kayaking", "No, actually, I never have. Have you?", "Oh wow. I wonder which kind would be the safest. One of my fears would be flipping over and not being able to get out." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaking is the use of a kayak for moving across water.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ It is distinguished from canoeing by the sitting position of the paddler and the number of blades on the paddle.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ A kayak is a low-to-the-water, canoe-like boat in which the paddler sits facing forward, legs in front, using a double-bladed paddle to pull front-to-back on one side and then the other in rotation.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Most kayaks have closed decks, although sit-on-top and inflatable kayaks are growing in popularity as well.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaks were created thousands of years ago by the Inuit, formerly known as Eskimos, of the northern Arctic regions.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ They used driftwood and sometimes the skeleton of whale, to construct the frame of the kayak, and animal skin, particularly seal skin was used to create the body.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The main purpose for creating the kayak, which literally translates to \"hunter's boat\" was for hunting and fishing.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The kayak's stealth capabilities, allowed for the hunter to sneak up behind animals on the shoreline, and successfully catch their prey.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ By the mid-1800s the kayak became increasingly popular and the Europeans became interested.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ German and French men began kayaking for sport.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ In 1931, a man named Adolf Anderle became the first person to kayak down the Salzachofen Gorge, this is where the birthplace of modern-day white-water kayaking is believed to have begun." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaking is the use of a kayak for moving across water.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ It is distinguished from canoeing by the sitting position of the paddler and the number of blades on the paddle.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ A kayak is a low-to-the-water, canoe-like boat in which the paddler sits facing forward, legs in front, using a double-bladed paddle to pull front-to-back on one side and then the other in rotation.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Most kayaks have closed decks, although sit-on-top and inflatable kayaks are growing in popularity as well.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaks were created thousands of years ago by the Inuit, formerly known as Eskimos, of the northern Arctic regions.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ They used driftwood and sometimes the skeleton of whale, to construct the frame of the kayak, and animal skin, particularly seal skin was used to create the body.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The main purpose for creating the kayak, which literally translates to \"hunter's boat\" was for hunting and fishing.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The kayak's stealth capabilities, allowed for the hunter to sneak up behind animals on the shoreline, and successfully catch their prey.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ By the mid-1800s the kayak became increasingly popular and the Europeans became interested.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ German and French men began kayaking for sport.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ In 1931, a man named Adolf Anderle became the first person to kayak down the Salzachofen Gorge, this is where the birthplace of modern-day white-water kayaking is believed to have begun.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the animated series \"Kim Possible\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kimberly Ann \"Kim\" Possible is a crime fighter and high school cheerleading captain who saves the world on a regular basis while dealing with the normal challenges of being a teenager, such as winning cheer competitions, turning in her homework on time, and maintaining a love life.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Her name is a play on the word \"impossible.\"", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kim has known Ron Stoppable, her sidekick for most missions, since preschool.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ She has also completed missions with Wade, Monique, her brothers, and even her mother.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ In season four, Kim and Ron end up developing romantic feelings for each other and begin dating during their senior year.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "List of Santa Barbara cast and characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Santa Barbara\" cast and characters.", "List of Santa Barbara cast and characters __knowledge__ The following characters are notable for their actions or relationships and/or part of a notable family from the series, who warrant their own articles.", "List of Santa Barbara cast and characters __knowledge__ The following are notable characters who do not warrant their own articles.", "List of Santa Barbara cast and characters __knowledge__ \"Rupert Ravens (July 30, 1984-November 28, 1986)\" Danny, Santana's younger brother, was part of the very first teen set on the show.", "List of Santa Barbara cast and characters __knowledge__ Danny and his friends sought fame in Hollywood and even opened a hotel.", "List of Santa Barbara cast and characters __knowledge__ He was involved with Jade Perkins, but their relationship was eventually phased out.", "List of Santa Barbara cast and characters __knowledge__ By 1985 Danny was almost forgotten.", "Kayak __knowledge__ A kayak is a small, narrow watercraft which is propelled by means of a double-bladed paddle.", "Kayak __knowledge__ The word kayak originates from the Greenlandic word \"qajaq\" ().", "Kayak __knowledge__ The traditional kayak has a covered deck and one or more cockpits, each seating one paddler.", "Kayak __knowledge__ The cockpit is sometimes covered by a spray deck that prevents the entry of water from waves or spray and makes it possible for suitably skilled kayakers to roll the kayak: that is, to capsize and right it without it filling with water or ejecting the paddler. ]", "Kayak __knowledge__ Some modern boats vary considerably from a traditional design but still claim the title \"kayak\", for instance in eliminating the cockpit by seating the paddler on top of the boat (\"sit-on-top\" kayaks); having inflated air chambers surrounding the boat; replacing the single hull by twin hulls, and replacing paddles with other human-powered propulsion methods, such as foot-powered rotational propellers and \"flippers\".", "Whitewater kayaking __knowledge__ Whitewater kayaking is the sport of paddling a kayak on a moving body of water, typically a whitewater river.", "Whitewater kayaking __knowledge__ Whitewater kayaking can range from active, moving water, to demanding, extreme whitewater.", "Whitewater kayaking __knowledge__ Paddling on rivers, lakes and oceans is as old as the Stone Age.", "Whitewater kayaking __knowledge__ The raft, the catamaran, the canoe and the kayak evolved depending on the needs and environment of the indigenous peoples in different parts of the world.", "Whitewater kayaking __knowledge__ The modern day kayak most likely originated about 8,000 years ago along the Siberian coast line by the Yupik and then transformed from the open canoe, via the Aleut and Inuit, into an enclosed kayak.", "Playboating __knowledge__ Playboating is a discipline of whitewater kayaking or canoeing where the paddler performs various technical moves in one place (a playspot), as opposed to downriver whitewater canoeing or kayaking where the objective is to travel the length of a section of river (although whitewater paddlers will often stop and play en route).", "Playboating __knowledge__ Specialised canoes or kayaks (boats) known as playboats are often used, but any boat can be used for playing.", "Playboating __knowledge__ The moves and tricks are often similar to those performed by snowboarders, surfers or skaters, where the athlete completes spins, flips, turns, etc.", "Playboating __knowledge__ With modern playboats it is possible to get the kayak and the paddler completely airborne while performing tricks.", "Surf kayaking __knowledge__ Surf kayaking is the sport, technique, and equipment, used in surfing ocean waves with kayaks.", "Surf kayaking __knowledge__ Surf kayaking has many similarities to surf board surfing, but with boats designed for use in surf zones, and with a paddle.", "Surf kayaking __knowledge__ A number of kayak designs are used, but all are aimed at better using the waves to propel the craft.", "Surf kayaking __knowledge__ Surf kayaking is popular in many areas frequented by surf board surfers.", "Surf kayaking __knowledge__ The sport has grown in popularity over the last decades, in pace with the rise of sea kayaking, and modern materials and techniques.", "Surf kayaking __knowledge__ There are a number of speciality surf kayak designs available.", "Surf kayaking __knowledge__ They are often equipped with up to four fins with a three fin thruster set up being the most common.", "Sea kayak __knowledge__ A sea kayak or touring kayak is a kayak developed for the sport of paddling on open waters of lakes, bays, and the ocean.", "Sea kayak __knowledge__ Sea kayaks are seaworthy small boats with a covered deck and the ability to incorporate a spray deck.", "Sea kayak __knowledge__ They trade off the maneuverability of whitewater kayaks for higher cruising speed, cargo capacity, ease of straight-line paddling, and comfort for long journeys.", "Sea kayak __knowledge__ Sea kayaks are used around the world for marine (sea) journeys from a few hours to many weeks, as they can accommodate one to three paddlers together with room for camping gear, food, water, and other supplies.", "Sea kayak __knowledge__ A sea kayak usually ranges anywhere from for solo craft, and up to for tandem craft.", "Outline of canoeing and kayaking __knowledge__ The following outline is provided as an overview of canoeing and kayaking: Canoeing – recreational boating activity or paddle sport in which you kneel or sit facing forward in an open or closed-decked canoe, and propel yourself with a single-bladed paddle, under your own power.", "Outline of canoeing and kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaking – use of a kayak for moving across water.", "Outline of canoeing and kayaking __knowledge__ It is distinguished from canoeing by the sitting position of the paddler and the number of blades on the paddle.", "Outline of canoeing and kayaking __knowledge__ A kayak is a boat where the paddler faces forward, legs in front, using a double-bladed paddle.", "Outline of canoeing and kayaking __knowledge__ Most kayaks have closed decks.", "Outline of canoeing and kayaking __knowledge__ Some of the many popular uses of canoes and kayaks include: Differences between a canoe and a kayak: Materials used in modern designs – modern kayaks are usually made from Rotationally Molded Plastic (Rotomold), Fiberglass or Kevlar, each of which has advantages and disadvantages." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaking is the use of a kayak for moving across water.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ It is distinguished from canoeing by the sitting position of the paddler and the number of blades on the paddle.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ A kayak is a low-to-the-water, canoe-like boat in which the paddler sits facing forward, legs in front, using a double-bladed paddle to pull front-to-back on one side and then the other in rotation.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Most kayaks have closed decks, although sit-on-top and inflatable kayaks are growing in popularity as well.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaks were created thousands of years ago by the Inuit, formerly known as Eskimos, of the northern Arctic regions.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ They used driftwood and sometimes the skeleton of whale, to construct the frame of the kayak, and animal skin, particularly seal skin was used to create the body.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The main purpose for creating the kayak, which literally translates to \"hunter's boat\" was for hunting and fishing.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The kayak's stealth capabilities, allowed for the hunter to sneak up behind animals on the shoreline, and successfully catch their prey.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ By the mid-1800s the kayak became increasingly popular and the Europeans became interested.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ German and French men began kayaking for sport.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ In 1931, a man named Adolf Anderle became the first person to kayak down the Salzachofen Gorge, this is where the birthplace of modern-day white-water kayaking is believed to have begun.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ The songwriting of American musician Brian Wilson, co-founder and multi-tasking leader of the Beach Boys, is widely considered to be among the most innovative and significant of the late 20th century.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ His combined arranging, producing, and songwriting skills also made him a major innovator in the field of music production.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ In a 1966 article that asks \"Do the Beach Boys rely too much on sound genius Brian?\"", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ brother and bandmate Carl Wilson said that every member of the group contributes ideas, that Brian was most responsible for their music.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ Dennis Wilson said: \"Brian Wilson \"is\" the Beach Boys.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "Structural information theory __knowledge__ Structural information theory (SIT) is a theory about human perception and in particular about visual perceptual organization, which is the neuro-cognitive process that enables us to perceive scenes as structured wholes consisting of objects arranged in space.", "Structural information theory __knowledge__ It has been applied to a wide range of research topics, mostly in visual form perception but also in, for instance, visual ergonomics, data visualization, and music perception.", "Structural information theory __knowledge__ SIT began as a quantitative model of visual pattern classification.", "Structural information theory __knowledge__ Nowadays, it includes quantitative models of symmetry perception and amodal completion, and is theoretically sustained by a perceptually adequate formalization of visual regularity, a quantitative account of viewpoint dependencies, and a powerful form of neurocomputation.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "Inflatable __knowledge__ An inflatable is an object that can be inflated with a gas, usually with air, but hydrogen, helium and nitrogen are also used.", "Inflatable __knowledge__ One of several advantages of an inflatable is that it can be stored in a small space when not inflated, since inflatables depend on the presence of a gas to maintain their size and shape.", "Inflatable __knowledge__ Function fulfillment per mass used compared with non-inflatable strategies is a key advantage.", "Inflatable __knowledge__ Stadium cushions, impact guards, vehicle wheel inner tubes, emergency air bags, and inflatable space structures employ the inflatable principle.", "Inflatable __knowledge__ Inflation occurs through several strategies: pumps, ram-air, billowing, and suction.", "Kayak __knowledge__ A kayak is a small, narrow watercraft which is propelled by means of a double-bladed paddle.", "Kayak __knowledge__ The word kayak originates from the Greenlandic word \"qajaq\" ().", "Kayak __knowledge__ The traditional kayak has a covered deck and one or more cockpits, each seating one paddler.", "Kayak __knowledge__ The cockpit is sometimes covered by a spray deck that prevents the entry of water from waves or spray and makes it possible for suitably skilled kayakers to roll the kayak: that is, to capsize and right it without it filling with water or ejecting the paddler. ]", "Kayak __knowledge__ Some modern boats vary considerably from a traditional design but still claim the title \"kayak\", for instance in eliminating the cockpit by seating the paddler on top of the boat (\"sit-on-top\" kayaks); having inflated air chambers surrounding the boat; replacing the single hull by twin hulls, and replacing paddles with other human-powered propulsion methods, such as foot-powered rotational propellers and \"flippers\".", "Inflatable boat __knowledge__ An inflatable boat is a lightweight boat constructed with its sides and bow made of flexible tubes containing pressurised gas.", "Inflatable boat __knowledge__ For smaller boats, the floor and hull is often flexible, while for boats longer than , the floor typically consists of three to five rigid plywood or aluminium sheets fixed between the tubes, but not joined rigidly together.", "Inflatable boat __knowledge__ Often the transom is rigid, providing a location and structure for mounting an outboard motor.", "Inflatable boat __knowledge__ Some inflatable boats can be disassembled and packed into a small volume, so that they can be easily stored and transported.", "Inflatable boat __knowledge__ The boat, when inflated, is kept rigid cross-ways by a foldable removable thwart." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 7 ]

[ "Have you ever been kayaking, the use of a kayak for moving across the water.", "I've thought about it once - LOL! I know there are different kinds like sit on top and inflatable that are popular.", "I do not like those versions, that's why the sit-on-top appeals to me. Their main purpose used to be for hunting and fishing." ]

[ "Kayaking", "Kayaking", "Kayaking" ]

[ "Hiking\nI love hiking, it's so relaxing. Do you enjoy it as well?", "Oh really, do they call it something else in other parts of the world?", "Wow that's weird, it seems so obvious they're different things to me. Do you know what they call hiking in New Zealand?", "That just sounds completely silly to me. I like to hike around nearby trails, what about you?", "That makes sense, it's much easier to do a day hike than an overnight one." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Elemental Gelade __knowledge__ The manga series has been adapted into an anime television series produced by Xebec, two light novels, two video games for the PlayStation 2 and Game Boy Advance and four drama CDs.", "Elemental Gelade __knowledge__ The anime ended after 26 episodes.", "Elemental Gelade __knowledge__ The manga ended in 2009.", "Elemental Gelade __knowledge__ Prior to the original broadcast of the anime on TV Tokyo on April 5, 2005, both the manga and anime were licensed by Tokyopop and Geneon Entertainment, respectively for North American distribution.", "Elemental Gelade __knowledge__ The announcement was made even after ADV announced they acquired licensing rights for both manga and anime a year before.", "Elemental Gelade __knowledge__ The tale of \"Elemental Gelade\" is set in the world of Guardia where beings called Edel Raids co-exist with humans.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Hangang Park __knowledge__ Hangang Park (Korean: 한강공원) is a park in Seoul, South Korea.", "Hangang Park __knowledge__ It is made up of 12 parks, which is Gwangnaru Park, Jamsil Park, Ttukseom Park, Jamwon Park, Ichon Park, Banpo Park, Mangwon Park, Yeouido Park, Nanji Park, Gangseo Park, Yanghwa Park, and Seonyudo Park.", "Hangang Park __knowledge__ Hangang Park was built from 1982 to 1986, with the government's launch of the Hangang River Development Project.", "Hangang Park __knowledge__ The main goal of the project was to create an environmently friendly space that the citizens of Seoul, Koreans, foreigners and tourist can enjoy.", "Hangang Park __knowledge__ While building the Hangang Park, a section of Hangang, 41.5km long and 39.9km large, turned into a river of 2.5m of average depth and 1km of average width.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Diane Youdale __knowledge__ Diane Patricia Youdale (born 13 February 1970) is an English television personality, who is best known for her role as \"Jet\" on the television series \"Gladiators.\"", "Diane Youdale __knowledge__ Born in Middlesbrough to an astronomer father, Youdale grew up in the nearby town of Billingham, where she studied at the Billingham Campus School.", "Diane Youdale __knowledge__ Youdale competed in gymnast events and was North of England Junior Gymnastics Champion for four years.", "Diane Youdale __knowledge__ One of her first television appearances was in the 1983 Thames Television show Junior Gymnast of the Year, where she finished in fifth place with 32.70 points.", "Diane Youdale __knowledge__ She acted with the National Youth Theatre.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ Hiking in Kosovo started with establishment of the first hiking association in 1928, and it continued with creation of different association all around the territory which was then part of Yugoslavia.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ After the Kosovo War a lot was done also by the support of the societies such as: HikingNjeri which have worked hard to not only organize activities, but also to expose hiking to the general public via social media.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ Hiking as an activity started in its true sense circa 1930, the year in which a group of friends climbed the Gjeravica mountain in Peć.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ This was the first time that a peak in Kosovo was climbed (there is no evidence of that)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Something Else (Tech N9ne album) __knowledge__ Something Else is the thirteenth studio album by American rapper Tech N9ne.", "Something Else (Tech N9ne album) __knowledge__ It was released on July 30, 2013, by Strange Music and RBC Records.", "Something Else (Tech N9ne album) __knowledge__ The album has broken up into three portions – Earth, Water & Fire.", "Something Else (Tech N9ne album) __knowledge__ Production on the album was handled during 2012 to 2013, primarily by frequent collaborator Seven, among others such as Young Fyre, Drumma Boy, and Fredwreck.", "Something Else (Tech N9ne album) __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances from B.o.B, Big K.R.I.T., CeeLo Green, The Doors, The Game, Kendrick Lamar, Serj Tankian, T-Pain, Trae tha Truth and Wiz Khalifa, among others including several artists from Tech N9ne's Strange Music imprint.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Blaine Devon Anderson is a fictional character from the American musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\".", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Played by Darren Criss, Blaine was introduced in the sixth episode of the second season as the openly gay lead singer of the Dalton Academy Warblers, a rival show choir to New Directions, the show's primary musical group.", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Blaine initially served as a mentor for New Directions member Kurt Hummel (Chris Colfer).", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Chemistry between the two, combined with fan support for the couple, led series co-creator Ryan Murphy to pair them romantically.", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Their relationship has been well received by critics, and they have been named \"one of the most beloved TV couples of the millennium\" by Jarett Wieselman of the \"New York Post\".", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The Monkees are an American rock and pop band originally active between 1965 and 1971, with subsequent reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ They were formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider for the American television series \"The Monkees\", which aired from 1966 to 1968.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The musical acting quartet was composed of Americans Micky Dolenz, Michael Nesmith and Peter Tork and British stage and television actor and singer Davy Jones.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The band's music was initially supervised by producer Don Kirshner, backed by the songwriting duo of Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart.", "Trail __knowledge__ A trail is usually a path, track or unpaved lane or road.", "Trail __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland path or footpath is the preferred term for a walking trail.", "Trail __knowledge__ The term is also applied, in North America, to routes along rivers, and sometimes to highways.", "Trail __knowledge__ In the US, the term was historically used for a route into or through wild territory used by emigrants (e.g.", "Trail __knowledge__ the Oregon Trail).", "Trail __knowledge__ Some trails are single use and can only be used for walking, cycling, horse riding, snowshoeing, and cross-country skiing; others, as in the case of a bridleway in the UK, are multi-use, and can be used by walkers, cyclists and equestrians.", "Native American name controversy __knowledge__ The Native American name controversy is an ongoing discussion about the changing terminology used by indigenous peoples of the Americas to describe themselves, as well as how they prefer to be referred to by others.", "Native American name controversy __knowledge__ Preferred terms vary primarily by region and age.", "Native American name controversy __knowledge__ As indigenous people and communities are diverse, there is no consensus on naming, aside from the fact that most people prefer to be referred to by their specific nation or tribe (terms which are themselves contentious).", "Native American name controversy __knowledge__ When discussing broad groups of peoples, naming may be based on shared language, region, or historical relationship, such as \"Algonquin-speaking peoples\", \"Pueblo-dwelling peoples\", \"Plains Indians\" or \"LDN peoples\" (Lakota, Dakota and Nakota peoples).", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The culmination of multiple years of debate and planning after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown constitutional accords, the referendum was launched solely by the provincial Parti Québécois government of Jacques Parizeau.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ Despite initial predictions of a heavy sovereignist defeat, an eventful and complex campaign followed, with the \"Yes\" side flourishing after being taken over by charismatic Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Chris Cornell (born Christopher John Boyle; July 20, 1964 – May 18, 2017) was an American musician, singer, and songwriter.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ He was best known as the lead vocalist for the rock bands Soundgarden and Audioslave.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell was also known for his numerous solo works and soundtrack contributions since 1991, and as the founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog, the one-off tribute band dedicated to his late friend Andrew Wood.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell is considered one of the chief architects of the 1990s grunge movement, and is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter, his nearly four-octave vocal range, and his powerful vocal belting technique.", "David Campese __knowledge__ David Ian Campese, AM (born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and held the world record for the most tries in test matches (64) until Daisuke Ohata scored his 65th try playing for Japan on 14 May 2006.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese made his debut for the Wallabies on the 1982 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, during which he scored a try in his first two Tests.", "David Campese __knowledge__ In 1983, he equaled the then record for most tries in a Test match for Australia against the USA, scoring four tries.", "David Campese __knowledge__ He was a member of the Eighth Wallabies for the 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland that won rugby union's \"grand slam\", the first Australian side to defeat all four home nations, England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland, on a tour.", "Qualia __knowledge__ In philosophy and certain models of psychology, qualia ( or ; singular form: quale) are claimed to be individual instances of subjective, conscious experience.", "Qualia __knowledge__ The term \"qualia\" derives from the Latin neuter plural form (\"qualia\") of the Latin adjective \"quālis\" () meaning \"of what sort\" or \"of what kind\" in a specific instance like \"what is it like to taste a specific orange, this particular orange now\".", "Qualia __knowledge__ Examples of qualia include the perceived sensation of pain of a headache, the taste of wine, as well as the redness of an evening sky.", "Qualia __knowledge__ As qualitative characters of sensation, qualia stand in contrast to \"propositional attitudes\", where the focus is on beliefs about experience rather than what is it directly like to be experiencing.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ Alfred Matthew \"Weird Al\" Yankovic ( ; born October 23, 1959) is an American singer, songwriter, parodist, record producer, satirist, actor, voice actor, music video director, film producer, and author.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ He is known for his humorous songs that make light of popular culture and often parody specific songs by contemporary musical acts, original songs that are style pastiches of the work of other acts, and polka medleys of several popular songs, featuring his favored instrument, the accordion.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ Since his first-aired comedy song in 1976, he has sold more than 12 million albums (), recorded more than 150 parody and original songs, and has performed more than 1,000 live shows.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Maad Semou Njekeh Joof __knowledge__ Maad Semou Njekeh Joof (English spelling the Gambia.", "Maad Semou Njekeh Joof __knowledge__ Variations: Maad Semou Djiké Diouf - French spelling in Senegal, Bour Sémou Djiké Diouf, Buur Sémou Djiké Diouf, Semou Njiké, Maat Semou Ndiké Diouf, etc.)", "Maad Semou Njekeh Joof __knowledge__ was a member of the Joof Dynasty of the Kingdom of Sine now part of independent Senegal.", "Maad Semou Njekeh Joof __knowledge__ \"Maad\" or Maad a Sinig means king of Sine in the Serer language.", "Maad Semou Njekeh Joof __knowledge__ He was the founder of the Royal House of Semou Njekeh Joof, founded in the early eighteenth century.", "Maad Semou Njekeh Joof __knowledge__ His royal house was the third and last royal house founded by the Joof family of Sine and Saloum.", "Maad Semou Njekeh Joof __knowledge__ Since its foundation, at least seven kings of Sine from his royal house had succeeded to the throne including his son Maad a Sine Boukar Tjilas Sanghaie Joof.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "Steve Howe (musician) __knowledge__ Stephen James Howe (born 8 April 1947) is an English musician, songwriter and producer, best known as the guitarist in the rock band Yes across three stints since 1970.", "Steve Howe (musician) __knowledge__ Born in Holloway, North London, Howe developed an interest in the guitar and began to learn the instrument himself at age 12.", "Steve Howe (musician) __knowledge__ He embarked on a music career in 1964, first playing in several London-based blues, covers, and psychedelic rock bands for six years, including the Syndicats, Tomorrow, and Bodast.", "Steve Howe (musician) __knowledge__ Upon joining Yes in 1970, Howe helped to establish the band's change in sound, a change that led to their commercial and critical success.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from Happy Tree Friends.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ There are 27 main characters, and some other supporting characters.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ To celebrate the 10th anniversary of the series in 2010, the creators of the show announced that there would be one more character added to Happy Tree Friends in the near future.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ The candidates were a sheep/lamb named Lammy and a pig named Truffles.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ The voting took place during the month of March 2010, and the winner was Lammy, who have featured in most of the latest episodes.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ Even though Truffles lost the vote, he still cameos in some episodes.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ Cuddles is a laser yellow male rabbit with pink cheeks, or a blush along with pink bunny slippers.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ Toro Negro State Forest (Spanish: \"Bosque Estatal de Toro Negro\") is one of the 21 forests that make up the public forests system in Puerto Rico.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ It is also Puerto Rico's highest cloud forest.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ It is located in the Cordillera Central region of the island and covers , of mountains.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ Toro Negro's mountains have heights reaching up to and include Cerro de Punta, Cerro Jayuya and Cerro Rosa, the three highest peaks in the island.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ Nested among these mountains is Lake Guineo, the island's highest lake.", "Toro Negro State Forest __knowledge__ The forest has of trails, an observation tower, two natural swimming pools (Spanish:\"\"charcos\"\"), camping and picnic areas, nine rivers, and numerous creeks and waterfalls.", "Owasippe Scout Reservation __knowledge__ Owasippe Scout Reservation (OSR), located in Twin Lake, Michigan is the resident camp operated by the Pathway to Adventure Council (formerly Chicago Area Council) of Boy Scouts of America.", "Owasippe Scout Reservation __knowledge__ It began in 1911 as Camp White on of land on Crystal Lake donated by the White Lake Chamber of Commerce.", "Owasippe Scout Reservation __knowledge__ It is the United States' oldest and longest continuously operating Boy Scout camp.", "Owasippe Scout Reservation __knowledge__ At its peak of use the reservation covered 11,000 acres (45 km²) and served over 10,000 Scouts per summer, but the overall decline in Scouting nationwide has seen yearly attendance fall to approximately 3,800 campers.", "Owasippe Scout Reservation __knowledge__ Previous property consolidations has left the camp at 4,800 acres (19 km²) in size, and the council was attempting to sell the camp but met with stiff resistance from the local community, Scouts, leaders, families, and staff alumni.", "Tourism in Ecuador __knowledge__ Ecuador is a country with vast natural and cultural wealth.", "Tourism in Ecuador __knowledge__ The diversity of its four regions has resulted in hundreds of thousands of species of flora and fauna.", "Tourism in Ecuador __knowledge__ It has about 1640 species of birds.", "Tourism in Ecuador __knowledge__ The species of butterflies line the 4,500, the 345 reptiles, 358 amphibians and 258 mammals, among others.", "Tourism in Ecuador __knowledge__ Ecuador is considered one of the 17 countries where the greatest biodiversity of the planet is concentrated.", "Tourism in Ecuador __knowledge__ Most of its flora and fauna live in 26 areas protected by the State.", "Tourism in Ecuador __knowledge__ It also offers historical attractions such as Quito, food and a variety of cultures and traditions.", "Tourism in Ecuador __knowledge__ Ecuador is crossed from north to south by a volcanic section of Andes 70  volcanos, being the higher the Chimborazo, with 6310 m West of the Andes is the Gulf of Guayaquil and a wooded plain; at east, the Amazon.", "Robotech: Prelude to the Shadow Chronicles __knowledge__ Robotech: Prelude to the Shadow Chronicles is a five-part comic book mini-series written by Tommy Yune along with the Waltrip brothers, who were previously the art-and-writing team of the \"\" comic series.", "Robotech: Prelude to the Shadow Chronicles __knowledge__ It was published under DC Comics' Wildstorm imprint.", "Robotech: Prelude to the Shadow Chronicles __knowledge__ It bridges the gap between \"The Sentinels\" and the new movie \"\", and also features characters from the \"Robotech Masters\" Saga.", "Robotech: Prelude to the Shadow Chronicles __knowledge__ The series is important, in that it provides an explanation and deepened background for many of the events seen on screen in the movie, and clears up many apparent contradictions within the original animation.", "Robotech: Prelude to the Shadow Chronicles __knowledge__ The story of \"Prelude to the Shadow Chronicles\" focuses on the betrayal of the Robotech Expeditionary Force by T. R. Edwards, as he defects to the side of the Invid Regent.", "Riding Mountain National Park __knowledge__ Riding Mountain National Park is a national park in Manitoba, Canada.", "Riding Mountain National Park __knowledge__ The park sits atop the Manitoba Escarpment.", "Riding Mountain National Park __knowledge__ Consisting of a protected area , the forested parkland stands in sharp contrast to the surrounding prairie farmland.", "Riding Mountain National Park __knowledge__ It was designated a national park because it protects three different ecosystems that converge in the area; grasslands, upland boreal and eastern deciduous forests.", "Riding Mountain National Park __knowledge__ It is most easily reached by Highway 10 which passes through the park.", "Riding Mountain National Park __knowledge__ The south entrance is at the townsite of Wasagaming, which is the only commercial centre within the park boundaries.", "Riding Mountain National Park __knowledge__ A trading post was first established on Lake Dauphin north of present-day Riding Mountain National Park by the Hudson Bay Company in 1741.", "Walking in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Walking is one of the most popular outdoor recreational activities in the United Kingdom, and within England and Wales there is a comprehensive network of rights of way that permits easy access to the countryside.", "Walking in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Access is also easy in Scotland but not in Northern Ireland.", "Walking in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Walking is used in the United Kingdom to describe a range of activity, from a walk in the park to trekking in the Alps.", "Walking in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The word \"hiking\" is used in the UK, but less often than walking; the word rambling is also used, and the main organisation that supports walking is called The Ramblers.", "Walking in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Walking in mountainous areas in the UK is called hillwalking, or in Northern England, including the Lake District and Yorkshire Dales, fellwalking, from the dialect word fell, for high, uncultivated land.", "Northern England __knowledge__ Northern England, also known simply as the North, is the northern part of England, considered as a single cultural area.", "Northern England __knowledge__ It extends from the Scottish border in the north to near the River Trent in the south, although precise definitions of its southern extent vary.", "Northern England __knowledge__ Northern England approximately comprises three statistical regions: the North East, North West and Yorkshire and the Humber.", "Northern England __knowledge__ These have a combined population of around 14.9 million as of the 2011 Census and an area of 37,331 km (14,414 sq mi).", "Northern England __knowledge__ Northern England contains much of England's national parkland but also has large areas of urbanisation, including the conurbations of Greater Manchester, Merseyside, Teesside, Tyneside, Wearside, South and West Yorkshire.", "Nollywood __knowledge__ Nollywood is a sobriquet that originally referred to the Nigerian film industry.", "Nollywood __knowledge__ The origin of the term dates back to early 2000s, traced to an article in \"The New York Times\".", "Nollywood __knowledge__ Due to the history of evolving meanings and contexts, there is no clear or agreed-upon definition for the term, and it has been subjected to several controversies.", "Nollywood __knowledge__ The origin of the term \"Nollywood\" remains unclear; Jonathan Haynes traced the earliest usage of the word to a 2002 article by Matt Steinglass in \"the New York Times\", where it was used to describe Nigerian cinema.", "Nollywood __knowledge__ Charles Igwe noted that Norimitsu Onishi also used the name in a September 2002 article he wrote for \"the New York Times\".", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "Ralph Clark __knowledge__ Lieutenant Ralph Clark (30 March 1755 or 1762 – June 1794) was a British officer in the Royal Marines, best known for his diary spanning the early years of British settlement in Australia, including the voyage of the First Fleet.", "Ralph Clark __knowledge__ Born in Edinburgh, Scotland, Clark saw service in the American Revolutionary War before volunteering for the voyage to Australia.", "Ralph Clark __knowledge__ Arriving in New South Wales in January 1788, he filled a number of roles in the newly established colony, including serving on picket duty, guarding convicts, and on the Criminal Court.", "Ralph Clark __knowledge__ Having been temporarily promoted to the rank of first lieutenant, Clark was sent to Norfolk Island aboard HMS \"Sirius\" in March 1790, which was subsequently wrecked off the island's coast.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ What Price Confidence?", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ (translated as \"Vertrauenssache\") is a chamber opera in nine scenes with music and libretto by Ernst Krenek, his Op.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ 111.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ This \"little drawing room comedy\" is set in London at the turn of the 20th century, and features a protagonist not unlike Max in \"Jonny spielt auf\", as the author points out in a preface; it owes something to Melville as well (specifically \"The Confidence-Man\"), as do his next two operas.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ Composed during the winter of 1944–45 in St. Paul, it was Krenek's second attempt at an American opera and employed only four singers and piano.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ It shared the fate of \"Tarquin\" in only reaching a belated premiere in Germany (Saarbrücken, 23 May 1962), but this time Krenek was sufficiently satisfied with his work to publish it with Bärenreiter (BA 4301), remarking that the Met singers who requested a touring piece simply couldn't find time for a hoped-for performance." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Mount Kilimanjaro climbing routes __knowledge__ There are several routes by which to reach Kibo, or Uhuru Peak, the highest summit of Mount Kilimanjaro, namely, Marangu, Rongai, Lemosho, Shira, Umbwe and Machame.", "Mount Kilimanjaro climbing routes __knowledge__ Being one of the most popular mountains in the world, roughly 50,000 trekkers every year try to reach the summit of Mt Kilimanjaro.", "Mount Kilimanjaro climbing routes __knowledge__ According to research published by the Climb Kilimanjaro Guide, the average summit success rate across all climbers and routes is 65%.", "Mount Kilimanjaro climbing routes __knowledge__ However, summit success rate heavily depends upon what route is climbed as routes vary considerably in terms of acclimatization profile and duration of climb.", "Mount Kilimanjaro climbing routes __knowledge__ The Lemosho route approaches Kilimanjaro from the west.", "Raven Knob Scout Reservation __knowledge__ Raven Knob Scout Reservation is a 3200 acre Boy Scout camp operated by the Old Hickory Council of the Boy Scouts of America.", "Raven Knob Scout Reservation __knowledge__ The reservation is located in Surry County, North Carolina, United States.", "Raven Knob Scout Reservation __knowledge__ The Old Hickory Council, BSA held their first Scouting function, a spring camporee, at Raven Knob Park near Mount Airy, North Carolina in 1954.", "Raven Knob Scout Reservation __knowledge__ From this event, Council officials determined that the park site would be suitable for a summer camp.", "Raven Knob Scout Reservation __knowledge__ This new camp would replace Camp Lasater, which was located close to Winston-Salem.", "Raven Knob Scout Reservation __knowledge__ Raven Knob Park was purchased in June 1954 and became Camp Raven Knob.", "Raven Knob Scout Reservation __knowledge__ Local resident Kyle Norman was hired as Camp Ranger.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ The Red Bull X-Alps is a paragliding race in which athletes must hike or fly 1,000 km across the Alps.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ It first launched in 2003 and has since taken place every other year.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ Around 30 athletes take part and must navigate their way via a predetermined set of turnpoints that vary with each race.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ Every kilometer must be covered either on foot or by paraglider.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ Teams consist of one athlete and one official supporter, whose role it is to provide technical advice, mental and nutritional support.", "Red Bull X-Alps __knowledge__ The route traditionally covers the Alpine regions of Austria, Germany, Italy, Switzerland and France before ending in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, France.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ Philmont Scout Ranch is a large, rugged, mountainous ranch located near the town of Cimarron, New Mexico, covering 140,177 acres (219 sq mi; 567 km²) of wilderness in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains of the Rocky Mountains of northern New Mexico.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ The ranch, formerly the property of oil baron Waite Phillips and now that of the Boy Scouts of America, is a National High Adventure Base in which crews of Scouts and Venturers take part in backpacking expeditions and other outdoor activities.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ It is the one of the largest youth camps in the world in land area.", "Philmont Scout Ranch __knowledge__ Between June 8 and August 22 around 22,000 Scouts and adult leaders backpack across the Ranch's extensive backcountry while over 1,130 seasonal staff personnel maintain the Ranch's summer operations.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Longs Peak __knowledge__ Longs Peak is a high and prominent mountain summit in the northern Front Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America.", "Longs Peak __knowledge__ The fourteener is located in the Rocky Mountain National Park Wilderness, southwest by south (bearing 209°) of the Town of Estes Park, Colorado, United States.", "Longs Peak __knowledge__ Longs Peak is the northernmost fourteener in the Rocky Mountains and the highest point in Boulder County and Rocky Mountain National Park.", "Longs Peak __knowledge__ The mountain was named in honor of explorer Stephen Harriman Long and is featured on the Colorado state quarter.", "Longs Peak __knowledge__ Longs Peak can be prominently seen from Longmont, Colorado, as well as from most of the northern Front Range Urban Corridor.", "Camp Pico Blanco __knowledge__ Camp Pico Blanco is a Boy Scout camp of about (originally ) in the interior region of Big Sur in Central California.", "Camp Pico Blanco __knowledge__ It is operated by the Silicon Valley Monterey Bay Council, a new council formed as a result of a merger between the former Santa Clara County Council and the Monterey Bay Area Council in December 2012.", "Camp Pico Blanco __knowledge__ The camp is surrounded by the Los Padres National Forest, the Ventana Wilderness, undeveloped private land owned by GraniteRock, and is located astride the pristine Little Sur River.", "Camp Pico Blanco __knowledge__ The land was donated to the Boy Scouts by William Randolph Hearst in 1948 and the camp was opened in 1955." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 8, 11 ]

[ "yes hiking is the preferred term in the US and Canada", "yes in the UK, and Irelans they just refer to it as walking, not sure why that is", "I dont know for sure but they may use the same term as Northern England, they call it Hillwalking", "I like a day hike, anywhere, but not one that is overnight with camping", "Mt Killmanjaro is one of the most popular hiking and climbing spots with over 50000 trekkers every year" ]

[ "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking" ]

[ "Visual acuity\nI've always wanted lenses, but my eyesight is good", "What's VA?", "Oh, how would I find that out?", "Oh no i'm not having trouble with vision. I have great vision", "Oh, do you have corrective lenses?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity is dependent on optical and neural factors, i.e., (i) the sharpness of the retinal focus within the eye, (ii) the health and functioning of the retina, and (iii) the sensitivity of the interpretative faculty of the brain.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ A common cause of low visual acuity is refractive error (ametropia), or errors in how the light is refracted in the eyeball.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Causes of refractive errors include aberrations in the shape of the eyeball, the shape of the cornea, and reduced flexibility of the lens.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Too high or too low refractive error (in relation to the length of the eyeball) is the cause of nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia) (normal refractive status is referred to as emmetropia).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Other optical causes are astigmatism or more complex corneal irregularities.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ These anomalies can mostly be corrected by optical means (such as eyeglasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, etc.).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Neural factors that limit acuity are located in the retina or the brain (or the pathway leading there).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Examples for the first are a detached retina and macular degeneration, to name just two.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Another common impairment, amblyopia, is caused by the visual brain not having developed properly in early childhood.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses or sun glasses are a form of protective eyewear designed primarily to prevent bright sunlight and high-energy visible light from damaging or discomforting the eyes.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ They can sometimes also function as a visual aid, as variously termed spectacles or glasses exist, featuring lenses that are colored, polarized or darkened.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, they were also known as sun cheaters (cheaters being an American slang term for glasses).", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ The American Optometric Association recommends sunglasses whenever a person is in the sun to protect the eyes from ultraviolet radiation (UV) and blue light, which can cause several serious eye problems.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ A corrective lens is a lens typically worn in front of the eye to improve vision.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Glasses or \"spectacles\" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are worn directly on the surface of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Intraocular lenses are surgically implanted most commonly after cataract removal, but can be used for purely refractive purposes.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Corrective lenses are typically prescribed by an ophthalmologist or an optometrist.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The prescription consists of all the specifications necessary to make the lens.", "Orthokeratology __knowledge__ Orthokeratology (also referred to as Ortho-K, Overnight Vision Correction, Corneal Refractive Therapy and CRT), refers to the creation of gas permeable contact lenses that temporarily reshape the cornea to reduce refractive errors such as myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism.", "Orthokeratology __knowledge__ This method can be used as an alternative to eyeglasses, refractive surgery, or for those who prefer not to wear contact lenses during the day.", "Orthokeratology __knowledge__ Orthokeratology is most often used for candidates with up to -6.00 diopters of myopia.", "Orthokeratology __knowledge__ Doctors discovered the reshaping phenomena of glass lenses as early as the 1940s.", "Orthokeratology __knowledge__ This history of orthokeratology includes contributions made by Jessen, Ziff, Nolan, Paige, Gates, May, Grant, Fontana, Tabb, Freeman, Shed, Kerns, and Binder to the use of contact lenses for myopia reduction.", "History of photographic lens design __knowledge__ The invention of the camera in the early 19th century led to an array of lens designs intended for photography.", "History of photographic lens design __knowledge__ The problems of photographic lens design, creating a lens for a task that would cover a large, flat image plane, were well known even before the invention of photography due to the development of lenses to work with the focal plane of the camera obscura.", "History of photographic lens design __knowledge__ The early photographic experiments of Thomas Wedgwood, Nicéphore Niépce, Henry Fox Talbot, and Louis Daguerre all used simple single-element convex lenses.", "History of photographic lens design __knowledge__ These lenses were found lacking.", "History of photographic lens design __knowledge__ Simple lenses could not focus an image over a large flat film plane (Field curvature) and suffered from other optical aberrations.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ A contact lens, or simply contact, is a thin lens placed directly on the surface of the eye.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are considered medical devices and can be worn to correct vision, or for cosmetic or therapeutic reasons.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2004, it was estimated that 125 million people worldwide use contact lenses, including 28 to 38 million in the United States.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2010, the worldwide market for contact lenses was estimated at $6.1 billion, while the US soft lens market was estimated at $2.1 billion.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Multiple analysts estimated that the global market for contact lenses would reach $11.7 billion by 2015. , the average age of contact lens wearers globally was 31 years old, and two-thirds of wearers were female.", "Bates method __knowledge__ The Bates method is an alternative therapy aimed at improving eyesight.", "Bates method __knowledge__ Eye-care physician William Horatio Bates, M.D.", "Bates method __knowledge__ (1860–1931) attributed nearly all sight problems to habitual strain of the eyes, and felt that glasses were harmful and never necessary.", "Bates method __knowledge__ Bates self-published a book, \"\", as well as a magazine, \"\", (and earlier collaborated with Bernarr MacFadden on a correspondence course) detailing his approach to helping people relax such \"strain\", and thus, he claimed, improve their sight.", "Bates method __knowledge__ His techniques centered on visualization and movement.", "Bates method __knowledge__ He placed particular emphasis on imagining black letters and marks, and the movement of such.", "Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras __knowledge__ This article is about photographic lenses for single-lens reflex film cameras (SLRs) and digital single-lens reflex cameras (DSLRs).", "Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras __knowledge__ Emphasis is on modern lenses for 35 mm film SLRs and for DSLRs with sensor sizes less than or equal to 35 mm (\"full-frame\").", "Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras __knowledge__ Most SLR and DSLR cameras provide the option of changing the lens.", "Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras __knowledge__ This enables the use of lens that are best suited for the current photographic need, and allows the attachment of specialized lenses.", "Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras __knowledge__ Film SLR cameras have existed since the late 1950s, and over the years a very large number of different lenses have been produced, both by camera manufacturers (who typically only make lenses intended for their own camera bodies) and by third-party optics companies who may make lenses for several different camera lines." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity is dependent on optical and neural factors, i.e., (i) the sharpness of the retinal focus within the eye, (ii) the health and functioning of the retina, and (iii) the sensitivity of the interpretative faculty of the brain.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ A common cause of low visual acuity is refractive error (ametropia), or errors in how the light is refracted in the eyeball.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Causes of refractive errors include aberrations in the shape of the eyeball, the shape of the cornea, and reduced flexibility of the lens.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Too high or too low refractive error (in relation to the length of the eyeball) is the cause of nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia) (normal refractive status is referred to as emmetropia).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Other optical causes are astigmatism or more complex corneal irregularities.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ These anomalies can mostly be corrected by optical means (such as eyeglasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, etc.).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Neural factors that limit acuity are located in the retina or the brain (or the pathway leading there).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Examples for the first are a detached retina and macular degeneration, to name just two.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Another common impairment, amblyopia, is caused by the visual brain not having developed properly in early childhood.", "Veterans Health Administration scandal of 2014 __knowledge__ The Veterans Health Administration scandal of 2014 is a reported pattern of negligence in the treatment of United States military veterans.", "Veterans Health Administration scandal of 2014 __knowledge__ Critics charged that patients at the VHA hospitals had not met the target of getting an appointment within 14 days.", "Veterans Health Administration scandal of 2014 __knowledge__ In some hospitals, the staff falsified appointment records to appear to meet the 14-day target.", "Veterans Health Administration scandal of 2014 __knowledge__ Some patients died while they were on the waiting list; reports differ about whether they died because of the delay.", "Veterans Health Administration scandal of 2014 __knowledge__ CNN reported on April 30, 2014 that at least 40 United States Armed Forces veterans died while waiting for care at the Phoenix, Arizona, Veterans Health Administration facilities.", "Veterans Health Administration __knowledge__ The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is the component of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) led by the Under Secretary of Veterans Affairs for Health that implements the medical assistance program of the VA through the administration and operation of numerous VA Medical Centers (VAMC), Outpatient Clinics (OPC), Community Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOC), and VA Community Living Centers (VA Nursing Home) Programs.", "Veterans Health Administration __knowledge__ Many evaluations have found that by most measures VHA care is equal to, and sometimes better than, care provided in the private sector, when judged by standard evidence-based guidelines.", "VA-11 HALL-A __knowledge__ VA-11 HALL-A: Cyberpunk Bartender Action (also sometimes written as \"Valhalla\") is an indie bartender simulation video game with visual novel elements as well as cyberpunk and anime-inspired visuals, developed by Sukeban Games and published by Ysbryd Games for Microsoft Windows, OS X, and Linux on June 21, 2016.", "VA-11 HALL-A __knowledge__ The PlayStation Vita port, was developed by Wolfgame and published by Limited Run Games.", "VA-11 HALL-A __knowledge__ The game puts the player in the role of a bartender at the eponymous VA-11 HALL-A, a small bar in a dystopian downtown which is said to attract the \"most fascinating\" of people.", "VA-11 HALL-A __knowledge__ The gameplay consists of players making and serving drinks to bar attendees whilst listening to the stories and experiences of these said characters.", "VA spacecraft __knowledge__ The Vozvraschaemyi Apparat (, GRAU index 11F74), or VA spacecraft, was a Soviet crew capsule, intended to serve as a manned launch and reentry vehicle.", "VA spacecraft __knowledge__ Initially designed for the LK-1 manned lunar flyby spacecraft for one of the Soviet manned lunar programs, then the LK-700 redesign, it was later repurposed for the Almaz military space station program.", "VA spacecraft __knowledge__ The VA capsule on display at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum was labeled as Merkur, following a mistranslation of the original documentation – while incorrect, the name is being used in the West for the VA spacecraft and capsule.", "VA spacecraft __knowledge__ The VA spacecraft was capable of independent flight – up to 31 hours in its last incarnation – it needed however to be combined with additional hardware (containing propulsion and storage) to achieve a longer flight duration.", "United States Department of Veterans Affairs Police __knowledge__ The United States Department of Veterans Affairs Police is the uniformed law enforcement service of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, responsible for the protection of the VA Medical Centers and other facilities such as VA hospitals (VAMC), Outpatient Clinics (OPC) and Community Based Outpatient Clinics (CBOC) operated by United States Department of Veterans Affairs and its subsidiary components of the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) as well as the National Cemetery Administration (NCA) and the Veterans Benefits Administration (VBA) respectively.", "United States Department of Veterans Affairs Police __knowledge__ The VA Police have several divisions and operate separately but alongside the VA Law Enforcement Training Center (VA LETC) under the umbrella of the Office of Security and Law Enforcement.", "VA loan __knowledge__ A VA loan is a mortgage loan in the United States guaranteed by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA).", "VA loan __knowledge__ The program is for American veterans, military members currently serving in the U.S. military, reservists and select surviving spouses (provided they do not remarry) and can be used to purchase single-family homes, condominiums, multi-unit properties, manufactured homes and new construction.", "VA loan __knowledge__ The VA does not originate loans, but sets the rules for who may qualify, issues minimum guidelines and requirements under which mortgages may be offered and financially guarantees loans that qualify under the program.", "VistA __knowledge__ The Veterans Information Systems and Technology Architecture (VISTA) is a nationwide information system and Electronic Health Record (EHR) developed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA).", "VistA __knowledge__ VISTA consists of over 180 applications for clinical, financial, and administrative functions within a single, integrated database, allowing all applications to share a single, authoritative source of data for all veteran-related care and services.", "VistA __knowledge__ The U.S. Congress has mandated the VA keep the veterans health record in a single, authoritative, lifelong system in VISTA.", "VistA __knowledge__ Over 65% of all physicians trained in the U.S. rotate through the VHA, making VISTA the most familiar EHR in the U.S.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "Veterans benefits for post-traumatic stress disorder in the United States __knowledge__ The United States provides a wide range of benefits for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which was incurred in, or aggravated by, their military service.", "Veterans benefits for post-traumatic stress disorder in the United States __knowledge__ The United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) will provide benefits to veterans that the VA has determined suffer from PTSD, which developed during, or as a result of, their military service.", "Veterans benefits for post-traumatic stress disorder in the United States __knowledge__ These benefits not only include tax-free cash payments but can also include free or low-cost mental health treatment and other healthcare; vocational rehabilitation services; employment assistance; independent living support; and more.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series The Boys, created by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The Boys are a CIA black ops team, initially created by Col. Greg Mallory to manage, police, and sometimes liquidate Vought-American's superhumans.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ While this is in part to help protect normal humans from the actions of the largely out of control \"supes,\" this is also to ensure that the company lack the stability or the platform to push the use of superhumans in national defense.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ Over time, however, the team's focus was changed, due to Butcher's increased influence, from one of management and containment to one of direct confrontation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity is dependent on optical and neural factors, i.e., (i) the sharpness of the retinal focus within the eye, (ii) the health and functioning of the retina, and (iii) the sensitivity of the interpretative faculty of the brain.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ A common cause of low visual acuity is refractive error (ametropia), or errors in how the light is refracted in the eyeball.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Causes of refractive errors include aberrations in the shape of the eyeball, the shape of the cornea, and reduced flexibility of the lens.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Too high or too low refractive error (in relation to the length of the eyeball) is the cause of nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia) (normal refractive status is referred to as emmetropia).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Other optical causes are astigmatism or more complex corneal irregularities.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ These anomalies can mostly be corrected by optical means (such as eyeglasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, etc.).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Neural factors that limit acuity are located in the retina or the brain (or the pathway leading there).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Examples for the first are a detached retina and macular degeneration, to name just two.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Another common impairment, amblyopia, is caused by the visual brain not having developed properly in early childhood.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on its Model 206A JetRanger helicopter.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 was in continuous U.S. Army service from 1969 to 2017, when it was retired and replaced in this role by the Boeing AH-64 Apache.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The latest model, the \"OH-58D Kiowa Warrior\", is primarily operated in an armed reconnaissance role in support of ground troops.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 has been exported to Austria, Canada, Croatia, the Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Greece.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Two anime adaptations were produced; one by Toei Animation, which aired from April 4, 1998 to October 10, 1998, and another produced by NAS and animated by Studio Gallop titled \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Duel Monsters\", which aired between April 2000 and September 2004.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ The manga series has spawned a franchise that includes multiple spin-off manga and anime series, a trading card game, and numerous video games.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Most of the incarnations of the franchise involve the fictional trading card game known as \"Duel Monsters\", where each player uses cards to \"duel\" each other in a mock battle of fantasy \"monsters\".", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ This forms the basis for the real life \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Home (2015 film) __knowledge__ Home is a 2015 American 3D computer-animated science fiction comedy-adventure film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by 20th Century Fox.", "Home (2015 film) __knowledge__ It is loosely based on Adam Rex's 2007 children's book \"The True Meaning of Smekday\" and starring the voices of Jim Parsons, Rihanna, Steve Martin, Jennifer Lopez, and Matt Jones.", "Home (2015 film) __knowledge__ Tim Johnson is the director of the film, Chris Jenkins and Suzanne Buirgy are its producers, and the screenplay is by Tom J. Astle and Matt Ember.", "Home (2015 film) __knowledge__ The story takes place on planet Earth, where an alien race called the Boov invade the planet.", "Home (2015 film) __knowledge__ However, a girl named Gratuity \"Tip\" Tucci manages to avoid capture, and goes on the run with Oh, a fugitive Boov.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It consists of an oxygen and hydrogen atom held together by a covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It is an important but usually minor constituent of water.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It functions as a base, a ligand, a nucleophile and a catalyst.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ The hydroxide ion forms salts, some of which dissociate in aqueous solution, liberating solvated hydroxide ions.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Sodium hydroxide is a multi-million-ton per annum commodity chemical.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ A hydroxide attached to a strongly electropositive center may itself ionize, liberating a hydrogen cation (H), making the parent compound an acid.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ There is also a four-episode OVA sequel.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ \"Anime Midstream\", Inc. announced in December, 2008, that it acquired the license for and planned to release the anime series Matchless Raijin-Oh in the U.S. sometime in 2009 as their first anime release.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The company began selling the first volume of the series direct from their website, as well as several other online retailers as of late December, 2009.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The first volume contained episodes 1-5.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The second volume, containing episodes 6-10, was released in September 2010, and translated the title beginning with this volume (and current printings of the first volume are now also marketed under that title).", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh Eun-sun (Korean: 오은선, Hanja: 吳銀善, born March 5, 1966) is a South Korean female mountaineer.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ She is the first Korean woman to climb the Seven Summits.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ On April 27, 2010, she reached the Annapurna summit.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh claimed she had climbed all fourteen eight-thousanders, which would have made her the first woman to achieve this feat, but her claim to have ascended Kangchenjunga was disputed by multiple experts.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh Eun-sun later admitted that she had to stop a few hundred meters before the Kangchenjunga summit — therefore the Korean Alpine Federation ruled that Oh did not climb that peak, and the mountaineering site ExplorersWeb considered that Edurne Pasaban is the first woman to have successfully climbed all fourteen peaks.", "Bird vision __knowledge__ Vision is the most important sense for birds, since good eyesight is essential for safe flight, and this group has a number of adaptations which give visual acuity superior to that of other vertebrate groups; a pigeon has been described as \"two eyes with wings\".", "Bird vision __knowledge__ The avian eye resembles that of a reptile, with ciliary muscles that can change the shape of the lens rapidly and to a greater extent than in the mammals.", "Bird vision __knowledge__ Birds have the largest eyes relative to their size in the animal kingdom, and movement is consequently limited within the eye's bony socket.", "Bird vision __knowledge__ In addition to the two eyelids usually found in vertebrates, it is protected by a third transparent movable membrane.", "Retina __knowledge__ The retina is the third and inner coat of the eye which is a light-sensitive layer of tissue.", "Retina __knowledge__ The optics of the eye create an image of the visual world on the retina (through the cornea and lens), which serves much the same function as the film in a camera.", "Retina __knowledge__ Light striking the retina initiates a cascade of chemical and electrical events that ultimately trigger nerve impulses.", "Retina __knowledge__ These are sent to various visual centres of the brain through the fibres of the optic nerve.", "Retina __knowledge__ Neural retina typically refers to three layers of neural cells (photo receptor cells, bipolar cells, and ganglion cells) within the retina, while the entire retina refers to these three layers plus a layer of pigmented epithelial cells.", "Infant visual development __knowledge__ Infant vision concerns the development of visual ability in human infants from birth through the first years of life.", "Infant visual development __knowledge__ The aspects of human vision which develop following birth include visual acuity, tracking, color perception, depth perception, and object recognition.", "Infant visual development __knowledge__ Unlike many other sensory systems, the human visual system – components from the eye to neural circuits – develops largely after birth, especially in the first few years of life.", "Infant visual development __knowledge__ At birth, visual structures are fully present yet immature in their potentials.", "Infant visual development __knowledge__ From the first moment of life, there are a few innate components of an infant's visual system.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss, is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses or contact lenses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment is often defined as a best corrected visual acuity of worse than either 20/40 or 20/60.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The term blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment may cause people difficulties with normal daily activities such as driving, reading, socializing, and walking.", "Eye __knowledge__ Eyes are organs of the visual system.", "Eye __knowledge__ They provide organisms with vision, the ability to receive and process visual detail, as well as enabling several photo response functions that are independent of vision.", "Eye __knowledge__ Eyes detect light and convert it into electro-chemical impulses in neurons.", "Eye __knowledge__ In higher organisms, the eye is a complex optical system which collects light from the surrounding environment, regulates its intensity through a diaphragm, focuses it through an adjustable assembly of lenses to form an image, converts this image into a set of electrical signals, and transmits these signals to the brain through complex neural pathways that connect the eye via the optic nerve to the visual cortex and other areas of the brain.", "Optics and vision __knowledge__ Visual perception is the ability to interpret information and surroundings from visible light reaching the eye.", "Optics and vision __knowledge__ The resulting perception is also known as eyesight, sight or vision.", "Optics and vision __knowledge__ The various physiological components involved in vision are referred to collectively as the visual system, and are the focus of much research in psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience and molecular biology.", "Optics and vision __knowledge__ The visual system in humans allows individuals to assimilate information from the environment.", "Optics and vision __knowledge__ The act of seeing starts when the lens of the eye focuses an image of its surroundings onto a light-sensitive membrane in the back of the eye, called the retina." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity is dependent on optical and neural factors, i.e., (i) the sharpness of the retinal focus within the eye, (ii) the health and functioning of the retina, and (iii) the sensitivity of the interpretative faculty of the brain.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ A common cause of low visual acuity is refractive error (ametropia), or errors in how the light is refracted in the eyeball.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Causes of refractive errors include aberrations in the shape of the eyeball, the shape of the cornea, and reduced flexibility of the lens.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Too high or too low refractive error (in relation to the length of the eyeball) is the cause of nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia) (normal refractive status is referred to as emmetropia).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Other optical causes are astigmatism or more complex corneal irregularities.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ These anomalies can mostly be corrected by optical means (such as eyeglasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, etc.).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Neural factors that limit acuity are located in the retina or the brain (or the pathway leading there).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Examples for the first are a detached retina and macular degeneration, to name just two.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Another common impairment, amblyopia, is caused by the visual brain not having developed properly in early childhood.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "First Vision __knowledge__ The First Vision (also called the grove experience) refers to a vision that Joseph Smith said he received in the spring of 1820, in a wooded area in Manchester, New York, which his followers call the Sacred Grove.", "First Vision __knowledge__ Smith described it as a personal theophany in which he received instruction from God.", "First Vision __knowledge__ Smith's followers believe the vision reinforces his authority as the founder and prophet of the Latter Day Saint movement.", "First Vision __knowledge__ According to the account Smith told in 1838, he went to the woods to pray about which church to join but fell into the grip of an evil power that nearly overcame him.", "First Vision __knowledge__ At the last moment, he was rescued by two shining \"personages\" (implied to be Jesus and God the Father) who hovered above him.", "Kubla Khan __knowledge__ Some of Coleridge's contemporaries denounced the poem and questioned his story of its origin.", "Kubla Khan __knowledge__ It was not until years later that critics began to openly admire the poem.", "Kubla Khan __knowledge__ Most modern critics now view \"Kubla Khan\" as one of Coleridge's three great poems, along with \"The Rime of the Ancient Mariner\" and \"Christabel\".", "Kubla Khan __knowledge__ The poem is considered one of the most famous examples of Romanticism in English poetry, and is one of the most frequently anthologized poems in the English language.", "Kubla Khan __knowledge__ A copy of the manuscript is a permanent exhibit at the British Library in London.", "Kubla Khan __knowledge__ In September 1797, Coleridge lived in Nether Stowey in the south west of England and spent much of his time walking through the nearby Quantock Hills with his fellow poet William Wordsworth and Wordsworth's sister Dorothy; (His route today is memorialised as the \"Coleridge Way\".)", "Bruce Rappaport __knowledge__ Baruch \"Bruce\" Rappaport (February 15, 1922 – January 8, 2010) was an international banker and financier.", "Bruce Rappaport __knowledge__ He was born in Haifa, Mandatory Palestine to Russian-Jewish emigre parents.", "Bruce Rappaport __knowledge__ Bruce Rappaport was involved in banking, industry, and politics on the island of Antigua.", "Bruce Rappaport __knowledge__ In April 1983, Rappaport formed Swiss American Bank Ltd., later renamed Global Bank of Commerce, Ltd., and became the first licensed bank in Antigua governed by the International Business Corporations (IBC) Act of 1982 .", "Bruce Rappaport __knowledge__ The company was later sued by the United States for failure to release forfeited funds from one of its account holders.", "Computer vision __knowledge__ Computer vision is an interdisciplinary field that deals with how computers can be made for gaining high-level understanding from digital images or videos.", "Computer vision __knowledge__ From the perspective of engineering, it seeks to automate tasks that the human visual system can do.", "Computer vision __knowledge__ Computer vision tasks include methods for acquiring, processing, analyzing and understanding digital images, and extraction of high-dimensional data from the real world in order to produce numerical or symbolic information, \"e.g.", "Computer vision __knowledge__ \", in the forms of decisions.", "Computer vision __knowledge__ Understanding in this context means the transformation of visual images (the input of the retina) into descriptions of the world that can interface with other thought processes and elicit appropriate action.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on its Model 206A JetRanger helicopter.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 was in continuous U.S. Army service from 1969 to 2017, when it was retired and replaced in this role by the Boeing AH-64 Apache.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The latest model, the \"OH-58D Kiowa Warrior\", is primarily operated in an armed reconnaissance role in support of ground troops.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 has been exported to Austria, Canada, Croatia, the Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Greece.", "The Great Vision Concert __knowledge__ The Great Vision Concert is an album by American jazz saxophonist Fred Anderson with bassist Harrison Bankhead, which was recorded live at the 2003 Vision Festival and released four years later on Ayler Records, a Swedish label founded by Jan Ström and Åke Bjurhamn.", "The Great Vision Concert __knowledge__ In a multiple review for All About Jazz Kurt Gottschalk states \"This is the relaxed Anderson, stretching out with a friend, in no hurry to go anywhere: three long improvisations (15 to 22 minutes) followed by a 5-minute vamp.\"", "Refractive error __knowledge__ Refractive error, also known as refraction error, is a problem with focusing light accurately onto the retina due to the shape of the eye.", "Refractive error __knowledge__ The most common types of refractive error are near-sightedness, far-sightedness, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Refractive error __knowledge__ Near-sightedness results in far away objects being blurry, far-sightedness and presbyopia result in close objects being blurry, astigmatism causes objects to appear stretched out or blurry.", "Refractive error __knowledge__ Other symptoms may include double vision, headaches, and eye strain.", "Refractive error __knowledge__ Near-sightedness is due to the length of the eyeball being too long, far-sightedness the eyeball too short, astigmatism the cornea being the wrong shape, and presbyopia aging of the lens of the eye such that it cannot change shape sufficiently.", "Near-sightedness __knowledge__ Near-sightedness, also known as short-sightedness and myopia, is a condition of the eye where light focuses in front of, instead of on, the retina.", "Near-sightedness __knowledge__ This causes distant objects to be blurry while close objects appear normal.", "Near-sightedness __knowledge__ Other symptoms may include headaches and eye strain.", "Near-sightedness __knowledge__ Severe near-sightedness increases the risk of retinal detachment, cataracts, and glaucoma.", "Near-sightedness __knowledge__ The underlying cause is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors.", "Near-sightedness __knowledge__ Risk factors include doing work that involves focusing on close objects, greater time spent indoors, and a family history of the condition.", "Near-sightedness __knowledge__ It is also associated with a high socioeconomic class.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ A contact lens, or simply contact, is a thin lens placed directly on the surface of the eye.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are considered medical devices and can be worn to correct vision, or for cosmetic or therapeutic reasons.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2004, it was estimated that 125 million people worldwide use contact lenses, including 28 to 38 million in the United States.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2010, the worldwide market for contact lenses was estimated at $6.1 billion, while the US soft lens market was estimated at $2.1 billion.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Multiple analysts estimated that the global market for contact lenses would reach $11.7 billion by 2015. , the average age of contact lens wearers globally was 31 years old, and two-thirds of wearers were female.", "Bates method __knowledge__ The Bates method is an alternative therapy aimed at improving eyesight.", "Bates method __knowledge__ Eye-care physician William Horatio Bates, M.D.", "Bates method __knowledge__ (1860–1931) attributed nearly all sight problems to habitual strain of the eyes, and felt that glasses were harmful and never necessary.", "Bates method __knowledge__ Bates self-published a book, \"\", as well as a magazine, \"\", (and earlier collaborated with Bernarr MacFadden on a correspondence course) detailing his approach to helping people relax such \"strain\", and thus, he claimed, improve their sight.", "Bates method __knowledge__ His techniques centered on visualization and movement.", "Bates method __knowledge__ He placed particular emphasis on imagining black letters and marks, and the movement of such.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ A corrective lens is a lens typically worn in front of the eye to improve vision.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Glasses or \"spectacles\" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are worn directly on the surface of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Intraocular lenses are surgically implanted most commonly after cataract removal, but can be used for purely refractive purposes.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Corrective lenses are typically prescribed by an ophthalmologist or an optometrist.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The prescription consists of all the specifications necessary to make the lens.", "Dan Reinstein __knowledge__ Dan Reinstein is a specialist ophthalmic surgeon in the UK and is a board-certified registered specialist ophthalmologist in the USA, Canada and the UK, specialising in the field of refractive surgery (vision correction).", "Dan Reinstein __knowledge__ He is medical director of the London Vision Clinic and a voluntary faculty member as Professor of Ophthalmology at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons.", "Dan Reinstein __knowledge__ Dan Reinstein was educated at Leighton Park School before completing his undergraduate and medical school education at the University of Cambridge.", "Dan Reinstein __knowledge__ His postgraduate qualifications include M.A.", "Dan Reinstein __knowledge__ (Cantab), M.B.", "Dan Reinstein __knowledge__ B.Chir and MD degrees." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity is dependent on optical and neural factors, i.e., (i) the sharpness of the retinal focus within the eye, (ii) the health and functioning of the retina, and (iii) the sensitivity of the interpretative faculty of the brain.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ A common cause of low visual acuity is refractive error (ametropia), or errors in how the light is refracted in the eyeball.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Causes of refractive errors include aberrations in the shape of the eyeball, the shape of the cornea, and reduced flexibility of the lens.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Too high or too low refractive error (in relation to the length of the eyeball) is the cause of nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia) (normal refractive status is referred to as emmetropia).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Other optical causes are astigmatism or more complex corneal irregularities.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ These anomalies can mostly be corrected by optical means (such as eyeglasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, etc.).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Neural factors that limit acuity are located in the retina or the brain (or the pathway leading there).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Examples for the first are a detached retina and macular degeneration, to name just two.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Another common impairment, amblyopia, is caused by the visual brain not having developed properly in early childhood.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ A corrective lens is a lens typically worn in front of the eye to improve vision.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Glasses or \"spectacles\" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are worn directly on the surface of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Intraocular lenses are surgically implanted most commonly after cataract removal, but can be used for purely refractive purposes.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Corrective lenses are typically prescribed by an ophthalmologist or an optometrist.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The prescription consists of all the specifications necessary to make the lens.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are devices consisting of glass or hard plastic lenses mounted in a frame that holds them in front of a person's eyes, typically using a bridge over the nose and arms which rest over the ears.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are typically used for vision correction, such as with reading glasses and glasses used for nearsightedness.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Safety glasses provide eye protection against flying debris for construction workers or lab technicians; these glasses may have protection for the sides of the eyes as well as in the lenses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Some types of safety glasses are used to protect against visible and near-visible light or radiation.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses or sun glasses are a form of protective eyewear designed primarily to prevent bright sunlight and high-energy visible light from damaging or discomforting the eyes.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ They can sometimes also function as a visual aid, as variously termed spectacles or glasses exist, featuring lenses that are colored, polarized or darkened.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, they were also known as sun cheaters (cheaters being an American slang term for glasses).", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ The American Optometric Association recommends sunglasses whenever a person is in the sun to protect the eyes from ultraviolet radiation (UV) and blue light, which can cause several serious eye problems.", "Optics and vision __knowledge__ Visual perception is the ability to interpret information and surroundings from visible light reaching the eye.", "Optics and vision __knowledge__ The resulting perception is also known as eyesight, sight or vision.", "Optics and vision __knowledge__ The various physiological components involved in vision are referred to collectively as the visual system, and are the focus of much research in psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience and molecular biology.", "Optics and vision __knowledge__ The visual system in humans allows individuals to assimilate information from the environment.", "Optics and vision __knowledge__ The act of seeing starts when the lens of the eye focuses an image of its surroundings onto a light-sensitive membrane in the back of the eye, called the retina.", "Optics __knowledge__ Optics is the branch of physics which involves the behaviour and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it.", "Optics __knowledge__ Optics usually describes the behaviour of visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light.", "Optics __knowledge__ Because light is an electromagnetic wave, other forms of electromagnetic radiation such as X-rays, microwaves, and radio waves exhibit similar properties.", "Optics __knowledge__ Most optical phenomena can be accounted for using the classical electromagnetic description of light.", "Optics __knowledge__ Complete electromagnetic descriptions of light are, however, often difficult to apply in practice.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ Keratoconus (KC) is a disorder of the eye which results in progressive thinning of the cornea.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ This may result in blurry vision, double vision, nearsightedness, astigmatism, and light sensitivity.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ Usually both eyes are affected.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ In more severe cases a scarring or a circle may be seen within the cornea.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ While the cause is unknown, it is believed to occur due to a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ About seven percent of those affected have a family history of the condition.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ Proposed environmental factors include rubbing the eyes and allergies.", "Keratoconus __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves changes of the cornea to a cone shape.", "Optician __knowledge__ An optician, or \"dispensing optician\", is a technical practitioner who designs, fits and dispenses corrective lenses for the correction of a person's vision.", "Optician __knowledge__ Opticians determine the specifications of various ophthalmic appliances that will give the necessary correction to a person's eyesight.", "Optician __knowledge__ Some registered or licensed opticians also design and fit special appliances to correct cosmetic, traumatic or anatomical defects.", "Optician __knowledge__ These devices are called shells or artificial eyes.", "Optician __knowledge__ Other registered or licensed opticians manufacture lenses to their own specifications and design and manufacture spectacle frames and other devices.", "Uclue __knowledge__ Uclue is a fee-based research service staffed by former Google Answers Researchers (GARs).", "Uclue __knowledge__ Uclue launched on February 28, 2007.", "Uclue __knowledge__ As of May 2007, 37 former Google Answers Researchers have signed on to answer questions at Uclue.", "Uclue __knowledge__ Researchers are located in North America, South America, Europe, Australia, Japan, and the Philippines.", "Uclue __knowledge__ Thanks to this international diversity, Uclue is able to provide research and translation in English, German, Spanish, Tagalog, and conversational French.", "Uclue __knowledge__ Over 1000 people from 6 continents have registered at Uclue as both clients and commentators.", "Uclue __knowledge__ (Commentators are non-researchers who post helpful comments on questions and answers.)", "Near-sightedness __knowledge__ Near-sightedness, also known as short-sightedness and myopia, is a condition of the eye where light focuses in front of, instead of on, the retina.", "Near-sightedness __knowledge__ This causes distant objects to be blurry while close objects appear normal.", "Near-sightedness __knowledge__ Other symptoms may include headaches and eye strain.", "Near-sightedness __knowledge__ Severe near-sightedness increases the risk of retinal detachment, cataracts, and glaucoma.", "Near-sightedness __knowledge__ The underlying cause is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors.", "Near-sightedness __knowledge__ Risk factors include doing work that involves focusing on close objects, greater time spent indoors, and a family history of the condition.", "Near-sightedness __knowledge__ It is also associated with a high socioeconomic class.", "Vision in fishes __knowledge__ Vision is an important sensory system for most species of fish.", "Vision in fishes __knowledge__ Fish eyes are similar to the eyes of terrestrial vertebrates like birds and mammals, but have a more spherical lens.", "Vision in fishes __knowledge__ Birds and mammals (including humans) normally adjust focus by changing the shape of their lens, but fish normally adjust focus by moving the lens closer to or further from the retina.", "Vision in fishes __knowledge__ Fish retinas generally have both rod cells and cone cells (for scotopic and photopic vision), and most species have colour vision.", "Vision in fishes __knowledge__ Some fish can see ultraviolet and some are sensitive to polarized light.", "Vision in fishes __knowledge__ Among jawless fish, the lamprey has well-developed eyes, while the hagfish has only primitive eyespots.", "Retina __knowledge__ The retina is the third and inner coat of the eye which is a light-sensitive layer of tissue.", "Retina __knowledge__ The optics of the eye create an image of the visual world on the retina (through the cornea and lens), which serves much the same function as the film in a camera.", "Retina __knowledge__ Light striking the retina initiates a cascade of chemical and electrical events that ultimately trigger nerve impulses.", "Retina __knowledge__ These are sent to various visual centres of the brain through the fibres of the optic nerve.", "Retina __knowledge__ Neural retina typically refers to three layers of neural cells (photo receptor cells, bipolar cells, and ganglion cells) within the retina, while the entire retina refers to these three layers plus a layer of pigmented epithelial cells.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Michael Lee Alfonso (January 24, 1965 – February 17, 2007) was an American professional wrestler.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ He was best known for his appearances with the American professional wrestling promotions Extreme Championship Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation under the ring name Mike Awesome and for his appearances in Japan for with Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling and All Japan Pro Wrestling as The Gladiator.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso was trained to wrestle by Steve Keirn, debuting on February 26, 1989.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso trained for about one year along with former professional wrestlers, Dennis Knight (Mideon, Phineas Godwin) and the late \"Big\" Al Green before making his debut.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness, also known as color vision deficiency, is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness can make some educational activities difficult.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Buying fruit, picking clothing, and reading traffic lights can be more challenging, for example.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Problems, however, are generally minor and most people adapt.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ People with total color blindness, however, may also have decreased visual acuity and be uncomfortable in bright environments.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ The most common cause of color blindness is an inherited fault in the development of one or more of the three sets of color sensing cones in the eye.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the series \"The Awesomes\".", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Professor Dr. Jeremy \"Prock\" Awesome (voiced by Seth Meyers) - The son of Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Jeremy Awesome is the young new leader of the Awesomes.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Known as Prock (a portmanteau of Professor and Doctor, since Prock has a JD and an MD) he has always wanted to be a superhero like his father, Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Prock disappointingly doesn't have any of his father's impressive physical powers: indeed, he is unimposing and injury-prone.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ However, he's the smartest on the team and a natural leader: in a crisis he comes up with excellent plans and assigns jobs to everyone on the team." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 3, 53, 16 ]

[ "Do you know what your clarity of vision is, or VA?", "VA is visual acuity. It depends on factors like the health of the retina, the sensitivity of the interpretative faculty of the brain, etc.", "I would think an Optometrist. If you're having trouble with vision, a cause could be a refractive error, meaning a problem with how light is refracted in the eyeball.", "Awesome! I am near-sighted myself. So light focuses in front of my retinas instead of on.", "I do. They were prescribed to me by an ophthalmologist." ]

[ "Visual acuity", "Visual acuity", "Visual acuity", "Visual acuity", "Visual acuity" ]

[ "Influenza", "I've had symptoms before, but I don't think I've ever had the full blown effects of the flu. I don't usually get sick.", "Oh no, that sounds horrible! I don't usually get vaccinated either, but made the choice to this year after I had my baby this Spring." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Influenza __knowledge__ Influenza, commonly known as \"the flu\", is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus.", "Influenza __knowledge__ Symptoms can be mild to severe.", "Influenza __knowledge__ The most common symptoms include: a high fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pains, headache, coughing, and feeling tired.", "Influenza __knowledge__ These symptoms typically begin two days after exposure to the virus and most last less than a week.", "Influenza __knowledge__ The cough, however, may last for more than two weeks.", "Influenza __knowledge__ In children, there may be nausea and vomiting, but these are not common in adults.", "Influenza __knowledge__ Nausea and vomiting occur more commonly in the unrelated infection gastroenteritis, which is sometimes inaccurately referred to as \"stomach flu\" or the \"24-hour flu\".", "Influenza __knowledge__ Complications of influenza may include viral pneumonia, secondary bacterial pneumonia, sinus infections, and worsening of previous health problems such as asthma or heart failure.", "Influenza __knowledge__ Three types of influenza viruses affect people, called Type A, Type B, and Type C. Usually, the virus is spread through the air from coughs or sneezes.", "Influenza __knowledge__ This is believed to occur mostly over relatively short distances.", "Influenza __knowledge__ It can also be spread by touching surfaces contaminated by the virus and then touching the mouth or eyes.", "Influenza __knowledge__ A person may be infectious to others both before and during the time they are showing symptoms." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Influenza __knowledge__ Influenza, commonly known as \"the flu\", is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus.", "Influenza __knowledge__ Symptoms can be mild to severe.", "Influenza __knowledge__ The most common symptoms include: a high fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pains, headache, coughing, and feeling tired.", "Influenza __knowledge__ These symptoms typically begin two days after exposure to the virus and most last less than a week.", "Influenza __knowledge__ The cough, however, may last for more than two weeks.", "Influenza __knowledge__ In children, there may be nausea and vomiting, but these are not common in adults.", "Influenza __knowledge__ Nausea and vomiting occur more commonly in the unrelated infection gastroenteritis, which is sometimes inaccurately referred to as \"stomach flu\" or the \"24-hour flu\".", "Influenza __knowledge__ Complications of influenza may include viral pneumonia, secondary bacterial pneumonia, sinus infections, and worsening of previous health problems such as asthma or heart failure.", "Influenza __knowledge__ Three types of influenza viruses affect people, called Type A, Type B, and Type C. Usually, the virus is spread through the air from coughs or sneezes.", "Influenza __knowledge__ This is believed to occur mostly over relatively short distances.", "Influenza __knowledge__ It can also be spread by touching surfaces contaminated by the virus and then touching the mouth or eyes.", "Influenza __knowledge__ A person may be infectious to others both before and during the time they are showing symptoms.", "Flu (film) __knowledge__ Flu () is a 2013 South Korean disaster film written and directed by Kim Sung-su, about an outbreak of a deadly strain of H5N1 that kills its victims within 36 hours, throwing the district of Budang in Seongnam, with a population of nearly half a million people into chaos.", "Flu (film) __knowledge__ It stars Jang Hyuk and Soo Ae.", "Flu (film) __knowledge__ The opening scene shows a group of illegal immigrants that are being prepared to be smuggled to South Korea inside a shipping container.", "Flu (film) __knowledge__ As they are about to be sent overseas, one of the traffickers notices people coughing.", "Flu (film) __knowledge__ After the immigrants deny any illness, he seals the container which is then sent to Korea.", "2009 flu pandemic __knowledge__ The 2009 flu pandemic or \"swine flu\" was an influenza pandemic, and the second of the two pandemics involving H1N1 influenza virus (the first of them being the 1918 flu pandemic), albeit in a new version.", "2009 flu pandemic __knowledge__ First described in April 2009, the virus appeared to be a new strain of H1N1 which resulted when a previous triple reassortment of bird, swine and human flu viruses further combined with a Eurasian pig flu virus, leading to the term \"swine flu\".", "2009 flu pandemic __knowledge__ Unlike most strains of influenza, H1N1 does not disproportionately infect adults older than 60 years; this was an unusual and characteristic feature of the H1N1 pandemic.", "Childhood immunizations in the United States __knowledge__ The schedule of childhood immunizations in the United States is given by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).", "Childhood immunizations in the United States __knowledge__ The vaccination schedule is broken down by age: birth to six years of age, seven to eighteen, and adults nineteen and older.", "Childhood immunizations in the United States __knowledge__ Childhood Immunizations are key in preventing children for diseases that were once epidemics.", "Childhood immunizations in the United States __knowledge__ As with all medications, vaccines are continually monitored for safety, and like any medication, vaccines can cause side effects.", "Childhood immunizations in the United States __knowledge__ The side effects of vaccination are minor and go away within a few days.", "Childhood immunizations in the United States __knowledge__ There is a risk that the child could have a severe allergic reaction, but these reactions are rare.", "2009 flu pandemic in the United States by state __knowledge__ The United States experienced the beginnings of a pandemic of a novel strain of the influenza A/H1N1 virus, commonly referred to as \"swine flu\", in the spring of 2009.", "2009 flu pandemic in the United States by state __knowledge__ The earliest reported cases in the US began appearing in late March 2009 in California, then spreading to infect people in Texas, New York, and other states by mid-April.", "2009 flu pandemic in the United States by state __knowledge__ Early cases were associated with recent travel to Mexico; many were students who had traveled to Mexico for Spring Break.", "2009 flu pandemic in the United States by state __knowledge__ This spread continued across the country's population and by the end of May there were approximately 0 confirmed cases throughout all 50 states.", "Swine influenza __knowledge__ Swine influenza is an infection caused by any one of several types of swine influenza viruses.", "Swine influenza __knowledge__ Swine influenza virus (SIV) or swine-origin influenza virus (S-OIV) is any strain of the influenza family of viruses that is endemic in pigs.", "Swine influenza __knowledge__ As of 2009, the known SIV strains include influenza C and the subtypes of influenza A known as H1N1, H1N2, H2N1, H3N1, H3N2, and H2N3.", "Swine influenza __knowledge__ The Swine flu was initially seen in humans in Mexico in 2009, where the strain of the particular virus was a mixture from 3 types of strains.", "Swine influenza __knowledge__ Six of the genes are very similar to the H1N2 influenza virus that was found in pigs around 2000.", "Full Blown Chaos __knowledge__ Full Blown Chaos is a metalcore band from Floral Park, Queens, New York.", "Full Blown Chaos __knowledge__ According to the band, their whole direction \"is to keep a wide range of music, not to necessarily pigeonhole ourselves into metal or hardcore\".", "Full Blown Chaos __knowledge__ They are well respected in the New York scene, and are generally considered to be a part of the NYHC movement.", "Full Blown Chaos __knowledge__ Full Blown Chaos self-released their first EP in 2001, with the lineup of Joe White (vocals), Mike Facci (guitar), Ed Conroy (bass), and Jeff Facci (drums), on Conroy's Jailhouse Records label.", "Full Blown Chaos __knowledge__ It is considered one of their best releases by the underground hardcore community.", "Influenza vaccine __knowledge__ Influenza vaccines, also known as flu shots or flu jabs, are vaccines that protect against infection by Influenza viruses.", "Influenza vaccine __knowledge__ A new version of the vaccine is developed twice a year, as the Influenza virus rapidly changes.", "Influenza vaccine __knowledge__ While their effectiveness varies from year to year, most provide modest to high protection against influenza.", "Influenza vaccine __knowledge__ The CDC estimates that vaccination against influenza reduces sickness, medical visits, hospitalizations, and deaths.", "Influenza vaccine __knowledge__ When an immunized worker does catch the flu, they are on average back at work a half day sooner.", "Influenza vaccine __knowledge__ Vaccine effectiveness in those under two years old and over 65 years old remains unknown due to the low quality of the research.", "Influenza pandemic __knowledge__ An influenza pandemic is an epidemic of an influenza virus that spreads on a worldwide scale and infects a large proportion of the world population.", "Influenza pandemic __knowledge__ In contrast to the regular seasonal epidemics of influenza, these pandemics occur irregularly—there have been about 9 influenza pandemics during the last 300 years.", "Influenza pandemic __knowledge__ Pandemics can cause high levels of mortality, with the 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic being the worst in recorded history; this pandemic was estimated to be responsible for the deaths of approximately 50–100 million people.", "Influenza pandemic __knowledge__ There have been about three influenza pandemics in each century for the last 300 years, the most recent one being the 2009 flu pandemic.", "2009 flu pandemic in Europe __knowledge__ The 2009 flu pandemic in Europe was part of a pandemic involving a new strain of influenza, subtype H1N1.", "2009 flu pandemic in Europe __knowledge__ H1N1 is commonly called swine flu.", "2009 flu pandemic in Europe __knowledge__ The pandemic infected at least 125,550 people in Europe.", "2009 flu pandemic in Europe __knowledge__ There were 458 confirmed deaths in Turkey, 438 confirmed deaths in Russia, and 299 confirmed deaths in the United Kingdom.", "2009 flu pandemic in Europe __knowledge__ On 27 April 2009, the European Union health commissioner advised Europeans to avoid traveling to the United States or Mexico when possible.", "2009 flu pandemic in Europe __knowledge__ The same day, the first confirmed case of swine flu in the EU was announced in Spain. The EU Commissioner for External Relations at the time, Benita Ferrero-Waldner, said on 27 April all travel to Mexico and the disinfecting of all airports in response to the global flu outbreak were being considered." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Influenza __knowledge__ Influenza, commonly known as \"the flu\", is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus.", "Influenza __knowledge__ Symptoms can be mild to severe.", "Influenza __knowledge__ The most common symptoms include: a high fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pains, headache, coughing, and feeling tired.", "Influenza __knowledge__ These symptoms typically begin two days after exposure to the virus and most last less than a week.", "Influenza __knowledge__ The cough, however, may last for more than two weeks.", "Influenza __knowledge__ In children, there may be nausea and vomiting, but these are not common in adults.", "Influenza __knowledge__ Nausea and vomiting occur more commonly in the unrelated infection gastroenteritis, which is sometimes inaccurately referred to as \"stomach flu\" or the \"24-hour flu\".", "Influenza __knowledge__ Complications of influenza may include viral pneumonia, secondary bacterial pneumonia, sinus infections, and worsening of previous health problems such as asthma or heart failure.", "Influenza __knowledge__ Three types of influenza viruses affect people, called Type A, Type B, and Type C. Usually, the virus is spread through the air from coughs or sneezes.", "Influenza __knowledge__ This is believed to occur mostly over relatively short distances.", "Influenza __knowledge__ It can also be spread by touching surfaces contaminated by the virus and then touching the mouth or eyes.", "Influenza __knowledge__ A person may be infectious to others both before and during the time they are showing symptoms.", "1947 New York City smallpox outbreak __knowledge__ The 1947 New York City smallpox outbreak occurred in March, 1947 and was declared ended on April 24, 1947.", "1947 New York City smallpox outbreak __knowledge__ The outbreak marked two milestones for America.", "1947 New York City smallpox outbreak __knowledge__ First, it was the largest mass vaccination effort ever conducted for smallpox in America, and second, it marked the last outbreak of smallpox in America.", "1947 New York City smallpox outbreak __knowledge__ Within three weeks of the discovery of the outbreak, the U.S. Public Health Service, in conjunction with New York City health officials, had procured vaccine and inoculated over 6,350,000 adults and children.", "1947 New York City smallpox outbreak __knowledge__ Of that number, 5,000,000 had been vaccinated within the first two weeks.", "1947 New York City smallpox outbreak __knowledge__ The rapid response was credited with limiting the outbreak to 12 people, 10 of whom recovered, while 2 died.", "Vaccination policy __knowledge__ Vaccination policy refers to the health policy a government adopts in relation to vaccination.", "Vaccination policy __knowledge__ Vaccinations are voluntary in some countries and mandatory in others, as part of their public health system.", "Vaccination policy __knowledge__ Some governments pay all or part of the costs of vaccinations in a national vaccination schedule.", "Vaccination policy __knowledge__ Vaccination policies aim to produce immunity to preventable diseases.", "Vaccination policy __knowledge__ Besides individual protection from getting ill, some vaccination policies also aim to provide the community as a whole with herd immunity.", "Vaccination policy __knowledge__ Herd immunity refers to the idea that the pathogen will have trouble spreading when a significant part of the population has immunity against it.", "Epidemiology of measles __knowledge__ Measles is extremely contagious and its continued circulation in a community depends on the generation of susceptible hosts by birth of children.", "Epidemiology of measles __knowledge__ In communities which generate insufficient new hosts the disease will die out.", "Epidemiology of measles __knowledge__ This concept was first recognized in measles by Bartlett in 1957, who referred to the minimum number supporting measles as the critical community size (CCS).", "Epidemiology of measles __knowledge__ Analysis of outbreaks in island communities suggested that the CCS for measles is c. 250,000.", "Epidemiology of measles __knowledge__ In 2011, the WHO estimated that there were about 158,000 deaths caused by measles.", "Epidemiology of measles __knowledge__ This is down from 630,000 deaths in 1990.", "Herd immunity __knowledge__ Herd immunity (also called herd effect, community immunity, population immunity, or social immunity) is a form of indirect protection from infectious disease that occurs when a large percentage of a population has become immune to an infection, thereby providing a measure of protection for individuals who are not immune.", "Herd immunity __knowledge__ In a population in which a large number of individuals are immune, chains of infection are likely to be disrupted, which stops or slows the spread of disease.", "Herd immunity __knowledge__ The greater the proportion of individuals in a community who are immune, the smaller the probability that those who are not immune will come into contact with an infectious individual.", "Vaccine controversies __knowledge__ Vaccine controversies have occurred since almost 80 years before the terms vaccine and vaccination were introduced, and continue to this day.", "Vaccine controversies __knowledge__ Despite scientific consensus that recommended vaccines are safe and effective, unsubstantiated scares regarding their safety still occur, resulting in outbreaks and deaths from vaccine-preventable diseases.", "Vaccine controversies __knowledge__ Another source of controversy is whether mandatory vaccination policies violate civil liberties or religious principles.", "Vaccine controversies __knowledge__ Safety concerns often follow a pattern: a potential adverse effect is hypothesized; a premature announcement is made; the initial study is not reproduced; and finally, it takes several years for the vaccine to regain public confidence.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Influenza vaccine __knowledge__ Influenza vaccines, also known as flu shots or flu jabs, are vaccines that protect against infection by Influenza viruses.", "Influenza vaccine __knowledge__ A new version of the vaccine is developed twice a year, as the Influenza virus rapidly changes.", "Influenza vaccine __knowledge__ While their effectiveness varies from year to year, most provide modest to high protection against influenza.", "Influenza vaccine __knowledge__ The CDC estimates that vaccination against influenza reduces sickness, medical visits, hospitalizations, and deaths.", "Influenza vaccine __knowledge__ When an immunized worker does catch the flu, they are on average back at work a half day sooner.", "Influenza vaccine __knowledge__ Vaccine effectiveness in those under two years old and over 65 years old remains unknown due to the low quality of the research.", "Swine influenza __knowledge__ Swine influenza is an infection caused by any one of several types of swine influenza viruses.", "Swine influenza __knowledge__ Swine influenza virus (SIV) or swine-origin influenza virus (S-OIV) is any strain of the influenza family of viruses that is endemic in pigs.", "Swine influenza __knowledge__ As of 2009, the known SIV strains include influenza C and the subtypes of influenza A known as H1N1, H1N2, H2N1, H3N1, H3N2, and H2N3.", "Swine influenza __knowledge__ The Swine flu was initially seen in humans in Mexico in 2009, where the strain of the particular virus was a mixture from 3 types of strains.", "Swine influenza __knowledge__ Six of the genes are very similar to the H1N2 influenza virus that was found in pigs around 2000.", "Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 __knowledge__ Influenza A (H1N1) virus is the subtype of influenza A virus that was the most common cause of human influenza (flu) in 2009, and is associated with the 1918 outbreak known as the Spanish Flu.", "Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 __knowledge__ It is an orthomyxovirus that contains the glycoproteins haemagglutinin and neuraminidase.", "Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 __knowledge__ For this reason, they are described as H1N1, H1N2 etc.", "Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 __knowledge__ depending on the type of H or N antigens they express with metabolic synergy.", "Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 __knowledge__ Haemagglutinin causes red blood cells to clump together and binds the virus to the infected cell.", "Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 __knowledge__ Neuraminidase is a type of glycoside hydrolase enzyme which help to move the virus particles through the infected cell and assist in budding from the host cells.", "2009 flu pandemic in the United States by state __knowledge__ The United States experienced the beginnings of a pandemic of a novel strain of the influenza A/H1N1 virus, commonly referred to as \"swine flu\", in the spring of 2009.", "2009 flu pandemic in the United States by state __knowledge__ The earliest reported cases in the US began appearing in late March 2009 in California, then spreading to infect people in Texas, New York, and other states by mid-April.", "2009 flu pandemic in the United States by state __knowledge__ Early cases were associated with recent travel to Mexico; many were students who had traveled to Mexico for Spring Break.", "2009 flu pandemic in the United States by state __knowledge__ This spread continued across the country's population and by the end of May there were approximately 0 confirmed cases throughout all 50 states.", "2009 flu pandemic vaccine __knowledge__ The 2009 flu pandemic vaccines are the set of influenza vaccines that have been developed to protect against the pandemic H1N1/09 virus.", "2009 flu pandemic vaccine __knowledge__ These vaccines either contain inactivated (killed) influenza virus, or weakened live virus that cannot cause influenza.", "2009 flu pandemic vaccine __knowledge__ The killed vaccine is injected, while the live vaccine is given as an interperineal nasal spray.", "2009 flu pandemic vaccine __knowledge__ Both these types of vaccine are usually produced by growing the virus in chicken eggs.", "2009 flu pandemic vaccine __knowledge__ Around three billion doses will be produced annually, with delivery from November 2009.", "2009 flu pandemic vaccine __knowledge__ In studies, the vaccine appears both effective and safe, providing a strong protective immune response and having similar safety profile to the normal seasonal influenza vaccine.", "Childhood immunizations in the United States __knowledge__ The schedule of childhood immunizations in the United States is given by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).", "Childhood immunizations in the United States __knowledge__ The vaccination schedule is broken down by age: birth to six years of age, seven to eighteen, and adults nineteen and older.", "Childhood immunizations in the United States __knowledge__ Childhood Immunizations are key in preventing children for diseases that were once epidemics.", "Childhood immunizations in the United States __knowledge__ As with all medications, vaccines are continually monitored for safety, and like any medication, vaccines can cause side effects.", "Childhood immunizations in the United States __knowledge__ The side effects of vaccination are minor and go away within a few days.", "Childhood immunizations in the United States __knowledge__ There is a risk that the child could have a severe allergic reaction, but these reactions are rare." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 5 ]

[ "Have you ever had influenza, also known as \"the flu\" ? ", "I don't usually get sick either and so I often don't get vaccinated. But this year I got the flu and had such terrible muscle pains and fever!", "Good choice. I will never skip the flu shot again. I got a cough with it too, and it lasted more than two weeks!" ]

[ "Influenza", "Influenza", "Influenza" ]

[ "Blue\nHey! I really love the color blue.", "Oh yeah it is! What other colors can blue make?", "Oh that sounds beautiful! Is that like a teal color?", "Very cool! What are some gems or stones that are blue?", "I like sapphire! I like turquoise more, however. It's closer to teal." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ Varieties of the color blue may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation, intensity, or colorfulness), or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a blue or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ A large selection of these various colors is shown below.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ In this section, the term tint is used in its technical sense as used in color theory, meaning a blueish color mixed with white or light gray.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ Baby blue is known as one of the pastel colors.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ With a hue code of 199, this color is a tone of azure.", "Red states and blue states __knowledge__ Since the 2000 United States presidential election, red states and blue states have referred to states of the United States whose voters predominantly choose either the Republican Party (red) or Democratic Party (blue) presidential candidates.", "Red states and blue states __knowledge__ Since then, the use of the term has been expanded to differentiate between states being perceived as liberal and those perceived as conservative.", "Red states and blue states __knowledge__ Examining patterns within states reveals that the reversal has happened at the state level but is more complicated locally, with urban/rural divides associated with many of the largest changes.", "Red states and blue states __knowledge__ All states contain both liberal and conservative voters (i.e., are \"purple\") and only appear red/blue on the electoral map because of the winner-take-all system used by most states in the Electoral College.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune Records was an American family operated, independent record label located in Detroit, Michigan from 1946 to 1995.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ The label owners were Jack and Devora Brown, their son Sheldon Brown recorded for the label.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Original releases tapered off after 1972 aside from a few albums in the mid-1980s.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune specialized in R&B, blues, soul and doo-wop music, although the label also released pop, big band, hillbilly, gospel, rock and roll, and polka records.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune released some doo-wop tunes by Nolan Strong & The Diablos, such as \"The Wind\" (Fortune 511, 1954), \"The Way You Dog Me Around\" (Fortune 518, 1955), and \"Mind Over Matter\" (Fortune 546, 1962).", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ Bluets is a book by the American author Maggie Nelson, published by Wave Books in 2009.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ The work hybridizes several prose and poetry styles and is often referred to as lyric essay or prose poetry.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ \"Bluets\" was written between 2003 and 2006.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ The book is a philosophical and personal meditation on the color blue, lost love, grief and existential solitude.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ The book is full of references to other writers, philosophers and artists.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ The title refers to the painting \"Bluets\" by the artist Joan Mitchell.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ \"Bluets\" is a \"formal experiment\" that contains an arrangement of 240 loosely linked prose poems to which Nelson refers to as propositions.", "The Delfonics __knowledge__ The Delfonics are an American R&B/soul vocal group from Philadelphia.", "The Delfonics __knowledge__ The Delfonics were most popular in the late 1960s and early 1970s.", "The Delfonics __knowledge__ Their most notable hits include \"La-La (Means I Love You)\", \"Didn't I (Blow Your Mind This Time)\", \"Break Your Promise\", \"I'm Sorry\", and \"Ready or Not Here I Come (Can't Hide from Love)\".", "The Delfonics __knowledge__ Their hit songs were primarily written/composed and produced by lead vocalist and founding member William \"Poogie\" Hart and the musical instrumentation was arranged/conducted by songwriter and producer Thom Bell.", "The Delfonics __knowledge__ Their songs have been used in film soundtracks, including Quentin Tarantino's 1997 movie \"Jackie Brown\", in which \"La-La (Means I Love You)\" and \"Didn't I (Blow Your Mind This Time)\" underscore the pivotal relationship between the characters played by Pam Grier and Robert Forster.", "Really Love __knowledge__ \"Really Love\" is a song performed by American neo soul singer D'Angelo (officially credited to D'Angelo and the Vanguard), issued as the first single from his third studio album \"Black Messiah\".", "Really Love __knowledge__ It was his first single since 2008's \"I Found My Smile Again\".", "Really Love __knowledge__ The song was written by D'Angelo (credited under his real name, Michael Archer) along with Vanguard member Kendra Foster; the Spanish spoken-word segment was written and performed by Gina Figueroa.", "Really Love __knowledge__ It contains a sample of \"We the People Who Are Darker Than Blue\" by Curtis Mayfield.", "Really Love __knowledge__ The song was produced by D'Angelo.", "Really Love __knowledge__ The string section heard during the intro was arranged and conducted by Brent Fischer.", "Neil Young __knowledge__ Neil Percival Young, (born November 12, 1945), is a Canadian singer-songwriter, musician, producer, director and screenwriter.", "Neil Young __knowledge__ After embarking on a music career in the 1960s, he moved to Los Angeles, where he formed Buffalo Springfield with Stephen Stills, Richie Furay and others.", "Neil Young __knowledge__ Young had released two solo albums by the time he joined Crosby, Stills & Nash in 1969, in addition to three as a member of Buffalo Springfield.", "Neil Young __knowledge__ From his early solo albums and those with his backing band Crazy Horse, Young has recorded a steady stream of studio and live albums, sometimes warring with his recording company along the way." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is a single released in 1985 by the Swiss band Yello and featured on their album \"Stella\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song features a mix of electronic music and manipulated vocals.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song gained popularity after being featured in the films \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and \"The Secret of My Success\", among other films.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It has become an iconic anthem of the 1980s, and used to metaphorically represent lust (in various forms) and cocaine.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It is a popular staple in movies, television and commercials.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Its 1987 re-released version features the extra lyrics: \"such a good time / a really good time\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Describing the composition of \"Oh Yeah,\" Blank said, \"First I did the music and then I invited Dieter to sing along, and he came up with some lines which I thought, 'no Dieter, it's too complicated, we don't need that many lyrics'.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ Stella is the fourth studio album by the Swiss electronic band Yello, first released in Germany, Switzerland and Austria on 29 January 1985, and in the UK and US in March 1985.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ It was the first album made by the band without founder member Carlos Perón, and with his departure the remaining duo of Boris Blank and Dieter Meier began to move away from experimental electronic sounds towards a more commercial synthpop and cinematic soundtrack style.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ As well as becoming the first album ever by a Swiss group to top the Swiss album chart, it was the band's breakthrough album internationally, helped by the success of the song \"Oh Yeah\", which gained the band worldwide attention the following year after it was prominently featured in the 1986 film \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and then a year later in \"The Secret of My Success\".", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ Oh Yeah is a music centre located in Belfast, Northern Ireland, in the Cathedral Quarter.", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ It was founded primarily to support young talented musicians and bands from Northern Ireland and its huge and growing music scene by providing help and promotion, technical equipment for rehearsing, recording, gigs and event organisation, performing space and releases of band compilations (\"Oh Yeah Sessions\").", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ The Oh Yeah music centre's genres are varying in its manifoldness of Alternative rock, Indie rock, Electronica, Post rock, Post punk, Crossover, Experimental rock and further musical stylistic ways and conceptions.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ \"Sexy\" is the fifteenth episode of the second season of the American musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\", and the thirty-seventh episode overall.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ It was written by Brad Falchuk, directed by Ryan Murphy, and first aired on the Fox network on March 8, 2011.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ The episode mainly revolves around the topics of sex and adolescent sexuality.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ In it, Holly Holliday (Gwyneth Paltrow) returns to McKinley High School as a substitute teacher in a class devoted to sex education.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ Glee club director Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison) begins to develop feelings for Holly, and guidance counselor and celibacy club advisor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays) is less than pleased with Holly's lessons.", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is the first single from Trinidadian American female hip-hop artist Foxy Brown's third album \"Broken Silence\".", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" was officially released on May 4, 2001 in the United States.", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ Initially, it was released through the mixtape circuit in late 2000 with alternate lyrics- most notably on Foxy Brown's \"Best Of Foxy Brown\" mixtape in 2000, hosted by DJ Envy.", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ The single was unsuccessful, receiving little airplay on urban radio stations (though popular on New York City and the upper East Coast urban stations) and little video rotation on MTV, though it was slightly more successful on BET.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Oh Yeah!", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Cartoons is an American animation showcase that appeared on the Nickelodeon cable network, who which was created and guided by Fred Seibert, former Creative Director of MTV Networks and President of Hanna-Barbera.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Produced by Nickelodeon Animation Studio and Frederator Incorporated, it ran as part of Nickelodeon's Nicktoons lineup, and, in its second season, was hosted by Kenan Thompson of \"All That\" and \"Kenan & Kel\" fame; followed later by Josh Server, also from \"All That\", for its third season.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Bill Burnett composed the show's theme music.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ In terms of sheer volume, \"Oh Yeah!", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Cartoons\" remains TV's biggest animation development program ever.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ MBLAQ (, ; an acronym for Music Boys Live in Absolute Quality) is a South Korean boy group created by South Korean entertainer Rain under J.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ Tune Camp.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ The group consists of Seungho, G.O, and Mir, and formerly Lee Joon and Thunder.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ The group debuted on October 15, 2009, at Rain's Legend of Rainism concert.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ On October 14, 2009, the group released their debut single album, \"Just BLAQ\", which topped various online and offline music charts in South Korea.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ The group then released their first extended play album \"Y\" on May 19, 2010, and on January 10, 2011, MBLAQ released their first studio album, \"BLAQ Style\".", "Primary Colours (Eddy Current Suppression Ring album) __knowledge__ Primary Colours is the second album by Australian garage punk band Eddy Current Suppression Ring.", "Primary Colours (Eddy Current Suppression Ring album) __knowledge__ The album was recorded in a suburb of Melbourne over a 24-hour period in August 2007.", "Primary Colours (Eddy Current Suppression Ring album) __knowledge__ The album was first released on Aarght!", "Primary Colours (Eddy Current Suppression Ring album) __knowledge__ Records in Australia only on 5 May 2008, then on 9 September 2008 on Goner Records in the United States, and finally in the United Kingdom on Melodic Records on 17 August 2009.", "Primary Colours (Eddy Current Suppression Ring album) __knowledge__ \"Which Way to Go\" was the only single released from \"Primary Colours\".", "Primary Colours (Eddy Current Suppression Ring album) __knowledge__ \"Primary Colours\" peaked at No.", "Primary Colours (Eddy Current Suppression Ring album) __knowledge__ 13 on the ARIA Hitseekers Chart in June 2008.", "Primary Colours (Eddy Current Suppression Ring album) __knowledge__ It received generally positive reviews from critics, who praised the album's minimalistic sound and warm, personable lyrics.", "Primary Colours (album) __knowledge__ Primary Colours is the second studio album by English rock band the Horrors.", "Primary Colours (album) __knowledge__ It was released in the US on 21 April 2009, and in the UK on 4 May 2009 by record label XL.", "Primary Colours (album) __knowledge__ The album was produced by Geoff Barrow of Portishead, Craig Silvey and music video director Chris Cunningham.", "Primary Colours (album) __knowledge__ Recording took place in Bath during the summer of 2008.", "Primary Colours (album) __knowledge__ The band signed to XL Recordings after they left Loog Records in 2007.", "Primary Colours (album) __knowledge__ Regarding their time in the studio, band member Rhys \"Spider\" Webb commented: \"We had such an amazing time working on it, writing it and getting lost in it... we'd wander into the studio, and then never want to leave\".", "Primary Colours (Magic! album) __knowledge__ Primary Colours is the second full-length studio album by Canadian reggae fusion band MAGIC!", "Primary Colours (Magic! album) __knowledge__ The album was released on July 1, 2016, through Latium and RCA Records worldwide.", "Primary Colours (Magic! album) __knowledge__ It serves as the follow-up to the band's debut studio album, \"Don't Kill the Magic\" (2014).", "Primary Colours (Magic! album) __knowledge__ The album was led by the single \"Lay You Down Easy\", featuring Sean Paul.", "Primary Colours (Magic! album) __knowledge__ The group released their debut single \"Rude\" in late 2013, eventually achieving commercial success worldwide, reaching atop the U.S.", "Primary Colours (Magic! album) __knowledge__ Billboard Hot 100 singles chart for six consecutive weeks.", "Primary Colours (Magic! album) __knowledge__ The song had spent 16 weeks in the chart's top ten.", "Primary Colours (Magic! album) __knowledge__ With \"Rude\", Magic!", "Evolution of human colour vision __knowledge__ Evolution of human colour vision over time: humans (\"homo sapiens\") have developed a trichromatic view of the world in comparison to a majority of other mammals that only see the world from a dichromatic view.", "Evolution of human colour vision __knowledge__ Early human ancestors are believed to have viewed the world using UV vision as far back as 90 million years ago.", "Evolution of human colour vision __knowledge__ It is thought that the shift to trichromatic vision capabilities and the ability to see blue light have evolved as an adaptive trait over time.", "Evolution of human colour vision __knowledge__ It is believed that due to a number of environmental factors, ancestral humans lived with limited colour vision.", "Evolution of human colour vision __knowledge__ This is believed to have also been influenced by life styles, including being predominantly nocturnal.", "Chromoxylography __knowledge__ Chromoxylography was a colour woodblock printing process, popular from the mid-19th to the early-20th century, commonly used to produce illustrations in children's books, serial pulp magazines, and cover art for yellow-back and penny dreadfuls.", "Chromoxylography __knowledge__ In the 19th century the art of relief engraving and chromoxylography was perfected by engravers and printers, most notably in England by Victorian engraver and printer Edmund Evans.", "Chromoxylography __knowledge__ A wide range of hues and tones were produced by the color mixing of the chromoxylography process—a technique that was complicated, requiring intricate engraving and printing for good results.", "Magic! __knowledge__ Magic!, stylized as MAGIC!, is a Canadian reggae fusion band based in Toronto, Ontario.", "Magic! __knowledge__ The band is composed of lead vocalist, guitarist and producer Nasri Atweh (Nasri), guitarist Mark \"Pelli\" Pellizzer, bass guitarist Ben Spivak, and percussionist Alex Tanas.", "Magic! __knowledge__ Active since 2012, the band is signed with Latium, Sony, and RCA Records, releasing their debut studio album \"Don't Kill the Magic\" in 2014 and their second studio album \"Primary Colours\" in 2016.", "Magic! __knowledge__ They are best known for their hit single \"Rude\", which charted at No.", "Magic! __knowledge__ 1 in several countries worldwide.", "Magic! __knowledge__ The band is heavily inspired by The Police and Bob Marley and the Wailers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Jacksonville Jaguars __knowledge__ The Jacksonville Jaguars are an American professional football franchise based in Jacksonville, Florida.", "Jacksonville Jaguars __knowledge__ The Jaguars compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the American Football Conference (AFC) South division.", "Jacksonville Jaguars __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at EverBank Field.", "Jacksonville Jaguars __knowledge__ The Jaguars and the Carolina Panthers joined the NFL as expansion teams for the 1995 season.", "Jacksonville Jaguars __knowledge__ Since their inception, the Jaguars have won division championships in 1998 and 1999 (as members of the defunct AFC Central) and 2017 (as members of the AFC South) and have qualified for the playoffs seven times, most recently in 2017 after a ten-season playoff drought.", "Teal'c __knowledge__ Teal'c is a fictional character in the military science fiction television series \"Stargate SG-1\".", "Teal'c __knowledge__ Played by Christopher Judge, Teal'c is a Jaffa warrior from the planet Chulak.", "Teal'c __knowledge__ As a Jaffa, Teal'c is a genetically modified human with an abdominal pouch that serves as an incubator for a larval Goa'uld.", "Teal'c __knowledge__ The larval symbiote grants enhanced strength, health, healing, and longevity; Teal'c is around 100 years old during the show's run and ages an additional 50 years in the final \"SG-1\" episode.", "Teal'c __knowledge__ Teal'c's most notable feature is a golden tattoo found on his forehead, a sign that he once served the System Lord Apophis as First Prime, the most senior Jaffa rank.", "Green-winged teal __knowledge__ The green-winged teal (\"Anas carolinensis\" or \"Anas crecca carolinensis\") is a common and widespread duck that breeds in the northern areas of North America except on the Aleutian Islands.", "Green-winged teal __knowledge__ It was considered conspecific with the common teal (\"A. crecca\") for some time but the issue is still being reviewed by the American Ornithologists' Union; based on this the IUCN and BirdLife International do not accept it as a separate species at present.", "Green-winged teal __knowledge__ However, nearly all other authorities consider it distinct based on behavioral, morphological, and molecular evidence.", "Green-winged teal __knowledge__ The scientific name is from Latin \"Anas\", \"duck\" and \"carolinensis\", \"of Carolina\".", "Claud Eustace Teal __knowledge__ Claud Eustace Teal is a fictional character who made many appearances in a series of novels, novellas and short stories by Leslie Charteris featuring \"The Saint\", starting in 1929.", "Claud Eustace Teal __knowledge__ A common spelling variation of his first name in reference works and websites is Claude, however in his works Charteris uses the spelling without the 'e'.", "Claud Eustace Teal __knowledge__ Teal was a London-based police detective for Scotland Yard, with which he initially held the rank of Inspector.", "Claud Eustace Teal __knowledge__ He first appeared not in a Saint story, but in a 1929 novel entitled \"Daredevil\" as a friend of that book's hero, \"Storm\" Arden.", "Claud Eustace Teal __knowledge__ When Charteris decided to launch an ongoing series of stories featuring his Robin Hood-inspired anti-hero, Simon Templar (a.k.a.", "Hwy 55 Burgers, Shakes & Fries __knowledge__ Hwy 55 Burgers, Shakes & Fries is a fast casual restaurant chain that operates primarily on the East Coast of the United States.", "Hwy 55 Burgers, Shakes & Fries __knowledge__ Formerly known as Andy's Cheesesteaks and Cheeseburgers, the first location opened in Goldsboro, North Carolina, in 1991.", "Hwy 55 Burgers, Shakes & Fries __knowledge__ It now has 135 restaurants in the United States, the United Arab Emirates, and Denmark.", "Hwy 55 Burgers, Shakes & Fries __knowledge__ Kenney Moore began the business in 1991 by opening a now-defunct restaurant in Goldsboro, North Carolina's Berkeley Mall.", "Hwy 55 Burgers, Shakes & Fries __knowledge__ He asked the owners of his equipment to in-house finance his operation as he only had $500 to his name.", "Hwy 55 Burgers, Shakes & Fries __knowledge__ Moore quickly acquired three more closed restaurants and found himself $30,000 in debt to his foodservice distributor.", "Teal Wicks __knowledge__ Teal Wicks (born September 8, 1982 in Sacramento, California) is an American singer and stage actress, best known for her performances as Elphaba in the Broadway, San Francisco, and Los Angeles productions of the musical \"Wicked\" and as Mary Barrie in the musical \"Finding Neverland\".", "Teal Wicks __knowledge__ She played the role of Emma Carew, Dr. Jekyll's fiancée, in the Broadway revival of \"Jekyll & Hyde\" at the Marquis Theatre.", "Teal Wicks __knowledge__ Wicks attended Natomas High School in Sacramento.", "Teal Wicks __knowledge__ She graduated UC Irvine in 2005 with a degree in Drama and Honors in Musical Theatre.", "Teal Wicks __knowledge__ She was active in the UCI Theatre program, and had lead roles in productions including \"Chicago\", \"Hair\", and \"Cabaret\".", "TEAL __knowledge__ Tasman Empire Airways Limited (TEAL) was the forerunner of Air New Zealand.", "TEAL __knowledge__ The company was formed by an \"Intergovernmental Agreement for Tasman Sea Air Services\" (also known as the \"Tasman Sea Agreement\"), a treaty signed by the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand in London on 10 April 1940.", "TEAL __knowledge__ TEAL was first registered in Wellington as a limited liability company on 26 April 1940.", "TEAL __knowledge__ The company's purpose was originally to transport mail, passengers and cargo across the Tasman Sea between Australia and New Zealand, during World War II.", "TEAL __knowledge__ The treaty was originally intended to end within 3 months after hostilities with Germany ended, however was extended in 1949, the agreement ended on 31 March 1954, with control and ownership passing into normal commercial arrangements.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ Anaglyph 3D is the name given to the stereoscopic 3D effect achieved by means of encoding each eye's image using filters of different (usually chromatically opposite) colors, typically red and cyan.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ Anaglyph 3D images contain two differently filtered colored images, one for each eye.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ When viewed through the \"color-coded\" \"anaglyph glasses\", each of the two images reaches the eye it's intended for, revealing an integrated stereoscopic image.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ The visual cortex of the brain fuses this into the perception of a three-dimensional scene or composition.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ Anaglyph images have seen a recent resurgence due to the presentation of images and video on the Web, Blu-ray Discs, CDs, and even in print.", "Shades of cyan __knowledge__ This article is about notable tints and shades of the color cyan, a greenish blue.", "Shades of cyan __knowledge__ Cyan is one of the subtractive primary colors- cyan, magenta, and yellow.", "Shades of cyan __knowledge__ The first recorded use of \"cyan blue\" (\"cyan blue\" was the name used for the color \"cyan\" in the 19th century) as a color name in English was in 1879.", "Shades of cyan __knowledge__ In color printing, the shade of cyan called process cyan or pigment cyan is one of the three primary pigment colors which, along with yellow and magenta, constitute the three subtractive primary colors of pigment.", "Shades of cyan __knowledge__ (The secondary colors of pigment are blue, green, and red.)", "Shades of cyan __knowledge__ As such, the CMYK printing process was invented in the 1890s, when newspapers began to publish color comic strips.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Complementary colors are pairs of colors which, when combined, cancel each other out.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ This means that when combined, they produce a gray-scale color like white or black.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ When placed next to each other, they create the strongest contrast for those particular two colors.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Due to this striking color clash, the term opposite colors is often considered more appropriate than \"complementary colors\".", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Which pairs of colors are considered complementary depends on the color theory one uses: On the traditional color wheel developed in the 18th century, used by Claude Monet and Vincent van Gogh and other painters, and still used by many artists today, the primary colors were considered to be red, yellow, and blue, and the primary–secondary complementary pairs are red–green (Christmas), blue-orange (Westwood), and yellow–purple (Mesa High).", "Color photography __knowledge__ Color (or colour) photography is photography that uses media capable of reproducing colors.", "Color photography __knowledge__ By contrast, black-and-white (monochrome) photography records only a single channel of luminance (brightness) and uses media capable only of showing shades of gray.", "Color photography __knowledge__ In color photography, electronic sensors or light-sensitive chemicals record color information at the time of exposure.", "Color photography __knowledge__ This is usually done by analyzing the spectrum of colors into three channels of information, one dominated by red, another by green and the third by blue, in imitation of the way the normal human eye senses color.", "Color photography __knowledge__ The recorded information is then used to reproduce the original colors by mixing various proportions of red, green and blue light (RGB color, used by video displays, digital projectors and some historical photographic processes), or by using dyes or pigments to remove various proportions of the red, green and blue which are present in white light (CMY color, used for prints on paper and transparencies on film).", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ Many languages do not distinguish between what in English are described as \"blue\" and \"green\" and instead use a cover term spanning both.", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ To describe this English lexical gap, linguists use the portmanteau word \"grue\", from \"green\" and \"blue\", which the philosopher Nelson Goodman coined in his 1955 \"Fact, Fiction, and Forecast\" to illustrate the \"new riddle of induction\".", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ The exact definition of \"blue\" and \"green\" may be complicated by the speakers not primarily distinguishing the hue, but using terms that describe other color components such as saturation and luminosity, or other properties of the object being described.", "Cyan __knowledge__ Cyan ( or ) is a greenish-blue color.", "Cyan __knowledge__ It is evoked by light with a predominant wavelength of between 490520 nm, between the wavelengths of blue and green.", "Cyan __knowledge__ In the subtractive color system, or CMYK (subtractive), which can be overlaid to produce all colors in paint and color printing, cyan is one of the primary colors, along with magenta, yellow, and black.", "Cyan __knowledge__ In the additive color system, or RGB (additive) color model, used to create all the colors on a computer or television display, cyan is made by mixing equal amounts of green and blue light.", "Cyan __knowledge__ Cyan is the complement of red; it can be made by the removal of red from white light.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ A color wheel or colour circle is an abstract illustrative organization of color hues around a circle, which shows the relationships between primary colors, secondary colors, tertiary colors etc.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ Some sources use the terms \"color wheel\" and \"color circle\" interchangeably; however, one term or the other may be more prevalent in certain fields or certain versions as mentioned above.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ For instance, some reserve the term \"color wheel\" for mechanical rotating devices, such as color tops or filter wheels.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ Others classify various color wheels as \"color disc\", \"color chart\", and \"color scale\" varieties." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Infinity Gems __knowledge__ The Infinity Gems, originally referred to as Soul Gems and later referred to as Infinity Stones, are six immensely powerful fictional gems appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Infinity Gems __knowledge__ Whoever holds all six Gems and uses them in concert gains omnipotence and omniscience.", "Infinity Gems __knowledge__ The six primary Gems are the Mind Gem, the Soul Gem, the Space Gem, the Power Gem, the Time Gem and the Reality Gem, and in later storylines, crossovers and other media, a seventh Infinity Gem (Ego or Rhythm) is sometimes added.", "Infinity Gems __knowledge__ The Gems play a prominent role in the first three phases of the Marvel Cinematic Universe, where they are known as the Infinity Stones.", "Engraved gem __knowledge__ An engraved gem, frequently referred to as an intaglio, is a small and usually semi-precious gemstone that has been carved, in the Western tradition normally with images or inscriptions only on one face.", "Engraved gem __knowledge__ The engraving of gemstones was a major luxury art form in the Ancient world, and an important one in some later periods.", "Engraved gem __knowledge__ Strictly speaking, engraving means carving \"in intaglio\" (with the design cut \"into\" the flat background of the stone), but relief carvings (with the design projecting \"out of\" the background as in nearly all cameos) are also covered by the term.", "Engraved gem __knowledge__ This article uses \"cameo\" in its strict sense, to denote a carving exploiting layers of differently coloured stone.", "GEMS Education __knowledge__ GEMS Education, founded as Global Education Management Systems (GEMS), is an international education company.", "GEMS Education __knowledge__ It is a global advisory and educational management firm, and is the largest operator of kindergarten-to-grade-12 schools in the world, with a network of over 70 schools in over a dozen countries.", "GEMS Education __knowledge__ Founded by Sunny Varkey, GEMS provides pre-school, primary, and secondary education.", "GEMS Education __knowledge__ Through its consultancy arm, GEMS Education Solutions, the company works internationally with public and private sector clients on school improvement initiatives.", "GEMS Education __knowledge__ The Varkey Foundation, formerly known as the Varkey GEMS Foundation, is the philanthropic arm of GEMS Education.", "Gemstone __knowledge__ A gemstone (also called a gem, fine gem, jewel, precious stone, or semi-precious stone) is a piece of mineral crystal which, in cut and polished form, is used to make jewelry or other adornments.", "Gemstone __knowledge__ However, certain rocks (such as lapis lazuli, opal, and jade) or organic materials that are not minerals (such as amber, jet, and pearl) are also used for jewelry and are therefore often considered to be gemstones as well.", "Gemstone __knowledge__ Most gemstones are hard, but some soft minerals are used in jewelry because of their luster or other physical properties that have aesthetic value.", "Gemstone __knowledge__ Rarity is another characteristic that lends value to a gemstone.", "Jewellery __knowledge__ Jewellery (British English) or jewelry (American English) consists of small decorative items worn for personal adornment, such as brooches, rings, necklaces, earrings, pendants and bracelets.", "Jewellery __knowledge__ Jewellery may be attached to the body or the clothes, and the term is restricted to durable ornaments, excluding flowers for example.", "Jewellery __knowledge__ For many centuries metal, often combined with gemstones, has been the normal material for jewellery, but other materials such as shells and other plant materials may be used.", "Jewellery __knowledge__ It is one of the oldest type of archaeological artefact – with 100,000-year-old beads made from \"Nassarius\" shells thought to be the oldest known jewellery.", "List of Steven Universe characters __knowledge__ \"Steven Universe\" is an American animated television series created by Rebecca Sugar.", "List of Steven Universe characters __knowledge__ It is produced by Cartoon Network Studios, and is the first show by the studio to be created by a woman.", "List of Steven Universe characters __knowledge__ The series focuses on the adventures of the Crystal Gems—magical alien warriors who protect the Earth from their own kind—and the humans they interact with in the fictional town of Beach City.", "List of Steven Universe characters __knowledge__ It has received critical acclaim for the diversity of its characters and their depth of characterization; its portrayal of relationships, including queer relationships; and its subversion of stereotypical gender norms.", "Diamond __knowledge__ Diamond ( or ) is a metastable allotrope of carbon, where the carbon atoms are arranged in a variation of the face-centered cubic crystal structure called a diamond lattice.", "Diamond __knowledge__ Diamond is less stable than graphite, but the conversion rate from diamond to graphite is negligible at standard conditions.", "Diamond __knowledge__ Diamond is renowned as a material with superlative physical qualities, most of which originate from the strong covalent bonding between its atoms.", "Diamond __knowledge__ In particular, diamond has the highest hardness and thermal conductivity of any bulk material.", "Diamond __knowledge__ Those properties determine the major industrial application of diamond in cutting and polishing tools and the scientific applications in diamond knives and diamond anvil cells.", "Shades of cyan __knowledge__ This article is about notable tints and shades of the color cyan, a greenish blue.", "Shades of cyan __knowledge__ Cyan is one of the subtractive primary colors- cyan, magenta, and yellow.", "Shades of cyan __knowledge__ The first recorded use of \"cyan blue\" (\"cyan blue\" was the name used for the color \"cyan\" in the 19th century) as a color name in English was in 1879.", "Shades of cyan __knowledge__ In color printing, the shade of cyan called process cyan or pigment cyan is one of the three primary pigment colors which, along with yellow and magenta, constitute the three subtractive primary colors of pigment.", "Shades of cyan __knowledge__ (The secondary colors of pigment are blue, green, and red.)", "Shades of cyan __knowledge__ As such, the CMYK printing process was invented in the 1890s, when newspapers began to publish color comic strips.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Varieties of the color green may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation or intensity) or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a green or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ A large selection of these various colors is shown below.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Green is common in nature, especially in plants.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Many plants are green mainly because of a complex chemical known as chlorophyll which is involved in photosynthesis.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Many shades of green have been named after plants or are related to plants.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ Azure ( ) is a variation of blue that is often described as the color of the sky on a clear day.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ On the , \"azure\" (color #007FFF) is defined as the color at 210 degrees, i.e., the hue halfway between blue and cyan.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ In the RGB color model, used to create all the colors on a television or computer screen, azure is created by adding a little green light to blue light.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ The complementary color of azure is orange.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ In the X11 color system which became a standard for early web colors, azure is depicted as a pale cyan.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ The color azure ultimately takes its name from the intense blue mineral lapis lazuli. '", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ Varieties of the color blue may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation, intensity, or colorfulness), or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a blue or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ A large selection of these various colors is shown below.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ In this section, the term tint is used in its technical sense as used in color theory, meaning a blueish color mixed with white or light gray.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ Baby blue is known as one of the pastel colors.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ With a hue code of 199, this color is a tone of azure.", "Spring green __knowledge__ Spring green is a color included on the color wheel that is precisely halfway between cyan and green.", "Spring green __knowledge__ When plotted on the CIE chromaticity diagram it corresponds to a visual stimulus of 505 nanometers on the visible spectrum.", "Spring green __knowledge__ \"Spring green\" is a pure chroma on the color wheel.", "Spring green __knowledge__ In HSV color space, the expression of which is known as the , \"spring green\" has a hue of 150°.", "Spring green __knowledge__ Spring green is one of the tertiary colors on the RGB color wheel.", "Spring green __knowledge__ The complementary color of \"spring green\" is rose.", "Spring green __knowledge__ Displayed at right is the color spring green.", "Spring green __knowledge__ \"Spring green\" is a web color.", "Spring green __knowledge__ The first recorded use of \"spring green\" as a color name in English was in 1766.", "Cyan __knowledge__ Cyan ( or ) is a greenish-blue color.", "Cyan __knowledge__ It is evoked by light with a predominant wavelength of between 490520 nm, between the wavelengths of blue and green.", "Cyan __knowledge__ In the subtractive color system, or CMYK (subtractive), which can be overlaid to produce all colors in paint and color printing, cyan is one of the primary colors, along with magenta, yellow, and black.", "Cyan __knowledge__ In the additive color system, or RGB (additive) color model, used to create all the colors on a computer or television display, cyan is made by mixing equal amounts of green and blue light.", "Cyan __knowledge__ Cyan is the complement of red; it can be made by the removal of red from white light.", "Rose (color) __knowledge__ Rose is the color halfway between red and magenta on the HSV color wheel, also known as the , on which it is at hue angle of 330 degrees.", "Rose (color) __knowledge__ Rose is one of the tertiary colors on the HSV (RGB) color wheel.", "Rose (color) __knowledge__ The complementary color of rose is spring green.", "Rose (color) __knowledge__ Sometimes rose is quoted instead as the web-safe color FF00CC, which is closer to magenta than to red, corresponding to a hue angle near 320 degrees, or the web-safe color FF0077, which is closer to red than magenta, corresponding to a hue angle of about 340 degrees.", "Rose (color) __knowledge__ The first recorded use of \"rose\" as a color name in English was in 1382.", "Rose (color) __knowledge__ The etymology of the color name rose is the same as that of the name of the rose flower." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Pearlie __knowledge__ Pearlie is a 2009 Australian/Canadian animated comedy series based on the children's book series \"Pearlie the Park Fairy\" by Wendy Harmer.", "Pearlie __knowledge__ Pearlie is a co-production between Australian children's television producer Sticky Pictures and Canadian animation house Nelvana.", "Pearlie __knowledge__ The series aired on Network Ten in Australia, YTV in Canada, Pop Girl in the United Kingdom, and airs reruns on Qubo in the United States.", "Pearlie __knowledge__ Australian media distributor Madman Entertainment released five DVDs of Pearlie in 2010.", "Pearlie __knowledge__ Pearlie is a park fairy appointed by Fairy Headquarters to keep Jubilee Park in order.", "Pearlie __knowledge__ She is full of over-the-top plans for parties and events for the park and its residents, and as she puts it, \"everything has to be perfect\" for whatever it is she's planning.", "Princess Knight __knowledge__ Princess Knight, also known as , is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Osamu Tezuka.", "Princess Knight __knowledge__ This manga follows the adventures of Princess Sapphire, a girl who pretends to be a male prince to prevent the evil Duke Duralumin from inheriting the throne of Silverland.", "Princess Knight __knowledge__ It was originally serialized in Kodansha's \"Shōjo Club\" from 1953 to 1956, later collected and released into two \"tankōbon\" volumes.", "Princess Knight __knowledge__ A television series was produced by Mushi Production, which aired on Japan's Fuji Television from 1967 to 1968.", "Princess Knight __knowledge__ \"Princess Knight\" also ran through three other serializations between 1958 and 1968, and has spawned many types of related merchandise.", "Bonkers (compilation album series) __knowledge__ The Bonkers series was one of the leading happy hardcore compilation series in the UK.", "Bonkers (compilation album series) __knowledge__ The first release was in 1996 on record label React (now Resist), it was available on 2xCD and 2xTC formats.", "Bonkers (compilation album series) __knowledge__ DJs DJ Sharkey and Hixxy were signed by React and the pair released \"Bonkers\", the first in a series of albums which has become the best-selling hardcore compilation series of all time.", "Bonkers (compilation album series) __knowledge__ The series is currently on its nineteenth release, with Bonkers: The Original Hardcore having been released on 11 May 2009.", "Bonkers (compilation album series) __knowledge__ Bonkers 1-15 was also licensed to \"Get over the records\" in 2005 for Japanese branded releases.", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ Many languages do not distinguish between what in English are described as \"blue\" and \"green\" and instead use a cover term spanning both.", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ To describe this English lexical gap, linguists use the portmanteau word \"grue\", from \"green\" and \"blue\", which the philosopher Nelson Goodman coined in his 1955 \"Fact, Fiction, and Forecast\" to illustrate the \"new riddle of induction\".", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ The exact definition of \"blue\" and \"green\" may be complicated by the speakers not primarily distinguishing the hue, but using terms that describe other color components such as saturation and luminosity, or other properties of the object being described.", "Teal'c __knowledge__ Teal'c is a fictional character in the military science fiction television series \"Stargate SG-1\".", "Teal'c __knowledge__ Played by Christopher Judge, Teal'c is a Jaffa warrior from the planet Chulak.", "Teal'c __knowledge__ As a Jaffa, Teal'c is a genetically modified human with an abdominal pouch that serves as an incubator for a larval Goa'uld.", "Teal'c __knowledge__ The larval symbiote grants enhanced strength, health, healing, and longevity; Teal'c is around 100 years old during the show's run and ages an additional 50 years in the final \"SG-1\" episode.", "Teal'c __knowledge__ Teal'c's most notable feature is a golden tattoo found on his forehead, a sign that he once served the System Lord Apophis as First Prime, the most senior Jaffa rank.", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ Star Sapphire is the name of several fictional characters in DC Comics; many of them are villainous, and all connected in origin.", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ Within DC continuity, an immortal race of warrior women (the Zamarons) were depicted as having the ancient tradition of choosing physically identical mortals from across the cosmos to serve as the host body for their queen.", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ The woman chosen to serve this queen is called \"Star Sapphire\".", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ She is given the queen's symbolic weapon; a crystal resembling an actual star sapphire that grants the user powers similar to the power ring of Green Lanterns.", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ In the 2000s the term came to refer to the Star Sapphires, an organization whose members in part include women previously depicted as the singular Star Sapphire in DC titles.", "Turquoise __knowledge__ Turquoise is an opaque, blue-to-green mineral that is a hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium, with the chemical formula CuAl(PO)(OH)·4HO.", "Turquoise __knowledge__ It is rare and valuable in finer grades and has been prized as a gemstone and ornamental stone for thousands of years owing to its unique hue.", "Turquoise __knowledge__ In recent times, turquoise has been devalued, like most other opaque gems, by the introduction onto the market of treatments, imitations and synthetics.", "Turquoise __knowledge__ The gemstone has been known by many names.", "Turquoise __knowledge__ Pliny the Elder referred to the mineral as \"callais\" and the Aztecs knew it as \"chalchihuitl\".", "Turquoise __knowledge__ The word \"turquoise\" dates to the 17th century and is derived from the French \"turquois\" for \"Turkish\" because the mineral was first brought to Europe from Turkey, from mines in the historical Khorasan Province of Persia.", "Sapphire __knowledge__ Sapphire is a gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum, an aluminium oxide ().", "Sapphire __knowledge__ It is typically blue, but natural \"fancy\" sapphires also occur in yellow, purple, orange, and green colors; \"parti sapphires\" show two or more colors.", "Sapphire __knowledge__ The only color which sapphire cannot be is red – as red colored corundum is called ruby, another corundum variety.", "Sapphire __knowledge__ Pink colored corundum may be either classified as ruby or sapphire depending on locale.", "Sapphire __knowledge__ This variety in color is due to trace amounts of elements such as iron, titanium, chromium, copper, or magnesium.", "Sapphire __knowledge__ Commonly, natural sapphires are cut and polished into gemstones and worn in jewelry.", "Yogo sapphire __knowledge__ Yogo sapphires are a variety of corundum found only in Yogo Gulch, part of the Little Belt Mountains in Judith Basin County, Montana, United States, on land once inhabited by the Piegan Blackfeet people.", "Yogo sapphire __knowledge__ Yogos are typically cornflower blue, a result of trace amounts of iron and titanium.", "Yogo sapphire __knowledge__ They have high uniform clarity and maintain their brilliance under artificial light.", "Yogo sapphire __knowledge__ Because Yogo sapphires occur within a vertically dipping resistive igneous dike, mining efforts have been sporadic and rarely profitable.", "Yogo sapphire __knowledge__ It is estimated that at least 28 million carats () of Yogos are still in the ground.", "Yogo sapphire __knowledge__ Jewelry containing Yogos was given to First Ladies Florence Harding and Bess Truman; in addition, many gems were sold in Europe, though promoters' claims that Yogos are in the crown jewels of England or the engagement ring of Princess Diana are dubious.", "Ingo tetralogy __knowledge__ The Ingo tetralogy is a series of four children's novels, set in Cornwall, by British author Helen Dunmore.", "Ingo tetralogy __knowledge__ The four books are, in chronological order, \"Ingo\", \"The Tide Knot\", \"The Deep\" and \"The Crossing of Ingo\".", "Ingo tetralogy __knowledge__ The first book was nominated for the 2008 Booktrust Teenage Prize.", "Ingo tetralogy __knowledge__ There are 4 books in this series, written by Helen Dunmore.", "Ingo tetralogy __knowledge__ Ingo Sapphire is faced with her father’s (Matthew Trewhella who is coincidently related to the Matthew Trewhella associated with the Zennor mermaid) sudden disappearance when he left Sapphire’s mother after an argument.", "Ingo tetralogy __knowledge__ All they found was his boat, the Peggy Gordan, capsized with nothing in it.", "Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire __knowledge__ The gameplay is mostly unchanged from the previous games; the player controls the main character from an overhead perspective, and the controls are largely the same as those of previous games.", "Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire __knowledge__ As with previous games, the main objectives are to catch all of the Pokémon in the games and defeat the Elite Four (a group of Pokémon trainers); also like their predecessors, the games' main subplot involves the main character defeating a criminal organization that attempts to take over the region.", "Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire __knowledge__ New features, such as double battles and Pokémon abilities along with 135 new Pokémon, have been added.", "Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire __knowledge__ As the Game Boy Advance is more powerful than its predecessors, four players may be connected at a time instead of the previous limit of two." ] ]

[ 1, 0, 55, 0, 42 ]

[ "So do I! it is one of the three primary colours??", "One of my favorite colors blue can make is when it is mixed with green. This color is called Cyan", "Yes it is! The first recorded use of Cyan was in 1879!", "Sapphire is probably the most well known.", "I also like turquoise. It's chemical formula is CuAl(PO)(OH)·4HO." ]

[ "Blue", "Blue", "Blue", "Blue", "Blue" ]

[ "Roofer\nMy dad is a roofer and wants me to work for him but I dont know much about it", "Yeah I think he does. He has been doing it forever", "Yeah he sometimes climbs houses without support lines", "I think I have heard them called that before" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Roofer __knowledge__ A roofer or roof mechanic is a construction worker who specializes in roof construction.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Roofers concentrate on the application of materials that waterproof and/or weatherproof buildings, designed material—as a substrate for the roofing materials to be installed on, the rafters, beams, and trusses are the frame or skeleton for the roof to be built upon.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Roofers must be able to work, have good motor skills and possess general carpentry skills.", "Roofer __knowledge__ In Australia this type of carpenter is called a \"roof carpenter\" and the term \"roofer\" refers to someone who installs the roof \"cladding\" (tiles, tin, etc.).", "Roofer __knowledge__ In the United States and Canada, they're often referred to as roofing contractors.", "Roofer __knowledge__ The most common roofing material in the United States is asphalt shingles.", "Roofer __knowledge__ In the past, 3-tab shingles were used; nowadays, \"architectural\" or \"dimensional\" shingles are becoming very popular.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Depending on the region, other commonly applied roofing materials installed by roofers include concrete tiles, clay tiles, natural or synthetic slate, single-ply (Primarily EPDM or Rubber, PVC, or TPO), rubber shingles (made from recycled tires), glass, metal panels or shingles, wood shakes or shingles, liquid-applied, hot asphalt/rubber, foam, thatch, solar tiles, and specialty roofs like Duro-Last.", "Romeo Miller __knowledge__ Percy Romeo Miller, Jr. (born August 19, 1989), better known by his stage name Maserati Rome or simply Rome (formerly Lil' Romeo and Romeo) or his acting/business name Romeo Miller, is an American rapper, actor, basketball player, entrepreneur, and model.", "Romeo Miller __knowledge__ Miller is the son of hip hop artist Master P. Miller has founded the record labels Guttar Music, Take A Stand, The Next Generation and his current label No Limit Forever.", "Romeo Miller __knowledge__ Miller gained fame in the early 2000s after signing with No Limit Records, his father's label at the time, with the help of his debut single \"My Baby\" which went on to be certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ This article contains a list of characters from the telenovela \"Rebelde\".", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ \"Rebelde\" features several different plotlines, many of which are put on hold for several episodes before they are resumed.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ Many of the minor characters often play central roles for a single episode before returning to the background.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ Mía Colucci Caceres is Franco Colucci's only daughter with his first wife, Marina Caceres.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ The most popular girl at Elite Way School, she comes from a wealthy and privileged family who lives in Mexico City.", "List of Rebelde characters __knowledge__ Spoiled and self-centered, she however can be very loyal, attentive and tender towards those she loves.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ It ran on for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005 and it is followed by \"The Dumping Ground\" that has aired since 2013.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ Dani Harmer and Lisa Coleman reprised their roles as Tracy Beaker and Cam Lawson for \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ Gina Conway, played by Kay Purcell, is a careworker at \"Elm Tree House\" in \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" and the first series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "Mahesh Chandra Regmi __knowledge__ Mahesh Chandra Regmi (December 1929 – July 2003) was a historian and archivist of Nepal.", "Mahesh Chandra Regmi __knowledge__ In 1977, became the first Nepali to receive the Ramon Magsaysay Award, Asia's most renowned award, for creating the Research Series.", "Mahesh Chandra Regmi __knowledge__ Regmi was awarded the prestigious Ramon Magsaysay Award in 1977 for recognition of his“chronicling of Nepal’s past and present, enabling his people to discover their origins anddelineating national options.” The citation presented to him on that occasion can be found atwww.rmaf.org.ph/Awardees/Citation/CitationRegmiMah.htm In honor of the contributions made by Regmi to the scholarship on Nepal, the Kathmandu-based academic NGO Social Science Baha instituted the annual Mahesh C. Regmi lecture series in 2003, the first of which was attended by Regmi himself, just weeks before his death.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ As the World Turns is a long-running soap opera television series that aired on CBS from April 2, 1956, to September 17, 2010.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ Its fictional world has a long and involved history.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ List of characters who were part of the original cast: Like many daytime dramas of the period, the show entered into a mixed experiment with heavily youth-oriented action-adventure storylines in the early 1980s under producer Mary-Ellis Bunim and writers Bridget and Jerome Dobson.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ One of their juiciest stories centered around the various and sundry traumas endured by Jennifer's daughter Barbara Ryan (Colleen Zenk Pinter) - during the years of her marriage to the charismatic criminal James Stenbeck (Anthony Herrera) (This was after she had left Tom Hughes at the altar in June 1980).", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ What Price Confidence?", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ (translated as \"Vertrauenssache\") is a chamber opera in nine scenes with music and libretto by Ernst Krenek, his Op.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ 111.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ This \"little drawing room comedy\" is set in London at the turn of the 20th century, and features a protagonist not unlike Max in \"Jonny spielt auf\", as the author points out in a preface; it owes something to Melville as well (specifically \"The Confidence-Man\"), as do his next two operas.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ Composed during the winter of 1944–45 in St. Paul, it was Krenek's second attempt at an American opera and employed only four singers and piano.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ It shared the fate of \"Tarquin\" in only reaching a belated premiere in Germany (Saarbrücken, 23 May 1962), but this time Krenek was sufficiently satisfied with his work to publish it with Bärenreiter (BA 4301), remarking that the Met singers who requested a touring piece simply couldn't find time for a hoped-for performance." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Roofer __knowledge__ A roofer or roof mechanic is a construction worker who specializes in roof construction.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Roofers concentrate on the application of materials that waterproof and/or weatherproof buildings, designed material—as a substrate for the roofing materials to be installed on, the rafters, beams, and trusses are the frame or skeleton for the roof to be built upon.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Roofers must be able to work, have good motor skills and possess general carpentry skills.", "Roofer __knowledge__ In Australia this type of carpenter is called a \"roof carpenter\" and the term \"roofer\" refers to someone who installs the roof \"cladding\" (tiles, tin, etc.).", "Roofer __knowledge__ In the United States and Canada, they're often referred to as roofing contractors.", "Roofer __knowledge__ The most common roofing material in the United States is asphalt shingles.", "Roofer __knowledge__ In the past, 3-tab shingles were used; nowadays, \"architectural\" or \"dimensional\" shingles are becoming very popular.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Depending on the region, other commonly applied roofing materials installed by roofers include concrete tiles, clay tiles, natural or synthetic slate, single-ply (Primarily EPDM or Rubber, PVC, or TPO), rubber shingles (made from recycled tires), glass, metal panels or shingles, wood shakes or shingles, liquid-applied, hot asphalt/rubber, foam, thatch, solar tiles, and specialty roofs like Duro-Last.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Stone is a 2010 U.S. crime thriller film directed by John Curran and starring Robert De Niro, Edward Norton and Milla Jovovich.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Most of the filming was done in Washtenaw County, Michigan.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ This was the final film to be released by Overture Films.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Young mother Madylyn Mabry puts her daughter to bed while her husband Jack watches golf on television.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ A bee buzzes around the window as she stays with her girl.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ After the child is asleep, she goes downstairs and announces she's leaving, saying \"You keep my soul in a dungeon.\"", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ He takes a moment to disconnect from the game, then runs upstairs to the bedroom and holds their daughter out the window, threatening to drop her if Madylyn leaves.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ F.A.M.E.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ (abbreviated as Forgiving All My Enemies) is the fourth studio album by American singer Chris Brown.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ It was first released on March 18, 2011, by Jive Records.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ The album serves as the follow-up to his third album \"Graffiti\" (2009).", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ The album also marks his last album with Jive Records.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ On this album, Brown worked with several record producers and songwriters; including Kevin McCall, Jean-Baptiste, Brian Kennedy, DJ Frank E, The Underdogs and The Messengers, among others.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances, from Wiz Khalifa, Game, Timbaland and Big Sean, among others.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ Musically, \"F.A.M.E.\"", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "Traxxas __knowledge__ Traxxas is a radio control model manufacturer based in McKinney, Texas, United States.", "Traxxas __knowledge__ Traxxas offers electric and nitro powered vehicles (on-road and off-road), boats, and aircraft for drivers of all skill levels.", "Traxxas __knowledge__ Traxxas' slogan is \"The Fastest Name In Radio Control\".", "Traxxas __knowledge__ Traxxas was founded in 1986, with the goal of offering fully assembled, hobby-level radio control cars that could be run right out of the box with little or no assembly, an idea that was new at the time.", "Traxxas __knowledge__ Traxxas began offering models as \"Ready-to-Run\" or \"RTR\", but now refers to these models as \"Ready-To-Race\".", "Traxxas __knowledge__ Starting in 1987, Traxxas began selling a series of electric powered stadium truck and buggy models.", "Waterproofing __knowledge__ Waterproofing is the process of making an object or structure waterproof or water-resistant so that it remains relatively unaffected by water or resisting the ingress of water under specified conditions.", "Waterproofing __knowledge__ Such items may be used in wet environments or under water to specified depths.", "Waterproofing __knowledge__ \"Water resistant\" and \"waterproof\" often refer to penetration of water in its liquid state and possibly under pressure, whereas \"damp proof\" refers to resistance to humidity or dampness.", "Waterproofing __knowledge__ Permeation of water vapor through a material or structure is reported as a moisture vapor transmission rate.", "Waterproofing __knowledge__ The hulls of boats and ships were once waterproofed by applying tar or pitch.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik clothing (Yup'ik \"aturaq\" \"aturak\" \"aturat\" , \"aklu\", \"akluq\", \"un’u\" ; also, \"piluguk\" in Unaliq-Pastuliq dialect, \"aklu\", \"cangssagar\", \"un’u\" in Nunivak dialect) refers to the traditional Eskimo-style clothing worn by the Yupik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik clothing for the Chevak Cup'ik-speaking people of Chevak and Cup'ig clothing for the Nunivak Cup'ig-speaking people of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ The traditional clothing system developed and used by the Eskimo peoples is the most effective cold weather clothing developed to date.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik women made clothes and footwear from animal skins (especially hide and fur of marine and land mammals for fur clothing, sometimes birds, also fish), sewn together using needles made from animal bones, walrus ivory, and bird bones such as front part of a crane's foot and threads made from other animal products, such as sinew.", "Dry suit __knowledge__ A dry suit or drysuit provides the wearer with environmental protection by way of thermal insulation and exclusion of water, and is worn by divers, boaters, water sports enthusiasts, and others who work or play in or near cold or contaminated water.", "Dry suit __knowledge__ A dry suit normally protects the whole body except the head, hands, and possibly the feet.", "Dry suit __knowledge__ In hazmat configurations, however, all of these are covered as well.", "Dry suit __knowledge__ The main difference between dry suits and wetsuits is that dry suits are designed to prevent water entering.", "Dry suit __knowledge__ This generally allows better insulation making them more suitable for use in cold water.", "Waterproof, Louisiana __knowledge__ Waterproof is a village in Tensas Parish in northeastern Louisiana, United States with a population of 834 as of the 2000 census.", "Waterproof, Louisiana __knowledge__ However, the population declined in the 2010 census by 17.5 percent to 688.", "Waterproof, Louisiana __knowledge__ The village in 2010 was 91.7 percent African American.", "Waterproof, Louisiana __knowledge__ Some 24 percent of Waterproof residents in 2010 were aged sixty or above.", "Waterproof, Louisiana __knowledge__ Waterproof is approximately north of Ferriday, one of the two principal communities of Concordia Parish.", "Waterproof, Louisiana __knowledge__ The village is named for its relative safety from flooding prior to construction of the Mississippi River levee system.", "Waterproof, Louisiana __knowledge__ With a population dependent on agriculture, the rural village struggles with poverty.", "Grace Digital __knowledge__ Grace Digital Inc is a consumer electronics company based in San Diego, CA.", "Grace Digital __knowledge__ Grace Digital, Inc. was founded in 2007, by James D. Palmer and Greg Fadul.", "Grace Digital __knowledge__ Grace Digital is the manufacturer of CES Innovations Award winning audio solutions, with a California-based product design facility and research and development locations in Cambridge, England, Taipei, Taiwan, and Seoul, Korea, the company’s main products are internet based radio receivers, audio archiving equipment, wireless speaker systems, and waterproof personal audio devices & gadgets.", "Grace Digital __knowledge__ Grace Digital launched its wireless home audio devices featuring WiFi enabled Internet radio streamers under the brand name \"Grace Digital Audio\".", "ISASMELT __knowledge__ The ISASMELT process is an energy-efficient smelting process that was jointly developed from the 1970s to the 1990s by Mount Isa Mines Limited (a subsidiary of MIM Holdings Limited and now part of Glencore Xstrata plc) and the Australian government’s Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (\"CSIRO\").", "ISASMELT __knowledge__ It has relatively low capital and operating costs for a smelting process.", "ISASMELT __knowledge__ ISASMELT technology has been applied to lead, copper, and nickel smelting, and by 2013 fifteen plants were in operation in ten countries, with another five in various stages of development.", "ISASMELT __knowledge__ The installed capacity of the operating plants in 2013 was over 8 million tonnes per year (t/y) of feed materials, with additional capacity to come on line in 2013 and 2014." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Roofer __knowledge__ A roofer or roof mechanic is a construction worker who specializes in roof construction.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Roofers concentrate on the application of materials that waterproof and/or weatherproof buildings, designed material—as a substrate for the roofing materials to be installed on, the rafters, beams, and trusses are the frame or skeleton for the roof to be built upon.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Roofers must be able to work, have good motor skills and possess general carpentry skills.", "Roofer __knowledge__ In Australia this type of carpenter is called a \"roof carpenter\" and the term \"roofer\" refers to someone who installs the roof \"cladding\" (tiles, tin, etc.).", "Roofer __knowledge__ In the United States and Canada, they're often referred to as roofing contractors.", "Roofer __knowledge__ The most common roofing material in the United States is asphalt shingles.", "Roofer __knowledge__ In the past, 3-tab shingles were used; nowadays, \"architectural\" or \"dimensional\" shingles are becoming very popular.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Depending on the region, other commonly applied roofing materials installed by roofers include concrete tiles, clay tiles, natural or synthetic slate, single-ply (Primarily EPDM or Rubber, PVC, or TPO), rubber shingles (made from recycled tires), glass, metal panels or shingles, wood shakes or shingles, liquid-applied, hot asphalt/rubber, foam, thatch, solar tiles, and specialty roofs like Duro-Last.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Danny Green (boxer) __knowledge__ Daniel Thomas \"Danny\" Green (born 9 March 1973) is an Australian professional boxer who also works as a health and fitness trainer.", "Danny Green (boxer) __knowledge__ He held the WBA light-heavyweight title from 2007 to 2008; the IBO cruiserweight title twice, from 2009 to 2013; and the WBC interim super middleweight title from 2003 to 2005.", "Danny Green (boxer) __knowledge__ As a teenager Green had tried martial arts and kickboxing, and had his first amateur boxing bout at the age of twenty.", "Danny Green (boxer) __knowledge__ Green was awarded a scholarship to the Australian Institute of Sport in 1998, and won a bronze medal at the Liverpool International Boxing Tournament in the same year.", "Danny Green (boxer) __knowledge__ He was selected for the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur, however he broke his hand and was unable to vie for medals.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ Bo ( — in Hebrew, the command form of \"go,\" or \"come,\" and the first significant word in the parashah, in ) is the fifteenth weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the Book of Exodus.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah constitutes The parashah tells of the last three plagues on Egypt and the first Passover.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah is made up of 6,149 Hebrew letters, 1,655 Hebrew words, and 106 verses, and can occupy about 207 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ Jews read it the fifteenth Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in January or early February.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ As the parashah describes the first Passover, Jews also read part of the parashah, as the initial Torah reading for the first day of Passover, and another part, as the initial Torah reading for the first intermediate day (\"Chol HaMoed\") of Passover.", "First Battle of Dernancourt __knowledge__ The First Battle of Dernancourt was fought on 28 March 1918 near Dernancourt in northern France during World War I.", "First Battle of Dernancourt __knowledge__ It involved a force of the German 2nd Army attacking a defending force of the VII Corps which included tired British and fresh Australian troops, and resulted in a complete defeat of the German assault.", "First Battle of Dernancourt __knowledge__ The Australian 3rd and 4th Divisions had been sent south to help stem the tide of the German Spring Offensive towards Amiens, and with the British 35th Division, they held a line west and north of the Ancre river and the area between the Ancre and Somme.", "First Battle of Dernancourt __knowledge__ Much of the VII Corps front line consisted of a series of posts strung out along a railway embankment between Albert and Buire-sur-l'Ancre.", "Capture of Mametz __knowledge__ The Capture of Mametz took place on 1 July 1916, when the British Fourth Army attacked the German 2nd Army on the Western Front, during the first day of the Battle of the Somme.", "Capture of Mametz __knowledge__ Mametz is a village on the D 64 road, about north-east of Amiens and east of Albert.", "Capture of Mametz __knowledge__ Fricourt lies to the west, Contalmaison is to the north, Montauban to the north-east and Carnoy and Maricourt are to the south-east.", "Capture of Mametz __knowledge__ Mametz Wood is to the north-west and before 1914, the village was the fifth largest in the area, with about and had a station on the line from Albert to Péronne.", "Capture of Mametz __knowledge__ During the Battle of Albert 1914 the II Bavarian Corps attacked westwards north of the Somme but was fought to a standstill east of Mametz.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Child development __knowledge__ Child development entails the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy.", "Child development __knowledge__ It is a continuous process with a predictable sequence, yet having a unique course for every child.", "Child development __knowledge__ It does not progress at the same rate and each stage is affected by the preceding developmental experiences.", "Child development __knowledge__ Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by genetic factors and events during prenatal life, genetics and prenatal development are usually included as part of the study of child development.", "Fine motor skill __knowledge__ Fine motor skill (or dexterity) is the coordination of small muscles, in movements—usually involving the synchronization of hands and fingers—with the eyes.", "Fine motor skill __knowledge__ The complex levels of manual dexterity that humans exhibit can be attributed to and demonstrated in tasks controlled by the nervous system.", "Fine motor skill __knowledge__ Fine motor skills aid in the growth of intelligence and develop continuously throughout the stages of human development.", "Fine motor skill __knowledge__ Motor skills are movements and actions of the bone structures.", "Fine motor skill __knowledge__ Typically, they are categorized into two groups: gross motor skills and fine motor skills.", "Fine motor skill __knowledge__ Gross motor skills are involved in movement and coordination of the arms, legs, and other large body parts and movements.", "Gross motor skill __knowledge__ Gross motor skills are the abilities usually acquired during adulthood and older age as part of a child's motor learning.", "Gross motor skill __knowledge__ By the time they reach two years of age, almost all children are able to stand up, walk and run, walk up stairs, etc.", "Gross motor skill __knowledge__ These skills are built upon, improved and better controlled throughout early childhood, and continue in refinement throughout most of the individual's years of development into adulthood.", "Gross motor skill __knowledge__ These gross movements come from large muscle groups and whole body movement.", "Gross motor skill __knowledge__ These skills develop in a head-to-toe order.", "Gross motor skill __knowledge__ The children will typically learn head control, trunk stability, and then standing up and walking.", "Motor skill __knowledge__ A motor skill is a learned ability to cause a predetermined movement outcome with maximum certainty.", "Motor skill __knowledge__ Motor learning is the relatively permanent change in the ability to perform a skill as a result of practice or experience.", "Motor skill __knowledge__ Performance is an act of executing a motor skill.", "Motor skill __knowledge__ The goal of motor skills is to optimize the ability to perform the skill at the rate of success, precision, and to reduce the energy consumption required for performance.", "Motor skill __knowledge__ Continuous practice of a specific motor skill will result in a much more improved performance.", "Motor skill __knowledge__ Not all movements are motor skills.", "Motor skill __knowledge__ Children grow continually throughout their childhood years.", "Childhood development of fine motor skills __knowledge__ Fine motor skills are the coordination of small muscle movements which occur e.g., in the fingers, usually in coordination with the eyes.", "Childhood development of fine motor skills __knowledge__ In application to motor skills of hands (and fingers) the term dexterity is commonly used.", "Childhood development of fine motor skills __knowledge__ According to a study done in the UK it was observed that females between the age of 4 and 7 years old show finer motor skills compared to males of the same age.", "Childhood development of fine motor skills __knowledge__ This was discovered by putting 100+ females and 100+ males through observation and having them complete a variety of fine motor skills and then grading them on each skill.", "Childhood development of fine motor skills __knowledge__ They then proceeded to take the total of the grades given for the skills observed and found that females tended to have finer motor skills than males.", "Muscle memory __knowledge__ Muscle memory has been used synonymously with motor learning, which is a form of procedural memory that involves consolidating a specific motor task into memory through repetition.", "Muscle memory __knowledge__ When a movement is repeated over time, a long-term muscle memory is created for that task, eventually allowing it to be performed without conscious effort.", "Muscle memory __knowledge__ This process decreases the need for attention and creates maximum efficiency within the motor and memory systems.", "Muscle memory __knowledge__ Examples of muscle memory are found in many everyday activities that become automatic and improve with practice, such as riding a bicycle, typing on a keyboard, typing in a PIN, playing a musical instrument, poker martial arts or even dancing.", "Cerebellar theory of dyslexia __knowledge__ Reading is a modern development and therefore is not something the brain was evolved to do.", "Cerebellar theory of dyslexia __knowledge__ Despite the ease with which you might read this sentence, the act of reading requires the brain to co-opt other systems and structures (most notably visual and auditory pathways) in order to make meaning out of the marks on a page.", "Cerebellar theory of dyslexia __knowledge__ Dyslexia is defined broadly as a problem reading despite normal intelligence.", "Cerebellar theory of dyslexia __knowledge__ However, due to the complexity of the reading process, several theories have emerged over the causes of dyslexia.", "Cerebellar theory of dyslexia __knowledge__ It is widely accepted that dyslexia is biological, and there are several twin studies that support the heritability of dyslexia." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Roofer __knowledge__ A roofer or roof mechanic is a construction worker who specializes in roof construction.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Roofers concentrate on the application of materials that waterproof and/or weatherproof buildings, designed material—as a substrate for the roofing materials to be installed on, the rafters, beams, and trusses are the frame or skeleton for the roof to be built upon.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Roofers must be able to work, have good motor skills and possess general carpentry skills.", "Roofer __knowledge__ In Australia this type of carpenter is called a \"roof carpenter\" and the term \"roofer\" refers to someone who installs the roof \"cladding\" (tiles, tin, etc.).", "Roofer __knowledge__ In the United States and Canada, they're often referred to as roofing contractors.", "Roofer __knowledge__ The most common roofing material in the United States is asphalt shingles.", "Roofer __knowledge__ In the past, 3-tab shingles were used; nowadays, \"architectural\" or \"dimensional\" shingles are becoming very popular.", "Roofer __knowledge__ Depending on the region, other commonly applied roofing materials installed by roofers include concrete tiles, clay tiles, natural or synthetic slate, single-ply (Primarily EPDM or Rubber, PVC, or TPO), rubber shingles (made from recycled tires), glass, metal panels or shingles, wood shakes or shingles, liquid-applied, hot asphalt/rubber, foam, thatch, solar tiles, and specialty roofs like Duro-Last.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ State of Florida v. George Zimmerman was a criminal prosecution of George Zimmerman on the charge of second-degree murder stemming from the shooting of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ On April 11, 2012, George Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ In support of the charges, the State filed an affidavit of probable cause, stating that Zimmerman profiled and confronted Martin and shot him to death while Martin was committing no crimes.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ Florida State Attorney Angela Corey announced the charges against Zimmerman during a televised press conference and reported that Zimmerman was in custody after turning himself in to law enforcement.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial of Conrad Murray (People of the State of California v. Conrad Robert Murray) was the American criminal trial of Michael Jackson's personal physician, Conrad Murray, who was charged with involuntary manslaughter for the pop singer's death on June 25, 2009, from a massive overdose of the general anesthetic propofol.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial, which started on September 27, 2011, was held in the Los Angeles County Superior Court in Los Angeles, California, before Judge Michael Pastor and it was televised.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The prosecutors in the case (David Walgren and Deborah Brazil, both Los Angeles deputy district attorneys), in their opening statement, told jurors: \"misplaced trust in the hands of Murray cost Jackson his life\".", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Maria Callas, Commendatore OMRI (; December 2, 1923 – September 16, 1977), was a Greek-American soprano, and one of the most renowned and influential opera singers of the 20th century.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Many critics praised her \"bel canto\" technique, wide-ranging voice and dramatic interpretations.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her repertoire ranged from classical \"opera seria\" to the \"bel canto\" operas of Donizetti, Bellini and Rossini and further, to the works of Verdi and Puccini; and, in her early career, to the music dramas of Wagner.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her musical and dramatic talents led to her being hailed as \"La Divina\".", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Born in New York City and raised by an overbearing mother, she received her musical education in Greece and established her career in Italy.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Think tank __knowledge__ A think tank, policy institute, or research institute is an organisation that performs research and advocacy concerning topics such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, technology, and culture.", "Think tank __knowledge__ Most policy institutes are non-profit organisations, which some countries such as the United States and Canada provide with tax exempt status.", "Think tank __knowledge__ Other think tanks are funded by governments, advocacy groups, or corporations, and derive revenue from consulting or research work related to their projects.", "Think tank __knowledge__ The following article lists global policy institutes according to continental categories, and then sub-categories by country within those areas.", "The Carpenters __knowledge__ The Carpenters was an American vocal and instrumental duo of Karen (1950–1983) and Richard Carpenter (b.", "The Carpenters __knowledge__ 1946).", "The Carpenters __knowledge__ They produced a distinct soft musical style, combining Karen's contralto vocals with Richard's arranging and composition skills.", "The Carpenters __knowledge__ During their 14-year career, the Carpenters recorded ten albums, along with numerous singles and several television specials.", "The Carpenters __knowledge__ The siblings were born in New Haven, Connecticut, and moved to Downey, California, in 1963.", "The Carpenters __knowledge__ Richard took piano lessons as a child, progressing to California State University, Long Beach, while Karen learned the drums.", "The Carpenters __knowledge__ They first performed together as a duo in 1965 and formed the jazz-oriented Richard Carpenter Trio followed by the middle-of-the-road group Spectrum.", "Carpentry __knowledge__ Carpentry is a skilled trade in which the primary work performed is the cutting, shaping and installation of building materials during the construction of buildings, ships, timber bridges, concrete formwork, etc.", "Carpentry __knowledge__ Carpenters traditionally worked with natural wood and did the rougher work such as framing, but today many other materials are also used and sometimes the finer trades of cabinetmaking and furniture building are considered carpentry.", "Carpentry __knowledge__ Carpentry in the United States is almost always done by men.", "Carpentry __knowledge__ With 98.5% of carpenters being male, it was the fourth most male-dominated occupation in the country in 1999, and there were about 1.5 million positions in 2006.", "United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America __knowledge__ The United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of often simply, the United Brotherhood of Carpenters (UBC)  was formed in 1881 by Peter J. McGuire and Gustav Luebkert.", "United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America __knowledge__ It has become one of the largest trade unions in the United States, and through chapters, and locals, there is international cooperation that poises the brotherhood for a global role.", "United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America __knowledge__ For example, the North American Chapter has over 520,000 members throughout the continent.", "United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America __knowledge__ The union was created in April 1881, by Peter J. McGuire and Gustav Luebkert.", "United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America __knowledge__ The two men organized groups for collective bargaining, and started a newspaper called \"The Carpenter\" to facilitate their idea of a national union.", "Federal Triangle __knowledge__ The Federal Triangle is a triangular area in Washington, D.C. formed by 15th Street NW, Constitution Avenue NW, Pennsylvania Avenue NW, and E Street NW.", "Federal Triangle __knowledge__ Federal Triangle is occupied by 10 large city and federal office buildings, all of which are part of the Pennsylvania Avenue National Historic Site.", "Federal Triangle __knowledge__ Seven of the buildings in Federal Triangle were built by the U.S. federal government in the early and mid-1930s as part of a coordinated construction plan that has been called \"one of the greatest building projects ever undertaken\" and all seven buildings are now designated as architecturally historic.", "Richard Carpenter (musician) __knowledge__ Richard Lynn Carpenter (born October 15, 1946) is an American pop musician, best known as one half of the sibling duo the Carpenters, along with his sister Karen Carpenter.", "Richard Carpenter (musician) __knowledge__ He is a record producer, arranger, pianist, keyboardist, occasional lyricist, and composer, as well as joining with Karen on harmony vocals.", "Richard Carpenter (musician) __knowledge__ Richard Lynn Carpenter was born at Grace-New Haven Hospital (now called Yale-New Haven Hospital) in New Haven, Connecticut, the same hospital where Karen was later born.", "Richard Carpenter (musician) __knowledge__ His parents were Agnes Reuwer Tatum (a housewife) (March 5, 1915 – November 10, 1996) and Harold Bertram Carpenter (November 8, 1908 – October 15, 1988) who were born in China where his parents were missionaries and educated at boarding schools in England, before working in the printing business.", "Karen Carpenter __knowledge__ Karen Anne Carpenter (March 2, 1950 – February 4, 1983) was an American drummer and singer, and part of the duo the Carpenters with her brother Richard.", "Karen Carpenter __knowledge__ She was critically acclaimed for her contralto vocals, and her drumming was praised by contemporary musicians and peers.", "Karen Carpenter __knowledge__ Carpenter was born in New Haven, Connecticut and moved to Downey, California in 1963 with her family.", "Karen Carpenter __knowledge__ She began to study the drums in high school, and upon graduation, joined the Long Beach State choir.", "Karen Carpenter __knowledge__ After several years of touring and recording, the Carpenters were signed in 1969 and achieved commercial and critical success throughout the 1970s.", "Douglas J. McCarron __knowledge__ Douglas J. McCarron (born 1950) is a labor union activist and, since 1995, president of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America.", "Douglas J. McCarron __knowledge__ McCarron was born in 1950 in Chatsworth, California.", "Douglas J. McCarron __knowledge__ His father was a meat cutter in a supermarket.", "Douglas J. McCarron __knowledge__ While still in high school, he married and had a daughter.", "Douglas J. McCarron __knowledge__ Dropping out of high school his senior year, he took a job as a construction worker, hanging drywall.", "Douglas J. McCarron __knowledge__ He quickly joined the carpenters' union.", "Douglas J. McCarron __knowledge__ In 1980, McCarron was elected president of his local union.", "Douglas J. McCarron __knowledge__ He was named to the negotiating team of the Southern California Council of Carpenters, a regional body covering contractors and other employers in 11 counties." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 4, 5 ]

[ "Does he concentrate on the application of materials that waterproof.", "He must have good motor skills.", "In Australia they are called roof carpenters.", "They are often also called roofing contractors." ]

[ "Roofer", "Roofer", "Roofer", "Roofer" ]

[ "Back pain", "I also suffer from chronic pain along my shoulder and spine. Do you find any relief?", "I find heat and ice work well. I also use epson salt to soak in. I get massage quite regularly. I hate pain medication as it tears up my stomach and makes me ill most times i take it." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is pain in any region of the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The lumbar area is the most common area for pain, as it supports most of the weight in the upper body.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Episodes of back pain may be acute, sub-acute, or chronic depending on the duration.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The pain may be characterized as a dull ache, shooting or piercing pain, or a burning sensation.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Discomfort can radiate into the arms and hands as well as the legs or feet, and may include numbness, or weakness in the legs and arms.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain can originate from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Internal structures such as the gallbladder, pancreas, aorta, and kidneys may also cause referred pain in the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is common, with about nine out of ten adults experiencing it at some point in their life, and five out of ten working adults having it every year.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Some estimate up to 95% of Americans will experience back pain at some point in their lifetime.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is the most common cause of chronic pain, and is a major contributor of missed work and disability." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is pain in any region of the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The lumbar area is the most common area for pain, as it supports most of the weight in the upper body.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Episodes of back pain may be acute, sub-acute, or chronic depending on the duration.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The pain may be characterized as a dull ache, shooting or piercing pain, or a burning sensation.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Discomfort can radiate into the arms and hands as well as the legs or feet, and may include numbness, or weakness in the legs and arms.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain can originate from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Internal structures such as the gallbladder, pancreas, aorta, and kidneys may also cause referred pain in the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is common, with about nine out of ten adults experiencing it at some point in their life, and five out of ten working adults having it every year.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Some estimate up to 95% of Americans will experience back pain at some point in their lifetime.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is the most common cause of chronic pain, and is a major contributor of missed work and disability.", "Pain __knowledge__ Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli.", "Pain __knowledge__ The International Association for the Study of Pain's widely used definition defines pain as \"an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage\", however, due to it being a complex, subjective phenomenon, defining pain has been a challenge.", "Pain __knowledge__ In medical diagnosis, pain is regarded as a symptom of an underlying condition.", "Pain __knowledge__ Pain motivates the individual to withdraw from damaging situations, to protect a damaged body part while it heals, and to avoid similar experiences in the future.", "Failed back syndrome __knowledge__ Failed back syndrome or post-laminectomy syndrome is a condition characterized by chronic pain following back surgeries.", "Failed back syndrome __knowledge__ Many factors can contribute to the onset or development of FBS, including residual or recurrent spinal disc herniation, persistent post-operative pressure on a spinal nerve, altered joint mobility, joint hypermobility with instability, scar tissue (fibrosis), depression, anxiety, sleeplessness, spinal muscular deconditioning and even \"Propionibacterium acnes\" infection.", "Failed back syndrome __knowledge__ An individual may be predisposed to the development of FBS due to systemic disorders such as diabetes, autoimmune disease and peripheral blood vessels (vascular) disease.", "Chronic pain __knowledge__ Chronic pain is pain that lasts a long time.", "Chronic pain __knowledge__ In medicine, the distinction between acute and chronic pain is sometimes determined by an arbitrary interval of time since onset; the two most commonly used markers being 3 months and 6 months since onset, though some theorists and researchers have placed the transition from acute to chronic pain at 12 months.", "Chronic pain __knowledge__ Others apply \"acute\" to pain that lasts less than 30 days, \"chronic\" to pain of more than six months duration, and \"subacute\" to pain that lasts from one to six months.", "Chronic pain __knowledge__ A popular alternative definition of \"chronic pain\", involving no arbitrarily fixed duration, is \"pain that extends beyond the expected period of healing\".", "Pain management __knowledge__ Pain management, pain medicine, pain control or algiatry, is a branch of medicine employing an interdisciplinary approach for easing the suffering and improving the quality of life of those living with chronic pain The typical pain management team includes medical practitioners, pharmacists, clinical psychologists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, physician assistants, nurses.", "Pain management __knowledge__ The team may also include other mental health specialists and massage therapists.", "Pain management __knowledge__ Pain sometimes resolves promptly once the underlying trauma or pathology has healed, and is treated by one practitioner, with drugs such as analgesics and (occasionally) anxiolytics.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder involving the muscles, nerves, and bones of the back.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Pain can vary from a dull constant ache to a sudden sharp feeling.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Low back pain may be classified by duration as acute (pain lasting less than 6 weeks), sub-chronic (6 to 12 weeks), or chronic (more than 12 weeks).", "Low back pain __knowledge__ The condition may be further classified by the underlying cause as either mechanical, non-mechanical, or referred pain.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ The symptoms of low back pain usually improve within a few weeks from the time they start, with 40-90% of people completely better by six weeks.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ In most episodes of low back pain, a specific underlying cause is not identified or even looked for, with the pain believed to be due to mechanical problems such as muscle or joint strain.", "Childhood chronic pain __knowledge__ Childhood chronic pain affects at least 5% of the population under the age of 18, according to conservative epidemiological studies.", "Childhood chronic pain __knowledge__ Rates of paediatric chronic pain have also increased in the past 20 years.", "Childhood chronic pain __knowledge__ While chronic pain conditions vary significantly in severity, they often affect children's mental health, academic performance, and general quality of life.", "Childhood chronic pain __knowledge__ The outcomes of childhood chronic pain are affected by a number of factors, including demographic factors, genetics, and school and family support.", "Childhood chronic pain __knowledge__ Chronic pain is defined as pain that lasts at least 3–6 months and, in the case of injury or surgery, remains present after standard recovery time has elapsed.", "Opioid __knowledge__ Opioids are substances that act on opioid receptors to produce morphine-like effects.", "Opioid __knowledge__ Medically they are primarily used for pain relief, including anesthesia.", "Opioid __knowledge__ Other medical uses include suppression of diarrhea, treating opioid use disorder, reversing opioid overdose, suppressing cough, and suppressing opioid induced constipation.", "Opioid __knowledge__ Extremely potent opioids such as carfentanil are only approved for veterinary use.", "Opioid __knowledge__ Opioids are also frequently used non-medically for their euphoric effects or to prevent withdrawal.", "Opioid __knowledge__ Side effects of opioids may include itchiness, sedation, nausea, respiratory depression, constipation, and euphoria.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ Mesoblast Limited is an Australian-based regenerative medicine company.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ It seeks to provide treatments for inflammatory ailments, cardiovascular disease and back pain.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ The company is led by Silviu Itescu, who founded the company in 2004.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ The company is developing a range of regenerative products derived from its proprietary mesenchymal lineage cells.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ This includes Mesenchymal Precursor Cells (MPCs) and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs).", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ Highly purified and immunoselected MPCs and the culture expanded MSCs give rise to secrete trophic factors that then exert multiple mechanisms of action.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ Mesenchymal lineage precursors have the ability to detect injury and inflammation and respond to local stimuli and signals from the injured tissue by releasing a wide range of biomolecules (growth factors, chemokines, enzymes etc.)", "Tension myositis syndrome __knowledge__ Tension myositis syndrome (TMS), also known as tension myoneural syndrome or mindbody syndrome is a name given by John E. Sarno to a condition he describes as characterized by psychogenic musculoskeletal and nerve symptoms, most notably back pain.", "Tension myositis syndrome __knowledge__ Sarno, a Professor of Clinical Rehabilitation Medicine at New York University School of Medicine and Attending Physician at The Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine at New York University Medical Center, has described TMS in four books, and has stated that the condition may be involved in other pain disorders as well.", "Tension myositis syndrome __knowledge__ The treatment protocol for TMS includes education, writing about emotional issues, resumption of a normal lifestyle and, for some patients, support meetings and/or psychotherapy.", "A. V. Apkarian __knowledge__ Apkar Vania Apkarian is a professor of physiology, anesthesiology, and physical medicine and rehabilitation at Northwestern University in the Feinberg School of Medicine.", "A. V. Apkarian __knowledge__ He has been a pioneer in the use of Magnetic resonance spectroscopy to study the neurochemistry of the brain and the development of novel analytical approaches to studying consciousness, including the first demonstration of the brain's small-world network properties using fMRI.", "A. V. Apkarian __knowledge__ In 2008, Dr. Apkarian proposed the theory that chronic pain is a form of emotional learning, which popularized the study of reward learning within the pain research field." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is pain in any region of the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The lumbar area is the most common area for pain, as it supports most of the weight in the upper body.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Episodes of back pain may be acute, sub-acute, or chronic depending on the duration.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The pain may be characterized as a dull ache, shooting or piercing pain, or a burning sensation.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Discomfort can radiate into the arms and hands as well as the legs or feet, and may include numbness, or weakness in the legs and arms.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain can originate from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Internal structures such as the gallbladder, pancreas, aorta, and kidneys may also cause referred pain in the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is common, with about nine out of ten adults experiencing it at some point in their life, and five out of ten working adults having it every year.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Some estimate up to 95% of Americans will experience back pain at some point in their lifetime.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is the most common cause of chronic pain, and is a major contributor of missed work and disability.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Pain management __knowledge__ Pain management, pain medicine, pain control or algiatry, is a branch of medicine employing an interdisciplinary approach for easing the suffering and improving the quality of life of those living with chronic pain The typical pain management team includes medical practitioners, pharmacists, clinical psychologists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, physician assistants, nurses.", "Pain management __knowledge__ The team may also include other mental health specialists and massage therapists.", "Pain management __knowledge__ Pain sometimes resolves promptly once the underlying trauma or pathology has healed, and is treated by one practitioner, with drugs such as analgesics and (occasionally) anxiolytics.", "Massage __knowledge__ Massage is to work and act on the body with pressure.", "Massage __knowledge__ Massage techniques are commonly applied with hands, fingers, elbows, knees, forearm, feet, or a device.", "Massage __knowledge__ The purpose of massage is generally for the treatment of stress or pain.", "Massage __knowledge__ In professional settings, clients are treated while lying on a massage table, sitting in a massage chair, or lying on a mat on the floor.", "Massage __knowledge__ In amateur settings, a general purpose surface like a bed or the floor is more common.", "Massage __knowledge__ Aquatic massage and bodywork is performed with recipients submersed or floating in a warm-water therapy pool.", "Massage __knowledge__ The word comes from the French \"massage\" \"friction of kneading\", or from the Arabic word \"massa\" meaning \"to touch, feel\" or from Latin \"massa\" meaning \"mass, dough\", cf.", "Inkjet printing __knowledge__ Inkjet printing is a type of computer printing that recreates a digital image by propelling droplets of ink onto paper, plastic, or other substrates.", "Inkjet printing __knowledge__ Inkjet printers are the most commonly used type of printer, and range from small inexpensive consumer models to expensive professional machines.", "Inkjet printing __knowledge__ The concept of inkjet printing originated in the 20th century, and the technology was first extensively developed in the early 1950s.", "Inkjet printing __knowledge__ Starting in the late 1970s, inkjet printers that could reproduce digital images generated by computers were developed, mainly by Epson, Hewlett-Packard (HP), and Canon.", "Inkjet printing __knowledge__ In the worldwide consumer market, four manufacturers account for the majority of inkjet printer sales: Canon, HP, Epson, and Brother.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Horse colic __knowledge__ Colic in horses is defined as abdominal pain, but it is a clinical sign rather than a diagnosis.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ The term colic can encompass all forms of gastrointestinal conditions which cause pain as well as other causes of abdominal pain not involving the gastrointestinal tract.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ The most common forms of colic are gastrointestinal in nature and are most often related to colonic disturbance.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ There are a variety of different causes of colic, some of which can prove fatal without surgical intervention.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ Colic surgery is usually an expensive procedure as it is major abdominal surgery, often with intensive aftercare.", "Childbirth in Japan __knowledge__ This article deals with Childbirth in Japan, and the specific details of childbirth exclusive to Japan in relation to beliefs, attitudes and healthcare.", "Childbirth in Japan __knowledge__ Legend attributes the creation of Japan to a sun goddess from whom the original emperors are said to be descended beginning in 660 BC.", "Childbirth in Japan __knowledge__ Japan was, for the next one thousand years, a largely heterogeneous culture with diverse regional social patterns.", "Childbirth in Japan __knowledge__ Contact with Korea and China during this time brought aspects of both cultures to Japan, including rules of rank and etiquette, the Chinese calendar, astronomy, and a healing system based on traditional Chinese medicine.", "Cancer pain __knowledge__ Pain in cancer may arise from a tumor compressing or infiltrating nearby body parts; from treatments and diagnostic procedures; or from skin, nerve and other changes caused by a hormone imbalance or immune response.", "Cancer pain __knowledge__ Most chronic (long-lasting) pain is caused by the illness and most acute (short-term) pain is caused by treatment or diagnostic procedures.", "Cancer pain __knowledge__ However, radiotherapy, surgery and chemotherapy may produce painful conditions that persist long after treatment has ended.", "Cancer pain __knowledge__ The presence of pain depends mainly on the location of the cancer and the stage of the disease.", "Cancer pain __knowledge__ At any given time, about half of all people diagnosed with malignant cancer are experiencing pain, and two thirds of those with advanced cancer experience pain of such intensity that it adversely affects their sleep, mood, social relations and activities of daily living.", "Pain __knowledge__ Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli.", "Pain __knowledge__ The International Association for the Study of Pain's widely used definition defines pain as \"an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage\", however, due to it being a complex, subjective phenomenon, defining pain has been a challenge.", "Pain __knowledge__ In medical diagnosis, pain is regarded as a symptom of an underlying condition.", "Pain __knowledge__ Pain motivates the individual to withdraw from damaging situations, to protect a damaged body part while it heals, and to avoid similar experiences in the future.", "British Pain Society __knowledge__ The British Pain Society (BPS) is a multidisciplinary community that brings together a diverse group of clinicians, nurses, physiotherapists, scientists, patients and other professionals to improve the knowledge of pain, and implement new public policies and clinical practices to alleviate pain related suffering.", "British Pain Society __knowledge__ The society was founded in 1967.", "British Pain Society __knowledge__ The BPS has a wide range of activities, from setting standards in clinical care, offering conferences, meetings, courses for special interest groups as well as publishing the British Journal of Pain.", "British Pain Society __knowledge__ Patients are also actively involved with the work of the society.", "Chronic pain __knowledge__ Chronic pain is pain that lasts a long time.", "Chronic pain __knowledge__ In medicine, the distinction between acute and chronic pain is sometimes determined by an arbitrary interval of time since onset; the two most commonly used markers being 3 months and 6 months since onset, though some theorists and researchers have placed the transition from acute to chronic pain at 12 months.", "Chronic pain __knowledge__ Others apply \"acute\" to pain that lasts less than 30 days, \"chronic\" to pain of more than six months duration, and \"subacute\" to pain that lasts from one to six months.", "Chronic pain __knowledge__ A popular alternative definition of \"chronic pain\", involving no arbitrarily fixed duration, is \"pain that extends beyond the expected period of healing\".", "Joseph J. Marbach __knowledge__ Dr. Joseph J Marbach DDS (April 4, 1935 – July 22, 2001) was a leader in the field of facial pain.", "Joseph J. Marbach __knowledge__ He was a chaired professor at University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey.", "Joseph J. Marbach __knowledge__ Marbach was born in Paterson, New Jersey to immigrant parents.", "Joseph J. Marbach __knowledge__ He was educated at Drew University, Madison, New Jersey and University of Pennsylvania where he received his degree in dentistry.", "Joseph J. Marbach __knowledge__ From 1960 to 1963, he was a Captain in the US Air Force based in Aviano, Italy.", "Joseph J. Marbach __knowledge__ He returned to NYC in 1963 and joined the practice of Lazlo Schwartz, DDS and began working in the dental clinic at Columbia University.", "Joseph J. Marbach __knowledge__ He assisted Laszlo Schwartz in clinical tasks and research, and as the result of Schwartz's, illness taught the course in TMJ disorders to the third year dental students during the 1964/65 academic year.", "Anesthesiologist __knowledge__ An anesthesiologist or anaesthetist is a physician trained in anesthesia and perioperative medicine.", "Anesthesiologist __knowledge__ The title of the role varies between countries.", "Anesthesiologist __knowledge__ In countries following the practice of North America, those specialising in the field are termed \" anesthesiologists\", but in the United Kingdom and current or former member countries of the Commonwealth of Nations, such physicians use the title \" anaesthetist\" instead (in North America, \"anesthetist\" would refer to a non-physician who is involved in the provision of anesthesia).", "Anesthesiologist __knowledge__ The length and format of specialist anaesthesiologist training programmes varies from country to country, but can range from four to ten years, on top of initial medical school training to be awarded a medical degree." ] ]

[ 1, 23, 49 ]

[ "I suffer from chronic back pain which can occur in any region of the back", "I use pain management such as pain medicine to ease the suffering and improve quality of life. ", "I understand that, as pain is already such a distressing feeling. What else would you recommend?" ]

[ "Back pain", "Back pain", "Back pain" ]

[ "Parenting", "I do, I have two children But, yes, parenting can be hard at times. It's very rewarding though, isn't it?", "Yes, I think so for sure. Especially in the roles of children that have been neglected or discarded by their parents. It's very sad!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ Attachment parenting (AP) is a parenting philosophy that proposes methods which aim to promote the attachment of mother and infant not only by maximal maternal empathy and responsiveness but also by continuous bodily closeness and touch.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ The term \"attachment parenting\" has been coined by the American pediatrician William Sears.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ In family sociology, attachment parenting is considered to be the most striking manifestation of \"intensive mothering\" or \"New momism\".", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ The doctrine has hence been targeted by criticism from a host of objectors.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ Attachment parenting is only one of many responsiveness and love-oriented parenting philosophies that entered the pedagogical mainstream after World War II, and it owes many of its ideas to older teachings, such as Benjamin Spock's influential handbook \"Baby and Child Care\" (1946).", "Parenting styles __knowledge__ A parenting style is a psychological construct representing standard strategies that parents use in their child rearing.", "Parenting styles __knowledge__ The quality of parenting can be more essential than the quantity of time spent with the child.", "Parenting styles __knowledge__ For instance, a parent can spend an entire afternoon with his or her child, yet the parent may be engaging in a different activity and not demonstrating enough interest towards the child.", "Parenting styles __knowledge__ Parenting styles are the representation of how parents respond and demand to their children.", "Parenting styles __knowledge__ Parenting practices are specific behaviors, while parenting styles represent broader patterns of parenting practices.", "Shared earning/shared parenting marriage __knowledge__ Shared earning/shared parenting marriage, also known as peer marriage, is a type of marriage where the partners at the outset agree to adhere to a model of shared responsibility for earning money, meeting the needs of children, doing household chores, and taking recreation time in near equal fashion across these four domains.", "Shared earning/shared parenting marriage __knowledge__ It refers to an intact family formed in the relatively equal earning and parenting style from its initiation.", "Shared earning/shared parenting marriage __knowledge__ Peer marriage is distinct from shared parenting, as well as the type of equal or co-parenting that father's rights activists in the United States, the United Kingdom and elsewhere seek after a divorce in the case of marriages, or unmarried pregnancies/childbirths, not set up in this fashion at the outset of the relationship or pregnancy.", "Child abuse __knowledge__ Child abuse or child maltreatment is physical, sexual, or psychological maltreatment or neglect of a child or children, especially by a parent or other caregiver.", "Child abuse __knowledge__ Child abuse may include any act or failure to act by a parent or other caregiver that results in actual or potential harm to a child, and can occur in a child's home, or in the organizations, schools or communities the child interacts with.", "Child abuse __knowledge__ The terms \"child abuse\" and \"child maltreatment\" are often used interchangeably, although some researchers make a distinction between them, treating \"child maltreatment\" as an umbrella term to cover neglect, exploitation, and trafficking.", "Single parent __knowledge__ A single parent is a parent that parents alone without the other parent's support, meaning this particular parent is the only parent to the child, responsible for all financial, material, and emotional needs.", "Single parent __knowledge__ It means there is an absence of the other parent as opposed to a co-parent, meaning that the parent is not the only parent regardless of whether or not they are a couple.", "Single parent __knowledge__ Of course, this definition is loosely true.", "Single parent __knowledge__ There is no true definition of what \"single parent\" means and is more based on opinions.", "Single parent __knowledge__ Sometimes, one finds themselves in a single-parent family structure that has arisen due to death of the partner, intentional artificial insemination, or unplanned pregnancy.", "Fathers' rights movement by country __knowledge__ The fathers' rights movement has evolved in many countries.", "Fathers' rights movement by country __knowledge__ This article provides details about the fathers' rights movement in specific countries.", "Fathers' rights movement by country __knowledge__ Fathers' rights groups began in Australia in the 1970s with the founding of organizations such as the Lone Fathers Association.", "Fathers' rights movement by country __knowledge__ Other well-known groups include Equality for Fathers, Dads Against Discrimination, Dads in Distress, Fathers Without Rights, The Men's Confraternity and the Shared Parenting Council.", "Fathers' rights movement by country __knowledge__ As with other fathers' rights activists, Australian organizations focus on issues of erosion of the family unit, custody, access, child support, domestic violence (including false allegations, and violence against men), child abuse, maintenance, the reintroduction of fault into divorce proceedings, biased and adversarial court systems and secrecy issues.", "Parent management training __knowledge__ Parent management training (PMT), also known as behavioral parent training (BPT) or simply parent training, is a family of treatment programs that aims to change parenting behaviors, teaching parents positive reinforcement methods for improving pre-school and school-age children's behavior problems (such as aggression, hyperactivity, temper tantrums, and difficulty following directions).", "Parent management training __knowledge__ PMT is one of the most investigated treatments available for disruptive behavior, particularly oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD); it is effective in reducing child disruptive behavior and improving parental mental health.", "Video interaction guidance __knowledge__ Video interaction guidance (VIG) is a video feedback intervention through which a “guider” helps a client to enhance communication within relationships.", "Video interaction guidance __knowledge__ The client is guided to analyse and reflect on video clips of their own interactions.", "Video interaction guidance __knowledge__ Applications include a caregiver and infant (often used in attachment-based therapy), and other education and care home interactions.", "Video interaction guidance __knowledge__ VIG is used in more than 15 countries and by at least 4000 practitioners.", "Video interaction guidance __knowledge__ Video Interaction Guidance has been used where concerns have been expressed over possible parental neglect in cases where the focus child is aged 2–12, and where the child is not the subject of a child protection plan.", "Child development __knowledge__ Child development entails the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy.", "Child development __knowledge__ It is a continuous process with a predictable sequence, yet having a unique course for every child.", "Child development __knowledge__ It does not progress at the same rate and each stage is affected by the preceding developmental experiences.", "Child development __knowledge__ Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by genetic factors and events during prenatal life, genetics and prenatal development are usually included as part of the study of child development." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Disney/Pixar's \"Toy Story\" franchise which consists of the animated films \"Toy Story\" (1995), \"Toy Story 2\" (1999), and \"Toy Story 3\" (2010) and the animated short films.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Sheriff Woody Pride is a 1950s old traditional pull string cowboy doll, and Andy's favorite toy.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Appearing in all three \"Toy Story\" films, he usually acts as the leader of the gang.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ His rivalry with Buzz forms the basis of the plot of the first film.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 2\", he is stolen at a yard sale by a toy collector, causing the other toys to embark on a rescue mission.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 3\" he and the other toys are shipped to a daycare center.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Religious debates over the \"Harry Potter\" series of books by J. K. Rowling are based on claims that the novels contain occult or Satanic subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ A number of Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox Christians have argued against the series, as have some Shia and Sunni Muslims.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Supporters of the series have said that the magic in \"Harry Potter\" bears little resemblance to occultism, being more in the vein of fairy tales such as \"Cinderella\" and \"Snow White\", or to the works of C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien, both of whom are known for writing fantasy novels with Christian subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Far from promoting a particular religion, some argue, the \"Harry Potter\" novels go out of their way to avoid discussing religion at all.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (, lit: \"How many knots are left to untie?\")", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ is a Pakistani drama series, airs on Hum TV.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Created by Angeline Malik, the series is a sequel of the anthology series \"Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain\" (20112014).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It premiered on 30 October 2016 with a different cast and different story.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It revolves around a married couple, Saba (Hira Salman) and Kamran (Hassan Ahmed).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ They ask Jameela (servant) to give another servant duty if he/she is interested.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She suppresses Rozi (Ushna Shah).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Saba is strict with her servants especially with Rozi.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She drinks water in Saba's glass, to which JHOOTA BURTAN has been derived.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Think tank __knowledge__ A think tank, policy institute, or research institute is an organisation that performs research and advocacy concerning topics such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, technology, and culture.", "Think tank __knowledge__ Most policy institutes are non-profit organisations, which some countries such as the United States and Canada provide with tax exempt status.", "Think tank __knowledge__ Other think tanks are funded by governments, advocacy groups, or corporations, and derive revenue from consulting or research work related to their projects.", "Think tank __knowledge__ The following article lists global policy institutes according to continental categories, and then sub-categories by country within those areas.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Economy of Peru __knowledge__ Peru is classified as \"upper middle income\" by the World Bank and is the 39th largest in the world by total GDP.", "Economy of Peru __knowledge__ Peru is one of the world's fastest-growing economies with a 2012 GDP growth rate of 6.3%.", "Economy of Peru __knowledge__ It currently has a high human development index of 0.741 and per capita GDP above $12,000 by PPP.", "Economy of Peru __knowledge__ Neo-classical economists would interpret Peru's sound economic performance as a combination of: However, Post-Keynesian economists would argue that what neo-classical economics considers to be \"prudent\" fiscal spending is nothing more than a means to restrict government spending in order to make Peru dependent on export income and thus encourage it to open the Peruvian economy to free trade to the benefit of other western countries.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Mercedes Maria Theresa Immaculata McQueen (also Owen, Fisher and Browning) is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera, \"Hollyoaks\", played by Jennifer Metcalfe.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ She debuted on-screen during the episode airing on 19 June 2006 as the first character to be introduced to the series by series producer, Bryan Kirkwood.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ In 2008 Metcalfe feared that the character was to be axed but was later reassured by the series producer that she would not be.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Metcalfe later stated her intention to stay with the series.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Mercedes is part of the McQueen family and is the longest serving McQueen on the series.", "History of the Labour Party (UK) __knowledge__ The British Labour Party grew out of the trade union movement of the late 19th century, and surpassed the Liberal Party as the main opposition to the Conservatives in the early 1920s.", "History of the Labour Party (UK) __knowledge__ In the 1930s and 1940s it stressed national planning, using nationalization of industry as a tool, in line with Clause IV of the original constitution of the Labour Party which called for the \"...common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange, and the best obtainable system of popular administration and control of each industry or service\" (this clause was eventually revised in 1994).", "History of the Labour Party (UK) __knowledge__ Labour has had several spells in government, first as minority governments under Ramsay MacDonald in 1924 and 1929–31.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ Sociological studies of the family look at: Examples of specific issues looked at include: Research methods in the sociology of the family can be broken down to three major approaches, each with its own strengths and weaknesses.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ One approach is survey research of contemporary families.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ This holds the benefit of leaving statistical data and large and hopefully random samples from which a researcher can interpolate the general traits of a society.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ However, survey respondents tend to answer as would feel regular or ideal rather than as things might actually be.", "Sociology of the family __knowledge__ It also gives a very one-sided explanation view of a larger group, which does not sufficiently allow for contention." ] ]

[ 7, 4, 5 ]

[ "Parenting can be really tough, but I think I'd have pretty good parenting skills. Do you have kids?", "Definitely! Do you think that governments and society should have a role in raising a child as well?", "That's a good point. Poor kids. I think a lot of orphaned kids still receive great care, even if it's from non-parent blood relations." ]

[ "Parenting", "Parenting", "Parenting" ]

[ "Animal shelter", "That is good work, I salute you for what you do, that helps a lot of animals out!", "That is unfortunately necessary but super sad, I could not do that as a job I would cry every day" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "Salute __knowledge__ A salute is a gesture or other action used to display respect.", "Salute __knowledge__ Salutes are primarily associated with armed forces, but other organizations and civilians also use salutes.", "Salute __knowledge__ In military traditions of various times and places, there have been numerous methods of performing salutes, using hand gestures, cannon or rifle shots, hoisting of flags, removal of headgear, or other means of showing respect or deference.", "Salute __knowledge__ In the Commonwealth of Nations, only commissioned officers are saluted, and the salute is to the commission they carry from their respective commanders-in-chief representing the Monarch, not the officers themselves.", "21-gun salute __knowledge__ A 21-gun salute is the most commonly recognized of the customary gun salutes that are performed by the firing of cannons or artillery as a military honor.", "21-gun salute __knowledge__ The custom stems from naval tradition, where a warship would fire its cannons harmlessly out to sea, until all ammunition was spent, to show that it was disarmed, signifying the lack of hostile intent.", "21-gun salute __knowledge__ As naval customs evolved, 21 guns came to be fired for heads of state, or in exceptional circumstances for head of government, with the number decreasing with the rank of the recipient of the honor.", "21-gun salute __knowledge__ While the 21-gun salute is the most commonly recognized, the number of rounds fired in any given salute will vary depending on the conditions.", "Roman salute __knowledge__ The Roman salute (Italian: \"saluto romano\") is a gesture in which the arm is held out forward straight, with palm down, and fingers touching.", "Roman salute __knowledge__ In some versions, the arm is raised upward at an angle; in others, it is held out parallel to the ground.", "Roman salute __knowledge__ In contemporary times, the former is widely considered a symbol of fascism that is commonly perceived to be based on a custom in ancient Rome.", "Roman salute __knowledge__ However, no Roman text gives this description, and the Roman works of art that display salutational gestures bear little resemblance to the modern Roman salute.", "Roman salute __knowledge__ Jacques-Louis David's painting \"The Oath of the Horatii\" (1784) provided the starting point for the gesture that became later known as the Roman salute.", "Nazi salute __knowledge__ The Nazi salute or Hitler salute (, ) is a gesture that was used as a greeting in Nazi Germany.", "Nazi salute __knowledge__ The salute is performed by extending the right arm from the neck into the air with a straightened hand.", "Nazi salute __knowledge__ Usually, the person offering the salute would say \"\"Heil Hitler!\"\"", "Nazi salute __knowledge__ (Hail Hitler!", "Nazi salute __knowledge__ ), \"\"Heil, mein Führer!\"\"", "Nazi salute __knowledge__ (Hail, my leader!", "Nazi salute __knowledge__ ), or \"\"Sieg Heil!\"\"", "Nazi salute __knowledge__ (Hail victory!).", "Nazi salute __knowledge__ It was adopted in the 1930s by the Nazi Party to signal obedience to the party's leader, Adolf Hitler, and to glorify the German nation (and later the German war effort).", "Nazi salute __knowledge__ The salute was mandatory for civilians, but was mostly optional for military personnel who retained the traditional military salute until shortly after the failed assassination attempt on Hitler in July 1944.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ Pardis Animal Shelter () is a no-kill animal shelter, a spay/neuter clinic, and a public animal hospital located near Tabriz, Iran.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ It is affiliated with \"Tabriz Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals\" which is a volunteer nonprofit organization based in Tabriz, devoted to pet adoption and animal rescue.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ Pardis Shelter was founded by Jila Pourirani in 2012, after a massive cull that nearly 400 dogs were shot dead in Tabriz.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ Pardis Shelter has a clinic, 11 shelters, three niches and shaded areas.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ 1300 animals of different kinds including dogs, cats, foxes, horses and birds such as eagle, owl and vultures are being treated and sheltered in this center.", "Humane Society of Harford County __knowledge__ The Humane Society of Harford County, Inc. (HSHC) is a nonprofit open admission animal shelter located in Fallston, Maryland, contracted with the Harford County Government to provide sheltering services for all animals brought to HSHC by Animal Control (which is operated under the Harford County Sheriff’s Office) as stray, or subjects of animal cruelty or neglect cases.", "Humane Society of Harford County __knowledge__ HSHC is also obligated to accept animals from Harford County residents wishing to relinquish their pets, or stray animals which are found in Harford County by private citizens.", "Humane Society of Harford County __knowledge__ The shelter takes in approximately 4,000-4,500 animals per year, and ended 2015 with a 75% live release rate, up from 45% in 2011.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ The North Carolina Animal Protection Act aims to protect pets and their owners in North Carolina.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ This legislation models the Animal Welfare Act of 1966 and can be found in the North Carolina General Statutes under Chapter 19A: Protection Of Animals, Article 3, consisting of six articles.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ It aims (i) to protect the owners of dogs and cats from the theft of such pets; (ii) to prevent the sale or use of stolen pets; (iii) to insure that animals, as items of commerce, are provided humane care and treatment by regulating the transportation, sale, purchase, housing, care, handling and treatment of such animals by persons or organizations engaged in transporting, buying, or selling them for such use; (iv) to insure that animals confined in pet shops, kennels, animal shelters and auction markets are provided humane care and treatment; (v) to prohibit the sale, trade or adoption of those animals which show physical signs of infection, communicable disease, or congenital abnormalities, unless veterinary care is assured subsequent to sale, trade or adoption.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "Richmond SPCA __knowledge__ After the Civil War people’s concerns were raised regarding animal abuse and cruelty.", "Richmond SPCA __knowledge__ In the late 19th century organizations throughout the United States began to arise in the effort to protect animals.", "Richmond SPCA __knowledge__ In Richmond, VA, Nellie Palmer married W. Ben Palmer, a Confederate Civil War soldier in the 43rd Battalion, Virginia Cavalry (\"Richmond SPCA: Lifesaving Legacy.\").", "Richmond SPCA __knowledge__ This group was known for their “\"deep devotion to their horses,\"” leading her husband to be an activist against animal abuse as well.", "Richmond SPCA __knowledge__ Nellie Palmer was very passionate about animals and wanted to establish an SPCAin her own community.", "Animal Rescue League of Western Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The Animal Rescue League of Western Pennsylvania, known commonly as Animal Rescue League Shelter & Wildlife Center (ARL), is an animal welfare organization founded in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1909.", "Animal Rescue League of Western Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The ARL is a non-profit organization that offers various services to support both animals and pet owners alike.", "Animal Rescue League of Western Pennsylvania __knowledge__ It is the only animal shelter in the Pittsburgh area that accepts both domestic animals and wildlife.", "Animal Rescue League of Western Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The agency's shelter and clinic are located in Pittsburgh's East Liberty neighborhood, while its wildlife rehabilitation center and boarding kennels are a few miles away in Verona, Pennsylvania." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "Krzysztof Ratajski __knowledge__ Krzysztof Ratajski (born 1 January 1977) is a Polish darts player who plays in British Darts Organisation events.", "Krzysztof Ratajski __knowledge__ His biggest achievement to date was winning the 2017 World Masters.", "Krzysztof Ratajski __knowledge__ Ratajski also plays on the Professional Darts Corporation's European Tour and has represented Poland at the World Cup of Darts on numerous occasions.", "Krzysztof Ratajski __knowledge__ Ratajski's first major run came in the 2007 Czech Open where he reached the semi finals.", "Krzysztof Ratajski __knowledge__ He gained notable wins over Joey ten Berge and local player Marek Polak, eventually losing to Patrick Loos who won the tournament.", "Krzysztof Ratajski __knowledge__ He then went on to win the 2008 Denmark Open, a tournament previously won by the likes of John Lowe, Eric Bristow, Phil Taylor and Raymond van Barneveld.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "Karl Gajdusek __knowledge__ Karl Gajdusek is an American screenwriter, producer, and playwright.", "Karl Gajdusek __knowledge__ Karl Gajdusek was born in 1968 in San Francisco, California, United States.", "Karl Gajdusek __knowledge__ He was the showrunner for the first season of the Netflix series \"Stranger Things\" and the co-creator of the TV series \"Last Resort\" with Shawn Ryan.", "Karl Gajdusek __knowledge__ They were both also executive producers for the series.", "Karl Gajdusek __knowledge__ Gajdusek also wrote for the series \"Dead Like Me\" and wrote the film \"Trespass\" (2011).", "Karl Gajdusek __knowledge__ He co-wrote the screenplay for the 2013 Tom Cruise movie, \"Oblivion\".", "Karl Gajdusek __knowledge__ and \"November Man\", which was released in 2014.", "Karl Gajdusek __knowledge__ Gajdusek's first professional break came through an option by independent producer Jeff Young for his screenplay \"Widow's Walk\".", "Ferdinand Feichtner __knowledge__ Ferdinand Feichtner (* 3 February 1908 in Augsburg, Bavaria) was a German, Luftwaffe radar and radio intercept specialist, before and during the time of World War II and who became Chief Signals Officer of the Luftnachrichten Abteilung 352, the Signals intelligence agency, whose task was the mapping and interception of communication intelligence of Allied Air Forces in the Mediterranean area.", "Ferdinand Feichtner __knowledge__ Ferdinand Feichtner was responsible for a number of innovations in cryptanalysis, radio, radar, D/F and communication intelligence during the interwar period.", "Ferdinand Feichtner __knowledge__ Note:This article has been largly written by Feichtner, with some updates to change the voice, and respect to modernity.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "Western Plains Animal Refuge __knowledge__ Western Plains Animal Refuge is a non-profit, no-kill shelter and wildlife rehabilitation center located in Hays, Kansas.", "Western Plains Animal Refuge __knowledge__ It was incorporated in 2006 by Jessica Braun, DVM, and Curt Braun after changes in Kansas wildlife rehabilitation requirements resulted in tougher requirements for wildlife rehabilitators in the state to operate.", "Western Plains Animal Refuge __knowledge__ As a result, an estimated 75% of the available rehabilitators were forced to close their doors.", "Western Plains Animal Refuge __knowledge__ At the same time, euthanasia rates for domestic animals in regional shelters were not improving, so it was the vision of the Brauns to provide a safe haven for injured, abandoned and suffering animals.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Pet adoption is the process of taking responsibility for a pet that a previous owner has abandoned or released to a shelter or rescue organization.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Common sources for adoptable pets are animal shelters and rescue groups.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Some organizations give adopters ownership of the pet, while others use a guardianship model wherein the organization retains some control over the animal's future use or care.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Also available is online pet adoption.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ These sites have databases of pets being housed by thousands of animal shelters and rescue groups, and are searchable by the public.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ They include Petfinder.org and Adopt-a-Pet.com.", "No Kill Advocacy Center __knowledge__ Based in Oakland, California, the No Kill Advocacy Center is a non-profit organization led by Nathan Winograd, dedicated to expanding no kill animal sheltering across the United States.", "No Kill Advocacy Center __knowledge__ The No Kill Advocacy Center was founded in 2004 by Nathan Winograd, after he had \"created the nation's first—and at the time, only—No Kill community\" in Tompkins County, New York.", "No Kill Advocacy Center __knowledge__ Rather than accepting the typical approach of the humane movement \"that the best shelters can do for homeless animals is to adopt out some and kill the rest\", Winograd believed that a shelter could save \"100 percent of healthy and treatable animals, and 100 percent of feral cats\".", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Trap-neuter-return (TNR) is a type of program through which free-roaming cats are trapped, sterilized (males are castrated and females undergo ovo-hysterectomies), and returned to the outdoor locations where they were found.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ If those locations are deemed unsafe or otherwise inappropriate, the cats may be relocated (barn/farmyard homes are often considered ideal).", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Kittens young enough to be socialized and friendly adult cats may be placed in foster care for eventual adoption into homes as companion animals rather than returned to the outdoors.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Cats found suffering with terminal, untreatable, and/or contagious illnesses or injuries are often euthanized." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 7 ]

[ "I work in an animal shelter where abandoned, lost or stray animals are tended to and rehabbed", "My shelter is no kill but some shelters euthanize animals that are not claimed or adopted quickly", "Shelters need regulating, in the US there is no national agency to regulate them" ]

[ "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter" ]

[ "Boiled egg", "What can we cook with shell?", "That is true. I like boiled eggs" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are eggs (typically chicken eggs) cooked with their shells unbroken, usually by immersion in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Hard-boiled eggs are cooked so that the egg white and egg yolk both solidify, while for a soft-boiled egg the yolk, and sometimes the white, remain at least partially liquid.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ A few different methods are used to make boiled eggs other than simply immersing them in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs can also be cooked below the boiling temperature, via coddling, or they can be steamed.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ The egg timer was named due to its common usage in timing the boiling of eggs.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are a popular breakfast food in many countries around the world.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ There are variations both in degree of cooking and in the method of how eggs are boiled, and a variety of kitchen gadgets for eggs exist.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ These variations include: Chef Heston Blumenthal, after \"relentless trials\", published a formula for \"the perfect boiled egg\" that explains how much water to use, how much time to cook and how much time to rest the egg.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Soft-boiled eggs are not recommended for people who may be susceptible to salmonella, such as very young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ To avoid the issue of salmonella, eggs can be pasteurised in shell at 57 ºC for an hour and 15 minutes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are eggs (typically chicken eggs) cooked with their shells unbroken, usually by immersion in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Hard-boiled eggs are cooked so that the egg white and egg yolk both solidify, while for a soft-boiled egg the yolk, and sometimes the white, remain at least partially liquid.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ A few different methods are used to make boiled eggs other than simply immersing them in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs can also be cooked below the boiling temperature, via coddling, or they can be steamed.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ The egg timer was named due to its common usage in timing the boiling of eggs.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are a popular breakfast food in many countries around the world.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ There are variations both in degree of cooking and in the method of how eggs are boiled, and a variety of kitchen gadgets for eggs exist.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ These variations include: Chef Heston Blumenthal, after \"relentless trials\", published a formula for \"the perfect boiled egg\" that explains how much water to use, how much time to cook and how much time to rest the egg.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Soft-boiled eggs are not recommended for people who may be susceptible to salmonella, such as very young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ To avoid the issue of salmonella, eggs can be pasteurised in shell at 57 ºC for an hour and 15 minutes.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The Panama Papers are 11.5 million leaked documents that detail financial and attorney–client information for more than 214,488 offshore entities.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The documents, some dating back to the 1970s, were created by, and taken from, Panamanian law firm and corporate service provider Mossack Fonseca, and were leaked in 2015 by an anonymous source.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The documents contain personal financial information about wealthy individuals and public officials that had previously been kept private.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ While offshore business entities are legal (see Offshore Magic Circle), reporters found that some of the Mossack Fonseca shell corporations were used for illegal purposes, including fraud, tax evasion, and evading international sanctions.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ Alastair Nathan Cook, (born 25 December 1984) is an English cricketer.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ A former captain of the England Test and One Day International (ODI) teams, he holds a number of English and international records.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ He is regarded as one of the greatest batsmen ever to play for England, and is one of the most prolific batsmen of the modern era.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ Cook is England’s most-capped player and has captained the team in an English record 59 Tests and 69 ODIs.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ He is the leading run-scorer in Test matches for England, and the youngest player to complete 12,000 Test runs (the 6th overall and the only Englishman).", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ Cook has scored a record 32 Test centuries for England and is the first England player to take part in 50 Test victories.", "John Call Cook __knowledge__ John Call Cook, PhD (April 7, 1918 – October 12, 2012) was an American geophysicist who played a crucial role in establishing the field of ground-penetrating radar and is generally regarded as contributing the fundamental research to develop the field.", "John Call Cook __knowledge__ Cook is also known for demonstrating that aerial surveys can map surface radioactivity to enable much more efficient prospecting for uranium ore, for inventing electrostatic detection of hazardous ice crevasses, and for developing other novel techniques in remote sensing.", "John Call Cook __knowledge__ During most of his professional career, Cook specialized in the techniques of remote sensing and the detection of underground objects.", "James Cook __knowledge__ Captain James Cook (7 November 172814 February 1779) was a British explorer, navigator, cartographer, and captain in the Royal Navy.", "James Cook __knowledge__ Cook made detailed maps of Newfoundland prior to making three voyages to the Pacific Ocean, during which he achieved the first recorded European contact with the eastern coastline of Australia and the Hawaiian Islands, and the first recorded circumnavigation of New Zealand.", "James Cook __knowledge__ Cook joined the British merchant navy as a teenager and joined the Royal Navy in 1755.", "James Cook __knowledge__ He saw action in the Seven Years' War, and subsequently surveyed and mapped much of the entrance to the Saint Lawrence River during the siege of Quebec.", "James Cook Collection: Australian Museum __knowledge__ The Australian Museum's Cook Collection was acquired in 1894 when it was transferred from the Government of New South Wales.", "James Cook Collection: Australian Museum __knowledge__ At that time it consisted of 115 artifacts collected on Captain James Cook's three voyages of discovery Throughout the Pacific Ocean, during the period 1768 - 1780, along with documents and memorabilia related to these voyages.", "James Cook Collection: Australian Museum __knowledge__ Many of the ethnographic artifacts were collected at a time of first contact between Pacific Peoples and Europeans.", "James Cook Collection: Australian Museum __knowledge__ In 1935 most of the documents and memorabilia were transferred to the Mitchell Library in the State Library of New South Wales.", "James Cook Collection: Australian Museum __knowledge__ The provenance of the collection shows that the objects remained in the hands of Captain James Cook's widow, Mrs Elizabeth Cook and her descendants until 1886.", "James Cook (Skins) __knowledge__ James Cook, known as Cook, to his friends, is a fictional character in the British teen drama \"Skins\".", "James Cook (Skins) __knowledge__ He is portrayed by Jack O'Connell.", "James Cook (Skins) __knowledge__ In the third series his true emotions are explored and it is revealed that his womanising violent lifestyle is in fact a smoke screen to cover up his real emotions.", "James Cook (Skins) __knowledge__ His actions often cause trouble and create havoc, affecting those around him.", "James Cook (Skins) __knowledge__ However, in the fourth series he begins to change his ways after a conversation with his solicitor and when he begins to realise the consequences of his actions, most notably witnessing his younger brother beginning to follow in his footsteps.", "Royal Dutch Shell __knowledge__ Royal Dutch Shell plc (, ), commonly known as Shell, is a British–Dutch multinational oil and gas company headquartered in the Netherlands and incorporated in the United Kingdom.", "Royal Dutch Shell __knowledge__ It is one of the six oil and gas \"supermajors\" and the sixth-largest company in the world measured by 2016 revenues (and the largest based in Europe).", "Royal Dutch Shell __knowledge__ Shell was first in the 2013 Fortune Global 500 list of the world's largest companies; in that year its revenues were equivalent to 84% of the Netherlands' $556 billion GDP.", "Royal Dutch Shell __knowledge__ Shell is vertically integrated and is active in every area of the oil and gas industry, including exploration and production, refining, transport, distribution and marketing, petrochemicals, power generation and trading.", "Zip Industries __knowledge__ Zip Industries is a privately owned Australian business founded by Michael Crouch AC.", "Zip Industries __knowledge__ It makes and markets Australian-designed and Australian-made instant boiling water systems.", "Zip Industries __knowledge__ These are sold in more than seventy countries, where they are specified for use in kitchens, in hospitals, universities, schools and public buildings of every kind, as well as in homes.", "Zip Industries __knowledge__ Since 1970, Zip has pioneered under-bench instant boiling water systems and since 1996, has marketed under-sink systems that not only dispense boiling filtered water but also instant chilled filtered water, instant chilled sparkling water, and additionally (in some models) both hot and cold water – all from a single electronically controlled tap (faucet).", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ A great variety of cassava-based dishes are consumed in the regions where cassava (manioc, \"Manihot esculenta\") is cultivated, and they include many national or ethnic specialities.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ As a food ingredient, cassava root is somewhat similar to the potato, in that, like the potato, it is starchy, inedible when raw, and bland in flavor when cooked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Indeed, cassava can replace the potato in many dishes and can be prepared in similar ways – it can be boiled, mashed, fried or baked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Unlike the potato, however, cassava is mostly a tropical crop, and its peculiar characteristics have led to some unique recipes, such as sweet puddings, which have no common potato version.", "Boiling water reactor __knowledge__ The boiling water reactor (BWR) is a type of light water nuclear reactor used for the generation of electrical power.", "Boiling water reactor __knowledge__ It is the second most common type of electricity-generating nuclear reactor after the pressurized water reactor (PWR), also a type of light water nuclear reactor.", "Boiling water reactor __knowledge__ The main difference between a BWR and PWR is that in a BWR, the reactor core heats water, which turns to steam and then drives a steam turbine.", "Boiling water reactor __knowledge__ In a PWR, the reactor core heats water, which does not boil.", "Boiling water reactor __knowledge__ This hot water then exchanges heat with a lower pressure water system, which turns to steam and drives the turbine.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ Pressure cooking is the process of cooking food, using water or other cooking liquid, in a sealed vessel known as a \"pressure cooker\".", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ Pressure is created by boiling a liquid, such as water or broth, inside the closed pressure cooker.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ The trapped steam increases the internal pressure and allows the temperature to rise.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ After use, the pressure is slowly released so that the vessel can be opened safely.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ Pressure cooking can be used for quick simulation of the effects of long braising.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ Almost any food which can be cooked in steam or water-based liquids can be cooked in a pressure cooker.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ In 1679, French physicist Denis Papin, better known for his studies on steam, invented the \"steam digester\" in an attempt to reduce the cooking time of food.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Instant noodles are sold in a precooked and dried noodle block, with flavoring powder and/or seasoning oil.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ The flavoring is usually in a separate packet, although in the case of cup noodles the flavoring is often loose in the cup.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Some instant noodle products are seal packed; these can be reheated or eaten straight from the packet/container.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Dried noodle blocks are cooked or soaked in boiling water before eating.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ The main ingredients used in dried noodles are usually wheat flour, palm oil, and salt.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Common ingredients in the flavoring powder are salt, monosodium glutamate, seasoning, and sugar.", "Boiling __knowledge__ Boiling is the rapid vaporization of a liquid, which occurs when a liquid is heated to its boiling point, the temperature at which the vapour pressure of the liquid is equal to the pressure exerted on the liquid by the surrounding atmosphere.", "Boiling __knowledge__ The higher the pressure the higher the boiling point.", "Boiling __knowledge__ There are two main types of boiling; nucleate boiling where small bubbles of vapour form at discrete points, and critical heat flux boiling where the boiling surface is heated above a certain critical temperature and a film of vapor forms on the surface.", "Boiling __knowledge__ Transition boiling is an intermediate, unstable form of boiling with elements of both types." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are eggs (typically chicken eggs) cooked with their shells unbroken, usually by immersion in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Hard-boiled eggs are cooked so that the egg white and egg yolk both solidify, while for a soft-boiled egg the yolk, and sometimes the white, remain at least partially liquid.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ A few different methods are used to make boiled eggs other than simply immersing them in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs can also be cooked below the boiling temperature, via coddling, or they can be steamed.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ The egg timer was named due to its common usage in timing the boiling of eggs.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are a popular breakfast food in many countries around the world.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ There are variations both in degree of cooking and in the method of how eggs are boiled, and a variety of kitchen gadgets for eggs exist.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ These variations include: Chef Heston Blumenthal, after \"relentless trials\", published a formula for \"the perfect boiled egg\" that explains how much water to use, how much time to cook and how much time to rest the egg.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Soft-boiled eggs are not recommended for people who may be susceptible to salmonella, such as very young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ To avoid the issue of salmonella, eggs can be pasteurised in shell at 57 ºC for an hour and 15 minutes.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ Olivier salad ( \"Salat Olivye\") is a traditional salad dish in Russian cuisine, which is also popular in old Soviet Union countries (particularly, in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan), some other European countries, Iran, Israel, Mongolia and also throughout Latin America.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ In different modern recipes, it is usually made with diced boiled potatoes, carrots, brined dill pickles, green peas, eggs, celeriac, onions, diced boiled chicken (or sometimes ham or bologna sausage), tart apples, with salt, pepper, and mustard added to enhance flavor, dressed with mayonnaise.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ In many countries, the dish is commonly referred to as Russian salad, although this term can connote vinegret .", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ A great variety of cassava-based dishes are consumed in the regions where cassava (manioc, \"Manihot esculenta\") is cultivated, and they include many national or ethnic specialities.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ As a food ingredient, cassava root is somewhat similar to the potato, in that, like the potato, it is starchy, inedible when raw, and bland in flavor when cooked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Indeed, cassava can replace the potato in many dishes and can be prepared in similar ways – it can be boiled, mashed, fried or baked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Unlike the potato, however, cassava is mostly a tropical crop, and its peculiar characteristics have led to some unique recipes, such as sweet puddings, which have no common potato version.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Eggs are laid by female animals of many different species, including birds, reptiles, amphibians, mammals, and fish, and have been eaten by humans for thousands of years.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Bird and reptile eggs consist of a protective eggshell, albumen (egg white), and vitellus (egg yolk), contained within various thin membranes.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ The most commonly consumed eggs are chicken eggs.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Other poultry eggs including those of duck and quail are also eaten.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Fish eggs are called roe and caviar.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Egg yolks and whole eggs store significant amounts of protein and choline, and are widely used in cookery.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Due to their protein content, the United States Department of Agriculture categorizes eggs as \"Meats\" within the Food Guide Pyramid.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ Danish cuisine (), originating from the peasant population's own local produce, was enhanced by cooking techniques developed in the late 19th century and the wider availability of goods after the Industrial Revolution.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ The open sandwiches, known as \"smørrebrød\", which in their basic form are the usual fare for lunch, can be considered a national speciality when prepared and decorated with a variety of fine ingredients.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ Hot meals are traditionally prepared from ground meats, such as \"frikadeller\" (meat balls) and \"medisterpølse\", or from more substantial meat and fish dishes such as \"flæskesteg\" (roast pork with crackling) or \"kogt torsk\" (poached cod) with mustard sauce and trimmings.", "Yolk __knowledge__ Among those animals which produce one, the yolk (also known as the vitellus) is the nutrient-bearing portion of the egg whose primary function is to supply food for the development of the embryo.", "Yolk __knowledge__ Some kinds of egg contain no yolk, for example because they are laid in situations where the food supply is adequate (such as in the body of the host of a parasitoid) or because the embryo develops in the parent's body, which supplies the food, usually through a placenta.", "Yolk __knowledge__ Reproductive systems in which the mother's body supplies the embryo directly are said to be matrotrophic; those in which the embryo is supplied by yolk are said to be lecithotrophic.", "Balut (food) __knowledge__ Balut (spelled standardized as balot) is a developing bird embryo (usually a duck) that is boiled and eaten from the shell.", "Balut (food) __knowledge__ It originated from and is commonly sold as street food in the Philippines.", "Balut (food) __knowledge__ Often served with beer, balut is popular in Southeast Asian countries, such as Laos (\"khai look\" ໄຂ່ລູກ in Lao), Cambodia (\"pong tia koun\" ពងទាកូន in Khmer), Thailand (\"Khai Khao\" in Thai) and Vietnam (\"trứng vịt lộn\" or \"hột vịt lộn\" in Vietnamese).", "Balut (food) __knowledge__ The Tagalog and Malay word \"balot\" means \"wrapped\".", "Balut (food) __knowledge__ The length of incubation before the egg is cooked is a matter of local preference, but generally ranges between 14 and 21 days.", "Egg white __knowledge__ Egg white is the clear liquid (also called the albumen or the glair/glaire) contained within an egg.", "Egg white __knowledge__ In chickens it is formed from the layers of secretions of the anterior section of the hen's oviduct during the passage of the egg.", "Egg white __knowledge__ It forms around fertilized or unfertilized egg yolks.", "Egg white __knowledge__ The primary natural purpose of egg white is to protect the yolk and provide additional nutrition for the growth of the embryo (when fertilized).", "Egg white __knowledge__ Egg white consists primarily of about 90% water into which is dissolved about 10% proteins (including albumins, mucoproteins, and globulins).", "Egg white __knowledge__ Unlike the yolk, which is high in lipids (fats), egg white contains almost no fat, and carbohydrate content is less than 1%.", "Egg __knowledge__ An egg is the organic vessel containing the zygote in which an animal embryo develops until it can survive on its own; at which point the animal hatches.", "Egg __knowledge__ An egg results from fertilization of an ovum.", "Egg __knowledge__ Most arthropods, vertebrates, and mollusks lay eggs, although some, such as scorpions and most mammals, do not.", "Egg __knowledge__ Reptile eggs, bird eggs, and monotreme eggs are laid out of water, and are surrounded by a protective shell, either flexible or inflexible.", "Egg __knowledge__ Eggs laid on land or in nests are usually kept within a warm and favorable temperature range while the embryo grows.", "Egg __knowledge__ When the embryo is adequately developed it hatches, i.e." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4 ]

[ "cooked with their shells unbroken, usually by immersion in boiling water.", "Hard-boiled eggs are cooked so that the egg white and egg yolk both solidify", "Boiled eggs can also be cooked below the boiling temperature" ]

[ "Boiled egg", "Boiled egg", "Boiled egg" ]

[ "Toyota Prius", "I have drove one before they are really nice", "I like the mileage on them the most I think" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ The Toyota Prius () is a full hybrid electric automobile developed by Toyota and manufactured by the company since 1997.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ Initially offered as a 4-door sedan, it has been produced only as a 5-door liftback from 2003 to 2015, and then a 5-door fastback since 2016.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and California Air Resources Board (CARB) rate the Prius as among the cleanest vehicles sold in the United States based on smog-forming emissions.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ The 2018 model year Prius Eco ranks as the second most fuel efficient gasoline-powered car available in the US without plug-in capability, following the Hyundai Ioniq Blue.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ The Prius first went on sale in Japan in 1997, and was available at all four Toyota Japan dealerships, making it the first mass-produced hybrid vehicle.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ It was subsequently introduced worldwide in 2000.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ The Prius is sold in over 90 markets, with Japan and the United States being its largest markets.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ Global cumulative Prius liftback sales reached the milestone 1 million vehicle mark in May 2008, 2 million in September 2010, and passed the 3 million mark in June 2013.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ Cumulative sales of one million were achieved in the U.S. by early April 2011, and Japan reached the 1 million mark in August 2011. , the Prius liftback is the world's top selling hybrid car with almost 4 million units sold." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ The Toyota Prius () is a full hybrid electric automobile developed by Toyota and manufactured by the company since 1997.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ Initially offered as a 4-door sedan, it has been produced only as a 5-door liftback from 2003 to 2015, and then a 5-door fastback since 2016.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and California Air Resources Board (CARB) rate the Prius as among the cleanest vehicles sold in the United States based on smog-forming emissions.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ The 2018 model year Prius Eco ranks as the second most fuel efficient gasoline-powered car available in the US without plug-in capability, following the Hyundai Ioniq Blue.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ The Prius first went on sale in Japan in 1997, and was available at all four Toyota Japan dealerships, making it the first mass-produced hybrid vehicle.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ It was subsequently introduced worldwide in 2000.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ The Prius is sold in over 90 markets, with Japan and the United States being its largest markets.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ Global cumulative Prius liftback sales reached the milestone 1 million vehicle mark in May 2008, 2 million in September 2010, and passed the 3 million mark in June 2013.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ Cumulative sales of one million were achieved in the U.S. by early April 2011, and Japan reached the 1 million mark in August 2011. , the Prius liftback is the world's top selling hybrid car with almost 4 million units sold.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ Sarah Louise Platt (also Tilsley and Grimshaw) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera \"Coronation Street\".", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ She was born on-screen during the episode broadcast on 2 February 1987.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ She was played by Leah King in 1987 and by Lynsay King from 1987 until 8 October 1999 when King opted to leave to focus on her education.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ Tina O'Brien took over the role on 31 October 1999; she opted to leave in 2007 and made her final on-screen appearance on 30 December 2007.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ A number of false rumours about O'Brien returning to the role surfaced during her absence from the serial.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ In October 2014, it was announced that O'Brien was going to reprise the role, she returned to filming in February 2015 and returned on screen on 30 March 2015.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "McFly __knowledge__ McFly are an English band formed in London in 2003.", "McFly __knowledge__ The band took its name from the \"Back to the Future\" character Marty McFly.", "McFly __knowledge__ The band consists of Tom Fletcher (lead vocals, guitar and piano), Danny Jones (lead vocals, harmonica and guitar), Dougie Poynter (bass guitar) and Harry Judd (drums).", "McFly __knowledge__ They were signed to Island Records from their 2004 launch until December 2007, before creating their own label, Super Records.", "McFly __knowledge__ McFly rose to fame after fellow band Busted helped launch them by inviting them to tour in 2004.", "McFly __knowledge__ In 2005, they won the Brit Award for Best British Pop Act.", "McFly __knowledge__ McFly's debut album \"Room on the 3rd Floor\" debuted at number 1 in the UK Album Chart and is certified as double platinum; this led to them becoming known as the youngest band ever to have an album debut at number one—a title taken from The Beatles.", "Patience (play) __knowledge__ Patience is a play written and published in 1998 by Jason Sherman (Doollie.com).", "Patience (play) __knowledge__ It is about Reuben, who one day loses everything.", "Patience (play) __knowledge__ The play follows a path similar to David Mamet's play \"Edmond\".", "Patience (play) __knowledge__ It traces a psychological journey through Reuben's head while he tries to figure out how everything happened.", "Patience (play) __knowledge__ The play was written at a time when the story would hit home for a lot of middle-aged, middle-class men.", "Patience (play) __knowledge__ The play opens with the lead character, Reuben, playing squash with Peter, a business partner.", "Patience (play) __knowledge__ They get into an argument which causes Reuben to go to dinner by himself.", "Patience (play) __knowledge__ At dinner an old friend named Paul comes into the restaurant and strikes up a conversation.", "Peter Ellis (childcare worker) __knowledge__ Peter Hugh McGregor Ellis (born 30 March 1958) is a former Christchurch child care worker who was at the centre of one of New Zealand's most enduring judicial controversies.", "Peter Ellis (childcare worker) __knowledge__ In June 1993 Ellis was found guilty in the High Court on 16 counts of sexual offences involving children in his care at the Christchurch Civic Creche and sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment.", "Peter Ellis (childcare worker) __knowledge__ His conviction was strongly criticised, with concerns centering on how the children's testimony was obtained and presented to the jury.", "Peter Ellis (childcare worker) __knowledge__ Ellis maintained his innocence and many New Zealanders supported his calls to overturn the conviction.", "Greenlee Smythe __knowledge__ Greenlee Smythe was a fictional character from the daytime drama, \"All My Children\".", "Greenlee Smythe __knowledge__ She was originally portrayed by actress Rebecca Budig from August 11, 1999 to November 30, 2005, and was portrayed by actress Sabine Singh from April 20, 2007 to January 15, 2008.", "Greenlee Smythe __knowledge__ On December 14, 2007, it was announced that Budig accepted the offer to reprise the role, and would continue her portrayal of the character.", "Greenlee Smythe __knowledge__ Episodes with Budig began airing again January 16, 2008.", "Greenlee Smythe __knowledge__ The return was one of the most widely reported in the genre's history, with newspapers such as the \"Associated Press\" and \"New York Daily News\" featuring the story.", "SS-Green Light Racing __knowledge__ SS-Green Light Racing is an American professional stock car racing that currently competes in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the Camping World Truck Series.", "SS-Green Light Racing __knowledge__ Owned and operated by businessmen Ken Smith and Steve Urvan and former driver Bobby Dotter.", "SS-Green Light Racing __knowledge__ In the Xfinity Series, the team currently fields the No.", "SS-Green Light Racing __knowledge__ 07 ScubaLife.com Chevrolet Camaro full-time for Ray Black Jr.. Green Light began competing in the Truck Series in 2000 with Dotter as a driver, and merged with SS Racing in 2008.", "SS-Green Light Racing __knowledge__ In 2016, the team announced that they would field the No.", "SS-Green Light Racing __knowledge__ 07 full time for Ray Black Jr. with sponsorship from Scubalife.com in all the races.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a type of hybrid vehicle that combines a conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) system with an electric propulsion system (hybrid vehicle drivetrain).", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The presence of the electric powertrain is intended to achieve either better fuel economy than a conventional vehicle or better performance.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ There is a variety of HEV types, and the degree to which each functions as an electric vehicle (EV) also varies.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The most common form of HEV is the hybrid electric car, although hybrid electric trucks (pickups and tractors) and buses also exist.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ Modern HEVs make use of efficiency-improving technologies such as regenerative brakes which convert the vehicle's kinetic energy to electric energy to charge the battery.", "Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid __knowledge__ The Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid, also known as Prius PHV and Prius Prime (U.S.), is a plug-in hybrid manufactured by Toyota.", "Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid __knowledge__ The first generation Prius plug-in was produced from 2012 to 2016.", "Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid __knowledge__ Its total all-electric range in blended mode is as rated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).", "Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid __knowledge__ The EPA fuel economy rating is 95 miles per gallon gasoline equivalent (MPG-e) (2.5 L/100 km; 114 mpg-imp) in charge-depleting (all-electric or EV mode) and a combined city/highway rating of in hybrid mode, the same as the conventional Prius liftback.", "Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid __knowledge__ The second generation Prius plug-in is called the \"Prius Prime\" in the United States and \"Prius PHV\" in Japan and Europe.", "History of plug-in hybrids __knowledge__ The history of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) spans a little more than a century, but most of the significant commercial developments have taken place after 2002.", "History of plug-in hybrids __knowledge__ The revival of interest in this automotive technology together with all-electric cars is due to advances in battery and power management technologies, and concerns about increasingly volatile oil prices and supply disruption, and also the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.", "History of plug-in hybrids __knowledge__ Between 2003 and 2010 most PHEVs on the roads were conversions of production hybrid electric vehicles, and the most prominent PHEVs were aftermarket conversions of 2004 or later Toyota Prius, which have had plug-in charging and more lead-acid batteries added and their electric-only range extended.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ A plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) is any motor vehicle that can be recharged from an external source of electricity, such as wall sockets, and the electricity stored in the rechargeable battery packs drives or contributes to drive the wheels.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ PEV is a subset of electric vehicles that includes all-electric or battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs), and electric vehicle conversions of hybrid electric vehicles and conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ In China, plug-in electric vehicles are called new energy vehicles (NEVs).", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ Plug-in cars have several benefits compared to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Toyota is the world's market leader in sales of hybrid electric vehicles, and one of the largest companies to encourage the mass-market adoption of hybrid vehicles across the globe.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Cumulative global sales of Toyota and Lexus hybrid passenger car models achieved the 10 million milestone in January 2017.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Its Prius family is the world's top selling hybrid nameplate with over 6 million units sold worldwide .", "Toyota __knowledge__ The company was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda in 1937, as a spinoff from his father's company Toyota Industries to create automobiles.", "Toyota __knowledge__ Three years earlier, in 1934, while still a department of Toyota Industries, it created its first product, the Type A engine, and its first passenger car in 1936, the Toyota AA.", "Hybrid Synergy Drive __knowledge__ Hybrid Synergy Drive (HSD) is the brand name of Toyota for hybrid car drive train technology.", "Hybrid Synergy Drive __knowledge__ It is used in its Yaris, Auris, Prius, Avalon Hybrid, RAV 4, Highlander Hybrid, Camry Hybrid, , Crown Majesta, Estima, Alphard, Lexus RX 400h/RX 450h, Lexus ES 300h, Lexus GS 450h, Lexus LS 600h/LS 600hL, Lexus CT 200h, Lexus IS 300h, Lexus HS 250h and Lexus NX 300h automobiles.", "Hybrid Synergy Drive __knowledge__ Toyota also licenses its HSD technology to Nissan for use in its Nissan Altima Hybrid.", "Hybrid Synergy Drive __knowledge__ Its parts supplier Aisin Seiki Co. offers similar hybrid transmissions to other car companies.", "Hybrid Synergy Drive __knowledge__ HSD technology produces a full hybrid vehicle which allows the car to run on the electric motor only, as opposed to most other brand hybrids which cannot and are considered mild hybrids." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ The Toyota Prius () is a full hybrid electric automobile developed by Toyota and manufactured by the company since 1997.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ Initially offered as a 4-door sedan, it has been produced only as a 5-door liftback from 2003 to 2015, and then a 5-door fastback since 2016.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and California Air Resources Board (CARB) rate the Prius as among the cleanest vehicles sold in the United States based on smog-forming emissions.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ The 2018 model year Prius Eco ranks as the second most fuel efficient gasoline-powered car available in the US without plug-in capability, following the Hyundai Ioniq Blue.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ The Prius first went on sale in Japan in 1997, and was available at all four Toyota Japan dealerships, making it the first mass-produced hybrid vehicle.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ It was subsequently introduced worldwide in 2000.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ The Prius is sold in over 90 markets, with Japan and the United States being its largest markets.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ Global cumulative Prius liftback sales reached the milestone 1 million vehicle mark in May 2008, 2 million in September 2010, and passed the 3 million mark in June 2013.", "Toyota Prius __knowledge__ Cumulative sales of one million were achieved in the U.S. by early April 2011, and Japan reached the 1 million mark in August 2011. , the Prius liftback is the world's top selling hybrid car with almost 4 million units sold.", "Angerme __knowledge__ , formerly , is a Japanese idol girl group from Hello!", "Angerme __knowledge__ Project, which originally consisted of four former Hello!", "Angerme __knowledge__ Pro Egg (Hello!", "Angerme __knowledge__ Project trainees) members that left Egg in 2010 and became full-time members of Hello!", "Angerme __knowledge__ Project.", "Angerme __knowledge__ In 2010, they won the Japan Record Award for Best New Artist.", "Angerme __knowledge__ In 2011, five new girls were added to the group as part of the second generation, with two being former Egg members and three new girls.", "Angerme __knowledge__ With 3 members graduating, S/mileage continued the rest of their career as a 6-member group.", "Angerme __knowledge__ Since the formation of ANGERME, there has been 3 more generations, and 3 more graduations.", "Mileage Plan __knowledge__ Mileage Plan is a loyalty program, and the frequent-flyer program, of United States based airline Alaska Airlines.", "Mileage Plan __knowledge__ Members can accrue program miles from flying Alaska Airlines and partner operated flights, using co-branded credit cards, and booking vacation and hotel packages, among other methods.", "Mileage Plan __knowledge__ Mileage Plan miles can be redeemed for award flights on Alaska Airlines and partner carriers and provide eligibility for elite status with Mileage Plan.", "Mileage Plan __knowledge__ In 1981, American Airlines began AAdvantage, a customer loyalty scheme popularly known as frequent flyer programs.", "Mileage Plan __knowledge__ Soon afterwards, other large airlines in the United States launched similar programs.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Roads in Texas are owned and maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2700 (or FM 2700) is located entirely in Callahan County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2701 (or FM 2701) is located in Knox and Haskell counties.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2702 (or FM 2702) is located entirely in Jones County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2703 (or FM 2703) is located entirely in Jones County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 2704 (or FM 2704) is a former highway that was located entirely in Bosque County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ No highway currently uses the FM 2704 designation.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (2700–2799) __knowledge__ FM 2704 was designated on September 20, 1961, running from FM 56 north of Valley Mills eastward to a county road.", "Traklogg __knowledge__ Traklogg is an Automatic Mileage Recording Solution that enables users to track and manage mileage information for reimbursement, reporting and tax purposes.", "Traklogg __knowledge__ Atlanta-based Traklogg was founded in 2008 by Bryan Green to develop a system that could easily track and report on the vehicle mileage of anyone who uses his or her vehicle to make a living.", "Traklogg __knowledge__ Real estate agents, small business owners and others who have traditionally kept track of mileage manually use the Traklogg solution to track, manage and protect their mileage data.", "Traklogg __knowledge__ The Traklogg Solution combines three distinct components (the Traklogg device itself, the Traklogg Dashboard Manager and Traklogg MyTrips) that allow users to quickly and effortlessly create detailed mileage reports.", "List of former state routes in Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ This is a List of former state routes in the U.S. state of Georgia.", "List of former state routes in Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ This list represents routes that traveled through the state but are no longer in operation, have been decommissioned, or have been renumbered.", "List of former state routes in Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ State Route 1E (SR 1E) was a route in Floyd County extending along present-day Old Cedartown Road, Park Avenue, Maple Avenue, East Sixth Street, and 2nd Avenue from US 27/SR 1 to US 27/SR 1, as well as US 411/SR 53.", "List of former state routes in Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ Originally part of US 27/SR 1, it was originally designated as SR 1 before being reassigned as SR 1E in 1955.", "List of former state routes in Georgia (U.S. state) __knowledge__ US 27/SR 1 had been relocated along former SR 1 Spur, which is present-day US 27/SR 1 from Old Cedartown Road to present-day US 411 in 1938 with the old route remaining as SR 1 through Lindale.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1700–1799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Roads in Texas are owned and maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1700–1799) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Road 1703 (FM 1703) is a Farm to Market Road in Brewster County, Texas.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1700–1799) __knowledge__ The southern terminus of FM 1703 is at in Alpine.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1700–1799) __knowledge__ The route travels west and then north before state maintenance ends.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1700–1799) __knowledge__ FM 1703 was first designated on July 25, 1951 as a route in Lynn County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1700–1799) __knowledge__ The highway ran from US 84 near the Lubbock county line to FM 211 at a distance of .", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1700–1799) __knowledge__ The route was cancelled on February 3, 1960, with the mileage being transferred to FM 211.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (1700–1799) __knowledge__ FM 1705 was first designated on May 23, 1951 as a route in Johnson County, running from SH 353 (now SH 174) at Rio Vista to SH 171 at a distance of .", "Mileage (song) __knowledge__ \"Mileage\" () is a song by South Korean musicians Jung Yong-hwa of CNBLUE and Yang Dong-geun (YDG).", "Mileage (song) __knowledge__ Released on January 9, 2015, it serves as the pre-release single of the former's debut solo studio album \"One Fine Day\" (2015).", "Mileage (song) __knowledge__ While filming for the television series \"The Three Musketeers\" (2014), Jung was inspired by YDG's affection towards him family on set to compose the song.", "Mileage (song) __knowledge__ Upon release of Jung's album, the two performed \"Mileage\" on music programs and talk shows.", "Mileage (song) __knowledge__ The song debuted and peaked at number 57 on South Korea's national Gaon Digital Chart, selling over 78,000 digital downloads since its release.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "Mitsubishi Motors __knowledge__ Besides being part of the Renault–Nissan–Mitsubishi Alliance, it is also a part of Mitsubishi \"keiretsu\", formerly the biggest industrial group in Japan, through the corporation's majority 66% stake in Mitsubishi Motors, and the company was originally formed in 1970 from the automotive division of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries.", "Mitsubishi Motors __knowledge__ Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus Corporation was formerly a part of Mitsubishi Motors, but is now separate from Mitsubishi Motors, which builds commercial grade trucks, buses and heavy construction equipment, and is owned by the German automotive corporation Daimler AG (though Mitsubishi continues to own a small stake).", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Richard Christopher \"Rick\" Wakeman (born 18 May 1949) is an English keyboardist, songwriter, television and radio presenter, and author.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the progressive rock band Yes across five tenures between 1971 and 2004 and for his solo albums released in the 1970s.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is a current member of Yes Featuring Jon Anderson, Trevor Rabin and Rick Wakeman.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Born and raised in West London, Wakeman intended to be a concert pianist but quit his studies at the Royal College of Music in 1969 to become a full-time session musician.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ His early sessions included playing on \"Space Oddity\", among others, for David Bowie and songs by Junior's Eyes, T. Rex, Elton John, and Cat Stevens.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The culmination of multiple years of debate and planning after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown constitutional accords, the referendum was launched solely by the provincial Parti Québécois government of Jacques Parizeau.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ Despite initial predictions of a heavy sovereignist defeat, an eventful and complex campaign followed, with the \"Yes\" side flourishing after being taken over by charismatic Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard." ] ]

[ 1, 6, 4 ]

[ "I drive a Toyota Prius. It's a full hybrid electric automobile!", "yes! What do you like about them? They were introduced worldwide in 2000!", "Yeah! The 2018 model is the second most fuel efficient gasoline powered car available currently." ]

[ "Toyota Prius", "Toyota Prius", "Toyota Prius" ]

[ "Rock music", "Rock music is the best music there is!", "There are so many different types of rock music too.", "Did it? I thought that was closer to the 1960's." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.", "Rock music __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse–chorus form, but the genre has become extremely diverse.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political.", "Rock music __knowledge__ By the late 1960s \"classic rock\" period, a number of distinct rock music subgenres had emerged, including hybrids like blues rock, folk rock, country rock, raga rock, and jazz-rock, many of which contributed to the development of psychedelic rock, which was influenced by the countercultural psychedelic and hippie scene." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.", "Rock music __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse–chorus form, but the genre has become extremely diverse.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political.", "Rock music __knowledge__ By the late 1960s \"classic rock\" period, a number of distinct rock music subgenres had emerged, including hybrids like blues rock, folk rock, country rock, raga rock, and jazz-rock, many of which contributed to the development of psychedelic rock, which was influenced by the countercultural psychedelic and hippie scene.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, songwriter, and dancer.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"King of Pop\", he was one of the most popular entertainers in the world, and was the best-selling music artist during the year of his death.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Jackson's contributions to music, dance, and fashion along with his publicized personal life made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ The eighth child of the Jackson family, Michael made his professional debut in 1964 with his elder brothers Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, and Marlon as a member of the Jackson 5.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ He began his solo career in 1971 while at Motown Records.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ Folk rock is a music genre combining elements of folk music and rock music.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ In its earliest and narrowest sense, the term referred to a genre that arose in the United States and the United Kingdom around the mid-1960s.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The genre emerged from bands such as the Beatles, the Searchers, and the Animals in the UK, and Bob Dylan and the Byrds in the US, who played traditional folk music and songs with rock instrumentation.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The term \"folk rock\" is first noted as being used by the U.S. music press in June 1965 to describe the Byrds' music; the band's debut album was released the same month.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The commercial success of the Byrds' 1965 cover version of Dylan's \"Mr. Tambourine Man\", along with Dylan's own recordings with rock instrumentation—on the albums \"Bringing It All Back Home\" (1965), \"Highway 61 Revisited\" (1965), and \"Blonde on Blonde\" (1966)—encouraged the creation of folk rock groups in the mid-1960s.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ Australian rock, also called Oz rock, is rock music from Australia.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ The nation has a rich history of rock music and an appreciation of the roots of various rock genres, usually originating in the United States or Britain, but also Ireland, continental Europe, and more recently the musical styles of Africa.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ Australian rock has also contributed to the development of some of these genres, as well as having its own unique Australiana sound with pub rock and its indigenous music.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ From 1955 to 1975 three distinct \"waves\" of Australian rock occurred.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ The first wave was from 1955 to 1963 and was influenced by American and British styles with local variants provided by artists such as Johnny O'Keefe, who had a hit with \"Wild One\", which appeared in July 1958.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ The Beatles: Rock Band is a 2009 music video game developed by Harmonix, published by MTV Games, and distributed by Electronic Arts.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ It is the third major console release in the \"Rock Band\" music video game series, in which players can simulate the playing of rock music by using controllers shaped like musical instruments.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ \"The Beatles: Rock Band\" is the first band-centric game in the series, and it is centered on the popular English rock group the Beatles.", "The Beatles: Rock Band __knowledge__ The game features virtual portrayals of the four band members performing the songs throughout the band's history, including depictions of some of their famous live performances, as well as a number of \"dreamscape\" sequences for songs from the Abbey Road Studios recording sessions during the group's studio years.", "NME __knowledge__ New Musical Express (NME) is a British music journalism magazine published since 1952.", "NME __knowledge__ It was the first British paper to include a singles chart, in the edition of 14 November 1952.", "NME __knowledge__ In the 1970s it became the best-selling British music newspaper.", "NME __knowledge__ During the period 1972 to 1976, it was particularly associated with gonzo journalism, then became closely associated with punk rock through the writings of Julie Burchill, Paul Morley and Tony Parsons.", "NME __knowledge__ It started as a music newspaper, and gradually moved toward a magazine format during the 1980s and 1990s, changing from newsprint in 1998.", "NME __knowledge__ An online version of \"NME\", NME.com, was launched in 1996.", "Paul Kelly (Australian musician) __knowledge__ Paul Maurice Kelly (born 13 January 1955) is an Australian rock music singer-songwriter, guitarist, and harmonica player.", "Paul Kelly (Australian musician) __knowledge__ He has performed solo, and has led numerous groups, including the Dots, the Coloured Girls, and the Messengers.", "Paul Kelly (Australian musician) __knowledge__ He has worked with other artists and groups, including associated projects Professor Ratbaggy and Stardust Five.", "Paul Kelly (Australian musician) __knowledge__ Kelly's music style has ranged from bluegrass to studio-oriented dub reggae, but his core output straddles folk, rock, and country.", "Paul Kelly (Australian musician) __knowledge__ His lyrics capture the vastness of the culture and landscape of Australia by chronicling life about him for over 30 years.", "Progressive rock __knowledge__ Progressive rock (shortened as prog; sometimes called art rock, classical rock or symphonic rock) is a broad subgenre of rock music that developed in the United Kingdom and United States throughout the mid to late 1960s.", "Progressive rock __knowledge__ Initially termed \"progressive pop\", the style was an outgrowth of psychedelic bands who abandoned standard pop traditions in favour of instrumentation and compositional techniques more frequently associated with jazz, folk, or classical music.", "Progressive rock __knowledge__ Additional elements contributed to its \"progressive\" label: lyrics were more poetic, technology was harnessed for new sounds, music approached the condition of \"art\" and the studio, rather than the stage, became the focus of musical activity, which often involved creating music for listening, not dancing.", "Alternative rock __knowledge__ Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative) is a style of rock music that emerged from the independent music underground of the 1980s and became widely popular in the 1990s.", "Alternative rock __knowledge__ In this instance, the word \"alternative\" refers to the genre's distinction from mainstream rock music.", "Alternative rock __knowledge__ The term's original meaning was broader, referring to a generation of musicians unified by their collective debt to either the musical style or simply the independent, DIY ethos of punk rock, which in the late 1970s laid the groundwork for alternative music.", "Alternative rock __knowledge__ At times, \"alternative\" has been used as a catch-all description for music from underground rock artists that receives mainstream recognition, or for any music, whether rock or not, that is seen to be descended from punk rock (including some examples of punk itself, as well as new wave, and post-punk).", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock is rock music from the United States.", "American rock __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, rhythm and blues, and country music, and also drew on folk music, jazz, blues, and classical music.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock music was further influenced by the British Invasion of the American pop charts from 1964 and resulted in the development of garage rock.", "American rock __knowledge__ From the late 1960s and early 1970s, American rock music was highly influential in the development of a number of fusions, including blending with folk music to create folk rock, with blues to create blues rock, with country music to create country rock, roots rock and southern rock and with jazz to create jazz rock, all of which contributed to psychedelic rock.", "1960s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the events and trends in popular music in the 1960s.", "1960s in music __knowledge__ In North America and Europe the decade was particularly revolutionary in terms of popular music, as it saw the evolution of rock.", "1960s in music __knowledge__ At the beginning of the 1960s, pop and rock and roll trends of the 1950s continued; nevertheless, the rock and roll of the decade before started to merge into a more international, eclectic variant known as rock.", "1960s in music __knowledge__ In the early-1960s, rock and roll in its purest form was gradually overtaken by pop rock, beat, psychedelic rock, blues rock, and folk rock, which had grown in popularity.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British rock describes a wide variety of forms of music made in the United Kingdom.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Since around 1964, with the \"British Invasion\" of the United States spearheaded by the Beatles, British rock music has had a considerable impact on the development of American music and rock music across the world.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Initial attempts to emulate American rock and roll took place in Britain in the mid-1950s, but the terms \"rock music\" and \"rock\" usually refer to the music derived from the blues-rock and other genres that emerged during the 1960s.", "Rock music in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The term is often used in combination with other terms to describe a variety of hybrids or subgenres, and is often contrasted with pop music, with which it shares many structures and instrumentation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.", "Rock music __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse–chorus form, but the genre has become extremely diverse.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political.", "Rock music __knowledge__ By the late 1960s \"classic rock\" period, a number of distinct rock music subgenres had emerged, including hybrids like blues rock, folk rock, country rock, raga rock, and jazz-rock, many of which contributed to the development of psychedelic rock, which was influenced by the countercultural psychedelic and hippie scene.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Women in music __knowledge__ Women in music describes the role of women as composers, songwriters, instrumental performers, singers, conductors, music scholars, music educators, music critics/music journalists and other musical professions.", "Women in music __knowledge__ As well, it describes music movements (e.g., women's music, which is music written and performed by women for women), events and genres related to women, women's issues and feminism.", "Women in music __knowledge__ In the 2010s, while women comprise a significant proportion of popular music and classical music singers, and a significant proportion of songwriters (many of them being singer-songwriters), there are few women record producers, rock critics and rock instrumentalists.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ Folk rock is a music genre combining elements of folk music and rock music.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ In its earliest and narrowest sense, the term referred to a genre that arose in the United States and the United Kingdom around the mid-1960s.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The genre emerged from bands such as the Beatles, the Searchers, and the Animals in the UK, and Bob Dylan and the Byrds in the US, who played traditional folk music and songs with rock instrumentation.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The term \"folk rock\" is first noted as being used by the U.S. music press in June 1965 to describe the Byrds' music; the band's debut album was released the same month.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The commercial success of the Byrds' 1965 cover version of Dylan's \"Mr. Tambourine Man\", along with Dylan's own recordings with rock instrumentation—on the albums \"Bringing It All Back Home\" (1965), \"Highway 61 Revisited\" (1965), and \"Blonde on Blonde\" (1966)—encouraged the creation of folk rock groups in the mid-1960s.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ Australian rock, also called Oz rock, is rock music from Australia.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ The nation has a rich history of rock music and an appreciation of the roots of various rock genres, usually originating in the United States or Britain, but also Ireland, continental Europe, and more recently the musical styles of Africa.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ Australian rock has also contributed to the development of some of these genres, as well as having its own unique Australiana sound with pub rock and its indigenous music.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ From 1955 to 1975 three distinct \"waves\" of Australian rock occurred.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ The first wave was from 1955 to 1963 and was influenced by American and British styles with local variants provided by artists such as Johnny O'Keefe, who had a hit with \"Wild One\", which appeared in July 1958.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock is rock music from the United States.", "American rock __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, rhythm and blues, and country music, and also drew on folk music, jazz, blues, and classical music.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock music was further influenced by the British Invasion of the American pop charts from 1964 and resulted in the development of garage rock.", "American rock __knowledge__ From the late 1960s and early 1970s, American rock music was highly influential in the development of a number of fusions, including blending with folk music to create folk rock, with blues to create blues rock, with country music to create country rock, roots rock and southern rock and with jazz to create jazz rock, all of which contributed to psychedelic rock.", "1960s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the events and trends in popular music in the 1960s.", "1960s in music __knowledge__ In North America and Europe the decade was particularly revolutionary in terms of popular music, as it saw the evolution of rock.", "1960s in music __knowledge__ At the beginning of the 1960s, pop and rock and roll trends of the 1950s continued; nevertheless, the rock and roll of the decade before started to merge into a more international, eclectic variant known as rock.", "1960s in music __knowledge__ In the early-1960s, rock and roll in its purest form was gradually overtaken by pop rock, beat, psychedelic rock, blues rock, and folk rock, which had grown in popularity.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ The music of Cuba, including its instruments, performance and dance, comprises a large set of unique traditions influenced mostly by west African and European (especially Spanish) music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Due to the syncretic nature of most of its genres, Cuban music is often considered one of the richest and most influential regional musics of the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ For instance, the son cubano merges an adapted Spanish guitar (tres), melody, harmony, and lyrical traditions with Afro-Cuban percussion and rhythms.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Almost nothing remains of the original native traditions, since the native population was exterminated in the 16th century.", "J-pop __knowledge__ J-pop (often stylized as J-POP; \"jeipoppu\"; an abbreviation for Japanese pop), natively also known simply as pops, is a musical genre that entered the musical mainstream of Japan in the 1990s.", "J-pop __knowledge__ Modern J-pop has its roots in traditional Japanese music, but significantly in 1960s pop and rock music, such as The Beatles and The Beach Boys, which led to Japanese rock bands such as Happy End fusing rock with Japanese music in the early 1970s.", "J-pop __knowledge__ J-pop was further defined by new wave groups in the late 1970s, particularly electronic synth-pop band Yellow Magic Orchestra and pop rock band Southern All Stars.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge (sometimes referred to as the Seattle sound) is a subgenre of alternative rock and a subculture that emerged during the in the Pacific Northwest U.S. state of Washington, particularly in Seattle and nearby towns.", "Grunge __knowledge__ The early grunge movement revolved around Seattle's independent record label Sub Pop and that region's underground music scene.", "Grunge __knowledge__ By the early 1990s its popularity had spread, with grunge bands appearing in California, then emerging in other parts of the United States and in Australia, building strong followings and signing major record deals.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge was commercially successful in the early–mid 1990s, due to releases such as Nirvana's \"Nevermind\", Pearl Jam's \"Ten\", Soundgarden's \"Superunknown\", Alice in Chains' \"Dirt\" and Stone Temple Pilots' \"Core\".", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.", "Rock music __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse–chorus form, but the genre has become extremely diverse.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political.", "Rock music __knowledge__ By the late 1960s \"classic rock\" period, a number of distinct rock music subgenres had emerged, including hybrids like blues rock, folk rock, country rock, raga rock, and jazz-rock, many of which contributed to the development of psychedelic rock, which was influenced by the countercultural psychedelic and hippie scene.", "Cousin marriage __knowledge__ Cousin marriage is marriage between cousins (i.e.", "Cousin marriage __knowledge__ people with common grandparents or people who share other fairly recent ancestors).", "Cousin marriage __knowledge__ Opinions and practice vary widely across the world.", "Cousin marriage __knowledge__ In some cultures and communities, cousin marriage is considered ideal and actively encouraged; in others, it is subject to social stigma.", "Cousin marriage __knowledge__ Cousin marriage is common in the Middle East, for instance, where it accounts for over half of all marriages in some countries.", "Cousin marriage __knowledge__ In some countries outside that region, it is uncommon but still legal.", "Cousin marriage __knowledge__ In others, it is seen as incestuous and is legally prohibited: it is banned in China and Taiwan, North Korea, South Korea, the Philippines and 24 of the 50 United States.", "Mariano Rivera __knowledge__ Mariano Rivera (born November 29, 1969) is a Panamanian-American former professional baseball pitcher who played 19 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Yankees, from 1995 to 2013.", "Mariano Rivera __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Mo\" and \"Sandman\", Rivera spent most of his career as a relief pitcher and served as the Yankees' closer for 17 seasons.", "Mariano Rivera __knowledge__ A thirteen-time All-Star and five-time World Series champion, he is MLB's career leader in saves (652) and games finished (952).", "Mariano Rivera __knowledge__ Rivera won five American League (AL) Rolaids Relief Man Awards and three Delivery Man of the Year Awards, and he finished in the top three in voting for the AL Cy Young Award four times.", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy __knowledge__ The presidency of John F. Kennedy began on January 20, 1961, when Kennedy was inaugurated as the 35th President of the United States, and ended on November 22, 1963, upon his assassination and death, a span of days.", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy __knowledge__ A Democrat, he took office following the 1960 presidential election, in which he narrowly defeated Richard Nixon.", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy __knowledge__ He was succeeded by Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson.", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy __knowledge__ Kennedy was the first person born in the 20th century to be elected president, and, at age 43, the youngest person elected to the office.", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy __knowledge__ He was also the first Roman Catholic elected to the presidency.", "Presidency of John F. Kennedy __knowledge__ Kennedy played an important role in bringing American politics into the modern communications age, as his use of television provided a campaign model that spoke to voters directly, and his media presidency greatly weakened the power of political machines in party politics.", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres __knowledge__ Field Marshal John Denton Pinkstone French, 1st Earl of Ypres, (28 September 1852 – 22 May 1925), known as Sir John French from 1901 to 1916, and as The Viscount French between 1916 and 1922, was a senior British Army officer.", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres __knowledge__ Born in Kent to an Anglo-Irish family, he saw brief service as a midshipman in the Royal Navy, before becoming a cavalry officer.", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres __knowledge__ He achieved rapid promotion and distinguished himself on the Gordon Relief Expedition.", "John French, 1st Earl of Ypres __knowledge__ French had a considerable reputation as a womaniser throughout his life and his career nearly ended when he was cited in the divorce of a brother officer whilst in India in the early 1890s.", "Mircea Eliade __knowledge__ Mircea Eliade (; – April 22, 1986) was a Romanian historian of religion, fiction writer, philosopher, and professor at the University of Chicago.", "Mircea Eliade __knowledge__ He was a leading interpreter of religious experience, who established paradigms in religious studies that persist to this day.", "Mircea Eliade __knowledge__ His theory that \"hierophanies\" form the basis of religion, splitting the human experience of reality into sacred and profane space and time, has proved influential.", "Mircea Eliade __knowledge__ One of his most influential contributions to religious studies was his theory of \"Eternal Return\", which holds that myths and rituals do not simply commemorate hierophanies, but, at least to the minds of the religious, actually participate in them.", "Trevor Hoffman __knowledge__ Trevor William Hoffman (born October 13, 1967) is an American former baseball relief pitcher who played 18 years in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1993 to 2010.", "Trevor Hoffman __knowledge__ A long-time closer, he pitched for the Florida Marlins, San Diego Padres, and the Milwaukee Brewers, including more than 15 years for the Padres.", "Trevor Hoffman __knowledge__ He was the major leagues' first player to reach the 500- and 600-save milestones, and was the all-time saves leader from 2006 until 2011.", "Trevor Hoffman __knowledge__ Hoffman was elected into the Baseball Hall of Fame as a member of its class of 2018.", "Trevor Hoffman __knowledge__ He currently serves as senior advisor for baseball operations for the Padres.", "John F. Kennedy __knowledge__ John Fitzgerald Kennedy (May 29, 1917 – November 22, 1963), commonly referred to by his initials JFK, was an American politician who served as the 35th President of the United States from January 1961 until his assassination in November 1963.", "John F. Kennedy __knowledge__ Kennedy served at the height of the Cold War, and much of his presidency focused on managing relations with the Soviet Union.", "John F. Kennedy __knowledge__ A member of the Democratic Party, Kennedy represented the state of Massachusetts in the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate prior to becoming president.", "John F. Kennedy __knowledge__ Kennedy was born in Brookline, Massachusetts, to Joseph P. Kennedy Sr. and Rose Kennedy.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ Australian rock, also called Oz rock, is rock music from Australia.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ The nation has a rich history of rock music and an appreciation of the roots of various rock genres, usually originating in the United States or Britain, but also Ireland, continental Europe, and more recently the musical styles of Africa.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ Australian rock has also contributed to the development of some of these genres, as well as having its own unique Australiana sound with pub rock and its indigenous music.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ From 1955 to 1975 three distinct \"waves\" of Australian rock occurred.", "Rock music in Australia __knowledge__ The first wave was from 1955 to 1963 and was influenced by American and British styles with local variants provided by artists such as Johnny O'Keefe, who had a hit with \"Wild One\", which appeared in July 1958.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock is rock music from the United States.", "American rock __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, rhythm and blues, and country music, and also drew on folk music, jazz, blues, and classical music.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock music was further influenced by the British Invasion of the American pop charts from 1964 and resulted in the development of garage rock.", "American rock __knowledge__ From the late 1960s and early 1970s, American rock music was highly influential in the development of a number of fusions, including blending with folk music to create folk rock, with blues to create blues rock, with country music to create country rock, roots rock and southern rock and with jazz to create jazz rock, all of which contributed to psychedelic rock.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ Folk rock is a music genre combining elements of folk music and rock music.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ In its earliest and narrowest sense, the term referred to a genre that arose in the United States and the United Kingdom around the mid-1960s.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The genre emerged from bands such as the Beatles, the Searchers, and the Animals in the UK, and Bob Dylan and the Byrds in the US, who played traditional folk music and songs with rock instrumentation.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The term \"folk rock\" is first noted as being used by the U.S. music press in June 1965 to describe the Byrds' music; the band's debut album was released the same month.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The commercial success of the Byrds' 1965 cover version of Dylan's \"Mr. Tambourine Man\", along with Dylan's own recordings with rock instrumentation—on the albums \"Bringing It All Back Home\" (1965), \"Highway 61 Revisited\" (1965), and \"Blonde on Blonde\" (1966)—encouraged the creation of folk rock groups in the mid-1960s.", "Cher __knowledge__ Cher (; born Cherilyn Sarkisian; May 20, 1946) is an American singer and actress.", "Cher __knowledge__ Sometimes called the Goddess of Pop, she has been described as embodying female autonomy in a male-dominated industry.", "Cher __knowledge__ She is known for her distinctive contralto singing voice and for having worked in numerous areas of entertainment, as well as adopting a variety of styles and appearances during her six-decade-long career.", "Cher __knowledge__ Cher gained popularity in 1965 as one-half of the folk rock husband-wife duo Sonny & Cher after their song \"I Got You Babe\" reached number one on the American and British charts.", "Cher __knowledge__ By the end of 1967, they had sold 40 million records worldwide and had become, according to \"Time\" magazine, rock's \"it\" couple.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ Argentine rock (locally Rock nacional) is rock music composed or performed by Argentine bands or artists mostly in Spanish.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ \"Argentine rock\" began recycling hits of English-language rock & roll.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ However a rising trend of composing new songs mostly in Spanish can be traced at late 1960s, when several garage groups and aspiring musicians began composing songs and lyrics that related to local social and musical themes.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ Since then, Argentine rock started a continued and uninterrupted evolution through the 1970s and into the 1980s, being widely considered one of the most prolific and successful forms of Rock en Español, and one of the most important non-English language forms of rock music in the world." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "rock music is a broad and awesome genre of music", "rock music really is a great music genre", "yea rock music really hit hard in and around the 1950s", "yep rock music has been a very popular genre for a while now." ]

[ "Rock music", "Rock music", "Rock music", "Rock music" ]

[ "IPhone\nIphone was the first phone I ever had, used to love them", "yea I dont care much for apple much these days, too much money for too little", "Ever since andriod surpassed their capabilities its been not worth", "Yea, they arent terrible but i dont really care for them, to each their own" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Other functionality, such as video games, reference works, and social networking, can be enabled by downloading mobile apps.", "IPhone __knowledge__ , Apple's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Apple has released eleven generations of iPhone models, each accompanied by one of the eleven major releases of the iOS operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The original first-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents, such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The iPhone 5S is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. Part of the iPhone series, the device was unveiled on September 10, 2013, at Apple's Cupertino headquarters.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ It was released on September 20, 2013, along with its lower-cost counterpart, the iPhone 5c.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The iPhone 5S maintains almost the same external design as its predecessor, the iPhone 5, although the 5S received a new white/gold color scheme in addition to white/silver and space gray/black, however the 5S has vastly upgraded internal hardware.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The 5S introduced the A7 64-bit dual-core system-on-chip, the first 64-bit processor to be used on a smartphone, accompanied by the M7 \"motion co-processor\".", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ The iPhone 4 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ Following a number of notable leaks, the iPhone 4 was first unveiled on June 7, 2010, at Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco, and was released on June 24, 2010, in the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany and Japan.", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ It is the 4th generation of iPhone, succeeding the 3GS and preceding the 4S.", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ The iPhone 4 introduced a new hardware design to the iPhone family, which Apple's CEO Steve Jobs touted as the thinnest smartphone in the world at the time; it consisted of a stainless steel frame which doubles as an antenna, with internal components situated between aluminosilicate glass.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ The iPhone 5 is a smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ It is the sixth generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 4S and preceding the iPhone 5S and iPhone 5C.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ Formally unveiled as part of a press event on September 12, 2012, it was released on September 21, 2012.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ The iPhone 5 is the first iPhone to be announced in September and setting a trend for subsequent iPhone releases, the first iPhone to be completely developed under the guidance of Tim Cook and the last iPhone to be overseen by Steve Jobs.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ The iPhone 5 featured major design changes in comparison to its predecessor.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ These included an aluminum-based body which was thinner and lighter than previous models, a taller screen with a nearly aspect ratio, the Apple A6 system-on-chip, LTE support, and Lightning, a new compact dock connector which replaced the 30-pin design used by previous iPhone models.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The devices are part of the iPhone series and were announced on September 9, 2014, and released on September 19, 2014.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus jointly serve as successors to the iPhone 5S and were themselves replaced as flagship devices of the iPhone series by the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus on September 9, 2015.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus include larger displays, a faster processor, upgraded cameras, improved LTE and Wi-Fi connectivity and support for a near field communications-based mobile payments offering.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ A smartphone is a handheld personal computer with a mobile operating system and an integrated mobile broadband cellular network connection for voice, SMS, and Internet data communication; most if not all smartphones also support Wi-Fi.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Smartphones are typically pocket-sized, as opposed to tablets, which are much larger.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ They are able to run a variety of software components, known as “apps”.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Most basic apps (e.g.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ event calendar, camera, web browser) come pre-installed with the system, while others are available for download from places like the Google Play Store or Apple App Store.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Apps can receive bug fixes and gain additional functionality through software updates; similarly, operating systems are able to update.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ The iPhone 4S (retroactively stylized with a lowercase 's' as iPhone 4s as of September 2013) is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ It is the fifth generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 4 and preceding the iPhone 5.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ Announced on October 4, 2011 at Apple's Cupertino campus, its media coverage was accompanied by news of the death of former Apple CEO and co-founder Steve Jobs on the following day.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ Orders could be placed on October 7, 2011 and mainstream availability in retail stores began on October 14, 2011 in the United States, Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Japan." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Other functionality, such as video games, reference works, and social networking, can be enabled by downloading mobile apps.", "IPhone __knowledge__ , Apple's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Apple has released eleven generations of iPhone models, each accompanied by one of the eleven major releases of the iOS operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The original first-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents, such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Criticism of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is a multinational American technology company which sells consumer electronics that have been claimed by critics to combine stolen and/or purchased designs that it claims are its own original creations.", "Criticism of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Criticism of Apple includes unethical business practices such as anti-competitive behavior, rash litigation, and dubious tax tactics, their production methods involving the use of sweatshop labor, customer service issues involving misleading warranties and insufficient data security, and concerns about environmental destruction.", "Criticism of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Additionally, it has been criticized for its alleged collaboration with U.S. surveillance program, PRISM.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, or Xcode.", "Hinglaj Mata __knowledge__ Hinglaj Mata (Balochi and ), also known as Hinglaj Devi, Hingula Devi and Nani Mandir, is a Hindu temple in Hinglaj, a town on the Makran coast in the Lasbela district of Balochistan, and is the middle of the Hingol National Park.", "Hinglaj Mata __knowledge__ It is one of the Shakti Peethas of the goddess Sati.", "Hinglaj Mata __knowledge__ It is a form of Durga or Devi in a mountain cavern on the banks of the Hingol River.", "Hinglaj Mata __knowledge__ The cave temple of Hinglaj Mata is in a narrow gorge in the remote, hilly area of Lyari Tehsil in Pakistan's Balochistan province.", "Hinglaj Mata __knowledge__ It is to the northwest of Karachi, inland from the Arabian Sea and to the west of the mouth of the Indus.", "Mahesh Chandra Regmi __knowledge__ Mahesh Chandra Regmi (December 1929 – July 2003) was a historian and archivist of Nepal.", "Mahesh Chandra Regmi __knowledge__ In 1977, became the first Nepali to receive the Ramon Magsaysay Award, Asia's most renowned award, for creating the Research Series.", "Mahesh Chandra Regmi __knowledge__ Regmi was awarded the prestigious Ramon Magsaysay Award in 1977 for recognition of his“chronicling of Nepal’s past and present, enabling his people to discover their origins anddelineating national options.” The citation presented to him on that occasion can be found atwww.rmaf.org.ph/Awardees/Citation/CitationRegmiMah.htm In honor of the contributions made by Regmi to the scholarship on Nepal, the Kathmandu-based academic NGO Social Science Baha instituted the annual Mahesh C. Regmi lecture series in 2003, the first of which was attended by Regmi himself, just weeks before his death.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Apple IIGS __knowledge__ The Apple IIGS (styled as II), the fifth and most powerful model of the Apple II family, is a 16-bit personal computer produced by Apple Computer, Inc.", "Apple IIGS __knowledge__ While featuring the Macintosh look and feel, and capabilities similar to the Commodore Amiga and Atari ST, it still remains backwards compatible with earlier Apple II models.", "Apple IIGS __knowledge__ The \"GS\" in the name stands for \"Graphics and Sound,\" referring to its enhanced multimedia hardware, especially its state of the art audio.", "Apple IIGS __knowledge__ The machine is a radical departure from any previous Apple II, with its 65C816 16-bit microprocessor, direct access to megabytes of RAM, and mouse.", "IPhone 7 __knowledge__ iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 7 __knowledge__ They were announced on September 7, 2016, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, and were released on September 16, 2016, succeeding the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus as the flagship devices in the iPhone series.", "IPhone 7 __knowledge__ Apple also released the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus in numerous countries worldwide throughout September and October 2016.", "IPhone 7 __knowledge__ They were succeeded as flagship devices by the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus on September 22, 2017, and the iPhone X on November 3, 2017.", "IPhone 7 __knowledge__ The iPhone 7's overall design is similar to the iPhone 6S, but introduces new color options, water and dust resistance, a new capacitive, static home button, and removes the 3.5 mm headphone jack.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The devices are part of the iPhone series and were announced on September 9, 2014, and released on September 19, 2014.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus jointly serve as successors to the iPhone 5S and were themselves replaced as flagship devices of the iPhone series by the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus on September 9, 2015.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus include larger displays, a faster processor, upgraded cameras, improved LTE and Wi-Fi connectivity and support for a near field communications-based mobile payments offering.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ A smartphone is a handheld personal computer with a mobile operating system and an integrated mobile broadband cellular network connection for voice, SMS, and Internet data communication; most if not all smartphones also support Wi-Fi.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Smartphones are typically pocket-sized, as opposed to tablets, which are much larger.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ They are able to run a variety of software components, known as “apps”.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Most basic apps (e.g.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ event calendar, camera, web browser) come pre-installed with the system, while others are available for download from places like the Google Play Store or Apple App Store.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Apps can receive bug fixes and gain additional functionality through software updates; similarly, operating systems are able to update.", "IPhone 5C __knowledge__ The iPhone 5C (marketed with a stylized lowercase 'c' as iPhone 5c) is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 5C __knowledge__ The device was part of the iPhone series and was unveiled on September 10, 2013, and released on September 20, 2013, along with its higher-end counterpart, the iPhone 5S.", "IPhone 5C __knowledge__ The \"c\" in the phone's name stood for \"color\".", "IPhone 5C __knowledge__ The iPhone 5C is a variant of the iPhone 5, with similar hardware specifications but a hard-coated polycarbonate shell instead of the aluminium of the original iPhone 5.", "IPhone 5C __knowledge__ The iPhone 5C was available in several color options, and shipped with iOS 7.", "IPhone 5C __knowledge__ The iPhone 5C was sold at a discounted price point in comparison to the 5S: unlike Apple's prior practice of lowering the price of the previous model upon release of a new version, the iPhone 5 was explicitly discontinued and replaced by the 5C.", "IPhone 6S __knowledge__ iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus (stylized and marketed as iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus) are smartphones designed, developed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 6S __knowledge__ They were announced on September 9, 2015, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, with pre-orders beginning September 12 and official release on September 25, 2015.", "IPhone 6S __knowledge__ The iPhone 6S and 6S Plus were succeeded by the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus in September 2016.", "IPhone 6S __knowledge__ The iPhone 6S has a similar design to the iPhone 6 but includes updated hardware, including a strengthened chassis and upgraded system-on-chip, a 12-megapixel camera, improved fingerprint recognition sensor, and LTE Advanced support." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Other functionality, such as video games, reference works, and social networking, can be enabled by downloading mobile apps.", "IPhone __knowledge__ , Apple's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Apple has released eleven generations of iPhone models, each accompanied by one of the eleven major releases of the iOS operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The original first-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents, such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations.", "Kevork Shadoyan __knowledge__ Kevork Shadoyan (; Arabic: كيفورك شادويان; born 14 February 1974) is a Syrian/Armenian fashion designer.", "Kevork Shadoyan __knowledge__ His main workshop is in Yerevan, Armenia.", "Kevork Shadoyan __knowledge__ Shadoyan was born in 1974 in Aleppo, Syria to an Armenian family.", "Kevork Shadoyan __knowledge__ Kevork`s father was a tailor in Aleppo and the young man fell in love with working with clothing in his teenage years.", "Kevork Shadoyan __knowledge__ He had his own designer school in Aleppo.", "Kevork Shadoyan __knowledge__ Kevork was very well known in the area and was even once invited to Saudi Arabia to design the dowry clothes for one of the princesses there.", "Kevork Shadoyan __knowledge__ For four months, together with forty Indian workers, he designed and made almost forty dresses for her.", "Karine Shadoyan __knowledge__ Karine Shadoyan (, born 4 March 1975) is an Armenian Freestyle female wrestler.", "Karine Shadoyan __knowledge__ Shadoyan won a bronze medal at the 2006 European Wrestling Championships.", "Karine Shadoyan __knowledge__ She is the first female wrestler from Armenia to win a medal at the European Wrestling Championships.", "Outpatient surgery __knowledge__ Outpatient surgery, also known as ambulatory surgery, same-day surgery, day case, or day surgery, is surgery that does not require an overnight hospital stay.", "Outpatient surgery __knowledge__ The term “outpatient” arises from the fact that surgery patients may go home and do not need an overnight hospital bed.", "Outpatient surgery __knowledge__ The purpose of outpatient surgery is to keep hospital costs down, as well as saving the patient time that would otherwise be wasted in the hospital.", "Outpatient surgery __knowledge__ Outpatient surgery has grown in popularity due to the rise in outpatient surgery centers and improved technology.", "Outpatient surgery __knowledge__ Outpatient surgery centers often allow patients to get medical surgery and cosmetic surgery done in much more luxurious settings than a state hospital and are often preferred by patients for minor surgical procedures.", "Economy of China __knowledge__ China's socialist market economy is the world's second largest economy by nominal GDP and the world's largest economy by purchasing power parity according to the IMF, although China's National Bureau of Statistic denies this claim.", "Economy of China __knowledge__ Until 2015, China was the world's fastest-growing major economy, with growth rates averaging 10% over 30 years.", "Economy of China __knowledge__ Due to historical and political facts of China's developing economy, China's public sector accounts for a bigger share of the national economy than the burgeoning private sector.", "Economy of China __knowledge__ On a per capita income basis, China ranked 71st by GDP (nominal) and 78th by GDP (PPP) in 2016, according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF).", "Gisele Bündchen __knowledge__ Gisele Caroline Bündchen (; , ; born 20 July 1980) is a Brazilian model.", "Gisele Bündchen __knowledge__ Since 2004, Bündchen has been among the highest-paid models in the world, and as of 2007 was the 16th richest woman in the entertainment industry.", "Gisele Bündchen __knowledge__ In 2012, she placed first on the \"Forbes\" top-earning models list.", "Gisele Bündchen __knowledge__ In 2014, she was listed as the 89th Most Powerful Woman in the World by \"Forbes\".", "Gisele Bündchen __knowledge__ In the late 1990s, Bündchen was the first in a wave of Brazilian models to find international success.", "Gisele Bündchen __knowledge__ In 1999, \"Vogue\" noted \"The Return of the Sexy Model\", and she was credited with ending the \"heroin chic\" era of modeling.", "Gisele Bündchen __knowledge__ Bündchen was one of the Victoria's Secret Angels from 2000 until mid-2007.", "China __knowledge__ China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.", "China __knowledge__ Covering approximately , it is the third- or fourth-largest country by total area, depending on the source consulted.", "China __knowledge__ China also has the most neighbor countries in the world.", "China __knowledge__ Governed by the Communist Party of China, it exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.", "Zhengzhou __knowledge__ Zhengzhou is a Chinese city and the provincial capital of Henan Province in east-central China.", "Zhengzhou __knowledge__ As a prefecture-level city, it also serves as the political, economic, technological, and educational centre of the province, as well as a major transportation hub for Central China.", "Zhengzhou __knowledge__ The city lies on the southern bank of the Yellow River, and is one of the Eight Great Ancient Capitals of China.", "Zhengzhou __knowledge__ Zhengzhou has a population of 9,378,000 inhabitants with an urban population of 6,406,000, the city is one of the main built-up areas of Henan region.", "Zhengzhou __knowledge__ Zhengzhou is now a rapidly growing city.", "Zhengzhou __knowledge__ Greater Zhengzhou was named as one of the 13 emerging megacities or megalopolises in China in a July 2012 report by the Economist Intelligence Unit.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, or Xcode.", "Macintosh __knowledge__ The Macintosh ( ; branded as Mac since 1998) is a family of personal computers designed, manufactured, and sold by Apple Inc. since January 1984.", "Macintosh __knowledge__ The original Macintosh was the company's first mass-market personal computer that featured a graphical user interface, built-in screen and mouse.", "Macintosh __knowledge__ Apple sold the Macintosh alongside its popular Apple II family of computers for almost ten years before the latter was cancelled in 1993.", "Macintosh __knowledge__ Early Macintosh models were expensive, hindering its competitiveness in a market already dominated by the Commodore 64 for consumers, as well as the IBM Personal Computer and its accompanying clone market for businesses.", "Steve Jobs (film) __knowledge__ Steve Jobs is a 2015 biographical drama film directed by Danny Boyle and written by Aaron Sorkin.", "Steve Jobs (film) __knowledge__ Based on the biography of the same name by Walter Isaacson as well as interviews conducted by Sorkin, the film is structured into three acts which cover 14 years (1984–1998) in the life of personal computing innovator and Apple Inc. co-founder Steve Jobs, with each act taking place immediately prior to the launch of a key product – the Apple Macintosh, the NeXT Computer and the iMac.", "Steve Jobs (film) __knowledge__ Jobs is portrayed by Michael Fassbender, with Kate Winslet, Seth Rogen, Katherine Waterston, Michael Stuhlbarg and Jeff Daniels in supporting roles.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc., formerly Apple Computer, Inc., is a multinational corporation that creates consumer electronics, personal computers, servers, and computer software, and is a digital distributor of media content.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company also has a chain of retail stores known as Apple Stores.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's core product lines are the iPhone smart phone, iPad tablet computer, iPod portable media players, and Macintosh computer line.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Founders Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak created Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, and incorporated the company on January 3, 1977, in Cupertino, California.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ For more than three decades, Apple Computer was predominantly a manufacturer of personal computers, including the Apple II, Macintosh, and Power Mac lines, but it faced rocky sales and low market share during the 1990s.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Jobs (film) __knowledge__ Jobs is a 2013 American biographical drama film inspired by the life of Steve Jobs, from 1974 while a student at Reed College to the introduction of the iPod in 2001.", "Jobs (film) __knowledge__ It is directed by Joshua Michael Stern, written by Matt Whiteley, and produced by Stern and Mark Hulme.", "Jobs (film) __knowledge__ Steve Jobs is portrayed by Ashton Kutcher, with Josh Gad as Apple Computer's co-founder Steve Wozniak.", "Jobs (film) __knowledge__ \"Jobs\" was chosen to close the 2013 Sundance Film Festival.", "Jobs (film) __knowledge__ The film opens in 2001 with a middle-aged Steve Jobs (Ashton Kutcher) introducing the iPod at an Apple Town Hall meeting.", "Jobs (film) __knowledge__ It then flashes back to Reed College in 1974." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Other functionality, such as video games, reference works, and social networking, can be enabled by downloading mobile apps.", "IPhone __knowledge__ , Apple's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Apple has released eleven generations of iPhone models, each accompanied by one of the eleven major releases of the iOS operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The original first-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents, such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "Ammersoyen Castle __knowledge__ Ammersoyen Castle () is located in Ammerzoden in the Bommelerwaard region in the province of Gelderland, the Netherlands.", "Ammersoyen Castle __knowledge__ When the original construction of the Castle occurred is unclear, some sources claim it was as early as the 12th century.", "Ammersoyen Castle __knowledge__ However, the consensus among historians is that the Van Herlaer family completed the Castle in the 1350s.", "Ammersoyen Castle __knowledge__ At the time of its construction, the castle was built along a branch of the River Maas.", "Ammersoyen Castle __knowledge__ Just a few years after the construction of the castle was completed, the river was rerouted leaving the castle to be surrounded by a moat.", "Ammersoyen Castle __knowledge__ The castle was designed to be a defensive fortress.", "Patrice M. Arent __knowledge__ Patrice M. Arent (born February 3, 1956) is a Democratic member of the Utah State House, representing the state's 36th house district.", "Patrice M. Arent __knowledge__ Arent was born February 3, 1956 in Utah.", "Patrice M. Arent __knowledge__ She received her B.S.", "Patrice M. Arent __knowledge__ from the University of Utah in 1978 and her J.D.", "Patrice M. Arent __knowledge__ from Cornell Law School in 1981.", "Patrice M. Arent __knowledge__ Before becoming a member of the House of Representatives, she worked as an Assistant Attorney General in the Utah Attorney General's Office from 1989-1995.", "Patrice M. Arent __knowledge__ She currently lives in Salt Lake City with her husband and two children.", "Patrice M. Arent __knowledge__ Arent was elected to the Utah House of Representatives in 1996 where she has served as Democratic Whip and Assistant Democratic Whip.", "DONT __knowledge__ In the card game contract bridge, DONT is a conventional overcall used to interfere with an opponent's one notrump (1NT) opening bid.", "DONT __knowledge__ DONT, an acronym for Disturb Opponents' Notrump, was designed by Marty Bergen, and is therefore also referred to as \"Bergen over Notrump\".", "DONT __knowledge__ Although the method is often criticized for being too nebulous, it remains fairly popular.", "DONT __knowledge__ The convention was first published in the September/October 1989 issue of \"Bridge Today\".", "DONT __knowledge__ In DONT, the two-level overcalls of trump show a two suiter of the suit bid and an unspecified higher-ranking suit.", "DONT __knowledge__ The feature distinguishing DONT from other similar conventions such as Cappelletti is the use of the double to show length in one suit, rather than hand strength or for .", "Darien, Connecticut __knowledge__ Darien is a town in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States.", "Darien, Connecticut __knowledge__ Located on Connecticut's \"Gold Coast,\" the population was 20,732 at the 2010 census.", "Darien, Connecticut __knowledge__ Darien is one of the wealthiest communities in the U.S.; it was listed at #2 on CNN Money's list of \"top-earning towns\" in the United States as of 2010.", "Darien, Connecticut __knowledge__ In 2018, data from the American Community Survey revealed that Darien was the wealthiest city in the United States, with a median household income of $208,125.", "Darien, Connecticut __knowledge__ Situated just off of I-95 between the cities of Norwalk and Stamford, the town is a bedroom community with relatively few office buildings.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google, based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open source software and designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ In addition, Google has further developed Android TV for televisions, Android Auto for cars, and Android Wear for wrist watches, each with a specialized user interface.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Variants of Android are also used on game consoles, digital cameras, PCs and other electronics.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Initially developed by Android Inc., which Google bought in 2005, Android was unveiled in 2007, with the first commercial Android device launched in September 2008.", "Adobe Flash __knowledge__ Adobe Flash is a multimedia software platform used for production of animations, rich Internet applications, desktop applications, mobile applications, mobile games and embedded web browser video players.", "Adobe Flash __knowledge__ Flash displays text, vector graphics and raster graphics to provide animations, video games and applications.", "Adobe Flash __knowledge__ It allows streaming of audio and video, and can capture mouse, keyboard, microphone and camera input.", "Adobe Flash __knowledge__ Artists may produce Flash graphics and animations using Adobe Animate.", "Adobe Flash __knowledge__ Software developers may produce applications and video games using Adobe Flash Builder, FlashDevelop, Flash Catalyst, or any text editor when used with the Apache Flex SDK.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The devices are part of the iPhone series and were announced on September 9, 2014, and released on September 19, 2014.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus jointly serve as successors to the iPhone 5S and were themselves replaced as flagship devices of the iPhone series by the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus on September 9, 2015.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus include larger displays, a faster processor, upgraded cameras, improved LTE and Wi-Fi connectivity and support for a near field communications-based mobile payments offering.", "BBC iPlayer __knowledge__ BBC iPlayer is an internet streaming, catchup, television and radio service from the BBC.", "BBC iPlayer __knowledge__ The service is available on a wide range of devices, including mobile phones and tablets, personal computers, and smart televisions.", "BBC iPlayer __knowledge__ iPlayer services delivered to UK based viewers feature no commercial advertising; non-UK users receive adverts.", "BBC iPlayer __knowledge__ The terms BBC iPlayer, iPlayer, and BBC Media Player refer to various methods for viewing or listening to the same content.", "BBC iPlayer __knowledge__ Viewing live television broadcasts from any UK broadcaster, or BBC TV catch-up or on demand programmes, in the UK without a TV licence is a criminal offence.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The iPhone 5S is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. Part of the iPhone series, the device was unveiled on September 10, 2013, at Apple's Cupertino headquarters.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ It was released on September 20, 2013, along with its lower-cost counterpart, the iPhone 5c.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The iPhone 5S maintains almost the same external design as its predecessor, the iPhone 5, although the 5S received a new white/gold color scheme in addition to white/silver and space gray/black, however the 5S has vastly upgraded internal hardware.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The 5S introduced the A7 64-bit dual-core system-on-chip, the first 64-bit processor to be used on a smartphone, accompanied by the M7 \"motion co-processor\".", "AT&T Mobility __knowledge__ AT&T Mobility LLC, marketed as simply AT&T, is a wholly owned subsidiary of AT&T that provides wireless services to 138.8 million subscribers in the United States including Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands.", "AT&T Mobility __knowledge__ AT&T Mobility is the second largest wireless telecommunications provider in the United States and Puerto Rico behind Verizon Wireless.", "AT&T Mobility __knowledge__ Originally known as Cingular Wireless from 2000 to 2007, a joint venture between SBC Communications and BellSouth, the company acquired the old AT&T Wireless in 2004; SBC later acquired the original AT&T.", "AT&T Mobility __knowledge__ Cingular became wholly owned by AT&T in December 2006 as a result of AT&T's acquisition of BellSouth." ] ]

[ 1, 29, 0, 0 ]

[ "iPhone is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by apple", "yea ever since Steve jobs died I feel like it has gone done hill ", "android can run flash but I still think iPhone is cool", "ever since when they took finger scanning away I was mad" ]

[ "IPhone", "IPhone", "IPhone", "IPhone" ]

[ "National Basketball Association", "Yes. I love watching the San Antonio Spurs - I miss Tim Duncan though", "Yes! Mugsey Bogues went to my college - he was super short yet played in the NBA" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The National Basketball Association (NBA) is a men's professional basketball league in North America; composed of 30 teams (29 in the United States and 1 in Canada).", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ It is widely considered to be the premier men's professional basketball league in the world.", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The NBA is an active member of USA Basketball (USAB), which is recognized by FIBA (also known as the International Basketball Federation) as the national governing body for basketball in the United States.", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The NBA is one of the four major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada.", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ NBA players are the world's best paid athletes by average annual salary per player.", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The league was founded in New York City on June 6, 1946, as the Basketball Association of America (BAA).", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The league adopted the name National Basketball Association on August 3, 1949, after merging with the competing National Basketball League (NBL).", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The league's several international as well as individual team offices are directed out of its head offices located in the Olympic Tower at 645 Fifth Avenue in New York, NY.", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ NBA Entertainment and NBA TV studios are directed out of offices located in Secaucus, New Jersey.", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The Basketball Association of America was founded in 1946 by owners of the major ice hockey arenas in the Northeastern and Midwestern United States and Canada." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The National Basketball Association (NBA) is a men's professional basketball league in North America; composed of 30 teams (29 in the United States and 1 in Canada).", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ It is widely considered to be the premier men's professional basketball league in the world.", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The NBA is an active member of USA Basketball (USAB), which is recognized by FIBA (also known as the International Basketball Federation) as the national governing body for basketball in the United States.", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The NBA is one of the four major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada.", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ NBA players are the world's best paid athletes by average annual salary per player.", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The league was founded in New York City on June 6, 1946, as the Basketball Association of America (BAA).", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The league adopted the name National Basketball Association on August 3, 1949, after merging with the competing National Basketball League (NBL).", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The league's several international as well as individual team offices are directed out of its head offices located in the Olympic Tower at 645 Fifth Avenue in New York, NY.", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ NBA Entertainment and NBA TV studios are directed out of offices located in Secaucus, New Jersey.", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The Basketball Association of America was founded in 1946 by owners of the major ice hockey arenas in the Northeastern and Midwestern United States and Canada.", "Big Three (San Antonio Spurs) __knowledge__ The Big Three were a trio of basketball players for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 2002–2016.", "Big Three (San Antonio Spurs) __knowledge__ The Big Three consisted of Tim Duncan, Tony Parker, and Manu Ginóbili.", "Big Three (San Antonio Spurs) __knowledge__ Each player of the Big Three was drafted by the San Antonio Spurs and played their entire NBA careers with the San Antonio Spurs.", "Big Three (San Antonio Spurs) __knowledge__ The Big Three won four NBA Championships during their time together in San Antonio, in 2003, 2005, 2007, and 2014.", "Big Three (San Antonio Spurs) __knowledge__ The trio is widely regarded as the greatest trio of teammates in NBA history, as they have won over 1,000 games together.", "Big Three (San Antonio Spurs) __knowledge__ Tim Duncan retired after the 2015-16 NBA season, leaving Tony Parker and Manu Ginóbili as the remaining members of The Big Three.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The San Antonio Spurs are an American professional basketball team based in San Antonio, Texas.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The Spurs compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the AT&T Center in San Antonio.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The Spurs are one of four former American Basketball Association (ABA) teams to remain intact in the NBA after the 1976 ABA–NBA merger and the only former ABA team to have won an NBA championship.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The Spurs' five NBA championships are the fourth most in history (tied with the Golden State Warriors) behind only the Boston Celtics (17), Los Angeles Lakers (16), and Chicago Bulls (6).", "Tim Duncan __knowledge__ Timothy \"Tim\" Theodore Duncan (born April 25, 1976) is an American retired professional basketball player who played his entire 19-year career with the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Tim Duncan __knowledge__ Widely considered to be the greatest power forward of all time , he is a five-time NBA champion, two-time NBA MVP, three-time NBA Finals MVP, NBA All-Star Game MVP and NBA Rookie of the Year.", "Tim Duncan __knowledge__ He is also a 15-time NBA All-Star and the only player to be selected to both the All-NBA and All-Defensive Teams in all of his first 13 seasons.", "Tim Duncan __knowledge__ Many refer to Duncan as the greatest Spurs player of all time.", "Twin Towers (San Antonio Spurs) __knowledge__ The Twin Towers is a name applied to the combination of Tim Duncan and David Robinson playing as the frontcourt of the San Antonio Spurs from 1997–2003.", "Twin Towers (San Antonio Spurs) __knowledge__ Both players were selected first overall by the San Antonio Spurs in their draft years with Robinson's selection coming in the 1987 NBA draft and Duncan's selection coming ten years later and both played their entire careers with the San Antonio Spurs.", "Twin Towers (San Antonio Spurs) __knowledge__ Prior to being selected number one overall by the Spurs in the 1997 NBA Draft, Tim Duncan played at Wake Forest for four years.", "Twin Towers (San Antonio Spurs) __knowledge__ Despite many speculations that Duncan would go pro early and would be the number one pick if he did so, he would not go pro until he graduated college and played all four of his years with Wake Forest.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Dallas Mavericks (often referred to as the Mavs) are an American professional basketball team based in Dallas, Texas.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Mavericks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the American Airlines Center, which it shares with the National Hockey League's Dallas Stars.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ According to a 2016 \"Forbes\" magazine report, they are the ninth most valuable basketball franchise in the NBA, valued at approximately $1.4 billion.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ As of the 2017 season, the Mavericks have sold out 704 consecutive games since December 15, 2001, the longest currently running sellout streak in North American major league sports.", "2004–05 San Antonio Spurs season __knowledge__ The 2004–05 NBA season was the Spurs' 29th season in the National Basketball Association, the 32nd in San Antonio, and 38th season as a franchise.", "2004–05 San Antonio Spurs season __knowledge__ During the offseason, the Spurs signed free agent Brent Barry.", "2004–05 San Antonio Spurs season __knowledge__ The Spurs got off to a solid start winning 16 of their first 20 games, entering the New Year with a 25–6 record.", "2004–05 San Antonio Spurs season __knowledge__ Late in the season, the team signed free agent All-Star forward Glenn Robinson.", "2004–05 San Antonio Spurs season __knowledge__ The Spurs finished first place in the Southwest Division, and second in the Western Conference with a 59–23 record.", "2004–05 San Antonio Spurs season __knowledge__ Tim Duncan and Manu Ginobili were both voted to play in the 2005 NBA All-Star Game, which was hosted in Denver.", "Tony Parker __knowledge__ William Anthony Parker Jr. (born 17 May 1982) is a French professional basketball player for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Tony Parker __knowledge__ The son of a professional basketball player, Parker played for two years in the French basketball league, before entering the 2001 NBA draft.", "Tony Parker __knowledge__ He was selected by the San Antonio Spurs with the 28th overall pick in the draft, and quickly became their starting point guard.", "Tony Parker __knowledge__ Parker has won four NBA Championships (2003, 2005, 2007, and 2014), all of which were with the Spurs.", "Tony Parker __knowledge__ With his pace and high field goal percentage, Parker has been named to six NBA All-Star games, three All-NBA Second Teams, and an All-NBA Third Team.", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ Jeremy Shu-How Lin (born August 23, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Brooklyn Nets of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ He unexpectedly led a winning turnaround with the New York Knicks in 2012, which generated a global craze known as \"Linsanity\".", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ Lin grew up in the San Francisco Bay Area and earned Northern California Player of the Year honors as a senior in high school.", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ After receiving no athletic scholarship offers, he attended Harvard University, where he was a three-time All-Conference player in the Ivy League.", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ Undrafted out of college, Lin reached a partially guaranteed contract deal in 2010 with his hometown Golden State Warriors.", "Basketball __knowledge__ Basketball is a limited-contact sport played on a rectangular court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ While most often played as a team sport with five players on each side, three-on-three, two-on-two, and one-on-one competitions are also common.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The objective is to shoot a ball through a hoop in diameter and high that is mounted to a backboard at each end of the court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The game was invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can score a field goal by shooting the ball through the basket being defended by the opposition team during regular play.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A field goal scores three points for the shooting team if the player shoots from behind the three-point line, and two points if shot from in front of the line.", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada are the highest professional competitions of team sports in those countries.", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The four leagues universally included in the definition are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ Other prominent leagues include Major League Soccer (MLS) and the Canadian Football League (CFL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The MLB, NBA, NFL and NHL are commonly referred to as the \"Big 4\".", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ Each of these is the wealthiest professional club competition in its sport worldwide, and along with the English Premier League they make up the top five sports leagues by revenue in the world.", "Boston Celtics __knowledge__ The Boston Celtics are an American professional basketball team based in Boston, Massachusetts.", "Boston Celtics __knowledge__ The Celtics compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Eastern Conference Atlantic Division.", "Boston Celtics __knowledge__ Founded in 1946 as one of the original eight NBA teams to survive the league's first decade, the team is owned by Boston Basketball Partners LLC.", "Boston Celtics __knowledge__ The Celtics play their home games at the TD Garden, which they share with the National Hockey League (NHL)'s Boston Bruins.", "Boston Celtics __knowledge__ The franchise is the most successful in NBA history, with 17 championships, which accounts for 23.9 percent of all NBA championships since the league's founding.", "Continental Basketball Association __knowledge__ The Continental Basketball Association (CBA) was a professional men's basketball minor league in the United States.", "Continental Basketball Association __knowledge__ For most of its existence the CBA was the second-tier of men's professional basketball in the United States behind the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Continental Basketball Association __knowledge__ The NBA formed a working agreement to develop players and referees in the CBA during the 1980s.", "Continental Basketball Association __knowledge__ Until the NBA formed the National Basketball Development League (now known as the NBA Gatorade League) in 2001, the CBA served as the official minor league to the NBA.", "Continental Basketball Association __knowledge__ The Continental Basketball Association was a professional basketball minor league from 1946 to 2009.", "Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ The Los Angeles Lakers are an American professional basketball team based in Los Angeles.", "Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ The Lakers compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as a member of the league's Western Conference Pacific Division.", "Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ The Lakers play their home games at Staples Center, an arena shared with the NBA's Los Angeles Clippers, the Los Angeles Sparks of the Women's National Basketball Association, and the Los Angeles Kings of the National Hockey League.", "Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ The Lakers are one of the most successful teams in the history of the NBA, and have won 16 NBA championships, their last being in 2010.", "Los Angeles Lakers __knowledge__ As of 2017, the Lakers are the second most valuable franchise in the NBA according to \"Forbes\", having an estimated value of $3.0 billion." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The National Basketball Association (NBA) is a men's professional basketball league in North America; composed of 30 teams (29 in the United States and 1 in Canada).", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ It is widely considered to be the premier men's professional basketball league in the world.", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The NBA is an active member of USA Basketball (USAB), which is recognized by FIBA (also known as the International Basketball Federation) as the national governing body for basketball in the United States.", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The NBA is one of the four major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada.", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ NBA players are the world's best paid athletes by average annual salary per player.", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The league was founded in New York City on June 6, 1946, as the Basketball Association of America (BAA).", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The league adopted the name National Basketball Association on August 3, 1949, after merging with the competing National Basketball League (NBL).", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The league's several international as well as individual team offices are directed out of its head offices located in the Olympic Tower at 645 Fifth Avenue in New York, NY.", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ NBA Entertainment and NBA TV studios are directed out of offices located in Secaucus, New Jersey.", "National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The Basketball Association of America was founded in 1946 by owners of the major ice hockey arenas in the Northeastern and Midwestern United States and Canada.", "Muggsy Bogues __knowledge__ Tyrone Curtis \"Muggsy\" Bogues (born January 9, 1965) is an American retired basketball player.", "Muggsy Bogues __knowledge__ The shortest player ever to play in the National Basketball Association, the Bogues played point guard for four teams during his 14-season career in the NBA.", "Muggsy Bogues __knowledge__ He is best known for his ten seasons with the Charlotte Hornets, and also played for the Washington Bullets, Golden State Warriors, and Toronto Raptors.", "Muggsy Bogues __knowledge__ After his NBA career, he served as head coach of the now-defunct WNBA team Charlotte Sting.", "Muggsy Bogues __knowledge__ Bogues was born in Baltimore, Maryland and grew up in the Lafayette Court housing projects.", "Muggsy Bogues __knowledge__ He was raised by his mother after his father went to prison.", "History of the Charlotte Hornets __knowledge__ The history of the National Basketball Association's Charlotte Hornets goes back to 1985, when George Shinn first thought up the idea of bringing professional basketball to Charlotte, North Carolina.", "History of the Charlotte Hornets __knowledge__ Since then, the Hornets have recorded ten playoff appearances under two different franchises.And in the year 2000 the hornets face the Portland trailblazers and win in 7 games In 1985, the NBA, then with 23 teams, was planning to expand by four teams by the 1988–89 season.", "History of the Charlotte Hornets __knowledge__ George Shinn, an entrepreneur from Kannapolis, North Carolina, wanted to bring an NBA team to the Charlotte area, and he assembled a group of prominent local businessmen to head the prospective franchise.", "Charlotte Hornets __knowledge__ The Charlotte Hornets are an American professional basketball team based in Charlotte, North Carolina.", "Charlotte Hornets __knowledge__ The Hornets compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as a member of the league's Eastern Conference Southeast Division.", "Charlotte Hornets __knowledge__ The team is largely owned by retired NBA player Michael Jordan, who acquired controlling interest in the team in 2010.", "Charlotte Hornets __knowledge__ The Hornets play their home games at the Spectrum Center in Uptown Charlotte.", "Charlotte Hornets __knowledge__ The original Hornets franchise was established in 1988 as an expansion team, owned by George Shinn.", "Charlotte Hornets __knowledge__ In 2002, Shinn's franchise relocated to New Orleans at my turtle ans Hornets.", "Aonidiella citrina __knowledge__ Aonidiella citrina or yellow scale is an armored scale insect from the family Diaspididae.", "Aonidiella citrina __knowledge__ It feeds by sucking sap from plants in a number of plant families, but is mostly known for being a pest of citrus.", "Aonidiella citrina __knowledge__ Armoured scales are so-called because they are covered by a hard, plate-like structure, the scale.", "Aonidiella citrina __knowledge__ The adult female yellow scale insect is concealed under a thin, pale circular scale through which its yellowish body colour can be seen.", "Aonidiella citrina __knowledge__ The female is legless and remains in the same location permanently, anchored to the surface.", "Aonidiella citrina __knowledge__ The male is a similar colour and has an elongate oval scale.", "Aonidiella citrina __knowledge__ The exuviae (shed nymphal skins) are located near the centre in the female scale but are near one end in the male insect.", "Bill Russell __knowledge__ William Felton Russell (born February 12, 1934) is an American retired professional basketball player.", "Bill Russell __knowledge__ Russell played center for the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1956 to 1969.", "Bill Russell __knowledge__ A five-time NBA Most Valuable Player and a twelve-time All-Star, he was the centerpiece of the Celtics dynasty, winning eleven NBA championships during his thirteen-year career.", "Bill Russell __knowledge__ Russell holds the record for the most championships won by an athlete in a North American sports league (tied with Henri Richard of the National Hockey League).", "Bill Russell __knowledge__ Before his professional career, Russell led the University of San Francisco to two consecutive NCAA championships in 1955 and 1956, and he captained the gold-medal winning U.S. national basketball team at the 1956 Summer Olympics.", "Scott Layden __knowledge__ Scott Layden (born 1959 in Brooklyn, New York) is the general manager of the Minnesota Timberwolves of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Scott Layden __knowledge__ He is the son of former coach and general manager of the Jazz, Frank Layden, and a graduate of Saint Francis University in Loretto, Pennsylvania where he studied Business and Sports Management.", "Scott Layden __knowledge__ He also held various coaching jobs for the Jazz during the 1980s and '90s when his father was the head coach for the team.", "Scott Layden __knowledge__ in 1981-82 he worked as a talent scout/assistant coach; he was promoted to assistant coach prior to the 1982 season, a position he held until 1988.", "Patrick Ewing __knowledge__ Patrick Aloysius Ewing (born August 5, 1962) is a Jamaican-American retired Hall of Fame basketball player and current head coach of the Georgetown Hoyas..", "Patrick Ewing __knowledge__ He played most of his career with the NBA's New York Knicks as their starting center and played briefly with the Seattle SuperSonics and Orlando Magic.", "Patrick Ewing __knowledge__ Ewing played center for Georgetown for four years—where he played in the NCAA Championship Game three times—and was named as the 16th greatest college player of all time by ESPN.", "Patrick Ewing __knowledge__ He won Olympic gold medals as a member of the 1984 and 1992 United States men's Olympic basketball teams.", "Patrick Ewing __knowledge__ In a 1996 poll celebrating the 50th anniversary of the NBA, Ewing was selected as one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History.", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada are the highest professional competitions of team sports in those countries.", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The four leagues universally included in the definition are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ Other prominent leagues include Major League Soccer (MLS) and the Canadian Football League (CFL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The MLB, NBA, NFL and NHL are commonly referred to as the \"Big 4\".", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ Each of these is the wealthiest professional club competition in its sport worldwide, and along with the English Premier League they make up the top five sports leagues by revenue in the world.", "Women's basketball __knowledge__ Women's basketball is one of the few women's sports that developed in tandem with its men's counterpart.", "Women's basketball __knowledge__ It became popular, spreading from the east coast of the United States to the west coast, in large part via women's colleges.", "Women's basketball __knowledge__ From 1895 until 1970, the term \"women's basketball\" was also used to refer to netball, which evolved in parallel with modern women's basketball.", "Women's basketball __knowledge__ The FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup and Women's Olympic Basketball Tournament feature top national teams from continental championships.", "Women's basketball __knowledge__ The main North American league is the WNBA (NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Championship is also popular), whereas strongest European clubs participate in the EuroLeague Women.", "Basketball __knowledge__ Basketball is a limited-contact sport played on a rectangular court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ While most often played as a team sport with five players on each side, three-on-three, two-on-two, and one-on-one competitions are also common.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The objective is to shoot a ball through a hoop in diameter and high that is mounted to a backboard at each end of the court.", "Basketball __knowledge__ The game was invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A team can score a field goal by shooting the ball through the basket being defended by the opposition team during regular play.", "Basketball __knowledge__ A field goal scores three points for the shooting team if the player shoots from behind the three-point line, and two points if shot from in front of the line.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, has been home to many teams and events in professional, semi-professional, amateur, college, and high-school sports.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Sports are a huge part of the culture of the city and the Greater Philadelphia area.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia sports fans are considered to be some of the most knowledgeable fans in sports, and are known for their extreme passion for all of their teams.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia fans are also known for their reputation of being the \"Meanest Fans in America\".", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia is one of twelve cities that hosts teams in all four major sports leagues in North America, and Philadelphia is one of just three cities in which one team from every league plays within city limits.", "Basketball in Greece __knowledge__ The sport of basketball in Greece erupted with the senior men's Greek national basketball team's win at the FIBA EuroBasket 1987 in Piraeus, which caused a general basketball euphoria in the country.", "Basketball in Greece __knowledge__ Since then, men's Greek national teams have reached constant international success, leading Greece to join Russia, Serbia, Croatia, Italy, Spain, France, and Lithuania in the circle of European basketball powers.", "Basketball in Greece __knowledge__ In addition to the national team's triumph in 1987, Greece won a gold medal at the FIBA EuroBasket 2005, silver medals at the FIBA EuroBasket 1989 and the 2006 FIBA World Championship, as well as the bronze medal at the FIBA EuroBasket 2009.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Sports in the United States are an important part of the country's culture.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Based on revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United States are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Major League Soccer is sometimes included in a \"top five\" of leagues of the country.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ All four enjoy wide-ranging domestic media coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their respective sports in the world, although only basketball, baseball, and ice hockey have substantial followings in other nations." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5 ]

[ "Watch much basketball? If you do, you must've heard of the NBA, or the National Basketball Association!", "Nice! The NBA is actually the premier professional basketball league for men in the world, to no surprise.", "Damn, he must've been pretty loaded! NBA players are the world's best paid athletes on average." ]

[ "National Basketball Association", "National Basketball Association", "National Basketball Association" ]

[ "Solar eclipse\nDid you watch the solar eclipse?", "Yes. It was amazing. We watched through welding helmets, how about you?", "Yes. Thats why we chose them. But I was still concerned whether they were enough protection or not.", "I've never heard of them. What genre what they in?", "What is progressive rock?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ A solar eclipse (as seen from the planet Earth) is a type of eclipse that occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and when the Moon fully or partially blocks (\"occults\") the Sun.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ This can happen only at new moon when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth in an alignment referred to as syzygy.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ In partial and annular eclipses, only part of the Sun is obscured.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ If the Moon were in a perfectly circular orbit, a little closer to the Earth, and in the same orbital plane, there would be total solar eclipses every new moon.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ However, since the Moon's orbit is tilted at more than 5 degrees to the Earth's orbit around the Sun, its shadow usually misses Earth.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ The Moon's orbit must cross Earth's ecliptic plane in order for an eclipse (both solar as well as lunar) to occur.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ In addition, the Moon's actual orbit is elliptical, often taking it far enough away from Earth that its apparent size is not large enough to block the Sun entirely.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ The orbital planes cross each other at a line of nodes resulting in at least two, and up to five, solar eclipses occurring each year; no more than two of which can be total eclipses.", "Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 __knowledge__ The solar eclipse of August 21, 2017, dubbed \"The Great American Eclipse\" by the media, was a total solar eclipse visible within a band across the entire contiguous United States, passing from the Pacific to the Atlantic coasts.", "Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 __knowledge__ As a partial solar eclipse, it was visible on land from Nunavut in northern Canada to as far south as northern South America.", "Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 __knowledge__ In northwestern Europe and Africa, it was partially visible in the late evening.", "Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 __knowledge__ In Asia, it was visible only at the eastern extremity, the Chukchi Peninsula.", "Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 __knowledge__ Prior to this event, no solar eclipse had been visible across the entire contiguous United States since June 8, 1918; not since the February 1979 eclipse had a total eclipse been visible from anywhere in the mainland United States.", "Eclipse __knowledge__ An eclipse is an astronomical event that occurs when an astronomical object is temporarily obscured, either by passing into the shadow of another body or by having another body pass between it and the viewer.", "Eclipse __knowledge__ This alignment of three celestial objects is known as a syzygy.", "Eclipse __knowledge__ Apart from syzygy, the term eclipse is also used when a spacecraft reaches a position where it can observe two celestial bodies so aligned.", "Eclipse __knowledge__ An eclipse is the result of either an occultation (completely hidden) or a transit (partially hidden).", "Eclipse __knowledge__ The term eclipse is most often used to describe either a solar eclipse, when the Moon's shadow crosses the Earth's surface, or a lunar eclipse, when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow.", "Allais effect __knowledge__ The Allais effect refers to the alleged anomalous behavior of pendulums or gravimeters, which is sometimes purportedly observed during a solar eclipse.", "Allais effect __knowledge__ The effect was first reported as an anomalous precession of the plane of oscillation of a Foucault pendulum during the solar eclipse of June 30, 1954 by Maurice Allais, a French polymath who went on to win the Nobel Prize in Economics.", "Allais effect __knowledge__ He reported another observation of the effect during the solar eclipse of October 2, 1959 using the paraconical pendulum he invented.", "Allais effect __knowledge__ This study earned him the 1959 Galabert Prize of the French Astronautical Society and made him a laureate of the US Gravity Research Foundation for his 1959 memoir on gravity.", "Solar eclipse of July 22, 2009 __knowledge__ A total solar eclipse occurred on July 22, 2009.", "Solar eclipse of July 22, 2009 __knowledge__ It was the longest total solar eclipse during the 21st century.", "Solar eclipse of July 22, 2009 __knowledge__ It lasted a maximum of 6 minutes and 39 seconds off the coast of Southeast Asia, causing tourist interest in eastern China, Pakistan, Japan, India, Nepal and Bangladesh.", "Solar eclipse of July 22, 2009 __knowledge__ A partial eclipse was seen within the broad path of the Moon's penumbra, including most of Southeast Asia (all of Pakistan, India and China) and north-eastern Oceania.", "Solar eclipse of July 22, 2009 __knowledge__ The total eclipse was visible from a narrow corridor through northern India, eastern Nepal, northern Bangladesh, Bhutan, the northern tip of Myanmar, central China and the Pacific Ocean, including the northern part of the Ryukyu Islands, the whole Volcano Islands except South Iwo Jima, Marshall Islands, and Kiribati.", "Solar eclipse of March 20, 2015 __knowledge__ A total solar eclipse occurred on March 20, 2015.", "Solar eclipse of March 20, 2015 __knowledge__ A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth.", "Solar eclipse of March 20, 2015 __knowledge__ A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness.", "Solar eclipse of March 20, 2015 __knowledge__ Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with a partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide.", "Solar eclipse of March 20, 2015 __knowledge__ It had a magnitude of 1.045.", "Solar eclipse of March 20, 2015 __knowledge__ The longest duration of totality was 2 minutes and 47 seconds off the coast of the Faroe Islands.", "Saros (astronomy) __knowledge__ The Saros () is a period of approximately 223 synodic months (approximately 6585.3211 days, or 18 years, 11 days, 8 hours), that can be used to predict eclipses of the Sun and Moon.", "Saros (astronomy) __knowledge__ One saros period after an eclipse, the Sun, Earth, and Moon return to approximately the same relative geometry, a near straight line, and a nearly identical eclipse will occur, in what is referred to as an eclipse cycle.", "Saros (astronomy) __knowledge__ A sar is one half of a saros.", "Saros (astronomy) __knowledge__ A series of eclipses that are separated by one saros is called a saros series.", "Saros (astronomy) __knowledge__ The earliest discovered historical record of what is known as the saros is by Chaldean (neo-Babylonian) astronomers in the last several centuries BC." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ A solar eclipse (as seen from the planet Earth) is a type of eclipse that occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and when the Moon fully or partially blocks (\"occults\") the Sun.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ This can happen only at new moon when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth in an alignment referred to as syzygy.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ In partial and annular eclipses, only part of the Sun is obscured.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ If the Moon were in a perfectly circular orbit, a little closer to the Earth, and in the same orbital plane, there would be total solar eclipses every new moon.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ However, since the Moon's orbit is tilted at more than 5 degrees to the Earth's orbit around the Sun, its shadow usually misses Earth.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ The Moon's orbit must cross Earth's ecliptic plane in order for an eclipse (both solar as well as lunar) to occur.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ In addition, the Moon's actual orbit is elliptical, often taking it far enough away from Earth that its apparent size is not large enough to block the Sun entirely.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ The orbital planes cross each other at a line of nodes resulting in at least two, and up to five, solar eclipses occurring each year; no more than two of which can be total eclipses.", "Welding helmet __knowledge__ A welding helmet is a type of headgear used when performing certain types of welding to protect the eyes, face and neck from flash burn, ultraviolet light, sparks, infrared light, and heat.", "Welding helmet __knowledge__ Welding helmets are most commonly used with arc welding processes such as shielded metal arc welding, gas tungsten arc welding, and gas metal arc welding.", "Welding helmet __knowledge__ They are necessary to prevent arc eye, a painful condition where the cornea is inflamed.", "Welding helmet __knowledge__ Welding helmets can also prevent retina burns, which can lead to a loss of vision.", "Welding helmet __knowledge__ Both conditions are caused by unprotected exposure to the highly concentrated ultraviolet and infrared rays emitted by the welding arc.", "Welding __knowledge__ Welding is a fabrication or sculptural process that joins materials, usually metals or thermoplastics, by causing fusion, which is distinct from lower temperature metal-joining techniques such as brazing and soldering, which do not melt the base metal.", "Welding __knowledge__ In addition to melting the base metal, a filler material is typically added to the joint to form a pool of molten material (the weld pool) that cools to form a joint that is usually stronger than the base material.", "Welding __knowledge__ Pressure may also be used in conjunction with heat, or by itself, to produce a weld.", "Welding __knowledge__ Welding also requires a form of shield to protect the filler metals or melted metals from being contaminated or oxidized.", "Shielded metal arc welding __knowledge__ Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), also known as manual metal arc welding (MMA or MMAW), flux shielded arc welding or informally as stick welding, is a manual arc welding process that uses a consumable electrode covered with a flux to lay the weld.", "Shielded metal arc welding __knowledge__ An electric current, in the form of either alternating current or direct current from a welding power supply, is used to form an electric arc between the electrode and the metals to be joined.", "Shielded metal arc welding __knowledge__ The workpiece and the electrode melts forming a pool of molten metal (weld pool) that cools to form a joint.", "Shielded metal arc welding __knowledge__ As the weld is laid, the flux coating of the electrode disintegrates, giving off vapors that serve as a shielding gas and providing a layer of slag, both of which protect the weld area from atmospheric contamination.", "Gas metal arc welding __knowledge__ Gas metal arc welding (GMAW), sometimes referred to by its subtypes metal inert gas (MIG) welding or metal active gas (MAG) welding, is a welding process in which an electric arc forms between a consumable wire electrode and the workpiece metal(s), which heats the workpiece metal(s), causing them to melt and join.", "Gas metal arc welding __knowledge__ Along with the wire electrode, a shielding gas feeds through the welding gun, which shields the process from contaminants in the air.", "Gas metal arc welding __knowledge__ The process can be semi-automatic or automatic.", "Gas metal arc welding __knowledge__ A constant voltage, direct current power source is most commonly used with GMAW, but constant current systems, as well as alternating current, can be used.", "Welder __knowledge__ A welder or lit operator is a tradesperson who specializes in fusing materials together.", "Welder __knowledge__ The term welder refers to the operator, the machine is referred to as the welding power supply.", "Welder __knowledge__ The materials to be joined can be metals (such as steel, aluminum, brass, stainless steel etc.)", "Welder __knowledge__ or varieties of plastic or polymer.", "Welder __knowledge__ Welders typically have to have good dexterity and attention to detail, as well as some technical knowledge about the materials being joined and best practices in the field.", "Welder __knowledge__ Welding, without the proper precautions appropriate for the process, can be a dangerous and unhealthy practice.", "Gas tungsten arc welding __knowledge__ Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), also known as tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding, is an arc welding process that uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode to produce the weld.", "Gas tungsten arc welding __knowledge__ The weld area and electrode is protected from oxidation or other atmospheric contamination by an inert shielding gas (argon or helium), and a filler metal is normally used, though some welds, known as autogenous welds, do not require it.", "Gas tungsten arc welding __knowledge__ A constant-current welding power supply produces electrical energy, which is conducted across the arc through a column of highly ionized gas and metal vapors known as a plasma.", "Gas tungsten arc welding __knowledge__ GTAW is most commonly used to weld thin sections of stainless steel and non-ferrous metals such as aluminium, magnesium, and copper alloys.", "Kemppi __knowledge__ Kemppi, is a Finnish company, founded in 1949 by Martti Kemppi.", "Kemppi __knowledge__ The company is a manufacturer of welding equipment.", "Kemppi __knowledge__ It is located in Lahti city.", "Kemppi __knowledge__ The company has subsidiaries in 13 countries, sales offices and retailers in over 70, and its turnover is more than €90 million.", "Kemppi __knowledge__ Kemppi Oy was formerly known as Veljekset Kemppi Oy and changed its name to Kemppi Oy in 1968.", "Kemppi __knowledge__ The company has production plants in Lahti region, Finland; and Chennai, India.", "Kemppi __knowledge__ Kemppi Oy designs and manufactures arc welding equipment to its customers worldwide.", "Kemppi __knowledge__ It provides MIG/MAG welding products, such as compact machines, MIG welding sets and guns, and accessories; TIG welding products, including DC and AC/DC TIG welding products, TIG torches, and accessories; MMA welding machines; welding automation products; and accessories, such as welding helmets, panels, monitoring products, remote control units, cables and connectors, hanging devices and swing arms, transport units, and consumable parts.", "Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 __knowledge__ The solar eclipse of August 21, 2017, dubbed \"The Great American Eclipse\" by the media, was a total solar eclipse visible within a band across the entire contiguous United States, passing from the Pacific to the Atlantic coasts.", "Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 __knowledge__ As a partial solar eclipse, it was visible on land from Nunavut in northern Canada to as far south as northern South America.", "Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 __knowledge__ In northwestern Europe and Africa, it was partially visible in the late evening.", "Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 __knowledge__ In Asia, it was visible only at the eastern extremity, the Chukchi Peninsula.", "Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 __knowledge__ Prior to this event, no solar eclipse had been visible across the entire contiguous United States since June 8, 1918; not since the February 1979 eclipse had a total eclipse been visible from anywhere in the mainland United States.", "Eclipse __knowledge__ An eclipse is an astronomical event that occurs when an astronomical object is temporarily obscured, either by passing into the shadow of another body or by having another body pass between it and the viewer.", "Eclipse __knowledge__ This alignment of three celestial objects is known as a syzygy.", "Eclipse __knowledge__ Apart from syzygy, the term eclipse is also used when a spacecraft reaches a position where it can observe two celestial bodies so aligned.", "Eclipse __knowledge__ An eclipse is the result of either an occultation (completely hidden) or a transit (partially hidden).", "Eclipse __knowledge__ The term eclipse is most often used to describe either a solar eclipse, when the Moon's shadow crosses the Earth's surface, or a lunar eclipse, when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow.", "Allais effect __knowledge__ The Allais effect refers to the alleged anomalous behavior of pendulums or gravimeters, which is sometimes purportedly observed during a solar eclipse.", "Allais effect __knowledge__ The effect was first reported as an anomalous precession of the plane of oscillation of a Foucault pendulum during the solar eclipse of June 30, 1954 by Maurice Allais, a French polymath who went on to win the Nobel Prize in Economics.", "Allais effect __knowledge__ He reported another observation of the effect during the solar eclipse of October 2, 1959 using the paraconical pendulum he invented.", "Allais effect __knowledge__ This study earned him the 1959 Galabert Prize of the French Astronautical Society and made him a laureate of the US Gravity Research Foundation for his 1959 memoir on gravity.", "Solar eclipse of July 22, 2009 __knowledge__ A total solar eclipse occurred on July 22, 2009.", "Solar eclipse of July 22, 2009 __knowledge__ It was the longest total solar eclipse during the 21st century.", "Solar eclipse of July 22, 2009 __knowledge__ It lasted a maximum of 6 minutes and 39 seconds off the coast of Southeast Asia, causing tourist interest in eastern China, Pakistan, Japan, India, Nepal and Bangladesh.", "Solar eclipse of July 22, 2009 __knowledge__ A partial eclipse was seen within the broad path of the Moon's penumbra, including most of Southeast Asia (all of Pakistan, India and China) and north-eastern Oceania.", "Solar eclipse of July 22, 2009 __knowledge__ The total eclipse was visible from a narrow corridor through northern India, eastern Nepal, northern Bangladesh, Bhutan, the northern tip of Myanmar, central China and the Pacific Ocean, including the northern part of the Ryukyu Islands, the whole Volcano Islands except South Iwo Jima, Marshall Islands, and Kiribati.", "Saros (astronomy) __knowledge__ The Saros () is a period of approximately 223 synodic months (approximately 6585.3211 days, or 18 years, 11 days, 8 hours), that can be used to predict eclipses of the Sun and Moon.", "Saros (astronomy) __knowledge__ One saros period after an eclipse, the Sun, Earth, and Moon return to approximately the same relative geometry, a near straight line, and a nearly identical eclipse will occur, in what is referred to as an eclipse cycle.", "Saros (astronomy) __knowledge__ A sar is one half of a saros.", "Saros (astronomy) __knowledge__ A series of eclipses that are separated by one saros is called a saros series.", "Saros (astronomy) __knowledge__ The earliest discovered historical record of what is known as the saros is by Chaldean (neo-Babylonian) astronomers in the last several centuries BC.", "List of solar eclipses in the 21st century __knowledge__ During the 21st century, there will be 224 solar eclipses of which 77 will be partial, 72 will be annular, 68 will be total and 7 will be hybrids between total and annular eclipses.", "List of solar eclipses in the 21st century __knowledge__ Of these, two annular and one total eclipse will be non-central, in the sense that the very center (axis) of the moon's shadow will miss the earth (for more information see gamma).", "List of solar eclipses in the 21st century __knowledge__ In the 21st century the greatest number of eclipses in one year is four, in 2011, 2029, 2047, 2065, 2076, and 2094.", "List of solar eclipses in the 21st century __knowledge__ The predictions given here are by Fred Espenak of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.", "List of solar eclipses in the 21st century __knowledge__ At this point, the longest duration in which the moon completely covered the sun, known as totality, was during the solar eclipse of July 22, 2009." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ A solar eclipse (as seen from the planet Earth) is a type of eclipse that occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and when the Moon fully or partially blocks (\"occults\") the Sun.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ This can happen only at new moon when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth in an alignment referred to as syzygy.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ In partial and annular eclipses, only part of the Sun is obscured.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ If the Moon were in a perfectly circular orbit, a little closer to the Earth, and in the same orbital plane, there would be total solar eclipses every new moon.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ However, since the Moon's orbit is tilted at more than 5 degrees to the Earth's orbit around the Sun, its shadow usually misses Earth.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ The Moon's orbit must cross Earth's ecliptic plane in order for an eclipse (both solar as well as lunar) to occur.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ In addition, the Moon's actual orbit is elliptical, often taking it far enough away from Earth that its apparent size is not large enough to block the Sun entirely.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ The orbital planes cross each other at a line of nodes resulting in at least two, and up to five, solar eclipses occurring each year; no more than two of which can be total eclipses.", "North Carolina-class battleship __knowledge__ The \"North Carolina\" class was a class of two fast battleships, and , built for the United States Navy in the late 1930s and early 1940s.", "North Carolina-class battleship __knowledge__ The navy was originally uncertain whether the ships should be fast enough to counter the Japanese , which was believed by the United States to be capable of , or should sacrifice speed for additional firepower and armor.", "North Carolina-class battleship __knowledge__ The Second London Naval Treaty's requirement that all capital ships have a standard displacement of under prevented the desired objectives from being fully realized within its limits, and the navy considered over fifty designs before one was chosen.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "Dakota Access Pipeline __knowledge__ The Dakota Access Pipeline (DAPL) or Bakken pipeline is a underground oil pipeline in the United States.", "Dakota Access Pipeline __knowledge__ It begins in the Bakken shale oil fields in northwest North Dakota and continues through South Dakota and Iowa to the oil tank farm near Patoka, Illinois.", "Dakota Access Pipeline __knowledge__ Together with the Energy Transfer Crude Oil Pipeline from Patoka to Nederland, Texas, it forms the Bakken system.", "Dakota Access Pipeline __knowledge__ The $3.78 billion project was announced to the public in June 2014, and informational hearings for landowners took place between August 2014 and January 2015.", "Dakota Access Pipeline __knowledge__ Dakota Access, LLC, a subsidiary of Energy Transfer Partners, L.P., started constructing the pipeline in June 2016.", "Teitiota v Chief Executive Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment __knowledge__ Teitiota v Chief Executive Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment concerned an application by a Kiribati man, Ioane Teitiota, for leave to appeal against a decision of New Zealand's Immigration and Protection Tribunal that declined to grant him refugee and/or protected person status.", "Teitiota v Chief Executive Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment __knowledge__ Teitiota's case became a cause célèbre for environmentalists and human rights activists as it made its way towards the Supreme Court.", "Teitiota v Chief Executive Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment __knowledge__ Teitiota was declined application for leave to appeal to the Supreme Court in July 2015.", "Teitiota v Chief Executive Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment __knowledge__ In September 2015 Teitiota was placed in police custody and deported back to Kiribati.", "Copyright infringement __knowledge__ Copyright infringement is the use of works protected by copyright law without permission, infringing certain exclusive rights granted to the copyright holder, such as the right to reproduce, distribute, display or perform the protected work, or to make derivative works.", "Copyright infringement __knowledge__ The copyright holder is typically the work's creator, or a publisher or other business to whom copyright has been assigned.", "Copyright infringement __knowledge__ Copyright holders routinely invoke legal and technological measures to prevent and penalize copyright infringement.", "Copyright infringement __knowledge__ Copyright infringement disputes are usually resolved through direct negotiation, a notice and take down process, or litigation in civil court.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Welding helmet __knowledge__ A welding helmet is a type of headgear used when performing certain types of welding to protect the eyes, face and neck from flash burn, ultraviolet light, sparks, infrared light, and heat.", "Welding helmet __knowledge__ Welding helmets are most commonly used with arc welding processes such as shielded metal arc welding, gas tungsten arc welding, and gas metal arc welding.", "Welding helmet __knowledge__ They are necessary to prevent arc eye, a painful condition where the cornea is inflamed.", "Welding helmet __knowledge__ Welding helmets can also prevent retina burns, which can lead to a loss of vision.", "Welding helmet __knowledge__ Both conditions are caused by unprotected exposure to the highly concentrated ultraviolet and infrared rays emitted by the welding arc.", "Welding __knowledge__ Welding is a fabrication or sculptural process that joins materials, usually metals or thermoplastics, by causing fusion, which is distinct from lower temperature metal-joining techniques such as brazing and soldering, which do not melt the base metal.", "Welding __knowledge__ In addition to melting the base metal, a filler material is typically added to the joint to form a pool of molten material (the weld pool) that cools to form a joint that is usually stronger than the base material.", "Welding __knowledge__ Pressure may also be used in conjunction with heat, or by itself, to produce a weld.", "Welding __knowledge__ Welding also requires a form of shield to protect the filler metals or melted metals from being contaminated or oxidized.", "Gas metal arc welding __knowledge__ Gas metal arc welding (GMAW), sometimes referred to by its subtypes metal inert gas (MIG) welding or metal active gas (MAG) welding, is a welding process in which an electric arc forms between a consumable wire electrode and the workpiece metal(s), which heats the workpiece metal(s), causing them to melt and join.", "Gas metal arc welding __knowledge__ Along with the wire electrode, a shielding gas feeds through the welding gun, which shields the process from contaminants in the air.", "Gas metal arc welding __knowledge__ The process can be semi-automatic or automatic.", "Gas metal arc welding __knowledge__ A constant voltage, direct current power source is most commonly used with GMAW, but constant current systems, as well as alternating current, can be used.", "Shielded metal arc welding __knowledge__ Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), also known as manual metal arc welding (MMA or MMAW), flux shielded arc welding or informally as stick welding, is a manual arc welding process that uses a consumable electrode covered with a flux to lay the weld.", "Shielded metal arc welding __knowledge__ An electric current, in the form of either alternating current or direct current from a welding power supply, is used to form an electric arc between the electrode and the metals to be joined.", "Shielded metal arc welding __knowledge__ The workpiece and the electrode melts forming a pool of molten metal (weld pool) that cools to form a joint.", "Shielded metal arc welding __knowledge__ As the weld is laid, the flux coating of the electrode disintegrates, giving off vapors that serve as a shielding gas and providing a layer of slag, both of which protect the weld area from atmospheric contamination.", "Laser beam welding __knowledge__ Laser beam welding (LBW) is a welding technique used to join multiple pieces of metal through the use of a laser.", "Laser beam welding __knowledge__ The beam provides a concentrated heat source, allowing for narrow, deep welds and high welding rates.", "Laser beam welding __knowledge__ The process is frequently used in high volume applications using automation, such as in the automotive industry.", "Laser beam welding __knowledge__ It is based on keyhole or penetration mode welding.", "Laser beam welding __knowledge__ Like electron beam welding (EBW), laser beam welding has high power density (on the order of 1 MW/cm) resulting in small heat-affected zones and high heating and cooling rates.", "Laser beam welding __knowledge__ The spot size of the laser can vary between 0.2 mm and 13 mm, though only smaller sizes are used for welding.", "Sunburn __knowledge__ Sunburn is a form of radiation burn that affects living tissue, such as skin, that results from an overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, commonly from the sun.", "Sunburn __knowledge__ Common symptoms in humans and other animals include red or reddish skin that is hot to the touch, pain, general fatigue, and mild dizziness.", "Sunburn __knowledge__ An excess of UV radiation can be life-threatening in extreme cases.", "Sunburn __knowledge__ Exposure of the skin to lesser amounts of UV radiation will often produce a suntan.", "Sunburn __knowledge__ Excessive UV radiation is the leading cause of primarily non-malignant skin tumors.", "Sunburn __knowledge__ Sunscreen is widely agreed to prevent sunburn and some types of skin cancer.", "Welder __knowledge__ A welder or lit operator is a tradesperson who specializes in fusing materials together.", "Welder __knowledge__ The term welder refers to the operator, the machine is referred to as the welding power supply.", "Welder __knowledge__ The materials to be joined can be metals (such as steel, aluminum, brass, stainless steel etc.)", "Welder __knowledge__ or varieties of plastic or polymer.", "Welder __knowledge__ Welders typically have to have good dexterity and attention to detail, as well as some technical knowledge about the materials being joined and best practices in the field.", "Welder __knowledge__ Welding, without the proper precautions appropriate for the process, can be a dangerous and unhealthy practice." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ A solar eclipse (as seen from the planet Earth) is a type of eclipse that occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and when the Moon fully or partially blocks (\"occults\") the Sun.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ This can happen only at new moon when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth in an alignment referred to as syzygy.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ In partial and annular eclipses, only part of the Sun is obscured.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ If the Moon were in a perfectly circular orbit, a little closer to the Earth, and in the same orbital plane, there would be total solar eclipses every new moon.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ However, since the Moon's orbit is tilted at more than 5 degrees to the Earth's orbit around the Sun, its shadow usually misses Earth.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ The Moon's orbit must cross Earth's ecliptic plane in order for an eclipse (both solar as well as lunar) to occur.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ In addition, the Moon's actual orbit is elliptical, often taking it far enough away from Earth that its apparent size is not large enough to block the Sun entirely.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ The orbital planes cross each other at a line of nodes resulting in at least two, and up to five, solar eclipses occurring each year; no more than two of which can be total eclipses.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ \"This Is It\" is a song co-written by American pop star and musician Michael Jackson and Canadian singer-songwriter Paul Anka.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ The song was recorded by the former and featured as a track on the album, \"This Is It\" (2009), which accompanies the 2009 concert documentary \"Michael Jackson's This Is It\".", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ It was premiered worldwide on Jackson's official website on October 12, 2009 four months after his death on June 25, 2009.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ Although Sony Music Entertainment referred to the song as a \"new single\" during its promotion, it was later confirmed that the song would only be sent for airplay, and not be available to buy as a single release.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ The fate of the unlearned, also known as the destiny of the unevangelized, is an eschatological question about the ultimate destiny of people who have not been exposed to a particular theology or doctrine and thus have no opportunity to embrace it.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ The question is whether those who never hear of requirements issued through divine revelations will be punished for failure to abide by those requirements.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ It is sometimes addressed in combination with the similar question of the fate of the unbeliever.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ Differing faith traditions have different responses to the question; in Christianity the fate of the unlearned is related to the question of original sin.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is seen by many as 'America's classical music'.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Since the 1920s Jazz Age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression.", "Jazz __knowledge__ It then emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African-American and European-American musical parentage with a performance orientation.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ Argentine rock (locally Rock nacional) is rock music composed or performed by Argentine bands or artists mostly in Spanish.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ \"Argentine rock\" began recycling hits of English-language rock & roll.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ However a rising trend of composing new songs mostly in Spanish can be traced at late 1960s, when several garage groups and aspiring musicians began composing songs and lyrics that related to local social and musical themes.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ Since then, Argentine rock started a continued and uninterrupted evolution through the 1970s and into the 1980s, being widely considered one of the most prolific and successful forms of Rock en Español, and one of the most important non-English language forms of rock music in the world.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Rockabilly __knowledge__ Rockabilly is one of the earliest styles of rock and roll music, dating back to the early 1950s in the United States, especially the South.", "Rockabilly __knowledge__ As a genre it blends the sound of Western musical styles such as country with that of rhythm and blues, leading to what is considered \"classic\" rock and roll.", "Rockabilly __knowledge__ Some have also described it as a blend of bluegrass with rock and roll.", "Rockabilly __knowledge__ The term \"rockabilly\" itself is a portmanteau of \"rock\" (from \"rock 'n' roll\") and \"hillbilly\", the latter a reference to the country music (often called \"hillbilly music\" in the 1940s and 1950s) that contributed strongly to the style.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ A sea shanty, chantey, or chanty is a type of work song that was once commonly sung to accompany labor on board large merchant sailing vessels.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ The term \"shanty\" most accurately refers to a specific style of work song belonging to this historical repertoire.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ However, in recent, popular usage, the scope of its definition is sometimes expanded to admit a wider range of repertoire and characteristics, or to refer to a \"maritime work song\" in general.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ Of uncertain etymological origin, the word \"shanty\" emerged in the mid-19th century in reference to an appreciably distinct genre of work song, developed especially in American-style merchant vessels that had come to prominence in decades prior to the American Civil War.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Richard Christopher \"Rick\" Wakeman (born 18 May 1949) is an English keyboardist, songwriter, television and radio presenter, and author.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the progressive rock band Yes across five tenures between 1971 and 2004 and for his solo albums released in the 1970s.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is a current member of Yes Featuring Jon Anderson, Trevor Rabin and Rick Wakeman.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Born and raised in West London, Wakeman intended to be a concert pianist but quit his studies at the Royal College of Music in 1969 to become a full-time session musician.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ His early sessions included playing on \"Space Oddity\", among others, for David Bowie and songs by Junior's Eyes, T. Rex, Elton John, and Cat Stevens.", "Relayer __knowledge__ Relayer is the seventh studio album from the English rock band Yes, released in November 1974 by Atlantic Records.", "Relayer __knowledge__ After keyboardist Rick Wakeman left the group in May 1974 over disagreements with the band's direction, Yes entered rehearsals as four-piece at bassist Chris Squire's home in Virginia Water, Surrey.", "Relayer __knowledge__ During this period, they found their new keyboardist in Swiss musician Patrick Moraz who incorporates elements of funk and jazz-fusion on the album.", "Relayer __knowledge__ \"Relayer\" is formed of three tracks, with \"The Gates of Delirium\" on side one and \"Sound Chaser\" and \"To Be Over\" on side two.", "Relayer __knowledge__ \"Relayer\" received a mixed to positive reception from contemporary and retrospective critics.", "Women in punk rock __knowledge__ Women have made significant contributions to punk rock music and its subculture since its inception in the 1970s.", "Women in punk rock __knowledge__ In contrast to the rock music and heavy metal scenes of the 1970s, which were dominated by men, the anarchic, counter-cultural mindset of the punk scene in mid-and-late 1970s encouraged women to participate.", "Women in punk rock __knowledge__ This participation played a role in the historical development of punk music, especially in the U.S. and U.K. at that time, and continues to influence and enable future generations.", "Women in punk rock __knowledge__ Women have participated in the punk scene as lead singers, instrumentalists, as all-female bands, zine contributors and fashion designers.", "Jon Anderson __knowledge__ John Roy Anderson (born 25 October 1944), known professionally as Jon Anderson, is a British-American singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist best known as the former lead singer of the progressive rock band Yes, which he co-founded in 1968 with bassist Chris Squire.", "Jon Anderson __knowledge__ He was a member of the band across three tenures between 1968 and 2008.", "Jon Anderson __knowledge__ Anderson is also noted for his solo career and collaborations with other artists, including Vangelis as Jon and Vangelis, Roine Stolt as Anderson/Stolt, and Jean-Luc Ponty as AndersonPonty Band.", "Jon Anderson __knowledge__ He has also appeared on albums by King Crimson, Tangerine Dream, and Iron Butterfly.", "Asia (band) __knowledge__ Asia are an English progressive rock band formed in London in 1981.", "Asia (band) __knowledge__ The most commercially successful line-up was its original, which was a supergroup of four members of different progressive rock bands of the 1970s, including lead vocalist and bassist John Wetton of King Crimson, guitarist Steve Howe of Yes, keyboardist Geoff Downes of Yes and the Buggles, and drummer Carl Palmer of Emerson, Lake & Palmer.", "Asia (band) __knowledge__ Their debut album, \"Asia\", released in 1982, remains their best selling album and went to number one in several countries.", "Asia (band) __knowledge__ The band underwent multiple lineup changes before the original four members reunited in 2006.", "Bill Bruford __knowledge__ William Scott Bruford (born 17 May 1949) is an English retired drummer, percussionist, songwriter, producer, and record label owner who first gained prominence as the original drummer of the rock band Yes, from 1968 to 1972.", "Bill Bruford __knowledge__ After his departure from Yes, Bruford spent the rest of the 1970s playing in King Crimson, touring with Genesis and U.K., and eventually forming his own group, Bruford.", "Bill Bruford __knowledge__ In the 1980s, Bruford returned to King Crimson for three years, collaborated with several artists including The Roches, Patrick Moraz, and David Torn, and formed his jazz band Earthworks in 1986.", "Bill Bruford __knowledge__ He then played in Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe which led to his return to Yes, lasting until 1992." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ A solar eclipse (as seen from the planet Earth) is a type of eclipse that occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and when the Moon fully or partially blocks (\"occults\") the Sun.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ This can happen only at new moon when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth in an alignment referred to as syzygy.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ In partial and annular eclipses, only part of the Sun is obscured.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ If the Moon were in a perfectly circular orbit, a little closer to the Earth, and in the same orbital plane, there would be total solar eclipses every new moon.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ However, since the Moon's orbit is tilted at more than 5 degrees to the Earth's orbit around the Sun, its shadow usually misses Earth.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ The Moon's orbit must cross Earth's ecliptic plane in order for an eclipse (both solar as well as lunar) to occur.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ In addition, the Moon's actual orbit is elliptical, often taking it far enough away from Earth that its apparent size is not large enough to block the Sun entirely.", "Solar eclipse __knowledge__ The orbital planes cross each other at a line of nodes resulting in at least two, and up to five, solar eclipses occurring each year; no more than two of which can be total eclipses.", "Progressive rock __knowledge__ Progressive rock (shortened as prog; sometimes called art rock, classical rock or symphonic rock) is a broad subgenre of rock music that developed in the United Kingdom and United States throughout the mid to late 1960s.", "Progressive rock __knowledge__ Initially termed \"progressive pop\", the style was an outgrowth of psychedelic bands who abandoned standard pop traditions in favour of instrumentation and compositional techniques more frequently associated with jazz, folk, or classical music.", "Progressive rock __knowledge__ Additional elements contributed to its \"progressive\" label: lyrics were more poetic, technology was harnessed for new sounds, music approached the condition of \"art\" and the studio, rather than the stage, became the focus of musical activity, which often involved creating music for listening, not dancing.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Serbian rock is the rock music scene of Serbia.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ During the 1960s, 1970s and the 1980s, while Serbia was a constituent republic of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Serbian rock scene was a part of the SFR Yugoslav rock scene.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was not an Eastern Bloc country, but a member of the Non-Aligned Movement and as such, it was far more opened to the Western culture comparing to the other socialist countries.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll reached Yugoslavia via foreign radio stations, most notably Radio Luxemburg, and rock and roll records, brought in from the West.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll influences reached schlager singers, most notably Đorđe Marjanović, who released the first popular music solo album in Serbia, in 1959.", "Characteristics of progressive rock __knowledge__ Progressive rock is subgenre of rock music that developed in the United Kingdom and United States throughout the mid to late 1960s.", "Characteristics of progressive rock __knowledge__ Progressive rock, which initially had classical music influences, has come to include other fusions of music styles including jazz fusion, metal and folk rock musics.", "Characteristics of progressive rock __knowledge__ Progressive rock is an approach that combines elements of diverse styles.", "Characteristics of progressive rock __knowledge__ Jerry Ewing, editor of \"Prog Magazine\", explains that \"Prog is not just a sound, it's a mindset.\"", "Characteristics of progressive rock __knowledge__ Dream Theater guitarist John Petrucci outlines that Progressive rock is defined by its very lack of stylistic boundaries.", "Characteristics of progressive rock __knowledge__ The advent of the concept album, plus the genre's roots in psychedelia, led albums and performances to be viewed as combined presentations of music, lyrics, and visuals.", "Progressive music __knowledge__ Progressive music is music that subverts genre and results in the expansion of stylistic boundaries.", "Progressive music __knowledge__ Music that is deemed \"progressive\" usually synthesizes influences from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African.", "Progressive music __knowledge__ The word comes from the basic concept of \"progress\", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed for numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock.", "Progressive music __knowledge__ As an art theory, the progressive approach falls between formalism and eclecticism.", "Progressive rock (radio format) __knowledge__ Progressive rock is a radio station programming format that emerged in the late 1960s, in which disc jockeys are given wide latitude in what they may play, similar to the freeform format but with the proviso that some kind of rock music is almost always played.", "Progressive rock (radio format) __knowledge__ It enjoyed the height of its popularity in the late 1960s and 1970s.", "Progressive rock (radio format) __knowledge__ The name for the format began being used circa 1968, when serious disc jockeys were playing \"progressive 'music for the head'\" and discussing social issues in between records.", "Progressive rock (radio format) __knowledge__ During the late 1960s, as Long playing records began to supplant the single in popularity with rock audiences, progressive rock stations placed more emphasis on album tracks than their AM counterparts.<ref name=\"Prog.", "Post-progressive __knowledge__ Post-progressive is a type of rock music distinguished from vintage progressive rock styles, specifically 1970s prog.", "Post-progressive __knowledge__ Post-progressive draws upon newer developments in popular music and the avant-garde since the mid 1970s.", "Post-progressive __knowledge__ It especially draws from ethnic musics and minimalism, elements which were new to rock music.", "Post-progressive __knowledge__ It is different from neo-progressive rock in that neo-prog pastiches 1970s prog, while \"post-progressive\" identifies progressive rock music that stems from sources other than prog.", "Post-progressive __knowledge__ In the opinion of King Crimson's Robert Fripp, progressive music was an attitude, not a style.", "Post-progressive __knowledge__ He believed that genuinely \"progressive\" music pushes stylistic and conceptual boundaries outwards through the appropriation of procedures from classical music or jazz, and that once \"progressive rock\" ceased to cover new ground – becoming a set of conventions to be repeated and imitated – the genre's premise had ceased to be \"progressive\".", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.", "Rock music __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ Argentine rock (locally Rock nacional) is rock music composed or performed by Argentine bands or artists mostly in Spanish.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ \"Argentine rock\" began recycling hits of English-language rock & roll.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ However a rising trend of composing new songs mostly in Spanish can be traced at late 1960s, when several garage groups and aspiring musicians began composing songs and lyrics that related to local social and musical themes.", "Argentine rock __knowledge__ Since then, Argentine rock started a continued and uninterrupted evolution through the 1970s and into the 1980s, being widely considered one of the most prolific and successful forms of Rock en Español, and one of the most important non-English language forms of rock music in the world.", "Music of Brazil __knowledge__ The music of Brazil encompasses various regional musical styles influenced by African, European and Amerindian forms.", "Music of Brazil __knowledge__ Brazilian music developed some unique and original styles such as sertanejo, samba, bossa nova, MPB, música nativista, pagode, tropicália, choro, maracatu, embolada (coco de repente), funk carioca, frevo, brega, modinha and Brazilian versions of foreign musical styles, such as rock, soul, hip-hop, disco music, country music, ambient, industrial and psychedelic music, rap, classical music, fado, and gospel.", "Music of Brazil __knowledge__ Samba has become the best known form of Brazilian music worldwide, especially because of the country's carnival, although bossa nova, which had Antônio Carlos Jobim as one of its most acclaimed composers and performers, have received much attention abroad since the 1950s, when the song \"Desafinado\", interpreted by João Gilberto, was first released.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments." ] ]

[ 10, 13, 27, 41, 10 ]

[ "I did in fact see the August 21st solar eclipse last year! Did you?", "That's an interesting way to view it! Were you aware that welding helmets can also prevent retina burns?", "They might have been! Yes was an English band formed in 1968!", "They were mainly progressive rock, but have had many musical styles over the years!", "Progressive rock started out with psychedelic bands and explored new sounds in rock music!" ]

[ "Solar eclipse", "Solar eclipse", "Solar eclipse", "Solar eclipse", "Solar eclipse" ]

[ "Isaiah Rashad", "No but I like hip hop tell me more about him please?", "Has he had any sucess?", "That is pretty good is he still making music?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Isaiah Rashad McClain (born May 16, 1991), is an American hip hop recording artist and record producer from Chattanooga, Tennessee.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Rashad began taking rapping seriously in tenth grade, where he and his friends would record on laptops.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ He spent the next few years recording at local recording studios.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ His first big break would be touring with rappers Juicy J, Joey Badass and Smoke DZA among others, on the 2012 Smoker's Club Tour.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ He is also a founding member of the Chattanooga hip hop collective The House along with fellow Chattanooga rapper TUT and a member of the Chicago hip hop collective The Village along with artist Kembe X, Alex Wiley and more.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ In March 2013, Rashad signed to Carson, California-based independent record label Top Dawg Entertainment.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ On January 28, 2014, he released \"Cilvia Demo\", his first extended play, via digital distribution.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ \"Cilvia Demo\" was met with widespread acclaim from music critics and debuted at number 40 on the US \"Billboard\" 200.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Off the buzz from the release of the EP, Rashad was named to the 2014 \"XXL\" freshman class.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ On September 2, 2016, he released his debut studio album, \"The Sun's Tirade\", to widespread critical acclaim.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ The album peaked at number 17 on the \"Billboard\" 200." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Isaiah Rashad McClain (born May 16, 1991), is an American hip hop recording artist and record producer from Chattanooga, Tennessee.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Rashad began taking rapping seriously in tenth grade, where he and his friends would record on laptops.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ He spent the next few years recording at local recording studios.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ His first big break would be touring with rappers Juicy J, Joey Badass and Smoke DZA among others, on the 2012 Smoker's Club Tour.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ He is also a founding member of the Chattanooga hip hop collective The House along with fellow Chattanooga rapper TUT and a member of the Chicago hip hop collective The Village along with artist Kembe X, Alex Wiley and more.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ In March 2013, Rashad signed to Carson, California-based independent record label Top Dawg Entertainment.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ On January 28, 2014, he released \"Cilvia Demo\", his first extended play, via digital distribution.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ \"Cilvia Demo\" was met with widespread acclaim from music critics and debuted at number 40 on the US \"Billboard\" 200.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Off the buzz from the release of the EP, Rashad was named to the 2014 \"XXL\" freshman class.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ On September 2, 2016, he released his debut studio album, \"The Sun's Tirade\", to widespread critical acclaim.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ The album peaked at number 17 on the \"Billboard\" 200.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ European hip hop is hip hop music created by European musicians.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop is a style of music developed by African American and Caribbean communities in the United States during the mid-1970s, and became a large part of modern pop culture during the 1980s.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Due to this success, it has gained worldwide popularity, especially in Europe where many diverse and unique styles of hip hop have been created.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ This diversity is especially apparent in the forms of hip hop music and culture emanating from settler communities from Europe's former colonies and peripheries.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ In Denmark, Hip Hop rap music has been growing steadily more popular over the last fifteen years and began with Danish language acts such as MC Einar and Rockers by Choice, later on: less knowned Rip Rap & Rock, Flopstarz, Humleridderne and Faktaposen, The Danish way of doing rap music was topped in the 80's towards acceptance among the common people who did not listen to any rap music was with a rap song called: \"Rap Nu\" by the famed and beloved old Danish football commentator: Gunnar \"Nu\" Hansen.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ The Neptunes are a two-member producing group consisting of Pharrell Williams and Chad Hugo.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ This discography lists the recorded performances as a duo and individuals.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ It also lists the writing and production credits as The Neptunes, as Williams or Hugo, or both.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ Song names that are bold are singles, album names/releases are in \"italics\".", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ S.B.I.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ (Surrounded By Idiots) – \"S.B.I.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ (Surrounded By Idiots) (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" (With Larry Live, DJ Timmy Tim aka \"Timbaland\", Mr. Magoo & Magnum The Verb Lord aka \"Pharrell Williams\", All Tracks Produced By DJ Timmy Tim aka \"Timbaland\") Wreckx N' Effect – \"Hard Or Smooth (November 24th, US #9)\" (All Tracks Produced By Teddy Riley, Written By Pharrell Williams) BLACKstreet – \"BLACKstreet (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" (Produced By Teddy Riley) SWV – \"Right Here (VLS) (July 10th, US #29)\" (All Tracks Produced By Teddy Riley) The Legacy – \"Technobodies (Unreleased)\" (All Tracks Produced By DJ Chase Chad aka Chad Hugo) The Party – \"All About Love (Promo CDS)\" (Produced By Demetrius Ship) BLACKstreet – \"Blackstreet (June 21st, US #7)\" Wreckx N' Effect – \"NBA Jam Session\" (Produced By Teddy Riley, Written By Pharrell Williams) Average Guyz – \"First Come, First Serve (Unreleased)\" (Produced By Chad Hugo) * * Mystikal – \"Mind Of Mystikal (October 15th)\" (Produced By Pharrell Williams & Leroy 'Precise' Edwards) SWV – \"The New Beginning (April 23)\" \"Use Your Heart (CDS) (July 28th, #6)\" Total – \"Total (January 13, US #23)\" (Samples Bee Gee's – Love You Inside Out) Jay-Z – \"In My Lifetime Vol.", "French hip hop __knowledge__ French hip hop is the hip hop music style which was developed in French-speaking countries.", "French hip hop __knowledge__ By 1982 and 1983, a number of hip hop radio shows had appeared on Paris radio, including \"Rapper Dapper Snapper\" (hosted by Sidney Duteil) and \"Funk à Billy\" (hosted by DJ Dee Nasty).", "French hip hop __knowledge__ And, in November 1982, the first major international hip hop concert tour, the New York City Rap Tour, traveled around France and to London, England featuring Afrika Bambaataa, Grandmixer DST, Fab 5 Freddy, Mr Freeze and the Rock Steady Crew.", "French hip hop __knowledge__ The first major star of French hip hop was MC Solaar, born Claude M'Barali in Dakar, Senegal.", "Kwaito __knowledge__ Kwaito is a music genre that emerged in Johannesburg, South Africa, during the 1990s.", "Kwaito __knowledge__ It is a variant of house music featuring the use of African sounds and samples.", "Kwaito __knowledge__ Typically at a slower tempo range than other styles of house music, Kwaito often contains catchy melodic and percussive loop samples, deep bass lines, and vocals.", "Kwaito __knowledge__ Despite its similarities to hip hop music, Kwaito has a distinctive manner in which the lyrics are sung, rapped and shouted.", "Kwaito __knowledge__ American producer Diplo has described Kwaito as \"slowed-down garage music,\" most popular among the black youth of South Africa.", "Kwaito __knowledge__ The word \"kwaito\" is an Isicamtho term from the Gauteng townships and encompasses styles that range from guz, d'gong, and isgubhu to swaito.", "Hip-hop dance __knowledge__ Hip-hop dance refers to street dance styles primarily performed to hip-hop music or that have evolved as part of hip-hop culture.", "Hip-hop dance __knowledge__ It includes a wide range of styles primarily breaking which was created in the 1970s and made popular by dance crews in the United States.", "Hip-hop dance __knowledge__ The television show \"Soul Train\" and the 1980s films \"Breakin'\", \"Beat Street\", and \"Wild Style\" showcased these crews and dance styles in their early stages; therefore, giving hip-hop mainstream exposure.", "Hip-hop dance __knowledge__ The dance industry responded with a commercial, studio-based version of hip-hop—sometimes called \"new style\"—and a hip-hop influenced style of jazz dance called \"jazz-funk\".", "Top Dawg Entertainment __knowledge__ Top Dawg Entertainment (TDE) is an American record label founded in 2004, by CEO Anthony \"Top Dawg\" Tiffith.", "Top Dawg Entertainment __knowledge__ Dave Free and Punch are both presidents of the TDE.", "Top Dawg Entertainment __knowledge__ There are currently eight artists signed to the label: Isaiah Rashad, SZA, Lance Skiiiwalker, and SiR, as well as the flagship artists, Black Hippy members Kendrick Lamar, Jay Rock, ScHoolboy Q and Ab-Soul.", "Top Dawg Entertainment __knowledge__ The label also houses a production division that includes Digi+Phonics, THC, King Blue and Derek \"MixedByAli\" Ali.", "Top Dawg Entertainment __knowledge__ In 1997, Anthony Tiffith began as a record producer, who had produced for rappers such as The Game and Juvenile, among others.", "Cilvia Demo __knowledge__ Cilvia Demo (also referred to as Cilvia) is the debut extended play (EP) by American hip hop recording artist Isaiah Rashad.", "Cilvia Demo __knowledge__ It was released on January 28, 2014, by Top Dawg Entertainment.", "Cilvia Demo __knowledge__ The EP features guest appearances from Jean Deaux and Michael Da Vinci, as well as his Top Dawg label-mates SZA, Schoolboy Q and Jay Rock.", "Cilvia Demo __knowledge__ The EP's production was handled by several record producers, namely Ross Vega, Mr. Carmack, Joseph L'Étranger, Black Metaphor, The Antydote, Farhot, Chris Calor, D. Sanders and a member of the Digi+Phonics Sounwave.", "Cilvia Demo __knowledge__ \"Cilvia Demo\" received universal acclaim from music critics.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop music has been popular in Africa since the early 1980s due to widespread American influence.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ In 1985 hip hop reached Senegal, a French-speaking country in West Africa.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Some of the first Senegalese rappers were M.C.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Lida, M.C.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Solaar, and Positive Black Soul, who mixed rap with \"Mbalax\", a type of West African pop music.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ An early South African group was Black Noise.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ They began as a graffiti and breakdance crew in Cape Town until they started emceeing in 1989.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ There also have been groups in Tanzania and other countries that emceed before 1989,that knows as Kwanza Unit although it is not very well known.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ Japanese hip hop (also known as J-rap, J-hip hop or J-hop) is said to have begun when Hiroshi Fujiwara returned to Japan and started playing hip hop records in the early 1980s.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ Japanese hip hop generally tends to be most directly influenced by old school hip hop, taking from the era's catchy beats, dance culture, and overall fun and carefree nature and incorporating it into their music.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ As a result, hip hop stands as one of the most commercially viable mainstream music genres in Japan, and the line between it and pop music is frequently blurred.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ Although rather informal and small scale, the early days of Japanese hip-hop provide the history for the emergence of the cultural movement." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Isaiah Rashad McClain (born May 16, 1991), is an American hip hop recording artist and record producer from Chattanooga, Tennessee.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Rashad began taking rapping seriously in tenth grade, where he and his friends would record on laptops.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ He spent the next few years recording at local recording studios.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ His first big break would be touring with rappers Juicy J, Joey Badass and Smoke DZA among others, on the 2012 Smoker's Club Tour.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ He is also a founding member of the Chattanooga hip hop collective The House along with fellow Chattanooga rapper TUT and a member of the Chicago hip hop collective The Village along with artist Kembe X, Alex Wiley and more.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ In March 2013, Rashad signed to Carson, California-based independent record label Top Dawg Entertainment.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ On January 28, 2014, he released \"Cilvia Demo\", his first extended play, via digital distribution.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ \"Cilvia Demo\" was met with widespread acclaim from music critics and debuted at number 40 on the US \"Billboard\" 200.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Off the buzz from the release of the EP, Rashad was named to the 2014 \"XXL\" freshman class.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ On September 2, 2016, he released his debut studio album, \"The Sun's Tirade\", to widespread critical acclaim.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ The album peaked at number 17 on the \"Billboard\" 200.", "Romano-Celtic temple __knowledge__ A Romano-Celtic temple (more specifically a Romano-British temple in Great Britain, or Gallo-Roman temple in the Continental region formerly comprising Gaul) is a sub-class of Roman temple found in the north-western provinces of the Roman Empire.", "Romano-Celtic temple __knowledge__ Many may have had roots in the later Iron Age either in direct relation to pre-Roman structures or on sites with pre-Roman activity.", "Romano-Celtic temple __knowledge__ Each temple normally consisted of a box-like \"cella\", of variable height, surrounded by an ambulatory or veranda built from stone, wood or both.", "Romano-Celtic temple __knowledge__ This floor-plan is typically square or rectangular, but triangular, circular and polygonal layouts are also known.", "Deportivo Riestra __knowledge__ Deportivo Riestra Asociación de Fomento Barrio Colón, also known as Deportivo Riestra, is a sports and social club from Buenos Aires, Argentina.", "Deportivo Riestra __knowledge__ Its headquarters are located in the Nueva Pompeya neighbourhood, and also owns the Guillermo Laza stadium in the Villa Soldati neighbourhood, with a capacity of 3,000.", "Deportivo Riestra __knowledge__ The senior male football squad currently plays in Primera B Nacional, second division of the Argentine football league system, while its male futsal team plays in Primera D, the fourth tier division.", "Deportivo Riestra __knowledge__ Besides sporting activity, Deportivo Riestra is venue to social and cultural activities and is a member of the Metropolitan Chess Federation.", "Petersburg, Missouri __knowledge__ Petersburg is an unincorporated community in Henry County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.", "Petersburg, Missouri __knowledge__ Variant names were \"Carrsville\" and \"Petersburgh\".", "Petersburg, Missouri __knowledge__ Petersburg was originally called Carrsville, and under the latter name was founded in the 1870s, taking its name from Carrsville Mill.", "Petersburg, Missouri __knowledge__ A post office called Carrsville was established in 1872, the name was changed to Petersburgh in 1881, and the post office closed in 1902.", "Petersburg, Missouri __knowledge__ The present name honors Peter Lane, a local merchant.", "University of Queensland Gatton Campus __knowledge__ University of Queensland Gatton Campus is a heritage-listed university campus of the University of Queensland at Warrego Highway, Lawes, Gatton, Lockyer Valley Region, Queensland, Australia.", "University of Queensland Gatton Campus __knowledge__ It was built from 1897 to 1960s.", "University of Queensland Gatton Campus __knowledge__ It is also known as the Queensland Agricultural College, the Foundation Precinct Gatton College and Lawes Campus.", "University of Queensland Gatton Campus __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 6 January 2004.", "University of Queensland Gatton Campus __knowledge__ The University of Queensland Gatton Campus was established in 1897 at Gatton as the Queensland Agricultural College.", "University of Queensland Gatton Campus __knowledge__ The College initially operated as a tertiary agricultural institution offering a basic practical and theoretical agricultural education for young men and short courses for farmers on specific topics, but from its inception, there was also an expectation that the College would be involved in agricultural research and experimentation.", "Denise Ho __knowledge__ Denise Ho Wan-see, also known as HOCC (born 10 May 1977), is a Hong Kong-based Cantopop singer and actor, as well as a pro-democracy and LGBT rights activist.", "Denise Ho __knowledge__ Denise Ho was born 10 May 1977 in Hong Kong, to two parents who were both teachers.", "Denise Ho __knowledge__ There, she began her primary school education, at the Diocesan Girls' Junior School.", "Denise Ho __knowledge__ At age 11, in 1988, she moved with her parents from Hong Kong to Montreal, Canada.", "Denise Ho __knowledge__ Ho first attended Jean-de-la-Mennais College, an elementary and middle in La Prairie, on the \"Rive-Sud\" (the suburban South Shore of Montreal), then attended Jean-de-Brébeuf College, a Catholic college preparatory secondary school and private college.", "Game (2011 film) __knowledge__ Game () is a 2011 Indian Hindi-language action thriller film directed by Abhinay Deo and produced by Farhan Akhtar and Ritesh Sidhwani of Excel Entertainment.", "Game (2011 film) __knowledge__ It stars Abhishek Bachchan, Kangana Ranaut, Anupam Kher, Sarah-Jane Dias, Shahana Goswami, Boman Irani, Gauahar Khan and Jimmy Shergill among others.", "Game (2011 film) __knowledge__ The film is a stylish action thriller and is shot at locations in Mumbai, Samos, Greece, Istanbul, London and Bangkok.", "Game (2011 film) __knowledge__ It is said to be in the same type of genre as \"The Bourne Identity\" trilogy.", "Game (2011 film) __knowledge__ It is similar to Agatha Christie's \"And Then There Were None\".", "Game (2011 film) __knowledge__ The theatrical trailer was premièred in theatres with Anees Bazmee's \"No Problem\" on 10 December 2010.", "Ryan Paris __knowledge__ Ryan Paris, born Fabio Roscioli (March 12, 1953) is an Italian musician and actor who gained international popularity in 1983 for the worldwide hit single \"Dolce Vita\", written and produced by Pierluigi Giombini.", "Ryan Paris __knowledge__ \"Dolce Vita\" was released in the United Kingdom on the Carrere Records label, distributed by RCA and spent ten weeks in the UK Singles Chart, peaking at Number 5.", "Ryan Paris __knowledge__ Paris continued to release records in the mid-1980s and 1990s.", "Ryan Paris __knowledge__ In 2010, he made a comeback with a new song, \"I Wanna Love You Once Again\", which he wrote and composed.", "Ryan Paris __knowledge__ The song became popular with 1980s music fans.", "Ryan Paris __knowledge__ At the end of that year, Paris co-produced a remix of \"Dolce Vita\" which peaked at number 54 in the official French club chart.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ European hip hop is hip hop music created by European musicians.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop is a style of music developed by African American and Caribbean communities in the United States during the mid-1970s, and became a large part of modern pop culture during the 1980s.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Due to this success, it has gained worldwide popularity, especially in Europe where many diverse and unique styles of hip hop have been created.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ This diversity is especially apparent in the forms of hip hop music and culture emanating from settler communities from Europe's former colonies and peripheries.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ In Denmark, Hip Hop rap music has been growing steadily more popular over the last fifteen years and began with Danish language acts such as MC Einar and Rockers by Choice, later on: less knowned Rip Rap & Rock, Flopstarz, Humleridderne and Faktaposen, The Danish way of doing rap music was topped in the 80's towards acceptance among the common people who did not listen to any rap music was with a rap song called: \"Rap Nu\" by the famed and beloved old Danish football commentator: Gunnar \"Nu\" Hansen.", "Kanye West __knowledge__ Kanye Omari West (; born June 8, 1977) is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, record producer, fashion designer, and entrepreneur.", "Kanye West __knowledge__ Born in Atlanta and raised in Chicago, West briefly attended art school before becoming known as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records in the early 2000s, producing hit singles for artists such as Jay-Z and Alicia Keys.", "Kanye West __knowledge__ Intent on pursuing a solo career as a rapper, West released his debut album \"The College Dropout\" in 2004 to widespread critical and commercial success, and founded the record label GOOD Music.", "Kanye West __knowledge__ He went on to pursue a variety of styles on subsequent albums \"Late Registration\" (2005), \"Graduation\" (2007), and \"808s & Heartbreak\" (2008).", "Chinx __knowledge__ Lionel Pickens (December 4, 1983 – May 17, 2015), better known by his stage name Chinx (formerly Chinx Drugz), was an American hip hop recording artist from Queens, New York.", "Chinx __knowledge__ He was a member of the Rockaway Riot Squad alongside fellow slain rapper Stack Bundles.", "Chinx __knowledge__ Chinx later joined French Montana's Coke Boys Records.", "Chinx __knowledge__ He was best known for his appearances on the \"Coke Boys\" mixtapes and the \"Cocaine Riot\" mixtape series.", "Chinx __knowledge__ He was killed by an unknown assailant through a fatal gunshot wound after a drive-by shooting in Jamaica, Queens, on May 17, 2015.", "Chinx __knowledge__ Chinx was born and raised in Far Rockaway, living in both Redfern Houses and Edgemere Houses, now known as Ocean Bay Apartments.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically.", "Vinnie Paz __knowledge__ Paz is known for his raw and gritty lyrical delivery.", "Vinnie Paz __knowledge__ His lyrics frequently contain references to religion, war, politics, mythology, conspiracy theories, and the paranormal.", "Vinnie Paz __knowledge__ His more recent albums such as \"Servants in Heaven Kings in Hell\" show a more obvious approach to politics and world issues.", "Vinnie Paz __knowledge__ This gritty style of Paz became apparent with the release of \"Violent by Design\", and has become progressively more defined since its release.", "Vinnie Paz __knowledge__ Vinnie Paz has a number of aliases, such as: Ikon the Verbal Hologram, Louie Doggs, Boxcutter Pazzy, Pack Pistol Pazzy, Hologram, Paz, Vinnie P, The Pazmanian Devil, Odrama Vin Laden, Ikon The Python, and Pazienza.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Jonathan Rapping __knowledge__ Jonathan A. Rapping is an American criminal defense attorney, founder and president of Gideon's Promise, and professor of law at Atlanta's John Marshall Law School and Harvard Law School.", "Jonathan Rapping __knowledge__ Rapping received the MacArthur \"Genius\" Award in 2014.", "Jonathan Rapping __knowledge__ Rapping regularly writes about issues related to criminal defense and the criminal justice system.", "Jonathan Rapping __knowledge__ He is a contributor for The Nation, Talk Poverty, The National Association For Public Defense, and The Huffington Post.", "Jonathan Rapping __knowledge__ He also maintains a blog called Fulfilling the Promise: Insights to Forging a Path to Meaningful Justice Reform.", "Jonathan Rapping __knowledge__ Rapping grew up in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Isaiah Rashad McClain (born May 16, 1991), is an American hip hop recording artist and record producer from Chattanooga, Tennessee.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Rashad began taking rapping seriously in tenth grade, where he and his friends would record on laptops.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ He spent the next few years recording at local recording studios.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ His first big break would be touring with rappers Juicy J, Joey Badass and Smoke DZA among others, on the 2012 Smoker's Club Tour.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ He is also a founding member of the Chattanooga hip hop collective The House along with fellow Chattanooga rapper TUT and a member of the Chicago hip hop collective The Village along with artist Kembe X, Alex Wiley and more.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ In March 2013, Rashad signed to Carson, California-based independent record label Top Dawg Entertainment.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ On January 28, 2014, he released \"Cilvia Demo\", his first extended play, via digital distribution.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ \"Cilvia Demo\" was met with widespread acclaim from music critics and debuted at number 40 on the US \"Billboard\" 200.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ Off the buzz from the release of the EP, Rashad was named to the 2014 \"XXL\" freshman class.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ On September 2, 2016, he released his debut studio album, \"The Sun's Tirade\", to widespread critical acclaim.", "Isaiah Rashad __knowledge__ The album peaked at number 17 on the \"Billboard\" 200.", "Pretty Good Dance Moves __knowledge__ Pretty Good Dance Moves is an indietronica band from Chicago, Illinois in the United States.", "Pretty Good Dance Moves __knowledge__ Their sound, sometimes also labeled as electropop, is influenced by 1980s new wave, electronic, pop and indie rock genres.", "Pretty Good Dance Moves __knowledge__ Pretty Good Dance Moves started in 2007 in Chicago when Aaron and Jimmy met while bartending together in Chicago.", "Pretty Good Dance Moves __knowledge__ Their parents are of Italian and Greek-Cyprian descent respectively.", "Pretty Good Dance Moves __knowledge__ Pretty Good Dance Moves's first songs were \"P.G.D.M\" and \"Demons Dancing\" which were recorded between June and September 2007.", "Pretty Good Dance Moves __knowledge__ Jimmy and Aaron were looking for some female presence in the group and called up Genevieve Schatz from Chicago band Company of Thieves and started to create music together.", "Making Music (organisation) __knowledge__ Making Music (formerly the National Federation of Music Societies) is a UK organisation for voluntary music, with around 3,000 member groups.", "Making Music (organisation) __knowledge__ Its members include choirs, orchestras, music promoters, jazz and wind bands, community festivals, and samba groups, among others.", "Making Music (organisation) __knowledge__ Making Music aims to be the leading ally and advocate for voluntary music making, and to help communities and individuals flourish through music making.", "Making Music (organisation) __knowledge__ The organisation believes that there are three principal objectives it needs to fulfil if it is to succeed in its mission and realise its vision.", "Making Music (organisation) __knowledge__ These are: The National Federation of Music Societies (NFMS) was founded in York on 23 February 1935 primarily to support amateur music groups in the wake of the Great Depression.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The Monkees are an American rock and pop band originally active between 1965 and 1971, with subsequent reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ They were formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider for the American television series \"The Monkees\", which aired from 1966 to 1968.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The musical acting quartet was composed of Americans Micky Dolenz, Michael Nesmith and Peter Tork and British stage and television actor and singer Davy Jones.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The band's music was initially supervised by producer Don Kirshner, backed by the songwriting duo of Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart.", "Grampa in Oz __knowledge__ Grampa in Oz (1924) is the eighteenth in the series of Oz books created by L. Frank Baum and his successors, and the fourth written by Ruth Plumly Thompson.", "Grampa in Oz __knowledge__ Things are going from bad to worse in the dilapidated kingdom of Ragbad; even the rag crop is failing.", "Grampa in Oz __knowledge__ To top it all off (or not), King Fumbo's head is blown away in a ferocious storm (with \"ten thousand pounds of thunder\").", "Grampa in Oz __knowledge__ Prince Tatters of Ragbad, and Grampa, a former soldier and the bravest man in the kingdom (population 27), set out on a three-fold quest: for King Fumbo's lost head, a fortune to save the bankrupt kingdom, and a princess for Tatters to marry.", "Pretty Good at Drinkin' Beer __knowledge__ \"Pretty Good at Drinkin' Beer\" is a song written by Troy Jones, and recorded by American country music artist Billy Currington.", "Pretty Good at Drinkin' Beer __knowledge__ It was released in May 2010 as the lead-off single to his fourth album \"Enjoy Yourself\" (2010).", "Pretty Good at Drinkin' Beer __knowledge__ The song received mixed reviews from critics divided over the lyrics.", "Pretty Good at Drinkin' Beer __knowledge__ \"Pretty Good at Drinkin' Beer\" gave Currington his fourth number-one country hit on the \"Billboard\" Country Airplay chart.", "Pretty Good at Drinkin' Beer __knowledge__ It also peaked outside the top 40 of the Hot 100 chart at number 41.", "Pretty Good at Drinkin' Beer __knowledge__ The song was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), denoting sales of over 1,000,000 copies in the United States.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Papa vs Pretty __knowledge__ Papa vs Pretty was an Australian rock band from Sydney, New South Wales.", "Papa vs Pretty __knowledge__ Originally the solo act of then 15-year-old Thomas Rawle (lead vocals, guitar, piano, primary songwriter) in 2006, Papa vs Pretty became a three-piece band in 2008 with the addition of Rawle’s friends Angus Gardiner (bass guitar, cello, backing vocals) and Tom Myers (drums, backing vocals), and a quartet in 2012 with the arrival of Luke Liang (guitar, keyboard, backing vocals).", "Papa vs Pretty __knowledge__ On Monday 30 June 2014, the band announced their breakup.", "Papa vs Pretty __knowledge__ Papa vs Pretty’s musical style evolved from the initial fusion of indie rock and electronica of their first two EP's, to a more guitar-driven alternative rock sound from 2010's \"Heavy Harm\" EP onwards.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records Inc. is an American major record label established in 1958 as the foundation label of the present-day Warner Music Group (WMG), and now operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of that corporation.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records was established on March 19, 1958, as the recorded-music division of the American film studio Warner Bros.. For most of its early existence it was one of a group of labels owned and operated by larger parent corporations.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ The sequence of companies that controlled Warner Bros. and its allied labels evolved through a convoluted series of corporate mergers and acquisitions from the early 1960s to the early 2000s.", "Kottonmouth Kings __knowledge__ Kottonmouth Kings was an American hip hop group from Placentia, Orange County, California.", "Kottonmouth Kings __knowledge__ The band officially formed in 1996, describing their eclectic sound as \"psychedelic hip-hop punk rock\".", "Kottonmouth Kings __knowledge__ Kottonmouth Kings are composed of Daddy X (singer of Humble Gods, X Pistols, former singer of Doggy Style), Lou Dog (drummer of Humble Gods and former drummer of Doggy Style), D-Loc, DJ Bobby B, and newest member/ vocalist, The Dirtball.", "Kottonmouth Kings __knowledge__ The group first attracted mainstream attention with the song \"Suburban Life\", which appeared on the soundtrack to the film \"Scream 2.\"", "Kottonmouth Kings __knowledge__ On February 24, 1998 Kottonmouth Kings released their first overall album, and their first EP, an EP titled Stoners Reeking Havoc.", "The Sun's Tirade __knowledge__ The Sun's Tirade is the debut studio album by American rapper Isaiah Rashad.", "The Sun's Tirade __knowledge__ It was released on September 2, 2016, and is his second release with Top Dawg Entertainment, following \"Cilvia Demo\" (2014).", "The Sun's Tirade __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances from SiR, Zacari, Kendrick Lamar, Deacon Blues, Kari Faux, Syd tha Kyd, Hugh Augustine, Jay Rock and SZA.", "The Sun's Tirade __knowledge__ The album's production was handled by several producers, including Mike Will Made It, D. Sanders, Cam O'bi, J. LBS, The Antydote and Chris Calor.", "The Sun's Tirade __knowledge__ \"The Sun's Tirade\" was met with critical acclaim from music critics, and appeared on numerous end-of-year best album lists from various publications.", "K-pop __knowledge__ K-pop (abbreviation of Korean popular music or Korean pop; ) is a music genre originating in South Korea, characterized by a wide variety of audiovisual elements.", "K-pop __knowledge__ Although it includes all genres of \"popular music\" within South Korea, the term is often used in a narrower sense to describe a modern form of South Korean pop music drawing inspiration on a range of styles and genres incorporated from the across the world such as Western pop music, rock, experimental, jazz, gospel, Latin, hip hop, R&B, reggae, electronic dance, folk, country and classical on top of its uniquely traditional Korean music roots.", "Haley Reinhart __knowledge__ Haley Elizabeth Reinhart (born September 9, 1990) is an American singer, songwriter and voice actress from Wheeling, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago.", "Haley Reinhart __knowledge__ She first rose to prominence after placing third in the tenth season of \"American Idol\".", "Haley Reinhart __knowledge__ In July 2011, Reinhart signed a recording deal with Interscope Records.", "Haley Reinhart __knowledge__ Her debut album \"Listen Up!\"", "Haley Reinhart __knowledge__ was released on May 22, 2012 to critical acclaim and she subsequently became the first \"American Idol\" alumna to perform at Lollapalooza.", "Haley Reinhart __knowledge__ After being dropped by Interscope Records following a change in the company's management in 2012, Reinhart expanded the agreement she had with her music publisher, ole, in 2014.", "R. Kelly __knowledge__ Robert Sylvester Kelly (born January 8, 1967), known professionally as R. Kelly, is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, and former professional basketball player.", "R. Kelly __knowledge__ A native of Chicago, Illinois, Kelly began performing during the late 1980s and debuted in 1992 with the group Public Announcement.", "R. Kelly __knowledge__ In 1993, Kelly went solo with the album \"12 Play\".", "R. Kelly __knowledge__ He is known for a collection of major hit singles including \"Bump N' Grind\", \"Your Body's Callin'\", \"I Believe I Can Fly\", \"Gotham City\", \"Ignition (Remix)\", \"If I Could Turn Back the Hands of Time\", \"The World's Greatest\", \"I'm a Flirt (Remix)\", and the hip-hopera \"Trapped in the Closet\".", "Pennywise (band) __knowledge__ Pennywise is an American punk rock band from Hermosa Beach, California, formed in 1988.", "Pennywise (band) __knowledge__ The band took its name from the evil clown monster from the Stephen King horror novel \"It\".", "Pennywise (band) __knowledge__ Between their 1991 self-titled debut and 2005's \"The Fuse\", Pennywise has released an album every two years on Epitaph Records, a label owned by Bad Religion guitarist Brett Gurewitz.", "Pennywise (band) __knowledge__ To date, the band has released eleven full-length studio albums (the last being 2014's \"Yesterdays\"), one live album, two EPs and one DVD.", "Pennywise (band) __knowledge__ Although their first two studio albums were critically acclaimed, Pennywise would not experience worldwide commercial success until the 1995 release of their third studio album, \"About Time\", which peaked at number ninety-six on the Billboard 200, and number fifty-five on Australia's ARIA Charts." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 11, 10 ]

[ "Have you heard of Isaiah Rashad? He is an American hip hop artist.", "Well he started rapping really young. He was in high school when he started recording with this friends. ", "Well his first album \"The Sun's Tirade\" reached 17 on the Billboard 200. ", "I think so, that album was released in September 2016. " ]

[ "Isaiah Rashad", "Isaiah Rashad", "Isaiah Rashad", "Isaiah Rashad" ]

[ "Poaching", "Yes I am aware. But what does it mean?", "So does that mean they are shooting animals on another person's property?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Poaching __knowledge__ Poaching has traditionally been defined as the illegal hunting or capturing of wild animals, usually associated with land use rights.", "Poaching __knowledge__ According to Encyclopædia Britannica, poaching was performed by impoverished peasants for subsistence purposes and a supplement for meager diets.", "Poaching __knowledge__ Poaching was as well set against the hunting privileges of nobility and territorial rulers.", "Poaching __knowledge__ By contrast, stealing domestic animals (as in cattle raiding, for example) classifies as theft, not as poaching.", "Poaching __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, the term \"poaching\" has also referred to the illegal harvesting of wild plant species.", "Poaching __knowledge__ In agricultural terms, the term 'poaching' is also applied to the loss of soils or grass by the damaging action of feet of livestock which can affect availability of productive land, water pollution through increased runoff and welfare issues for cattle.", "Poaching __knowledge__ Austria and Germany refer to poaching not as theft, but as intrusion in third party hunting rights.", "Poaching __knowledge__ While Germanic law allowed any free man including peasants to hunt, especially on the commons, Roman law restricted hunting for the rulers.", "Poaching __knowledge__ In Medieval Europe feudal territory rulers from the king downward tried to enforce exclusive rights of the nobility to hunt and fish on the lands they ruled." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Poaching __knowledge__ Poaching has traditionally been defined as the illegal hunting or capturing of wild animals, usually associated with land use rights.", "Poaching __knowledge__ According to Encyclopædia Britannica, poaching was performed by impoverished peasants for subsistence purposes and a supplement for meager diets.", "Poaching __knowledge__ Poaching was as well set against the hunting privileges of nobility and territorial rulers.", "Poaching __knowledge__ By contrast, stealing domestic animals (as in cattle raiding, for example) classifies as theft, not as poaching.", "Poaching __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, the term \"poaching\" has also referred to the illegal harvesting of wild plant species.", "Poaching __knowledge__ In agricultural terms, the term 'poaching' is also applied to the loss of soils or grass by the damaging action of feet of livestock which can affect availability of productive land, water pollution through increased runoff and welfare issues for cattle.", "Poaching __knowledge__ Austria and Germany refer to poaching not as theft, but as intrusion in third party hunting rights.", "Poaching __knowledge__ While Germanic law allowed any free man including peasants to hunt, especially on the commons, Roman law restricted hunting for the rulers.", "Poaching __knowledge__ In Medieval Europe feudal territory rulers from the king downward tried to enforce exclusive rights of the nobility to hunt and fish on the lands they ruled.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ In linguistics, a yes–no question, formally known as a polar question, is a question whose expected answer is either \"yes\" or \"no\".", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ Formally, they present an exclusive disjunction, a pair of alternatives of which only one is acceptable.", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ In English, such questions can be formed in both positive and negative forms (e.g.", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ \"Will you be here tomorrow?\"", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ and \"Won't you be here tomorrow?\").", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ Yes–no questions are in contrast with non-polar wh-questions, with the five Ws, which do not necessarily present a range of alternative answers, or necessarily restrict that range to two alternatives.", "Yes–no question __knowledge__ (Questions beginning with \"which\", for example, often presuppose a set of several alternatives, from which one is to be drawn.)", "Hunting __knowledge__ Hunting is the practice of killing or trapping animals, or pursuing or tracking them with the intent of doing so.", "Hunting __knowledge__ Hunting wildlife or feral animals is most commonly done by humans for food, recreation, to remove predators that are dangerous to humans or domestic animals, or for trade.", "Hunting __knowledge__ Lawful hunting is distinguished from poaching, which is the illegal killing, trapping or capture of the hunted species.", "Hunting __knowledge__ The species that are hunted are referred to as game or prey and are usually mammals and birds.", "Hunting __knowledge__ Hunting can also be a means of pest control.", "Hunting __knowledge__ Hunting advocates state that hunting can be a necessary component of modern wildlife management, for example, to help maintain a population of healthy animals within an environment's ecological carrying capacity when natural checks such as predators are absent or very rare.", "Species affected by poaching __knowledge__ Species affected by poaching refers both to the effects of illegal hunting and fishing or capturing of wild animals on certain species, and, in a recent usage, the illegal harvesting of wild plant species.", "Species affected by poaching __knowledge__ The article provides an overview of species currently endangered or impaired by poaching in the Americas, sub-Saharan Africa, and South-East Asia.", "Species affected by poaching __knowledge__ In the early 1990s, crimes against wildlife were rampant in certain parts of the United States, and poaching equaled or exceeded the number of animals hunted legally.", "Species affected by poaching __knowledge__ As trophy hunting became popular, poaching activity, in particular commercial poaching, increased in the Western states.", "Hunting Act 2004 __knowledge__ The Hunting Act 2004 (c 37) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which bans the hunting of wild mammals (notably foxes, deer, hares and mink) with dogs in England and Wales; the Act does not cover the use of dogs in the process of flushing out an unidentified wild mammal, nor does it affect drag hunting, where hounds are trained to follow an artificial scent.", "Hunting Act 2004 __knowledge__ The Act came into force on 18 February 2005.", "Hunting Act 2004 __knowledge__ The pursuit of foxes with hounds, other than to flush out to be shot, had been banned in Scotland two years earlier by the Protection of Wild Mammals (Scotland) Act 2002.", "Hunting Act 2004 __knowledge__ Such hunting remains permitted by the law in Northern Ireland, where the Act does not apply.", "Elephant hunting in Kenya __knowledge__ Elephant hunting, which used to be an accepted activity in Kenya, was banned in 1973, as was the ivory trade.", "Elephant hunting in Kenya __knowledge__ Illegal hunting continues, as there is still an international demand for elephant tusks.", "Elephant hunting in Kenya __knowledge__ Kenya pioneered the destruction of ivory as a way to combat this black market.", "Elephant hunting in Kenya __knowledge__ Elephant poaching continues to pose a threat to the population.", "Elephant hunting in Kenya __knowledge__ During colonial times, elephant hunting in Kenya was seen as a sport for noblemen and was exploited by the colonial governors.", "Elephant hunting in Kenya __knowledge__ British East Africa was not unique in this: big-game hunting was popular in many parts of the Empire.", "Elephant hunting in Kenya __knowledge__ Among the white hunters, the bull elephant was said to be the most exhilarating target.", "Cantabrian capercaillie __knowledge__ The Cantabrian capercaillie (\"Tetrao urogallus cantabricus\") is a subspecies of the western capercaillie in the grouse family Tetraonidae.", "Cantabrian capercaillie __knowledge__ It is one of two subspecies found in Spain.", "Cantabrian capercaillie __knowledge__ The capercaillie is a large grouse, in length, with the female much smaller than the male.", "Cantabrian capercaillie __knowledge__ It has dark grey plumage with fine blackish vermiculation (wavelike pattern) around the head and neck.", "Cantabrian capercaillie __knowledge__ The breast is glossy greenish-black.", "Cantabrian capercaillie __knowledge__ It has a long, rounded tail, an ivory-white bill, and a scarlet crest.", "Cantabrian capercaillie __knowledge__ The subspecies once ranged the length of the Cantabrian Mountains from northern Portugal, through Galicia, Asturias and León, to Cantabria in northern Spain (IUCN Redbook 1979, p. 1).", "Rhinoceros __knowledge__ A rhinoceros (, , ), commonly abbreviated to rhino, is one of any five extant species of odd-toed ungulates in the family Rhinocerotidae, as well as any of the numerous extinct species.", "Rhinoceros __knowledge__ Two of the extant species are native to Africa and three to Southern Asia.", "Rhinoceros __knowledge__ Members of the rhinoceros family are some of the largest remaining megafauna, with all species able to reach or exceed one tonne in weight.", "Rhinoceros __knowledge__ They have a herbivorous diet, small brains (400–600 g) for mammals of their size, one or two horns, and a thick (1.5–5 cm) protective skin formed from layers of collagen positioned in a lattice structure." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Poaching __knowledge__ Poaching has traditionally been defined as the illegal hunting or capturing of wild animals, usually associated with land use rights.", "Poaching __knowledge__ According to Encyclopædia Britannica, poaching was performed by impoverished peasants for subsistence purposes and a supplement for meager diets.", "Poaching __knowledge__ Poaching was as well set against the hunting privileges of nobility and territorial rulers.", "Poaching __knowledge__ By contrast, stealing domestic animals (as in cattle raiding, for example) classifies as theft, not as poaching.", "Poaching __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, the term \"poaching\" has also referred to the illegal harvesting of wild plant species.", "Poaching __knowledge__ In agricultural terms, the term 'poaching' is also applied to the loss of soils or grass by the damaging action of feet of livestock which can affect availability of productive land, water pollution through increased runoff and welfare issues for cattle.", "Poaching __knowledge__ Austria and Germany refer to poaching not as theft, but as intrusion in third party hunting rights.", "Poaching __knowledge__ While Germanic law allowed any free man including peasants to hunt, especially on the commons, Roman law restricted hunting for the rulers.", "Poaching __knowledge__ In Medieval Europe feudal territory rulers from the king downward tried to enforce exclusive rights of the nobility to hunt and fish on the lands they ruled.", "Law of succession in South Africa __knowledge__ The manner in which assets are distributed depends on whether the deceased has left a valid will or other valid document containing testamentary provisions, such as an antenuptial contract.", "Law of succession in South Africa __knowledge__ If the deceased has not left a valid will or valid document containing testamentary provisions, the deceased dies intestate; similarly, if the deceased leaves a valid will which does not dispose of all property, there is an intestacy as to the portion not disposed of.", "Law of succession in South Africa __knowledge__ In the event of intestacy, the assets are distributed in a definite order of preference among the heirs, as stipulated by the Intestate Succession Act.", "English trust law __knowledge__ English trust law concerns the creation and protection of asset funds, which are usually held by one party for another's benefit.", "English trust law __knowledge__ Trusts were a creation of the English law of property and obligations, but also share a history with countries across the Commonwealth and the United States.", "English trust law __knowledge__ Trusts developed when claimants in property disputes were dissatisfied with the common law courts and petitioned the King for a just and equitable result.", "English trust law __knowledge__ On the King's behalf, the Lord Chancellor developed a parallel justice system in the Court of Chancery.", "English trust law __knowledge__ Historically, trusts were mostly used where people left money in a will, created family settlements, created charities, or some types of business venture.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ South African criminal law is the body of national law relating to crime in South Africa.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In the definition of Van der Walt \"et al\", a crime is \"conduct which common or statute law prohibits and expressly or impliedly subjects to punishment remissible by the state alone and which the offender cannot avoid by his own act once he has been convicted.\"", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ Crime involves the infliction of harm against society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ The function or object of criminal law is to provide a social mechanism with which to coerce members of society to abstain from conduct that is harmful to the interests of society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In South Africa, as in most adversarial legal systems, the standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.", "Resisting arrest __knowledge__ In some countries, resisting arrest is a criminal charge against an individual who has committed, depending on the jurisdiction, at least one of the following acts: The courts in the United States regard resisting arrest as a separate charge or crime in addition to other alleged crimes committed by the arrested person.", "Resisting arrest __knowledge__ It is possible to be charged, tried and convicted on this charge alone, without any underlying cause for the original decision to arrest or even if the original arrest was clearly illegal.", "Resisting arrest __knowledge__ Accordingly, it is never advisable to resist even an unlawful arrest as it will likely result in the use of force by the arresting officer and the addition of the charge of resisting.", "Empathy __knowledge__ Empathy is the capacity to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from within the other person's frame of reference, i.e., the capacity to place oneself in another's position.", "Empathy __knowledge__ There are many definitions for empathy that encompass a broad range of emotional states.", "Empathy __knowledge__ Types of empathy include cognitive empathy, emotional empathy, and empathy.", "Empathy __knowledge__ The English word \"empathy\" is derived from the Ancient Greek word εμπάθεια (\"empatheia\", meaning \"physical affection or passion\").", "Empathy __knowledge__ This, in turn, comes from εν (\"en\", \"in, at\") and πάθος (\"pathos\", \"passion\" or \"suffering\").", "Empathy __knowledge__ The term was adapted by Hermann Lotze and Robert Vischer to create the German word \"Einfühlung\" (\"feeling into\"), which was translated by Edward B. Titchener into the English term empathy.", "Perspective-taking __knowledge__ Perspective-taking is the act of perceiving a situation or understanding a concept from an alternative point of view, such as that of another individual.", "Perspective-taking __knowledge__ There is a vast amount of scientific literature that has looked at perspective-taking and suggests that it is crucial to human development, and that it may lead to a variety of beneficial outcomes.", "Perspective-taking __knowledge__ Perspective-taking is related to other theories and concepts including theory of mind and empathy.", "Perspective-taking __knowledge__ Both theory and research have suggested ages when children are able to begin to perspective-take and how that ability develops over time.", "Perspective-taking __knowledge__ Research has also suggested that there may be deficits in people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism on the ability of individuals to engage in perspective-taking.", "Ages of consent in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, age of consent laws regarding sexual activity are made at the state level.", "Ages of consent in the United States __knowledge__ There are several federal statutes related to protecting minors from sexual predators, but laws regarding specific age requirements for sexual consent are left to individual states, territories, and the District of Columbia.", "Ages of consent in the United States __knowledge__ Depending on the jurisdiction, legal age of consent ranges from 16 to 18 years old.", "Ages of consent in the United States __knowledge__ In some places, civil and criminal laws within the same state conflict with each other.", "Ages of consent in the United States __knowledge__ While the general age of consent is now set between 16 and 18 in all U.S. states, the age of consent has widely varied across the country in the past.", "Chinese property law __knowledge__ Chinese property law has existed in various forms for centuries.", "Chinese property law __knowledge__ After the Chinese Communist Revolution in 1949, most land is owned by collectivities or by the state; the Property Law of the People's Republic of China passed in 2007 codified property rights.", "Chinese property law __knowledge__ Use of property are usually divided into topsoil (田皮) and subsoil (田骨) rights.", "Chinese property law __knowledge__ Landlords paid taxes to the government in return for land-owning rights (known as subsoil rights), but did not have the right to actively use the land.", "Chinese property law __knowledge__ The landlords in turn collected rent from peasants who used the land for agricultural purposes (topsoil rights).", "South African property law __knowledge__ South African property law regulates the \"rights of people in or over certain objects or things.\"", "South African property law __knowledge__ It is concerned, in other words, with a person's ability to undertake certain actions with certain kinds of objects in accordance with South African law.", "South African property law __knowledge__ Among the formal functions of South African property law is the harmonisation of individual interests in property, the guarantee and protection of individual (and sometimes group) rights with respect to property, and the control of proprietary relationships between persons (both natural and juristic), as well as their rights and obligations.", "South African property law __knowledge__ The protective clause for property rights in the Constitution of South Africa stipulates those proprietary relationships which qualify for constitutional protection.", "Poor People's Campaign __knowledge__ The Poor People's Campaign, or Poor People's March on Washington, was a 1968 effort to gain economic justice for poor people in the United States.", "Poor People's Campaign __knowledge__ It was organized by Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), and carried out under the leadership of Ralph Abernathy in the wake of King's assassination.", "Poor People's Campaign __knowledge__ The campaign demanded economic and human rights for poor Americans of diverse backgrounds.", "Poor People's Campaign __knowledge__ After presenting an organized set of demands to Congress and executive agencies, participants set up a 3,000-person protest camp on the Washington Mall, where they stayed for six weeks in the spring of 1968.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights.", "English land law __knowledge__ English land law is the law of real property in England and Wales.", "English land law __knowledge__ Because of its heavy historical and social significance, land is usually seen as the most important part of English property law.", "English land law __knowledge__ Ownership of land has its roots in the feudal system established by William the Conqueror after 1066, and with a gradually diminishing aristocratic presence, now sees a large number of owners playing in an active market for real estate.", "English land law __knowledge__ The modern law's sources derive from the old courts of common law and equity which includes legislation such as the Law of Property Act 1925, the Settled Land Act 1925, the Land Charges Act 1972, the Trusts of Land and Appointment of Trustees Act 1996 and the Land Registration Act 2002, and the European Convention on Human Rights.", "Land reforms by country __knowledge__ Agrarian reform and land reform have been a recurring theme of enormous consequence in world history.", "Land reforms by country __knowledge__ The goal of this page is to compare and contrast the different land reforms that were done (or attempted) around the world.", "Land reforms by country __knowledge__ Getúlio Vargas, who rose to presidency in Brazil following the Brazilian Revolution of 1930, promised a land reform but reneged on his promise.", "Land reforms by country __knowledge__ A first attempt to make a national scale reform was set up in the government of José Sarney (1985–1990), as a result of the strong popular movement that had contributed to the fall of the military government.", "Land reforms by country __knowledge__ According to the 1988 Constitution of Brazil, the government is required to \"expropriate for the purpose of agrarian reform, rural property that is not performing its social function\" (Article 184).", "Montana Water Court __knowledge__ The Montana Water Court is a court of law in the U.S. state of Montana which has jurisdiction over the adjudication of water rights.", "Montana Water Court __knowledge__ The filing, verification, recording, and enforcement of water rights in the Montana Territory and, later, the state of Montana were considered highly inadequate until 1972, when a new state constitution required a more robust, highly centralized water rights legal system.", "Montana Water Court __knowledge__ Implementation of this system led to the establishment of the Water Court in 1979, after six years of mixed success with an administrative solution.", "Montana Water Court __knowledge__ The Water Court consists of a Chief Water Judge, Associate Water Judge, and four District Water Judges, but most work is handled by special masters (\"water masters\")." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3 ]

[ "Hello, do you know that poaching is illegal hunting?", "Well, it was performed by poor people that had no other means of nourishment but the act is usually connected with land use rights ", "Well yes. It was against the rights of the top rulers and community leaders in ancient times " ]

[ "Poaching", "Poaching", "Poaching" ]

[ "Watercolor painting", "No, but I can see the appeal of painting. Is it true that you can mentally relax by painting?", "What kinds of pictures have you painted with watercolors?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolor (American English) or watercolour (British English; see spelling differences), also aquarelle (French, diminutive of Latin \"aqua\" \"water\"), is a painting method in which the paints are made of pigments suspended in a water-based solution.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ \"Watercolor\" refers to both the medium and the resulting artwork.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Aquarelles painted with water-soluble colored ink instead of modern water colors are called “aquarellum atramento” (Latin for “aquarelle made with ink”) by experts.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ However, this term has been more and more passing out of use.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ The traditional and most common \"support\"—material to which the paint is applied—for watercolor paintings is paper.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Other supports include papyrus, bark papers, plastics, vellum, leather, fabric, wood and canvas.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolor paper is often made entirely or partially with cotton, which gives a good texture and minimizes distortion when wet.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolors are usually translucent, and appear luminous because the pigments are laid down in a pure form with few fillers obscuring the pigment colors.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolors can also be made opaque by adding Chinese white.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ In East Asia, watercolor painting with inks is referred to as brush painting or scroll painting.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ In Chinese, Korean and Japanese painting it has been the dominant medium, often in monochrome black or browns." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolor (American English) or watercolour (British English; see spelling differences), also aquarelle (French, diminutive of Latin \"aqua\" \"water\"), is a painting method in which the paints are made of pigments suspended in a water-based solution.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ \"Watercolor\" refers to both the medium and the resulting artwork.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Aquarelles painted with water-soluble colored ink instead of modern water colors are called “aquarellum atramento” (Latin for “aquarelle made with ink”) by experts.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ However, this term has been more and more passing out of use.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ The traditional and most common \"support\"—material to which the paint is applied—for watercolor paintings is paper.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Other supports include papyrus, bark papers, plastics, vellum, leather, fabric, wood and canvas.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolor paper is often made entirely or partially with cotton, which gives a good texture and minimizes distortion when wet.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolors are usually translucent, and appear luminous because the pigments are laid down in a pure form with few fillers obscuring the pigment colors.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolors can also be made opaque by adding Chinese white.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ In East Asia, watercolor painting with inks is referred to as brush painting or scroll painting.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ In Chinese, Korean and Japanese painting it has been the dominant medium, often in monochrome black or browns.", "History of painting __knowledge__ The history of painting reaches back in time to artifacts from pre-historic humans, and spans all cultures.", "History of painting __knowledge__ It represents a continuous, though periodically disrupted, tradition from Antiquity.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Across cultures, and spanning continents and millennia, the history of painting is an ongoing river of creativity, that continues into the 21st century.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Until the early 20th century it relied primarily on representational, religious and classical motifs, after which time more purely abstract and conceptual approaches gained favor.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Developments in Eastern painting historically parallel those in Western painting, in general, a few centuries earlier.", "XML schema __knowledge__ An XML schema is a description of a type of XML document, typically expressed in terms of constraints on the structure and content of documents of that type, above and beyond the basic syntactical constraints imposed by XML itself.", "XML schema __knowledge__ These constraints are generally expressed using some combination of grammatical rules governing the order of elements, Boolean predicates that the content must satisfy, data types governing the content of elements and attributes, and more specialized rules such as uniqueness and referential integrity constraints.", "XML schema __knowledge__ There are languages developed specifically to express XML schemas.", "Relax (song) __knowledge__ \"Relax\" is the debut single by Frankie Goes to Hollywood, released in the United Kingdom by ZTT Records in 1983.", "Relax (song) __knowledge__ The song was later included on the album \"Welcome to the Pleasuredome\" (1984).", "Relax (song) __knowledge__ Although fairly inauspicious upon initial release, \"Relax\" finally reached number one on the UK singles chart on 22 January 1984, ultimately becoming one of the most controversial and most commercially successful records of the decade.", "Relax (song) __knowledge__ The single eventually sold a reported 2 million copies in the UK alone, making it the seventh best-selling single in the UK Singles Chart's history.", "Relax (song) __knowledge__ Following the release of the group's second single, \"Two Tribes\", \"Relax\" rallied from a declining UK chart position during June 1984 to climb back up the UK charts and re-attain number-two spot behind \"Two Tribes\" at number one, representing simultaneous chart success by a single act, unprecedented since the early 1960s.", "20th-century Western painting __knowledge__ 20th-century Western painting begins with the heritage of late-19th-century painters Vincent van Gogh, Paul Cézanne, Paul Gauguin, Georges Seurat and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, and others who were essential for the development of modern art.", "20th-century Western painting __knowledge__ At the beginning of the 20th century, Henri Matisse and several other young artists including the pre-cubist Georges Braque, André Derain, Raoul Dufy and Maurice de Vlaminck revolutionized the Paris art world with \"wild\", multi-colored, expressive landscapes and figure paintings that the critics called Fauvism.", "20th-century Western painting __knowledge__ Matisse's second version of \"The Dance\" signified a key point in his career and in the development of modern painting.", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union __knowledge__ There was systematic political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union, based on the interpretation of political opposition or dissent as a psychiatric problem.", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union __knowledge__ It was called \"psychopathological mechanisms\" of dissent.", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union __knowledge__ During the leadership of General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev, psychiatry was used to disable and remove from society political opponents (\"dissidents\") who openly expressed beliefs that contradicted the official dogma.", "Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union __knowledge__ The term \"philosophical intoxication\", for instance, was widely applied to the mental disorders diagnosed when people disagreed with the country's Communist leaders and, by referring to the writings of the Founding Fathers of Marxism–Leninism—Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, and Vladimir Lenin—made them the target of criticism.", "Western painting __knowledge__ The history of Western painting represents a continuous, though disrupted, tradition from antiquity until the present time.", "Western painting __knowledge__ Until the mid-19th century it was primarily concerned with representational and Classical modes of production, after which time more modern, abstract and conceptual forms gained favor.", "Western painting __knowledge__ Developments in Western painting historically parallel those in Eastern painting, in general a few centuries later.", "Western painting __knowledge__ African art, Islamic art, Indian art, Chinese art, and Japanese art each had a significant influence on Western art, and, eventually, vice versa.", "Western painting __knowledge__ Initially serving imperial, private, civic, and religious patronage, Western painting later found audiences in the aristocracy and the middle class.", "Romanticism __knowledge__ Romanticism (also the Romantic era or the Romantic period) was an artistic, literary, musical and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century, and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1850.", "Romanticism __knowledge__ Romanticism was characterized by its emphasis on emotion and individualism as well as glorification of all the past and nature, preferring the medieval rather than the classical.", "Romanticism __knowledge__ It was partly a reaction to the Industrial Revolution, the aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment, and the scientific rationalization of nature—all components of modernity.", "Hubei Institute of Fine Arts __knowledge__ Hubei Institute of Fine Arts (HIFA, ; colloquially 湖美, pinyin: Húměi) is an art college in the People's Republic of China (PRC).", "Hubei Institute of Fine Arts __knowledge__ It is regarded as one of the best and most selective academies of fine arts in China.", "Hubei Institute of Fine Arts __knowledge__ Its history dates back to 1920, making it the first private art school in modern China.", "Hubei Institute of Fine Arts __knowledge__ As one of the three oldest art colleges, it is also one of the cradles of higher education of fine arts in modern China.", "Hubei Institute of Fine Arts __knowledge__ It is located in Hubei Province's capital Wuhan, known as \"the thoroughfare leading to nine provinces\".", "Hubei Institute of Fine Arts __knowledge__ Located in Wuhan, the industrial, economic and cultural center of central China, Hubei Institute of Fine Arts is widely regarded as a top academy of multiple disciplines, including watercolor painting, Chinese painting, oil painting, mural painting, mixed media painting, printmaking, sculpture, etc.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo National Watercolor Museum __knowledge__ The Alfredo Guati Rojo National Watercolor Museum (Museo Nacional de Acuarela Alfredo Guati Rojo) was the first museum in the world dedicated specifically to watercolor painting.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo National Watercolor Museum __knowledge__ It is located in the Coyoacán borough of Mexico City, in a former private house which was donated to the museum by the city government.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo National Watercolor Museum __knowledge__ It was founded and run by artist Alfredo Guati Rojo from its beginnings in 1964 until his death in 2003.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo National Watercolor Museum __knowledge__ The museum is dedicated to the preservation and continuance of watercolor painting both in Mexico and abroad, with its permanent collection of 300 works donated by Guati Rojo and his wife, classes in watercolor and drawing, its annual Premio Nacional de Acuarela (National Watercolor Prize) and various temporary exhibits both at the museum and abroad.", "Painting __knowledge__ Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (support base).", "Painting __knowledge__ The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and airbrushes, can be used.", "Painting __knowledge__ Painting is a mode of creative expression, and the forms are numerous.", "Painting __knowledge__ Drawing, gesture (as in gestural painting), composition, narration (as in narrative art), or abstraction (as in abstract art), among other aesthetic modes, may serve to manifest the expressive and conceptual intention of the practitioner.", "Painting __knowledge__ Paintings can be naturalistic and representational (as in a still life or landscape painting), photographic, abstract, narrative, symbolistic (as in Symbolist art), emotive (as in Expressionism), or political in nature (as in Artivism).", "Paul Klee __knowledge__ Paul Klee (; 18 December 1879 – 29 June 1940) was a German artist.", "Paul Klee __knowledge__ His highly individual style was influenced by movements in art that included Expressionism, Cubism, and Surrealism.", "Paul Klee __knowledge__ Klee was a natural draftsman who experimented with and eventually deeply explored color theory, writing about it extensively; his lectures \"Writings on Form and Design Theory\" (\"Schriften zur Form und Gestaltungslehre\"), published in English as the \"Paul Klee Notebooks\", are held to be as important for modern art as Leonardo da Vinci's \"A Treatise on Painting\" for the Renaissance.", "Paul Klee __knowledge__ He and his colleague, Russian painter Wassily Kandinsky, both taught at the Bauhaus school of art, design and architecture.", "China painting __knowledge__ China painting, or porcelain painting, is the decoration of glazed porcelain objects such as plates, bowls, vases or statues.", "China painting __knowledge__ The body of the object may be hard-paste porcelain, developed in China in the 7th or 8th century, or soft-paste porcelain (often bone china), developed in 18th-century Europe.", "China painting __knowledge__ The broader term ceramic painting includes painted decoration on lead-glazed earthenware such as creamware or tin-glazed pottery such as maiolica or faience.", "China painting __knowledge__ Typically the body is first fired in a kiln to convert it into a hard porous bisque.", "China painting __knowledge__ Underglaze decoration may then be applied, followed by glaze, which is fired so it bonds to the body.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ Alfredo Guati Rojo Cárdenas (December 1, 1918 – June 10, 2003) was a 20th-century Mexican artist who worked to restore the reputation of watercolor painting as a true art form.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ His preference for the technique came from seeing Diego Rivera’s work and helping with a fresco mural in his hometown of Cuernavaca as a child.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ When he was 16, he went to Mexico City to study law, but switched to art.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ He learned the various classic art techniques but kept his preference for watercolor.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ His career began by teaching art, founding an art institute in the Colonia Roma section of Mexico City.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ In the 1950s, he tried to get the area's art galleries to show watercolors but they refused, considering it to be a minor art form." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolor (American English) or watercolour (British English; see spelling differences), also aquarelle (French, diminutive of Latin \"aqua\" \"water\"), is a painting method in which the paints are made of pigments suspended in a water-based solution.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ \"Watercolor\" refers to both the medium and the resulting artwork.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Aquarelles painted with water-soluble colored ink instead of modern water colors are called “aquarellum atramento” (Latin for “aquarelle made with ink”) by experts.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ However, this term has been more and more passing out of use.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ The traditional and most common \"support\"—material to which the paint is applied—for watercolor paintings is paper.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Other supports include papyrus, bark papers, plastics, vellum, leather, fabric, wood and canvas.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolor paper is often made entirely or partially with cotton, which gives a good texture and minimizes distortion when wet.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolors are usually translucent, and appear luminous because the pigments are laid down in a pure form with few fillers obscuring the pigment colors.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolors can also be made opaque by adding Chinese white.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ In East Asia, watercolor painting with inks is referred to as brush painting or scroll painting.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ In Chinese, Korean and Japanese painting it has been the dominant medium, often in monochrome black or browns.", "Childe Hassam __knowledge__ Frederick Childe Hassam (October 17, 1859 – August 27, 1935) was an American Impressionist painter, noted for his urban and coastal scenes.", "Childe Hassam __knowledge__ Along with Mary Cassatt and John Henry Twachtman, Hassam was instrumental in promulgating Impressionism to American collectors, dealers, and museums.", "Childe Hassam __knowledge__ He produced over 3,000 paintings, oils, watercolors, etchings, and lithographs over the course of his career, and was an influential American artist of the early 20th century.", "Childe Hassam __knowledge__ Hassam (pronounced HASS'm;) (known to all as \"Childe\", pronounced like \"child\"; named after an uncle) was born in his family home on Olney Street (Meeting House Hill) in Dorchester, Boston, in 1859.", "Winslow Homer __knowledge__ Winslow Homer (February 24, 1836 – September 29, 1910) was an American landscape painter and printmaker, best known for his marine subjects.", "Winslow Homer __knowledge__ He is considered one of the foremost painters in 19th-century America and a preeminent figure in American art.", "Winslow Homer __knowledge__ Largely self-taught, Homer began his career working as a commercial illustrator.", "Winslow Homer __knowledge__ He subsequently took up oil painting and produced major studio works characterized by the weight and density he exploited from the medium.", "Winslow Homer __knowledge__ He also worked extensively in watercolor, creating a fluid and prolific oeuvre, primarily chronicling his working vacations.", "Winslow Homer __knowledge__ Born in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1836, Homer was the second of three sons of Charles Savage Homer and Henrietta Benson Homer, both from long lines of New Englanders.", "Paul Fontaine __knowledge__ Paul Fontaine (1913–1996) was an American painter.", "Paul Fontaine __knowledge__ Abstract-colorist painter Paul Emile Fontaine was born in 1913 in Worcester, Massachusetts to Elzear and Mary Fontaine, both of French Canadian descent.", "Paul Fontaine __knowledge__ Fontaine had two brothers, Russell and Leo Fontaine, both younger.", "Paul Fontaine __knowledge__ Paul Fontaine was early on encouraged to be a painter, deciding to pursue this artistic path as a teenager.", "Paul Fontaine __knowledge__ He was enrolled at the Worcester Art Museum School following completion of high school, and remained there from 1932 to 1935.", "Paul Fontaine __knowledge__ Fontaine graduated in 1935, and followed his studies with a six-month term in the Civilian Conservation Corps.", "John Singer Sargent __knowledge__ John Singer Sargent (; January 12, 1856 – April 14, 1925) was an American artist, considered the \"leading portrait painter of his generation\" for his evocations of Edwardian era luxury.", "John Singer Sargent __knowledge__ During his career, he created roughly 900 oil paintings and more than 2,000 watercolors, as well as countless sketches and charcoal drawings.", "John Singer Sargent __knowledge__ His \"oeuvre\" documents worldwide travel, from Venice to the Tyrol, Corfu, the Middle East, Montana, Maine, and Florida.", "John Singer Sargent __knowledge__ His parents were American, but he was trained in Paris prior to moving to London.", "John Singer Sargent __knowledge__ Sargent enjoyed international acclaim as a portrait painter, although not without controversy and some critical reservation; an early submission to the Paris Salon, his \"Portrait of Madame X\", was intended to consolidate his position as a society painter, but it resulted in scandal instead.", "Edward Hopper __knowledge__ Edward Hopper (July 22, 1882 – May 15, 1967) was a prominent American realist painter and printmaker.", "Edward Hopper __knowledge__ While he was most popularly known for his oil paintings, he was equally proficient as a watercolorist and printmaker in etching.", "Edward Hopper __knowledge__ Both in his urban and rural scenes, his spare and finely calculated renderings reflected his personal vision of modern American life.", "Edward Hopper __knowledge__ Hopper was born in 1882 in Upper Nyack, New York, a yacht-building center on the Hudson River north of New York City.", "Edward Hopper __knowledge__ He was one of two children of a comfortably well-to-do family.", "Edward Hopper __knowledge__ His parents, of mostly Dutch ancestry, were Elizabeth Griffiths Smith and Garret Henry Hopper, a dry-goods merchant.", "Sears Gallagher __knowledge__ Sears Gallagher (1869–1955) was a prolific, commercially successful American artist proficient in multiple media: drawing, etching, watercolor and oil painting.", "Sears Gallagher __knowledge__ His work consists largely of landscapes, seascapes, and cityscapes depicting his native Boston and northern New England, especially Monhegan Island, Maine.", "Sears Gallagher __knowledge__ Illustrating magazines and books provided steady work and income, and his etchings and prints attracted popular demand.", "Sears Gallagher __knowledge__ Gallagher took his art seriously, adapted new techniques, and was open to the influence of European Impressionism.", "Sears Gallagher __knowledge__ During the height of his career his watercolors were favorably compared to those of Winslow Homer (1836–1910) and F. W. Benson (1862–1910), and his etchings and drypoints to those of James McNeill Whistler (1834–1903).", "Iron Fist (comics) __knowledge__ Iron Fist (Daniel \"Danny\" Rand) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Iron Fist (comics) __knowledge__ Created by Roy Thomas and Gil Kane, Iron Fist first appeared in \"Marvel Premiere\" #15 (May 1974).", "Iron Fist (comics) __knowledge__ The character is a practitioner of martial arts and the wielder of a mystical force known as the Iron Fist, which allows him to summon and focus his chi.", "Iron Fist (comics) __knowledge__ He starred in his own solo series in the 1970s, and shared the title \"Power Man and Iron Fist\" for several years with Luke Cage, partnering with Cage to form the superhero team Heroes for Hire.", "Iron Fist (comics) __knowledge__ The character has starred in numerous solo titles since, including \"The Immortal Iron Fist\", which expanded on his origin story and the history of the Iron Fist.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ Alfredo Guati Rojo Cárdenas (December 1, 1918 – June 10, 2003) was a 20th-century Mexican artist who worked to restore the reputation of watercolor painting as a true art form.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ His preference for the technique came from seeing Diego Rivera’s work and helping with a fresco mural in his hometown of Cuernavaca as a child.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ When he was 16, he went to Mexico City to study law, but switched to art.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ He learned the various classic art techniques but kept his preference for watercolor.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ His career began by teaching art, founding an art institute in the Colonia Roma section of Mexico City.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ In the 1950s, he tried to get the area's art galleries to show watercolors but they refused, considering it to be a minor art form.", "Ba Zaw __knowledge__ Ba Zaw (18911942) was an early Burmese artist born in Tha Yet and raised in Mandalay who mastered Western painting.", "Ba Zaw __knowledge__ He and his student, Saya Saung, are largely responsible for creating the foundations and identity of a Western-style painting circle within the Mandalay School.", "Ba Zaw __knowledge__ The Mandalay School, when examined as a whole, included diverse artistspainters who devoted themselves to Western-style painting as well as professional Traditional Burmese painters whose specialty and livelihood came from painting Buddhist works for temples and other religious buildings.", "Ba Zaw __knowledge__ Almost all the Traditional painters dabbled in or heavily experimented in Western-style painting from time to time.", "List of Grand Theft Auto: Vice City characters __knowledge__ A number of recurring characters appear during various missions or cut scenes in the video game \"\", set in 1986.", "List of Grand Theft Auto: Vice City characters __knowledge__ Prominent characters are listed here.", "List of Grand Theft Auto: Vice City characters __knowledge__ \"Introduced in: Introduction, airport cutscene\" Thomas \"Tommy\" Vercetti is the main protagonist and playable character of \"\".", "List of Grand Theft Auto: Vice City characters __knowledge__ Born Italian-American, he was raised in a small family as an only child, with his father owning a printing shop.", "List of Grand Theft Auto: Vice City characters __knowledge__ When he was a teenager, he befriended Sonny Forelli, who has been early involved in his family's activities, and he started working for his associates, earning his trust and position in the Forelli family.", "List of Grand Theft Auto: Vice City characters __knowledge__ In Liberty City in 1971, he was sent by Sonny to kill a key mobster in the Harwood District, who was trying to destroy Forelli's early rackets.", "Watercolor illusion __knowledge__ The watercolor illusion, also referred to as the water-color effect, is an optical illusion in which a white area takes on a pale tint of a thin, bright, intensely colored polygon surrounding it if the coloured polygon is itself surrounded by a thin, darker border (Figures 1 and 2).", "Watercolor illusion __knowledge__ The inner and outer borders of watercolor illusion objects often are of complementary colours (Figure 2).", "Watercolor illusion __knowledge__ The watercolor illusion is best when the inner and outer contours have chromaticities in opposite directions in color space.", "Watercolor illusion __knowledge__ The most common complementary pair is orange and purple.", "Watercolor illusion __knowledge__ The watercolor illusion is dependent on the combination of luminance and color contrast of the contour lines in order to have the color spreading effect occur.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 5 ]

[ "My hobby is Watercolor painting. Do you paint?", "When I fist started Watercolor. Once I realized art is what I make it to be it became relaxing. ", "I normally do water on paper and I paint nature, landscape and the occasional model. But I'm terrible at paining models. " ]

[ "Watercolor painting", "Watercolor painting", "Watercolor painting" ]

[ "Association football", "Congrats! That is awesome!", "is that in the world?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.", "Association football __knowledge__ It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies, making it the world's most popular sport.", "Association football __knowledge__ The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.", "Association football __knowledge__ The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal.", "Association football __knowledge__ Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers (and then only when within their penalty area).", "Association football __knowledge__ Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use any part of their body except the hands and the arms.", "Association football __knowledge__ The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.", "Association football __knowledge__ If the score is level at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition.", "Association football __knowledge__ The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863.", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; ), which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.", "Association football __knowledge__ It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies, making it the world's most popular sport.", "Association football __knowledge__ The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.", "Association football __knowledge__ The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal.", "Association football __knowledge__ Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers (and then only when within their penalty area).", "Association football __knowledge__ Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use any part of their body except the hands and the arms.", "Association football __knowledge__ The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.", "Association football __knowledge__ If the score is level at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition.", "Association football __knowledge__ The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863.", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; ), which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Michael Lee Alfonso (January 24, 1965 – February 17, 2007) was an American professional wrestler.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ He was best known for his appearances with the American professional wrestling promotions Extreme Championship Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation under the ring name Mike Awesome and for his appearances in Japan for with Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling and All Japan Pro Wrestling as The Gladiator.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso was trained to wrestle by Steve Keirn, debuting on February 26, 1989.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso trained for about one year along with former professional wrestlers, Dennis Knight (Mideon, Phineas Godwin) and the late \"Big\" Al Green before making his debut.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the series \"The Awesomes\".", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Professor Dr. Jeremy \"Prock\" Awesome (voiced by Seth Meyers) - The son of Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Jeremy Awesome is the young new leader of the Awesomes.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Known as Prock (a portmanteau of Professor and Doctor, since Prock has a JD and an MD) he has always wanted to be a superhero like his father, Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Prock disappointingly doesn't have any of his father's impressive physical powers: indeed, he is unimposing and injury-prone.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ However, he's the smartest on the team and a natural leader: in a crisis he comes up with excellent plans and assigns jobs to everyone on the team.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ awesome is a dynamic window manager for the X Window System developed in the C and Lua programming languages.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ Lua is also used for configuring and extending the window manager.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ Its development began as a fork of dwm.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ It aims to be extremely small and fast, yet extensively customizable.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ It makes it possible for the user to manage windows with the use of keyboard.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ The fork was initially nicknamed \"jdwm\", with \"jd\" denoting the principal programmer's initials, and with dwm reminding of the software project it forked from.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ The first git repository for what was to become awesome was set up in September 2007. jdwm was renamed to awesome, named after the same phrase used by the \"How I Met Your Mother\" character Barney Stinson.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ Awesome Comics or Awesome Entertainment (also known as Awesome-Hyperwerks when they were briefly joined with Hyperwerks Entertainment) was an American comic book studio formed in 1997 by Image Comics co-founder Rob Liefeld.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ The company closed in 2000.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ In 1992, seven high-profile comics artists left Marvel Comics to form their own publisher, where comics creators could publish creator-owned material without having to give up copyright-control to their characters.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ The seven artists (bar Whilce Portacio, who opted not to become a full partner) formed a partnership between their individual studios, and published their comics under the over-arcing Image Comics banner.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ 1000 Awesome Things is a regularly updated, Webby Award winning blog written by Neil Pasricha, who posts one awesome thing in life each weekday.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ The site was launched on June 20, 2008 with #1000 Broccoflower and is counting down until it hits #1.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ The topics covered on the blog are varied, and range from #981, Wearing underwear just out of the dryer, to #858, The other side of the pillow, and #773, watching your odometer click over a major milestone.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ An awesome thing is posted every weekday and #1 was posted on April 19, 2012.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ The website has a live stats counter on it and has approximately 48 million hits.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ Originally a trainee for George and Shunji Takano's Pro Wrestling Crusaders, Tanaka transferred to Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling where he trained under Atsushi Onita.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ Tanaka debuted on July 23, 1993 in Saga City, facing Ricky Fuji.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ He quickly began moving up the card in FMW, widely regarded as the top hardcore professional wrestling promotion in Japan.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ Wrestling in matches featuring explosions and barbed wire, Tanaka earned a variety of scars, and the nickname \"Dangan\", which he would often shout during his matches.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ By 1996 he was one of the promotion's major stars, and had feuded with such luminaries as Mr. Pogo, Mr. Gannosuke, Terry Funk and Mike Awesome.", "Channel Awesome __knowledge__ Channel Awesome, Inc. is an American online media production company based in Lombard, Illinois.", "Channel Awesome __knowledge__ The company was created in 2008 by Mike Michaud, Mike Ellis, and Bhargav Dronamraju.", "Channel Awesome __knowledge__ Channel Awesome operated the That Guy with the Glasses website (often abbreviated TGWTG) until late 2014, when it was replaced by the \"Channel Awesome\" website.", "Channel Awesome __knowledge__ \"That Guy with the Glasses\" previously hosted fellow channels by \"Bar Fiesta\" beginning in November 2009, \"Blistered Thumbs\" beginning in November 2010.", "Channel Awesome __knowledge__ As of May 2015, Channel Awesome currently hosts a YouTube channel of the same name with an emphasis on the Walker Brothers' content, as well as the YouTube channel \"League of Super Critics\" that includes several of the site's other top producers.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ Soccer in the United States is governed by the United States Soccer Federation.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ The organization governs most levels of soccer in the country, including the national teams, professional leagues, and the amateur game with the exception of colleges and high schools.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ , over 24.4 million people play soccer in the United States.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ In 2012, the U.S. Census Bureau reported that soccer was the third-most played team sport in the U.S., behind only basketball and baseball.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ The popularity of the sport in the U.S. has been growing since the 1960s and 1970s, and received a significant boost when the United States hosted the 1994 FIFA World Cup and 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Sports in the United States are an important part of the country's culture.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Based on revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United States are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Major League Soccer is sometimes included in a \"top five\" of leagues of the country.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ All four enjoy wide-ranging domestic media coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their respective sports in the world, although only basketball, baseball, and ice hockey have substantial followings in other nations.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ Kobe Bean Bryant (born August 23, 1978) is an American retired professional basketball player and businessman.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ He played his entire 20-year career with the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ He entered the NBA directly from high school and won five NBA championships with the Lakers.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ Bryant is an 18-time All-Star, 15-time member of the All-NBA Team, and 12-time member of the All-Defensive team.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ He led the NBA in scoring during two seasons, and ranks third on the league's all-time regular season scoring and fourth on the all-time postseason scoring list.", "Kobe Bryant __knowledge__ He holds the NBA record for the most seasons playing with one franchise for an entire career and is widely regarded as one of the greatest basketball players of all time.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ The many sports played and followed in Ireland include Gaelic games (mainly Gaelic football, hurling and camogie), horse racing, show jumping, greyhound racing, basketball, fishing, handball, motor sport, MMA, boxing, target shooting and tennis.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ Hockey, golf, rowing, cricket, rugby union and Olympic target shooting are organised in an all-island basis, with a single team representing the whole of Ireland in international competitions.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ Other sports, such as soccer and netball, have separate organizing bodies in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ As Northern Ireland is a constitute nation of the United Kingdom it also sends a Northern Ireland Team to the Commonwealth Games.", "NFL Rush Zone __knowledge__ NFL Rush Zone is an American action-adventure animated television series.", "NFL Rush Zone __knowledge__ In Season 1, the show centers on an 11-year-old football fan named Ish, who learns he must protect shards of a power source called \"The Core\", hidden at 32 NFL stadiums.", "NFL Rush Zone __knowledge__ A television movie closed the first season on February 5, 2011.", "NFL Rush Zone __knowledge__ Nickelodeon announced a second season (titled NFL Rush Zone: Season of the Guardians) on September 6, 2012; it premiered on November 30, 2012.", "NFL Rush Zone __knowledge__ Nickelodeon announced a third season (titled NFL Rush Zone: Guardians Unleashed) on July 11, 2013; it premiered on November 20, 2013 and ended on October 22, 2014.", "Sports in Canada __knowledge__ Sports in Canada consist of a wide variety of games.", "Sports in Canada __knowledge__ The most common sports are ice hockey, lacrosse, football, soccer, basketball, curling and baseball, with ice hockey and lacrosse being the official winter and summer sports, respectively.", "Sports in Canada __knowledge__ Ice hockey, referred to as simply \"hockey\", is Canada's most prevalent winter sport, its most popular spectator sport, and its most successful sport in international competition.", "Sports in Canada __knowledge__ It is Canada's official national winter sport.", "Sports in Canada __knowledge__ Lacrosse, a sport with Indigenous origins, is Canada's oldest and official summer sport.", "Sports in Canada __knowledge__ Canadian football is Canada's second most popular spectator sport, being the most popular in the prairie provinces.", "Sports game __knowledge__ A sports game is a video game that simulates the practice of sports.", "Sports game __knowledge__ Most sports have been recreated with a game, including team sports, track and field, extreme sports and combat sports.", "Sports game __knowledge__ Some games emphasize actually playing the sport (such as the \"Madden NFL\" series), whilst others emphasize strategy and sport management (such as \"Championship Manager\" and \"Out of the Park Baseball\").", "Sports game __knowledge__ Some, such as \"Need for Speed\", \"Arch Rivals\" and \"Punch-Out!!", "Sports game __knowledge__ \", satirize the sport for comic effect.", "Sports game __knowledge__ This genre has been popular throughout the history of video games and is competitive, just like real-world sports." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.", "Association football __knowledge__ It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies, making it the world's most popular sport.", "Association football __knowledge__ The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.", "Association football __knowledge__ The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal.", "Association football __knowledge__ Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers (and then only when within their penalty area).", "Association football __knowledge__ Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use any part of their body except the hands and the arms.", "Association football __knowledge__ The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.", "Association football __knowledge__ If the score is level at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition.", "Association football __knowledge__ The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863.", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; ), which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years.", "Winning streak (sports) __knowledge__ In sports, a winning streak is a consecutive sequence of won games, or won competitions.", "Winning streak (sports) __knowledge__ It can be applied to teams in team sports, and individuals in individual sports.", "Winning streak (sports) __knowledge__ In sports where teams or individuals represent groups such as countries or regions, those groups can also be said to have 'winning streaks' if their representatives win consecutive games or competitions, even if the competitors are different.", "Winning streak (sports) __knowledge__ Streaks can also be applied to specific competitions: for example a competitor who wins an event in three consecutive Olympic Games has an Olympic winning streak, even if they have lost other competitions during the period.", "New World Order (conspiracy theory) __knowledge__ The New World Order or NWO is claimed to be an emerging clandestine totalitarian world government by various conspiracy theories.", "New World Order (conspiracy theory) __knowledge__ The common theme in conspiracy theories about a New World Order is that a secretive power elite with a globalist agenda is conspiring to eventually rule the world through an authoritarian world government—which will replace sovereign nation-states—and an all-encompassing propaganda whose ideology hails the establishment of the New World Order as the culmination of history's progress.", "New World Order (conspiracy theory) __knowledge__ Many influential historical and contemporary figures have therefore been purported to be part of a cabal that operates through many front organizations to orchestrate significant political and financial events, ranging from causing systemic crises to pushing through controversial policies, at both national and international levels, as steps in an ongoing plot to achieve world domination.", "World Series __knowledge__ The World Series is the annual championship series of Major League Baseball (MLB) in North America, contested since 1903 between the American League (AL) champion team and the National League (NL) champion team.", "World Series __knowledge__ The winner of the World Series championship is determined through a best-of-seven playoff, and the winning team is awarded the Commissioner's Trophy.", "World Series __knowledge__ As the series is played during the fall season in North America, it is sometimes referred to as the Fall Classic.", "World Series __knowledge__ Prior to 1969, the team with the best regular season win-loss record in each league automatically advanced to the World Series; since then each league has conducted a championship series (ALCS and NLCS) preceding the World Series to determine which teams will advance.", "List of Digimon Adventure characters __knowledge__ \"Digimon Adventure\" and \"Digimon Adventure 02\" are the first two seasons of the Digimon anime series.", "List of Digimon Adventure characters __knowledge__ \"Digimon Adventure\" originally aired from March 7, 1999 – March 26, 2000 whilst \"Digimon Adventure 02\" originally aired from April 2, 2000 – March 25, 2001 as a direct sequel to the preceding series.", "List of Digimon Adventure characters __knowledge__ Both series feature a variety of different characters but mostly centre upon \"The DigiDestined\", a group of children and their partner Digimon who have been chosen to protect the Digital World from various forces of evil.", "List of Digimon Adventure characters __knowledge__ A sequel 6-part movie series titled \"Digimon Adventure tri.\"", "List of Digimon Adventure characters __knowledge__ started airing in November 2015. are a group of children and their partner Digimon who have been chosen to protect the Digital World from various forces of evil.", "Part of Your World __knowledge__ \"Part of Your World\" is a song written by lyricist Howard Ashman and composer Alan Menken for Walt Disney Pictures' 28th animated feature film \"The Little Mermaid\" (1989).", "Part of Your World __knowledge__ Performed by American actress and singer Jodi Benson in the titular role as Ariel, a mermaid princess, \"Part of Your World\" is a power ballad in which the main character expresses her strong desire to become human; its lyrics use placeholder names in lieu of several human-related terms that would be unfamiliar to a mermaid.", "Part of Your World __knowledge__ The film's theme song, \"Part of Your World\" is reprised by Ariel after she rescues Eric, a human prince with whom she has fallen in love, from drowning.", "Ski flying __knowledge__ Ski flying is a winter sport discipline derived from ski jumping, in which much greater distances can be achieved.", "Ski flying __knowledge__ It is a form of competitive Nordic skiing where athletes descend individually at very fast speeds along a specially built takeoff ramp using skis only; jump from the end of it with as much power as they can generate; then glide – or 'fly' – as far as possible down a steeply sloped hill; and ultimately land within a target zone in a stable manner.", "Ski flying __knowledge__ Points are awarded for distance and stylistic merit by five judges, and events are governed by the International Ski Federation (FIS).", "Ski flying __knowledge__ The rules and scoring in ski flying are mostly the same as they are in ski jumping, and events under the discipline are usually contested as part of the Ski Jumping World Cup season, but the hills (of which there are only five remaining, all in Europe) are constructed to a different standard in order to enable jumps of up to 66% longer in distance.", "International figure skating __knowledge__ Figure skating is a sport with participants across the world.", "International figure skating __knowledge__ Originally based in North America and Europe, the sport has experienced a major expansion in the countries of East Asia.", "International figure skating __knowledge__ The international governing body of the sport is the International Skating Union (ISU).", "International figure skating __knowledge__ Only those nations which are members of the International Skating Union are allowed to compete in the figure skating events in the Olympic Games.", "International figure skating __knowledge__ Some countries within Asia are listed here if they may compete at the European Championships.", "International figure skating __knowledge__ Brisbane hosted the World Junior Championships in 1988 and 1996.", "International figure skating __knowledge__ Stephanie Zhang (ladies' bronze, 2000) and Ekaterina Alexandrovskaya / Harley Windsor (pairs gold in 2016) have won ISU Junior Grand Prix medals for Australia.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ Soccer in the United States is governed by the United States Soccer Federation.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ The organization governs most levels of soccer in the country, including the national teams, professional leagues, and the amateur game with the exception of colleges and high schools.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ , over 24.4 million people play soccer in the United States.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ In 2012, the U.S. Census Bureau reported that soccer was the third-most played team sport in the U.S., behind only basketball and baseball.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ The popularity of the sport in the U.S. has been growing since the 1960s and 1970s, and received a significant boost when the United States hosted the 1994 FIFA World Cup and 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Sports in the United States are an important part of the country's culture.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Based on revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United States are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Major League Soccer is sometimes included in a \"top five\" of leagues of the country.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ All four enjoy wide-ranging domestic media coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their respective sports in the world, although only basketball, baseball, and ice hockey have substantial followings in other nations.", "Gracie (film) __knowledge__ Gracie is a 2007 American historical sports drama film directed by Davis Guggenheim.", "Gracie (film) __knowledge__ It stars Carly Schroeder as Gracie Bowen, Dermot Mulroney as Bryan Bowen, Elisabeth Shue as Lindsay Bowen, Jesse Lee Soffer as Johnny Bowen, and Andrew Shue as Coach Owen Clark.", "Gracie (film) __knowledge__ \"Gracie\" takes place in New Jersey, United States in 1978, before 1972's Title IX had taken much effect in women's college sports and when organized women's soccer was still very rare in the United States.", "Gracie (film) __knowledge__ \"Gracie,\" the film's central protagonist, overcomes the loss of her brother by convincing her family and school to allow her to play varsity soccer on an all-boys team.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ Chengdu (), formerly romanized as Chengtu, is a sub-provincial city which serves as the capital of China's Sichuan province.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ It is one of the three most populous cities in Western China (the other two are Chongqing and Xi'an).", "Chengdu __knowledge__ , the administrative area houses 14,427,500 inhabitants, with an urban population of 10,152,632.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ At the time of the 2010 census, Chengdu was the 5th-most populous agglomeration in China, with 10,484,996 inhabitants in the built-up area including Xinjin County and Deyang's Guanghan City.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ The surrounding Chengdu Plain is also known as the \"Country of Heaven\" () and the \"Land of Abundance\".", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ Human overpopulation (or population overshoot) occurs when the ecological footprint of a human population in a specific geographical location exceeds the carrying capacity of the place occupied by that group.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ Overpopulation can further be viewed, in a long term perspective, as existing if a population cannot be maintained given the rapid depletion of non-renewable resources or given the degradation of the capacity of the environment to give support to the population.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ Changes in lifestyle could reverse overpopulated status without a large population reduction.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ The term \"human overpopulation\" refers to the relationship between the entire human population and its environment: the Earth, or to smaller geographical areas such as countries.", "Ontario Soccer Association __knowledge__ The Ontario Soccer Association, founded in 1901, is one of the oldest and largest sport organizations in Canada.", "Ontario Soccer Association __knowledge__ The OSA currently has more than 500,000 registered participants and provides development opportunities for players, coaches, referees, and administrators.", "Ontario Soccer Association __knowledge__ The OSA has its headquarters at The Ontario Soccer Centre in Vaughan.", "Ontario Soccer Association __knowledge__ The OSA has 21 member District Associations (\"Districts\").", "Ontario Soccer Association __knowledge__ Each of these Districts has many Clubs as member organizations and there are approximately 900 Clubs province-wide.", "Ontario Soccer Association __knowledge__ Leagues are also member organizations and can appear at any level of the organizations hierarchy.", "Food security __knowledge__ Food security is a condition related to the supply of food, and individuals' access to it.", "Food security __knowledge__ There is evidence of granaries being in use over 10,000 years ago, with central authorities in civilizations including ancient China and ancient Egypt being known to release food from storage in times of famine.", "Food security __knowledge__ At the 1974 World Food Conference the term \"food security\" was defined with an emphasis on supply.", "Food security __knowledge__ Food security, they said, is the \"availability at all times of adequate world food supplies of basic foodstuffs to sustain a steady expansion of food consumption and to offset fluctuations in production and prices\"." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 2 ]

[ "I got a scholarship to play soccer. It is my favorite team sport.", "Can you believe 250 million people play soccer.", "Yes, and people play in over 200 countries," ]

[ "Association football", "Association football", "Association football" ]

[ "IPhone\nI love my iPhone, I don't know if I could switch to another brand now.", "My girls still have a 5, but I recently was gifted an 8 for my birthday. It's so much bigger than my 5 but I love it.", "I think the girls will get new ones for Christmas, not sure which one yet - but they are honestly so pricey!!", "Well, they've both managed not to break the 5s and I think they've had them for about 3 years now, so not too bad! But I'd thought of buying them Samsungs.", "I know - and it was kinda big, then they got really small, and now we are back to being big again." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Other functionality, such as video games, reference works, and social networking, can be enabled by downloading mobile apps.", "IPhone __knowledge__ , Apple's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Apple has released eleven generations of iPhone models, each accompanied by one of the eleven major releases of the iOS operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The original first-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents, such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations.", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ A touchpoint can be defined as any way a consumer can interact with a business, whether it be person-to-person, through a website, an app or any form of communication (“Touchpoint Glossary”, n.d.).", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ When consumers come in contact with these touchpoints it gives them the opportunity to compare their prior perceptions of the business and form an opinion (Stein, & Ramaseshan, 2016).", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ Touchpoints in marketing communications are the varying ways that a brand interacts and displays information to prospective customers and current customers.", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ Touchpoints allow customers to have experiences every time they “touch’ any part of the product, service, brand or organization, across multiple channels and various points in time (Pantano and Milena, 2015 and Zomerdijk and Voss, 2010).", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ The iPhone 4 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ Following a number of notable leaks, the iPhone 4 was first unveiled on June 7, 2010, at Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco, and was released on June 24, 2010, in the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany and Japan.", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ It is the 4th generation of iPhone, succeeding the 3GS and preceding the 4S.", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ The iPhone 4 introduced a new hardware design to the iPhone family, which Apple's CEO Steve Jobs touted as the thinnest smartphone in the world at the time; it consisted of a stainless steel frame which doubles as an antenna, with internal components situated between aluminosilicate glass.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The devices are part of the iPhone series and were announced on September 9, 2014, and released on September 19, 2014.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus jointly serve as successors to the iPhone 5S and were themselves replaced as flagship devices of the iPhone series by the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus on September 9, 2015.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus include larger displays, a faster processor, upgraded cameras, improved LTE and Wi-Fi connectivity and support for a near field communications-based mobile payments offering.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ The iPhone 4S (retroactively stylized with a lowercase 's' as iPhone 4s as of September 2013) is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ It is the fifth generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 4 and preceding the iPhone 5.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ Announced on October 4, 2011 at Apple's Cupertino campus, its media coverage was accompanied by news of the death of former Apple CEO and co-founder Steve Jobs on the following day.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ Orders could be placed on October 7, 2011 and mainstream availability in retail stores began on October 14, 2011 in the United States, Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Japan.", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ The history of iPhone began with a request from Apple Inc. CEO Steve Jobs to the company's engineers, asking them to investigate the use of touchscreen devices and tablet computers (which later came to fruition with the iPad).", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ Many have noted the device's similarities to Apple's previous touch-screen portable device, the Newton MessagePad.", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ Like the Newton, the iPhone is nearly all screen.", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ Its form factor is credited to Apple's Chief Design Officer, Jonathan Ive.", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ In April 2003, at the \"All Things Digital\" executive conference, Jobs expressed his belief that tablet PCs and traditional PDAs were not good choices as high-demand markets for Apple to enter, despite receiving many requests for Apple to create another PDA.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, or Xcode." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Other functionality, such as video games, reference works, and social networking, can be enabled by downloading mobile apps.", "IPhone __knowledge__ , Apple's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Apple has released eleven generations of iPhone models, each accompanied by one of the eleven major releases of the iOS operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The original first-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents, such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations.", "Bass Pro Shops __knowledge__ BPS Direct, LLC (doing business as Bass Pro Shops) is an American privately held retailer of hunting, fishing, camping and related outdoor recreation merchandise.", "Bass Pro Shops __knowledge__ Bass Pro Shops supports and sells merchandise for the National Audubon Society.", "Bass Pro Shops __knowledge__ The majority owner, John Morris, began his career in sporting goods with a fishing section in the back of a Brown Derby liquor store owned by his father, located in Springfield MO on the road to Table Rock Lake and Branson, Missouri.", "Bass Pro Shops __knowledge__ That small fishing department sold homemade bait and worms, proving popular enough that Bass Pro Shops was incorporated in 1971.", "Memphis Pyramid __knowledge__ The Memphis Pyramid, initially known as the Great American Pyramid, formerly referred to as the Pyramid Arena and locally referred to as The Pyramid, was originally built as a 20,142-seat arena located in downtown Memphis, in the U.S. state of Tennessee, at the banks of the Mississippi River.", "Memphis Pyramid __knowledge__ The facility was built in 1991 and was originally owned and operated jointly by the city of Memphis and Shelby County; Shelby County sold its share to Memphis in April 2009.", "Memphis Pyramid __knowledge__ Its structure plays on the city's namesake in Egypt, known for its ancient pyramids.", "Memphis Pyramid __knowledge__ It is (about 32 stories) tall and has base sides of ; it is by some measures the tenth-tallest pyramid in the world.", "Gifted education __knowledge__ Gifted education (also known as Gifted and Talented Education (GATE), Talented and Gifted (TAG), or G/T) is a broad term for special practices, procedures, and theories used in the education of children who have been identified as gifted or talented.", "Gifted education __knowledge__ The main approaches to gifted education are enrichment and acceleration.", "Gifted education __knowledge__ An enrichment program teaches additional, related material, but keeps the student progressing through the curriculum at the same rate.", "Gifted education __knowledge__ For example, after the gifted students have completed the normal work in the curriculum, an enrichment program might provide them with additional details about a subject in the curriculum.", "List of American Pie characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the film series \"American Pie\" consisting of \"American Pie\" (1999), \"American Pie 2\" (2001), \"American Wedding\" (2003), \"\" (2005), \"\" (2006), \"\" (2007), \"\" (2009), and \"American Reunion\" (2012).", "List of American Pie characters __knowledge__ Only one character, Noah Levenstein played by Eugene Levy, has appeared in all eight released films.", "List of American Pie characters __knowledge__ Biggs, Hannigan, Scott, Nicholas, Thomas, Coolidge, Cho, Isfield, Cheek, and Owen all play their characters in four films each; other characters appear in fewer films.", "List of American Pie characters __knowledge__ Noah Levenstein, also known as \"Jim's dad\", is the only character to appear in all eight films to date.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from the British comedy-drama Shameless, created by Paul Abbott, which began broadcasting on Channel 4 in 2004.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The programme is set on the fictinal Chatsworth Estate in suburban Manchester and the surrounding area, and primarily follows the lives of the Gallagher family and the neighbouring Maguire family, and their friends and neighbours in the town's shops and local pub The Jockey.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The first series focuses on layabout Frank Gallagher and the lives of his six children, Fiona and boyfriend Steve, Lip, Ian, Carl, Debbie and Liam, and next-door neighbours, Kev and Veronica.", "Richard Childress Racing __knowledge__ RCR Enterprises, LLC, doing business as Richard Childress Racing, is an American professional stock car racing team that currently competes in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, and the Xfinity Series.", "Richard Childress Racing __knowledge__ The team is based in Welcome, North Carolina, and is owned and operated by former driver Richard Childress.", "Richard Childress Racing __knowledge__ In the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the team currently fields the No.", "Richard Childress Racing __knowledge__ 3 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 full-time for Austin Dillon and the No.", "Richard Childress Racing __knowledge__ 31 Camaro ZL1 full-time for Ryan Newman.", "Richard Childress Racing __knowledge__ In addition to its in-house Cup Series teams, RCR has technical alliances with four other Cup Series teams: the No.", "Cabela's __knowledge__ Cabela's Inc. is an American direct marketer and specialty retailer of hunting, fishing, boating, camping, shooting, and related outdoor recreation merchandise, based in Sidney, Nebraska.", "Cabela's __knowledge__ The company was founded by Richard N. Cabela in 1961 and went public in 2004, with that fiscal year's revenue reaching $1.56 billion, a 50% growth since 2001.", "Cabela's __knowledge__ Its direct marketing operation is one of the largest in the United States.", "Cabela's __knowledge__ Cabela's mail-order catalogs are shipped to 50 states and 120 countries.", "Cabela's __knowledge__ More than 120 million catalogs were mailed in its first year as a public company.", "Cabela's __knowledge__ It also has \"Trophy Properties LLC\" (a real estate market), the \"Gun Library\" (for buying and selling new, used, and collectible firearms), and World's Foremost Bank (the issuer of Cabela's Club Visa credit cards).", "IOS version history __knowledge__ iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the-air software updates.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, or Xcode.", "IPhone 5C __knowledge__ The iPhone 5C (marketed with a stylized lowercase 'c' as iPhone 5c) is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 5C __knowledge__ The device was part of the iPhone series and was unveiled on September 10, 2013, and released on September 20, 2013, along with its higher-end counterpart, the iPhone 5S.", "IPhone 5C __knowledge__ The \"c\" in the phone's name stood for \"color\".", "IPhone 5C __knowledge__ The iPhone 5C is a variant of the iPhone 5, with similar hardware specifications but a hard-coated polycarbonate shell instead of the aluminium of the original iPhone 5.", "IPhone 5C __knowledge__ The iPhone 5C was available in several color options, and shipped with iOS 7.", "IPhone 5C __knowledge__ The iPhone 5C was sold at a discounted price point in comparison to the 5S: unlike Apple's prior practice of lowering the price of the previous model upon release of a new version, the iPhone 5 was explicitly discontinued and replaced by the 5C.", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ The history of iPhone began with a request from Apple Inc. CEO Steve Jobs to the company's engineers, asking them to investigate the use of touchscreen devices and tablet computers (which later came to fruition with the iPad).", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ Many have noted the device's similarities to Apple's previous touch-screen portable device, the Newton MessagePad.", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ Like the Newton, the iPhone is nearly all screen.", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ Its form factor is credited to Apple's Chief Design Officer, Jonathan Ive.", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ In April 2003, at the \"All Things Digital\" executive conference, Jobs expressed his belief that tablet PCs and traditional PDAs were not good choices as high-demand markets for Apple to enter, despite receiving many requests for Apple to create another PDA.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ The iPhone 4S (retroactively stylized with a lowercase 's' as iPhone 4s as of September 2013) is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ It is the fifth generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 4 and preceding the iPhone 5.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ Announced on October 4, 2011 at Apple's Cupertino campus, its media coverage was accompanied by news of the death of former Apple CEO and co-founder Steve Jobs on the following day.", "IPhone 4S __knowledge__ Orders could be placed on October 7, 2011 and mainstream availability in retail stores began on October 14, 2011 in the United States, Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Japan." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Other functionality, such as video games, reference works, and social networking, can be enabled by downloading mobile apps.", "IPhone __knowledge__ , Apple's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Apple has released eleven generations of iPhone models, each accompanied by one of the eleven major releases of the iOS operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The original first-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents, such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The 2010 \"Tonight Show\" conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ Leno, the host of long-running franchise \"The Tonight Show\" since 1992, and O'Brien, host of \"Late Night\" since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for the network for much of the decade.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ When O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, when they informed him he would remain host for five more years and then transition the show to O'Brien in 2009.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" is an American comedy-drama series that aired on ABC (American Broadcasting Company).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ It focuses on the residents living on the fictional Wisteria Lane as narrated by their deceased neighbor, Mary Alice Young (Brenda Strong).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ Specifically, the series follows four protagonists and Mary Alice's friends, Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher), Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman), Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross), and Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" features an ensemble cast, which also includes the women's husbands, children, love interests, neighbors, and other acquaintances.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The devices are part of the iPhone series and were announced on September 9, 2014, and released on September 19, 2014.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus jointly serve as successors to the iPhone 5S and were themselves replaced as flagship devices of the iPhone series by the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus on September 9, 2015.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus include larger displays, a faster processor, upgraded cameras, improved LTE and Wi-Fi connectivity and support for a near field communications-based mobile payments offering.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, or Xcode.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The iPhone 5S is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. Part of the iPhone series, the device was unveiled on September 10, 2013, at Apple's Cupertino headquarters.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ It was released on September 20, 2013, along with its lower-cost counterpart, the iPhone 5c.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The iPhone 5S maintains almost the same external design as its predecessor, the iPhone 5, although the 5S received a new white/gold color scheme in addition to white/silver and space gray/black, however the 5S has vastly upgraded internal hardware.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The 5S introduced the A7 64-bit dual-core system-on-chip, the first 64-bit processor to be used on a smartphone, accompanied by the M7 \"motion co-processor\".", "IPhone 7 __knowledge__ iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 7 __knowledge__ They were announced on September 7, 2016, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, and were released on September 16, 2016, succeeding the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus as the flagship devices in the iPhone series.", "IPhone 7 __knowledge__ Apple also released the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus in numerous countries worldwide throughout September and October 2016.", "IPhone 7 __knowledge__ They were succeeded as flagship devices by the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus on September 22, 2017, and the iPhone X on November 3, 2017.", "IPhone 7 __knowledge__ The iPhone 7's overall design is similar to the iPhone 6S, but introduces new color options, water and dust resistance, a new capacitive, static home button, and removes the 3.5 mm headphone jack.", "IPhone 6S __knowledge__ iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus (stylized and marketed as iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus) are smartphones designed, developed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 6S __knowledge__ They were announced on September 9, 2015, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, with pre-orders beginning September 12 and official release on September 25, 2015.", "IPhone 6S __knowledge__ The iPhone 6S and 6S Plus were succeeded by the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus in September 2016.", "IPhone 6S __knowledge__ The iPhone 6S has a similar design to the iPhone 6 but includes updated hardware, including a strengthened chassis and upgraded system-on-chip, a 12-megapixel camera, improved fingerprint recognition sensor, and LTE Advanced support.", "IPhone SE __knowledge__ The iPhone SE is a smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc. as part of the iPhone series of devices.", "IPhone SE __knowledge__ It was unveiled on March 21, 2016, at Apple's Cupertino headquarters, and was released on March 31, 2016.", "IPhone SE __knowledge__ Despite chronologically succeeding the iPhone 6 family's launch, the iPhone SE serves as a successor of the .", "IPhone SE __knowledge__ It maintains the 4-inch screen size and largely identical design to the 5S, but includes selected hardware upgrades from the larger iPhone 6S model, including its updated processor, rear camera, and support for iOS 10 and iOS 11 software features, such as Apple Pay, always-on Siri activation, and Live Photos." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Other functionality, such as video games, reference works, and social networking, can be enabled by downloading mobile apps.", "IPhone __knowledge__ , Apple's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Apple has released eleven generations of iPhone models, each accompanied by one of the eleven major releases of the iOS operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The original first-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents, such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The iPhone 5S is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. Part of the iPhone series, the device was unveiled on September 10, 2013, at Apple's Cupertino headquarters.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ It was released on September 20, 2013, along with its lower-cost counterpart, the iPhone 5c.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The iPhone 5S maintains almost the same external design as its predecessor, the iPhone 5, although the 5S received a new white/gold color scheme in addition to white/silver and space gray/black, however the 5S has vastly upgraded internal hardware.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The 5S introduced the A7 64-bit dual-core system-on-chip, the first 64-bit processor to be used on a smartphone, accompanied by the M7 \"motion co-processor\".", "Northrop F-5 __knowledge__ The Northrop F-5A and F-5B Freedom Fighter and the F-5E and F-5F Tiger II are part of a supersonic light fighter family, initially designed in the late 1950s by Northrop Corporation.", "Northrop F-5 __knowledge__ Being smaller and simpler than contemporaries such as the McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II, the F-5 cost less to both procure and operate, making it a popular export aircraft.", "Northrop F-5 __knowledge__ The F-5 started life as a privately funded light fighter program by Northrop in the 1950s.", "Northrop F-5 __knowledge__ The design team wrapped a small, highly aerodynamic fighter around two compact and high-thrust General Electric J85 engines, focusing on performance and low cost of maintenance.", "5S ribosomal RNA __knowledge__ The 5S ribosomal RNA (5S rRNA) is an approximately 120 nucleotide-long ribosomal RNA molecule with a mass of 40 kDa.", "5S ribosomal RNA __knowledge__ It is a structural and functional component of the large subunit of the ribosome in all domains of life (bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes), with the exception of mitochondrial ribosomes of fungi and animals.", "5S ribosomal RNA __knowledge__ The designation 5S refers to the molecule's sedimentation velocity in an ultracentrifuge, which is measured in Svedberg units (S).", "5S ribosomal RNA __knowledge__ In prokaryotes, the 5S rRNA gene is typically located in rRNA operons downstream of the small and large subunit rRNA, and co-transcribed into a polycistronic precursor.", "New York State Route 5S __knowledge__ New York State Route 5S (NY 5S) is an east–west state highway located in the Mohawk Valley of New York in the United States.", "New York State Route 5S __knowledge__ It extends for from an interchange with NY 5, NY 5A, NY 8, and NY 12 in Utica to a smaller interchange with NY 890 in Rotterdam.", "New York State Route 5S __knowledge__ The route runs along the south side of the Mohawk River for its entire length and parallels NY 5, which runs along the north side of the Mohawk River (hence the \"S\" in the route number of NY 5S).", "New York State Route 5S __knowledge__ In some locations, NY 5S has been upgraded into a super two or an expressway, mostly in Utica and western Herkimer County.", "New York State Route 5S __knowledge__ The route is part of New York State Bicycle Route 5 west of its junction with NY 103 in Schenectady County.", "Dale Earnhardt Jr. __knowledge__ Ralph Dale Earnhardt Jr. (born October 10, 1974), known professionally as Dale Earnhardt Jr., Dale Jr., or just Junior, is a retired American professional stock car racing driver, team owner, and is currently an analyst for \"NASCAR on NBC\".", "Dale Earnhardt Jr. __knowledge__ He also competes part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series driving the No.", "Dale Earnhardt Jr. __knowledge__ 88 Chevrolet Camaro for his team JR Motorsports.", "Dale Earnhardt Jr. __knowledge__ He is the son of NASCAR Hall of Fame member Dale Earnhardt Sr.", "Dale Earnhardt Jr. __knowledge__ He is also the grandson of both NASCAR driver Ralph Earnhardt and stock car fabricator Robert Gee, the brother of Kelley Earnhardt-Miller, the half-brother of former driver Kerry Earnhardt, the uncle of driver Jeffrey Earnhardt, the stepson of Teresa Earnhardt, and the older half-brother of Taylor Nicole Earnhardt-Putnam.", "Toyota S engine __knowledge__ The Toyota S Series engines are a family of straight-4 engines with displacement from 1.8 L to 2.2 L produced by Toyota Motor Corporation from January 1980 to August 2007.", "Toyota S engine __knowledge__ The series has cast iron engine blocks and alloy cylinder heads.", "Toyota S engine __knowledge__ The 1S is the first version of the S-series engine.", "Toyota S engine __knowledge__ It is a member of Toyota's \"Lasre\" engine family (\"Lightweight Advanced Super Response Engine\").", "Toyota S engine __knowledge__ Bore and stroke are 80.5 x 90.0 mm.", "Toyota S engine __knowledge__ The engine was first seen in 1981, and was fitted to a wide range of Toyotas, in both RWD and FWD applications.", "Toyota S engine __knowledge__ Original \"1S\" engine, designed for longitudinal, rear-wheel-drive applications.", "Tiny Mix Tapes __knowledge__ Tiny Mix Tapes (also TMT or tinymixtapes) is an online music and film webzine that focuses primarily on new music and related news.", "Tiny Mix Tapes __knowledge__ In addition to its reviews, it is noted for its subversive, political, and sometimes surreal news, as well as its mixtape generator.", "Tiny Mix Tapes __knowledge__ Originally called Tiny Mixtapes Gone to Heaven and hosted on GeoCities, the webzine moved to its current domain in 2001.", "Tiny Mix Tapes __knowledge__ \"Tiny Mix Tapes\" is a featured reviewer on Metacritic.", "Tiny Mix Tapes __knowledge__ The writing staff is composed of volunteers who often use pen names (such as Wolfman, Mango Starr, Chizzly St. Claw, and Filmore Mescalito Holmes).", "Tiny Mix Tapes __knowledge__ The co-founder and editor-in-chief is Minneapolis-resident Marvin Lin (who writes under the name Mr. P).", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ It has aired since 2013 and is currently airing the fifth series.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005, and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Faith Davis is a resident of Elm Tree House and Ashdene Ridge during the first two series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Leanne Dunstan.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Charm School with Ricki Lake is the third and final season of the VH1 reality television series \"Charm School\".", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Fourteen contestants from \"Rock of Love Bus with Bret Michaels\" and \"Real Chance of Love\" must change their old ways and learn improvement through acts of charity work.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Ricki Lake is the headmistress of the Charm School, and is assisted by deans Alani \"La La\" Vazquez and Stryker.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Ebony Jones (Risky) was ultimately named Charm School Queen and was awarded the $100,000.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ \"First Aired May 11, 2009 This season of \"Charm School\" opens with fourteen women from \"Rock of Love Bus\" and \"Real Chance of Love\" on a bus traveling to meet their headmistress, Ricki Lake.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ The political positions of Mitt Romney have been recorded from his 1994 U.S. senatorial campaign, the 2002 gubernatorial election, during his 2003–2007 governorship, during his 2008 U.S. presidential campaign, in his 2010 book \"\", and during his 2012 U.S. presidential campaign.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ Some of these political positions have changed, while others have remained unchanged.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In his 1994 Senate campaign, Romney called for the \"virtual elimination\" of the federal Department of Agriculture and for reductions in farm subsidies.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In 2007, when questioned about these views, a Romney for President Iowa campaign spokesman responded: \"Governor Romney believes that investing in agriculture is key to our economy and families.\"", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters who first appeared or were due to appear in the British Channel 4 soap opera \"Hollyoaks\" during 2011, listed in order of their first appearance.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ In January 2011, it was announced that Gareth Philips would be taking over the role of series producer from Paul Marquess, who had been with the show for one year.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ Ruby Button, played by Anna Shaffer, is the younger sister of Duncan Button (Dean Aspen).", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ She made her first on-screen appearance on 3 January 2011.", "List of Hollyoaks characters (2011) __knowledge__ In December 2010, the \"Liverpool Echo\" announced that eighteen-year-old Shaffer would be joining the cast as Ruby.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon Anne Mitchell (also Watts and Rickman) is a fictional character from the BBC One soap opera \"EastEnders\", played by Letitia Dean.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon is one of \"EastEnders\" original characters, appearing in the first episode broadcast on 19 February 1985.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ The character was conceptualised by Tony Holland and Julia Smith, the creators of \"EastEnders\".", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon was a teenager when the programme began: the adoptive daughter of Den and Angie Watts.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon remained a prominent character into the 1990s due to romantic pairings with brothers Grant (Ross Kemp) and Phil Mitchell (Steve McFadden).", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ In a long-running storyline dubbed \"Sharongate\", Sharon, married to Grant, has an affair with Phil.", "Carla Connor __knowledge__ Carla Connor (also Gordon and Barlow) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera, \"Coronation Street\", played by Alison King.", "Carla Connor __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on screen during the episode airing on 1 December 2006.", "Carla Connor __knowledge__ Carla has been referred to as \"the new Elsie Tanner\".", "Carla Connor __knowledge__ This was King's second role in the soap as she previously played Mrs. Fanshaw for one episode in 2004.", "Carla Connor __knowledge__ King was off-screen from February 2009 until October 2009 due to her maternity leave.", "Carla Connor __knowledge__ In May 2012 King announced she would be temporarily departing, her departure scenes aired on 16 July 2012 and her return scenes aired on 10 December 2012." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Other functionality, such as video games, reference works, and social networking, can be enabled by downloading mobile apps.", "IPhone __knowledge__ , Apple's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Apple has released eleven generations of iPhone models, each accompanied by one of the eleven major releases of the iOS operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The original first-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents, such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the animated series \"Kim Possible\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kimberly Ann \"Kim\" Possible is a crime fighter and high school cheerleading captain who saves the world on a regular basis while dealing with the normal challenges of being a teenager, such as winning cheer competitions, turning in her homework on time, and maintaining a love life.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Her name is a play on the word \"impossible.\"", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kim has known Ron Stoppable, her sidekick for most missions, since preschool.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ She has also completed missions with Wade, Monique, her brothers, and even her mother.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ In season four, Kim and Ron end up developing romantic feelings for each other and begin dating during their senior year.", "Big Brother 7 (Albania) __knowledge__ Big Brother 7 (Albania) was the seventh season of the Albanian series of the worldwide franchise of \"Big Brother\".", "Big Brother 7 (Albania) __knowledge__ It was based upon the Dutch series of the same name, which gained notoriety in 1999 and 2000.", "Big Brother 7 (Albania) __knowledge__ It started on February 21, 2014, on Top Channel and ended after ninety-nine days on May 30, 2014.", "Big Brother 7 (Albania) __knowledge__ The main host was Arbana Osmani, who returned for the seventh season in a row.", "Big Brother 7 (Albania) __knowledge__ The live eviction show this year moved to Fridays at 21:00 CET, while the Daily Recap show aired every day of the week in different schedules, also including a weekly recap on Sundays.", "Big Brother 7 (Albania) __knowledge__ was rumored to be the host of the spin-off show \"Big Brother Albania Fans' Club\" thus replacing Albana Osmani, but however in last minute changes, Albana Osmani returned for the third season in a row.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Disney/Pixar's \"Toy Story\" franchise which consists of the animated films \"Toy Story\" (1995), \"Toy Story 2\" (1999), and \"Toy Story 3\" (2010) and the animated short films.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Sheriff Woody Pride is a 1950s old traditional pull string cowboy doll, and Andy's favorite toy.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Appearing in all three \"Toy Story\" films, he usually acts as the leader of the gang.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ His rivalry with Buzz forms the basis of the plot of the first film.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 2\", he is stolen at a yard sale by a toy collector, causing the other toys to embark on a rescue mission.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 3\" he and the other toys are shipped to a daycare center.", "XTC __knowledge__ XTC were an English rock band formed in Swindon in 1972 and active until 2006.", "XTC __knowledge__ Led by songwriters Andy Partridge and Colin Moulding, the band gained popularity during the rise of punk and new wave in the 1970s, later playing in a variety of styles that ranged from angular guitar riffs to elaborately arranged pop.", "XTC __knowledge__ Partly because the group did not fit into contemporary trends, they failed to maintain commercial success in the UK and US.", "XTC __knowledge__ They have since attracted a considerable cult following, and are recognised for their influence on Britpop and later power pop acts.", "XTC __knowledge__ Partridge (guitar, vocals) and Moulding (bass, vocals) met at a record store in the early 1970s and subsequently formed a glitter rock outfit with drummer Terry Chambers.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Andrew Michael Reynolds (born June 6, 1978) is a professional street skateboarder.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ He is the co-founder and owner of Baker Skateboards; a part owner of Brigada Eyewear; a partner in Bakerboys Distribution (distributors of Baker Skateboards, Shake Junt, Deathwish Skateboards, Heroin Skateboards, Palace Skateboards, Hammers Skateboards, Death Lens, and Ashbury Eyewear), and head designer at Altamont Apparel.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Reynolds was a competitor in the 2014 Street League Skateboarding (SLS) contest series and finished with an overall ranking of 25.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ He first picked up a board when he was 9 years old.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Influenced by Powell videos at the time, Andrew began to skate jump ramps as well as wall rides.", "Losing My Edge __knowledge__ \"Losing My Edge\" is the debut single by American band LCD Soundsystem.", "Losing My Edge __knowledge__ It was released as a 12-inch single in July 2002, through DFA Records.", "Losing My Edge __knowledge__ It was later featured on the CD version of their eponymous debut studio album.", "Losing My Edge __knowledge__ \"Losing My Edge\" peaked at number 115 on the UK Singles Chart.", "Losing My Edge __knowledge__ It was also listed at number 13 on \"Pitchfork\"s Top 500 Songs of the 2000s list.", "Losing My Edge __knowledge__ In October 2011, \"NME\" placed it at number 40 on its \"150 Best Tracks of the Past 15 Years\" list.", "Losing My Edge __knowledge__ In an interview with the music site \"ireallylovemusic\", James Murphy (the leader of the group) explained his inspiration for the song: In another interview, Murphy elaborated further on the birth and the release of the song:So I started going to different types of things and meeting different people, and started throwing parties.", "Text messaging __knowledge__ Text messaging, or texting, is the act of composing and sending electronic messages, typically consisting of alphabetic and numeric characters, between two or more users of mobile phones, tablets, desktops/laptops, or other devices.", "Text messaging __knowledge__ Text messages may be sent over a cellular network, or may also be sent via an Internet connection.", "Text messaging __knowledge__ The term originally referred to messages sent using the Short Message Service (SMS).", "Text messaging __knowledge__ It has grown beyond alphanumeric text to include multimedia messages (known as MMS) containing digital images, videos, and sound content, as well as ideograms known as emoji (happy faces, sad faces, and other icons).", "Camera phone __knowledge__ A camera phone is a mobile phone which is able to capture photographs and often record video using one or more built-in digital cameras.", "Camera phone __knowledge__ The first camera phone was sold in 2000 in Japan, a Sharp J-SH04 J-Phone model, although some argue that the SCH-V200 and Kyocera VP-210 Visual Phone, both introduced months earlier in South Korea and Japan respectively, are the first camera phones.", "Camera phone __knowledge__ Most camera phones are simpler than separate digital cameras.", "Camera phone __knowledge__ Their usual fixed-focus lenses and smaller sensors limit their performance in poor lighting.", "Camera phone __knowledge__ Lacking a physical shutter, some have a long shutter lag.", "Camera phone __knowledge__ Photoflash is typically provided by an LED source which illuminates less intensely over a much longer exposure time than a bright and near-instantaneous flash strobe.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Digital camera __knowledge__ A digital camera or digicam is a camera that captures photographs in digital memory.", "Digital camera __knowledge__ Most cameras produced today are digital, and while there are still dedicated compact cameras on the market, the use of dedicated digital cameras is dwindling, as digital cameras are now incorporated into many devices ranging from mobile devices to vehicles.", "Digital camera __knowledge__ However, expensive, high-end, high-definition dedicated cameras are still commonly used by professionals.", "Digital camera __knowledge__ Digital and movie cameras share an optical system, typically using a lens with a variable diaphragm to focus light onto an image pickup device.", "Digital camera __knowledge__ The diaphragm and shutter admit the correct amount of light to the imager, just as with film but the image pickup device is electronic rather than chemical.", "Mobile phone __knowledge__ A mobile phone, known as a cell phone in North America, is a portable telephone that can make and receive calls over a radio frequency link while the user is moving within a telephone service area.", "Mobile phone __knowledge__ The radio frequency link establishes a connection to the switching systems of a mobile phone operator, which provides access to the public switched telephone network (PSTN).", "Mobile phone __knowledge__ Modern mobile telephone services use a cellular network architecture, and, therefore, mobile telephones are called \"cellular telephones\" or \"cell phones\", in North America.", "Mobile phone __knowledge__ In addition to telephony, 2000s-era mobile phones support a variety of other services, such as text messaging, MMS, email, Internet access, short-range wireless communications (infrared, Bluetooth), business applications, video games, and digital photography.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google, based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open source software and designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ In addition, Google has further developed Android TV for televisions, Android Auto for cars, and Android Wear for wrist watches, each with a specialized user interface.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Variants of Android are also used on game consoles, digital cameras, PCs and other electronics.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Initially developed by Android Inc., which Google bought in 2005, Android was unveiled in 2007, with the first commercial Android device launched in September 2008." ] ]

[ 3, 9, 0, 6, 0 ]

[ "I totally agree. I have had an iPhone since it was released in June 2007. I loved the first-generation so much when it first came out.", "It's hard to believe there have been eleven generations of iPhone models. I still have a 6s but plan to upgrade to the X soon. I love the 6s though and I've heard good things about the 8.", "They really are expensive. Kids are pretty rough on their phones too. Not sure how your girls are, but the kids in my family aren't very careful with them:)", "Samsung owners like their phones too, so that's not a bad idea. It's hard to believe that my first cell phone could not shoot video, take photos, play music, send email, browse the web...etc. It really amazes me how far phones have come.", "That's true! The X is much larger than my 6. I will have to get used to the size. " ]

[ "IPhone", "IPhone", "IPhone", "IPhone", "IPhone" ]

[ "Narcissus (plant)\nI like to plant in my aunts garden but I do not know anything about Narcissus... think you can help?", "Oh! And what colours do they come in?", "I would love one in pink! What else do you know about these beautiful creatures?", "Ohhhh and to which cause?", "interesting...thanks! ", "Six petals? And to think i thought it was only one! " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ Narcissus is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ Various common names including daffodil, daffadowndilly, narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ \"Narcissus\" has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The flowers are generally white or yellow (also orange or pink in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ \"Narcissus\" were well known in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his \"Species Plantarum\" (1753).", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The genus is generally considered to have about ten sections with approximately 50 species.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The number of species has varied, depending on how they are classified, due to similarity between species and hybridization.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The exact origin of the name \"Narcissus\" is unknown, but it is often linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youth of that name who fell in love with his own reflection.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "Narcissus in culture __knowledge__ Long celebrated in art and literature, narcissi (various common names include daffodil and jonquil) are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as symbols of Spring.", "Narcissus in culture __knowledge__ The daffodil is the national flower of Wales associated with St. David's Day.", "Narcissus in culture __knowledge__ In other cultures it many be associated with wealth, good fortune and beauty.", "Narcissus in culture __knowledge__ Because of the time that it flowers it is also a symbol of Spring, and associated religious festivals such as Easter, hence the use of Lent lily or in German, Easter bells, amongst its common names.", "Narcissus in culture __knowledge__ The appearance of the wild flowers in spring is also associated with festivals in many places.", "Taxonomy of Narcissus __knowledge__ The taxonomy of \"Narcissus\" is complex, and still not fully resolved.", "Taxonomy of Narcissus __knowledge__ Known to the ancients, the genus name appears in Graeco-Roman literature, although their interest was as much medicinal as botanical.", "Taxonomy of Narcissus __knowledge__ It is unclear which species the ancients were familiar with.", "Taxonomy of Narcissus __knowledge__ Although frequently mentioned in Mediaeval and Renaisance texts it was not formally described till the work of Linnaeus in 1753.", "Taxonomy of Narcissus __knowledge__ By 1789 it had been grouped into a family (Narcissi) but shortly thereafter this was renamed Amaryllideae, from which comes the modern placement within Amaryllidaceae, although for a while it was considered part of Liliaceae.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ In Greek mythology, Narcissus (; , \"Nárkissos\") was a hunter from Thespiae in Boeotia who was known for his beauty.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ He was the son of the river god Cephissus and nymph Liriope.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ He was proud, in that he disdained those who loved him.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ Nemesis noticed this behavior and attracted Narcissus to a pool, where he saw his own reflection in the water and fell in love with it, not realizing it was merely an image.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ Unable to leave the beauty of his reflection, Narcissus lost his will to live.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ He stared at his reflection until he died.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ Narcissus is the origin of the term \"narcissism\", a fixation with oneself and one's physical appearance or public perception.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Fire World __knowledge__ Fire World is the sixth and penultimate novel in \"The Last Dragon Chronicles\" series by Chris d'Lacey.", "Fire World __knowledge__ In an interview with ThirstforFiction on the publication day, Chris d'Lacey stated that \"Fire World\" would be set in an alternate universe, and that all of the recurring characters from the previous novels would return, but in different guises.", "Fire World __knowledge__ It opens on the planet Co:pern:ica with Counsellor Strømberg (an auma counsellor) talking to Professor Harlan Merriman and his wife Eliza, and then their son David walks in.", "Fire World __knowledge__ They talk about dreams that David has been having as Strømberg and Harlan watch a video they had recorded while he was sleeping." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ Narcissus is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ Various common names including daffodil, daffadowndilly, narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ \"Narcissus\" has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The flowers are generally white or yellow (also orange or pink in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ \"Narcissus\" were well known in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his \"Species Plantarum\" (1753).", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The genus is generally considered to have about ten sections with approximately 50 species.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The number of species has varied, depending on how they are classified, due to similarity between species and hybridization.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The exact origin of the name \"Narcissus\" is unknown, but it is often linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youth of that name who fell in love with his own reflection.", "Military colours, standards and guidons __knowledge__ In military organizations, the practice of carrying colours, standards or guidons, both to act as a rallying point for troops and to mark the location of the commander, is thought to have originated in Ancient Egypt some 5,000 years ago.", "Military colours, standards and guidons __knowledge__ The Roman Empire also made battle standards a part of their vast armies.", "Military colours, standards and guidons __knowledge__ It was formalized in the armies of Europe in the High Middle Ages, with standards being emblazoned with the commander's coat of arms.", "Military colours, standards and guidons __knowledge__ As armies became trained and adopted set formations, each regiment's ability to keep its formation was potentially critical to its, and therefore its army's, success.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Two anime adaptations were produced; one by Toei Animation, which aired from April 4, 1998 to October 10, 1998, and another produced by NAS and animated by Studio Gallop titled \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Duel Monsters\", which aired between April 2000 and September 2004.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ The manga series has spawned a franchise that includes multiple spin-off manga and anime series, a trading card game, and numerous video games.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Most of the incarnations of the franchise involve the fictional trading card game known as \"Duel Monsters\", where each player uses cards to \"duel\" each other in a mock battle of fantasy \"monsters\".", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ This forms the basis for the real life \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on its Model 206A JetRanger helicopter.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 was in continuous U.S. Army service from 1969 to 2017, when it was retired and replaced in this role by the Boeing AH-64 Apache.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The latest model, the \"OH-58D Kiowa Warrior\", is primarily operated in an armed reconnaissance role in support of ground troops.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 has been exported to Austria, Canada, Croatia, the Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Greece.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh Eun-sun (Korean: 오은선, Hanja: 吳銀善, born March 5, 1966) is a South Korean female mountaineer.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ She is the first Korean woman to climb the Seven Summits.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ On April 27, 2010, she reached the Annapurna summit.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh claimed she had climbed all fourteen eight-thousanders, which would have made her the first woman to achieve this feat, but her claim to have ascended Kangchenjunga was disputed by multiple experts.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh Eun-sun later admitted that she had to stop a few hundred meters before the Kangchenjunga summit — therefore the Korean Alpine Federation ruled that Oh did not climb that peak, and the mountaineering site ExplorersWeb considered that Edurne Pasaban is the first woman to have successfully climbed all fourteen peaks.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It consists of an oxygen and hydrogen atom held together by a covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It is an important but usually minor constituent of water.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It functions as a base, a ligand, a nucleophile and a catalyst.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ The hydroxide ion forms salts, some of which dissociate in aqueous solution, liberating solvated hydroxide ions.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Sodium hydroxide is a multi-million-ton per annum commodity chemical.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ A hydroxide attached to a strongly electropositive center may itself ionize, liberating a hydrogen cation (H), making the parent compound an acid.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ There is also a four-episode OVA sequel.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ \"Anime Midstream\", Inc. announced in December, 2008, that it acquired the license for and planned to release the anime series Matchless Raijin-Oh in the U.S. sometime in 2009 as their first anime release.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The company began selling the first volume of the series direct from their website, as well as several other online retailers as of late December, 2009.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The first volume contained episodes 1-5.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The second volume, containing episodes 6-10, was released in September 2010, and translated the title beginning with this volume (and current printings of the first volume are now also marketed under that title).", "David Oh __knowledge__ David H. Oh is a member of the City Council of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh was elected in November 2011 and re-elected in November 2015, and was the first Asian-American elected to public office in Philadelphia.", "David Oh __knowledge__ He is the only U.S. military veteran currently serving on the city council.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh was born in Philadelphia.", "David Oh __knowledge__ He has lived on the same block in Southwest Philadelphia since 1963.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh's father, the late Rev.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Ki Hang Oh, founded Philadelphia’s first Korean-American church in 1953 and served as its Pastor until his death in 2006.", "David Oh __knowledge__ In 1958, Oh’s cousin, In Ho Oh, a graduate student at the University of Pennsylvania, was murdered by a group of teenage boys while mailing a letter to his parents.", "Narcissus in culture __knowledge__ Long celebrated in art and literature, narcissi (various common names include daffodil and jonquil) are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as symbols of Spring.", "Narcissus in culture __knowledge__ The daffodil is the national flower of Wales associated with St. David's Day.", "Narcissus in culture __knowledge__ In other cultures it many be associated with wealth, good fortune and beauty.", "Narcissus in culture __knowledge__ Because of the time that it flowers it is also a symbol of Spring, and associated religious festivals such as Easter, hence the use of Lent lily or in German, Easter bells, amongst its common names.", "Narcissus in culture __knowledge__ The appearance of the wild flowers in spring is also associated with festivals in many places.", "Taxonomy of Narcissus __knowledge__ The taxonomy of \"Narcissus\" is complex, and still not fully resolved.", "Taxonomy of Narcissus __knowledge__ Known to the ancients, the genus name appears in Graeco-Roman literature, although their interest was as much medicinal as botanical.", "Taxonomy of Narcissus __knowledge__ It is unclear which species the ancients were familiar with.", "Taxonomy of Narcissus __knowledge__ Although frequently mentioned in Mediaeval and Renaisance texts it was not formally described till the work of Linnaeus in 1753.", "Taxonomy of Narcissus __knowledge__ By 1789 it had been grouped into a family (Narcissi) but shortly thereafter this was renamed Amaryllideae, from which comes the modern placement within Amaryllidaceae, although for a while it was considered part of Liliaceae.", "Narcissus poeticus __knowledge__ Narcissus poeticus (poet's daffodil, poet's narcissus, nargis, pheasant's eye, findern flower, and pinkster lily) was one of the first daffodils to be cultivated, and is frequently identified as the narcissus of ancient times (although \"Narcissus tazetta\" and \"Narcissus jonquilla\" have also been considered as possibilities).", "Narcissus poeticus __knowledge__ It is also often associated with the Greek legend of Narcissus.", "Narcissus poeticus __knowledge__ It is the type species of the genus \"Narcissus\".", "Narcissus poeticus __knowledge__ Extremely fragrant, with a ring of petals in pure white and a short corona of light yellow with a distinct reddish edge, It grows to tall, and is widely naturalized in North America.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ In Greek mythology, Narcissus (; , \"Nárkissos\") was a hunter from Thespiae in Boeotia who was known for his beauty.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ He was the son of the river god Cephissus and nymph Liriope.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ He was proud, in that he disdained those who loved him.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ Nemesis noticed this behavior and attracted Narcissus to a pool, where he saw his own reflection in the water and fell in love with it, not realizing it was merely an image.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ Unable to leave the beauty of his reflection, Narcissus lost his will to live.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ He stared at his reflection until he died.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ Narcissus is the origin of the term \"narcissism\", a fixation with oneself and one's physical appearance or public perception.", "Narcissus pseudonarcissus __knowledge__ Narcissus pseudonarcissus (commonly known as wild daffodil or Lent lily) is a perennial flowering plant.", "Narcissus pseudonarcissus __knowledge__ This species has pale yellow flowers, with a darker central trumpet.", "Narcissus pseudonarcissus __knowledge__ The long, narrow leaves are slightly greyish green in colour and rise from the base of the stem.", "Narcissus pseudonarcissus __knowledge__ The plant grows from a bulb.", "Narcissus pseudonarcissus __knowledge__ The flowers produce seeds, which when germinated, take five to seven years to produce a flowering plant.", "Narcissus pseudonarcissus __knowledge__ (Sexual [seed] reproduction mixes the traits of both parent flowers, so if garden hybrid cultivars are planted close to wild populations of \"Narcissus pseudonarcissus\", there is a danger that the new seedlings, having hybrid vigour, could out-compete the wild plants.)", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ Narcissus is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ Various common names including daffodil, daffadowndilly, narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ \"Narcissus\" has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The flowers are generally white or yellow (also orange or pink in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ \"Narcissus\" were well known in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his \"Species Plantarum\" (1753).", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The genus is generally considered to have about ten sections with approximately 50 species.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The number of species has varied, depending on how they are classified, due to similarity between species and hybridization.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The exact origin of the name \"Narcissus\" is unknown, but it is often linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youth of that name who fell in love with his own reflection.", "Beautiful Creatures (2013 film) __knowledge__ Beautiful Creatures is a 2013 American romantic gothic fantasy film based upon the novel of the same name by Kami Garcia and Margaret Stohl.", "Beautiful Creatures (2013 film) __knowledge__ The film was written and directed by Richard LaGravenese and stars Alden Ehrenreich, Alice Englert, Jeremy Irons, Emma Thompson, Viola Davis, Emmy Rossum, Thomas Mann and Eileen Atkins.", "Beautiful Creatures (2013 film) __knowledge__ The film was released February 14, 2013.", "Beautiful Creatures (2013 film) __knowledge__ It received mixed reviews from critics and was a box office disappointment.", "Beautiful Creatures (2013 film) __knowledge__ In Gatlin, South Carolina, teenager Ethan Wate awakens from a recurring dream of a girl he does not know.", "Beautiful Creatures (2013 film) __knowledge__ In voice-over narration, he describes his enjoyment of reading banned books, his despair of his small-town existence, and his dreams of leaving Gatlin for college.", "Beautiful Creatures (band) __knowledge__ Beautiful Creatures (sometimes abbreviated as BC) are a hard rock band formed in 1999 by guitarist DJ Ashba.", "Beautiful Creatures (band) __knowledge__ and singer Joe Lesté of Bang Tango.", "Beautiful Creatures (band) __knowledge__ The group's current lineup is composed of Lesté (lead vocals), Alex Grossi (lead guitar), Anthony Focx (rhythm guitar), Kenny Kweens (bass) and Timmy Russell (drums).", "Beautiful Creatures (band) __knowledge__ Previously the group featured Michael Thomas and Glen Sobel among others while founder DJ Ashba is currently the lead guitarist for To date, Beautiful Creatures have released two albums – \"Beautiful Creatures\" (2001); \"Deuce\" (2005) and have had songs featured on soundtracks for films such as Valentine, Rollerball, The Proposal and also television series such as Smallville and Sons of Anarchy.", "Beautiful Creatures (novel) __knowledge__ Beautiful Creatures is an American young adult novel written by authors Kami Garcia and Margaret Stohl and the first book in the \"Caster Chronicles\" series.", "Beautiful Creatures (novel) __knowledge__ The book was published on December 1, 2009, by Little, Brown, and Company.", "Beautiful Creatures (novel) __knowledge__ In the UK, \"Beautiful Creatures\" is published by Penguin Books.", "Beautiful Creatures (novel) __knowledge__ On January 3, 2013, a new edition of the novel was published, featuring images from the movie on the cover.", "Beautiful Creatures (novel) __knowledge__ The book was written in 12 weeks, inspired by a dare (a bet with 7 kids the authors knew) and was never intended to be published.", "Beautiful Creatures (novel) __knowledge__ Sixteen-year-old Ethan Wate lives in Gatlin, South Carolina, with his widowed father.", "Beautiful Creatures (album) __knowledge__ Beautiful Creatures is the debut studio album by American hard rock band Beautiful Creatures.", "Beautiful Creatures (album) __knowledge__ It was produced by Sean Beavan at Bay 7 Studios in Valley Village, Los Angeles, California, and was released on August 16, 2001, through Warner Bros. Records.", "Beautiful Creatures (album) __knowledge__ The album peaked at number 29 on the \"Billboard\" Top Heatseekers, while the single \"Wasted\" peaked at number 37 on the Mainstream Rock Tracks.", "Beautiful Creatures (album) __knowledge__ Following the release of the album, Beautiful Creatures went on to promote the album, performing at Ozzfest 2001, from June 8—August 12, 2011, the Rolling Rock Tour as well performing in Japan.", "Beautiful Creatures (album) __knowledge__ The album received mixed reviews.", "Adler's Appetite __knowledge__ Adler's Appetite, previously Suki Jones, was an American rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 2003.", "Adler's Appetite __knowledge__ As of 2011, the lineup consists of Patrick Stone (lead vocals), Michael Thomas (guitar), Lonnie Paul (guitar), Chip Z'nuff (bass) and Steven Adler (drums, percussion).", "Adler's Appetite __knowledge__ Along with original material, the band perform covers of Adler's former band Guns N' Roses, primarily songs from the album \"Appetite for Destruction\".", "Adler's Appetite __knowledge__ Former Slash's Snakepit guitarist Keri Kelli first formed the band in 2003, with the original lineup consisting of Adler, Faster Pussycat guitarist Brent Muscat, former Ratt bassist Robbie Crane as well as then-Ratt singer Jizzy Pearl, also formerly of Love/Hate.", "Kenny Kweens __knowledge__ Kenny Kweens is an American musician who is best known for his nine-year tenure as bassist in the hard rock band Beautiful Creatures.", "Kenny Kweens __knowledge__ In 2009, Kweens left the group and joined L.A.", "Kenny Kweens __knowledge__ Guns (fronted by Phil Lewis), replacing previous bassist Scott Griffin.", "Kenny Kweens __knowledge__ However, in 2011, Kweens departed, replaced by Griffin.", "Kenny Kweens __knowledge__ On September 22, 2014, it was announced that Griffin had once again departed the band, and Kweens rejoined the band.", "Kenny Kweens __knowledge__ Prior to joining Beautiful Creatures, Kweens was a member of Shake the Faith, No.", "Kenny Kweens __knowledge__ 9, Diamond Star Halo and Melody Black while in 2008 he formed his own solo project titled Villains of Vaudeville.", "DJ Ashba __knowledge__ Daren Jay \"DJ\" Ashba (born November 10, 1972) is an American musician, producer, and songwriter.", "DJ Ashba __knowledge__ He is currently the lead guitarist in .", "DJ Ashba __knowledge__ He is also known for his work with hard rock bands BulletBoys, Beautiful Creatures and Guns N' Roses.", "DJ Ashba __knowledge__ He has worked with various artists including Mötley Crüe, Drowning Pool, Marion Raven, Aimee Allen and Neil Diamond.", "DJ Ashba __knowledge__ He is the CEO of Ashba Media.", "DJ Ashba __knowledge__ Ashba was born in Monticello, Indiana.", "DJ Ashba __knowledge__ He was raised in Fairbury, Illinois.", "DJ Ashba __knowledge__ His mother was a classically trained pianist who began teaching him about music as a toddler.", "DJ Ashba __knowledge__ Ashba performed in his first piano recital at the age of five, where he played Beethoven's \"Ode to Joy\".", "Fiach McHugh O'Byrne __knowledge__ Fiach Mac Aodha Ó Broin (anglicised as Feagh or Fiach MacHugh O'Byrne) (1534 – 8 May, 1597) was Lord of Ranelagh and sometime leader of the Clann Uí Bhroin, or the O'Byrne clan, during the Elizabethan conquest of Ireland.", "Fiach McHugh O'Byrne __knowledge__ During the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England, the O'Byrnes controlled territory in the Wicklow mountains south of Dublin, covering about .", "Fiach McHugh O'Byrne __knowledge__ The fastness of the Ranelagh O'Byrnes lay toward the south, at Ballinacor in Glenmalure, where they maintained a fort near to a ford with a bridge and a castle at Drumkitt (now encompassed within Ballincar House).", "Fiach McHugh O'Byrne __knowledge__ The territory included the oak wood of Shillelagh and part of Co. Wexford.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ Garden roses are predominantly hybrid roses that are grown as ornamental plants in private or public gardens.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ They are one of the most popular and widely cultivated groups of flowering plants, especially in temperate climates.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ Numerous cultivars have been produced, especially over the last two centuries, though roses have been known in the garden for millennia beforehand.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ While most garden roses are grown for their flowers, some are also valued for other reasons, such as having ornamental fruit, providing ground cover, or for hedging.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ It is believed that roses were grown in all the early civilisations of temperate latitudes from at least 5000 years ago.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The sweet potato (\"Ipomoea batatas\") is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the bindweed or morning glory family, Convolvulaceae.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ Its large, starchy, sweet-tasting, tuberous roots are a root vegetable.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The young leaves and shoots are sometimes eaten as greens.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The sweet potato is only distantly related to the potato (\"Solanum tuberosum\") and does not belong to the nightshade family, Solanaceae, but both families belong to the same taxonomic order, the Solanales.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The plant is a herbaceous perennial vine, bearing alternate heart-shaped or palmately lobed leaves and medium-sized sympetalous flowers.", "Fungicide use in the United States __knowledge__ A more accurate title for this page would be \"Common plant pathogens to food crops in the United States\".", "Fungicide use in the United States __knowledge__ Symptoms of Alternaria leaf spot appear as lesions with tan spots on the leaves.", "Fungicide use in the United States __knowledge__ The centers of these lesions become black with fungal sporulation.", "Fungicide use in the United States __knowledge__ This infection can lead to tree death within 3–4 years of the first serious outbreak.", "Fungicide use in the United States __knowledge__ Orchards in high humidity areas result in the largest yield loss, often in excess of 50%.", "Fungicide use in the United States __knowledge__ Yield loss tends to rise every year as the tree becomes weaker each year after infection.", "Fungicide use in the United States __knowledge__ Three fungicide applications can achieve 60–80% control of leaf spot.", "Fungicide use in the United States __knowledge__ Anthracnose was not seen on California almonds until the early 1990s.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ Narcissus is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ Various common names including daffodil, daffadowndilly, narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ \"Narcissus\" has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The flowers are generally white or yellow (also orange or pink in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ \"Narcissus\" were well known in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his \"Species Plantarum\" (1753).", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The genus is generally considered to have about ten sections with approximately 50 species.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The number of species has varied, depending on how they are classified, due to similarity between species and hybridization.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The exact origin of the name \"Narcissus\" is unknown, but it is often linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youth of that name who fell in love with his own reflection.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "History of Manchester City F.C. (2001–present) __knowledge__ This page chronicles the history of English football team Manchester City Football Club in further detail from 2001 to the present day.", "History of Manchester City F.C. (2001–present) __knowledge__ See \"History of Manchester City F.C.\"", "History of Manchester City F.C. (2001–present) __knowledge__ for a history overview of Manchester City.", "History of Manchester City F.C. (2001–present) __knowledge__ The 2001 to 2011 history of the club has been marked by stability, with the club establishing itself as a Premier League regular since 2002.", "History of Manchester City F.C. (2001–present) __knowledge__ The club was taken over in 2007 by Thaksin Shinawatra, who invested a considerable portion of money into the club with Sven-Göran Eriksson.", "History of Manchester City F.C. (2001–present) __knowledge__ After being arrested for political corruption in the summer of 2008, Shinawatra had to sell the club to a Abu Dhabi Investment Group Kevin Keegan's four-year tenure as City manager brought much needed stability, as he gained promotion to the Premier League at the first attempt and then kept the side in the top flight.", "A Head Full of Dreams (song) __knowledge__ \"A Head Full of Dreams\" is a song by British rock band Coldplay.", "A Head Full of Dreams (song) __knowledge__ It is the first track and the fourth single from their album of the same name (2015).", "A Head Full of Dreams (song) __knowledge__ The song was recorded by the band during sessions for their seventh studio album in 2014, at their purpose-built studios The Bakery and The Beehive in North London, England, both originally constructed for work on their three previous studio albums.", "A Head Full of Dreams (song) __knowledge__ The song \"fades in with distantly chiming bells, a synthetic dance pulse, a drum set shuffling complicatedly, and a guitar repeatedly drawing a high, short melody\".", "A Head Full of Dreams (song) __knowledge__ \"The Atlantic\" Spencer Kornhaber called the song's arrangement \"cool\" and \"unusual\".", "History of Scotland __knowledge__ The is known to have begun by the end of the last glacial period (in the paleolithic), roughly 10,000 years ago.", "History of Scotland __knowledge__ Prehistoric Scotland entered the Neolithic Era about 4000 BC, the Bronze Age about 2000 BC, and the Iron Age around 700 BC.", "History of Scotland __knowledge__ Scotland's recorded history began with the arrival of the Roman Empire in the 1st century, when the province of Britannia reached as far north as the line between the firths of Clyde to the Forth.", "History of Scotland __knowledge__ North of this was Caledonia, whose people were known in Latin as \"Picti\", \"the painted ones\".", "History of Scotland __knowledge__ Constant uprisings forced Rome's legions back: Hadrian's Wall attempted to seal off the Roman south and the Antonine Wall attempted to move the Roman border north.", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Lewis Kristian Marnell (3 December 1982 – 18 January 2013) was a professional skateboarder from Melbourne, Australia who was Slam Magazine's 2008 \"Skater of the Year\".", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Marnell died in January 2013, following complications related to type 1 (juvenile) diabetes, a condition that was diagnosed when he was 10 years old.", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Numerous tributes were published following Marnell's death and his longtime skateboard deck sponsor, Almost Skateboards, continues to use the hashtag \"#LewisMarnellForever\"—on 15 and 29 July 2014, the company published the hashtag with 2006 video footage of Marnell skateboarding in Japan.", "List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 9) __knowledge__ The ninth UK series of \"The X Factor\" began on ITV on 18 August 2012 and ended on 9 December 2012.", "List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 9) __knowledge__ The live shows starting on 6 October 2012.", "List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 9) __knowledge__ The twelve chosen finalists were James Arthur, Rylan Clark, Jahméne Douglas, Jade Ellis, Ella Henderson, Lucy Spraggan, Melanie Masson, Carolynne Poole, Kye Sones, District3, MK1 and Union J.", "List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 9) __knowledge__ Before the start of the live shows, one previously eliminated act from each category was chosen as a wildcard, with Christopher Maloney, from the over 28s, being voted in by the public as the thirteenth finalist.", "List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 9) __knowledge__ Nicole Scherzinger mentored the boys (Arthur, Clark and Douglas), Tulisa Contostavlos mentored the girls (Ellis, Henderson and Spraggan), Gary Barlow mentored the over 28s (Masson, Poole, Sones and Maloney) and Louis Walsh mentored the groups (District3, MK1 and Union J).", "Baby (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ \"Baby\" is a song by Canadian recording artist Justin Bieber.", "Baby (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ It was released as the lead single from the latter half of Bieber's debut album, \"My World 2.0\".", "Baby (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ The track was written by Bieber with Christopher \"Tricky\" Stewart and Terius \"The-Dream\" Nash, both of whom worked with Bieber on \"One Time\", and also by R&B singer Christina Milian and labelmate, rapper Ludacris.", "Baby (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ It was available for digital download on January 18, 2010.", "Baby (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ The song received airplay directly after release, officially impacting mainstream and rhythmic radio on January 26, 2010.", "Baby (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ The song is uptempo R&B, blending together dance-pop and hip-hop elements, while using influences of doo-wop music.", "Medicinal plants __knowledge__ Medicinal plants, also called medicinal herbs, have been discovered and used in traditional medicine practices since prehistoric times.", "Medicinal plants __knowledge__ Plants synthesise hundreds of chemical compounds for functions including defence against insects, fungi, diseases, and herbivorous mammals.", "Medicinal plants __knowledge__ Numerous phytochemicals with potential or established biological activity have been identified.", "Medicinal plants __knowledge__ However, since a single plant contains widely diverse phytochemicals, the effects of using a whole plant as medicine are uncertain.", "Medicinal plants __knowledge__ Further, the phytochemical content and pharmacological actions, if any, of many plants having medicinal potential remain unassessed by rigorous scientific research to define efficacy and safety.", "Narcissus in culture __knowledge__ Long celebrated in art and literature, narcissi (various common names include daffodil and jonquil) are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as symbols of Spring.", "Narcissus in culture __knowledge__ The daffodil is the national flower of Wales associated with St. David's Day.", "Narcissus in culture __knowledge__ In other cultures it many be associated with wealth, good fortune and beauty.", "Narcissus in culture __knowledge__ Because of the time that it flowers it is also a symbol of Spring, and associated religious festivals such as Easter, hence the use of Lent lily or in German, Easter bells, amongst its common names.", "Narcissus in culture __knowledge__ The appearance of the wild flowers in spring is also associated with festivals in many places.", "Taxonomy of Narcissus __knowledge__ The taxonomy of \"Narcissus\" is complex, and still not fully resolved.", "Taxonomy of Narcissus __knowledge__ Known to the ancients, the genus name appears in Graeco-Roman literature, although their interest was as much medicinal as botanical.", "Taxonomy of Narcissus __knowledge__ It is unclear which species the ancients were familiar with.", "Taxonomy of Narcissus __knowledge__ Although frequently mentioned in Mediaeval and Renaisance texts it was not formally described till the work of Linnaeus in 1753.", "Taxonomy of Narcissus __knowledge__ By 1789 it had been grouped into a family (Narcissi) but shortly thereafter this was renamed Amaryllideae, from which comes the modern placement within Amaryllidaceae, although for a while it was considered part of Liliaceae.", "Manuel Córdova-Rios __knowledge__ Manuel Córdova-Rios (November 22, 1887 – November 22, 1978) was a vegetalista (herbalist) of the upper Amazon, and the subject of several popular books.", "Manuel Córdova-Rios __knowledge__ The young mestizo joined a company that left Iquitos for the surrounding Amazon forest to cut rubber trees.", "Manuel Córdova-Rios __knowledge__ He was apparently captured by a native tribe, among whom he then lived for seven years.", "Manuel Córdova-Rios __knowledge__ The elderly chief taught him in intensive private sessions traditional knowledge, e.g., about medicinal plants of the jungle, and about leadership.", "Manuel Córdova-Rios __knowledge__ From the tribe he learned hunting skills and acquired the name \"Ino Moxo\" (black jaguar).", "Manuel Córdova-Rios __knowledge__ The chief also led group sessions using ayahuasca.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ In Greek mythology, Narcissus (; , \"Nárkissos\") was a hunter from Thespiae in Boeotia who was known for his beauty.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ He was the son of the river god Cephissus and nymph Liriope.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ He was proud, in that he disdained those who loved him.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ Nemesis noticed this behavior and attracted Narcissus to a pool, where he saw his own reflection in the water and fell in love with it, not realizing it was merely an image.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ Unable to leave the beauty of his reflection, Narcissus lost his will to live.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ He stared at his reflection until he died.", "Narcissus (mythology) __knowledge__ Narcissus is the origin of the term \"narcissism\", a fixation with oneself and one's physical appearance or public perception.", "Narcissus poeticus __knowledge__ Narcissus poeticus (poet's daffodil, poet's narcissus, nargis, pheasant's eye, findern flower, and pinkster lily) was one of the first daffodils to be cultivated, and is frequently identified as the narcissus of ancient times (although \"Narcissus tazetta\" and \"Narcissus jonquilla\" have also been considered as possibilities).", "Narcissus poeticus __knowledge__ It is also often associated with the Greek legend of Narcissus.", "Narcissus poeticus __knowledge__ It is the type species of the genus \"Narcissus\".", "Narcissus poeticus __knowledge__ Extremely fragrant, with a ring of petals in pure white and a short corona of light yellow with a distinct reddish edge, It grows to tall, and is widely naturalized in North America." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ Narcissus is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ Various common names including daffodil, daffadowndilly, narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ \"Narcissus\" has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The flowers are generally white or yellow (also orange or pink in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ \"Narcissus\" were well known in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his \"Species Plantarum\" (1753).", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The genus is generally considered to have about ten sections with approximately 50 species.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The number of species has varied, depending on how they are classified, due to similarity between species and hybridization.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The exact origin of the name \"Narcissus\" is unknown, but it is often linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youth of that name who fell in love with his own reflection.", "Open event at the 42nd Chess Olympiad __knowledge__ The open event at the 42nd Chess Olympiad was held from 2–13 September.", "Open event at the 42nd Chess Olympiad __knowledge__ It was contested by a record number of 180 teams representing 175 nations.", "Open event at the 42nd Chess Olympiad __knowledge__ Azerbaijan, as host nation, fielded three teams, whilst the International Braille Chess Association (IBCA), the International Physically Disabled Chess Association (IPCA), and the International Chess Committee of the Deaf (ICCD) each provided one team.", "Open event at the 42nd Chess Olympiad __knowledge__ A total of 894 players participated in the open event.", "Open event at the 42nd Chess Olympiad __knowledge__ The United States won the gold medal in the open event for the first time since 1976 and their sixth time overall.", "Open event at the 42nd Chess Olympiad __knowledge__ Ukrainian player Andrei Volokitin, who played as a reserve player, was the best individual player in the open event with 8½ out of 9 points (eight wins and one draw) and a rating performance of 2992.", "Women's event at the 42nd Chess Olympiad __knowledge__ The women's event at the 42nd Chess Olympiad was held from 2–13 September 2016.", "Women's event at the 42nd Chess Olympiad __knowledge__ It is contested by a record number of 142 teams representing 138 nations.", "Women's event at the 42nd Chess Olympiad __knowledge__ Azerbaijan, as host nation, field three teams, whilst the International Physically Disabled Chess Association (IPCA) and the International Chess Committee of the Deaf (ICCD) each provide one team.", "Women's event at the 42nd Chess Olympiad __knowledge__ A total number of 693 players are participating in the women's event.", "Women's event at the 42nd Chess Olympiad __knowledge__ China won the gold medal in the women's event, their first since 1994 and their fifth overall.", "Women's event at the 42nd Chess Olympiad __knowledge__ Russian Valentina Gunina, playing on board two, was the best individual player in the women's event with 8 out of 10 points (seven wins, two draws and one loss) with a rating performance of 2643.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the 1994 television series \"Spider-Man.\"", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ Peter Benjamin Parker (Christopher Daniel Barnes) is the main protagonist of the series.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ A one-time high school \"science geek\", Peter was the subject of much ridicule, especially at the hands of Flash Thompson.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ After his parents died in a plane crash, Peter lived with his Uncle Ben and Aunt May, who doted and worried endlessly about the reclusive boy suddenly placed in their midst.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ During a class field trip to see a demonstration of Neogenic radiation, carried on by Professor Farley Stillwell, a spider crawled into Stillwell's machine and became irradiated, biting Peter in the hand and granting him the proportionate abilities of a spider, including superhuman strength, durability, stamina, speed, agility, senses and a \"Spider-Sense\" that warned him of imminent danger.", "History of the English penny (c. 600 – 1066) __knowledge__ The history of the English penny can be traced back to the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of the 7th century: to the small, thick silver coins known to contemporaries as \"pæningas\" or \"denarii\", though now often referred to as \"sceattas\" by numismatists.", "History of the English penny (c. 600 – 1066) __knowledge__ Broader, thinner pennies inscribed with the name of the king were introduced to southern England in the middle of the 8th century.", "History of the English penny (c. 600 – 1066) __knowledge__ Coins of this format remained the foundation of the English currency until the 14th century.", "History of the English penny (c. 600 – 1066) __knowledge__ The history of Anglo-Saxon coinage spans more than five centuries, from the end of Roman rule in Britain in the 5th century, down to the death of Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings on 14 October 1066.", "2010 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The 2010 Toronto Blue Jays season was the 34th season of Major League Baseball's Toronto Blue Jays franchise, and the team's 21st full season of play (22nd overall) at the Rogers Centre.", "2010 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The 2010 season was the first under general manager Alex Anthopoulos, who replaced J. P. Ricciardi after the 2009 season.", "2010 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ After a poor 2009 season in which the Blue Jays finished with a 75–87 record, 2010 saw the team improve by 10 games, finishing with an 85–77 record and in fourth place in the American League East.", "2010 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ Led by José Bautista, whose 54 home runs set a franchise record and led the Major Leagues, the team also set a franchise record with 257 home runs.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Tallinn Town Hall __knowledge__ The Tallinn Town Hall () is a building in the Tallinn Old Town, Estonia, next to the Town Hall Square.", "Tallinn Town Hall __knowledge__ It is the oldest town hall in the whole of the Baltic region and Scandinavia.", "Tallinn Town Hall __knowledge__ The building is located in the south side of the ancient market square and is 36.8 metres long.", "Tallinn Town Hall __knowledge__ The west wall is 14.5 metres in length, and the east is 15.2 meters.", "Tallinn Town Hall __knowledge__ It is a two-storey building with a spacious basement.", "Tallinn Town Hall __knowledge__ The vane Old Thomas () on the top of the Town Hall's tower, that has been there since 1530, has become one of the symbols of Tallinn.", "Tallinn Town Hall __knowledge__ The height of the tower is 64 metres.", "Tallinn Town Hall __knowledge__ Tallinn Town Hall is located on the Town Hall Square, where the streets Kullassepa street, Dunkri street and Vanaturu kael lead.", "Ancient (Stargate) __knowledge__ The Ancients (in their own tongue \"Anquietas\") are a fictional humanoid race in the \"Stargate\" franchise.", "Ancient (Stargate) __knowledge__ They are called by this name in the Milky Way galaxy, and the Ancestors and Lanteans in the Pegasus galaxy.", "Ancient (Stargate) __knowledge__ The Ancients are one of two groups of the Alterans; the other being the Ori, the main antagonists in the later seasons of \"Stargate SG-1\".", "Ancient (Stargate) __knowledge__ In the \"Stargate\" universe, the Ancients are one of the most technologically advanced species known to have existed.", "Ancient (Stargate) __knowledge__ The Ancients evolved tens of millions of years ago and reached advanced level of technology long before humans evolved on Earth.", "Ancient (Stargate) __knowledge__ They lived in the Milky Way and Pegasus galaxies prior to their ascension.", "Mythology of Stargate __knowledge__ In the fictional universe of the \"Stargate\" franchise, the people of Earth have encountered numerous extraterrestrial races on their travels through the Stargate.", "Mythology of Stargate __knowledge__ In addition to a diversity of alien life, there is also an abundance of other humans, scattered across the cosmos by advanced aliens in the distant past.", "Mythology of Stargate __knowledge__ Some of the most significant species in \"Stargate SG-1\" are the Goa'uld, the Asgard, and the Replicators.", "Mythology of Stargate __knowledge__ \"Stargate Atlantis\", set in the Pegasus galaxy, introduced the Wraith and the Asurans.", "Mythology of Stargate __knowledge__ One of the most influential species in \"Stargate\", the Ancients, have moved on to a higher plane of existence.", "List of Skulduggery Pleasant characters __knowledge__ This list comprises information on characters who exist in the following fantasy novels: The \"Skulduggery Pleasant books\" are written by Derek Landy.", "List of Skulduggery Pleasant characters __knowledge__ The premise of the novel is that magic is real and those with the ability to wield it live among us.", "List of Skulduggery Pleasant characters __knowledge__ Magic is split into many \"Schools\" or disciplines, the two main groups being Elemental (which concentrate on magic involving the classical elements of fire, earth, air and water) and Adepts (which is split into many other disciplines, some more obscure than others, examples being Sensitives (similar to traditional psychics or mediums), Teleporters, Shape-shifters, Necromancers etc.).", "Stargate (device) __knowledge__ A Stargate is an Einstein–Rosen bridge portal device within the \"Stargate\" fictional universe that allows practical, rapid travel between two distant locations.", "Stargate (device) __knowledge__ The devices first appear in the 1994 Roland Emmerich film \"Stargate\", and thereafter in the television series \"Stargate SG-1\", \"Stargate Atlantis\", and \"Stargate Universe\".", "Stargate (device) __knowledge__ In these productions the Stargate functions as a plot generator, allowing the main characters to visit alien planets without the need for spaceships or any other type of technology.", "Stargate (device) __knowledge__ The device allows for near-instantaneous travel across both interstellar and extragalactic distances.", "Ori (Stargate) __knowledge__ The Ori are fictional characters in the science fiction television series, \"Stargate SG-1\".", "Ori (Stargate) __knowledge__ They are a group of \"ascended\" beings who use their advanced technology and knowledge of the universe to attempt to trick non-ascended humans into worshipping them as gods.", "Ori (Stargate) __knowledge__ They first appeared in the ninth season of \"Stargate SG-1\", replacing the Goa'uld as the show's primary antagonists.", "Ori (Stargate) __knowledge__ While the Goa'uld relied on stolen technology from other civilizations to pose as gods, the Ori also have paranormal abilities in addition to very advanced technology.", "Ori (Stargate) __knowledge__ As Ascended beings, they live on a higher plane of existence with great power and knowledge and are as close to being \"gods\" as any non-deific being can be.", "Dota 2 __knowledge__ Dota 2 is a free-to-play multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) video game developed and published by Valve Corporation.", "Dota 2 __knowledge__ The game is the stand-alone sequel to \"Defense of the Ancients\" (\"DotA\"), which was a community-created mod for Blizzard Entertainment's \"\" and its expansion pack, \"\".", "Dota 2 __knowledge__ \"Dota 2\" is played in matches between two teams of five players, with each team occupying and defending their own separate base on the map.", "Dota 2 __knowledge__ Each of the ten players independently controls a powerful character, known as a \"hero\", who all have unique abilities and differing styles of play.", "Dota 2 __knowledge__ During a match, players collect experience points and items for their heroes to successfully battle the opposing team's heroes, who attempt to do the same to them.", "Ancient characters in Stargate __knowledge__ In the \"Stargate\" fictional universe, the Ancients, also known as the Alterans and Lanteans, are the most advanced race known to have existed, having evolved millions of years prior to the present day and reaching their level of technology long before Human life evolved on Earth.", "Ancient characters in Stargate __knowledge__ This is a list of the Ancient characters that have appeared in \"Stargate SG-1\" and \"Stargate Atlantis\".", "Ancient characters in Stargate __knowledge__ Ona Grauer played Ayiana, the first living Ancient that modern-day humans encounter.", "Ancient characters in Stargate __knowledge__ She was left behind on the Ancient outpost in Antarctica between five and ten million years ago when her people took the city of Atlantis to the Pegasus Galaxy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ Narcissus is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ Various common names including daffodil, daffadowndilly, narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ \"Narcissus\" has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The flowers are generally white or yellow (also orange or pink in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ \"Narcissus\" were well known in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his \"Species Plantarum\" (1753).", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The genus is generally considered to have about ten sections with approximately 50 species.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The number of species has varied, depending on how they are classified, due to similarity between species and hybridization.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe.", "Narcissus (plant) __knowledge__ The exact origin of the name \"Narcissus\" is unknown, but it is often linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youth of that name who fell in love with his own reflection.", "Petal __knowledge__ Petals are modified leaves that surround the reproductive parts of flowers.", "Petal __knowledge__ They are often brightly colored or unusually shaped to attract pollinators.", "Petal __knowledge__ Together, all of the petals of a flower are called a corolla.", "Petal __knowledge__ Petals are usually accompanied by another set of special leaves called sepals, that collectively form the \"calyx\" and lie just beneath the corolla.", "Petal __knowledge__ The calyx and the corolla together make up the perianth.", "Petal __knowledge__ When the petals and sepals of a flower are difficult to distinguish, they are collectively called tepals.", "Petal __knowledge__ Examples of plants in which the term \"tepal\" is appropriate include genera such as \"Aloe\" and \"Tulipa\".", "Hippeastrum __knowledge__ Hippeastrum is a genus of about 90 species and over 600 hybrids and cultivars of perennial herbaceous bulbous plants.", "Hippeastrum __knowledge__ They generally have large fleshy bulbs and tall broad leaves, generally evergreen, and large red or purple flowers.", "Hippeastrum __knowledge__ \"Hippeastrum\" is a genus in the family Amaryllidaceae (subfamily Amaryllidoideae, tribe Hippeastreae, and subtribe Hippeastrineae) The name \"Hippeastrum\", given to it by William Herbert, means \"Knight's-star-lily\", although precisely what Herbert meant by the name is not certain.", "Hippeastrum __knowledge__ For many years there was confusion among botanists over the generic names \"Amaryllis\" and \"Hippeastrum\", one result of which is that the common name \"\"amaryllis\"\" is mainly used for cultivars of this genus, often sold as indoor flowering bulbs particularly at Christmas in the northern hemisphere.", "Fleur-de-lis __knowledge__ The fleur-de-lis/fleur-de-lys (plural: \"fleurs-de-lis\") or flower-de-luce is a stylized lily (in French, \"fleur\" means \"flower\", and \"lis\" means \"lily\") that is used as a decorative design or symbol.", "Fleur-de-lis __knowledge__ Many of the saints are often depicted with a lily, most prominently St. Joseph.", "Fleur-de-lis __knowledge__ Since France is a historically Catholic nation, the fleur-de-lis became \"at one and the same time, religious, political, dynastic, artistic, emblematic, and symbolic\", especially in French heraldry.", "Fleur-de-lis __knowledge__ The fleur-de-lis is represented in Unicode at U+269C (⚜) in the Miscellaneous Symbols block.", "Fleur-de-lis __knowledge__ While the fleur-de-lis has appeared on countless European coats of arms and flags over the centuries, it is particularly associated with the French monarchy in a historical context, and continues to appear in the arms of the King of Spain (from the French House of Bourbon) and the Grand Duke of Luxembourg and members of the House of Bourbon.", "Sempervivum __knowledge__ Sempervivum (Brit.", "Sempervivum __knowledge__ , U.S. sem-per-VEE-vum) is a genus of about 40 species of flowering plants in the Crassulaceae family, commonly known as houseleeks.", "Sempervivum __knowledge__ Other common names include liveforever (the source of the taxonomical designation \"Sempervivum\", literally \"always/forever alive\") and hen and chicks, a name shared with plants of other genera as well.", "Sempervivum __knowledge__ They are succulent perennials forming mats composed of tufted leaves in rosettes.", "Sempervivum __knowledge__ In favourable conditions they spread rapidly via offsets, and several species are valued in cultivation as groundcover for dry, sunny locations.", "Sempervivum __knowledge__ Houseleeks exist from Morocco to Iran, through the mountains of Iberia, the Alps, Carpathians, Balkan mountains, Turkey, the Armenian mountains, in the northeastern part of the Sahara Desert, and the Caucasus.", "Maison de la paix __knowledge__ The Maison de la paix (literally: \"House of Peace\") is a building owned by the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (Geneva, Switzerland).", "Maison de la paix __knowledge__ The building was designed by Eric Ott of Neuchâtel's IPAS firm.", "Maison de la paix __knowledge__ It serves as the new headquarters for the Graduate Institute and houses the three Geneva Centres, which comprise the Geneva Centre for Security Policy (GCSP), the Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining (GICHD), and the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF).", "Maison de la paix __knowledge__ It is the main element of the Campus de la paix (literally: \"Campus of Peace\").", "Floralis Genérica __knowledge__ Floralis Genérica is a sculpture made of steel and aluminum located in Plaza de las Naciones Unidas, Avenida Figueroa Alcorta, Buenos Aires, a gift to the city by the Argentine architect Eduardo Catalano.", "Floralis Genérica __knowledge__ Catalano once said that the flower \"is a synthesis of all the flowers and, at the same time, a hope reborn every day at opening.\"", "Floralis Genérica __knowledge__ It was created in 2002.", "Floralis Genérica __knowledge__ The sculpture was designed to move, closing its petals in the evening and opening them in the morning.", "Floralis Genérica __knowledge__ The sculpture is located in the center of a park of four acres of wooded boundaries, surrounded by paths that get closer and provide different perspectives of the monument, and placed above a reflecting pool, which apart from fulfilling its aesthetic function, protects it.", "Kostadin Alakushev __knowledge__ Kostadin Alakushev (; 1875–1912) was a Bulgarian revolutionary, a worker of the Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization (IMARO).", "Kostadin Alakushev __knowledge__ Kostadin Alakushev was born in the village of Tarlis, in the Ottoman Empire, that is now in Greece known as Vathytopos, Kato Nevrokopi municipality, Drama regional unit.", "Kostadin Alakushev __knowledge__ He graduated from the Bulgarian Men's High School of Thessaloniki and afterwards worked as a teacher in different villages in the region of Nevrokop and Ser.", "Kostadin Alakushev __knowledge__ He became a member of the IMARO and participated in the Ilinden-Preobrazhenie Uprising in the revolutionary band of Stoyan Malchankov.", "Sit Still, Look Pretty __knowledge__ \"Sit Still, Look Pretty\" is a song by American singer Daya.", "Sit Still, Look Pretty __knowledge__ It was released on March 29, 2016, as the second single from her debut extended play (EP), \"Daya\" (2015) and her debut studio album of the same name (2016).", "Sit Still, Look Pretty __knowledge__ It is the follow-up to her \"Billboard\" Hot 100 top 40 hit \"Hide Away\".", "Sit Still, Look Pretty __knowledge__ The song was written by Gino Barletta, Mike Campbell and Britten Newbill.", "Sit Still, Look Pretty __knowledge__ Lyrically, the song includes themes of female empowerment.", "Sit Still, Look Pretty __knowledge__ This song is a banger.", "Sit Still, Look Pretty __knowledge__ \"Sit Still, Look Pretty\" debuted at number 100 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, and has since peaked at number 28.", "Sit Still, Look Pretty __knowledge__ The single has also charted in Canada, Slovakia, and Czech Republic.", "Sit Still, Look Pretty (album) __knowledge__ Sit Still, Look Pretty is the debut studio album by American singer Daya.", "Sit Still, Look Pretty (album) __knowledge__ It was released on October 7, 2016, through Z Entertainment, Artbeatz, and RED Distribution.", "Sit Still, Look Pretty (album) __knowledge__ All of the songs from her EP, \"Daya\", are included on the album.", "Sit Still, Look Pretty (album) __knowledge__ \"Hide Away\" was released as the lead single from the album on April 22, 2015.", "Sit Still, Look Pretty (album) __knowledge__ Since its release, it has peaked at number 23 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, and has been certified Platinum by the RIAA.", "Sit Still, Look Pretty (album) __knowledge__ \"Sit Still, Look Pretty\" was released to Top 40 radio as the second single from the album on March 29, 2016.", "Sit Still, Look Pretty (album) __knowledge__ It has since peaked at number 28 on the Hot 100, and has been certified Platinum by the RIAA.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "LIFT Productions __knowledge__ LIFT Productions (an acronym for Louisiana Institute of Film Technology) was the first concerted private sector effort to combat \"Runaway production\" of film and television from the United States.", "LIFT Productions __knowledge__ In the 1990s the U.S. market lost over 100,000 production-related jobs, as motion picture and television programming increasingly became manufactured offshore.", "LIFT Productions __knowledge__ The outflow of work was in large part due to lucrative incentives offered by Canada, its provinces, and European Union members.", "LIFT Productions __knowledge__ In 2002, at the urging of LIFT founders Malcolm Petal and John J Anderson, Louisiana passed a first-in-the-nation incentive program to compete directly with Canada.", "Daya (singer) __knowledge__ Grace Martine Tandon (born October 24, 1998), professionally known as Daya (stylized DΛYΛ; pronounced ), is an American singer and songwriter from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "Daya (singer) __knowledge__ She is signed to Artbeatz, Z Entertainment, and RED Distribution, and released her self-titled debut extended play (EP), \"Daya\", on September 4, 2015, which includes the song \"Hide Away\", which has peaked at number 23 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Daya (singer) __knowledge__ She released her debut studio album \"Sit Still, Look Pretty\" on October 7, 2016.", "Daya (singer) __knowledge__ Daya was born in Pittsburgh and grew up in the suburb of Mount Lebanon, Pennsylvania.", "Daya (singer) __knowledge__ Her paternal grandfather is Indian American, a Punjabi who migrated from Punjab, India to the United States.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan." ] ]

[ 2, 4, 5, 57, 0, 0 ]

[ "Yes, Narcissus is a spring plant you would most recognize as a daffodil", "Typically yellow, white but can also come in orange or pink in garden varieties", "The Narcissus was known in ancient times as a medicinal plant. ", "Actually it is not known which species the ancients were actually using.", "It's a six petal plant that would look pretty during spring time.", "No! and mostly the flower looks like a crown. " ]

[ "Narcissus (plant)", "Narcissus (plant)", "Narcissus (plant)", "Narcissus (plant)", "Narcissus (plant)", "Narcissus (plant)" ]

[ "Singing\nI am looking to become a singer. Do you like singing?", "Yes I am afraid that is the case with me too! People say I am not very good at it", "Yes I am thinking of doing that, but I heard such training is expensiveE?e", "I see, do you have any more tips?", "i think you're right, practice makes perfect. But I do not have natural talent!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques.", "Singing __knowledge__ A person who sings is called a singer or vocalist.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers perform music (arias, recitatives, songs, etc.)", "Singing __knowledge__ that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as a choir of singers or a band of instrumentalists.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers may perform as soloists or accompanied by anything from a single instrument (as in art song or some jazz styles) up to a symphony orchestra or big band.", "Singing __knowledge__ Different singing styles include art music such as opera and Chinese opera, Hindustani music, and religious music styles such as gospel, traditional music styles, world music, jazz, blues, gazal and popular music styles such as pop, rock, electronic dance music and filmi.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing can be formal or informal, arranged or improvised.", "Singing __knowledge__ It may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort or ritual, as part of music education or as a profession.", "Singing __knowledge__ Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction and regular practice.", "Singing __knowledge__ If practice is done on a regular basis then the sounds can become more clear and strong.", "Lokma __knowledge__ Lokma (Turkish), loukoumades (, singular λουκουμάς, \"loukoumas\"), zalabyieh (Arabic: زلابية), or bāmiyeh (Persian: بامیه)—see etymology below—are pastries made of deep fried dough soaked in syrup, chocolate sauce or honey, with cinnamon and sometimes sprinkled with sesame or grated walnuts.", "Lokma __knowledge__ The Turkish word \"lokma\" means \"mouthful\" or \"morsel\", from Arabic \"luqma\" (plural \"luqmāt\").", "Lokma __knowledge__ Turkey Boortsog, called \"pişi\" or \"tuzlu lokma\" (sour lokma) in Turkish, which is Lokma without any sweet syrup or honey, is a staple food for Turkic and Mongolian cuisines.", "Lokma __knowledge__ Lokma in the form of a dessert is made with flour, sugar, yeast and salt, fried in oil and later bathed in syrup or honey.", "Singing the Blues __knowledge__ \"Singing the Blues\" is a popular song written by Melvin Endsley and published in 1956.", "Singing the Blues __knowledge__ The song was first recorded and released by Marty Robbins in 1956.", "Singing the Blues __knowledge__ (It is not related to the 1920 jazz song \"Singin' the Blues\" recorded by Frank Trumbauer and Bix Beiderbecke in 1927.)", "Singing the Blues __knowledge__ The best-known recording was released in October 1956 by Guy Mitchell and spent ten weeks at number 1 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" chart from December 8, 1956, to February 2, 1957.", "Singing the Blues __knowledge__ An example of the U.S. recording is on Columbia #40769, dated 1956, with the Ray Conniff Orchestra.", "Singing the Blues __knowledge__ Mitchell's version was also number 1 in the UK Singles Chart for three (non-consecutive) weeks in early 1957, one of only four singles to return to number 1 on three separate occasions, with the other three being \"I Believe\" by Frankie Laine, \"Happy\" by Pharrell Williams and \"What Do You Mean?\"", "Katyar Kaljat Ghusali (film) __knowledge__ Katyar Kaljat Ghusali () is a 2015 Marathi film based on a play by the same name.", "Katyar Kaljat Ghusali (film) __knowledge__ Directed by Subodh Bhave, the film stars Sachin Pilgaonkar, Shankar Mahadevan, and Subodh Bhave in lead roles.", "Katyar Kaljat Ghusali (film) __knowledge__ The film marks the acting debut for Mahadevan and directorial debut for Bhave.", "Katyar Kaljat Ghusali (film) __knowledge__ The original play premiered in 1967 in Mumbai, where Hindustani classical vocalist Vasantrao Deshpande played one of the protagonists.", "Katyar Kaljat Ghusali (film) __knowledge__ In 2010, the play was relaunched with protagonists essayed by Rahul Deshpande, grandson of Vasantrao Deshpande and singer Mahesh Kale.", "Katyar Kaljat Ghusali (film) __knowledge__ The film's music is composed by Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy, and retained some of the songs from the original play composed by Jitendra Abhisheki.", "The Day Before You Came __knowledge__ \"The Day Before You Came\" is a song recorded and released by Swedish pop group ABBA, their second longest (after \"Eagle\") at almost 6:00 in length.", "The Day Before You Came __knowledge__ It was originally released in 1982 as both a single, and a track on the compilation album \"\".", "The Day Before You Came __knowledge__ Although it was the final ABBA recording, it was not the last song to be released as their final single was \"Under Attack\", which also featured on the singles compilation album.", "The Day Before You Came __knowledge__ After 1981's \"The Visitors\", Björn Ulvaeus and Benny Andersson took some time off to write new material, yet at the same time, they were beginning to create their first musical, \"Chess\", alongside Tim Rice.", "Singing Sandra __knowledge__ Sandra DesVignes-Millington (born 1957), better known as Singing Sandra, is a Trinidadian calypsonian who won the Calypso Monarch title at the 1999 and 2003 carnivals.", "Singing Sandra __knowledge__ DesVignes-Millington was born in 1957 in East Dry River, and raised in Morvant.", "Singing Sandra __knowledge__ She was born in a poor family and faced many hardships through her early teenage years.", "Singing Sandra __knowledge__ Singing Sandra never met her father and she was the only child of the family, but her singing talent was evident from an early stage, given that her grandmother was the best singer in her village in Tobago.", "Singing Sandra __knowledge__ She was baptized in spiritual Baptist church when she was fifteen years old and during her later stage of her life she became a practicing orisha.", "The Supremes __knowledge__ The Supremes were an American female singing group and the premier act of Motown Records during the 1960s.", "The Supremes __knowledge__ Founded as The Primettes in Detroit, Michigan, in 1959, the Supremes were the most commercially successful of Motown's acts and are, to date, America's most successful vocal group with 12 number one singles on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "The Supremes __knowledge__ Most of these hits were written and produced by Motown's main songwriting and production team, Holland–Dozier–Holland.", "The Supremes __knowledge__ At their peak in the mid-1960s, the Supremes rivaled the Beatles in worldwide popularity, and it is said that their success made it possible for future African American R&B and soul musicians to find mainstream success.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Maria Callas, Commendatore OMRI (; December 2, 1923 – September 16, 1977), was a Greek-American soprano, and one of the most renowned and influential opera singers of the 20th century.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Many critics praised her \"bel canto\" technique, wide-ranging voice and dramatic interpretations.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her repertoire ranged from classical \"opera seria\" to the \"bel canto\" operas of Donizetti, Bellini and Rossini and further, to the works of Verdi and Puccini; and, in her early career, to the music dramas of Wagner.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her musical and dramatic talents led to her being hailed as \"La Divina\".", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Born in New York City and raised by an overbearing mother, she received her musical education in Greece and established her career in Italy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques.", "Singing __knowledge__ A person who sings is called a singer or vocalist.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers perform music (arias, recitatives, songs, etc.)", "Singing __knowledge__ that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as a choir of singers or a band of instrumentalists.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers may perform as soloists or accompanied by anything from a single instrument (as in art song or some jazz styles) up to a symphony orchestra or big band.", "Singing __knowledge__ Different singing styles include art music such as opera and Chinese opera, Hindustani music, and religious music styles such as gospel, traditional music styles, world music, jazz, blues, gazal and popular music styles such as pop, rock, electronic dance music and filmi.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing can be formal or informal, arranged or improvised.", "Singing __knowledge__ It may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort or ritual, as part of music education or as a profession.", "Singing __knowledge__ Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction and regular practice.", "Singing __knowledge__ If practice is done on a regular basis then the sounds can become more clear and strong.", "Chukat __knowledge__ Chukat, Hukath, or Chukkas ( — Hebrew for \"decree,\" the ninth word, and the first distinctive word, in the parashah) is the 39th weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the sixth in the Book of Numbers.", "Chukat __knowledge__ The parashah sets out the laws of corpse contamination (\"tumat hamet\") and purification with the water of lustration prepared with the Red Cow (, \"parah adumah\", also called the “Red Heifer”), and reports the deaths of Miriam and Aaron, the failure of Moses at the Waters of Meribah, and the conquest of Arad, the Amorites, and Bashan.", "Chukat __knowledge__ The parashah constitutes .", "Arctic Monkeys __knowledge__ Arctic Monkeys are an English rock band formed in 2002 in High Green, a suburb of Sheffield.", "Arctic Monkeys __knowledge__ The band consists of Alex Turner (lead vocals, rhythm/lead guitar), Matt Helders (drums, vocals), Jamie Cook (lead/rhythm guitar) and Nick O'Malley (bass, backing vocals).", "Arctic Monkeys __knowledge__ Former band member Andy Nicholson (bass guitar, backing vocals) left the band in 2006 shortly after their debut album was released.", "Arctic Monkeys __knowledge__ They have released five studio albums: \"Whatever People Say I Am, That's What I'm Not\" (2006), \"Favourite Worst Nightmare\" (2007), \"Humbug\" (2009), \"Suck It and See\" (2011) and \"AM\" (2013), as well as one live album, \"At the Apollo\" (2008).", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Political positions of Mike Huckabee __knowledge__ Mike Huckabee is the former Governor of Arkansas (1996-2007) and was an unsuccessful candidate for the Republican Party nomination for President of the United States in the 2008 presidential election.", "Political positions of Mike Huckabee __knowledge__ He was running for the Republican Party nomination for President of the United States in the 2016 presidential election but suspended his campaign on February 1, 2016 Huckabee opposes any public funding for abortion, and believes that abortion should be legal only when the life of the mother is at risk.", "Political positions of Mike Huckabee __knowledge__ He believes that it would \"most certainly\" be a good day for America if \"Roe v. Wade\" were repealed.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ \"Say Yes\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Michelle Williams, taken from her fourth studio album \"Journey to Freedom\" (2014).", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ It features Williams' former Destiny's Child groupmates Beyoncé and Kelly Rowland.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Williams, Carmen Reece, Al Sherrod Lambert and Harmony Samuels who also produced it.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ E1 Music released \"Say Yes\" as the album's third single on June 2, 2014.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ \"Say Yes\" marks the third time the trio collaborated as solo artists following the disbandment of their group in 2006.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ Musically, \"Say Yes\" is an uptempo gospel and pop song, which takes influence from dance music.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "12th Archeological Congress __knowledge__ The XIIth Archeological Congress Kharkiv, 1902 In the 1867 a tradition of holding Archeological Conferences known as Congresses was established in the Russian Empire.", "12th Archeological Congress __knowledge__ The aim of these conferences was to discuss and to make public studies dealing with matters of antiquity and ethnography.", "12th Archeological Congress __knowledge__ The Conferences were hosted by a different city of the Russian Empire every three years.", "12th Archeological Congress __knowledge__ The Third Archeological Congress was held in Kiev in 1873 and featured the renowned kobzar - Ostap Veresai.", "12th Archeological Congress __knowledge__ In 1902 the XIIth Archeological Congress was held in Kharkiv.", "12th Archeological Congress __knowledge__ By that time Ostap Veresai had died and ethnographers had come to the mistaken conclusion that he was the last kobzar.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ Suraiya Jamaal Sheikh (15 June 1929 – 31 January 2004), popularly known as Suraiya, was an Indian Punjabi Muslim Hindi/Hindustani film actress and playback singer in Bollywood from the 1940s to the early 1960s, who remained unmarried throughout her life, after her love affair with actor Dev Anand was aborted by her maternal grandmother.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ She was the most popular singing star of the Indian sub-continent of her generation.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ Until 1943, as a child singer, Suraiya did playback singing for one actress, namely Mehtab, in three films, and also in some of her own films for her roles as a child artiste.", "Suraiya __knowledge__ After this, she only sang for her own films as an actress, and acted as a heroine from 1946 until the end of her career in 1963.", "Mel Tormé __knowledge__ Melvin Howard Tormé (September 13, 1925 – June 5, 1999), nicknamed The Velvet Fog, was an American musician, best known as a singer of jazz standards.", "Mel Tormé __knowledge__ He was also a jazz composer and arranger, drummer, an actor in radio, film, and television, and the author of five books.", "Mel Tormé __knowledge__ He composed the music for \"The Christmas Song\" (\"Chestnuts Roasting on an Open Fire\") and co-wrote the lyrics with Bob Wells.", "Mel Tormé __knowledge__ Melvin Howard Tormé was born in Chicago, Illinois, to immigrant Russian Jewish parents whose surname had been Torma.", "Mel Tormé __knowledge__ A child prodigy, he first performed professionally at age 4 with the Coon-Sanders Orchestra, singing \"You're Driving Me Crazy\" at Chicago's Blackhawk restaurant.", "Big Mama Thornton __knowledge__ Willie Mae \"Big Mama\" Thornton (December 11, 1926 – July 25, 1984) was an American rhythm-and-blues singer and songwriter.", "Big Mama Thornton __knowledge__ She was the first to record Leiber and Stoller's \"Hound Dog\", in 1952, which became her biggest hit, staying seven weeks at number one on the \"Billboard\" R&B chart in 1953 and selling almost two million copies.", "Big Mama Thornton __knowledge__ Thornton's other recordings included the original version of \"Ball 'n' Chain\", which she wrote.", "Big Mama Thornton __knowledge__ Thornton's performances were characterized by her deep, powerful voice and strong sense of self.", "Big Mama Thornton __knowledge__ She was given her nickname, \"Big Mama,\" by Frank Schiffman, the manager of Harlem's Apollo Theater, because of her strong voice, size, and personality." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques.", "Singing __knowledge__ A person who sings is called a singer or vocalist.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers perform music (arias, recitatives, songs, etc.)", "Singing __knowledge__ that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as a choir of singers or a band of instrumentalists.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers may perform as soloists or accompanied by anything from a single instrument (as in art song or some jazz styles) up to a symphony orchestra or big band.", "Singing __knowledge__ Different singing styles include art music such as opera and Chinese opera, Hindustani music, and religious music styles such as gospel, traditional music styles, world music, jazz, blues, gazal and popular music styles such as pop, rock, electronic dance music and filmi.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing can be formal or informal, arranged or improvised.", "Singing __knowledge__ It may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort or ritual, as part of music education or as a profession.", "Singing __knowledge__ Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction and regular practice.", "Singing __knowledge__ If practice is done on a regular basis then the sounds can become more clear and strong.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Richard Christopher \"Rick\" Wakeman (born 18 May 1949) is an English keyboardist, songwriter, television and radio presenter, and author.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the progressive rock band Yes across five tenures between 1971 and 2004 and for his solo albums released in the 1970s.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is a current member of Yes Featuring Jon Anderson, Trevor Rabin and Rick Wakeman.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Born and raised in West London, Wakeman intended to be a concert pianist but quit his studies at the Royal College of Music in 1969 to become a full-time session musician.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ His early sessions included playing on \"Space Oddity\", among others, for David Bowie and songs by Junior's Eyes, T. Rex, Elton John, and Cat Stevens.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial of Conrad Murray (People of the State of California v. Conrad Robert Murray) was the American criminal trial of Michael Jackson's personal physician, Conrad Murray, who was charged with involuntary manslaughter for the pop singer's death on June 25, 2009, from a massive overdose of the general anesthetic propofol.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial, which started on September 27, 2011, was held in the Los Angeles County Superior Court in Los Angeles, California, before Judge Michael Pastor and it was televised.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The prosecutors in the case (David Walgren and Deborah Brazil, both Los Angeles deputy district attorneys), in their opening statement, told jurors: \"misplaced trust in the hands of Murray cost Jackson his life\".", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Bill Faison __knowledge__ Bill Faison is a former member of the North Carolina General Assembly representing the state's 50th House district from 2005 to 2012.", "Bill Faison __knowledge__ He is a member of the North Carolina Democratic Party.", "Bill Faison __knowledge__ Faison was born in Raleigh, grew up in Knightdale, was educated in Chapel Hill (AB 1969, JD 1972), and lives in Cedar Grove in northern Orange County.", "Bill Faison __knowledge__ He is a single father, a teacher, a farmer, a businessman, and a trial lawyer.", "Bill Faison __knowledge__ He practices law with Faison & Gillespie in Durham, North Carolina, representing people who have been injured by medical negligence and corporate negligence.", "Bill Faison __knowledge__ He has won for his clients numerous jury verdicts of more than a million dollars.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically.", "Electronic musical instrument __knowledge__ An electronic musical instrument is a musical instrument that produces sound using electronic circuitry.", "Electronic musical instrument __knowledge__ Such an instrument sounds by outputting an electrical, electronic or digital audio signal that ultimately is plugged into a power amplifier which drives a loudspeaker, creating the sound heard by the performer and listener.", "Electronic musical instrument __knowledge__ An electronic instrument might include a user interface for controlling its sound, often by adjusting the pitch, frequency, or duration of each note.", "Electronic musical instrument __knowledge__ A common user interface is the musical keyboard, which functions similarly to the keyboard on an acoustic piano, except that with an electronic keyboard, the keyboard itself does not make any sound.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ A musical instrument is an instrument created or adapted to make musical sounds.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ In principle, any object that produces sound can be considered a musical instrument—it is through purpose that the object becomes a musical instrument.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ The history of musical instruments dates to the beginnings of human culture.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Early musical instruments may have been used for ritual, such as a trumpet to signal success on the hunt, or a drum in a religious ceremony.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Cultures eventually developed composition and performance of melodies for entertainment.", "Musical instrument __knowledge__ Musical instruments evolved in step with changing applications.", "Television in the Republic of Ireland __knowledge__ Television in the Republic of Ireland is available through a variety of platforms.", "Television in the Republic of Ireland __knowledge__ The digital terrestrial television service is known as Saorview and is the primary source of broadcast television since analogue transmissions ended on 24 October 2012.", "Television in the Republic of Ireland __knowledge__ Digital satellite (from Sky Ireland, Saorsat and other European satellite service providers are available) and Cable (from Virgin Media Ireland) are also widely used.", "Television in the Republic of Ireland __knowledge__ The Irish satellite fill-in service (Saorsat) is via Ka-Sat using the Irish K band spot and has been available since June 2011.", "Television in the Republic of Ireland __knowledge__ While many people receive their television via Saorview, which is broadcast by 2RN, more than half subscribe to multichannel television networks.", "Daniel Dunglas Home __knowledge__ Daniel Dunglas Home (pronounced \"Hume\"; 20 March 183321 June 1886) was a Scottish physical medium with the reported ability to levitate to a variety of heights, speak with the dead, and to produce rapping and knocks in houses at will.", "Daniel Dunglas Home __knowledge__ His biographer Peter Lamont opines that he was one of the most famous men of his era.", "Daniel Dunglas Home __knowledge__ Harry Houdini described him as \"one of the most conspicuous and lauded of his type and generation\" and \"the forerunner of the mediums whose forte is fleecing by presuming on the credulity of the public.\"", "Daniel Dunglas Home __knowledge__ Home conducted hundreds of séances, which were attended by many eminent Victorians." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques.", "Singing __knowledge__ A person who sings is called a singer or vocalist.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers perform music (arias, recitatives, songs, etc.)", "Singing __knowledge__ that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as a choir of singers or a band of instrumentalists.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers may perform as soloists or accompanied by anything from a single instrument (as in art song or some jazz styles) up to a symphony orchestra or big band.", "Singing __knowledge__ Different singing styles include art music such as opera and Chinese opera, Hindustani music, and religious music styles such as gospel, traditional music styles, world music, jazz, blues, gazal and popular music styles such as pop, rock, electronic dance music and filmi.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing can be formal or informal, arranged or improvised.", "Singing __knowledge__ It may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort or ritual, as part of music education or as a profession.", "Singing __knowledge__ Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction and regular practice.", "Singing __knowledge__ If practice is done on a regular basis then the sounds can become more clear and strong.", "Gratuity __knowledge__ A gratuity (also called a tip) is a sum of money customarily given by a client or customer to a service worker, in addition to the basic price.", "Gratuity __knowledge__ Tipping is commonly given to certain service sector workers for a service performed or anticipated, as opposed to money offered for a product or as part of a purchase price.", "Gratuity __knowledge__ Depending on the country or location, it may or may not be customary to tip servers in bars and restaurants, taxi drivers, hair stylists and so on.", "Gratuity __knowledge__ The exchange is typically irreversible; differentiating it from the reward mechanism of a placed order, which can be refunded.", "Gratuity __knowledge__ Tips and their amount are a matter of social custom and etiquette, and the custom varies between countries and settings.", "Foursquare __knowledge__ Foursquare is a local search-and-discovery service mobile app which provides search results for its users.", "Foursquare __knowledge__ The app provides personalized recommendations of places to go to near a user's current location based on users' \"previous browsing history, purchases, or check-in history\".", "Foursquare __knowledge__ The service was created in late 2008 and launched in 2009 by Dennis Crowley and Naveen Selvadurai.", "Foursquare __knowledge__ Crowley had previously founded the similar project Dodgeball as his graduate thesis project in the Interactive Telecommunications Program (ITP) at New York University.", "Foursquare __knowledge__ Google bought Dodgeball in 2005 and shut it down in 2009, replacing it with Google Latitude.", "Aberfan disaster __knowledge__ The Aberfan disaster was the catastrophic collapse of a National Coal Board (NCB) colliery spoil tip in the Welsh village of Aberfan, near Merthyr Tydfil, on 21 October 1966.", "Aberfan disaster __knowledge__ The tip slid down the mountain above the village at 9.15 am, killing 116 children and 28 adults as it engulfed the local junior school and other buildings in the town.", "Aberfan disaster __knowledge__ The collapse was caused by the build-up of water in the accumulated rock and shale tip, which suddenly slid downhill in the form of slurry.", "Aberfan disaster __knowledge__ There were seven spoil tips on the slopes above Aberfan; tip seven—the one that slipped onto the village—was begun in 1958 and, at the time of the disaster, was 111 feet (34 m) high.", "PG Tips __knowledge__ PG Tips is a brand of tea in the United Kingdom, manufactured by Unilever UK.", "PG Tips __knowledge__ In the 1930s, Brooke Bond launched PG Tips in the tea market in the United Kingdom under the name \"Pre-Gestee\" - a variant of the original name 'Digestive Tea'.", "PG Tips __knowledge__ The name implied that it could be drunk prior to eating food, as a digestive aid.", "PG Tips __knowledge__ Grocers and salesmen abbreviated it to PG.", "PG Tips __knowledge__ After the Second World War, labelling regulations ruled out describing tea as aiding digestion—a property that had been attributed to tea—and by 1950/1 the PG name was adopted.", "PG Tips __knowledge__ The company added \"Tips\" referring to the fact that only the tips (the top two leaves and bud) of the tea plants are used in the blend.", "Cue stick __knowledge__ A cue stick (or simply cue, more specifically pool cue, snooker cue, or billiards cue), is an item of sporting equipment essential to the games of pool, snooker and carom billiards.", "Cue stick __knowledge__ It is used to strike a ball, usually the .", "Cue stick __knowledge__ Cues are tapered sticks, typically about 57–59 inches (about 1.5 m) long and usually between 16 and 21 ounces (450–600 g), with professionals gravitating toward a 19-ounce (540 g) average.", "Cue stick __knowledge__ Cues for carom tend toward the shorter range, though cue length is primarily a factor of player height and arm length.", "Cue stick __knowledge__ Most cues are made of wood, but occasionally the wood is covered or bonded with other materials including graphite, carbon fiber or fiberglass.", "Soldering iron __knowledge__ A soldering iron is a hand tool used in soldering.", "Soldering iron __knowledge__ It supplies heat to melt solder so that it can flow into the joint between two workpieces.", "Soldering iron __knowledge__ A soldering iron is composed of a heated metal tip and an insulated handle.", "Soldering iron __knowledge__ Heating is often achieved electrically, by passing an electric current (supplied through an electrical cord or battery cables) through a resistive heating element.", "Soldering iron __knowledge__ Cordless irons can be heated by combustion of gas stored in a small tank, often using a catalytic heater rather than a flame.", "Soldering iron __knowledge__ Simple irons less commonly used than in the past were simply a large copper bit on a handle, heated in a flame.", "Spoil tip __knowledge__ A spoil tip (also called a spoil bank, boney pile, gob pile, bing, batch, boney dump or pit heap) is a pile built of accumulated \"spoil\" – the \"overburden\" or other waste rock removed during coal and ore mining.", "Spoil tip __knowledge__ These waste materials are typically composed of shale, as well as smaller quantities of carboniferous sandstone and various other residues.", "Spoil tip __knowledge__ Spoil tips are not formed of slag, but in some areas they are referred to as slag heaps.", "Spoil tip __knowledge__ The term \"spoil\" is also used to refer to material removed when digging a foundation, tunnel, or other large excavation.", "Spoil tip __knowledge__ Such material may be ordinary soil and rocks, or may be heavily contaminated with chemical waste, determining how it may be disposed of.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ The music of Cuba, including its instruments, performance and dance, comprises a large set of unique traditions influenced mostly by west African and European (especially Spanish) music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Due to the syncretic nature of most of its genres, Cuban music is often considered one of the richest and most influential regional musics of the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ For instance, the son cubano merges an adapted Spanish guitar (tres), melody, harmony, and lyrical traditions with Afro-Cuban percussion and rhythms.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Almost nothing remains of the original native traditions, since the native population was exterminated in the 16th century.", "Ascetical theology __knowledge__ Ascetical theology is the organized study or presentation of spiritual teachings found in Christian Scripture and the Church Fathers that help the faithful to more perfectly follow Christ and attain to \"Christian perfection\".", "Ascetical theology __knowledge__ The word \"ascetic\" is from the Greek word ἄσκησις \"askesis\", meaning \"practice\".", "Ascetical theology __knowledge__ The English term \"ascesis\" means \"the practice of self-discipline\".", "Ascetical theology __knowledge__ Christian asceticism is commonly thought to imply self-denial for a spiritual purpose.", "Ascetical theology __knowledge__ The term \"ascetical theology\" is used primarily in Roman Catholic theology; Eastern Orthodox theology carries its own distinct terms and definitions (see below), and other religious traditions conceive of following and conforming to God and Christ differently from either Orthodoxy or Catholicism.", "Caller (dancing) __knowledge__ A caller is a person who prompts dance figures in such dances as line dance, square dance, and contra dance.", "Caller (dancing) __knowledge__ The caller might be one of the participating dancers, though in modern country dance this is rare.", "Caller (dancing) __knowledge__ In round dance a person who performs this function is called a cuer.", "Caller (dancing) __knowledge__ Their role is fundamentally the same as a caller, in that they tell dancers what to do in a given dance, though they differ on several smaller points.", "Caller (dancing) __knowledge__ In northern New England contra dancing, the caller is also known as the prompter.", "Caller (dancing) __knowledge__ Callers and cuers serve slightly different functions in different types of dance.", "Caller (dancing) __knowledge__ Improvisation in modern Western square dance calling distinguishes it from the calling in many other types of dance.", "Manchester Essex Regional Middle/High School __knowledge__ Manchester Essex Regional High School is the public high school for the towns of Essex and Manchester-by-the-Sea, Massachusetts with an approximate enrollment of 490 students and a total of 65 faculty members.", "Manchester Essex Regional Middle/High School __knowledge__ The mission of Manchester Essex Regional High School is \"to provide a rigorous, well-rounded educational program in a learning environment that encourages individual growth and prepares all students for the diverse challenges of their futures.\"", "Manchester Essex Regional Middle/High School __knowledge__ Based on the Class of 2012, 85.1% of graduates planned to attend a four-year college or university, 5.3% planned to attend a two-year school, and 9.6% of graduates indicated an immediate career plan.", "Roger Yang __knowledge__ Roger Yang Pei-an (; born June 5, 1971) is a Taiwanese rock singer known for breaking out as an \"undiscovered\" talent at the age of 35 in the Taiwanese music industry with the hit song, \"I Believe\" (我相信) that established his powerhouse, octave-jumping vocal skills, leading him to be dubbed as the \"Iron Lung Prince\" (鐵肺王子) by the Taiwanese media and the \"Treble God\" (高音之神) by his fans.", "Roger Yang __knowledge__ His voice has often compared to late singer-songwriter Zhang Yu-Sheng due to his penchant for singing the latter's songs and their similar ability to sing high notes effortlessly and clearly without using falsetto.", "Sufism __knowledge__ Sufism or Taṣawwuf (Arabic: الْتَّصَوُّف \"sect\"; personal noun: صُوفِيّ \"ṣūfiyy\"/\"ṣūfī\", مُتَصَوّف \"mutaṣawwuf\"), which is often defined as \"Islamic mysticism\", \"the inward dimension of Islam\", or \"the phenomenon of mysticism within Islam\", is a mystical trend in Islam \"characterized ... [by particular] values, ritual practices, doctrines and institutions\" which began very early in Islamic history and represented \"the main manifestation and the most important and central crystallization of\" mystical practice in Islam.", "Sufism __knowledge__ Practitioners of Sufism have been referred to as \"Sufis\" (Arabic plurals: صُوفِيَّة \"ṣūfiyyah\"; صُوفِيُّون \"ṣūfiyyūn\"; مُتَصَوُّفََة \"mutaṣawwufah\"; مُتَصَوُّفُون \"mutaṣawwufūn\"), an Arabic word which is believed by historians to have originally indicated the \"woollen clothes (\"ṣūf\") or rough garb\" worn by the early Islamic mystics." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques.", "Singing __knowledge__ A person who sings is called a singer or vocalist.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers perform music (arias, recitatives, songs, etc.)", "Singing __knowledge__ that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as a choir of singers or a band of instrumentalists.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers may perform as soloists or accompanied by anything from a single instrument (as in art song or some jazz styles) up to a symphony orchestra or big band.", "Singing __knowledge__ Different singing styles include art music such as opera and Chinese opera, Hindustani music, and religious music styles such as gospel, traditional music styles, world music, jazz, blues, gazal and popular music styles such as pop, rock, electronic dance music and filmi.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing can be formal or informal, arranged or improvised.", "Singing __knowledge__ It may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort or ritual, as part of music education or as a profession.", "Singing __knowledge__ Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction and regular practice.", "Singing __knowledge__ If practice is done on a regular basis then the sounds can become more clear and strong.", "Practice Makes Perfect (organization) __knowledge__ Practice Makes Perfect Holdings (PMP) is a for-profit corporation that partners with communities to create summer enrichment programs for inner-city youth from elementary school to college matriculation using a near-peer model.", "Practice Makes Perfect (organization) __knowledge__ The organization pairs skills development for younger students with leadership development, career training and college prep for older students.", "Practice Makes Perfect (organization) __knowledge__ PMP matches academically struggling elementary and middle school students with older, higher achieving mentor peers from the same inner-city neighborhoods.", "Practice Makes Perfect (organization) __knowledge__ Trained college interns and certified teachers supervise the near-peer relationship for a five-week program.", "Rotation (album) __knowledge__ Rotation is the second studio album by pop punk band Cute Is What We Aim For, released on June 24, 2008.", "Rotation (album) __knowledge__ Cute Is What We Aim For released their debut album \"The Same Old Blood Rush with a New Touch\" in June 2006 through major label Fueled by Ramen.", "Rotation (album) __knowledge__ Bassist Fred Cimato left the band in October and was replaced by Jack Marin.", "Rotation (album) __knowledge__ Marin subsequently left mid-tour in April 2007 and was replaced by Cimato.", "Rotation (album) __knowledge__ In late May, the band announced they would be writing and recording their next album in the fall, with the aiming of releasing it in late winter.", "Rotation (album) __knowledge__ In July, it was reported that the band had become a five piece with the addition of Dave Melillo in time for the group's stint on Warped Tour.", "Philippe de Broca __knowledge__ Philippe de Broca (; 15 March 1933 – 26 November 2004) was a French movie director.", "Philippe de Broca __knowledge__ He directed 30 full-length feature films, including the highly successful \"That Man from Rio (\"L'Homme de Rio\")\", \"The Man from Acapulco (Le Magnifique)\" and \"On Guard (Le Bossu)\".", "Philippe de Broca __knowledge__ His works include historical, romantic epics such as \"Chouans!\"", "Philippe de Broca __knowledge__ and \"King of Hearts (Le Roi de cœur)\", as well as comedies with a charismatic, breezy hero ready to embark upon any adventure which comes his way, so long as it means escaping everyday modern life: \"Practice Makes Perfect (Le Cavaleur)\", \"The Devil by the Tail (Le Diable par la queue)\", \"The African (L'Africain)\".", "Phi Sigma Sigma __knowledge__ Phi Sigma Sigma (ΦΣΣ), colloquially known as \"Phi Sig,\" was the first collegiate nonsectarian sorority, to allow membership of women of all faiths and backgrounds.", "Phi Sigma Sigma __knowledge__ The sorority was founded on November 26, 1913, and lists 60,000 initiated members, 115 collegiate chapters and more than 100 alumnae chapters, clubs and associations in the United States and Canada.", "Phi Sigma Sigma __knowledge__ Phi Sigma Sigma was founded to establish to the twin ideals of promoting the brotherhood of man and alleviation of the world’s pain.", "Phi Sigma Sigma __knowledge__ Phi Sigma Sigma was founded by ten women on November 26, 1913 at Hunter College, in Manhattan.", "Phi Sigma Sigma __knowledge__ The original name for the fraternity was Phi Sigma Omega, but they later learned this name was already in use by another organization.", "CSC Financial __knowledge__ CSC Financial Co., Ltd. trading as China Securities, is a Chinese investment bank and brokerage firm established by CITIC Securities and China Jianyin Investment in 2005 in a 60–40 ratio, as a successor of bankrupted China Securities Co., Ltd. (CSC).", "CSC Financial __knowledge__ However, the firm now majority owned by Jianyin Investment's parent company Central Huijin Investment and an asset managing subsidiary of .", "CSC Financial __knowledge__ The company registered in Hong Kong as a foreign incorporated company as China Securities Finance Co., Ltd. on 28 July 2016 and CSC Financial Co., Ltd. on 20 October, the latter was used in the IPO of CSC's H share.", "Praxis Makes Perfect __knowledge__ Praxis Makes Perfect is the second studio album by the pop-electronica-hip hop duo Neon Neon, which was produced by Boom Bip and Gruff Rhys, and the album was released on April 29, 2013 by Lex Records.", "Praxis Makes Perfect __knowledge__ \"Praxis Makes Perfect\" is a concept album based on the life of influential Italian publisher Giangiacomo Feltrinelli.", "Praxis Makes Perfect __knowledge__ The album charted at No.", "Praxis Makes Perfect __knowledge__ 43 in the United Kingdom.", "Praxis Makes Perfect __knowledge__ Heather Phares of Allmusic told that \"aside from the biographical concept and the largely electronic arrangements, they don't repeat themselves much.\"", "Praxis Makes Perfect __knowledge__ At \"Fact\", Steve Shaw affirmed that the release \"possesses all of the keen humour of the former, modest and understated to a tee.\"", "Cactus Makes Perfect __knowledge__ Cactus Makes Perfect is the 61st short subject released by Columbia Pictures in 1942 starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Curly Howard).", "Cactus Makes Perfect __knowledge__ The comedians released 190 short films for the studio between 1934 and 1959.", "Cactus Makes Perfect __knowledge__ The film opens with the Stooges' mother (played by male actor Monte Collins) attempting to wake up her three boys without success.", "Cactus Makes Perfect __knowledge__ \"Get out of bed you lazy loafers!\"", "Cactus Makes Perfect __knowledge__ she screams to no avail.", "Cactus Makes Perfect __knowledge__ Finally, she yanks a rope that leads from the kitchen to the bed where the trio is sleeping soundly.", "Cactus Makes Perfect __knowledge__ This causes the bed to spin vertically until they are expelled.", "Language __knowledge__ Language is a system that consists of the development, acquisition, maintenance and use of complex systems of communication, particularly the human ability to do so; and a language is any specific example of such a system.", "Language __knowledge__ The scientific study of language is called linguistics.", "Language __knowledge__ Questions concerning the philosophy of language, such as whether words can represent experience, have been debated at least since Gorgias and Plato in ancient Greece.", "Language __knowledge__ Thinkers such as Rousseau have argued that language originated from emotions while others like Kant have held that it originated from rational and logical thought.", "Prisons in Ukraine __knowledge__ Prisons in Ukraine are regulated by the State Penitentiary Service of Ukraine, a part of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine.", "Prisons in Ukraine __knowledge__ There are 32 preliminary prisons, 131 penitentiary establishments for adults and 8 colonies for minor criminals in Ukraine.", "Prisons in Ukraine __knowledge__ According to Amnesty International, torture and ill-treatment by the police is widespread in Ukrainian prisons.", "Prisons in Ukraine __knowledge__ Several police officers have been arrested for allegedly torturing detainees.", "Prisons in Ukraine __knowledge__ The War in Donbass, that started in the spring of 2014, significantly worsened the lives of inmates in the conflict zone.", "Prisons in Ukraine __knowledge__ In early 2010, there were over 147,000 people in prison and more than 38,000 in pre-trial detention facilities in Ukraine, a total three times that of Western European countries, and half as much as in the United States.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ Gunpowder is the first physical explosive and propellant.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ Before its invention, many incendiary and burning devices had been used, including Greek fire.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ The invention of gunpowder is attributed to experimentation in Chinese alchemy by Taoists in the pursuit of immortality, and is popularly listed as one of the \"Four Great Inventions\" of China.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ It was invented during the late Tang dynasty (9th century) but the earliest record of a written formula appeared in the Song dynasty (11th century).", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ Knowledge of gunpowder spread rapidly throughout the Old World possibly as a result of the Mongol conquests during the 13th century, with written formula for it appearing in the 1267 \"Opus Majus\" treatise by Roger Bacon and a 1280 treatise by Hasan al-Rammah.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from the British comedy-drama Shameless, created by Paul Abbott, which began broadcasting on Channel 4 in 2004.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The programme is set on the fictinal Chatsworth Estate in suburban Manchester and the surrounding area, and primarily follows the lives of the Gallagher family and the neighbouring Maguire family, and their friends and neighbours in the town's shops and local pub The Jockey.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The first series focuses on layabout Frank Gallagher and the lives of his six children, Fiona and boyfriend Steve, Lip, Ian, Carl, Debbie and Liam, and next-door neighbours, Kev and Veronica.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The Nashville Sounds are a Minor League Baseball team of the Pacific Coast League (PCL) and the Triple-A affiliate of the Oakland Athletics.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ They are located in Nashville, Tennessee, and are named for the city's association with the music industry.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at First Tennessee Park which opened in 2015 and is partially located on the site of the historic Sulphur Dell ballpark.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The Sounds previously played at Herschel Greer Stadium from its opening in 1978 until the end of the 2014 season.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ Established as an expansion team of the Double-A Southern League in 1978, the Sounds were replaced by a Triple-A American Association team in 1985." ] ]

[ 2, 1, 10, 11, 4 ]

[ "I like to sing, but other people don't like it when I do. Are you any good singing.", "Well, paybe you can be trained at producing musical sounds with the voice, so you can become a singer.", "Probably, but excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction and regular practice, not just natural talent.", "If you practice on a regular basis the sounds can become more clear and strong.", "I think you can overcome it with dedication. Do you prefer to thing with or without accompaniment by musical instruments?" ]

[ "Singing", "Singing", "Singing", "Singing", "Singing" ]

[ "Horse", "Yeah, I rode a horse when I was younger. I lost control once and got bucked off, lol.", "Yeah, luckily I only had a few bruises and scratches. I fared better than Christopher Reeve :(." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse (\"Equus ferus caballus\") is one of two extant subspecies of \"Equus ferus\".", "Horse __knowledge__ It is an odd-toed ungulate mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, \"Eohippus\", into the large, single-toed animal of today.", "Horse __knowledge__ Humans began to domesticate horses around 4000 BC, and their domestication is believed to have been widespread by 3000 BC.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses in the subspecies \"caballus\" are domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses.", "Horse __knowledge__ These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski's horse, a separate subspecies, and the only remaining true wild horse.", "Horse __knowledge__ There is an extensive, specialized vocabulary used to describe equine-related concepts, covering everything from anatomy to life stages, size, colors, markings, breeds, locomotion, and behavior.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses' anatomy enables them to make use of speed to escape predators and they have a well-developed sense of balance and a strong fight-or-flight response.", "Horse __knowledge__ Related to this need to flee from predators in the wild is an unusual trait: horses are able to sleep both standing up and lying down, with younger horse tending to sleep significantly more than adults." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse (\"Equus ferus caballus\") is one of two extant subspecies of \"Equus ferus\".", "Horse __knowledge__ It is an odd-toed ungulate mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, \"Eohippus\", into the large, single-toed animal of today.", "Horse __knowledge__ Humans began to domesticate horses around 4000 BC, and their domestication is believed to have been widespread by 3000 BC.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses in the subspecies \"caballus\" are domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses.", "Horse __knowledge__ These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski's horse, a separate subspecies, and the only remaining true wild horse.", "Horse __knowledge__ There is an extensive, specialized vocabulary used to describe equine-related concepts, covering everything from anatomy to life stages, size, colors, markings, breeds, locomotion, and behavior.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses' anatomy enables them to make use of speed to escape predators and they have a well-developed sense of balance and a strong fight-or-flight response.", "Horse __knowledge__ Related to this need to flee from predators in the wild is an unusual trait: horses are able to sleep both standing up and lying down, with younger horse tending to sleep significantly more than adults.", "Shepherd Hills Tested __knowledge__ Shepherd Hills Tested #20U (2008 – April 14, 2017) was the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association (PRCA) 2013 bucking bull of the year, the world champion title for animals in bull riding competition.", "Shepherd Hills Tested __knowledge__ Tested bucked on the PRCA and Professional Bull Riders (PBR) circuits from 2011-2014.", "Shepherd Hills Tested __knowledge__ His first title was the 2012 American Bucking Bull (ABBI) Classic World Champion.", "Shepherd Hills Tested __knowledge__ He went on to win the 2012 PRCA Bucking Bull of the NFR Finals title at the National Finals Rodeo (NFR) that same year.", "Shepherd Hills Tested __knowledge__ In 2013 he won the PRCA Bucking Bull of the Year and was also the PBR Reserve World Champion Bull.", "Shepherd Hills Tested __knowledge__ In his last year bucking, he repeated as the 2014 PBR Reserve World Champion Bull.", "Red Rock (bull) __knowledge__ Red Rock #007 (1976 - June 8, 1994) was a ProRodeo Hall of Fame bucking bull who retired from the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association (PRCA).", "Red Rock (bull) __knowledge__ Bull riders attempted to ride Red Rock 309 times and not one was able to stay on him until the eight-second whistle required for a scored ride.", "Red Rock (bull) __knowledge__ He was also chosen as the PRCA 1987 Bucking Bull of the Year.", "Red Rock (bull) __knowledge__ However, Red Rock is most famous for his association with bull riding icon Lane Frost and their famous matchup called the Challenge of the Champions.", "Red Rock (bull) __knowledge__ In 1994 Hollywood made a bull riding feature film called \"8 Seconds\" based on Lane Frost's life, which includes his duel with Red Rock.", "Bodacious (bull) __knowledge__ Bodacious #J-31 (1988—May 16, 2000) was a bucking bull who was known throughout the rodeo sport of bull riding as \"the world's most dangerous bull.\"", "Bodacious (bull) __knowledge__ He was also known as \"the greatest bull ever to buck.\"", "Bodacious (bull) __knowledge__ In 1999, Bodacious was inducted into the ProRodeo Hall of Fame, and in 2017 into the Bull Riding Hall of Fame.", "Bodacious (bull) __knowledge__ During his rodeo career he was the 1995 Professional Bull Riders (PBR) World Champion Bull plus the 1994 and 1995 Professional Rodeo Cowboy Association (PRCA) Bucking Bull of the Year.", "Bodacious (bull) __knowledge__ He and Bruiser are the only bulls who have won both titles.", "Bodacious (bull) __knowledge__ Bodacious won his titles in 1995, and Bruiser won his in 2017.", "J.W. Harris (bull rider) __knowledge__ James William Harrison, known as J.W.", "J.W. Harris (bull rider) __knowledge__ Harris (born July 14, 1986) is an American professional bull rider on the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association (PRCA) tour.", "J.W. Harris (bull rider) __knowledge__ He won the PRCA World Bull Riding Championship four times at the National Finals Rodeo (NFR).", "J.W. Harris (bull rider) __knowledge__ He competed in the PRCA from 2005 through 2014.", "J.W. Harris (bull rider) __knowledge__ He competed on the Professional Bull Riders (PBR) elite tour, the Built Ford Tough Series (BFTS), from 2014 through 2017.", "J.W. Harris (bull rider) __knowledge__ Harris took a break from the PRCA from 2015 to 2017 to focus on the PBR.", "J.W. Harris (bull rider) __knowledge__ In 2018, Harris retired from the PBR to return to the PRCA full-time.", "J.W. Harris (bull rider) __knowledge__ James William Harrison was born on July 14, 1986, in Coleman, Texas.", "Bones (bull) __knowledge__ Bones #05 (born March 31, 2003) is a retired world champion bucking bull owned by Tom Teague.", "Bones (bull) __knowledge__ In 2014, he received the Professional Bull Riders (PBR) Brand of Honor, the highest honor bestowed upon a bull by the PBR .", "Bones (bull) __knowledge__ He bucked on the PBR tour for four years on the Built Ford Tough Series (BFTS) elite circuit.", "Bones (bull) __knowledge__ The Brand of Honor designation is comparable to a hall of fame induction for the PBR.", "Bones (bull) __knowledge__ Bones was also awarded the World Champion Bull title in 2008 and 2010 at the PBR World Finals.", "Bones (bull) __knowledge__ Two other bulls, Dillinger and Bruiser, have won the title two times.", "Bones (bull) __knowledge__ Two other bulls, Little Yellow Jacket and Bushwacker, won the award three times.", "Red Wolf (bull) __knowledge__ Red Wolf #112 (1988 – December 29, 2006) was a 2013 Professional Bull Riders (PBR) Celebration: Brand of Honor bucking bull in the sport of bull riding.", "Red Wolf (bull) __knowledge__ He won the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association (PRCA) Bull of the Year in 1996 as well as many other honors throughout his career.", "Red Wolf (bull) __knowledge__ He bucked until he was 12 years old, considered an old age for a bull to buck, and he did it at a very high level.", "Red Wolf (bull) __knowledge__ He bucked more than 100 times at all levels, which very few bulls manage.", "Red Wolf (bull) __knowledge__ He retired in 2000.", "Red Wolf (bull) __knowledge__ He is also known for the accidental death of bull rider Brent Thurman.", "Red Wolf (bull) __knowledge__ Red Wolf was born in 1988.", "Red Wolf (bull) __knowledge__ He was red with a white face.", "V-61 __knowledge__ V-61 (c. 1962 - 1974) was a hall of fame bucking bull known only by his brand, V-61.", "V-61 __knowledge__ In 1970 he was the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association (PRCA) Bull of the Year.", "V-61 __knowledge__ In 2012, the Texas Rodeo Cowboy Hall of Fame inducted V-61.", "V-61 __knowledge__ In 2015, the Bull Riding Hall of Fame inducted him into its inaugural class.", "V-61 __knowledge__ In 930 attempts, only four bull riders managed to complete rides on him for a total of five qualified rides.", "V-61 __knowledge__ His owner retired him in January 1974, but his retirement was short-lived as he died later that year.", "V-61 __knowledge__ V-61 was most likely born in 1962 since a veterinarian estimated his age at 9 years old in 1971.", "Sophie Germain prime __knowledge__ In number theory, a prime number \"p\" is a Sophie Germain prime if 2\"p\" + 1 is also prime.", "Sophie Germain prime __knowledge__ The number 2\"p\" + 1 associated with a Sophie Germain prime is called a safe prime.", "Sophie Germain prime __knowledge__ For example, 29 is a Sophie Germain prime and 2 × 29 + 1 = 59 is its associated safe prime.", "Sophie Germain prime __knowledge__ Sophie Germain primes are named after French mathematician Sophie Germain, who used them in her investigations of Fermat's Last Theorem.", "Sophie Germain prime __knowledge__ Sophie Germain primes and safe primes have applications in public key cryptography and primality testing.", "Sophie Germain prime __knowledge__ It has been conjectured that there are infinitely many Sophie Germain primes, but this remains unproven.", "Horse culture in Mongolia __knowledge__ Horses play a large role in the daily and national life of the Mongols; it is traditionally said that \"A Mongol without a horse is like a bird without the wings.\"", "Horse culture in Mongolia __knowledge__ Elizabeth Kendall, who travelled through Mongolia in 1911, observed, \"To appreciate the Mongol you must see him on horseback,—and indeed you rarely see him otherwise, for he does not put foot to ground if he can help it.", "Horse culture in Mongolia __knowledge__ The Mongol without his pony is only half a Mongol, but with his pony he is as good as two men.", "Horse culture in Mongolia __knowledge__ It is a fine sight to see him tearing over the plain, loose bridle, easy seat, much like the Western cowboy, but with less sprawl.\"", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ Joseph Mercer, OBE (born 25 October 1934) is a retired English thoroughbred race horse jockey.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ He was active as a jockey from 1947 to 1985 and rode a total of 2,810 winners in Britain.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ Mercer's nickname was \"Smokin' Joe\".", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ He was apprenticed to trainer Frederick Sneyd and won his first British Classic race while still an apprentice on Ambiguity in the 1953 Epsom Oaks.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ He was British flat racing Champion Apprentice twice, in 1952 and 1953.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ He subsequently worked as stable jockey for Jack Colling, Dick Hern, Henry Cecil and Peter Walwyn.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ During his spell at Cecil's yard he won his only British flat racing Champion Jockey's title in 1979.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ The first use of horses in warfare occurred over 5,000 years ago.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of horses ridden in warfare dates from Eurasia between 4000 and 3000 BC.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ A Sumerian illustration of warfare from 2500 BC depicts some type of equine pulling wagons.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ By 1600 BC, improved harness and chariot designs made chariot warfare common throughout the Ancient Near East, and the earliest written training manual for war horses was a guide for training chariot horses written about 1350 BC.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ As formal cavalry tactics replaced the chariot, so did new training methods, and by 360 BC, the Greek cavalry officer Xenophon had written an extensive treatise on horsemanship.", "Domestication of the horse __knowledge__ A number of hypotheses exist on many of the key issues regarding the domestication of the horse.", "Domestication of the horse __knowledge__ Although horses appeared in Paleolithic cave art as early as 30,000 BCE, these were wild horses and were probably hunted for meat.", "Domestication of the horse __knowledge__ How and when horses became domesticated is disputed.", "Domestication of the horse __knowledge__ The clearest evidence of early use of the horse as a means of transport is from chariot burials dated c. 2000 BCE.", "Domestication of the horse __knowledge__ However, an increasing amount of evidence supports the hypothesis that horses were domesticated in the Eurasian Steppes approximately 3500 BCE; recent discoveries in the context of the Botai culture suggest that Botai settlements in the Akmola Province of Kazakhstan are the location of the earliest domestication of the horse.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ The Arabian or Arab horse ( , DMG \"ḥiṣān ʿarabī\") is a breed of horse that originated on the Arabian Peninsula.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ With a distinctive head shape and high tail carriage, the Arabian is one of the most easily recognizable horse breeds in the world.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ It is also one of the oldest breeds, with archaeological evidence of horses in the Middle East that resemble modern Arabians dating back 4,500 years.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ Throughout history, Arabian horses have spread around the world by both war and trade, used to improve other breeds by adding speed, refinement, endurance, and strong bone.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ Today, Arabian bloodlines are found in almost every modern breed of riding horse." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse (\"Equus ferus caballus\") is one of two extant subspecies of \"Equus ferus\".", "Horse __knowledge__ It is an odd-toed ungulate mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, \"Eohippus\", into the large, single-toed animal of today.", "Horse __knowledge__ Humans began to domesticate horses around 4000 BC, and their domestication is believed to have been widespread by 3000 BC.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses in the subspecies \"caballus\" are domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses.", "Horse __knowledge__ These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski's horse, a separate subspecies, and the only remaining true wild horse.", "Horse __knowledge__ There is an extensive, specialized vocabulary used to describe equine-related concepts, covering everything from anatomy to life stages, size, colors, markings, breeds, locomotion, and behavior.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses' anatomy enables them to make use of speed to escape predators and they have a well-developed sense of balance and a strong fight-or-flight response.", "Horse __knowledge__ Related to this need to flee from predators in the wild is an unusual trait: horses are able to sleep both standing up and lying down, with younger horse tending to sleep significantly more than adults.", "Christopher Reeve __knowledge__ Christopher D'Olier Reeve (September 25, 1952 – October 10, 2004) was an American actor.", "Christopher Reeve __knowledge__ He achieved stardom for his acting achievements, in particular.", "Christopher Reeve __knowledge__ He is best known for his motion picture portrayal of the classic DC comic book superhero Superman, beginning with the acclaimed \"Superman\" (1978), for which he won a BAFTA Award.", "Christopher Reeve __knowledge__ Reeve appeared in other critically acclaimed films such as \"The Bostonians\" (1984), \"Street Smart\" (1987) and \"The Remains of the Day\" (1993).", "Christopher Reeve __knowledge__ He received a Screen Actors Guild Award and a Golden Globe Award nomination for his performance in the television remake of \"Rear Window\" (1998).", "Superman in film __knowledge__ The fictional character Superman, an American comic book superhero in DC Comics publications, has appeared in movies almost since his inception.", "Superman in film __knowledge__ He debuted in cinemas in a series of animated shorts beginning in 1941, and then starred in two movie serials in 1948 and 1950.", "Superman in film __knowledge__ An independent studio, Lippert Pictures, released the first Superman feature film, \"Superman and the Mole Men\", starring George Reeves, in 1951.", "Superman in film __knowledge__ Ilya and Alexander Salkind and Pierre Spengler purchased the \"Superman\" film rights in 1974.", "Superman in film __knowledge__ After numerous scripts, Richard Donner was hired to direct the film, filming \"Superman\" (1978) and \"Superman II\" (1980) simultaneously.", "Dana Reeve __knowledge__ Dana Charles Reeve (née Morosini; March 17, 1961 – March 6, 2006) was an American actress, singer, and activist for disability causes.", "Dana Reeve __knowledge__ She was the wife of actor Christopher Reeve.", "Dana Reeve __knowledge__ Reeve was born in Teaneck, New Jersey to Charles Morosini, a cardiologist, and Helen Simpson Morosini, who died in February 2005.", "Dana Reeve __knowledge__ She grew up in the town of Greenburgh, New York, where she graduated from Edgemont High School in 1979.", "Dana Reeve __knowledge__ She graduated \"summa cum laude\" and Phi Beta Kappa in English Literature from Middlebury College in Vermont in 1984.", "Dana Reeve __knowledge__ In 2004 she and husband Christopher Reeve received honorary Doctorates of Humane Letters from Middlebury.", "Smallville (season 2) __knowledge__ Season two of \"Smallville\", an American television series developed by Alfred Gough and Miles Millar, began airing on September 24, 2002, on The WB television network.", "Smallville (season 2) __knowledge__ The series recounts the early adventures of Kryptonian Clark Kent as he adjusts to life in the fictional town of Smallville, Kansas, during the years before he becomes Superman.", "Smallville (season 2) __knowledge__ The second season comprises 23 episodes and concluded its initial airing on May 20, 2003.", "Smallville (season 2) __knowledge__ Regular cast members during season two include Tom Welling, Kristin Kreuk, Michael Rosenbaum, Sam Jones III, Allison Mack, John Glover, Annette O'Toole and John Schneider.", "Matthew Reeve __knowledge__ Matthew Exton Reeve (born 20 December 1979) is an independent producer/director, screenwriter, and activist.", "Matthew Reeve __knowledge__ Born in London, he is the eldest son of Christopher Reeve from his long-term partnership with Gae Exton.", "Matthew Reeve __knowledge__ After graduating from Brown University in 2002, Reeve produced and directed the documentary \"Christopher Reeve: Hope in Motion\" - which won the Communicator Award for Excellence in documentary filmmaking and was nominated for an Emmy.", "Matthew Reeve __knowledge__ The film first aired on ABC on September 18, 2002 (as \"Christopher Reeve: Courageous Steps\") and then later on BBC 1 on 9 February 2003 and in numerous other countries.", "Superman (1978 film) __knowledge__ Superman (informally titled Superman: The Movie in some listings and reference sources) is a 1978 superhero film directed by Richard Donner and based on the DC Comics character of the same name.", "Superman (1978 film) __knowledge__ The film is a British, Swiss, Panamanian and American joint venture, produced by Warner Bros., Film Export A.G., Dovemead Limited and International Film Productions.", "Superman (1978 film) __knowledge__ \"Superman\" features an ensemble cast of Marlon Brando, Gene Hackman, Christopher Reeve, Jeff East, Margot Kidder, Glenn Ford, Phyllis Thaxter, Jackie Cooper, Trevor Howard, Marc McClure, Terence Stamp, Valerie Perrine, Ned Beatty, Jack O'Halloran, Maria Schell, and Sarah Douglas.", "Christopher and Dana Reeve Foundation __knowledge__ The Christopher & Dana Reeve Foundation is a charitable organization headquartered in Short Hills, New Jersey and dedicated to finding treatments and cures for paralysis caused by spinal cord injury and other neurological disorders.", "Christopher and Dana Reeve Foundation __knowledge__ It also works to improve the quality of life for people living with disabilities.", "Christopher and Dana Reeve Foundation __knowledge__ In 2002, Christopher Reeve said, “Nothing of any consequence happens unless people get behind an idea.", "Christopher and Dana Reeve Foundation __knowledge__ It begins with an individual and they share the idea with more individuals…and eventually it becomes a movement.” The Reeve Foundation was started in 1982 as a community response to a crisis that has grown into a national movement.", "Even-toed ungulate __knowledge__ The even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla, ) are ungulates (hoofed animals) whose weight is borne equally by the third and fourth toes.", "Even-toed ungulate __knowledge__ By contrast, odd-toed ungulates, such as horses, bear their weight primarily on their third toes.", "Even-toed ungulate __knowledge__ The aquatic cetaceans (whales, dolphins, and porpoises) evolved from within even-toed ungulates, so modern taxonomic classification sometimes combines the Artiodactyla and Cetacea into the Cetartiodactyla.", "Even-toed ungulate __knowledge__ Excluding whales, the roughly 220 artiodactyl species include pigs, peccaries, hippopotamuses, cetaceans, camels, llamas, alpacas, mouse deer, deer, giraffes, antelopes, sheep, goats, and cattle, many of which are of great dietary, economic, and cultural importance to humans.", "Horse behavior __knowledge__ Horse Behaviour has been studied by horse users for centuries, as the horse was one of the first animals mankind domesticated and understanding its behaviour has always been important in horse welfare and in training to get the best use out of a horse.", "Horse behavior __knowledge__ In the wild, horses are prey animals that live in herds, which affects their reactions to other horses and to the world around them.", "Horse behavior __knowledge__ Their behaviour in wild, feral conditions has been studied extensively as has their reactions to living and working in domestic situations.", "Horse behavior __knowledge__ Interactions with other horses, such as dominance and communication methods has been studied extensively and numerous books and videos exist on different aspects of horse behaviour.", "Odd-toed ungulate __knowledge__ Members of the order Perissodactyla, otherwise known as odd-toed ungulates, are mammals characterized by an odd number of toes and by hindgut fermentation with somewhat simple stomachs.", "Odd-toed ungulate __knowledge__ Perissodactyla comes from the Ancient Greek περισσός (\"perissós\", “uneven”) + δάκτυλος (\"dáktulos\", “a finger, toe”).", "Odd-toed ungulate __knowledge__ Unlike the even-toed ungulates, they digest plant cellulose in their intestines rather than in one or more stomach chambers.", "Odd-toed ungulate __knowledge__ The order includes three extant families: Equidae (horses, asses, and zebras), Rhinocerotidae (rhinoceroses), and Tapiridae (tapirs), with a total of about 17 species.", "Odd-toed ungulate __knowledge__ Despite their very different appearances, they were recognized as related families in the 19th century by the zoologist Richard Owen, who also coined the order name.", "Stallion __knowledge__ A stallion is a male horse that has not been gelded (castrated).", "Stallion __knowledge__ Stallions follow the conformation and phenotype of their breed, but within that standard, the presence of hormones such as testosterone may give stallions a thicker, \"cresty\" neck, as well as a somewhat more muscular physique as compared to female horses, known as mares, and castrated males, called geldings.", "Stallion __knowledge__ Temperament varies widely based on genetics, and training, but because of their instincts as herd animals, they may be prone to aggressive behavior, particularly toward other stallions, and thus require careful management by knowledgeable handlers.", "Ungulate __knowledge__ Ungulates (pronounced ) are any members of a diverse group of primarily large mammals that includes odd-toed ungulates such as horses and rhinoceroses, and even-toed ungulates such as cattle, pigs, giraffes, camels, deer, and hippopotamuses.", "Ungulate __knowledge__ Most terrestrial ungulates use the tips of their toes, usually hoofed, to sustain their whole body weight while moving.", "Ungulate __knowledge__ The term means, roughly, \"being hoofed\" or \"hoofed animal\".", "Ungulate __knowledge__ As a descriptive term, \"ungulate\" normally excludes cetaceans (whales, dolphins, porpoises), as they do not possess most of the typical morphological characteristics of ungulates, but recent discoveries indicate that they are descended from early artiodactyls.", "Mammal __knowledge__ Mammals are the vertebrates within the class Mammalia ( from Latin \"mamma\" \"breast\"), a clade of endothermic amniotes distinguished from reptiles (including birds) by the possession of a neocortex (a region of the brain), hair, three middle ear bones, and mammary glands.", "Mammal __knowledge__ Females of all mammal species nurse their young with milk, secreted from the mammary glands.", "Mammal __knowledge__ Mammals include the largest animal on the planet, the blue whale.", "Mammal __knowledge__ The basic body type is a terrestrial quadruped, but some mammals are adapted for life at sea, in the air, in trees, underground or on two legs.", "Mammal __knowledge__ The largest group of mammals, the placentals, have a placenta, which enables the feeding of the fetus during gestation." ] ]

[ 0, 3, 4 ]

[ "I have a farm with some animals...including horses which I ride on occassion. Have you ridden a horse before?", "Horses have evolved over 45 million years from small toed creatures into the stallions they are today. But, they do sometimes have attitudes :=)", "Heh, humans started to domesticate them around 4000 BC. That's a long time ago!" ]

[ "Horse", "Horse", "Horse" ]

[ "Skateboarding", "Is skateboarding difficult or dangerous? I have never tried but interested in it.", "Are there any skateboarding competitions?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding is an action sport which involves riding and performing tricks using a skateboard.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding can also be considered a recreational activity, an art form, a job, or a method of transportation.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding has been shaped and influenced by many skateboarders throughout the years.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ A 2009 report found that the skateboarding market is worth an estimated $4.8 billion in annual revenue with 11.08 million active skateboarders in the world.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ In 2016, it was announced that skateboarding will be represented at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Since the 1970s, skateparks have been constructed specifically for use by skateboarders, Freestyle BMXers, aggressive skaters, and very recently, scooters.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ However, skateboarding has become controversial in areas in which the activity, although illegal, has damaged curbs, stoneworks, steps, benches, plazas and parks.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The first skateboards started with wooden boxes, or boards, with roller skate wheels attached to the bottom.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Crate scooters preceded skateboards, having a wooden crate attached to the nose (front of the board), which formed rudimentary handlebars.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The boxes turned into planks, similar to the skateboard decks of today." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding is an action sport which involves riding and performing tricks using a skateboard.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding can also be considered a recreational activity, an art form, a job, or a method of transportation.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding has been shaped and influenced by many skateboarders throughout the years.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ A 2009 report found that the skateboarding market is worth an estimated $4.8 billion in annual revenue with 11.08 million active skateboarders in the world.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ In 2016, it was announced that skateboarding will be represented at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Since the 1970s, skateparks have been constructed specifically for use by skateboarders, Freestyle BMXers, aggressive skaters, and very recently, scooters.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ However, skateboarding has become controversial in areas in which the activity, although illegal, has damaged curbs, stoneworks, steps, benches, plazas and parks.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The first skateboards started with wooden boxes, or boards, with roller skate wheels attached to the bottom.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Crate scooters preceded skateboards, having a wooden crate attached to the nose (front of the board), which formed rudimentary handlebars.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The boxes turned into planks, similar to the skateboard decks of today.", "Street skateboarding __knowledge__ Street skateboarding is a style of skateboarding that focuses on tricks and transitions in public places.", "Street skateboarding __knowledge__ Street skateboarders skate in urban streets, plazas or industrial areas, making use of park benches and picnic tables, guard rails and handrails, planter boxes, bins, stairs, retaining walls and other street furniture not purpose-built for skateboarding.", "Street skateboarding __knowledge__ Competition street skateboarding is conducted in purpose-built skateparks designed to replicate real-world urban environments featuring purpose built benches, stairs and rails alongside traditional skatepark elements like vert ramps and funboxes.", "Miyar Valley __knowledge__ Miyar Valley belongs to the division of Punjab Himalaya.", "Miyar Valley __knowledge__ It is a part of the Lahoul Range, located between Pir Panjal and Zanskar Range.", "Miyar Valley __knowledge__ The valley is nearly 75 km long and stretches between Udaipur (2649 m) and Kang La Pass (5468 m).", "Miyar Valley __knowledge__ More than 50% (568 km²) of area of the Miyar Valley (975.7 km²) is covered in glaciers.", "Miyar Valley __knowledge__ Administratively valley belongs to the district of Lahul and Spiti (Himachal Pradesh).", "Miyar Valley __knowledge__ Temperatures and precipitation in the Miyar Valley vary widely.", "Miyar Valley __knowledge__ The annual average values are respectively: at the mouth of the valley – Udaipur (2649 m) 9.4°C and 1057 mm; in its middle part – Sucto village (3448 m) 5°C and 605 mm; and in higher parts (alpine and nival level) average annual temperature always stays below 0°C..", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Lewis Kristian Marnell (3 December 1982 – 18 January 2013) was a professional skateboarder from Melbourne, Australia who was Slam Magazine's 2008 \"Skater of the Year\".", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Marnell died in January 2013, following complications related to type 1 (juvenile) diabetes, a condition that was diagnosed when he was 10 years old.", "Lewis Marnell __knowledge__ Numerous tributes were published following Marnell's death and his longtime skateboard deck sponsor, Almost Skateboards, continues to use the hashtag \"#LewisMarnellForever\"—on 15 and 29 July 2014, the company published the hashtag with 2006 video footage of Marnell skateboarding in Japan.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ John Rodney Mullen (born August 17, 1966) is an American professional skateboarder, entrepreneur, inventor, and public speaker who practices freestyle and street skateboarding.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ He is widely considered the most influential street skater in the history of the sport, being credited for inventing numerous tricks, including the kickflip, heelflip, impossible, and 360-flip.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ As a result, he has been called the \"Godfather of Street Skateboarding.\"", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ Rodney Mullen won his first world skateboard championship at the age of 14; over the following decade, he won 35 out of 36 freestyle contests, thus establishing the most successful competitive run in the history of the sport.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Daewon David Song (born February 17, 1975) is a Korean-born American professional skateboarder, recognized for his skillful technical street skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ He is a co-owner of Almost Skateboards, along with Rodney Mullen, and also skates for the company alongside other sponsored team riders.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song was named the 2006 \"Skater of the Year\" by \"Thrasher\" magazine, an award that is widely considered to be one of the most significant honors in skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song, a Korean American, was born in Seoul, South Korea, and grew up in Gardena, California, following a year spent with his grandmother in Hawaii, US.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Paul Martin Rodriguez Jr. (born December 31, 1984), also known by his nickname P-Rod, is an American professional street skateboarder and actor.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Rodriguez has won a total of eight medals at the X Games, four of them gold, with the most recent first-place victory occurring in Los Angeles, United States (U.S.) in July 2012.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Rodriguez was born in Tarzana, California, U.S. His father is actor/comedian Paul Rodriguez, and his mother is Laura Martinez.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ He also has a sister Nikole, and a brother Lucas.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ As a child, Rodriguez occasionally got to meet celebrities through his father.", "Paul Rodriguez (skateboarder) __knowledge__ In a later interview, he recounted one such memory: I'll tell you a good story about Mr. T. I believe it was 1988, every year there was a Christmas Day parade in Pasadena [California, US]; I was probably about three-and-a-half, four years-old—I loved Mr. T. He had the cartoon out at the time and all that.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Snowboarding is a recreational activity and Olympic and Paralympic sport that involves descending a snow-covered slope while standing on a snowboard attached to a rider's feet.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ The development of snowboarding was inspired by skateboarding, sledding, surfing and skiing.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ It was developed in the United States in the 1960s, became a Winter Olympic Sport at Nagano in 1998 and first featured in the Winter Paralympics at Sochi in 2014.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) in the United States peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Modern snowboarding began in 1965 when Sherman Poppen, an engineer in Muskegon, Michigan, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so he would have some control as they stood on the board and glided downhill.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ Longboarding is the act of riding on a longboard.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ Longboarding also has competitive races down hill, with some riders reaching speeds exceeding 50 miles per hour.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ A longboard varies in shape and size unlike its set counterpart, the skateboard, and has more stability, traction and durability due to larger wheel size and lower wheel durometers.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ Many, but not all longboards, use trucks (axles) that contain different geometric parameters than a skateboard as well.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ These factors and their variation have given way to a variety of disciplines, functions and purposes for a longboard.", "Longboarding __knowledge__ The angles at which some longboards can turn, as well as their ability to coast long distances make them more suitable for cruising, and commuting, on streets than regular skateboards.", "SSX 3 __knowledge__ SSX 3 is a snowboard racing game developed by EA Canada and published under the EA Sports BIG brand.", "SSX 3 __knowledge__ The game was initially released on October 20, 2003 for the GameCube, PlayStation 2, and Xbox.", "SSX 3 __knowledge__ It was later ported to the Game Boy Advance by Visual Impact on November 11, 2003 and to the Gizmondo by Exient Entertainment on August 31, 2005 as a launch title.", "SSX 3 __knowledge__ It is the third installment in the \"SSX\" series.", "SSX 3 __knowledge__ Set on a fictional mountain, the single-player mode follows snowboarders competing in the SSX Championship.", "SSX 3 __knowledge__ Players choose from a variety of characters and take part in various events in different locations, earning points and money by performing tricks, winning races, completing goals and finding collectables.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ A skateboard is a type of sports equipment used primarily for the activity of skateboarding.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ It usually consists of a specially designed maplewood board combined with a polyurethane coating used for making smoother slides and stronger durability.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ Most skateboards are made with 7 plies of this wood.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ A skateboard is moved by pushing with one foot while the other remains on the board, or by pumping one's legs in structures such as a bowl or half pipe.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ A skateboard can also be used by simply standing on the deck while on a downward slope and allowing gravity to propel the board and rider.", "Skateboard __knowledge__ If the rider's leading foot is their right foot, he/she is said to ride \"goofy;\" if the rider's leading foot is their left foot, he/she is said to ride \"regular.\"", "Flip trick __knowledge__ A flip trick is a type of skateboarding trick in which the skateboard rotates around its vertical axis, or its vertical axis and its horizontal axis simultaneously.", "Flip trick __knowledge__ The first flip trick called a kickflip, originally called a \"magic flip,\" was invented by professional skateboarder Rodney Mullen.", "Flip trick __knowledge__ The following is a list of general skateboarding terms that will assist novice readers to better understand the descriptions of flip tricks contained in this article: The concepts of frontside and backside originate from surfing, whereby the terms defined the position of the surfer in relation to the wave." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding is an action sport which involves riding and performing tricks using a skateboard.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding can also be considered a recreational activity, an art form, a job, or a method of transportation.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Skateboarding has been shaped and influenced by many skateboarders throughout the years.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ A 2009 report found that the skateboarding market is worth an estimated $4.8 billion in annual revenue with 11.08 million active skateboarders in the world.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ In 2016, it was announced that skateboarding will be represented at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Since the 1970s, skateparks have been constructed specifically for use by skateboarders, Freestyle BMXers, aggressive skaters, and very recently, scooters.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ However, skateboarding has become controversial in areas in which the activity, although illegal, has damaged curbs, stoneworks, steps, benches, plazas and parks.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The first skateboards started with wooden boxes, or boards, with roller skate wheels attached to the bottom.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ Crate scooters preceded skateboards, having a wooden crate attached to the nose (front of the board), which formed rudimentary handlebars.", "Skateboarding __knowledge__ The boxes turned into planks, similar to the skateboard decks of today.", "World Skateboarding Grand Prix __knowledge__ World Skateboarding Grand Prix (WSGP) is a skateboarding event management company based in Sacramento, California.", "World Skateboarding Grand Prix __knowledge__ WSGP hosts world-class skateboarding events globally with a commitment to help stimulate local economies through tourism and support youth development, especially those in underserved or impoverished communities, through skate clinics, demos, pro tours and more.", "World Skateboarding Grand Prix __knowledge__ In 2013 and 2014, WSPG presented the Kimberley Diamond Cup World Skateboarding Championships in Kimberley, South Africa.", "World Skateboarding Grand Prix __knowledge__ The events featured the largest single-event prize purses in competitive skateboarding in 2013, including $100,000 for first prize in the Street skateboarding competition.", "Ty Page __knowledge__ Ty Scott Page (born May 30, 1958 died 1st June 2017) was a professional skateboarder who was known as one of the most innovative skateboarders in the world.", "Ty Page __knowledge__ Ty Page was a leader in the skateboarding scene during \"the golden era\" of skateboarding in the early 1970s.", "Ty Page __knowledge__ He is best known for creating a freestyle trick called the Ty Hop, which nowadays is known as the \"shove-it.\"", "Ty Page __knowledge__ Ty Page grew up in Hermosa Beach, California, a frisbee throw away from the breakwater.", "Ty Page __knowledge__ Ty’s sister, Kim, described the family’s “endless summer” life: “My dad was a huge surfer so we grew up on boards.", "Ty Page __knowledge__ Sometimes when the surf was good he’d say, ‘Don't go to school today.", "Street League Skateboarding __knowledge__ Launched in 2010, Street League Skateboarding (SLS) is an international competitive series in professional skateboarding.", "Street League Skateboarding __knowledge__ The league features 25 professional street skateboarders competing for the largest monetary prize in the history of skateboarding, and was founded by professional skateboarder and entrepreneur Rob Dyrdek.", "Street League Skateboarding __knowledge__ SLS is the first-ever professional league for street skateboarding.", "Street League Skateboarding __knowledge__ SLS introduced the ISX (Instant Scoring Experience) to competitive skateboarding events.", "Street League Skateboarding __knowledge__ The unique scoring format scores each trick independently, in contrast to all other professional contests that grade on overall impression of a full run or series of tricks performed within a certain time frame.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ John Rodney Mullen (born August 17, 1966) is an American professional skateboarder, entrepreneur, inventor, and public speaker who practices freestyle and street skateboarding.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ He is widely considered the most influential street skater in the history of the sport, being credited for inventing numerous tricks, including the kickflip, heelflip, impossible, and 360-flip.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ As a result, he has been called the \"Godfather of Street Skateboarding.\"", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ Rodney Mullen won his first world skateboard championship at the age of 14; over the following decade, he won 35 out of 36 freestyle contests, thus establishing the most successful competitive run in the history of the sport.", "Wallenberg Set __knowledge__ Wallenberg, also known as the Wallenberg Four, is located at the Wallenberg Traditional High School in San Francisco, California.", "Wallenberg Set __knowledge__ It is a popular gap among the skateboarding community and measures 6 feet high and 22 feet and 6 inches long.", "Wallenberg Set __knowledge__ While the stair set is still there the school has re-profiled the \"run up\" to the set so it is no longer possible to use Vega St to gain speed, it has to be obtained from a ramp or roll in, or by gaining speed in some other form.", "Wallenberg Set __knowledge__ The Wallenberg gap first appeared in Mark Gonzales's part in \"Video Days,\" a 1991 skateboarding video released by Blind Skateboards.", "Ayumu Hirano __knowledge__ Ayumu Hirano was born and raised in a small coastal city called Murakami in Niigata Prefecture situated in a rather snowy area in Japan.", "Ayumu Hirano __knowledge__ His mother named him Ayumu (歩夢), which literally means \"walk the dream\" (歩＝walk, 夢＝dream), wishing him to become a person who would know the joy of pursuing a dream and the perseverance to make it come true.", "Ayumu Hirano __knowledge__ His father, Hidenori, was a surfer who eventually opened a surf shop, and later made a skate park (Nihonkai Skate Park) from scratch in his hometown of Murakami.", "Ayumu Hirano __knowledge__ The father originally hoped his son, Ayumu, to become a surfer, but the son did not like it much.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Underwater diving, as a human activity, is the practice of descending below the water's surface to interact with the environment.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Immersion in water and exposure to high ambient pressure have physiological effects that limit the depths and duration possible in ambient pressure diving.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Humans are not physiologically and anatomically well adapted to the environmental conditions of diving, and various equipment has been developed to extend the depth and duration of human dives, and allow different types of work to be done.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ In ambient pressure diving, the diver is directly exposed to the pressure of the surrounding water.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ Ten-pin bowling is a sport in which a player (called a \"bowler\") rolls a bowling ball down a wood-structure or synthetic (polyurethane) lane and towards ten pins positioned at the end of the lane.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ The objective is to score the highest pinfall by knocking down as many pins as possible.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ Three finger holes are drilled into a traditional bowling ball, and weights vary considerably to make the sport playable for all ages.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ Generally, the heavier the ball, the more pins that will topple on two equivalent shots.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ The pins are arranged in a triangular position by an automated machine.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ While professional ten-pin bowling tournaments are held in numerous countries, the sport is commonly played as a hobby by millions of people around the world.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ The technological and industrial history of Canada encompasses the country's development in the areas of transportation, communication, energy, materials, public works, public services (health care), domestic/consumer and defence technologies.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ The terms chosen for the \"age\" described below are both literal and metaphorical.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ They describe the technology that dominated the period of time in question but are also representative of a large number of other technologies introduced during the same period.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ Also of note is the fact that the period of diffusion of a technology can begin modestly and can extend well beyond the \"age\" of its introduction.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ Swimming is an individual or team sport that uses arms and legs to move the body through water.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ The sport takes place in pools or open water (e.g., in a sea or lake).", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ Competitive swimming is one of the most popular Olympic sports, with varied distance events in butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke, freestyle, and individual medley.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ In addition to these individual events, four swimmers can take part in either a freestyle or medley relay.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ Swimming each stroke requires specific techniques, and in competition, there are specific regulations concerning the acceptable form for different strokes.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ There are also regulations on what types of swimsuits, caps, jewelry and injury tape are allowed at competitions.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ Climate change in the US state of Washington is a subject of study and projection today.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ \"For the most up to date and comprehensive analysis of climate change impacts on Washington State, see the University of Washington Climate Impacts Group 2009 assessment report, available\" here.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ \"Economic Impacts of Climate Change (2007) in Washington State\" summarized impacts on forest fires, public health, agriculture, municipal water supply, sea level rise and fisheries.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ These conclusions have been reached through several predictions, based primarily on temperature and precipitation models for climate change.", "Barrister __knowledge__ A barrister (also known as barrister-at-law or bar-at-law) is a type of lawyer in common law jurisdictions.", "Barrister __knowledge__ Barristers mostly specialise in courtroom advocacy and litigation.", "Barrister __knowledge__ Their tasks include taking cases in superior courts and tribunals, drafting legal pleadings, researching the philosophy, hypothesis and history of law, and giving expert legal opinions.", "Barrister __knowledge__ Often, barristers are also recognised as \"legal scholars\".", "Barrister __knowledge__ Barristers are distinguished from solicitors, who have more direct access to clients, and may do transactional-type legal work.", "Barrister __knowledge__ It is mainly barristers who are appointed as judges, and they are rarely hired by clients directly." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 2 ]

[ "I skateboard regularly as a from of recreation. I like to riding and performing tricks.", "Its difficult to begin with but gets easier with practise. Its a great recreational activity or could be used as a method of transportation", "Theres loads like the X games. If your good enough it can be your job pulling off some an art form moves." ]

[ "Skateboarding", "Skateboarding", "Skateboarding" ]

[ "Good Burger", "I've never seen it. What is it about?", "That sounds pretty cool. I like this kind of movies too. My favorite kinds of comedy movies are probably ones with Adam Sandler.", "I never knew that either. And I agree, 90s ones like Happy Gilmore and cool." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Good Burger is a 1997 American comedy film directed by Brian Robbins and it stars \"All That\" and \"Kenan & Kel\" stars Kenan Thompson and Kel Mitchell.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It evolved from the comedy sketch of the same name featured on the Nickelodeon series \"All That\".", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It was produced by Nickelodeon Movies and Tollin/Robbins Productions, and was released on July 25, 1997 by Paramount Pictures.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ On the first day of summer, slacker high school student Dexter Reed, takes his mother's car on a joyride while she is on a business trip and accidentally crashes into and damages the car of his teacher, Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Dexter is in danger of going to jail, as he does not have a driver's license or insurance.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ But Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat agrees to let Dexter pay for the damages to both cars in exchange for not calling the police on Dexter.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ With the damages estimated at $1,900, Dexter is forced to get a summer job.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ After being dismissed from the new, soon-to-open Mondo Burger for clashing with and insulting the owner/manager, Kurt Bozwell, he ends up finding employment at Good Burger where he meets and reluctantly befriends dimwitted Ed and a host of other colorful employees.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Initially, neither of them are aware that it was Ed who inadvertently caused Dexter's car accident; Ed had been on his way to make a delivery, and skated in front of Dexter, causing him to swerve out of control and crash into Mr." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Good Burger is a 1997 American comedy film directed by Brian Robbins and it stars \"All That\" and \"Kenan & Kel\" stars Kenan Thompson and Kel Mitchell.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It evolved from the comedy sketch of the same name featured on the Nickelodeon series \"All That\".", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It was produced by Nickelodeon Movies and Tollin/Robbins Productions, and was released on July 25, 1997 by Paramount Pictures.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ On the first day of summer, slacker high school student Dexter Reed, takes his mother's car on a joyride while she is on a business trip and accidentally crashes into and damages the car of his teacher, Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Dexter is in danger of going to jail, as he does not have a driver's license or insurance.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ But Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat agrees to let Dexter pay for the damages to both cars in exchange for not calling the police on Dexter.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ With the damages estimated at $1,900, Dexter is forced to get a summer job.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ After being dismissed from the new, soon-to-open Mondo Burger for clashing with and insulting the owner/manager, Kurt Bozwell, he ends up finding employment at Good Burger where he meets and reluctantly befriends dimwitted Ed and a host of other colorful employees.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Initially, neither of them are aware that it was Ed who inadvertently caused Dexter's car accident; Ed had been on his way to make a delivery, and skated in front of Dexter, causing him to swerve out of control and crash into Mr.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "List of iCarly characters __knowledge__ The Nickelodeon sitcom \"iCarly\" centers on Carly Shay, who creates her own web show with her best friends Sam and Freddie.", "List of iCarly characters __knowledge__ The series stars Miranda Cosgrove as Carly, Jennette McCurdy as Sam, Nathan Kress as Freddie, Jerry Trainor as Spencer, and Noah Munck as Gibby.", "List of iCarly characters __knowledge__ The series was created by Dan Schneider, who also serves as executive producer.", "List of iCarly characters __knowledge__ Carlotta \"Carly\" Shay (Miranda Cosgrove) starts as a 13-year-old girl who lives with her older brother, Spencer Shay, in Seattle, Washington.", "List of iCarly characters __knowledge__ They live in the Bushwell Plaza apartment building.", "List of iCarly characters __knowledge__ Carly's best friends are Sam Puckett, Freddie Benson (who lives in the same apartment building), and Gibby Gibson.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Disney/Pixar's \"Toy Story\" franchise which consists of the animated films \"Toy Story\" (1995), \"Toy Story 2\" (1999), and \"Toy Story 3\" (2010) and the animated short films.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Sheriff Woody Pride is a 1950s old traditional pull string cowboy doll, and Andy's favorite toy.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ Appearing in all three \"Toy Story\" films, he usually acts as the leader of the gang.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ His rivalry with Buzz forms the basis of the plot of the first film.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 2\", he is stolen at a yard sale by a toy collector, causing the other toys to embark on a rescue mission.", "List of Toy Story characters __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story 3\" he and the other toys are shipped to a daycare center.", "Solar eclipses on the Moon __knowledge__ Solar eclipses on the Moon are caused when the Earth passes in front of the Sun, blocking its light.", "Solar eclipses on the Moon __knowledge__ Viewers on Earth will see a lunar eclipse.", "Solar eclipses on the Moon __knowledge__ The solar eclipses are only seen in the Nearside portion and smaller parts of the Farside where the Earth is seen during librations, making up the visible portion of the Moon and eclipses there are seen during the lunar sunrise and sunset as well as furthermost areas of the Nearside but mainly not in the polar areas of the Moon.", "Solar eclipses on the Moon __knowledge__ As the Moon revolves around the Earth, the Earth rotates nearly 24 hours, but its position at the sky is only in one position as it never changes as it does with some other moons (or satellites) in other planets or dwarf planets and a few asteroids even inside the solar system but are very rare in the outer part of the solar system.", "List of Two and a Half Men characters __knowledge__ The American sitcom \"Two and a Half Men\", created and executive produced by Chuck Lorre and Lee Aronsohn, premiered on CBS on September 22, 2003.", "List of Two and a Half Men characters __knowledge__ The show initially centers on seven characters: brothers Charlie and Alan Harper; Jake Harper, the dimwitted son of Alan and his first ex-wife; Judith Harper-Melnick, Alan's first ex-wife, Herb's ex-wife, and Jake and Milly's mother; Rose, one of Charlie's previous one night stands who continuously stalks him; Evelyn Harper, Charlie and Alan's wealthy, five time widowed, bisexual mother, and Jake's grandmother; and last of all, Berta, Charlie's sharp-tongued housekeeper, who later joins the main cast starting with season two after playing a major recurring role throughout the first season.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "NickSplat __knowledge__ NickSplat (formerly The '90s Are All That and later The Splat) is a programming block that airs nightly on TeenNick.", "NickSplat __knowledge__ The block shows reruns of classic mid-late 1980s, 1990s, and early-mid 2000s children's programming, mostly shows that aired on Nickelodeon during their original runs.", "NickSplat __knowledge__ The block airs seven hours, running every night from 11 p.m. to 6 a.m. Its name and logo comes from Nickelodeon's historic logo, a white brush-printed wordmark on an amorphous orange background (often manifested as a \"splat\" shape, but which was frequently rendered in many others), which the network used from 1984 to 2009.", "All That __knowledge__ All That is an American live-action, sketch comedy-variety show created by Brian Robbins and Mike Tollin, which originally aired on the Nickelodeon cable television network from April 16, 1994, to October 22, 2005, lasting ten seasons.", "All That __knowledge__ The series was produced by Tollin/Robbins Productions (later Schneider's Bakery during the final season).", "All That __knowledge__ The pilot episode was originally shown as a special \"sneak peek\", with the show officially debuting a regular series on December 24, 1994.", "All That __knowledge__ The series features original short comedic sketches and weekly musical guests aimed toward a younger audience.", "All That __knowledge__ The show's sketches parody contemporary culture and are performed by a large and varying cast of child and teen actors.", "List of Kenan &amp; Kel characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the Nickelodeon sitcom, Kenan & Kel.", "List of Kenan &amp; Kel characters __knowledge__ Kenan is the oldest child of Roger Rockmore and Sheryl Rockmore.", "List of Kenan &amp; Kel characters __knowledge__ He is Kyra's older brother and Kel's best friend.", "List of Kenan &amp; Kel characters __knowledge__ Kenan is relatively intelligent, but he hardly does any schoolwork.", "List of Kenan &amp; Kel characters __knowledge__ Instead, he spends his time getting in trouble and plotting schemes (such as transforming the grocery store at which he works into a nightclub, trying to get a car, or telling everybody that Kel has extra-sensory perception).", "List of Kenan &amp; Kel characters __knowledge__ Despite being good-natured, he frequently annoys his parents and boss.", "List of Kenan &amp; Kel characters __knowledge__ A trait that Kenan shares with Kel is that when someone uttered a nonsense word, the duo would repeat the word confusingly.", "Kel Mitchell __knowledge__ Kel Johari Rice Mitchell (born August 25, 1978) is an American actor, stand-up comedian, dancer, musician, singer and rapper.", "Kel Mitchell __knowledge__ He is known for his work as a regular cast member of the Nickelodeon sketch comedy series \"All That\", as the Invisible Boy in the 1999 Ben Stiller and Geoffrey Rush superhero satire film \"Mystery Men\", his portrayal of Kel Kimble on the Nickelodeon sitcom \"Kenan & Kel\", his role as Ed in the film and \"All That\" sketch \"Good Burger\", as the voice of Jacob in the Disney XD cartoon \"Motorcity\", and as Ray in the 2006 sequel to \"Like Mike\", \"\".", "Kel Mitchell __knowledge__ He currently stars as Double G on the Nickelodeon series \"Game Shakers\".", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ Kenan Thompson ( born May 10, 1978) is an American actor and comedian.", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ He is the longest serving cast member of NBC's \"Saturday Night Live\".", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ In his teenage years, he was an original cast member of Nickelodeon's sketch comedy series \"All That.\"", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ Thompson has played Kenan Rockmore in the sitcom \"Kenan & Kel\", Russ Tyler in \"The Mighty Ducks\" franchise, Dexter Reed in the film \"Good Burger\", and the title character of \"Fat Albert\".", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ In his early career, he often collaborated with fellow comedian and \"All That\" cast member Kel Mitchell.", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ He is ranked at #88 on VH1's 100 Greatest Teen Stars.", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ Thompson was born and raised in Atlanta, Georgia to Fletcher and Elizabeth Ann Thompson.", "List of All That sketches __knowledge__ This is a list of sketches on the Nickelodeon variety show \"All That\".", "List of All That sketches __knowledge__ A sketch took place at a fast food restaurant called Good Burger featuring a clueless cashier, Ed.", "List of All That sketches __knowledge__ (played by Kel Mitchell in Seasons 1–5 and Ryan Coleman in Seasons 9–10).", "List of All That sketches __knowledge__ The skits later became the premise for the \"Good Burger\" starring Kel Mitchell, reprising his role as Ed, and Kenan Thompson as a new character named Dexter.", "List of All That sketches __knowledge__ Dan Schneider played Ed's frequently irritated boss Mr. Bailey during the first five seasons and in the film.", "List of All That sketches __knowledge__ Appearances A recurring location that served as the setting for many sketches based on life as a middle school student." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Good Burger is a 1997 American comedy film directed by Brian Robbins and it stars \"All That\" and \"Kenan & Kel\" stars Kenan Thompson and Kel Mitchell.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It evolved from the comedy sketch of the same name featured on the Nickelodeon series \"All That\".", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It was produced by Nickelodeon Movies and Tollin/Robbins Productions, and was released on July 25, 1997 by Paramount Pictures.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ On the first day of summer, slacker high school student Dexter Reed, takes his mother's car on a joyride while she is on a business trip and accidentally crashes into and damages the car of his teacher, Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Dexter is in danger of going to jail, as he does not have a driver's license or insurance.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ But Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat agrees to let Dexter pay for the damages to both cars in exchange for not calling the police on Dexter.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ With the damages estimated at $1,900, Dexter is forced to get a summer job.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ After being dismissed from the new, soon-to-open Mondo Burger for clashing with and insulting the owner/manager, Kurt Bozwell, he ends up finding employment at Good Burger where he meets and reluctantly befriends dimwitted Ed and a host of other colorful employees.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Initially, neither of them are aware that it was Ed who inadvertently caused Dexter's car accident; Ed had been on his way to make a delivery, and skated in front of Dexter, causing him to swerve out of control and crash into Mr.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Grown Ups 2 __knowledge__ Grown Ups 2 is a 2013 American comedy film directed by Dennis Dugan and co-produced by Adam Sandler, who also starred in the film.", "Grown Ups 2 __knowledge__ It is the sequel to the 2010 film \"Grown Ups\".", "Grown Ups 2 __knowledge__ The film co-stars Kevin James, Chris Rock, David Spade, Nick Swardson, and Salma Hayek.", "Grown Ups 2 __knowledge__ The film is produced by Adam Sandler's production company Happy Madison Productions and distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing.", "Grown Ups 2 __knowledge__ The film was released on July 12, 2013.", "Grown Ups 2 __knowledge__ The film grossed roughly $247 million on an $80 million budget.", "Grown Ups 2 __knowledge__ It was nominated for nine Razzies at the 2014 Golden Raspberry Awards.", "Grown Ups 2 __knowledge__ Three years after the events of the first film, Lenny Feder has relocated his family back to his Connecticut hometown of Stanton where he and his friends grew up.", "Adam Sandler __knowledge__ Adam Richard Sandler (born September 9, 1966) is an American actor, comedian, screenwriter, film producer, and musician.", "Adam Sandler __knowledge__ After becoming a \"Saturday Night Live\" cast member, Sandler went on to star in many Hollywood feature films that combined have grossed over $2 billion at the box office.", "Adam Sandler __knowledge__ He is best known for his comedic roles, such as in the films \"Billy Madison\" (1995), the sports comedies \"Happy Gilmore\" (1996) and \"The Waterboy\" (1998), the romantic comedy \"The Wedding Singer\" (1998), \"Big Daddy\" (1999), and \"Mr.", "Adam Sandler __knowledge__ Deeds\" (2002), and voicing Dracula in \"Hotel Transylvania\" (2012) and \"Hotel Transylvania 2\" (2015).", "Judd Apatow __knowledge__ Judd Apatow (; born December 6, 1967) is an American producer, writer, director, stand-up comedian and actor.", "Judd Apatow __knowledge__ He is the founder of Apatow Productions, through which he produced and developed the television series \"Freaks and Geeks\", \"Undeclared\", \"Girls, Love\", and \"Crashing\" and directed the films \"The 40-Year-Old Virgin\" (2005), \"Knocked Up\" (2007), \"Funny People\" (2009), \"This Is 40\" (2012), and \"Trainwreck\" (2015).", "Judd Apatow __knowledge__ Apatow's work has won numerous awards including a Primetime Emmy Award, a Hollywood Comedy Award, and an AFI Award for \"Bridesmaids\" (2011).", "Judd Apatow __knowledge__ His films have also been nominated for Grammy Awards, PGA Awards, Golden Globe Awards, and Academy Awards.", "Funny People __knowledge__ Funny People is a 2009 American comedy-drama film written, co-produced and directed by Judd Apatow.", "Funny People __knowledge__ It stars Adam Sandler, Seth Rogen, Leslie Mann, Eric Bana, Jason Schwartzman, Jonah Hill and Aubrey Plaza, and follows a famous comedian who is diagnosed with a terminal disease and tries to fix the relationships in his life.", "Funny People __knowledge__ The film was released on July 31, 2009 and only grossed $71 million against its $75 million budget.", "Funny People __knowledge__ George Simmons (Adam Sandler) is a middle-aged retired stand-up comedian turned movie star.", "Funny People __knowledge__ Despite his wealth he is disillusioned and depressed as most of his recent film work is low-brow and poorly received.", "Pixels (2015 film) __knowledge__ Pixels is a 2015 science fiction comedy film produced by Columbia Pictures, 1492 Pictures and Happy Madison Productions.", "Pixels (2015 film) __knowledge__ The film was directed by Chris Columbus from a screenplay by Tim Herlihy and Timothy Dowling and a story penned by Tim Herlihy, based on French director Patrick Jean's 2010 short film of the same name.", "Pixels (2015 film) __knowledge__ The film features computer-animated video game characters and special effects, and stars Adam Sandler, Kevin James, Josh Gad, Peter Dinklage, Michelle Monaghan, Brian Cox, Ashley Benson, and Jane Krakowski.", "Pixels (2015 film) __knowledge__ The film's plot has extraterrestrials misinterpreting video-feeds of classic arcade games as a declaration of war, and invading Earth using technology inspired by games such as \"Pac-Man\", \"Space Invaders\", \"Arkanoid\", \"Galaga\", \"Centipede\" and \"Donkey Kong\".", "Hotel Transylvania 2 __knowledge__ Hotel Transylvania 2 is a 2015 American 3D computer animated fantasy-comedy film.", "Hotel Transylvania 2 __knowledge__ It is the second installment in the \"Hotel Transylvania\" franchise, and the sequel to the 2012 film \"Hotel Transylvania\", with its director, Genndy Tartakovsky, and writer, Robert Smigel, returning for the film.", "Hotel Transylvania 2 __knowledge__ Produced by Sony Pictures Animation, it was animated by Sony Pictures Imageworks, with an additional funding provided by LStar Capital.", "Hotel Transylvania 2 __knowledge__ \"Hotel Transylvania 2\" takes place seven years after the first film, with the hotel now open to human guests.", "Hotel Transylvania 2 __knowledge__ Mavis and Johnny have a young son named Dennis, whose lack of any vampire abilities worries his grandfather Dracula.", "Shuhei Takahashi __knowledge__ Takahashi started playing baseball from grade 1 at Fujisawa Zengyo Elementary school as a pitcher.", "Shuhei Takahashi __knowledge__ He started to play with local club, Shonan Boys from his Fujisawa Zengyo Middle School days and as a middle-school junior experienced the final of the Giants Cup in 2007.", "Shuhei Takahashi __knowledge__ For high school, Takahashi had his sights set on playing for Yokohama High School but received an invitation to play for Tokai University Kofu High School by coach Junichi Izumi, which he accepted.", "Shuhei Takahashi __knowledge__ Ryo Watanabe, currently of the Nippon Ham Fighters, played at the same school but was two years Takahashi's junior.", "Shuhei Takahashi __knowledge__ In spring of his first year of high school, he was deployed as a third-baseman and 4th in the batting line-up, becoming a regular for the team.", "Slacker Radio __knowledge__ Slacker Radio is an online music streaming service available in the US and Canada.", "Slacker Radio __knowledge__ Listeners can access the service on the web and through mobile apps on multiple smartphones.", "Slacker Radio __knowledge__ It allows users to create and share customized music stations.", "Slacker Radio __knowledge__ Slacker allows users to customize one of their programmed stations (for instance, \"Today's Hits\") or start with music similar to an artist or song, and then customize that.", "Slacker Radio __knowledge__ As of August 2015, Slacker has more than 300 expert-curated music stations.", "Slacker Radio __knowledge__ The company was founded in 2004 by Celite Milbrandt and Dennis Mudd who launched the company in March 2007.", "Slacker Radio __knowledge__ Dennis was the former CEO of MusicMatch, which was purchased by Yahoo Music and became known as Yahoo!", "Joyride (Roxette album) __knowledge__ Joyride is the third studio album by Swedish pop duo Roxette, released on 28 March 1991 by EMI as the follow-up to their international breakthrough \"Look Sharp!\"", "Joyride (Roxette album) __knowledge__ (1989), as well as the non-album single \"It Must Have Been Love\", from the soundtrack to \"Pretty Woman\" (1990).", "Joyride (Roxette album) __knowledge__ The album was recorded over an 11-month period in Sweden.", "Joyride (Roxette album) __knowledge__ The duo experienced considerable pressure from their record label to deliver a successful follow-up album, and resisted pressure to relocate to Los Angeles and work with experienced American producers.", "Joyride (Roxette album) __knowledge__ The album was a critical and commercial success upon release, with a retrospective review for AllMusic calling it \"the work of two pop artists at the top of their game.\"", "Bill &amp; Ted's Excellent Adventure __knowledge__ Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure is a 1989 American science-fiction comedy buddy film in which two slackers travel through time to assemble a menagerie of historical figures for their high school history presentation.", "Bill &amp; Ted's Excellent Adventure __knowledge__ The film was written by Chris Matheson and Ed Solomon and directed by Stephen Herek.", "Bill &amp; Ted's Excellent Adventure __knowledge__ It stars Alex Winter as Bill S. Preston, Esquire; Keanu Reeves as Ted \"Theodore\" Logan; and George Carlin as Rufus.", "Bill &amp; Ted's Excellent Adventure __knowledge__ \"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\" received generally positive reviews upon release and was commercially successful.", "Bill &amp; Ted's Excellent Adventure __knowledge__ It is now considered a cult classic.", "Bill &amp; Ted's Excellent Adventure __knowledge__ A sequel, \"Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey\", was released two years later." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Good Burger is a 1997 American comedy film directed by Brian Robbins and it stars \"All That\" and \"Kenan & Kel\" stars Kenan Thompson and Kel Mitchell.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It evolved from the comedy sketch of the same name featured on the Nickelodeon series \"All That\".", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It was produced by Nickelodeon Movies and Tollin/Robbins Productions, and was released on July 25, 1997 by Paramount Pictures.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ On the first day of summer, slacker high school student Dexter Reed, takes his mother's car on a joyride while she is on a business trip and accidentally crashes into and damages the car of his teacher, Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Dexter is in danger of going to jail, as he does not have a driver's license or insurance.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ But Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat agrees to let Dexter pay for the damages to both cars in exchange for not calling the police on Dexter.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ With the damages estimated at $1,900, Dexter is forced to get a summer job.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ After being dismissed from the new, soon-to-open Mondo Burger for clashing with and insulting the owner/manager, Kurt Bozwell, he ends up finding employment at Good Burger where he meets and reluctantly befriends dimwitted Ed and a host of other colorful employees.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Initially, neither of them are aware that it was Ed who inadvertently caused Dexter's car accident; Ed had been on his way to make a delivery, and skated in front of Dexter, causing him to swerve out of control and crash into Mr.", "Happy Gilmore __knowledge__ Happy Gilmore is a 1996 American sports comedy film directed by Dennis Dugan with music by Mark Mothersbaugh and produced by Robert Simonds.", "Happy Gilmore __knowledge__ It stars Adam Sandler as the title character, an unsuccessful ice hockey player who discovers a newfound talent for golf.", "Happy Gilmore __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Sandler and Tim Herlihy.", "Happy Gilmore __knowledge__ The film was released in cinemas on February 16, 1996 by Universal Pictures.", "Happy Gilmore __knowledge__ \"Happy Gilmore\" was a commercial success, earning $41.2 million on a $12 million budget.", "Happy Gilmore __knowledge__ This film was the first of multiple collaborations between Sandler and Dugan.", "Happy Gilmore __knowledge__ The film won an MTV Movie Award for \"Best Fight\" for Adam Sandler versus Bob Barker.", "Richard Kiel __knowledge__ Richard Dawson Kiel (September 13, 1939 – September 10, 2014) was an American actor, voice artist, and comedian, best known for his role as Jaws in the \"James Bond\" franchise, portraying the character in \"The Spy Who Loved Me\" (1977) and \"Moonraker\" (1979); he lampooned the role with a tongue-in-cheek cameo in \"Inspector Gadget\" (1999).", "Richard Kiel __knowledge__ His next-most recognized role is the tough, but eloquent Mr. Larson in \"Happy Gilmore\" (1996).", "Richard Kiel __knowledge__ Other notable films include \"The Longest Yard\" (1974), \"Silver Streak\" (1976), \"Force 10 from Navarone\" (1978), \"Pale Rider\" (1985) and \"Tangled\" (2010).", "Richard Kiel __knowledge__ In television, Kiel portrayed the Kanamit alien in the now-classic \"The Twilight Zone\" episode \"To Serve Man\" (1962) and Dr. Miguelito Loveless' assistant, Voltaire, in first-season episodes of \"The Wild Wild West\" (1965-1966).", "Emily Gilmore __knowledge__ Emily Gilmore is a fictional character who appears in the American comedy-drama television series \"Gilmore Girls\" (2000 – 2007) and its revival \"\" (2016) as the matriarch of the eponymous family.", "Emily Gilmore __knowledge__ Portrayed by actress Kelly Bishop, the character was created by series creator Amy Sherman-Palladino in order to add a tragic element to the show's light-hearted nature.", "Emily Gilmore __knowledge__ Emily has had a complicated relationship with her daughter Lorelai ever since the character runs away at age 17 to raise her newborn daughter Rory on her own.", "Emily Gilmore __knowledge__ They remain estranged for several years until Lorelai asks her parents to help pay for Rory's schooling, to which Emily agrees on the condition that her daughter and granddaughter visit them for dinner every Friday evening.", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the comedy-drama television series \"Gilmore Girls\".", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ Lorelai Victoria Gilmore, played by Lauren Graham, is the only daughter of Richard and Emily Gilmore.", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ She is the mother of Lorelai \"Rory\" Leigh Gilmore.", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ She became pregnant at the age of 16 but refused to marry Christopher Hayden, Rory's father, because she felt that a marriage at such a young age would not work out.", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ Instead, she ran away to the town of Stars Hollow, which is half an hour away from Hartford.", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ In Stars Hollow, she meets Mia, the owner of the Independence Inn.", "List of Gilmore Girls characters __knowledge__ She begs Mia to hire her though she has no experience of any kind.", "Gilmore Girls __knowledge__ Gilmore Girls is an American comedy-drama television series, created by Amy Sherman-Palladino and starring Lauren Graham and Alexis Bledel.", "Gilmore Girls __knowledge__ The show debuted on October 5, 2000 on The WB and became a flagship series for the network.", "Gilmore Girls __knowledge__ \"Gilmore Girls\" originally ran for seven seasons, with the final season moving to The CW, and ended its run on May 15, 2007.", "Gilmore Girls __knowledge__ The show's main focus is on the relationship between single mother Lorelai Gilmore and her daughter Rory, who live in Stars Hollow, Connecticut, a small fictional town filled with colorful characters.", "Gilmore Girls __knowledge__ The series explores issues of family, romance, education, friendship, disappointment, and ambition, along with generational divides and social class, the latter themes manifesting through Lorelai's difficult relationship with her high society parents, Emily and Richard, and Rory's experiences at elite schools.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the police drama \"The Bill\" ordered alphabetically by character surname.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ For a full list of characters ordered by rank, see list of \"The Bill\" characters.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ The characters are all police officers or civilian staff at the fictional Sun Hill police station in London.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ PC Francis \"Taffy\" Edwards was known as the 'thin streak of Welsh misery'.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ A quiet country boy who hailed from a poor farming family near Bangor, he sometimes struggled to adapt to city life.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ Edwards was extremely lazy, often thinking up ingenious ways to avoid having to do serious work – but he had an infectious charm and was popular amongst the relief.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ The Land of Gorch was a recurring skit that appeared in season one of the American comedy television program \"Saturday Night Live,\" featuring Jim Henson's Muppets.", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ Prior to his work for children on \"Sesame Street\", Henson had created puppetry work, including his show \"Sam and Friends\", for adult audiences.", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ His characters appeared regularly on the late-night comedy television programs, and \"The Ed Sullivan Show\".", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ After \"Sesame Street\", Henson feared he would become typecast into working on children's television series.", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ His talent agent Bernie Brillstein, who represented Gilda Radner, Dan Aykroyd, and John Belushi, helped him transition to \"Saturday Night Live\".", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ \"The Last Voyage of the Starship \"Enterprise\"\" is a comedy sketch that first aired on May 29, 1976, during episode 22 of the first season of the NBC variety show, \"Saturday Night Live\".", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ The twelve-minute sketch was written by Michael O'Donoghue during a month-long process consulting with actor John Belushi.", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ The sketch is a satire of the 1969 cancellation of \"\".", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ The set design featured an effective replica of the bridge of the U.S.S \"Enterprise\".", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ Dress rehearsal was difficult, with the writer doubting whether Belushi would be able to pull off an effective parody of William Shatner's performance as Captain James Kirk.", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ Saturday Night Live (SNL) is an American late-night live television variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Dick Ebersol.", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ The show premiered on NBC on October 11, 1975, under the original title NBC's Saturday Night.", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ The show's comedy sketches, which parody contemporary culture and politics, are performed by a large and varying cast of repertory and newer cast members.", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ Each episode is hosted by a celebrity guest, who usually delivers an opening monologue and performs in sketches with the cast as with featured performances by a musical guest.", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ An episode normally begins with a cold open sketch that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming, \"Live from New York, it's Saturday Night!", "Gilda Radner __knowledge__ Gilda Susan Radner (June 28, 1946 – May 20, 1989) was an American comedian, actress, and one of seven original cast members of the NBC sketch comedy show \"Saturday Night Live\" (\"SNL\").", "Gilda Radner __knowledge__ In her routines, Radner specialized in broad and obnoxious parodies of television stereotypes, such as annoying advice specialists and news anchors.", "Gilda Radner __knowledge__ She also portrayed those characters in her highly successful one-woman show on Broadway in 1979.", "Gilda Radner __knowledge__ Radner died from ovarian cancer in 1989, and her life and legacy from \"SNL\" established her as an iconic figure in the history of American comedy.", "Gilda Radner __knowledge__ Her widower, Gene Wilder, carried out her personal wish that information about her illness would help other cancer victims.", "Don Roy King __knowledge__ Don Roy King is the director of \"Saturday Night Live\", having assumed the role in 2006.", "Don Roy King __knowledge__ He is the recipient of 9 Emmy awards and 17 nominations.", "Don Roy King __knowledge__ His work on \"Saturday Night Live\" has earned him seven Primetime Emmys and eleven nominations.", "Don Roy King __knowledge__ Mr. King has also been nominated for five Daytime Emmys for Outstanding Individual Direction For A Variety Show.", "Don Roy King __knowledge__ He won in 1977 for \"The Mike Douglas Show.\"", "Don Roy King __knowledge__ In 1991, he won an Emmy for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Graphic Design for his work on \"CBS Evening News with Dan Rather.\"", "Don Roy King __knowledge__ He has been nominated for eleven DGA (Director's Guild of America) awards, which he won in 2014, 2016 and 2017.", "History of Saturday Night Live (1975–80) __knowledge__ \"Saturday Night Live\" is an American sketch comedy series created and produced by Lorne Michaels for most of the show's run.", "History of Saturday Night Live (1975–80) __knowledge__ The show has aired on NBC since 1975.", "History of Saturday Night Live (1975–80) __knowledge__ \"Saturday Night Live\" was not an immediate hit with an emphasis on musical performances, the show soon developed its own identity with help from the \"Not Ready For Prime Time Players\".", "History of Saturday Night Live (1975–80) __knowledge__ After an unstable first season, more and more sketch comedy got on the air, and \"SNL\" became something of a New York institution.", "History of Saturday Night Live (1975–80) __knowledge__ The first four seasons of the show were a hit both commercially and critically, catapulting the original cast into stardom.", "Jay Park __knowledge__ Jay Park (Korean name: Park Jae-beom, Hangul: 박재범, Hanja: 朴載範; born April 25, 1987) is an American singer, songwriter, rapper, dancer, record producer, model, choreographer, entrepreneur and actor.", "Jay Park __knowledge__ He is a member of the Seattle-based b-boy crew, Art of Movement (AOM), and founder and co-CEO of the independent hip hop record label AOMG and his new global label H1GHR Music.", "Jay Park __knowledge__ He also signed with the record label Roc Nation, becoming the first Asian-American to do so.", "Jay Park __knowledge__ Park started as a b-boy and dancer, known for his charismatic performances and stage presence.", "Jay Park __knowledge__ Park was described as a \"born entertainer\" by Korean pop singer Patti Kim, and \"The New York Times\" quoted the president of digital music distributor DFSB Kollective describing Park as \"not just an artist, but also his own PR agent, fan club president, and TV network.\"" ] ]

[ 1, 4, 24, 13 ]

[ "Good Burger is one of my favorite 90s movies. It has Kenan and Kel", "It's a comedy movie about some slacker high schooler who goes on a joyride.", "Oh, those are classics! I recently learned that he started on Saturday Night Live.", "Oooh, Happy Gilmore is the one where he is a ice hockey player right? And golfed? That was a good one." ]

[ "Good Burger", "Good Burger", "Good Burger", "Good Burger" ]

[ "Running", "Yes! running is such a fun way to exercise!", "Yes it is! Did you also know that running a lot is good for improving the stability of your bones", "Just regular running. I could see running to fast to be hard on the legs so I just stick to taking it easy" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion allowing humans and other animals to move rapidly on foot.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a type of gait characterized by an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are exceptions).", "Running __knowledge__ This is in contrast to walking, where one foot is always in contact with the ground, the legs are kept mostly straight and the center of gravity vaults over the stance leg or legs in an inverted pendulum fashion.", "Running __knowledge__ A characteristic feature of a running body from the viewpoint of spring-mass mechanics is that changes in kinetic and potential energy within a stride occur simultaneously, with energy storage accomplished by springy tendons and passive muscle elasticity.", "Running __knowledge__ The term running can refer to any of a variety of speeds ranging from jogging to sprinting.", "Running __knowledge__ It is assumed that the ancestors of humankind developed the ability to run for long distances about 2.6 million years ago, probably in order to hunt animals.", "Running __knowledge__ Competitive running grew out of religious festivals in various areas.", "Running __knowledge__ Records of competitive racing date back to the Tailteann Games in Ireland in 1829 BCE, while the first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776 BCE.", "Running __knowledge__ Running has been described as the world's most accessible sport." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion allowing humans and other animals to move rapidly on foot.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a type of gait characterized by an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are exceptions).", "Running __knowledge__ This is in contrast to walking, where one foot is always in contact with the ground, the legs are kept mostly straight and the center of gravity vaults over the stance leg or legs in an inverted pendulum fashion.", "Running __knowledge__ A characteristic feature of a running body from the viewpoint of spring-mass mechanics is that changes in kinetic and potential energy within a stride occur simultaneously, with energy storage accomplished by springy tendons and passive muscle elasticity.", "Running __knowledge__ The term running can refer to any of a variety of speeds ranging from jogging to sprinting.", "Running __knowledge__ It is assumed that the ancestors of humankind developed the ability to run for long distances about 2.6 million years ago, probably in order to hunt animals.", "Running __knowledge__ Competitive running grew out of religious festivals in various areas.", "Running __knowledge__ Records of competitive racing date back to the Tailteann Games in Ireland in 1829 BCE, while the first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776 BCE.", "Running __knowledge__ Running has been described as the world's most accessible sport.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Marvel One-Shots __knowledge__ Marvel One-Shots are a series of direct-to-video short films produced by Marvel Studios, set within the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), released from 2011 to 2014.", "Marvel One-Shots __knowledge__ They are included as special features in the MCU films' Blu-ray and digital distribution releases, but are not included in the DVD releases.", "Marvel One-Shots __knowledge__ Each of the films, which range from 4 to 15 minutes, are designed to be a self-contained story that provides more backstory for characters or events introduced in the films.", "Marvel One-Shots __knowledge__ Two of the shorts have been the inspiration for television series set in the MCU.", "Marvel One-Shots __knowledge__ \"The Consultant\" (2011) and \"A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to Thor's Hammer\" (2011) star Clark Gregg as Agent Phil Coulson, and offer up self-contained stories about a day in the life of a S.H.I.E.L.D.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Gamification __knowledge__ Gamification is the application of game-design elements and game principles in non-game contexts.", "Gamification __knowledge__ Gamification commonly employs game design elements to improve user engagement, organizational productivity, flow, learning, crowdsourcing, employee recruitment and evaluation, ease of use, usefulness of systems, physical exercise, traffic violations, voter apathy, and more.", "Gamification __knowledge__ A collection of research on gamification shows that a majority of studies on gamification find it has positive effects on individuals.", "Gamification __knowledge__ However, individual and contextual differences exist.", "Gamification __knowledge__ Gamification can also improve an individual's ability to comprehend digital content and understand a certain area of study such as music.", "Union (Yes album) __knowledge__ Union is the thirteenth studio album by the English rock band Yes, released on 30 April 1991 by Arista Records.", "Union (Yes album) __knowledge__ Production began in 1990 following the amalgamation of two bands featuring current and previous members of Yes at the time: Yes, consisting of Chris Squire, Trevor Rabin, Tony Kaye, and Alan White; and Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe (ABWH), consisting of Jon Anderson, Steve Howe, Rick Wakeman, and Bill Bruford.", "Union (Yes album) __knowledge__ The album is a collection of tracks written and performed by each group separately.", "Union (Yes album) __knowledge__ Recording was met with differences from the beginning, including the merger of the two groups, internal relations, and the decision by producer Jonathan Elias to have session musicians play parts already put down by Wakeman and Howe.", "Sinclair C5 __knowledge__ The Sinclair C5 is a small one-person battery electric vehicle, technically an \"electrically assisted pedal cycle\".", "Sinclair C5 __knowledge__ It was the culmination of Sir Clive Sinclair's long-running interest in electric vehicles.", "Sinclair C5 __knowledge__ Although widely described as an \"electric car\", Sinclair characterised it as a \"vehicle, not a car\".", "Sinclair C5 __knowledge__ Sinclair had become one of the UK's best-known millionaires, and earned a knighthood, on the back of the highly successful Sinclair Research range of home computers in the early 1980s.", "Sinclair C5 __knowledge__ He hoped to repeat his success in the electric vehicle market, which he saw as ripe for a new approach.", "Sinclair C5 __knowledge__ The C5 emerged from an earlier project to produce a small electric car called the C1.", "Heart rate __knowledge__ Heart rate is the speed of the heartbeat measured by the number of contractions of the heart per minute (bpm).", "Heart rate __knowledge__ The heart rate can vary according to the body's physical needs, including the need to absorb oxygen and excrete carbon dioxide.", "Heart rate __knowledge__ It is usually equal or close to the pulse measured at any peripheral point.", "Heart rate __knowledge__ Activities that can provoke change include physical exercise, sleep, anxiety, stress, illness, and ingestion of drugs.", "Heart rate __knowledge__ Several studies, as well as expert consensus, indicate that the normal resting adult human heart rate is probably a range between 50 and 90 bpm, though the American Heart Association states the normal resting adult human heart rate is 60–100 bpm.", "Heart __knowledge__ The heart is a muscular organ in most animals, which pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circulatory system.", "Heart __knowledge__ Blood provides the body with oxygen and nutrients, as well as assists in the removal of metabolic wastes.", "Heart __knowledge__ In humans, the heart is located between the lungs, in the middle compartment of the chest.", "Heart __knowledge__ In humans, other mammals, and birds, the heart is divided into four chambers: upper left and right atria; and lower left and right ventricles.", "Heart __knowledge__ Commonly the right atrium and ventricle are referred together as the \"right heart\" and their left counterparts as the \"left heart\".", "Heart __knowledge__ Fish, in contrast, have two chambers, an atrium and a ventricle, while reptiles have three chambers.", "Biofeedback __knowledge__ Biofeedback is the process of gaining greater awareness of many physiological functions primarily using instruments that provide information on the activity of those same systems, with a goal of being able to manipulate them at will.", "Biofeedback __knowledge__ Some of the processes that can be controlled include brainwaves, muscle tone, skin conductance, heart rate and pain perception.", "Biofeedback __knowledge__ Biofeedback may be used to improve health, performance, and the physiological changes that often occur in conjunction with changes to thoughts, emotions, and behavior.", "Biofeedback __knowledge__ Eventually, these changes may be maintained without the use of extra equipment, for no equipment is necessarily required to practice biofeedback.", "Exergaming __knowledge__ Fitness game, exergaming or exer-gaming (a portmanteau of \"exercise\" and \"gaming\"), or gamercising is a term used for video games that are also a form of exercise.", "Exergaming __knowledge__ Exergaming relies on technology that tracks body movement or reaction.", "Exergaming __knowledge__ The genre has been credited with upending the stereotype of gaming as a sedentary activity, and promoting an active lifestyle.", "Exergaming __knowledge__ Research indicates that exergames can produce real improvements in fitness.", "Exergaming __knowledge__ Exergames are seen as evolving from technology changes aimed at making video games more fun.", "Exergaming __knowledge__ The genre's roots can be found in games released in the late eighties, including the Power Pad (or Family Trainer) released for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) in 1986, and the Foot Craz released for the Atari 2600 in 1987, although both had limited success.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ Colic in horses is defined as abdominal pain, but it is a clinical sign rather than a diagnosis.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ The term colic can encompass all forms of gastrointestinal conditions which cause pain as well as other causes of abdominal pain not involving the gastrointestinal tract.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ The most common forms of colic are gastrointestinal in nature and are most often related to colonic disturbance.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ There are a variety of different causes of colic, some of which can prove fatal without surgical intervention.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ Colic surgery is usually an expensive procedure as it is major abdominal surgery, often with intensive aftercare.", "Atrial fibrillation __knowledge__ Atrial fibrillation (AF or A-fib) is an abnormal heart rhythm characterized by rapid and irregular beating of the atria.", "Atrial fibrillation __knowledge__ Often it starts as brief periods of abnormal beating which become longer and possibly constant over time.", "Atrial fibrillation __knowledge__ Often episodes have no symptoms.", "Atrial fibrillation __knowledge__ Occasionally there may be heart palpitations, fainting, lightheadedness, shortness of breath, or chest pain.", "Atrial fibrillation __knowledge__ The disease is associated with an increased risk of heart failure, dementia, and stroke.", "Atrial fibrillation __knowledge__ It is a type of supraventricular tachycardia.", "Atrial fibrillation __knowledge__ High blood pressure and valvular heart disease are the most common alterable risk factors for AF.", "Cardiac physiology __knowledge__ Cardiac physiology or heart function is the study of healthy, unimpaired function of the heart: involving blood flow; myocardium structure; the electrical conduction system of the heart; the cardiac cycle and cardiac output and how these interact and depend on one another.", "Cardiac physiology __knowledge__ The heart functions as a pump and acts as a double pump in the cardiovascular system to provide a continuous circulation of blood throughout the body.", "Cardiac physiology __knowledge__ This circulation includes the systemic circulation and the pulmonary circulation.", "Cardiac physiology __knowledge__ Both circuits transport blood but they can also be seen in terms of the gases they carry.", "Cardiac physiology __knowledge__ The pulmonary circulation collects oxygen from the lungs and delivers carbon dioxide for exhalation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion allowing humans and other animals to move rapidly on foot.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a type of gait characterized by an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are exceptions).", "Running __knowledge__ This is in contrast to walking, where one foot is always in contact with the ground, the legs are kept mostly straight and the center of gravity vaults over the stance leg or legs in an inverted pendulum fashion.", "Running __knowledge__ A characteristic feature of a running body from the viewpoint of spring-mass mechanics is that changes in kinetic and potential energy within a stride occur simultaneously, with energy storage accomplished by springy tendons and passive muscle elasticity.", "Running __knowledge__ The term running can refer to any of a variety of speeds ranging from jogging to sprinting.", "Running __knowledge__ It is assumed that the ancestors of humankind developed the ability to run for long distances about 2.6 million years ago, probably in order to hunt animals.", "Running __knowledge__ Competitive running grew out of religious festivals in various areas.", "Running __knowledge__ Records of competitive racing date back to the Tailteann Games in Ireland in 1829 BCE, while the first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776 BCE.", "Running __knowledge__ Running has been described as the world's most accessible sport.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ Tyrannosaurus is a genus of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ The species Tyrannosaurus rex (\"rex\" meaning \"king\" in Latin) is one of the most well-represented of the large theropods.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ \"Tyrannosaurus\" lived throughout what is now western North America, on what was then an island continent known as Laramidia.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ \"Tyrannosaurus\" had a much wider range than other tyrannosaurids.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ Fossils are found in a variety of rock formations dating to the Maastrichtian age of the upper Cretaceous Period, 68 to 66 million years ago.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ It was the last known member of the tyrannosaurids, and among the last non-avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Bones\".", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ The article deals with the series' main, recurring, and minor characters.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ The following characters have been featured in the opening credits of the program.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Temperance \"Bones\" Brennan (seasons 1–12) works as a forensic anthropologist at the Jeffersonian Institute in Washington, D.C. and is also a best–selling novelist.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ She is nicknamed \"Bones\" by FBI Special Agent Seeley Booth.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Brennan and Booth work together on Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) cases concerning recently found human remains.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Although she is an expert in her field, Brennan is socially awkward and has limited knowledge about pop culture.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "Condoleezza Rice's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Condoleezza Rice served as United States Secretary of State under George W. Bush.", "Condoleezza Rice's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ She was preceded by Colin Powell and followed by Hillary Clinton.", "Condoleezza Rice's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ As secretary of state she traveled widely and initiated many diplomatic efforts on behalf of the Bush administration.", "Condoleezza Rice's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ On November 16, 2004, Bush nominated Rice to be Secretary of State.", "Condoleezza Rice's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ On January 26, 2005, the Senate confirmed her nomination by a vote of 85-13.", "Condoleezza Rice's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ The negative votes, the most cast against any nomination for Secretary of State since 1825, came from Senators who, according to Senator Barbara Boxer, wanted \"to hold Dr. Rice and the Bush administration accountable for their failures in Iraq and in the war on terrorism.\"", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Barnet Burns __knowledge__ Barnet Burns (November 1805 – 26 December 1860) was an English sailor, trader, and showman who became one of the first Europeans to live as a Pākehā Māori and to receive the full Māori facial tattoo.", "Barnet Burns __knowledge__ He travelled to Australia and found employment as a trader of flax in New Zealand in the 1830s.", "Barnet Burns __knowledge__ Burns returned to Europe in 1835 and spent most of his remaining years as a showman giving lectures, where he described the customs of the Māori, performed the haka, exhibited his Māori tattoos and recounted his adventures in New Zealand.", "Barnet Burns __knowledge__ It is likely that Barnet Burns was baptised in the parish of Kirkby Ireleth on 25 November 1805.", "Japan–Taiwan relations __knowledge__ After the Japan–PRC Joint Communiqué in 1972, Japan no longer recognizes the Republic of China as the sole official government of China.", "Japan–Taiwan relations __knowledge__ However, Japan has maintained non-governmental, working-level relations with ROC.", "Japan–Taiwan relations __knowledge__ In the 1600s, there was considerable trade between Japan and Taiwan.", "Japan–Taiwan relations __knowledge__ The Dutch colonised Taiwan as a base for trade with Japan in 1624.", "Japan–Taiwan relations __knowledge__ During the Kingdom of Tungning era (1662–83), Japan bought deerskin, sugar and silk from Taiwan and sold Precious metal, porcelain, armors and cotton cloth.", "Japan–Taiwan relations __knowledge__ Japanese money could be used in Taiwan during that period and Japanese merchants were permitted to live in Keelung.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and excretion.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability and palatability of foods.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ For humans, a healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation, heat or leaching, and that reduce risk of foodborne illness.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ In humans, an unhealthy diet can cause deficiency-related diseases such as blindness, anemia, scurvy, preterm birth, stillbirth and cretinism, or nutrient excess health-threatening conditions such as obesity and metabolic syndrome; and such common chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples is the fifth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season premiered on January 1, 2008 with ten overweight couples competing for a cash prize of $250,000.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ This season featured Alison Sweeney as the host, with trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels; all three returning from season four.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ Although the contestants came in as teams of two (couples), the grand prize was eventually awarded to an individual.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ In the end Ali Vincent won, making her the first female winner in the history of the United States \"Biggest Loser\" series.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ Total Votes counts only votes that are revealed at elimination.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ Diet plays an important role in the genesis of obesity.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ Personal choices, advertising, social customs and cultural influences, as well as food availability and pricing all play a role in determining what and how much an individual eats.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ The dietary energy supply is the food available for human consumption, usually expressed in kilocalories per person per day.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ It gives an overestimate of the total amount of food consumed as it reflects both food consumed and food wasted.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ The per capita dietary energy supply varies markedly between different regions and countries.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ It has also changed significantly over time.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion allowing humans and other animals to move rapidly on foot.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a type of gait characterized by an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are exceptions).", "Running __knowledge__ This is in contrast to walking, where one foot is always in contact with the ground, the legs are kept mostly straight and the center of gravity vaults over the stance leg or legs in an inverted pendulum fashion.", "Running __knowledge__ A characteristic feature of a running body from the viewpoint of spring-mass mechanics is that changes in kinetic and potential energy within a stride occur simultaneously, with energy storage accomplished by springy tendons and passive muscle elasticity.", "Running __knowledge__ The term running can refer to any of a variety of speeds ranging from jogging to sprinting.", "Running __knowledge__ It is assumed that the ancestors of humankind developed the ability to run for long distances about 2.6 million years ago, probably in order to hunt animals.", "Running __knowledge__ Competitive running grew out of religious festivals in various areas.", "Running __knowledge__ Records of competitive racing date back to the Tailteann Games in Ireland in 1829 BCE, while the first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776 BCE.", "Running __knowledge__ Running has been described as the world's most accessible sport.", "David Campese __knowledge__ David Ian Campese, AM (born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and held the world record for the most tries in test matches (64) until Daisuke Ohata scored his 65th try playing for Japan on 14 May 2006.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese made his debut for the Wallabies on the 1982 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, during which he scored a try in his first two Tests.", "David Campese __knowledge__ In 1983, he equaled the then record for most tries in a Test match for Australia against the USA, scoring four tries.", "David Campese __knowledge__ He was a member of the Eighth Wallabies for the 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland that won rugby union's \"grand slam\", the first Australian side to defeat all four home nations, England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland, on a tour.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Field hockey is a team sport of the hockey family.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The earliest origins of the game date back to the Middle Ages in England, Scotland, France and the Netherlands.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The game can be played on a grass field, turf field or synthetic field as well as an indoor board surface.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Each team plays with eleven players, including the goalie.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Players use sticks made out of wood, carbon fibre, fibre glass or a combination of carbon fibre and fibre glass in different quantities (with the higher carbon fibre stick being more expensive and less likely to break) to hit a round, hard, plastic ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The length of the stick depends on the player's individual height.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ In field hockey, each player carries a stick and cannot take part in the game without it.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ The stick for an adult is usually in the range 89–95 cm (35–38 in) long.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ A maximum length of 105 cm (41\") was stipulated from 2016.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ The maximum permitted weight is 737 grams.The majority of players use a stick in the range 19 oz to 22 oz (538 g - 623 g).", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ Traditionally hockey sticks were made of hickory, ash or mulberry wood with the head of the sticks being hand carved and therefore required skilled craftsmen to produce.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ Sticks made of wood continue to be made but the higher grade sticks are now manufactured from composite materials which were first permitted after 1992.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Easy Goer __knowledge__ Easy Goer (March 21, 1986 – May 12, 1994) was an American Champion Hall of Fame Thoroughbred racehorse known for earning American Champion Two-Year-Old Colt honors in 1988 and defeating 1989 American Horse of the Year Sunday Silence in the Belmont Stakes by eight lengths.", "Easy Goer __knowledge__ The victory deprived Sunday Silence of the Triple Crown.", "Easy Goer __knowledge__ It was also the second-fastest Belmont in history, behind only the record performance of Secretariat in 1973.", "Easy Goer __knowledge__ Easy Goer was the first two-year-old champion to win a Triple Crown race since Spectacular Bid in 1979.", "Easy Goer __knowledge__ Easy Goer also ran the fastest mile on dirt by any three-year-old in the history of Thoroughbred racing with a time of 1:32 2/5, which was a second faster than Secretariat's stakes record, and one-fifth of a second off of the world record set by Dr. Fager in 1968.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ Tyrannosaurus is a genus of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ The species Tyrannosaurus rex (\"rex\" meaning \"king\" in Latin) is one of the most well-represented of the large theropods.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ \"Tyrannosaurus\" lived throughout what is now western North America, on what was then an island continent known as Laramidia.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ \"Tyrannosaurus\" had a much wider range than other tyrannosaurids.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ Fossils are found in a variety of rock formations dating to the Maastrichtian age of the upper Cretaceous Period, 68 to 66 million years ago.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ It was the last known member of the tyrannosaurids, and among the last non-avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ Sprinting involves a quick acceleration phase followed by a velocity maintenance phase.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ During the initial stage of sprinting, the runners have their upper body tilted forward in order to direct ground reaction forces more horizontally.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ As they reach their maximum velocity, the torso straightens out into an upright position.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ The goal of sprinting is to reach and maintain high top speeds to cover a set distance in the shortest possible time.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ A lot of research has been invested in quantifying the biological factors and mathematics that govern sprinting.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ In order to achieve these high velocities, it has been found that sprinters have to apply a large amount of force onto the ground to achieve the desired acceleration, rather than taking more rapid steps.", "Jogging __knowledge__ Jogging is a form of trotting or running at a slow or leisurely pace.", "Jogging __knowledge__ The main intention is to increase physical fitness with less stress on the body than from faster running, or to maintain a steady speed for longer periods of time.", "Jogging __knowledge__ Performed over long distances, it is a form of aerobic endurance training.", "Jogging __knowledge__ Jogging is running at a gentle pace.", "Jogging __knowledge__ The definition of jogging as compared with running is not standard.", "Jogging __knowledge__ One definition describes jogging as running slower than .", "Jogging __knowledge__ Running is sometimes defined as requiring a moment of no contact to the ground, whereas jogging often sustains the contact.", "Jogging __knowledge__ Jogging is also distinguished from running by having a wider lateral spacing of foot strikes, creating side-to-side movement that likely adds stability at slower speeds or when coordination is lacking.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ This is a list of aliens on Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10 franchise\".", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Voiced by: Heatblast is a Pyronite from the star Pyros.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ He appears as a magma-based lifeform whose body is composed of a bright inner magma body covered by a reddish-brown charcoal-like crust.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is essentially \"living magma\", thus everything he touches either melts or catches fire.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ In the original series, he is the tenth alien in the Omnitrix.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is Ben's first transformation, accidentally activated and started a wildfire in the pilot episode of the original series, \"And Then There Were 10\" when Ben was trying to remove the Omnitrix immediately after it first attached to him.", "Velocidad (comics) __knowledge__ Velocidad (Gabriel Cohuelo) is a fictional comic book superhero appearing in books published by Marvel Comics.", "Velocidad (comics) __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"Uncanny X-Men\" #527, in the second chapter of the \"Five Lights\" storyline, and was created by Matt Fraction and Kieron Gillen.", "Velocidad (comics) __knowledge__ He is one of the \"Five Lights\"—a group of mutants who manifested their abilities after the events of \"\".", "Velocidad (comics) __knowledge__ Velocidad first appeared in \"Uncanny X-Men\" as a teenager whose mutation is out of control.", "Velocidad (comics) __knowledge__ Following his introduction, he, along with Hope Summers, Transonic, Oya, Zero, and Primal, began to feature in the series Generation Hope." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 5, 6 ]

[ "I love to run or move rapidly by foot for exercise. It really gets my heart rate up.", "In terms of mechanics the way your body springs as you run is what actually burns the calories. Interesting I know. ", "All running or just running fast? With so many speeds of running from Jogging to Sprinting it seems like it would be rough on your bones not good for them.", "It's though that humans developed the ability to run about 2.6 million years ago in order to hunt. Interesting huh!" ]

[ "Running", "Running", "Running", "Running" ]

[ "Animal shelter\nHey there!", "Ah really? thats super cool. well actually I used to work on an animal shelter before.", "Ah I see. It's always sad to euthanize sick animals. Must be hard even for you guys who had to see it sometimes in a weekly basis.", "Isn't PETA oversees the operation and do something about it? Yeah, super tragic, it broke my heart thinking about it.", "Ah I thought somehow PETA has ties to the government. That's great, at least there's regulation being done. Anyway thanks for the chat. Appreciate it!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ Hey Hey It's Saturday was a long-running variety television program on Australian television.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ It initially ran for 27 years on the Nine Network from on 9 October 1971 to 20 November 1999 (there was a recess in 1978).", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ Its host throughout its entire run was Daryl Somers, who later also became executive producer of the program.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ The original producer, Gavin Disney, left the program in the 1980s and Somers then jointly formed his own production company, \"Somers Carroll Productions\", with on-screen partner Ernie Carroll, the performer of Somers' puppet sidekick Ossie Ostrich.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ On 25 July 2009, the Nine Network announced the show would return for two reunion specials in late 2009 and hinted if they rated strongly, the show could return full-time.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ \"Hey Jude\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ The ballad evolved from \"Hey Jules\", a song McCartney wrote to comfort John Lennon's son, Julian, during his parents' divorce.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ \"Hey Jude\" begins with a verse-bridge structure incorporating McCartney's vocal performance and piano accompaniment; further instrumentation is added as the song progresses.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ After the fourth verse, the song shifts to a fade-out coda that lasts for more than four minutes.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ \"Hey Jude\" was released in August 1968 as the first single from the Beatles' record label Apple Records.", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ \"Hey Hey Hey\" is a song recorded by American singer Katy Perry for her fifth studio album \"Witness\" (2017).", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ It was sent to Italian contemporary hit radio stations on January 12, 2018 by Universal Music Group as the album's fourth single.", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ The song was written by Perry, Sia Furler, Sarah Hudson, Max Martin and Ali Payami, while production was handled by Martin and Payami.", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ \"Hey Hey Hey\" is a rock and electronica-influenced, dark dream pop and electropop track; its lyrical theme is female empowerment.", "Hey Hey Hey __knowledge__ Reviewers speculated that the song was also about the 2016 United States presidential election nominees Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton.", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Hey!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Say!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ JUMP is a nine-member Japanese all-male band under the Japanese talent agency, Johnny & Associates.", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ The name Hey!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Say!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ refers to the fact that all the members were born in the Heisei period, and JUMP is an acronym for Johnny's Ultra Music Power.", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ They are also known as HSJ or just JUMP.", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Like agency seniors, Hikaru Genji and V6, the group is split into two sub-groups: Hey!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Say!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ BEST (Boys Excellent Select Team) and Hey!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Say!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ 7 (not to be confused with the temporary group with the same name).", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ The sub-groups consists of the five oldest members (BEST) and four youngest members (7) respectively.", "Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey! __knowledge__ The song \"Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey\", also known as \"Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey!", "Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey! __knowledge__ (Goin' Back to Birmingham)\", was written by Little Richard and recorded in May 9, 1956 at J&M Studio, New Orleans, Louisiana (supervised by Bumps Blackwell).", "Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey! __knowledge__ In 1955, Little Richard recorded two different versions of \"Kansas City\" by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller: one on September, 13 (supervised by Bumps Blackwell), and one on November, 29 (with five vocalists, supervised by Art Rupe).", "Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey! __knowledge__ The first version, which adheres closely to the original 1952 recording by Little Willie Littlefield for the first two verses, was not released until November 1970, on the compilation album \"Well Alright!\"", "Alder Hey Children's Hospital __knowledge__ Alder Hey Children's Hospital is a major national children's hospital and NHS foundation trust located in the suburb of West Derby; in the city of Liverpool, England.", "Alder Hey Children's Hospital __knowledge__ It is one of the largest children's hospitals in the United Kingdom and Europe, and one of several specialist hospitals located within the Liverpool City Region; alongside the Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, The Walton Centre, Mersey Regional Burns and Plastic Surgery Unit, and Clatterbridge Cancer Centre.", "Alder Hey Children's Hospital __knowledge__ The hospital was founded in 1914.", "Alder Hey Children's Hospital __knowledge__ During the First World War, the United States Army established Camp Hospital 40 on the site, operated by Hospital Unit Q and, subsequently, Unit W. American sources commonly refer to Alder Hey as being within Liverpool's Knotty Ash area.", "Hey Joe __knowledge__ \"Hey Joe\" is an American popular song from the 1960s that has become a rock standard and has been performed in many musical styles by hundreds of different artists.", "Hey Joe __knowledge__ \"Hey Joe\" tells the story of a man who is on the run and planning to head to Mexico after shooting his unfaithful wife.", "Hey Joe __knowledge__ The song was registered for copyright in the United States in 1962 by Billy Roberts.", "Hey Joe __knowledge__ However, diverse credits and claims have led to confusion about the song's authorship.", "Hey Joe __knowledge__ The earliest known commercial recording of the song is the late-1965 single by the Los Angeles garage band the Leaves; the band then re-recorded the track and released it in 1966 as a follow-up single which became a hit." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ The North Carolina Animal Protection Act aims to protect pets and their owners in North Carolina.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ This legislation models the Animal Welfare Act of 1966 and can be found in the North Carolina General Statutes under Chapter 19A: Protection Of Animals, Article 3, consisting of six articles.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ It aims (i) to protect the owners of dogs and cats from the theft of such pets; (ii) to prevent the sale or use of stolen pets; (iii) to insure that animals, as items of commerce, are provided humane care and treatment by regulating the transportation, sale, purchase, housing, care, handling and treatment of such animals by persons or organizations engaged in transporting, buying, or selling them for such use; (iv) to insure that animals confined in pet shops, kennels, animal shelters and auction markets are provided humane care and treatment; (v) to prohibit the sale, trade or adoption of those animals which show physical signs of infection, communicable disease, or congenital abnormalities, unless veterinary care is assured subsequent to sale, trade or adoption.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 (樱野3加1), also known as Sakurano in the Philippines, is a Taiwanese drama that airs Sunday on TTV/SETTV.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ This drama brings back Ming Dao and Joe Chen Qiao En.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian, Jia Jiang, Fang Wei, and Bulu all grew up on Westside Street together and currently study in Ying Ye School, one month away from graduation.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian's dad is a police officer in Westside Street and is retiring tomorrow.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ But just on that day, they all had a fight at school with the Dinosaur gang, and were almost expelled by the principal.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Officer Xia went to settle the conflict and not only did it not get settled, his gun got misplaced by the principal too.", "MSPCA-Angell __knowledge__ The Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals-Angell Animal Medical Center (MSPCA-Angell) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization with its main headquarters on South Huntington Avenue in the Jamaica Plain neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.", "MSPCA-Angell __knowledge__ It was founded in 1868, and is the second-oldest humane society in the United States.", "MSPCA-Angell __knowledge__ \"MSPCA-Angell\" was adopted as the society's identity in 2003, and indicates the names of its two closely related predecessor organizations: Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and Angell Animal Medical Center (formerly known as Angell Memorial Animal Hospital).", "Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty __knowledge__ The Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty (Nova Scotia SPCA) is a not-for-profit charitable society organized under the \"Animal Protection Act\" of the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.", "Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty __knowledge__ The Society is dedicated to the prevention of cruelty to animals and to the promotion of respect and humane care for animals.", "Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty __knowledge__ Its members are committed to providing humane leadership in animal advocacy, protection, education, and veterinary care.", "Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty __knowledge__ The Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals is involved solely with the prevention of cruelty to animals and the promotion of humane education.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ Pardis Animal Shelter () is a no-kill animal shelter, a spay/neuter clinic, and a public animal hospital located near Tabriz, Iran.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ It is affiliated with \"Tabriz Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals\" which is a volunteer nonprofit organization based in Tabriz, devoted to pet adoption and animal rescue.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ Pardis Shelter was founded by Jila Pourirani in 2012, after a massive cull that nearly 400 dogs were shot dead in Tabriz.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ Pardis Shelter has a clinic, 11 shelters, three niches and shaded areas.", "Pardis Animal Shelter __knowledge__ 1300 animals of different kinds including dogs, cats, foxes, horses and birds such as eagle, owl and vultures are being treated and sheltered in this center.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse.", "Philippine Animal Welfare Society __knowledge__ The Philippine Animal Welfare Society (PAWS) is a volunteer-based, non-government organization whose goal is to prevent animal cruelty through education, animal sheltering and advocacy.", "Philippine Animal Welfare Society __knowledge__ PAWS believes that the creation of a more peaceful society starts with the widening of mankind’s circle of compassion which includes animals, thereby envisions a nation that respects animals, practices responsible pet ownership and protects wildlife.", "Philippine Animal Welfare Society __knowledge__ The volunteer-based organization rehabilitates these animals in the hope of finding them new homes and a second chance at a good life.", "Philippine Animal Welfare Society __knowledge__ PAWS does not take in pets of other people, only victims of cruelty or neglect where the animal offenders are charged with violation of the Animal Welfare Act in court.", "Richmond Animal Protection Society __knowledge__ Richmond Animal Protection Society (RAPS) is a no kill animal services agency in Richmond, British Columbia, Canada, which has Canada's largest cat sanctuary.", "Richmond Animal Protection Society __knowledge__ In 1989, Carol Reichert founded the Richmond Animal Protection Society (then Richmond Homeless Cats), the first organization in the Richmond area helping feral cats.", "Richmond Animal Protection Society __knowledge__ At the time, feral cats were quickly killed upon entering local animal control pounds, which Reichert was horrified to learn.", "Richmond Animal Protection Society __knowledge__ Volunteers started to do trap-neuter-return of feral cats, including fostering and taming feral kittens, and fostering tame cats for adoption.", "Richmond Animal Protection Society __knowledge__ There were soon 43 feeding stations for feral cats tended each day in Richmond and south Vancouver.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Trap-neuter-return (TNR) is a type of program through which free-roaming cats are trapped, sterilized (males are castrated and females undergo ovo-hysterectomies), and returned to the outdoor locations where they were found.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ If those locations are deemed unsafe or otherwise inappropriate, the cats may be relocated (barn/farmyard homes are often considered ideal).", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Kittens young enough to be socialized and friendly adult cats may be placed in foster care for eventual adoption into homes as companion animals rather than returned to the outdoors.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Cats found suffering with terminal, untreatable, and/or contagious illnesses or injuries are often euthanized." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 (樱野3加1), also known as Sakurano in the Philippines, is a Taiwanese drama that airs Sunday on TTV/SETTV.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ This drama brings back Ming Dao and Joe Chen Qiao En.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian, Jia Jiang, Fang Wei, and Bulu all grew up on Westside Street together and currently study in Ying Ye School, one month away from graduation.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian's dad is a police officer in Westside Street and is retiring tomorrow.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ But just on that day, they all had a fight at school with the Dinosaur gang, and were almost expelled by the principal.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Officer Xia went to settle the conflict and not only did it not get settled, his gun got misplaced by the principal too.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "World Association of Zoos and Aquariums __knowledge__ The World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA) is the \"umbrella\" organisation for the world zoo and aquarium community.", "World Association of Zoos and Aquariums __knowledge__ Its mission is to provide leadership and support for zoos, aquariums, and partner organizations of the world in animal care and welfare, conservation of biodiversity, environmental education and global sustainability.", "World Association of Zoos and Aquariums __knowledge__ The organisation is based in Gland, Switzerland.", "World Association of Zoos and Aquariums __knowledge__ After an earlier International Union of Directors of Zoological Gardens (IUDZG), founded in 1935 at Basel, Switzerland, ceased to exist during World War II, a new IUDZG was founded in Rotterdam in 1946 by a group of zoo directors from allied or neutral countries.", "I Love Money (season 4) __knowledge__ I Love Money 4 or I Love Money (season 4) is the fourth season of the VH1 reality television series \"I Love Money\", created by \"Surreal Life\" executive producers Cris Abrego and Mark Cronin.", "I Love Money (season 4) __knowledge__ The fourth season's 18 contestants were drawn from \"I Love New York\", \"Rock of Love\", \"Real Chance of Love\", \"Daisy of Love\", \"Megan Wants a Millionaire\", and \"For the Love of Ray J\" to compete in physical and mental challenges, aiming for a $250,000 grand prize.", "I Love Money (season 4) __knowledge__ Production began in late August 2009 and wrapped September 2009, and premiered on 16 September 2010.", "I Love Money (season 4) __knowledge__ The show was reportedly edited in order to focus on the competitions, as VH1 noted they \"had a new programming filter in place\" in the wake of the Ryan Jenkins off-camera tragedy.", "Nepenthes rajah __knowledge__ Nepenthes rajah is a carnivorous pitcher plant species of the Nepenthaceae family.", "Nepenthes rajah __knowledge__ It is endemic to Mount Kinabalu and neighbouring Mount Tambuyukon in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo.", "Nepenthes rajah __knowledge__ \"Nepenthes rajah\" grows exclusively on serpentine substrates, particularly in areas of seeping ground water where the soil is loose and permanently moist.", "Nepenthes rajah __knowledge__ The species has an altitudinal range of 1500 to 2650 m a.s.l.", "Nepenthes rajah __knowledge__ and is thus considered a highland or sub-alpine plant.", "Nepenthes rajah __knowledge__ Due to its localised distribution, \"N. rajah\" is classified as an endangered species by the IUCN and listed on CITES Appendix I.", "Nepenthes rajah __knowledge__ The species was collected by Hugh Low on Mount Kinabalu in 1858, and described the following year by Joseph Dalton Hooker, who named it after James Brooke, the first White Rajah of Sarawak.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Pet adoption is the process of taking responsibility for a pet that a previous owner has abandoned or released to a shelter or rescue organization.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Common sources for adoptable pets are animal shelters and rescue groups.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Some organizations give adopters ownership of the pet, while others use a guardianship model wherein the organization retains some control over the animal's future use or care.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ Also available is online pet adoption.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ These sites have databases of pets being housed by thousands of animal shelters and rescue groups, and are searchable by the public.", "Pet adoption __knowledge__ They include Petfinder.org and Adopt-a-Pet.com.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse.", "Animal Care Centers of NYC __knowledge__ Animal Care Centers of NYC (ACC), formerly known as Animal Care & Control of NYC, is a not-for-profit corporation that was formed for the purpose of providing animal care and control services in New York City.", "Animal Care Centers of NYC __knowledge__ ACC was created in 1994 to assume the responsibilities of the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), after the ASPCA decided not to renew its contract to run New York City’s animal shelter system.", "Animal Care Centers of NYC __knowledge__ ACC entered into its own contract with the New York City Department of Health (DOH), and on January 1, 1995, followed the ASPCA as New York City’s provider of animal care and control services.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the \"MÄR\" series developed and designed by Nobuyuki Anzai.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ (虎水ギンタ \"Toramizu Ginta\") (バッボ) Babbo is a unique ÄRM that was first wielded by Phantom and is later wielded by Ginta.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ He resembles a metal kendama.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ He contained the soul of the previous Elder of Caldia.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ Babbo has many forms: (スノウ, \"Sunou\") Snow who was on the run from her step mother with her servant and good friend Ed.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ People were told by the queen to kill her.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ Much later they find an abandoned castle.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ As they explore it Snow decided to seal herself away in ice.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ Ed tried to convince her to not seal herself, but Snow reminded him about the fact of the people after her and told him to run.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "1945 PETA Revolt in Blitar __knowledge__ The PETA revolt in Blitar (Indonesian: Pembrontakan PETA di Blitar) was an anti-occupation revolt in Indonesia, on 14 February 1945 by the PETA daidan (battalion) in Blitar, East Java.", "1945 PETA Revolt in Blitar __knowledge__ This revolt is widely known as the first major uprising of local armies in Indonesia during the Japanese occupation.", "1945 PETA Revolt in Blitar __knowledge__ The revolt ended unsuccessfully, where most of the rebels left the attack, or were captured or killed by the Japanese.", "1945 PETA Revolt in Blitar __knowledge__ Nevertheless, the government of Indonesia acknowledged the revolt as a meaningful revolution.", "1945 PETA Revolt in Blitar __knowledge__ Presidential Decree no.63 of 1975 officially appointed Supriyadi, the leader of rebels, as a national hero of Indonesia.", "PETA satirical browser games __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), an animal rights organization based in the United States, has released a number of browser games on its website that have parodied existing video games.", "PETA satirical browser games __knowledge__ Various PETA parodies have taken on games such as \"Super Mario Bros.\", \"Cooking Mama\", and \"Pokémon Black\" and \"White\".", "PETA satirical browser games __knowledge__ PETA creates these games to spread attention about real-life animal rights and animal welfare concerns and advocate vegetarian and vegan diets.", "PETA satirical browser games __knowledge__ Some of PETA's earliest forays into gaming include Flash-based games such as \"Make Fred Spew\" (2001) and \"Save the Chicks\" (2003), which were included as part of PETA's anti-dairy and Kentucky Fried Cruelty campaigns.", "Ingrid Newkirk __knowledge__ Ingrid E. Newkirk (born June 11, 1949) is an English-born British-American animal rights activist and the president of People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), the world's largest animal rights organization.", "Ingrid Newkirk __knowledge__ She is the author of several books, including \"Making Kind Choices\" (2005) and \"The PETA Practical Guide to Animal Rights: Simple Acts of Kindness to Help Animals in Trouble\" (2009).", "Ingrid Newkirk __knowledge__ Newkirk has worked for the animal-protection movement since 1972.", "Ingrid Newkirk __knowledge__ Under her leadership in the 1970s as the District of Columbia's first female poundmaster, legislation was passed to create the first spay/neuter clinic in Washington, D.C., as well as an adoption program and the public funding of veterinary services, leading her to be among those chosen in 1980 as Washingtonians of the Year.", "Peta Janossi __knowledge__ Peta Janossi is a fictional character in the Australian soap opera \"Home and Away\", portrayed by Aleetza Wood, she debuted on the series on 27 May 1999 and departed on 14 July 2000.", "Peta Janossi __knowledge__ Peta is a local girl who seemingly blends into the background until she is given a makeover by Hayley Smith (Bec Cartwright).", "Peta Janossi __knowledge__ She begins a relationship with Will Smith (Zac Drayson) but it does not last.", "Peta Janossi __knowledge__ Peta is discovered to be living with her brother David (Philip Edwards) and invents a cover story in which a homeless woman, Annie Matthews (Carole Skinner) poses as Peta's late grandmother.", "Peta Janossi __knowledge__ She is then fostered by Joel (David Woodley) and Natalie Nash (Antoinette Byron).", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ This list of Internet censorship and surveillance by country provides information on the types and levels of Internet censorship and surveillance that is occurring in countries around the world.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ Detailed country by country information on Internet censorship and surveillance is provided in the \"Freedom on the Net\" reports from Freedom House, by the OpenNet Initiative, by Reporters Without Borders, and in the \"Country Reports on Human Rights Practices\" from the U.S. State Department Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ The ratings produced by several of these organizations are summarized below as well as in the Censorship by country article.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ The Special Activities Division (SAD) is a division of the United States Central Intelligence Agency responsible for covert operations.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ Within SAD there are two separate groups: SAD/SOG for tactical paramilitary operations and SAD/PAG for covert political action.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ SAD's name changed to Special Activities Center as a result of the modernization and reorganization of the CIA in 2016.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ The Special Operations Group (SOG) is the department within SAD responsible for operations that include high-threat military or covert operations which the US government does not wish to be overtly associated.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ As such, unit members, called Paramilitary Operations Officers and Specialized Skills Officers, do not typically carry any objects or clothing, e.g., military uniforms, that would associate them with the United States government.", "Homelessness __knowledge__ Homelessness is the condition of people without a permanent dwelling, such as a house or apartment.", "Homelessness __knowledge__ People who are homeless are most often unable to acquire and maintain regular, safe, secure and adequate housing.", "Homelessness __knowledge__ The legal definition of \"homeless\" varies from country to country, or among different jurisdictions in the same country or region.", "Homelessness __knowledge__ The term \"homeless\" may also include people whose primary night-time residence is in a homeless shelter, a domestic violence shelter, long-term residence in a motel, a vehicle, squatting, cardboard boxes, a tent city, tarpaulins, shanty town structures made of discarded building materials or other \"ad hoc\" housing situations.", "Office of the Inspector General, U.S. Department of Defense __knowledge__ The Department of Defense Inspector General is an independent, objective agency that provides oversight related to the programs and operations of the United States Department of Defense.", "Office of the Inspector General, U.S. Department of Defense __knowledge__ DoD IG was created in 1982 as an amendment to the Inspector General Act of 1978.", "Office of the Inspector General, U.S. Department of Defense __knowledge__ It is the largest office of the Inspector-General in the United States.", "Office of the Inspector General, U.S. Department of Defense __knowledge__ The office's mission is to promote integrity, accountability, and improvement of Department of Defense personnel, programs and operations to support the Department's mission and serve the public interest.", "Office of the Inspector General, U.S. Department of Defense __knowledge__ Its vision is \"One professional team strengthening the integrity, efficiency, and effectiveness of the Department of Defense\".", "Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act __knowledge__ The Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (, , commonly referred to as Dodd–Frank) was signed into United States federal law by President Barack Obama on July 21, 2010.", "Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act __knowledge__ Passed as a response to the financial crisis of 2007–2008, it brought the most significant changes to financial regulation in the United States since the regulatory reform that followed the Great Depression.", "Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act __knowledge__ It made changes in the American financial regulatory environment that affected all federal financial regulatory agencies and almost every part of the nation's financial services industry.", "Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act __knowledge__ The law was initially proposed by the Obama administration in June 2009, when the White House sent a series of proposed bills to Congress.", "Homeless shelter __knowledge__ Homeless shelters are a type of homeless service agency which provide temporary residence for homeless individuals and families.", "Homeless shelter __knowledge__ Shelters exist to provide clients with safety and protection from exposure to the weather while simultaneously reducing the environmental impact on the community.", "Homeless shelter __knowledge__ They are similar to, but distinguishable from, various types of emergency shelters, which are typically operated for specific circumstances and populations - fleeing natural disasters or abusive social circumstances.", "Homeless shelter __knowledge__ Extreme weather conditions create problems similar to disaster management scenarios, and are handled with warming centers, which typically operate for short durations during adverse weather." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ This list of Internet censorship and surveillance by country provides information on the types and levels of Internet censorship and surveillance that is occurring in countries around the world.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ Detailed country by country information on Internet censorship and surveillance is provided in the \"Freedom on the Net\" reports from Freedom House, by the OpenNet Initiative, by Reporters Without Borders, and in the \"Country Reports on Human Rights Practices\" from the U.S. State Department Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ The ratings produced by several of these organizations are summarized below as well as in the Censorship by country article.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the \"MÄR\" series developed and designed by Nobuyuki Anzai.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ (虎水ギンタ \"Toramizu Ginta\") (バッボ) Babbo is a unique ÄRM that was first wielded by Phantom and is later wielded by Ginta.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ He resembles a metal kendama.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ He contained the soul of the previous Elder of Caldia.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ Babbo has many forms: (スノウ, \"Sunou\") Snow who was on the run from her step mother with her servant and good friend Ed.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ People were told by the queen to kill her.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ Much later they find an abandoned castle.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ As they explore it Snow decided to seal herself away in ice.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ Ed tried to convince her to not seal herself, but Snow reminded him about the fact of the people after her and told him to run.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The following is an alphabetical list of the minor characters in the various versions of \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", by Douglas Adams.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The descriptions of the characters are accompanied by information on details about appearances and references to the characters.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Major characters— Arthur Dent, Ford Prefect, Zaphod Beeblebrox, Marvin the Paranoid Android, Trillian, and Slartibartfast—are separately described.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Lists are also available for places in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", races and species in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", technology in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", phrases from \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", and cast lists for \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\".", "English trust law __knowledge__ English trust law concerns the creation and protection of asset funds, which are usually held by one party for another's benefit.", "English trust law __knowledge__ Trusts were a creation of the English law of property and obligations, but also share a history with countries across the Commonwealth and the United States.", "English trust law __knowledge__ Trusts developed when claimants in property disputes were dissatisfied with the common law courts and petitioned the King for a just and equitable result.", "English trust law __knowledge__ On the King's behalf, the Lord Chancellor developed a parallel justice system in the Court of Chancery.", "English trust law __knowledge__ Historically, trusts were mostly used where people left money in a will, created family settlements, created charities, or some types of business venture.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "United States labor law __knowledge__ United States labor law sets the rights and duties for employees, labor unions, and employers in the United States.", "United States labor law __knowledge__ Labor law's basic aim is to remedy the \"inequality of bargaining power\" between employees and employers, especially employers \"organized in the corporate or other forms of ownership association\".", "United States labor law __knowledge__ Over the 20th century, federal law created minimum social and economic rights, and encouraged state laws to go beyond the minimum to favor employees.", "United States labor law __knowledge__ The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 requires a federal minimum wage, currently $7.25 but higher in 28 states, and discourages unhealthy working weeks over 40 hours through time-and-a-half overtime pay.", "The Blitz __knowledge__ The Blitz was a German bombing offensive against Britain in 1940 and 1941, during the Second World War.", "The Blitz __knowledge__ The term was first used by the British press and is the German word for 'lightning'.", "The Blitz __knowledge__ The Germans conducted mass air attacks against industrial targets, towns and cities, beginning with raids on London towards the end of the Battle of Britain in 1940, a battle for daylight air superiority between the \"Luftwaffe\" and the Royal Air Force over the United Kingdom.", "The Blitz __knowledge__ By September 1940, the \"Luftwaffe\" had failed and the German air fleets (\"Luftflotten\") were ordered to attack London, to draw RAF Fighter Command into a battle of annihilation.", "Homelessness in the United States by state __knowledge__ Homelessness in the United States is a social crisis.", "Homelessness in the United States by state __knowledge__ The different states within the United States have varying homeless populations.", "Homelessness in the United States by state __knowledge__ Although throughout the United States panhandling is discouraged, passive panhandling falls under First Amendment rights to free speech.", "Homelessness in the United States by state __knowledge__ In Alabama the prohibition of aggressive panhandling and regulation of passive panhandling is controlled by individual cities, with many panhandlers being charged with loitering offences.", "Homelessness in the United States by state __knowledge__ Loitering for the purposes of begging and prostitution in Alabama is a criminal offense.", "Homelessness in the United States by state __knowledge__ An issue for Alabamans is the proportion of panhandlers defined as vagrants, who contrary to their implications, are not homeless but accept the generosity of the community under this false pretence.", "Homeless shelter __knowledge__ Homeless shelters are a type of homeless service agency which provide temporary residence for homeless individuals and families.", "Homeless shelter __knowledge__ Shelters exist to provide clients with safety and protection from exposure to the weather while simultaneously reducing the environmental impact on the community.", "Homeless shelter __knowledge__ They are similar to, but distinguishable from, various types of emergency shelters, which are typically operated for specific circumstances and populations - fleeing natural disasters or abusive social circumstances.", "Homeless shelter __knowledge__ Extreme weather conditions create problems similar to disaster management scenarios, and are handled with warming centers, which typically operate for short durations during adverse weather." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 7, 8, 0 ]

[ "Hi! I volunteer my time at the local animal shelter. This is where dogs and cats and other wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "I prefer to work for no kill shelters, but even then sometimes they have to euthanize sick animals.", "It's horrible. And its actually very sad because in the United States, there is no government run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the shelters. It's tragic.", "Many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction. PETA is a lot of talk and not that much action, they also are not government operated or regulated.", "No problem, just remember if you ever want to get a pet, adopt from your local shelter and not a pet store!" ]

[ "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter" ]

[ "Dr Pepper", "I like it also but a bnice cold coke is my choice of drink first.", "True. We will never know. The million dollar secret right?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ Dr Pepper is a carbonated soft drink marketed as having a unique flavor.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ The drink was created in the 1880s by pharmacist Charles Alderton in Waco, Texas and first served around 1885.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ Dr Pepper was first nationally marketed in the United States in 1904, and is now also sold in Europe, Asia, Canada, Mexico, Australia, and South America, as well as New Zealand and South Africa as an imported good.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ Variants include a version without high fructose corn syrup, Diet Dr Pepper, as well as a line of additional flavors, first introduced in the 2000s.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ The U.S. Patent Office recognizes December 1, 1885, as the first time Dr Pepper was served.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ It was introduced nationally in the United States at the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition as a new kind of soda pop, made with 23 flavors.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ Its introduction in 1885 preceded the introduction of Coca-Cola by one year.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ It was formulated by Brooklyn-born pharmacist Charles Alderton in Morrison's Old Corner Drug Store in Waco, Texas.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ To test his new drink, he first offered it to store owner Wade Morrison, who also found it to his liking.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ Patrons at Morrison's soda fountain soon learned of Alderton's new drink and began ordering a \"Waco\".", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ Alderton gave the formula to Morrison, who named it Dr. Pepper (later stylized as \"Dr Pepper\")." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ Dr Pepper is a carbonated soft drink marketed as having a unique flavor.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ The drink was created in the 1880s by pharmacist Charles Alderton in Waco, Texas and first served around 1885.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ Dr Pepper was first nationally marketed in the United States in 1904, and is now also sold in Europe, Asia, Canada, Mexico, Australia, and South America, as well as New Zealand and South Africa as an imported good.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ Variants include a version without high fructose corn syrup, Diet Dr Pepper, as well as a line of additional flavors, first introduced in the 2000s.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ The U.S. Patent Office recognizes December 1, 1885, as the first time Dr Pepper was served.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ It was introduced nationally in the United States at the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition as a new kind of soda pop, made with 23 flavors.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ Its introduction in 1885 preceded the introduction of Coca-Cola by one year.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ It was formulated by Brooklyn-born pharmacist Charles Alderton in Morrison's Old Corner Drug Store in Waco, Texas.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ To test his new drink, he first offered it to store owner Wade Morrison, who also found it to his liking.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ Patrons at Morrison's soda fountain soon learned of Alderton's new drink and began ordering a \"Waco\".", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ Alderton gave the formula to Morrison, who named it Dr. Pepper (later stylized as \"Dr Pepper\").", "New Coke __knowledge__ New Coke was the unofficial name for the reformulation of Coca-Cola introduced in April 1985 by the Coca-Cola Company to replace the original formula of its flagship soft drink, Coca-Cola (also called Coke).", "New Coke __knowledge__ New Coke originally had no separate name of its own but was simply known as \"the new taste of Coca-Cola\" until 1992, when it was renamed Coke Ⅱ. Coca-Cola's market share had been losing ground to diet soft drinks and non-cola beverages for many years.", "New Coke __knowledge__ Consumers who were purchasing regular colas seemed to prefer the sweeter taste of rival Pepsi-Cola, as Coca-Cola learned in conducting blind taste tests.", "Credit Card Insider __knowledge__ Credit Card Insider is a privately held Syracuse, NY based consumer education company.", "Credit Card Insider __knowledge__ The company provides reviews of credit cards, information about building credit, and tools to compare credit card products.", "Credit Card Insider __knowledge__ Founded in 2012 by John Ganotis and Eric Adamowsky, the Credit Card Insider website launched in early 2013.", "Credit Card Insider __knowledge__ The company is located in Syracuse, NY.", "Credit Card Insider __knowledge__ The company works with different finance industry professionals, in the areas of personal finance, credit, and credit cards.", "Credit Card Insider __knowledge__ Credit Card Insider editors provide insight based on in-depth research of all the credit cards reviewed by the company.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ Coca-Cola, or Coke, is a carbonated soft drink produced by The Coca-Cola Company.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ Originally intended as a patent medicine, it was invented in the late 19th century by John Pemberton and was bought out by businessman Asa Griggs Candler, whose marketing tactics led Coca-Cola to its dominance of the world soft-drink market throughout the 20th century.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ The drink's name refers to two of its original ingredients, which were kola nuts (a source of caffeine) and coca leaves.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ The current formula of Coca-Cola remains a trade secret, although a variety of reported recipes and experimental recreations have been published.", "Edward Coke __knowledge__ Sir Edward Coke ( \"cook\", ; 1 February 1552 – 3 September 1634) was an English barrister, judge and, later, opposition politician, who is considered to be the greatest jurist of the Elizabethan and Jacobean eras.", "Edward Coke __knowledge__ Born into a middle-class family, Coke was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, before leaving to study at the Inner Temple, where he was called to the Bar on 20 April 1578.", "Edward Coke __knowledge__ As a barrister he took part in several notable cases, including \"Slade's Case\", before earning enough political favour to be elected to Parliament, where he served first as Solicitor General and then as Speaker of the House of Commons.", "Cocacolonization __knowledge__ Cocacolonization (alternatively coca-colonization) refers to the globalization of American culture (also referred as to as Americanization) pushed through popular American products such as soft drink maker Coca-Cola.", "Cocacolonization __knowledge__ It is a portmanteau of the name of the multinational soft drink maker and \"colonization\": a process of change that happens everywhere the culture of capitalism takes root.", "Cocacolonization __knowledge__ The term was first documented in 1949 in France, where the French Communist Party strongly opposed the further expansion of Coca-Cola.", "Cocacolonization __knowledge__ In 1948, the finance ministry stood against Coke on the grounds that its operation would bring no capital to help with French recovery, and was likely to drain profits back to the parent company in the United States.", "The Coca-Cola Company __knowledge__ The Coca-Cola Company, which is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, but incorporated in Wilmington, Delaware, is an American multinational beverage corporation, and manufacturer, retailer, and marketer of nonalcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups.", "The Coca-Cola Company __knowledge__ The company is best known for its flagship product Coca-Cola, invented in 1886 by pharmacist John Stith Pemberton in Columbus, Georgia.", "The Coca-Cola Company __knowledge__ The Coca-Cola formula and brand were bought in 1889 by Asa Griggs Candler (December 30, 1851 – March 12, 1929), who incorporated The Coca-Cola Company in 1892.", "The Coca-Cola Company __knowledge__ The company has operated a franchised distribution system since 1889, wherein The Coca-Cola Company only produces syrup concentrate, which is then sold to various bottlers throughout the world who hold exclusive territories.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ A soft drink (see terminology for other names) is a drink that typically contains carbonated water (although lemonade, among others, is usually not carbonated), a sweetener, and a natural or artificial flavoring.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ The sweetener may be sugar, high-fructose corn syrup, fruit juice, sugar substitutes (in the case of diet drinks), or some combination of these.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Soft drinks may also contain caffeine, colorings, preservatives, and other ingredients.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Soft drinks are called \"soft\" in contrast with \"hard\" alcoholic beverages.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Small amounts of alcohol may be present in a soft drink, but the alcohol content must be less than 0.5% of the total volume if the drink is to be considered non-alcoholic.", "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band __knowledge__ Sgt.", "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band __knowledge__ Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band is the eighth studio album by English rock band the Beatles.", "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band __knowledge__ Released on 26 May 1967 in the United Kingdom and 2 June 1967 in the United States, it was an immediate commercial and critical success, spending 27 weeks at the top of the UK albums chart and 15 weeks at number one in the US.", "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band __knowledge__ On release, the album was lauded by the vast majority of critics for its innovations in music production, songwriting and graphic design, for bridging a cultural divide between popular music and legitimate art, and for providing a musical representation of its generation and the contemporary counterculture.", "Black pepper __knowledge__ Black pepper (\"Piper nigrum\") is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning, known as a peppercorn.", "Black pepper __knowledge__ When fresh and fully mature, it is approximately in diameter and dark red, and contains a single seed like all drupes.", "Black pepper __knowledge__ Peppercorns and the ground pepper derived from them may be described simply as pepper, or more precisely as black pepper (cooked and dried unripe fruit), green pepper (dried unripe fruit), and white pepper (ripe fruit seeds).", "Black pepper __knowledge__ Black pepper is native to south India and is extensively cultivated there and elsewhere in tropical regions.", "Jibboom __knowledge__ A jibboom (also spelt jib-boom) is a spar used to extend the length of a bowsprit on sailing ships.", "Jibboom __knowledge__ It can itself be extended further by a flying jib-boom.", "Jibboom __knowledge__ The heel (i.e.", "Jibboom __knowledge__ rear and lower) end of the flying jib-boom is attached to the jib-boom, and the heel of the jib-boom to the bowsprit.", "Jibboom __knowledge__ The point (i.e.", "Jibboom __knowledge__ higher and fore end) of the flying jib-boom is generally the fore-most extent of a ship.", "Jibboom __knowledge__ The jib- and flying jib- booms carry the tacks of the jib and flying jib sails, respectively, and the stay for the fore topgallant mast and the royal stay.", "Jibboom __knowledge__ The jib-boom is—as the name suggests—the boom for the jib, extending its foot.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses, often abbreviated as GNR, is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1985.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ The lineup, when first signed to Geffen Records in 1986, consisted of vocalist Axl Rose, lead guitarist Slash, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin, bassist Duff McKagan, and drummer Steven Adler.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses has released six studio albums, accumulating sales of more than 100 million records worldwide, including 45 million in the United States, making them the 41st best-selling artist of all time.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses' debut album, \"Appetite for Destruction\" (1987), reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 a year after its release, on the strength of \"Sweet Child o' Mine\", the band's only single to reach number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ Dr Pepper is a carbonated soft drink marketed as having a unique flavor.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ The drink was created in the 1880s by pharmacist Charles Alderton in Waco, Texas and first served around 1885.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ Dr Pepper was first nationally marketed in the United States in 1904, and is now also sold in Europe, Asia, Canada, Mexico, Australia, and South America, as well as New Zealand and South Africa as an imported good.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ Variants include a version without high fructose corn syrup, Diet Dr Pepper, as well as a line of additional flavors, first introduced in the 2000s.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ The U.S. Patent Office recognizes December 1, 1885, as the first time Dr Pepper was served.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ It was introduced nationally in the United States at the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition as a new kind of soda pop, made with 23 flavors.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ Its introduction in 1885 preceded the introduction of Coca-Cola by one year.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ It was formulated by Brooklyn-born pharmacist Charles Alderton in Morrison's Old Corner Drug Store in Waco, Texas.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ To test his new drink, he first offered it to store owner Wade Morrison, who also found it to his liking.", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ Patrons at Morrison's soda fountain soon learned of Alderton's new drink and began ordering a \"Waco\".", "Dr Pepper __knowledge__ Alderton gave the formula to Morrison, who named it Dr. Pepper (later stylized as \"Dr Pepper\").", "The Bionic Woman __knowledge__ The Bionic Woman is an American television science fiction action series starring Lindsay Wagner that aired between 1976 and 1978.", "The Bionic Woman __knowledge__ \"The Bionic Woman\" series features Jaime Sommers, who takes on special high-risk government missions using her superhuman bionic powers.", "The Bionic Woman __knowledge__ \"The Bionic Woman\" series is a spin-off from the 1970s \"The Six Million Dollar Man\" television science fiction action series.", "The Bionic Woman __knowledge__ Wagner stars as professional tennis player Jaime Sommers, who becomes critically injured during a skydiving accident.", "The Bionic Woman __knowledge__ Jaime's life is saved by Oscar Goldman (Richard Anderson) and Dr. Rudy Wells (Martin E. Brooks) with bionic surgical implants similar to those of \"The Six Million Dollar Man\" Steve Austin (Lee Majors).", "The Six Million Dollar Man __knowledge__ The Six Million Dollar Man is an American science fiction and action television series about a former astronaut, Colonel Steve Austin, portrayed by American actor Lee Majors.", "The Six Million Dollar Man __knowledge__ Austin has superhuman strength due to bionic implants and is employed as a secret agent by a fictional U.S. government office titled OSI.", "The Six Million Dollar Man __knowledge__ The series was based on the Martin Caidin novel \"Cyborg\", which was the working title of the series during pre-production.", "The Six Million Dollar Man __knowledge__ Following three television pilot movies, which all aired in 1973, \"The Six Million Dollar Man\" television series aired on the ABC network as a regular episodic series for five seasons from 1974 to 1978.", "Ted DiBiase __knowledge__ Theodore Marvin DiBiase Sr. (born January 18, 1954) is an American former professional wrestler, manager, ordained minister and color commentator.", "Ted DiBiase __knowledge__ He is signed with WWE working in their Legends program.", "Ted DiBiase __knowledge__ DiBiase achieved championship success in a number of wrestling promotions, holding thirty titles during his professional wrestling career.", "Ted DiBiase __knowledge__ He is best recalled by mainstream audiences for his time in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF), where he wrestled as \"The Million Dollar Man\" Ted DiBiase.", "Ted DiBiase __knowledge__ He is regarded by many as one of the greatest villains in pro wrestling history.", "Ted DiBiase __knowledge__ IGN called DiBiase \"one of the most gifted technical wrestlers to ever grace the squared-circle\".", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ Whitney Elizabeth Houston (August 9, 1963 – February 11, 2012) was an American singer, actress, producer, and model.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ In 2009, \"Guinness World Records\" cited her as the most awarded female act of all time.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ Houston is one of the best-selling music artists of all-time, with 200 million records sold worldwide.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ She released seven studio albums and two soundtrack albums, all of which have diamond, multi-platinum, platinum, or gold certification.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ Houston's crossover appeal on the popular music charts, as well as her prominence on MTV, starting with her video for \"How Will I Know\", influenced several African American women artists who follow in her footsteps.", "Clint Eastwood __knowledge__ Clinton Eastwood Jr. (born May 31, 1930) is an American actor, filmmaker, musician, and political figure.", "Clint Eastwood __knowledge__ After achieving success in the Western TV series \"Rawhide\", he rose to international fame with his role as the Man with No Name in Sergio Leone's \"Dollars\" Trilogy of Spaghetti Westerns during the 1960s, and as antihero cop Harry Callahan in the five \"Dirty Harry\" films throughout the 1970s and 1980s.", "Clint Eastwood __knowledge__ These roles, among others, have made Eastwood an enduring cultural icon of masculinity.", "Clint Eastwood __knowledge__ For his work in the Western film \"Unforgiven\" (1992) and the sports drama \"Million Dollar Baby\" (2004), Eastwood won Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture, as well as receiving nominations for Best Actor.", "Lucius (band) __knowledge__ Lucius is a four-piece indie pop band that got its start in Brooklyn, New York.", "Lucius (band) __knowledge__ The band relocated to Los Angeles in 2015.", "Lucius (band) __knowledge__ The group currently consists of lead vocalists, Jess Wolfe and Holly Laessig, drummer and producer, Dan Molad, and lead guitarist, Peter Lalish.", "Lucius (band) __knowledge__ Josh Dion (drums) and Casey Foubert (guitar) have been joining the band for live performances since Andrew Burri left the band in late 2016.", "Lucius (band) __knowledge__ The band has two studio albums to date: \"Wildewoman\" (2013) and \"Good Grief\" (2016).", "Lucius (band) __knowledge__ Both received critical acclaim from \"The New York Times\", \"Rolling Stone\", \"NPR\" and \"Village Voice\".", "Lucius (band) __knowledge__ \"Paste Magazine\" named them as one of the best live acts in 2015.", "Million Dollar Bill __knowledge__ \"Million Dollar Bill\" is a song performed by American recording artist Whitney Houston from her seventh studio album, \"I Look to You\" (2009).", "Million Dollar Bill __knowledge__ It was released as the official worldwide lead (second US single) from the album on August 18, 2009 through Arista Records in the US and August 24, 2009 through RCA Records in the UK.", "Million Dollar Bill __knowledge__ It is Houston's final single from a studio album, and the last song released in her lifetime before her death in 2012.", "Million Dollar Bill __knowledge__ The song samples R&B singer Loleatta Holloway's \"We're Getting Stronger\" from Holloway's 1976 debut LP.", "Million Dollar Bill __knowledge__ The song was written by singer-songwriter Alicia Keys and samples R&B singer Loleatta Holloway's \"We're Getting Stronger\" from Holloway's 1976 debut LP.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, CBE (born Elizabeth Gwynne, 26 December 1913 – 22 May 1992) was a British cookery writer.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the mid-20th century she strongly influenced the revitalisation of home cookery in her native country and beyond with articles and books about European cuisines and traditional British dishes.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Born to an upper-class family, David rebelled against social norms of the day.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the 1930s she studied art in Paris, became an actress, and ran off with a married man with whom she sailed in a small boat to Italy, where their boat was confiscated.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ They reached Greece, where they were nearly trapped by the German invasion in 1941, but escaped to Egypt, where they parted.", "Maharashtrian cuisine __knowledge__ Maharashtrian or Marathi cuisine is the cuisine of the Marathi people from the Indian state of Maharashtra.", "Maharashtrian cuisine __knowledge__ It has distinctive attributes, while sharing much with other Indian cuisines.", "Maharashtrian cuisine __knowledge__ Traditionally, Maharashtrians have considered their food to be more austere than others.", "Maharashtrian cuisine __knowledge__ Maharashtrian cuisine includes mild and spicy dishes.", "Maharashtrian cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat, rice, \"jowar\", \"bajri\", vegetables, lentils and fruit are dietary staples.", "Maharashtrian cuisine __knowledge__ Peanuts and cashews are often served with vegetables.", "Maharashtrian cuisine __knowledge__ Meat is traditionally used sparsely or by the well off until recently, because of economic conditions and culture.", "Maharashtrian cuisine __knowledge__ The urban population in metropolitan cities such as Mumbai, Pune and others has been influenced from other parts of India and abroad.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, the British cookery writer, published eight books in the 34 years between 1950 and 1984; the last was issued eight years before her death.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ After David's death, her literary executor, Jill Norman, supervised the publication of eight more books, drawing on David's unpublished manuscripts and research and on her published writings for books and magazines.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ David's first five books, particularly the earlier works, contained recipes interspersed with literary quotation and descriptions of people and places that inspired her.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ By the time of her third book, \"Italian Food\", David had begun to add sections about the history of the cuisine and the particular dishes that she wrote about.", "Vikos–Aoös National Park __knowledge__ The Vikos–Aoös National Park ( \"Ethnikós Drymós Víkou–Aóou\") is a national park in the region of Epirus in northwestern Greece.", "Vikos–Aoös National Park __knowledge__ The park, founded in 1973, is one of ten national parks in mainland Greece and is located north of the city of Ioannina in the northern part of the Pindus mountain range.", "Vikos–Aoös National Park __knowledge__ It is named after the two major gorges of the area and encompasses of mountainous terrain, with numerous rivers, lakes, caves, deep canyons, dense coniferous and deciduous forest.", "Vikos–Aoös National Park __knowledge__ The park is part of the Natura 2000 ecological network and one of UNESCO Geoparks and spans an elevation range from .", "Vikos–Aoös National Park __knowledge__ Over 100,000 people visit the park each year and take part in activities including rafting, canoe-kayaking, hiking and mountain biking.", "Vikos Gorge __knowledge__ The Vikos Gorge () is a gorge in the Pindus Mountains of northern Greece.", "Vikos Gorge __knowledge__ It lies on the southern slopes of Mount Tymfi, with a length of about 20 km, depth ranging from 120 to 490 m, and a width ranging from 400 m to only a few meters at its narrowest part.", "Vikos Gorge __knowledge__ Vikos is listed as the deepest gorge in the world by the Guinness Book of Records among others.", "Vikos Gorge __knowledge__ The gorge is found in the core zone of the Vikos–Aoös National Park, in the Zagori region.", "Vikos Gorge __knowledge__ It begins between the villages of Monodendri and Koukouli and ends near the village of Vikos (or Vitsiko).", "Vikos Gorge __knowledge__ The gorge collects the waters of a number of small rivers and leads them into the Voidomatis River which forms in the gorge.", "Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw __knowledge__ Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw (\"A Collection of Dishes\") is a cookbook by Stanisław Czerniecki.", "Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw __knowledge__ First put in print in 1682, it is the earliest cookery book published originally in Polish.", "Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw __knowledge__ Czerniecki wrote it in his capacity as head chef at the court of the house of Lubomirski and dedicated it to Princess Helena Tekla Lubomirska.", "Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw __knowledge__ The book contains more than 300 recipes, divided into three chapters of about 100 recipes each.", "Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw __knowledge__ The chapters are devoted, respectively, to meat, fish and other dishes, and each concludes with a \"master chef's secret\".", "Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw __knowledge__ Czerniecki's cooking style, as is evident in his book, was typical for the luxuriant Polish Baroque cuisine, which still had a largely medieval outlook, but was gradually succumbing to novel culinary ideas coming from France." ] ]

[ 1, 24, 0 ]

[ "I love a nice, cold Dr. Pepper on a hot day!", "I think it's fun that both have very secret, special recipes.", "Ha! Yes, all though at the World of Coca-Cola in Atlanta, GA, they tell you the secret ingredient is -- you!" ]

[ "Dr Pepper", "Dr Pepper", "Dr Pepper" ]

[ "Yoga\nI just tried Yoga for the first time, i found out that i am not flexible at all haha, have you ever tried it?", "I did not know it originated there, i bet it was a long time ago, do you happen to know when people started to do yoga?", "Wow, that is old, was it connected to religion in any way, or just a form of excercise?", "I wonder why they waited for so long before introducing it to the west, was there a reason for it?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga (; Sanskrit, योगः Listen) is a group of physical, mental, and spiritual practices or disciplines which originated in ancient India.", "Yoga __knowledge__ There is a broad variety of yoga schools, practices, and goals in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Among the most well-known types of yoga are Hatha yoga and Rāja yoga.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The origins of yoga have been speculated to date back to pre-Vedic Indian traditions; it is mentioned in the Rigveda, but most likely developed around the sixth and fifth centuries BCE, in ancient India's ascetic and śramaṇa movements.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The chronology of earliest texts describing yoga-practices is unclear, varyingly credited to Hindu Upanishads.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The \"Yoga Sutras of Patanjali\" date from the first half of the 1st millennium CE, but only gained prominence in the West in the 20th century.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Hatha yoga texts emerged around the 11th century with origins in tantra.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga gurus from India later introduced yoga to the West, following the success of Swami Vivekananda in the late 19th and early 20th century.", "Yoga __knowledge__ In the 1980s, yoga became popular as a system of physical exercise across the Western world.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga in Indian traditions, however, is more than physical exercise; it has a meditative and spiritual core.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "Hatha yoga __knowledge__ Hatha yoga is a branch of yoga that emphasizes physical exercises to master the body along with mind as well as exercises to withdraw it from external objects.", "Hatha yoga __knowledge__ The word \"haṭha\" means \"force\" in Sanskrit, and may have this association because the early Indians believed that its practice was challenging and \"forced its results to happen\" on the yogi.", "Hatha yoga __knowledge__ The term \"Hatha yoga\" connotes a system of supplementary physical techniques within the broader concept of Yoga.", "Hatha yoga __knowledge__ The Hatha yoga origins have been credited by some scholars to the Nath yogi tradition of Shaivism, particularly to Gorakhnath.", "Hatha yoga __knowledge__ However, according to James Mallinson, Hatha yoga has more ancient roots and the oldest known twenty texts on Hatha yoga suggest this attribution to the Naths is incorrect.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ Vihangam Yoga is an ancient meditation technique practiced by Indian seers and sages.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ In the current time, it is established by Sadguru Sadafaldeo Ji Maharaj.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ Vihangam Yoga is also known as \"Brahmavidya\", \"Madhu-vidya\", \"Para Vidhya\" in the Indian ancient most scriptures and Vedas.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ \"\"Vihangam\"\" literally means \"bird\".", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ Just as a bird leaves its base on the earth to fly high in the sky, so does \"Vihangam Yoga\" enable the human Soul (Atma) to cut off its moorings in the Prakriti (phenomenal world) and realize its true and free nature.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ This knowledge is emerged from Brahma so it is also named as Brahma Vidya and who ever has gained this knowledge by practising it called Brahma Rishi.", "Yoga Sutras of Patanjali __knowledge__ The Yoga Sūtras of Patañjali are 196 Indian sutras (aphorisms).", "Yoga Sutras of Patanjali __knowledge__ The \"Yoga Sutras\" were compiled prior to 400 CE by Sage Patanjali, taking materials about yoga from older traditions.", "Yoga Sutras of Patanjali __knowledge__ The \"Yoga Sūtras of Patañjali\" was the most translated ancient Indian text in the medieval era, having been translated into about forty Indian languages and two non-Indian languages: Old Javanese and Arabic.", "Yoga Sutras of Patanjali __knowledge__ The text fell into obscurity for nearly 700 years from the 12th to 19th century, and made a comeback in late 19th century due to the efforts of Swami Vivekananda, the Theosophical Society and others.", "Yoga Sutras of Patanjali __knowledge__ It gained prominence again as a comeback classic in the 20th century.", "Baba Hari Dass __knowledge__ Baba Hari Dass (Devanagari: बाबा हरि दास); born 26 March 1923 in Almora near Nainital, Uttar Pradesh, now Uttarakhand, India, is a yoga master, a silent monk, and a commentator of Indian scriptural tradition of Dharma and Moksha.", "Baba Hari Dass __knowledge__ He was classically trained in Ashtanga Yoga – Raja Yoga of Patanjali (the Yoga of Eight Limbs), as well as Kriya Yoga, Ayurveda, Samkhya, Tantra Yoga, Vedanta, and Sanskrit.", "Baba Hari Dass __knowledge__ Born into the 13th generation of a Kumaoni Karnatak Brahmin family, in the lunar month of Chaitra, in Shukla Paksha (Rama Navami), he is also an author, playwright, martial arts teacher, sculptor and builder of temples.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ The following is list of characters the appear in the cartoon series, \"Generator Rex\".", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Ricardo \"Rex\" Salazar is a young human-looking E.V.O, but unlike other E.V.O.s, Rex has the ability to control his nanites at will, allowing him to cure other E.V.O.s of their mutations and use his nanites to create a variety of machines on his body and communicate with a variety of machines.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Rex is overconfident, impulsive, and typically, rebellious.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He has a quick wit and is constantly making jokes.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ However, when Rex needs to defend himself, he doesn't hold back.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He prefers to smash anything that gets in his way." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga (; Sanskrit, योगः Listen) is a group of physical, mental, and spiritual practices or disciplines which originated in ancient India.", "Yoga __knowledge__ There is a broad variety of yoga schools, practices, and goals in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Among the most well-known types of yoga are Hatha yoga and Rāja yoga.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The origins of yoga have been speculated to date back to pre-Vedic Indian traditions; it is mentioned in the Rigveda, but most likely developed around the sixth and fifth centuries BCE, in ancient India's ascetic and śramaṇa movements.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The chronology of earliest texts describing yoga-practices is unclear, varyingly credited to Hindu Upanishads.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The \"Yoga Sutras of Patanjali\" date from the first half of the 1st millennium CE, but only gained prominence in the West in the 20th century.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Hatha yoga texts emerged around the 11th century with origins in tantra.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga gurus from India later introduced yoga to the West, following the success of Swami Vivekananda in the late 19th and early 20th century.", "Yoga __knowledge__ In the 1980s, yoga became popular as a system of physical exercise across the Western world.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga in Indian traditions, however, is more than physical exercise; it has a meditative and spiritual core.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ Vihangam Yoga is an ancient meditation technique practiced by Indian seers and sages.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ In the current time, it is established by Sadguru Sadafaldeo Ji Maharaj.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ Vihangam Yoga is also known as \"Brahmavidya\", \"Madhu-vidya\", \"Para Vidhya\" in the Indian ancient most scriptures and Vedas.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ \"\"Vihangam\"\" literally means \"bird\".", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ Just as a bird leaves its base on the earth to fly high in the sky, so does \"Vihangam Yoga\" enable the human Soul (Atma) to cut off its moorings in the Prakriti (phenomenal world) and realize its true and free nature.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ This knowledge is emerged from Brahma so it is also named as Brahma Vidya and who ever has gained this knowledge by practising it called Brahma Rishi.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ This article is about placeholder names in various languages.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ In Afrikaans, \"dinges\" ('thing'), \"goeters\" ('things'), \"watsenaam\" ('what's its name') are common placeholders.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A common placeholder name for a semi-mythological place - much the same as Timbuktu - is \"Pofadder\" (a real town).", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A general term for a far away, remote/rural environment is \"Boendoe\".", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ \"Van die jaar toet\" (from the year \"tut\") is often used to indicate an unspecified, long time ago.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ Arabic uses \"Fulan\", \"Fulana[h]\" (فلان / فلانة) and when a last name is needed it becomes \"Fulan AlFulani\", \"Fulana[h] AlFulaniyya[h]\" (فلان الفلاني / فلانة الفلانية).", "Baba Hari Dass __knowledge__ Baba Hari Dass (Devanagari: बाबा हरि दास); born 26 March 1923 in Almora near Nainital, Uttar Pradesh, now Uttarakhand, India, is a yoga master, a silent monk, and a commentator of Indian scriptural tradition of Dharma and Moksha.", "Baba Hari Dass __knowledge__ He was classically trained in Ashtanga Yoga – Raja Yoga of Patanjali (the Yoga of Eight Limbs), as well as Kriya Yoga, Ayurveda, Samkhya, Tantra Yoga, Vedanta, and Sanskrit.", "Baba Hari Dass __knowledge__ Born into the 13th generation of a Kumaoni Karnatak Brahmin family, in the lunar month of Chaitra, in Shukla Paksha (Rama Navami), he is also an author, playwright, martial arts teacher, sculptor and builder of temples.", "Raja yoga (Hindu astrology) __knowledge__ Raja yogas are \"Shubha\" ('auspicious') \"yogas\" that give success and a grand rise in career or business, and a greater degree of financial prosperity particularly during the \"dasha\" of the planets that give rise to \"Raja yogas\".", "Raja yoga (Hindu astrology) __knowledge__ However, these results get adversely modified by the presence of other \"Ashubha\" ('inauspicious') \"Arista yogas\".", "Raja yoga (Hindu astrology) __knowledge__ Basically, the Yoga or Raja yoga-causing planets during the course of their respective dashas confer their most auspicious results if they happen to own the lagna-bhava (the Ascendant) or the Suta-bhava (the 5th house) or the Bhagyasthana (the 9th house); the person remains healthy, wealthy, happy and successful enjoying yoga and Raja yoga results in case the lagna, the 3rd, the 6th, the 8th, the 9th and the 12th houses counted from the lagna are also not occupied by any planet, and the kendras (quadrants) are occupied only by benefic planets.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Long Long Time Ago 2 (; literally \"Our Story 2\") is a 2016 Singaporean period film directed by Jack Neo, the second of a two-part series and the sequel to \"Long Long Time Ago\".", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Continuing from \"Long Long Time Ago\", Zhao Di takes over her family farm with the help of Ah Long after the 1969 floods.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ After the government started reclaiming land for development in 1977, licensed owners like Zhao Di are compensated but her brother accuses her of having an affair with Ah Long to get the money for himself.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Osman does not approve his son playing in a rock band as he fears the negative influence, causing his son to run away from home.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Hip Hip Hurray (TV series) __knowledge__ Hip Hip Hurray is an Indian television series created and directed by Nupur Asthana that first aired on Zee TV channel from 21 August 1998 to 25 May 2001.", "Hip Hip Hurray (TV series) __knowledge__ The story is based on the lives of 12th grade students at the DeNobili High School and their adventures, their fears and hopes, and their relationships and interactions.", "Hip Hip Hurray (TV series) __knowledge__ Besides that, the story also focuses on issues pertinent for the younger generation such as dating, drugs, careers, health, exams, and causes, in a light-hearted manner.", "Hip Hip Hurray (TV series) __knowledge__ The first season of the series more focused on the stars where they were in school flitting through life with joys and sorrows of life as students.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga (; Sanskrit, योगः Listen) is a group of physical, mental, and spiritual practices or disciplines which originated in ancient India.", "Yoga __knowledge__ There is a broad variety of yoga schools, practices, and goals in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Among the most well-known types of yoga are Hatha yoga and Rāja yoga.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The origins of yoga have been speculated to date back to pre-Vedic Indian traditions; it is mentioned in the Rigveda, but most likely developed around the sixth and fifth centuries BCE, in ancient India's ascetic and śramaṇa movements.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The chronology of earliest texts describing yoga-practices is unclear, varyingly credited to Hindu Upanishads.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The \"Yoga Sutras of Patanjali\" date from the first half of the 1st millennium CE, but only gained prominence in the West in the 20th century.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Hatha yoga texts emerged around the 11th century with origins in tantra.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga gurus from India later introduced yoga to the West, following the success of Swami Vivekananda in the late 19th and early 20th century.", "Yoga __knowledge__ In the 1980s, yoga became popular as a system of physical exercise across the Western world.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga in Indian traditions, however, is more than physical exercise; it has a meditative and spiritual core.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The conservative Women for the Wall, sometimes abbreviated as W4W, is a grassroots organization founded in April 2013, concerned with preserving Jewish tradition at the Western Wall, also known as the Kotel.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The catalyst for the founding of Women for the Wall was lack of representation for the stand of traditional Jewish women in the controversy surrounding an alternative prayer group known as Women of the Wall (WoW).", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ In the months leading to the establishment of W4W, Women of the Wall demanded to hold their services in the traditional women's section, rather than the Robinson's Arch area of the Kotel, where alternative prayer services are held.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "History of India __knowledge__ The history of India includes the prehistoric settlements and societies in the Indian subcontinent; the advancement of civilisation from the Indus Valley Civilisation to the eventual blending of the Indo-Aryan culture to form the Vedic Civilisation; the rise of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism; the onset of a succession of powerful dynasties and empires for more than three millennia throughout various geographic areas of the subcontinent, including the growth of Muslim dominions during the Medieval period intertwined with Hindu powers; the advent of European traders and privateers, resulting in the establishment of British India; and the subsequent independence movement that led to the Partition of India and the creation of the Republic of India.", "History of the world __knowledge__ The history of the world is the history of humanity (or human history), as determined from archaeology, anthropology, genetics, linguistics, and other disciplines; and, for periods since the invention of writing, from recorded history and from secondary sources and studies.", "History of the world __knowledge__ Humanity's written history was preceded by its prehistory, beginning with the Palaeolithic Era (\"Early Stone Age\"), followed by the Neolithic Era (\"New Stone Age\").", "History of the world __knowledge__ The Neolithic saw the Agricultural Revolution begin, between 8000 and 5000 BCE, in the Near East's Fertile Crescent.", "History of the world __knowledge__ The Agricultural Revolution marked a fundamental change in history, with humans beginning the systematic husbandry of plants and animals.", "Brahmi script __knowledge__ Brahmi (IAST: ) is the modern name given to one of the oldest writing systems used in Ancient India and present South and Central Asia from the 1st millennium BCE.", "Brahmi script __knowledge__ Brahmi is an abugida that thrived in the Indian subcontinent and uses a system of diacritical marks to associate vowels with consonant symbols.", "Brahmi script __knowledge__ It evolved into a host of other scripts that continue in use.", "Brahmi script __knowledge__ Brahmi is related to the ancient Kharoṣṭhī script, which was used in what is now eastern Afghanistan and Pakistan.", "Brahmi script __knowledge__ Kharoṣṭhī died out in ancient times.", "Brahmi script __knowledge__ The best-known Brahmi inscriptions are the rock-cut edicts of Ashoka in north-central India, dating to 250–232 BCE.", "Mahajanapada __knowledge__ A Mahājanapada (, from \"maha\", \"great\", and \"janapada\" \"foothold of a tribe\", \"country\") was one of the sixteen kingdoms or oligarchic republics that existed in ancient India from the sixth to fourth centuries BCE.", "Mahajanapada __knowledge__ Two of them were most probably 'ganas' or republics — and others had forms of monarchy.", "Mahajanapada __knowledge__ Ancient Buddhist texts like the \"Anguttara Nikaya\" make frequent reference to sixteen great kingdoms and republics which had evolved and flourished in a belt stretching from Gandhara in the northwest to Anga in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent and included parts of the trans-Vindhyan region, prior to the rise of Buddhism in India.", "Indo-European migrations __knowledge__ Indo-European migrations were the migrations of pastoral peoples speaking Proto-Indo-European language, who departed from the Yamnaya and related cultures in the Pontic–Caspian steppe, starting at .", "Indo-European migrations __knowledge__ They spread throughout Europe and Asia, forming new cultures with the people they met on their way, including the Corded Ware culture in Northern Europe and the Vedic culture in India.", "Indo-European migrations __knowledge__ Modern knowledge of these migrations is based on data from linguistics, archaeology, anthropology and genetics.", "Indo-European migrations __knowledge__ Linguistics describes the similarities between various languages, and the linguistic laws at play in the changes in those languages.", "Linguistic history of the Indian subcontinent __knowledge__ The languages of the Indian subcontinent are divided into various language families, of which the Indo-Iranian and the Dravidian languages are the most widely spoken.", "Linguistic history of the Indian subcontinent __knowledge__ There are also many languages belonging to unrelated language families such as Sino-Tibetan, spoken by smaller groups.", "Linguistic history of the Indian subcontinent __knowledge__ Linguistic records begin with the appearance of the Brāhmī script from about the 3rd century BCE.", "Linguistic history of the Indian subcontinent __knowledge__ Proto-Indo-Aryan is a proto-language hypothesized to have been the direct ancestor of all Indo-Aryan languages.", "Linguistic history of the Indian subcontinent __knowledge__ It would have had similarities to Proto-Indo-Iranian, but would ultimately have used Sanskritized phonemes and morphemes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga (; Sanskrit, योगः Listen) is a group of physical, mental, and spiritual practices or disciplines which originated in ancient India.", "Yoga __knowledge__ There is a broad variety of yoga schools, practices, and goals in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Among the most well-known types of yoga are Hatha yoga and Rāja yoga.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The origins of yoga have been speculated to date back to pre-Vedic Indian traditions; it is mentioned in the Rigveda, but most likely developed around the sixth and fifth centuries BCE, in ancient India's ascetic and śramaṇa movements.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The chronology of earliest texts describing yoga-practices is unclear, varyingly credited to Hindu Upanishads.", "Yoga __knowledge__ The \"Yoga Sutras of Patanjali\" date from the first half of the 1st millennium CE, but only gained prominence in the West in the 20th century.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Hatha yoga texts emerged around the 11th century with origins in tantra.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga gurus from India later introduced yoga to the West, following the success of Swami Vivekananda in the late 19th and early 20th century.", "Yoga __knowledge__ In the 1980s, yoga became popular as a system of physical exercise across the Western world.", "Yoga __knowledge__ Yoga in Indian traditions, however, is more than physical exercise; it has a meditative and spiritual core.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "Cheetah (comics) __knowledge__ The Cheetah is a fictional character, created by William Moulton Marston, and appearing in DC Comics publications and related media, commonly as a major adversary of the superhero Wonder Woman.", "Cheetah (comics) __knowledge__ Like many of the other villains created by William Moulton Marston, Cheetah was created as another allegory for emotionally misaligned people who needed emotional re-education by a love leader (Wonder Woman).", "Cheetah (comics) __knowledge__ There have been four different incarnations of the Cheetah since the character's debut: Priscilla Rich (the Golden and Silver Age Cheetah), Deborah Domaine (the Bronze Age Cheetah), Barbara Ann Minerva (the post-Crisis and current Cheetah), and Sebastian Ballesteros (a male usurper who briefly assumed the role in 2001).", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ This article is about the history of the fictional DC Comics' character Wonder Woman, who was introduced in \"All Star Comics\" #8 (December 1941), then appearing in \"Sensation Comics\" #1 (January 1942), Six months later appeared in her own comic book series (Summer 1942).", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Since her debut, five regular series of \"Wonder Woman\" have been published, the last launched in June 2016 as part of the DC Rebirth.", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman was introduced in \"All Star Comics\" #8 (December 1941), during the era known to comics historians as the \"Golden Age of Comic Books\".", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Following this debut, she was featured in \"Sensation Comics\" #1 (January 1942), and six months later appeared in her own comic book series (Summer 1942).", "Wonder Stories __knowledge__ Wonder Stories was an early American science fiction magazine which was published under several titles from 1929 to 1955.", "Wonder Stories __knowledge__ It was founded by Hugo Gernsback in 1929 after he had lost control of his first science fiction magazine, \"Amazing Stories\", when his media company Experimenter Publishing went bankrupt.", "Wonder Stories __knowledge__ Within a few months of the bankruptcy, Gernsback launched three new magazines: \"Air Wonder Stories\", \"Science Wonder Stories\" and \"Science Wonder Quarterly\".", "Wonder Stories __knowledge__ \"Air Wonder Stories\" and \"Science Wonder Stories\" were merged in 1930 as \"Wonder Stories\", and the quarterly was renamed \"Wonder Stories Quarterly\".", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Stevland Hardaway Morris (born Stevland Hardaway Judkins; May 13, 1950), known by his stage name Stevie Wonder, is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, and multi-instrumentalist.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ A child prodigy, he is considered to be one of the most critically and commercially successful musical performers of the late 20th century.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Wonder signed with Motown's Tamla label at the age of 11, and he continued performing and recording for Motown into the 2010s.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ He has been blind since shortly after birth.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Among Wonder's works are singles such as \"Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours\", \"Superstition\", \"Sir Duke\", \"You Are the Sunshine of My Life\" and \"I Just Called to Say I Love You\"; and albums such as \"Talking Book\", \"Innervisions\" and \"Songs in the Key of Life\".", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Science fiction and fantasy magazines began to be published in the US in the 1920s.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Stories with science fiction themes had been appearing for decades in pulp magazines such as \"Argosy\", but there were no magazines that specialized in a single genre until 1915, when Street & Smith, one of the major pulp publishers, brought out \"Detective Story Magazine\".", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ The first magazine to focus solely on fantasy and horror was \"Weird Tales\", which was launched in 1923, and established itself as the leading weird fiction magazine over the next two decades; writers such as H.P.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Lovecraft, Clark Ashton Smith and Robert E. Howard became regular contributors.", "Wonder Man __knowledge__ Wonder Man (Simon Williams) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Wonder Man __knowledge__ Created by writer Stan Lee and artists Don Heck and Jack Kirby, he first appeared in \"The Avengers\" #9 (October 1964).", "Wonder Man __knowledge__ The character was initially introduced as a rival to Tony Stark and after being imbued with \"ionic\" energy, became a supervillain who fought the Avengers.", "Wonder Man __knowledge__ After a series of events, Simon Williams was reborn as a superhero joining the team he originally fought against.", "Wonder Man __knowledge__ In 2012, Wonder Man was ranked 38th in IGN's list of \"The Top 50 Avengers\".", "Wonder Man __knowledge__ Wonder Man debuted in the superhero-team title \"The Avengers\" #9 (cover-dated Oct. 1964), but appeared to die in that issue.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Hinduism is an Indian Dharma, or a way of life, widely practiced in South Asia.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world, and some practitioners and scholars refer to it as \"\", \"the eternal tradition,\" or the \"eternal way,\" beyond human history.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Scholars regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no founder.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ This \"Hindu synthesis\" started to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE, following the Vedic period (1500 BCE to 500 BCE).", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Although Hinduism contains a broad range of philosophies, it is linked by shared concepts, recognisable rituals, cosmology, shared textual resources, and pilgrimage to sacred sites.", "Indian religions __knowledge__ Indian religions, sometimes also termed as Dharmic faiths or religions, are the religions that originated in the Indian subcontinent; namely Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism.", "Indian religions __knowledge__ These religions are also all classified as Eastern religions.", "Indian religions __knowledge__ Although Indian religions are connected through the history of India, they constitute a wide range of religious communities, and are not confined to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian religions __knowledge__ Evidence attesting to prehistoric religion in the Indian subcontinent derives from scattered Mesolithic rock paintings.", "Indian religions __knowledge__ The Harappan people of the Indus Valley Civilisation, which lasted from 3300 to 1300 BCE (mature period, 2600–1900 BCE), had an early urbanized culture which predates the Vedic religion.", "Jainism __knowledge__ Jainism (), traditionally known as Jain Dharma, is an ancient Indian religion.", "Jainism __knowledge__ Followers of Jainism are called \"Jains\", a word derived from the Sanskrit word \"jina\" (victor) and connoting the path of victory in crossing over life's stream of rebirths through an ethical and spiritual life.", "Jainism __knowledge__ Jains trace their history through a succession of twenty-four victorious saviors and teachers known as Tirthankaras, with the first being Rishabhanatha, who is believed to have lived millions of years ago, and twenty-fourth being the Mahavira around 500 BCE.", "Jainism __knowledge__ Jains believe that Jainism is an eternal \"dharma\" with the Tirthankaras guiding every cycle of the Jain cosmology.", "Shaivism __knowledge__ Shaivism (Śaivam) is one of the major traditions within Hinduism that reveres Shiva as the Supreme Being or its metaphysical concept of Brahman.", "Shaivism __knowledge__ The followers of Shaivism are called \"Shaivites\" or \"Saivites\".", "Shaivism __knowledge__ Like much of Hinduism, the Shaiva have many sub-traditions, ranging from devotional dualistic theism such as Shaiva Siddhanta to yoga-oriented monistic non-theism such as Kashmiri Shaivism.", "Shaivism __knowledge__ It considers both the Vedas and the Agama texts as important sources of theology.", "Shaivism __knowledge__ Shaivism has ancient roots, traceable in the Vedic literature of 2nd millennium BCE, but this is in the form of the Vedic deity Rudra.", "Meditation __knowledge__ Meditation can be defined as a practice where an individual focuses his or her mind on a particular object, thought or activity to achieve a mentally clear and emotionally calm state.", "Meditation __knowledge__ Meditation may be used to reduce stress, anxiety, depression, and pain.", "Meditation __knowledge__ It may be done while sitting, repeating a mantra, and closing the eyes in a quiet environment.", "Meditation __knowledge__ Meditation has been practiced since antiquity in numerous religious traditions and beliefs.", "Meditation __knowledge__ Since the 19th century, it has spread from its Asian origins to Western cultures where it is commonly practiced in private and business life.", "Meditation __knowledge__ Meditation is under psychological, neurological, and cardiovascular research to define its possible health effects.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ History of Hinduism denotes a wide variety of related Hindu denominations native to the Indian Subcontinent, most of whom live in modern-day India, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ Adherents are also found in the Indonesian island of Bali.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ Its history overlaps or coincides with the development of Indian religions since Iron Age India.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ It has thus been called the \"oldest living religion\" in the world.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ Scholars regard Hinduism as a synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no single founder or source.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ The history of Hinduism is often divided into periods of development, with the first period being that of the historical Vedic religion dated from about 1900 BCE to 1400 BCE." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 2, 10 ]

[ "No, and don't intend to - I can hurt myself in so many ways without it. That said, I should like it as it apparently originated in India, which is where my uncle comes from.", "There's a lot of speculation as to its origins, but it's thought it developed around the 6th and 5th centuries BCE in ancient India.", "It was, and probably still is, practiced in Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism. Yoga gurus from India introduced it to the West in the late 19th century.", "Don't know. It could be because yoga in India is more than just physical exercise, with a meditative and spiritual side to it. In the West it seems to be used mainly for exercise." ]

[ "Yoga", "Yoga", "Yoga", "Yoga" ]

[ "Red wine\nI love to drink red wine straight from the box.", "We always just put ours in mason jars with ice cubes. We call it \"grown up koolaid\".", "I never knew that, I always thought it was because the grapes were purple. ", "I can see how that would happen. Bitter wine doesn't bother me though haha." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red wine __knowledge__ Red wine is a type of wine made from dark-colored (black) grape varieties.", "Red wine __knowledge__ The actual color of the wine can range from intense violet, typical of young wines, through to brick red for mature wines and brown for older red wines.", "Red wine __knowledge__ The juice from most purple grapes is greenish-white; the red color comes from anthocyan pigments (also called anthocyanins) present in the skin of the grape; exceptions are the relatively uncommon teinturier varieties, which produce a red colored juice.", "Red wine __knowledge__ Much of the red-wine production process therefore involves extraction of color and flavor components from the grape skin.", "Red wine __knowledge__ The first step in red wine production, after picking, involves physical processing of the grapes.", "Red wine __knowledge__ Hand-picked or machine-harvested grapes are usually tipped into a receival bin when they arrive at the winery and conveyed by a screw mechanism to the grape-processing equipment.", "Red wine __knowledge__ On arrival at the winery there is usually a mixture of individual berries, whole bunches (particularly with hand-picked grapes), stems, and leaves.", "Red wine __knowledge__ The presence of stems during fermentation can lead to a bitter taste in the wine, and the purpose of destemming is to separate grapes from the stems and leaves.", "Red wine __knowledge__ Mechanical de-stemmers usually consist of a rotating cage perforated with grape-sized holes.", "White wine __knowledge__ White wine is a wine whose colour can be straw-yellow, yellow-green, or yellow-gold.", "White wine __knowledge__ It is produced by the alcoholic fermentation of the non-coloured pulp of grapes, which may have a skin of any colour.", "White wine __knowledge__ White wine has existed for at least 2500 years.", "White wine __knowledge__ The wide variety of white wines comes from the large number of varieties, methods of winemaking, and ratios of residual sugar.", "White wine __knowledge__ White wine is mainly from \"white\" grapes, which are green or yellow in colour, such as the Chardonnay, Sauvignon, and Riesling.", "White wine __knowledge__ Some white wine is also made from grapes with coloured skin, provided that the obtained wort is not stained.", "Wine __knowledge__ Wine (from Latin \"vinum\") is an alcoholic beverage made from grapes, generally \"Vitis vinifera\", fermented without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes, water, or other nutrients.", "Wine __knowledge__ Yeast consumes the sugar in the grapes and converts it to ethanol and carbon dioxide.", "Wine __knowledge__ Different varieties of grapes and strains of yeasts produce different styles of wine.", "Wine __knowledge__ These variations result from the complex interactions between the biochemical development of the grape, the reactions involved in fermentation, the terroir, and the production process.", "Wine __knowledge__ Many countries enact legal appellations intended to define styles and qualities of wine.", "Wine in China __knowledge__ Wine (Chinese: \"pútáojiǔ\"  \"grape alcohol\") has a long history in China.", "Wine in China __knowledge__ Although long overshadowed by \"huangjiu\" (sometimes translated as \"yellow wine\") and the much stronger distilled spirit \"baijiu\", wine consumption has grown dramatically since the economic reforms of the 1980s.", "Wine in China __knowledge__ China is now numbered among the top ten global markets for wine.", "Wine in China __knowledge__ Ties with French producers are especially strong, and Ningxia wines have received international recognition.", "Wine in China __knowledge__ The history of Chinese grape wine has been confirmed and proven to date back 9,000 years (7000 BC), including the \"earliest attested use\" of wild grapes in wine as well as \"earliest chemically confirmed alcoholic beverage in the world\", according to Adjunct Professor of Anthropology Patrick McGovern, the Scientific Director of the Biomolecular Archaeology Project for Cuisine, Fermented Beverages, and Health at the University of Pennsylvania Museum in Philadelphia.", "Mulled wine __knowledge__ Mulled wine is a beverage usually made with red wine along with various mulling spices and sometimes raisins.", "Mulled wine __knowledge__ It is served hot or warm and is alcoholic, although there are non-alcoholic versions of mulled wine.", "Mulled wine __knowledge__ It is a traditional drink during winter, especially around Christmas.", "Mulled wine __knowledge__ Wine was first recorded as spiced and heated in Rome during the 2nd century.", "Mulled wine __knowledge__ The Romans travelled across Europe, conquering much of it and trading with the rest.", "Mulled wine __knowledge__ The legions brought wine and viticulture with them up to the Rhine and Danube rivers and to the Scottish border, along with their recipes.", "Mulled wine __knowledge__ The Forme of Cury, a medieval English cookery book from 1390, which mentioned mulled wine, says: \"Pur fait Ypocras …\" grinding together cinnamon, ginger, galangal, cloves, long pepper, nutmeg, marjoram, cardamom and grains of paradise (\"spykenard de Spayn\", rosemary may be substituted).", "Rosé __knowledge__ A rosé (from French \"rosé\"; also known as \"rosado\" in Portugal and Spanish-speaking countries and \"rosato\" in Italy) is a type of wine that incorporates some of the color from the grape skins, but not enough to qualify it as a red wine.", "Rosé __knowledge__ It may be the oldest known type of wine, as it is the most straightforward to make with the skin contact method.", "Rosé __knowledge__ The pink color can range from a pale \"onion-skin\" orange to a vivid near-purple, depending on the varietals used and winemaking techniques.", "Rosé __knowledge__ There are three major ways to produce rosé wine: skin contact, saignée, and blending.", "Rosé __knowledge__ Rosé wines can be made still, semi-sparkling or sparkling and with a wide range of sweetness levels from highly dry Provençal rosé to sweet White Zinfandels and blushes.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ The health effects of wine are mainly determined by its active ingredient alcohol.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ Some studies found that drinking small quantities of alcohol (up to one standard drink per day for women and one to two drinks per day for men) is associated with a decreased risk of heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and early death.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ However, other studies found no such effect.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ Drinking more than the standard drink amount increases the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, stroke and cancer.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ Mixed results are also observed in light drinking and cancer mortality.", "Phenolic content in wine __knowledge__ The phenolic content in wine refers to the phenolic compounds—natural phenol and polyphenols—in wine, which include a large group of several hundred chemical compounds that affect the taste, color and mouthfeel of wine.", "Phenolic content in wine __knowledge__ These compounds include phenolic acids, stilbenoids, flavonols, dihydroflavonols, anthocyanins, flavanol monomers (catechins) and flavanol polymers (proanthocyanidins).", "Phenolic content in wine __knowledge__ This large group of natural phenols can be broadly separated into two categories, flavonoids and non-flavonoids.", "Phenolic content in wine __knowledge__ Flavonoids include the anthocyanins and tannins which contribute to the color and mouthfeel of the wine." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red wine __knowledge__ Red wine is a type of wine made from dark-colored (black) grape varieties.", "Red wine __knowledge__ The actual color of the wine can range from intense violet, typical of young wines, through to brick red for mature wines and brown for older red wines.", "Red wine __knowledge__ The juice from most purple grapes is greenish-white; the red color comes from anthocyan pigments (also called anthocyanins) present in the skin of the grape; exceptions are the relatively uncommon teinturier varieties, which produce a red colored juice.", "Red wine __knowledge__ Much of the red-wine production process therefore involves extraction of color and flavor components from the grape skin.", "Red wine __knowledge__ The first step in red wine production, after picking, involves physical processing of the grapes.", "Red wine __knowledge__ Hand-picked or machine-harvested grapes are usually tipped into a receival bin when they arrive at the winery and conveyed by a screw mechanism to the grape-processing equipment.", "Red wine __knowledge__ On arrival at the winery there is usually a mixture of individual berries, whole bunches (particularly with hand-picked grapes), stems, and leaves.", "Red wine __knowledge__ The presence of stems during fermentation can lead to a bitter taste in the wine, and the purpose of destemming is to separate grapes from the stems and leaves.", "Red wine __knowledge__ Mechanical de-stemmers usually consist of a rotating cage perforated with grape-sized holes.", "Mason jar __knowledge__ A Mason jar, named after John Landis Mason who first invented and patented it in 1858, is a molded glass jar used in home canning to preserve food.", "Mason jar __knowledge__ The jar's mouth has a screw thread on its outer perimeter to accept a metal ring (or \"band\").", "Mason jar __knowledge__ The band, when screwed down, presses a separate stamped tin-plated steel disc-shaped lid against the jar's rim.", "Mason jar __knowledge__ An integral rubber ring on the underside of the lid creates a hermetic seal.", "Mason jar __knowledge__ The bands and lids usually come with new jars, but they are also sold separately.", "Mason jar __knowledge__ While the bands are reusable, the lids are intended for single use when canning.", "Mason jar __knowledge__ Largely supplanted by other products and methods for commercial canning, such as tin cans and plastic containers, glass jars and metal lids are still commonly used in home canning.", "Ice cube __knowledge__ An ice cube is a small, roughly cube-shaped piece of ice (frozen water), conventionally used to cool beverages.", "Ice cube __knowledge__ American physician and humanitarian Doctor John Gorrie built a refrigerator in 1844 with the purpose of cooling air.", "Ice cube __knowledge__ His refrigerator produced ice which he hung from the ceiling in a basin.", "Ice cube __knowledge__ Gorrie can be considered the creator of ice cubes, but his aim was not to cool drinks: he used the ice to lower the ambient room temperature.", "Ice cube __knowledge__ During his time, a dominant idea was that bad air quality caused disease.", "Ice cube __knowledge__ Therefore, in order to help treat sickness, he pushed for the draining of swamps and the cooling of sickrooms.", "Icemaker __knowledge__ An icemaker, ice generator, or ice machine may refer to either a consumer device for making ice, found inside a home freezer; a stand-alone appliance for making ice, or an industrial machine for making ice on a large scale.", "Icemaker __knowledge__ The term \"ice machine\" usually refers to the stand-alone appliance.", "Icemaker __knowledge__ The \"ice generator\" is the part of the ice machine that actually produces the ice.", "Icemaker __knowledge__ This would include the evaporator and any associated drives/controls/subframe that are directly involved with making and ejecting the ice into storage.", "Icemaker __knowledge__ When most people refer to an ice generator, they mean this ice-making subsystem alone, minus refrigeration.", "Home canning __knowledge__ Home canning or bottling, also known colloquially as putting up or processing, is the process of preserving foods, in particular, fruits, vegetables, and meats, by packing them into glass jars and then heating the jars to kill the organisms that would create spoilage.", "Home canning __knowledge__ While it is possible to safely preserve many kinds of foodstuffs, home canning can expose consumers to botulism and other kinds of food poisoning if done incorrectly.", "Home canning __knowledge__ The most common source of food-borne botulism is home-canned foods prepared in an unsafe manner.", "Home canning __knowledge__ Safety measures must be taken when performing home canning, since ingestion of toxin in food produced by \"Clostridium botulinum\" can cause death.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ Coffee drinks are made by brewing hot water (or much less commonly, cold water) with ground coffee beans.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ The brewing is either done slowly by drip or filter, French press or \"cafetière\", percolator, etc., or done very quickly under pressure by an espresso machine, where the coffee is termed \"espresso\"—slow-brewed coffees are generally regarded simply as \"coffee\".", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ All coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, in different strengths; some drinks have milk or cream added, some use steamed milk, cream, plant based milk, or foamed milk, some have flavorings or sweeteners, some have alcoholic liqueurs added, some are combinations of coffee with espresso or tea.", "DJ Bobcat __knowledge__ Bobby “Bobcat” Ervin (born December 13, 1967), professionally known as Bobcat or DJ Bobcat, is a Grammy Award winner and multi-platinum Producer, songwriter, DJ, artist and music executive.", "DJ Bobcat __knowledge__ He has worked with musicians such as Clive Davis, Russell Simmons, Rick Rubin, Lyor Cohen, Steve Rifkind, Madonna, Guy Oseary, Jermaine Dupri and has written and produced Songs for artists such as: LL Cool J, Ice Cube, Mack 10, Tupac, Mc Ren, Sir Mix A Lot, K9 Posse, Breeze, Nas, King T, Kam, Candyman, YoYo Recording Artists and countless Record Labels.", "DJ Bobcat __knowledge__ Also artist such as Jagged Edge, Bow Wow, Usher, Kid Rock and Master P. Ever since the early 80’s Bobcat has been involved in Hip Hop, beginning in Los Angeles with West Coast icons and pioneers Uncle Jamms Army DJaying and promoting large dances and concerts with over 15,000 people at the Los Angeles Sports Arena for Run–D.M.C., Whodini, Ice-T, Kurtis Blow and many more, establishing the very beginning of the Hip Hop scene on the West Coast.", "John Landis Mason __knowledge__ John Landis Mason (1832 in Vineland, New Jersey – February 26, 1902), was an American tinsmith and the patentee of the metal screw-on lid for fruit jars that have come to be known as Mason jars.", "John Landis Mason __knowledge__ Many such jars were printed with the line \"Mason's Patent Nov 30th 1858\".", "John Landis Mason __knowledge__ He also invented the first screw top salt shaker in 1858.", "John Landis Mason __knowledge__ In 1858, Mason invented a square-shouldered jar with threaded screw-top, matching lid, and rubber ring for an airtight seal – the Mason jar.", "John Landis Mason __knowledge__ Until the 1830s, long before refrigeration and hothouse gardens, many fruits and vegetables had been available only seasonally, but the recent development of jars had made canning a practical alternative to drying, pickling, or smoking to preserve food.", "Phenolic content in wine __knowledge__ The phenolic content in wine refers to the phenolic compounds—natural phenol and polyphenols—in wine, which include a large group of several hundred chemical compounds that affect the taste, color and mouthfeel of wine.", "Phenolic content in wine __knowledge__ These compounds include phenolic acids, stilbenoids, flavonols, dihydroflavonols, anthocyanins, flavanol monomers (catechins) and flavanol polymers (proanthocyanidins).", "Phenolic content in wine __knowledge__ This large group of natural phenols can be broadly separated into two categories, flavonoids and non-flavonoids.", "Phenolic content in wine __knowledge__ Flavonoids include the anthocyanins and tannins which contribute to the color and mouthfeel of the wine.", "Wine __knowledge__ Wine (from Latin \"vinum\") is an alcoholic beverage made from grapes, generally \"Vitis vinifera\", fermented without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes, water, or other nutrients.", "Wine __knowledge__ Yeast consumes the sugar in the grapes and converts it to ethanol and carbon dioxide.", "Wine __knowledge__ Different varieties of grapes and strains of yeasts produce different styles of wine.", "Wine __knowledge__ These variations result from the complex interactions between the biochemical development of the grape, the reactions involved in fermentation, the terroir, and the production process.", "Wine __knowledge__ Many countries enact legal appellations intended to define styles and qualities of wine.", "Rosé __knowledge__ A rosé (from French \"rosé\"; also known as \"rosado\" in Portugal and Spanish-speaking countries and \"rosato\" in Italy) is a type of wine that incorporates some of the color from the grape skins, but not enough to qualify it as a red wine.", "Rosé __knowledge__ It may be the oldest known type of wine, as it is the most straightforward to make with the skin contact method.", "Rosé __knowledge__ The pink color can range from a pale \"onion-skin\" orange to a vivid near-purple, depending on the varietals used and winemaking techniques.", "Rosé __knowledge__ There are three major ways to produce rosé wine: skin contact, saignée, and blending.", "Rosé __knowledge__ Rosé wines can be made still, semi-sparkling or sparkling and with a wide range of sweetness levels from highly dry Provençal rosé to sweet White Zinfandels and blushes.", "White wine __knowledge__ White wine is a wine whose colour can be straw-yellow, yellow-green, or yellow-gold.", "White wine __knowledge__ It is produced by the alcoholic fermentation of the non-coloured pulp of grapes, which may have a skin of any colour.", "White wine __knowledge__ White wine has existed for at least 2500 years.", "White wine __knowledge__ The wide variety of white wines comes from the large number of varieties, methods of winemaking, and ratios of residual sugar.", "White wine __knowledge__ White wine is mainly from \"white\" grapes, which are green or yellow in colour, such as the Chardonnay, Sauvignon, and Riesling.", "White wine __knowledge__ Some white wine is also made from grapes with coloured skin, provided that the obtained wort is not stained.", "Cabernet Sauvignon __knowledge__ Cabernet Sauvignon () is one of the world's most widely recognized red wine grape varieties.", "Cabernet Sauvignon __knowledge__ It is grown in nearly every major wine producing country among a diverse spectrum of climates from Canada's Okanagan Valley to Lebanon's Beqaa Valley.", "Cabernet Sauvignon __knowledge__ Cabernet Sauvignon became internationally recognized through its prominence in Bordeaux wines where it is often blended with Merlot and Cabernet Franc.", "Cabernet Sauvignon __knowledge__ From France, the grape spread across Europe and to the New World where it found new homes in places like California's Santa Cruz Mountains, Napa Valley, New Zealand's Hawkes Bay, Australia's Margaret River and Coonawarra regions, and Chile's Maipo Valley and Colchagua.", "Winemaking __knowledge__ Winemaking or vinification is the production of wine, starting with selection of the fruit, its fermentation into alcohol, and the bottling of the finished liquid.", "Winemaking __knowledge__ The history of wine-making stretches over millennia.", "Winemaking __knowledge__ The science of wine and winemaking is known as oenology.", "Winemaking __knowledge__ A winemaker may also be called a vintner.", "Winemaking __knowledge__ The growing of grapes is viticulture and there are many varieties of grapes Winemaking can be divided into two general categories: still wine production (without carbonation) and sparkling wine production (with carbonation — natural or injected).", "Winemaking __knowledge__ Red wine, white wine, and rose are the other main categories." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red wine __knowledge__ Red wine is a type of wine made from dark-colored (black) grape varieties.", "Red wine __knowledge__ The actual color of the wine can range from intense violet, typical of young wines, through to brick red for mature wines and brown for older red wines.", "Red wine __knowledge__ The juice from most purple grapes is greenish-white; the red color comes from anthocyan pigments (also called anthocyanins) present in the skin of the grape; exceptions are the relatively uncommon teinturier varieties, which produce a red colored juice.", "Red wine __knowledge__ Much of the red-wine production process therefore involves extraction of color and flavor components from the grape skin.", "Red wine __knowledge__ The first step in red wine production, after picking, involves physical processing of the grapes.", "Red wine __knowledge__ Hand-picked or machine-harvested grapes are usually tipped into a receival bin when they arrive at the winery and conveyed by a screw mechanism to the grape-processing equipment.", "Red wine __knowledge__ On arrival at the winery there is usually a mixture of individual berries, whole bunches (particularly with hand-picked grapes), stems, and leaves.", "Red wine __knowledge__ The presence of stems during fermentation can lead to a bitter taste in the wine, and the purpose of destemming is to separate grapes from the stems and leaves.", "Red wine __knowledge__ Mechanical de-stemmers usually consist of a rotating cage perforated with grape-sized holes.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "Grape __knowledge__ A grape is a fruit, botanically a berry, of the deciduous woody vines of the flowering plant genus \"Vitis\".", "Grape __knowledge__ Grapes can be eaten fresh as table grapes or they can be used for making wine, jam, juice, jelly, grape seed extract, raisins, vinegar, and grape seed oil.", "Grape __knowledge__ Grapes are a non-climacteric type of fruit, generally occurring in clusters.", "Grape __knowledge__ The cultivation of the domesticated grape began 6,000–8,000 years ago in the Near East.", "Grape __knowledge__ Yeast, one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms, occurs naturally on the skins of grapes, leading to the discovery of alcoholic drinks such as wine.", "Grape __knowledge__ The earliest archeological evidence for a dominant position of wine-making in human culture dates from 8,000 years ago in Georgia.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "White wine __knowledge__ White wine is a wine whose colour can be straw-yellow, yellow-green, or yellow-gold.", "White wine __knowledge__ It is produced by the alcoholic fermentation of the non-coloured pulp of grapes, which may have a skin of any colour.", "White wine __knowledge__ White wine has existed for at least 2500 years.", "White wine __knowledge__ The wide variety of white wines comes from the large number of varieties, methods of winemaking, and ratios of residual sugar.", "White wine __knowledge__ White wine is mainly from \"white\" grapes, which are green or yellow in colour, such as the Chardonnay, Sauvignon, and Riesling.", "White wine __knowledge__ Some white wine is also made from grapes with coloured skin, provided that the obtained wort is not stained.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Characters of Holby City __knowledge__ \"Holby City\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 12 January 1999 on BBC One.", "Characters of Holby City __knowledge__ The series was created by Tony McHale and Mal Young as a spin-off from the established BBC medical drama \"Casualty\".", "Characters of Holby City __knowledge__ It is set in the same hospital as \"Casualty\", Holby General, in the fictional city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with both \"Casualty\" (in episodes broadcast as \"Casualty@Holby City\") and the show's 2007 police procedural spin-off \"HolbyBlue\".", "Characters of Holby City __knowledge__ \"Holby City\" follows the professional and personal lives of surgeons, nurses, other medical and ancillary staff and patients at Holby General.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the police drama \"The Bill\" ordered alphabetically by character surname.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ For a full list of characters ordered by rank, see list of \"The Bill\" characters.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ The characters are all police officers or civilian staff at the fictional Sun Hill police station in London.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ PC Francis \"Taffy\" Edwards was known as the 'thin streak of Welsh misery'.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ A quiet country boy who hailed from a poor farming family near Bangor, he sometimes struggled to adapt to city life.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ Edwards was extremely lazy, often thinking up ingenious ways to avoid having to do serious work – but he had an infectious charm and was popular amongst the relief.", "Wine __knowledge__ Wine (from Latin \"vinum\") is an alcoholic beverage made from grapes, generally \"Vitis vinifera\", fermented without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes, water, or other nutrients.", "Wine __knowledge__ Yeast consumes the sugar in the grapes and converts it to ethanol and carbon dioxide.", "Wine __knowledge__ Different varieties of grapes and strains of yeasts produce different styles of wine.", "Wine __knowledge__ These variations result from the complex interactions between the biochemical development of the grape, the reactions involved in fermentation, the terroir, and the production process.", "Wine __knowledge__ Many countries enact legal appellations intended to define styles and qualities of wine.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "Rosé __knowledge__ A rosé (from French \"rosé\"; also known as \"rosado\" in Portugal and Spanish-speaking countries and \"rosato\" in Italy) is a type of wine that incorporates some of the color from the grape skins, but not enough to qualify it as a red wine.", "Rosé __knowledge__ It may be the oldest known type of wine, as it is the most straightforward to make with the skin contact method.", "Rosé __knowledge__ The pink color can range from a pale \"onion-skin\" orange to a vivid near-purple, depending on the varietals used and winemaking techniques.", "Rosé __knowledge__ There are three major ways to produce rosé wine: skin contact, saignée, and blending.", "Rosé __knowledge__ Rosé wines can be made still, semi-sparkling or sparkling and with a wide range of sweetness levels from highly dry Provençal rosé to sweet White Zinfandels and blushes.", "Pink __knowledge__ Pink is a pale red color that is named after a flower of the same name.", "Pink __knowledge__ It was first used as a color name in the late 17th century.", "Pink __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the United States, pink is the color most often associated with charm, politeness, sensitivity, tenderness, sweetness, childhood, femininity and the romantic.", "Pink __knowledge__ It is associated with chastity and innocence when combined with white, but associated with eroticism and seduction when combined with purple or black.", "Pink __knowledge__ The color pink is named after the flowers, pinks, flowering plants in the genus \"Dianthus,\" and derives from the frilled edge of the flowers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red wine __knowledge__ Red wine is a type of wine made from dark-colored (black) grape varieties.", "Red wine __knowledge__ The actual color of the wine can range from intense violet, typical of young wines, through to brick red for mature wines and brown for older red wines.", "Red wine __knowledge__ The juice from most purple grapes is greenish-white; the red color comes from anthocyan pigments (also called anthocyanins) present in the skin of the grape; exceptions are the relatively uncommon teinturier varieties, which produce a red colored juice.", "Red wine __knowledge__ Much of the red-wine production process therefore involves extraction of color and flavor components from the grape skin.", "Red wine __knowledge__ The first step in red wine production, after picking, involves physical processing of the grapes.", "Red wine __knowledge__ Hand-picked or machine-harvested grapes are usually tipped into a receival bin when they arrive at the winery and conveyed by a screw mechanism to the grape-processing equipment.", "Red wine __knowledge__ On arrival at the winery there is usually a mixture of individual berries, whole bunches (particularly with hand-picked grapes), stems, and leaves.", "Red wine __knowledge__ The presence of stems during fermentation can lead to a bitter taste in the wine, and the purpose of destemming is to separate grapes from the stems and leaves.", "Red wine __knowledge__ Mechanical de-stemmers usually consist of a rotating cage perforated with grape-sized holes.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "Malolactic fermentation __knowledge__ Malolactic fermentation (also known as malolactic conversion or MLF) is a process in winemaking in which tart-tasting malic acid, naturally present in grape must, is converted to softer-tasting lactic acid.", "Malolactic fermentation __knowledge__ Malolactic fermentation is most often performed as a secondary fermentation shortly after the end of the primary fermentation, but can sometimes run concurrently with it.", "Malolactic fermentation __knowledge__ The process is standard for most red wine production and common for some white grape varieties such as Chardonnay, where it can impart a \"buttery\" flavor from diacetyl, a byproduct of the reaction.", "Malolactic fermentation __knowledge__ The fermentation reaction is undertaken by the family of lactic acid bacteria (LAB); \"Oenococcus oeni\", and various species of \"Lactobacillus\" and \"Pediococcus\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "White wine __knowledge__ White wine is a wine whose colour can be straw-yellow, yellow-green, or yellow-gold.", "White wine __knowledge__ It is produced by the alcoholic fermentation of the non-coloured pulp of grapes, which may have a skin of any colour.", "White wine __knowledge__ White wine has existed for at least 2500 years.", "White wine __knowledge__ The wide variety of white wines comes from the large number of varieties, methods of winemaking, and ratios of residual sugar.", "White wine __knowledge__ White wine is mainly from \"white\" grapes, which are green or yellow in colour, such as the Chardonnay, Sauvignon, and Riesling.", "White wine __knowledge__ Some white wine is also made from grapes with coloured skin, provided that the obtained wort is not stained.", "Pressing (wine) __knowledge__ Pressing in winemaking is the process where juice is extracted from grapes.", "Pressing (wine) __knowledge__ This can be done with the aid of a wine press, by hand, or even by the weight of the grape berries and clusters.", "Pressing (wine) __knowledge__ Historically, intact grape clusters were trodden by feet but in most wineries today the grapes are sent through a crusher/destemmer, which removes the individual grape berries from the stems and breaks the skins, releasing some juice, prior to being pressed.", "Pressing (wine) __knowledge__ There are exceptions, such as the case of sparkling wine production in regions such as Champagne where grapes are traditionally \"whole-cluster pressed\" with stems included to produce a lighter must that is low in phenolics.", "Belvidere Formation __knowledge__ The Belvidere Formation is a geologic formation in Kansas.", "Belvidere Formation __knowledge__ It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ Bo ( — in Hebrew, the command form of \"go,\" or \"come,\" and the first significant word in the parashah, in ) is the fifteenth weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the Book of Exodus.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah constitutes The parashah tells of the last three plagues on Egypt and the first Passover.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah is made up of 6,149 Hebrew letters, 1,655 Hebrew words, and 106 verses, and can occupy about 207 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ Jews read it the fifteenth Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in January or early February.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ As the parashah describes the first Passover, Jews also read part of the parashah, as the initial Torah reading for the first day of Passover, and another part, as the initial Torah reading for the first intermediate day (\"Chol HaMoed\") of Passover.", "Winemaking __knowledge__ Winemaking or vinification is the production of wine, starting with selection of the fruit, its fermentation into alcohol, and the bottling of the finished liquid.", "Winemaking __knowledge__ The history of wine-making stretches over millennia.", "Winemaking __knowledge__ The science of wine and winemaking is known as oenology.", "Winemaking __knowledge__ A winemaker may also be called a vintner.", "Winemaking __knowledge__ The growing of grapes is viticulture and there are many varieties of grapes Winemaking can be divided into two general categories: still wine production (without carbonation) and sparkling wine production (with carbonation — natural or injected).", "Winemaking __knowledge__ Red wine, white wine, and rose are the other main categories.", "Grape __knowledge__ A grape is a fruit, botanically a berry, of the deciduous woody vines of the flowering plant genus \"Vitis\".", "Grape __knowledge__ Grapes can be eaten fresh as table grapes or they can be used for making wine, jam, juice, jelly, grape seed extract, raisins, vinegar, and grape seed oil.", "Grape __knowledge__ Grapes are a non-climacteric type of fruit, generally occurring in clusters.", "Grape __knowledge__ The cultivation of the domesticated grape began 6,000–8,000 years ago in the Near East.", "Grape __knowledge__ Yeast, one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms, occurs naturally on the skins of grapes, leading to the discovery of alcoholic drinks such as wine.", "Grape __knowledge__ The earliest archeological evidence for a dominant position of wine-making in human culture dates from 8,000 years ago in Georgia.", "Wine __knowledge__ Wine (from Latin \"vinum\") is an alcoholic beverage made from grapes, generally \"Vitis vinifera\", fermented without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes, water, or other nutrients.", "Wine __knowledge__ Yeast consumes the sugar in the grapes and converts it to ethanol and carbon dioxide.", "Wine __knowledge__ Different varieties of grapes and strains of yeasts produce different styles of wine.", "Wine __knowledge__ These variations result from the complex interactions between the biochemical development of the grape, the reactions involved in fermentation, the terroir, and the production process.", "Wine __knowledge__ Many countries enact legal appellations intended to define styles and qualities of wine.", "Phenolic content in wine __knowledge__ The phenolic content in wine refers to the phenolic compounds—natural phenol and polyphenols—in wine, which include a large group of several hundred chemical compounds that affect the taste, color and mouthfeel of wine.", "Phenolic content in wine __knowledge__ These compounds include phenolic acids, stilbenoids, flavonols, dihydroflavonols, anthocyanins, flavanol monomers (catechins) and flavanol polymers (proanthocyanidins).", "Phenolic content in wine __knowledge__ This large group of natural phenols can be broadly separated into two categories, flavonoids and non-flavonoids.", "Phenolic content in wine __knowledge__ Flavonoids include the anthocyanins and tannins which contribute to the color and mouthfeel of the wine.", "Rosé __knowledge__ A rosé (from French \"rosé\"; also known as \"rosado\" in Portugal and Spanish-speaking countries and \"rosato\" in Italy) is a type of wine that incorporates some of the color from the grape skins, but not enough to qualify it as a red wine.", "Rosé __knowledge__ It may be the oldest known type of wine, as it is the most straightforward to make with the skin contact method.", "Rosé __knowledge__ The pink color can range from a pale \"onion-skin\" orange to a vivid near-purple, depending on the varietals used and winemaking techniques.", "Rosé __knowledge__ There are three major ways to produce rosé wine: skin contact, saignée, and blending.", "Rosé __knowledge__ Rosé wines can be made still, semi-sparkling or sparkling and with a wide range of sweetness levels from highly dry Provençal rosé to sweet White Zinfandels and blushes." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 8, 7 ]

[ "I like it too, i think somalier is my dream job :D red wine color can range from intense violet, typical of young wines, through to brick red", "Hehe, thats a good thing to tell children :D the juice from most purple grapes is greenish-white; the red color comes from anthocyan pigments", "The pigment is form the stem or grape skin, the presence of stems during fermentation can lead to a bitter taste in the wine", "Thats how they make the taste different, particularly with hand-picked grapes, stems, and leaves are left in the mixture to change the taste" ]

[ "Red wine", "Red wine", "Red wine", "Red wine" ]

[ "Only child", "I am a middle child between an older and younger brother. How do you like being an only child?", "It was a little lonely in the middle as well, my older brother left me out a lot." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Only child __knowledge__ An only child is a person with no siblings, either biological or adopted.", "Only child __knowledge__ The term \"only child\" is generally applied only to those individuals who have never had siblings.", "Only child __knowledge__ Some children may have half-siblings or step-siblings, either living at the same house or a different house - especially those who were born considerably later - may have a similar family environment to only children, as may children who have younger siblings from both of the same parents (generally ten or more years).", "Only child __knowledge__ Throughout history, only children were relatively uncommon.", "Only child __knowledge__ From around the middle of the 20th century, birth rates and average family sizes fell sharply, for a number of reasons including increasing costs of raising children and more women having their first child later in life.", "Only child __knowledge__ The proportion of families in the U.S. with only children increased during the Great Depression but fell during the Post–World War II baby boom.", "Only child __knowledge__ After the Korean War ended in 1953, the South Korean government suggested citizens each have one or two children to boost economic prosperity, which resulted in significantly lowered birth rates and a larger number of only children to the country.", "Only child __knowledge__ From 1979 to 2015, the one-child policy in the People's Republic of China restricted most parents to having only one child, although it was subject to local relaxations and individual circumstances (for instance when twins were conceived)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Only child __knowledge__ An only child is a person with no siblings, either biological or adopted.", "Only child __knowledge__ The term \"only child\" is generally applied only to those individuals who have never had siblings.", "Only child __knowledge__ Some children may have half-siblings or step-siblings, either living at the same house or a different house - especially those who were born considerably later - may have a similar family environment to only children, as may children who have younger siblings from both of the same parents (generally ten or more years).", "Only child __knowledge__ Throughout history, only children were relatively uncommon.", "Only child __knowledge__ From around the middle of the 20th century, birth rates and average family sizes fell sharply, for a number of reasons including increasing costs of raising children and more women having their first child later in life.", "Only child __knowledge__ The proportion of families in the U.S. with only children increased during the Great Depression but fell during the Post–World War II baby boom.", "Only child __knowledge__ After the Korean War ended in 1953, the South Korean government suggested citizens each have one or two children to boost economic prosperity, which resulted in significantly lowered birth rates and a larger number of only children to the country.", "Only child __knowledge__ From 1979 to 2015, the one-child policy in the People's Republic of China restricted most parents to having only one child, although it was subject to local relaxations and individual circumstances (for instance when twins were conceived).", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ Detailed anthropological and sociological studies have been made about customs of patrilineal inheritance, where only male children can inherit.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ Some cultures also employ matrilineal succession, where property can only pass along the female line, most commonly going to the sister's sons of the decedent; but also, in some societies, from the mother to her daughters.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ Some ancient societies and most modern states employ egalitarian inheritance, without discrimination based on gender and/or birth order.", "Systems of social stratification __knowledge__ The system of patrilineal primogeniture traditionally prevalent among most southern Bantu tribes is explained in detail by Isabel Moodley: \"Due to the polygynous nature of the customary marriage, African customary law distinguishes between \"family rank\" and \"house rank\".", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "List of Full House and Fuller House characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters from the American television sitcom \"Full House\" and its sequel series \"Fuller House\".", "List of Full House and Fuller House characters __knowledge__ The former ran for eight seasons on ABC from September 22, 1987 to May 23, 1995.", "List of Full House and Fuller House characters __knowledge__ \"Fuller House\" followed 21 years later, airing on Netflix beginning February 26, 2016.", "List of Full House and Fuller House characters __knowledge__ The first nine episodes of the third season were released on September 22, 2017, and the back nine was released on December 22, 2017.", "List of Full House and Fuller House characters __knowledge__ Jesse Katsopolis (portrayed by John Stamos; the character's last name in season one was Cochran, but was changed reportedly due to John Stamos wanting his character to better reflect his Greek heritage) is Danny's brother-in-law, Pam's younger brother, husband of Rebecca Donaldson and father of twin sons Nicky and Alex.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ George R. R. Martin's \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" novels feature a sizable cast of characters.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ The series follows three interwoven plotlines: a dynastic war for control of Westeros by several families; the rising threat of the superhuman Others beyond Westeros's northern border; and the ambition of Daenerys Targaryen, the exiled heir of the previous ruling dynasty.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ Each chapter is narrated in the third person limited point of view through the eyes of a single character.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ Beginning with nine POV characters in \"A Game of Thrones\" (1996), the number grows to thirty-one by \"A Dance with Dragons\" (2011).", "List of The Mortal Instruments characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the main characters from \"The Mortal Instruments\" series by Cassandra Clare, including the novels \"City of Bones\", \"City of Ashes\", \"City of Glass\", \"City of Fallen Angels\", \"City of Lost Souls\", and \"City of Heavenly Fire\" The following is a list of series regulars who have appeared in one or more of the series' three seasons.", "List of The Mortal Instruments characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in the order they were first credited in the series.", "List of The Mortal Instruments characters __knowledge__ Clarissa \"Clary\" Adele Fray/Fairchild/Morgenstern is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the \"Mortal Instruments\" series.", "List of The Mortal Instruments characters __knowledge__ While at a New York City nightclub, the Pandemonium, she is stunned to observe a group of teenagers with apparent supernatural abilities: Jace, Isabelle, and Alec.", "List of Naruto characters __knowledge__ The manga and anime series features an extensive cast of characters created by Masashi Kishimoto.", "List of Naruto characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in a fictional universe where countries vie for power by employing ninja who can use superhuman abilities in combat.", "List of Naruto characters __knowledge__ The storyline is divided into two parts, simply named Part I and Part II, with the latter taking place two-and-a-half years after the conclusion of Part I.", "List of Naruto characters __knowledge__ It is followed by the sequel series \"\" by Ukyō Kodachi, which continues where the epilogue of the first series left off.", "List of Naruto characters __knowledge__ The series' storyline follows the adventures of a group of young ninja from the village of Konohagakure.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ Hi-5 is an Australian children's television series, originally produced by Kids Like Us and later Southern Star for the Nine Network and created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The program is known for its educational content, and for the cast of the program, who became a recognised musical group for children outside of the series, known collectively as Hi-5.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ It has generated discussion about what is considered appropriate television for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The series premiered in April 1999 on the Nine Network.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The series is designed for a pre-school audience, featuring five performers who educate and entertain through music, movement and play.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ The 2009–10 season is Sunderland's third consecutive season in the top division of English football, the Premier League.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Ricky Sbragia was replaced by Steve Bruce in the close season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ His aim is to improve on the club's 16th position the previous season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in the Premier League with 24 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Andy Reid was the top scorer in the League Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Fraizer Campbell was the top scorer in the FA Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in all competitions with 25 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ At the end of the season, Darren Bent won both the club's official Player of the Season and the SAFC Supporters' Association awards.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A sibling is one of two or more individuals having one or both parents in common.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A full sibling is a first-degree relative.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A male sibling is a brother, and a female sibling is a sister.", "Sibling __knowledge__ In most societies throughout the world, siblings often grow up together, thereby facilitating the development of strong emotional bonds.", "Sibling __knowledge__ The emotional bond between siblings is often complicated and is influenced by factors such as parental treatment, birth order, personality, and personal experiences outside the family.", "Sibling __knowledge__ However, there are cases where siblings grow up in separate homes, in different environments.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ In January 2004, Sony announced the Hi-MD media storage format as a further development of the MiniDisc format.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ With its release in later 2004, came the ability to use newly developed, high-capacity 1 gigabyte Hi-MD discs, sporting the same dimensions as regular MiniDiscs.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ The Hi-MD format can be considered obsolete as the last recorder/player was discontinued in 2011.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ The discs themselves were withdrawn from sale in September 2012, though regular MiniDiscs are still available ().", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ Hi-MD offers the choice of several codecs for audio recording: PCM, Hi-SP and Hi-LP, each selectable on the Hi-MD Walkman itself.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ A hi-hat, also spelled hihat or high-hat, is a combination of two cymbals, a foot-operated pedal which moves a rod which in turn moves one of the cymbals, all mounted on a metal stand.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ Hihats are an essential part of the standard drum kit used by drummers in many popular music (e.g.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ every genre of rock music) and traditional music (e.g.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ blues) styles.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ It consists of a mating pair of small to medium-sized cymbals mounted on a stand, with the two cymbals facing each other.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ The bottom cymbal is fixed and the top is mounted on a rod which moves the top cymbal towards the bottom one when a foot pedal is depressed (a hihat that is in this position is said to be \"closed\" or \"closed hihats\").", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ Siblings play a unique role in one another’s lives that simulates the companionship of parents as well as the influence and assistance of friends.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ Because siblings often grow up in the same household, they have a large amount of exposure to one another, like other members of the immediate family.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ However, though a sibling relationship can have both hierarchical and reciprocal elements, this relationship tends to be more egalitarian and symmetrical than with family members of other generations.", "Sibling relationship __knowledge__ Furthermore, sibling relationships often reflect the overall condition of cohesiveness within a family." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Only child __knowledge__ An only child is a person with no siblings, either biological or adopted.", "Only child __knowledge__ The term \"only child\" is generally applied only to those individuals who have never had siblings.", "Only child __knowledge__ Some children may have half-siblings or step-siblings, either living at the same house or a different house - especially those who were born considerably later - may have a similar family environment to only children, as may children who have younger siblings from both of the same parents (generally ten or more years).", "Only child __knowledge__ Throughout history, only children were relatively uncommon.", "Only child __knowledge__ From around the middle of the 20th century, birth rates and average family sizes fell sharply, for a number of reasons including increasing costs of raising children and more women having their first child later in life.", "Only child __knowledge__ The proportion of families in the U.S. with only children increased during the Great Depression but fell during the Post–World War II baby boom.", "Only child __knowledge__ After the Korean War ended in 1953, the South Korean government suggested citizens each have one or two children to boost economic prosperity, which resulted in significantly lowered birth rates and a larger number of only children to the country.", "Only child __knowledge__ From 1979 to 2015, the one-child policy in the People's Republic of China restricted most parents to having only one child, although it was subject to local relaxations and individual circumstances (for instance when twins were conceived).", "Lovely Little Lonely __knowledge__ Lovely Little Lonely is the sixth studio album by American rock band The Maine and was released on April 7, 2017, through the band's label 8123.", "Lovely Little Lonely __knowledge__ It debuted at number 32 on the Billboard 200.", "Lovely Little Lonely __knowledge__ Recording for their sixth album initially took place in New York in the fall of 2016.", "Lovely Little Lonely __knowledge__ The band had wanted to record in the city for a while and Pat suggested taking a week to fly out and find a space to work in.", "Lovely Little Lonely __knowledge__ They set out with producer Colby Wedgeworth and recorded at the Brooklyn Patch - a house with a built-in studio made specifically for bands to record/write in.", "Lovely Little Lonely __knowledge__ Satisfied with their New York experience but searching for more inspiration, the guys ended up at an Airbnb in Gualala, California.", "The Maine (band) __knowledge__ The Maine is an American rock band from Tempe, Arizona, formed in 2007.", "The Maine (band) __knowledge__ Their first release, the EP \"Stay Up, Get Down\" was released in late 2007, followed by a five-song EP titled \"The Way We Talk\" on December 11, 2007.", "The Maine (band) __knowledge__ The band's first full-length album, \"Can't Stop Won't Stop\" was released July 8, 2008.", "The Maine (band) __knowledge__ \"...And a Happy New Year\" was released in December 2008.", "The Maine (band) __knowledge__ Their second full-length album, \"Black & White\", (July 13, 2010) sold 22,634 copies in its first week.", "The Maine (band) __knowledge__ On December 6, 2011, the group's third album, \"Pioneer\", was released and it peaked at No.", "The Maine (band) __knowledge__ 90 on the Billboard 200.", "The Maine (band) __knowledge__ Their fourth full-length record \"Forever Halloween\"(June 4, 2013) reached No.", "Maureen McCormick __knowledge__ Maureen Denise McCormick (born August 5, 1956) is an American actress, singer and author.", "Maureen McCormick __knowledge__ She is best known for her portrayal of Marcia Brady on the ABC television sitcom \"The Brady Bunch\", which ran from 1969 to 1974.", "Maureen McCormick __knowledge__ She reprised the role in several of the numerous \"Brady Bunch\" spin-offs and films, including \"The Brady Kids\", \"The Brady Bunch Hour\", \"The Brady Brides\" as well as \"A Very Brady Christmas\" (1988).", "Maureen McCormick __knowledge__ McCormick also appeared in \"The Idolmaker\" (1980) as well as a wide range of other supporting film roles.", "Maureen McCormick __knowledge__ In the 1980s and 1990s, she ventured into stage acting, appearing in a variety of different roles and productions such as Wendy Darling in \"Peter Pan\" and Betty Rizzo in \"Grease\".", "Neil Finn __knowledge__ Neil Mullane Finn OBE (born 27 May 1958) is a New Zealand singer/songwriter and musician.", "Neil Finn __knowledge__ With his brother Tim Finn, he was the co-frontman for Split Enz, a project that he joined after it was initially founded by Tim and others, and is now frontman for Crowded House.", "Neil Finn __knowledge__ He has also recorded several successful solo albums and assembled diverse musicians for the 7 Worlds Collide project; contributor Ed O'Brien, also guitarist for Radiohead, has hailed Finn as popular music's \"most prolific writer of great songs\".", "Neil Finn __knowledge__ Finn rose to prominence in the late 1970s with Split Enz and wrote the successful songs \"One Step Ahead\", \"History Never Repeats\", \"I Got You\" and \"Message to My Girl\", among others.", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the anime and manga series, \"Gakuen Alice\".", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ Names are displayed in Western order (given name before surname).", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ Mikan is the female protagonist of the story and a 10-year-old girl, especially characterised by being optimistic, childlike, cheerful and energetic.", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ She previously lived in the countryside with her grandfather and best friend Hotaru, until Hotaru moved away when going to study at Alice Academy, prompting Mikan to follow her friend.", "List of Gakuen Alice characters __knowledge__ An accidental encounter with teacher Narumi causes her to be enrolled into the school along with Hotaru, much to her pleasure.", "List of FLCL characters __knowledge__ The central character in FLCL (also known as Fooly Cooly), a six-episode Japanese anime produced by Studio Gainax, is \"Naota Nandaba\", a sixth grader whose life is greatly changed after he is run over by \"Haruko Haruhara\", who claims to be an alien.", "List of FLCL characters __knowledge__ Other main characters are \"Mamimi Samejima\", \"Commander Amarao\", \"Canti\", \"Atomsk\", and \"Lieutenant Kitsurubami\".", "List of FLCL characters __knowledge__ , 13, is the protagonist.", "List of FLCL characters __knowledge__ His name is derived from the Japanese word for \"honesty\".", "List of FLCL characters __knowledge__ Unbeknownst to him, he has the \"right kind of head\" to be used as an N.O.", "List of FLCL characters __knowledge__ channel.", "List of FLCL characters __knowledge__ Slightly wise beyond his years and heavily critical of others around him, Naota is cynical, obsessed with appearing mature and devoutly acts nonchalant.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of supporting characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ is a fictional character in the anime \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ OVA In the OVA, Katsuhito, also known as , fled Jurai over 700 years ago to \"retire\" on Earth.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ He was once the greatest swordsman on Jurai.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Currently Katsuhito is a Shinto priest who is not only training Tenchi to be a Shinto priest but also training him in Jurai swordsmanship.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Yōshō had a marriage arranged with half-sister Ayeka, but left.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ At the time, not all Juraians liked the idea of mixed blood heritages (he is part human, on his mother's side) and he used Ryōko's attack as an excuse to slip away to Earth.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune Records was an American family operated, independent record label located in Detroit, Michigan from 1946 to 1995.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ The label owners were Jack and Devora Brown, their son Sheldon Brown recorded for the label.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Original releases tapered off after 1972 aside from a few albums in the mid-1980s.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune specialized in R&B, blues, soul and doo-wop music, although the label also released pop, big band, hillbilly, gospel, rock and roll, and polka records.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune released some doo-wop tunes by Nolan Strong & The Diablos, such as \"The Wind\" (Fortune 511, 1954), \"The Way You Dog Me Around\" (Fortune 518, 1955), and \"Mind Over Matter\" (Fortune 546, 1962).", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Mercedes Maria Theresa Immaculata McQueen (also Owen, Fisher and Browning) is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera, \"Hollyoaks\", played by Jennifer Metcalfe.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ She debuted on-screen during the episode airing on 19 June 2006 as the first character to be introduced to the series by series producer, Bryan Kirkwood.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ In 2008 Metcalfe feared that the character was to be axed but was later reassured by the series producer that she would not be.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Metcalfe later stated her intention to stay with the series.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Mercedes is part of the McQueen family and is the longest serving McQueen on the series." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 0 ]

[ "Hi there! Do you have any siblings? I myself am an only child.", "It's alright. I felt pretty lonely growing up alot, and it was a pretty uncommon thing. Most of my friends had brothers and sisters so I felt a little jealous. How was it being the middle one?", "I am really sorry to hear that. So I guess it was kind of the same experience as being an only child. Who knew?" ]

[ "Only child", "Only child", "Only child" ]

[ "Hiking", "I like to play basketball and swim.", "I just love everything about about it. I use to play point guard and forward.", "I use to love Mugs Bouges because he was so short and everybody doubted him" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Basquash! __knowledge__ The story takes place in the world of \"Earth Dash\", an alternate, futuristic version of Earth where human society split between the far more advanced lunar society and that of the planet's surface.", "Basquash! __knowledge__ A popular sport is BFB (Big Foot Basketball), where players ride mecha called \"Big Foot\" and play basketball in a giant arena.", "Basquash! __knowledge__ In the city of Rolling Town, Dan JD and his companions take the sport to the streets, rename it \"Basquash\", and then embark on a journey to overcome their past hardships and make their dreams come true.", "Basquash! __knowledge__ The main protagonist, Dan is a young boy who loves basketball but despises BFB due to an accident that crippled his sister.", "Adult Swim __knowledge__ Adult Swim (stylized as [adult swim]) is the adult-oriented nighttime programming block of the American children's cable network Cartoon Network, operating daily 8 p.m.–6 a.m. Eastern and Pacific Time.", "Adult Swim __knowledge__ It is programmed by Williams Street Productions, a subsidiary of Turner, which also developed two other programming blocks for Cartoon Network: Toonami (which later became a block on Adult Swim in 2012) and Miguzi.", "Adult Swim __knowledge__ The block gets its name from a phrase used by public swimming pools in the United States to label designated times when children are restricted from using the facilities in favor of adults.", "Tal Brody __knowledge__ Tal Brody (Hebrew: טל ברודי; nicknamed Mr. Basketball; born August 30, 1943) is an American-Israeli former basketball player, and current Goodwill Ambassador of Israel, who lives in Israel.", "Tal Brody __knowledge__ Brody was drafted # 12 in the National Basketball Association (NBA) draft, but chose to pass up an NBA career to instead play basketball in Israel.", "Tal Brody __knowledge__ He played on national basketball teams of both the United States and Israel, and served in the armies of both countries.", "Tal Brody __knowledge__ A New Jersey All Star basketball player in high school, Brody led his team to an undefeated state championship.", "Tal Brody __knowledge__ In college, he was a high-scoring, slick-passing All-American and All-Big Ten guard in 1965, while playing for the University of Illinois.", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ Jeremy Shu-How Lin (born August 23, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Brooklyn Nets of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ He unexpectedly led a winning turnaround with the New York Knicks in 2012, which generated a global craze known as \"Linsanity\".", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ Lin grew up in the San Francisco Bay Area and earned Northern California Player of the Year honors as a senior in high school.", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ After receiving no athletic scholarship offers, he attended Harvard University, where he was a three-time All-Conference player in the Ivy League.", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ Undrafted out of college, Lin reached a partially guaranteed contract deal in 2010 with his hometown Golden State Warriors.", "Lauren Jackson __knowledge__ Lauren Elizabeth Jackson (born 11 May 1981) is an Australian former professional basketball player.", "Lauren Jackson __knowledge__ The daughter of two national basketball team players, Jackson was awarded a scholarship to the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) in 1997, when she was 16.", "Lauren Jackson __knowledge__ In 1998, she led the AIS side that won the Women's National Basketball League (WNBL) championship.", "Lauren Jackson __knowledge__ Jackson joined the Canberra Capitals for the 1999 season when she turned 18, and played with the team off and on until 2006, winning four more WNBL championships.", "Lauren Jackson __knowledge__ From 2010 to 2016, Jackson played with the Canberra Capitals, which she did during the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) offseason during the time she continued WNBA play.", "Bill Russell __knowledge__ William Felton Russell (born February 12, 1934) is an American retired professional basketball player.", "Bill Russell __knowledge__ Russell played center for the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1956 to 1969.", "Bill Russell __knowledge__ A five-time NBA Most Valuable Player and a twelve-time All-Star, he was the centerpiece of the Celtics dynasty, winning eleven NBA championships during his thirteen-year career.", "Bill Russell __knowledge__ Russell holds the record for the most championships won by an athlete in a North American sports league (tied with Henri Richard of the National Hockey League).", "Bill Russell __knowledge__ Before his professional career, Russell led the University of San Francisco to two consecutive NCAA championships in 1955 and 1956, and he captained the gold-medal winning U.S. national basketball team at the 1956 Summer Olympics.", "Dusan Langura __knowledge__ Dusan Langura (Serbian Cyrillic: Душан Лангура, born on 26 February 1993), also known by his nicknames Dule or Rolex, is a Swiss former basketball player.", "Dusan Langura __knowledge__ The 6-foot-4-inch (1.94 m) from Romont, Switzerland previously attended The University of Georgia and Furtah Preparatory School in Acworth, Georgia and has represented the youth Swiss national basketball team.", "Dusan Langura __knowledge__ He played as a Shooting Guard.", "Dusan Langura __knowledge__ Langura was born in Kotor, Montenegro to Serb Montenegrin father Uros Langura from Priboj, Serbia and Macedonian mother Dragica Sazdanova from Bitola, Macedonia.", "Dusan Langura __knowledge__ When his parents met in 1980 at The University of Belgrade, his mother Dragica was studying Physical Therapy at The University of Belgrade while his father Uros was studying medicine at The University of Belgrade School of Medicine.", "Manuel Andrack __knowledge__ Manuel Andrack (born June 23, 1965 in Cologne) is a German journalist, television show editor, television host and author.", "Manuel Andrack __knowledge__ He is most well known for his role as the \"sidekick\" in the popular \"Harald Schmidt Show\".", "Manuel Andrack __knowledge__ Manuel Andrack was born on June 23, 1965 in Cologne, where he has also lived most of his life.", "Manuel Andrack __knowledge__ After receiving his Abitur in 1984 he enrolled at University of Cologne, majoring in theater studies, film, television and German studies with a minor in art history.", "Manuel Andrack __knowledge__ He received a Magister Artium degree from the same university.", "Manuel Andrack __knowledge__ Andrack first worked as an editor for the television production company \"CAT Entertainment RLT\".", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Tourism in Nunavut __knowledge__ Tourism in Nunavut focuses on outdoor activities and culture of the local Inuit, the indigenous people of Nunavut.", "Tourism in Nunavut __knowledge__ Wildlife watching is a popular tourist attraction, as the territory is home to a number of wildlife and bird sanctuaries.", "Tourism in Nunavut __knowledge__ It is possible to spot walrus, polar bears, a large variety of birds and belugas throughout Nunavut.", "Tourism in Nunavut __knowledge__ Outdoor adventure activities are also popular.", "Tourism in Nunavut __knowledge__ Nunavut has a wide and lengthy river system, meaning that there are a large number of canoeing and kayaking opportunities to suit experienced travellers.", "Tourism in Nunavut __knowledge__ Nunavut's vast expanse of uninhabited territory offers many opportunities for hiking and camping.", "Luethi-Peterson Camps __knowledge__ Founded in 1948 by Natalie Luethi-Peterson, the Luethi-Peterson Camps (LPC) are non-profit, co-ed summer camps in different countries, that aim to foster international understanding by bringing together kids from a variety of cultural backgrounds.", "Luethi-Peterson Camps __knowledge__ Officially, its stated purpose is to \"be a project based upon the conviction that understanding is essential to peace and that such understanding can be best realized through personal friendship and mutual respect which such friendship engenders.\"", "Luethi-Peterson Camps __knowledge__ Using crafts, sports, music and language study as vehicles, LPC emphasizes self-government, guiding campers to take responsibility for themselves and their community.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ Salut D'Amour (; lit.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ Love Greeting), despite its French name, is a South Korean television series that aired on KBS2 from November 1, 1994 to April 25, 1995 for a total of twenty five episodes.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The theme of \"Salut D'Amour\", unlike later versions, are not interconnected to one another by episode.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ Each episode contains a separate but closely related theme.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The Episode starts with a documentary show on Korea during the war, Korea during the year he was born in (1975)-riots and crowded streets in South Korea.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The narrator talked about the population census taken on September 18, 1995.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The population stood at 37,680,000 male and female sex ratio (1740:1124, males to females), as well as family events in 1982.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ Hiking in Kosovo started with establishment of the first hiking association in 1928, and it continued with creation of different association all around the territory which was then part of Yugoslavia.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ After the Kosovo War a lot was done also by the support of the societies such as: HikingNjeri which have worked hard to not only organize activities, but also to expose hiking to the general public via social media.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ Hiking as an activity started in its true sense circa 1930, the year in which a group of friends climbed the Gjeravica mountain in Peć.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ This was the first time that a peak in Kosovo was climbed (there is no evidence of that)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Tweener (basketball) __knowledge__ A tweener in basketball is a term, sometimes used derisively, for a player who is able to play two positions, but is not ideally suited to play either position exclusively, so he/she is said to be in be\"tween\".", "Tweener (basketball) __knowledge__ A tweener has a set of skills that do not match the traditional position of his physical stature.", "Tweener (basketball) __knowledge__ NBA.com's definition of \"tweener\" is as follows: A player who is ideally suited to play two positions is sometimes referred to as a swingman, although that term is more commonly reserved specifically for those who are suited to play small forward and shooting guard.", "Tweener (basketball) __knowledge__ This tweener has the skills of either a center or a power forward, but is usually stronger than traditional power forwards and quicker and often more skilled than traditional centers, and is generically called a \"big\" or \"big man\" in American basketball, where the distinction between power forwards and centers has become increasingly blurred.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The Toronto Raptors are a Canadian professional basketball team based in Toronto, Ontario.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The Raptors compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as a member club of the league's Eastern Conference Atlantic Division.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Vancouver Grizzlies, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ When the Grizzlies relocated to Memphis, Tennessee to become the Memphis Grizzlies in 2001, the Raptors became the only Canadian-based team in the NBA.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ They originally played their home games at SkyDome, before moving eastward along Bremner Boulevard to the Air Canada Centre in 1999.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ The manga and anime series \"Slam Dunk\" features a cast of fictional characters created by Takehiko Inoue.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in Japan, with the main characters being high school basketball players from Kanagawa Prefecture.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ It tells the story of Hanamichi Sakuragi, a teenager who falls in love with Haruko Akagi after being rejected by 50 other girls.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ However, as Haruko is in love with Kaede Rukawa, a popular and talented basketball player, Sakuragi decides to join the Shohoku High School basketball team to surpass Rukawa and make Haruko fall in love with him.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ As he starts learning how to play basketball, Sakuragi starts liking the sport and resolves to become the best player.", "Point guard __knowledge__ The point guard (PG), also called the one or point, is one of the five positions in a regulation basketball game.", "Point guard __knowledge__ A point guard has perhaps the most specialized role of any position.", "Point guard __knowledge__ Point guards are expected to run the team's offense by controlling the ball and making sure that it gets to the right players at the right time.", "Point guard __knowledge__ Above all, the point guard must totally understand and accept their coach's game plan; in this way, the position can be compared to a quarterback in American football or a playmaker in association football (soccer).", "Point guard __knowledge__ While the guard must understand and accept the coach's gameplan, he must also be able to adapt to what the defense is allowing, and he also must control the pace of the game.", "University of Canberra Capitals __knowledge__ The University of Canberra Capitals are an Australian professional women's basketball team competing in the Women's National Basketball League (WNBL).", "University of Canberra Capitals __knowledge__ The team is based in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory.", "University of Canberra Capitals __knowledge__ In 2014 the University of Canberra Union took control of the Capitals from Basketball ACT.", "University of Canberra Capitals __knowledge__ The University of Canberra is the current naming rights sponsor for the Capitals.", "University of Canberra Capitals __knowledge__ Founded in 1984, the Capitals first competed in the WNBL in the 1986 season after winning the Australian Women’s Basketball Conference in 1985.", "University of Canberra Capitals __knowledge__ After struggling to make an impact on the competition for more than a decade, the club became one of the dominant teams in the Australian WNBL competition in 1999, due in part to the ascension of one of the greatest female players in the world Lauren Jackson and coach Carrie Graf.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The Chicago Bulls are an American professional basketball team based in Chicago, Illinois.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The Bulls compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Eastern Conference Central Division.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The team was founded on January 16, 1966.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the United Center, an arena shared with the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The Bulls saw their greatest success during the 1990s, when they were responsible for popularizing the NBA worldwide.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ They are known for having one of the NBA's greatest dynasties, winning six NBA championships between 1991 and 1998 with two three-peats.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ The New York Knickerbockers, commonly referred to as the Knicks, are an American professional basketball team based in the New York City borough of Manhattan.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ The Knicks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at Madison Square Garden, located in the borough of Manhattan.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ They are one of two NBA teams located in New York City; the other is the Brooklyn Nets.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ The team, established by Ned Irish in 1946, was one of the founding members of the Basketball Association of America (BAA), which became the NBA after merging with the rival National Basketball League (NBL) in 1949.", "Grammatical aspect __knowledge__ Aspect is a grammatical category that expresses how an action, event, or state, denoted by a verb, extends over time.", "Grammatical aspect __knowledge__ Perfective aspect is used in referring to an event conceived as bounded and unitary, without reference to any flow of time during (\"I helped him\").", "Grammatical aspect __knowledge__ Imperfective aspect is used for situations conceived as existing continuously or repetitively as time flows (\"I was helping him\"; \"I used to help people\").", "Grammatical aspect __knowledge__ Further distinctions can be made, for example, to distinguish states and ongoing actions (continuous and progressive aspects) from repetitive actions (habitual aspect).", "Grammatical aspect __knowledge__ Certain aspectual distinctions express a relation in time between the event and the time of reference.", "Graphics display resolution __knowledge__ The graphics display resolution is the width and height dimension of an electronic visual display device, such as a computer monitor, in pixels.", "Graphics display resolution __knowledge__ Certain combinations of width and height are standardized and typically given a name and an initialism that is descriptive of its dimensions.", "Graphics display resolution __knowledge__ A higher display resolution in a display of the same size means that displayed photo or video content appears sharper, and pixel art appears smaller.", "Graphics display resolution __knowledge__ The favored aspect ratio of mass market display industry products has changed gradually from 4:3, then to 16:10, and then to 16:9, and now 21:9.", "Graphics display resolution __knowledge__ The 4:3 aspect ratio generally reflects older products, especially the era of the cathode ray tube (CRT).", "Tense–aspect–mood __knowledge__ Tense–aspect–mood, commonly abbreviated ' and also called tense–modality–aspect or ', is the grammatical system of a language that covers the expression of tense (location in time), aspect (fabric of time – a single block of time, continuous flow of time, or repetitive occurrence), and mood or modality (degree of necessity, obligation, probability, ability).", "Tense–aspect–mood __knowledge__ In some languages, evidentiality (whether evidence exists for the statement, and if so what kind) and mirativity (surprise) may also be included.", "Tense–aspect–mood __knowledge__ The term is convenient because it is often difficult to untangle these features of a language.", "Aspect ratio (image) __knowledge__ The aspect ratio of an image describes the proportional relationship between its width and its height.", "Aspect ratio (image) __knowledge__ It is commonly expressed as two numbers separated by a colon, as in \"16:9\".", "Aspect ratio (image) __knowledge__ For an \"x\":\"y\" aspect ratio, no matter how big or small the image is, if the width is divided into \"x\" units of equal length and the height is measured using this same length unit, the height will be measured to be \"y\" units.", "Aspect ratio (image) __knowledge__ In, for example, a group of images that all have an aspect ratio of 16:9, one image might be 16 inches wide and 9 inches high, another 16 centimeters wide and 9 centimeters high, and a third might be 8 yards wide and 4.5 yards high.", "Aspect-oriented software development __knowledge__ In computing, aspect-oriented software development (AOSD) is a software development technology that seeks new modularizations of software systems in order to isolate secondary or supporting functions from the main program's business logic.", "Aspect-oriented software development __knowledge__ AOSD allows multiple concerns to be expressed separately and automatically unified into working systems.", "Aspect-oriented software development __knowledge__ Traditional software development focuses on decomposing systems into units of primary functionality, while recognizing that there are other issues of concern that do not fit well into the primary decomposition.", "Aspect-oriented software development __knowledge__ The traditional development process leaves it to the programmers to code modules corresponding to the primary functionality and to make sure that all other issues of concern are addressed in the code wherever appropriate.", "Continuous and progressive aspects __knowledge__ The continuous and progressive aspects (abbreviated and ) are grammatical aspects that express incomplete action (\"to do\") or state (\"to be\") in progress at a specific time: they are non-habitual, imperfective aspects.", "Continuous and progressive aspects __knowledge__ In the grammars of many languages the two terms are used interchangeably.", "Continuous and progressive aspects __knowledge__ This is also the case with English: a construction such as \"\"He is washing\"\" may be described either as \"present continuous\" or as \"present progressive\".", "Continuous and progressive aspects __knowledge__ However, there are certain languages for which two different aspects are distinguished.", "Continuous and progressive aspects __knowledge__ In Chinese, for example, \"progressive\" aspect denotes a current action, as in \"he is getting dressed\", while \"continuous\" aspect denotes a current state, as in \"he is wearing fine clothes\".", "Pixel aspect ratio __knowledge__ Pixel aspect ratio (often abbreviated PAR) is a mathematical ratio that describes how the width of a pixel in a digital image compares to the height of that pixel.", "Pixel aspect ratio __knowledge__ Most digital imaging systems display an image as a grid of tiny, square pixels.", "Pixel aspect ratio __knowledge__ However, some imaging systems, especially those that must be compatible with standard-definition television motion pictures, display an image as a grid of rectangular pixels, in which the pixel width and height are different.", "Pixel aspect ratio __knowledge__ Pixel aspect ratio describes this difference.", "Pixel aspect ratio __knowledge__ Use of pixel aspect ratio mostly involves pictures pertaining to standard-definition television and some other exceptional cases." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Mug __knowledge__ A mug is a type of cup typically used for drinking hot beverages, such as coffee, hot chocolate, soup, or tea.", "Mug __knowledge__ Mugs usually have handles and hold a larger amount of fluid than other types of cup.", "Mug __knowledge__ Usually a mug holds approximately 8- of liquid; double a tea cup.", "Mug __knowledge__ A mug is a less formal style of drink container and is not usually used in formal place settings, where a teacup or coffee cup is preferred.", "Mug __knowledge__ Shaving mugs are used to assist in wet shaving.", "Mug __knowledge__ Ancient mugs were usually carved in wood or bone, or shaped of clay, while most modern ones are made of ceramic materials such as bone china, earthenware, porcelain, or stoneware.", "Kulimlim __knowledge__ Kulimlim is a 2004 Philippine horror film directed by Maryo J. delos Reyes.", "Kulimlim __knowledge__ Actor Robin Padilla said that the portrayal of his character Jake Cabrera was challenging since he has to portray five personalities: Jake Cabrera, the three ex-convicts and the demon formed by their souls.", "Kulimlim __knowledge__ Based on a technicality, the Supreme Court has ordered the release of the three Satanist men convicted of raping Jake Cabrera's wife Hannah (played by Tanya Garcia) after eight years in prison.", "Kulimlim __knowledge__ Jake decides to render his own brand of justice.", "Kulimlim __knowledge__ However, the souls of the three convicts possess him, causing harm to his family.", "Macintosh User Group __knowledge__ A Macintosh User Group (MUG) is a users' group of people who use Macintosh computers made by Apple Inc. or other manufacturers and who use the Apple Macintosh operating system (OS).", "Macintosh User Group __knowledge__ These groups are primarily locally situated and meet regularly to discuss Macintosh computers, the Mac OS, software and peripherals that work with these computers.", "Macintosh User Group __knowledge__ Some groups focus on the older versions of Mac OS, up to Mac OS 9, but the majority now focus on the current version of Mac OS, Mac OS X.", "Macintosh User Group __knowledge__ This user group began with the formation of the Apple User Group Connection.", "Macintosh User Group __knowledge__ Macintosh user groups are independent organizations that elect their own leaders, develop and present topics at group meetings, schedule special events, frequently have a newsletter and/or web page, and other activities.", "Beer stein __knowledge__ Beer stein ( ), or simply stein, is an English neologism for either traditional beer mugs made out of stoneware, or specifically ornamental beer mugs that are usually sold as souvenirs or collectibles.", "Beer stein __knowledge__ In German, the word \"\" means stone and is not used to refer to a beverage container.", "Beer stein __knowledge__ Such \"Steins\" may be made out of stoneware, pewter, porcelain, or even silver, wood or crystal glass; they may have open tops or hinged pewter lids with a thumb-lever.", "Beer stein __knowledge__ \"Steins\" usually come in sizes of a half litre or a full litre (or comparable historic sizes).", "Beer stein __knowledge__ Like decorative tankards, they are often decorated in a nostalgic manner, but with allusions to Germany or Bavaria.", "Château de Bouges __knowledge__ The Château de Bouges is an 18th-century mansion in the town of Bouges-le-Château, in the Indre \"département\" of France, in the Loire Valley.", "Château de Bouges __knowledge__ It is classified as a \"monument historique\" and the gardens are listed by the Ministry of Culture as among the Notable Gardens of France.", "Château de Bouges __knowledge__ The château and gardens are open to the public.", "Château de Bouges __knowledge__ The château was built in 1765, probably by Ange-Jacques Gabriel, on lands acquired by Charles-François Leblanc de Manarval, the master of the royal forges and the director of the royal manufacturer of cloth in Châteauroux.", "Château de Bouges __knowledge__ The château was modeled after the Petit Trianon at the Palace of Versailles.", "Frog mug __knowledge__ A Frog mug, Toad mug or Surprise mug also known as an Ague mug is a type of ceramic vessel mainly used for drinking beer or similar alcoholic beverages.", "Frog mug __knowledge__ They were first produced in Sunderland before being copied in such places as Staffordshire, Worcestershire and Newcastle.", "Frog mug __knowledge__ These mugs were part of the tradition of drinking games such as fuddling cups and puzzle jugs.", "Frog mug __knowledge__ In this case the drinking vessels featured one or more painted or three-dimensional ceramic frogs or toads that slowly emerged at the bottom of the vessel it was drained.", "Frog mug __knowledge__ These practical joke mugs containing frogs or toads date from circa 1775 and continued to be popular until the end of the 19th century.", "Starbucks collectibles __knowledge__ Starbucks Collectibles are products manufactured by Starbucks Corporation and include Starbucks' cards, Starbucks' mugs, Starbucks' posters, and almost anything and everything manufactured or printed by Starbucks Corporation.", "Starbucks collectibles __knowledge__ The Starbucks Collectibles secondary market has existed since the inception of Starbucks and the Starbucks card collectible trading market has existed since the first Starbucks card was manufactured in 2001.", "Starbucks collectibles __knowledge__ In the month of May 2013, there were between 26,000 and 37,000 Starbucks' item auctions on eBay every day.", "Starbucks collectibles __knowledge__ In the summer of 2013, auctions for Starbucks rose to over 40,000 auctions daily.", "Point guard __knowledge__ The point guard (PG), also called the one or point, is one of the five positions in a regulation basketball game.", "Point guard __knowledge__ A point guard has perhaps the most specialized role of any position.", "Point guard __knowledge__ Point guards are expected to run the team's offense by controlling the ball and making sure that it gets to the right players at the right time.", "Point guard __knowledge__ Above all, the point guard must totally understand and accept their coach's game plan; in this way, the position can be compared to a quarterback in American football or a playmaker in association football (soccer).", "Point guard __knowledge__ While the guard must understand and accept the coach's gameplan, he must also be able to adapt to what the defense is allowing, and he also must control the pace of the game.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ The manga and anime series \"Slam Dunk\" features a cast of fictional characters created by Takehiko Inoue.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in Japan, with the main characters being high school basketball players from Kanagawa Prefecture.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ It tells the story of Hanamichi Sakuragi, a teenager who falls in love with Haruko Akagi after being rejected by 50 other girls.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ However, as Haruko is in love with Kaede Rukawa, a popular and talented basketball player, Sakuragi decides to join the Shohoku High School basketball team to surpass Rukawa and make Haruko fall in love with him.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ As he starts learning how to play basketball, Sakuragi starts liking the sport and resolves to become the best player.", "Gary Payton __knowledge__ Gary Dwayne Payton (born July 23, 1968) is an American former professional basketball player.", "Gary Payton __knowledge__ He started at the point guard position.", "Gary Payton __knowledge__ He is best known for his 13-year tenure with the Seattle SuperSonics, and holds Seattle franchise records in points, assists, and steals.", "Gary Payton __knowledge__ He also played with the Milwaukee Bucks, Los Angeles Lakers, Boston Celtics and Miami Heat, the last with whom he won an NBA championship.", "Gary Payton __knowledge__ He was nicknamed \"The Glove\" for his excellent defensive ability.", "Gary Payton __knowledge__ He was inducted into the Naismith Basketball Hall of Fame on September 8, 2013.", "Gary Payton __knowledge__ Payton is widely considered one of the best point guards of all time and is the only point guard that has won the NBA Defensive Player of the Year award.", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ Jeremy Shu-How Lin (born August 23, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Brooklyn Nets of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ He unexpectedly led a winning turnaround with the New York Knicks in 2012, which generated a global craze known as \"Linsanity\".", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ Lin grew up in the San Francisco Bay Area and earned Northern California Player of the Year honors as a senior in high school.", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ After receiving no athletic scholarship offers, he attended Harvard University, where he was a three-time All-Conference player in the Ivy League.", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ Undrafted out of college, Lin reached a partially guaranteed contract deal in 2010 with his hometown Golden State Warriors.", "Trey Burke __knowledge__ Alfonso Clark \"Trey\" Burke III (born November 12, 1992) is an American professional basketball player for the New York Knicks of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Trey Burke __knowledge__ He was drafted by the Minnesota Timberwolves with the 9th overall pick in the 2013 NBA draft and immediately traded to the Utah Jazz.", "Trey Burke __knowledge__ He has also played with the Washington Wizards.", "Trey Burke __knowledge__ He played college basketball for the Michigan Wolverines of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).", "Trey Burke __knowledge__ As a sophomore during the 2012–13 season, he earned National Player of the Year and led his team to the championship game of the 2013 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ Richard Dwight \"Richie\" Farmer (born August 25, 1969) is an American former collegiate basketball player and Republican Party politician from the U.S. state of Kentucky.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ He served as the Kentucky Agriculture Commissioner from 2004 to 2012 and was the running mate of David L. Williams in the 2011 gubernatorial election.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ After leaving office, Farmer was investigated for violating state campaign finance laws and misappropriating state resources and was sentenced to 27 months in federal prison along with a concurrent 12 months in state prison.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ A point guard, Farmer led Clay County High School to the 1987 Kentucky High School Athletic Association (KHSAA) State Basketball Championship and, in 1988, was named Kentucky Mr. Basketball and Kentucky Associated Press Male High School Athlete of the Year after setting a championship game record with 51 points in a losing effort.", "Basketball positions __knowledge__ The five basketball positions normally employed by organized basketball teams are the point guard (PG), the shooting guard (SG), the small forward (SF), the power forward (PF), and the center (C).", "Basketball positions __knowledge__ Typically, the point guard is the leader of the team when on the court.", "Basketball positions __knowledge__ This position requires substantial ball handling skills and the ability to facilitate the team during a play.", "Basketball positions __knowledge__ The shooting guard, as the name implies, is often the best shooter and is probably capable of shooting accurately from longer distances.", "Basketball positions __knowledge__ Generally, they also have good ball-handling skills.", "Basketball positions __knowledge__ The small forward often has an aggressive approach to the basket when handling the ball." ] ]

[ 6, 0, 25, 0 ]

[ "I love hiking! It's a popular activity that a lot of my friends do. When I travel, I try to go hiking if its available. What outdoors activity do you like doing?", "What aspect about basketball do you like the most?", "I've been told that the point guard has probably the most specialized role of any position in basketball! Any famous point guards that you like watching play?", "Oh I am not sure who Mugs Bouges is, what team did he play on?" ]

[ "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking" ]

[ "Guitar\nI love the guitar. ", "Yes. I have played the guitar hero. I don't know how play well on that either. Do you know anything about different types of guitars?", "Yes; but are their not different types like a classical guitar, and an electric guitar? That sort of thing?", "How about electric guitars? Those are my favorite. What can you tell me about them?", "That is cool. I love to hear both the classical and electric guitars played. Each one has their own special sound to them. Do you know any famous guitar players, or have a favorite guitarist that you listen to?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "Guitar Hero __knowledge__ The Guitar Hero series (sometimes referred to as the Hero series) is a series of music rhythm games first published in 2005 by RedOctane and Harmonix, and distributed by Activision, in which players use a guitar-shaped game controller to simulate playing lead, bass guitar, and rhythm guitar across numerous rock music songs.", "Guitar Hero __knowledge__ Players match notes that scroll on-screen to colored fret buttons on the controller, strumming the controller in time to the music in order to score points, and keep the virtual audience excited.", "Guitar Hero __knowledge__ The games attempt to mimic many features of playing a real guitar, including the use of fast-fingering hammer-ons and pull-offs and the use of the whammy bar to alter the pitch of notes.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ Courtney Michelle Love (born Courtney Michelle Harrison; July 9, 1964) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and visual artist.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ A notable presence in the punk and grunge scenes of the 1990s, Love has enjoyed a career that spans four decades.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ She rose to prominence as the frontwoman of the alternative rock band Hole, which she formed in 1989.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ Love has drawn public attention for her uninhibited live performances and confrontational lyrics, as well as her highly publicized personal life following her marriage to Kurt Cobain.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ The daughter of Hank Harrison and psychotherapist Linda Carroll, Love had an itinerant early life.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ George Harrison (25 February 1943 – 29 November 2001) was an English guitarist, singer-songwriter, and producer who achieved international fame as the lead guitarist of the Beatles.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ Often referred to as \"the quiet Beatle\", Harrison embraced Indian culture and helped broaden the scope of popular music through his incorporation of Indian instrumentation and Hindu-aligned spirituality in the Beatles' work.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ Although the majority of the band's songs were written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney, most Beatles albums from 1965 onwards contained at least two Harrison compositions.", "George Harrison __knowledge__ His songs for the group included \"Taxman\", \"Within You Without You\", \"While My Guitar Gently Weeps\", \"Here Comes the Sun\" and \"Something\", the last of which became the Beatles' second-most covered song.", "Steve Vai __knowledge__ Steven Siro Vai (; born June 6, 1960) is an American guitarist, composer, singer, songwriter, and producer.", "Steve Vai __knowledge__ He was voted the \"10th Greatest Guitarist\" by \"Guitar World\" magazine, and has sold over 15 million records.", "Steve Vai __knowledge__ A three-time Grammy Award winner and fifteen-time nominee, Vai started his music career in 1978 at the age of 18 as a transcriptionist for Frank Zappa, and joined his band from 1980 to 1983.", "Steve Vai __knowledge__ He embarked on a solo career in 1983 and has released eight solo albums to date.", "Steve Vai __knowledge__ He has recorded and toured with Alcatrazz, David Lee Roth, Whitesnake, as well as having recorded with artists such as Mary J. Blige, Spinal Tap, and Ozzy Osbourne.", "Eric Clapton __knowledge__ Eric Patrick Clapton, (born 1945), is an English rock and blues guitarist, singer, and songwriter.", "Eric Clapton __knowledge__ He is the only three-time inductee to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame: once as a solo artist and separately as a member of the Yardbirds and of Cream.", "Eric Clapton __knowledge__ Clapton has been referred to as one of the most important and influential guitarists of all time.", "Eric Clapton __knowledge__ Clapton ranked second in \"Rolling Stone\" magazine's list of the \"100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time\" and fourth in Gibson's \"Top 50 Guitarists of All Time\".", "Eric Clapton __knowledge__ He was also named number five in \"Time\" magazine's list of \"The 10 Best Electric Guitar Players\" in 2009.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ James Marshall \"Jimi\" Hendrix (born Johnny Allen Hendrix; November 27, 1942 – September 18, 1970) was an American rock guitarist, singer, and songwriter.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ Although his mainstream career spanned only four years, he is widely regarded as one of the most influential electric guitarists in the history of popular music, and one of the most celebrated musicians of the 20th century.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes him as \"arguably the greatest instrumentalist in the history of rock music\".", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ Born in Seattle, Washington, Hendrix began playing guitar at the age of 15.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ In 1961, he enlisted in the U.S. Army and trained as a paratrooper in the 101st Airborne Division; he was granted an honorable discharge the following year.", "Guitar Hero 5 __knowledge__ Guitar Hero 5 (initially referred to as Guitar Hero V) is a music rhythm game and the fifth main entry in the \"Guitar Hero\" series.", "Guitar Hero 5 __knowledge__ The game was developed by Neversoft and published by Activision, and released internationally in September 2009 for the Xbox 360, PlayStation 2, 3 and Wii consoles.", "Guitar Hero 5 __knowledge__ Similar to the preceding title, \"Guitar Hero World Tour\", \"Guitar Hero 5\" is geared towards playing in a four-person band experience, including lead and bass guitar, drums, and vocals.", "Guitar Hero 5 __knowledge__ The game is available as a standalone title, allowing players to use existing compatible instrument controllers, and as a bundle that provides these controllers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "Guitar Hero __knowledge__ The Guitar Hero series (sometimes referred to as the Hero series) is a series of music rhythm games first published in 2005 by RedOctane and Harmonix, and distributed by Activision, in which players use a guitar-shaped game controller to simulate playing lead, bass guitar, and rhythm guitar across numerous rock music songs.", "Guitar Hero __knowledge__ Players match notes that scroll on-screen to colored fret buttons on the controller, strumming the controller in time to the music in order to score points, and keep the virtual audience excited.", "Guitar Hero __knowledge__ The games attempt to mimic many features of playing a real guitar, including the use of fast-fingering hammer-ons and pull-offs and the use of the whammy bar to alter the pitch of notes.", "Guitar Hero 5 __knowledge__ Guitar Hero 5 (initially referred to as Guitar Hero V) is a music rhythm game and the fifth main entry in the \"Guitar Hero\" series.", "Guitar Hero 5 __knowledge__ The game was developed by Neversoft and published by Activision, and released internationally in September 2009 for the Xbox 360, PlayStation 2, 3 and Wii consoles.", "Guitar Hero 5 __knowledge__ Similar to the preceding title, \"Guitar Hero World Tour\", \"Guitar Hero 5\" is geared towards playing in a four-person band experience, including lead and bass guitar, drums, and vocals.", "Guitar Hero 5 __knowledge__ The game is available as a standalone title, allowing players to use existing compatible instrument controllers, and as a bundle that provides these controllers.", "Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock __knowledge__ Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock (initially referred to as Guitar Hero 6 or Guitar Hero VI) is a music video game developed by Neversoft and published by Activision.", "Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock __knowledge__ It was the sixth main entry in the \"Guitar Hero\" series, and was released in September 2010 for PlayStation 3, Wii (ported by Vicarious Visions), and Xbox 360.", "Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock __knowledge__ Similar to previous entries in the franchise, it is geared towards playing in a four-person band experience, including lead and bass guitar, drums, and vocals.", "Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock __knowledge__ The game is available as a standalone title, allowing players to use existing compatible instrument controllers, and as a bundle that provides these controllers.", "Guitar Hero World Tour __knowledge__ Guitar Hero World Tour (initially referred to as Guitar Hero IV or Guitar Hero IV: World Tour) is a music rhythm game developed by Neversoft, published by Activision and distributed by RedOctane.", "Guitar Hero World Tour __knowledge__ It is the fourth main entry in the \"Guitar Hero\" series.", "Guitar Hero World Tour __knowledge__ The game was launched in North America in October 2008 for the PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, Wii, and Xbox 360 consoles, and a month later for Europe and Australia.", "Guitar Hero World Tour __knowledge__ A version of \"World Tour\" for Microsoft Windows and Apple Macintosh was later released.", "Guitar Hero World Tour __knowledge__ While the game continues to feature the use of a guitar-shaped controller to simulate the playing of rock music, \"Guitar Hero World Tour\" is the first game in the \"Guitar Hero\" series to feature drum and microphone controllers for percussion and vocal parts, similar in manner to the competing \"Rock Band\" series of games.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Rock Band is a series of music video games developed by Harmonix and MTV Games, and distributed by Electronic Arts for the Nintendo DS, iOS, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, PSP, Wii, Xbox One and Xbox 360 game systems.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ The series, inspired by Harmonix's previous efforts on the \"Guitar Hero\" series, allows up to four players to simulate the performance of popular rock music songs by playing with controllers modeled after musical instruments.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Players can play the lead guitar, bass guitar, keyboard, and drums parts to songs, as well as sing into a USB microphone.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Players are scored on their ability to match scrolling musical notes while playing instruments, and by their ability to match the singer's pitch on vocals.", "Guitar Hero Live __knowledge__ Guitar Hero Live is a music video game developed by FreeStyleGames and published by Activision.", "Guitar Hero Live __knowledge__ It was released for PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Wii U, Xbox 360, and Xbox One in October 2015 and to iOS devices including Apple TV in November 2015.", "Guitar Hero Live __knowledge__ As with previous games in the series, the goal is to use a special guitar controller to match fret patterns displayed on a scrolling note pattern on screen in time with the music.", "Guitar Hero Live __knowledge__ The game serves as a reboot of the \"Guitar Hero\" franchise, being the first new entry in the series since \"\" in 2010 and the seventh installment overall.", "Guitar Hero Live __knowledge__ Activision wanted to bring back \"Guitar Hero\" for the next generation of video game consoles but wanted the new game to be innovative.", "Cultural impact of the Guitar Hero series __knowledge__ \"Guitar Hero\" is a series of rhythm video games published by Activision in which players use guitar-shaped controllers to mimic the playing of numerous popular rock music songs in a score attack gameplay; later games in the series have included support for both drums and vocals and playing as a full band.", "Cultural impact of the Guitar Hero series __knowledge__ With over $2 billion in total sales worldwide, the game series has made a significant cultural impact, becoming a \"cultural phenomenon\" and recognizable in the popular culture.", "Cultural impact of the Guitar Hero series __knowledge__ The series has been found to influence younger players into learning real instruments, and has found application within the health care industry to help recovering patients.", "Rhythm game accessories __knowledge__ Rhythm game accessories are often required to play rhythm games available for various consoles, such as the PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, Wii, and Xbox 360.", "Rhythm game accessories __knowledge__ These include dance pads, guitar controllers, drum controllers, microphones and turntable controllers.", "Rhythm game accessories __knowledge__ With the exception of microphones, these controllers can generally be used to control any game (rhythm or otherwise), but have limited inputs, making them impractical for most games.", "Rhythm game accessories __knowledge__ Rhythm game controllers are generally cross-compatible with other rhythm games.", "Rhythm game accessories __knowledge__ For example, the drum-kit controller included with \"Guitar Hero World Tour\" functions properly when used in \"Rock Band\" games.", "Rock Band 3 __knowledge__ Rock Band 3 is a 2010 music video game developed by Harmonix.", "Rock Band 3 __knowledge__ The game was initially published and distributed by MTV Games and Electronic Arts, respectively, in late October 2010.", "Rock Band 3 __knowledge__ Mad Catz took over both roles and re-released the title on November 23, 2011.", "Rock Band 3 __knowledge__ It is the third main game in the \"Rock Band\" series.", "Rock Band 3 __knowledge__ As with the previous titles, \"Rock Band 3\" allows players to simulate the playing of rock music and many other subgenres using special instrument controllers mimicking lead and bass guitar, drums, and vocals.", "Rock Band 3 __knowledge__ \"Rock Band 3\" expands upon previous games by including three-part vocal harmonies — previously used in \"\" and \"\" (up to 3 singers on a song) — plus support for MIDI-compatible keyboards, electronic drumkits, and even use of a real guitar in \"Pro\" mode.", "Guitar Hero (video game) __knowledge__ Guitar Hero is a music rhythm video game developed by Harmonix and published by RedOctane for the PlayStation 2 video game console.", "Guitar Hero (video game) __knowledge__ It is the first entry in the \"Guitar Hero\" series.", "Guitar Hero (video game) __knowledge__ \"Guitar Hero\" was released on November 8, 2005 in North America, April 7, 2006 in Europe and June 15, 2006 in Australia.", "Guitar Hero (video game) __knowledge__ The game's development was a result of collaboration between RedOctane and Harmonix to bring a \"Guitar Freaks\"-like game to America.", "Guitar Hero (video game) __knowledge__ The game features a guitar-shaped controller (resembling a miniature Gibson SG) that the player uses to simulate playing rock music.", "Guitar Hero (video game) __knowledge__ The gameplay is similar to \"GuitarFreaks\", in that the player presses buttons on the guitar controller in time with musical notes that scroll on the game screen." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ The classical guitar (also known as concert guitar, classical acoustic, nylon-string guitar, or Spanish guitar) is the member of the guitar family used in classical music.", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ It is an acoustical wooden guitar with strings made of nylon, rather than the metal strings used in acoustic and electric guitars.", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ The traditional classical guitar has twelve frets clear of the body and is held on the left leg, so that the hand that plucks or strums the strings does so near the back of the soundhole (this is called the classical position).", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ The modern steel string guitar, on the other hand, usually has fourteen frets clear of the body (see Dreadnought) and is commonly played off the hip.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "Guitar solo __knowledge__ A guitar solo is a melodic passage, instrumental section, or entire piece of music written for a classical guitar, electric guitar or an acoustic guitar.", "Guitar solo __knowledge__ In 20th and 21st century traditional music and popular music such as blues, swing, jazz, jazz fusion, rock and metal guitar solos often contain virtuoso techniques and varying degrees of improvisation.", "Guitar solo __knowledge__ Guitar solos on classical guitar, which are typically written in musical notation, are also used in classical music forms such as chamber music and concertos.", "Guitar solo __knowledge__ Guitar solos range from unaccompanied works for a single guitar to compositions with accompaniment from a few other instruments or a large ensemble.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar (also known as electric bass, or bass) is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb, by plucking, slapping, popping, strumming, tapping, thumping, or picking with a plectrum, often known as a pick.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to an electric guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length, and four to six strings or courses.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The four-string bass, by far the most common, is usually tuned the same as the double bass, which corresponds to pitches one octave lower than the four lowest pitched strings of a guitar (E, A, D, and G).", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is a transposing instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds.", "Andreas Paolo Perger __knowledge__ ] Andreas Paolo Perger (born 1970 in Munich, Germany) is a contemporary Austrian guitarist, improviser, and composer of German-Polish and Austrian-Italian descent.", "Andreas Paolo Perger __knowledge__ His work, autobiographical in nature, is drawing from a variety of traditional and contemporary musical influences like contemporary jazz, new music, improvised music, and electronic music.", "Andreas Paolo Perger __knowledge__ Andreas Paolo Perger established a variable and open concept of guitar playing, improvising and composing, focusing on the constant recognizable progression of the originating music within a frequently changing spatial and social environment.", "Andreas Paolo Perger __knowledge__ He plays the 5.1 Surround Guitar and the classical concert guitar.", "Fingerstyle guitar __knowledge__ Fingerstyle guitar is the technique of playing the guitar by plucking the strings directly with the fingertips, fingernails, or picks attached to fingers, as opposed to flatpicking (plucking individual notes with a single plectrum, commonly called a \"pick\").", "Fingerstyle guitar __knowledge__ The term \"fingerstyle\" is something of a misnomer, since it is present in several different genres and styles of music—but mostly, because it involves a completely different technique, not just a \"style\" of playing, especially for the guitarist's picking/plucking hand.", "Fingerstyle guitar __knowledge__ The term is often used synonymously with fingerpicking, although fingerpicking can also refer to a specific tradition of folk, blues and country guitar playing in the US.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass, or simply the bass (and numerous other names), is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra.", "Double bass __knowledge__ It is a transposing instrument and is typically notated one octave higher than tuned to avoid excessive ledger lines below the staff.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass is the only modern bowed string instrument that is tuned in fourths (like a viol), rather than fifths, with strings usually tuned to E, A, D and G. The instrument's exact lineage is still a matter of some debate, with scholars divided on whether the bass is derived from the viol or the violin family.", "Russian guitar __knowledge__ The Russian guitar (sometimes referred to as a \"Gypsy guitar\") is an acoustic seven-string guitar that was developed in Russia toward the end of the 18th century: it shares most of its organological features with the Spanish guitar, although some historians insist on English guitar ascendancy.", "Russian guitar __knowledge__ It is known in Russian as the semistrunnaya gitara (\"семиструнная гитара\"), or affectionately as the semistrunka (\"семиструнка\"), which translates to \"seven-stringer.\"", "Russian guitar __knowledge__ These guitars are most commonly tuned to an Open G chord as follows: D2 G2 B2 D3 G3 B3 D4.", "Russian guitar __knowledge__ In classical literature, the lowest string (D) occasionally is tuned down to the C. Although in a number of sources the invention of the Russian guitar is attributed to Andrei Sychra (1773–1850), there are strong reasons to believe that the instrument was already in use when Sychra began his career.", "Regular tuning __knowledge__ Among alternative guitar-tunings, regular tunings have equal musical intervals between the paired notes of their successive open strings.", "Regular tuning __knowledge__ \"Guitar tunings\" assign pitches to the open strings of guitars.", "Regular tuning __knowledge__ Tunings can be described by the particular pitches that are denoted by notes in Western music.", "Regular tuning __knowledge__ By convention, the notes are ordered from lowest to highest.", "Regular tuning __knowledge__ The \"standard tuning\" defines the string pitches as E, A, D, G, B, and E. Between the open-strings of the standard tuning are three perfect-fourths (E-A, A-D, D-G), then the major third G-B, and the fourth perfect-fourth B-E.", "Regular tuning __knowledge__ In contrast, regular tunings have constant intervals between their successive open-strings: For the regular tunings, chords may be moved \"diagonally\" around the fretboard, as well as \"vertically\" for the repetitive regular tunings (minor thirds, major thirds, and augmented fourths)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "Guild Guitar Company __knowledge__ The Guild Guitar Company is a United States-based guitar manufacturer founded in 1952 by Alfred Dronge, a guitarist and music-store owner, and George Mann, a former executive with the Epiphone Guitar Company.", "Guild Guitar Company __knowledge__ The brand name currently exists as a brand under Córdoba Music Group.", "Guild Guitar Company __knowledge__ The first Guild workshop was located in Manhattan, New York, where Dronge (who soon took over full ownership) focused on electric and acoustic archtop jazz guitars.", "Guild Guitar Company __knowledge__ Rapid expansion forced the company to move to much larger quarters, on Newark St. in Hoboken, New Jersey, in the old R. Neumann Leathers building.", "Guild Guitar Company __knowledge__ The advent of the folk music craze in the early '60s had shifted the company into production of an important line of acoustic folk and blues guitars, including a dreadnought series (D-40, D-50 and, later, D-55) that competed successfully with Martin's D-18 and D-28 models, and jumbo and Grand Concert \"F\" models that were particularly popular with blues guitarists like Dave Van Ronk.", "Fender Musical Instruments Corporation __knowledge__ Fender Musical Instruments Corporation (FMIC), commonly referred to simply as Fender, is an American manufacturer of stringed instruments and amplifiers.", "Fender Musical Instruments Corporation __knowledge__ Fender Guitars are among the most recognized in the world.", "Fender Musical Instruments Corporation __knowledge__ Fender is famous for its solid-body electric guitars and bass guitars, such as the Stratocaster (also known as the \"Strat\"), Telecaster (also known as the \"Tele\"), Precision Bass (also known as the \"P-Bass\"), and the Jazz Bass (also known as the \"J-Bass\").", "Fender Musical Instruments Corporation __knowledge__ Its headquarters are in Scottsdale, Arizona.", "Fender Musical Instruments Corporation __knowledge__ The company, previously named the Fender Electric Instrument Manufacturing Company, was founded in Fullerton, California, by Clarence Leonidas \"Leo\" Fender in 1946.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar (also known as electric bass, or bass) is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb, by plucking, slapping, popping, strumming, tapping, thumping, or picking with a plectrum, often known as a pick.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to an electric guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length, and four to six strings or courses.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The four-string bass, by far the most common, is usually tuned the same as the double bass, which corresponds to pitches one octave lower than the four lowest pitched strings of a guitar (E, A, D, and G).", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is a transposing instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds.", "Rickenbacker __knowledge__ Rickenbacker International Corporation, also known as Rickenbacker, is an electric string instrument manufacturer based in Santa Ana, California.", "Rickenbacker __knowledge__ In 1932, the company became the world's first to produce electric guitars and eventually produced a range of electric guitars and bass guitars.", "Rickenbacker __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1931 as the Ro-Pat-In Corporation (ElectRo-Patent-Instruments) by Adolph Rickenbacher and George Beauchamp in order to sell electric Hawaiian guitars.", "Rickenbacker __knowledge__ These instruments had been designed by Beauchamp, assisted at the National String Instrument Corporation by Paul Barth and Harry Watson.", "Electric guitar design __knowledge__ Electric guitar design is a type of industrial design where the looks and efficiency of the shape as well as the acoustical aspects of the guitar are important factors.", "Electric guitar design __knowledge__ In the past many guitars have been designed with all kinds of odd shapes as well as very practical and convenient solutions to improve the usability of the object.", "Electric guitar design __knowledge__ George Beauchamp invented the electric guitar by designing a lap steel guitar with a pickup.", "Electric guitar design __knowledge__ The first electrified fretted guitars were hollow-bodied archtop acoustic guitars to which some form of electromagnetic transducer had been attached.", "Electric guitar design __knowledge__ Electric guitars were originally designed by an assortment of luthiers, electronics enthusiasts, and instrument manufacturers, in varying combinations.", "Classical guitar making __knowledge__ A person who is specialized in the making of stringed instruments such as guitars, lutes and violins is called a luthier.", "Classical guitar making __knowledge__ In general one can distinguish three main aspects of guitar making: Fernando Sor has written that an instrument-maker \"\"should be an accurate draughtsman, understand the common principles of mechanics, the composition and resolution of forces, and the laws of vibrating strings and surfaces\"\".", "Classical guitar making __knowledge__ This shaping of the wood is known as \"resonance plate tuning\" (or \"plate tuning\").", "Classical guitar making __knowledge__ It refers to a comprehensive tuning of the wood and bracing (its density, thickness, tension, sound-influence) to influence the acoustic properties.", "Matsumoku __knowledge__ Matsumoku Industrial was a Japanese manufacturing company in Matsumoto, Japan, between 1951 and 1987.", "Matsumoku __knowledge__ Established in 1951 as a woodworking manufacturer of various items,Matsumoku is today best known as a manufacturer of guitars and bass guitars, including some Epiphone and Aria guitars.", "Matsumoku __knowledge__ In 1951, Matsumoku was founded as \"Matsumoto Mokko\" (\"Matsumoto Woodworking Company\") by Mr. Tsukada in Matsumoto, Japan.", "Matsumoku __knowledge__ It was a family owned woodworking business that specialized in building tansu and butsudan.", "Matsumoku __knowledge__ On the other hand, shortly after the World War II (1939-1945), the Singer Corporation had established a Japanese subsidiary, Singer Sewing Machine Company, Japan, and set up production facilities in Nagoya.", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ The classical guitar (also known as concert guitar, classical acoustic, nylon-string guitar, or Spanish guitar) is the member of the guitar family used in classical music.", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ It is an acoustical wooden guitar with strings made of nylon, rather than the metal strings used in acoustic and electric guitars.", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ The traditional classical guitar has twelve frets clear of the body and is held on the left leg, so that the hand that plucks or strums the strings does so near the back of the soundhole (this is called the classical position).", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ The modern steel string guitar, on the other hand, usually has fourteen frets clear of the body (see Dreadnought) and is commonly played off the hip.", "Flamenco guitar __knowledge__ A flamenco guitar is a guitar similar to a classical guitar but with thinner tops and less internal bracing.", "Flamenco guitar __knowledge__ It is used in \"toque\", the guitar-playing part of the art of flamenco.", "Flamenco guitar __knowledge__ Traditionally, luthiers made guitars to sell at a wide ranges of prices, largely based on the materials used and the amount of decorations, to cater to the popularity of the instrument across all classes of people in Spain.", "Flamenco guitar __knowledge__ The cheapest guitars were often simple, basic instruments made from the less expensive woods such as cypress.", "Flamenco guitar __knowledge__ Antonio de Torres, one of the most renowned luthiers, did not differentiate between flamenco and classical guitars.", "Seven-string guitar __knowledge__ The seven-string guitar adds one additional string to the more common six-string guitar, commonly used to extend the bass range (usually a low B) or also to extend the treble range.", "Seven-string guitar __knowledge__ The additional string is added in one of two different ways: by increasing the width of the fingerboard such that the additional string may be fretted by the left hand; or, by leaving the fingerboard unchanged and adding a \"floating\" bass string.", "Seven-string guitar __knowledge__ In the latter case, the extra bass string lies next to the existing bass strings, but free of the fingerboard in similar fashion as the archlute and theorbo.", "Seven-string guitar __knowledge__ Such unfrettable bass strings were historically known as diapasons or bourdons." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar (also known as electric bass, or bass) is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb, by plucking, slapping, popping, strumming, tapping, thumping, or picking with a plectrum, often known as a pick.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to an electric guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length, and four to six strings or courses.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The four-string bass, by far the most common, is usually tuned the same as the double bass, which corresponds to pitches one octave lower than the four lowest pitched strings of a guitar (E, A, D, and G).", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is a transposing instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds.", "Eric Clapton __knowledge__ Eric Patrick Clapton, (born 1945), is an English rock and blues guitarist, singer, and songwriter.", "Eric Clapton __knowledge__ He is the only three-time inductee to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame: once as a solo artist and separately as a member of the Yardbirds and of Cream.", "Eric Clapton __knowledge__ Clapton has been referred to as one of the most important and influential guitarists of all time.", "Eric Clapton __knowledge__ Clapton ranked second in \"Rolling Stone\" magazine's list of the \"100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time\" and fourth in Gibson's \"Top 50 Guitarists of All Time\".", "Eric Clapton __knowledge__ He was also named number five in \"Time\" magazine's list of \"The 10 Best Electric Guitar Players\" in 2009.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ A bass amplifier or \"bass amp\" is a musical instrument electronic device that uses electrical power to make lower-pitched instruments such as the bass guitar or double bass loud enough to be heard by the performers and audience.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ Bass amps typically consist of a preamplifier, tone controls, a power amplifier and one or more loudspeakers (\"drivers\") in a cabinet.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ While bass amps share many features with the guitar amplifiers used for electric guitar, such as providing an amplifier with tone and volume controls and a carrying handle, they are distinct from other types of amplification systems, due to the particular challenges associated with low-frequency sound reproduction.", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ The classical guitar (also known as concert guitar, classical acoustic, nylon-string guitar, or Spanish guitar) is the member of the guitar family used in classical music.", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ It is an acoustical wooden guitar with strings made of nylon, rather than the metal strings used in acoustic and electric guitars.", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ The traditional classical guitar has twelve frets clear of the body and is held on the left leg, so that the hand that plucks or strums the strings does so near the back of the soundhole (this is called the classical position).", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ The modern steel string guitar, on the other hand, usually has fourteen frets clear of the body (see Dreadnought) and is commonly played off the hip.", "Stevie Ray Vaughan __knowledge__ Stephen Ray Vaughan (October 3, 1954 – August 27, 1990) was an American musician, singer, songwriter, and record producer.", "Stevie Ray Vaughan __knowledge__ In spite of a short-lived mainstream career spanning seven years, he was one of the most influential guitarists in the revival of blues in the 1980s.", "Stevie Ray Vaughan __knowledge__ AllMusic describes him as \"a rocking powerhouse of a guitarist who gave blues a burst of momentum in the '80s, with influence still felt long after his tragic death.\"", "Stevie Ray Vaughan __knowledge__ Born and raised in Dallas, Texas, Vaughan began playing guitar at the age of seven, inspired by his older brother Jimmie.", "Stevie Ray Vaughan __knowledge__ In 1971 he dropped out of high school, and moved to Austin the following year.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass, or simply the bass (and numerous other names), is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra.", "Double bass __knowledge__ It is a transposing instrument and is typically notated one octave higher than tuned to avoid excessive ledger lines below the staff.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass is the only modern bowed string instrument that is tuned in fourths (like a viol), rather than fifths, with strings usually tuned to E, A, D and G. The instrument's exact lineage is still a matter of some debate, with scholars divided on whether the bass is derived from the viol or the violin family.", "Pickup (music technology) __knowledge__ A pickup device is a transducer (specifically a variable reluctance sensor) that captures or senses mechanical vibrations produced by musical instruments, particularly stringed instruments such as the electric guitar, electric bass guitar, Chapman Stick, or electric violin, and converts them to an electrical signal that is amplified using an instrument amplifier (such as a guitar amplifier) to produce musical sounds through a loudspeaker in a speaker enclosure.", "Pickup (music technology) __knowledge__ The signal from a pickup can also be recorded directly, using a DI box (a common practice with the electric bass) or broadcast on the radio or television." ] ]

[ 10, 1, 0, 8, 17 ]

[ "I do too but I can't play, so I pretend to play on guitar hero the game. It mimics the features of playing a real guitar. ", "I know that most guitars usually have about six strings to them. ", "Yeah classical guitars have a wooden frame around them and are considered acoustic. ", "Its pretty much just like a classical guitar but has electric pickups that convert the vibration of the the strings into electrical signals that are played through an amp to make music. ", "Eric clapton is one of my favorites, he was a blues guitarist back in the day. " ]

[ "Guitar", "Guitar", "Guitar", "Guitar", "Guitar" ]

[ "Meatloaf", "I actually dont think ive ever had meatloaf surprisingly enough", "Oh wow its german? it is so popular in america i wouldnt have thought so" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is a dish of ground meat mixed with other ingredients and formed into a loaf shape, then baked or smoked.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ The shape is created by either cooking it in a loaf pan, or forming it by hand on a flat pan.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is usually made from ground beef, although lamb, pork, veal, venison, poultry and seafood are also used.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf of minced meat was mentioned in the Roman cookery collection \"Apicius\" as early as the 5th century.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is a traditional German, Scandinavian and Belgian dish, and it is a cousin to the Dutch meatball.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ American meatloaf has its origins in scrapple, a mixture of ground pork and cornmeal served by German-Americans in Pennsylvania since Colonial times.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf in the contemporary American sense did not appear in cookbooks until the late 19th century.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ In the Turkish cuisine there is a meatloaf with vegetables dish called \"dalyan köfte\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is a dish of ground meat mixed with other ingredients and formed into a loaf shape, then baked or smoked.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ The shape is created by either cooking it in a loaf pan, or forming it by hand on a flat pan.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is usually made from ground beef, although lamb, pork, veal, venison, poultry and seafood are also used.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf of minced meat was mentioned in the Roman cookery collection \"Apicius\" as early as the 5th century.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is a traditional German, Scandinavian and Belgian dish, and it is a cousin to the Dutch meatball.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ American meatloaf has its origins in scrapple, a mixture of ground pork and cornmeal served by German-Americans in Pennsylvania since Colonial times.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf in the contemporary American sense did not appear in cookbooks until the late 19th century.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ In the Turkish cuisine there is a meatloaf with vegetables dish called \"dalyan köfte\".", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Sir Jonathan Paul \"Jony\" Ive, (born 27 February 1967), is an English industrial designer who is currently the chief design officer (CDO) of Apple and chancellor of the Royal College of Art in London.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ While working for a design firm in London he was asked by Apple, then a struggling company, to create a look for a new laptop.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ He took the design to Apple and was hired immediately.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive oversees the Apple Industrial Design Group and also provides leadership and direction for Human Interface software teams across the company.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive is the designer of many of Apple's hardware and software products.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive has received a number of accolades for his work.", "Epidemia __knowledge__ Epidemia (, sometimes referred to as 'Epi' by fans) is a Russian power metal band famous for doing the Elven Manuscript metal opera in 2004.", "Epidemia __knowledge__ It was formed by guitarist Yuri \"Juron\" Melisov in 1993, with the first songs made in 1995.", "Epidemia __knowledge__ The band was once nominated for an MTV Europe Music Award.", "Epidemia __knowledge__ In 1993, the as-yet unnamed group recorded the demo album \"Phoenix\", with Melisov performing both guitars and vocals.", "Epidemia __knowledge__ Melisov came up with the name \"Epidemia\" (Russian for epidemic) in 1995.", "Epidemia __knowledge__ Vocalist Pavel Okunev and guitarist-songwriter Roman Zakharov joined Epidemia to record the debut studio release \"Volya k Zhizni\" (Will to Live) a lo-fi EP with five tracks.", "Max Samosvat __knowledge__ Maxim Vyacheslavovich Samosvat () (born 15 June 1981, Moscow), is a Russian rock musician, vocalist of Mechanical Poet, (2003–2006) and Epidemia (2000–2010).", "Max Samosvat __knowledge__ His first band was Orcrist, which included future members of Epidemia: Ilya Knyazev and Roman Zakharov.", "Max Samosvat __knowledge__ Early in his career has performed with groups such as the Lady Prowler, Strangers, and Travel to the Night.", "Max Samosvat __knowledge__ Since 2000 is the vocalist in the Russian power metal band \"Epidemia\", which was replaced by Pavel Okunev (now – Arda).", "Max Samosvat __knowledge__ His first job was with the group album \"Magical Mystery Countries\" in 2001.", "Max Samosvat __knowledge__ In 2004 the group, in collaboration with other well-known Russian singers – Arthur Berkut (Aria), Lexx (Master), Andrey Lobashev (Arida Vortex), Cyril Nemolyaev (Boney NEM), Dmitry Borisenkov (Black Obelisk) – Records Russia's first metal opera, \"Elven Manuscript\", where Max played the role of Desmond – half-elf.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are an American funk rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ The group's musical style primarily consists of rock with an emphasis on funk, as well as elements from other genres such as punk rock and psychedelic rock.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ When played live, their music incorporates elements of jam band due to the improvised nature of many of their performances.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Currently, the band consists of founding members vocalist/rhythm guitarist Anthony Kiedis and bassist Flea, longtime drummer Chad Smith, and former touring guitarist Josh Klinghoffer.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are one of the best-selling bands of all time with over 80 million records sold worldwide, have been nominated for sixteen Grammy Awards, of which they have won six, and are the most successful band in alternative rock radio history, currently holding the records for most number-one singles (13), most cumulative weeks at number one (85) and most top-ten songs (25) on the \"Billboard\" Alternative Songs chart.", "Elfiiskaya rukopis __knowledge__ Elfiyskaya Rukopis' (Эльфийская Рукопись, Elven Manuscript, 2004) is a metal opera and concept album by Russian power metal band Epidemia.", "Elfiiskaya rukopis __knowledge__ Vocalists from Aria, Arida Vortex, Master, Chorny Obelisk and Boney NEM participated in the opera.", "Elfiiskaya rukopis __knowledge__ The album was produced by Vladimir Holstinin (Aria's guitarist), who also played the lute at track 4.", "Elfiiskaya rukopis __knowledge__ The scenario of the opera is an epic fantasy story, written by Yuri Melisov, lead guitarist of Epidemia.", "Elfiiskaya rukopis __knowledge__ Some parts of the story are influenced by \"Dragonlance\" and \"The Lord of the Rings\".", "Elfiiskaya rukopis __knowledge__ Desmond the half-elf grew up in the elven kingdom of Enia, hidden from the whole world by a magic barrier, and learned the magic from the king's wizard, Irdis.", "St Ive __knowledge__ St Ive ( ; ) is a village and civil parish in eastern Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The village is split into four parts: St Ive Church End, St Ive Cross, St Ive Keason and St Ive Parkfield.", "St Ive __knowledge__ In addition to the Parish an electoral ward exists stretching north of St Ive.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The population at the 2011 census was 4,246.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The parish used to be a large rural area of rolling landscape with wooded valleys and the population was sparse with the largest village being St Ive itself, sited on the A390.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The hamlet of Woolston lies to the northwest of St Ive.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The demography of the parish was radically altered with the mid-Victorian mining boom centred on Caradon Hill.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ Michael Lee Aday (born Marvin Lee Aday; September 27, 1947), better known by his stage name Meat Loaf, is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, and actor.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ His \"Bat Out of Hell\" trilogy of albums (consisting of \"Bat Out of Hell\", \"\", and \"\") has sold more than 50 million copies worldwide.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ Almost 40 years after its release, \"Bat Out of Hell\" still sells an estimated 200,000 copies annually and stayed on the charts for over nine years, making it one of the best selling albums in history.", "Meat Loaf __knowledge__ After the commercial success of \"Bat Out of Hell\" and \"Bat Out of Hell II: Back Into Hell\" and earning a Grammy Award for Best Solo Rock Vocal Performance for the song \"I'd Do Anything for Love\", Meat Loaf experienced some initial difficulty establishing a steady career within the United States.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Bat Out of Hell __knowledge__ Bat Out of Hell is the second studio album and the major-label debut by American rock singer Meat Loaf, as well as being his first collaboration with composer Jim Steinman and producer Todd Rundgren, released in September 1977 on Cleveland International/Epic Records.", "Bat Out of Hell __knowledge__ It is one of the best-selling albums of all time, having sold over 43 million copies worldwide.", "Bat Out of Hell __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" \"Magazine\" ranked it at number 343 on its list of the 500 greatest albums of all time in 2003.", "Bat Out of Hell __knowledge__ Its musical style is influenced by Steinman's appreciation of Richard Wagner, Phil Spector, Bruce Springsteen and The Who.", "Bat Out of Hell __knowledge__ \"Bat Out of Hell\" has been certified 14 times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is a dish of ground meat mixed with other ingredients and formed into a loaf shape, then baked or smoked.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ The shape is created by either cooking it in a loaf pan, or forming it by hand on a flat pan.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is usually made from ground beef, although lamb, pork, veal, venison, poultry and seafood are also used.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf of minced meat was mentioned in the Roman cookery collection \"Apicius\" as early as the 5th century.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf is a traditional German, Scandinavian and Belgian dish, and it is a cousin to the Dutch meatball.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ American meatloaf has its origins in scrapple, a mixture of ground pork and cornmeal served by German-Americans in Pennsylvania since Colonial times.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ Meatloaf in the contemporary American sense did not appear in cookbooks until the late 19th century.", "Meatloaf __knowledge__ In the Turkish cuisine there is a meatloaf with vegetables dish called \"dalyan köfte\".", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bakso __knowledge__ Bakso or baso is Indonesian meatball, or meat paste made from beef surimi.", "Bakso __knowledge__ Its texture is similar to the Chinese beef ball, fish ball, or pork ball.", "Bakso __knowledge__ The term \"bakso\" could refer to a single meatball or the whole bowl of meatballs soup.", "Bakso __knowledge__ The term mie bakso refer to bakso served with yellow noodles, while the term bakso kuah refer to bakso meatballs soup served without any noodles.", "Bakso __knowledge__ Bakso can be found all across Indonesia; from the traveling cart street vendors to restaurants.", "Bakso __knowledge__ Next to \"soto\", satay, and \"siomay\", \"bakso\" is a popular street food in Indonesia.", "Bakso __knowledge__ Today, various types of ready to cook \"bakso\" are also available as frozen food commonly sold in supermarkets in Indonesia.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Potato __knowledge__ The potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial nightshade Solanum tuberosum.", "Potato __knowledge__ \"Potato\" may be applied to both the plant and the edible tuber.", "Potato __knowledge__ Potato has become a staple food in many parts of the world and an integral part of much of the world's food supply.", "Potato __knowledge__ It is the world's fourth-largest food crop, following maize, wheat, and rice.", "Potato __knowledge__ The green leaves and green skins of tubers exposed to the light are toxic.", "Potato __knowledge__ In the Andes, where the species is indigenous, some other closely related species are cultivated.", "Potato __knowledge__ Potatoes were introduced to Europe in the second half of the 16th century by the Spanish.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "Saumagen __knowledge__ Saumagen is a German dish popular in the Palatinate.", "Saumagen __knowledge__ The name means \"sow's stomach\".", "Saumagen __knowledge__ The dish is similar to a sausage in that it consists of a stuffed casing; however, the stomach itself is integral to the dish.", "Saumagen __knowledge__ It isn't as thin as a typical sausage casing (intestines or artificial casing).", "Saumagen __knowledge__ Rather it is meat-like, being a strong muscular organ, and when the dish is finished by being pan-fried or roasted in the oven, it becomes crisp.", "Saumagen __knowledge__ The dish is somewhat similar to the Scottish haggis, although the stuffing is quite different.", "Saumagen __knowledge__ Saumagen stuffing consists of potatoes and pork, usually spiced with onions, marjoram, nutmeg and white pepper, in addition to which, various recipes also mention cloves, coriander, thyme, garlic, bay leaf, cardamom, basil, caraway, allspice, and parsley.", "Meatball __knowledge__ A meatball is ground meat rolled into a small ball, sometimes along with other ingredients, such as bread crumbs, minced onion, eggs, butter, and seasoning.", "Meatball __knowledge__ Meatballs are cooked by frying, baking, steaming, or braising in sauce.", "Meatball __knowledge__ There are many types of meatballs using different types of meats and spices.", "Meatball __knowledge__ The term is sometimes extended to meatless versions based on vegetables or fish.", "Meatball __knowledge__ The Chinese recipe \"Four Joy Meatballs\" (四喜丸子—\"Sì xǐ wánzi\") is derived from Shandong cuisine, which originated in the native cooking styles of Shandong.", "Meatball __knowledge__ Its history dates back to the Qin dynasty (221 BC to 207 BC).", "Meatball pizza __knowledge__ Meatball pizza is pizza prepared with meatballs.", "Meatball pizza __knowledge__ Meatball pizza has become increasingly popular in Upstate New York in contemporary times, and some pizzerias offer them on their menus.", "Meatball pizza __knowledge__ Some restaurants offer them as a specialty pizza.", "Meatball pizza __knowledge__ Several varieties exist, such as Tex Mex and Greek-style lamb sweet and sour.", "Meatball pizza __knowledge__ The meatballs on meatball pizzas may be sliced to reduce their size, sliced in half, or broken-up and spread on them.", "Meatball pizza __knowledge__ Meatball pizzas may be prepared in Neapolitan or deep-dish style.", "Meatball pizza __knowledge__ Some meatball pizzas incorporate meatballs into the crust of the pizza.", "Meatball pizza __knowledge__ American pizza restaurant chains that have marketed meatball pizzas include Papa John's Pizza and Pizza Hut." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 6 ]

[ "I like meatloaf. It is basically ground meat mixed with other things to form a loaf and then baked. ", "It is a German dish and is related to the Dutch inspired meatball. ", "The american version is heavily influenced by scrapple which is also a German-American invention. " ]

[ "Meatloaf", "Meatloaf", "Meatloaf" ]

[ "Plantation\nI grew up on a 100 acre farm", "My daddy still milks the cows himself. Taught me how to. We also have a lot of chickens, eggs which we sell to local markets.", "Is this lucrative? I mean are you already a millionaire?", "correct lol. Just asking because daddy was at age 40 ", "We're in the south. SC. We have a plantation house it's like a hundred years old" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Plantation __knowledge__ A plantation is a large-scale farm that specializes in cash crops.", "Plantation __knowledge__ The crops grown include cotton, coffee, tea, cocoa, sugar cane, sisal, oil seeds, oil palms, rubber trees, and fruits.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Protectionist policies and natural comparative advantage have sometimes contributed to determining where plantations were located.", "Plantation __knowledge__ A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas were often quite grand and expensive architectural works.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Among the earliest examples of plantations were the latifundia of the Roman Empire, which produced large quantities of wine and olive oil for export.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Plantation agriculture grew rapidly with the increase in international trade and the development of a worldwide economy that followed the expansion of European colonial empires.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Like every economic activity, it has changed over time.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Earlier forms of plantation agriculture were associated with large disparities of wealth and income, foreign ownership and political influence, and exploitative social systems such as indentured labor and slavery.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Industrial plantations are established to produce a high volume of wood in a short period of time.", "Pearsons Corner, Delaware __knowledge__ Pearsons Corner is an unincorporated community in Kent County, Delaware, United States.", "Pearsons Corner, Delaware __knowledge__ Pearsons Corner is located at the intersection of Delaware Route 8 and Delaware Route 44 west of Dover.", "Pearsons Corner, Delaware __knowledge__ In 2009 a cultural resource survey was undertaken by the Delaware Department of Transportation.", "Pearsons Corner, Delaware __knowledge__ This survey has illuminated early life in Pearsons Corner.", "Pearsons Corner, Delaware __knowledge__ Much of the following information is extracted from this report.", "Pearsons Corner, Delaware __knowledge__ Pearson’s Corner is located in West Dover Hundred, Kent County, Delaware, approximately ten miles west of Dover.", "Pearsons Corner, Delaware __knowledge__ What is now Kent County was originally part of the Whorekill County, as it was named by early Dutch settlers.", "Peter Hibbs __knowledge__ Peter Kenney Hibbs (c. 1757 – 12 September 1847) was an English mariner and a member of the First Fleet to Australia in 1788.", "Peter Hibbs __knowledge__ An able seaman on , Hibbs was also one of few non-convict First Fleet members known to have settled in the new Colony of New South Wales in 1788.", "Peter Hibbs __knowledge__ Hibbs also claimed to have come earlier to Australia in 1770 as a crewman onboard the HMS \"Endeavour\" with Captain James Cook, and to have stepped ashore at Botany Bay with Joseph Banks.", "Peter Hibbs __knowledge__ However no primary independent evidence exists to verify these claims.", "Peter Hibbs __knowledge__ Remaining in Australia after 1778, Hibbs played a significant role in the exploration of Tasmania and the eastern seaboard of Australia.", "Winnie the Pooh: Adventures in the 100 Acre Wood __knowledge__ Winnie the Pooh: Adventures in the 100 Acre Wood is an adventure game developed by NewKidCo and published by NewKidCo and Disney Interactive.", "Winnie the Pooh: Adventures in the 100 Acre Wood __knowledge__ It was released in North America in April 2000 for the Game Boy Color.", "Winnie the Pooh: Adventures in the 100 Acre Wood __knowledge__ The game follows Winnie the Pooh as he interacts with other characters in the wood.", "Winnie the Pooh: Adventures in the 100 Acre Wood __knowledge__ Most of the game uses a board game structure, where the player rolls a dice and draws cards to move around on the map in an attempt to explore the wood.", "Winnie the Pooh: Adventures in the 100 Acre Wood __knowledge__ The game is aimed at a younger demographic and was designed to be simple.", "Winnie the Pooh: Adventures in the 100 Acre Wood __knowledge__ It was the first Winnie the Pooh game to be released on a video game console.", "James Milson __knowledge__ James Milson (25 November 1783 – 25 October 1872) was an early settler on the North Shore of Sydney, Australia.", "James Milson __knowledge__ He was born on 25 November 1783 at Grantham, Lincolnshire, England and died at the age of 88 on 25 October 1872 at Milsons Point, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.", "James Milson __knowledge__ 23-year-old James Milson arrived in Port Jackson (Sydney) on \"Albion\" on 19 August 1806 as one of the earliest free settlers in the Colony of New South Wales.", "James Milson __knowledge__ His motivation for immigrating was the same as the many who followed him, the promise of free land.", "James Milson __knowledge__ He was a native of Lincolnshire experienced in farming and was welcomed by the colonists, desperate for men with agricultural knowledge.", "Hundred Acre Wood __knowledge__ The Hundred Acre Wood (also spelled as 100 Aker Wood, Hundred-Acre Wood, and 100 Acre Wood; also known as simply \"The Wood\"), based on the real-life \"Five Hundred Acre Wood\" in Ashdown Forest, is a part of the land inhabited by Winnie-the-Pooh and his friends in the Winnie-the-Pooh series of children's stories by author A.", "Hundred Acre Wood __knowledge__ A. Milne.", "Hundred Acre Wood __knowledge__ The wood is visited regularly by the young boy Christopher Robin, who accompanies Pooh and company on their many adventures.", "Hundred Acre Wood __knowledge__ In A.", "Hundred Acre Wood __knowledge__ A. Milne's books, the term \"Hundred Acre Wood\" is actually used for a specific part of the larger Forest, centred on Owl's house (see the map in the book, as well as numerous references in the text to the characters going \"into\" or \"out of\" the Hundred Acre Wood as they go between Owl's house and other Forest locations).", "Joseph Plumb Martin __knowledge__ Joseph \"Plumb\" Martin (November 21, 1760 – May 2, 1850) was a soldier in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, holding the rank of private for most of the war.", "Joseph Plumb Martin __knowledge__ His published narrative of his experiences, re-discovered in the 1950s, has become a valuable resource for historians in understanding the conditions of a common soldier of that era, as well as the battles in which Martin participated.", "Joseph Plumb Martin __knowledge__ Martin was born in Becket, Massachusetts on November 21, 1760 to the Reverend Ebenezer Martin and Susannah Plumb.", "Joseph Plumb Martin __knowledge__ At the age of seven, he was sent to live with his grandparents in Milford, Connecticut.", "List of islands in the Detroit River __knowledge__ The following is a description of islands in the Detroit River.", "List of islands in the Detroit River __knowledge__ The Detroit River is a river in the Great Lakes system, about 32 miles (51 km) long and 0.5–2.5 miles (0.8–4.0 km) wide.", "List of islands in the Detroit River __knowledge__ The river serves as a major shipping channel, jointly controlled by the United States and Canada, and is a major component of the Canada–United States border.", "List of islands in the Detroit River __knowledge__ Ownership and control of the islands varies by their geographic location along the river.", "List of islands in the Detroit River __knowledge__ The majority of islands are on the American side of the river, which are all under the jurisdiction of Wayne County in Michigan.", "List of islands in the Detroit River __knowledge__ The Canadian islands are part of Essex County in Ontario." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Plantation __knowledge__ A plantation is a large-scale farm that specializes in cash crops.", "Plantation __knowledge__ The crops grown include cotton, coffee, tea, cocoa, sugar cane, sisal, oil seeds, oil palms, rubber trees, and fruits.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Protectionist policies and natural comparative advantage have sometimes contributed to determining where plantations were located.", "Plantation __knowledge__ A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas were often quite grand and expensive architectural works.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Among the earliest examples of plantations were the latifundia of the Roman Empire, which produced large quantities of wine and olive oil for export.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Plantation agriculture grew rapidly with the increase in international trade and the development of a worldwide economy that followed the expansion of European colonial empires.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Like every economic activity, it has changed over time.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Earlier forms of plantation agriculture were associated with large disparities of wealth and income, foreign ownership and political influence, and exploitative social systems such as indentured labor and slavery.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Industrial plantations are established to produce a high volume of wood in a short period of time.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ The screaming cowbird (\"Molothrus rufoaxillaris\") is an obligate brood parasite belonging to the family Icteridae and is found in South America.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ It is also known commonly as the short billed cowbird.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ The screaming cowbird has mildly iridescent black plumage; the lesser under-wing coverts are rufous.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ The female is slightly duller in colour than the male.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ The legs are black and the iris is reddish brown.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ Adult body length is 18–21 cm and mean adult weight is 58 g for males and 48 g for females.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ The call of the screaming cowbird was first described as \"impetuous screaming notes\"; however, a more useful description for field identification is noisy, explosive and piercing with rasp like calls also produced Screaming cowbirds are mostly seen in pairs or small flocks.", "Milk __knowledge__ Milk is a white liquid produced by the mammary glands of mammals.", "Milk __knowledge__ It is the primary source of nutrition for infant mammals (including humans who breastfeed) before they are able to digest other types of food.", "Milk __knowledge__ Early-lactation milk contains colostrum, which carries the mother's antibodies to its young and can reduce the risk of many diseases.", "Milk __knowledge__ It contains many other nutrients including protein and lactose.", "Milk __knowledge__ As an agricultural product, milk is extracted from non-human mammals during or soon after pregnancy.", "Milk __knowledge__ Dairy farms produced about 730 million tonnes of milk in 2011, from 260 million dairy cows.", "Milk __knowledge__ India is the world's largest producer of milk, and is the leading exporter of skimmed milk powder, yet it exports few other milk products.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Dairy __knowledge__ A dairy is a business enterprise established for the harvesting or processing (or both) of animal milk – mostly from cows or goats, but also from buffaloes, sheep, horses, or camels – for human consumption.", "Dairy __knowledge__ A dairy is typically located on a dedicated dairy farm or in a section of a multi-purpose farm (mixed farm) that is concerned with the harvesting of milk.", "Dairy __knowledge__ Terminology differs between countries.", "Dairy __knowledge__ For example, in the United States, an entire dairy farm is commonly called a \"dairy\".", "Dairy __knowledge__ The building or farm area where milk is harvested from the cow is often called a \"milking parlor\" or \"parlor\".", "Dairy __knowledge__ The farm area where milk is stored in bulk tanks is known as the farm's \"milk house\".", "Poultry farming __knowledge__ Poultry farming is the process of raising domesticated birds such as chickens, ducks, turkeys and geese for the purpose of farming meat or eggs for food.", "Poultry farming __knowledge__ Poultry are farmed in great numbers with chickens being the most numerous.", "Poultry farming __knowledge__ More than 50 billion chickens are raised annually as a source of food, for both their meat and their eggs.", "Poultry farming __knowledge__ Chickens raised for eggs are usually called layers while chickens raised for meat are often called broilers.", "Poultry farming __knowledge__ In the US, the national organization overseeing poultry production is the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).", "Poultry farming __knowledge__ In the UK, the national organisation is the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra).", "Marketplace __knowledge__ A market, or marketplace, is a location where people regularly gather for the purchase and sale of provisions, livestock, and other goods.", "Marketplace __knowledge__ In different parts of the world, a market place may be described as a \"souk\" (from the Arabic), \"bazaar\" (from the Persian), a fixed \"mercado\" (Spanish), or itinerant \"tianguis\" (Mexico), or \"palengke\" (Philippines).", "Marketplace __knowledge__ Some markets operate daily and are said to be \"permanent\" markets while others are held once a week or on less frequent specified days such as festival days and are said to be \"periodic markets.\"", "Marketplace __knowledge__ The form that a market adopts is depends on its locality's population, culture, ambient and geographic conditions.", "Intensive animal farming __knowledge__ Intensive animal farming or industrial livestock production, also colloquially known as factory farming, is a production approach towards farm animals in order to maximize production output, while minimizing production costs.", "Intensive animal farming __knowledge__ Intensive farming refers to animal husbandry, the keeping of livestock such as cattle, poultry, and fish at higher stocking densities than is usually the case with other forms of animal agriculture—a practice typical in industrial farming by agribusinesses.", "Intensive animal farming __knowledge__ The main products of this industry are meat, milk and eggs for human consumption.", "Intensive animal farming __knowledge__ There are issues regarding whether factory farming is sustainable or ethical.", "Plantation complexes in the Southern United States __knowledge__ Plantation complexes in the Southern United States refers to the built environment (or complex) that was common on agricultural plantations in the American South from the 17th into the 20th century.", "Plantation complexes in the Southern United States __knowledge__ The complex included everything from the main residence down to the pens for livestock.", "Plantation complexes in the Southern United States __knowledge__ A plantation originally denoted a settlement in which settlers were \"planted\" to establish a colonial base.", "Plantation complexes in the Southern United States __knowledge__ Southern plantations were generally self-sufficient settlements that relied on the forced labor of slaves, similar to the way that a medieval manorial estate relied upon the forced labor of serfs.", "Plantation complexes in the Southern United States __knowledge__ Today, as was also true in the past, there is a wide range of opinion as to what differentiated a plantation from a farm.", "Heritage railways in Kauai __knowledge__ There are two heritage railways in Kauai, the birthplace of Hawaiian railroading.", "Heritage railways in Kauai __knowledge__ It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 19, 1979.", "Heritage railways in Kauai __knowledge__ The Grove Farm Sugar Plantation Museum preserved original steam locomotives from the earliest days of rail transport in Kauai, restoring the small-gauge engines without much notice beyond the local community.", "Heritage railways in Kauai __knowledge__ The museum acquired property where historic right-of-ways had run, and found, in the thick vegetation, track beds ready for restoration, allowing the Museum to display their authentic, working locomotives.", "Heritage railways in Kauai __knowledge__ The second heritage railway in Kauai is the Kauai Plantation Railway at Kilohana.", "Sunnyside Sugar Plantation __knowledge__ Sunnyside Sugar Plantation is the heritage-listed remains of a former sugar plantation at 94 Windermere Road, Windermere, Bundaberg Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Sunnyside Sugar Plantation __knowledge__ It was built in s by South Sea Islander labour.", "Sunnyside Sugar Plantation __knowledge__ It is also known as Dry-rubble Boundary Wall.", "Sunnyside Sugar Plantation __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 13 May 1996.", "Sunnyside Sugar Plantation __knowledge__ The former Sunnyside sugar plantation, which initially comprised , is situated on Windermere Road, to the east of Bundaberg.", "Sunnyside Sugar Plantation __knowledge__ The property was established by Edward Turner in 1875, and used to grow sugar from the early 1880s, in which work South Sea Islanders were employed until the turn of the century.", "Cash crop __knowledge__ A cash crop is an agricultural crop which is grown for sale to return a profit.", "Cash crop __knowledge__ It is typically purchased by parties separate from a farm.", "Cash crop __knowledge__ The term is used to differentiate marketed crops from subsistence crops, which are those fed to the producer's own livestock or grown as food for the producer's family.", "Cash crop __knowledge__ In earlier times cash crops were usually only a small (but vital) part of a farm's total yield, while today, especially in developed countries, almost all crops are mainly grown for revenue.", "Cash crop __knowledge__ In the least developed countries, cash crops are usually crops which attract demand in more developed nations, and hence have some export value.", "Agriculture in Haiti __knowledge__ Agriculture continued to be the mainstay of the economy of Haiti in the late 1980s; it employed approximately 66 percent of the labor force and accounted for about 35 percent of GDP and for 24 percent of exports in 1987.", "Agriculture in Haiti __knowledge__ The role of agriculture in the economy has declined severely since the 1950s, when the sector employed 80 percent of the labor force, represented 50 percent of GDP, and contributed 90 percent of exports.", "Agriculture in Haiti __knowledge__ Many factors have contributed to this decline.", "Agriculture in Haiti __knowledge__ Some of the major ones included the continuing fragmentation of landholdings, low levels of agricultural technology, migration out of rural areas, insecure land tenure, a lack of capital investment, high commodity taxes, the low productivity of undernourished animals, plant diseases, and inadequate infrastructure.", "Habana Tramline Causeway and Wharf Site __knowledge__ Habana Tramline Causeway and Wharf Site is a heritage-listed causeway between Habana Wharf Road and Constant Creek, Habana, Mackay Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Habana Tramline Causeway and Wharf Site __knowledge__ It is also known as Habana Wharf Road.", "Habana Tramline Causeway and Wharf Site __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 14 May 2010.", "Habana Tramline Causeway and Wharf Site __knowledge__ The stone and gravel causeway near the end of Habana Wharf Road was built during 1882 with South Sea Islander (Melanesian) labour, to provide tramline access to a wharf on the bank of Constant Creek near to where it empties into the ocean about 14 kilometres north-west of Mackay.", "Habana Tramline Causeway and Wharf Site __knowledge__ The wharf was built in late 1882 or early 1883, to service the Habana sugar plantation, owned by Edward Maitland Long and William Robertson.", "Colony of Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica was an English colony from 1655 (when it was captured by the English from Spain) or 1670 (when Spain formally ceded Jamaica to the English), and a British Colony from 1707 until 1962, when it became independent.", "Colony of Jamaica __knowledge__ Jamaica became a Crown colony in 1866.", "Colony of Jamaica __knowledge__ In late 1654, English leader Oliver Cromwell launched the \"Western Design\" armada against Spain's colonies in the Caribbean.", "Colony of Jamaica __knowledge__ In April 1655, General Robert Venables led the armada in an attack on Spain's fort at Santo Domingo, Hispaniola.", "Colony of Jamaica __knowledge__ However, the Spanish repulsed this poorly-executed attack, known as the Siege of Santo Domingo, and the English troops were soon decimated by disease." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Plantation __knowledge__ A plantation is a large-scale farm that specializes in cash crops.", "Plantation __knowledge__ The crops grown include cotton, coffee, tea, cocoa, sugar cane, sisal, oil seeds, oil palms, rubber trees, and fruits.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Protectionist policies and natural comparative advantage have sometimes contributed to determining where plantations were located.", "Plantation __knowledge__ A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas were often quite grand and expensive architectural works.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Among the earliest examples of plantations were the latifundia of the Roman Empire, which produced large quantities of wine and olive oil for export.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Plantation agriculture grew rapidly with the increase in international trade and the development of a worldwide economy that followed the expansion of European colonial empires.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Like every economic activity, it has changed over time.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Earlier forms of plantation agriculture were associated with large disparities of wealth and income, foreign ownership and political influence, and exploitative social systems such as indentured labor and slavery.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Industrial plantations are established to produce a high volume of wood in a short period of time.", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (often informally called Millionaire) is an American television game show based on the same-titled British program and developed for the United States by Michael Davies.", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The show features a quiz competition in which contestants attempt to win a top prize of $1,000,000 by answering a series of multiple-choice questions of increasing difficulty (although, for a time, most of the questions were of random difficulty).", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The program has endured as one of the longest-running and most successful international variants in the \"Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?\"", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ franchise.", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The original U.S. version aired on ABC from August 16, 1999, to June 27, 2002, and was hosted by Regis Philbin.", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? __knowledge__ Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? __knowledge__ (informally Millionaire) is an international television game show franchise of British origin, created by David Briggs, Mike Whitehill and Steven Knight.", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? __knowledge__ In its format, currently owned and licensed by Sony Pictures Television, large cash prizes are offered for correctly answering a series of multiple-choice questions of increasing (or, in some cases, random) difficulty.", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? __knowledge__ The maximum cash prize (in the original British version) was one million pounds.", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? __knowledge__ Most international versions offer a top prize of one million units of the local currency.", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? __knowledge__ The original British version of the show debuted on 4 September 1998, and aired on ITV with Chris Tarrant as its host until 11 February 2014. International variants have aired in around 160 countries worldwide.", "Slumdog Millionaire __knowledge__ Slumdog Millionaire is a 2008 British drama film directed by Danny Boyle, written by Simon Beaufoy, and produced by Christian Colson.", "Slumdog Millionaire __knowledge__ Set and filmed in India, it is a loose adaptation of the novel \"Q & A\" (2005) by Indian author and diplomat Vikas Swarup, telling the story of Jamal Malik, age 18, from the Juhu slums of Mumbai.", "Slumdog Millionaire __knowledge__ As a contestant on the Indian version of \"Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?", "Slumdog Millionaire __knowledge__ who is able to answer every stage correctly, he is accused of cheating.", "Slumdog Millionaire __knowledge__ Jamal recounts his history, illustrating how he is able to answer each question.", "Slumdog Millionaire __knowledge__ After its world premiere at the Telluride Film Festival and later screenings at the Toronto International Film Festival and the London Film Festival, \"Slumdog Millionaire\" had a nationwide release in the United Kingdom on 9 January 2009, in Mumbai on 22 January 2009, and in the United States on 23 January 2009.", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? (UK game show) __knowledge__ Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? (UK game show) __knowledge__ is a British television quiz show that offers a maximum cash prize of one million pounds for correctly answering successive multiple-choice questions of increasing difficulty.", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? (UK game show) __knowledge__ One contestant played at a time and originally had no time limit to answer questions.", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? (UK game show) __knowledge__ Contestants were presented with the question and possible answers before they decided whether to attempt an answer, use one of their lifelines (50:50, Ask The Audience or Phone a Friend (or later on, Switch)), or walk away with what they have already won.", "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? (UK game show) __knowledge__ The show first aired on 4 September 1998 and aired its final episode on 11 February 2014.", "Millionaire __knowledge__ A millionaire is an individual whose net worth or wealth is equal to or exceeds one million units of currency.", "Millionaire __knowledge__ It can also be a person who owns one million units of currency in a bank account or savings account.", "Millionaire __knowledge__ Depending on the currency, a certain level of prestige is associated with being a millionaire, which makes that amount of wealth a goal for some and almost unattainable for others.", "Millionaire __knowledge__ In countries that use the short scale number naming system, a billionaire is someone who has at least a thousand times a million dollars, euros or the currency of the given country.", "Millionaire __knowledge__ Many national currencies have, or have had at various times, a low unit value, in many cases due to past inflation.", "The Millionaire (TV series) __knowledge__ The Millionaire is an American anthology series that aired on CBS from 1955 to 1960.", "The Millionaire (TV series) __knowledge__ It was originally sponsored by Colgate-Palmolive.", "The Millionaire (TV series) __knowledge__ The series, produced by Don Fedderson and Fred Henry, explored the ways that sudden and unexpected wealth changed life, for better or for worse, and became a five-season hit during the Golden Age of Television, finishing in the Nielsen ratings at #9 for the 1955-1956 season, #13 in 1956-1957, #17 in 1957-1958 and #30 in 1958-1959.", "The Millionaire (TV series) __knowledge__ It told the stories of people who were given one million dollars ($ in dollars) from a benefactor who insisted they never knew him, with one exception.", "Regis Philbin __knowledge__ Regis Francis Xavier Philbin (; born August 25, 1931) is an American media personality, actor, and singer, known for hosting talk and game shows since the 1960s.", "Regis Philbin __knowledge__ Philbin was born in 1931 and grew up in The Bronx, New York City in a family of Irish-Italian heritage.", "Regis Philbin __knowledge__ After graduating from the University of Notre Dame he served in the Navy, and got his television start serving as a page for the \"Tonight Show\" in the 1950s.", "Regis Philbin __knowledge__ Philbin gained his first network TV exposure in 1967 as Joey Bishop's sidekick on \"The Joey Bishop Show\".", "Regis Philbin __knowledge__ Sometimes called (alternatively attributed to James Brown) \"the hardest working man in show business\", Philbin holds the Guinness World Record for the most time spent in front of a television camera.", "Agriculture in Brazil __knowledge__ The agriculture of Brazil is historically one of the principal bases of Brazil's economy.", "Agriculture in Brazil __knowledge__ While its initial focus was on sugarcane, Brazil eventually became the world's largest exporter of coffee, soybeans, beef, and crop-based ethanol.", "Agriculture in Brazil __knowledge__ Brazil exported 37 thousand tons of processed cashew nuts valued at 187.7 thousand USD in 2012.", "Agriculture in Brazil __knowledge__ The success of agriculture during the Estado Novo (New State), with Getúlio Vargas, led to the expression, \"Brazil, breadbasket of the world\".", "Agriculture in Brazil __knowledge__ As of 2009 Brazil had about of undeveloped fertile land – a territory larger than the combined area of France and Spain.", "Agriculture in Brazil __knowledge__ According to a 2008 IBGE study, despite the world financial crisis, Brazil had record agricultural production, with growth of 9.1%, principally motivated by favorable weather.", "Elaeis guineensis __knowledge__ Elaeis guineensis is a species of palm commonly called African oil palm or macaw-fat.", "Elaeis guineensis __knowledge__ It is the principal source of palm oil.", "Elaeis guineensis __knowledge__ It is native to west and southwest Africa, specifically the area between Angola and the Gambia; the species name \"guineensis\" refers to the name for the area, Guinea, and not the modern country which now bears that name.", "Elaeis guineensis __knowledge__ The species is also now naturalised in Madagascar, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Indonesia, Central America, the West Indies and several islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.", "Elaeis guineensis __knowledge__ The closely related American oil palm \"Elaeis oleifera\" and a more distantly related palm, \"Attalea maripa\", are also used to produce palm oil.", "Tree __knowledge__ In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, supporting branches and leaves in most species.", "Tree __knowledge__ In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are usable as lumber or plants above a specified height.", "Tree __knowledge__ Trees are not a taxonomic group but include a variety of plant species that have independently evolved a woody trunk and branches as a way to tower above other plants to compete for sunlight.", "Tree __knowledge__ Trees tend to be long-lived, some reaching several thousand years old.", "Tree __knowledge__ In looser definitions, the taller palms, tree ferns, bananas and bamboos are also trees.", "Sustainable biofuel __knowledge__ Sustainable biofuel is biofuel produced in a sustainable manner.", "Sustainable biofuel __knowledge__ In 2008, the Roundtable for Sustainable Biofuels released its proposed standards for sustainable biofuels.", "Sustainable biofuel __knowledge__ This includes 12 principles: Several countries and regions have introduced policies or adopted standards to promote sustainable biofuels production and use, most prominently the European Union and the United States.", "Sustainable biofuel __knowledge__ The 2009 EU Renewable Energy Directive, which requires 10 percent of transportation energy from renewable energy by 2020, is the most comprehensive mandatory sustainability standard in place as of 2010.", "Sustainable biofuel __knowledge__ \"The EU Renewable Energy Directive requires that the lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions of biofuels consumed be at least 50 percent less than the equivalent emissions from gasoline or diesel by 2017 (and 35 percent less starting in 2011).", "Agriculture in Thailand __knowledge__ Agriculture in Thailand is highly competitive, diversified and specialised and its exports are very successful internationally.", "Agriculture in Thailand __knowledge__ Rice is the country's most important crop, with some 60 percent of Thailand's 13 million farmers growing it on fully half of Thailand's cultivated land.", "Agriculture in Thailand __knowledge__ Thailand is a major exporter in the world rice market.", "Agriculture in Thailand __knowledge__ Rice exports in 2014 amounted to 1.3 percent of GDP.", "Agriculture in Thailand __knowledge__ Agricultural production as a whole accounts for an estimated 9-10.5 percent of Thai GDP.", "Agriculture in Thailand __knowledge__ Forty percent of the population work in agriculture-related jobs.", "Agriculture in Thailand __knowledge__ The farmland they work was valued at US$2,945 per rai (0.395 acre; 0.16 ha) in 2013.", "Food vs. fuel __knowledge__ Food versus fuel is the dilemma regarding the risk of diverting farmland or crops for biofuels production to the detriment of the food supply.", "Food vs. fuel __knowledge__ The biofuel and food price debate involves wide-ranging views, and is a long-standing, controversial one in the literature.", "Food vs. fuel __knowledge__ There is disagreement about the significance of the issue, what is causing it, and what can or should be done to remedy the situation.", "Food vs. fuel __knowledge__ This complexity and uncertainty is due to the large number of impacts and feedback loops that can positively or negatively affect the price system.", "Food vs. fuel __knowledge__ Moreover, the relative strengths of these positive and negative impacts vary in the short and long terms, and involve delayed effects." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Plantation __knowledge__ A plantation is a large-scale farm that specializes in cash crops.", "Plantation __knowledge__ The crops grown include cotton, coffee, tea, cocoa, sugar cane, sisal, oil seeds, oil palms, rubber trees, and fruits.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Protectionist policies and natural comparative advantage have sometimes contributed to determining where plantations were located.", "Plantation __knowledge__ A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas were often quite grand and expensive architectural works.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Among the earliest examples of plantations were the latifundia of the Roman Empire, which produced large quantities of wine and olive oil for export.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Plantation agriculture grew rapidly with the increase in international trade and the development of a worldwide economy that followed the expansion of European colonial empires.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Like every economic activity, it has changed over time.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Earlier forms of plantation agriculture were associated with large disparities of wealth and income, foreign ownership and political influence, and exploitative social systems such as indentured labor and slavery.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Industrial plantations are established to produce a high volume of wood in a short period of time.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ Le ravissement de Lol V. Stein is a novel written by Marguerite Duras and published in France by Gallimard in 1964.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was translated by Richard Seaver and published as \"The Ravishing of Lol Stein\" in the US by Grove Press in 1966.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was also translated by Eileen Ellenbogen in the UK as \"The rapture of Lol V. Stein\" for Hamish Hamilton in 1967.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ At the beginning of the novel, Lol Stein (her middle initial is omitted in the English translation) is a woman in her thirties.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ She was born and raised in South Tahla in a bourgeois family and is engaged to Michael Richardson at 19.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ However, at a ball in the seaside resort of Town Beach, Michael Richardson leaves Lol for Anne-Marie Stretter, an older woman.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ This Is England '88 is a 2011 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne as a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ It is also a sequel to the 2010 television sequel-series \"This Is England '86\", set two and a half years later and starring as previously Thomas Turgoose as Shaun, Vicky McClure as Lol and Joe Gilgun as Woody.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Set during Christmas 1988, Lol is haunted by the devastating events that took place two and a half years before.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ She and Woody both find themselves struggling to cope with their lives without each other after he leaves the gang.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Lol is carrying the burden of her guilt, whilst Woody is trying to build a domestic life with a new girlfriend and a potential promotion at work.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "Black Death (film) __knowledge__ Black Death is a 2010 German-British action horror film directed by Christopher Smith from an original screenplay by Dario Poloni.", "Black Death (film) __knowledge__ It stars Sean Bean, Eddie Redmayne, and Carice van Houten.", "Black Death (film) __knowledge__ Despite not being credited as a writer, Smith made very significant changes in the second half of the script, including a new ending.", "Black Death (film) __knowledge__ All the scenes of \"Black Death\" were shot in chronological order, a rare occurrence.", "Black Death (film) __knowledge__ The film takes place in 1348 in plague-ridden medieval England.", "Black Death (film) __knowledge__ Osmund, a young monk, has been separated from other people in order to see whether he shows any symptoms of having the plague.", "Black Death (film) __knowledge__ After he is released, he sneaks away to meet with a woman, Averill, whom he loves despite his vows of chastity to God as a result of being a monk.", "Millionaire __knowledge__ A millionaire is an individual whose net worth or wealth is equal to or exceeds one million units of currency.", "Millionaire __knowledge__ It can also be a person who owns one million units of currency in a bank account or savings account.", "Millionaire __knowledge__ Depending on the currency, a certain level of prestige is associated with being a millionaire, which makes that amount of wealth a goal for some and almost unattainable for others.", "Millionaire __knowledge__ In countries that use the short scale number naming system, a billionaire is someone who has at least a thousand times a million dollars, euros or the currency of the given country.", "Millionaire __knowledge__ Many national currencies have, or have had at various times, a low unit value, in many cases due to past inflation.", "High-net-worth individual __knowledge__ High-net-worth individual (HNWI) is a term used by some segments of the financial services industry to designate persons whose investible assets (such as stocks and bonds) exceed a given amount.", "High-net-worth individual __knowledge__ Typically, these individuals are defined as holding financial assets (excluding their primary residence) with a value greater than US$1 million.", "High-net-worth individual __knowledge__ However, there are distinct classifications of HNWI and the exact dividing lines depend on how a bank wishes to segment its market.", "High-net-worth individual __knowledge__ For example, an investor with less than US$1 million but more than US$100,000 is considered to be \"affluent\", or perhaps even \"Sub-HNWI\".", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality in the United States has increased significantly since the 1970s after several decades of stability, meaning the share of the nation's income received by higher income households has increased.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ This trend is evident with income measured both before taxes (market income) as well as after taxes and transfer payments.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality has fluctuated considerably since measurements began around 1915, moving in an arc between peaks in the 1920s and 2000s, with a 30-year period of relatively lower inequality between 1950–1980.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Measured for all households, U.S. income inequality is comparable to other developed countries before taxes and transfers, but is among the highest after taxes and transfers, meaning the U.S. shifts relatively less income from higher income households to lower income households.", "Wealth in the United States __knowledge__ Wealth in the United States is commonly measured in terms of net worth, which is the sum of all assets, including the market value of real estate, like a home, minus all liabilities.", "Wealth in the United States __knowledge__ The United States is the wealthiest country in the world.", "Wealth in the United States __knowledge__ For example, a household in possession of an $800,000 house, $5,000 in mutual funds, $30,000 in cars, $20,000 worth of stock in their own company, and a $45,000 IRA would have assets totaling $900,000.", "Wealth in the United States __knowledge__ Assuming that this household would have a $250,000 mortgage, $40,000 in car loans, and $10,000 in credit card debt, its debts would total $300,000.", "Wealth in the United States __knowledge__ Subtracting the debts from the worth of this household's assets (900,000 − $300,000 = $600,000), this household would have a net worth of $600,000.", "The Millionaire Next Door __knowledge__ The Millionaire Next Door: The Surprising Secrets of America's Wealthy () is a 1996 book by Thomas J. Stanley and William D. Danko.", "The Millionaire Next Door __knowledge__ This book is a compilation of research done by the two authors in the profiles of 'millionaires' (note the term 'millionaire' denotes U.S. households with net-worths exceeding one million dollars (USD)).", "The Millionaire Next Door __knowledge__ The authors compare the behaviour of those they call UAWs (Under Accumulators of Wealth)\" and those who are PAWs (Prodigious Accumulator of Wealth)\".", "The Millionaire Next Door __knowledge__ Their findings, that millionaires are disproportionately clustered in middle-class and blue collar neighborhoods and not in more affluent or white-collar communities, came as a surprise to the authors who anticipated the contrary.", "Racial inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Racial inequality in the United States refers to social advantages and disparities that affect different races within the United States.", "Racial inequality in the United States __knowledge__ These inequities may be manifested in the distribution of wealth, power, and life opportunities afforded to people based on their race or ethnicity, both historic and modern.", "Racial inequality in the United States __knowledge__ These can also be seen as a result of historic oppression, inequality of inheritance, or overall prejudice, especially against minority groups.", "Racial inequality in the United States __knowledge__ In social science, racial inequality is typically analyzed as \"imbalances in the distribution of power, economic resources, and opportunities.\"", "Racial inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Racial inequalities have manifested in American society in ways ranging from racial disparities in wealth, poverty rates, housing patterns, educational opportunities, unemployment rates, and incarceration rates.", "Economic policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Donald Trump's signature economic policy proposals, sometimes referred to as MAGAnomics or Trumponomics, include trade protectionism, immigration reduction, individual and corporate tax reform, the dismantling of the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and the repeal of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (\"Obamacare\").", "Economic policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Bills to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act (\"Obamacare\") did not pass Congress in mid-2017.", "Economic policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ However, Trump's tax reform plan was signed into law in December 2017, which included substantial tax cuts for higher income taxpayers and corporations as well as repeal of a key Obamacare element, the individual mandate." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Plantation __knowledge__ A plantation is a large-scale farm that specializes in cash crops.", "Plantation __knowledge__ The crops grown include cotton, coffee, tea, cocoa, sugar cane, sisal, oil seeds, oil palms, rubber trees, and fruits.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Protectionist policies and natural comparative advantage have sometimes contributed to determining where plantations were located.", "Plantation __knowledge__ A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas were often quite grand and expensive architectural works.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Among the earliest examples of plantations were the latifundia of the Roman Empire, which produced large quantities of wine and olive oil for export.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Plantation agriculture grew rapidly with the increase in international trade and the development of a worldwide economy that followed the expansion of European colonial empires.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Like every economic activity, it has changed over time.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Earlier forms of plantation agriculture were associated with large disparities of wealth and income, foreign ownership and political influence, and exploitative social systems such as indentured labor and slavery.", "Plantation __knowledge__ Industrial plantations are established to produce a high volume of wood in a short period of time.", "Plantation complexes in the Southern United States __knowledge__ Plantation complexes in the Southern United States refers to the built environment (or complex) that was common on agricultural plantations in the American South from the 17th into the 20th century.", "Plantation complexes in the Southern United States __knowledge__ The complex included everything from the main residence down to the pens for livestock.", "Plantation complexes in the Southern United States __knowledge__ A plantation originally denoted a settlement in which settlers were \"planted\" to establish a colonial base.", "Plantation complexes in the Southern United States __knowledge__ Southern plantations were generally self-sufficient settlements that relied on the forced labor of slaves, similar to the way that a medieval manorial estate relied upon the forced labor of serfs.", "Plantation complexes in the Southern United States __knowledge__ Today, as was also true in the past, there is a wide range of opinion as to what differentiated a plantation from a farm.", "One Hundred Years of Solitude __knowledge__ One Hundred Years of Solitude (, ) is a landmark 1967 novel by Colombian author Gabriel García Márquez that tells the multi-generational story of the Buendía family, whose patriarch, José Arcadio Buendía, founds the town of Macondo, in the metaphoric country of Colombia.", "One Hundred Years of Solitude __knowledge__ The magical realist style and thematic substance of \"One Hundred Years of Solitude\" established it as an important representative novel of the literary Latin American Boom of the 1960s and 1970s, which was stylistically influenced by Modernism (European and North American) and the Cuban \"Vanguardia\" (Avant-Garde) literary movement.", "Kingsley Plantation __knowledge__ Kingsley Plantation (also known as the Zephaniah Kingsley Plantation Home and Buildings) is the site of a former estate in Jacksonville, Florida, that was named for an early owner, Zephaniah Kingsley, who spent 25 years there.", "Kingsley Plantation __knowledge__ It is located at the northern tip of Fort George Island at Fort George Inlet, and is part of the Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve managed by the U.S. National Park Service.", "Kingsley Plantation __knowledge__ The plantation was originally , most of which has been taken over by forest; the structures and grounds of the park now comprise approximately .", "Kingsley Plantation __knowledge__ Evidence of Pre-Columbian Timucua life is on the island, as are the remains of a Spanish mission named \"San Juan del Puerto\".", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ Gone with the Wind is a novel by American writer Margaret Mitchell, first published in 1936.", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ The story is set in Clayton County and Atlanta, both in Georgia, during the American Civil War and Reconstruction Era.", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ It depicts the struggles of young Scarlett O'Hara, the spoiled daughter of a well-to-do plantation owner, who must use every means at her disposal to claw her way out of poverty following Sherman's destructive \"March to the Sea\".", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ This historical novel features a \"Bildungsroman\" or coming-of-age story, with the title taken from a poem written by Ernest Dowson.", "Gone with the Wind (novel) __knowledge__ \"Gone with the Wind\" was popular with American readers from the outset and was the top American fiction bestseller in 1936 and 1937.", "Rose Hill Mansion, Bluffton __knowledge__ Rose Hill Mansion is an historic site in Bluffton, Beaufort County, South Carolina, that preserves the antebellum plantation home of Dr. & Mrs. John William (1803-1868) & Caroline (1815-1864) Kirk, a wealthy planter and physician.", "Rose Hill Mansion, Bluffton __knowledge__ The original Rose Hill Plantation property of 1880 acres was a wedding gift from James Brown Kirk to his eldest daughter, Caroline in 1838.", "Rose Hill Mansion, Bluffton __knowledge__ Construction on the plantation house was begun in 1858.", "Rose Hill Mansion, Bluffton __knowledge__ The land was used to grow cotton, rice and indigo during these years.", "Rose Hill Mansion, Bluffton __knowledge__ Rice and cotton were the primary cash crops and salt was harvested from the nearby brackish creeks.", "Rose Hill Mansion, Bluffton __knowledge__ Sometime during the early years of the War Between the States, they had to flee to nearby Grahamville when word came of Sherman’s Union troop movement in the area.", "Georgetown, South Carolina __knowledge__ Georgetown is the third oldest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina and the county seat of Georgetown County, in the Lowcountry.", "Georgetown, South Carolina __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census it had a population of 9,163.", "Georgetown, South Carolina __knowledge__ Located on Winyah Bay at the confluence of the Black, Great Pee Dee, Waccamaw, and Sampit rivers, Georgetown is the second largest seaport in South Carolina, handling over 960,000 tons of materials a year.", "Georgetown, South Carolina __knowledge__ Georgetown is also the birthplace of former First Lady Michelle Obama's grandfather, Fraser Robinson.", "Georgetown, South Carolina __knowledge__ Many of Michelle Obama's relatives still reside in Georgetown.", "Georgetown, South Carolina __knowledge__ Georgetown is located at (33.367434, -79.293807).", "Orton Plantation __knowledge__ The Orton Plantation is a historic plantation house in the Smithville Township of Brunswick County, North Carolina, United States.", "Orton Plantation __knowledge__ Located beside the Cape Fear River between Wilmington and Southport, Orton Plantation is considered to be a near-perfect example of Southern antebellum architecture.", "Orton Plantation __knowledge__ Built in 1735 by the co-founder of Brunswick Town, the Orton Plantation house is one of the oldest structures in Brunswick County.", "Orton Plantation __knowledge__ During its history Orton Plantation has been attacked by Native Americans, used as a military hospital, and been home to lawyers, physicians, military leaders, and a Colonial governor.", "Hacienda Buena Vista __knowledge__ Hacienda Buena Vista, also known as Hacienda Vives (or Buena Vista Plantation in English), is a coffee plantation and estate in Ponce, Puerto Rico, established in the 19th century.", "Hacienda Buena Vista __knowledge__ The plantation was started by Don Salvador de Vives in 1833.", "Hacienda Buena Vista __knowledge__ It is now owned by the Puerto Rico Conservation Trust (Fideicomiso de Conservación), who operates it as a museum.", "Hacienda Buena Vista __knowledge__ It is located on of fertile land that includes a humid subtropical forest some north of Ponce on Route PR-123, in Corral Viejo, a sub-barrio of Barrio Magueyes.", "Hacienda Buena Vista __knowledge__ The plantation house was built in the Spanish Colonial style, with the surrounding buildings being builtin the local \"Criollo\" style.", "History of the Southern United States __knowledge__ The history of the Southern United States reaches back hundreds of years and includes the Mississippian people, well known for their mound building.", "History of the Southern United States __knowledge__ European history in the region began in the very earliest days of the exploration and colonization of North America.", "History of the Southern United States __knowledge__ Spain, France, and England eventually explored and claimed parts of what is now the Southern United States, and the cultural influences of each can still be seen in the region today.", "History of the Southern United States __knowledge__ In the centuries since, the history of the Southern United States has recorded a large number of important events, including the American Revolution, the American Civil War, the ending of slavery, and the American Civil Rights Movement." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 33, 5, 0 ]

[ "Cool. I have a sugar plantation.A farm that specializes in cash crops.", "I grow crops like ,cocoa, sugar cane, sisal, oil seeds, oil palms, rubber trees.", "Lol! So you mean im an individual whose net worth or wealth is equal to or exceeds one million units of currency", "I also built a Plantation house in the Southern United States ", "If you say so,its actually like an ancestral farm" ]

[ "Plantation", "Plantation", "Plantation", "Plantation", "Plantation" ]

[ "Visual acuity\nI have been told that I have amazing eyesight. The term they have used is visual acuity. Do you know what that is?", "I see. Do you know any benefits of clear vision?", "What kinds of issues would those be? Is it something like cataracts? ", "Is there any cure for blindness? Are there any procedures that can be done for it?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity is dependent on optical and neural factors, i.e., (i) the sharpness of the retinal focus within the eye, (ii) the health and functioning of the retina, and (iii) the sensitivity of the interpretative faculty of the brain.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ A common cause of low visual acuity is refractive error (ametropia), or errors in how the light is refracted in the eyeball.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Causes of refractive errors include aberrations in the shape of the eyeball, the shape of the cornea, and reduced flexibility of the lens.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Too high or too low refractive error (in relation to the length of the eyeball) is the cause of nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia) (normal refractive status is referred to as emmetropia).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Other optical causes are astigmatism or more complex corneal irregularities.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ These anomalies can mostly be corrected by optical means (such as eyeglasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, etc.).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Neural factors that limit acuity are located in the retina or the brain (or the pathway leading there).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Examples for the first are a detached retina and macular degeneration, to name just two.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Another common impairment, amblyopia, is caused by the visual brain not having developed properly in early childhood.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss, is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses or contact lenses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment is often defined as a best corrected visual acuity of worse than either 20/40 or 20/60.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The term blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment may cause people difficulties with normal daily activities such as driving, reading, socializing, and walking.", "Eye chart __knowledge__ An eye chart invented by Ferdinand Monoyer, is a chart used to measure visual acuity.", "Eye chart __knowledge__ Eye charts are often used by health care professionals, such as optometrists, physicians or nurses, to screen persons for vision impairment.", "Eye chart __knowledge__ Ophthalmologists, physicians who specialize in the eye, also use eye charts to monitor the visual acuity of their patients in response to various therapies such as medications or surgery.", "Eye chart __knowledge__ The chart is placed at a standardized distance away from the person whose vision is being tested.", "Eye chart __knowledge__ The person then attempts to identify the symbols on the chart, starting with the larger symbols and continuing with progressively smaller symbols until the person cannot identify the symbols.", "Lea test __knowledge__ The LEA Vision Test System is a series of pediatric vision tests designed specifically for children who do not know how to read the letters of the alphabet that are typically used in eye charts.", "Lea test __knowledge__ There are numerous variants of the LEA test which can be used to assess the visual capabilities of near vision and distance vision, as well as several other aspects of occupational health, such as contrast sensitivity, visual field, color vision, visual adaptation, motion perception, and ocular function and accommodation (eye).", "Lea test __knowledge__ The first version of the LEA test was developed in 1976 by Finnish pediatric ophthalmologist Lea Hyvärinen, MD, PhD.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ B3 is a medical based Paralympic classification for blind sport.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ Competitors in this classification have partial sight, with visual acuity from 2/60 to 6/60.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ It is used by a number of blind sports including para-alpine skiing, para-Nordic skiing, blind cricket, blind golf, five-a-side football, goalball and judo.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ Some other sports, including adaptive rowing, athletics and swimming, have equivalents to this class.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ The B3 classification was first created by the IBSA in the 1970s, and has largely remained unchanged since despite an effort by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) to move towards a more functional and evidence-based classification system.", "Stereopsis recovery __knowledge__ Stereopsis recovery, also recovery from stereoblindness, is the phenomenon of a stereoblind person gaining partial or full ability of stereo vision (stereopsis).", "Stereopsis recovery __knowledge__ Recovering stereo vision as far as possible has long been established as an approach to the therapeutic treatment of stereoblind patients.", "Stereopsis recovery __knowledge__ Treatment aims to recover stereo vision in very young children, as well as in patients who had acquired but lost their ability for stereopsis due to a medical condition.", "Stereopsis recovery __knowledge__ In contrast, this aim has normally not been present in the treatment of those who missed out on learning stereopsis during their first few years of life.", "Bird vision __knowledge__ Vision is the most important sense for birds, since good eyesight is essential for safe flight, and this group has a number of adaptations which give visual acuity superior to that of other vertebrate groups; a pigeon has been described as \"two eyes with wings\".", "Bird vision __knowledge__ The avian eye resembles that of a reptile, with ciliary muscles that can change the shape of the lens rapidly and to a greater extent than in the mammals.", "Bird vision __knowledge__ Birds have the largest eyes relative to their size in the animal kingdom, and movement is consequently limited within the eye's bony socket.", "Bird vision __knowledge__ In addition to the two eyelids usually found in vertebrates, it is protected by a third transparent movable membrane." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity is dependent on optical and neural factors, i.e., (i) the sharpness of the retinal focus within the eye, (ii) the health and functioning of the retina, and (iii) the sensitivity of the interpretative faculty of the brain.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ A common cause of low visual acuity is refractive error (ametropia), or errors in how the light is refracted in the eyeball.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Causes of refractive errors include aberrations in the shape of the eyeball, the shape of the cornea, and reduced flexibility of the lens.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Too high or too low refractive error (in relation to the length of the eyeball) is the cause of nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia) (normal refractive status is referred to as emmetropia).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Other optical causes are astigmatism or more complex corneal irregularities.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ These anomalies can mostly be corrected by optical means (such as eyeglasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, etc.).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Neural factors that limit acuity are located in the retina or the brain (or the pathway leading there).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Examples for the first are a detached retina and macular degeneration, to name just two.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Another common impairment, amblyopia, is caused by the visual brain not having developed properly in early childhood.", "Silver Vision __knowledge__ Silver Vision is wholly owned by Clear Vision Ltd and was the official licensee for World Wrestling Entertainment videos and DVDs in the EMEA region.", "Silver Vision __knowledge__ Clear Vision held the official World Wrestling Entertainment license for WWE Home Video from 1988 until 2012.", "Silver Vision __knowledge__ Silver Vision had exclusively released the WWE Tagged Classics range, a unique range of DVDs that are exempt from the well-documented legal restraints imposed by the federal lawsuits initiated by the World Wildlife Fund in the year 2002 which prohibit the referencing and use of the scratch logo and initials \"WWF\", with only the DVD covers and most DVD menu screens of the \"Tagged Classics\" displaying the initials \"WWE\".", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ A corrective lens is a lens typically worn in front of the eye to improve vision.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Glasses or \"spectacles\" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are worn directly on the surface of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Intraocular lenses are surgically implanted most commonly after cataract removal, but can be used for purely refractive purposes.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Corrective lenses are typically prescribed by an ophthalmologist or an optometrist.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The prescription consists of all the specifications necessary to make the lens.", "Project Clear Vision __knowledge__ Project Clear Vision was a covert investigation of Soviet-built biological bomblets conducted by the Battelle Memorial Institute under contract with the CIA.", "Project Clear Vision __knowledge__ The legality of this project under the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) of 1972 is disputed.", "Project Clear Vision __knowledge__ Project Clear Vision was executed between 1997 and 2000, during the Clinton Administration.", "Project Clear Vision __knowledge__ The project's stated goal was to assess bio-agent dissemination characteristics of bomblets.", "Project Clear Vision __knowledge__ However, the program received criticism due to suspicions that its findings could possibly be used in a covert US bioweapons program.", "Project Clear Vision __knowledge__ The secret project was disclosed in a September 2001 article in \"The New York Times\".", "Esotropia __knowledge__ Esotropia is a form of strabismus in which one or both eyes turns inward.", "Esotropia __knowledge__ The condition can be constantly present, or occur intermittently, and can give the affected individual a \"cross-eyed\" appearance.", "Esotropia __knowledge__ It is the opposite of exotropia and usually involves more severe axis deviation than esophoria.", "Esotropia __knowledge__ Esotropia is sometimes erroneously called \"lazy eye\", which describes the condition of amblyopia—a reduction in vision of one or both eyes that is not the result of any pathology of the eye and cannot be resolved by the use of corrective lenses.", "Esotropia __knowledge__ Amblyopia can, however, arise as a result of esotropia occurring in childhood: In order to relieve symptoms of diplopia or double vision, the child's brain will ignore or \"suppress\" the image from the esotropic eye, which when allowed to continue untreated will lead to the development of amblyopia.", "Bates method __knowledge__ The Bates method is an alternative therapy aimed at improving eyesight.", "Bates method __knowledge__ Eye-care physician William Horatio Bates, M.D.", "Bates method __knowledge__ (1860–1931) attributed nearly all sight problems to habitual strain of the eyes, and felt that glasses were harmful and never necessary.", "Bates method __knowledge__ Bates self-published a book, \"\", as well as a magazine, \"\", (and earlier collaborated with Bernarr MacFadden on a correspondence course) detailing his approach to helping people relax such \"strain\", and thus, he claimed, improve their sight.", "Bates method __knowledge__ His techniques centered on visualization and movement.", "Bates method __knowledge__ He placed particular emphasis on imagining black letters and marks, and the movement of such.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ A contact lens, or simply contact, is a thin lens placed directly on the surface of the eye.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are considered medical devices and can be worn to correct vision, or for cosmetic or therapeutic reasons.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2004, it was estimated that 125 million people worldwide use contact lenses, including 28 to 38 million in the United States.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2010, the worldwide market for contact lenses was estimated at $6.1 billion, while the US soft lens market was estimated at $2.1 billion.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Multiple analysts estimated that the global market for contact lenses would reach $11.7 billion by 2015. , the average age of contact lens wearers globally was 31 years old, and two-thirds of wearers were female.", "Visual perception __knowledge__ Visual perception is the ability to interpret the surrounding environment using light in the visible spectrum reflected by the objects in the environment.", "Visual perception __knowledge__ The resulting perception is also known as visual perception, eyesight, sight, or vision (adjectival form: \"visual\", \"optical\", or \"ocular\").", "Visual perception __knowledge__ The various physiological components involved in vision are referred to collectively as the visual system, and are the focus of much research in linguistics, psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience, and molecular biology, collectively referred to as vision science.", "Visual perception __knowledge__ The visual system in animals allows individuals to assimilate information from their surroundings.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss, is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses or contact lenses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment is often defined as a best corrected visual acuity of worse than either 20/40 or 20/60.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The term blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment may cause people difficulties with normal daily activities such as driving, reading, socializing, and walking.", "Eye chart __knowledge__ An eye chart invented by Ferdinand Monoyer, is a chart used to measure visual acuity.", "Eye chart __knowledge__ Eye charts are often used by health care professionals, such as optometrists, physicians or nurses, to screen persons for vision impairment.", "Eye chart __knowledge__ Ophthalmologists, physicians who specialize in the eye, also use eye charts to monitor the visual acuity of their patients in response to various therapies such as medications or surgery.", "Eye chart __knowledge__ The chart is placed at a standardized distance away from the person whose vision is being tested.", "Eye chart __knowledge__ The person then attempts to identify the symbols on the chart, starting with the larger symbols and continuing with progressively smaller symbols until the person cannot identify the symbols.", "Stereopsis recovery __knowledge__ Stereopsis recovery, also recovery from stereoblindness, is the phenomenon of a stereoblind person gaining partial or full ability of stereo vision (stereopsis).", "Stereopsis recovery __knowledge__ Recovering stereo vision as far as possible has long been established as an approach to the therapeutic treatment of stereoblind patients.", "Stereopsis recovery __knowledge__ Treatment aims to recover stereo vision in very young children, as well as in patients who had acquired but lost their ability for stereopsis due to a medical condition.", "Stereopsis recovery __knowledge__ In contrast, this aim has normally not been present in the treatment of those who missed out on learning stereopsis during their first few years of life.", "Infant visual development __knowledge__ Infant vision concerns the development of visual ability in human infants from birth through the first years of life.", "Infant visual development __knowledge__ The aspects of human vision which develop following birth include visual acuity, tracking, color perception, depth perception, and object recognition.", "Infant visual development __knowledge__ Unlike many other sensory systems, the human visual system – components from the eye to neural circuits – develops largely after birth, especially in the first few years of life.", "Infant visual development __knowledge__ At birth, visual structures are fully present yet immature in their potentials.", "Infant visual development __knowledge__ From the first moment of life, there are a few innate components of an infant's visual system.", "Lea test __knowledge__ The LEA Vision Test System is a series of pediatric vision tests designed specifically for children who do not know how to read the letters of the alphabet that are typically used in eye charts.", "Lea test __knowledge__ There are numerous variants of the LEA test which can be used to assess the visual capabilities of near vision and distance vision, as well as several other aspects of occupational health, such as contrast sensitivity, visual field, color vision, visual adaptation, motion perception, and ocular function and accommodation (eye).", "Lea test __knowledge__ The first version of the LEA test was developed in 1976 by Finnish pediatric ophthalmologist Lea Hyvärinen, MD, PhD.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ B3 is a medical based Paralympic classification for blind sport.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ Competitors in this classification have partial sight, with visual acuity from 2/60 to 6/60.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ It is used by a number of blind sports including para-alpine skiing, para-Nordic skiing, blind cricket, blind golf, five-a-side football, goalball and judo.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ Some other sports, including adaptive rowing, athletics and swimming, have equivalents to this class.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ The B3 classification was first created by the IBSA in the 1970s, and has largely remained unchanged since despite an effort by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) to move towards a more functional and evidence-based classification system." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity is dependent on optical and neural factors, i.e., (i) the sharpness of the retinal focus within the eye, (ii) the health and functioning of the retina, and (iii) the sensitivity of the interpretative faculty of the brain.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ A common cause of low visual acuity is refractive error (ametropia), or errors in how the light is refracted in the eyeball.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Causes of refractive errors include aberrations in the shape of the eyeball, the shape of the cornea, and reduced flexibility of the lens.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Too high or too low refractive error (in relation to the length of the eyeball) is the cause of nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia) (normal refractive status is referred to as emmetropia).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Other optical causes are astigmatism or more complex corneal irregularities.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ These anomalies can mostly be corrected by optical means (such as eyeglasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, etc.).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Neural factors that limit acuity are located in the retina or the brain (or the pathway leading there).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Examples for the first are a detached retina and macular degeneration, to name just two.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Another common impairment, amblyopia, is caused by the visual brain not having developed properly in early childhood.", "Cataract __knowledge__ A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye which leads to a decrease in vision.", "Cataract __knowledge__ Cataracts often develop slowly and can affect one or both eyes.", "Cataract __knowledge__ Symptoms may include faded colors, blurry vision, halos around light, trouble with bright lights, and trouble seeing at night.", "Cataract __knowledge__ This may result in trouble driving, reading, or recognizing faces.", "Cataract __knowledge__ Poor vision caused by cataracts may also result in an increased risk of falling and depression.", "Cataract __knowledge__ Cataracts are the cause of half of blindness and 33% of visual impairment worldwide.", "Cataract __knowledge__ Cataracts are most commonly due to aging but may also occur due to trauma or radiation exposure, be present from birth, or occur following eye surgery for other problems.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss, is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses or contact lenses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment is often defined as a best corrected visual acuity of worse than either 20/40 or 20/60.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The term blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment may cause people difficulties with normal daily activities such as driving, reading, socializing, and walking.", "Grand Falls-Windsor Cataracts __knowledge__ The Grand Falls-Windsor Cataracts are a senior ice hockey team based in Grand Falls-Windsor, Newfoundland and Labrador and a member of the Central West Senior Hockey League.", "Grand Falls-Windsor Cataracts __knowledge__ Since 1966, the Cataracts have been awarded the Herder Memorial Trophy seven times as all-Newfoundland senior hockey champions.", "Grand Falls-Windsor Cataracts __knowledge__ They are the current Newfoundland senior hockey champions, winning back-to-back titles.", "Grand Falls-Windsor Cataracts __knowledge__ The club has received the Evening Telegram Trophy on four occasions after finishing first in the NSHL regular season.", "Grand Falls-Windsor Cataracts __knowledge__ The Cataracts have played all their home games at the Joe Byrne Memorial Stadium, formerly known as the Grand Falls Stadium until 1991.", "BRCA mutation __knowledge__ A \"BRCA\" mutation is a mutation in either of the \"BRCA1\" and \"BRCA2\" genes, which are tumour suppressor genes.", "BRCA mutation __knowledge__ Hundreds of different types of mutations in these genes have been identified, some of which have been determined to be harmful, while others have no proven impact.", "BRCA mutation __knowledge__ Harmful mutations in these genes may produce a hereditary breast-ovarian cancer syndrome in affected persons.", "BRCA mutation __knowledge__ Only 5-10% of breast cancer cases in women are attributed to \"BRCA1\" and \"BRCA2\" mutations (with \"BRCA1\" mutations being slightly more common than \"BRCA2\" mutations), but the impact on women with the gene mutation is more profound.", "Congenital cataract __knowledge__ Congenital cataracts refers to a lens opacity present at birth.", "Congenital cataract __knowledge__ Congenital cataracts cover a broad spectrum of severity: whereas some lens opacities do not progress and are visually insignificant, others can produce profound visual impairment.", "Congenital cataract __knowledge__ Congenital cataracts may be unilateral or bilateral.", "Congenital cataract __knowledge__ They can be classified by morphology, presumed or defined genetic cause, presence of specific metabolic disorders, or associated ocular anomalies or systemic findings.", "Congenital cataract __knowledge__ Congenital cataracts occur in a variety of morphologic configurations, including lamellar, polar, sutural, coronary, cerulean, nuclear, capsular, complete, membranous.", "African military systems to 1800 __knowledge__ African military systems to 1800 refers to the evolution of military systems on the African continent prior to 1800, with emphasis on the role of indigenous states and peoples.", "African military systems to 1800 __knowledge__ Development of the military art generally moved from the simple to the more sophisticated as economies and cultures became more elaborate.", "African military systems to 1800 __knowledge__ Areas such as Carthage, Egypt and Nubia are reflected in the antiquarian period.", "African military systems to 1800 __knowledge__ The pre-colonial period also saw a number of military systems- from cavalry empires on the grasslands, to kingdoms in more tropical and forested areas.", "African military systems to 1800 __knowledge__ The emergence of the gunpowder era, alongside developments in indigenous organization and culture, was to spark far-reaching consequences cutting across all regions, with ripple effects in culture, politics and economies.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ The \"Treatise\" is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ In the introduction Hume presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human nature.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ Impressed by Isaac Newton's achievements in the physical sciences, Hume sought to introduce the same experimental method of reasoning into the study of human psychology, with the aim of discovering the \"extent and force of human understanding\".", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ The Paralympic Games is a major international multi-sport event involving athletes with a range of disabilities, including impaired muscle power (e.g.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ paraplegia and quadriplegia, muscular dystrophy, post-polio syndrome, spina bifida), impaired passive range of movement, limb deficiency (e.g.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ amputation or dysmelia), leg length difference, short stature, hypertonia, ataxia, athetosis, vision impairment and intellectual impairment.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ There are Winter and Summer Paralympic Games, which since the 1988 Summer Games in Seoul, South Korea, are held almost immediately following the respective Olympic Games.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ Para-equestrian classification is a system for para-equestrian sport is a graded system based on the degree of physical or visual disability and handled at the international level by the FEI.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ The sport has eligible classifications for people with physical and vision disabilities.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ Groups of eligible riders include The sport is open to competitors with impaired muscle power, athetosis, impaired passive range of movement, hypertonia, limb deficiency, ataxia, leg length difference, short stature, and vision impairment.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ They are grouped into five different classes to allow fair competition.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ These classes are Grade Ia, Grade Ib, Grade II, Grade III, and Grade IV.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ Spaceflight induced visual impairment is hypothesized to be a result of increased intracranial pressure.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ The study of visual changes and intracranial pressure (ICP) in astronauts on long-duration flights is a relatively recent topic of interest to Space Medicine professionals.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ Although reported signs and symptoms have not appeared to be severe enough to cause blindness in the near term, long term consequences of chronically elevated intracranial pressure is unknown.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ NASA has reported that fifteen long-duration male astronauts (45–55 years of age) have experienced confirmed visual and anatomical changes during or after long-duration flights.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses or sun glasses are a form of protective eyewear designed primarily to prevent bright sunlight and high-energy visible light from damaging or discomforting the eyes.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ They can sometimes also function as a visual aid, as variously termed spectacles or glasses exist, featuring lenses that are colored, polarized or darkened.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, they were also known as sun cheaters (cheaters being an American slang term for glasses).", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ The American Optometric Association recommends sunglasses whenever a person is in the sun to protect the eyes from ultraviolet radiation (UV) and blue light, which can cause several serious eye problems.", "Cortical visual impairment __knowledge__ Cortical visual impairment (CVI) is a form of visual impairment that is caused by a brain problem rather than an eye problem.", "Cortical visual impairment __knowledge__ (The latter is sometimes termed \"ocular visual impairment\" when discussed in contrast to cortical visual impairment.)", "Cortical visual impairment __knowledge__ Some people have both CVI and a form of ocular visual impairment.", "Cortical visual impairment __knowledge__ CVI is also sometimes known as cortical blindness, although most people with CVI are not totally blind.", "Cortical visual impairment __knowledge__ The term neurological visual impairment (NVI) covers both CVI and total cortical blindness.", "Cortical visual impairment __knowledge__ Delayed visual maturation, another form of NVI, is similar to CVI, except the child's visual difficulties resolve in a few months.", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ Cortical blindness is the total or partial loss of vision in a normal-appearing eye caused by damage to the brain's occipital cortex.", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ Cortical blindness can be acquired or congenital, and may also be transient in certain instances.", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ Acquired cortical blindness is most often caused by loss of blood flow to the occipital cortex from either unilateral or bilateral posterior cerebral artery blockage (ischemic stroke) and by cardiac surgery.", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ In most cases, the complete loss of vision is not permanent and the patient may recover some of their vision (Cortical visual impairment).", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ Congenital cortical blindness is most often caused by perinatal ischemic stroke, encephalitis, and meningitis." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity is dependent on optical and neural factors, i.e., (i) the sharpness of the retinal focus within the eye, (ii) the health and functioning of the retina, and (iii) the sensitivity of the interpretative faculty of the brain.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ A common cause of low visual acuity is refractive error (ametropia), or errors in how the light is refracted in the eyeball.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Causes of refractive errors include aberrations in the shape of the eyeball, the shape of the cornea, and reduced flexibility of the lens.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Too high or too low refractive error (in relation to the length of the eyeball) is the cause of nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia) (normal refractive status is referred to as emmetropia).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Other optical causes are astigmatism or more complex corneal irregularities.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ These anomalies can mostly be corrected by optical means (such as eyeglasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, etc.).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Neural factors that limit acuity are located in the retina or the brain (or the pathway leading there).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Examples for the first are a detached retina and macular degeneration, to name just two.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Another common impairment, amblyopia, is caused by the visual brain not having developed properly in early childhood.", "Inattentional blindness __knowledge__ Inattentional blindness, also known as perceptual blindness, is a psychological lack of attention that is not associated with any vision defects or deficits.", "Inattentional blindness __knowledge__ It may be further defined as the event in which an individual fails to perceive an unexpected stimulus that is in plain sight.", "Inattentional blindness __knowledge__ When it simply becomes impossible for one to attend to all the stimuli in a given situation, a temporary blindness effect can take place as a result; that is, individuals fail to see objects or stimuli that are unexpected and quite often salient.", "Inattentional blindness __knowledge__ The term was coined by Arien Mack and Irvin Rock in 1992 and was used as the title of their book of the same name, published by MIT press in 1998, in which they describe the discovery of the phenomenon and include a collection of procedures used in describing it.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness, also known as color vision deficiency, is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness can make some educational activities difficult.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Buying fruit, picking clothing, and reading traffic lights can be more challenging, for example.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Problems, however, are generally minor and most people adapt.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ People with total color blindness, however, may also have decreased visual acuity and be uncomfortable in bright environments.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ The most common cause of color blindness is an inherited fault in the development of one or more of the three sets of color sensing cones in the eye.", "Change blindness __knowledge__ Change blindness is a perceptual phenomenon that occurs when a change in a visual stimulus is introduced and the observer does not notice it.", "Change blindness __knowledge__ For example, observers often fail to notice major differences introduced into an image while it flickers off and on again.", "Change blindness __knowledge__ People's poor ability to detect changes has been argued to reflect fundamental limitations of human attention.", "Change blindness __knowledge__ Change blindness has become a highly researched topic and some have argued that it may have important practical implications in areas such as eyewitness testimony and distractions while driving.", "Change blindness __knowledge__ Outside of the domain of psychology, phenomena related to change blindness have been discussed since the 19th century.", "Mind-blindness __knowledge__ Mind-blindness is a cognitive disorder where an individual is unable to attribute mental states to others.", "Mind-blindness __knowledge__ As a result of this kind of social and empathetic cognitive deficit, the individual is incapable in putting himself \"into someone else's shoes\" and cannot conceptualize, understand or predict knowledge, thoughts and beliefs, emotions, feelings and desires, behaviour, actions and intentions of another person.", "Mind-blindness __knowledge__ Such an ability to develop a mental awareness of what is in the other minds is known as the theory of mind (ToM), and the \"Mind-blindness\" Theory asserts that children who delay in this development often are or will be autistic and Asperger's syndrome (AS) patients.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss, is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses or contact lenses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment is often defined as a best corrected visual acuity of worse than either 20/40 or 20/60.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The term blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment may cause people difficulties with normal daily activities such as driving, reading, socializing, and walking.", "Glaucoma __knowledge__ Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases which result in damage to the optic nerve and vision loss.", "Glaucoma __knowledge__ The most common type is open-angle glaucoma with less common types including closed-angle glaucoma and normal-tension glaucoma.", "Glaucoma __knowledge__ Open-angle glaucoma develops slowly over time and there is no pain.", "Glaucoma __knowledge__ Side vision may begin to decrease followed by central vision resulting in blindness if not treated.", "Glaucoma __knowledge__ Closed-angle glaucoma can present gradually or suddenly.", "Glaucoma __knowledge__ The sudden presentation may involve severe eye pain, blurred vision, mid-dilated pupil, redness of the eye, and nausea.", "Glaucoma __knowledge__ Vision loss from glaucoma, once it has occurred, is permanent.", "List of Slayers characters __knowledge__ This is a list of major characters from the Japanese anime, manga and light novel series Slayers.", "List of Slayers characters __knowledge__ The series of novels written by Hajime Kanzaka was serialized in \"Dragon Magazine\", adapted into several manga titles, five televised anime series, two three-episode original video animations, and five anime films.", "List of Slayers characters __knowledge__ \"Slayers\" follows the adventures of teenage sorceress Lina Inverse and her companions as they journey through their world.", "List of Slayers characters __knowledge__ Using powerful magic and swordsmanship, they battle difficult overreaching wizards, demons seeking to destroy the world, dark lords, and the occasional hapless gang of bandits.", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ Cortical blindness is the total or partial loss of vision in a normal-appearing eye caused by damage to the brain's occipital cortex.", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ Cortical blindness can be acquired or congenital, and may also be transient in certain instances.", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ Acquired cortical blindness is most often caused by loss of blood flow to the occipital cortex from either unilateral or bilateral posterior cerebral artery blockage (ischemic stroke) and by cardiac surgery.", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ In most cases, the complete loss of vision is not permanent and the patient may recover some of their vision (Cortical visual impairment).", "Cortical blindness __knowledge__ Congenital cortical blindness is most often caused by perinatal ischemic stroke, encephalitis, and meningitis.", "Total loss __knowledge__ In insurance, a total loss or write-off is a judgment, by the insurer, that the lost value or repair cost of a damaged property exceeds the value of its policy, resulting in what it concludes is a \"total loss\" or \"constructive total loss\" A constructive total loss factors other incidental expenses beyond repair, such as salvage.", "Total loss __knowledge__ Policies covering homes, vehicles and other non-investment assets subject to depreciation typically pay the insured only a fraction of the cost of replacing the property, meaning they could become \"total losses\" even though some value remains.", "Total loss __knowledge__ About one in seven car accident claims results in a \"total\".", "Gene therapy for color blindness __knowledge__ Gene therapy for color blindness is an experimental gene therapy aiming to convert congenitally colorblind individuals to trichromats by introducing a photopigment gene that they lack.", "Gene therapy for color blindness __knowledge__ Though partial color blindness is considered only a mild disability and is controversial whether it is even a disorder, it is a condition that affects many people, particularly males.", "Gene therapy for color blindness __knowledge__ Complete color blindness, or achromatopsia, is very rare but more severe.", "Gene therapy for color blindness __knowledge__ While never demonstrated in humans, animal studies have shown that it is possible to confer color vision by injecting a gene of the missing photopigment using gene therapy." ] ]

[ 1, 47, 21, 48 ]

[ "I just found out that visual acuity is just a fancy name for how clear your vision is.", "I don't, but I do know that visual impairment is the term for issues glasses can't correct", "Blindness is included, which is almost total loss of vision", "If it is cortical blindness, it's often temporary, so it cures itself" ]

[ "Visual acuity", "Visual acuity", "Visual acuity", "Visual acuity" ]

[ "Ice hockey", "I know! I love it! I even like the fights!", "Yes, it's great! I don't know a lot about how the game is played. It goes so quickly. How long is a typical game?", "I can understand that! It's nice to be inside in the Arizona heat! What else do you know about hockey? Do girls play?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ North America's National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's ice hockey and the strongest professional ice hockey league in the world.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey, with the IIHF managing international tournaments and maintaining the IIHF World Ranking." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ North America's National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's ice hockey and the strongest professional ice hockey league in the world.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey, with the IIHF managing international tournaments and maintaining the IIHF World Ranking.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (, lit: \"How many knots are left to untie?\")", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ is a Pakistani drama series, airs on Hum TV.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Created by Angeline Malik, the series is a sequel of the anthology series \"Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain\" (20112014).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It premiered on 30 October 2016 with a different cast and different story.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It revolves around a married couple, Saba (Hira Salman) and Kamran (Hassan Ahmed).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ They ask Jameela (servant) to give another servant duty if he/she is interested.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She suppresses Rozi (Ushna Shah).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Saba is strict with her servants especially with Rozi.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She drinks water in Saba's glass, to which JHOOTA BURTAN has been derived.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Mercedes Maria Theresa Immaculata McQueen (also Owen, Fisher and Browning) is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera, \"Hollyoaks\", played by Jennifer Metcalfe.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ She debuted on-screen during the episode airing on 19 June 2006 as the first character to be introduced to the series by series producer, Bryan Kirkwood.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ In 2008 Metcalfe feared that the character was to be axed but was later reassured by the series producer that she would not be.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Metcalfe later stated her intention to stay with the series.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Mercedes is part of the McQueen family and is the longest serving McQueen on the series.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ This list is of characters featured in the \"Gaunt's Ghosts\" series of novels by Dan Abnett, which are set in the fictional \"Warhammer 40,000\" universe.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Biographical details are included.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Colonel-Commissar Ibram Gaunt is the commanding officer of the Tanith First-and-Only during the Sabbat Worlds Crusade.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Not much is known of Gaunt's past prior to his training under Commissar-General Delane Oktar, but several flashbacks in \"First and Only\" tell enough to form a picture of his early years (according to the records, his mother died shortly after he was born and his father was killed in action by Orks on the planet Kentaur).", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "List of Samurai Deeper Kyo characters __knowledge__ This article lists major characters from the anime and manga \"Samurai Deeper Kyo\" his real name is Mibu Kyo, is a legendary man known for his red, demon-like eyes, and called the \"Thousand Slayer\" for killing over one thousand samurai during the Battle of Sekigahara before being defeated by a young man named Mibu Kyoshiro.", "List of Samurai Deeper Kyo characters __knowledge__ After his defeat, his mind fused with Kyoshiro and his body was hidden away somewhere in the forest of Aokigahara.", "List of Samurai Deeper Kyo characters __knowledge__ He is very sadistic and enjoys slaughtering anyone.", "List of Samurai Deeper Kyo characters __knowledge__ Over time, his bloodlust slowly decreases though he still kills without mercy.", "List of Samurai Deeper Kyo characters __knowledge__ It continues to surface at times, though training with Muramasa helps fully calm him.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Characters of Shakespear's Plays is an 1817 book of criticism of Shakespeare's plays, written by early nineteenth century English essayist and literary critic William Hazlitt.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Composed in reaction to the neoclassical approach to Shakespeare's plays typified by Samuel Johnson, it was among the first English-language studies of Shakespeare's plays to follow the manner of German critic August Wilhelm Schlegel, and, with the work of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, paved the way for the increased appreciation of Shakespeare's genius that was characteristic of later nineteenth-century criticism.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ It was also the first book to cover all of Shakespeare's plays, intended as a guide for the general reader.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Roller in-line hockey is a team sport played on a wood, asphalt, cement or sport tile surface, in which players use a hockey stick to shoot a hard plastic hockey puck into their opponent's goal to score points.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is considered a contact sport but body checking is prohibited.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ However, there are exceptions to that with the NRHL which involves fighting.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Inline hockey teams are composed of up to four lines of players including two forwards and two defensemen on each line.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ There are five players including the goalie from each team on the rink at a time.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is the goalie's job to prevent the other team's players from scoring.", "Street hockey __knowledge__ Street hockey (also known as dek hockey, ball hockey, and in some parts of Canada road hockey) is a variation of the sport of ice hockey where the game is played outdoors on foot, or with inline or roller skates using a ball or puck.", "Street hockey __knowledge__ Both ball and puck are typically designed to be played on non-ice surfaces.", "Street hockey __knowledge__ The object of the game is to score more goals than the opposing team by shooting the ball or puck into the opposing team's net.", "Street hockey __knowledge__ Street hockey in pickup form is generally played under the following guidelines, since there are no \"official rules\" for local pickup hockey: In its most pure form, street hockey is always played on an outdoor surface (very often a street, parking lot, tennis court or other asphalt surface), thus the genesis of the name street hockey.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ Underwater Ice Hockey (also called Sub-aqua Ice Hockey) is a minor extreme sport that is a variant of Ice Hockey.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ It is played upside-down underneath frozen pools or ponds.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ Participants wear diving masks, fins and wetsuits and use the underside of the frozen surface as the playing area for a floating puck.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ Competitors do not use any breathing apparatuses, but instead surface for air every 30 seconds or so.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ It is not to be confused with Underwater Hockey, in which the floor of a swimming pool and a sinking puck are used.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ The idea for the sport is attributed to Christian Redl, an Austrian freediver who is notable for various world free-diving depth records under ice.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Hockey is a sport in which two teams play against each other by trying to maneuver a ball or a puck into the opponent's goal using a hockey stick.", "Hockey __knowledge__ There are many types of hockey such as bandy, field hockey and ice hockey.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Often one variation of the sport, such as field hockey or ice hockey, will predominate in a certain area and be known simply as \"hockey\".", "Hockey __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word \"hockey\" is in the 1773 book \"Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education\" by Richard Johnson (Pseud.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "Ice Hockey Australia __knowledge__ The Australian Ice Hockey Federation, currently trading as Ice Hockey Australia (IHA), is the official national governing body of ice hockey in Australia and is a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation.", "Ice Hockey Australia __knowledge__ It was first established in 1908, making it one of the oldest national ice hockey associations in the world.", "Ice Hockey Australia __knowledge__ The purpose of Ice Hockey Australia is to encourage, promote, control and administer all forms of ice hockey in and throughout Australia through and by various Member States for the mutual and collective benefit of the members and sport itself.", "Ice Hockey Australia __knowledge__ IHA also governs an eight-team, semi-professional league, known as the Australian Ice Hockey League.", "Summit Series __knowledge__ The Summit Series, or Super Series (in Russian \"Суперсерия СССР — Канада\"; \"Superseriya SSSR — Canada\"), known at the time simply as the Canada–USSR Series, was an eight-game series of ice hockey between the Soviet Union and Canada, held in September 1972.", "Summit Series __knowledge__ It was the first competition between the Soviet national team and a Canadian team represented by professional players of the National Hockey League (NHL), known as \"Team Canada\".", "Summit Series __knowledge__ It was the first international ice hockey competition for Canada after Canada had withdrawn from international ice hockey competitions in a dispute with the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ North America's National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's ice hockey and the strongest professional ice hockey league in the world.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey, with the IIHF managing international tournaments and maintaining the IIHF World Ranking.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ The numbered musical notation (), is a musical notation system widely used in music publications in China.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ Not to be confused with the integer notation.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ It dates back to the system designed by Pierre Galin, known as Galin-Paris-Chevé system.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ It is comparable to the Gongche notation from the Tang Dynasty.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ It is also known as Ziffersystem, meaning \"number system\" or \"cipher system\" in German.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ It should be noticed that some other unrelated musical notation systems are also called cipher notations.", "Numbered musical notation __knowledge__ The same system or very similar systems are used to some extent in some other countries such as Japan (with 7th being si), Indonesia, Australia, Ireland, the United Kingdom, the United States and English-speaking Canada.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "Speedball (American ball game) __knowledge__ Speedball is a quick, fast paced sport that combines many aspects of other sports.", "Speedball (American ball game) __knowledge__ Points are scored by throwing or kicking the ball into the opposing goal.", "Speedball (American ball game) __knowledge__ It is played with two teams of five or more, each with one goalie on a basketball court or soccer field.", "Speedball (American ball game) __knowledge__ (variant dependent) The game was invented by Elmer D. Mitchell in the early 1920s at the University of Michigan.", "Speedball (American ball game) __knowledge__ (Pleban and Wiersma 2003) Elmer was a physical education professor, who sought to develop a game that was not restrictive to the rules of any one sport.", "Speedball (American ball game) __knowledge__ He also created the sport to involve more students, especially those who were not as athletic.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Roller in-line hockey is a team sport played on a wood, asphalt, cement or sport tile surface, in which players use a hockey stick to shoot a hard plastic hockey puck into their opponent's goal to score points.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is considered a contact sport but body checking is prohibited.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ However, there are exceptions to that with the NRHL which involves fighting.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ Inline hockey teams are composed of up to four lines of players including two forwards and two defensemen on each line.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ There are five players including the goalie from each team on the rink at a time.", "Roller in-line hockey __knowledge__ It is the goalie's job to prevent the other team's players from scoring.", "Lacrosse in the United States __knowledge__ The sport of lacrosse has been played in the United States long before western expansion.", "Lacrosse in the United States __knowledge__ Over the years, the game has developed into a very popular team sport that is played throughout the entire United States.", "Lacrosse in the United States __knowledge__ Still, the hotbed areas for lacrosse continue to be in the upper north-east part of the country.", "Lacrosse in the United States __knowledge__ Every year the United States puts together six different high caliber level teams to compete on an international level.", "Lacrosse in the United States __knowledge__ There is an under 19 team, an indoor team, and an outdoor team, for both men’s and women’s respectively.", "Lacrosse in the United States __knowledge__ After the first world championship in 1967, the game began being played every four years starting in 1974.", "Seir Kieran GAA __knowledge__ Seir Kieran is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in the Parish of the same name, called after Saint Ciarán of Saighir, who founded the parish as a \"Civitas\" (a monastic city) in the 5th century.", "Seir Kieran GAA __knowledge__ The club is based in the village of Clareen in County Offaly, Ireland.", "Seir Kieran GAA __knowledge__ Seir Kieran caters mainly for players of the games of hurling and camogie, although the club has also competed in the Offaly football competitions and reached the Offaly Senior Football Semi-final in 1927.", "Seir Kieran GAA __knowledge__ Founded in 1887, Seir Kieran is one of the smallest parish-based GAA clubs, comprising (according to the 2011 Census) some 0.5% of Offaly's population.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Field hockey is a team sport of the hockey family.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The earliest origins of the game date back to the Middle Ages in England, Scotland, France and the Netherlands.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The game can be played on a grass field, turf field or synthetic field as well as an indoor board surface.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Each team plays with eleven players, including the goalie.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Players use sticks made out of wood, carbon fibre, fibre glass or a combination of carbon fibre and fibre glass in different quantities (with the higher carbon fibre stick being more expensive and less likely to break) to hit a round, hard, plastic ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The length of the stick depends on the player's individual height.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ Underwater Ice Hockey (also called Sub-aqua Ice Hockey) is a minor extreme sport that is a variant of Ice Hockey.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ It is played upside-down underneath frozen pools or ponds.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ Participants wear diving masks, fins and wetsuits and use the underside of the frozen surface as the playing area for a floating puck.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ Competitors do not use any breathing apparatuses, but instead surface for air every 30 seconds or so.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ It is not to be confused with Underwater Hockey, in which the floor of a swimming pool and a sinking puck are used.", "Underwater ice hockey __knowledge__ The idea for the sport is attributed to Christian Redl, an Austrian freediver who is notable for various world free-diving depth records under ice." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ North America's National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's ice hockey and the strongest professional ice hockey league in the world.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey, with the IIHF managing international tournaments and maintaining the IIHF World Ranking.", "National Pro Fastpitch __knowledge__ National Pro Fastpitch (NPF), formerly the Women's Pro Softball League (WPSL), is the only professional women's softball league in the United States.", "National Pro Fastpitch __knowledge__ NPF currently features six teams: USSSA Pride, Akron Racers, Aussie Spirit, Chicago Bandits, Houston Scrap Yard Dawgs, and Beijing Shougang Eagles.", "National Pro Fastpitch __knowledge__ Each year, the playoff teams battle for the Cowles Cup.", "National Pro Fastpitch __knowledge__ The WPSL was founded in 1997 and folded in 2001; the NPF revived the league in 2004.", "National Pro Fastpitch __knowledge__ Current NPF teams in tan Former NPF members or defunct teams in blue On November 21, 2002, WPSL announced a rebranding strategy and official name change to National Pro Fastpitch.", "John G. Thomas __knowledge__ John G. Thomas is an American filmmaker.", "John G. Thomas __knowledge__ He has been in the film and television business for over 30 years.", "John G. Thomas __knowledge__ A graduate of the USC Film School in production plus a Masters in screenwriting, he has produced and directed dozens of documentaries, feature films and commercials.", "John G. Thomas __knowledge__ Among his feature credits are such films as \"Tin Man\", \"Arizona Heat\", \"Banzai Runner\", \"Healer\" and most recently, \"Hamal 18\".", "John G. Thomas __knowledge__ Thomas spent most of his early life on the sea, near his home town of Coral Gables, Florida.", "John G. Thomas __knowledge__ At the age of 14, Thomas was proficient enough in boating to be the youngest person to sail from Florida to the Bahamas.", "Jocelyn Bioh __knowledge__ Jocelyn Bioh is a Ghanaian-American writer and actor.", "Jocelyn Bioh __knowledge__ She graduated from The Ohio State University with a BA in English and Theater and got her master's degree in Playwriting from Columbia University.", "Jocelyn Bioh __knowledge__ Jocelyn's Broadway credits include \"The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Nighttime\".", "Jocelyn Bioh __knowledge__ She performed in regional and off-broadway productions of \"The Octoroon, Bootycandy\" and \"For Colored Girls\".", "Jocelyn Bioh __knowledge__ She has written many of her own plays that have been produced in national and collegiate theaters.", "Jocelyn Bioh __knowledge__ Some of her more well-known works include: \"Nollywood Dreams\" and \"School Girls; Or, the African Mean Girls Play\".", "2004 National Pro Fastpitch season __knowledge__ The 2004 National Pro Fastpitch season was the first season of professional softball under the name National Pro Fastpitch for the only professional women's fastpitch softball league in the United States.", "2004 National Pro Fastpitch season __knowledge__ From 1997 to 2002, NPF operated under the names Women’s Pro Fastpitch (WPF) and Women’s Pro Softball League (WPSL).", "2004 National Pro Fastpitch season __knowledge__ Each year, the playoff teams battle for the Cowles Cup.", "2004 National Pro Fastpitch season __knowledge__ The 2004 season was the culmination of years of work to relaunch the Women's Pro Softball League (WPSL) as a new league.", "2004 National Pro Fastpitch season __knowledge__ In November 2002 the new name for WPSL - National Pro Fastpitch - was announced, along with a 2003 tour and league play beginning in 2004.", "WikiHouse __knowledge__ WikiHouse is an open-source project for designing and building houses.", "WikiHouse __knowledge__ It endeavours to democratise and simplify the construction of sustainable, resource-light dwellings.", "WikiHouse __knowledge__ The project was initiated in the summer of 2011 by Alastair Parvin and Nick Ierodiaconou of 00, a London-based strategy and design practice, in collaboration with Tav of Espians, James Arthur now with 00 and Steve Fisher of Momentum Engineering.", "WikiHouse __knowledge__ It was launched at the Gwangju Design Biennale in Gwangju, South Korea.", "WikiHouse __knowledge__ The project has since grown to become a worldwide community of contributors.", "WikiHouse __knowledge__ WikiHouse enables users to download Creative Commons-licensed building plans from its online library, customize them using SketchUp, and then use them to create jigsaw puzzle-like pieces out of plywood with a CNC router.", "Alicia Hollowell __knowledge__ Alicia Kay Hollowell-Dunn (born February 29, 1984) is an American, former collegiate 4-time NCAA Division I All-American, right-handed softball pitcher originally from Suisun, California.", "Alicia Hollowell __knowledge__ She attended Fairfield High School from 1998–2002.", "Alicia Hollowell __knowledge__ She pitched for the Arizona Wildcats from 2003–2006, collecting 144 career wins and 1,768 strikeouts, both top-10 NCAA career records.", "Alicia Hollowell __knowledge__ She currently holds the Arizona Wildcats records for career wins, strikeouts, shutouts, innings pitched and strikeout ratio, in addition to the Pac-12 wins and strikeout ratio crowns.", "Alicia Hollowell __knowledge__ Hollowell once held the NCAA Women's College World Series strikeout record, and won the 2006 NCAA Softball World Series title.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Sports in Canada __knowledge__ Sports in Canada consist of a wide variety of games.", "Sports in Canada __knowledge__ The most common sports are ice hockey, lacrosse, football, soccer, basketball, curling and baseball, with ice hockey and lacrosse being the official winter and summer sports, respectively.", "Sports in Canada __knowledge__ Ice hockey, referred to as simply \"hockey\", is Canada's most prevalent winter sport, its most popular spectator sport, and its most successful sport in international competition.", "Sports in Canada __knowledge__ It is Canada's official national winter sport.", "Sports in Canada __knowledge__ Lacrosse, a sport with Indigenous origins, is Canada's oldest and official summer sport.", "Sports in Canada __knowledge__ Canadian football is Canada's second most popular spectator sport, being the most popular in the prairie provinces.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is a team winter sport played on ice, in which skaters use sticks to direct a ball into the opposing team's goal.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Based on the number of participating athletes, bandy is the world's second most popular winter sport after ice hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is also the number two winter sport in tickets sold per day of competitions at the sport's world championship compared to the other winter sports.", "Bandy __knowledge__ The sport is considered a form of hockey and has a common background with association football, ice hockey and field hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Like football, the game is normally played in halves of 45 minutes each, there are eleven players on each team, and the bandy field is about the same size as a football pitch.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Sports in the United States are an important part of the country's culture.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Based on revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United States are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Major League Soccer is sometimes included in a \"top five\" of leagues of the country.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ All four enjoy wide-ranging domestic media coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their respective sports in the world, although only basketball, baseball, and ice hockey have substantial followings in other nations.", "Culture of Canada __knowledge__ The culture of Canada is a term that embodies the artistic, culinary, literary, humour, musical, political and social elements that are representative of Canada and Canadians.", "Culture of Canada __knowledge__ Throughout Canada's history, its culture has been influenced by European culture and traditions, especially British and French, and by its own indigenous cultures.", "Culture of Canada __knowledge__ Over time, elements of the cultures of Canada's immigrant populations have become incorporated into mainstream Canadian culture.", "Culture of Canada __knowledge__ The population has also been influenced by American culture because of a shared language, proximity, television and migration between the two countries.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The United Kingdom has given birth to a range of major international sports including: association football, rugby (union and league), cricket, netball, darts, golf, tennis, table tennis, badminton, squash, bowls, modern rowing, hockey, boxing, snooker, billiards, and curling.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ This has meant that in the infancy of many sports, England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland formed among the earliest separate governing bodies, national teams and domestic league competitions.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ After 1922 some sports formed separate bodies for Northern Ireland though some continued to be organised on an all-Ireland basis.", "Sport in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ In a small number of sports, these teams are supplemented by high-profile events featuring a combined team representing one or more nations.", "History of Canadian sports __knowledge__ The History of Canadian sports falls into five stages of development: early recreational activities before 1840; the start of organized competition, 1840-1880; the emergence of national organizations, 1882-1914; the rapid growth of both amateur and professional sports, 1914 to 1960; and developments of the last half-century.", "History of Canadian sports __knowledge__ Some sports, especially hockey, lacrosse and curling enjoy an international reputation as particularly Canadian.", "History of Canadian sports __knowledge__ Canadian sports attract large numbers of participants and huge audiences; hockey, played by 1.4 million Canadians, has become part of the national identity.", "History of Canadian sports __knowledge__ Team sports often involved informal gambling." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4, 7 ]

[ "Ice hockey is such a fun sport! Hockey on ice, a puck and sticks.... what could be better?", "It's such a fast paced game, with all 5 players and the goalie zipping up and down the ice!", "I believe it's like soccer - two halves. My son played one year, but never a full game. It's the official winter sport in Canada. In AZ, it's the official summer sport! All the mom's want their kids in hockey in the summer - not soccer or baseball!", "Girls can play, but not in the big leagues. The International Ice Hockey Federation governs the rules of hockey." ]

[ "Ice hockey", "Ice hockey", "Ice hockey", "Ice hockey" ]

[ "Dallas\nDallas is an interesting city in Texas, but I have never been.", "I did not know that. I need to go to the state of Texas pretty badly.", "I bet that Dallas is a pretty interesting place. I know the Mavericks are housed there", "I know that Dirk Nowitzki plays for them. He's so good", "I heard that he is probably the greatest European basketball player of all time" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas () is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.", "Dallas __knowledge__ It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, which is the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's population ranks ninth in the U.S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's prominence arose from its historical importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries, and its position along numerous railroad lines.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat; however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties.", "Dallas __knowledge__ According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The United States Census Bureau's estimate for the city's population increased to 1,317,929 as of July 1, 2016.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas is one of the fastest-growing cities in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ From 2010 to 2016, Dallas recorded the highest net domestic migration in the country, in excess of 300,000.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Overall, the Dallas–Fort Worth metro area had the second largest population increase among metro areas in the U.S., which recorded a population of 7,233,323 as of July 1, 2016, an increase of 807,000 people since the 2010 census.", "Aspley, Queensland __knowledge__ Aspley is a suburb of the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.", "Aspley, Queensland __knowledge__ It is located about north and about a half-hour drive north of the Brisbane central business district.", "Aspley, Queensland __knowledge__ It is positioned on flat ground south of Cabbage Tree Creek, centred on Little Cabbage Tree Creek and on the surrounding hills to the east and south.", "Aspley, Queensland __knowledge__ Soon after Brisbane was declared a free settlement in 1842, people began exploring the lands north of Brisbane City.", "Aspley, Queensland __knowledge__ A northern route followed aboriginal tracks through what is now Kelvin Grove, Enoggera, Everton Hills, Albany Creek onto North Pine.", "Aspley, Queensland __knowledge__ This route is still known as \"'Old Northern Road'\" and \"'Old North Road'\" in places.", "Aspley, Nottingham __knowledge__ Aspley is a council estate and a ward of the city of Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, England.", "Aspley, Nottingham __knowledge__ It is located within the boundaries of Nottingham City Council.", "Aspley, Nottingham __knowledge__ The ward is located 3 miles (4.8 km) west of Nottingham City Centre and is located only 1.6 miles west of Junction 26 of the M1.", "Aspley, Nottingham __knowledge__ It lies south of Bulwell, west of Basford and is north of Bilborough.", "Aspley, Nottingham __knowledge__ The principal road in the ward is the A610.", "Aspley, Nottingham __knowledge__ At the 2001 Census the ward had a population of 15,689, increasing to 17,622 at the 2011 census.", "Aspley, Nottingham __knowledge__ For a number of centuries the ward consisted of just a number of small settlements and was home to both Broxtowe and Aspley Hall, the latter home to the Willoughby family for a number of generations.", "Nottingham Bluecoat Academy __knowledge__ Bluecoat Academy is a Church of England voluntary aided secondary school in the Aspley area of Nottingham, England, dating back to 1706.", "Nottingham Bluecoat Academy __knowledge__ In 2007, the school had 1550 students aged six to eighteen, including 250 Sixth form students.", "Nottingham Bluecoat Academy __knowledge__ Prior to receiving Academy status in January 2012, the school was titled The Nottingham Bluecoat School and Technology College.", "Nottingham Bluecoat Academy __knowledge__ Since 2004, the school has had two campuses, one in Aspley and one in Wollaton, and, since 2014, has sponsored the Bluecoat Beechdale Academy.", "Nottingham Bluecoat Academy __knowledge__ The school was founded in 1706 as the first charity school in Nottingham, under the guidance of the then rector of St. Peter's Church, Timothy Fenton.", "Aspley Guise __knowledge__ Aspley Guise is a village and civil parish in the west of Central Bedfordshire, England.", "Aspley Guise __knowledge__ It directly adjoins Woburn Sands in the Borough of Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, it is centred east by southeast of Milton Keynes and south of the M1 motorway's junction 13.", "Aspley Guise __knowledge__ It has its own railway station, three calling points from Bletchley on the West Coast Main Line, and a large historic centre with 29 listed buildings, four of which are in the second highest category.", "Aspley Guise __knowledge__ \"Asperele\" and \"Aspel\" are recorded in Letter Patents, Assize Rolls and such documents of the 13th century, with the names \"Aspelegise\" appearing in the following century.", "Aspley Broncos __knowledge__ The Aspley Broncos (formerly Aspley Demons and Aspley Devils) are a rugby league club in Brisbane, Australia.", "Aspley Broncos __knowledge__ Aspley competes in the FOGS Cup and FOGS Colts Challenge competitions.", "Aspley Broncos __knowledge__ In 2007 they competed in the Queensland Cup as a feeder club to the Brisbane Broncos.", "Aspley Broncos __knowledge__ The Aspley RLFC first became a member of the Brisbane Rugby League Junior Division in 1968 under the name Norths Aspley, and was formed the previous year following a meeting of locals interested in establishing a rugby league club in Aspley.", "Aspley Broncos __knowledge__ In the club's first season it fielded four teams, with the Under-13s winning the Premiership.", "The Devil's Novice __knowledge__ The Devil's Novice is a medieval mystery novel by Ellis Peters, set in fall 1140.", "The Devil's Novice __knowledge__ It is the eighth novel in the Cadfael Chronicles, first published in 1983 (1983 in literature).", "The Devil's Novice __knowledge__ It is the Anarchy, when Empress Maud's forces are rising, King Stephen is strengthening ties with needed allies, and lords of manors must choose a side.", "The Devil's Novice __knowledge__ A sturdy younger son of a local manor arrives at the Abbey at Shrewsbury, to be a novice.", "The Devil's Novice __knowledge__ Brother Cadfael and Abbot Radulfus must work to understand why this troubled young man thinks he is fit to be a monk.", "The Devil's Novice __knowledge__ It was adapted for television in 1996 by Central for ITV.", "The Devil's Novice __knowledge__ In mid September 1140, Meriet Aspley, the younger son of Leoric Aspley, the lord of Aspley manor, petitions the Abbey of Saint Peter and Saint Paul to become a monk.", "William Aspley __knowledge__ William Aspley (died 1640) was a London publisher of the Elizabethan, Jacobean, and Caroline eras.", "William Aspley __knowledge__ He was a member of the publishing syndicates that issued the First Folio and Second Folio collections of Shakespeare's plays, in 1623 and 1632.", "William Aspley __knowledge__ The publisher was the son of a William Aspley of Royston, Cambridgeshire; he served a nine-year apprenticeship under George Bishop that started at Christmas 1587.", "William Aspley __knowledge__ Aspley's professional career was notable for its longevity: he became a \"freeman\" (a full member) of the Stationers Company on 4 April 1597, and remained active for the next four decades.", "William Aspley __knowledge__ He served in the office of Master of the Company in 1640, the year he died." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas () is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.", "Dallas __knowledge__ It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, which is the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's population ranks ninth in the U.S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's prominence arose from its historical importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries, and its position along numerous railroad lines.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat; however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties.", "Dallas __knowledge__ According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The United States Census Bureau's estimate for the city's population increased to 1,317,929 as of July 1, 2016.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas is one of the fastest-growing cities in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ From 2010 to 2016, Dallas recorded the highest net domestic migration in the country, in excess of 300,000.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Overall, the Dallas–Fort Worth metro area had the second largest population increase among metro areas in the U.S., which recorded a population of 7,233,323 as of July 1, 2016, an increase of 807,000 people since the 2010 census.", "Delamination (geology) __knowledge__ In geophysics, delamination refers to the loss and sinking (foundering) of the portion of the lowermost lithosphere from the tectonic plate to which it was attached.", "Delamination (geology) __knowledge__ The outer portion of the Earth is divided into an upper, lithosphere layer and a lower, asthenosphere layer.", "Delamination (geology) __knowledge__ The lithosphere layer is composed of two parts, an upper, the crustal lithosphere and lower, the mantle lithosphere.", "Delamination (geology) __knowledge__ The crustal lithosphere is in unstable mechanical equilibrium because the underlying mantle lithosphere has a greater density than the asthenosphere below.", "Delamination (geology) __knowledge__ The difference in densities can be explained by thermal expansion/contraction, composition, and phase changes.", "Internet in Moldova __knowledge__ Internet in Moldova belongs to the fastest and cheapest in the world.", "Internet in Moldova __knowledge__ The country ranks 3d in the world by gigabit coverage with around 90% of the population having the option to subscribe to a gigabit plan.", "Internet in Moldova __knowledge__ The overall infrastructure is well developed which allows many users to experience good quality services throughout the country.", "Internet in Moldova __knowledge__ However, despite high speeds and cheap prices, the penetration level is quite low when compared with many EU or CIS countries.", "Internet in Moldova __knowledge__ In 2015 there were 80 registered Internet Service Provider's (ISP's) in the country with the majority being local or regional with only a few offering their services throughout the country.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Alfonso Gómez __knowledge__ Alfonso Salvador Gómez Becerra (born October 28, 1980), best known as Alfonso Gómez, is a Mexican professional boxer.", "Alfonso Gómez __knowledge__ He was a competitor on the reality TV show \"The Contender\", where he finished third out of sixteen fighters.", "Alfonso Gómez __knowledge__ Gómez was born in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico, but his parents subsequently moved to the city of Napa, California where he graduated in 1998 from Napa High and (later) Tustin, California, partly so as to enable Alfonso to go to college and continue boxing.", "Alfonso Gómez __knowledge__ He had started boxing at age 8, and had an amateur record of 80 wins and 10 losses.", "Alfonso Gómez __knowledge__ He was managed along the way by his father, an ex-boxer himself.", "Arthur de Gobineau __knowledge__ Count Joseph Arthur de Gobineau (14 July 1816 – 13 October 1882) was a French aristocrat who was best known by his contemporaries as a novelist, diplomat and travel writer but is today most remembered for developing the theory of the Aryan master race and helping to legitimise racism by scientific racist theory and \"racial demography\".", "Arthur de Gobineau __knowledge__ Gobineau was an elitist who, in the immediate aftermath of the Revolutions of 1848, wrote a 1400-page book, \"An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races\", in which he claimed that aristocrats were superior to commoners and that they possessed more Aryan genetic traits because of less interbreeding with inferior races (Alpines and Mediterraneans).", "Momal Rano __knowledge__ Momal Rano or Mumal Rano () is a romantic tale of Momal and Rano from the Sindhi folklore and Rajasthani folklore.", "Momal Rano __knowledge__ It is a multifaceted story that entails adventure, magic, schemes, beauty, love, ordeals of separation and above all romantic tragedy.", "Momal Rano __knowledge__ The fame of the story is ascribed to Ganj or Shah Jo Risalo; the poetry book Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai wrote, which also included other stories like \"Umar Marui\", \"Sohni Mehar\", \"Sassui Punhun\", \"Noori Jam Tamachi\", \"Sorath Rai Diyach\" and \"Sohni Mehar\".", "Momal Rano __knowledge__ The protagonists of these seven tales are women; hence, including Momal, all have remained cultural icons in Sindhi Literature and known as the Seven Heroines () of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai.", "Wendell Willkie __knowledge__ Wendell Lewis Willkie (born Lewis Wendell Willkie; February 18, 1892 – October 8, 1944) was an American lawyer and corporate executive, and the 1940 Republican nominee for President.", "Wendell Willkie __knowledge__ Willkie appealed to many convention delegates as the Republican field's only interventionist: although the U.S. remained neutral prior to Pearl Harbor, he favored greater U.S. involvement in World War II to support Britain and other Allies.", "Wendell Willkie __knowledge__ His Democratic opponent, incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt, won the 1940 election with about 55% of the popular vote and took the electoral college vote by a wide margin.", "Fort Worth, Texas __knowledge__ Fort Worth () is the 16th-largest city in the United States and the fifth-largest city in the state of Texas.", "Fort Worth, Texas __knowledge__ The city is located in North Central Texas.", "Fort Worth, Texas __knowledge__ It is the county seat of Tarrant County, covering nearly into three other counties; Denton, Parker and Wise.", "Fort Worth, Texas __knowledge__ According to the 2016 census estimates, Fort Worth's population is 854,113.", "Fort Worth, Texas __knowledge__ The city is the in the Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington metropolitan area (the \"DFW Metroplex\").", "Fort Worth, Texas __knowledge__ The city was established in 1849 as an Army outpost on a bluff overlooking the Trinity River.", "Fort Worth, Texas __knowledge__ Today, Fort Worth still embraces its Western heritage and traditional architecture and design.", "Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex __knowledge__ The Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington, TX Metropolitan Statistical Area, the official title designated by the United States Office of Management and Budget, encompasses 13 counties within the U.S. state of Texas.", "Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex __knowledge__ Residents of the area refer to it as the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex, DFW, or The Metroplex.", "Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex __knowledge__ It is the economic and cultural hub of the region commonly called North Texas or North Central Texas and the largest inland metropolitan area in the United States.", "Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex __knowledge__ The population of the Dallas–Fort Worth Metroplex is 7,233,323 according to the 2016 U.S. Census, making it the largest metropolitan area in Texas, the largest in the South, the fourth-largest in the United States, and the tenth-largest in the Americas.", "Denton, Texas __knowledge__ Denton is a city in and the county seat of Denton County, Texas, United States.", "Denton, Texas __knowledge__ As of the 2010 United States Census, its population was 113,383, making it the 27th-most populous city in Texas, the 200th-most populous city in the United States, and the 12th-most populous city in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex.", "Denton, Texas __knowledge__ A Texas land grant led to the formation of Denton County in 1846, and the city was incorporated in 1866.", "Denton, Texas __knowledge__ Both were named after pioneer and Texas militia captain John B. Denton.", "Denton, Texas __knowledge__ The arrival of a railroad line in the city in 1881 spurred population, and the establishment of the University of North Texas in 1890 and Texas Woman's University in 1901 distinguished the city from neighboring regions.", "Texas __knowledge__ Texas (, ; ) is the second-largest state in the United States by both area and population.", "Texas __knowledge__ Geographically located in the South Central region of the country, Texas shares borders with the U.S. states of Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the southwest, while the Gulf of Mexico is to the southeast.", "Texas __knowledge__ Houston is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth largest in the U.S., while San Antonio is the second-most populous in the state and seventh largest in the U.S. Dallas–Fort Worth and Greater Houston are the fourth and fifth largest metropolitan statistical areas in the country, respectively.", "Lewisville, Texas __knowledge__ Lewisville ( ) is a city in Denton County, Texas, United States.", "Lewisville, Texas __knowledge__ It is a northwestern suburb of Dallas.", "Lewisville, Texas __knowledge__ The 2000 United States Census placed the city's population at 77,737 and the 2010 Census placed it at 95,290, making it one of the fastest-growing city populations in the United States and the 33rd most populous in Texas.", "Lewisville, Texas __knowledge__ It occupies of land and includes of Lewisville Lake.", "Lewisville, Texas __knowledge__ Originally called Holford's Prairie, Lewisville dates back to the early 1840s.", "Lewisville, Texas __knowledge__ The arrival of the town's first railroad in 1881 engendered its initial growth, and the expansion of the area's transportation infrastructure spurred further development in the early part of the 20th century.", "KTVT __knowledge__ KTVT, virtual channel 11 (UHF digital channel 19), is a CBS owned-and-operated television station licensed to Fort Worth, Texas, United States and serving the Dallas–Fort Worth Metroplex.", "KTVT __knowledge__ The station is owned by the CBS Television Stations subsidiary of CBS Corporation, as part of a duopoly with independent station KTXA (channel 21), also licensed to Fort Worth.", "KTVT __knowledge__ The two stations share primary studio facilities on Bridge Street (off I-30), east of downtown Fort Worth; KTVT operates a secondary studio and newsroom—which also houses advertising sales offices for both stations, as well as the Dallas bureau for CBS News—at the CBS Tower on North Central Expressway and Coit Road (north of NorthPark Center) in Dallas." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas () is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.", "Dallas __knowledge__ It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, which is the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's population ranks ninth in the U.S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's prominence arose from its historical importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries, and its position along numerous railroad lines.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat; however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties.", "Dallas __knowledge__ According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The United States Census Bureau's estimate for the city's population increased to 1,317,929 as of July 1, 2016.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas is one of the fastest-growing cities in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ From 2010 to 2016, Dallas recorded the highest net domestic migration in the country, in excess of 300,000.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Overall, the Dallas–Fort Worth metro area had the second largest population increase among metro areas in the U.S., which recorded a population of 7,233,323 as of July 1, 2016, an increase of 807,000 people since the 2010 census.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Dallas Mavericks (often referred to as the Mavs) are an American professional basketball team based in Dallas, Texas.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Mavericks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the American Airlines Center, which it shares with the National Hockey League's Dallas Stars.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ According to a 2016 \"Forbes\" magazine report, they are the ninth most valuable basketball franchise in the NBA, valued at approximately $1.4 billion.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ As of the 2017 season, the Mavericks have sold out 704 consecutive games since December 15, 2001, the longest currently running sellout streak in North American major league sports.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ This is about the History of the Dallas Mavericks (also known as the Mavs), a professional basketball team based in Dallas, Texas, USA, belonging to the NBA.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ In their history, the Mavericks have won one NBA championship, three division titles, and two conference championships.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ In 1979, businessman Don Carter and partner Norm Sonju requested the right to bring an NBA franchise to Dallas.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The last professional basketball team in Dallas had been the Dallas Chaparrals of the American Basketball Association, which moved to San Antonio in 1973 to become the San Antonio Spurs.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ At the 1980 NBA All-Star Game, league owners voted to admit the new team, with the team's name coming from the 1957–1962 television western \"Maverick\" the name was chosen by the fans with 4600 postcards received beating \"Wranglers\" and \"Express\".", "Dirk Nowitzki __knowledge__ Dirk Werner Nowitzki () (born June 19, 1978) is a German professional basketball player for the Dallas Mavericks of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Dirk Nowitzki __knowledge__ An alumnus of Röntgen Gymnasium and the DJK Würzburg basketball club, Nowitzki was chosen as the ninth pick in the 1998 NBA draft by the Milwaukee Bucks and immediately traded to the Mavericks, where he has played since.", "Dirk Nowitzki __knowledge__ Listed at , Nowitzki is considered to be one of the greatest power forwards of all time.", "Dirk Nowitzki __knowledge__ He is also one of only seven players ever to play at least 20 seasons in the NBA and the second to do so with a single franchise.", "Dirk Nowitzki __knowledge__ Nowitzki has led the Mavericks to 15 NBA Playoffs (2001–2012; 2014–2016), including the franchise's first Finals appearance in 2006 and only championship in 2011.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The San Antonio Spurs are an American professional basketball team based in San Antonio, Texas.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The Spurs compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the AT&T Center in San Antonio.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The Spurs are one of four former American Basketball Association (ABA) teams to remain intact in the NBA after the 1976 ABA–NBA merger and the only former ABA team to have won an NBA championship.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The Spurs' five NBA championships are the fourth most in history (tied with the Golden State Warriors) behind only the Boston Celtics (17), Los Angeles Lakers (16), and Chicago Bulls (6).", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ Stephen John Nash, OC, OBC (born February 7, 1974), is a Canadian former professional basketball player who played in the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ He was an eight-time NBA All-Star and a seven-time All-NBA selection.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ Twice, Nash was named the NBA Most Valuable Player while playing for the Phoenix Suns.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ He currently serves as general manager of the Canadian national team and as a player development consultant for the Golden State Warriors.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ After a successful high school basketball career in British Columbia, Nash earned a scholarship to Santa Clara University in California.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ In his four seasons with the Broncos, the team made three NCAA Tournament appearances, and he was twice named the West Coast Conference (WCC) Player of the Year.", "2011 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The 2011 NBA Finals was the championship series of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 2010–11 season, and the conclusion of the season's playoffs.", "2011 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The Western Conference champion Dallas Mavericks defeated the Eastern Conference champion Miami Heat 4 games to 2 to win their first NBA championship.", "2011 NBA Finals __knowledge__ Dallas became the last NBA team from Texas to win its first title, after the Houston Rockets won back-to-back titles in and , and the San Antonio Spurs won four NBA championships in , , and , and a fifth one subsequently in ; all three Texas NBA teams have now won at least one NBA championship.", "Jason Kidd __knowledge__ Jason Frederick Kidd (born March 23, 1973) is an American professional basketball coach and former player.", "Jason Kidd __knowledge__ He most recently served as the head coach of the Milwaukee Bucks of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Jason Kidd __knowledge__ Previously a point guard in the NBA, Kidd was a ten-time NBA All-Star, a five-time All-NBA First Team member, and a nine-time NBA All-Defensive Team member.", "Jason Kidd __knowledge__ He won an NBA Championship in 2011 as a member of the Dallas Mavericks, and was a two-time Olympic Gold Medal winner during his pro career, as part of Team USA in 2000 and 2008.", "Jason Kidd __knowledge__ Kidd played college basketball for the California Golden Bears and was drafted second overall by the Dallas Mavericks in the first round of the 1994 NBA draft.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "The British Cotton Growing Association __knowledge__ The British Cotton Growing Association (BCGA) was an organisation of the various bodies connected with the Lancashire cotton industry formed in 1902 to reduce that industry’s dependence on supplies of raw cotton from the United States by promoting the development of cotton growing in the British Empire.", "The British Cotton Growing Association __knowledge__ It was described as a “semi-philanthropic” organisation, or combination of Non-governmental organization and a development agency, as it provided development funds without requiring any direct repayment, but did expect the Lancashire cotton industry to benefit indirectly in the longer term from more secure cotton supplies.", "Cotton __knowledge__ Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus \"Gossypium\" in the mallow family \"Malvaceae\".", "Cotton __knowledge__ The fiber is almost pure cellulose.", "Cotton __knowledge__ Under natural conditions, the cotton bolls will increase the dispersal of the seeds.", "Cotton __knowledge__ The plant is a shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, including the Americas, Africa, and India.", "Cotton __knowledge__ The greatest diversity of wild cotton species is found in Mexico, followed by Australia and Africa.", "Cotton __knowledge__ Cotton was independently domesticated in the Old and New Worlds.", "Cotton __knowledge__ The fiber is most often spun into yarn or thread and used to make a soft, breathable textile.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were British.", "Amasa Stone __knowledge__ Amasa Stone, Jr. (April 27, 1818 – May 11, 1883) was an American industrialist who is best remembered for having created a regional railroad empire centered in the U.S. state of Ohio from 1860 to 1883.", "Amasa Stone __knowledge__ He gained fame in New England in the 1840s for building hundreds of bridges, most of them Howe truss bridges (the patent for which he had licensed from its inventor).", "Amasa Stone __knowledge__ After moving into railroad construction in 1848, Stone moved to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1850.", "Amasa Stone __knowledge__ Within four years he was a director of the Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati Railroad and the Cleveland, Painesville and Ashtabula Railroad.", "Amasa Stone __knowledge__ The latter merged with the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway, of which Stone was appointed director.", "History of rail transport in the United States __knowledge__ Wooden railroads, called wagonways, were built in the United States starting from the 1720s.", "History of rail transport in the United States __knowledge__ A railroad was reportedly used in the construction of the French fortress at Louisburg, Nova Scotia, in 1720.", "History of rail transport in the United States __knowledge__ Between 1762 and 1764, at the close of the French and Indian War, a gravity railroad (mechanized tramway) (Montresor's Tramway) is built by British military engineers up the steep riverside terrain near the Niagara River waterfall's escarpment at the Niagara Portage (which the local Senecas called \"\"Crawl on All Fours.\"\")", "History of rail transport in the United States __knowledge__ in Lewiston, New York.", "History of rail transport in the United States __knowledge__ Railroads played a large role in the development of the United States from the industrial revolution in the North-east (1810–1850) to the settlement of the West (1850–1890)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas () is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.", "Dallas __knowledge__ It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, which is the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's population ranks ninth in the U.S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's prominence arose from its historical importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries, and its position along numerous railroad lines.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat; however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties.", "Dallas __knowledge__ According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The United States Census Bureau's estimate for the city's population increased to 1,317,929 as of July 1, 2016.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas is one of the fastest-growing cities in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ From 2010 to 2016, Dallas recorded the highest net domestic migration in the country, in excess of 300,000.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Overall, the Dallas–Fort Worth metro area had the second largest population increase among metro areas in the U.S., which recorded a population of 7,233,323 as of July 1, 2016, an increase of 807,000 people since the 2010 census.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Dallas Mavericks (often referred to as the Mavs) are an American professional basketball team based in Dallas, Texas.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Mavericks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the American Airlines Center, which it shares with the National Hockey League's Dallas Stars.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ According to a 2016 \"Forbes\" magazine report, they are the ninth most valuable basketball franchise in the NBA, valued at approximately $1.4 billion.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ As of the 2017 season, the Mavericks have sold out 704 consecutive games since December 15, 2001, the longest currently running sellout streak in North American major league sports.", "Dirk Nowitzki __knowledge__ Dirk Werner Nowitzki () (born June 19, 1978) is a German professional basketball player for the Dallas Mavericks of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Dirk Nowitzki __knowledge__ An alumnus of Röntgen Gymnasium and the DJK Würzburg basketball club, Nowitzki was chosen as the ninth pick in the 1998 NBA draft by the Milwaukee Bucks and immediately traded to the Mavericks, where he has played since.", "Dirk Nowitzki __knowledge__ Listed at , Nowitzki is considered to be one of the greatest power forwards of all time.", "Dirk Nowitzki __knowledge__ He is also one of only seven players ever to play at least 20 seasons in the NBA and the second to do so with a single franchise.", "Dirk Nowitzki __knowledge__ Nowitzki has led the Mavericks to 15 NBA Playoffs (2001–2012; 2014–2016), including the franchise's first Finals appearance in 2006 and only championship in 2011.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ This is about the History of the Dallas Mavericks (also known as the Mavs), a professional basketball team based in Dallas, Texas, USA, belonging to the NBA.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ In their history, the Mavericks have won one NBA championship, three division titles, and two conference championships.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ In 1979, businessman Don Carter and partner Norm Sonju requested the right to bring an NBA franchise to Dallas.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The last professional basketball team in Dallas had been the Dallas Chaparrals of the American Basketball Association, which moved to San Antonio in 1973 to become the San Antonio Spurs.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ At the 1980 NBA All-Star Game, league owners voted to admit the new team, with the team's name coming from the 1957–1962 television western \"Maverick\" the name was chosen by the fans with 4600 postcards received beating \"Wranglers\" and \"Express\".", "Germany national basketball team __knowledge__ The Germany national basketball team is organized and run by the German Basketball Federation.", "Germany national basketball team __knowledge__ (German: \"Deutscher Basketball Bund\").", "Germany national basketball team __knowledge__ Their biggest successes are the victory in the European Championship of EuroBasket 1993, at home in Germany, the silver medal in the EuroBasket 2005, and the FIBA World Championship bronze medal at the 2002 FIBA World Championship.", "Germany national basketball team __knowledge__ The team is the successor of the West Germany national basketball team, the basketball side that represented West Germany in international competition.", "Germany national basketball team __knowledge__ Between 1955 and 1973, Germany temporarily competed with an East German national basketball team as well.", "2011 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The 2011 NBA Finals was the championship series of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 2010–11 season, and the conclusion of the season's playoffs.", "2011 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The Western Conference champion Dallas Mavericks defeated the Eastern Conference champion Miami Heat 4 games to 2 to win their first NBA championship.", "2011 NBA Finals __knowledge__ Dallas became the last NBA team from Texas to win its first title, after the Houston Rockets won back-to-back titles in and , and the San Antonio Spurs won four NBA championships in , , and , and a fifth one subsequently in ; all three Texas NBA teams have now won at least one NBA championship.", "2011–12 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ The 2011–12 Dallas Mavericks season was the 32nd season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "2011–12 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ As the defending NBA champions, they were attempting to win back-to-back NBA Finals, but were swept in the first round of the NBA Playoffs by the Oklahoma City Thunder.", "2011–12 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ The season officially began once NBA players and owners signed a new collective bargaining agreement to end the 2011 NBA lockout.", "2011–12 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ At the Draft night the Mavs acquired Rudy Fernández for their 26th pick, Jordan Hamilton, who was sent to Denver.", "2011–12 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ Following their championship-winning 2010-2011 season, the Mavericks entered the offseason with six free agents; only one of those six players returned to play with the team in 2011-2012.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ Stephen John Nash, OC, OBC (born February 7, 1974), is a Canadian former professional basketball player who played in the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ He was an eight-time NBA All-Star and a seven-time All-NBA selection.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ Twice, Nash was named the NBA Most Valuable Player while playing for the Phoenix Suns.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ He currently serves as general manager of the Canadian national team and as a player development consultant for the Golden State Warriors.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ After a successful high school basketball career in British Columbia, Nash earned a scholarship to Santa Clara University in California.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ In his four seasons with the Broncos, the team made three NCAA Tournament appearances, and he was twice named the West Coast Conference (WCC) Player of the Year.", "2012–13 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ The 2012–13 Dallas Mavericks season was the 33rd season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "2012–13 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ For the first time in fourteen seasons, the Mavericks failed to qualify for the playoffs.", "2012–13 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ On Draft night, the Mavs sent Tyler Zeller and Kelenna Azubuike to Cleveland for their 24th, 33rd and 34th picks, Jared Cunningham, Bernard James and Jae Crowder.", "2012–13 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ Darius Johnson-Odom was sent to Los Angeles for cash considerations.", "2012–13 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ The Mavericks had several players coming into the free agency.", "2012–13 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ Brandan Wright's option for another year was exercised on June 23.", "2012–13 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ On July 1, 2012, the Mavs exercised the option on Vince Carter to sign him for the season.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The San Antonio Spurs are an American professional basketball team based in San Antonio, Texas.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The Spurs compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the AT&T Center in San Antonio.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The Spurs are one of four former American Basketball Association (ABA) teams to remain intact in the NBA after the 1976 ABA–NBA merger and the only former ABA team to have won an NBA championship.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The Spurs' five NBA championships are the fourth most in history (tied with the Golden State Warriors) behind only the Boston Celtics (17), Los Angeles Lakers (16), and Chicago Bulls (6)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas () is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.", "Dallas __knowledge__ It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, which is the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's population ranks ninth in the U.S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's prominence arose from its historical importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries, and its position along numerous railroad lines.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat; however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties.", "Dallas __knowledge__ According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The United States Census Bureau's estimate for the city's population increased to 1,317,929 as of July 1, 2016.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas is one of the fastest-growing cities in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ From 2010 to 2016, Dallas recorded the highest net domestic migration in the country, in excess of 300,000.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Overall, the Dallas–Fort Worth metro area had the second largest population increase among metro areas in the U.S., which recorded a population of 7,233,323 as of July 1, 2016, an increase of 807,000 people since the 2010 census.", "Olympiacos B.C. __knowledge__ Olympiacos B.C.", "Olympiacos B.C. __knowledge__ (), also known simply as Olympiacos or Olympiacos Piraeus, is a Greek professional basketball club, part of the major multi-sport club Olympiacos CFP, based in Piraeus.", "Olympiacos B.C. __knowledge__ The basketball club, founded in 1931, is one of the most successful clubs in European basketball, having won three EuroLeague Championships, one Triple Crown, one Intercontinental Cup, twelve Greek Championships and nine Greek Cups.", "Olympiacos B.C. __knowledge__ They play their home matches at the Peace and Friendship Stadium.", "Olympiacos B.C. __knowledge__ Olympiacos is a traditional powerhouse of the EuroLeague and besides their three European Championship titles (1997, 2012, 2013), they have also been five times EuroLeague runners-up (1994, 1995, 2010, 2015, 2017) and have participated, altogether, in ten EuroLeague Final Fours (1994, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2017).", "Basketball in Greece __knowledge__ The sport of basketball in Greece erupted with the senior men's Greek national basketball team's win at the FIBA EuroBasket 1987 in Piraeus, which caused a general basketball euphoria in the country.", "Basketball in Greece __knowledge__ Since then, men's Greek national teams have reached constant international success, leading Greece to join Russia, Serbia, Croatia, Italy, Spain, France, and Lithuania in the circle of European basketball powers.", "Basketball in Greece __knowledge__ In addition to the national team's triumph in 1987, Greece won a gold medal at the FIBA EuroBasket 2005, silver medals at the FIBA EuroBasket 1989 and the 2006 FIBA World Championship, as well as the bronze medal at the FIBA EuroBasket 2009.", "Lithuania men's national basketball team __knowledge__ The Lithuania men's national basketball team (Lithuanian: \"Lietuvos nacionalinė vyrų krepšinio rinktinė\") participates in FIBA's competitions.", "Lithuania men's national basketball team __knowledge__ Despite Lithuania's small size, with a population of just almost 2.9 million, the country's devotion to basketball has made them a traditional force of the sport in Europe.", "Lithuania men's national basketball team __knowledge__ The Lithuanian team won the last EuroBasket tournaments prior to World War II, in 1937 and 1939.", "Lithuania men's national basketball team __knowledge__ The 1939 team was led by Frank Lubin, who helped popularize basketball in the country and was called the \"grandfather of Lithuanian basketball\".", "Lithuania men's national basketball team __knowledge__ Following the country's annexation by the Soviet Union during the war, Lithuanian players frequently formed the core of the Soviet national team.", "Sport in Montenegro __knowledge__ The Sports in Montenegro revolves mostly around team sports, such as football, basketball, water polo, volleyball, and handball.", "Sport in Montenegro __knowledge__ Other sports involved are boxing, tennis, swimming, judo, karate, athletics, table tennis, and chess.", "Sport in Montenegro __knowledge__ Most popular sport is football.", "Sport in Montenegro __knowledge__ Among many great players from Montenegro were Dejan Savićević, Predrag Mijatović, Mirko Vučinić or Stevan Jovetić.", "Sport in Montenegro __knowledge__ Montenegrin national football team, founded at 2006, played in playoffs for UEFA Euro 2012, which is the biggest success in the history of national team.", "Sport in Montenegro __knowledge__ Water polo is often considered the national sport.", "Sport in Montenegro __knowledge__ Montenegro's national team is one of the top ranked teams in the world, winning the gold medal at the 2008 Men's European Water Polo Championship in Málaga, Spain, and winning the gold medal at the 2009 FINA Men's Water Polo World League, which was held in Montenegrin capital, Podgorica.", "Fenerbahçe Men's Basketball __knowledge__ Fenerbahçe Men's Basketball Team (), for sponsorship reasons Fenerbahçe Doğuş, also known simply as Fenerbahçe, is a professional basketball team and the men's basketball department of Fenerbahçe SK, a major Turkish multi-sport club based in Istanbul, Turkey.", "Fenerbahçe Men's Basketball __knowledge__ They are one of the most successful clubs in Turkish basketball history, having won the EuroLeague, as the first and only Turkish team so far, as well as eight Turkish Championships, five Turkish Cups, and seven Turkish Super Cups, amongst others.", "Fenerbahçe Men's Basketball __knowledge__ They play their home matches at the Ülker Sports Arena.", "Fenerbahçe Men's Basketball __knowledge__ Besides the European championship title in 2017, which was secured by a convincing 80–64 win against Greek powerhouse Olympiacos in the final, Fenerbahçe have also been EuroLeague runners-up in 2016 and have played in three consecutive EuroLeague Final Fours (2015, 2016, 2017), a record in Turkish basketball.", "KK Partizan __knowledge__ Košarkaški klub Partizan (, English: Partizan Basketball Club), commonly referred to as KK Partizan or simply Partizan, is a men's professional basketball club based in Belgrade, Serbia.", "KK Partizan __knowledge__ It is part of the multi-sports Belgrade-based club Partizan.", "KK Partizan __knowledge__ KK Partizan is a part of the Adriatic Basketball Association and competes in the ABA League, the EuroCup and in the Basketball League of Serbia.", "KK Partizan __knowledge__ Since 1945, Partizan has won around 45 trophies, and is the holder of the 21 national champion titles.", "KK Partizan __knowledge__ They have also won 14 national basketball cups and 6 Adriatic championships, and notably the European Champion trophy at the Final Four of the EuroLeague in Istanbul in 1992.", "Montenegrin basketball clubs in European competitions __knowledge__ Clubs from Montenegro are playing in European basketball competitions since the 1980s.", "Montenegrin basketball clubs in European competitions __knowledge__ Until 2006, they represented SFR Yugoslavia and FR Yugoslavia.", "Montenegrin basketball clubs in European competitions __knowledge__ Almost all European seasons by Montenegrin clubs are played by KK Budućnost.", "Montenegrin basketball clubs in European competitions __knowledge__ Exceptions are two single seasons in European competitions played by KK Lovćen Cetinje and KK Mornar Bar.", "Montenegrin basketball clubs in European competitions __knowledge__ Most successful period was end of the 1990s and beginning of the 21st century.", "Montenegrin basketball clubs in European competitions __knowledge__ At that time, KK Budućnost played in the finish phases of EuroLeague.", "Montenegrin basketball clubs in European competitions __knowledge__ In that period, Budućnost often played games against greatest European basketball teams like FC Barcelona, Real Madrid, CSKA Moscow, Panathinaikos, Olympiacos, Maccabi Tel Aviv etc.", "Dirk Nowitzki __knowledge__ Dirk Werner Nowitzki () (born June 19, 1978) is a German professional basketball player for the Dallas Mavericks of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Dirk Nowitzki __knowledge__ An alumnus of Röntgen Gymnasium and the DJK Würzburg basketball club, Nowitzki was chosen as the ninth pick in the 1998 NBA draft by the Milwaukee Bucks and immediately traded to the Mavericks, where he has played since.", "Dirk Nowitzki __knowledge__ Listed at , Nowitzki is considered to be one of the greatest power forwards of all time.", "Dirk Nowitzki __knowledge__ He is also one of only seven players ever to play at least 20 seasons in the NBA and the second to do so with a single franchise.", "Dirk Nowitzki __knowledge__ Nowitzki has led the Mavericks to 15 NBA Playoffs (2001–2012; 2014–2016), including the franchise's first Finals appearance in 2006 and only championship in 2011.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Dallas Mavericks (often referred to as the Mavs) are an American professional basketball team based in Dallas, Texas.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Mavericks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the American Airlines Center, which it shares with the National Hockey League's Dallas Stars.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ According to a 2016 \"Forbes\" magazine report, they are the ninth most valuable basketball franchise in the NBA, valued at approximately $1.4 billion.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ As of the 2017 season, the Mavericks have sold out 704 consecutive games since December 15, 2001, the longest currently running sellout streak in North American major league sports.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ This is about the History of the Dallas Mavericks (also known as the Mavs), a professional basketball team based in Dallas, Texas, USA, belonging to the NBA.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ In their history, the Mavericks have won one NBA championship, three division titles, and two conference championships.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ In 1979, businessman Don Carter and partner Norm Sonju requested the right to bring an NBA franchise to Dallas.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The last professional basketball team in Dallas had been the Dallas Chaparrals of the American Basketball Association, which moved to San Antonio in 1973 to become the San Antonio Spurs.", "History of the Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ At the 1980 NBA All-Star Game, league owners voted to admit the new team, with the team's name coming from the 1957–1962 television western \"Maverick\" the name was chosen by the fans with 4600 postcards received beating \"Wranglers\" and \"Express\".", "2011–12 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ The 2011–12 Dallas Mavericks season was the 32nd season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "2011–12 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ As the defending NBA champions, they were attempting to win back-to-back NBA Finals, but were swept in the first round of the NBA Playoffs by the Oklahoma City Thunder.", "2011–12 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ The season officially began once NBA players and owners signed a new collective bargaining agreement to end the 2011 NBA lockout.", "2011–12 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ At the Draft night the Mavs acquired Rudy Fernández for their 26th pick, Jordan Hamilton, who was sent to Denver.", "2011–12 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ Following their championship-winning 2010-2011 season, the Mavericks entered the offseason with six free agents; only one of those six players returned to play with the team in 2011-2012.", "2012–13 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ The 2012–13 Dallas Mavericks season was the 33rd season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "2012–13 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ For the first time in fourteen seasons, the Mavericks failed to qualify for the playoffs.", "2012–13 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ On Draft night, the Mavs sent Tyler Zeller and Kelenna Azubuike to Cleveland for their 24th, 33rd and 34th picks, Jared Cunningham, Bernard James and Jae Crowder.", "2012–13 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ Darius Johnson-Odom was sent to Los Angeles for cash considerations.", "2012–13 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ The Mavericks had several players coming into the free agency.", "2012–13 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ Brandan Wright's option for another year was exercised on June 23.", "2012–13 Dallas Mavericks season __knowledge__ On July 1, 2012, the Mavs exercised the option on Vince Carter to sign him for the season.", "2011 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The 2011 NBA Finals was the championship series of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 2010–11 season, and the conclusion of the season's playoffs.", "2011 NBA Finals __knowledge__ The Western Conference champion Dallas Mavericks defeated the Eastern Conference champion Miami Heat 4 games to 2 to win their first NBA championship.", "2011 NBA Finals __knowledge__ Dallas became the last NBA team from Texas to win its first title, after the Houston Rockets won back-to-back titles in and , and the San Antonio Spurs won four NBA championships in , , and , and a fifth one subsequently in ; all three Texas NBA teams have now won at least one NBA championship.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ Stephen John Nash, OC, OBC (born February 7, 1974), is a Canadian former professional basketball player who played in the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ He was an eight-time NBA All-Star and a seven-time All-NBA selection.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ Twice, Nash was named the NBA Most Valuable Player while playing for the Phoenix Suns.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ He currently serves as general manager of the Canadian national team and as a player development consultant for the Golden State Warriors.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ After a successful high school basketball career in British Columbia, Nash earned a scholarship to Santa Clara University in California.", "Steve Nash __knowledge__ In his four seasons with the Broncos, the team made three NCAA Tournament appearances, and he was twice named the West Coast Conference (WCC) Player of the Year." ] ]

[ 2, 4, 11, 16, 49 ]

[ "It is the most populous city of the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex and is the 4th most populous area of the USA.", "The city got its start due to the oil and cotton industries as well as being the side of numerous railroads.", "Indeed, the Mavericks, or \"Mavs\" are a professional basketball team based in Dallas.", "Correct again. Nowitzki is a German professional basketball player that plays for the Mavs.", "Not only that, but he is considered one of the greatest power forwards of all time, regardless of home country." ]

[ "Dallas", "Dallas", "Dallas", "Dallas", "Dallas" ]

[ "Dental braces", "no, i've never had braces. i actually know nothing about them but i'm curious to learn more", "cemented? it doesn't damage the teeth?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dental braces __knowledge__ Dental braces (also known as braces, orthodontic cases, or cases) are devices used in orthodontics that align and straighten teeth and help position them with regard to a person's bite, while also aiming to improve dental health.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ They are often used to correct underbites, as well as malocclusions, overbites, open bites, deep bites, cross bites, crooked teeth, and various other flaws of the teeth and jaw.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ Braces can be either cosmetic or structural.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ Dental braces are often used in conjunction with other orthodontic appliances to help widen the palate or jaws and to otherwise assist in shaping the teeth and jaws.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ According to scholars and historians, braces date back to ancient times.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ Around 400-300 BCE, Hippocrates and Aristotle contemplated ways to straighten teeth and fix various dental conditions.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ Archaeologists have discovered numerous mummified ancient individuals with what appear to be metal bands wrapped around their teeth.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ Catgut, a type of cord made from the natural fibers of an animal's intestines, performed a similar role to today’s orthodontic wire in closing gaps in the teeth and mouth.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ The Etruscans buried their dead with dental appliances in place to maintain space and prevent collapse of the teeth during the afterlife." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dental braces __knowledge__ Dental braces (also known as braces, orthodontic cases, or cases) are devices used in orthodontics that align and straighten teeth and help position them with regard to a person's bite, while also aiming to improve dental health.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ They are often used to correct underbites, as well as malocclusions, overbites, open bites, deep bites, cross bites, crooked teeth, and various other flaws of the teeth and jaw.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ Braces can be either cosmetic or structural.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ Dental braces are often used in conjunction with other orthodontic appliances to help widen the palate or jaws and to otherwise assist in shaping the teeth and jaws.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ According to scholars and historians, braces date back to ancient times.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ Around 400-300 BCE, Hippocrates and Aristotle contemplated ways to straighten teeth and fix various dental conditions.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ Archaeologists have discovered numerous mummified ancient individuals with what appear to be metal bands wrapped around their teeth.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ Catgut, a type of cord made from the natural fibers of an animal's intestines, performed a similar role to today’s orthodontic wire in closing gaps in the teeth and mouth.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ The Etruscans buried their dead with dental appliances in place to maintain space and prevent collapse of the teeth during the afterlife.", "Know Nothing __knowledge__ The Native American Party, renamed the American Party in 1855 and commonly known as the \"Know Nothing\" movement, was an American nativist political party that operated nationally in the mid-1850s.", "Know Nothing __knowledge__ It was primarily anti-Catholic and hostile to immigration, starting originally as a secret society.", "Know Nothing __knowledge__ The movement briefly emerged as a major political party in the form of the American Party.", "Know Nothing __knowledge__ Adherents to the movement were to reply \"I know nothing\" when asked about its specifics by outsiders, thus providing the group with its common appellation.", "Know Nothing __knowledge__ The \"Know Nothings\" believed a \"Romanist\" conspiracy was afoot to subvert civil and religious liberty in America and sought to politically organize native-born Protestants in the defense of traditional religious and political values.", "Henry Gardner __knowledge__ Henry Joseph Gardner (June 14, 1819 – July 21, 1892) was the 23rd Governor of Massachusetts, serving from 1855 to 1858.", "Henry Gardner __knowledge__ Gardner, a Know Nothing, was elected governor as part of the sweeping victory of Know Nothing candidates in the Massachusetts elections of 1854.", "Henry Gardner __knowledge__ Born in Dorchester, Gardner was a dry goods merchant from Boston active in the local Whig Party in the early 1850s.", "Henry Gardner __knowledge__ With the sudden and secretive rise of the nativist Know Nothings in 1854, Gardner opportunistically repudiated previously-held positions, and joined the movement, winning a landslide victory over Whig Emory Washburn.", "Henry Gardner __knowledge__ During his three terms in office the Know Nothing legislatures enacted legislation on a wide-ranging reform agenda, and made several significant changes to the state constitution, including important electoral reforms such as the replacement of majority voting with plurality voting.", "Nathaniel P. Banks __knowledge__ Nathaniel Prentice (or Prentiss) Banks (January 30, 1816 – September 1, 1894) was an American politician from Massachusetts and a Union general during the Civil War.", "Nathaniel P. Banks __knowledge__ A millworker by background, Banks was prominent in local debating societies, and his oratorical skills were noted by the Democratic Party.", "Nathaniel P. Banks __knowledge__ But his abolitionist views fitted him better for the nascent Republican Party, through which he became Speaker of the United States House of Representatives and Governor of Massachusetts in the 1850s.", "Nathaniel P. Banks __knowledge__ Always a political chameleon (for which he was criticized by contemporaries), Banks was the first professional politician (with no outside business or other interests) to serve as Massachusetts Governor.", "I know that I know nothing __knowledge__ The phrase \"I know that I know nothing\", \"The only thing I know is that I know nothing\" or \"I know one thing; that I know nothing\", sometimes called the Socratic paradox, is a well-known saying that is derived from Plato's account of the Greek philosopher Socrates.", "I know that I know nothing __knowledge__ The phrase is not one that Socrates himself is ever recorded as saying.", "I know that I know nothing __knowledge__ This saying is also connected or conflated with the answer to a question Socrates (according to Xenophon) or Chaerephon (according to Plato) is said to have posed to the Pythia, the oracle of Delphi, in which the Oracle stated something to the effect of \"Socrates is the wisest.\"", "Indentation style __knowledge__ In computer programming, an indentation style is a convention governing the indentation of blocks of code to convey program structure.", "Indentation style __knowledge__ This article largely addresses the free-form languages, such as C and its descendants, but can be (and often is) applied to most other programming languages (especially those in the curly bracket family), where whitespace is otherwise insignificant.", "Indentation style __knowledge__ Indentation style is only one aspect of programming style.", "Indentation style __knowledge__ Indenting is not a requirement of most programming languages, where it is used as secondary notation.", "Indentation style __knowledge__ Rather, indenting helps better convey the structure of a program to human readers.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from the \"Forgotten Realms\" campaign setting for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters have appeared in the multiple series of novels set in the \"Forgotten Realms\".", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Many have some magical abilities.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Aballister Bonaduce is the nemesis of his son Cadderly Bonaduce, the main character of R.A. Salvatore's The Cleric Quintet.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Calculating, cold, and merciless, Aballister is determined to complete his conquest of the region.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Guided by the goddess Talona, Mistress of Poison, Aballister creates The Chaos Curse and unleashes it upon The Edificant Library, home of Cadderly and his friends.", "Lingual braces __knowledge__ Lingual braces are one of the many types of the fixed orthodontic treatment appliances available to patients needing orthodontics.", "Lingual braces __knowledge__ They involve attaching the orthodontic brackets on the inner sides of the teeth.", "Lingual braces __knowledge__ The main advantage of lingual braces is their near invisibility compared to the standard braces, which are attached on the buccal sides of the tooth.", "Lingual braces __knowledge__ Lingual braces were invented by Craven Kurz in 1976.", "Lingual braces __knowledge__ Craven Kurz with Jim Mulick in 1975 developed the Cruz Lingual Appliances in United States.", "Lingual braces __knowledge__ The first patient to be treated by lingual braces was by Dr. Kurz in Beverley Hills in 1976.", "Lingual braces __knowledge__ She was a member of Playboy Bunny Club and after being presented with metal braces option, she wanted to get braces which did not show metal.", "Orthodontics __knowledge__ \"Orthodontics\" is derived from the Greek \"orthos\" (\"correct\", \"straight\") and \"-odont-\" (\"tooth\").", "Orthodontics __knowledge__ The history of orthodontics has been intimately linked with the history of dentistry for more than 2000 years.", "Orthodontics __knowledge__ Dentistry had its origins as a part of medicine.", "Orthodontics __knowledge__ According to the American Association of Orthodontists, archaeologists have discovered mummified ancients with metal bands wrapped around individual teeth.", "Orthodontics __knowledge__ Malocclusion is not a disease, but abnormal alignment of the teeth and the way the upper and lower teeth fit together.", "Orthodontics __knowledge__ The prevalence of malocclusion varies, but using orthodontic treatment indices, which categorize malocclusions in terms of severity, it can be said that nearly 30% of the population present with malocclusions severe enough to benefit from orthodontic treatment.", "Orthodontic headgear __knowledge__ Orthodontic headgear is a type of orthodontic appliance attached to the patient's head with a neck strap or a number of straps around the head.", "Orthodontic headgear __knowledge__ The device typically transfers the force to the teeth via a facebow or J hooks to the patients dental braces or a palatal expander that aids in correcting more severe bite problems or is used in retention of the teeth and jaws of the patient.", "Orthodontic headgear __knowledge__ Headgear is most commonly used to correct anteroposterior discrepancies.", "Orthodontic headgear __knowledge__ The headgear attaches to the braces via metal hooks or a facebow.", "Orthodontic headgear __knowledge__ Straps or a head cap anchor the headgear to the back of the head or neck.", "Orthodontic headgear __knowledge__ In some situations, both are used.", "Clear aligners __knowledge__ Clear aligners, also known as clear-aligner treatment, are orthodontic devices that are a transparent, plastic form of dental braces used to to adjust teeth.", "Clear aligners __knowledge__ They are sold under at least five brand names, including ClearCorrect, Invisalign, and Orthoclear.", "Clear aligners __knowledge__ A 2014 systematic review concluded that there is insufficient evidence to determine the effectiveness of these therapies.", "Clear aligners __knowledge__ Opinion is that they are effective for moderate crowding of the front teeth, but are less effective than conventional braces for several other issues and are not recommended for children.", "Clear aligners __knowledge__ In particular they are indicated for \"mild to moderate crowding (1–6 mm) and mild to moderate spacing (1–6 mm)\", in cases where there are no discrepancies of the jawbone.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ Hey Hey It's Saturday was a long-running variety television program on Australian television.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ It initially ran for 27 years on the Nine Network from on 9 October 1971 to 20 November 1999 (there was a recess in 1978).", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ Its host throughout its entire run was Daryl Somers, who later also became executive producer of the program.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ The original producer, Gavin Disney, left the program in the 1980s and Somers then jointly formed his own production company, \"Somers Carroll Productions\", with on-screen partner Ernie Carroll, the performer of Somers' puppet sidekick Ossie Ostrich.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ On 25 July 2009, the Nine Network announced the show would return for two reunion specials in late 2009 and hinted if they rated strongly, the show could return full-time." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dental braces __knowledge__ Dental braces (also known as braces, orthodontic cases, or cases) are devices used in orthodontics that align and straighten teeth and help position them with regard to a person's bite, while also aiming to improve dental health.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ They are often used to correct underbites, as well as malocclusions, overbites, open bites, deep bites, cross bites, crooked teeth, and various other flaws of the teeth and jaw.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ Braces can be either cosmetic or structural.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ Dental braces are often used in conjunction with other orthodontic appliances to help widen the palate or jaws and to otherwise assist in shaping the teeth and jaws.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ According to scholars and historians, braces date back to ancient times.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ Around 400-300 BCE, Hippocrates and Aristotle contemplated ways to straighten teeth and fix various dental conditions.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ Archaeologists have discovered numerous mummified ancient individuals with what appear to be metal bands wrapped around their teeth.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ Catgut, a type of cord made from the natural fibers of an animal's intestines, performed a similar role to today’s orthodontic wire in closing gaps in the teeth and mouth.", "Dental braces __knowledge__ The Etruscans buried their dead with dental appliances in place to maintain space and prevent collapse of the teeth during the afterlife.", "Bruxism __knowledge__ Bruxism is excessive teeth grinding or jaw clenching.", "Bruxism __knowledge__ It is an oral parafunctional activity; i.e., it is unrelated to normal function such as eating or talking.", "Bruxism __knowledge__ Bruxism is a common behavior; reports of prevalence range from 8–31% in the general population.", "Bruxism __knowledge__ Several symptoms are commonly associated with bruxism, including hypersensitive teeth, aching jaw muscles, headaches, tooth wear, and damage to dental restorations (e.g.", "Bruxism __knowledge__ crowns and fillings) to teeth.", "Bruxism __knowledge__ But symptoms may be minimal, without patient awareness of the condition.", "Bruxism __knowledge__ There are two main types of bruxism: one occurs during sleep (sleep bruxism) and one during wakefulness (awake bruxism).", "Impacted wisdom teeth __knowledge__ Impacted wisdom teeth (or impacted third molars) are wisdom teeth which do not fully erupt into the mouth because of blockage from other teeth (impaction).", "Impacted wisdom teeth __knowledge__ If the wisdom teeth do not have an open connection to the mouth, pain can develop with the onset of inflammation or infection or damage to the adjacent teeth.", "Impacted wisdom teeth __knowledge__ Common accepted hypothesis that determine eruption is the angle at which the 3rd molars sit, the stage of root formation of 3rd molars at the point of screening, depth of impaction, how much room there is for eruption as well as the size of the 3rd molar.", "Impacted wisdom teeth __knowledge__ Wisdom teeth likely become impacted because of a mismatch between the size of the teeth and the size of the jaw.", "Dental avulsion __knowledge__ Dental avulsion is the complete displacement of a tooth from its socket in alveolar bone owing to trauma.", "Dental avulsion __knowledge__ The treatment for permanent teeth consists of replantation, immediately if possible.", "Dental avulsion __knowledge__ Deciduous teeth should not be replanted due to the risk of damaging the permanent tooth germ.", "Dental avulsion __knowledge__ Immediate replantation ensures the best possible prognosis but is not always possible since more serious injuries may be present.", "Dental avulsion __knowledge__ Studies have shown that teeth that are protected in a physiologically ideal media can be replanted within 15 minutes to one hour after the accident with good prognosis.", "Dental avulsion __knowledge__ The success of delayed replantation depends on the vitality of the cells remaining on the root surface.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Of the thousands of people murdered every year in the United States, some remain unidentified.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Many victims are not identified for years or even decades after they were killed—as in the case of Tammy Jo Alexander, who was murdered in 1979 and remained unidentified until 2015.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Including both murder victims and those who died of other causes, about 40,000 bodies remain unidentified in the United States.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The body of a white female aged thirty-four to thirty-eight was found in Slaughter Creek, near the Sipsey River in Romulus, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama on April 18, 1982.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The victim had been beaten, strangled and sexually assaulted.", "Tooth whitening __knowledge__ Tooth whitening (termed tooth bleaching when utilizing bleach), is either the restoration of a natural tooth shade or whitening beyond the natural shade.", "Tooth whitening __knowledge__ Restoration of the underlying, natural tooth shade is possible by simply removing surface stains caused by extrinsic factors such as tea, coffee, red wine and tobacco.", "Tooth whitening __knowledge__ The buildup of calculus and tartar can also influence the staining of teeth.", "Tooth whitening __knowledge__ This restoration of the natural tooth shade is achieved by having the teeth cleaned by a dental professional (commonly termed \"scaling and polishing\"), or at home by various oral hygiene methods.", "Tooth whitening __knowledge__ Calculus and tartar are difficult to remove without a professional clean.", "Crown (dentistry) __knowledge__ A crown is a type of dental restoration which completely caps or encircles a tooth or dental implant.", "Crown (dentistry) __knowledge__ Crowns are often needed when a large cavity threatens the ongoing health of a tooth.", "Crown (dentistry) __knowledge__ They are typically bonded to the tooth using a dental cement.", "Crown (dentistry) __knowledge__ Crowns can be made from many materials, which are usually fabricated using \"indirect methods\".", "Crown (dentistry) __knowledge__ Crowns are often used to improve the strength or appearance of teeth.", "Crown (dentistry) __knowledge__ While inarguably beneficial to dental health, the procedure and materials can be relatively expensive.", "Crown (dentistry) __knowledge__ The most common method of crowning a tooth involves using a dental impression of a prepared tooth by a dentist to fabricate the crown outside of the mouth.", "Orthodontics __knowledge__ \"Orthodontics\" is derived from the Greek \"orthos\" (\"correct\", \"straight\") and \"-odont-\" (\"tooth\").", "Orthodontics __knowledge__ The history of orthodontics has been intimately linked with the history of dentistry for more than 2000 years.", "Orthodontics __knowledge__ Dentistry had its origins as a part of medicine.", "Orthodontics __knowledge__ According to the American Association of Orthodontists, archaeologists have discovered mummified ancients with metal bands wrapped around individual teeth.", "Orthodontics __knowledge__ Malocclusion is not a disease, but abnormal alignment of the teeth and the way the upper and lower teeth fit together.", "Orthodontics __knowledge__ The prevalence of malocclusion varies, but using orthodontic treatment indices, which categorize malocclusions in terms of severity, it can be said that nearly 30% of the population present with malocclusions severe enough to benefit from orthodontic treatment.", "Dentistry __knowledge__ Dentistry is a branch of medicine that consists of the study, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases, disorders and conditions of the oral cavity, commonly in the dentition but also the oral mucosa, and of adjacent and related structures and tissues, particularly in the maxillofacial (jaw and facial) area.", "Dentistry __knowledge__ Although primarily associated with teeth among the general public, the field of dentistry or dental medicine is not limited to teeth but includes other aspects of the craniofacial complex including the temporomandibular and other supporting structures.", "Dentistry __knowledge__ Dentistry is often also understood to subsume the now largely defunct medical specialty of stomatology (the study of the mouth and its disorders and diseases) for which reason the two terms are used interchangeably in certain regions.", "Retainer (orthodontics) __knowledge__ Orthodontic retainers are custom-made devices, usually made of wires or clear plastic, that hold teeth in position after surgery or any method of realigning teeth.", "Retainer (orthodontics) __knowledge__ Once a phase of orthodontic treatment has been completed to straighten teeth, there remains a lifelong risk of relapse (a tendency for teeth to return to their original position) due to a number of factors: recoil of periodontal fibres, pressure from surrounding soft tissues, the occlusion and patient’s continued growth and development.", "Retainer (orthodontics) __knowledge__ By using retainers to hold the teeth in their new position for a length of time, the surrounding periodontal fibres are allowed to adapt to changes in the bone which can help minimize any changes to the final tooth position after the completion of orthodontic treatment.", "Dental amalgam controversy __knowledge__ This discussion of the dental amalgam controversy outlines the debate over whether dental amalgam (the silver alloy in dental fillings) should be used.", "Dental amalgam controversy __knowledge__ Supporters claim that it is safe, effective and long-lasting while critics argue that claims have been made since the 1840s that amalgam is unsafe because it may cause mercury poisoning and other toxicity.", "Dental amalgam controversy __knowledge__ Those who are not opposed to the use of amalgam point out that it is safe, durable, relatively inexpensive, and easy to use.", "Dental amalgam controversy __knowledge__ On average, amalgam lasts twice as long as resin composites, takes less time to place, is tolerant of saliva or blood contamination during placement (unlike composites), and is often about 20-30% less expensive.", "Clear aligners __knowledge__ Clear aligners, also known as clear-aligner treatment, are orthodontic devices that are a transparent, plastic form of dental braces used to to adjust teeth.", "Clear aligners __knowledge__ They are sold under at least five brand names, including ClearCorrect, Invisalign, and Orthoclear.", "Clear aligners __knowledge__ A 2014 systematic review concluded that there is insufficient evidence to determine the effectiveness of these therapies.", "Clear aligners __knowledge__ Opinion is that they are effective for moderate crowding of the front teeth, but are less effective than conventional braces for several other issues and are not recommended for children.", "Clear aligners __knowledge__ In particular they are indicated for \"mild to moderate crowding (1–6 mm) and mild to moderate spacing (1–6 mm)\", in cases where there are no discrepancies of the jawbone.", "Dentures __knowledge__ Dentures (also known as false teeth) are prosthetic devices constructed to replace missing teeth; they are supported by the surrounding soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity.", "Dentures __knowledge__ Conventional dentures are removable (removable partial denture or complete denture).", "Dentures __knowledge__ However, there are many denture designs, some which rely on bonding or clasping onto teeth or dental implants (fixed prosthodontics).", "Dentures __knowledge__ There are two main categories of dentures, the distinction being whether they are used to replace missing teeth on the mandibular arch or on the maxillary arch.", "Dentures __knowledge__ Patients can become entirely edentulous (without teeth) for many reasons, the most prevalent being removal due to dental disease typically relating to oral flora control, i.e., periodontal disease and tooth decay." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 4 ]

[ "Hey there! I had braces on my teeth for 5 years! Have you had them?", "Oh okay, well, dental braces are devices that are cemented to your teeth and tied together with a mechanism, usually a metal wire, to straighten your teeth and align your bite for both cosmetic purposes and dental health", "Actually, no as long as you keep your teeth clean while having them on. Many people I see who had them end up having discoloration or stains around where the brackets are but I didnt have that problem. Also braces are almost always used with other appliances that are attached to them to help widen jaws or shape the teeth and jaws correctly." ]

[ "Dental braces", "Dental braces", "Dental braces" ]