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[ "Veterinary medicine\nI have been studying Veterinary Medicine for 10 years.", "Yes, it's a very hard specialty but definitely necessary.", "Oh my. That's scary. How did that happen?", "Which brand of dog food did it affect?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Veterinary medicine is the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease, disorder and injury in non-human animals.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ The scope of veterinary medicine is wide, covering all animal species, both domesticated and wild, with a wide range of conditions which can affect different species.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Veterinary medicine is widely practiced, both with and without professional supervision.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Professional care is most often led by a veterinary physician (also known as a vet, veterinary surgeon or veterinarian), but also by paraveterinary workers such as veterinary nurses or technicians.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ This can be augmented by other paraprofessionals with specific specialisms such as animal physiotherapy or dentistry, and species relevant roles such as farriers.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Veterinary science helps human health through the monitoring and control of zoonotic disease (infectious disease transmitted from non-human animals to humans), food safety, and indirectly through human applications from basic medical research.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ They also help to maintain food supply through livestock health monitoring and treatment, and mental health by keeping pets healthy and long living.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Veterinary scientists often collaborate with epidemiologists, and other health or natural scientists depending on type of work.", "Virginia–Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine __knowledge__ The Virginia–Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine (also known as the Virginia–Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine) is a state-supported college of two states, Virginia and Maryland, filling the need for veterinary medicine education in both states.", "Virginia–Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine __knowledge__ Students from both states are considered \"in-state\" students for admissions purposes.", "Virginia–Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine __knowledge__ It is one of 28 colleges of veterinary medicine in the United States and is accredited by the American Veterinary Medical Association's Council on Education and the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International.", "Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine __knowledge__ The Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine is one of ten major academic divisions of Purdue University.", "Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine __knowledge__ Accredited by the AVMA, this veterinary school offers the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine degree, associate's and bachelor's degrees in veterinary technology, master’s and Ph.D. degrees, and residency programs leading to specialty board certification.", "Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine __knowledge__ Within the state of Indiana, the Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine is the only veterinary school, while the Indiana University School of Medicine is the only medical school.", "Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine __knowledge__ The two schools frequently collaborate on medical research projects.", "Alexandre Liautard __knowledge__ Alexandre François Augustin Liautard was a French veterinarian born on February 15, 1835 in Paris and died April 20, 1918 at Bois-Jérôme-Saint-Ouen, ( Eure, France).", "Alexandre Liautard __knowledge__ After graduating from the École nationale vétérinaire de Toulouse in 1856, he emigrated to the United States in 1859 to exercise his profession of veterinary practitioner in New York until 1900, when he retired and returned to France.", "Alexandre Liautard __knowledge__ The name of Alexandre Liautard is associated with the beginning of private veterinary education in America.", "Alexandre Liautard __knowledge__ Liautard was the founder and dean of the New York American Veterinary College.", "Alexandre Liautard __knowledge__ He participated in organizing the American Veterinary profession and founded the United States Veterinary Medical Association, now the American Veterinary Medical Association, of which he was for many years a driving force.", "Faculty of Veterinary Medicine – Stara Zagora __knowledge__ The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine is a state-funded higher education establishment.", "Faculty of Veterinary Medicine – Stara Zagora __knowledge__ Its mission is to provide excellence in teaching, research, animal patient consulting and care services.", "Faculty of Veterinary Medicine – Stara Zagora __knowledge__ The idea about the foundation of a veterinary medical faculty in Bulgaria emerges because of the need of veterinary certification of livestock production and export combined with the impossibility to ensure the needed number of veterinary professionals by tuition in foreign veterinary medicine universities.", "Faculty of Veterinary Medicine – Stara Zagora __knowledge__ The proposal was first brought up in 1897, and, after several unsuccessful attempts, was resurrected again after the First World War.", "Veterinary education __knowledge__ Veterinary education is the tertiary education of veterinarians.", "Veterinary education __knowledge__ To become a veterinarian, one must first complete a veterinary degree (DVM, VMD, BVS, BVSc, BVMS, BVM, cand.med.vet).", "Veterinary education __knowledge__ Many veterinary schools outside North America use the title \"Faculty of Veterinary Science\" instead of \"College of Veterinary Medicine\" or \"School of Veterinary Medicine\", and some veterinary schools in China, Japan and South Korea (such as the DVM degree-awarding Department of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry at Guangxi University in China and the Department of Veterinary Medicine at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology use the term \"Department\".)", "History of veterinary medicine in the Philippines __knowledge__ The history of veterinary medicine in the Philippines discusses the history of veterinary medicine as a profession in the Philippines.", "History of veterinary medicine in the Philippines __knowledge__ Its history in the Philippines began in 1828, while the Philippines was still a colony of Spain, progressing further during the time when the Philippines became a territory of the United States, until the establishment of the Philippines as an independent Republic in the modern-day era.", "History of veterinary medicine in the Philippines __knowledge__ Although there was a Spanish Royal Decree that was issued on May 31, 1828 assigning that there should be one veterinarian for the Philippine islands (a number later increased to two veterinarians in 1843), the highlight of the history of veterinary medicine in the Philippines was in 1888, when the need to investigate the occurrence of the Rinderpest epizootic (cattle plague) in the Philippine islands emerged.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ A veterinary physician, usually called a vet, which is shortened from veterinarian (American English, Australian English) or veterinary surgeon (British English), is a professional who practices veterinary medicine by treating diseases, disorders, and injuries in animals.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many countries, the local nomenclature for a veterinarian is a regulated and protected term, meaning that members of the public without the prerequisite qualifications and/or licensure are not able to use the title.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many cases, the activities that may be undertaken by a veterinarian (such as treatment of illness or surgery in animals) are restricted only to those professionals who are registered as a veterinarian." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Veterinary medicine is the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease, disorder and injury in non-human animals.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ The scope of veterinary medicine is wide, covering all animal species, both domesticated and wild, with a wide range of conditions which can affect different species.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Veterinary medicine is widely practiced, both with and without professional supervision.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Professional care is most often led by a veterinary physician (also known as a vet, veterinary surgeon or veterinarian), but also by paraveterinary workers such as veterinary nurses or technicians.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ This can be augmented by other paraprofessionals with specific specialisms such as animal physiotherapy or dentistry, and species relevant roles such as farriers.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Veterinary science helps human health through the monitoring and control of zoonotic disease (infectious disease transmitted from non-human animals to humans), food safety, and indirectly through human applications from basic medical research.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ They also help to maintain food supply through livestock health monitoring and treatment, and mental health by keeping pets healthy and long living.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Veterinary scientists often collaborate with epidemiologists, and other health or natural scientists depending on type of work.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Gravesend Airport __knowledge__ Gravesend Airport, located south-east of Gravesend town centre, Kent and west of Gillingham, Kent.", "Gravesend Airport __knowledge__ It was operated from 1932 until 1956.", "Gravesend Airport __knowledge__ It was initially a civil airfield, and became a Royal Air Force station known as RAF Gravesend during the Second World War, when it was under the control of RAF Fighter Command during the Battle of Britain.", "Gravesend Airport __knowledge__ It was the first RAF station to operate the P-51 Mustang III.", "Gravesend Airport __knowledge__ The airport was operated by Gravesend Aviation Ltd served Gravesend and has a significant place in the history of British aviation.", "Gravesend Airport __knowledge__ From 1933 to 1936 it was home to Percival Aircraft, building the famous Mew Gull racing aircraft among others, before the company moved to Luton.", "Hard Rain (band) __knowledge__ Hard Rain were a British Melodic Rock band from Birmingham, England.", "Hard Rain (band) __knowledge__ Formed in 1996, following the demise of Magnum.", "Hard Rain (band) __knowledge__ The core of the band are vocalist Bob Catley and guitarist/songwriter Tony Clarkin.", "Hard Rain (band) __knowledge__ After Magnum split, a spin-off group featuring Catley and Clarkin was formed called Hard Rain, with a contemporary and alternative style.", "Hard Rain (band) __knowledge__ They released the albums \"Hard Rain\" in 1997 and \"When the Good Times Come\" in 1999.", "Hard Rain (band) __knowledge__ At this time, Catley was becoming increasingly focused on his solo career, and he quit Hard Rain in 1999, marking the end of a working relationship with Clarkin that dated back to 1972.", "Tony Clarkin __knowledge__ Tony Clarkin (born Anthony Michael Clarkin, 24 November 1946) is an English musician and record producer, best known as the guitarist of the rock band Magnum.", "Tony Clarkin __knowledge__ He has been the primary songwriter throughout Magnum's history, writing all of the material on their 19 studio albums.", "Tony Clarkin __knowledge__ Clarkin was born and grew up in the Shard End area of Birmingham, which spawned a number of bands tagged with the 'Brum Beat' label.", "Tony Clarkin __knowledge__ Leaving school to train as a Ladies hairdresser he soon quit to join his first band The Boulevards with former school friends.", "Tony Clarkin __knowledge__ Formed in 1972, Magnum have undergone several changes in personnel over the years, however the core of vocalist Bob Catley and guitarist/songwriter Tony Clarkin remain today.", "Specialty drugs in the United States __knowledge__ Specialty drugs or specialty pharmaceuticals are a recent designation of pharmaceuticals that are classified as high-cost, high complexity and/or high touch.", "Specialty drugs in the United States __knowledge__ Specialty drugs are often biologics—\"drugs derived from living cells\" that are injectable or infused (although some are oral medications).", "Specialty drugs in the United States __knowledge__ They are used to treat complex or rare chronic conditions such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, hemophilia, H.I.V.", "Specialty drugs in the United States __knowledge__ psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease and hepatitis C. In 1990 there were 10 specialty drugs on the market, in the mid-1990s there were fewer than 30, by 2008 there were 200, and by 2015 there were 300.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Breath of Life (Magnum album) __knowledge__ Breath of Life is the 12th studio album by English rock band Magnum.", "Breath of Life (Magnum album) __knowledge__ It was released in 2002 by SPV.", "Breath of Life (Magnum album) __knowledge__ \"Breath of Life\" is Magnum's comeback album after a break of more than six years.", "Breath of Life (Magnum album) __knowledge__ The album marks the return of Bob Catley (vocalist), Tony Clarkin (guitarist) and Mark Stanway (keyboards).", "Breath of Life (Magnum album) __knowledge__ Clarkin produced the album during summer 2001 at the Mad Hat Studios in Wolverhampton.", "Breath of Life (Magnum album) __knowledge__ Clarkin says, \"The break since the middle of the Nineties was definitely necessary for me.", "Breath of Life (Magnum album) __knowledge__ Since the end of the Seventies, in fact since we embarked on the preparations for our debut recording \"Kingdom of Madness\", not a single month had gone by in which I didn't work for Magnum, composed for the group, or at least thought of them permanently.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ The 2007 pet food recalls comprise the contamination and wide recall of many brands of cat and dog foods beginning in March 2007, and the ensuing developments involving the human food supply.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ The recalls in North America, Europe, and South Africa came in response to reports of renal failure in pets.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ Initially, the recalls were associated with the consumption of mostly wet pet foods made with wheat gluten from a single Chinese company.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ After more than three weeks of complaints from consumers, the recall began voluntarily with the Canadian company Menu Foods on 16 March 2007, when a company test showed sickness and death in some of the test animals.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ A veterinary physician, usually called a vet, which is shortened from veterinarian (American English, Australian English) or veterinary surgeon (British English), is a professional who practices veterinary medicine by treating diseases, disorders, and injuries in animals.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many countries, the local nomenclature for a veterinarian is a regulated and protected term, meaning that members of the public without the prerequisite qualifications and/or licensure are not able to use the title.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many cases, the activities that may be undertaken by a veterinarian (such as treatment of illness or surgery in animals) are restricted only to those professionals who are registered as a veterinarian.", "Virginia–Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine __knowledge__ The Virginia–Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine (also known as the Virginia–Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine) is a state-supported college of two states, Virginia and Maryland, filling the need for veterinary medicine education in both states.", "Virginia–Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine __knowledge__ Students from both states are considered \"in-state\" students for admissions purposes.", "Virginia–Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine __knowledge__ It is one of 28 colleges of veterinary medicine in the United States and is accredited by the American Veterinary Medical Association's Council on Education and the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International.", "Alexandre Liautard __knowledge__ Alexandre François Augustin Liautard was a French veterinarian born on February 15, 1835 in Paris and died April 20, 1918 at Bois-Jérôme-Saint-Ouen, ( Eure, France).", "Alexandre Liautard __knowledge__ After graduating from the École nationale vétérinaire de Toulouse in 1856, he emigrated to the United States in 1859 to exercise his profession of veterinary practitioner in New York until 1900, when he retired and returned to France.", "Alexandre Liautard __knowledge__ The name of Alexandre Liautard is associated with the beginning of private veterinary education in America.", "Alexandre Liautard __knowledge__ Liautard was the founder and dean of the New York American Veterinary College.", "Alexandre Liautard __knowledge__ He participated in organizing the American Veterinary profession and founded the United States Veterinary Medical Association, now the American Veterinary Medical Association, of which he was for many years a driving force.", "Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine __knowledge__ The Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine is one of ten major academic divisions of Purdue University.", "Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine __knowledge__ Accredited by the AVMA, this veterinary school offers the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine degree, associate's and bachelor's degrees in veterinary technology, master’s and Ph.D. degrees, and residency programs leading to specialty board certification.", "Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine __knowledge__ Within the state of Indiana, the Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine is the only veterinary school, while the Indiana University School of Medicine is the only medical school.", "Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine __knowledge__ The two schools frequently collaborate on medical research projects.", "Faculty of Veterinary Medicine – Stara Zagora __knowledge__ The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine is a state-funded higher education establishment.", "Faculty of Veterinary Medicine – Stara Zagora __knowledge__ Its mission is to provide excellence in teaching, research, animal patient consulting and care services.", "Faculty of Veterinary Medicine – Stara Zagora __knowledge__ The idea about the foundation of a veterinary medical faculty in Bulgaria emerges because of the need of veterinary certification of livestock production and export combined with the impossibility to ensure the needed number of veterinary professionals by tuition in foreign veterinary medicine universities.", "Faculty of Veterinary Medicine – Stara Zagora __knowledge__ The proposal was first brought up in 1897, and, after several unsuccessful attempts, was resurrected again after the First World War.", "Veterinary education __knowledge__ Veterinary education is the tertiary education of veterinarians.", "Veterinary education __knowledge__ To become a veterinarian, one must first complete a veterinary degree (DVM, VMD, BVS, BVSc, BVMS, BVM, cand.med.vet).", "Veterinary education __knowledge__ Many veterinary schools outside North America use the title \"Faculty of Veterinary Science\" instead of \"College of Veterinary Medicine\" or \"School of Veterinary Medicine\", and some veterinary schools in China, Japan and South Korea (such as the DVM degree-awarding Department of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry at Guangxi University in China and the Department of Veterinary Medicine at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology use the term \"Department\".)" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Veterinary medicine is the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease, disorder and injury in non-human animals.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ The scope of veterinary medicine is wide, covering all animal species, both domesticated and wild, with a wide range of conditions which can affect different species.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Veterinary medicine is widely practiced, both with and without professional supervision.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Professional care is most often led by a veterinary physician (also known as a vet, veterinary surgeon or veterinarian), but also by paraveterinary workers such as veterinary nurses or technicians.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ This can be augmented by other paraprofessionals with specific specialisms such as animal physiotherapy or dentistry, and species relevant roles such as farriers.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Veterinary science helps human health through the monitoring and control of zoonotic disease (infectious disease transmitted from non-human animals to humans), food safety, and indirectly through human applications from basic medical research.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ They also help to maintain food supply through livestock health monitoring and treatment, and mental health by keeping pets healthy and long living.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Veterinary scientists often collaborate with epidemiologists, and other health or natural scientists depending on type of work.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the Nickelodeon animated television series \"The Fairly OddParents\".", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Portrayed by: Timothy \"Timmy\" Tiberius Turner was given fairy godparents to grant his every wish.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ Their names are Cosmo and Wanda.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ His wishes often have unpredictable and problematic side effects, and are often reverted upon Timmy's request by the end of the episode.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ His interests include comic books (particularly those centered around his favorite superhero, the Crimson Chin), video games, cartoons,and sports.", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ Timmy's middle name is Tiberius, as revealed in \"Manic Mom Day\".", "List of The Fairly OddParents characters __knowledge__ During a time travel trip, Timmy accidentally arrives the day his parents moved into their house; unseen, he learns that they were expecting a girl, hence his pink hat.", "Scary Movie (film series) __knowledge__ Scary Movie is a series of American horror comedy parody films created by Keenen Ivory Wayans with his younger brothers, Shawn Wayans and Marlon Wayans, that mainly specialize in parodying horror films, which have collectively grossed over $895 million at the box-office worldwide.", "Scary Movie (film series) __knowledge__ The two main recurring actors of the first four installments were Anna Faris and Regina Hall as Cindy Campbell and Brenda Meeks, joined by new or recurring actors and characters.", "Scary Movie (film series) __knowledge__ The franchise was developed by The Wayans Brothers, who wrote and directed the first two films before leaving the franchise.", "Scary Movie (film series) __knowledge__ Their entries were produced by Dimension Films and distributed by two different studios: Miramax Films, as it was originally the studio's genre film label during executive producers Bob and Harvey Weinstein's run and produced the first three films, and The Weinstein Company—the brothers' subsequently formed studio—which produced the rest of the series' release after the Weinsteins departed Miramax and took the Dimension label with them.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Is It Scary __knowledge__ \"Is It Scary\" is a song by American recording artist Michael Jackson.", "Is It Scary __knowledge__ The song was originally written to have been featured in the 1993 film \"Addams Family Values\", but the plans were canceled after contract conflicts.", "Is It Scary __knowledge__ The song was recorded for Jackson's 1997 remix album, \"\".", "Is It Scary __knowledge__ \"Is It Scary\" was written and produced by Jackson, Jimmy Jam (James Harris III) and Terry Lewis.", "Is It Scary __knowledge__ \"Is It Scary\" received mixed reviews from contemporary music critics.", "Is It Scary __knowledge__ Musically, the song was viewed by music critics as showing a \"darker side\" of Jackson, and compared the song's composition to the music of Marilyn Manson.", "Is It Scary __knowledge__ In November 1997, a radio edit version of the song was released as a promotional single in the Netherlands, while promo singles containing remixes were released in the United States and the United Kingdom.", "Scary Chicken __knowledge__ Scary Chicken is a Buffalo, New York–based band that was active 1989–2002.", "Scary Chicken __knowledge__ Formed at the University at Buffalo, the band recorded and released 4 CDs and 2 cassettes, and has had songs placed in multiple Motion Picture Soundtracks and National TV shows, most recently on Spike TV's \"Top Dead Center\" program.", "Scary Chicken __knowledge__ The band members are Tim Bryant (guitar, vocals), Tom Greier (guitar, vocals), Paul Zacks (bass), Dan \"Scary\" Braun (drums).", "Scary Chicken __knowledge__ Zacks, who died in 2015, had previously been a member of the Rochester, New York–based band The Elephant Balls Experience.", "Scary Chicken __knowledge__ Formed in 1989, Scary Chicken passed through the Buffalo college circuit and its growing club scene, to become one of the area's most popular alternative bands.", "Scream (1996 film) __knowledge__ Scream is a 1996 American slasher film directed by Wes Craven and written by Kevin Williamson.", "Scream (1996 film) __knowledge__ The film stars David Arquette, Neve Campbell, Courteney Cox, Matthew Lillard, Rose McGowan, Skeet Ulrich, and Drew Barrymore.", "Scream (1996 film) __knowledge__ Released on December 20, 1996, \"Scream\" follows the character of Sidney Prescott (Campbell), a high school student in the fictional town of Woodsboro, California, who becomes the target of a mysterious killer known as Ghostface.", "Scream (1996 film) __knowledge__ The film combined black comedy and \"whodunit\" mystery with the violence of the slasher genre to satirize the clichés of the horror film genre popularized in films such as \"Halloween\" and \"Friday the 13th\".", "Protein adulteration in China __knowledge__ In the People's Republic of China, the adulteration and contamination of several food and feed ingredients with inexpensive melamine and other compounds, such as cyanuric acid, ammeline and ammelide, are common practice.", "Protein adulteration in China __knowledge__ These adulterants can be used to inflate the apparent protein content of products, so that inexpensive ingredients can pass for more expensive, concentrated proteins.", "Protein adulteration in China __knowledge__ Melamine by itself has not been thought to be very toxic to animals or humans except possibly in very high concentrations, but the combination of melamine and cyanuric acid has been implicated in kidney failure.", "Protein adulteration in China __knowledge__ Reports that cyanuric acid may be an independently and potentially widely used adulterant in China have heightened concerns for both animal and human health.", "Timeline of the 2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ This timeline of the 2007 pet food recalls documents how events related to the 2007 pet food recalls unfolded.", "Timeline of the 2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ Several contaminated Chinese vegetable proteins were used by pet food makers in North America, Europe and South Africa, leading to renal failure in animals fed the contaminated food.", "Timeline of the 2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ Both the centralization of the pet food industry and the speed and manner of the industry and government response became the subjects of critical discussion.", "Timeline of the 2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ Tainted wheat gluten in bags from Xuzhou Anying Biologic Technology Development Company in China is imported to the United States by Las Vegas-based ChemNutra, Inc. from a Chinese textile company.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ The 2007 pet food recalls comprise the contamination and wide recall of many brands of cat and dog foods beginning in March 2007, and the ensuing developments involving the human food supply.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ The recalls in North America, Europe, and South Africa came in response to reports of renal failure in pets.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ Initially, the recalls were associated with the consumption of mostly wet pet foods made with wheat gluten from a single Chinese company.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ After more than three weeks of complaints from consumers, the recall began voluntarily with the Canadian company Menu Foods on 16 March 2007, when a company test showed sickness and death in some of the test animals.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Dog food is food specifically formulated and intended for consumption by dogs and other related canines.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Like all carnivores, dogs have sharp, pointed teeth, and have short gastrointestinal tracts better suited for the consumption of meat.", "Dog food __knowledge__ In spite of this natural carnivorous design, dogs have still managed to adapt over thousands of years to survive on the meat and non-meat scraps and leftovers of human existence and thrive on a variety of foods.", "Dog food __knowledge__ In the United States alone, dog owners spent over $8.6 billion on commercially manufactured dog food in 2007.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Some people make their own dog food, feed their dogs meals made from ingredients purchased in grocery or health food stores or give their dogs a raw food diet.", "Pet food __knowledge__ Pet food is plant or animal material intended for consumption by pets.", "Pet food __knowledge__ Typically sold in pet stores and supermarkets, it is usually specific to the type of animal, such as dog food or cat food.", "Pet food __knowledge__ Most meat used for nonhuman animals is a byproduct of the human food industry, and is not regarded as \"human grade\".", "Pet food __knowledge__ Four companies—Procter & Gamble, Nestlé, Mars, and Colgate-Palmolive—are thought to control 80% of the world's pet-food market, which in 2007 amounted to US$ 45.12 billion for cats and dogs alone.", "Pet food __knowledge__ Pet food sales in 2016 reached an all-time high of $28.23 billion in the United States.", "Pet food __knowledge__ Mars is the leading company in the pet food industry, making about $17 billion annually in pet care products.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Pet Fooled __knowledge__ Pet Fooled (stylized PET FOOD) is a 2016 American independent documentary film exploring the pet food industry with interviews from veterinarians and pet owners whose pets died, they allege, due to commercial packaged pet food.", "Pet Fooled __knowledge__ After premiering at the Catalina Film Festival on 2 October 2016, the film had an \"on demand theatrical run\" via Gathr, after which it became available on VOD platforms on 10 January 2017.", "Pet Fooled __knowledge__ The film is currently available to Netflix subscribers, as a digital download on iTunes or as a physical DVD via Amazon.", "Pet Fooled __knowledge__ The film, produced by Myla Films and directed/narrated by Kohl Harrington, was distributed by Gravitas Ventures." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Veterinary medicine is the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease, disorder and injury in non-human animals.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ The scope of veterinary medicine is wide, covering all animal species, both domesticated and wild, with a wide range of conditions which can affect different species.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Veterinary medicine is widely practiced, both with and without professional supervision.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Professional care is most often led by a veterinary physician (also known as a vet, veterinary surgeon or veterinarian), but also by paraveterinary workers such as veterinary nurses or technicians.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ This can be augmented by other paraprofessionals with specific specialisms such as animal physiotherapy or dentistry, and species relevant roles such as farriers.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Veterinary science helps human health through the monitoring and control of zoonotic disease (infectious disease transmitted from non-human animals to humans), food safety, and indirectly through human applications from basic medical research.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ They also help to maintain food supply through livestock health monitoring and treatment, and mental health by keeping pets healthy and long living.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Veterinary scientists often collaborate with epidemiologists, and other health or natural scientists depending on type of work.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Dog food is food specifically formulated and intended for consumption by dogs and other related canines.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Like all carnivores, dogs have sharp, pointed teeth, and have short gastrointestinal tracts better suited for the consumption of meat.", "Dog food __knowledge__ In spite of this natural carnivorous design, dogs have still managed to adapt over thousands of years to survive on the meat and non-meat scraps and leftovers of human existence and thrive on a variety of foods.", "Dog food __knowledge__ In the United States alone, dog owners spent over $8.6 billion on commercially manufactured dog food in 2007.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Some people make their own dog food, feed their dogs meals made from ingredients purchased in grocery or health food stores or give their dogs a raw food diet.", "Beneful __knowledge__ Beneful is a brand of dog food products by Nestle Purina Petcare global that includes wet dog food, dry dog food and dog treats.", "Beneful __knowledge__ As of 2012, it was the fourth most popular dog food brand, generating more than $1.5 billion in annual revenues.", "Beneful __knowledge__ According to a SWOT analysis by Marketline, Beneful is one of Nestle Purina's more significant brands by revenue.", "Beneful __knowledge__ The Beneful brand of dog food was introduced to the market in 2001.", "Beneful __knowledge__ It was marketed on the basis of nutrition and appearance; it resembled stew and contained beef pieces.", "Beneful __knowledge__ According to a company spokesperson, the term \"Beneful\" means \"full of goodness\".", "Timeline of the 2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ This timeline of the 2007 pet food recalls documents how events related to the 2007 pet food recalls unfolded.", "Timeline of the 2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ Several contaminated Chinese vegetable proteins were used by pet food makers in North America, Europe and South Africa, leading to renal failure in animals fed the contaminated food.", "Timeline of the 2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ Both the centralization of the pet food industry and the speed and manner of the industry and government response became the subjects of critical discussion.", "Timeline of the 2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ Tainted wheat gluten in bags from Xuzhou Anying Biologic Technology Development Company in China is imported to the United States by Las Vegas-based ChemNutra, Inc. from a Chinese textile company.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Like the human practice of veganism, vegan dog foods are those formulated with the exclusion of ingredients that contain or were processed with any part of an animal, or any animal byproduct.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Vegan dog food may incorporate the use of fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, nuts, vegetable oils, soya, as well as any other non-animal based foods.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ The omnivorous domestic canine has evolved to metabolize carbohydrates and thrive on a diet lower in protein, and therefore, a vegan diet may be substantial if properly formulated and balanced.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be defined as the practice of consuming foods that are primarily derived from plants, with or without dairy products, eggs, and/or honey.", "Edward L. Atkinson __knowledge__ Edward Leicester Atkinson, (23 November 1881 – 20 February 1929) was a Royal Navy surgeon and Antarctic explorer who was a member of the scientific staff of Captain Scott's Terra Nova Expedition, 1910–13.", "Edward L. Atkinson __knowledge__ He was in command of the expedition's base at Cape Evans for much of 1912, and led the party which found the tent containing the bodies of Scott, \"Birdie\" Bowers and Edward Wilson.", "Edward L. Atkinson __knowledge__ Atkinson was subsequently associated with two controversies: that relating to Scott's orders concerning the use of dogs, and that relating to the possible incidence of scurvy in the polar party.", "Edward L. Atkinson __knowledge__ He is commemorated by the Atkinson Cliffs on the northern coast of Victoria Land, Antarctica, at .", "Hypoallergenic dog food __knowledge__ Hypoallergenic dog food diets are created for canines that experience food-related allergies causing adverse effects to their physical health.", "Hypoallergenic dog food __knowledge__ The molecules that \"usually\" become allergens are intact proteins or glycoproteins.", "Hypoallergenic dog food __knowledge__ Hypoallergenic dog food diets offer a variety of protein sources that are unique by using proteins that are not recognized by the dog's antibodies as being antigens, minimizing allergic reactions.", "Hypoallergenic dog food __knowledge__ Adding novel protein sources, such as novel meats that a dog or its ancestors have never been exposed to is one method.", "Hypoallergenic dog food __knowledge__ Novel proteins can also be created by chemically modifying well known protein sources using hydrolysis techniques, rendering proteins unrecognizable by the gastrointestinal tract.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Yup'ik cuisine (\"Yupiit neqait\" in Yup'ik language, literally \"Yup'iks' foods\" or \"Yup'iks' fishes\") refers to the Eskimo style traditional subsistence food and cuisine of the Yup'ik people from the western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik cuisine for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig cuisine for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ This cuisine is traditionally based on meat from fish, birds, sea and land mammals, and normally contains high levels of protein.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Subsistence foods are generally considered by many to be nutritionally superior superfoods.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ The 2007 pet food recalls comprise the contamination and wide recall of many brands of cat and dog foods beginning in March 2007, and the ensuing developments involving the human food supply.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ The recalls in North America, Europe, and South Africa came in response to reports of renal failure in pets.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ Initially, the recalls were associated with the consumption of mostly wet pet foods made with wheat gluten from a single Chinese company.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ After more than three weeks of complaints from consumers, the recall began voluntarily with the Canadian company Menu Foods on 16 March 2007, when a company test showed sickness and death in some of the test animals.", "Protein adulteration in China __knowledge__ In the People's Republic of China, the adulteration and contamination of several food and feed ingredients with inexpensive melamine and other compounds, such as cyanuric acid, ammeline and ammelide, are common practice.", "Protein adulteration in China __knowledge__ These adulterants can be used to inflate the apparent protein content of products, so that inexpensive ingredients can pass for more expensive, concentrated proteins.", "Protein adulteration in China __knowledge__ Melamine by itself has not been thought to be very toxic to animals or humans except possibly in very high concentrations, but the combination of melamine and cyanuric acid has been implicated in kidney failure.", "Protein adulteration in China __knowledge__ Reports that cyanuric acid may be an independently and potentially widely used adulterant in China have heightened concerns for both animal and human health.", "Wheat gluten (food) __knowledge__ Wheat gluten is a food made from gluten, the main protein of wheat.", "Wheat gluten (food) __knowledge__ It is made by washing wheat flour dough with water until all the starch granules have been removed, leaving the sticky insoluble gluten as an elastic mass which is then cooked before being eaten.", "Wheat gluten (food) __knowledge__ Wheat gluten is also called seitan (, ; Japanese: セイタン), mianjin (Chinese: 麵筋), wheat meat, gluten meat, or simply gluten.", "Wheat gluten (food) __knowledge__ Wheat gluten is an alternative to soybean-based foods such as tofu, which are sometimes used as meat substitutes.", "Wheat gluten (food) __knowledge__ Some types of wheat gluten have a chewy or stringy texture that resembles meat more than other substitutes.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Pet food __knowledge__ Pet food is plant or animal material intended for consumption by pets.", "Pet food __knowledge__ Typically sold in pet stores and supermarkets, it is usually specific to the type of animal, such as dog food or cat food.", "Pet food __knowledge__ Most meat used for nonhuman animals is a byproduct of the human food industry, and is not regarded as \"human grade\".", "Pet food __knowledge__ Four companies—Procter & Gamble, Nestlé, Mars, and Colgate-Palmolive—are thought to control 80% of the world's pet-food market, which in 2007 amounted to US$ 45.12 billion for cats and dogs alone.", "Pet food __knowledge__ Pet food sales in 2016 reached an all-time high of $28.23 billion in the United States.", "Pet food __knowledge__ Mars is the leading company in the pet food industry, making about $17 billion annually in pet care products." ] ]

[ 1, 47, 57, 44 ]

[ "Oh good for you, veterinary medicine is needed a lot for our pets especially dogs.", "Especially when there is pet food recalls and your dog gets sick. In 2007 it almost went into the human food supply.", "It was because a Chinese company supplied the wheat gluten, which caused renal failure in animals.", "It was a Canadian company that suffered called 'Menu Foods, testing showed sickness and sometimes death. Crazy huh?" ]

[ "Veterinary medicine", "Veterinary medicine", "Veterinary medicine", "Veterinary medicine" ]

[ "Face Off (TV series)\nI love watching the tv show Face Off have you ever seen it?", "Thats the one, I always thought it would be cool to be one of the models who get their makeup done on the show", "I think it takes a long time to get the makeup put on though. Id worry about having to go to the bathroom, or eating", "I am amazed by the talent they have though. I wish I could do that" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Face Off is an American reality television game show on the Syfy cable network in which a group of prosthetic makeup artists compete against each other to create prostheses such as those found in science fiction and horror films.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Each episode features one or more challenges, with the work reviewed by a panel of judges and eliminating one or more artists each week until a final winner is chosen.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Actress McKenzie Westmore, known for her role as Sheridan Crane on the former NBC/DirecTV soap opera \"Passions\" and a member of the Westmore family of makeup artists, serves as the show's host.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ For each assignment, the contestants' work is individually evaluated by a panel of professional special effects makeup artists who serve as judges.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ These judges have included Academy Award-winning makeup artist Ve Neill, and television and film makeup artist Glenn Hetrick, creature designer and director Patrick Tatopoulos (Season 1 - 3), and Neville Page (Season 3 - present).", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Industry figures and artists including Brian Grazer, Kevin Smith, Paul W. S. Anderson, Greg Nicotero, Rick Baker, Doug Jones, Len Wiseman and Gale Anne Hurd have served as guest judges.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ \"Face Off\" premiered January 26, 2011 on Syfy.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The Monkees are an American rock and pop band originally active between 1965 and 1971, with subsequent reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ They were formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider for the American television series \"The Monkees\", which aired from 1966 to 1968.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The musical acting quartet was composed of Americans Micky Dolenz, Michael Nesmith and Peter Tork and British stage and television actor and singer Davy Jones.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The band's music was initially supervised by producer Don Kirshner, backed by the songwriting duo of Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of M*A*S*H characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the \"M*A*S*H\" franchise, covering the various fictional characters appearing in the novel \"\" and its sequels, the 1970 film adaptation of the novel, and the television series M*A*S*H, \"AfterMASH\", \"W*A*L*T*E*R\", and \"Trapper John, M.D.. M*A*S*H is a popular media franchise revolving around the staff of the 4077th Mobile Army Surgical Hospital as they attempt to maintain sanity during the harshness of the Korean War.", "List of M*A*S*H characters __knowledge__ Captain Benjamin Franklin \"Hawkeye\" Pierce is the lead protagonist in the \"MASH\" novels, film, and television series." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Face Off is an American reality television game show on the Syfy cable network in which a group of prosthetic makeup artists compete against each other to create prostheses such as those found in science fiction and horror films.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Each episode features one or more challenges, with the work reviewed by a panel of judges and eliminating one or more artists each week until a final winner is chosen.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Actress McKenzie Westmore, known for her role as Sheridan Crane on the former NBC/DirecTV soap opera \"Passions\" and a member of the Westmore family of makeup artists, serves as the show's host.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ For each assignment, the contestants' work is individually evaluated by a panel of professional special effects makeup artists who serve as judges.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ These judges have included Academy Award-winning makeup artist Ve Neill, and television and film makeup artist Glenn Hetrick, creature designer and director Patrick Tatopoulos (Season 1 - 3), and Neville Page (Season 3 - present).", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Industry figures and artists including Brian Grazer, Kevin Smith, Paul W. S. Anderson, Greg Nicotero, Rick Baker, Doug Jones, Len Wiseman and Gale Anne Hurd have served as guest judges.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ \"Face Off\" premiered January 26, 2011 on Syfy.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ Dame Anna Wintour (; born 3 November 1949) is a British-American journalist and editor.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ She has been editor-in-chief of \"Vogue\" since 1988.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ In 2013, she became artistic director for Condé Nast, \"Vogue\"'s publisher.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ With her trademark pageboy bob haircut and dark sunglasses, Wintour has become an important figure in much of the fashion world, widely praised for her eye for fashion trends and her support for younger designers.", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ Her reportedly aloof and demanding personality has earned her the nickname \"Nuclear Wintour\".", "Anna Wintour __knowledge__ The eldest daughter of Charles Wintour, editor of the London \"Evening Standard\" (1959–76), her father consulted her on how to make the newspaper relevant to the youth of the era.", "Model (person) __knowledge__ A model is a person with a role either to promote, display or advertise commercial products (notably fashion clothing in fashion shows), or to serve as a visual aid for people who are creating works of art or to pose for photography.", "Model (person) __knowledge__ Modelling (\"modeling\" in American English) is considered to be different from other types of public performance, such as acting or dancing.", "Model (person) __knowledge__ Although the difference between modelling and performing is not always clear, appearing in a film or a play is not generally considered to be \"modelling\".", "Model (person) __knowledge__ Types of modelling include: fashion, glamour, fitness, bikini, fine art, body-part, promotional and commercial print models.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "Characters of Holby City __knowledge__ \"Holby City\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 12 January 1999 on BBC One.", "Characters of Holby City __knowledge__ The series was created by Tony McHale and Mal Young as a spin-off from the established BBC medical drama \"Casualty\".", "Characters of Holby City __knowledge__ It is set in the same hospital as \"Casualty\", Holby General, in the fictional city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with both \"Casualty\" (in episodes broadcast as \"Casualty@Holby City\") and the show's 2007 police procedural spin-off \"HolbyBlue\".", "Characters of Holby City __knowledge__ \"Holby City\" follows the professional and personal lives of surgeons, nurses, other medical and ancillary staff and patients at Holby General.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "Reality television __knowledge__ Reality television is a genre of television programming that documents supposedly unscripted real-life situations, and often features an otherwise unknown cast of individuals who are typically not professional actors, although in some shows celebrities may participate.", "Reality television __knowledge__ It differs from documentary television in that the focus tends to be on drama, personal conflict, and entertainment rather than educating viewers.", "Reality television __knowledge__ An early term for the format was \"docu-soap\".", "Reality television __knowledge__ The genre has various standard tropes, including \"confessionals\" (also called \"talking heads\" or \"interview segments\") used by cast members to express their thoughts, which often double as the shows' narration.", "List of Drawn Together characters __knowledge__ List of characters appearing in the animated television series \"Drawn Together\".", "List of Drawn Together characters __knowledge__ All eight of the four main housemates have physically appeared in every episode and the movie.", "List of Drawn Together characters __knowledge__ However, there have been certain episodes where some of them have had no lines of dialogue.", "List of Drawn Together characters __knowledge__ Toot didn't speak in the episodes \"Foxxy VS the Board of Education\" and \"Nipple Ring-Ring Goes to Foster Care.\"", "List of Drawn Together characters __knowledge__ Clara and Xandir didn't speak in \"Breakfast Food Killer\" and Ling-Ling had no dialogue in the episodes \"Dirty Pranking No.", "List of Drawn Together characters __knowledge__ 2,\" \"A Tale of Two Cows,\" \"The Drawn Together Clip Show,\" \"Spelling Applebee's\" and \"Unrestrainable Trainable.\"", "RuPaul's Drag Race __knowledge__ RuPaul's Drag Race is an American reality competition television series produced by World of Wonder for Logo TV and, beginning with the ninth season, VH1.", "RuPaul's Drag Race __knowledge__ The show documents RuPaul in the search for \"America's next drag superstar.\"", "RuPaul's Drag Race __knowledge__ RuPaul plays the role of host, mentor, and head judge for this series, as contestants are given different challenges each week.", "RuPaul's Drag Race __knowledge__ \"RuPaul's Drag Race\" employs a panel of judges, including RuPaul, Michelle Visage, Ross Mathews, Carson Kressley, and a host of other guest judges, who critique contestants' progress throughout the competition.", "RuPaul's Drag Race __knowledge__ The title of the show is a play on drag queen and drag racing, and the title sequence and song \"Drag Race\" both have a drag-racing theme.", "MC Hammer __knowledge__ Stanley Kirk Burrell (born March 30, 1962), better known by his stage name MC Hammer, is an American hip hop recording artist, dancer, record producer and entrepreneur.", "MC Hammer __knowledge__ He had his greatest commercial success and popularity from the late 1980s, until the early 1990s.", "MC Hammer __knowledge__ Remembered for his rapid rise to fame, Hammer is known for hit records (such as \"U Can't Touch This\" and \"2 Legit 2 Quit\"), flashy dance movements, choreography and eponymous Hammer pants.", "MC Hammer __knowledge__ A multi-award winner, M.C.", "MC Hammer __knowledge__ Hammer is considered a \"forefather/pioneer\" and innovator of pop rap (incorporating elements of ), and is the first hip hop artist to achieve diamond status for an album.", "The Ashlee Simpson Show __knowledge__ The Ashlee Simpson Show is a television reality show about the life of Ashlee Simpson.", "The Ashlee Simpson Show __knowledge__ The first season, taped from 2003 to mid-2004, focused on the beginnings of her career as a singer and the recording of her debut album, \"Autobiography\".", "The Ashlee Simpson Show __knowledge__ A second season, taped from late 2004 to early 2005, focused on her career after the album's release.", "The Ashlee Simpson Show __knowledge__ Consisting of eight half-hour episodes, the first season ran on MTV in the U.S. in the summer of 2004.", "The Ashlee Simpson Show __knowledge__ The show proved quite successful and helped to establish widespread recognition for Simpson, whose album was released on July 20, 2004, a month after the show began airing, and debuted at number one in sales.", "Supernatural (season 3) __knowledge__ The third season of \"Supernatural\", an American fantasy horror television series created by Eric Kripke, premiered on October 4, 2007, and concluded on May 15, 2008.", "Supernatural (season 3) __knowledge__ Traveling throughout America, protagonists Sam (Jared Padalecki) and Dean Winchester (Jensen Ackles) use their father's journal to help them carry on the family business—saving people and hunting supernatural creatures.", "Supernatural (season 3) __knowledge__ The season begins with the brothers tracking down the demons released from Hell in the previous season finale.", "Supernatural (season 3) __knowledge__ They become allies with a demon named Ruby (Katie Cassidy), who claims to know a way to release Dean from his demonic pact—he had sold his soul to a demon and was given a year to live in exchange for Sam's resurrection—and wants to protect them from the new demonic leader Lilith.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Clifford Joseph Harris Jr. (born September 25, 1980), known professionally as T.I.", "T.I. __knowledge__ and Tip (often stylized as TIP or T.I.P.", "T.I. __knowledge__ ), is an American rapper and actor.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Harris signed his first major-label record deal in 1999, with Arista subsidiary LaFace.", "T.I. __knowledge__ In 2001, Harris formed the Southern hip hop group P$C, alongside his longtime friends and fellow Atlanta-based rappers Big Kuntry King, Mac Boney and C-Rod.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Upon being released from Arista, Harris signed to Atlantic and subsequently became the co-chief executive officer (CEO) of his own label imprint, Grand Hustle Records, which he launched in 2003.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Harris is also perhaps best known as one of the artists who popularized the hip hop subgenre trap music, along with Young Jeezy and Gucci Mane." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Face Off is an American reality television game show on the Syfy cable network in which a group of prosthetic makeup artists compete against each other to create prostheses such as those found in science fiction and horror films.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Each episode features one or more challenges, with the work reviewed by a panel of judges and eliminating one or more artists each week until a final winner is chosen.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Actress McKenzie Westmore, known for her role as Sheridan Crane on the former NBC/DirecTV soap opera \"Passions\" and a member of the Westmore family of makeup artists, serves as the show's host.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ For each assignment, the contestants' work is individually evaluated by a panel of professional special effects makeup artists who serve as judges.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ These judges have included Academy Award-winning makeup artist Ve Neill, and television and film makeup artist Glenn Hetrick, creature designer and director Patrick Tatopoulos (Season 1 - 3), and Neville Page (Season 3 - present).", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Industry figures and artists including Brian Grazer, Kevin Smith, Paul W. S. Anderson, Greg Nicotero, Rick Baker, Doug Jones, Len Wiseman and Gale Anne Hurd have served as guest judges.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ \"Face Off\" premiered January 26, 2011 on Syfy.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "List of recurring Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ Orange Is the New Black is a comedy-drama series, created by Jenji Kohan and airing on Netflix.", "List of recurring Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ Set in the fictional Litchfield Correctional Facility, a women's Federal prison, it has featured a diverse ensemble of recurring or minor characters - including inmates, prison guards and staff, and non-prison characters.", "List of recurring Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ Many of these characters are expanded upon through a series of flashbacks told over the course of an episode, or over the course of the series.", "List of recurring Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ Many are subsequently upgraded to main characters as their roles are expanded and they feature more prominently in storylines.", "List of recurring Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ Sophia Burset (played by Laverne Cox and M Lamar in flashbacks) – A trans woman, formerly a firefighter named Marcus, Sophia is in prison for credit card fraud, which she used to finance her gender confirmation surgery.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of supporting characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ is a fictional character in the anime \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ OVA In the OVA, Katsuhito, also known as , fled Jurai over 700 years ago to \"retire\" on Earth.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ He was once the greatest swordsman on Jurai.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Currently Katsuhito is a Shinto priest who is not only training Tenchi to be a Shinto priest but also training him in Jurai swordsmanship.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Yōshō had a marriage arranged with half-sister Ayeka, but left.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ At the time, not all Juraians liked the idea of mixed blood heritages (he is part human, on his mother's side) and he used Ryōko's attack as an excuse to slip away to Earth.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Face Off is an American reality television game show on the Syfy cable network in which a group of prosthetic makeup artists compete against each other to create prostheses such as those found in science fiction and horror films.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Each episode features one or more challenges, with the work reviewed by a panel of judges and eliminating one or more artists each week until a final winner is chosen.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Actress McKenzie Westmore, known for her role as Sheridan Crane on the former NBC/DirecTV soap opera \"Passions\" and a member of the Westmore family of makeup artists, serves as the show's host.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ For each assignment, the contestants' work is individually evaluated by a panel of professional special effects makeup artists who serve as judges.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ These judges have included Academy Award-winning makeup artist Ve Neill, and television and film makeup artist Glenn Hetrick, creature designer and director Patrick Tatopoulos (Season 1 - 3), and Neville Page (Season 3 - present).", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Industry figures and artists including Brian Grazer, Kevin Smith, Paul W. S. Anderson, Greg Nicotero, Rick Baker, Doug Jones, Len Wiseman and Gale Anne Hurd have served as guest judges.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ \"Face Off\" premiered January 26, 2011 on Syfy.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ Sir James Paul McCartney, (born 18 June 1942), is an English singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and composer.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ He gained worldwide fame as the bass guitarist and singer for the rock band the Beatles, widely considered the most popular and influential group in the history of pop music.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ His songwriting partnership with John Lennon was the most successful of the post-war era.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ After the group disbanded in 1970, he pursued a solo career and formed the band Wings with his first wife, Linda, and Denny Laine.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ McCartney is one of the most successful composers and performers of all time.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ More than 2,200 artists have covered his Beatles song \"Yesterday\", making it one of the most covered songs in popular music history.", "Amazed __knowledge__ \"Amazed\" is a song written by Marv Green, Aimee Mayo, and Chris Lindsey.", "Amazed __knowledge__ It was recorded by the American country music group Lonestar and was released in March 1999 as the second single from their third studio album \"Lonely Grill\" (1999).", "Amazed __knowledge__ Lonestar's version is their longest-lasting number one single and biggest hit, spending eight weeks at the top of the \"Billboard\" country chart.", "Amazed __knowledge__ A remix of the song made it reach number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and number 2 on the Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks charts in 2000.", "Amazed __knowledge__ The song has sold over 1,650,000 digital copies in the US as of February 2016.", "Amazed __knowledge__ Only five years after Lonestar's \"Amazed\" topped the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 did another country song top the chart, as Carrie Underwood's \"Inside Your Heaven\" debuted at number one on the Hot 100 in 2005.", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ \"Power Rangers Mystic Force\" is the 2006 season of Power Rangers which tells the story of the fight between the Mystic Rangers and the evil Forces of Darkness who are trying to rule over the worlds of mortals and magic.", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ The powers of the Mystic Rangers are derived from beings known as the Ancient Titans, creatures with great elemental powers, symbolized by mythological creatures from various Earth mythologies on the Ranger's visors (the creatures being the phoenix, the sprite, the garuda, the minotaur and the mermaid).", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ To date, they are the only team of Rangers to not have some kind of team-up special with another Ranger team in their own season.", "McCartney (album) __knowledge__ McCartney is the debut album by English rock musician Paul McCartney.", "McCartney (album) __knowledge__ It was issued on Apple Records in April 1970 after McCartney had resisted attempts by his Beatles bandmates to have the release delayed to allow for Apple's previously scheduled titles, notably the band's \"Let It Be\" album.", "McCartney (album) __knowledge__ McCartney recorded his album during a period of depression and confusion, following John Lennon's private announcement in September 1969 that he was leaving the Beatles, and the conflict over its release further estranged McCartney from his bandmates.", "McCartney (album) __knowledge__ A press release in the form of a self-interview, supplied with UK promotional copies of \"McCartney\", led to the announcement of the group's break-up on 10 April 1970.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ William Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam PC (30 May 1748 – 8 February 1833), styled Viscount Milton until 1756, was a British Whig statesman of the late 18th and early 19th centuries.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ In 1782 he inherited the estates of his uncle Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, making him one of the richest people in Britain.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ He played a leading part in Whig politics until the 1820s.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ Fitzwilliam was the son of William Fitzwilliam, 3rd Earl Fitzwilliam, by his wife Lady Anne, daughter of Thomas Watson-Wentworth, 1st Marquess of Rockingham.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ Prime Minister Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham was his maternal uncle.", "List of Beet the Vandel Buster characters __knowledge__ This is a list of Busters from the anime and manga series \"Beet the Vandel Buster\".", "List of Beet the Vandel Buster characters __knowledge__ Beet is a young boy who has always desired to be the strongest Buster.", "List of Beet the Vandel Buster characters __knowledge__ He aspires to be like his heroes, the Zenon Warriors, who are known as the strongest of all Busters.", "List of Beet the Vandel Buster characters __knowledge__ However, unknown to Beet, the leader of the Zenon Warriors is his brother.", "List of Beet the Vandel Buster characters __knowledge__ When Beet was a baby, Zenon wanted Beet to stay away from the path he chose, wanting him to live a life of peace which he tried to give him.", "List of Beet the Vandel Buster characters __knowledge__ One day, Beet told his heroes he had become a Buster, they quickly told him to quit, telling him he was not fit for such a thing.", "The Last Wish (book) __knowledge__ The Last Wish () is the first (in its fictional chronology; published second in original Polish) of the two collections of short stories (the other being \"The Sword of Destiny\") preceding the main Witcher Saga, written by Polish fantasy writer Andrzej Sapkowski.", "The Last Wish (book) __knowledge__ The first Polish edition was published in 1993, the first English edition in 2007.", "The Last Wish (book) __knowledge__ The book has also been translated into several other languages.", "The Last Wish (book) __knowledge__ The collection contains six short stories interspersed with a continuing frame story; Geralt of Rivia, after having been injured in battle, rests in a temple.", "The Last Wish (book) __knowledge__ During that time he has flashbacks to recent events in his life, each of which forms a story of its own.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "Tonga Fifita __knowledge__ Tonga 'Uli'uli Fifita (born 3 February 1959) is a Tongan semi-retired professional wrestler, known for his appearances in both World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and the World Wrestling Federation (WWF).", "Tonga Fifita __knowledge__ In WCW, he wrestled under the name Meng; in the WWF, he wrestled under the names King Tonga, King Haku, and Haku.", "Tonga Fifita __knowledge__ Growing up on the main island of the South Pacific island-kingdom of Tonga, Fifita attended Tonga College where he played rugby union.", "Tonga Fifita __knowledge__ At the age of 15, he was part of a group of six teenagers and young men sent by the King of Tonga to Japan to study Sumo.", "Tonga Fifita __knowledge__ Sione Vailahi, who would later become better known as pro-wrestler \"The Barbarian\", was also a part of this group.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\".", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ The series is based on the book of the same name by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ It ran on for five series from 2002 to 2005.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ The series was followed by \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012 and then \"The Dumping Ground\" that has aired since 2013.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Dani Harmer and Lisa Coleman reprised their roles as Tracy Beaker and Cam Lawson for \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "List of The Story of Tracy Beaker characters __knowledge__ Tracy Beaker, played by actress Dani Harmer, is the main (and title) character throughout \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ This Is England '88 is a 2011 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne as a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ It is also a sequel to the 2010 television sequel-series \"This Is England '86\", set two and a half years later and starring as previously Thomas Turgoose as Shaun, Vicky McClure as Lol and Joe Gilgun as Woody.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Set during Christmas 1988, Lol is haunted by the devastating events that took place two and a half years before.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ She and Woody both find themselves struggling to cope with their lives without each other after he leaves the gang.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Lol is carrying the burden of her guilt, whilst Woody is trying to build a domestic life with a new girlfriend and a potential promotion at work." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4, 1 ]

[ "I seen a episode or two before that is the reality show with the upcoming makeup artist competeing against each other right?", "I would love that also it be looking so cool and looks so fun to be apart of the challenges that the artist display they are talented and trying to be the winner.", "I totally agree I would be scared I would mess the makeup up before the judges had a chance to evaluate the makeup the artist did on me lol.", "i think even if they don't win on the television show they will still get noticed for the greatness they makeup is different and create prostheses." ]

[ "Face Off (TV series)", "Face Off (TV series)", "Face Off (TV series)", "Face Off (TV series)" ]

[ "Boiled egg", "Yes. I eat them quite often. I really like them in salads.", "So how do you like to eat them." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are eggs (typically chicken eggs) cooked with their shells unbroken, usually by immersion in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Hard-boiled eggs are cooked so that the egg white and egg yolk both solidify, while for a soft-boiled egg the yolk, and sometimes the white, remain at least partially liquid.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ A few different methods are used to make boiled eggs other than simply immersing them in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs can also be cooked below the boiling temperature, via coddling, or they can be steamed.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ The egg timer was named due to its common usage in timing the boiling of eggs.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are a popular breakfast food in many countries around the world.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ There are variations both in degree of cooking and in the method of how eggs are boiled, and a variety of kitchen gadgets for eggs exist.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ These variations include: Chef Heston Blumenthal, after \"relentless trials\", published a formula for \"the perfect boiled egg\" that explains how much water to use, how much time to cook and how much time to rest the egg.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Soft-boiled eggs are not recommended for people who may be susceptible to salmonella, such as very young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ To avoid the issue of salmonella, eggs can be pasteurised in shell at 57 ºC for an hour and 15 minutes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are eggs (typically chicken eggs) cooked with their shells unbroken, usually by immersion in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Hard-boiled eggs are cooked so that the egg white and egg yolk both solidify, while for a soft-boiled egg the yolk, and sometimes the white, remain at least partially liquid.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ A few different methods are used to make boiled eggs other than simply immersing them in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs can also be cooked below the boiling temperature, via coddling, or they can be steamed.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ The egg timer was named due to its common usage in timing the boiling of eggs.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are a popular breakfast food in many countries around the world.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ There are variations both in degree of cooking and in the method of how eggs are boiled, and a variety of kitchen gadgets for eggs exist.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ These variations include: Chef Heston Blumenthal, after \"relentless trials\", published a formula for \"the perfect boiled egg\" that explains how much water to use, how much time to cook and how much time to rest the egg.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Soft-boiled eggs are not recommended for people who may be susceptible to salmonella, such as very young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ To avoid the issue of salmonella, eggs can be pasteurised in shell at 57 ºC for an hour and 15 minutes.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Salad __knowledge__ A salad is a dish consisting of a mixture of small pieces of food, usually predominantly vegetables.", "Salad __knowledge__ They are typically served at room temperature or chilled, with notable exceptions such as south German potato salad which is served warm.", "Salad __knowledge__ Salads may contain virtually any type of ready-to-eat food.", "Salad __knowledge__ Garden salads use a base of leafy greens like lettuce, arugula, kale or spinach; they are common enough that the word \"salad\" alone often refers specifically to garden salads.", "Salad __knowledge__ Other types include bean salad, tuna salad, fattoush, Greek salad, and Japanese sōmen salad (a noodle-based salad).", "Salad __knowledge__ The sauce used to flavor a salad is commonly called a salad dressing; most salad dressings are based on either a mixture of oil and vinegar or a fermented milk product.", "Thai salads __knowledge__ Salads that are internationally known as Thai salads, with a few exceptions, fall into four main methods of preparation.", "Thai salads __knowledge__ In Thai cuisine these are called yam, tam, lap and phla.", "Thai salads __knowledge__ A few additional dishes can also be regarded as being a salad.", "Thai salads __knowledge__ Thai salads often do not have raw vegetables or fruit as their main ingredient but use minced meat, seafood or noodles instead.", "Thai salads __knowledge__ Similar to salads in the West, these dishes often have a souring agent, usually lime juice, and feature the addition of fresh herbs and other greens in their preparation.", "Thai salads __knowledge__ Thai salads are not served as entrées but normally eaten as one of the main dishes in a Thai buffet-style meal, together with rice (depending on the region this can be glutinous rice or non-glutinous rice) or the Thai rice noodle called \"khanom chin\".", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ All Creatures Great and Small is a British television series based on the books of the British veterinary surgeon Alf Wight, who wrote under the pseudonym James Herriot.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ In 1977, the BBC tasked producer Bill Sellars with the creation of a television series from Herriot's first two novels, \"If Only They Could Talk\" and \"It Shouldn't Happen to a Vet\", using the title of the 1975 film adaptation.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ The Herriot novels were written in an episodic style, with each chapter generally containing a short story within the ongoing narrative of Herriot's life.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ This format greatly facilitated their adaptation for a television series.", "I Really Like You __knowledge__ \"I Really Like You\" is a song recorded by Canadian singer Carly Rae Jepsen for her third studio album, \"Emotion\" (2015).", "I Really Like You __knowledge__ It was written by Jepsen, Jacob Kasher Hindlin, Peter Svensson, Steve DaMar, and produced by Svensson.", "I Really Like You __knowledge__ The song was released as the album's lead single on 2 March 2015.", "I Really Like You __knowledge__ \"I Really Like You\" peaked at number fourteen on the Canadian Hot 100.", "I Really Like You __knowledge__ Internationally, the song peaked within the top ten of the charts in Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Japan, the Republic of Ireland, South Africa and the United Kingdom, while peaking within the top twenty of the charts in Austria, Germany, Slovakia, and Switzerland.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Eggs are laid by female animals of many different species, including birds, reptiles, amphibians, mammals, and fish, and have been eaten by humans for thousands of years.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Bird and reptile eggs consist of a protective eggshell, albumen (egg white), and vitellus (egg yolk), contained within various thin membranes.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ The most commonly consumed eggs are chicken eggs.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Other poultry eggs including those of duck and quail are also eaten.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Fish eggs are called roe and caviar.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Egg yolks and whole eggs store significant amounts of protein and choline, and are widely used in cookery.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Due to their protein content, the United States Department of Agriculture categorizes eggs as \"Meats\" within the Food Guide Pyramid.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Cooking bananas are banana cultivars in the genus \"Musa\" whose fruits are generally used in cooking.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ They may be eaten while ripe or unripe and are generally starchy.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Some cooking bananas are also referred to as green bananas or plantains.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ ( , ) The term \"plantain\" is loosely applied to any banana cultivar that is eaten when cooked.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ However, there is no formal botanical distinction between bananas and plantains.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Cooking is also a matter of custom, rather than necessity.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Ripe plantains can be eaten raw, since the starches are converted to sugars as they ripen.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ In some countries, there may be a clear distinction between plantains and bananas, but in other countries, where many more cultivars are consumed, the distinction is not made in the common names used.", "Pierogi __knowledge__ Pierogi ( ) (singular pieróg), also known as varenyky, are filled dumplings of Central European origin made by wrapping unleavened dough around a savory or sweet filling and cooking in boiling water.", "Pierogi __knowledge__ These dumplings are popular in West Slavic (Polish and Slovak), Hungarian, East Slavic (Belarusian, Russian, and Ukrainian), Baltic (Latvian and Lithuanian) and other Central and Eastern European cuisines where they are known under their local names.", "Pierogi __knowledge__ However, pierogi are especially almost always associated with Poland and Slovakia, where they are considered national dishes.", "Pierogi __knowledge__ Typical fillings include potato, sauerkraut, ground meat, cheese, and fruits.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ A great variety of cassava-based dishes are consumed in the regions where cassava (manioc, \"Manihot esculenta\") is cultivated, and they include many national or ethnic specialities.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ As a food ingredient, cassava root is somewhat similar to the potato, in that, like the potato, it is starchy, inedible when raw, and bland in flavor when cooked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Indeed, cassava can replace the potato in many dishes and can be prepared in similar ways – it can be boiled, mashed, fried or baked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Unlike the potato, however, cassava is mostly a tropical crop, and its peculiar characteristics have led to some unique recipes, such as sweet puddings, which have no common potato version.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are eggs (typically chicken eggs) cooked with their shells unbroken, usually by immersion in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Hard-boiled eggs are cooked so that the egg white and egg yolk both solidify, while for a soft-boiled egg the yolk, and sometimes the white, remain at least partially liquid.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ A few different methods are used to make boiled eggs other than simply immersing them in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs can also be cooked below the boiling temperature, via coddling, or they can be steamed.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ The egg timer was named due to its common usage in timing the boiling of eggs.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are a popular breakfast food in many countries around the world.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ There are variations both in degree of cooking and in the method of how eggs are boiled, and a variety of kitchen gadgets for eggs exist.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ These variations include: Chef Heston Blumenthal, after \"relentless trials\", published a formula for \"the perfect boiled egg\" that explains how much water to use, how much time to cook and how much time to rest the egg.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Soft-boiled eggs are not recommended for people who may be susceptible to salmonella, such as very young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ To avoid the issue of salmonella, eggs can be pasteurised in shell at 57 ºC for an hour and 15 minutes.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ Eat Bulaga!", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ is a Philippine television variety show broadcast by GMA Network.", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ Produced by Television And Production Exponents Inc. (TAPE), it is the longest running noontime show in the Philippines.", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ It premiered on July 30, 1979, and being filmed from The New TAPE Studios (Eastside Studio) at the Broadway Centrum in New Manila, Quezon City.", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ The show is also airing worldwide through GMA Pinoy TV and live streaming online on YouTube.", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ The name approximately translates to \"Lunchtime Surprise!\".", "Eat Bulaga! __knowledge__ The show holds the record of being the longest-running noontime variety program in the history of Philippine television.", "Sefer ha-Chinuch __knowledge__ The Sefer ha-Chinuch (, \"Book of Education\"), often simply \"the Chinuch\" is a work which systematically discusses the 613 commandments of the Torah.", "Sefer ha-Chinuch __knowledge__ It was published anonymously in 13th century Spain.", "Sefer ha-Chinuch __knowledge__ The work's enumeration of the commandments (; sing.", "Sefer ha-Chinuch __knowledge__ \"mitzvah\") is based upon Maimonides' system of counting as per his Sefer Hamitzvot; each is listed according to its appearance in the weekly Torah portion and the work is structured correspondingly.", "Sefer ha-Chinuch __knowledge__ The \"Book of Education\" separately discusses each of the 613 commandments, both from a legal and a moral perspective.", "Sefer ha-Chinuch __knowledge__ For each, the discussion starts by linking the \"mitzvah\" to its Biblical source, and then addresses the philosophical underpinnings of the commandment (here, termed the \"\"shoresh\"\", or \"root\").", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ Bo ( — in Hebrew, the command form of \"go,\" or \"come,\" and the first significant word in the parashah, in ) is the fifteenth weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the Book of Exodus.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah constitutes The parashah tells of the last three plagues on Egypt and the first Passover.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah is made up of 6,149 Hebrew letters, 1,655 Hebrew words, and 106 verses, and can occupy about 207 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ Jews read it the fifteenth Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in January or early February.", "Bo (parsha) __knowledge__ As the parashah describes the first Passover, Jews also read part of the parashah, as the initial Torah reading for the first day of Passover, and another part, as the initial Torah reading for the first intermediate day (\"Chol HaMoed\") of Passover.", "Eat Me, Drink Me __knowledge__ Eat Me, Drink Me is the sixth studio album by American rock band Marilyn Manson.", "Eat Me, Drink Me __knowledge__ It was released on June 5, 2007 by Interscope Records.", "Eat Me, Drink Me __knowledge__ It was recorded in a rented home-recording studio in Hollywood by lead vocalist Marilyn Manson and guitarist and bassist Tim Sköld.", "Eat Me, Drink Me __knowledge__ The album was produced by Manson and Sköld, and mixed by Sean Beavan.", "Eat Me, Drink Me __knowledge__ Upon release it was met with positive reviews from mainstream music critics.", "Eat Me, Drink Me __knowledge__ It is the band's first album not to be recorded as a five-piece as John 5 departed from the group in 2004.", "Eat Me, Drink Me __knowledge__ Instead of replacing 5, Tim Sköld remained with bass and played guitar, and the band continued as a four-piece.", "Dog Eat Dog (band) __knowledge__ Dog Eat Dog is an American band founded in Bergen County, New Jersey.", "Dog Eat Dog (band) __knowledge__ Considered one of the earliest bands to fuse hardcore punk and rap music, Dog Eat Dog has achieved commercial success with singles such as \"No Fronts\", \"Expect the Unexpected\" and \"Who's the King\".", "Dog Eat Dog (band) __knowledge__ Since their first album, the band's sound has evolved to incorporate elements of funk, ska and hip hop.", "Dog Eat Dog (band) __knowledge__ As of 2009, the lineup of the band consists of Dave Neabore (bass), John Connor (vocals), Brandon Finley (drums) and Roger Haemmerli (guitar).", "Dog Eat Dog (band) __knowledge__ Bassist Dave Neabore had joined Bergenfield, New Jersey band Mucky Pup before the recording of Mucky Pup's second album, \"A Boy In A Man's World\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Salad __knowledge__ A salad is a dish consisting of a mixture of small pieces of food, usually predominantly vegetables.", "Salad __knowledge__ They are typically served at room temperature or chilled, with notable exceptions such as south German potato salad which is served warm.", "Salad __knowledge__ Salads may contain virtually any type of ready-to-eat food.", "Salad __knowledge__ Garden salads use a base of leafy greens like lettuce, arugula, kale or spinach; they are common enough that the word \"salad\" alone often refers specifically to garden salads.", "Salad __knowledge__ Other types include bean salad, tuna salad, fattoush, Greek salad, and Japanese sōmen salad (a noodle-based salad).", "Salad __knowledge__ The sauce used to flavor a salad is commonly called a salad dressing; most salad dressings are based on either a mixture of oil and vinegar or a fermented milk product.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ Palestinian cuisine consists of foods from or commonly eaten by Palestinians—which includes those living in Palestine, Israel, Jordan, refugee camps in nearby countries as well as by the Palestinian diaspora.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ The cuisine is a diffusion of the cultures of civilizations that settled in the region of Palestine, particularly during and after the Islamic era beginning with the Arab Ummayad conquest, then the eventual Persian-influenced Abbasids and ending with the strong influences of Turkish cuisine, resulting from the coming of the Ottoman Turks.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ It is similar to other Levantine cuisines, including Lebanese, Syrian and Jordanian." ] ]

[ 1, 15, 57 ]

[ "Hello, have ever eating boiled egg,? they are usually cooked by immersion in boiling water.", "i like eating it too with salad consisting of a mixture of small pieces of food, usually predominantly vegetables.", "i eat them with any ready-to-eat food." ]

[ "Boiled egg", "Boiled egg", "Boiled egg" ]

[ "Lawyer", "How long has he been practicing as a paralegal?", "If you could choose any other law field, what would it be?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lawyer __knowledge__ A lawyer is a person who practices law, as a paralegal, advocate, barrister, attorney, counselor, solicitor, or chartered legal executive.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ Working as a lawyer involves the practical application of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specific individualized problems, or to advance the interests of those who hire lawyers to perform legal services.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ The role of the lawyer varies greatly across legal jurisdictions, and so it can be treated here in only the most general terms.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In practice, legal jurisdictions exercise their right to determine who is recognized as being a lawyer.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ As a result, the meaning of the term \"lawyer\" may vary from place to place.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In most countries, particularly civil law countries, there has been a tradition of giving many legal tasks to a variety of civil law notaries, clerks, and scriveners.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ These countries do not have \"lawyers\" in the American sense, insofar as that term refers to a single type of general-purpose legal services provider; rather, their legal professions consist of a large number of different kinds of law-trained persons, known as jurists, some of whom are advocates who are licensed to practice in the courts.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ It is difficult to formulate accurate generalizations that cover all the countries with multiple legal professions, because each country has traditionally had its own peculiar method of dividing up legal work among all its different types of legal professionals." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lawyer __knowledge__ A lawyer is a person who practices law, as a paralegal, advocate, barrister, attorney, counselor, solicitor, or chartered legal executive.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ Working as a lawyer involves the practical application of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specific individualized problems, or to advance the interests of those who hire lawyers to perform legal services.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ The role of the lawyer varies greatly across legal jurisdictions, and so it can be treated here in only the most general terms.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In practice, legal jurisdictions exercise their right to determine who is recognized as being a lawyer.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ As a result, the meaning of the term \"lawyer\" may vary from place to place.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In most countries, particularly civil law countries, there has been a tradition of giving many legal tasks to a variety of civil law notaries, clerks, and scriveners.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ These countries do not have \"lawyers\" in the American sense, insofar as that term refers to a single type of general-purpose legal services provider; rather, their legal professions consist of a large number of different kinds of law-trained persons, known as jurists, some of whom are advocates who are licensed to practice in the courts.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ It is difficult to formulate accurate generalizations that cover all the countries with multiple legal professions, because each country has traditionally had its own peculiar method of dividing up legal work among all its different types of legal professionals.", "Paralegal __knowledge__ A paralegal is an individual, qualified by education, training or work experience, who is employed or retained by a lawyer, law office, corporation, governmental agency, or other entity and who performs specifically delegated substantive legal work for which a lawyer is responsible.", "Paralegal __knowledge__ However, this definition varies depending on the jurisdiction; in Ontario, Canada, paralegals are independent legal practitioners, licensed by The Law Society of Upper Canada to provide legal services to members of the public.", "Paralegal __knowledge__ Licensed paralegals in Ontario may manage their own legal firm.", "Paralegal __knowledge__ They are employed as municipal and provincial prosecutors and may be appointed as justices of the peace.", "Certified Paralegal __knowledge__ Certified Paralegal (CP) or Certified Legal Assistant (CLA) is the title of paralegals in the United States who have passed the Certified Paralegal Exam and have met additional education and experience requirements for certification as a CP or CLA.", "Certified Paralegal __knowledge__ In the United States \"paralegal\" and \"legal assistant\" are frequently used interchangeably.", "Certified Paralegal __knowledge__ * The primary function of paralegals is to assist attorneys in the delivery of legal services.", "Certified Paralegal __knowledge__ According to the American Bar Association: “A legal assistant or paralegal is a person, qualified by education, training or work experience who is employed or retained by a lawyer, law office, corporation, governmental agency or other entity and who performs specifically delegated substantive legal work for which a lawyer is responsible.” To become a Certified Paralegal in the United States, the candidate voluntarily passes the Certified Paralegal Exam (CP Exam).", "National Paralegal College __knowledge__ National Paralegal College (NPC) is a for-profit online distance learning college offering paralegal certifications, associates, bachelor's and master's degrees in legal studies.", "National Paralegal College __knowledge__ The college is centrally located in Phoenix, Arizona and is accredited by the Distance Education Accrediting Commission.", "National Paralegal College __knowledge__ National Paralegal College was founded in 2002 by Director Mark Geller, Esq., founder of Legal Data Systems, Inc. and school President Avi Katz.", "National Paralegal College __knowledge__ Its first class was delivered on June 2, 2003.", "National Paralegal College __knowledge__ The school introduced a synchronous learning format to online schooling by running a real time audio/visual online platform to deliver instruction.", "Murder of Janet March __knowledge__ On August 29, 1996, Janet Levine March (born February 20, 1963), a children's book illustrator in Forest Hills, Tennessee, United States, a suburb of Nashville, was reported missing to police by her husband and mother.", "Murder of Janet March __knowledge__ Perry March, a lawyer, told police that he had last seen his wife when she left the house on the night of August 15, two weeks earlier, following an argument.", "Murder of Janet March __knowledge__ He claimed she had packed her bags for a 12-day vacation at an unknown location and driven away.", "Murder of Janet March __knowledge__ She was never seen alive by anyone else afterwards.", "Murder of Janet March __knowledge__ Janet's car was found at a nearby apartment complex a week after the police report, apparently having been there for some time.", "Legal document assistant __knowledge__ A legal document assistant (LDA, also commonly known as \"document technician,\" \"legal document preparer,\" \"legal technician,\" \"online legal document provider\" and \"legal document clerk\") in the United States is a non-lawyer authorized to assist with the preparation of legal instruments.", "Legal document assistant __knowledge__ Unlike a paralegal, legal document assistants do not work under the supervision of an attorney.", "Legal document assistant __knowledge__ A Legal Document Assistant is an American phenomenon created in response to the most strict licensing laws for attorneys in the world.", "Legal document assistant __knowledge__ The job was created by using the doctrine of \"pro se\" to enable someone to help another prepare a legal document.", "International Practice Management Association __knowledge__ The International Practice Management Association (IPMA) is a membership-based professional organization that promotes the development, professional standing and visibility of paralegal and legal practice support management professionals.", "International Practice Management Association __knowledge__ Its membership consists of paralegal managers and other practice support managers (those who manage non-attorney fee earners in law firms and legal departments).", "International Practice Management Association __knowledge__ According to its website, the IPMA’s primary goals are: The IPMA produces position papers on topics relating to paralegal regulation and the paralegal and practice management profession more generally.", "The Paralegal Institute __knowledge__ The Paralegal Institute is a nationally accredited two-year college based in Phoenix, Arizona.", "The Paralegal Institute __knowledge__ The Paralegal Institute (TPI) offers programs specializing in paralegal, criminal justice, medical transcription and legal nurse consultation.", "The Paralegal Institute __knowledge__ The Paralegal Institute was founded in 1974 by John Morrison and is now run by Kathleen Mirabile.", "The Paralegal Institute __knowledge__ It was a paraprofessional residential school until 1979 when it became a distance learning institution.", "The Paralegal Institute __knowledge__ Since then, The Paralegal Institute received accreditation from the Distance Education and Training Council and was approved to grant degrees and diplomas by the State Board for Private Postsecondary Education.", "B. Kwaku Duren __knowledge__ B. Kwaku Duren (born April 14, 1943; a.k.a., Robert Donaldson Duren and Bob D. Duren) is a controversial African American lawyer, educator, writer, editor, Black Panther, long-time social, political and community activist; and a former convict who now lives and practices law in South Central Los Angeles.", "B. Kwaku Duren __knowledge__ He has run for United States Congress three times and once for Vice President of the United States.", "B. Kwaku Duren __knowledge__ As a young man, he spent nearly five years in California prisons for armed robbery.", "B. Kwaku Duren __knowledge__ He began reading extensively and taking college classes while incarcerated and after his parole in the fall of 1970, he founded and chaired the National Poor People’s Congress." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lawyer __knowledge__ A lawyer is a person who practices law, as a paralegal, advocate, barrister, attorney, counselor, solicitor, or chartered legal executive.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ Working as a lawyer involves the practical application of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specific individualized problems, or to advance the interests of those who hire lawyers to perform legal services.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ The role of the lawyer varies greatly across legal jurisdictions, and so it can be treated here in only the most general terms.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In practice, legal jurisdictions exercise their right to determine who is recognized as being a lawyer.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ As a result, the meaning of the term \"lawyer\" may vary from place to place.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ In most countries, particularly civil law countries, there has been a tradition of giving many legal tasks to a variety of civil law notaries, clerks, and scriveners.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ These countries do not have \"lawyers\" in the American sense, insofar as that term refers to a single type of general-purpose legal services provider; rather, their legal professions consist of a large number of different kinds of law-trained persons, known as jurists, some of whom are advocates who are licensed to practice in the courts.", "Lawyer __knowledge__ It is difficult to formulate accurate generalizations that cover all the countries with multiple legal professions, because each country has traditionally had its own peculiar method of dividing up legal work among all its different types of legal professionals.", "Dan Law Field at Rip Griffin Park __knowledge__ Dan Law Field at Rip Griffin Park, nicknamed \"The Law\", is the home stadium of the Texas Tech Red Raiders baseball team in Lubbock, Texas.", "Dan Law Field at Rip Griffin Park __knowledge__ It is located on the Texas Tech University campus, adjacent to Jones AT&T Stadium and Fuller Track.", "Dan Law Field at Rip Griffin Park __knowledge__ Dan Law Field was rated as one of the top three places to watch a college baseball game by \"Sports Illustrated On Campus\".", "Dan Law Field at Rip Griffin Park __knowledge__ From 1988 through 2011, the ballpark was named Dan Law Field after former Texas Tech baseball player Dan Law who was instrumental in the stadium's renovation.", "Dan Law Field at Rip Griffin Park __knowledge__ Law played for the Red Raider football team from 1955–56 and baseball from 1956-57.", "City of Heroes __knowledge__ City of Heroes (CoH) was a massively multiplayer online role-playing game developed by Cryptic Studios and published by NCSOFT.", "City of Heroes __knowledge__ The game was launched in North America on April 27, 2004, and in Europe by NCsoft Europe on February 4, 2005, with English, German and French servers.", "City of Heroes __knowledge__ Twenty-three free major updates for \"City of Heroes\" were released before its shutdown.", "City of Heroes __knowledge__ The final live update, \"Where Shadows Lie\", was released on May 31, 2012.", "City of Heroes __knowledge__ On August 31, 2012, NCsoft terminated its Paragon Studios development team, ending all production on \"City of Heroes\" with the last day of services on November 30, 2012.", "Big Brother Canada (season 2) __knowledge__ Big Brother Canada 2 was the second season of the Canadian reality television series \"Big Brother\".", "Big Brother Canada (season 2) __knowledge__ It was based upon the Dutch series of the same name, which gained notoriety in 1999 and 2000.", "Big Brother Canada (season 2) __knowledge__ The series was produced by Endemol USA, Shaw Media, and Insight Productions.", "Big Brother Canada (season 2) __knowledge__ The season premiered on March 5, 2014 and ended after 71 days on May 8, 2014, where Jon Pardy was named the winner, and Sabrina Abbate, the runner-up.", "Big Brother Canada (season 2) __knowledge__ Following numerous seasons of \"Loft Story\" (2003–09) and a season of the French adaption of \"Big Brother\" (2010) it was confirmed that Shaw Media and Slice had picked up the format and would air the first English season in the country in 2013.", "Third-party punishment __knowledge__ Third-party punishment, or altruistic punishment, is punishment of a transgressor (first party) which is administered, not by a victim of the transgression (second party), but rather by a third party not directly affected by the transgression.", "Third-party punishment __knowledge__ It has been argued that third-party punishments are the essence of social norms, as they are evolutionary stable unlike second-party punishments.", "Third-party punishment __knowledge__ It has also been shown that third-party punishments are exhibited in all examined populations, though the magnitude of the punishments varies greatly, and that costly punishment co-varies with altruistic behavior.", "Texas Tech Red Raiders __knowledge__ The Texas Tech Red Raiders and Lady Raiders are the athletic teams that represent Texas Tech University.", "Texas Tech Red Raiders __knowledge__ The women's basketball team uses the name Lady Raiders, while the school's other women's teams use the \"Red Raiders\" name.", "Texas Tech Red Raiders __knowledge__ The university's athletic program fields 17 varsity teams in 11 sports all of whom have combined to win 68 conference championships as well as 4 national championships.", "Texas Tech Red Raiders __knowledge__ The Masked Rider and Raider Red serve as the mascots representing the teams, and the school colors are scarlet and black.", "Texas Tech Red Raiders __knowledge__ Texas Tech participates in the NCAA Division I and is a founding member of the Big 12 Conference.", "Texas Tech Red Raiders baseball __knowledge__ The Texas Tech Red Raiders baseball team represents Texas Tech University in NCAA Division I college baseball.", "Texas Tech Red Raiders baseball __knowledge__ The team competes in the Big 12 Conference and plays at Dan Law Field at Rip Griffin Park.", "Texas Tech Red Raiders baseball __knowledge__ Their head coach is Tim Tadlock and he is in his 5th season with the Red Raiders.", "Texas Tech Red Raiders baseball __knowledge__ Along with the football and men's basketball teams, the Texas Tech baseball team was founded during the university's initial academic year, in 1925–26.", "Texas Tech Red Raiders baseball __knowledge__ The team's first series was against the West Texas A&M Buffaloes in 1926, an 18–9 victory in the first game and 14–9 loss in the second.", "Texas Tech Red Raiders baseball __knowledge__ The third game in the team's history—this one against Daniel Baker College—ended in a 3–3 tie after 11 innings.", "Custom of Paris in New France __knowledge__ The Custom of Paris () was one of France's regional custumals of civil law.", "Custom of Paris in New France __knowledge__ It was the law of the land in Paris and the surrounding region in the 16th-18th centuries and was applied to French overseas colonies, including New France.", "Custom of Paris in New France __knowledge__ First written in 1507 and revised in 1580 and 1605, the Custom of Paris was a compilation and systematization of Renaissance-era customary law.", "Custom of Paris in New France __knowledge__ Divided into 16 sections, it contained 362 articles concerning family and inheritance, property, and debt recovery.", "Custom of Paris in New France __knowledge__ It was the main source of law in New France from the earliest settlement, but other provincial customs were sometimes invoked in the early period.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ \"Suits\" is an American legal drama created by Aaron Korsh and premiered on USA Network in June 2011.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ The series revolves around Harvey Specter (Gabriel Macht), a senior partner at a top law firm in Manhattan, and his recently hired associate attorney Mike Ross (Patrick J. Adams) as they hide the fact that Mike does not have a law degree.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ Each episode focuses on a single legal case and its challenges while examining the work environment of the firm, Mike's and Harvey's personal relationships, and problems stemming from Mike's lack of a degree.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ The rest of the starring cast portray other employees at the firm: Louis Litt (Rick Hoffman), Rachel Zane (Meghan Markle), a paralegal who develops feelings for Mike; Donna Paulsen (Sarah Rafferty), Harvey's long-time legal secretary, close friend, and confidant; and Jessica Pearson (Gina Torres), the co-founder and managing partner of the firm.", "Law firm __knowledge__ A law firm is a business entity formed by one or more lawyers to engage in the practice of law.", "Law firm __knowledge__ The primary service rendered by a law firm is to advise clients (individuals or corporations) about their legal rights and responsibilities, and to represent clients in civil or criminal cases, business transactions, and other matters in which legal advice and other assistance are sought.", "Law firm __knowledge__ Law firms are organized in a variety of ways, depending on the jurisdiction in which the firm practices.", "Law firm __knowledge__ Common arrangements include: In many countries, including the United States, there is a rule that only lawyers may have an ownership interest in, or be managers of, a law firm.", "Scott W. Rothstein __knowledge__ Scott W. Rothstein (born June 10, 1962) is a disbarred lawyer and the former managing shareholder, chairman, and chief executive officer of the now-defunct Rothstein Rosenfeldt Adler law firm.", "Scott W. Rothstein __knowledge__ He was accused of funding his philanthropy, political contributions, law firm salaries, and an extravagant lifestyle with a $1.2 billion Ponzi scheme, one of the largest such in history.", "Scott W. Rothstein __knowledge__ On December 1, 2009, Rothstein turned himself in to authorities and was subsequently arrested on charges related to the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO).", "Scott W. Rothstein __knowledge__ Although his arraignment plea was not guilty, Rothstein cooperated with the Government and reversed his plea to guilty of five federal crimes on January 27, 2010.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The Panama Papers are 11.5 million leaked documents that detail financial and attorney–client information for more than 214,488 offshore entities.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The documents, some dating back to the 1970s, were created by, and taken from, Panamanian law firm and corporate service provider Mossack Fonseca, and were leaked in 2015 by an anonymous source.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The documents contain personal financial information about wealthy individuals and public officials that had previously been kept private.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ While offshore business entities are legal (see Offshore Magic Circle), reporters found that some of the Mossack Fonseca shell corporations were used for illegal purposes, including fraud, tax evasion, and evading international sanctions.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ An admission to practice law is acquired when a lawyer receives a license to practice law.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ In jurisdictions with two types of lawyer, as with barristers and solicitors, barristers must gain admission to the bar whereas for solicitors there are distinct practising certificates.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ Becoming a lawyer is a widely varied process around the world.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ Common to all jurisdictions are requirements of age and competence; some jurisdictions also require documentation of citizenship or immigration status.", "Admission to practice law __knowledge__ However, the most varied requirements are those surrounding the preparation for the license, whether it includes obtaining a law degree, passing an exam, or serving in an apprenticeship.", "Frederick M. Nicholas __knowledge__ Frederick M. Nicholas (born May 30, 1920) is an American lawyer specializing in real estate development and leases.", "Frederick M. Nicholas __knowledge__ He is known as \"Mr.", "Frederick M. Nicholas __knowledge__ Downtown Culture\" for his role in building the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles, the Geffen Contemporary, the Walt Disney Concert Hall, and for the founding of Public Counsel, the nation's largest public interest law firm.", "Frederick M. Nicholas __knowledge__ Frederick M. Nicholas has combined his legal career with a heavy real estate involvement to become an institution builder in the arts in Los Angeles.", "Frederick M. Nicholas __knowledge__ Frederick M. Nicholas, an attorney licensed to practice law in the State of California since 1952, is a specialist in Real Estate Development and Leases.", "Baker McKenzie __knowledge__ Baker McKenzie, founded as Baker & McKenzie in 1949, is a multinational law firm.", "Baker McKenzie __knowledge__ , it is ranked as the second-largest international law firm in the world by headcount with 13,000 employees including 6,076 fee earners and 4,700 lawyers on a full-time equivalent basis in 77 offices across 47 countries.", "Baker McKenzie __knowledge__ It is also ranked as the second largest law firm in the world in terms of revenue with US$2.67 billion in annual revenue in FY2017.", "Baker McKenzie __knowledge__ It is the largest international law firm in Asia Pacific, Continental Europe and Latin America.", "Baker McKenzie __knowledge__ In December 2016 and as part of a major visual identity change, Baker & McKenzie re-branded and dropped the '&' from its name to become Baker McKenzie." ] ]

[ 1, 11, 48 ]

[ "I married my husband 15 years ago. He is a lawyer. He practices law as a paralegal.", "He has been practicing for 5 years now. He manages his own legal law firm.", "Probably family law. It feels good to help those in need. I like to inform them of their legal rights." ]

[ "Lawyer", "Lawyer", "Lawyer" ]

[ "Extra (acting)", "That is cool, what is a name of a movie you have been in?", "That must of been a fun scene to film. Did you meet anyone famous while filming?", "I love Tom Hanks, too bad you didn't get to talk to him." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ A background actor or extra is a performer in a film, television show, stage, musical, opera or ballet production, who appears in a nonspeaking or nonsinging (silent) capacity, usually in the background (for example, in an audience or busy street scene).", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ War films and epic films often employ background actors in large numbers: some films have featured hundreds or even thousands of paid background actors as cast members (hence the term \"cast of thousands\").", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Likewise, grand opera can involve many background actors appearing in spectacular productions.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ On a film or TV set, background actors are usually referred to as \"background talent\", \"background performers\", \"background artists\", \"background cast members\" or simply \"background\", while the term \"extra\" is rarely used.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In a stage production, background actors are commonly referred to as \"supernumeraries\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In opera and ballet, they are called either \"extras\" or \"supers\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Casting criteria for background actors depend on the production.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ It has been said that background cast members often require little or no acting experience.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ This is not entirely true, as any type of unrealistic portrayal must include some form of imagination and acting." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ A background actor or extra is a performer in a film, television show, stage, musical, opera or ballet production, who appears in a nonspeaking or nonsinging (silent) capacity, usually in the background (for example, in an audience or busy street scene).", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ War films and epic films often employ background actors in large numbers: some films have featured hundreds or even thousands of paid background actors as cast members (hence the term \"cast of thousands\").", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Likewise, grand opera can involve many background actors appearing in spectacular productions.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ On a film or TV set, background actors are usually referred to as \"background talent\", \"background performers\", \"background artists\", \"background cast members\" or simply \"background\", while the term \"extra\" is rarely used.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In a stage production, background actors are commonly referred to as \"supernumeraries\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In opera and ballet, they are called either \"extras\" or \"supers\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Casting criteria for background actors depend on the production.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ It has been said that background cast members often require little or no acting experience.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ This is not entirely true, as any type of unrealistic portrayal must include some form of imagination and acting.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ James Todd Smith (born January 14, 1968), better known by his stage name LL Cool J (short for Ladies Love Cool James), is an American rapper, actor, author and entrepreneur from Queens, New York.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ He is known for such hip hop hits as \"Going Back to Cali\", \"I'm Bad\", \"The Boomin' System\", \"Rock The Bells\" and \"Mama Said Knock You Out\", as well as romantic ballads such as \"Doin' It\", \"I Need Love\", \"Around the Way Girl\" and \"Hey Lover\".", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ LL Cool J has released 13 studio albums and two greatest hits compilations.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ His twelfth album \"Exit 13\" (2008), was his last for his long-tenured deal with Def Jam Recordings.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Coolness is an aesthetic of attitude, behavior, comportment, appearance and style which is generally admired.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Because of the varied and changing connotations of cool, as well as its subjective nature, the word has no single meaning.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ It has associations of composure and self-control (cf.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ the OED definition) and often is used as an expression of admiration or approval.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Although commonly regarded as slang, it is widely used among disparate social groups and has endured in usage for generations.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ There is no single concept of cool.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ One of the essential characteristics of cool is its mutability—what is considered cool changes over time and varies among cultures and generations.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ \"Reflective surfaces\" are surfaces that can deliver high solar reflectance (the ability to reflect the visible, infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths of the sun, reducing heat transfer to the surface) and high thermal emittance (the ability to radiate absorbed, or non-reflected solar energy).", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ Reflective surfaces are a form of geoengineering.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ The most well-known type of reflective surface is the \"cool roof\".", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ While cool roofs are mostly associated with white roofs, they come in a variety of colors and materials and are available for both commercial and residential buildings.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ Today's \"cool roof\" pigments allow metal roofing products to be EnergyStar rated in dark colors, even black.", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Daddy Cool is an Australian rock band formed in Melbourne in 1970 with the original line-up of Wayne Duncan (bass, vocals), Ross Hannaford (lead guitar, bass, vocals), Ross Wilson (lead vocals, rhythm guitar, harmonica) and Gary Young (drums, vocals) .", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Their debut single \"Eagle Rock\" was released in May 1971 and stayed at number 1 on the Australian singles chart for ten weeks.", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Their debut July 1971 LP \"Daddy Who?", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Daddy Cool\" also reached number 1 and became the first Australian album to sell more than 100,000 copies.", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Their name comes from the 1957 song \"Daddy Cool\" by US rock group The Rays.", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Daddy Cool included their version on \"Daddy Who?", "1776 (film) __knowledge__ 1776 is a 1972 American musical drama film directed by Peter H. Hunt.", "1776 (film) __knowledge__ The screenplay by Peter Stone was based on his book for the 1969 Broadway musical of the same name.", "1776 (film) __knowledge__ The song score was composed by Sherman Edwards.", "1776 (film) __knowledge__ The cast included William Daniels, Howard Da Silva, Donald Madden, John Cullum, Ken Howard and Blythe Danner.", "1776 (film) __knowledge__ Portions of the dialogue and some of the song lyrics were taken directly from the letters and memoirs of the actual participants of the Second Continental Congress.", "1776 (film) __knowledge__ While General George Washington is conducting the struggle against the British Empire on the battlefield, the Continental Congress in Philadelphia piddles away its time over trivial matters and continually refuses to begin debating the question of American independence.", "Krush Groove __knowledge__ Krush Groove is a 1985 Warner Bros. film that was written by Ralph Farquhar and directed by Michael Schultz (who also produced the movie, along with George Jackson and Doug McHenry).", "Krush Groove __knowledge__ This film is based on the early days of Def Jam Recordings and up-and-coming record producer Russell Simmons (renamed Russell Walker in the film), portrayed by Blair Underwood in his feature film debut.", "Krush Groove __knowledge__ Simmons was the film's co-producer and story consultant; he also had a cameo in the film as a club owner named Crocket.", "Krush Groove __knowledge__ Russell Walker has signed all of the hottest acts to his Krush Groove record label, including Run-D.M.C., Dr. Jeckyll & Mr. Hyde (Alonzo Brown), and Kurtis Blow.", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ Pulp Fiction is a 1994 American crime film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino, based on a story by Tarantino and Roger Avary, and starring John Travolta, Samuel L. Jackson, Bruce Willis, Ving Rhames, and Uma Thurman.", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ The film tells a few stories of criminal Los Angeles.", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ The film's title refers to the pulp magazines and hardboiled crime novels popular during the mid-20th century, known for their graphic violence and punchy dialogue.", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ The screenplay of \"Pulp Fiction\" was written in 1992 and 1993, and incorporated some scenes originally written by Avary for \"True Romance\".", "Pulp Fiction __knowledge__ Its plot is presented out of chronological order.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ Warriors is a series of novels published by HarperCollins; it is written by authors Kate Cary, Cherith Baldry, Tui Sutherland, with the plot developed by editor Victoria Holmes, who collectively use the pseudonym Erin Hunter.", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ The series follows the adventures of four Clans of wild cats—ThunderClan, ShadowClan, WindClan, and RiverClan —in their forest and lake homes, who look up to StarClan, their warriors ancestors, and spirits in the stars, who guide the four clans.", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ SkyClan, the long-forgotten fifth Clan of the forest, is later introduced in the stand-alone novel \"Firestar's Quest\".", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ It receives additional focus in the novel \"SkyClan's Destiny\", the manga trilogy \"SkyClan and the Stranger\", and the 2013 novella \"Cloudstar's Journey\".", "War film __knowledge__ War film is a film genre concerned with warfare, typically about naval, air, or land battles, with combat scenes central to the drama.", "War film __knowledge__ It has been strongly associated with the 20th century.", "War film __knowledge__ The fateful nature of battle scenes means that war films often end with them.", "War film __knowledge__ Themes explored include combat, survival and escape, sacrifice, the futility and inhumanity of battle, the effects of war on society, and the moral and human issues raised by war.", "War film __knowledge__ War films are often categorized by their milieu, such as the Korean War; the most popular subject is the Second World War.", "War film __knowledge__ The stories told may be fiction, historical drama, or biographical.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Fritz the Cat (film) __knowledge__ Fritz the Cat is a 1972 American adult animated comedy film written and directed by Ralph Bakshi.", "Fritz the Cat (film) __knowledge__ It was Bakshi's feature film debut and is loosely based on the Fritz the Cat comic strips by Robert Crumb.", "Fritz the Cat (film) __knowledge__ It was the first animated feature film to receive an X rating in the United States.", "Fritz the Cat (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Fritz (voiced by Skip Hinnant), an anthropomorphic cat in mid-1960s New York City who explores the ideals of hedonism and sociopolitical consciousness.", "Fritz the Cat (film) __knowledge__ The film is a satire focusing on American college life of the era, race relations, the free love movement, and left- and right-wing politics.", "Fritz the Cat (film) __knowledge__ The film had a troubled production history and controversial release.", "The Nine Lives of Fritz the Cat __knowledge__ The Nine Lives of Fritz the Cat is a 1974 American adult animated comedy film directed by Robert Taylor and written by Taylor.", "The Nine Lives of Fritz the Cat __knowledge__ It features a series of drug-induced vignettes both related and unrelated to life in the 1970s.", "The Nine Lives of Fritz the Cat __knowledge__ Starring Skip Hinnant as the voice of the titular feline protagonist, the film is a sequel to \"Fritz the Cat\", the first animated film to receive an X rating in the United States.", "The Nine Lives of Fritz the Cat __knowledge__ Unlike its predecessor, \"The Nine Lives of Fritz the Cat\" received an R rating, which is the first cartoon feature film to do so.", "The Nine Lives of Fritz the Cat __knowledge__ The film was entered into the 1974 Cannes Film Festival but was a commercial failure.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ A background actor or extra is a performer in a film, television show, stage, musical, opera or ballet production, who appears in a nonspeaking or nonsinging (silent) capacity, usually in the background (for example, in an audience or busy street scene).", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ War films and epic films often employ background actors in large numbers: some films have featured hundreds or even thousands of paid background actors as cast members (hence the term \"cast of thousands\").", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Likewise, grand opera can involve many background actors appearing in spectacular productions.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ On a film or TV set, background actors are usually referred to as \"background talent\", \"background performers\", \"background artists\", \"background cast members\" or simply \"background\", while the term \"extra\" is rarely used.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In a stage production, background actors are commonly referred to as \"supernumeraries\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In opera and ballet, they are called either \"extras\" or \"supers\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Casting criteria for background actors depend on the production.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ It has been said that background cast members often require little or no acting experience.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ This is not entirely true, as any type of unrealistic portrayal must include some form of imagination and acting.", "Currency of Venezuela __knowledge__ This article provides a historical summary of the currency used in Venezuela since the end of the 18th century.", "Currency of Venezuela __knowledge__ For the present currency of Venezuela, see Venezuelan bolívar.", "Currency of Venezuela __knowledge__ Peso = 8 Reales (silver) Escudo = 2 Pesos (gold) History Venezuela shared the common Spanish-American monetary system, based on the silver peso and the gold escudo, current throughout Spanish America.", "Currency of Venezuela __knowledge__ Trade, especially in cacao, brought money to the colony in the late 17th century in the form of coin from the Mexico money supply increased significantly after the Compañía Guipuzcoana de Caracas obtained a trade monopoly in 1729, and Spanish and Spanish-American coin became a common form of payment.", "Copper-clad steel __knowledge__ Copper-clad steel (CCS), also known as copper-covered steel or the trademarked name Copperweld is a bi-metallic product, mainly used in the wire industry that combines the high mechanical resistance of steel with the conductivity and resistance to corrosion of copper.", "Copper-clad steel __knowledge__ It is mainly used for grounding purposes, line tracing to locate underground utilities, drop wire of telephone cables, and inner conductor of coaxial cables, including thin hookup cables like RG174, and CATV cable.", "Copper-clad steel __knowledge__ The first recorded attempt to make copper clad steel wire took place in the early 1860s, according to the \"Copper Clad Handbook\", issued by the Duplex Metals Co., Chester, PA at the turn of the 20th century.", "Life (2015 film) __knowledge__ Life is a 2015 biographical drama film directed by Anton Corbijn and written by Luke Davies.", "Life (2015 film) __knowledge__ It is based on the friendship of \"Life\" photographer Dennis Stock and Hollywood actor James Dean, starring Robert Pattinson as Stock and Dane DeHaan as Dean.", "Life (2015 film) __knowledge__ The film is an American, British, German, Canadian and Australian co-production, produced by Iain Canning and Emile Sherman from See-Saw Films and Christina Piovesan from First Generation Films with co-financed by Barry Films Production.", "Life (2015 film) __knowledge__ Production took place from February to April 2014 in Toronto and Los Angeles.", "Life (2015 film) __knowledge__ The film had its premiere at 65th Berlin International Film Festival, at \"Berlinale Special Gala at the Zoo Palast\" on February 9, 2015.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ All Creatures Great and Small is a British television series based on the books of the British veterinary surgeon Alf Wight, who wrote under the pseudonym James Herriot.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ In 1977, the BBC tasked producer Bill Sellars with the creation of a television series from Herriot's first two novels, \"If Only They Could Talk\" and \"It Shouldn't Happen to a Vet\", using the title of the 1975 film adaptation.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ The Herriot novels were written in an episodic style, with each chapter generally containing a short story within the ongoing narrative of Herriot's life.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ This format greatly facilitated their adaptation for a television series.", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ Scream is an American horror franchise created by Kevin Williamson and Wes Craven.", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ Starring Neve Campbell, Courteney Cox, and David Arquette, the film series grossed over $604 million in worldwide box-office receipts and consists of four motion pictures directed by Craven.", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ The first series entry, \"Scream\", was released on December 20, 1996 and is currently the highest-grossing slasher film in the United States.", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ The second entry \"Scream 2\" was released on December 12, 1997 followed by a third installment, \"Scream 3\", released February 4, 2000.", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ Eleven years after the previous film, \"Scream 4\" was released on April 15, 2011.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ Aircraft in fiction covers the various real-world aircraft that have made significant appearances in fiction over the decades, including in books, films, toys, TV programs, video games, and other media.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ These appearances spotlight the popularity of different models of aircraft, and showcase the different types for the general public.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ The first aviation film was the 1911 William J. Humphrey–directed two-reeler, \"The Military Air-Scout\", shot following an Aero Club of America flying meet at Long Island, New York, with Lt. Henry Arnold doing the stunt flying.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ \"Arnold, who picked up 'a few extra bucks' for his services, became so excited about movies that he almost quit the Army to become an actor.\"", "Saving Private Ryan __knowledge__ Saving Private Ryan is a 1998 American epic war drama film directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Robert Rodat.", "Saving Private Ryan __knowledge__ Set during the Invasion of Normandy in World War II, the film is notable for its graphic portrayal of war, and for the intensity of its opening 27 minutes, which includes a depiction of the Omaha Beach assault during the Normandy landings.", "Saving Private Ryan __knowledge__ It follows United States Army Rangers Captain John H. Miller (Tom Hanks) and a squad (Tom Sizemore, Edward Burns, Barry Pepper, Giovanni Ribisi, Vin Diesel, Adam Goldberg, and Jeremy Davies) as they search for a paratrooper, Private First Class James Francis Ryan (Matt Damon), who is the last-surviving brother of four servicemen.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ Steven Allan Spielberg (born December 18, 1946) is an American director, producer, and screenwriter.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ He is considered one of the founding pioneers of the New Hollywood era, as well as being viewed as one of the most popular directors and producers in film history.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ He is also one of the co-founders of DreamWorks Studios.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have spanned many themes and genres.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films, such as \"Jaws\" (1975), \"Close Encounters of the Third Kind\" (1977), \"Raiders of the Lost Ark\" (1981), and \"E.T.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ the Extra-Terrestrial\" (1982), were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood escapist filmmaking.", "Band of Brothers (miniseries) __knowledge__ Band of Brothers is a 2001 American war drama miniseries based on historian Stephen E. Ambrose's 1992 non-fiction book of the same name.", "Band of Brothers (miniseries) __knowledge__ The executive producers were Steven Spielberg and Tom Hanks, who had collaborated on the 1998 World War II film \"Saving Private Ryan\".", "Band of Brothers (miniseries) __knowledge__ The episodes first aired in 2001 on HBO.", "Band of Brothers (miniseries) __knowledge__ The series won Emmy and Golden Globe awards in 2001 for best miniseries.", "Band of Brothers (miniseries) __knowledge__ The series dramatizes the history of \"Easy\" Company, 2nd Battalion, 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, of the 101st Airborne Division, from jump training in the United States through its participation in major actions in Europe, up until Japan's capitulation and the war's end.", "Tom Hanks __knowledge__ Thomas Jeffrey Hanks (born July 9, 1956) is an American actor and filmmaker.", "Tom Hanks __knowledge__ Hanks is known for his comedic and dramatic roles in such films as \"Splash\" (1984), \"Big\" (1988), \"Turner & Hooch\" (1989), \"A League of Their Own\" (1992), \"Sleepless in Seattle\" (1993), \"Apollo 13\" (1995), \"Saving Private Ryan\" (1998), \"You've Got Mail\" (1998), \"The Green Mile\" (1999), \"Cast Away\" (2000), \"Road to Perdition\" (2002), \"The Polar Express\" (2004), \"Larry Crowne\" (2011), \"Cloud Atlas\" (2012), \"Captain Phillips\" (2013), \"Saving Mr. Banks\" (2013), and \"Sully\" (2016).", "Tom Hanks __knowledge__ He starred in the \"Robert Langdon\" film series, and voices Sheriff Woody in the \"Toy Story\" film series.", "Online Film Critics Society Awards 1998 __knowledge__ The 2nd Online Film Critics Society Awards, honoring the best in film for 1998, were given on 3 January 1999.", "Online Film Critics Society Awards 1998 __knowledge__ Saving Private Ryan Steven Spielberg – \"Saving Private Ryan\" Ian McKellen – \"Gods and Monsters\" Cate Blanchett – \"Elizabeth\" Billy Bob Thornton – \"A Simple Plan\" Joan Allen – \"Pleasantville\" \"The Truman Show\" – Andrew Niccol \"Out of Sight\" – Scott Frank Life Is Beautiful The Big One \"Saving Private Ryan\" – Janusz Kamiński \"Saving Private Ryan\" – Michael Kahn Saving Private Ryan \"Pleasantville\" – Randy Newman", "Saving Private Ryan (soundtrack) __knowledge__ Saving Private Ryan: Music from the Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack album for the 1998 film \"Saving Private Ryan\", directed by Steven Spielberg.", "Saving Private Ryan (soundtrack) __knowledge__ The album was produced by composer John Williams and distributed by DreamWorks Records.", "Saving Private Ryan (soundtrack) __knowledge__ Recorded in Symphony Hall, Boston, Massachusetts, the scores were performed by the Boston Symphony Orchestra, with two of the ten compositions featuring vocals from the Tanglewood Festival Chorus.", "Saving Private Ryan (soundtrack) __knowledge__ The soundtrack runs for almost an hour, while the film itself lasts over two hours.", "Saving Private Ryan (soundtrack) __knowledge__ Throughout the compositions, brass, string, and horn instruments were used to evoke a variety of emotions and tones.", "American Sniper __knowledge__ American Sniper is a 2014 American biographical war drama film directed by Clint Eastwood and written by Jason Hall.", "American Sniper __knowledge__ It is loosely based on the memoir \"American Sniper: The Autobiography of the Most Lethal Sniper in U.S. Military History\" (2012) by Chris Kyle, with Scott McEwen and Jim DeFelice.", "American Sniper __knowledge__ The film follows the life of Kyle, who became the deadliest marksman in U.S. military history with 255 kills from four tours in the Iraq War, 160 of which were officially confirmed by the Department of Defense.", "American Sniper __knowledge__ While Kyle was celebrated for his military successes, his tours of duty took a heavy toll on his personal and family life." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ A background actor or extra is a performer in a film, television show, stage, musical, opera or ballet production, who appears in a nonspeaking or nonsinging (silent) capacity, usually in the background (for example, in an audience or busy street scene).", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ War films and epic films often employ background actors in large numbers: some films have featured hundreds or even thousands of paid background actors as cast members (hence the term \"cast of thousands\").", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Likewise, grand opera can involve many background actors appearing in spectacular productions.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ On a film or TV set, background actors are usually referred to as \"background talent\", \"background performers\", \"background artists\", \"background cast members\" or simply \"background\", while the term \"extra\" is rarely used.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In a stage production, background actors are commonly referred to as \"supernumeraries\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In opera and ballet, they are called either \"extras\" or \"supers\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Casting criteria for background actors depend on the production.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ It has been said that background cast members often require little or no acting experience.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ This is not entirely true, as any type of unrealistic portrayal must include some form of imagination and acting.", "Tom Hanks __knowledge__ Thomas Jeffrey Hanks (born July 9, 1956) is an American actor and filmmaker.", "Tom Hanks __knowledge__ Hanks is known for his comedic and dramatic roles in such films as \"Splash\" (1984), \"Big\" (1988), \"Turner & Hooch\" (1989), \"A League of Their Own\" (1992), \"Sleepless in Seattle\" (1993), \"Apollo 13\" (1995), \"Saving Private Ryan\" (1998), \"You've Got Mail\" (1998), \"The Green Mile\" (1999), \"Cast Away\" (2000), \"Road to Perdition\" (2002), \"The Polar Express\" (2004), \"Larry Crowne\" (2011), \"Cloud Atlas\" (2012), \"Captain Phillips\" (2013), \"Saving Mr. Banks\" (2013), and \"Sully\" (2016).", "Tom Hanks __knowledge__ He starred in the \"Robert Langdon\" film series, and voices Sheriff Woody in the \"Toy Story\" film series.", "Lucky Guy (play) __knowledge__ Lucky Guy is a play by Nora Ephron that premiered in 2013, the year after her death.", "Lucky Guy (play) __knowledge__ It was Ephron's final work and marked Tom Hanks's Broadway debut, in which he earned a Theatre World Award.", "Lucky Guy (play) __knowledge__ It depicts the story of journalist Mike McAlary beginning in 1985 and ending with his death at the age of 41 in 1998.", "Lucky Guy (play) __knowledge__ The plot covers the high points and tribulations of McAlary's career as he traverses the clubby atmosphere of the New York City tabloid industry in what some regard as its heyday.", "Lucky Guy (play) __knowledge__ The play includes his near fatal automobile accident and devotes a large portion to his recovery.", "Lucky Guy (play) __knowledge__ Originally conceived as a television film in 1999, the play spent years under revision before finally opening on Broadway in 2013.", "Toy Story __knowledge__ Toy Story is a 1995 American computer-animated buddy comedy adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures.", "Toy Story __knowledge__ The directorial debut of John Lasseter, \"Toy Story\" was the first feature-length computer-animated film and the first feature film produced by Pixar.", "Toy Story __knowledge__ Taking place in a world where anthropomorphic toys pretend to be lifeless whenever humans are present, the film's plot focuses on the relationship between Woody, an old-fashioned pullstring cowboy doll (voiced by Tom Hanks), and Buzz Lightyear, an astronaut action figure (voiced by Tim Allen), as they evolve from rivals competing for the affections of Andy, their owner, to friends who work together to be reunited with Andy as his family prepares to move to a new home.", "Sheriff Woody __knowledge__ Sheriff Woody Pride is a fictional character in the \"Toy Story\" franchise created by Pixar.", "Sheriff Woody __knowledge__ He is a pull-string cowboy doll and the leader of the toys in the movies.", "Sheriff Woody __knowledge__ His facial features are based on Tone Thyne, a former Disney animator.", "Sheriff Woody __knowledge__ He is voiced by Tom Hanks in the feature-length films, short films and the upcoming video game \"Kingdom Hearts III\", and by Tom's brother Jim Hanks in video games and shorts until Disney Magic Kingdoms.", "Sheriff Woody __knowledge__ In \"Toy Story\", Woody is the favorite toy of his owner Andy Davis and the leader of the toys in Andy's room.", "Sheriff Woody __knowledge__ However, his position is jeopardized by the arrival of Buzz Lightyear, an astronaut action figure that Andy get as a birthday present.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ Steven Allan Spielberg (born December 18, 1946) is an American director, producer, and screenwriter.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ He is considered one of the founding pioneers of the New Hollywood era, as well as being viewed as one of the most popular directors and producers in film history.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ He is also one of the co-founders of DreamWorks Studios.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ In a career spanning more than four decades, Spielberg's films have spanned many themes and genres.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films, such as \"Jaws\" (1975), \"Close Encounters of the Third Kind\" (1977), \"Raiders of the Lost Ark\" (1981), and \"E.T.", "Steven Spielberg __knowledge__ the Extra-Terrestrial\" (1982), were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood escapist filmmaking.", "Forrest Gump __knowledge__ Forrest Gump is a 1994 American drama film based on the 1986 novel of the same name by Winston Groom.", "Forrest Gump __knowledge__ The film was directed by Robert Zemeckis and stars Tom Hanks, Robin Wright, Gary Sinise, Mykelti Williamson, and Sally Field.", "Forrest Gump __knowledge__ The story depicts several decades in the life of its titular character (Hanks), a slow-witted but kind-hearted, good-natured and athletically prodigious man from Alabama.", "Forrest Gump __knowledge__ Gump witnesses, and in some cases influences, some of the defining events of the latter half of the 20th century in the United States, specifically the period between his birth in 1944 and 1982.", "Forrest Gump __knowledge__ The film differs substantially from Winston Groom's novel, including Gump's personality and several events that were depicted.", "Jim Hanks __knowledge__ Jim Hanks (born June 15, 1961) is an American actor, voice actor and filmmaker.", "Jim Hanks __knowledge__ He has played numerous minor roles in film and guest appearances on television, and often substitutes doing voice work for his older brother Tom Hanks.", "Jim Hanks __knowledge__ He has produced, directed, and filmed several short films.", "Jim Hanks __knowledge__ Jim Hanks' first lead role was as Jeeter Buford in the film \"Buford's Beach Bunnies\".", "Jim Hanks __knowledge__ His brother Tom Hanks was considered a strong candidate for the role, but was unavailable.", "Jim Hanks __knowledge__ Wishing to earn the role based on his own abilities, Jim auditioned as \"Jim Matthews\" (just his first and a modification of his middle name).", "Saving Private Ryan __knowledge__ Saving Private Ryan is a 1998 American epic war drama film directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Robert Rodat.", "Saving Private Ryan __knowledge__ Set during the Invasion of Normandy in World War II, the film is notable for its graphic portrayal of war, and for the intensity of its opening 27 minutes, which includes a depiction of the Omaha Beach assault during the Normandy landings.", "Saving Private Ryan __knowledge__ It follows United States Army Rangers Captain John H. Miller (Tom Hanks) and a squad (Tom Sizemore, Edward Burns, Barry Pepper, Giovanni Ribisi, Vin Diesel, Adam Goldberg, and Jeremy Davies) as they search for a paratrooper, Private First Class James Francis Ryan (Matt Damon), who is the last-surviving brother of four servicemen.", "Bridge of Spies (film) __knowledge__ Bridge of Spies is a 2015 historical drama legal thriller film directed and co-produced by Steven Spielberg, written by Matt Charman, Ethan and Joel Coen and stars Tom Hanks, Mark Rylance, Amy Ryan, and Alan Alda.", "Bridge of Spies (film) __knowledge__ Set during the Cold War, the film tells the story of lawyer James B. Donovan, who is entrusted with negotiating the release of Francis Gary Powers—a U.S. Air Force pilot whose U-2 spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union in 1960—in exchange for Rudolf Abel, a convicted Soviet KGB spy held under the custody of the United States, whom he represented at trial.", "Bridge of Spies (film) __knowledge__ The name of the film refers to the Glienicke Bridge, which connects Potsdam with Berlin, where the prisoner exchange took place.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ Stanley Kubrick (; July 26, 1928 – March 7, 1999) was an American film director, screenwriter, and producer.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ He is frequently cited as one of the greatest and most influential directors in cinematic history.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ His films, which are mostly adaptations of novels or short stories, cover a wide range of genres, and are noted for their realism, dark humor, unique cinematography, extensive set designs, and evocative use of music.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ Kubrick was raised in the Bronx, New York City, and attended William Howard Taft High School from 1941 to 1945.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ Although he only received average grades, Kubrick displayed a keen interest in literature, photography, and film from a young age, and taught himself all aspects of film production and directing after graduating from high school.", "Minority Report (film) __knowledge__ Minority Report is a 2002 American neo-noir science fiction film directed by Steven Spielberg and loosely based on the short story of the same name by Philip K. Dick.", "Minority Report (film) __knowledge__ It is set primarily in Washington, D.C., and Northern Virginia in the year 2054, where \"PreCrime\", a specialized police department, apprehends criminals based on foreknowledge provided by three psychics called \"precogs\".", "Minority Report (film) __knowledge__ The cast includes Tom Cruise as Chief of PreCrime John Anderton, Colin Farrell as Department of Justice agent Danny Witwer, Samantha Morton as the senior precog Agatha, and Max von Sydow as Anderton's superior Lamar Burgess.", "Road to Perdition __knowledge__ Road to Perdition is a 2002 American crime film directed by Sam Mendes.", "Road to Perdition __knowledge__ The screenplay was adapted by David Self from the graphic novel of the same name by Max Allan Collins.", "Road to Perdition __knowledge__ The film stars Tom Hanks, Paul Newman, Jude Law, and Daniel Craig.", "Road to Perdition __knowledge__ The plot takes place in 1931, during the Great Depression, following a mob enforcer and his son as they seek vengeance against a mobster who murdered the rest of their family.", "Road to Perdition __knowledge__ Filming took place in the Chicago area.", "Road to Perdition __knowledge__ Mendes, having recently finished 1999's acclaimed \"American Beauty\", pursued a story that had minimal dialogue and conveyed emotion in the imagery." ] ]

[ 2, 8, 42, 4 ]

[ "I have acted as an extra in several war films. I enjoy it because it makes me feel like a cat with nine lives who gets to die over and over.", "I stormed the beaches of Normandy in Saving Private Ryan as an extra with no acting experience whatsoever!", "Well, I saw Tom Hanks, Vin Diesel, and Steven Spielberg on set, but I didn't actually get to meet them. Sad day.", "Yeah, but I'm not sure he would appreciate an army of background cast members and extras running up and asking for autographs, lol." ]

[ "Extra (acting)", "Extra (acting)", "Extra (acting)", "Extra (acting)" ]

[ "Veterinary physician\nI'd really like to become a veterinary physician one day, are you good with animals?", "Yeah I'm looking toward the clinical route too. Do you know what kind of schooling your daughter is going to attend?", "That seems like a logical pathway. I'm interested in how much Veterinarians typically make, but I haven't done much research, do you have any information?", "Hm thats definitely true. It seems like a very emotionally taxing job, but I just love the animals so much I think it would be worth it." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ A veterinary physician, usually called a vet, which is shortened from veterinarian (American English, Australian English) or veterinary surgeon (British English), is a professional who practices veterinary medicine by treating diseases, disorders, and injuries in animals.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many countries, the local nomenclature for a veterinarian is a regulated and protected term, meaning that members of the public without the prerequisite qualifications and/or licensure are not able to use the title.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many cases, the activities that may be undertaken by a veterinarian (such as treatment of illness or surgery in animals) are restricted only to those professionals who are registered as a veterinarian.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ For instance, in the United Kingdom, as in other jurisdictions, animal treatment may only be performed by registered veterinary physicians (with a few designated exceptions, such as paraveterinary workers), and it is illegal for any person who is not registered to call themselves a veterinarian or prescribe any treatment.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ Most veterinary physicians work in clinical settings, treating animals directly.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ These veterinarians may be involved in a general practice, treating animals of all types; they may be specialized in a specific group of animals such as companion animals, livestock, zoo animals or equines; or may specialize in a narrow medical discipline such as surgery, dermatology or internal medicine .", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Veterinary medicine is the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease, disorder and injury in non-human animals.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ The scope of veterinary medicine is wide, covering all animal species, both domesticated and wild, with a wide range of conditions which can affect different species.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Veterinary medicine is widely practiced, both with and without professional supervision.", "Veterinary medicine __knowledge__ Professional care is most often led by a veterinary physician (also known as a vet, veterinary surgeon or veterinarian), but also by paraveterinary workers such as veterinary nurses or technicians.", "Paraveterinary worker __knowledge__ Paraveterinary workers are those people who assist a veterinary physician in the performance of their duties, or carry out animal health procedures autonomously as part of a veterinary care system.", "Paraveterinary worker __knowledge__ The job role varies throughout the world, and common titles include veterinary nurse, veterinary technician, veterinary assistant and veterinary technologist, and variants with the prefix of 'animal health'.", "Paraveterinary worker __knowledge__ The scope of practice varies between countries, with some countries allowing suitably qualified paraveterinary workers a scope of autonomous practice, including minor surgery, whilst others restrict their workers to simple assisting of the veterinarian.", "Antibiotic use in livestock __knowledge__ Antibiotic use in livestock is the use of antibiotics for any purpose in the husbandry of livestock, which includes treatment when ill (therapeutic), treatment of a batch of animals when at least one is diagnosed as ill (metaphylaxis, similar to the way bacterial meningitis is treated in children), and preventative treatment (prophylaxis) against disease.", "Antibiotic use in livestock __knowledge__ The use of subtherapeutic doses in animal feed and/or water to promote growth and improve feed efficiency was eliminated effective January 1, 2017, as a result of new FDA Veterinary Feed Directive.", "Antibiotic use in livestock __knowledge__ This practice has been banned in Europe since 2006.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ All Creatures Great and Small is a British television series based on the books of the British veterinary surgeon Alf Wight, who wrote under the pseudonym James Herriot.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ In 1977, the BBC tasked producer Bill Sellars with the creation of a television series from Herriot's first two novels, \"If Only They Could Talk\" and \"It Shouldn't Happen to a Vet\", using the title of the 1975 film adaptation.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ The Herriot novels were written in an episodic style, with each chapter generally containing a short story within the ongoing narrative of Herriot's life.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ This format greatly facilitated their adaptation for a television series.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse.", "Veterinary education in France __knowledge__ Veterinary education in France is ensured by four specialised \"grandes écoles\", the veterinary schools, located in Lyon, Maisons-Alfort, Nantes and Toulouse.", "Veterinary education in France __knowledge__ The studies last at least seven years after the \"baccalauréat\" and ends with an exertion thesis giving the right to the state diploma of veterinary physician.", "Veterinary education in France __knowledge__ The course starts with two years of scientific studies at the end of which students spends a national contest to enter into a veterinary school, where studies will then continue over five years.", "Veterinary education in France __knowledge__ France was the first country where the teaching of veterinary medicine has become institutionalized, through the establishment of the first veterinary schools in the eighteenth century." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ A veterinary physician, usually called a vet, which is shortened from veterinarian (American English, Australian English) or veterinary surgeon (British English), is a professional who practices veterinary medicine by treating diseases, disorders, and injuries in animals.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many countries, the local nomenclature for a veterinarian is a regulated and protected term, meaning that members of the public without the prerequisite qualifications and/or licensure are not able to use the title.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many cases, the activities that may be undertaken by a veterinarian (such as treatment of illness or surgery in animals) are restricted only to those professionals who are registered as a veterinarian.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ For instance, in the United Kingdom, as in other jurisdictions, animal treatment may only be performed by registered veterinary physicians (with a few designated exceptions, such as paraveterinary workers), and it is illegal for any person who is not registered to call themselves a veterinarian or prescribe any treatment.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ Most veterinary physicians work in clinical settings, treating animals directly.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ These veterinarians may be involved in a general practice, treating animals of all types; they may be specialized in a specific group of animals such as companion animals, livestock, zoo animals or equines; or may specialize in a narrow medical discipline such as surgery, dermatology or internal medicine .", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Morgenthau Plan __knowledge__ The Morgenthau Plan (; ) by the Allied occupation of Germany following World War II was a proposal to eliminate Germany's ability to wage war by eliminating its arms industry, and the removal or destruction of other key industries basic to military strength.", "Morgenthau Plan __knowledge__ This included the removal or destruction of all industrial plants and equipment in the Ruhr.", "Morgenthau Plan __knowledge__ It was first proposed by United States Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau, Jr. in a memorandum entitled \"Suggested Post-Surrender Program for Germany\".", "Morgenthau Plan __knowledge__ While the Morgenthau Plan had some influence on Allied planning for the occupation of Germany, it was not adopted.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Stone is a 2010 U.S. crime thriller film directed by John Curran and starring Robert De Niro, Edward Norton and Milla Jovovich.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Most of the filming was done in Washtenaw County, Michigan.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ This was the final film to be released by Overture Films.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Young mother Madylyn Mabry puts her daughter to bed while her husband Jack watches golf on television.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ A bee buzzes around the window as she stays with her girl.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ After the child is asleep, she goes downstairs and announces she's leaving, saying \"You keep my soul in a dungeon.\"", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ He takes a moment to disconnect from the game, then runs upstairs to the bedroom and holds their daughter out the window, threatening to drop her if Madylyn leaves.", "Laboratory of Comparative Human Cognition (LCHC) __knowledge__ Laboratory of Comparative Human Cognition (LCHC) is a social science laboratory located at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) since 1978.", "Laboratory of Comparative Human Cognition (LCHC) __knowledge__ Scholars at LCHC pursue research focused on understanding the complex relationship between cognition and culture in individual and social development.", "Laboratory of Comparative Human Cognition (LCHC) __knowledge__ Such research requires collaboration among scholars from a variety of research disciplines, including cognitive science, education, linguistics, psychology, anthropology, and sociology.", "Laboratory of Comparative Human Cognition (LCHC) __knowledge__ LCHC also functions as a research and training institution, arranging for pre-doctoral, doctoral, and post-doctoral training, as well as research exchanges with scholars throughout the world.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Rachel Scott __knowledge__ Rachel Joy Scott (August 5, 1981 April 20, 1999) was an American student and the first murder victim of the Columbine High School massacre, in which 11 other students and a teacher were also murdered before both perpetrators committed suicide.", "Rachel Scott __knowledge__ She has since been the subject of several books and is the inspiration for Rachel's Challenge, an international school outreach program and the most popular school assembly program in America.", "Rachel Scott __knowledge__ Its aim is to advocate Scott's belief, based on her life, her journals, and the contents of a two-page essay penned just a month before her murder entitled \"My Ethics; My Codes of Life\" which advocates her belief in compassion being \"the greatest form of love humans have to offer\".", "Lot and His Daughters (Orazio Gentileschi) __knowledge__ Lot and His Daughters is a 1622 painting by Orazio Gentileschi.", "Lot and His Daughters (Orazio Gentileschi) __knowledge__ Executed in oil on canvas, the large painting depicts the Biblical tale of Lot and his two daughters after the destruction of Sodom.", "Lot and His Daughters (Orazio Gentileschi) __knowledge__ The painting comes from the home of Giovanni Antonio Sauli who commissioned the work along with \"Danaë\" and \"Penitent Magdalen\".", "Lot and His Daughters (Orazio Gentileschi) __knowledge__ It has been owned by the Getty Museum in Los Angeles since 1998.", "Lot and His Daughters (Orazio Gentileschi) __knowledge__ Orazio Gentileschi originally was a Mannerist painter, however after the turn of the 17th century, Gentileschi was deeply influenced by Caravaggio.", "Lot and His Daughters (Orazio Gentileschi) __knowledge__ As with Caravaggio, Gentileschi employed deep use of tenebrism, painted from models and did studies from real life, but according to the authors, Gentileschi was more faithful to the representation of the model.", "The Numero Group __knowledge__ The Numero Group is an archival record label that creates compilations of previously released music, reissues original albums, and creates album reconstructions from a variety of musical genres.", "The Numero Group __knowledge__ The label, known as Numero, was founded in 2003 by Tom Lunt, Rob Sevier, and Ken Shipley (a former A&R manager for the equally eclectic Rykodisc label).", "The Numero Group __knowledge__ The label's focus since its 2003 founding has been to research and preserve obscure recorded material and ephemera by artists and entrepreneurs who found little commercial success upon their material's initial release.", "The Numero Group __knowledge__ In 2013, Numero became part of a partnership with Secretly Label Group.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ Since the arrival of early social networking sites in the early 2000s, online social networking platforms have expanded exponentially, with the biggest names in social media in the mid-2010s being Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and SnapChat.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ The massive influx of personal information that has become available online and stored in the cloud has put user privacy at the forefront of discussion of the databases ability to safely store such personal information.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ The extent to which users and social media platform administrators can access user profiles has become a new topic of ethical consideration and the legality, awareness and boundaries of subsequent privacy violations are critical concerns in the advance of the technological age.", "Criticism of Facebook __knowledge__ Criticism of Facebook relates to how Facebook's market dominance have led to international media coverage and significant reporting of its shortcomings.", "Criticism of Facebook __knowledge__ Notable issues include Internet privacy, such as its use of a widespread \"like\" button on third-party websites tracking users, possible indefinite records of user information, automatic facial recognition software, and its role in the workplace, including employer-employee account disclosure.", "Criticism of Facebook __knowledge__ The use of Facebook can have psychological effects, including feelings of jealousy and stress, a lack of attention, and social media addiction, in some cases comparable to drug addiction." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ A veterinary physician, usually called a vet, which is shortened from veterinarian (American English, Australian English) or veterinary surgeon (British English), is a professional who practices veterinary medicine by treating diseases, disorders, and injuries in animals.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many countries, the local nomenclature for a veterinarian is a regulated and protected term, meaning that members of the public without the prerequisite qualifications and/or licensure are not able to use the title.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many cases, the activities that may be undertaken by a veterinarian (such as treatment of illness or surgery in animals) are restricted only to those professionals who are registered as a veterinarian.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ For instance, in the United Kingdom, as in other jurisdictions, animal treatment may only be performed by registered veterinary physicians (with a few designated exceptions, such as paraveterinary workers), and it is illegal for any person who is not registered to call themselves a veterinarian or prescribe any treatment.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ Most veterinary physicians work in clinical settings, treating animals directly.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ These veterinarians may be involved in a general practice, treating animals of all types; they may be specialized in a specific group of animals such as companion animals, livestock, zoo animals or equines; or may specialize in a narrow medical discipline such as surgery, dermatology or internal medicine .", "Odaenathus __knowledge__ Septimius Udhayna, Latinized as Odaenathus (Palmyrene: (), spelled Oḏainaṯ; (); 220 – 267 AD), was the founder king (Mlk) of the Palmyrene Kingdom centered at Palmyra, Syria.", "Odaenathus __knowledge__ He lifted his city from the position of a regional center subordinate to Rome into the supreme power in the East.", "Odaenathus __knowledge__ Odaenathus was born into an aristocratic Palmyrene family that received Roman citizenship in the 190s under the Severan dynasty.", "Odaenathus __knowledge__ He was the son of Hairan the descendant of Nasor.", "Odaenathus __knowledge__ The circumstances surrounding his rise are ambiguous; he became the lord (Ras) of the city, a position created for him, as early as the 240s and by 258, he was styled a \"consularis\", indicating a high status in the Roman Empire.", "Hairan II __knowledge__ Hairan II was a Palmyrene prince, the son of king Odaenathus and, possibly, his second wife Zenobia.", "Hairan II __knowledge__ The existence of Hairan was established by the discovery of a lead seal (code named RTP 736).", "Hairan II __knowledge__ The seal bears the images of two priests, one on each side.", "Hairan II __knowledge__ On one of the sides, the name of Odaenathus' son and successor Vaballathus was engraved under the image as a legend, while the name of Hairan was engraved on the other side.", "Hairan II __knowledge__ The name of Odaenathus was engraved on both sides.", "Hairan II __knowledge__ No name of a mother was engraved and the seal is undated.", "Hairan II __knowledge__ Odaenathus had another son, Hairan I, who appeared in different inscriptions dated from 251 AD onward.", "Hairan I __knowledge__ Septimius Herodianus or Hairan (died 267) was the son and co-king of Odaenathus of Palmyra.", "Hairan I __knowledge__ Through his father's marriage to Zenobia, Hairan had a half brother with the same name Hairan II.", "Hairan I __knowledge__ Hairan was born the son of Odaenathus and his first (unnamed) wife, and was chosen early in his father's career as a successor.", "Hairan I __knowledge__ In 251 he was mentioned in an inscription together with his father as a senators and Exarch of Palmyra.", "Hairan I __knowledge__ Hairan was crowned King of Kings by his father; the evidence for the crowning is a dedication found inscribed on a statue base from Palmyra which is undated.", "Hairan I __knowledge__ However, the dedication was made by Septimius Worod as the duumviri of Palmyra, an office occupied by Worod between 263 and 264.", "Job satisfaction __knowledge__ Job satisfaction or employee satisfaction has been defined in many different ways.", "Job satisfaction __knowledge__ Some believe it is simply how content an individual is with his or her job, in other words, whether or not they like the job or individual aspects or facets of jobs, such as nature of work or supervision.", "Job satisfaction __knowledge__ Others believe it is not as simplistic as this definition suggests and instead that multidimensional psychological responses to one's job are involved.", "Job satisfaction __knowledge__ Researchers have also noted that job satisfaction measures vary in the extent to which they measure feelings about the job (affective job satisfaction).", "Job satisfaction __knowledge__ or cognitions about the job (cognitive job satisfaction).", "Zenobia __knowledge__ Septimia Zenobia (Palmyrene: (Btzby), pronounced Bat-Zabbai; AD 240–c.274) was a third-century queen of the Syria-based Palmyrene Empire.", "Zenobia __knowledge__ Many legends surround her ancestry; she was born to a noble Palmyrene family and married the ruler of the city, Odaenathus.", "Zenobia __knowledge__ Her husband became king in 260, elevating Palmyra to supreme power in the Near East by defeating the Sassanians and stabilizing the Roman East.", "Zenobia __knowledge__ After Odaenathus' assassination, Zenobia became the regent of her son Vaballathus and held \"de facto\" power throughout his reign.", "Zenobia __knowledge__ In 270, Zenobia launched an invasion which brought most of the Roman East under her sway and culminated with the annexation of Egypt.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism.", "Campuses of the University of Nottingham __knowledge__ The University of Nottingham operates from four campuses in Nottinghamshire and from two overseas campuses, one in Ningbo, China and the other in Semenyih, Malaysia.", "Campuses of the University of Nottingham __knowledge__ The Ningbo campus was officially opened on 23 February 2005 by the then British Deputy Prime Minister, John Prescott, in the presence of Chinese education minister Zhou Ji and State Counsellor Chen Zhili.", "Campuses of the University of Nottingham __knowledge__ The Malaysia campus was the first purpose-built UK university campus in a foreign country and was officially opened by Najib Tun Razak on 26 September 2005.", "Campuses of the University of Nottingham __knowledge__ Najib Tun Razak, as well as being a Nottingham alumnus, was Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia at the time and has since become Prime Minister of Malaysia.", "University of Liverpool School of Veterinary Science __knowledge__ The University of Liverpool School of Veterinary Science was the first veterinary school in the United Kingdom to be incorporated into a University.", "University of Liverpool School of Veterinary Science __knowledge__ The school's teaching, treatment and research facilities on the main campus and at Leahurst on the Wirral Peninsula, approximately 12 miles outside Liverpool, are amongst the most advanced and innovative in the country.", "University of Liverpool School of Veterinary Science __knowledge__ The foundations for the vet school at Liverpool were laid in the early 1900s when William Owen Williams, principal of the now-defunct New Veterinary College in Edinburgh (not to be confused with the Royal (Dick) Vet School, with which it was in competition), was invited to transfer his institution to Liverpool.", "Royal Australian College of General Practitioners __knowledge__ The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP) is the professional body for general practitioners (GPs) in Australia.", "Royal Australian College of General Practitioners __knowledge__ The RACGP is responsible for maintaining standards for quality clinical practice, education and training, and research in Australian general practice.", "Royal Australian College of General Practitioners __knowledge__ The RACGP has the largest membership of any medical college in Australia, representing both urban and rural GPs.", "Royal Australian College of General Practitioners __knowledge__ The RACGP vision is for a 'Healthy Profession, Healthy Australia'.", "Royal Australian College of General Practitioners __knowledge__ The organisational mission is to improve the health and wellbeing of all people in Australia by supporting GPs, general practice registrars and medical students through its principle activities of education, training and research, and by assessing doctors' skills and knowledge, offering ongoing professional development activities, developing resources and guidelines, advocating for GPs on issues that affect their practice, and developing standards that general practices use to ensure high quality healthcare.", "Animal science __knowledge__ Animal Science (also Animal Bioscience) is described as \"studying the biology of animals that are under the control of humankind.\"", "Animal science __knowledge__ It can also be described as the production and management of farm animals.", "Animal science __knowledge__ Historically, the degree was called animal husbandry and the animals studied were livestock species, like cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry, and horses.", "Animal science __knowledge__ Today, courses available now look at a far broader area to include companion animals like dogs and cats, and many exotic species.", "Animal science __knowledge__ Degrees in Animal Science are offered at a number of colleges and universities.", "Animal science __knowledge__ Typically, the Animal Science curriculum not only provides a strong science background, but also hands-on experience working with animals on campus-based farms.", "Hooghly Chinsurah Municipality __knowledge__ Hooghly Chinsurah Municipality is the civic body that governs the twin town Hugli-Chuchura, Chinsurah, Hooghly, Bandel, a part of Sahaganj and surrounding areas in Chinsurah subdivision of Hooghly district, West Bengal, India.", "Hooghly Chinsurah Municipality __knowledge__ Hooghly Chinsurah Municipality was established in 1865.", "Hooghly Chinsurah Municipality __knowledge__ It was formed by the amalgamation of the Hooghly and Chinsurah towns, primarily with the objective of local governance and tax collection.", "Hooghly Chinsurah Municipality __knowledge__ Cockrell was its first Chairman and G.S.Park its first vice chairman.", "Hooghly Chinsurah Municipality __knowledge__ As the ancient port city of Satgaon declined, Hooghly was founded by the Portuguese in 1537.", "Hooghly Chinsurah Municipality __knowledge__ It was later acquired by the British.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of all 90 television episodes from the British television series \"All Creatures Great and Small\".", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ Dates shown are original broadcast dates on BBC One.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The core quartet of characters — James Herriot, Siegfried Farnon, Tristan Farnon and Helen Herriot (née Alderson) — appear, unless otherwise stated.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ James and Siegfried are the only two characters to appear in every episode.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ Tristan appears in 65 episodes, Helen in 87.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The final appearances of regular cast members are also noted.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The opening credits, filmed in 1977 for the first three series, feature Siegfried and James driving around the Dales and, at one point, sharing a laugh in the car." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ A veterinary physician, usually called a vet, which is shortened from veterinarian (American English, Australian English) or veterinary surgeon (British English), is a professional who practices veterinary medicine by treating diseases, disorders, and injuries in animals.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many countries, the local nomenclature for a veterinarian is a regulated and protected term, meaning that members of the public without the prerequisite qualifications and/or licensure are not able to use the title.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ In many cases, the activities that may be undertaken by a veterinarian (such as treatment of illness or surgery in animals) are restricted only to those professionals who are registered as a veterinarian.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ For instance, in the United Kingdom, as in other jurisdictions, animal treatment may only be performed by registered veterinary physicians (with a few designated exceptions, such as paraveterinary workers), and it is illegal for any person who is not registered to call themselves a veterinarian or prescribe any treatment.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ Most veterinary physicians work in clinical settings, treating animals directly.", "Veterinary physician __knowledge__ These veterinarians may be involved in a general practice, treating animals of all types; they may be specialized in a specific group of animals such as companion animals, livestock, zoo animals or equines; or may specialize in a narrow medical discipline such as surgery, dermatology or internal medicine .", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ This is a listing of significant characters in Charlaine Harris's \"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\" / Sookie Stackhouse novels only.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ HBO created a television series called \"True Blood\" based on the novels.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ Sookie is the main character of \"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\", and resides in the fictional town of Bon Temps, in rural, northern Louisiana.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ In the first novel, \"Dead Until Dark\", she describes herself as being 25 years old, with blond hair and blue eyes.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ She also states: “my legs are strong and my bosom is substantial, and I have a waspy waistline”.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ She is written to wear a ladies size 8-10, most of the time a 10.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 2017, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ All characters are introduced by the show's executive producer Sean O'Connor or, from 27 November, his successor as executive consultant, John Yorke.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The first character to be introduced was Keegan Baker (Zack Morris), a friend of Shakil Kazemi (Shaheen Jafargholi), followed by Emerald Fox (Doña Croll), the mother of Denise Fox (Diane Parish) and Kim Fox-Hubbard (Tameka Empson).", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ Madison Drake (Seraphina Beh), Alexandra D'Costa (Sydney Craven) and Travis Law-Hughes (Alex James-Phelps), three new teenage characters, were also introduced in January as well as their school teacher Mr Gethin Pryce (Cerith Flinn) and Hugo Browning (Simon Williams), the chairman of Weyland & Co.", "Job satisfaction __knowledge__ Job satisfaction or employee satisfaction has been defined in many different ways.", "Job satisfaction __knowledge__ Some believe it is simply how content an individual is with his or her job, in other words, whether or not they like the job or individual aspects or facets of jobs, such as nature of work or supervision.", "Job satisfaction __knowledge__ Others believe it is not as simplistic as this definition suggests and instead that multidimensional psychological responses to one's job are involved.", "Job satisfaction __knowledge__ Researchers have also noted that job satisfaction measures vary in the extent to which they measure feelings about the job (affective job satisfaction).", "Job satisfaction __knowledge__ or cognitions about the job (cognitive job satisfaction).", "Core self-evaluations __knowledge__ Core self-evaluations (CSE) represent a stable personality trait which encompasses an individual's subconscious, fundamental evaluations about themselves, their own abilities and their own control.", "Core self-evaluations __knowledge__ People who have high core self-evaluations will think positively of themselves and be confident in their own abilities.", "Core self-evaluations __knowledge__ Conversely, people with low core self-evaluations will have a negative appraisal of themselves and will lack confidence.", "Core self-evaluations __knowledge__ The concept of core self-evaluations was first examined by Judge, Locke, and Durham (1997) and involves four personality dimensions: locus of control, neuroticism, generalized self-efficacy, and self-esteem.", "Affective events theory __knowledge__ Affective events theory (AET) is a model developed by organizational psychologists Howard M. Weiss (Georgia Institute of Technology) and Russell Cropanzano (University of Colorado) to explain how emotions and moods influence job performance and job satisfaction.", "Affective events theory __knowledge__ The model explains the linkages between employees' internal influences (e.g., cognitions, emotions, mental states) and their reactions to incidents that occur in their work environment that affect their performance, organizational commitment, and job satisfaction.", "Affective events theory __knowledge__ The theory proposes that affective work behaviors are explained by employee mood and emotions, while cognitive-based behaviors are the best predictors of job satisfaction.", "Telecommuting __knowledge__ Telecommuting, also called remote work, telework, work from home, or teleworking, is a work arrangement in which employees do not commute or travel (e.g.", "Telecommuting __knowledge__ by bus or car) to a central place of work, such as an office building, warehouse, or store.", "Telecommuting __knowledge__ Teleworkers in the 21st century often use mobile telecommunications technology such as Wi-Fi-equipped laptop or tablet computers and smartphones to work from coffee shops; others may use a desktop computer and a landline phone at their home.", "Telecommuting __knowledge__ According to a Reuters poll, approximately \"one in five workers around the globe, particularly employees in the Middle East, Latin America and Asia, telecommute frequently and nearly 10 percent work from home every day.\"", "Happiness at work __knowledge__ Despite a large body of positive psychological research into the relationship between happiness and productivity, happiness at work has traditionally been seen as a potential by-product of positive outcomes at work, rather than a pathway to business success.", "Happiness at work __knowledge__ Maintaining a level of happiness at work has become more significant and relevant due to the intensification of work caused by economic uncertainty and increase in competition.", "Happiness at work __knowledge__ Nowadays, it is viewed by a growing number of scholars and senior executives as one of the major sources of positive outcomes in the workplace.", "Happiness at work __knowledge__ Ryan and Deci offer a definition for happiness in two views: happiness as being hedonic accompanied with enjoyable feelings and desirable judgments and they define happiness as being eudemonic, which involves doing virtuous, moral and meaningful things.", "Organizational commitment __knowledge__ In organizational behavior and industrial and organizational psychology, organizational commitment is the individual's psychological attachment to the organization.", "Organizational commitment __knowledge__ The basis behind many of these studies was to find ways to improve how workers feel about their jobs so that these workers would become more committed to their organizations.", "Organizational commitment __knowledge__ Organizational commitment predicts work variables such as turnover, organizational citizenship behavior, and job performance.", "Organizational commitment __knowledge__ Some of the factors such as role stress, empowerment, job insecurity and employability, and distribution of leadership have been shown to be connected to a worker's sense of organizational commitment.", "Organizational orientations __knowledge__ Organizational orientation is defined as an individual's predisposition toward work, motivation to work, job satisfaction, and ways of dealing with peers, subordinates, and supervisors on the job (Papa 2008).", "Organizational orientations __knowledge__ It can also be referred to the different ways people approach their roles in an organization and the different approaches people have toward work and the place of work in their lives (organizational orientations).", "Organizational orientations __knowledge__ Three organizational orientations have been identified as, upward mobile, indifferent, and ambivalent (Goodboy 2007).", "Organizational orientations __knowledge__ These three types of orientations are associated with organizational communication behavior and organizational outcomes such as employee job satisfaction and motivation." ] ]

[ 5, 6, 25, 6 ]

[ "A lot of them work in clinicial settings - my daughter would like to be one.", "Probably undergrad in animal science and then vet school. Probably general practice to treat all types of animals.", "Around 80k I think initially, but job satisfaction can be defined in many different ways, although that's a big one.", "It may be a bit too emotional for me, but there are specialties that focus on things like dermatology." ]

[ "Veterinary physician", "Veterinary physician", "Veterinary physician", "Veterinary physician" ]

[ "Blue", "Blue is an awesome color. It's associated with baby boys, right?", "how wide is the spectrum of color? Is it infinite?", "Wow. I love all the colors of the rainbow" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Awesome Color __knowledge__ Awesome Color was a musical trio formed in Brooklyn in 2004.", "Awesome Color __knowledge__ They disbanded in 2010.", "Awesome Color __knowledge__ The band was formed by Michigan natives Michael Troutman (aka Michael Awesome), Allison Busch (aka Allison Awesome), and Derek Stanton (aka Derek Awesome) in Brooklyn, New York, in 2004.", "Awesome Color __knowledge__ Inspired by Detroit garage rock, they came to the attention of Thurston Moore, who signed the band to his Ecstatic Peace label.", "Awesome Color __knowledge__ They released a self-titled debut album in 2006, which was followed by a second album, \"Electric Aborigines\" in 2008, both released by Ecstatic Peace.", "Awesome Color __knowledge__ (Vinyl editions for both albums were released by American Dust.)", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ This page lists past lineups for all past UK and US All Tomorrow's Parties music festivals, as well as other festivals the ATP organisation has been involved with such as the Pitchfork Music Festival and Primavera Sound.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ Unlike most music festivals, ATP lineups are chosen by a curator, usually an artist or musician.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ 7-8-9/4/2000.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ Lineup: ...And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead, Alfie, Aphex Twin, Arab Strap, Bardo Pond, Bobby Gillespie's Hair, Clinic, Ganger, Godspeed You!", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ Black Emperor, Gorky's Zygotic Mynci, Hood, Labradford + Pan American, Laika, Ligament, Mice Parade, Mogwai, Motor Life Co., Pan American, Plaid, Plone, Pram, Radar Bros., Scott 4, Shellac, Sigur Rós, Snow Patrol, Sonic Youth, Sophia, Stereolab, Super Furry Animals, Tarwater, Ten Benson, The Delgados, The For Carnation, The High Llamas, Two Dollar Guitar, Wire 6-7-8/4/2001.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ Azure ( ) is a variation of blue that is often described as the color of the sky on a clear day.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ On the , \"azure\" (color #007FFF) is defined as the color at 210 degrees, i.e., the hue halfway between blue and cyan.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ In the RGB color model, used to create all the colors on a television or computer screen, azure is created by adding a little green light to blue light.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ The complementary color of azure is orange.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ In the X11 color system which became a standard for early web colors, azure is depicted as a pale cyan.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ The color azure ultimately takes its name from the intense blue mineral lapis lazuli. '", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color psychology is the study of hues as a determinant of human behavior.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color influences perceptions that are not obvious, such as the taste of food.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colours can also enhance the effectiveness of placebos.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For example, red or orange pills are generally used as stimulants.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colour can indeed influence a person; however, it is important to remember that these effects differ between people.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Factors such as gender, age, and culture can influence how an individual perceives color.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For instance, heterosexual men tend to report that red outfits enhance female attractiveness, while heterosexual females deny any outfit color impacting that of men.", "Shades of pink __knowledge__ This article is about notable tints and shades of the color pink.", "Shades of pink __knowledge__ These various colors are shown below.", "Shades of pink __knowledge__ At right is displayed the web color pink.", "Shades of pink __knowledge__ At right is displayed the web color light pink.", "Shades of pink __knowledge__ The name of the web color is written as \"lightpink\" (no space) in HTML for computer display.", "Shades of pink __knowledge__ Although this color is called \"light pink\", as can be ascertained by inspecting its hex code, it is actually a slightly deeper, not a lighter, tint of pink than the color pink itself.", "Shades of pink __knowledge__ A more accurate name for it in terms of traditional color nomenclature would therefore be \"medium light pink\".", "Shades of pink __knowledge__ At right is displayed the web color hot pink.", "Sandek __knowledge__ Sandek (Hebrew: סנדק, \"companion of child\") is the term for a person honored at a Jewish brit milah (circumcision) ceremony, traditionally either by holding the baby boy on the knees or thighs while the mohel performs the brit milah or by handing the baby to the mohel.", "Sandek __knowledge__ The origin of the term has been attributed to a derivation from the Greek \"sunteknos\" (syn meaning plus and tekno meaning child), which means \"companion of child.", "Sandek __knowledge__ The Rabbi Moses Isserles (Rema) recorded the practice of the sandek holding the baby on his thighs (Yoreh Dayah 265:11).", "Sandek __knowledge__ The Biur Hagra (YD 265:44) cites the Midrash Shochar Tov that explains that this is based on Psalms 35:10, which states \"All my bones shall say: ' who is like you?'\"", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the series \"The Awesomes\".", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Professor Dr. Jeremy \"Prock\" Awesome (voiced by Seth Meyers) - The son of Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Jeremy Awesome is the young new leader of the Awesomes.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Known as Prock (a portmanteau of Professor and Doctor, since Prock has a JD and an MD) he has always wanted to be a superhero like his father, Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Prock disappointingly doesn't have any of his father's impressive physical powers: indeed, he is unimposing and injury-prone.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ However, he's the smartest on the team and a natural leader: in a crisis he comes up with excellent plans and assigns jobs to everyone on the team.", "Primary Colours (Eddy Current Suppression Ring album) __knowledge__ Primary Colours is the second album by Australian garage punk band Eddy Current Suppression Ring.", "Primary Colours (Eddy Current Suppression Ring album) __knowledge__ The album was recorded in a suburb of Melbourne over a 24-hour period in August 2007.", "Primary Colours (Eddy Current Suppression Ring album) __knowledge__ The album was first released on Aarght!", "Primary Colours (Eddy Current Suppression Ring album) __knowledge__ Records in Australia only on 5 May 2008, then on 9 September 2008 on Goner Records in the United States, and finally in the United Kingdom on Melodic Records on 17 August 2009.", "Primary Colours (Eddy Current Suppression Ring album) __knowledge__ \"Which Way to Go\" was the only single released from \"Primary Colours\".", "Primary Colours (Eddy Current Suppression Ring album) __knowledge__ \"Primary Colours\" peaked at No.", "Primary Colours (Eddy Current Suppression Ring album) __knowledge__ 13 on the ARIA Hitseekers Chart in June 2008.", "Primary Colours (Eddy Current Suppression Ring album) __knowledge__ It received generally positive reviews from critics, who praised the album's minimalistic sound and warm, personable lyrics.", "Evolution of human colour vision __knowledge__ Evolution of human colour vision over time: humans (\"homo sapiens\") have developed a trichromatic view of the world in comparison to a majority of other mammals that only see the world from a dichromatic view.", "Evolution of human colour vision __knowledge__ Early human ancestors are believed to have viewed the world using UV vision as far back as 90 million years ago.", "Evolution of human colour vision __knowledge__ It is thought that the shift to trichromatic vision capabilities and the ability to see blue light have evolved as an adaptive trait over time.", "Evolution of human colour vision __knowledge__ It is believed that due to a number of environmental factors, ancestral humans lived with limited colour vision.", "Evolution of human colour vision __knowledge__ This is believed to have also been influenced by life styles, including being predominantly nocturnal.", "Holi __knowledge__ Holi (; \"Holī\") is a Hindu spring festival celebrated in the Indian subcontinent, also known as the \"festival of colours\" or the \"festival of love\".", "Holi __knowledge__ The festival signifies the victory of good over evil, the arrival of spring, end of winter, and for many a festive day to meet others, play and laugh, forget and forgive, and repair broken relationships.", "Holi __knowledge__ It is also celebrated as a thanksgiving for a good harvest.", "Holi __knowledge__ It lasts for a night and a day, starting on the evening of the Purnima (Full Moon day) falling in the Vikram Samvat Hindu Calendar month of Phalguna, which falls somewhere between the end of February and the middle of March in the Gregorian calendar.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "Indigo __knowledge__ Indigo is a deep and rich color close to the color wheel blue (a primary color in the RGB color space), as well as to some variants of ultramarine.", "Indigo __knowledge__ It is traditionally regarded as a color in the visible spectrum, as well as one of the seven colors of the rainbow: the color between blue and violet; however, sources differ as to its actual position in the electromagnetic spectrum.", "Indigo __knowledge__ The color indigo is named after the indigo dye derived from the plant \"Indigofera tinctoria\" and related species.", "Indigo __knowledge__ The first known recorded use of indigo as a color name in English was in 1289.", "Indigo __knowledge__ Species of \"Indigofera\" were cultivated in East Asia, Egypt, India, and Peru in antiquity.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red.", "Purple __knowledge__ It is similar to violet, but unlike violet, which is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light, purple is a composite color made by combining red and blue.", "Purple __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the U.S., purple is the color most often associated with royalty, magic, mystery and piety.", "Purple __knowledge__ When combined with pink, it is associated with eroticism, femininity and seduction.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Fourier optics __knowledge__ Fourier optics is the study of classical optics using Fourier transforms (FTs), in which the wave is regarded as a superposition of plane waves that are not related to \"any\" identifiable sources; instead they are the natural modes of the propagation medium itself.", "Fourier optics __knowledge__ Fourier optics can be seen as the dual of the Huygens–Fresnel principle, in which the wave is regarded as a superposition of expanding spherical waves which radiate outward from actual (physically identifiable) current sources via a Green's function relationship (see Double-slit experiment).", "Fourier optics __knowledge__ A curved phasefront may be synthesized from an infinite number of these \"natural modes\" i.e., from plane wave phasefronts oriented in different directions in space.", "Color vision __knowledge__ Color vision is the ability of an organism or machine to distinguish objects based on the wavelengths (or frequencies) of the light they reflect, emit, or transmit.", "Color vision __knowledge__ Colors can be measured and quantified in various ways; indeed, a person's perception of colors is a subjective process whereby the brain responds to the stimuli that are produced when incoming light reacts with the several types of cone cells in the eye.", "Color vision __knowledge__ In essence, different people see the same illuminated object or light source in different ways.", "Color vision __knowledge__ Isaac Newton discovered that white light, after being split into its component colours when passed through a dispersive prism, could, by passing them through a different prism, be recombined to make white light.", "Hilbert space __knowledge__ The mathematical concept of a Hilbert space, named after David Hilbert, generalizes the notion of Euclidean space.", "Hilbert space __knowledge__ It extends the methods of vector algebra and calculus from the two-dimensional Euclidean plane and three-dimensional space to spaces with any finite or infinite number of dimensions.", "Hilbert space __knowledge__ A Hilbert space is an abstract vector space possessing the structure of an inner product that allows length and angle to be measured.", "Hilbert space __knowledge__ Furthermore, Hilbert spaces are complete: there are enough limits in the space to allow the techniques of calculus to be used.", "Hilbert space __knowledge__ Hilbert spaces arise naturally and frequently in mathematics and physics, typically as infinite-dimensional function spaces.", "On Vision and Colors __knowledge__ On Vision and Colors () is a treatise by Arthur Schopenhauer that was published in May 1816 when the author was 28 years old.", "On Vision and Colors __knowledge__ Schopenhauer had extensive discussions with Johann Wolfgang von Goethe about the poet's \"Theory of Colours\" of 1810, in the months around the turn of the years 1813 and 1814, and basically shared Goethe's views.", "On Vision and Colors __knowledge__ Schopenhauer tried to demonstrate physiologically that color is \"specially modified activity of the retina.\"", "On Vision and Colors __knowledge__ The initial basis for Schopenhauer's color theory comes from Goethe's chapter on physiological colors, which discusses three principal pairs of contrasting colors: red/green, orange/blue, and yellow/violet.", "Spectral density __knowledge__ The power spectrum formula_1 of a time series formula_2 describes the distribution of power into frequency components composing that signal.", "Spectral density __knowledge__ According to Fourier analysis any physical signal can be decomposed into a number of discrete frequencies, or a spectrum of frequencies over a continuous range.", "Spectral density __knowledge__ The statistical average of a certain signal or sort of signal (including noise) as analyzed in terms of its frequency content, is called its spectrum.", "Spectral density __knowledge__ When the energy of the signal is concentrated around a finite time interval, especially if its total energy is finite, one may compute the energy spectral density.", "BioShock Infinite __knowledge__ BioShock Infinite is a first-person shooter video game developed by Irrational Games and published by 2K Games.", "BioShock Infinite __knowledge__ It was released worldwide for the Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, and Xbox 360 platforms on March 26, 2013; an OS X port by Aspyr was later released on August 29, 2013 and a Linux port was released on March 17, 2015.", "BioShock Infinite __knowledge__ \"Infinite\" is the third installment in the \"BioShock\" series, and though it is not immediately part of the storyline of previous \"BioShock\" games, it features similar gameplay concepts and themes.", "BioShock Infinite __knowledge__ Irrational Games and creative director Ken Levine based the game's setting on historical events at the turn of the 20th century, such as the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition, and based the story on the concept of American exceptionalism, while also incorporating influences from more recent events at the time such as the 2011 Occupy movement.", "Infinity __knowledge__ Infinity (symbol: ) is a concept describing something \"without any bound\" or \"larger than any natural number\".", "Infinity __knowledge__ Philosophers have speculated about the nature of the infinite, for example Zeno of Elea, who proposed many paradoxes involving infinity, and Eudoxus of Cnidus, who used the idea of infinitely small quantities in his method of exhaustion.", "Infinity __knowledge__ Modern mathematics uses the general concept of infinity in the solution of many practical and theoretical problems, such as in calculus and set theory, and the idea also is used in physics and the other sciences.", "Infinity __knowledge__ In mathematics, \"infinity\" is often treated as a number (i.e., it counts or measures things: \"an infinite number of terms\") but it is not the same sort of number as either a natural or a real number.", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ Star Sapphire is the name of several fictional characters in DC Comics; many of them are villainous, and all connected in origin.", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ Within DC continuity, an immortal race of warrior women (the Zamarons) were depicted as having the ancient tradition of choosing physically identical mortals from across the cosmos to serve as the host body for their queen.", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ The woman chosen to serve this queen is called \"Star Sapphire\".", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ She is given the queen's symbolic weapon; a crystal resembling an actual star sapphire that grants the user powers similar to the power ring of Green Lanterns.", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ In the 2000s the term came to refer to the Star Sapphires, an organization whose members in part include women previously depicted as the singular Star Sapphire in DC titles.", "Violet (color) __knowledge__ Violet is the color at the end of the visible spectrum of light between blue and the invisible ultraviolet.", "Violet (color) __knowledge__ Violet color has a dominant wavelength of approximately 380-450 nanometers.", "Violet (color) __knowledge__ Light with a shorter wavelength than violet but longer than X-rays and gamma rays is called ultraviolet.", "Violet (color) __knowledge__ In the color wheel historically used by painters, it is located between blue and purple.", "Violet (color) __knowledge__ On the screens of computer monitors and television sets, a color which looks similar to violet is made, with the RGB color model, by mixing red and blue light, with the blue twice as bright as the red.", "Violet (color) __knowledge__ This is not true violet, since it is composed of multiple longer wavelengths rather than a single wavelength shorter than that of blue light.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red.", "Purple __knowledge__ It is similar to violet, but unlike violet, which is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light, purple is a composite color made by combining red and blue.", "Purple __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the U.S., purple is the color most often associated with royalty, magic, mystery and piety.", "Purple __knowledge__ When combined with pink, it is associated with eroticism, femininity and seduction.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops.", "Theory of Colours __knowledge__ Theory of Colours (German: \"Zur Farbenlehre\") is a book by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe about the poet's views on the nature of colours and how these are perceived by humans.", "Theory of Colours __knowledge__ It was published in German in 1810 and in English in 1840.", "Theory of Colours __knowledge__ The books contains detailed descriptions of phenomena such as coloured shadows, refraction, and chromatic aberration.", "Theory of Colours __knowledge__ The work originated in Goethe's occupation with painting and mainly exerted an influence on the arts (Philipp Otto Runge, J. M. W. Turner, the Pre-Raphaelites, Wassily Kandinsky).", "Theory of Colours __knowledge__ The book is a successor to two short essays entitled \"Contributions to Optics\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Rainbow Brite __knowledge__ Rainbow Brite, also known in Japan as , is a media franchise by Hallmark Cards, introduced in 1983.", "Rainbow Brite __knowledge__ The animated television series of the same name first aired in 1984, the same year Hallmark licensed Rainbow Brite to Mattel for a range of dolls and other merchandise.", "Rainbow Brite __knowledge__ A theatrical feature-length film, \"Rainbow Brite and the Star Stealer\", was released by Warner Bros. in 1985.", "Rainbow Brite __knowledge__ The franchise was rebooted in 1996, 2003, 2009, and then again in 2014 through Hallmark's online on-demand streaming video service, Feeln.", "Rainbow Brite __knowledge__ 2015 also saw with it a line of new merchandise sold only by Hallmark online and in its shops.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ A rainbow is a meteorological phenomenon that is caused by reflection, refraction and dispersion of light in water droplets resulting in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ It takes the form of a multicoloured circular arc.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ Rainbows caused by sunlight always appear in the section of sky directly opposite the sun.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ Rainbows can be full circles.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ However, the observer normally sees only an arc formed by illuminated droplets above the ground, and centered on a line from the sun to the observer's eye.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ In a primary rainbow, the arc shows red on the outer part and violet on the inner side.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ This rainbow is caused by light being refracted when entering a droplet of water, then reflected inside on the back of the droplet and refracted again when leaving it.", "Dominant wavelength __knowledge__ In color science, the dominant wavelength (and the corresponding complementary wavelength) are ways of characterizing any light mixture in terms of the monochromatic spectral light that evokes an identical (and the corresponding opposite) perception of hue.", "Dominant wavelength __knowledge__ For a given physical light mixture, the dominant and complementary wavelengths are not entirely fixed, but vary according to the illuminating light's precise color, called the white point, due to the color constancy of vision.", "Dominant wavelength __knowledge__ On the CIE color coordinate space , a straight line drawn between the point for a given color and the point for the color of the illuminant can be extrapolated out so that it intersects the perimeter of the space in two points.", "Color __knowledge__ Color (American English) or colour (Commonwealth English) is the characteristic of human visual perception described through color \"categories\", with names such as red, blue, yellow, green, orange, or purple.", "Color __knowledge__ This perception of color derives from the stimulation of cone cells in the human eye by electromagnetic radiation in the spectrum of light.", "Color __knowledge__ Color categories and physical specifications of color are associated with objects through the wavelength of the light that is reflected from them.", "Color __knowledge__ This reflection is governed by the object's physical properties such as light absorption, emission spectra, etc.", "Delay line memory __knowledge__ Delay line memory is a form of computer memory, now obsolete, that was used on some of the earliest digital computers.", "Delay line memory __knowledge__ Like many modern forms of electronic computer memory, delay line memory was a refreshable memory, but as opposed to modern random-access memory, delay line memory was sequential-access.", "Delay line memory __knowledge__ Analog delay line technology had been used since the 1920s to delay the propagation of analog signals.", "Delay line memory __knowledge__ When a delay line is used as a memory device, an amplifier and a pulse shaper are connected between the output of the delay line and the input.", "Delay line memory __knowledge__ These devices recirculate the signals from the output back into the input, creating a loop that maintains the signal as long as power is applied.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Yellow is the color between green and orange on the spectrum of visible light.", "Yellow __knowledge__ It is evoked by light with a dominant wavelength of roughly 570590 nm.", "Yellow __knowledge__ It is a primary color in subtractive color systems, used in painting or color printing.", "Yellow __knowledge__ In the RGB color model, used to create colors on television and computer screens, yellow is a secondary color made by combining red and green at equal intensity.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Carotenoids give the characteristic yellow color to autumn leaves, corn, canaries, daffodils, and lemons, as well as egg yolks, buttercups, and bananas.", "Yellow __knowledge__ They absorb light energy and protect plants from photodamage.", "Hue __knowledge__ Hue is one of the main properties (called color appearance parameters) of a color, defined technically (in the CIECAM02 model), as \"the degree to which a stimulus can be described as similar to or different from stimuli that are described as red, green, blue, and yellow\", (which in certain theories of color vision are called unique hues).", "Hue __knowledge__ Hue can typically be represented quantitatively by single number, often corresponding to an angular position around a central or neutral point or axis on a colorspace coordinate diagram (such as a chromaticity diagram) or color wheel, or by its dominant wavelength or that of its complementary color." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 8 ]

[ "I love blue! Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments", "that is true, It lies between violet and green on the spectrum ", "No the dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres", "Same Blue has been an important colour in art i HAVE HEARD" ]

[ "Blue", "Blue", "Blue", "Blue" ]

[ "Overwatch (video game)\nOverwatch or fortnite which do you like better?", "That is so good. Fortnite has more heroes to choose from but yeah Overwatch has some too. Which hero is your favorite?", "Mei is really good and her character design is really clean. I have never played Overwatch or Fortnite but I really enjoy the concept of both and how popular they are.", "Not really for a game, Fortnite has more player base I would bet because it is free to play unlike Overwatch which you need to pay to play." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Overwatch is a team-based multiplayer online first-person shooter video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ It was released in May 2016 for Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" assigns players into two teams of six, with each player selecting from a roster of over 20 characters, known in-game as \"heroes\", each with a unique style of play, whose roles are divided into four general categories: Offense, Defense, Tank, and Support.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players on a team work together to secure and defend control points on a map or escort a payload across the map in a limited amount of time.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players gain cosmetic rewards that do not affect gameplay, such as character skins and victory poses, as they play the game.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ The game was initially launched with casual play, with a competitive ranked mode, various 'arcade' game modes, and a player-customizable server browser subsequently included following its release.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Additionally, Blizzard has developed and added new characters, maps, and game modes post-release, while stating that all \"Overwatch\" updates will remain free, with the only additional cost to players being microtransactions to earn additional cosmetic rewards.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" is Blizzard's fourth major franchise and came about following the 2014 cancellation of the ambitious massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"Titan\".", "Fortnite __knowledge__ Fortnite is a co-op sandbox survival video game developed by Epic Games and People Can Fly, the former also publishing the game.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ The game was released as a paid early access title for Microsoft Windows, macOS, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on July 25, 2017, with a full free-to-play release expected in 2018.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ \"Fortnite\" is set in contemporary Earth, where the sudden appearance of a worldwide storm causes 98% of the world's population to disappear, and zombie-like creatures rise to attack the remainder.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ Considered by Epic as a cross between \"Minecraft\" and \"Left 4 Dead\", \"Fortnite\" has up to four players cooperating on various missions on randomly-generated maps to collect resources, build fortifications around defensive objectives that are meant to help fight the storm and protect survivors, and construct weapons and traps to engage in combat with waves of these creatures that attempt to destroy the objectives.", "Characters of Overwatch __knowledge__ The team-based first person shooter video game \"Overwatch\", developed by Blizzard Entertainment and released in May 2016, features 26 playable characters (heroes) and a number of supporting characters as part of the game's narrative, which is told through animated media and digital comics outside of the game.", "Characters of Overwatch __knowledge__ The story of \"Overwatch\" takes place on Earth in the \"near future\" in the years after the \"Omnic Crisis,\" a period in which robots (called \"omnics\") rose up in rebellion worldwide, and the United Nations formed an elite group called Overwatch to combat them.", "Characters of Overwatch __knowledge__ Overwatch was disbanded years later under a cloud of suspicion, but its former members have returned to the fore in light of new threats to humanity.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" is a team-based first-person shooter developed by Blizzard Entertainment and released for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One in June 2016.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The game, while having several different play modes, generally features two teams of six players each, selecting pre-made heroes from the game's roster, to either attack or defend various objective points on the game's maps.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The game supports causal game modes as well as ranked competitive play.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ Since release, \"Overwatch\" has been both critically and financially successful, with a player base of 35 million players as of October 2017.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The development of \"Overwatch\" started in the fallout following Blizzard's decision to cancel continued development of the massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"Titan\" around 2013.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ Tracer (also known by her real name, Lena Oxton) is a player character appearing in the 2016 video game \"Overwatch\", a Blizzard Entertainment–developed first-person shooter, and its related animated and literary media.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ Tracer is from the \"Overwatch\" universe, but she was first introduced as a playable character in an April 2016 update for Blizzard's crossover multiplayer online battle arena game, \"Heroes of the Storm\", a month before \"Overwatch\"s official release.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ The character, who is of British origin, has been noted by video game outlets to be both peppy and energetic.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ In-game, Tracer is weak in terms of health but is highly mobile, making use of her teleportation and time traveling abilities.", "Overwatch animated media __knowledge__ Blizzard Entertainment released several computer-generated cinematic trailers and teasers, as well as animated shorts, to promote and develop the story for their 2016 first-person shooter video game, \"Overwatch\".", "Overwatch animated media __knowledge__ The shorts have been met with positive reception from fans and online publications alike.", "Overwatch animated media __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\"s animated media is interconnected, taking place in the same continuity.", "Overwatch animated media __knowledge__ Through this animated media, in conjunction with comics and fictional news reports, Blizzard developed the story of \"Overwatch\", rather than including it in the video game.", "Overwatch animated media __knowledge__ Within the video game, the story is instead \"hinted at through environments and character quips, with each individual personality reacting to the events of the battle in their own way,\" as Kirk McKeand of \"The Telegraph\" detailed.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ Blizzard Entertainment's 2016 video game \"Overwatch\" inspired a notable amount of fan-made pornography.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ The game's distinct and colorful character designs drew attention of a large number of online content creators, resulting in sexually explicit fanart.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ Character models were ripped from the beta versions of the game and subsequently spread, edited, and animated on the Internet.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ Short pornographic videos featuring official character models animated through Source Filmmaker are popular on websites such as Pornhub and YouPorn, and sexualized imagery is spread freely through Tumblr and Reddit.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" pornography usually consists of short pieces of video featuring characters such as Tracer, Widowmaker, and Mei." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Overwatch is a team-based multiplayer online first-person shooter video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ It was released in May 2016 for Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" assigns players into two teams of six, with each player selecting from a roster of over 20 characters, known in-game as \"heroes\", each with a unique style of play, whose roles are divided into four general categories: Offense, Defense, Tank, and Support.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players on a team work together to secure and defend control points on a map or escort a payload across the map in a limited amount of time.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players gain cosmetic rewards that do not affect gameplay, such as character skins and victory poses, as they play the game.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ The game was initially launched with casual play, with a competitive ranked mode, various 'arcade' game modes, and a player-customizable server browser subsequently included following its release.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Additionally, Blizzard has developed and added new characters, maps, and game modes post-release, while stating that all \"Overwatch\" updates will remain free, with the only additional cost to players being microtransactions to earn additional cosmetic rewards.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" is Blizzard's fourth major franchise and came about following the 2014 cancellation of the ambitious massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"Titan\".", "Characters of Overwatch __knowledge__ The team-based first person shooter video game \"Overwatch\", developed by Blizzard Entertainment and released in May 2016, features 26 playable characters (heroes) and a number of supporting characters as part of the game's narrative, which is told through animated media and digital comics outside of the game.", "Characters of Overwatch __knowledge__ The story of \"Overwatch\" takes place on Earth in the \"near future\" in the years after the \"Omnic Crisis,\" a period in which robots (called \"omnics\") rose up in rebellion worldwide, and the United Nations formed an elite group called Overwatch to combat them.", "Characters of Overwatch __knowledge__ Overwatch was disbanded years later under a cloud of suspicion, but its former members have returned to the fore in light of new threats to humanity.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ Fortnite is a co-op sandbox survival video game developed by Epic Games and People Can Fly, the former also publishing the game.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ The game was released as a paid early access title for Microsoft Windows, macOS, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on July 25, 2017, with a full free-to-play release expected in 2018.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ \"Fortnite\" is set in contemporary Earth, where the sudden appearance of a worldwide storm causes 98% of the world's population to disappear, and zombie-like creatures rise to attack the remainder.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ Considered by Epic as a cross between \"Minecraft\" and \"Left 4 Dead\", \"Fortnite\" has up to four players cooperating on various missions on randomly-generated maps to collect resources, build fortifications around defensive objectives that are meant to help fight the storm and protect survivors, and construct weapons and traps to engage in combat with waves of these creatures that attempt to destroy the objectives.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" is a team-based first-person shooter developed by Blizzard Entertainment and released for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One in June 2016.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The game, while having several different play modes, generally features two teams of six players each, selecting pre-made heroes from the game's roster, to either attack or defend various objective points on the game's maps.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The game supports causal game modes as well as ranked competitive play.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ Since release, \"Overwatch\" has been both critically and financially successful, with a player base of 35 million players as of October 2017.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The development of \"Overwatch\" started in the fallout following Blizzard's decision to cancel continued development of the massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"Titan\" around 2013.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ Tracer (also known by her real name, Lena Oxton) is a player character appearing in the 2016 video game \"Overwatch\", a Blizzard Entertainment–developed first-person shooter, and its related animated and literary media.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ Tracer is from the \"Overwatch\" universe, but she was first introduced as a playable character in an April 2016 update for Blizzard's crossover multiplayer online battle arena game, \"Heroes of the Storm\", a month before \"Overwatch\"s official release.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ The character, who is of British origin, has been noted by video game outlets to be both peppy and energetic.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ In-game, Tracer is weak in terms of health but is highly mobile, making use of her teleportation and time traveling abilities.", "Overwatch animated media __knowledge__ Blizzard Entertainment released several computer-generated cinematic trailers and teasers, as well as animated shorts, to promote and develop the story for their 2016 first-person shooter video game, \"Overwatch\".", "Overwatch animated media __knowledge__ The shorts have been met with positive reception from fans and online publications alike.", "Overwatch animated media __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\"s animated media is interconnected, taking place in the same continuity.", "Overwatch animated media __knowledge__ Through this animated media, in conjunction with comics and fictional news reports, Blizzard developed the story of \"Overwatch\", rather than including it in the video game.", "Overwatch animated media __knowledge__ Within the video game, the story is instead \"hinted at through environments and character quips, with each individual personality reacting to the events of the battle in their own way,\" as Kirk McKeand of \"The Telegraph\" detailed.", "Overwatch League __knowledge__ The Overwatch League (abbreviated as OWL) is a professional eSports league for the video game \"Overwatch\", developed by Blizzard Entertainment which also oversees the League.", "Overwatch League __knowledge__ The Overwatch League aims to follow the model of traditional North American professional sports, using a set of permanent teams and regular season play, rather than the use of promotion and relegation used commonly in other eSports leagues.", "Overwatch League __knowledge__ Each team franchise is backed by an owner, and players that are signed onto the team are assured a minimum annual salary, benefits, and a portion of winnings and revenue-sharing based on how that team performs in the season.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ Blizzard Entertainment's 2016 video game \"Overwatch\" inspired a notable amount of fan-made pornography.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ The game's distinct and colorful character designs drew attention of a large number of online content creators, resulting in sexually explicit fanart.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ Character models were ripped from the beta versions of the game and subsequently spread, edited, and animated on the Internet.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ Short pornographic videos featuring official character models animated through Source Filmmaker are popular on websites such as Pornhub and YouPorn, and sexualized imagery is spread freely through Tumblr and Reddit.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" pornography usually consists of short pieces of video featuring characters such as Tracer, Widowmaker, and Mei." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Overwatch is a team-based multiplayer online first-person shooter video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ It was released in May 2016 for Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" assigns players into two teams of six, with each player selecting from a roster of over 20 characters, known in-game as \"heroes\", each with a unique style of play, whose roles are divided into four general categories: Offense, Defense, Tank, and Support.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players on a team work together to secure and defend control points on a map or escort a payload across the map in a limited amount of time.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players gain cosmetic rewards that do not affect gameplay, such as character skins and victory poses, as they play the game.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ The game was initially launched with casual play, with a competitive ranked mode, various 'arcade' game modes, and a player-customizable server browser subsequently included following its release.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Additionally, Blizzard has developed and added new characters, maps, and game modes post-release, while stating that all \"Overwatch\" updates will remain free, with the only additional cost to players being microtransactions to earn additional cosmetic rewards.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" is Blizzard's fourth major franchise and came about following the 2014 cancellation of the ambitious massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"Titan\".", "Characters of Overwatch __knowledge__ The team-based first person shooter video game \"Overwatch\", developed by Blizzard Entertainment and released in May 2016, features 26 playable characters (heroes) and a number of supporting characters as part of the game's narrative, which is told through animated media and digital comics outside of the game.", "Characters of Overwatch __knowledge__ The story of \"Overwatch\" takes place on Earth in the \"near future\" in the years after the \"Omnic Crisis,\" a period in which robots (called \"omnics\") rose up in rebellion worldwide, and the United Nations formed an elite group called Overwatch to combat them.", "Characters of Overwatch __knowledge__ Overwatch was disbanded years later under a cloud of suspicion, but its former members have returned to the fore in light of new threats to humanity.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" is a team-based first-person shooter developed by Blizzard Entertainment and released for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One in June 2016.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The game, while having several different play modes, generally features two teams of six players each, selecting pre-made heroes from the game's roster, to either attack or defend various objective points on the game's maps.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The game supports causal game modes as well as ranked competitive play.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ Since release, \"Overwatch\" has been both critically and financially successful, with a player base of 35 million players as of October 2017.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The development of \"Overwatch\" started in the fallout following Blizzard's decision to cancel continued development of the massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"Titan\" around 2013.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ Tracer (also known by her real name, Lena Oxton) is a player character appearing in the 2016 video game \"Overwatch\", a Blizzard Entertainment–developed first-person shooter, and its related animated and literary media.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ Tracer is from the \"Overwatch\" universe, but she was first introduced as a playable character in an April 2016 update for Blizzard's crossover multiplayer online battle arena game, \"Heroes of the Storm\", a month before \"Overwatch\"s official release.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ The character, who is of British origin, has been noted by video game outlets to be both peppy and energetic.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ In-game, Tracer is weak in terms of health but is highly mobile, making use of her teleportation and time traveling abilities.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ Fortnite is a co-op sandbox survival video game developed by Epic Games and People Can Fly, the former also publishing the game.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ The game was released as a paid early access title for Microsoft Windows, macOS, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on July 25, 2017, with a full free-to-play release expected in 2018.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ \"Fortnite\" is set in contemporary Earth, where the sudden appearance of a worldwide storm causes 98% of the world's population to disappear, and zombie-like creatures rise to attack the remainder.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ Considered by Epic as a cross between \"Minecraft\" and \"Left 4 Dead\", \"Fortnite\" has up to four players cooperating on various missions on randomly-generated maps to collect resources, build fortifications around defensive objectives that are meant to help fight the storm and protect survivors, and construct weapons and traps to engage in combat with waves of these creatures that attempt to destroy the objectives.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ Blizzard Entertainment's 2016 video game \"Overwatch\" inspired a notable amount of fan-made pornography.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ The game's distinct and colorful character designs drew attention of a large number of online content creators, resulting in sexually explicit fanart.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ Character models were ripped from the beta versions of the game and subsequently spread, edited, and animated on the Internet.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ Short pornographic videos featuring official character models animated through Source Filmmaker are popular on websites such as Pornhub and YouPorn, and sexualized imagery is spread freely through Tumblr and Reddit.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" pornography usually consists of short pieces of video featuring characters such as Tracer, Widowmaker, and Mei.", "Overwatch animated media __knowledge__ Blizzard Entertainment released several computer-generated cinematic trailers and teasers, as well as animated shorts, to promote and develop the story for their 2016 first-person shooter video game, \"Overwatch\".", "Overwatch animated media __knowledge__ The shorts have been met with positive reception from fans and online publications alike.", "Overwatch animated media __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\"s animated media is interconnected, taking place in the same continuity.", "Overwatch animated media __knowledge__ Through this animated media, in conjunction with comics and fictional news reports, Blizzard developed the story of \"Overwatch\", rather than including it in the video game.", "Overwatch animated media __knowledge__ Within the video game, the story is instead \"hinted at through environments and character quips, with each individual personality reacting to the events of the battle in their own way,\" as Kirk McKeand of \"The Telegraph\" detailed.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ Miscegenation (; from the Latin \"miscere\" \"to mix\" + \"genus\" \"kind\") is the mixing of different racial groups through marriage, cohabitation, sexual relations, or procreation.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ Because of the term's historical use in contexts that typically implied disapproval, more unambiguously neutral terms such as \"interracial\", \"interethnic\", or \"cross-cultural\" are more common in contemporary usage.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ The term \"miscegenation\" has been used since the 19th century to refer to interracial marriage and interracial sexual relations, and more generally to the process of genetic admixture.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ Historically, the term has been used in the context of laws banning interracial marriage and sex, known as anti-miscegenation laws.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Jiuyin Zhenjing __knowledge__ The Jiuyin Zhenjing, also known as the \"Nine Yin Manual\", is a fictional martial arts manual in Jin Yong's \"Condor Trilogy\".", "Jiuyin Zhenjing __knowledge__ The manual is a compilation of numerous scrolls and ancient scriptures pertaining to psychic powers, healing techniques, martial arts classics and Taoist philosophy.", "Jiuyin Zhenjing __knowledge__ It was compiled by Huang Shang (黃裳) on the commission of Emperor Huizong during the Song Dynasty.", "Jiuyin Zhenjing __knowledge__ Huang's compendium became the first volume of the manual.", "Jiuyin Zhenjing __knowledge__ During the writing process, Huang enriched himself with Taoist knowledge and the principles of inner energy and \"qi\".", "Jiuyin Zhenjing __knowledge__ When combined with Huang's intelligence, the knowledge he acquired during the compilation turned him into a formidable martial artist.", "List of The X-Family characters __knowledge__ This is a character list of the Taiwanese television series \"The X-Family\", which was aired between August 8 and October 23, 2007.", "List of The X-Family characters __knowledge__ Full name: Xia Lan Xing De Xiong (夏蘭荇德‧雄).Blood status: Pure-blood.Age: 43 years old.Aura: Red.Position in the family: Mother of Xia Yu (夏宇), Xia Tian (夏天), and Xia Mei (夏美).Status: Alive.Fighting Points 11500+.Actress: Pauline Lan (藍心湄).", "List of The X-Family characters __knowledge__ Biography: As the sole bread winner in the family and owner of a truck company, she takes on the roles that traditionally belong to fathers and sons.", "List of The X-Family characters __knowledge__ Despite her tough exterior, she desires the closeness and comfort of a normal family life.", "Bak Mei __knowledge__ Bak Mei (; \"Bak Mei\" comes from the Cantonese pronunciation) is said to have been one of the legendary Five Elders — survivors of the destruction of the Shaolin Monastery by the Qing dynasty (1644–1912) — who, according to some accounts, betrayed Shaolin to the imperial government.", "Bak Mei __knowledge__ He shares his name with the South Chinese martial art attributed to him.", "Bak Mei __knowledge__ Bak Mei has been fictionalized in Hong Kong films such as \"Executioners from Shaolin\" (1977), \"Abbot of Shaolin\" (1979), and \"Clan of the White Lotus\" (1980).", "Bak Mei __knowledge__ Bak Mei is better known in the West as Pai Mei, played by Gordon Liu in the Hollywood film \"Kill Bill, Vol.", "Middle East Institute __knowledge__ The Middle East Institute (MEI) is a non-profit, non-partisan think tank and cultural center in Washington, D.C., founded in 1946.", "Middle East Institute __knowledge__ It seeks to “increase knowledge of the Middle East among the citizens of the United States and to promote a better understanding between the people of these two areas”.", "Middle East Institute __knowledge__ MEI fulfills this mission by: In 1946, architect George Camp Keiser felt strongly that the Middle East, a region he had traveled through before World War II, should be better understood in the United States, so he brought together a group of like-minded people to form the Middle East Institute in Washington, D.C. His colleagues on the original Board of Governors included Halford L. Hoskins, Director of the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS); Christian A. Herter, then congressman from Massachusetts and later Dwight Eisenhower's Secretary of State; Ambassador George V. Allen; Harold Glidden, Director of the Islamic Department at the Library of Congress; and Harvey P. Hall, the first Editor of the \"Middle East Journal\", professor at the American University of Beirut and Robert College.", "The Unholy Alliance (TV series) __knowledge__ The Unholy Alliance (; literally \"Alliance\") is an action crime-thriller television drama created by Jazz Boon and TVB.", "The Unholy Alliance (TV series) __knowledge__ Principal photography began in Hong Kong in September 2016, and continued in Taiwan in December 2016.", "The Unholy Alliance (TV series) __knowledge__ It premiered on TVB Jade on 7 August 2017, and ran for 28 episodes.", "The Unholy Alliance (TV series) __knowledge__ Boon has described \"The Unholy Alliance\" as a \"\"-style action thriller that features modern martial arts, including MMA, Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Krav Maga and gun fu.", "The Unholy Alliance (TV series) __knowledge__ It stars Nina Paw, Ruco Chan, Nancy Wu, Joel Chan, Elaine Yiu, Kwok Fung, Jimmy Au, KK Cheung, and Elena Kong.", "The Unholy Alliance (TV series) __knowledge__ \"The Unholy Alliance\" follows a modern Hong Kong crime family, led by the matriarch Ling Hung (Paw)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Overwatch is a team-based multiplayer online first-person shooter video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ It was released in May 2016 for Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" assigns players into two teams of six, with each player selecting from a roster of over 20 characters, known in-game as \"heroes\", each with a unique style of play, whose roles are divided into four general categories: Offense, Defense, Tank, and Support.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players on a team work together to secure and defend control points on a map or escort a payload across the map in a limited amount of time.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players gain cosmetic rewards that do not affect gameplay, such as character skins and victory poses, as they play the game.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ The game was initially launched with casual play, with a competitive ranked mode, various 'arcade' game modes, and a player-customizable server browser subsequently included following its release.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Additionally, Blizzard has developed and added new characters, maps, and game modes post-release, while stating that all \"Overwatch\" updates will remain free, with the only additional cost to players being microtransactions to earn additional cosmetic rewards.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" is Blizzard's fourth major franchise and came about following the 2014 cancellation of the ambitious massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"Titan\".", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" is a team-based first-person shooter developed by Blizzard Entertainment and released for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One in June 2016.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The game, while having several different play modes, generally features two teams of six players each, selecting pre-made heroes from the game's roster, to either attack or defend various objective points on the game's maps.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The game supports causal game modes as well as ranked competitive play.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ Since release, \"Overwatch\" has been both critically and financially successful, with a player base of 35 million players as of October 2017.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The development of \"Overwatch\" started in the fallout following Blizzard's decision to cancel continued development of the massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"Titan\" around 2013.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ Fortnite is a co-op sandbox survival video game developed by Epic Games and People Can Fly, the former also publishing the game.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ The game was released as a paid early access title for Microsoft Windows, macOS, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on July 25, 2017, with a full free-to-play release expected in 2018.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ \"Fortnite\" is set in contemporary Earth, where the sudden appearance of a worldwide storm causes 98% of the world's population to disappear, and zombie-like creatures rise to attack the remainder.", "Fortnite __knowledge__ Considered by Epic as a cross between \"Minecraft\" and \"Left 4 Dead\", \"Fortnite\" has up to four players cooperating on various missions on randomly-generated maps to collect resources, build fortifications around defensive objectives that are meant to help fight the storm and protect survivors, and construct weapons and traps to engage in combat with waves of these creatures that attempt to destroy the objectives.", "Characters of Overwatch __knowledge__ The team-based first person shooter video game \"Overwatch\", developed by Blizzard Entertainment and released in May 2016, features 26 playable characters (heroes) and a number of supporting characters as part of the game's narrative, which is told through animated media and digital comics outside of the game.", "Characters of Overwatch __knowledge__ The story of \"Overwatch\" takes place on Earth in the \"near future\" in the years after the \"Omnic Crisis,\" a period in which robots (called \"omnics\") rose up in rebellion worldwide, and the United Nations formed an elite group called Overwatch to combat them.", "Characters of Overwatch __knowledge__ Overwatch was disbanded years later under a cloud of suspicion, but its former members have returned to the fore in light of new threats to humanity.", "Loot box __knowledge__ In video games, a loot box (sometimes loot crate or prize crate, among other names) is a consumable virtual item which can be redeemed to receive a randomised selection of further virtual items, ranging from simple customization options for a player's avatar or character, to game-changing equipment such as weapons and armor.", "Loot box __knowledge__ A loot box is typically a form of monetisation, with players either buying the boxes directly or receiving the boxes during play and later buying \"keys\" with which to redeem them.", "Loot box __knowledge__ These systems may also be known as \"gacha\" (based on \"gashapon\" - capsule toys) and integrated into gacha games.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ Tracer (also known by her real name, Lena Oxton) is a player character appearing in the 2016 video game \"Overwatch\", a Blizzard Entertainment–developed first-person shooter, and its related animated and literary media.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ Tracer is from the \"Overwatch\" universe, but she was first introduced as a playable character in an April 2016 update for Blizzard's crossover multiplayer online battle arena game, \"Heroes of the Storm\", a month before \"Overwatch\"s official release.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ The character, who is of British origin, has been noted by video game outlets to be both peppy and energetic.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ In-game, Tracer is weak in terms of health but is highly mobile, making use of her teleportation and time traveling abilities.", "PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds __knowledge__ PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds (PUBG) is a multiplayer online battle royale game developed and published by PUBG Corporation, a subsidiary of Korean publisher Bluehole.", "PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds __knowledge__ The game is based on previous mods that were developed by Brendan \"PlayerUnknown\" Greene for other games using the 2000 film \"Battle Royale\" for inspiration, and expanded into a standalone game under Greene's creative direction.", "PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds __knowledge__ In the game, up to one hundred players parachute onto an island and scavenge for weapons and equipment to kill others while avoiding getting killed themselves.", "PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds __knowledge__ The available safe area of the game's map decreases in size over time, directing surviving players into tighter areas to force encounters.", "Overwatch League __knowledge__ The Overwatch League (abbreviated as OWL) is a professional eSports league for the video game \"Overwatch\", developed by Blizzard Entertainment which also oversees the League.", "Overwatch League __knowledge__ The Overwatch League aims to follow the model of traditional North American professional sports, using a set of permanent teams and regular season play, rather than the use of promotion and relegation used commonly in other eSports leagues.", "Overwatch League __knowledge__ Each team franchise is backed by an owner, and players that are signed onto the team are assured a minimum annual salary, benefits, and a portion of winnings and revenue-sharing based on how that team performs in the season.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ Blizzard Entertainment's 2016 video game \"Overwatch\" inspired a notable amount of fan-made pornography.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ The game's distinct and colorful character designs drew attention of a large number of online content creators, resulting in sexually explicit fanart.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ Character models were ripped from the beta versions of the game and subsequently spread, edited, and animated on the Internet.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ Short pornographic videos featuring official character models animated through Source Filmmaker are popular on websites such as Pornhub and YouPorn, and sexualized imagery is spread freely through Tumblr and Reddit.", "Overwatch and pornography __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" pornography usually consists of short pieces of video featuring characters such as Tracer, Widowmaker, and Mei." ] ]

[ 3, 0, 15, 7 ]

[ "Not sure. Probably Overwatch - I like that you're in teams and that you can choose from over 20 \"heroes\". ", "I like Mei best I think. It would be neat to be able to alter the weather!", "They are really popular - as of last year Overwatch's player base was 35 million. That's a lot of people!", "Isn't it only the microtransactions for more cosmetic rewards that you pay for? Don't remember - it's been a while!" ]

[ "Overwatch (video game)", "Overwatch (video game)", "Overwatch (video game)", "Overwatch (video game)" ]

[ "Community theatre", "Oh how cool that is where pretty much everything is done by local community right?", "So is community theatre mainly for enjoyment as opposed to profits?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre refers to theatrical performance made in relation to particular communities—its usage includes theatre made by, with, and for a community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It may refer to theatre that is made entirely by a community with no outside help, or to a collaboration between community members and professional theatre artists, or to performance made entirely by professionals that is addressed to a particular community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatres range in size from small groups led by single individuals that perform in borrowed spaces to large permanent companies with well-equipped facilities of their own.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Many community theatres are successful, non-profit businesses with a large active membership and, often, a full-time professional staff.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is often devised and may draw on popular theatrical forms, such as carnival, circus, and parades, as well as performance modes from commercial theatre.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is understood to contribute to the social capital of a community, insofar as it develops the skills, community spirit, and artistic sensibilities of those who participate, whether as producers or audience-members.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It is used as a tool for social development, promoting ideas like gender equality, human rights, environment and democracy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre refers to theatrical performance made in relation to particular communities—its usage includes theatre made by, with, and for a community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It may refer to theatre that is made entirely by a community with no outside help, or to a collaboration between community members and professional theatre artists, or to performance made entirely by professionals that is addressed to a particular community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatres range in size from small groups led by single individuals that perform in borrowed spaces to large permanent companies with well-equipped facilities of their own.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Many community theatres are successful, non-profit businesses with a large active membership and, often, a full-time professional staff.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is often devised and may draw on popular theatrical forms, such as carnival, circus, and parades, as well as performance modes from commercial theatre.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is understood to contribute to the social capital of a community, insofar as it develops the skills, community spirit, and artistic sensibilities of those who participate, whether as producers or audience-members.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It is used as a tool for social development, promoting ideas like gender equality, human rights, environment and democracy.", "Land reform in Scotland __knowledge__ Land Reform in Scotland is the ongoing process by which the ownership of land, its distribution and the law which governs it is modified, reformed and modernised by property and regulatory law.", "Land reform in Scotland __knowledge__ Scotland's land issues are rooted in two processes that happened in the 18th and 19th centuries, especially in the Scottish Highlands: The Crofters' Holdings (Scotland) Act 1886 intended to protect the farmers' rights, but it was too weak to have any effect.", "Land reform in Scotland __knowledge__ The Scotland land reform aims to balance the land-ownership situation by: In 1997 a Labour Government was elected to Westminster on a manifesto which included both devolution and land reform.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Radiosurgery (album) __knowledge__ Radiosurgery is the seventh studio album by American rock band New Found Glory.", "Radiosurgery (album) __knowledge__ It was first released on September 30, 2011 in Australia, before its wider release on October 4 through independent label Epitaph Records.", "Radiosurgery (album) __knowledge__ It is the band's final studio album to feature founding guitarist Steve Klein.", "Radiosurgery (album) __knowledge__ To follow up predecessor \"Not Without a Fight\" (2009), the band began writing new material during their stint on the 2010 Honda Civic Tour.", "Radiosurgery (album) __knowledge__ After self-producing a set of demos and contacting long-term record producer Neal Avron, the band went on to record the album in Avron's home recording studio over a period of three months in 2011.", "Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act __knowledge__ The Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986 is a United States federal law passed by the 99th United States Congress located at Title 42, Chapter 116 of the U.S. Code, concerned with emergency response preparedness.", "Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act __knowledge__ On October 17, 1986, President Ronald Reagan signed into law the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA).", "Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act __knowledge__ This act amended the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA), commonly known as Superfund.", "Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act __knowledge__ A free-standing law, the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986 (EPCRA) was commonly known as SARA Title III.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses, often abbreviated as GNR, is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1985.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ The lineup, when first signed to Geffen Records in 1986, consisted of vocalist Axl Rose, lead guitarist Slash, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin, bassist Duff McKagan, and drummer Steven Adler.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses has released six studio albums, accumulating sales of more than 100 million records worldwide, including 45 million in the United States, making them the 41st best-selling artist of all time.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses' debut album, \"Appetite for Destruction\" (1987), reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 a year after its release, on the strength of \"Sweet Child o' Mine\", the band's only single to reach number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Pretty Much Dead Already __knowledge__ \"Pretty Much Dead Already\" is the seventh episode and mid-season finale of the second season, and 13th episode overall of the post-apocalyptic horror television series \"The Walking Dead\".", "Pretty Much Dead Already __knowledge__ It originally aired on AMC in the United States on November 27, 2011.", "Pretty Much Dead Already __knowledge__ In the episode, Glenn (Steven Yeun) reveals to the group that there are walkers in the Greenes' barn, dividing the group on what to do.", "Pretty Much Dead Already __knowledge__ Hershel Greene (Scott Wilson) sets a deadline for the group to leave, unless Rick Grimes (Andrew Lincoln) does a difficult task.", "Pretty Much Dead Already __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Shane Walsh (Jon Bernthal) slowly loses his sanity after many secrets around him are revealed and Carol Peletier begins to question whether her daughter, Sophia will be found.", "Andrea Bocelli __knowledge__ Andrea Bocelli, (; born 22 September 1958) is an Italian singer, songwriter and record producer.", "Andrea Bocelli __knowledge__ Born with poor eyesight, Bocelli became completely blind at the age of 12, following a football accident.", "Andrea Bocelli __knowledge__ Bocelli has recorded fifteen solo studio albums, of both pop and classical music, three greatest hits albums, and nine complete operas, selling over 80 million records worldwide.", "Andrea Bocelli __knowledge__ He has had success as a crossover performer bringing classical music to the top of international pop charts.", "Andrea Bocelli __knowledge__ In 1998, Bocelli was named one of \"People\" 50 Most Beautiful People.", "Andrea Bocelli __knowledge__ In 1999, Bocelli was nominated for Best New Artist at the Grammy Awards.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre, also known as amateur dramatics, is theatre performed by amateur actors and singers.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre groups may stage plays, revues, musicals, light opera, pantomime or variety shows, and do so for the social activity as well as the artistic side.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Productions may take place in venues ranging from the open air, community centres or schools to independent or major professional theatres and can be simple light entertainment or demanding drama.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre is distinct from the professional or community theatre simply in that participants are not paid, although this is not always the case, even though the productions staged may be commercial ventures, either to fund further productions, to benefit the community, or for charity.", "Kalamazoo Civic Players __knowledge__ The Kalamazoo Civic Theatre is the third largest community theatre organization in the United States.", "Kalamazoo Civic Players __knowledge__ It is located in Kalamazoo county, Michigan.", "Kalamazoo Civic Players __knowledge__ The Kalamazoo Civic Players was established in 1929.", "Kalamazoo Civic Players __knowledge__ Founders of the theatre included Dorothy Dalton, Norman Carver Sr., Howard Chenery, Ruth Noble, Paul Fuller, Louise Carver, and Jean Huston.", "Kalamazoo Civic Players __knowledge__ Since then, the theater has continued to grow in popularity.", "Kalamazoo Civic Players __knowledge__ 1931 – The Players move into their permanent home at the South Street location.", "Kalamazoo Civic Players __knowledge__ The theatre was state of the art for the time.", "Kalamazoo Civic Players __knowledge__ Its elegant house and surrounding spaces added greatly to the performances within.", "Roanoke, Virginia __knowledge__ Roanoke is an independent city in the U.S. state of Virginia.", "Roanoke, Virginia __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the population was 97,032.", "Roanoke, Virginia __knowledge__ It is located in the Roanoke Valley of the Roanoke Region of Virginia.", "Roanoke, Virginia __knowledge__ Roanoke is the largest municipality in Southwest Virginia, and is the principal municipality of the Roanoke Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), which had a 2010 population of 308,707.", "Roanoke, Virginia __knowledge__ It is composed of the independent cities of Roanoke and Salem, and Botetourt, Craig, Franklin, and Roanoke counties.", "Roanoke, Virginia __knowledge__ Bisected by the Roanoke River, Roanoke is the commercial and cultural hub of much of Southwest Virginia and portions of Southern West Virginia.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ Bakersfield Community Theatre (BCT) in Bakersfield, California is the oldest continuing community theatre in California; and the second oldest amateur community theatre in the Western United States: the Tacoma Little Theatre, est.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ 1918 in Tacoma, Washington, is the oldest.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ Officially established in 1927, BCT has been putting on a full season of plays and musicals starting when Albert Johnson directed the beginning of a continuous string of productions.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ The theatre has been remodeled a few times, and is currently capable of holding an audience of 181.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ Bakersfield Community Theatre was founded in May 1927.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ The Capitol Theatre Center is a theater located at 159 South Main Street in downtown Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, located midway between Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and Hagerstown, Maryland.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ The Capitol Theatre Center opened as a movie theater on February 3, 1927.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ Following renovations in 1996 the Capitol now operates as a community arts center.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ It is funded through the Capitol Theatre Center Foundation.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ The Capitol Theatre Center is one of the few theaters in the United States to still have its original organ, a Möller theater pipe organ.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ The Capitol Theatre Center is the home of all performances done by the Chambersburg Community Theatre." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre refers to theatrical performance made in relation to particular communities—its usage includes theatre made by, with, and for a community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It may refer to theatre that is made entirely by a community with no outside help, or to a collaboration between community members and professional theatre artists, or to performance made entirely by professionals that is addressed to a particular community.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatres range in size from small groups led by single individuals that perform in borrowed spaces to large permanent companies with well-equipped facilities of their own.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Many community theatres are successful, non-profit businesses with a large active membership and, often, a full-time professional staff.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is often devised and may draw on popular theatrical forms, such as carnival, circus, and parades, as well as performance modes from commercial theatre.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ Community theatre is understood to contribute to the social capital of a community, insofar as it develops the skills, community spirit, and artistic sensibilities of those who participate, whether as producers or audience-members.", "Community theatre __knowledge__ It is used as a tool for social development, promoting ideas like gender equality, human rights, environment and democracy.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre, also known as amateur dramatics, is theatre performed by amateur actors and singers.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre groups may stage plays, revues, musicals, light opera, pantomime or variety shows, and do so for the social activity as well as the artistic side.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Productions may take place in venues ranging from the open air, community centres or schools to independent or major professional theatres and can be simple light entertainment or demanding drama.", "Amateur theatre __knowledge__ Amateur theatre is distinct from the professional or community theatre simply in that participants are not paid, although this is not always the case, even though the productions staged may be commercial ventures, either to fund further productions, to benefit the community, or for charity.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ Bakersfield Community Theatre (BCT) in Bakersfield, California is the oldest continuing community theatre in California; and the second oldest amateur community theatre in the Western United States: the Tacoma Little Theatre, est.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ 1918 in Tacoma, Washington, is the oldest.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ Officially established in 1927, BCT has been putting on a full season of plays and musicals starting when Albert Johnson directed the beginning of a continuous string of productions.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ The theatre has been remodeled a few times, and is currently capable of holding an audience of 181.", "Bakersfield Community Theatre __knowledge__ Bakersfield Community Theatre was founded in May 1927.", "Palace Theatre, Westcliff-on-Sea __knowledge__ The Palace Theatre is a theatre in the town of Westcliff-on-Sea in the English county of Essex.", "Palace Theatre, Westcliff-on-Sea __knowledge__ The theatre presents a range of performances, including drama, music and both local and national touring companies.", "Palace Theatre, Westcliff-on-Sea __knowledge__ The theatre was built by Ward & Ward of London and was opened in October 1912.", "Palace Theatre, Westcliff-on-Sea __knowledge__ It was named the \"Palace of Varieties\" in November that year.", "Palace Theatre, Westcliff-on-Sea __knowledge__ In December it was renamed \"The New Palace\" and a small annexe at the back of the stage was built to facilitate projection for cinema.", "Palace Theatre, Westcliff-on-Sea __knowledge__ In the interwar period the theatre mainly presented touring ballet and repertory companies.", "Palace Theatre, Westcliff-on-Sea __knowledge__ The theatre and its business continued through World War II, however there were some financial troubles and a period of closure, and a number of companies held the lease of the theatre thereafter.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ The Capitol Theatre Center is a theater located at 159 South Main Street in downtown Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, located midway between Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and Hagerstown, Maryland.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ The Capitol Theatre Center opened as a movie theater on February 3, 1927.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ Following renovations in 1996 the Capitol now operates as a community arts center.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ It is funded through the Capitol Theatre Center Foundation.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ The Capitol Theatre Center is one of the few theaters in the United States to still have its original organ, a Möller theater pipe organ.", "Capitol Theatre Center __knowledge__ The Capitol Theatre Center is the home of all performances done by the Chambersburg Community Theatre.", "English land law __knowledge__ English land law is the law of real property in England and Wales.", "English land law __knowledge__ Because of its heavy historical and social significance, land is usually seen as the most important part of English property law.", "English land law __knowledge__ Ownership of land has its roots in the feudal system established by William the Conqueror after 1066, and with a gradually diminishing aristocratic presence, now sees a large number of owners playing in an active market for real estate.", "English land law __knowledge__ The modern law's sources derive from the old courts of common law and equity which includes legislation such as the Law of Property Act 1925, the Settled Land Act 1925, the Land Charges Act 1972, the Trusts of Land and Appointment of Trustees Act 1996 and the Land Registration Act 2002, and the European Convention on Human Rights.", "Summer Mummers __knowledge__ Summer Mummers is a yearly production presented at the historic Yucca Theater in downtown Midland, Texas.", "Summer Mummers __knowledge__ Running from the first weekend in June to Labor Day weekend, There are typically 30 performances each summer.", "Summer Mummers __knowledge__ The nightly show consists of a locally written melodrama, followed by the Olio.", "Summer Mummers __knowledge__ The profits from Summer Mummers directly benefit Midland Community Theatre, even though Summer Mummers is a separate entity from Midland Community Theatre.", "Summer Mummers __knowledge__ It is estimated that 25% of Midland Community Theatre's budget is provided by the success of Summer Mummers.", "Summer Mummers __knowledge__ In 1949, supporters of Midland Community Theatre were looking for a way to bring extra money into the newly formed organization.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Community arts __knowledge__ Community arts, also sometimes known as \"dialogical art\", \"community-engaged\" or \"community-based art,\" refers to artistic activity based in a community setting.", "Community arts __knowledge__ Works from this genre can be of any media and is characterized by interaction or dialogue with the community.", "Community arts __knowledge__ Often professional artists collaborate with people who may not otherwise normally actively engage in the arts.", "Community arts __knowledge__ The term was defined in the late-1960s and spawned a movement which grew in the United States, Canada, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Australia.", "Community arts __knowledge__ In Scandinavia, the term \"community art\" means more often contemporary art project.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ Willow Bunch is a small community located in south central Saskatchewan, Canada, southwest of the provincial capital of Regina.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The population was 286 at the 2011 census.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ Previous names for Willow Bunch have been \"Hart-Rouge\" and \"Talle-de-Saules\".", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The area has seen influences from Métis and Fransaskois.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ About 19 kilometres north-west of Willow Bunch is one of Saskatchewan’s biggest archaeological mysteries.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The St. Victors Petroglyph site is a provincial park that is host to over 300 rock carvings.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The carvings are located on a sandstone cliff that is elevated at 950m.", "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan __knowledge__ The uniqueness of the plateau is characterized by being only one of five sites in Canada where petroglyphs are on a horizontal structure of a rock.", "Ruffed lemur __knowledge__ The ruffed lemurs of the genus Varecia are strepsirrhine primates and the largest extant lemurs within the family Lemuridae.", "Ruffed lemur __knowledge__ Like all living lemurs, they are found only on the island of Madagascar.", "Ruffed lemur __knowledge__ Formerly considered to be a monotypic genus, two species are now recognized: the black-and-white ruffed lemur, with its three subspecies, and the red ruffed lemur.", "Ruffed lemur __knowledge__ Ruffed lemurs are diurnal and arboreal quadrupeds, often observed leaping through the upper canopy of the seasonal tropical rainforests in eastern Madagascar.", "Ruffed lemur __knowledge__ They are also the most frugivorous of the Malagasy lemurs, and they are very sensitive to habitat disturbance.", "Patricia McIlrath __knowledge__ Patricia Anne McIlrath (January 25, 1917 – March 4, 1999) was an American educator and theatre director who was pivotal in the founding of the Missouri Repertory Theatre (known today as the Kansas City Repertory Theatre) and in the development of Regional Theatre within the area surrounding Kansas City, Missouri.", "Patricia McIlrath __knowledge__ McIlrath was born in El Paso, Texas, to George David McIlrath, a lawyer, and his wife Ethel in 1917.", "Patricia McIlrath __knowledge__ She graduated from Paseo High School in 1933, and received a B.A.", "Patricia McIlrath __knowledge__ from Grinnell College and an M.A.", "Patricia McIlrath __knowledge__ from Northwestern University before graduating from Stanford University in 1951 with her Ph.D., which McIlrath earned while on leave from the University of Illinois, where she held a faculty position in the Department of Speech and Theatre between 1946 and 1954." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4 ]

[ "My favourte hobby is working at the community theatre. I help arrange performances within my community and we present it to the rest of the community for entertainment.", "Yes, everything is done by the community without any outside help, but sometimes we do have collaborations with neighboring communities. Rarely we do invited professional theatre artists to join us in our production. ", "Yes, community theatres are for the enjoyment of the community. We are a non-profit business with large active memberships and a full-time professional staff :) " ]

[ "Community theatre", "Community theatre", "Community theatre" ]

[ "Solitude\nSolitude can be good. I had the house to myself for two weeks last month.", "I agree, to a certain extent. The first 4-5 days I was enjoying it, but then I became lonely and felt housebound. Went out on silly errands just to be around people.", "The young chess player. I didn't realize he felt that way. Sadly, I can't play chess like Bobby Fischer! I barely know what castling is!", "I guess solitude could help you get better at chess.", "Maybe that is why monks can handle solitude. They are around others, even though silent." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Solitude __knowledge__ Solitude is a state of seclusion or isolation, i.e., lack of contact with people.", "Solitude __knowledge__ It may stem from bad relationships, loss of loved ones, deliberate choice, infectious disease, mental disorders, neurological disorders or circumstances of employment or situation (see castaway).", "Solitude __knowledge__ Short-term solitude is often valued as a time when one may work, think or rest without being disturbed.", "Solitude __knowledge__ It may be desired for the sake of privacy.", "Solitude __knowledge__ A distinction has been made between solitude and loneliness.", "Solitude __knowledge__ In this sense, these two words refer, respectively, to the joy and the pain of being alone.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Symptoms from complete isolation, called sensory deprivation, often include anxiety, sensory illusions, or even distortions of time and perception.", "Solitude __knowledge__ However, this is the case when there is no stimulation of the sensory systems at all, and not only lack of contact with people.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Thus, by having other things to keep one's mind busy, this is avoided.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Still, long-term solitude is often seen as undesirable, causing loneliness or reclusion resulting from inability to establish relationships.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Furthermore, it might even lead to clinical depression.", "Solitude __knowledge__ However, for some people, solitude is not depressing.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Still others (e.g.", "Solitude __knowledge__ monks) regard long-term solitude as a means of spiritual enlightenment.", "2011–12 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ During the 2011–12 season, Sheffield Wednesday F.C.", "2011–12 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ will compete in League One, the FA Cup, the League Cup, and the Football League Trophy.", "2011–12 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ It is their second consecutive season in the third tier of English football, and their 110th season in the Football League.", "2011–12 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ At the end of the season they completed their aim of automatic promotion to the Football League Championship, after a remarkable season with so many twists and turns.", "2011–12 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Pre-season for Sheffield Wednesday saw the introduction of many new players, as well as many leaving the club.", "2011–12 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ With this being the first opportunity for manager Gary Megson to change the squad, having only joined Wednesday at the beginning of February and the club in the bottom half of the table, he felt that it was time to vastly change the squad, into a promotion contending team.", "Two Weeks Last Summer __knowledge__ Two Weeks Last Summer is the first solo album by Dave Cousins, singer and guitarist from the Strawbs.", "Two Weeks Last Summer __knowledge__ It was released in 1972 on A&M Records.", "Two Weeks Last Summer __knowledge__ All songs written by Dave Cousins on the CD, the tracks \"The World\" and \"That's the Way It Ends\" are listed separately with timings of 1:45 and 1:15 respectively.", "Two Weeks Last Summer __knowledge__ The track \"Going Home\" is credited with personnel \"Lampoon\".", "Two Weeks Last Summer __knowledge__ The track had originally been planned as a Dave Lambert single before he joined Strawbs.", "Two Weeks Last Summer __knowledge__ Cousins replaced Lambert's vocals with his own and released it as a single.", "Two Weeks Last Summer __knowledge__ It is believed that the other musicians were Blue Weaver on keyboards, John Ford on bass guitar and Richard Hudson on drums.", "One Hundred Years of Solitude __knowledge__ One Hundred Years of Solitude (, ) is a landmark 1967 novel by Colombian author Gabriel García Márquez that tells the multi-generational story of the Buendía family, whose patriarch, José Arcadio Buendía, founds the town of Macondo, in the metaphoric country of Colombia.", "One Hundred Years of Solitude __knowledge__ The magical realist style and thematic substance of \"One Hundred Years of Solitude\" established it as an important representative novel of the literary Latin American Boom of the 1960s and 1970s, which was stylistically influenced by Modernism (European and North American) and the Cuban \"Vanguardia\" (Avant-Garde) literary movement.", "Academic term __knowledge__ An academic term (or simply \"term\") is a portion of an academic year, the time during which an educational institution holds classes.", "Academic term __knowledge__ The schedules adopted vary widely.", "Academic term __knowledge__ The word quadmester or quadrimester is occasionally used to mean either four months or (more commonly in modern American usage) a quarter of a year.", "Academic term __knowledge__ In countries like Argentina, public universities divide the academic year into two quadrimesters (March–July and August–December).", "Academic term __knowledge__ In most countries, the academic year begins in late summer or early autumn and ends during the following spring or summer.", "Academic term __knowledge__ In Northern Hemisphere countries, this means that the academic year lasts from August, September, or October to May, June, or July.", "Fortress of Solitude __knowledge__ The Fortress of Solitude is a fictional fortress appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly in association with Superman.", "Fortress of Solitude __knowledge__ A place of solace and occasional headquarters for Superman, the fortress is typically depicted as being in frozen tundra, away from civilization.", "Fortress of Solitude __knowledge__ Its predecessor, Superman's \"Secret Citadel\", first appeared in \"Superman\" #17, where it was said to be built into a mountain on the outskirts of Metropolis.", "Fortress of Solitude __knowledge__ By issue #58 (May–June 1949) it is referred to as the Fortress of Solitude, seems at a glance to be a freestanding castle, and is said to be located in a \"polar waste\".", "Death of Michael Jackson __knowledge__ On June 25, 2009, Michael Jackson died of acute propofol and benzodiazepine intoxication at his home on North Carolwood Drive in the Holmby Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles.", "Death of Michael Jackson __knowledge__ His personal physician, Conrad Murray, said he had found Jackson in his room, not breathing and with a barely detectable pulse, and that he administered CPR on Jackson to no avail.", "Death of Michael Jackson __knowledge__ After a call was placed to 9-1-1 at , Jackson was treated by paramedics at the scene and was later pronounced dead at the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center.", "Death of Michael Jackson __knowledge__ On August 28, 2009, the Los Angeles County Coroner concluded that his death was a homicide." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Solitude __knowledge__ Solitude is a state of seclusion or isolation, i.e., lack of contact with people.", "Solitude __knowledge__ It may stem from bad relationships, loss of loved ones, deliberate choice, infectious disease, mental disorders, neurological disorders or circumstances of employment or situation (see castaway).", "Solitude __knowledge__ Short-term solitude is often valued as a time when one may work, think or rest without being disturbed.", "Solitude __knowledge__ It may be desired for the sake of privacy.", "Solitude __knowledge__ A distinction has been made between solitude and loneliness.", "Solitude __knowledge__ In this sense, these two words refer, respectively, to the joy and the pain of being alone.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Symptoms from complete isolation, called sensory deprivation, often include anxiety, sensory illusions, or even distortions of time and perception.", "Solitude __knowledge__ However, this is the case when there is no stimulation of the sensory systems at all, and not only lack of contact with people.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Thus, by having other things to keep one's mind busy, this is avoided.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Still, long-term solitude is often seen as undesirable, causing loneliness or reclusion resulting from inability to establish relationships.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Furthermore, it might even lead to clinical depression.", "Solitude __knowledge__ However, for some people, solitude is not depressing.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Still others (e.g.", "Solitude __knowledge__ monks) regard long-term solitude as a means of spiritual enlightenment.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ This is a list of \"VeggieTales\" original videos.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ Where's God When I'm S-Scared?", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ was initially released on December 21, 1993 on VHS and was distributed by Word Entertainment on March 1, 1994.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ It features two stories about what to do when you are afraid.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ In the first segment, \"Tales from the Crisper\", Junior Asparagus is watching a scary movie before being told by his mother that he needs to go to bed.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ However, the movie has made him afraid and after imagining that his family in a portrait were frankenstein monsters, Bob and Larry drop in to help.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ After some discussion, the pair comfort Junior in song about how he does not need to be afraid because God is watching out for him and He is bigger than anything.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "Kutch Gurjar Kshatriyas contributions to the Indian railways __knowledge__ The Kutch Gurjar Kshatriyas (KGK) contributions to the Indian railways were widespread from the late 1850s to the latest reorganization of the Indian Railways infrastructure in 2003–2006.", "Kutch Gurjar Kshatriyas contributions to the Indian railways __knowledge__ The community also widely known as Mistris of Kutch (or Mistry) migrated from Kutch to perform the work and were involved in the laying down of railway tracks and construction of rail bridges in almost all railway routes of undivided British India.", "Kutch Gurjar Kshatriyas contributions to the Indian railways __knowledge__ The Mistris of Kutch or KGK are a small ethnic community numbering only 50,000 originating from their 19 villages in Kutch founded by them in the 11th century.", "Kutch Gurjar Kshatriyas contributions to the Indian railways __knowledge__ The names of these villages are Anjar, Chandiya, Devaliya, Galpadar, Hajapar, Jambudi, Khambhra, Khedoi, Kukma, Kumbharia Lovariya, Madhapar, Meghpar, Nagalpar, Nagor, Ratnal, Reha, Sinugra and Vidi.", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ Field Marshal Sir Henry Hughes Wilson, 1st Baronet, (5 May 1864 – 22 June 1922) was one of the most senior British Army staff officers of the First World War and was briefly an Irish unionist politician.", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ Wilson served as Commandant of the Staff College, Camberley, and then as Director of Military Operations at the War Office, in which post he played a vital role in drawing up plans to deploy an Expeditionary Force to France in the event of war.", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ During these years Wilson acquired a reputation as a political intriguer for his role in agitating for the introduction of conscription and in the Curragh incident of 1914, when he encouraged senior officers to resign rather than move against the Ulster Volunteers (UVF).", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ Robert James Fischer (March 9, 1943January 17, 2008) was an American chess grandmaster and the eleventh World Chess Champion.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ Many consider him to be the greatest chess player of all time.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ In 1972, he captured the World Chess Championship from Boris Spassky of the USSR in a match held in Reykjavík, Iceland, publicized as a Cold War confrontation, which attracted more worldwide interest than any chess championship before or since.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ In 1975, Fischer refused to defend his title when an agreement could not be reached with FIDE, the game's international governing body, over one of the conditions for the match.", "Lonely Planet __knowledge__ Lonely Planet is the largest travel guide book publisher in the world.", "Lonely Planet __knowledge__ The company is owned by American billionaire Brad Kelley's NC2 Media, which bought it in 2013 from BBC Worldwide for US$77 million (the equivalent of £45.5 million in May 2014) after it was valued at US$250 million in 2008.", "Lonely Planet __knowledge__ Originally called \"Lonely Planet Publications\", the company changed its name to \"Lonely Planet\" in July 2009 to reflect its broad travel industry coverage and an emphasis on digital products.", "Lonely Planet __knowledge__ After the \"Let's Go\" travel guide series that was founded in 1960, and the BIT Guides from 1970, the Lonely Planet books were the third series of travel books aimed at backpackers and other low-cost travellers.", "Philipp, Prince of Eulenburg __knowledge__ Philipp Friedrich Alexander, Prince of Eulenburg and Hertefeld, Count von Sandels (12 February 1847 – 17 September 1921) was a diplomat and composer of Imperial Germany who achieved considerable influence as the closest friend of Wilhelm II.", "Philipp, Prince of Eulenburg __knowledge__ He was the central member of the so-called Liebenberg Circle, a group of artistically minded German aristocrats within Wilhelm's entourage.", "Philipp, Prince of Eulenburg __knowledge__ Eulenburg played an important role in the rise of Bernhard von Bülow, but fell from power in 1907 due to the Harden–Eulenburg affair when he was accused of homosexuality.", "Philipp, Prince of Eulenburg __knowledge__ Eulenburg was born at Königsberg, Province of Prussia, the eldest son of Philipp Konrad, Count zu Eulenburg (Königsberg, 24 April 1820 – Berlin, 5 March 1889) and his wife, Baroness Alexandrine von Rothkirch und Panthen (Glogau, 20 June 1824 – Meran, 11 April 1902).", "Privacy __knowledge__ Privacy is the ability of an individual or group to seclude themselves, or information about themselves, and thereby express themselves selectively.", "Privacy __knowledge__ The boundaries and content of what is considered private differ among cultures and individuals, but share common themes.", "Privacy __knowledge__ When something is private to a \"person\", it usually means that something is inherently special or sensitive to them.", "Privacy __knowledge__ The domain of privacy partially overlaps security (confidentiality), which can include the concepts of appropriate use, as well as protection of information.", "Privacy __knowledge__ Privacy may also take the form of bodily integrity.", "Privacy __knowledge__ The right not to be subjected to unsanctioned invasion of privacy by the government, corporations or individuals is part of many countries' privacy laws, and in some cases, constitutions.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "Internet privacy __knowledge__ Internet privacy involves the right or mandate of personal privacy concerning the storing, repurposing, provision to third parties, and displaying of information pertaining to oneself via of the Internet.", "Internet privacy __knowledge__ Internet privacy is a subset of data privacy.", "Internet privacy __knowledge__ Privacy concerns have been articulated from the beginnings of large scale computer sharing.", "Internet privacy __knowledge__ Privacy can entail either \"Personally Identifying Information\" (PII) or non-PII information such as a site visitor's behavior on a website.", "Internet privacy __knowledge__ PII refers to any information that can be used to identify an individual.", "Internet privacy __knowledge__ For example, age and physical address alone could identify who an individual is without explicitly disclosing their name, as these two factors are unique enough to typically identify a specific person.", "Criticism of Facebook __knowledge__ Criticism of Facebook relates to how Facebook's market dominance have led to international media coverage and significant reporting of its shortcomings.", "Criticism of Facebook __knowledge__ Notable issues include Internet privacy, such as its use of a widespread \"like\" button on third-party websites tracking users, possible indefinite records of user information, automatic facial recognition software, and its role in the workplace, including employer-employee account disclosure.", "Criticism of Facebook __knowledge__ The use of Facebook can have psychological effects, including feelings of jealousy and stress, a lack of attention, and social media addiction, in some cases comparable to drug addiction.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ Since the arrival of early social networking sites in the early 2000s, online social networking platforms have expanded exponentially, with the biggest names in social media in the mid-2010s being Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and SnapChat.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ The massive influx of personal information that has become available online and stored in the cloud has put user privacy at the forefront of discussion of the databases ability to safely store such personal information.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ The extent to which users and social media platform administrators can access user profiles has become a new topic of ethical consideration and the legality, awareness and boundaries of subsequent privacy violations are critical concerns in the advance of the technological age.", "One Life to Live characters (2000s) __knowledge__ A list of notable characters from the ABC soap opera, \"One Life to Live\", that began their run between the beginning of 2000 and the end of 2009.", "One Life to Live characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Kimberly \"Kim\" Andrews (formerly Buchanan; born Aubrey Wentworth) is a fictional character from the ABC Daytime soap opera \"One Life to Live\".", "One Life to Live characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Amanda Setton originated the role on August 14, 2009.", "One Life to Live characters (2000s) __knowledge__ In 2010 she chose not to renew her contract and last appeared on April 2.", "One Life to Live characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Setton reprised the role from August 22, 2011 until December 29, 2011.", "One Life to Live characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Kimberly Andrews is a Las Vegas exotic dancer who arrives in Llanview, Pennsylvania in August 2009 to help her best friend Stacy Morasco." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Solitude __knowledge__ Solitude is a state of seclusion or isolation, i.e., lack of contact with people.", "Solitude __knowledge__ It may stem from bad relationships, loss of loved ones, deliberate choice, infectious disease, mental disorders, neurological disorders or circumstances of employment or situation (see castaway).", "Solitude __knowledge__ Short-term solitude is often valued as a time when one may work, think or rest without being disturbed.", "Solitude __knowledge__ It may be desired for the sake of privacy.", "Solitude __knowledge__ A distinction has been made between solitude and loneliness.", "Solitude __knowledge__ In this sense, these two words refer, respectively, to the joy and the pain of being alone.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Symptoms from complete isolation, called sensory deprivation, often include anxiety, sensory illusions, or even distortions of time and perception.", "Solitude __knowledge__ However, this is the case when there is no stimulation of the sensory systems at all, and not only lack of contact with people.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Thus, by having other things to keep one's mind busy, this is avoided.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Still, long-term solitude is often seen as undesirable, causing loneliness or reclusion resulting from inability to establish relationships.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Furthermore, it might even lead to clinical depression.", "Solitude __knowledge__ However, for some people, solitude is not depressing.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Still others (e.g.", "Solitude __knowledge__ monks) regard long-term solitude as a means of spiritual enlightenment.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ Robert James Fischer (March 9, 1943January 17, 2008) was an American chess grandmaster and the eleventh World Chess Champion.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ Many consider him to be the greatest chess player of all time.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ In 1972, he captured the World Chess Championship from Boris Spassky of the USSR in a match held in Reykjavík, Iceland, publicized as a Cold War confrontation, which attracted more worldwide interest than any chess championship before or since.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ In 1975, Fischer refused to defend his title when an agreement could not be reached with FIDE, the game's international governing body, over one of the conditions for the match.", "Chess __knowledge__ Chess is a two-player strategy board game played on a chessboard, a checkered gameboard with 64 squares arranged in an 8×8 grid.", "Chess __knowledge__ The game is played by millions of people worldwide.", "Chess __knowledge__ Each player begins with 16 pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two knights, two bishops, and eight pawns.", "Chess __knowledge__ Each of the six piece types moves differently, with the most powerful being the queen and the least powerful the pawn.", "Chess __knowledge__ The objective is to \"checkmate\" the opponent's king by placing it under an inescapable threat of capture.", "Chess __knowledge__ To this end, a player's pieces are used to attack and capture the opponent's pieces, while supporting each other.", "Chess960 __knowledge__ Chess960, also called Fischer Random Chess (originally Fischerandom), is a variant of chess invented and advocated by former world chess champion Bobby Fischer, publicly announced on June 19, 1996, in Buenos Aires, Argentina.", "Chess960 __knowledge__ It employs the same board and pieces as standard chess, but the starting position of the pieces on the players' is randomized.", "Chess960 __knowledge__ The random setup renders the prospect of obtaining an advantage through the memorization of opening lines impracticable, compelling players to rely on their talent and creativity.", "Chess960 __knowledge__ Randomizing the main pieces had long been known as \"Shuffle Chess\"; however, Chess960 introduces restrictions on the randomization, \"preserving the dynamic nature of the game by retaining bishops of opposite colours for each player and the right to castle for both sides\".", "Judit Polgár __knowledge__ Judit Polgár (born 23 July 1976) is a Hungarian chess grandmaster.", "Judit Polgár __knowledge__ She is generally considered the strongest female chess player of all time.", "Judit Polgár __knowledge__ In 1991, Polgár achieved the title of Grandmaster at the age of 15 years and 4 months, at the time the youngest to have done so, breaking the record previously held by former World Champion Bobby Fischer.", "Judit Polgár __knowledge__ She was the youngest ever player to break into the FIDE Top 100 players rating list, ranking No.", "Judit Polgár __knowledge__ 55 in the January 1989 rating list, at the age of 12.", "Judit Polgár __knowledge__ She is the only woman to qualify for a World Championship tournament, having done so in 2005.", "Judit Polgár __knowledge__ She is the first, and to date only, woman to have surpassed 2700 Elo, reaching a career peak rating of 2735 and peak world ranking of No.", "History of chess __knowledge__ The history of chess can be traced back nearly 1500 years, although the earliest origins are uncertain.", "History of chess __knowledge__ The earliest predecessor of the game probably originated in India, before the 6th century AD; a minority of historians believe the game originated in China.", "History of chess __knowledge__ From India, the game spread to Persia.", "History of chess __knowledge__ When the Arabs conquered Persia, chess was taken up by the Muslim world and subsequently spread to Southern Europe.", "History of chess __knowledge__ In Europe, chess evolved into roughly its current form in the 15th century.", "History of chess __knowledge__ The \"Romantic Era of Chess\" was the predominant chess playing style from the late 15th century to the 1880s.", "History of chess __knowledge__ Chess games of this period emphasized more on quick, tactical maneuvers rather than long-term strategic planning.", "Garry Kasparov __knowledge__ Garry Kimovich Kasparov (, ; born Garik Kimovich Weinstein, 13 April 1963) is a Russian, and formerly Soviet, chess grandmaster, former world chess champion, writer, and political activist, whom many consider to be the greatest chess player of all time.", "Garry Kasparov __knowledge__ From 1986 until his retirement in 2005, Kasparov was ranked world No.", "Garry Kasparov __knowledge__ 1 for 225 out of 228 months.", "Garry Kasparov __knowledge__ His peak rating of 2851, achieved in 1999, was the highest recorded until being surpassed by Magnus Carlsen in 2013.", "Garry Kasparov __knowledge__ Kasparov also holds records for consecutive professional tournament victories (15) and Chess Oscars (11).", "Garry Kasparov __knowledge__ Kasparov became the youngest ever undisputed World Chess Champion in 1985 at age 22 by defeating then-champion Anatoly Karpov.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ Sven Magnus Øen Carlsen (; born 30 November 1990) is a Norwegian chess grandmaster and the current World Chess Champion.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ A chess prodigy, Carlsen earned his grandmaster title at the age of 13 years and 148 days.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ He surpassed an Elo rating of 2800 in 2009 and reached No.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ 1 in the FIDE rankings in 2010, becoming the youngest person ever to achieve those feats.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ Carlsen became World Champion in 2013 by defeating Viswanathan Anand.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ In the subsequent year, he retained his title against Anand, won both the 2014 World Rapid Championship and World Blitz Championship, thus becoming the first player to simultaneously hold all three titles, and reached a peak rating of 2882, the highest in history.", "World Chess Championship 1972 __knowledge__ The World Chess Championship 1972 was a match for the World Chess Championship between challenger Bobby Fischer of the United States and defending champion Boris Spassky of the Soviet Union.", "World Chess Championship 1972 __knowledge__ The match took place in the Laugardalshöll arena in Reykjavík, Iceland, and has been dubbed the Match of the Century.", "World Chess Championship 1972 __knowledge__ Fischer became the first American born in the United States to win the world title, and the second American overall (Wilhelm Steinitz, the first world champion, became a naturalized American citizen in 1888).", "World Chess Championship 1972 __knowledge__ Fischer's win also ended, for a short time, 24 years of Soviet domination of the World Championship.", "List of world records in chess __knowledge__ This is a list of world records in chess as achieved in organized tournament, match, or simultaneous exhibition play.", "List of world records in chess __knowledge__ The longest tournament chess game (in terms of moves) ever to be played was Nikolić–Arsović, Belgrade 1989, which lasted for 269 moves and took 20 hours and 15 minutes to complete a drawn game.", "List of world records in chess __knowledge__ At the time this game was played, FIDE had modified the fifty-move rule to allow 100 moves to be played without a piece being captured in a rook and bishop versus rook endgame, the situation in Nikolić versus Arsović.", "List of world records in chess __knowledge__ FIDE has since rescinded that modification to the rule.", "List of world records in chess __knowledge__ The longest decisive tournament game is Danin–Azarov, Turnov 2016, which Danin won in 239 moves." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Solitude __knowledge__ Solitude is a state of seclusion or isolation, i.e., lack of contact with people.", "Solitude __knowledge__ It may stem from bad relationships, loss of loved ones, deliberate choice, infectious disease, mental disorders, neurological disorders or circumstances of employment or situation (see castaway).", "Solitude __knowledge__ Short-term solitude is often valued as a time when one may work, think or rest without being disturbed.", "Solitude __knowledge__ It may be desired for the sake of privacy.", "Solitude __knowledge__ A distinction has been made between solitude and loneliness.", "Solitude __knowledge__ In this sense, these two words refer, respectively, to the joy and the pain of being alone.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Symptoms from complete isolation, called sensory deprivation, often include anxiety, sensory illusions, or even distortions of time and perception.", "Solitude __knowledge__ However, this is the case when there is no stimulation of the sensory systems at all, and not only lack of contact with people.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Thus, by having other things to keep one's mind busy, this is avoided.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Still, long-term solitude is often seen as undesirable, causing loneliness or reclusion resulting from inability to establish relationships.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Furthermore, it might even lead to clinical depression.", "Solitude __knowledge__ However, for some people, solitude is not depressing.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Still others (e.g.", "Solitude __knowledge__ monks) regard long-term solitude as a means of spiritual enlightenment.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the \"MÄR\" series developed and designed by Nobuyuki Anzai.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ (虎水ギンタ \"Toramizu Ginta\") (バッボ) Babbo is a unique ÄRM that was first wielded by Phantom and is later wielded by Ginta.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ He resembles a metal kendama.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ He contained the soul of the previous Elder of Caldia.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ Babbo has many forms: (スノウ, \"Sunou\") Snow who was on the run from her step mother with her servant and good friend Ed.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ People were told by the queen to kill her.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ Much later they find an abandoned castle.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ As they explore it Snow decided to seal herself away in ice.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ Ed tried to convince her to not seal herself, but Snow reminded him about the fact of the people after her and told him to run.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ It has aired since 2013 and is currently airing the fifth series.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005, and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Faith Davis is a resident of Elm Tree House and Ashdene Ridge during the first two series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Leanne Dunstan.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ Robert James Fischer (March 9, 1943January 17, 2008) was an American chess grandmaster and the eleventh World Chess Champion.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ Many consider him to be the greatest chess player of all time.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ In 1972, he captured the World Chess Championship from Boris Spassky of the USSR in a match held in Reykjavík, Iceland, publicized as a Cold War confrontation, which attracted more worldwide interest than any chess championship before or since.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ In 1975, Fischer refused to defend his title when an agreement could not be reached with FIDE, the game's international governing body, over one of the conditions for the match.", "Bruce Pandolfini __knowledge__ Bruce Pandolfini (born September 17, 1947) is an American chess author, teacher, and coach.", "Bruce Pandolfini __knowledge__ A USCF national master, he is generally considered to be America’s most experienced chess teacher.", "Bruce Pandolfini __knowledge__ As a coach and trainer, Pandolfini has possibly conducted more chess sessions than anyone in the world.", "Bruce Pandolfini __knowledge__ By the summer of 2015 he had given an estimated 25,000 private and group lessons.", "Bruce Pandolfini __knowledge__ Pandolfini's playing career ended in 1970 after a loss to Grandmaster Larry Evans at the National Open in Las Vegas in 1970.", "Bruce Pandolfini __knowledge__ After his final tournament game, his official USCF rating was 2241.", "Bruce Pandolfini __knowledge__ In his books and columns he has explained his methodology for individual instruction, indicating that it consists of four basic parts.", "Chess __knowledge__ Chess is a two-player strategy board game played on a chessboard, a checkered gameboard with 64 squares arranged in an 8×8 grid.", "Chess __knowledge__ The game is played by millions of people worldwide.", "Chess __knowledge__ Each player begins with 16 pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two knights, two bishops, and eight pawns.", "Chess __knowledge__ Each of the six piece types moves differently, with the most powerful being the queen and the least powerful the pawn.", "Chess __knowledge__ The objective is to \"checkmate\" the opponent's king by placing it under an inescapable threat of capture.", "Chess __knowledge__ To this end, a player's pieces are used to attack and capture the opponent's pieces, while supporting each other.", "Fortress of Solitude __knowledge__ The Fortress of Solitude is a fictional fortress appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly in association with Superman.", "Fortress of Solitude __knowledge__ A place of solace and occasional headquarters for Superman, the fortress is typically depicted as being in frozen tundra, away from civilization.", "Fortress of Solitude __knowledge__ Its predecessor, Superman's \"Secret Citadel\", first appeared in \"Superman\" #17, where it was said to be built into a mountain on the outskirts of Metropolis.", "Fortress of Solitude __knowledge__ By issue #58 (May–June 1949) it is referred to as the Fortress of Solitude, seems at a glance to be a freestanding castle, and is said to be located in a \"polar waste\".", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ Sven Magnus Øen Carlsen (; born 30 November 1990) is a Norwegian chess grandmaster and the current World Chess Champion.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ A chess prodigy, Carlsen earned his grandmaster title at the age of 13 years and 148 days.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ He surpassed an Elo rating of 2800 in 2009 and reached No.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ 1 in the FIDE rankings in 2010, becoming the youngest person ever to achieve those feats.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ Carlsen became World Champion in 2013 by defeating Viswanathan Anand.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ In the subsequent year, he retained his title against Anand, won both the 2014 World Rapid Championship and World Blitz Championship, thus becoming the first player to simultaneously hold all three titles, and reached a peak rating of 2882, the highest in history.", "List of Fatal Fury characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of video game characters featured in the \"Fatal Fury\" fighting game series developed by SNK Playmore (formerly SNK).", "List of Fatal Fury characters __knowledge__ The series consists of the original \"\", \"Fatal Fury 2\", \"Fatal Fury Special\", \"Fatal Fury 3\", \"Real Bout Fatal Fury\", \"Real Bout Fatal Fury Special\", \"Real Bout Fatal Fury 2\", \"\", and \"\".", "List of Fatal Fury characters __knowledge__ Series' creator Takashi Nishiyama said the depth of the characters was of great importance when making the series.", "List of Fatal Fury characters __knowledge__ He noted that the plot were more polished in the first \"Fatal Fury\" than in his previous work, the first \"Street Fighter\".", "List of Fatal Fury characters __knowledge__ This allowed them to reveal more character details which in turn lead to more fans.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "Computer chess __knowledge__ Computer chess is a game of computer architecture encompassing hardware and software capable of playing chess autonomously without human guidance.", "Computer chess __knowledge__ Computer chess acts as solo entertainment (allowing players to practice and to better themselves when no sufficiently strong human opponents are available), as aids to chess analysis, for computer chess competitions, and as research to provide insights into human cognition.", "Computer chess __knowledge__ Current chess engines are able to defeat even the strongest human players under normal conditions.", "Computer chess __knowledge__ Whether computation could ever solve chess remains an open question.", "Computer chess __knowledge__ Chess-playing computers are now accessible to the average consumer.", "History of chess __knowledge__ The history of chess can be traced back nearly 1500 years, although the earliest origins are uncertain.", "History of chess __knowledge__ The earliest predecessor of the game probably originated in India, before the 6th century AD; a minority of historians believe the game originated in China.", "History of chess __knowledge__ From India, the game spread to Persia.", "History of chess __knowledge__ When the Arabs conquered Persia, chess was taken up by the Muslim world and subsequently spread to Southern Europe.", "History of chess __knowledge__ In Europe, chess evolved into roughly its current form in the 15th century.", "History of chess __knowledge__ The \"Romantic Era of Chess\" was the predominant chess playing style from the late 15th century to the 1880s.", "History of chess __knowledge__ Chess games of this period emphasized more on quick, tactical maneuvers rather than long-term strategic planning.", "Rules of chess __knowledge__ The rules of chess (also known as the laws of chess) are rules governing the play of the game of chess.", "Rules of chess __knowledge__ While the exact origins of chess are unclear, modern rules first took form during the Middle Ages.", "Rules of chess __knowledge__ The rules continued to be slightly modified until the early 19th century, when they reached essentially their current form.", "Rules of chess __knowledge__ The rules also varied somewhat from place to place.", "Rules of chess __knowledge__ Today, the standard rules are set by FIDE (\"Fédération Internationale des Échecs\"), the international governing body for chess.", "Rules of chess __knowledge__ Slight modifications are made by some national organizations for their own purposes.", "Rules of chess __knowledge__ There are variations of the rules for fast chess, correspondence chess, online chess, and Chess960." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Solitude __knowledge__ Solitude is a state of seclusion or isolation, i.e., lack of contact with people.", "Solitude __knowledge__ It may stem from bad relationships, loss of loved ones, deliberate choice, infectious disease, mental disorders, neurological disorders or circumstances of employment or situation (see castaway).", "Solitude __knowledge__ Short-term solitude is often valued as a time when one may work, think or rest without being disturbed.", "Solitude __knowledge__ It may be desired for the sake of privacy.", "Solitude __knowledge__ A distinction has been made between solitude and loneliness.", "Solitude __knowledge__ In this sense, these two words refer, respectively, to the joy and the pain of being alone.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Symptoms from complete isolation, called sensory deprivation, often include anxiety, sensory illusions, or even distortions of time and perception.", "Solitude __knowledge__ However, this is the case when there is no stimulation of the sensory systems at all, and not only lack of contact with people.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Thus, by having other things to keep one's mind busy, this is avoided.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Still, long-term solitude is often seen as undesirable, causing loneliness or reclusion resulting from inability to establish relationships.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Furthermore, it might even lead to clinical depression.", "Solitude __knowledge__ However, for some people, solitude is not depressing.", "Solitude __knowledge__ Still others (e.g.", "Solitude __knowledge__ monks) regard long-term solitude as a means of spiritual enlightenment.", "Skete __knowledge__ A Skete (from Coptic ϣⲓ(ϩ)ⲏⲧ via Gk.", "Skete __knowledge__ σκήτη), is a monastic community in Eastern Christianity that allows relative isolation for monks, but also allows for communal services and the safety of shared resources and protection.", "Skete __knowledge__ It is one of four early monastic orders, along with the eremitic, lavritic and coenobitic, that became popular during the early formation of the Christian Church.", "Skete __knowledge__ Skete communities usually consist of a number of small cells or caves that act as the living quarters with a centralized church or chapel.", "Skete __knowledge__ These communities are thought of as a bridge between strict hermetic lifestyle and communal lifestyles since it was a blend of the two.", "Symeon the New Theologian __knowledge__ Symeon the New Theologian (sometimes spelled \"Simeon\") (; 949–1022 AD) was a Byzantine Christian monk and poet who was the last of three saints canonized by the Eastern Orthodox church and given the title of \"Theologian\" (along with John the Apostle and Gregory of Nazianzus).", "Symeon the New Theologian __knowledge__ \"Theologian\" was not applied to Symeon in the modern academic sense of theological study; the title was designed only to recognize someone who spoke from personal experience of the vision of God.", "Symeon the New Theologian __knowledge__ One of his principal teachings was that humans could and should experience \"theoria\" (literally \"contemplation,\" or direct experience of God).", "Gabriel García Márquez __knowledge__ Gabriel José de la Concordia García Márquez (; ; 6 March 1927 – 17 April 2014) was a Colombian novelist, short-story writer, screenwriter and journalist, known affectionately as Gabo or Gabito throughout Latin America.", "Gabriel García Márquez __knowledge__ Considered one of the most significant authors of the 20th century and one of the best in the Spanish language, he was awarded the 1972 Neustadt International Prize for Literature and the 1982 Nobel Prize in Literature.", "Gabriel García Márquez __knowledge__ He pursued a self-directed education that resulted in his leaving law school for a career in journalism.", "Gabriel García Márquez __knowledge__ From early on, he showed no inhibitions in his criticism of Colombian and foreign politics.", "Majolus of Cluny __knowledge__ Saint Majolus of Cluny (Maieul, Mayeul, Mayeule) (c. 906 – May 11, 994) was an abbot of Cluny.", "Majolus of Cluny __knowledge__ Majolus' father was from a wealthy provincial family of Avignon and his name was Fulcher.", "Majolus of Cluny __knowledge__ His mother was named Raimodis.", "Majolus of Cluny __knowledge__ They had two sons, named Majolus and Cynricus.", "Majolus of Cluny __knowledge__ It is not known for sure which was the older, but traditionally the younger sons of noble families were given to the church and the elder sons were made the heirs to the father's estate, hence because Majolus became a monk, it is sometimes assumed he is the younger.", "Majolus of Cluny __knowledge__ As a youth Majolus fled his family's estates near Rietz to stay with relatives at Mâcon due to the Muslim invasions.", "Mount St Bernard Abbey __knowledge__ Mount St Bernard Abbey is a Roman Catholic (Cistercian) monastery of the Strict Observance (Trappists) near Coalville in Leicestershire, England, formerly in the parish of Whitwick and now of that in Charley, in Charnwood Forest, founded in 1835.", "Mount St Bernard Abbey __knowledge__ The abbey has the distinction of being the first permanent monastery to be founded in England since the Reformation and is the only Cistercian house in England.", "Mount St Bernard Abbey __knowledge__ The early history of Mount Saint Bernard Abbey is inextricably linked with an earlier, short-lived foundation of Cistercian monks in Lulworth, Dorset and the Abbey of Mount Melleray in Ireland.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from the \"Forgotten Realms\" campaign setting for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters have appeared in the multiple series of novels set in the \"Forgotten Realms\".", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Many have some magical abilities.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Aballister Bonaduce is the nemesis of his son Cadderly Bonaduce, the main character of R.A. Salvatore's The Cleric Quintet.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Calculating, cold, and merciless, Aballister is determined to complete his conquest of the region.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Guided by the goddess Talona, Mistress of Poison, Aballister creates The Chaos Curse and unleashes it upon The Edificant Library, home of Cadderly and his friends.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the \"MÄR\" series developed and designed by Nobuyuki Anzai.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ (虎水ギンタ \"Toramizu Ginta\") (バッボ) Babbo is a unique ÄRM that was first wielded by Phantom and is later wielded by Ginta.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ He resembles a metal kendama.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ He contained the soul of the previous Elder of Caldia.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ Babbo has many forms: (スノウ, \"Sunou\") Snow who was on the run from her step mother with her servant and good friend Ed.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ People were told by the queen to kill her.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ Much later they find an abandoned castle.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ As they explore it Snow decided to seal herself away in ice.", "List of MÄR characters __knowledge__ Ed tried to convince her to not seal herself, but Snow reminded him about the fact of the people after her and told him to run.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ Robert James Fischer (March 9, 1943January 17, 2008) was an American chess grandmaster and the eleventh World Chess Champion.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ Many consider him to be the greatest chess player of all time.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ In 1972, he captured the World Chess Championship from Boris Spassky of the USSR in a match held in Reykjavík, Iceland, publicized as a Cold War confrontation, which attracted more worldwide interest than any chess championship before or since.", "Bobby Fischer __knowledge__ In 1975, Fischer refused to defend his title when an agreement could not be reached with FIDE, the game's international governing body, over one of the conditions for the match.", "Chess __knowledge__ Chess is a two-player strategy board game played on a chessboard, a checkered gameboard with 64 squares arranged in an 8×8 grid.", "Chess __knowledge__ The game is played by millions of people worldwide.", "Chess __knowledge__ Each player begins with 16 pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two knights, two bishops, and eight pawns.", "Chess __knowledge__ Each of the six piece types moves differently, with the most powerful being the queen and the least powerful the pawn.", "Chess __knowledge__ The objective is to \"checkmate\" the opponent's king by placing it under an inescapable threat of capture.", "Chess __knowledge__ To this end, a player's pieces are used to attack and capture the opponent's pieces, while supporting each other.", "Computer chess __knowledge__ Computer chess is a game of computer architecture encompassing hardware and software capable of playing chess autonomously without human guidance.", "Computer chess __knowledge__ Computer chess acts as solo entertainment (allowing players to practice and to better themselves when no sufficiently strong human opponents are available), as aids to chess analysis, for computer chess competitions, and as research to provide insights into human cognition.", "Computer chess __knowledge__ Current chess engines are able to defeat even the strongest human players under normal conditions.", "Computer chess __knowledge__ Whether computation could ever solve chess remains an open question.", "Computer chess __knowledge__ Chess-playing computers are now accessible to the average consumer.", "Chess in China __knowledge__ China is a major chess power, with the women's team winning silver medals at the Olympiad in 2010, 2012, and 2014; the men's team winning gold at the 2014 Olympiad, and the average rating for the country's top ten players second in the FIDE rankings at the end of 2014.", "Chess in China __knowledge__ Chinese progress has been underpinned by large government support and testing competition in numerous tough events.", "Chess in China __knowledge__ Currently nine of the world's top hundred players, including current Women's World Chess Champion Hou Yifan are from China.", "Chess in China __knowledge__ However, countries like , , , Armenia and still have an edge in experience over their Chinese counterparts.", "Howard Staunton __knowledge__ Howard Staunton (1810 – 22 June 1874) was an English chess master who is generally regarded as having been the world's strongest player from 1843 to 1851, largely as a result of his 1843 victory over Saint-Amant.", "Howard Staunton __knowledge__ He promoted a chess set of clearly distinguishable pieces of standardised shape—the Staunton pattern promulgated by Nathaniel Cook—that is still the style required for competitions.", "Howard Staunton __knowledge__ He was the principal organiser of the first international chess tournament in 1851, which made England the world's leading chess centre and caused Adolf Anderssen to be recognised as the world's strongest player.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ Sven Magnus Øen Carlsen (; born 30 November 1990) is a Norwegian chess grandmaster and the current World Chess Champion.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ A chess prodigy, Carlsen earned his grandmaster title at the age of 13 years and 148 days.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ He surpassed an Elo rating of 2800 in 2009 and reached No.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ 1 in the FIDE rankings in 2010, becoming the youngest person ever to achieve those feats.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ Carlsen became World Champion in 2013 by defeating Viswanathan Anand.", "Magnus Carlsen __knowledge__ In the subsequent year, he retained his title against Anand, won both the 2014 World Rapid Championship and World Blitz Championship, thus becoming the first player to simultaneously hold all three titles, and reached a peak rating of 2882, the highest in history." ] ]

[ 4, 33, 19, 43, 6 ]

[ "Solitude: Everyone needs their privacy and the ability to get away from their life even for just a while.", "That reminds me of Bobby Fischer having to go out for walks after spending days in his room studying chess", "Lol, it's just a special move to protect the king, I think. Chess is an interesting game, no about", "Chess: Definitely, but it's much more meaningful around people that you can grow and progress with", "Solitude: You know, I never thought of solitude that way before." ]

[ "Solitude", "Solitude", "Solitude", "Solitude", "Solitude" ]

[ "Corn dog\nDo you have a preference as to the type of hot dog you like to eat? Corn dog or hot dog?", "I think I prefer corndogs. It's less unwieldy than a regular hot dog. Do you have any condiments you like on them?", "Ooh, that just happened today! Joey Chestnut ate 74 hot dogs!", "I've never been to a Nathan's but I bet that would be cool too." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Corn dog __knowledge__ A corn dog (also spelled corndog) is a sausage (usually a hot dog) on a stick that has been coated in a thick layer of cornmeal batter and deep fried.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ Newly arrived German Texan sausage-makers, finding resistance to the sausages they used to make, have been credited with introducing the corn dog to the United States, though the serving stick came later.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ A US patent filed in 1927, granted in 1929, for a \"Combined Dipping, Cooking, and Article Holding Apparatus,\" describes corn dogs, among other fried food impaled on a stick; it reads in part: In \"300 Years of Kitchen Collectibles\", author Linda Campbell Franklin states that a \"Krusty Korn Dog\" baker machine appeared in the 1929 Albert Pick-L. Barth wholesale catalog of hotel and restaurant supplies.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ The 'korn dogs' were baked in a corn batter and resembled ears of corn when cooked.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ A number of current corn dog vendors claim responsibility for the invention and/or popularization of the corn dog.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ Carl and Neil Fletcher lay such a claim, having introduced their \"Corny Dogs\" at the Texas State Fair sometime between 1938 and 1942.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ The Pronto Pup vendors at the Minnesota State Fair claim to have invented the corn dog in 1941.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ Cozy Dog Drive-in, in Springfield, Illinois, claims to have been the first to serve corn dogs on sticks, on June 16, 1946.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ This is a listing of regional variations on the hot dog.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Different areas of the world have local variations on the type of meat used, condiments, and means of preparation, which are enumerated below.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs are very popular throughout the United States.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Many regional variations exist.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs made with caribou meat added are sold as \"reindeer dogs\" throughout Alaska.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ The Sonoran hot dog is popular in Tucson, Phoenix, and elsewhere in southern Arizona, as well as in the neighboring Mexican state of Sonora.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ It is a hot dog wrapped in mesquite-smoked bacon, cooked on a grill or on a griddle or comal, then topped with pinto beans, onions, tomatoes, mayonnaise, mustard and jalapeño salsa or sauce, and served on a bolillo roll, often with a side of fresh-roasted chili pepper.", "Hot dog __knowledge__ A hot dog (also spelled hotdog), also known as a frankfurter (sometimes shortened to frank), dog, or wiener, is a cooked sausage, traditionally grilled or steamed and served in a partially sliced bun.", "Hot dog __knowledge__ It is a type of sausage sandwich.", "Hot dog __knowledge__ Typical garnishes include mustard, ketchup, onions, mayonnaise, relish, coleslaw, cheese, chili, olives, and sauerkraut.", "Hot dog __knowledge__ Hot dog variants include the corn dog and pig in a blanket.", "Hot dog __knowledge__ The hot dog's cultural traditions include the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest and the Oscar Mayer Wienermobile.", "Hot dog __knowledge__ This type of sausage was culturally imported from Germany and popularized in the United States, where it became a working-class street food sold at hot dog stands and carts.", "Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) __knowledge__ A timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) encompasses the ingenuity and innovative advancements of the United States within a historical context, dating from the Progressive Era to the end of World War II, which have been achieved by inventors who are either native-born or naturalized citizens of the United States.", "Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) __knowledge__ Copyright protection secures a person's right to his or her first-to-invent claim of the \"original\" invention in question, highlighted in Article I, Section 8, Clause 8 of the United States Constitution which gives the following enumerated power to the United States Congress: In 1641, the first patent in North America was issued to Samuel Winslow by the General Court of Massachusetts for a new method of making salt.", "Sausage __knowledge__ A sausage is a cylindrical meat product usually made from ground meat, often pork, beef, or veal, along with salt, spices and other flavourings, and breadcrumbs, encased by a skin.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Typically, a sausage is formed in a casing traditionally made from intestine, but sometimes from synthetic materials.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausages that are sold raw are cooked in many ways, including pan-frying, broiling and barbecuing.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Some sausages are cooked during processing and the casing may then be removed.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausage making is a traditional food preservation technique.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausages may be preserved by curing, drying (often in association with fermentation or culturing, which can contribute to preservation), smoking, or freezing.", "Hot Dog days __knowledge__ Hot Dog Days are informal events that are celebrated in communities throughout the hotdog-eating world, including the United States, Canada, Great Britain and Australia.", "Hot Dog days __knowledge__ Their origin is obscure.", "Hot Dog days __knowledge__ As the name suggests, the festivals revolve around eating hot dogs, but usually there are many other activities such as wiener dog races, root beer chugging contests, and face painting.", "Hot Dog days __knowledge__ Often the proceeds from a hot dog day are given to charity.", "Hot Dog days __knowledge__ Industry groups, such as National Hot Dog and Sausage Council in the USA, encourage, sponsor, and support the events.", "Hot Dog days __knowledge__ The Council designates July as National Hot Dog Month; National Hot Dog Day varies year to year – in 2017 it falls on Wednesday, July 19 – based on when the North American Meat Institute hosts its annual Hot Dog Lunch on Capitol Hill.", "Chicago-style hot dog __knowledge__ A Chicago-style hot dog, Chicago Dog, or Chicago Red Hot is an all-beef frankfurter on a poppy seed bun, originating from the city of Chicago, Illinois.", "Chicago-style hot dog __knowledge__ The hot dog is topped with yellow mustard, chopped white onions, bright green sweet pickle relish, a dill pickle spear, tomato slices or wedges, pickled sport peppers and a dash of celery salt.", "Chicago-style hot dog __knowledge__ The complete assembly of a Chicago hot dog is said to be \"dragged through the garden\" due to the many toppings.", "Chicago-style hot dog __knowledge__ The method for cooking the hot dog itself varies depending on the vendor's preference.", "Chicago-style hot dog __knowledge__ Most often they are steamed, water-simmered, or less often grilled over charcoal (in which case they are referred to as \"char-dogs\")." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Corn dog __knowledge__ A corn dog (also spelled corndog) is a sausage (usually a hot dog) on a stick that has been coated in a thick layer of cornmeal batter and deep fried.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ Newly arrived German Texan sausage-makers, finding resistance to the sausages they used to make, have been credited with introducing the corn dog to the United States, though the serving stick came later.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ A US patent filed in 1927, granted in 1929, for a \"Combined Dipping, Cooking, and Article Holding Apparatus,\" describes corn dogs, among other fried food impaled on a stick; it reads in part: In \"300 Years of Kitchen Collectibles\", author Linda Campbell Franklin states that a \"Krusty Korn Dog\" baker machine appeared in the 1929 Albert Pick-L. Barth wholesale catalog of hotel and restaurant supplies.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ The 'korn dogs' were baked in a corn batter and resembled ears of corn when cooked.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ A number of current corn dog vendors claim responsibility for the invention and/or popularization of the corn dog.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ Carl and Neil Fletcher lay such a claim, having introduced their \"Corny Dogs\" at the Texas State Fair sometime between 1938 and 1942.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ The Pronto Pup vendors at the Minnesota State Fair claim to have invented the corn dog in 1941.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ Cozy Dog Drive-in, in Springfield, Illinois, claims to have been the first to serve corn dogs on sticks, on June 16, 1946.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ This is a listing of regional variations on the hot dog.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Different areas of the world have local variations on the type of meat used, condiments, and means of preparation, which are enumerated below.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs are very popular throughout the United States.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Many regional variations exist.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs made with caribou meat added are sold as \"reindeer dogs\" throughout Alaska.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ The Sonoran hot dog is popular in Tucson, Phoenix, and elsewhere in southern Arizona, as well as in the neighboring Mexican state of Sonora.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ It is a hot dog wrapped in mesquite-smoked bacon, cooked on a grill or on a griddle or comal, then topped with pinto beans, onions, tomatoes, mayonnaise, mustard and jalapeño salsa or sauce, and served on a bolillo roll, often with a side of fresh-roasted chili pepper.", "Hot dog __knowledge__ A hot dog (also spelled hotdog), also known as a frankfurter (sometimes shortened to frank), dog, or wiener, is a cooked sausage, traditionally grilled or steamed and served in a partially sliced bun.", "Hot dog __knowledge__ It is a type of sausage sandwich.", "Hot dog __knowledge__ Typical garnishes include mustard, ketchup, onions, mayonnaise, relish, coleslaw, cheese, chili, olives, and sauerkraut.", "Hot dog __knowledge__ Hot dog variants include the corn dog and pig in a blanket.", "Hot dog __knowledge__ The hot dog's cultural traditions include the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest and the Oscar Mayer Wienermobile.", "Hot dog __knowledge__ This type of sausage was culturally imported from Germany and popularized in the United States, where it became a working-class street food sold at hot dog stands and carts.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Hot dog cart __knowledge__ A hot dog cart is a specialized mobile food stand for preparing and selling street food, specifically hot dogs, to passersby.", "Hot dog cart __knowledge__ In some jurisdictions, a cart operator must meet stringent health regulations designed to protect the public.", "Hot dog cart __knowledge__ Hot dog carts are quick and easy food services, supplying millions of people with food every day.", "Hot dog cart __knowledge__ In 2015 the U.S.", "Hot dog cart __knowledge__ Hot Dog Council estimated that 15% of the approximately 10 billion hot dogs consumed by Americans in 2014 were purchased from a mobile hot dog vendor cart.", "Hot dog cart __knowledge__ Hot dog carts are very common in New York City, and most of the hot dogs purveyed by hot dog carts in New York City are sourced from Sabrett.", "Half-smoke __knowledge__ A half-smoke is a \"local sausage delicacy\" found in Washington, D.C., and the surrounding region.", "Half-smoke __knowledge__ Similar to a hot dog, but usually larger, spicier, and with more coarsely-ground meat, the sausage is often half-pork and half-beef, smoked, and served with herbs, onion, and chili sauce.", "Half-smoke __knowledge__ The etymology of \"half-smoke\" possibly comes from the original half-pork, half-beef composition, the ingredients and smoked method of preparation.", "Half-smoke __knowledge__ Another possible explanation is that the texture and flavor is halfway between smoked sausage and a regular hot dog.", "Half-smoke __knowledge__ Yet another explanation is that it refers to cooks cutting the sausage in half when grilling.", "Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest __knowledge__ The Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest is an annual American hot dog competitive eating competition.", "Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest __knowledge__ It is held each year on Independence Day at Nathan's Famous Corporation's original, and best-known restaurant at the corner of Surf and Stillwell Avenues in Coney Island, a neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York City.", "Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest __knowledge__ The contest has gained public attention in recent years due to the stardom of Takeru Kobayashi and Joey Chestnut.", "Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest __knowledge__ The defending champion is Joey Chestnut, who ate 72 hot dogs in the 2017 contest.", "Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest __knowledge__ He beat out Carmen Cincotti and the 2015 champ, Matt Stonie.", "Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest __knowledge__ Major League Eating (MLE), formerly known as the International Federation of Competitive Eating (IFOCE), has sanctioned the event since 1997.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Maize __knowledge__ Maize ( ; \"Zea mays\" subsp.", "Maize __knowledge__ \"mays\", from after Taíno \"mahiz\"), also known as corn, is a cereal grain first domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 10,000 years ago.", "Maize __knowledge__ The leafy stalk of the plant produces separate pollen and ovuliferous inflorescences or ears, which are fruits, yielding kernels or seeds.", "Maize __knowledge__ Maize has become a staple food in many parts of the world, with total production surpassing that of wheat or rice.", "Maize __knowledge__ However, not all of this maize is consumed directly by humans.", "Maize __knowledge__ Some of the maize production is used for corn ethanol, animal feed and other , such as corn starch and corn syrup.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A pancake (or hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack) is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan, often frying with oil or butter.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In Britain, pancakes are often unleavened and resemble a crêpe.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In North America, a leavening agent is used (typically baking powder).", "Pancake __knowledge__ American pancakes are similar to Scotch pancakes or drop scones.", "Pancake __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence suggests that pancakes were probably the earliest and most widespread cereal food eaten in prehistoric societies.", "Pancake __knowledge__ The pancake's shape and structure varies worldwide.", "Cornbread __knowledge__ Cornbread is a generic name for any number of quick breads containing cornmeal.", "Cornbread __knowledge__ They are usually leavened by baking powder.", "Cornbread __knowledge__ Native Americans had been using ground corn (maize) for food thousands of years before European explorers arrived in the New World.", "Cornbread __knowledge__ European settlers, especially those who resided in the English Southern Colonies, learned the original recipes and processes for corn dishes from the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Creek, and soon they devised recipes for using cornmeal in breads similar to those made of grains available in Europe.", "Cornbread __knowledge__ Cornbread has been called a \"cornerstone\" of the Cuisine of the Southern United States." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Corn dog __knowledge__ A corn dog (also spelled corndog) is a sausage (usually a hot dog) on a stick that has been coated in a thick layer of cornmeal batter and deep fried.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ Newly arrived German Texan sausage-makers, finding resistance to the sausages they used to make, have been credited with introducing the corn dog to the United States, though the serving stick came later.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ A US patent filed in 1927, granted in 1929, for a \"Combined Dipping, Cooking, and Article Holding Apparatus,\" describes corn dogs, among other fried food impaled on a stick; it reads in part: In \"300 Years of Kitchen Collectibles\", author Linda Campbell Franklin states that a \"Krusty Korn Dog\" baker machine appeared in the 1929 Albert Pick-L. Barth wholesale catalog of hotel and restaurant supplies.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ The 'korn dogs' were baked in a corn batter and resembled ears of corn when cooked.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ A number of current corn dog vendors claim responsibility for the invention and/or popularization of the corn dog.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ Carl and Neil Fletcher lay such a claim, having introduced their \"Corny Dogs\" at the Texas State Fair sometime between 1938 and 1942.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ The Pronto Pup vendors at the Minnesota State Fair claim to have invented the corn dog in 1941.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ Cozy Dog Drive-in, in Springfield, Illinois, claims to have been the first to serve corn dogs on sticks, on June 16, 1946.", "Joey Chestnut __knowledge__ Joseph \"Joey\" Christian Chestnut (born November 25, 1983) is an American competitive eater.", "Joey Chestnut __knowledge__ He is currently ranked first in the world by Major League Eating.", "Joey Chestnut __knowledge__ He is a Vallejo, California, native and resides in San Jose, California.", "Joey Chestnut __knowledge__ Chestnut's height is 6-feet-one-inch (1.9 m); his weight is 230 pounds (104 kg).", "Joey Chestnut __knowledge__ On July 4, 2007, Chestnut won the 92nd Annual Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest, beating six-time defending champion Takeru \"Tsunami\" Kobayashi by consuming 66 hot dogs and buns (HDB) in 12 minutes, which set a new world record.", "Joey Chestnut __knowledge__ The following year, he successfully defended his title by winning a 5 hot dog eat-off after tying Kobayashi in consuming 59 HDB in 10 minutes.", "Takeru Kobayashi __knowledge__ Born in Nagano, Japan, Kobayashi set his first record at his rookie appearance on July 4, 2001, when he ate 50 hot dogs in 12 minutes at the Nathan's Coney Island Hot Dog Eating Contest, doubling the previous record of 25.", "Takeru Kobayashi __knowledge__ The record was so unexpected that when Kobayashi got to the later numbers, the organizers ran out of signs indicating how many dogs Kobayashi had eaten and had to resort to handwritten signs.", "Takeru Kobayashi __knowledge__ Kobayashi would go on to break his own record three times in winning the contest six consecutive times (2001–2006).", "Takeru Kobayashi __knowledge__ In the 2006 Krystal Square Off, Kobayashi's mark of 97 hamburgers was 30 better than his winning total in 2005 and 28 better than the World Record he set in 2004.", "Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest __knowledge__ The Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest is an annual American hot dog competitive eating competition.", "Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest __knowledge__ It is held each year on Independence Day at Nathan's Famous Corporation's original, and best-known restaurant at the corner of Surf and Stillwell Avenues in Coney Island, a neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York City.", "Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest __knowledge__ The contest has gained public attention in recent years due to the stardom of Takeru Kobayashi and Joey Chestnut.", "Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest __knowledge__ The defending champion is Joey Chestnut, who ate 72 hot dogs in the 2017 contest.", "Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest __knowledge__ He beat out Carmen Cincotti and the 2015 champ, Matt Stonie.", "Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest __knowledge__ Major League Eating (MLE), formerly known as the International Federation of Competitive Eating (IFOCE), has sanctioned the event since 1997.", "Competitive eating __knowledge__ Competitive eating, or speed eating, is an activity in which participants compete against each other to consume large quantities of food in a short time period.", "Competitive eating __knowledge__ Contests are typically eight to ten minutes long, although some competitions can last up to thirty minutes, with the person consuming the most food being declared the winner.", "Competitive eating __knowledge__ Competitive eating is most popular in the United States, Canada, and Japan, where organized professional eating contests often offer prizes, including cash.", "Competitive eating __knowledge__ Traditionally, eating contests, often involving pies, were events at county fairs.", "Competitive eating __knowledge__ The recent surge in the popularity of competitive eating is due in large part to the development of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest, an annual holiday tradition that has been held on July 4 virtually every year since the 1970s at Coney Island.", "Sonya Thomas __knowledge__ Sonya Thomas (born Lee Sun-kyung on July 26, 1967), also known by her nickname The Black Widow, and \"The Leader of the Four Horsemen of the Esophagus\", is a top-ranked South Korean-born American competitive eater from Alexandria, Virginia.", "Sonya Thomas __knowledge__ Thomas joined the International Federation of Competitive Eating in 2003 and quickly rose to the top of the ranks, beating competitive eaters such as Ed \"Cookie\" Jarvis and Eric Booker.", "Sonya Thomas __knowledge__ The 98-pound Thomas is the number four competitive eater in the United States.", "Sonya Thomas __knowledge__ Her nickname \"The Black Widow\" refers to her ability to regularly defeat men four to five times her size.", "Matt Stonie __knowledge__ Matthew \"Megatoad\" Kai Stonie (born May 24, 1992) is an American competitive eater and is the number three ranked competitive eater in Major League Eating.", "Matt Stonie __knowledge__ Stonie won the 2015 Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest, dethroning 8-time defending champion Joey Chestnut, but lost the title in 2016.", "Matt Stonie __knowledge__ Stonie was born on May 26, 1992, in San Francisco, California.", "Matt Stonie __knowledge__ He is of Japanese and European ancestry, more precisely Czechoslovakian and Lithuanian.", "Matt Stonie __knowledge__ He attended Evergreen Valley High School in San Jose, California.", "Matt Stonie __knowledge__ Matt's Major League Eating debut was at the Stockton Deep Fried Asparagus Championship in Stockton, California in 2011.", "Patrick Bertoletti __knowledge__ Patrick \"Deep Dish\" Bertoletti is an American competitive eater from Chicago.", "Patrick Bertoletti __knowledge__ On January 2, 2007, he became the first person to complete the Sasquatch Burger Contest at Bigfoot Lodge Cafe in Memphis, Tennessee.", "Patrick Bertoletti __knowledge__ 679 people had tried to finish the burger and fries that starts with 4 lbs of hamburger meat on a homemade bun, Bertoletti finished the meal in 11 minutes and 5 seconds.", "Patrick Bertoletti __knowledge__ On July 4, 2007, he finished third in the 92nd annual Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest in Coney Island, Brooklyn, New York, having eaten 49 hot dogs and buns in that competition.", "Patrick Bertoletti __knowledge__ Only two others have ever eaten more during the contest.", "Major League Eating __knowledge__ Major League Eating (MLE) is an organization that sanctions professional competitive eating events and television specials.", "Major League Eating __knowledge__ The stated mission of Major League Eating is to maintain a safe environment for all events, to create a dynamic and enjoyable fan experience, and to help sponsors develop, publicize and execute eating events in a wide variety of food disciplines.", "Major League Eating __knowledge__ The league airs its annual Nathan's Famous Fourth of July International Hot Dog Eating Contest on ESPN.", "Major League Eating __knowledge__ Brothers George and Richard Shea took over Nathan's publicity in the mid-1990s and were able to increase the exposure and attendance of Nathan's hot dog eating contest.", "Tim Janus __knowledge__ Tim Janus (born December 31, 1976) is an American entertainer, media personality and retired competitive eater known in the competitive eating community as \"Eater X.\"", "Tim Janus __knowledge__ He is a member of the International Federation of Competitive Eating (IFOCE).", "Tim Janus __knowledge__ He always performs in contests wearing a painted mask and once stated, \"I'd eat anything.", "Tim Janus __knowledge__ One of my goals in life is to eat everything in the world at least once.", "Tim Janus __knowledge__ I'd eat a roll of pennies if I thought I could set a world record.", "Tim Janus __knowledge__ Some day I hope we make contact with beings from other planets.", "Tim Janus __knowledge__ I'd love to eat alien.\"", "Tim Janus __knowledge__ The IFOCE's 2004 Rookie of the Year, in the summer of 2005 Janus advanced to the Final Four of the inaugural Alka Seltzer U.S. Open of Competitive Eating, a single-elimination tournament featuring 32 of the world's best eaters." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Corn dog __knowledge__ A corn dog (also spelled corndog) is a sausage (usually a hot dog) on a stick that has been coated in a thick layer of cornmeal batter and deep fried.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ Newly arrived German Texan sausage-makers, finding resistance to the sausages they used to make, have been credited with introducing the corn dog to the United States, though the serving stick came later.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ A US patent filed in 1927, granted in 1929, for a \"Combined Dipping, Cooking, and Article Holding Apparatus,\" describes corn dogs, among other fried food impaled on a stick; it reads in part: In \"300 Years of Kitchen Collectibles\", author Linda Campbell Franklin states that a \"Krusty Korn Dog\" baker machine appeared in the 1929 Albert Pick-L. Barth wholesale catalog of hotel and restaurant supplies.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ The 'korn dogs' were baked in a corn batter and resembled ears of corn when cooked.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ A number of current corn dog vendors claim responsibility for the invention and/or popularization of the corn dog.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ Carl and Neil Fletcher lay such a claim, having introduced their \"Corny Dogs\" at the Texas State Fair sometime between 1938 and 1942.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ The Pronto Pup vendors at the Minnesota State Fair claim to have invented the corn dog in 1941.", "Corn dog __knowledge__ Cozy Dog Drive-in, in Springfield, Illinois, claims to have been the first to serve corn dogs on sticks, on June 16, 1946.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "Guys and Dolls __knowledge__ Guys and Dolls is a musical with music and lyrics by Frank Loesser and book by Jo Swerling and Abe Burrows.", "Guys and Dolls __knowledge__ It is based on \"The Idyll of Miss Sarah Brown\" and \"Blood Pressure\"two short stories by Damon Runyonand also borrows characters and plot elements from other Runyon storiesmost notably \"Pick the Winner\".", "Guys and Dolls __knowledge__ The premiere on Broadway was in 1950.", "Guys and Dolls __knowledge__ It ran for 1200 performances and won the Tony Award for Best Musical.", "Guys and Dolls __knowledge__ The musical has had several Broadway and London revivals, as well as a 1955 film adaptation starring Marlon Brando, Jean Simmons, Frank Sinatra and Vivian Blaine.", "Guys and Dolls __knowledge__ \"Guys and Dolls\" was selected as the winner of the 1951 Pulitzer Prize for Drama.", "Nathan Scott __knowledge__ Nathan Royal Scott is a fictional character from the CW television series \"One Tree Hill\", portrayed by James Lafferty.", "Nathan Scott __knowledge__ Following Lucas Scott's departure, Nathan has become the main character and central figure of the show.", "Nathan Scott __knowledge__ Nathan is Lucas's younger half-brother.", "Nathan Scott __knowledge__ He fell in love with Lucas's best friend, Haley James; despite various problems in their relationship, the couple was eventually married and had a son, Jamie, in season four and a daughter, Lydia, in season eight.", "Nathan Scott __knowledge__ Considered to be an anti-hero at the beginning of the first season, Nathan became a much nicer and caring person as the series progressed due to his relationships with Haley and Lucas.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ In the game of poker, the play largely centers on the act of betting, and as such, a protocol has been developed to speed up play, lessen confusion, and increase security while playing.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ Different games are played using different types of bets, and small variations in etiquette exist between cardrooms, but for the most part the following rules and protocol are observed by the majority of poker players.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ Players in a poker game act in turn, in clockwise rotation (acting out of turn can negatively affect other players).", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ When it is a player's turn to act, the first verbal declaration or action they take binds them to their choice of action; this rule prevents a player from changing their action after seeing how other players react to their initial, verbal action.", "Nathan Wylde __knowledge__ Nathan Wylde is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera, \"Emmerdale\", played by Lyndon Ogbourne.", "Nathan Wylde __knowledge__ He made his first on-screen appearance on 17 February 2009 and his last on 26 November 2010.", "Nathan Wylde __knowledge__ Nathan and his sister, Maisie, arrive in the village for their father's 50th birthday party.", "Nathan Wylde __knowledge__ Nathan is immediately attracted to Katie Sugden (Sammy Winward), and when he hears that she has a date with Lee Naylor (Lewis Linford), Nathan delays him with questions about his work.", "Nathan Wylde __knowledge__ Nathan - who attended agricultural college - is tasked with running the estate by his parents.", "Nathan Wylde __knowledge__ Nathan continues pursuing Katie, causing trouble between her and Lee by successfully manipulating them both.", "Nathan Petrelli __knowledge__ Nathan Petrelli, portrayed by Adrian Pasdar, is a fictional character on the NBC science fiction drama series \"Heroes\".", "Nathan Petrelli __knowledge__ He is a New York City lawyer-turned-senator with the power of self-propelled flight.", "Nathan Petrelli __knowledge__ Ambitious and pragmatic, Nathan has a decidedly anti-hero streak, which exacerbates his complex relationship with his brother, Peter Petrelli.", "Nathan Petrelli __knowledge__ Nathan was the main villain at the beginning of \"Volume 4: Fugitives\", but, after being exposed as an evolved human by Danko, redeemed himself.", "Nathan Petrelli __knowledge__ After being killed in battle by Sylar, a copy of Nathan's mind was created to control Sylar's body so he still lived in some form, but he eventually lost control to Sylar and was then dead for good.", "Guys and Dolls (film) __knowledge__ Guys and Dolls is a 1955 musical film starring Marlon Brando, Jean Simmons, Frank Sinatra and Vivian Blaine.", "Guys and Dolls (film) __knowledge__ The film was made by Samuel Goldwyn Productions and distributed by MGM.", "Guys and Dolls (film) __knowledge__ It was directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz, who also wrote the screenplay.", "Guys and Dolls (film) __knowledge__ The film is based on the 1950 Broadway musical by composer and lyricist Frank Loesser, with a book by Jo Swerling and Abe Burrows based on \"The Idyll of Miss Sarah Brown\" and \"Blood Pressure\", two short stories by Damon Runyon.", "Guys and Dolls (film) __knowledge__ Dances were choreographed by Michael Kidd, who had also staged the dances for the Broadway production.", "Guys and Dolls (film) __knowledge__ At Samuel Goldwyn and Joseph L. Mankiewicz's request, Frank Loesser wrote three new songs for the film: \"Pet Me Poppa\", \"(Your Eyes Are the Eyes of) A Woman in Love\", and \"Adelaide\", the last written specifically for Sinatra.", "Joey Chestnut __knowledge__ Joseph \"Joey\" Christian Chestnut (born November 25, 1983) is an American competitive eater.", "Joey Chestnut __knowledge__ He is currently ranked first in the world by Major League Eating.", "Joey Chestnut __knowledge__ He is a Vallejo, California, native and resides in San Jose, California.", "Joey Chestnut __knowledge__ Chestnut's height is 6-feet-one-inch (1.9 m); his weight is 230 pounds (104 kg).", "Joey Chestnut __knowledge__ On July 4, 2007, Chestnut won the 92nd Annual Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest, beating six-time defending champion Takeru \"Tsunami\" Kobayashi by consuming 66 hot dogs and buns (HDB) in 12 minutes, which set a new world record.", "Joey Chestnut __knowledge__ The following year, he successfully defended his title by winning a 5 hot dog eat-off after tying Kobayashi in consuming 59 HDB in 10 minutes.", "Competitive eating __knowledge__ Competitive eating, or speed eating, is an activity in which participants compete against each other to consume large quantities of food in a short time period.", "Competitive eating __knowledge__ Contests are typically eight to ten minutes long, although some competitions can last up to thirty minutes, with the person consuming the most food being declared the winner.", "Competitive eating __knowledge__ Competitive eating is most popular in the United States, Canada, and Japan, where organized professional eating contests often offer prizes, including cash.", "Competitive eating __knowledge__ Traditionally, eating contests, often involving pies, were events at county fairs.", "Competitive eating __knowledge__ The recent surge in the popularity of competitive eating is due in large part to the development of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest, an annual holiday tradition that has been held on July 4 virtually every year since the 1970s at Coney Island.", "Sonya Thomas __knowledge__ Sonya Thomas (born Lee Sun-kyung on July 26, 1967), also known by her nickname The Black Widow, and \"The Leader of the Four Horsemen of the Esophagus\", is a top-ranked South Korean-born American competitive eater from Alexandria, Virginia.", "Sonya Thomas __knowledge__ Thomas joined the International Federation of Competitive Eating in 2003 and quickly rose to the top of the ranks, beating competitive eaters such as Ed \"Cookie\" Jarvis and Eric Booker.", "Sonya Thomas __knowledge__ The 98-pound Thomas is the number four competitive eater in the United States.", "Sonya Thomas __knowledge__ Her nickname \"The Black Widow\" refers to her ability to regularly defeat men four to five times her size.", "Daniel Nathans __knowledge__ Daniel Nathans (October 30, 1928 – November 16, 1999) was an American microbiologist.", "Daniel Nathans __knowledge__ He shared the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of restriction enzymes.", "Daniel Nathans __knowledge__ Nathans was born in Wilmington, Delaware, the last of nine children born to Russian Jewish immigrant parents, Sarah (Levitan) and Samuel Nathans.", "Daniel Nathans __knowledge__ During the Great Depression his father lost his small business and was unemployed for a long period of time.", "Daniel Nathans __knowledge__ Nathans went to public schools and then to the University of Delaware, where he received his BS degree in chemistry in 1950.", "Daniel Nathans __knowledge__ He received his MD degree from Washington University in St. Louis in 1954.", "Dale Boone __knowledge__ Dale Boone (born 1966) is an American competitive eater who holds several records for, among others, devouring pelmeni and hot dogs.", "Dale Boone __knowledge__ Having been featured on numerous television programmes, he has proclaimed himself \"Mouth of the South\".", "Dale Boone __knowledge__ Boone claims to be the great grandson of Daniel Boone.", "Dale Boone __knowledge__ Dale Boone was born in 1966 in Brookhaven and was raised in East Point, located south of Atlanta.", "Dale Boone __knowledge__ Boone credits the first eating competition he entered as a watermelon-eating contest in Locust Grove.", "Dale Boone __knowledge__ Boone joined competitive eating as a professional in 2000.", "Dale Boone __knowledge__ That year, he was awarded the title of \"Rookie of the Year\" by the International Federation of Competitive Eating (IFOCE).", "Miki Sudo __knowledge__ Miki Victoria Sudo is an American competitive eater.", "Miki Sudo __knowledge__ Her most significant accomplishments are her victories in the women's competition at Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest in 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017.", "Miki Sudo __knowledge__ Her 2014 victory in the contest unseated Sonya Thomas, who had won the women's competition since its inception in 2011.", "Miki Sudo __knowledge__ Sudo was born in New York to a Japanese father and European American mother.", "Miki Sudo __knowledge__ At the age of five, she moved to Japan with her family, and lived there for seven years before returning to the United States.", "Miki Sudo __knowledge__ Sudo entered the competitive eating circuit in 2013, winning a pho eating contest.", "Luca$ __knowledge__ \"Luca$\" (pronounced \"Luca-dollar\") is the seventeenth episode of the 25th season of the American animated sitcom \"The Simpsons\", and the 547th episode of the series.", "Luca$ __knowledge__ It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on April 6, 2014.", "Luca$ __knowledge__ It was written by Carolyn Omine and directed by Chris Clements.", "Luca$ __knowledge__ In the episode, Marge thinks that Lisa is dating below her standards when she brings home a competitive eater-in-training named Lucas Bortner, so she enlists Homer to help Lisa explore other options.", "Luca$ __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Bart receives gifts from Snake Jailbird for helping him get out of a jam, but when a betrayal from Milhouse sends Snake back to prison, Bart hatches a plan to get him out." ] ]

[ 4, 35, 9, 55 ]

[ "I prefer corndogs! speccially when they were baked in a corn batter and resembled ears of corn when cooked! so american! how about you?", "I like them with just mustar like they served them at nathans hot dog eating contest, that they celebrate annually!", "Yes! he was born the same date as me, november 25, 1983, he is such an american competitive eater! did you go to nathans?", "It is unique in nathans because they serve hot dogs, traditionally, eating contests, often involve pies at county fairs, i could hold not even 10 hot dogs!" ]

[ "Corn dog", "Corn dog", "Corn dog", "Corn dog" ]

[ "Mountaineering", "I do as well. Last year I went on a 3 week backpacking trip through the Sierra Nevada in California. Have you been on any trips recently?", "It's really cool being around all of that exposed rock. We don't have peaks like that on the east coast where I'm from.", "Yup. There are contours everywhere. They just describe and show a change of elevation of a surrounding landscape." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ The term mountaineering describes the sport of mountain climbing.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While some scholars identify mountaineering-related activities as climbing (rock and ice) and trekking up mountains, others are also adding backpacking, hiking, skiing, via ferrata and wilderness activities, and still others state that mountaineering activities also include indoor climbing, sport climbing and bouldering.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ However most of the scholars, the term mountaineering understand as a climbing (which now refers to adventure climbing or sports climbing) and trekking (hill walking in 'exotic' places).", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Hiking in the mountains can also be a simple form of mountaineering when it involves scrambling, or short stretches of the more basic grades of rock climbing, as well as crossing glaciers.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While mountaineering began as attempts to reach the highest point of unclimbed big mountains it has branched into specializations that address different aspects of the mountain and consists of three (3) areas: rock-craft, snow-craft, and skiing, depending on whether the route chosen is over rock, snow or ice.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ All require experience, athletic ability, and technical knowledge to maintain safety.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Mountaineering is often called Alpinism, especially in European languages, which implies climbing routes with minimal equipment in high and often snow and ice-covered mountains such as the Alps, where technical difficulties frequently exceed environmental and physical challenges." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ The term mountaineering describes the sport of mountain climbing.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While some scholars identify mountaineering-related activities as climbing (rock and ice) and trekking up mountains, others are also adding backpacking, hiking, skiing, via ferrata and wilderness activities, and still others state that mountaineering activities also include indoor climbing, sport climbing and bouldering.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ However most of the scholars, the term mountaineering understand as a climbing (which now refers to adventure climbing or sports climbing) and trekking (hill walking in 'exotic' places).", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Hiking in the mountains can also be a simple form of mountaineering when it involves scrambling, or short stretches of the more basic grades of rock climbing, as well as crossing glaciers.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While mountaineering began as attempts to reach the highest point of unclimbed big mountains it has branched into specializations that address different aspects of the mountain and consists of three (3) areas: rock-craft, snow-craft, and skiing, depending on whether the route chosen is over rock, snow or ice.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ All require experience, athletic ability, and technical knowledge to maintain safety.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Mountaineering is often called Alpinism, especially in European languages, which implies climbing routes with minimal equipment in high and often snow and ice-covered mountains such as the Alps, where technical difficulties frequently exceed environmental and physical challenges.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "Kings Canyon National Park __knowledge__ Kings Canyon National Park is a national park in the southern Sierra Nevada, in Fresno and Tulare Counties, California in the United States.", "Kings Canyon National Park __knowledge__ Originally established in 1890 as General Grant National Park, it was greatly expanded and renamed to Kings Canyon National Park on March 4, 1940.", "Kings Canyon National Park __knowledge__ Its namesake, Kings Canyon, is a rugged glacier-carved valley more than a mile (1,600 m) deep; the park also includes multiple peaks, high mountain meadows, swift-flowing rivers, and some of the world's largest stands of giant sequoia trees.", "Kings Canyon National Park __knowledge__ Kings Canyon is north of and contiguous with Sequoia National Park, and the two are jointly administered by the National Park Service as the Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks.", "Yosemite National Park __knowledge__ Yosemite National Park ( ) is a United States national park lying in the western Sierra Nevada of Northern California.", "Yosemite National Park __knowledge__ The park, which is managed by the U.S. National Park Service, covers an area of Designated a World Heritage Site in 1984, Yosemite is internationally recognized for its granite cliffs, waterfalls, clear streams, giant sequoia groves, lakes, mountains, glaciers, and biological diversity.", "Yosemite National Park __knowledge__ Almost 95% of the park is designated wilderness.", "Yosemite National Park __knowledge__ On average, about 4 million people visit Yosemite each year, and most spend the majority of their time in the 5.9 square miles (15 km) of Yosemite Valley.", "Stanislaus River __knowledge__ The Stanislaus River is a tributary of the San Joaquin River in north-central California in the United States.", "Stanislaus River __knowledge__ The main stem of the river is long, and measured to its furthest headwaters it is about long.", "Stanislaus River __knowledge__ Originating as three forks in the high Sierra Nevada, the river flows generally southwest through the agricultural San Joaquin Valley to join the San Joaquin south of Manteca, draining parts of five California counties.", "Stanislaus River __knowledge__ The Stanislaus is known for its swift rapids and scenic canyons in the upper reaches, and is heavily used for irrigation, hydroelectricity and domestic water supply.", "Stanislaus River __knowledge__ Originally inhabited by the Miwok group of Native Americans, the Stanislaus River was explored in the early 1800s by the Spanish, who conscripted indigenous people to work in the colonial mission and presidio systems.", "Sierra Nevada (U.S.) __knowledge__ The Sierra Nevada (, , \"snowy saw range\") is a mountain range in the Western United States, between the Central Valley of California and the Basin and Range Province.", "Sierra Nevada (U.S.) __knowledge__ The vast majority of the range lies in the state of California, although the Carson Range spur lies primarily in Nevada.", "Sierra Nevada (U.S.) __knowledge__ The Sierra Nevada is part of the American Cordillera, a chain of mountain ranges that consists of an almost continuous sequence of such ranges that form the western \"backbone\" of North America, Central America, South America and Antarctica.", "Sierra Nevada (U.S.) __knowledge__ The Sierra runs north-to-south, and is approximately across east-to-west.", "Colorado River __knowledge__ The Colorado River is one of the principal rivers of the Southwestern United States and northern Mexico (the other being the Rio Grande).", "Colorado River __knowledge__ The river drains an expansive, arid watershed that encompasses parts of seven U.S. and two Mexican states.", "Colorado River __knowledge__ Starting in the central Rocky Mountains in the U.S., the river flows generally southwest across the Colorado Plateau and through the Grand Canyon before reaching Lake Mead on the Arizona–Nevada border, where it turns south toward the international border.", "Colorado River __knowledge__ After entering Mexico, the Colorado approaches the mostly dry Colorado River Delta at the tip of the Gulf of California between Baja California and Sonora.", "History of California __knowledge__ The history of California can be divided into: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1848; and United States statehood, which continues to this present day.", "History of California __knowledge__ California was settled from the North by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years.", "History of California __knowledge__ It was one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse areas in pre-Columbian North America.", "History of California __knowledge__ After contact with Spanish explorers, most of the Native Americans died out from European diseases.", "History of California __knowledge__ After the Portolá expedition of 1769–70, Spanish missionaries began setting up 21 California Missions on or near the coast of Alta (Upper) California, beginning in San Diego.", "Lynn Hill __knowledge__ Carolynn Marie \"Lynn\" Hill (born January 3, 1961) is a U.S. rock climber.", "Lynn Hill __knowledge__ Widely regarded as one of the leading competitive sport climbers in the world during the late 1980s and early 1990s, she is famous for making the first free ascent of the difficult sheer rock face of \"The Nose\" on El Capitan in Yosemite Valley, and for repeating it the next year in less than 24 hours.", "Lynn Hill __knowledge__ She has been described as both one of the best female climbers in the world and one of the best climbers of all time.", "Lynn Hill __knowledge__ One of the first successful women in the sport, Hill shaped rock climbing for women and became a public spokesperson, helping it gain wider popularity and arguing for sex equality.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ Mount Everest, known in Nepali as Sagarmāthā and in Tibetan as Chomolungma, is Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ The international border between China (Tibet Autonomous Region) and Nepal runs across its summit point.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ The current official height of , recognised by China and Nepal, was established by a 1955 Indian survey and subsequently confirmed by a Chinese survey in 1975.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ In 2005, China remeasured the rock height of the mountain, with a result of 8844.43 m. There followed an argument between China and Nepal as to whether the official height should be the rock height (8,844 m., China) or the snow height (8,848 m., Nepal).", "Stefan Winter __knowledge__ Stefan Winter (born 16 March 1968) is a German ski mountaineer, former coach of the German ski mountaineering team, and alpine sports author.", "Stefan Winter __knowledge__ Winter is teacher of sports and German and a DAV mountain guide.", "Stefan Winter __knowledge__ He took part in several ski mountaineering tours in his teens and competed in ski mountaineering events, amongst others in the 2001 Trofeo Mezzalama race, in the 2005 Pierra Menta race together with Günther Maier, in the Trophee du Muveran and others.", "Stefan Winter __knowledge__ At the DAV he was head of the school sports climbing section of the \"mountain climbing, training and security\" department as well as leader of the DAV youth course program, a mountain climbing training institution for children and teens.", "Rock climbing __knowledge__ Rock climbing is an activity in which participants climb up, down or across natural rock formations or artificial rock walls.", "Rock climbing __knowledge__ The goal is to reach the summit of a formation or the endpoint of a usually pre-defined route without falling.", "Rock climbing __knowledge__ Due to the length and extended endurance required and because accidents are more likely to happen on the descent than the ascent, rock climbers do not usually climb back down the route.", "Rock climbing __knowledge__ It is very rare for a climber to downclimb, especially on the larger multiple pitches (class III- IV and /or multi-day grades IV-VI climbs).", "Rock climbing __knowledge__ Professional rock climbing competitions have the objectives of either completing the route in the quickest possible time or attaining the farthest point on an increasingly difficult route.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ Mount Adams, known by some Native American tribes as Pahto or Klickitat, is a potentially active stratovolcano in the Cascade Range.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ Although Adams has not erupted in more than 1,000 years, it is not considered extinct.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ It is the second-highest mountain in the U.S. state of Washington, after Mount Rainier.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ Adams is a member of the Cascade Volcanic Arc, and is one of the arc's largest volcanoes, located in a remote wilderness approximately east of Mount St. Helens.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ The Mount Adams Wilderness consists of the upper and western part of the volcano's cone.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ The eastern side of the mountain is designated as part of the territory of the Yakama Nation.", "Steph Davis __knowledge__ Stephanie \"Steph\" Davis (born 1973) is an American rock climber, BASE jumper, and wingsuit flyer.", "Steph Davis __knowledge__ She is one of the world's leading climbers, having completed some of the hardest routes in the world.", "Steph Davis __knowledge__ She is the first woman to have Soloed a 5.11 grade climb, the first woman to summit all the peaks of the Fitzroy Range in Patagonia, the second woman to free climb El Capitan in a day, the first woman to free climb the \"Salathė Wall\" on El Capitan, the first woman to free solo The Diamond on Longs Peak in Colorado, and the first woman to summit Torre Egger.", "Steph Davis __knowledge__ Davis has been married twice, first to Dean Potter, ending in divorce; then to Mario Richard." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ The term mountaineering describes the sport of mountain climbing.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While some scholars identify mountaineering-related activities as climbing (rock and ice) and trekking up mountains, others are also adding backpacking, hiking, skiing, via ferrata and wilderness activities, and still others state that mountaineering activities also include indoor climbing, sport climbing and bouldering.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ However most of the scholars, the term mountaineering understand as a climbing (which now refers to adventure climbing or sports climbing) and trekking (hill walking in 'exotic' places).", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Hiking in the mountains can also be a simple form of mountaineering when it involves scrambling, or short stretches of the more basic grades of rock climbing, as well as crossing glaciers.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While mountaineering began as attempts to reach the highest point of unclimbed big mountains it has branched into specializations that address different aspects of the mountain and consists of three (3) areas: rock-craft, snow-craft, and skiing, depending on whether the route chosen is over rock, snow or ice.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ All require experience, athletic ability, and technical knowledge to maintain safety.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Mountaineering is often called Alpinism, especially in European languages, which implies climbing routes with minimal equipment in high and often snow and ice-covered mountains such as the Alps, where technical difficulties frequently exceed environmental and physical challenges.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.", "Glass House Mountains National Park __knowledge__ Glass House Mountains National Park is a heritage-listed national park at Glass House Mountains, Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Glass House Mountains National Park __knowledge__ It is also known as Beerburrum Forest Reserve 1.", "Glass House Mountains National Park __knowledge__ It is north of Brisbane and consists of a flat plain punctuated by rhyolite and trachyte volcanic plugs, the cores of extinct volcanoes that formed 27 million to 26 million years ago.", "Glass House Mountains National Park __knowledge__ The mountains would once have had pyroclastic exteriors, but these have eroded away.", "Glass House Mountains National Park __knowledge__ The national park was established in 1994.", "Glass House Mountains National Park __knowledge__ On 23 June 2010 the Queensland Government announced the expansion of the park to include an additional 2,117 hectares.", "Lichen __knowledge__ A lichen is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi in a symbiotic relationship.", "Lichen __knowledge__ The combined lichen has properties different from those of its component organisms.", "Lichen __knowledge__ Lichens come in many colours, sizes, and forms.", "Lichen __knowledge__ The properties are sometimes plant-like, but lichens are not plants.", "Lichen __knowledge__ Lichens may have tiny, leafless branches (fruticose), flat leaf-like structures (foliose), flakes that lie on the surface like peeling paint (crustose), or other growth forms.", "Lichen __knowledge__ A macrolichen is a lichen that is either bush-like or leafy; all other lichens are termed microlichens.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Desert __knowledge__ A desert is a barren area of landscape where little precipitation occurs and consequently living conditions are hostile for plant and animal life.", "Desert __knowledge__ The lack of vegetation exposes the unprotected surface of the ground to the processes of denudation.", "Desert __knowledge__ About one third of the land surface of the world is arid or semi-arid.", "Desert __knowledge__ This includes much of the polar regions where little precipitation occurs and which are sometimes called polar deserts or \"cold deserts\".", "Desert __knowledge__ Deserts can be classified by the amount of precipitation that falls, by the temperature that prevails, by the causes of desertification or by their geographical location.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "Sierra Nevada (U.S.) __knowledge__ The Sierra Nevada (, , \"snowy saw range\") is a mountain range in the Western United States, between the Central Valley of California and the Basin and Range Province.", "Sierra Nevada (U.S.) __knowledge__ The vast majority of the range lies in the state of California, although the Carson Range spur lies primarily in Nevada.", "Sierra Nevada (U.S.) __knowledge__ The Sierra Nevada is part of the American Cordillera, a chain of mountain ranges that consists of an almost continuous sequence of such ranges that form the western \"backbone\" of North America, Central America, South America and Antarctica.", "Sierra Nevada (U.S.) __knowledge__ The Sierra runs north-to-south, and is approximately across east-to-west.", "Dream Chaser __knowledge__ The Dream Chaser Cargo System is an American reusable automated cargo lifting-body spaceplane being developed by Sierra Nevada Corporation (SNC) Space Systems.", "Dream Chaser __knowledge__ The Dream Chaser is designed to resupply the International Space Station with both pressurized and unpressurized cargo.", "Dream Chaser __knowledge__ The vehicle will launch vertically on an Atlas V, Ariane 5 or Falcon Heavy rocket, and autonomously land horizontally on conventional runways.", "Dream Chaser __knowledge__ Further development of the spaceplane includes a crewed version, the Dream Chaser Space System, which would be capable of carrying up to seven people to and from low Earth orbit.", "Ecology of the Sierra Nevada __knowledge__ The ecology of the Sierra Nevada, located in the U.S. state of California, is diverse and complex: the plants and animals are a significant part of the scenic beauty of the mountain range.", "Ecology of the Sierra Nevada __knowledge__ The combination of climate, topography, moisture, and soils influences the distribution of ecological communities across an elevation gradient from 1,000 feet (300 m) to over .", "Ecology of the Sierra Nevada __knowledge__ Biotic zones range from scrub and chaparral communities at lower elevations, to subalpine forests and alpine meadows at the higher elevations.", "Ecology of the Sierra Nevada __knowledge__ Particular ecoregions that follow elevation contours are often described as a series of belts that follow the length of the Sierra Nevada.", "Flora of the Sierra Nevada alpine zone __knowledge__ The flora of the U.S. Sierra Nevada alpine zone is characterized by small, low growing, cushion and mat forming plants that can survive the harsh conditions in the high-altitude alpine zone above the timber line.", "Flora of the Sierra Nevada alpine zone __knowledge__ These flora often occur in alpine fell-fields.", "Flora of the Sierra Nevada alpine zone __knowledge__ The Sierra Nevada alpine zone lacks a dominant plant species that characterizes it, so may or may not be called a vegetation type.", "Flora of the Sierra Nevada alpine zone __knowledge__ But it is found above the subalpine forest, which is the highest in a succession of recognized vegetation types at increasing elevations.", "Flora of the Sierra Nevada alpine zone __knowledge__ Botanists have ranked the Sierra Nevada alpine zone floral bloom as one of California's foremost wildflower displays, with flowers of fantastic color and abundance.", "Yosemite National Park __knowledge__ Yosemite National Park ( ) is a United States national park lying in the western Sierra Nevada of Northern California.", "Yosemite National Park __knowledge__ The park, which is managed by the U.S. National Park Service, covers an area of Designated a World Heritage Site in 1984, Yosemite is internationally recognized for its granite cliffs, waterfalls, clear streams, giant sequoia groves, lakes, mountains, glaciers, and biological diversity.", "Yosemite National Park __knowledge__ Almost 95% of the park is designated wilderness.", "Yosemite National Park __knowledge__ On average, about 4 million people visit Yosemite each year, and most spend the majority of their time in the 5.9 square miles (15 km) of Yosemite Valley.", "Sierra Nevada Brewing Company __knowledge__ Sierra Nevada Brewing Co. was established in 1979 by homebrewers Ken Grossman and Paul Camusi in Chico, California, United States.", "Sierra Nevada Brewing Company __knowledge__ Sierra Nevada Brewing is one of the top breweries operating in the United States.", "Sierra Nevada Brewing Company __knowledge__ As of 2016, it is the seventh-largest brewing company in the United States.", "Sierra Nevada Brewing Company __knowledge__ The brewery produced in 2010.", "Sierra Nevada Brewing Company __knowledge__ The brewery was named \"Green Business of the Year\" by the United States Environmental Protection Agency in 2010 for its practices in sustainability.", "Sierra Nevada Brewing Company __knowledge__ Sierra Nevada Brewing Co. was founded in 1979, with founders Ken Grossman and Paul Camusi expanding their homebrewing hobby into a brewery in Chico, California." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ The term mountaineering describes the sport of mountain climbing.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While some scholars identify mountaineering-related activities as climbing (rock and ice) and trekking up mountains, others are also adding backpacking, hiking, skiing, via ferrata and wilderness activities, and still others state that mountaineering activities also include indoor climbing, sport climbing and bouldering.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ However most of the scholars, the term mountaineering understand as a climbing (which now refers to adventure climbing or sports climbing) and trekking (hill walking in 'exotic' places).", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Hiking in the mountains can also be a simple form of mountaineering when it involves scrambling, or short stretches of the more basic grades of rock climbing, as well as crossing glaciers.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While mountaineering began as attempts to reach the highest point of unclimbed big mountains it has branched into specializations that address different aspects of the mountain and consists of three (3) areas: rock-craft, snow-craft, and skiing, depending on whether the route chosen is over rock, snow or ice.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ All require experience, athletic ability, and technical knowledge to maintain safety.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Mountaineering is often called Alpinism, especially in European languages, which implies climbing routes with minimal equipment in high and often snow and ice-covered mountains such as the Alps, where technical difficulties frequently exceed environmental and physical challenges.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik clothing (Yup'ik \"aturaq\" \"aturak\" \"aturat\" , \"aklu\", \"akluq\", \"un’u\" ; also, \"piluguk\" in Unaliq-Pastuliq dialect, \"aklu\", \"cangssagar\", \"un’u\" in Nunivak dialect) refers to the traditional Eskimo-style clothing worn by the Yupik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik clothing for the Chevak Cup'ik-speaking people of Chevak and Cup'ig clothing for the Nunivak Cup'ig-speaking people of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ The traditional clothing system developed and used by the Eskimo peoples is the most effective cold weather clothing developed to date.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik women made clothes and footwear from animal skins (especially hide and fur of marine and land mammals for fur clothing, sometimes birds, also fish), sewn together using needles made from animal bones, walrus ivory, and bird bones such as front part of a crane's foot and threads made from other animal products, such as sinew.", "Yup'ik __knowledge__ The Yup'ik or Yupiaq (sg & pl) and Yupiit or Yupiat (pl), also Central Alaskan Yup'ik, Central Yup'ik, Alaskan Yup'ik (own name \"Yup'ik\" \"Yupiik\" \"Yupiit\" ), are an Eskimo people of western and southwestern Alaska ranging from southern Norton Sound southwards along the coast of the Bering Sea on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (including living on Nelson and Nunivak Islands) and along the northern coast of Bristol Bay as far east as Nushagak Bay and the northern Alaska Peninsula at Naknek River and Egegik Bay.", "Yup'ik __knowledge__ They are also known as Cup'ik by the Chevak Cup'ik dialect-speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect-speaking Eskimo of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Central Alaskan Yup'ik or just Yup'ik (also called Yupik, Central Yupik, or indigenously Yugtun) is one of the languages of the Yupik family, in turn a member of the Eskimo–Aleut language group, spoken in western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Both in ethnic population and in number of speakers, Central Alaskan Yup'ik is the largest of the languages spoken by Alaska Natives.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ As of 2010 it was also the second largest aboriginal language in the United States in terms of numbers of speakers.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Yup'ik should not be confused with the related language Central Siberian Yupik spoken in Chukotka and St. Lawrence Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Yup'ik cuisine (\"Yupiit neqait\" in Yup'ik language, literally \"Yup'iks' foods\" or \"Yup'iks' fishes\") refers to the Eskimo style traditional subsistence food and cuisine of the Yup'ik people from the western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik cuisine for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig cuisine for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ This cuisine is traditionally based on meat from fish, birds, sea and land mammals, and normally contains high levels of protein.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Subsistence foods are generally considered by many to be nutritionally superior superfoods.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Yup'ik dancing (or dance) or Yuraq, also Yuraqing (Yup'ik \"yuraq\" \"yurak\" \"yurat\" ) is a traditional Eskimo style dancing form usually performed to songs in Yup'ik, with dances choreographed for specific songs which the Yup'ik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik dance for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig dance for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Yup'ik dancing is set up in a very specific and cultural format.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Typically, the men are in the front, kneeling and the women stand in the back.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ The drummers are in the very back of the dance group.", "Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center __knowledge__ The Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center (YPCC), also known as \"Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center and Museum\", formerly known as the \"Yup'ik Museum, Library, and Multipurpose Cultural Center\" (or \"Facility\"), is a non-profit cultural center of the Yup'ik (and sometimes Alaskan Athabaskan of the region) culture centrally located in Bethel, Alaska near the University of Alaska Fairbanks' Kuskokwim Campus and city offices.", "Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center __knowledge__ The center is a unique facility that combines a museum, a library, and multi-purpose cultural activity center including performing arts space, for cultural gatherings, feasts, celebrations, meetings and classes.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Marie (Nick) Arnaq Meade (born 1947) is a Yup'ik professor in the humanities and also a Yup'ik tradition bearer.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Meade's Yup'ik name is Arnaq which means \"woman.\"", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ She also works and travels with the International Council of Thirteen Indigenous Grandmothers.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Meade is also part of the Nunamta Yup'ik Dance Group.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Meade has been documenting the cultural knowledge of Yup'ik elders, including the values, language and beliefs of the Yup'ik people for over twenty years.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ She is currently an instructor at the University of Alaska Anchorage.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Meade was born and raised in Nunapiciaq which is located between the Kuskokwim River and the Bering Sea.", "Ecology of the Sierra Nevada __knowledge__ The ecology of the Sierra Nevada, located in the U.S. state of California, is diverse and complex: the plants and animals are a significant part of the scenic beauty of the mountain range.", "Ecology of the Sierra Nevada __knowledge__ The combination of climate, topography, moisture, and soils influences the distribution of ecological communities across an elevation gradient from 1,000 feet (300 m) to over .", "Ecology of the Sierra Nevada __knowledge__ Biotic zones range from scrub and chaparral communities at lower elevations, to subalpine forests and alpine meadows at the higher elevations.", "Ecology of the Sierra Nevada __knowledge__ Particular ecoregions that follow elevation contours are often described as a series of belts that follow the length of the Sierra Nevada.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "Sierra Nevada (U.S.) __knowledge__ The Sierra Nevada (, , \"snowy saw range\") is a mountain range in the Western United States, between the Central Valley of California and the Basin and Range Province.", "Sierra Nevada (U.S.) __knowledge__ The vast majority of the range lies in the state of California, although the Carson Range spur lies primarily in Nevada.", "Sierra Nevada (U.S.) __knowledge__ The Sierra Nevada is part of the American Cordillera, a chain of mountain ranges that consists of an almost continuous sequence of such ranges that form the western \"backbone\" of North America, Central America, South America and Antarctica.", "Sierra Nevada (U.S.) __knowledge__ The Sierra runs north-to-south, and is approximately across east-to-west.", "Flora of the Sierra Nevada alpine zone __knowledge__ The flora of the U.S. Sierra Nevada alpine zone is characterized by small, low growing, cushion and mat forming plants that can survive the harsh conditions in the high-altitude alpine zone above the timber line.", "Flora of the Sierra Nevada alpine zone __knowledge__ These flora often occur in alpine fell-fields.", "Flora of the Sierra Nevada alpine zone __knowledge__ The Sierra Nevada alpine zone lacks a dominant plant species that characterizes it, so may or may not be called a vegetation type.", "Flora of the Sierra Nevada alpine zone __knowledge__ But it is found above the subalpine forest, which is the highest in a succession of recognized vegetation types at increasing elevations.", "Flora of the Sierra Nevada alpine zone __knowledge__ Botanists have ranked the Sierra Nevada alpine zone floral bloom as one of California's foremost wildflower displays, with flowers of fantastic color and abundance.", "First Transcontinental Railroad __knowledge__ The First Transcontinental Railroad (also called the Great Transcontinental Railroad, known originally as the \"Pacific Railroad\" and later as the \"Overland Route\") was a continuous railroad line constructed between 1863 and 1869 that connected the existing eastern U.S. rail network at Omaha, Nebraska/Council Bluffs, Iowa with the Pacific coast at the Oakland Long Wharf on San Francisco Bay.", "First Transcontinental Railroad __knowledge__ The rail line was built by three private companies over public lands provided by extensive US land grants.", "First Transcontinental Railroad __knowledge__ Construction was financed by both state and US government subsidy bonds as well as by company issued mortgage bonds.", "Yosemite National Park __knowledge__ Yosemite National Park ( ) is a United States national park lying in the western Sierra Nevada of Northern California.", "Yosemite National Park __knowledge__ The park, which is managed by the U.S. National Park Service, covers an area of Designated a World Heritage Site in 1984, Yosemite is internationally recognized for its granite cliffs, waterfalls, clear streams, giant sequoia groves, lakes, mountains, glaciers, and biological diversity.", "Yosemite National Park __knowledge__ Almost 95% of the park is designated wilderness.", "Yosemite National Park __knowledge__ On average, about 4 million people visit Yosemite each year, and most spend the majority of their time in the 5.9 square miles (15 km) of Yosemite Valley.", "Dream Chaser __knowledge__ The Dream Chaser Cargo System is an American reusable automated cargo lifting-body spaceplane being developed by Sierra Nevada Corporation (SNC) Space Systems.", "Dream Chaser __knowledge__ The Dream Chaser is designed to resupply the International Space Station with both pressurized and unpressurized cargo.", "Dream Chaser __knowledge__ The vehicle will launch vertically on an Atlas V, Ariane 5 or Falcon Heavy rocket, and autonomously land horizontally on conventional runways.", "Dream Chaser __knowledge__ Further development of the spaceplane includes a crewed version, the Dream Chaser Space System, which would be capable of carrying up to seven people to and from low Earth orbit." ] ]

[ 1, 0, 56, 36 ]

[ "Hi, I love mountain climbing", "No I have not. What did you like about the Sierra Nevada?", "I hear that there are elevation contours that follow the length of the Sierra Nevada", "Did you see any interesting plants and animals?" ]

[ "Mountaineering", "Mountaineering", "Mountaineering", "Mountaineering" ]

[ "Track and field\nI never did track and field in high school", "I can run but I did not enjoy it at all lol. I was in colorguard.", "Yeah it's so hard on your body and what if your knees give out in a later age? They are very sensitive.", "I guess so, but what is the difference between road running and everything else?", "Oh that's good, I heard running on track is a bit better do you think that is true? Like for your knees" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The name is derived from the sport's typical venue: a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, race walking and hurdling, are won by the athlete with the fastest time.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Regular jumping events include long jump, triple jump, high jump and pole vault, while the most common throwing events are shot put, javelin, discus and hammer.", "Track and field __knowledge__ There are also \"combined events\" or \"multi events\", such as the pentathlon consisting of five events, heptathlon consisting of seven events, and decathlon consisting of ten events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ In these, athletes participate in a combination of track and field events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Most track and field events are individual sports with a single victor; the most prominent team events are relay races, which typically feature teams of four.", "Tyrone Wheatley __knowledge__ Tyrone Anthony Wheatley, Sr. (born January 19, 1972) is the running backs coach of the NFL's Jacksonville Jaguars and a former professional American football player who played 10 seasons in the National Football League (NFL) and was one of the most successful high school and collegiate athletes in Metropolitan Detroit history.", "Tyrone Wheatley __knowledge__ In high school, he was a member of state-champion teams in both track and field and football, and he was named Michigan's track and field athlete of the year and football athlete of the year in the same academic year.", "Tyrone Wheatley __knowledge__ He earned All-America track honors in both high school and college.", "Great Falls High School __knowledge__ Great Falls High School (or GFHS) is a public high school for grades 9 through 12 located in Great Falls, Montana.", "Great Falls High School __knowledge__ Established in 1890, it was the city's first high school.", "Great Falls High School __knowledge__ The school's original building, constructed in 1896, is now on the National Register of Historic Places.", "Great Falls High School __knowledge__ GFHS began construction on its current building in 1929 and occupied it in the fall of 1930.", "Great Falls High School __knowledge__ The high school marked its 80th year in the structure during the 2010–2011 school year.", "Great Falls High School __knowledge__ The school's current building, constructed in 1930, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in March 2013.", "Great Falls High School __knowledge__ Great Falls was founded in 1883.", "Education in the Philippines __knowledge__ Education in the Philippines is managed and regulated by the Department of Education (DepEd), Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA).", "Education in the Philippines __knowledge__ DepEd is responsible for the K–12 basic education; it exercises full and exclusive control over public schools and nominal regulation over private schools, and it also enforces the national curriculum that has been put in place since 2013.", "Education in the Philippines __knowledge__ CHED and TESDA, on the other hand, are responsible for higher education; CHED regulates the academically-oriented universities and colleges while TESDA oversees the development of technical and vocational education institutions and programs in the country.", "Haddonfield Memorial High School __knowledge__ Haddonfield Memorial High School is a four-year comprehensive community public high school that serves students in ninth through twelfth grade from Haddonfield, in Camden County, New Jersey, United States, operating as the lone secondary school of the Haddonfield Public Schools.", "Haddonfield Memorial High School __knowledge__ As of the 2014-15 school year, the school had an enrollment of 776 students and 67.7 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.5:1.", "Haddonfield Memorial High School __knowledge__ There were 10 students (1.3% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 6 (0.8% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.", "Haddonfield Memorial High School __knowledge__ The Haddonfield Memorial High School Bulldawgs compete as a member of the Colonial Conference, which operates under the supervision of the New Jersey State Interscholastic Athletic Association (NJSIAA).", "Auburn High School (Alabama) __knowledge__ Auburn High School is a public high school in Auburn, Alabama.", "Auburn High School (Alabama) __knowledge__ It is the only high school in the Auburn City School District.", "Auburn High School (Alabama) __knowledge__ Auburn High offers technical, academic, and International Baccalaureate programs, as well as joint enrollment with Southern Union State Community College and Auburn University.", "Auburn High School (Alabama) __knowledge__ Auburn High School is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.", "Auburn High School (Alabama) __knowledge__ Founded in 1837 as Auburn Academy, Auburn High School is the oldest public secondary school in Alabama, and is the fifth-oldest extant public high school in the American South.", "Auburn High School (Alabama) __knowledge__ From 1852 through 1885, the school was known as the Auburn (Masonic) Female College, offering secondary and, prior to 1870, collegiate degrees.", "Mackenzie High School (Michigan) __knowledge__ Mackenzie High School was a public high school in Detroit, Michigan.", "Mackenzie High School (Michigan) __knowledge__ Located on Detroit's west side, David Mackenzie High School was named to honor the innovative educator who had served as principal of Central High School, and as first dean of the city college that would become Wayne State University.", "Mackenzie High School (Michigan) __knowledge__ A native of Detroit, David Mackenzie was born in 1860; he died in 1926.", "Mackenzie High School (Michigan) __knowledge__ Mackenzie High School was among the first schools constructed on land acquired through Detroit's westernmost annexation efforts in Greenfield Township; by 1926 the township had ceased to exist.", "Mackenzie High School (Michigan) __knowledge__ Adorned in blue and yellow tile from the Pewabic Pottery Works, the three-story facility opened in September 1928." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The name is derived from the sport's typical venue: a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, race walking and hurdling, are won by the athlete with the fastest time.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Regular jumping events include long jump, triple jump, high jump and pole vault, while the most common throwing events are shot put, javelin, discus and hammer.", "Track and field __knowledge__ There are also \"combined events\" or \"multi events\", such as the pentathlon consisting of five events, heptathlon consisting of seven events, and decathlon consisting of ten events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ In these, athletes participate in a combination of track and field events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Most track and field events are individual sports with a single victor; the most prominent team events are relay races, which typically feature teams of four.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ Le ravissement de Lol V. Stein is a novel written by Marguerite Duras and published in France by Gallimard in 1964.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was translated by Richard Seaver and published as \"The Ravishing of Lol Stein\" in the US by Grove Press in 1966.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was also translated by Eileen Ellenbogen in the UK as \"The rapture of Lol V. Stein\" for Hamish Hamilton in 1967.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ At the beginning of the novel, Lol Stein (her middle initial is omitted in the English translation) is a woman in her thirties.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ She was born and raised in South Tahla in a bourgeois family and is engaged to Michael Richardson at 19.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ However, at a ball in the seaside resort of Town Beach, Michael Richardson leaves Lol for Anne-Marie Stretter, an older woman.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ This Is England '88 is a 2011 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne as a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ It is also a sequel to the 2010 television sequel-series \"This Is England '86\", set two and a half years later and starring as previously Thomas Turgoose as Shaun, Vicky McClure as Lol and Joe Gilgun as Woody.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Set during Christmas 1988, Lol is haunted by the devastating events that took place two and a half years before.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ She and Woody both find themselves struggling to cope with their lives without each other after he leaves the gang.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Lol is carrying the burden of her guilt, whilst Woody is trying to build a domestic life with a new girlfriend and a potential promotion at work.", "Lawrence Plackett __knowledge__ Lawrence Plackett, known as Lol Plackett, (born 1869) was an English footballer who played for Derby County and Nottingham Forest.", "Lawrence Plackett __knowledge__ His brother Harry was also a footballer.", "Lawrence Plackett __knowledge__ Lol Plackett joined Derby County sometime in 1886 and he was signed from local club Long Eaton Alexandra.", "Lawrence Plackett __knowledge__ He made his Football League debut at Pike's Lane, Bolton, then the home of Bolton Wanderers in September.", "Lawrence Plackett __knowledge__ Lol Plackett was selected to play outside-left.", "Lawrence Plackett __knowledge__ The match, apart from its historic context, was an extraordinary game with the home team racing into a 3-0 lead, scoring the first ever League goal and nine goals by both teams.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "Professional wrestling attacks __knowledge__ Attacking maneuvers are offensive moves in professional wrestling, used to set up an opponent for a submission hold or for a throw.", "Professional wrestling attacks __knowledge__ There are a wide variety of attacking moves in pro wrestling, and many are known by several different names.", "Professional wrestling attacks __knowledge__ Professional wrestlers frequently give their finishers new names.", "Professional wrestling attacks __knowledge__ Occasionally, these names become popular and are used regardless of the wrestler performing the technique.", "Professional wrestling attacks __knowledge__ Professional wrestling contains a variety of punches and kicks found in martial arts and other fighting sports; the moves listed below are more specific to wrestling itself.", "Professional wrestling attacks __knowledge__ Many of the moves below can also be performed from a raised platform (the top rope, the ring apron, etc.", "Gross motor skill __knowledge__ Gross motor skills are the abilities usually acquired during adulthood and older age as part of a child's motor learning.", "Gross motor skill __knowledge__ By the time they reach two years of age, almost all children are able to stand up, walk and run, walk up stairs, etc.", "Gross motor skill __knowledge__ These skills are built upon, improved and better controlled throughout early childhood, and continue in refinement throughout most of the individual's years of development into adulthood.", "Gross motor skill __knowledge__ These gross movements come from large muscle groups and whole body movement.", "Gross motor skill __knowledge__ These skills develop in a head-to-toe order.", "Gross motor skill __knowledge__ The children will typically learn head control, trunk stability, and then standing up and walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ Athletics is a collection of sporting events that involve competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The most common types of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The results of racing events are decided by finishing position (or time, where measured), while the jumps and throws are won by the athlete that achieves the highest or furthest measurement from a series of attempts.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The simplicity of the competitions, and the lack of a need for expensive equipment, makes athletics one of the most commonly competed sports in the world.", "Ski flying __knowledge__ Ski flying is a winter sport discipline derived from ski jumping, in which much greater distances can be achieved.", "Ski flying __knowledge__ It is a form of competitive Nordic skiing where athletes descend individually at very fast speeds along a specially built takeoff ramp using skis only; jump from the end of it with as much power as they can generate; then glide – or 'fly' – as far as possible down a steeply sloped hill; and ultimately land within a target zone in a stable manner.", "Ski flying __knowledge__ Points are awarded for distance and stylistic merit by five judges, and events are governed by the International Ski Federation (FIS).", "Ski flying __knowledge__ The rules and scoring in ski flying are mostly the same as they are in ski jumping, and events under the discipline are usually contested as part of the Ski Jumping World Cup season, but the hills (of which there are only five remaining, all in Europe) are constructed to a different standard in order to enable jumps of up to 66% longer in distance.", "Professional wrestling throws __knowledge__ Professional wrestling throws are the application of professional wrestling techniques that involve lifting the opponent up and throwing or slamming them down.", "Professional wrestling throws __knowledge__ They are sometimes also called \"power\" maneuvers, as they are meant to emphasize a wrestler's strength.", "Professional wrestling throws __knowledge__ Many of these moves are used as finishers by many wrestlers.", "Professional wrestling throws __knowledge__ Many maneuvers are known by several different names.", "Professional wrestling throws __knowledge__ Professional wrestlers frequently give their \"finisher\" (signature moves that usually result in a win) new names that reflect their gimmick.", "Professional wrestling throws __knowledge__ Moves are listed under general categories whenever possible.", "Professional wrestling throws __knowledge__ An armbreaker is any move in which the wrestler slams the opponent's arm against a part of the wrestler's body, usually a knee or shoulder.", "English saddle __knowledge__ English saddles are used to ride horses in English riding disciplines throughout the world.", "English saddle __knowledge__ The discipline is not limited to England, the United Kingdom in general or other English-speaking countries.", "English saddle __knowledge__ This style of saddle is used in all of the Olympic and International Federation for Equestrian Sports (FEI) equestrian disciplines, except for the newly approved FEI events of equestrian vaulting and reining.", "English saddle __knowledge__ Most designs were specifically developed to allow the horse freedom of movement, whether jumping, running, or moving quickly across rugged, broken country with fences.", "English saddle __knowledge__ Unlike the western saddle or Australian Stock Saddle, there is no horn or other design elements that stick out above the main tree of the saddle." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The name is derived from the sport's typical venue: a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, race walking and hurdling, are won by the athlete with the fastest time.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Regular jumping events include long jump, triple jump, high jump and pole vault, while the most common throwing events are shot put, javelin, discus and hammer.", "Track and field __knowledge__ There are also \"combined events\" or \"multi events\", such as the pentathlon consisting of five events, heptathlon consisting of seven events, and decathlon consisting of ten events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ In these, athletes participate in a combination of track and field events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Most track and field events are individual sports with a single victor; the most prominent team events are relay races, which typically feature teams of four.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Chandogya Upanishad __knowledge__ The Chandogya Upanishad (Sanskrit: , IAST: \"Chāndogyopaniṣad\") is a Sanskrit text embedded in the Chandogya Brahmana of the Sama Veda of Hinduism.", "Chandogya Upanishad __knowledge__ It is one of the oldest Upanishads.", "Chandogya Upanishad __knowledge__ It lists as number 9 in the Muktika canon of 108 Upanishads.", "Chandogya Upanishad __knowledge__ The Upanishad belongs to the \"Tandya\" school of the Samaveda.", "Chandogya Upanishad __knowledge__ Like Brhadaranyaka Upanishad, the Chandogya Upanishad is an anthology of texts that must have pre-existed as separate texts, and were edited into a larger text by one or more ancient Indian scholars.", "Chandogya Upanishad __knowledge__ The precise chronology of Chandogya Upanishad is uncertain, and it is variously dated to have been composed by the 8th to 6th century BCE in India.", "Bodyweight exercise __knowledge__ Bodyweight exercises are strength training exercises that do not require free weights or machines as the individual's own weight provides resistance against gravity.", "Bodyweight exercise __knowledge__ It is recognised that bodyweight exercises can enhance a range of biomotor abilities including strength, power, endurance, speed, flexibility, coordination and balance.", "Bodyweight exercise __knowledge__ This type of strength training has grown in popularity for both recreational and professional athletes, with a range of sports disciplines using bodyweight resistance training as part of their fitness programs.", "Bodyweight exercise __knowledge__ Bodyweight training utilises simple abilities such as pushing, pulling, squatting, bending, twisting and balancing.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Tegucigalpa F.C. __knowledge__ Tegucigalpa F.C., formerly Infop RNP, is a football club located in Tegucigalpa, Honduras.", "Tegucigalpa F.C. __knowledge__ The club was established in 2012 as Infop RNP, the team was almost entirely formed by employees from the National Register of Persons, who decided to create an amateur team.", "Tegucigalpa F.C. __knowledge__ They later opted to enter the Major League (third division), a tournament which they eventually won in 2016, earning them the right to participate in the second division.", "Tegucigalpa F.C. __knowledge__ Still as Infop RNP, Tegucigalpa F.C.", "Tegucigalpa F.C. __knowledge__ obtained their second major achievement in December 2017, after defeating Villanueva F.C.", "Tegucigalpa F.C. __knowledge__ in the \"Apertura\" tournament of the 2017–18 Ascenso season.", "Multi-purpose stadium __knowledge__ Multi-purpose stadiums are a type of stadium designed to be easily used by multiple types of events.", "Multi-purpose stadium __knowledge__ While any stadium could potentially host more than one type of sport or event, this concept usually refers to a specific design philosophy that stresses multifunctionality over specificity.", "Multi-purpose stadium __knowledge__ It is used most commonly in Canada and the United States, where the two most popular outdoor team sports – football and baseball – require radically different facilities.", "Multi-purpose stadium __knowledge__ Football uses a rectangular field (Canadian football fields are larger than American ones), while baseball is played on a diamond and large outfield.", "Stadium __knowledge__ A stadium (plural stadiums or stadia) is a place or venue for (mostly) outdoor sports, concerts, or other events and consists of a field or stage either partly or completely surrounded by a tiered structure designed to allow spectators to stand or sit and view the event.", "Stadium __knowledge__ Pausanias noted that for about half a century the only event at the ancient Greek Olympic festival was the race that comprised one length of the stade at Olympia, where the word \"stadium\" originated.", "Stadium __knowledge__ In modern times, a stadium is officially a stadium when at least 50% of the actual capacity is an actual building, like concrete stands or seats.", "Gran Hermano 15 (Spain) __knowledge__ Gran Hermano 15 is the fifteenth season of \"Gran Hermano\", the Spanish version of the reality television series franchise \"Big Brother\".", "Gran Hermano 15 (Spain) __knowledge__ The fifteenth season started airing on 18 September 2014 on Telecinco with Mercedes Mila hosting the main \"Galas\" and Jordi González hosting the \"El Debate\", a weekly spin-off show airing on Sunday nights.", "Gran Hermano 15 (Spain) __knowledge__ 17 housemates and a goat called Rubia entered the first day at the GH house.", "Gran Hermano 15 (Spain) __knowledge__ The grand prize this season is €300,000.", "Gran Hermano 15 (Spain) __knowledge__ Lucía was in Supervivientes: Honduras on 2015.", "Gran Hermano 15 (Spain) __knowledge__ Alejandra González (born January 2, 1994) is a 20 year old flight assistant and waitress from Albacete.", "Lathosea __knowledge__ Lathosea was a genus of moths of the Noctuidae family, it is now considered a synonym of \"Cucullia\".", "Major League Soccer __knowledge__ Major League Soccer (MLS) is a men's professional soccer league sanctioned by U.S. Soccer that represents the sport's highest level in both the United States and Canada.", "Major League Soccer __knowledge__ MLS constitutes one of the major professional sports leagues of the United States and Canada.", "Major League Soccer __knowledge__ The league comprises 23 teams—20 in the U.S. and 3 in Canada.", "Major League Soccer __knowledge__ The MLS regular season runs from March to October, with each team playing 34 games; the team with the best record is awarded the Supporters' Shield.", "Major League Soccer __knowledge__ The postseason includes twelve teams competing in the MLS Cup Playoffs through November and December, culminating in the championship game the MLS Cup.", "Ground developments to football stadiums in the English football league system __knowledge__ A large number of English football clubs have ongoing schemes to redevelop existing grounds, or to move to newly constructed stadiums.", "Ground developments to football stadiums in the English football league system __knowledge__ A trend towards all-seater stadiums was initially prescribed by the Taylor Report, and was originally a condition only of Premier League admission.", "Ground developments to football stadiums in the English football league system __knowledge__ It has now become a requirement that within three years of a club's first promotion to the Championship all paying spectators are seated, even if the club is subsequently relegated.", "Ground developments to football stadiums in the English football league system __knowledge__ This page provides an (incomplete) list and description of those clubs who have planned new stadiums or refurbishments, or who have already moved/refurbished since around the time of the Taylor Report." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The name is derived from the sport's typical venue: a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, race walking and hurdling, are won by the athlete with the fastest time.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Regular jumping events include long jump, triple jump, high jump and pole vault, while the most common throwing events are shot put, javelin, discus and hammer.", "Track and field __knowledge__ There are also \"combined events\" or \"multi events\", such as the pentathlon consisting of five events, heptathlon consisting of seven events, and decathlon consisting of ten events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ In these, athletes participate in a combination of track and field events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Most track and field events are individual sports with a single victor; the most prominent team events are relay races, which typically feature teams of four.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Pricing games are featured on the current version of the American game show The Price Is Right.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ The contestant from Contestants' Row who bids closest to the price of a prize without going over wins the prize and has the chance to win additional prizes or cash in an onstage game.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ After the pricing game ends, a new contestant is selected for Contestants' Row and the process is repeated.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Six pricing games are played on each hour-long episode.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Prior to expanding to one hour in length, three games per episode were played during the half-hour format.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ With the exception of a single game from early in the show's history, only one contestant at a time is involved in a pricing game.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ Athletics is a collection of sporting events that involve competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The most common types of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The results of racing events are decided by finishing position (or time, where measured), while the jumps and throws are won by the athlete that achieves the highest or furthest measurement from a series of attempts.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The simplicity of the competitions, and the lack of a need for expensive equipment, makes athletics one of the most commonly competed sports in the world.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Long-distance running, or endurance running, is a form of continuous running over distances of at least eight kilometres (5 miles).", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Physiologically, it is largely aerobic in nature and requires stamina as well as mental strength.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Among mammals, humans are well adapted for running significant distances, and particularly so among primates.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The endurance running hypothesis suggests that running endurance in the \"Homo\" genus arose because travelling over large areas improved scavenging opportunities and allowed persistence hunting.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The capacity for endurance running is also found in migratory ungulates and a limited number of terrestrial carnivores, such as dogs, wolves and hyenas.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Mercedes Maria Theresa Immaculata McQueen (also Owen, Fisher and Browning) is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera, \"Hollyoaks\", played by Jennifer Metcalfe.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ She debuted on-screen during the episode airing on 19 June 2006 as the first character to be introduced to the series by series producer, Bryan Kirkwood.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ In 2008 Metcalfe feared that the character was to be axed but was later reassured by the series producer that she would not be.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Metcalfe later stated her intention to stay with the series.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Mercedes is part of the McQueen family and is the longest serving McQueen on the series.", "Road running __knowledge__ Road running is the sport of running on a measured course over an established road (as opposed to track and field and cross country running).", "Road running __knowledge__ These events are usually classified as long-distance according to athletics terminology, with races typically ranging from 5 kilometers to 42.2 kilometers in the marathon.", "Road running __knowledge__ They may involve large numbers of runners or wheelchair entrants.", "Road running __knowledge__ The three most common IAAF recognized distances for \"road running\" events are 10K runs, half marathons and marathons.", "Road running __knowledge__ Despite this, there are far more 5K road race events, due to their popularity for charity races and similar, less competitive reasons to hold an event.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (400–499) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Roads in Texas are owned and maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (400–499) __knowledge__ FM 400 is an farm to market road in northern Texas running from an interchange with US 87 near Tahoka to FM 145 near Kress.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (400–499) __knowledge__ The highway runs around the east side of Lubbock.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (400–499) __knowledge__ FM 401 is a farm to market road in and around Childress.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (400–499) __knowledge__ It runs and is located entirely in Childress County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (400–499) __knowledge__ It begins at an intersection with US 287 (Avenue F) and 7th Street in downtown Childress, heads north along 7th Street to a T-intersection with FM 3181 north of the city.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (400–499) __knowledge__ The highway was designated in 1969.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (400–499) __knowledge__ The first incarnation of FM 401 existed in Lubbock and Hale counties.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club __knowledge__ Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club is an athletics club located in Ayr, Scotland.", "Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club __knowledge__ The club trains at Dam Park track, situated outside Ayr College.", "Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club __knowledge__ The club hosts a club championship every year that allows up-and-coming athletes to compete against their teammates to see who has progressed the most through the year.", "Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club __knowledge__ Ayr Seaforth is Ayr's only athletics club offering athletes both young and old the opportunity to take part in many aspects of athletics.", "Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club __knowledge__ Seaforth has a very strong road running club but is also a strong track and field event club.", "Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club __knowledge__ Dam park track is made up of tartan track; the track has a signature red color it.", "Floyd Bennett Field __knowledge__ Floyd Bennett Field is an airfield in the Marine Park section of southeast Brooklyn, New York City, along the shore of Jamaica Bay.", "Floyd Bennett Field __knowledge__ The airport originally hosted commercial and general aviation traffic before being used as a naval air station.", "Floyd Bennett Field __knowledge__ Bennett Field is currently part of the Gateway National Recreation Area's Jamaica Bay Unit, and is managed by the National Park Service (NPS).", "Floyd Bennett Field __knowledge__ While no longer used as an operational commercial, military, or general aviation airfield, a section is still used as a helicopter base by the New York City Police Department (NYPD).", "Floyd Bennett Field __knowledge__ Floyd Bennett Field was created by connecting Barren Island and several smaller islands to the rest of Brooklyn by filling the channels between them with sand pumped from the bottom of Jamaica Bay." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The name is derived from the sport's typical venue: a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, race walking and hurdling, are won by the athlete with the fastest time.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Regular jumping events include long jump, triple jump, high jump and pole vault, while the most common throwing events are shot put, javelin, discus and hammer.", "Track and field __knowledge__ There are also \"combined events\" or \"multi events\", such as the pentathlon consisting of five events, heptathlon consisting of seven events, and decathlon consisting of ten events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ In these, athletes participate in a combination of track and field events.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Most track and field events are individual sports with a single victor; the most prominent team events are relay races, which typically feature teams of four.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Specimens of Middle Cornish texts are given here in Cornish and English.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Both texts have been dated within the period 1370-1410 and the \"Charter Fragment\" is given in two Cornish orthographies.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ (Earlier examples of written Cornish exist but these are the first in continuous prose or verse.)", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ It was not until the reign of Athelstan that the Cornish kings became subject to the rulers of Wessex: even so the border was established irrevocably on the east bank on the Tamar and in ecclesiastical matters Cornwall was added to the territory of the Bishops of Sherborne.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Under Canute it ceased to be subject to the King of England and only later, at an unknown date in Edward the Confessor's reign was annexed again.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ This is a list of aliens on Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10 franchise\".", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Voiced by: Heatblast is a Pyronite from the star Pyros.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ He appears as a magma-based lifeform whose body is composed of a bright inner magma body covered by a reddish-brown charcoal-like crust.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is essentially \"living magma\", thus everything he touches either melts or catches fire.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ In the original series, he is the tenth alien in the Omnitrix.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is Ben's first transformation, accidentally activated and started a wildfire in the pilot episode of the original series, \"And Then There Were 10\" when Ben was trying to remove the Omnitrix immediately after it first attached to him.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Road running __knowledge__ Road running is the sport of running on a measured course over an established road (as opposed to track and field and cross country running).", "Road running __knowledge__ These events are usually classified as long-distance according to athletics terminology, with races typically ranging from 5 kilometers to 42.2 kilometers in the marathon.", "Road running __knowledge__ They may involve large numbers of runners or wheelchair entrants.", "Road running __knowledge__ The three most common IAAF recognized distances for \"road running\" events are 10K runs, half marathons and marathons.", "Road running __knowledge__ Despite this, there are far more 5K road race events, due to their popularity for charity races and similar, less competitive reasons to hold an event.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ Athletics is a collection of sporting events that involve competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The most common types of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The results of racing events are decided by finishing position (or time, where measured), while the jumps and throws are won by the athlete that achieves the highest or furthest measurement from a series of attempts.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The simplicity of the competitions, and the lack of a need for expensive equipment, makes athletics one of the most commonly competed sports in the world.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Long-distance running, or endurance running, is a form of continuous running over distances of at least eight kilometres (5 miles).", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Physiologically, it is largely aerobic in nature and requires stamina as well as mental strength.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Among mammals, humans are well adapted for running significant distances, and particularly so among primates.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The endurance running hypothesis suggests that running endurance in the \"Homo\" genus arose because travelling over large areas improved scavenging opportunities and allowed persistence hunting.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The capacity for endurance running is also found in migratory ungulates and a limited number of terrestrial carnivores, such as dogs, wolves and hyenas.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion allowing humans and other animals to move rapidly on foot.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a type of gait characterized by an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are exceptions).", "Running __knowledge__ This is in contrast to walking, where one foot is always in contact with the ground, the legs are kept mostly straight and the center of gravity vaults over the stance leg or legs in an inverted pendulum fashion.", "Running __knowledge__ A characteristic feature of a running body from the viewpoint of spring-mass mechanics is that changes in kinetic and potential energy within a stride occur simultaneously, with energy storage accomplished by springy tendons and passive muscle elasticity.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (400–499) __knowledge__ Farm to Market Roads in Texas are owned and maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (400–499) __knowledge__ FM 400 is an farm to market road in northern Texas running from an interchange with US 87 near Tahoka to FM 145 near Kress.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (400–499) __knowledge__ The highway runs around the east side of Lubbock.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (400–499) __knowledge__ FM 401 is a farm to market road in and around Childress.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (400–499) __knowledge__ It runs and is located entirely in Childress County.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (400–499) __knowledge__ It begins at an intersection with US 287 (Avenue F) and 7th Street in downtown Childress, heads north along 7th Street to a T-intersection with FM 3181 north of the city.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (400–499) __knowledge__ The highway was designated in 1969.", "List of Farm to Market Roads in Texas (400–499) __knowledge__ The first incarnation of FM 401 existed in Lubbock and Hale counties.", "Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club __knowledge__ Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club is an athletics club located in Ayr, Scotland.", "Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club __knowledge__ The club trains at Dam Park track, situated outside Ayr College.", "Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club __knowledge__ The club hosts a club championship every year that allows up-and-coming athletes to compete against their teammates to see who has progressed the most through the year.", "Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club __knowledge__ Ayr Seaforth is Ayr's only athletics club offering athletes both young and old the opportunity to take part in many aspects of athletics.", "Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club __knowledge__ Seaforth has a very strong road running club but is also a strong track and field event club.", "Ayr Seaforth Athletic Club __knowledge__ Dam park track is made up of tartan track; the track has a signature red color it.", "Obudu Ranch International Mountain Race __knowledge__ The Obudu Ranch International Mountain Race is an annual 11.25 km mountain running competition that takes place in late November in Obudu, Cross River State, Nigeria.", "Obudu Ranch International Mountain Race __knowledge__ First held in 2005, it has the largest total prize money available of any mountain race and is known as \"the world's richest mountain race\".", "Obudu Ranch International Mountain Race __knowledge__ The men's and women's competition winners receive US$50,000 each, and there is a total prize pot of around $250,000.", "Obudu Ranch International Mountain Race __knowledge__ The combination of the distance of the race and the rewards on offer means that it attracts world-class road running athletes as well as mountain running athletes.", "Obudu Ranch International Mountain Race __knowledge__ It is an associate member race of the World Mountain Running Association (WMRA) and is also endorsed by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF)." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 30, 45 ]

[ "I did not either, I did not have any skill of running, jumping or throwing.", "Yes, I did not the venue. Stadiums scare me.", "Track and field also includes road running. I would prefer that.", "Road running is done on an established road.", "Yes but I prefer an established road than off terrain." ]

[ "Track and field", "Track and field", "Track and field", "Track and field", "Track and field" ]

[ "Adam Levine", "Yes, he is from the band Maroon 5 I think. Great voice.", "I know, plus he has an amazing personality and dresses amazing. I really like his songs.", "Oh yeah, definitely. I like the collaborations he has done with other artists as well, like Christina Aguilera" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Adam Noah Levine (born March 18, 1979) is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and record producer.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ He is the lead singer for the pop rock band Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, Levine began his musical career in 1994, when he co-founded the alternative rock band Kara's Flowers, of which he was the lead vocalist and guitarist.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The band split up after their only album, \"The Fourth World\" (released in 1997), which did not gain popularity.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2001, the group was reformed – with guitarist James Valentine joining the line-up – and began a new musical chapter, changing their name to Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2002, the band released their first album, \"Songs About Jane\", which went multi-platinum in the US.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since then, they have released five more albums: \"It Won't Be Soon Before Long\" (2007), \"Hands All Over\" (2010), \"Overexposed\" (2012), \"V\" (2014) and \"Red Pill Blues\" (2017).", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ As part of Maroon 5, Levine has received three Grammy Awards, two Billboard Music Awards, two American Music Awards, an MTV Video Music Award and a World Music Award.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since 2011, Levine has served as a coach on NBC's reality talent show \"The Voice\".", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The winners of the first, fifth and ninth seasons: Javier Colon, Tessanne Chin and Jordan Smith, were all on his team." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Adam Noah Levine (born March 18, 1979) is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and record producer.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ He is the lead singer for the pop rock band Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, Levine began his musical career in 1994, when he co-founded the alternative rock band Kara's Flowers, of which he was the lead vocalist and guitarist.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The band split up after their only album, \"The Fourth World\" (released in 1997), which did not gain popularity.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2001, the group was reformed – with guitarist James Valentine joining the line-up – and began a new musical chapter, changing their name to Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2002, the band released their first album, \"Songs About Jane\", which went multi-platinum in the US.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since then, they have released five more albums: \"It Won't Be Soon Before Long\" (2007), \"Hands All Over\" (2010), \"Overexposed\" (2012), \"V\" (2014) and \"Red Pill Blues\" (2017).", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ As part of Maroon 5, Levine has received three Grammy Awards, two Billboard Music Awards, two American Music Awards, an MTV Video Music Award and a World Music Award.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since 2011, Levine has served as a coach on NBC's reality talent show \"The Voice\".", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The winners of the first, fifth and ninth seasons: Javier Colon, Tessanne Chin and Jordan Smith, were all on his team.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ \"Sugar\" is a song recorded by American pop rock band Maroon 5 for their fifth studio album, \"V\" (2014).", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ It was written by Mike Posner, Adam Levine, Dr. Luke, and Jacob Kasher Hindlin together with its producers Ammo and Cirkut.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ It was sent to contemporary hit radio in the United States, as the third single from the album on January 13, 2015.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ \"Sugar\" is a disco, funk-pop and soul song that features a wide range of instruments including percussion, keyboards and guitars.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ Commercially, \"Sugar\" peaked at number two on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and became the band's third top 10 single from \"V\", and eighth consecutive top 10 entry.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ Maroon 5 is an American pop rock band that originated in Los Angeles, California.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ It currently consists of lead vocalist Adam Levine, keyboardist and rhythm guitarist Jesse Carmichael, bassist Mickey Madden, lead guitarist James Valentine, drummer Matt Flynn, keyboardist PJ Morton and multi-instrumentalist Sam Farrar.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ Original members Adam Levine, Jesse Carmichael, Mickey Madden and drummer Ryan Dusick first came together as Kara's Flowers in 1994, while they were still in high school.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ The band self-released an album called \"We Like Digging?", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ \", then signed to Reprise Records and released the album \"The Fourth World\" in 1997.", "Overexposed (album) __knowledge__ Overexposed is the fourth studio album by the American band Maroon 5, released on June 20, 2012, by A&M Octone Records.", "Overexposed (album) __knowledge__ The album was recorded between 2011 and 2012 and was driven after the moderate success of their third album, \"Hands All Over\" (2010), and later by the enormous success of the re-released edition, which was promoted by the single \"Moves Like Jagger\", recorded as a collaboration with Christina Aguilera.", "Overexposed (album) __knowledge__ It is the band's only album not to feature keyboardist, rhythm guitarist and background vocalist, Jesse Carmichael, who took a temporary break from performing with the group to focus on his studies back then, but eventually returned to the band in 2014.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ \"Payphone\" is a song performed by American pop rock band Maroon 5 featuring American rapper Wiz Khalifa.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ The song was released on April 16, 2012, as the lead single from their fourth studio album, \"Overexposed\" (2012).", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Adam Levine, Benny Blanco, Ammar Malik, Robopop, Shellback, and Khalifa, and produced by Blanco and Shellback.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ The song is a pop ballad and describes a romance that ended abruptly.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ It has received favorable reviews from music critics, who praised the catchy melody and named it \"a radio success\", but some others dismissed its title and Khalifa's appearance.", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ \"Moves like Jagger\" is a song by American band Maroon 5 featuring singer Christina Aguilera.", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ It was released by A&M Octone Records on June 21, 2011, as the fourth and final single from the re-release of the group's third studio album \"Hands All Over\" (2010).", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ The song was written by Adam Levine, Ammar Malik, Benjamin Levin, and Shellback; the latter two are also the producers.", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ \"Moves like Jagger\" is a dance-pop and electropop song and is backed by synths and electronic drums.", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ The lyrics refer to a male's ability to impress a love interest with his dance moves, which he compares to those of Mick Jagger, lead singer of The Rolling Stones.", "Sara Bareilles __knowledge__ Sara Beth Bareilles (; born December 7, 1979) is an American singer-songwriter, actress and author.", "Sara Bareilles __knowledge__ She achieved mainstream success in 2007 with the hit single \"Love Song\", which reached number four on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart.", "Sara Bareilles __knowledge__ Bareilles has sold over one million albums and over nine million singles/downloads in the United States alone and has earned six Grammy Award nominations, including one Album of the Year nomination for her album \"The Blessed Unrest\".", "Sara Bareilles __knowledge__ In the third season of NBC's \"The Sing-Off\", Bareilles was a celebrity judge alongside Ben Folds and Shawn Stockman.", "Sara Bareilles __knowledge__ In February 2012, VH1 placed Bareilles in the 80th spot of the Top 100 Greatest Women in Music.", "Heard 'Em Say __knowledge__ \"Heard 'Em Say\" is a song by American hip-hop artist Kanye West.", "Heard 'Em Say __knowledge__ It was released on November 8, 2005 as the third single for his second studio album, \"Late Registration\".", "Heard 'Em Say __knowledge__ The song features Maroon 5 lead singer Adam Levine, who sings the chorus and bridge.", "Heard 'Em Say __knowledge__ West co-produced the track with Jon Brion, and it contains excerpts from \"Someone That I Used to Love\" as performed by Natalie Cole.", "Heard 'Em Say __knowledge__ The song was met by acclaim from contemporary music critics and is often seen as one of West's best.", "Heard 'Em Say __knowledge__ The refrain of \"Heard 'Em Say\" was later recycled for the Maroon 5 song \"Nothing Lasts Forever\" which appears on their 2007 album \"It Won't Be Soon Before Long\".", "Javier Colon __knowledge__ Javier Colon (alternately styled Javier Colón, born April 29, 1978) is an American singer-songwriter and musician.", "Javier Colon __knowledge__ He has referred to his style of music as being \"acoustic soul.\"", "Javier Colon __knowledge__ He was a member of EmcQ and The Derek Trucks Band, and worked with many musicians before going solo.", "Javier Colon __knowledge__ From 2002 to 2006, he was signed to Capitol Records, known as artist Javier.", "Javier Colon __knowledge__ In 2006, however, the contract was terminated and Javier Colon became an independent artist with his own label, Javier Colon Music.", "Javier Colon __knowledge__ In 2011, he was the winner of the inaugural season of the U.S. television show on NBC, \"The Voice\", receiving $100,000 and signing a recording contract with Universal Republic Records." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Adam Noah Levine (born March 18, 1979) is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and record producer.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ He is the lead singer for the pop rock band Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, Levine began his musical career in 1994, when he co-founded the alternative rock band Kara's Flowers, of which he was the lead vocalist and guitarist.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The band split up after their only album, \"The Fourth World\" (released in 1997), which did not gain popularity.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2001, the group was reformed – with guitarist James Valentine joining the line-up – and began a new musical chapter, changing their name to Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2002, the band released their first album, \"Songs About Jane\", which went multi-platinum in the US.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since then, they have released five more albums: \"It Won't Be Soon Before Long\" (2007), \"Hands All Over\" (2010), \"Overexposed\" (2012), \"V\" (2014) and \"Red Pill Blues\" (2017).", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ As part of Maroon 5, Levine has received three Grammy Awards, two Billboard Music Awards, two American Music Awards, an MTV Video Music Award and a World Music Award.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since 2011, Levine has served as a coach on NBC's reality talent show \"The Voice\".", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The winners of the first, fifth and ninth seasons: Javier Colon, Tessanne Chin and Jordan Smith, were all on his team.", "Chrissie Watts __knowledge__ Chrissie Watts is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\", played by Tracy-Ann Oberman.", "Chrissie Watts __knowledge__ She first appeared in April 2004 as the second wife of the show's \"most enduring character\", Den Watts (Leslie Grantham), becoming a prominent regular for the next 18 months.", "Chrissie Watts __knowledge__ In 2005 she was the focus of one of \"the programme's biggest and most high-profile narratives\" when she killed her husband in a fit of rage during the special 20th anniversary episode.", "Chrissie Watts __knowledge__ The broadcast, airing on 18 February, was watched by 14.34 million people, with \"almost 60% of possible viewers\" tuning in to see Chrissie take revenge.", "Emily Gilmore __knowledge__ Emily Gilmore is a fictional character who appears in the American comedy-drama television series \"Gilmore Girls\" (2000 – 2007) and its revival \"\" (2016) as the matriarch of the eponymous family.", "Emily Gilmore __knowledge__ Portrayed by actress Kelly Bishop, the character was created by series creator Amy Sherman-Palladino in order to add a tragic element to the show's light-hearted nature.", "Emily Gilmore __knowledge__ Emily has had a complicated relationship with her daughter Lorelai ever since the character runs away at age 17 to raise her newborn daughter Rory on her own.", "Emily Gilmore __knowledge__ They remain estranged for several years until Lorelai asks her parents to help pay for Rory's schooling, to which Emily agrees on the condition that her daughter and granddaughter visit them for dinner every Friday evening.", "Emotion (Carly Rae Jepsen album) __knowledge__ Emotion (stylized as E•MO•TION) is the third studio album by Canadian singer Carly Rae Jepsen.", "Emotion (Carly Rae Jepsen album) __knowledge__ It was released on June 24, 2015 in Japan and on August 21, 2015 worldwide through 604, School Boy, and Interscope Records.", "Emotion (Carly Rae Jepsen album) __knowledge__ Looking to transition from the bubblegum pop-oriented nature of her second studio album \"Kiss\" (2012), Jepsen found inspiration in 1980s music and alternative styles.", "Emotion (Carly Rae Jepsen album) __knowledge__ She enlisted a team of mainstream and indie collaborators, including Sia, Mattman & Robin, Dev Hynes, Ariel Rechtshaid and Rostam Batmanglij, culminating in a largely synth-pop-centric effort.", "Emotion (Carly Rae Jepsen album) __knowledge__ \"Emotion\" received acclaim from contemporary music critics, who praised its pop escapism, but were divided over its lyrical content.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ \"Amazing Grace\" is a Christian hymn published in 1779, with words written by the English poet and Anglican clergyman John Newton (1725–1807).", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ Newton wrote the words from personal experience.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ He grew up without any particular religious conviction, but his life's path was formed by a variety of twists and coincidences that were often put into motion by his recalcitrant insubordination.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ He was pressed (conscripted) into service in the Royal Navy, and after leaving the service, he became involved in the Atlantic slave trade.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ In 1748, a violent storm battered his vessel off the coast of County Donegal, Ireland, so severely that he called out to God for mercy, a moment that marked his spiritual conversion.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Chris Cornell (born Christopher John Boyle; July 20, 1964 – May 18, 2017) was an American musician, singer, and songwriter.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ He was best known as the lead vocalist for the rock bands Soundgarden and Audioslave.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell was also known for his numerous solo works and soundtrack contributions since 1991, and as the founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog, the one-off tribute band dedicated to his late friend Andrew Wood.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell is considered one of the chief architects of the 1990s grunge movement, and is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter, his nearly four-octave vocal range, and his powerful vocal belting technique.", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The Amazing Race is an American reality competition show in which typically eleven teams of two race around the world.", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The race is generally split into twelve legs, with each leg requiring teams to deduce clues, navigate themselves in foreign areas, interact with locals, perform physical and mental challenges, and vie for airplane, boat, taxi, and other public transportation options on a limited budget provided by the show.", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Teams are progressively eliminated at the end of most legs, while the first team to arrive at the end of the final leg wins the grand prize of .", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ As the original version of the \"Amazing Race\" franchise, the CBS program has been running since 2001.", "Georg Gaßmann __knowledge__ Georg Gaßmann (28 May 1910 in Marburg – 5 August 1987 in Marburg) was a German politician.", "Georg Gaßmann __knowledge__ As a member of the SPD, Gaßmann was the mayor of Marburg for nearly 20 years and a member of the Hessian Landtag in Wiesbaden.", "Georg Gaßmann __knowledge__ After serving as a politician, Gaßmann was awarded the \"Großes Verdienstkreuz\", one of the German Federal Crosses of Merit.", "Georg Gaßmann __knowledge__ The Georg-Gaßmann-Stadion in Marburg was also named in his honour.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ Maroon 5 is an American pop rock band that originated in Los Angeles, California.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ It currently consists of lead vocalist Adam Levine, keyboardist and rhythm guitarist Jesse Carmichael, bassist Mickey Madden, lead guitarist James Valentine, drummer Matt Flynn, keyboardist PJ Morton and multi-instrumentalist Sam Farrar.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ Original members Adam Levine, Jesse Carmichael, Mickey Madden and drummer Ryan Dusick first came together as Kara's Flowers in 1994, while they were still in high school.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ The band self-released an album called \"We Like Digging?", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ \", then signed to Reprise Records and released the album \"The Fourth World\" in 1997.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ \"Payphone\" is a song performed by American pop rock band Maroon 5 featuring American rapper Wiz Khalifa.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ The song was released on April 16, 2012, as the lead single from their fourth studio album, \"Overexposed\" (2012).", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Adam Levine, Benny Blanco, Ammar Malik, Robopop, Shellback, and Khalifa, and produced by Blanco and Shellback.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ The song is a pop ballad and describes a romance that ended abruptly.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ It has received favorable reviews from music critics, who praised the catchy melody and named it \"a radio success\", but some others dismissed its title and Khalifa's appearance.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ \"Sugar\" is a song recorded by American pop rock band Maroon 5 for their fifth studio album, \"V\" (2014).", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ It was written by Mike Posner, Adam Levine, Dr. Luke, and Jacob Kasher Hindlin together with its producers Ammo and Cirkut.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ It was sent to contemporary hit radio in the United States, as the third single from the album on January 13, 2015.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ \"Sugar\" is a disco, funk-pop and soul song that features a wide range of instruments including percussion, keyboards and guitars.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ Commercially, \"Sugar\" peaked at number two on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and became the band's third top 10 single from \"V\", and eighth consecutive top 10 entry.", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ \"Moves like Jagger\" is a song by American band Maroon 5 featuring singer Christina Aguilera.", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ It was released by A&M Octone Records on June 21, 2011, as the fourth and final single from the re-release of the group's third studio album \"Hands All Over\" (2010).", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ The song was written by Adam Levine, Ammar Malik, Benjamin Levin, and Shellback; the latter two are also the producers.", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ \"Moves like Jagger\" is a dance-pop and electropop song and is backed by synths and electronic drums.", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ The lyrics refer to a male's ability to impress a love interest with his dance moves, which he compares to those of Mick Jagger, lead singer of The Rolling Stones.", "Hands All Over (album) __knowledge__ Hands All Over is the third studio album by the American rock band Maroon 5.", "Hands All Over (album) __knowledge__ Produced by veteran producer Robert John \"Mutt\" Lange, the album was released by A&M/Octone Records on September 15, 2010 in Japan.", "Hands All Over (album) __knowledge__ On July 12, 2011, the band re-released the album to include their summer hit \"Moves like Jagger\".", "Hands All Over (album) __knowledge__ The lead single, \"Misery\", was released in June 2010.", "Hands All Over (album) __knowledge__ \"Give a Little More\" followed as the second single in August 2010, \"Never Gonna Leave This Bed\" as the third single in January 2011, and \"Moves like Jagger\" as the fourth and final single in June 2011.", "Hands All Over (album) __knowledge__ Maroon 5 went on tour to promote the album in the summer of 2011.", "Overexposed (album) __knowledge__ Overexposed is the fourth studio album by the American band Maroon 5, released on June 20, 2012, by A&M Octone Records.", "Overexposed (album) __knowledge__ The album was recorded between 2011 and 2012 and was driven after the moderate success of their third album, \"Hands All Over\" (2010), and later by the enormous success of the re-released edition, which was promoted by the single \"Moves Like Jagger\", recorded as a collaboration with Christina Aguilera.", "Overexposed (album) __knowledge__ It is the band's only album not to feature keyboardist, rhythm guitarist and background vocalist, Jesse Carmichael, who took a temporary break from performing with the group to focus on his studies back then, but eventually returned to the band in 2014." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Adam Noah Levine (born March 18, 1979) is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and record producer.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ He is the lead singer for the pop rock band Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, Levine began his musical career in 1994, when he co-founded the alternative rock band Kara's Flowers, of which he was the lead vocalist and guitarist.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The band split up after their only album, \"The Fourth World\" (released in 1997), which did not gain popularity.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2001, the group was reformed – with guitarist James Valentine joining the line-up – and began a new musical chapter, changing their name to Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2002, the band released their first album, \"Songs About Jane\", which went multi-platinum in the US.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since then, they have released five more albums: \"It Won't Be Soon Before Long\" (2007), \"Hands All Over\" (2010), \"Overexposed\" (2012), \"V\" (2014) and \"Red Pill Blues\" (2017).", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ As part of Maroon 5, Levine has received three Grammy Awards, two Billboard Music Awards, two American Music Awards, an MTV Video Music Award and a World Music Award.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since 2011, Levine has served as a coach on NBC's reality talent show \"The Voice\".", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The winners of the first, fifth and ninth seasons: Javier Colon, Tessanne Chin and Jordan Smith, were all on his team.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Christina Aguilera __knowledge__ Christina María Aguilera (born December 18, 1980) is an American singer, songwriter, actress and television personality.", "Christina Aguilera __knowledge__ Born in Staten Island, New York and raised in Rochester and Wexford, Pennsylvania, she appeared on the television series \"Star Search\" and \"The Mickey Mouse Club\" in her early years.", "Christina Aguilera __knowledge__ After recording \"Reflection\", the theme for Disney's 1998 film \"Mulan\", Aguilera signed with RCA Records.", "Christina Aguilera __knowledge__ She rose to prominence with her 1999 self-titled debut album that spawned the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one singles \"Genie in a Bottle\", \"What a Girl Wants\", and \"Come On Over Baby (All I Want Is You)\".", "Christina Aguilera (album) __knowledge__ Christina Aguilera is the self-titled debut studio album by American singer Christina Aguilera.", "Christina Aguilera (album) __knowledge__ It was released on August 24, 1999 by RCA Records.", "Christina Aguilera (album) __knowledge__ After recording \"Reflection\", the theme song for \"Mulan\", RCA laid the foundation for the album immediately and started presenting Aguilera with tracks for her debut album, which they later decided would have a January 1999 release.", "Christina Aguilera (album) __knowledge__ Its music incorporates dance-pop and teen pop genres, with a few songs featuring strong elements from soul and R&B.", "Christina Aguilera (album) __knowledge__ Contributions to the album's production came from a wide range of producers, including David Frank, Ron Fair, Guy Roche, Robin Thicke, Diane Warren, Matthew Wilder, and Aaron Zigman.", "Say Something (A Great Big World song) __knowledge__ \"Say Something\" is a song by American indie pop duo A Great Big World from their debut album, \"Is There Anybody Out There?\"", "Say Something (A Great Big World song) __knowledge__ (2013).", "Say Something (A Great Big World song) __knowledge__ Written by the duo members—Ian Axel and Chad King—alongside Mike Campbell, the song was originally recorded by Axel for his solo album \"This Is the New Year\" (2011).", "Say Something (A Great Big World song) __knowledge__ It was later released as a single by the duo on September 3, 2013, by Epic Records.", "Say Something (A Great Big World song) __knowledge__ Following its usage on American reality TV show \"So You Think You Can Dance\", the track gained attention from singer Christina Aguilera, who wanted to collaborate with A Great Big World on the song.", "Say Something (A Great Big World song) __knowledge__ Soon afterwards, a re-recorded version of \"Say Something\" with Aguilera was released on November 4, 2013.", "What a Girl Wants (Christina Aguilera song) __knowledge__ \"What a Girl Wants\" is a song by American singer Christina Aguilera, taken from her debut album \"Christina Aguilera\" (1999).", "What a Girl Wants (Christina Aguilera song) __knowledge__ A re-recorded version was released on November 28, 1999 by RCA Records as the album's second single, following the commercial success of the album's lead single \"Genie in a Bottle\".", "What a Girl Wants (Christina Aguilera song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Shelly Peiken and Guy Roche.", "What a Girl Wants (Christina Aguilera song) __knowledge__ The song was completed and pitched to RCA executive Ron Fair as \"What a Girl Needs\" and was renamed \"What a Girl Wants\"; Fair later gave the track to Aguilera.", "What a Girl Wants (Christina Aguilera song) __knowledge__ A Spanish version of the song, titled \"Una Mujer,\" was included on Aguilera's second studio album \"Mi Reflejo\" (2000).", "Pink (singer) __knowledge__ Alecia Beth Moore (born September 8, 1979), known professionally as Pink (stylized as ), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actress.", "Pink (singer) __knowledge__ She was signed to her first record label with original R&B girl group Choice in 1995.", "Pink (singer) __knowledge__ The label, LaFace Records, only saw potential in Pink, offering her a solo deal.", "Pink (singer) __knowledge__ Choice disbanded in 1998.", "Pink (singer) __knowledge__ Pink rose as an artist with her debut solo album, \"Can't Take Me Home\" (2000).", "Pink (singer) __knowledge__ It was certified double-platinum in the United States and spawned two \"Billboard\" Hot 100 top-ten hits: \"There You Go\" and \"Most Girls\".", "Pink (singer) __knowledge__ She gained further recognition with the \"Moulin Rouge!\"", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is a single released in 1985 by the Swiss band Yello and featured on their album \"Stella\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song features a mix of electronic music and manipulated vocals.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song gained popularity after being featured in the films \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and \"The Secret of My Success\", among other films.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It has become an iconic anthem of the 1980s, and used to metaphorically represent lust (in various forms) and cocaine.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It is a popular staple in movies, television and commercials.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Its 1987 re-released version features the extra lyrics: \"such a good time / a really good time\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Describing the composition of \"Oh Yeah,\" Blank said, \"First I did the music and then I invited Dieter to sing along, and he came up with some lines which I thought, 'no Dieter, it's too complicated, we don't need that many lyrics'.", "The Voice of the Philippines __knowledge__ The Voice of the Philippines is a Filipino reality television singing competition on ABS-CBN.", "The Voice of the Philippines __knowledge__ It is based on the reality singing competition \"The Voice of Holland\", which was originally created by Dutch television producer John de Mol as part of \"The Voice\" franchise.", "The Voice of the Philippines __knowledge__ Toni Gonzaga has been hosting the show since the first season; on the other hand, Luis Manzano, who had crossovered from \"The Voice Kids\", had hosted the show since the second season.", "The Voice of the Philippines __knowledge__ Both are accompanied by Robi Domingo and Alex Gonzaga who serves as the show's \"V-Reporters\" or the social media and backstage correspondents.", "The Voice of the Philippines __knowledge__ Sarah Geronimo, Bamboo Mañalac, Lea Salonga, and apl.de.ap serve as the four coaches and the judging panel of the show.", "NBC __knowledge__ The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American English language commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast.", "NBC __knowledge__ The network is headquartered at 30 Rockefeller Plaza in New York City, with additional major offices near Los Angeles (at 10 Universal City Plaza), and Chicago (at the NBC Tower).", "NBC __knowledge__ The network is part of the Big Three television networks.", "NBC __knowledge__ NBC is sometimes referred to as the \"Peacock Network\", in reference to its stylized peacock logo, introduced in 1956 to promote the company's innovations in early color broadcasting.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The series is a satirical depiction of working-class life, epitomized by the Simpson family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield and parodies American culture and society, television, and the human condition.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family, substituting Bart for his own name.", "Days of Our Lives __knowledge__ Days of Our Lives (also stylized as Days of our Lives; often abbreviated to DOOL or Days) is an American daytime soap opera broadcast on the NBC television network.", "Days of Our Lives __knowledge__ It is one of the longest-running scripted television programs in the world, airing nearly every weekday since November 8, 1965.", "Days of Our Lives __knowledge__ It has since been syndicated to many countries around the world.", "Days of Our Lives __knowledge__ Until the network's closure in 2013, Soapnet rebroadcast episodes of \"Days\" on a same-day basis each weeknight at 8:00 and 10:00 p.m. (Eastern and Pacific Time).", "Days of Our Lives __knowledge__ The series was created by husband-and-wife team Ted Corday and Betty Corday.", "Days of Our Lives __knowledge__ Irna Phillips was a story editor for \"Days of Our Lives\" and many of the show's earliest storylines were written by William J.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Hendrik Johannes \"Johan\" Cruijff (, anglicised to Cruyff; 25 April 1947 – 24 March 2016) was a Dutch professional football player and coach.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ As a player, he won the Ballon d'Or three times, in 1971, 1973, and 1974.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Cruyff was the most famous exponent of the football philosophy known as Total Football explored by Rinus Michels, and is widely regarded as one of the greatest players in football history.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ In the 1970s, Dutch football rose from near obscurity to become a powerhouse in the sport.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Cruyff led the Netherlands to the final of the 1974 FIFA World Cup and received the Golden Ball as player of the tournament.", "Emotion (Carly Rae Jepsen album) __knowledge__ Emotion (stylized as E•MO•TION) is the third studio album by Canadian singer Carly Rae Jepsen.", "Emotion (Carly Rae Jepsen album) __knowledge__ It was released on June 24, 2015 in Japan and on August 21, 2015 worldwide through 604, School Boy, and Interscope Records.", "Emotion (Carly Rae Jepsen album) __knowledge__ Looking to transition from the bubblegum pop-oriented nature of her second studio album \"Kiss\" (2012), Jepsen found inspiration in 1980s music and alternative styles.", "Emotion (Carly Rae Jepsen album) __knowledge__ She enlisted a team of mainstream and indie collaborators, including Sia, Mattman & Robin, Dev Hynes, Ariel Rechtshaid and Rostam Batmanglij, culminating in a largely synth-pop-centric effort.", "Emotion (Carly Rae Jepsen album) __knowledge__ \"Emotion\" received acclaim from contemporary music critics, who praised its pop escapism, but were divided over its lyrical content.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The 2010 \"Tonight Show\" conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ Leno, the host of long-running franchise \"The Tonight Show\" since 1992, and O'Brien, host of \"Late Night\" since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for the network for much of the decade.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ When O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, when they informed him he would remain host for five more years and then transition the show to O'Brien in 2009." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 9, 3 ]

[ "I love Adam Levine! Have you heard of him? He's an American singer, songwriter, actor and record producer.", "Exactly! He's the lead singer for Maroon 5. He has an amazing voice! Not many men can hit the notes that he can!", "I really like his coaching style on NBC's The Voice. He's been on that show since 2011.", "They've made some incredible music together. I recently learned that before they were Maroon 5, most members of the band were in a group named Kara's Flowers." ]

[ "Adam Levine", "Adam Levine", "Adam Levine", "Adam Levine" ]

[ "Peanut allergy", "Really, I love peanut", "What! Is that medically related", "OK ,does it have any cure?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Peanut allergy is a type of food allergy to peanuts.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is different from nut allergies.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Physical symptoms of allergic reaction can include itchiness, urticaria, swelling, eczema, sneezing, asthma, abdominal pain, drop in blood pressure, diarrhea, and cardiac arrest.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Anaphylaxis may occur.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is due to a type I hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system in susceptible individuals.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ The allergy is recognized \"as one of the most severe food allergies due to its prevalence, persistency, and potential severity of allergic reaction.\"", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Prevention may be partly achieved through early introduction of peanuts to the diets of pregnant women and babies.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ The principal treatment for anaphylaxis is epinephrine as an injection.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ In the United States, peanut allergy is present in 0.6% of the population.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is a common cause of food-related fatal and near-fatal allergic reactions.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms of peanut allergy are related to the action of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) and other anaphylatoxins which act to release histamine and other mediator substances from mast cells (degranulation).", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ In addition to other effects, histamine induces vasodilation of arterioles and constriction of bronchioles in the lungs, also known as bronchospasm." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Peanut allergy is a type of food allergy to peanuts.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is different from nut allergies.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Physical symptoms of allergic reaction can include itchiness, urticaria, swelling, eczema, sneezing, asthma, abdominal pain, drop in blood pressure, diarrhea, and cardiac arrest.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Anaphylaxis may occur.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is due to a type I hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system in susceptible individuals.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ The allergy is recognized \"as one of the most severe food allergies due to its prevalence, persistency, and potential severity of allergic reaction.\"", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Prevention may be partly achieved through early introduction of peanuts to the diets of pregnant women and babies.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ The principal treatment for anaphylaxis is epinephrine as an injection.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ In the United States, peanut allergy is present in 0.6% of the population.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is a common cause of food-related fatal and near-fatal allergic reactions.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms of peanut allergy are related to the action of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) and other anaphylatoxins which act to release histamine and other mediator substances from mast cells (degranulation).", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ In addition to other effects, histamine induces vasodilation of arterioles and constriction of bronchioles in the lungs, also known as bronchospasm.", "Peanut __knowledge__ The peanut, also known as the groundnut and the goober and taxonomically classified as Arachis hypogaea, is a legume crop grown mainly for its edible seeds.", "Peanut __knowledge__ It is widely grown in the tropics and subtropics, being important to both small and large commercial producers.", "Peanut __knowledge__ It is classified as both a grain legume and, because of its high oil content, an oil crop.", "Peanut __knowledge__ World annual production of shelled peanuts was 42 million tonnes in 2014.", "Peanut __knowledge__ Atypically among crop plants, peanut pods develop underground rather than aboveground.", "Peanut __knowledge__ It is this characteristic that the botanist Linnaeus used to assign the specific name \"hypogaea,\" which means \"under the earth.\"", "Peanut butter __knowledge__ Peanut butter is a food paste or spread made from ground dry roasted peanuts.", "Peanut butter __knowledge__ It often contains additional ingredients that modify the taste or texture, such as salt, sweeteners or emulsifiers.", "Peanut butter __knowledge__ Peanut butter is popular in many countries.", "Peanut butter __knowledge__ The United States is a leading exporter of peanut butter and itself consumes $800 million of peanut butter annually.", "Peanut butter __knowledge__ Peanut butter is served as a spread on bread, toast or crackers, and used to make sandwiches (notably the peanut butter and jelly sandwich).", "Peanut butter __knowledge__ It is also used in a number of confections, such as peanut-flavoured granola bars or croissants and other pastries.", "Kingaroy Peanut Silos __knowledge__ Kingaroy Peanut Silos is a heritage-listed silos at 117-131 Haly Street, Kingaroy, South Burnett Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Kingaroy Peanut Silos __knowledge__ It was designed by Thomas Robinson & Son and Macdonald Wagner Consulting Engineers and built in 1938 by Kell & Rigby.", "Kingaroy Peanut Silos __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 8 October 2010.", "Kingaroy Peanut Silos __knowledge__ The Kingaroy Peanut Silos located in Haly Street, Kingaroy are a group of three concrete silos (Nos 2, 3 and 4) that were constructed between 1938 and 1951 by the Queensland Peanut Marketing Board for storage of peanuts before their processing and marketing.", "Kingaroy Peanut Silos __knowledge__ These large structures dominate the skyline of Kingaroy and the surrounding landscape.", "Peanut Corporation of America __knowledge__ Peanut Corporation of America (PCA) was a peanut-processing business with headquarters in Lynchburg, Virginia, plants in other southern states, and distribution across the United States, now defunct as a result of one of the most massive and lethal food-borne contamination events in U.S. history.", "Peanut Corporation of America __knowledge__ PCA was founded in 1977 and initially run by Hugh Parnell, father of Stewart Parnell, with him and two other sons.", "Peanut Corporation of America __knowledge__ The company was sold in 1994-1995 with the senior Parnell retiring, and with Stewart Parnell and others remaining with the new company as consultants.", "Peanut Corporation of America __knowledge__ In 2000, control of PCA returned to Stewart Parnell via a private sale.", "Reese's Peanut Butter Cups __knowledge__ Reese's Peanut Butter Cups are a popular American candy consisting of a milk, white, or dark chocolate cup filled with peanut butter, marketed by The Hershey Company.", "Reese's Peanut Butter Cups __knowledge__ They were created by H. B. Reese, a former dairy farmer and shipping foreman for Milton S. Hershey.", "Reese's Peanut Butter Cups __knowledge__ Reese was inspired by Hershey and left dairy farming to start his own candy business.", "Reese's Peanut Butter Cups __knowledge__ The Harry Burnett Reese Candy Co. was established in the basement of Reese's home in Hershey, Pennsylvania.", "Reese's Peanut Butter Cups __knowledge__ Reese had originally worked at a Hershey dairy farm, and from the start he used Hershey Chocolate in his confections.", "Reese's Peanut Butter Cups __knowledge__ Reese's Peanut Butter Cups were his most popular candy, and Reese eventually discontinued his other lines.", "George Washington Carver __knowledge__ George Washington Carver (1860s – January 5, 1943), was an American botanist and inventor.", "George Washington Carver __knowledge__ He became well-known to the public due to his active promotion of alternative crops to cotton and methods to prevent soil depletion.", "George Washington Carver __knowledge__ While a professor at Tuskegee Insitutute, Carver developed techniques to improve soils depleted by repeated plantings of cotton.", "George Washington Carver __knowledge__ He wanted poor farmers to grow alternative crops, such as peanuts and sweet potatoes, as a source of their own food and to improve their quality of life.", "George Washington Carver __knowledge__ The most popular of his 44 practical bulletins for farmers contained 105 food recipes using peanuts.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to something in the environment that usually causes little or no problem in most people.", "Allergy __knowledge__ These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Common allergens include pollen and certain food.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Metals and other substances may also cause problems.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.", "Omalizumab __knowledge__ Omalizumab, sold under the trade name Xolair, is a medication originally designed to reduce sensitivity to allergens.", "Omalizumab __knowledge__ It has been used to try to control severe allergic asthma, which does not respond to high doses of corticosteroids.", "Omalizumab __knowledge__ It has been approved for treating people 12 years and older with severe or moderate to severe allergic asthma in more than 90 countries, since its first of such approval in 2002 in Australia.", "Omalizumab __knowledge__ Omalizumab was approved in March 2014 in the European Union and the U.S.A. and in about 10 other countries for treating patients 12 years and above with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) (also referred to as chronic idiopathic urticaria or CIU), which cannot be treated with H1-antihistamines.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ A food allergy is an abnormal immune response to food.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The signs and symptoms may range from mild to severe.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ They may include itchiness, swelling of the tongue, vomiting, diarrhea, hives, trouble breathing, or low blood pressure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ This typically occurs within minutes to several hours of exposure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ When the symptoms are severe, it is known as anaphylaxis.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerance and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Common foods involved include cow's milk, peanuts, eggs, shellfish, fish, tree nuts, soy, wheat, rice, and fruit.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The common allergies vary depending on the country.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Risk factors include a family history of allergies, vitamin D deficiency, obesity, and high levels of cleanliness.", "Ara h1 __knowledge__ Ara h 1 is a seed storage protein from \"Arachis hypogaea\" (peanuts).", "Ara h1 __knowledge__ It is a heat stable 7S vicilin-like globulin with a stable trimeric form that comprises 12-16% of the total protein in peanut extracts.", "Ara h1 __knowledge__ Ara h 1 is known because sensitization to it was found in 95% of peanut-allergic patients from North America.", "Ara h1 __knowledge__ In spite of this high percentage, peanut-allergic patients of European populations have fewer sensitizations to Ara h 1.", "Ara h1 __knowledge__ Ara h 1 is a vicilin, located in the protein fraction of the peanut cotyledon.", "Ara h1 __knowledge__ Ara h 1 forms homotrimers, and due to its highly stable structure, mediated through hydrophobic interactions, it has been established as an allergen." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Peanut allergy is a type of food allergy to peanuts.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is different from nut allergies.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Physical symptoms of allergic reaction can include itchiness, urticaria, swelling, eczema, sneezing, asthma, abdominal pain, drop in blood pressure, diarrhea, and cardiac arrest.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Anaphylaxis may occur.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is due to a type I hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system in susceptible individuals.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ The allergy is recognized \"as one of the most severe food allergies due to its prevalence, persistency, and potential severity of allergic reaction.\"", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Prevention may be partly achieved through early introduction of peanuts to the diets of pregnant women and babies.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ The principal treatment for anaphylaxis is epinephrine as an injection.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ In the United States, peanut allergy is present in 0.6% of the population.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is a common cause of food-related fatal and near-fatal allergic reactions.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms of peanut allergy are related to the action of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) and other anaphylatoxins which act to release histamine and other mediator substances from mast cells (degranulation).", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ In addition to other effects, histamine induces vasodilation of arterioles and constriction of bronchioles in the lungs, also known as bronchospasm.", "Mississippi Valley Council __knowledge__ Mississippi Valley Council is headquartered in Quincy, Illinois, and is served by Black Hawk Lodge, Order of the Arrow.", "Mississippi Valley Council __knowledge__ This council serves Scouts in Illinois, Missouri and Iowa.", "Mississippi Valley Council __knowledge__ The Mississippi Valley Council is one of 22 local Scouting councils in Illinois.", "Mississippi Valley Council __knowledge__ Saukenauk Scout Reservation is located north of Quincy, Illinois and east of Lima, Illinois.", "Mississippi Valley Council __knowledge__ It is the property of the Mississippi Valley Council, though it is listed on the property deed as Saukee Area Council.", "Mississippi Valley Council __knowledge__ Saukenauk is that includes four sections.", "Mississippi Valley Council __knowledge__ There are examples of several types of ecological environments at Saukenauk, ranging from semi-arid to aquatic, wetlands and prairie remnants.", "That! Medical Quiz Show __knowledge__ That!", "That! Medical Quiz Show __knowledge__ Medical Quiz Show is a half-hour radio quiz show hosted by Dr. T. Glenn Pait and co-hosted by Lisa Cornwell that quizzes contestants on medically related issues and topics.", "That! Medical Quiz Show __knowledge__ It is produced in the US and broadcasts online and on various NPR affiliate stations.", "That! Medical Quiz Show __knowledge__ \"That!", "That! Medical Quiz Show __knowledge__ Medical Quiz Show\" is a studio produced radio show, featuring three contestants per show who are quizzed by host Dr. T. Glenn Pait and co-host Lisa Cornwell.", "That! Medical Quiz Show __knowledge__ Contestants are usually not experienced in the medical field.", "That! Medical Quiz Show __knowledge__ After introductions, the first featured round begins, which differs every broadcast.", "That! Medical Quiz Show __knowledge__ There are a total of four rounds and all contestants have the chance to answer one question per round worth one point each and then a bonus round worth two points follows.", "Tabriz University of Medical Sciences __knowledge__ Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (TBZMED) (Persian: دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز) is public medical sciences university located in Tabriz, East Azarbaijan Province, Iran.", "Tabriz University of Medical Sciences __knowledge__ It is ranked as one of Iran's top medical schools, with more than 5000 students.", "Tabriz University of Medical Sciences __knowledge__ The University consists of seven faculties: Medicine, Pharmacy, Dentistry, \"Paramedical\" Sciences, Health & Nutrition, Rehabilitation, and Nursing & Midwifery.", "Tabriz University of Medical Sciences __knowledge__ The school offers professional degrees in Medicine (M.D.", "Tabriz University of Medical Sciences __knowledge__ ), Dentistry (D.D.S.", "Tabriz University of Medical Sciences __knowledge__ ), Pharmacy (Pharm.D.", "Tabriz University of Medical Sciences __knowledge__ ); Bachelor's, Master's, and Doctor of Philosophy(Ph.D.) in various other medically related subjects.", "Medical simulation __knowledge__ Medical simulation, or more broadly, healthcare simulation, is a branch of simulation related to education and training in medical fields of various industries.", "Medical simulation __knowledge__ Simulations can be held in the classroom, in situ, or in spaces built specifically for simulation practice.", "Medical simulation __knowledge__ It can involve simulated human patients - artificial, human or a combination of the two, educational documents with detailed simulated animations, casualty assessment in homeland security and military situations, emergency response, and support virtual health functions with holographic simulation.", "Medical simulation __knowledge__ In the past, its main purpose was to train medical professionals to reduce error during surgery, prescription, crisis interventions, and general practice.", "Oral medicine __knowledge__ Oral medicine (sometimes termed dental medicine, oral and maxillofacial medicine or stomatology) is a specialty focused on the mouth and nearby structures.", "Oral medicine __knowledge__ It lies at the interface between medicine and dentistry.", "Oral medicine __knowledge__ The specialty is defined within Europe under Directive 2001/19/EC.", "Oral medicine __knowledge__ The importance of the mouth in medicine has been recognized since the earliest known medical writings.", "Oral medicine __knowledge__ For example, Hippocrates, Galen and others considered the tongue to be a \"barometer\" of health, and emphasized the diagnostic and prognostic importance of the tongue.", "Oral medicine __knowledge__ However, oral medicine as a specialization is a relatively new subject area.", "Medical history __knowledge__ The medical history or (medical) case history (also called epicrisis – typically discharge summary to referring GP, or anamnesis, especially historically) (often abbreviated hx or Hx) of a patient is information gained by a physician by asking specific questions, either of the patient or of other people who know the person and can give suitable information (in this case, it is sometimes called heteroanamnesis), with the aim of obtaining information useful in formulating a diagnosis and providing medical care to the patient.", "Medical history __knowledge__ The medically relevant complaints reported by the patient or others familiar with the patient are referred to as symptoms, in contrast with clinical signs, which are ascertained by direct examination on the part of medical personnel.", "Rochester Community and Technical College __knowledge__ Rochester Community and Technical College, (RCTC) is a public two-year college located in Rochester, Minnesota.", "Rochester Community and Technical College __knowledge__ It serves more than 8,000 students annually.", "Rochester Community and Technical College __knowledge__ The college was founded in 1915 on a motion by Dr. Charles Mayo to the Rochester School Board and is Minnesota's oldest original community college.", "Rochester Community and Technical College __knowledge__ RCTC offers more than 70 programs and over 130 credential options.", "Rochester Community and Technical College __knowledge__ The College has partnered with Winona State University to establish more than a dozen “Path to Purple” programs that allow students to complete a four-year degree without leaving Rochester.", "Rochester Community and Technical College __knowledge__ RCTC is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission and is a member of the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities System.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ A food allergy is an abnormal immune response to food.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The signs and symptoms may range from mild to severe.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ They may include itchiness, swelling of the tongue, vomiting, diarrhea, hives, trouble breathing, or low blood pressure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ This typically occurs within minutes to several hours of exposure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ When the symptoms are severe, it is known as anaphylaxis.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerance and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Common foods involved include cow's milk, peanuts, eggs, shellfish, fish, tree nuts, soy, wheat, rice, and fruit.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The common allergies vary depending on the country.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Risk factors include a family history of allergies, vitamin D deficiency, obesity, and high levels of cleanliness.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to something in the environment that usually causes little or no problem in most people.", "Allergy __knowledge__ These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Common allergens include pollen and certain food.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Metals and other substances may also cause problems.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.", "Hives __knowledge__ Hives, also known as urticaria, is a kind of skin rash with red, raised, itchy bumps.", "Hives __knowledge__ They may also burn or sting.", "Hives __knowledge__ Often the patches of rash move around.", "Hives __knowledge__ Typically they last a few days and do not leave any long-lasting skin changes.", "Hives __knowledge__ Fewer than 5% of cases last for more than six weeks.", "Hives __knowledge__ The condition frequently recurs.", "Hives __knowledge__ Hives frequently occur following an infection or as a result of an allergic reaction such as to medication, insect bites, or food.", "Hives __knowledge__ Psychological stress, cold temperature, or vibration may also be a trigger.", "Hives __knowledge__ In half of cases the cause remains unknown.", "Hives __knowledge__ Risk factors include having conditions such as hay fever or asthma.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ Dermatitis, also known as eczema, is a group of diseases that results in inflammation of the skin.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ These diseases are characterized by itchiness, red skin, and a rash.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ In cases of short duration there may be small blisters while in long-term cases the skin may become thickened.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ The area of skin involved can vary from small to the entire body.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ Dermatitis is a group of skin conditions that includes atopic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, irritant contact dermatitis, and stasis dermatitis.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ The exact cause of dermatitis is often unclear.", "Dermatitis __knowledge__ Cases may involve a combination of irritation, allergy, and poor venous return.", "Solar urticaria __knowledge__ Solar urticaria (SU) is a rare condition in which exposure to ultraviolet or UV radiation, or sometimes even visible light, induces a case of urticaria or hives that can appear in both covered and uncovered areas of the skin.", "Solar urticaria __knowledge__ It is classified as a type of physical urticaria.", "Solar urticaria __knowledge__ The classification of disease types is somewhat controversial.", "Solar urticaria __knowledge__ One classification system distinguished various types of SU based on the wavelength of the radiation that causes the breakout; another classification system is based on the type of allergen that initiates a breakout.", "Solar urticaria __knowledge__ The agent in the human body responsible for the reaction to radiation, known as the photoallergen, has not yet been identified.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Milk allergy is an adverse immune reaction to one or more of the protein constituents of cow's milk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms can be rapid or gradual in onset.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The former may include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with epinephrine.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The latter can take hours to days to appear.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Presentations may include atopic dermatitis, inflammation of the esophagus, enteropathy involving the small intestine and proctocolitis involving the rectum and colon.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Management is by avoiding eating any food that contains dairy.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Exposure to low levels of milk proteins is a health risk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ In people with IgE-mediated food allergy the individual threshold dose capable of provoking an allergic reaction can vary widely, but is in a low milligram range." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Peanut allergy is a type of food allergy to peanuts.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is different from nut allergies.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Physical symptoms of allergic reaction can include itchiness, urticaria, swelling, eczema, sneezing, asthma, abdominal pain, drop in blood pressure, diarrhea, and cardiac arrest.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Anaphylaxis may occur.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is due to a type I hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system in susceptible individuals.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ The allergy is recognized \"as one of the most severe food allergies due to its prevalence, persistency, and potential severity of allergic reaction.\"", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Prevention may be partly achieved through early introduction of peanuts to the diets of pregnant women and babies.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ The principal treatment for anaphylaxis is epinephrine as an injection.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ In the United States, peanut allergy is present in 0.6% of the population.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is a common cause of food-related fatal and near-fatal allergic reactions.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms of peanut allergy are related to the action of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) and other anaphylatoxins which act to release histamine and other mediator substances from mast cells (degranulation).", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ In addition to other effects, histamine induces vasodilation of arterioles and constriction of bronchioles in the lungs, also known as bronchospasm.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "OK Go __knowledge__ OK Go is an American rock band originally from Chicago, Illinois, now based in Los Angeles, California.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is composed of Damian Kulash (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (guitar, keyboards and vocals), who joined them in 2005, replacing Andy Duncan.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is known for its often quirky and elaborate one-take music videos.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The original members formed as OK Go in 1998 and released two studio albums before Duncan's departure.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band's video for \"Here It Goes Again\" won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video in 2007.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "The Cure __knowledge__ The Cure are an English rock band formed in Crawley, West Sussex in 1976.", "The Cure __knowledge__ The band has experienced several line-up changes, with vocalist, guitarist, and principal songwriter Robert Smith being the only constant member.", "The Cure __knowledge__ Their debut single \"Killing an Arab\" (1978) and debut album \"Three Imaginary Boys\" (1979) were important records in the development of the post-punk and new wave movements that developed in the wake of the punk rock scene in the United Kingdom.", "The Cure __knowledge__ During the early 1980s, the band's increasingly dark and tormented music (as well as Smith's unique stage look) was a staple of the emerging style of music known as gothic rock.", "Team Heather __knowledge__ Team Heather is a fundraising group in the Susan G. Komen for the Cure Global Race for the Cure in Washington, D.C., which has raised over $403,000, since June, 2001, for Susan G. Komen for the Cure and breast cancer research, education, screening, and treatment.", "Team Heather __knowledge__ Team Heather was formed in 2001 to support 25-year-old Heather Gardner (Starcher) (1976–2002), as she began her fight against breast cancer – a fight that ended on September 29, 2002.", "Team Heather __knowledge__ Heather Gardner (born December 4, 1976) was the youngest daughter of Robert and Rebecca Gardner of Akron, Ohio, and the sister of Shawn Gardner of Washington, D.C. and Renee Gardner Duddy of Jacksonville, Florida.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ I'm OK – You're OK is a 1969 self-help book by Thomas Anthony Harris.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ It is a practical guide to transactional analysis as a method for solving problems in life.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ The book made the \"New York Times\" Best Seller list in 1972 and remained there for almost two years.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ It is estimated by the publisher to have sold over 15 million copies to date and to have been translated into over a dozen languages.http://www.drthomasharris.com/im-ok-youre-ok-book-thomas-harris/ In the preface, Harris praises the then-new procedure of transactional analysis (TA, or as Harris often refers to it, P-A-C) as a major innovation addressing the slow process and limited results that he and other psychiatric practitioners believed was characteristic of conventional psychiatry.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to something in the environment that usually causes little or no problem in most people.", "Allergy __knowledge__ These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Common allergens include pollen and certain food.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Metals and other substances may also cause problems.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.", "Immune system __knowledge__ The immune system is a host defense system comprising many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "Immune system __knowledge__ To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue.", "Immune system __knowledge__ In many species, the immune system can be classified into subsystems, such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity.", "Immune system __knowledge__ In humans, the blood–brain barrier, blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier, and similar fluid–brain barriers separate the peripheral immune system from the neuroimmune system, which protects the brain.", "T helper cell __knowledge__ The T helper cells (T cells) are a type of T cell that play an important role in the immune system, particularly in the adaptive immune system.", "T helper cell __knowledge__ They help the activity of other immune cells by releasing T cell cytokines.", "T helper cell __knowledge__ These cells help suppress or regulate immune responses.", "T helper cell __knowledge__ They are essential in B cell antibody class switching, in the activation and growth of cytotoxic T cells, and in maximizing bactericidal activity of phagocytes such as macrophages.", "T helper cell __knowledge__ Mature T cells express the surface protein CD4 and are referred to as CD4 T cells.", "T helper cell __knowledge__ Such CD4 T cells are generally treated as having a pre-defined role as helper T cells within the immune system.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ A food allergy is an abnormal immune response to food.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The signs and symptoms may range from mild to severe.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ They may include itchiness, swelling of the tongue, vomiting, diarrhea, hives, trouble breathing, or low blood pressure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ This typically occurs within minutes to several hours of exposure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ When the symptoms are severe, it is known as anaphylaxis.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerance and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Common foods involved include cow's milk, peanuts, eggs, shellfish, fish, tree nuts, soy, wheat, rice, and fruit.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The common allergies vary depending on the country.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Risk factors include a family history of allergies, vitamin D deficiency, obesity, and high levels of cleanliness.", "Immune tolerance __knowledge__ Immune tolerance, or immunological tolerance, or immunotolerance, is a state of unresponsiveness of the immune system to substances or tissue that have the capacity to elicit an immune response in given organism.", "Immune tolerance __knowledge__ It contrasts with conventional immune-mediated elimination of foreign antigens (see Immune response).", "Immune tolerance __knowledge__ Tolerance is classified into central tolerance or peripheral tolerance depending on where the state is originally induced—in the thymus and bone marrow (central) or in other tissues and lymph nodes (peripheral).", "Immune tolerance __knowledge__ The mechanisms by which these forms of tolerance are established are distinct, but the resulting effect is similar.", "Immune privilege __knowledge__ Certain sites of the human body have immune privilege, meaning they are able to tolerate the introduction of antigens without eliciting an inflammatory immune response.", "Immune privilege __knowledge__ Tissue grafts are normally recognised as foreign antigen by the body and attacked by the immune system.", "Immune privilege __knowledge__ However, in immune privileged sites, tissue grafts can survive for extended periods of time without rejection occurring.", "Immune privilege __knowledge__ Immunologically privileged sites were thought to include: Immune privilege is also believed to occur to some extent or able to be induced in articular cartilage.", "Immune privilege __knowledge__ Immune privilege is thought to be an evolutionary adaptation to protect vital structures from the potentially damaging effects of an inflammatory immune response.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food intolerance is a detrimental reaction, often delayed, to a food, beverage, food additive, or compound found in foods that produces symptoms in one or more body organs and systems, but generally refers to reactions other than food allergy.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food hypersensitivity is used to refer broadly to both food intolerances and food allergies.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food allergies are immune reactions, typically an IgE reaction caused by the release of histamine but also encompassing non-IgE immune responses.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ This mechanism causes allergies to typically give immediate reaction (a few minutes to a few hours) to foods.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food intolerances can be classified according to their mechanism." ] ]

[ 0, 3, 5, 51 ]

[ "I'm allergic to peanut", "Its a complete imbroglio! Physical symptoms of allergic reaction can include itchiness, urticaria, swelling, eczema, sneezing, etc", "This is due to due to a type I hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system in susceptible individuals.", "The body The immune system is a host defense system comprising many biological structures and processes within an organism." ]

[ "Peanut allergy", "Peanut allergy", "Peanut allergy", "Peanut allergy" ]

[ "Labrador Retriever\nI love dogs, and hope to get a labrador retriever as a service animal one day.", "Yes I have two blue heelers currently andIlove them.", "Hey that's pretty cool, and it has dogs in it?", "And in what channel was it aired? Do you know?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A favourite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog, or to perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Additionally, they are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A few kennels breeding their ancestors, the St. John's water dog, were in England.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ At the same time, a combination of the sheep protection policy in Newfoundland and rabies quarantine in the United Kingdom, led to the gradual demise of the St. John's water dog in Canada.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ In the 1830s, the 10th Earl of Home and his nephews the 5th Duke of Buccleuch and Lord John Scott, had imported progenitors of the breed from Newfoundland to Europe for use as gundogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Another early advocate of these Newfoundland dogs, or Labrador Retrievers as they later became known, was the 2nd Earl of Malmesbury who bred them for their expertise in waterfowling.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ During the 1880s, the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, the 6th Duke of Buccleuch and the 12th Earl of Home collaborated to develop and establish the modern Labrador breed.", "Service dog __knowledge__ A service dog is a type of assistance dog specifically trained to help people who have disabilities, such as visual impairment, hearing impairments, mental illnesses (such as post traumatic stress disorder), seizure disorder, mobility impairment, and diabetes.", "Service dog __knowledge__ Desirable character traits in service animals typically include good temperament or psychological make-up (including biddability and trainability) and good health (including physical structure and stamina).", "Service dog __knowledge__ Some service dogs are bred and trained by service dog organizations, while others are bred by breeders, and trained by private trainers or even the individuals with disabilities who will someday become their partners.", "Guide dog __knowledge__ Guide dogs, (also known as service animals, assistance animals or colloquially as seeing eye dogs), are assistance dogs trained to lead blind and visually impaired people around obstacles.", "Guide dog __knowledge__ Although dogs can be trained to navigate various obstacles, many are (red–green) color blind and are not capable of interpreting street signs.", "Guide dog __knowledge__ The human does the directing, based on skills acquired through previous mobility training.", "Guide dog __knowledge__ The handler might be likened to an aircraft's navigator, who must know \"how\" to get from one place to another, and the dog is the pilot, who gets them there safely.", "Guide dog __knowledge__ In several countries, guide dogs, along with most service and hearing dogs, are exempt from regulations against the presence of animals in places such as restaurants and public transportation.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ The genetic basis of coat colour in the Labrador Retriever (a highly popular breed of dog) has been studied in detail, and found to depend on several distinct genes.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ The interplay between these genes is broadly used as an example of epistasis.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ Labrador Retrievers are a popular breed of dog in many countries.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ There are three recognised colours, black, chocolate, and yellow, that result from the interplay among genes that direct production and expression of two pigments, eumelanin and pheomelanin, in the fur and skin of the dog.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ The recognized colours are due to two genes, while a third gene affects the range of colouration observed within the yellow Labrador.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is a large-sized breed of dog bred as gun dogs to retrieve shot waterfowl such as ducks and upland game birds during hunting and shooting parties, and were named 'retriever' because of their ability to retrieve shot game undamaged.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers have an instinctive love of water, and are easy to train to basic or advanced obedience standards.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They are a long-coated breed, with a dense inner coat that provides them with adequate warmth in the outdoors, and an outer coat that lies flat against their bodies and repels water.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers are well suited to residency in suburban or country environments.", "Labradoodle __knowledge__ A labradoodle (), also known as a labrapoodle () is a crossbreed dog created by crossing the Labrador Retriever and the Standard, Miniature or Toy Poodle.", "Labradoodle __knowledge__ The term first appeared in 1955, but was not popularized until 1988, when the mix began to be used as a hypoallergenic guide dog.", "Labradoodle __knowledge__ Currently, they are not considered a breed by any major fancier and breeder organization.", "Labradoodle __knowledge__ Not all labradoodles are hypoallergenic, but it is a quality that many look for and appreciate in this type of crossbreed.", "Labradoodle __knowledge__ The labradoodle became known in 1988, when Australian breeder Wally Conron crossed the Labrador Retriever and Standard Poodle at the Royal Guide Dogs Associations of Australia in Victoria.", "Animal Miracles __knowledge__ Animal Miracles (2001-2003), also broadcast as Miracle Pets, is a one-hour, live action program on the ION network, offering a perspective into the realm of human and animal interaction.", "Animal Miracles __knowledge__ Hosted by Alan Thicke, the series features animals protecting humans or other pets, one such being a llama guarding a herd of alpacas.", "Animal Miracles __knowledge__ It is also shown on Animal Planet.", "Animal Miracles __knowledge__ Each episode contains three or four segments, some extended beyond a commercial.", "Animal Miracles __knowledge__ Although the show had released more than forty episodes from 2001 to 2003, only thirteen episodes from the first season are available on Hulu and Amazon Video.", "Animal Miracles __knowledge__ The available episodes are listed here: 1." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A favourite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog, or to perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Additionally, they are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A few kennels breeding their ancestors, the St. John's water dog, were in England.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ At the same time, a combination of the sheep protection policy in Newfoundland and rabies quarantine in the United Kingdom, led to the gradual demise of the St. John's water dog in Canada.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ In the 1830s, the 10th Earl of Home and his nephews the 5th Duke of Buccleuch and Lord John Scott, had imported progenitors of the breed from Newfoundland to Europe for use as gundogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Another early advocate of these Newfoundland dogs, or Labrador Retrievers as they later became known, was the 2nd Earl of Malmesbury who bred them for their expertise in waterfowling.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ During the 1880s, the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, the 6th Duke of Buccleuch and the 12th Earl of Home collaborated to develop and establish the modern Labrador breed.", "Blue Heelers __knowledge__ Blue Heelers is an Australian police drama series that was produced by Southern Star Group and ran for 12 years on the Seven Network, from 1994 to 2006.", "Blue Heelers __knowledge__ Although based around the policing of the town, the series generally depicted the everyday lives and relationships of the residents of Mount Thomas, a fictional small town in Victoria.", "Blue Heelers __knowledge__ The series was one of the highest-rated and most-awarded programs in the history of Australian television.", "Blue Heelers __knowledge__ It is noted for its two main stars Lisa McCune, a four-time recipient of the Gold Logie, and John Wood, who also won Gold.", "Blue Heelers __knowledge__ \"Blue Heelers\" was first aired on 10 September 1993, with the episode \"A Woman's Place\".", "List of recurring Blue Heelers characters __knowledge__ This is a list of all recurring/semi-regular cast members over the Australian television programme \"Blue Heelers\" 13 season run between 1994–2006.", "List of recurring Blue Heelers characters __knowledge__ Chief Superintendent Clive Adamson was a fictional character in the long-running Australian police drama \"Blue Heelers\".", "List of recurring Blue Heelers characters __knowledge__ He originally appeared in the show between 1995 and 1996 as the regional Chief Superintendent based in the fictional city of Evanleigh and was usually only seen in Mount Thomas in the aftermath of some major drama.", "List of recurring Blue Heelers characters __knowledge__ As a chief superintendent, he outranked the Heelers and also the district inspector and thus was not the favourite person of Ted Faulkner.", "Blue Heelers (season 13) __knowledge__ The thirteenth and final season of the Australian police drama \"Blue Heelers\" premiered on the Seven Network on 1 April 2006 and aired on Saturday nights at 8:30 pm.", "Blue Heelers (season 13) __knowledge__ The 11-episode season concluded 4 June 2006, due to its cancellation by the Seven Network as a result of its sharp decline in ratings.", "Blue Heelers (season 13) __knowledge__ When, in late 2005, the time came to renew \"Blue Heelers\", Seven commissioned eleven further episodes to be produced, but its future after this was still undecided.", "Blue Heelers (season 13) __knowledge__ In January 2006, Seven officially announced that they had cancelled Blue Heelers, but would air a final shortened season of only 11 episodes in mid-2006—the 11 episodes which had been filmed in late 2005, before \"Blue Heelers\" had been cancelled.", "Lisa McCune __knowledge__ Lisa McCune (born 19 February 1971) is a four-time Gold Logie Award-winning Australian actress, known for her role as Senior Constable Maggie Doyle in \"Blue Heelers\", and as Lt. Kate McGregor in \"Sea Patrol\".", "Lisa McCune __knowledge__ Born in Sydney, McCune grew up in Perth.", "Lisa McCune __knowledge__ She first performed on stage at the age of 15 playing Dorothy in \"The Wizard of Oz\" at the Limelight Theatre in Wanneroo, Western Australia.", "Lisa McCune __knowledge__ After graduating from Greenwood Senior High School, she was accepted into both the classical singing and musical theatre courses at the Western Australian Academy of Performing Arts (WAAPA).", "Lisa McCune __knowledge__ She graduated with a BA in Music Theatre in 1990.", "List of Blue Heelers episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes from the Australian police-drama, \"Blue Heelers\", which premiered on 10 September 1993 and concluded on 4 June 2006, due to its cancellation by the Seven Network.", "List of Blue Heelers episodes __knowledge__ \"Blue Heelers\", which was created by Hal McElroy and Tony Morphett and produced by Southern Star, ran for thirteen season and a total of 510 episodes of the hit programme were produced.", "List of Blue Heelers episodes __knowledge__ \"Blue Heelers\" won a total of 25 Logie Awards, five of which were the prestigious Gold Logie, 3 AFI Awards, 3 People's Choice Awards, and 1 AWGIE Awards.", "List of Blue Heelers episodes __knowledge__ Cops with Hearts: was a 1996 Blue Heelers VHS Release at contained a Behind the scenes bonus Feature It featured interviews with cast members, John Wood, Martin Sacks, Lisa McCune.", "Jane Allsop __knowledge__ Jane Claire Allsop (born 3 July 1975 in Oxford, England) is an Australian actress, best known for her role as Jo Parrish on \"Blue Heelers\".", "Jane Allsop __knowledge__ Allsop was born in the United Kingdom, and only a few months after her birth moved to the United States with her father, John Allsop and mother, Helen Allsop.", "Jane Allsop __knowledge__ Her father was a surgeon which is why they moved around a lot when Allsop was a young child.", "Jane Allsop __knowledge__ At two and a half, her family settled in Mont Albert in Melbourne, Australia.", "Jane Allsop __knowledge__ She attended Strathcona Primary School and Melbourne Girls Grammar.", "Jane Allsop __knowledge__ She is the eldest sister of Melbourne Comedian Tommy Allsop (Stage name: Tommy Dassalo) and Peter Warsaw.", "John Wood (Australian actor) __knowledge__ John Wood (born 14 July 1946 in Melbourne) was a Gold Logie Award-winning Australian actor and writer, best known for his roles as Stipendiary Magistrate Michael Rafferty in the legal drama \"Rafferty's Rules\" and as Senior Sergeant Tom Croydon in the long running police drama \"Blue Heelers\", both for the Seven Network.", "John Wood (Australian actor) __knowledge__ Wood began his acting career in 1967, where he had a guest role in \"Bellbird\", an Australian television series.", "John Wood (Australian actor) __knowledge__ He then appeared in several Australian drama series and mini-series in minor roles.", "John Wood (Australian actor) __knowledge__ He played the co-lead role of Stokey in the ABC drama series \"The Truckies\" in 1978, writing an episode.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ The genetic basis of coat colour in the Labrador Retriever (a highly popular breed of dog) has been studied in detail, and found to depend on several distinct genes.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ The interplay between these genes is broadly used as an example of epistasis.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ Labrador Retrievers are a popular breed of dog in many countries.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ There are three recognised colours, black, chocolate, and yellow, that result from the interplay among genes that direct production and expression of two pigments, eumelanin and pheomelanin, in the fur and skin of the dog.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ The recognized colours are due to two genes, while a third gene affects the range of colouration observed within the yellow Labrador.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is a large-sized breed of dog bred as gun dogs to retrieve shot waterfowl such as ducks and upland game birds during hunting and shooting parties, and were named 'retriever' because of their ability to retrieve shot game undamaged.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers have an instinctive love of water, and are easy to train to basic or advanced obedience standards.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They are a long-coated breed, with a dense inner coat that provides them with adequate warmth in the outdoors, and an outer coat that lies flat against their bodies and repels water.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers are well suited to residency in suburban or country environments.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The poodle is a group of formal dog breeds, the Standard Poodle, Miniature Poodle and Toy Poodle.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The origins of the poodles are still discussed with a dispute over whether the poodle descends from the old French Barbet breed or from Germany as a type of water dog.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Ranked second most intelligent dog breed just behind the Border Collie, the poodle is skillful in many dog sports and activities, including agility, obedience, tracking to herding, circus performers or assistance dogs.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Poodles have taken top honors in many conformation shows, including \"Best in Show\" at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show in 1991 and 2002, and at the World Dog Show in 2007 and 2010.", "Beagle __knowledge__ The Beagle is a breed of small hound that is similar in appearance to the much larger foxhound.", "Beagle __knowledge__ The beagle is a scent hound, developed primarily for hunting hare.", "Beagle __knowledge__ With a great sense of smell and superior tracking instinct, the beagle is employed as detection dog for prohibited agricultural imports and foodstuffs in quarantine around the world.", "Beagle __knowledge__ The beagle is intelligent but single-minded.", "Beagle __knowledge__ It is a popular pet due to its size, good temper, and lack of inherited health problems.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Although beagle-type dogs have existed for 2,500 years, the modern breed was developed in Great Britain around the 1830s from several breeds, including the Talbot Hound, the North Country Beagle, the Southern Hound, and possibly the Harrier.", "Labradoodle __knowledge__ A labradoodle (), also known as a labrapoodle () is a crossbreed dog created by crossing the Labrador Retriever and the Standard, Miniature or Toy Poodle.", "Labradoodle __knowledge__ The term first appeared in 1955, but was not popularized until 1988, when the mix began to be used as a hypoallergenic guide dog.", "Labradoodle __knowledge__ Currently, they are not considered a breed by any major fancier and breeder organization.", "Labradoodle __knowledge__ Not all labradoodles are hypoallergenic, but it is a quality that many look for and appreciate in this type of crossbreed.", "Labradoodle __knowledge__ The labradoodle became known in 1988, when Australian breeder Wally Conron crossed the Labrador Retriever and Standard Poodle at the Royal Guide Dogs Associations of Australia in Victoria." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A favourite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog, or to perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Additionally, they are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A few kennels breeding their ancestors, the St. John's water dog, were in England.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ At the same time, a combination of the sheep protection policy in Newfoundland and rabies quarantine in the United Kingdom, led to the gradual demise of the St. John's water dog in Canada.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ In the 1830s, the 10th Earl of Home and his nephews the 5th Duke of Buccleuch and Lord John Scott, had imported progenitors of the breed from Newfoundland to Europe for use as gundogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Another early advocate of these Newfoundland dogs, or Labrador Retrievers as they later became known, was the 2nd Earl of Malmesbury who bred them for their expertise in waterfowling.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ During the 1880s, the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, the 6th Duke of Buccleuch and the 12th Earl of Home collaborated to develop and establish the modern Labrador breed.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Dear... is The Grace's second Japanese album released on January 9, 2009.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The title track \"\"Sukoshi de Ikara\" (少しでいいから) (A Little Bit of Good)\" was used as the movie \"Subaru\" soundtrack song.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Tenjochiki's second studio album includes 2 singles released from July 2008 in Japan including the B-side of their 7th single \"Here\": \"Near: Thoughtful 1220\" and the album consists of a total of 9 tracks.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The album peaked #14 on Oricon daily album charts and #37 on the Oricon weekly album charts, charted for 3 weeks and sold 4,734 copies, making their most successful Japanese album so far.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Known as “The Grace” in Korea and “Tenjo Chiki” in Japan, the pop group consists of So.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The manga series \"Rurouni Kenshin\" features a large cast of fictional characters created by Nobuhiro Watsuki.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ Set in Japan during the Meiji period, several of the characters are real historical figures who interact with the fictional characters.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The story follows a pacifist wanderer named Himura Kenshin, who was previously an assassin known as \"\"Hitokiri Battōsai\"\" working for the Isshin Shishi during the Bakumatsu period.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ After helping Kamiya Kaoru, the instructor of a kendo school in Tokyo, in defeating a criminal he is invited by her to stay at her dojo.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ During his stay in Tokyo, Kenshin befriends new people including Myōjin Yahiko, a young child descendant from a samurai family who starts training under Kaoru, Sagara Sanosuke, a former Sekihō who enjoys fighting, and Takani Megumi, a doctor involved with the illegal drug trade.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Rolfe Kanefsky (born 1969) is an American film writer/director who specializes in horror films.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Kanefsky grew up in the suburbs of New York and attended Hampshire College where he studied Film.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ He began writing stories at a young age after his childhood dream of becoming a clown took the backseat to his interest in film.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ By the time he was twenty-one, Rolfe had written and directed the original cult classic horror spoof \"There's Nothing Out There\".", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Rolfe eventually moved to California and has since been making his living writing and directing.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Kanefsky has directed 15 of his own films and been the writer on several others.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring \"Saturday Night Live\" characters and sketches introduced between September 25, 2010, and May 21, 2011, the thirty-sixth season of \"SNL\".", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Vanessa Bayer plays teen Disney Channel star Miley Cyrus as the exuberant host of her own talk show.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ (Theme song: \"I've got guests, and a show, and I'm ready to go!", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ So I guess that's pretty cool!", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ It's pretty cool!\")", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Bryan Cranston played her father and house band leader Billy Ray Cyrus in the sketch's debut; he was replaced by Jason Sudeikis in later installments.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Bayer performed her impression of Cyrus during her auditions for SNL.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune Records was an American family operated, independent record label located in Detroit, Michigan from 1946 to 1995.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ The label owners were Jack and Devora Brown, their son Sheldon Brown recorded for the label.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Original releases tapered off after 1972 aside from a few albums in the mid-1980s.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune specialized in R&B, blues, soul and doo-wop music, although the label also released pop, big band, hillbilly, gospel, rock and roll, and polka records.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune released some doo-wop tunes by Nolan Strong & The Diablos, such as \"The Wind\" (Fortune 511, 1954), \"The Way You Dog Me Around\" (Fortune 518, 1955), and \"Mind Over Matter\" (Fortune 546, 1962).", "Alice Cooper __knowledge__ Alice Cooper (born Vincent Damon Furnier; February 4, 1948) is an American singer, songwriter, and actor whose career spans over five decades.", "Alice Cooper __knowledge__ With his distinctive raspy voice and a stage show that features guillotines, electric chairs, fake blood, deadly snakes, baby dolls, and dueling swords, Cooper is considered by music journalists and peers alike to be \"The Godfather of Shock Rock\".", "Alice Cooper __knowledge__ He has drawn equally from horror films, vaudeville, and garage rock to pioneer a macabre and theatrical brand of rock designed to shock people.", "Alice Cooper __knowledge__ Originating in Phoenix, Arizona, in the late 1960s after he moved from Detroit, Michigan, \"Alice Cooper\" was originally a band consisting of Furnier on vocals and harmonica, lead guitarist Glen Buxton, Michael Bruce on rhythm guitar, Dennis Dunaway on bass guitar, and drummer Neal Smith.", "2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 __knowledge__ The 2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held on May 9, 2015, ending shortly after midnight on May 10, 2015 at Kansas Speedway in Kansas City, Kansas.", "2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 __knowledge__ Contested over 267 laps on the 1.5 mile (4.28 km) asphalt speedway, it was the 11th race of the 2015 NASCAR Sprint Cup season.", "2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 __knowledge__ Jimmie Johnson won the race, his third of the season.", "2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 __knowledge__ Kevin Harvick finished second.", "2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 __knowledge__ Dale Earnhardt, Jr. finished third.", "2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 __knowledge__ Jeff Gordon and Joey Logano rounded out the top five.", "2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 __knowledge__ Joey Logano won the pole for the race.", "2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 __knowledge__ He led 29 laps on his way to a fifth-place finish.", "2015 SpongeBob SquarePants 400 __knowledge__ Martin Truex, Jr. led 95 laps in the first of four straight races in which he led the most laps on his way to a ninth-place finish.", "List of recurring Blue Heelers characters __knowledge__ This is a list of all recurring/semi-regular cast members over the Australian television programme \"Blue Heelers\" 13 season run between 1994–2006.", "List of recurring Blue Heelers characters __knowledge__ Chief Superintendent Clive Adamson was a fictional character in the long-running Australian police drama \"Blue Heelers\".", "List of recurring Blue Heelers characters __knowledge__ He originally appeared in the show between 1995 and 1996 as the regional Chief Superintendent based in the fictional city of Evanleigh and was usually only seen in Mount Thomas in the aftermath of some major drama.", "List of recurring Blue Heelers characters __knowledge__ As a chief superintendent, he outranked the Heelers and also the district inspector and thus was not the favourite person of Ted Faulkner.", "Blue Heelers __knowledge__ Blue Heelers is an Australian police drama series that was produced by Southern Star Group and ran for 12 years on the Seven Network, from 1994 to 2006.", "Blue Heelers __knowledge__ Although based around the policing of the town, the series generally depicted the everyday lives and relationships of the residents of Mount Thomas, a fictional small town in Victoria.", "Blue Heelers __knowledge__ The series was one of the highest-rated and most-awarded programs in the history of Australian television.", "Blue Heelers __knowledge__ It is noted for its two main stars Lisa McCune, a four-time recipient of the Gold Logie, and John Wood, who also won Gold.", "Blue Heelers __knowledge__ \"Blue Heelers\" was first aired on 10 September 1993, with the episode \"A Woman's Place\".", "Blue Heelers (season 13) __knowledge__ The thirteenth and final season of the Australian police drama \"Blue Heelers\" premiered on the Seven Network on 1 April 2006 and aired on Saturday nights at 8:30 pm.", "Blue Heelers (season 13) __knowledge__ The 11-episode season concluded 4 June 2006, due to its cancellation by the Seven Network as a result of its sharp decline in ratings.", "Blue Heelers (season 13) __knowledge__ When, in late 2005, the time came to renew \"Blue Heelers\", Seven commissioned eleven further episodes to be produced, but its future after this was still undecided.", "Blue Heelers (season 13) __knowledge__ In January 2006, Seven officially announced that they had cancelled Blue Heelers, but would air a final shortened season of only 11 episodes in mid-2006—the 11 episodes which had been filmed in late 2005, before \"Blue Heelers\" had been cancelled.", "Television in Australia __knowledge__ Television in Australia began experimentally as early as 1929 in Melbourne with radio stations 3DB and 3UZ, and 2UE in Sydney, using the \"Radiovision\" system by Gilbert Miles and Donald McDonald, and later from other locations, such as Brisbane in 1934.", "Television in Australia __knowledge__ Mainstream television was launched on 16 September 1956 in Sydney with Nine Network station TCN-9-Sydney.", "Television in Australia __knowledge__ The new medium was introduced by Bruce Gyngell with the words 'Good evening, and welcome to television', and has since seen the transition to colour and digital television.", "Television in Australia __knowledge__ Local programs, over the years, have included a broad range of comedy, sport, and in particular drama series, in addition to news and current affairs.", "List of Blue Heelers episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes from the Australian police-drama, \"Blue Heelers\", which premiered on 10 September 1993 and concluded on 4 June 2006, due to its cancellation by the Seven Network.", "List of Blue Heelers episodes __knowledge__ \"Blue Heelers\", which was created by Hal McElroy and Tony Morphett and produced by Southern Star, ran for thirteen season and a total of 510 episodes of the hit programme were produced.", "List of Blue Heelers episodes __knowledge__ \"Blue Heelers\" won a total of 25 Logie Awards, five of which were the prestigious Gold Logie, 3 AFI Awards, 3 People's Choice Awards, and 1 AWGIE Awards.", "List of Blue Heelers episodes __knowledge__ Cops with Hearts: was a 1996 Blue Heelers VHS Release at contained a Behind the scenes bonus Feature It featured interviews with cast members, John Wood, Martin Sacks, Lisa McCune.", "Lisa McCune __knowledge__ Lisa McCune (born 19 February 1971) is a four-time Gold Logie Award-winning Australian actress, known for her role as Senior Constable Maggie Doyle in \"Blue Heelers\", and as Lt. Kate McGregor in \"Sea Patrol\".", "Lisa McCune __knowledge__ Born in Sydney, McCune grew up in Perth.", "Lisa McCune __knowledge__ She first performed on stage at the age of 15 playing Dorothy in \"The Wizard of Oz\" at the Limelight Theatre in Wanneroo, Western Australia.", "Lisa McCune __knowledge__ After graduating from Greenwood Senior High School, she was accepted into both the classical singing and musical theatre courses at the Western Australian Academy of Performing Arts (WAAPA).", "Lisa McCune __knowledge__ She graduated with a BA in Music Theatre in 1990.", "John Wood (Australian actor) __knowledge__ John Wood (born 14 July 1946 in Melbourne) was a Gold Logie Award-winning Australian actor and writer, best known for his roles as Stipendiary Magistrate Michael Rafferty in the legal drama \"Rafferty's Rules\" and as Senior Sergeant Tom Croydon in the long running police drama \"Blue Heelers\", both for the Seven Network.", "John Wood (Australian actor) __knowledge__ Wood began his acting career in 1967, where he had a guest role in \"Bellbird\", an Australian television series.", "John Wood (Australian actor) __knowledge__ He then appeared in several Australian drama series and mini-series in minor roles.", "John Wood (Australian actor) __knowledge__ He played the co-lead role of Stokey in the ABC drama series \"The Truckies\" in 1978, writing an episode." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A favourite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog, or to perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Additionally, they are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A few kennels breeding their ancestors, the St. John's water dog, were in England.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ At the same time, a combination of the sheep protection policy in Newfoundland and rabies quarantine in the United Kingdom, led to the gradual demise of the St. John's water dog in Canada.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ In the 1830s, the 10th Earl of Home and his nephews the 5th Duke of Buccleuch and Lord John Scott, had imported progenitors of the breed from Newfoundland to Europe for use as gundogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Another early advocate of these Newfoundland dogs, or Labrador Retrievers as they later became known, was the 2nd Earl of Malmesbury who bred them for their expertise in waterfowling.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ During the 1880s, the 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, the 6th Duke of Buccleuch and the 12th Earl of Home collaborated to develop and establish the modern Labrador breed.", "MTV __knowledge__ MTV (originally an initialism of Music Television) is an American cable and satellite television channel owned by Viacom Media Networks (a division of Viacom) and headquartered in New York City.", "MTV __knowledge__ Launched on August 1, 1981, the channel originally aired music videos as guided by television personalities known as \"video jockeys\" (VJs).", "MTV __knowledge__ At first, MTV's main target demographic was young adults, but today it is primarily teenagers, particularly high school and college students.", "MTV __knowledge__ MTV has toned down its music video programming significantly in recent years, and its programming now consists mainly of original reality, comedy and drama programming and some off-network syndicated programs and films, with limited music video programming in off-peak time periods.", "Channel 5 (UK) programming __knowledge__ Channel 5 airs a wide variety of programming that covers various genres and themes.", "Channel 5 (UK) programming __knowledge__ Launched in 1997, the channel has always been seen to have less distinctive programming than their other terrestrial rivals at the BBC, ITV and Channel 4.", "Channel 5 (UK) programming __knowledge__ The channel is notable for imported programming and is also notable for securing the rights to \"Home and Away\" in 2001, which helped boost early evening viewing figures for the channel, and since 2002, the broadcaster has pursued an aggressive acquisition strategy, and has screened several of the highest-rating American dramas, including all four \"CSI\" series, all three \"NCIS\" series, the first three \"Law & Order\" series, (with the first two—\"Law & Order\" and \"\"—later moving to 5USA), \"The Mentalist\", \"Grey's Anatomy\" (later moved to Sky Living), \"House\" (later moved to Sky 1) and \"Prison Break\" (later moved to Sky 1).", "MTV2 __knowledge__ MTV2 (formerly M2) is an American digital cable and satellite television channel owned by Viacom Global Entertainment Group, a unit of the Viacom Media Networks division of Viacom.", "MTV2 __knowledge__ The channel was initially broadcast over-the-air in selected markets, where the former all-request music channel known as The Box was broadcast (which was acquired by MTV Networks in 2001 for the sole purpose of conversion to MTV2).", "MTV2 __knowledge__ The channel launched initially as a constant, commercial-free music videos, once the original MTV had started to change its direction to reality television and serial documentaries.", "MTV2 __knowledge__ During the 2000s, the focus changed as well on MTV2; music video programming has been moved gradually away from MTV and MTV2 to sibling networks.", "HBO __knowledge__ Home Box Office (HBO) is an American premium cable and satellite television network that is owned by Time Warner through its respective flagship company Home Box Office, Inc.", "HBO __knowledge__ Programming featured on the network consists primarily of theatrically released motion pictures and original television series, along with made-for-cable movies and documentaries, boxing matches, and occasional stand-up comedy and concert specials.", "HBO __knowledge__ HBO is the oldest and longest continuously operating pay television service (basic or premium) in the United States, having been in operation since November 8, 1972.", "HBO __knowledge__ In 2016, HBO had an adjusted operating income of US$1.93 billion, compared to the US$1.88 billion it accrued in 2015.", "History of Disney Channel __knowledge__ The following is the history of Disney Channel, a network owned by the Disney–ABC Television Group.", "History of Disney Channel __knowledge__ In 1977, Walt Disney Productions executive Jim Jimirro brought forth the idea of a cable television network that would feature television and film material from the studio.", "History of Disney Channel __knowledge__ Since the company was focusing on the development of the Epcot Center at Walt Disney World, Disney chairman Card Walker turned down the proposal.", "History of Disney Channel __knowledge__ Instead, they made a deal with HBO to air a select number of Disney films, cartoons, and specials, including a live production of \"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs\" at Radio City Music Hall.", "TBS (U.S. TV channel) __knowledge__ TBS is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by the Turner Broadcasting System division of Time Warner, which shares its name with the channel.", "TBS (U.S. TV channel) __knowledge__ TBS carries a variety of programming, with a focus on comedy, along with some sports events, including Major League Baseball and portions of the NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship.", "TBS (U.S. TV channel) __knowledge__ In its current form, TBS was originally established on December 17, 1976 as a national feed of Turner's local, independent broadcast television station in Atlanta, WTCG.", "TBS (U.S. TV channel) __knowledge__ The decision to begin offering WTCG via satellite transmission expanded the small independent station into a national cable channel; with the renaming of the broadcast station in 1979, the feed became known as Superstation WTBS, and later Superstation TBS, TBS Superstation, or simply TBS.", "KTUL __knowledge__ KTUL, virtual channel 8 (VHF digital channel 10), is an ABC-affiliated television station licensed to Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States.", "KTUL __knowledge__ The station is owned by the Sinclair Broadcast Group.", "KTUL __knowledge__ KTUL maintains studio facilities located at Lookout Mountain (near South 29th West Avenue, west of Interstate 244) in southwestern Tulsa; its transmitter is located between South 321st Avenue East, adjacent to the Muskogee Turnpike, in unincorporated southeastern Tulsa County (near Coweta).", "KTUL __knowledge__ On cable, the station is available on Cox Communications channel 8 in standard definition and digital channel 1008 in high definition.", "Tom Otterness __knowledge__ Tom Otterness (born 1952) is an American sculptor best known as one of America’s most prolific public artists.", "Tom Otterness __knowledge__ Otterness's works adorn parks, plazas, subway stations, libraries, courthouses and museums in New York City—most notably in Rockefeller Park in Battery Park City and \"Life Underground\" in the 14th Street – Eighth Avenue New York City Subway station—and other cities around the world.", "Tom Otterness __knowledge__ He contributed a balloon (a giant upside-down Humpty Dumpty) to the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade.", "Tom Otterness __knowledge__ In 1994 he was elected as a member of the National Academy Museum.", "Tom Otterness __knowledge__ His style is often described as cartoonish and cheerful, but also political.", "Blue Heelers __knowledge__ Blue Heelers is an Australian police drama series that was produced by Southern Star Group and ran for 12 years on the Seven Network, from 1994 to 2006.", "Blue Heelers __knowledge__ Although based around the policing of the town, the series generally depicted the everyday lives and relationships of the residents of Mount Thomas, a fictional small town in Victoria.", "Blue Heelers __knowledge__ The series was one of the highest-rated and most-awarded programs in the history of Australian television.", "Blue Heelers __knowledge__ It is noted for its two main stars Lisa McCune, a four-time recipient of the Gold Logie, and John Wood, who also won Gold.", "Blue Heelers __knowledge__ \"Blue Heelers\" was first aired on 10 September 1993, with the episode \"A Woman's Place\".", "Robert Lauder of the Bass __knowledge__ Sir Robert Lauder of the Bass (before 1440 - c. January 1508) was a Scottish knight, armiger, and Governor of the Castle at Berwick-upon-Tweed.", "Robert Lauder of the Bass __knowledge__ He was also a member of the old Scottish Parliament.", "Robert Lauder of the Bass __knowledge__ The Lauders held the feudal barony of The Bass (the caput of which was its castle), East Lothian, Edrington Castle and lands in the parish of Mordington, Berwickshire, Tyninghame in Haddingtonshire (from the Archbishopric of St Andrews), and numerous other estates and properties elsewhere in Scotland.", "Robert Lauder of the Bass __knowledge__ Lauder was the eldest son and heir of Robert Lauder of the Bass (d.1495) by his first spouse Jonet, daughter of Sir Alexander Home, Knt.", "Soap opera __knowledge__ A soap opera or soap, is a serial drama on television or radio that examines the lives of many characters, usually focusing on emotional relationships to the point of melodrama.", "Soap opera __knowledge__ The term \"soap opera\" originated from such dramas in the past being typically sponsored by soap manufacturers.", "Soap opera __knowledge__ The first serial considered to be a \"soap opera\" was \"Painted Dreams\", which debuted on October 20, 1930 on Chicago radio station WGN.", "Soap opera __knowledge__ Early radio series such as \"Painted Dreams\" were broadcast in weekday daytime slots, usually five days a week, when most of the listeners would be housewives; thus, the shows were aimed at and consumed by a predominantly female audience.", "Culture of Australia __knowledge__ The culture of Australia is a Western culture, derived primarily from Britain but also influenced by the unique geography of Australia, the diverse input of Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander and other Australian people.", "Culture of Australia __knowledge__ The British colonization of Australia began in 1788, and waves of multi-ethnic migration followed.", "Culture of Australia __knowledge__ Evidence of a significant Anglo-Celtic heritage includes the predominance of the English language, the existence of a democratic system of government drawing upon the British traditions of Westminster Government, Parliamentarianism and constitutional monarchy, American constitutionalist and federalist traditions, Christianity as the dominant religion, and the popularity of sports originating in (or influenced by) the British Isles.", "CBS __knowledge__ CBS (an initialism of the network's former name, the Columbia Broadcasting System) is an American English language commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation.", "CBS __knowledge__ The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major production facilities and operations in New York City (at the CBS Broadcast Center) and Los Angeles (at CBS Television City and the CBS Studio Center).", "CBS __knowledge__ CBS is sometimes referred to as the \"Eye Network\", in reference to the company's iconic logo, in use since 1951.", "CBS __knowledge__ It has also been called the \"Tiffany Network\", alluding to the perceived high quality of CBS programming during the tenure of William S. Paley.", "David Campese __knowledge__ David Ian Campese, AM (born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and held the world record for the most tries in test matches (64) until Daisuke Ohata scored his 65th try playing for Japan on 14 May 2006.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese made his debut for the Wallabies on the 1982 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, during which he scored a try in his first two Tests.", "David Campese __knowledge__ In 1983, he equaled the then record for most tries in a Test match for Australia against the USA, scoring four tries.", "David Campese __knowledge__ He was a member of the Eighth Wallabies for the 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland that won rugby union's \"grand slam\", the first Australian side to defeat all four home nations, England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland, on a tour." ] ]

[ 2, 10, 57, 3 ]

[ "Labrador Retriever, is a popular breed of dog in the US,UK and Canada,Do you have a dog?", "It would interest you to know that Blue Heelers is an Australian police drama series that was produced by Southern Star Group", "Its not much of a dog film ,the series was one of the highest-rated and most-awarded programs in the history of Australian. ", "Back to our dog discussion, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism." ]

[ "Labrador Retriever", "Labrador Retriever", "Labrador Retriever", "Labrador Retriever" ]

[ "Regret", "what did you do to end up in that situation?", "how did you choose who to fire or you knew who you wanted to get rid of beforehand ?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is a negative conscious and emotional reaction to one's personal decision-making, a choice resulting in action or inaction.", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is related to perceived opportunity.", "Regret __knowledge__ Its intensity varies over time after the decision, in regard to action versus action, and in regard to self-control at a particular age.", "Regret __knowledge__ The self-recrimination which comes with regret is thought to spur corrective action and adaptation.", "Regret __knowledge__ In Western societies adults have the highest regrets regarding choices of their education.", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret has been defined by psychologists in the late 1990´s as a \"negative emotion predicated on an upward, self-focused, counterfactual inference\".", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret lingers where opportunity existed, with self-blame being a core element to ultimately spur corrective action in decision-making.", "Regret __knowledge__ Another definition is \"an aversive emotional state elicited by a discrepancy in the outcome values of chosen vs. unchosen actions\".", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is distinct from disappointment; Both are negative emotional experiences relating to a loss outcome, and both have similar neuronal correlates.", "Regret __knowledge__ However, they differ in regard to feedback about the outcome, comparing the difference between outcomes for the chosen vs. unchosen action; In regret, full feedback occurs and with disappointment partial feedback." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is a negative conscious and emotional reaction to one's personal decision-making, a choice resulting in action or inaction.", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is related to perceived opportunity.", "Regret __knowledge__ Its intensity varies over time after the decision, in regard to action versus action, and in regard to self-control at a particular age.", "Regret __knowledge__ The self-recrimination which comes with regret is thought to spur corrective action and adaptation.", "Regret __knowledge__ In Western societies adults have the highest regrets regarding choices of their education.", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret has been defined by psychologists in the late 1990´s as a \"negative emotion predicated on an upward, self-focused, counterfactual inference\".", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret lingers where opportunity existed, with self-blame being a core element to ultimately spur corrective action in decision-making.", "Regret __knowledge__ Another definition is \"an aversive emotional state elicited by a discrepancy in the outcome values of chosen vs. unchosen actions\".", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is distinct from disappointment; Both are negative emotional experiences relating to a loss outcome, and both have similar neuronal correlates.", "Regret __knowledge__ However, they differ in regard to feedback about the outcome, comparing the difference between outcomes for the chosen vs. unchosen action; In regret, full feedback occurs and with disappointment partial feedback.", "Situation awareness __knowledge__ Situational awareness or situation awareness (SA) is the perception of environmental elements and events with respect to time or space, the comprehension of their meaning, and the projection of their status after some variable has changed, such as time, or some other variable, such as a predetermined event.", "Situation awareness __knowledge__ It is also a field of study concerned with understanding of the environment critical to decision-makers in complex, dynamic areas from aviation, air traffic control, ship navigation, power plant operations, military command and control, and emergency services such as fire fighting and policing; to more ordinary but nevertheless complex tasks such as driving an automobile or riding a bicycle.", "Situation calculus __knowledge__ The situation calculus is a logic formalism designed for representing and reasoning about dynamical domains.", "Situation calculus __knowledge__ It was first introduced by John McCarthy in 1963.", "Situation calculus __knowledge__ The main version of the situational calculus that is presented in this article is based on that introduced by Ray Reiter in 1991.", "Situation calculus __knowledge__ It is followed by sections about McCarthy's 1986 version and a logic programming formulation.", "Situation calculus __knowledge__ The situation calculus represents changing scenarios as a set of first-order logic formulae.", "Situation calculus __knowledge__ The basic elements of the calculus are: A domain is formalized by a number of formulae, namely: A simple robot world will be modeled as a running example.", "Genre studies __knowledge__ Genre studies is an academic subject which studies genre theory as a branch of general critical theory in several different fields, including the literary or artistic, linguistic, or rhetorical.", "Genre studies __knowledge__ Literary genre studies is a structuralist approach to the study of genre and genre theory in literary theory, film theory, and other cultural theories.", "Genre studies __knowledge__ The study of a genre in this way examines the structural elements that combine in the telling of a story and finds patterns in collections of stories.", "Genre studies __knowledge__ When these elements (or semiotic codes) begin to carry inherent information, a genre emerges.", "Genre studies __knowledge__ Linguistic genre studies is best described by two schools of literary genre, the Systemic Functional Linguistics or \"SFL\", scholars of this school believe that language structure is an integral part of a text's social context and function.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ German Radio Intelligence Operation during World War II were signals intelligence operations that were undertaken by German Axis forces in Europe during World War II.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ In keeping with German signals practice since 1942, the term \"communication intelligence\" () had been used when intercept units were assigned to observe both enemy \"radio and wire\" communication.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ When the observation of only enemy \"radio\" communication was undertaken, the term \"radio intelligence\" ().", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ The term \"intercept service\" () was also used up until 1942.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ Towards the end of World War II, about 12,000 troopers of the German Army were engaged in intercepting the radio traffic of an increasingly powerful adversary.", "Munich Security Conference __knowledge__ The Munich Security Conference (MSC; ) is an annual conference on international security policy that has taken place since 1963.", "Munich Security Conference __knowledge__ Former names are \"Wehrkundetagung\" and \"Münchner Konferenz für Sicherheitspolitik\".", "Munich Security Conference __knowledge__ It is the world's largest gathering of its kind.", "Munich Security Conference __knowledge__ Over the past four decades the Munich Security Conference has become the most important independent forum for the exchange of views by international security policy decision-makers.", "Munich Security Conference __knowledge__ Each year it brings together about 350 senior figures from more than 70 countries around the world to engage in an intensive debate on current and future security challenges.", "Emergency management in American universities __knowledge__ In Emergency Management, higher learning institutions must frequently adapt broad, varied policies to deal with the unique scope of disasters that can occur in on-campus settings.", "Emergency management in American universities __knowledge__ Hurricanes, earthquakes, tornadoes, and wildfires are among some of the most common natural disasters that possess the capacity for large losses of life and property, with the potential to effectively destroy a university community.", "Emergency management in American universities __knowledge__ Man-made crises also can pose a serious threat to life and property, as was evident in the case of the 2007 Virginia Tech shooting.", "Emergency management in American universities __knowledge__ In order to preemptively reduce or prevent the severity of emergency situations, universities must coordinate and implement policies to effectively eliminate unnecessary risks' and decrease potential losses.", "2016–18 Kashmir unrest __knowledge__ The 2016–17 unrest in Kashmir, also known as the Burhan aftermath, refers to a series of violent protests in the Kashmir Valley of the Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir.", "2016–18 Kashmir unrest __knowledge__ It started with the killing of Burhan Wani, a commander of the Kashmir-based Islamic militant organisation Hizbul Mujahideen, by Indian security forces on 8 July 2016.", "2016–18 Kashmir unrest __knowledge__ After his killing, anti-Indian protests started in all 10 districts of the Kashmir Valley.", "2016–18 Kashmir unrest __knowledge__ Protesters defied curfew with attacks on security forces and public properties.", "2016–18 Kashmir unrest __knowledge__ Curfew was imposed in all 10 districts of the valley on 15 July and mobile services were suspended by the government.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Guessing __knowledge__ A guess (or an act of guessing) is a swift conclusion drawn from data directly at hand, and held as probable or tentative, while the person making the guess (the guesser) admittedly lacks material for a greater degree of certainty.", "Guessing __knowledge__ A guess is also an unstable answer, as it is \"always putative, fallible, open to further revision and interpretation, and validated against the horizon of possible meanings by showing that one interpretation is more probable than another in light of what we already know\".", "Guessing __knowledge__ In many of its uses, \"the meaning of guessing is assumed as implicitly understood\", and the term is therefore often used without being meticulously defined." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is a negative conscious and emotional reaction to one's personal decision-making, a choice resulting in action or inaction.", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is related to perceived opportunity.", "Regret __knowledge__ Its intensity varies over time after the decision, in regard to action versus action, and in regard to self-control at a particular age.", "Regret __knowledge__ The self-recrimination which comes with regret is thought to spur corrective action and adaptation.", "Regret __knowledge__ In Western societies adults have the highest regrets regarding choices of their education.", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret has been defined by psychologists in the late 1990´s as a \"negative emotion predicated on an upward, self-focused, counterfactual inference\".", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret lingers where opportunity existed, with self-blame being a core element to ultimately spur corrective action in decision-making.", "Regret __knowledge__ Another definition is \"an aversive emotional state elicited by a discrepancy in the outcome values of chosen vs. unchosen actions\".", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is distinct from disappointment; Both are negative emotional experiences relating to a loss outcome, and both have similar neuronal correlates.", "Regret __knowledge__ However, they differ in regard to feedback about the outcome, comparing the difference between outcomes for the chosen vs. unchosen action; In regret, full feedback occurs and with disappointment partial feedback.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the 1994 television series \"Spider-Man.\"", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ Peter Benjamin Parker (Christopher Daniel Barnes) is the main protagonist of the series.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ A one-time high school \"science geek\", Peter was the subject of much ridicule, especially at the hands of Flash Thompson.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ After his parents died in a plane crash, Peter lived with his Uncle Ben and Aunt May, who doted and worried endlessly about the reclusive boy suddenly placed in their midst.", "List of Spider-Man (1994 TV series) characters __knowledge__ During a class field trip to see a demonstration of Neogenic radiation, carried on by Professor Farley Stillwell, a spider crawled into Stillwell's machine and became irradiated, biting Peter in the hand and granting him the proportionate abilities of a spider, including superhuman strength, durability, stamina, speed, agility, senses and a \"Spider-Sense\" that warned him of imminent danger.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ I Love Money is a reality television game show that aired on VH1.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The show was created by \"The Surreal Life\" executive producers Cris Abrego and Mark Cronin.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The contestants on this series are from the first two seasons of \"Flavor of Love, I Love New York\" and \"Rock of Love\", and are competing in physical and mental challenges in an attempt to win $250,000.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ Production started in early February 2008, and concluded in March 2008.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The show premiered on July 6, 2008 and the casting special aired on July 1.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The show is hosted by Craig J. Jackson.", "I Love Money (season 1) __knowledge__ The winner of the competition was Nicole Alexander, also known as Hoopz.", "Charity Standish __knowledge__ Charity Standish is a fictional character on NBC/DirecTV soap opera \"Passions\".", "Charity Standish __knowledge__ She was portrayed by Molly Stanton from July 14, 1999—July 22, 2004, on contract and then by Kristina Sisco from November 15, 2006—February 8, 2007 on recurring status.", "Charity Standish __knowledge__ During 2006–2007, a woman named Carla impersonated Charity.", "Charity Standish __knowledge__ Out of costume, Carla was portrayed by Tess Alexandra Parker, while Sisco actually portrayed the costumed Carla in most of her appearances as \"Charity\".", "Charity Standish __knowledge__ Born to Faith Standish and an unknown man, Charity has the power to channel the forces of goodness.", "Charity Standish __knowledge__ She was not aware of these powers for the first fifteen years of her life, leading a very sheltered life.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ A list of notable characters from the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\" that significantly impacted storylines and debuted between January 2000 and December 2009.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Alex Perez first appeared on November 29, 2000, later becoming the fiancée of Malcolm Winters and lover of his brother, Neil.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ The role, portrayed by Alexia Robinson, was created to fill the void left by Victoria Rowell.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Prior to her debut, the character was only known as \"Erin\".", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ In 2002, it was announced that Robinson was to exit \"The Young and the Restless\" after the expiration of her contract, and departed onscreen on May 9, 2002.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5 ]

[ "At work I just overstepped my position, I'm really going to Regret it when I go back to work. I'm guessing there will be negative conscious.", "Fired someone with out telling my boss. Two coworkers got in a a fight I perceived opportunity the be the best time to get rid of one. ", "I don't like either but the first person to throw a fist was fired. In Western societies adults have the highest regrets and I'm feeling it now." ]

[ "Regret", "Regret", "Regret" ]

[ "Horse training", "I like to bet on the horses during the Kentucky derby.", "Yes I have attended it once before." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horse training refers to a variety of practices that teach horses to perform certain behaviors when asked to do so by humans.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horses are trained to be manageable by humans for everyday care as well as for equestrian activities from horse racing to therapeutic horseback riding for people with disabilities.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Historically, horses were trained for warfare, farm work, sport and transport.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Today, most horse training is geared toward making horses useful for a variety of recreational and sporting equestrian pursuits.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horses are also trained for specialized jobs from movie stunt work to police and crowd control activities, circus entertainment, and equine-assisted psychotherapy.", "Horse training __knowledge__ There is tremendous controversy over various methods of horse training and even some of the words used to describe these methods.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Some techniques are considered cruel, other methods are considered gentler and more humane.", "Horse training __knowledge__ However, it is beyond the scope of this article to go into the details of various training methodology, so general, basic principles are described below.", "Horse training __knowledge__ The \"see also\" section of this article provides links to more specific information about various schools and techniques of horse training.", "Horse training __knowledge__ The range of training techniques and training goals is large, but basic animal training concepts apply to all forms of horse training." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horse training refers to a variety of practices that teach horses to perform certain behaviors when asked to do so by humans.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horses are trained to be manageable by humans for everyday care as well as for equestrian activities from horse racing to therapeutic horseback riding for people with disabilities.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Historically, horses were trained for warfare, farm work, sport and transport.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Today, most horse training is geared toward making horses useful for a variety of recreational and sporting equestrian pursuits.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horses are also trained for specialized jobs from movie stunt work to police and crowd control activities, circus entertainment, and equine-assisted psychotherapy.", "Horse training __knowledge__ There is tremendous controversy over various methods of horse training and even some of the words used to describe these methods.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Some techniques are considered cruel, other methods are considered gentler and more humane.", "Horse training __knowledge__ However, it is beyond the scope of this article to go into the details of various training methodology, so general, basic principles are described below.", "Horse training __knowledge__ The \"see also\" section of this article provides links to more specific information about various schools and techniques of horse training.", "Horse training __knowledge__ The range of training techniques and training goals is large, but basic animal training concepts apply to all forms of horse training.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ California Chrome (foaled February 18, 2011) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ He was named the 2014 and 2016 American Horse of the Year.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ He won the 2014 Kentucky Derby, the Preakness Stakes, and the 2016 Dubai World Cup.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ In 2016, he surpassed Curlin as the all-time leading North American horse in earnings won.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ Bred in California, the chestnut-colored horse was named for his flashy white markings, called \"chrome\" by horse aficionados.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ He was bred and originally owned by Perry Martin from Yuba City, California, and Steve Coburn of Topaz Lake, Nevada, who named their partnership DAP Racing, standing for \"Dumb Ass Partners\"—a tongue-in-cheek response to a passerby who questioned their wisdom in purchasing California Chrome's dam, Love the Chase.", "Road to the Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ The Road to the Kentucky Derby is a points system by which horses qualify for a position in the starting gate for the Kentucky Derby.", "Road to the Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ It features dozens of stakes races for 2 and 3-year-old Thoroughbreds – the number and specific races have changed slightly over the years.", "Road to the Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ The point system replaced a previous qualifying system that looked at earnings from all graded stakes races worldwide.", "Road to the Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ There are 20 positions available in the starting gate for the Kentucky Derby.", "Road to the Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ Starting in 2017, one of those spots is reserved for the winner of the separate Japan Road to the Kentucky Derby.", "Road to the Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ If the winner of the Japan Road declines the offer, their position is offered to the next ranked Japanese horse.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse racing is an equestrian performance sport, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys or driven over a set distance for competition.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ It is one of the most ancient of all sports and its basic premise – to identify which of two or more horses is the fastest over a set course or distance – has remained unchanged since the earliest times.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse races vary widely in format.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Often, countries have developed their own particular horse racing traditions.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Variations include restricting races to particular breeds, running over obstacles, running over different distances, running on different track surfaces and running in different gaits.", "Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing (United States) __knowledge__ In the United States, the Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing, commonly known as the Triple Crown, is a title awarded to a three-year-old Thoroughbred horse who wins the Kentucky Derby, Preakness Stakes, and Belmont Stakes.", "Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing (United States) __knowledge__ The three races were inaugurated in different years, the last being the Kentucky Derby in 1875.", "Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing (United States) __knowledge__ These races are now run annually in May and early June of each year.", "Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing (United States) __knowledge__ The Triple Crown Trophy, commissioned in 1950 but awarded to all previous winners as well as those after 1950, is awarded to a Triple Crown winner.", "Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing (United States) __knowledge__ The first winner of all three Triple Crown races was Sir Barton in 1919.", "Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ The Kentucky Derby presented by Woodford Reserve is a horse race that is held annually in Louisville, Kentucky, United States, on the first Saturday in May, capping the two-week-long Kentucky Derby Festival.", "Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ The race is a Grade I stakes race for three-year-old Thoroughbreds at a distance of one and a quarter miles (2 km) at Churchill Downs.", "Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ Colts and geldings carry and fillies .", "Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ The race is known in the United States as \"The Most Exciting Two Minutes In Sports\" or \"The Fastest Two Minutes in Sports\" for its approximate duration, and is also called \"The Run for the Roses\" for the blanket of roses draped over the winner.", "Ahmed Zayat __knowledge__ Ahmed Zayat (born August 31, 1962) is an Egyptian American entrepreneur and owner of Thoroughbred race horses.", "Ahmed Zayat __knowledge__ He currently serves as the CEO of Zayat Stables, LLC, a Thoroughbred horse racing business which bred and owns the 2015 Triple Crown winner American Pharoah.", "Ahmed Zayat __knowledge__ Joe Drape of \"The New York Times\" described Zayat as \"controversial\" and \"one of the most successful and flamboyant owners in thoroughbred racing.\"", "Ahmed Zayat __knowledge__ Zayat was born in Cairo, Egypt to a wealthy family, and grew up in an ethnically-diverse neighborhood where he learned to ride horses.", "Ahmed Zayat __knowledge__ At age 18, he moved to the United States where he attended college and ultimately obtained a master's degree in business and public health from Boston University.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ Secretariat (March 30, 1970 – October 4, 1989) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse who, in 1973, became the first Triple Crown winner in 25 years.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ His record-breaking win in the Belmont Stakes, where he left the field 31 lengths behind him, is widely regarded as one of the greatest races of all time.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ During his racing career, he won five Eclipse Awards, including Horse of the Year honors at ages two and three.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ He was elected to the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame in 1974.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ In the List of the Top 100 U.S. Racehorses of the 20th Century, Secretariat is second only to Man o' War (racing career 1919–1920), who also was a large chestnut colt given the nickname \"Big Red\".", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Horses in the Middle Ages differed in size, build and breed from the modern horse, and were, on average, smaller.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ They were also more central to society than their modern counterparts, being essential for war, agriculture, and transport.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Consequently, specific types of horse developed, many of which have no modern equivalent.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ While an understanding of modern horse breeds and equestrianism is vital for any analysis of the medieval horse, researchers also need to consider documentary (both written and pictorial) and archaeological evidence.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Horses in the Middle Ages were rarely differentiated by breed, but rather by use.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse (\"Equus ferus caballus\") is one of two extant subspecies of \"Equus ferus\".", "Horse __knowledge__ It is an odd-toed ungulate mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, \"Eohippus\", into the large, single-toed animal of today.", "Horse __knowledge__ Humans began to domesticate horses around 4000 BC, and their domestication is believed to have been widespread by 3000 BC.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses in the subspecies \"caballus\" are domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses.", "Horse __knowledge__ These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski's horse, a separate subspecies, and the only remaining true wild horse.", "History of the horse in Britain __knowledge__ The known history of the horse in Britain starts with horse remains found in Pakefield, Suffolk, dating from 700,000 BC, and in Boxgrove, West Sussex, dating from 500,000 BC.", "History of the horse in Britain __knowledge__ Early humans were active hunters of horses, and finds from the Ice Age have been recovered from many sites.", "History of the horse in Britain __knowledge__ At that time, land which now forms the British Isles was part of a peninsula attached to continental Europe by a low-lying area now known as \"Doggerland\", and land animals could migrate freely between what is now island Britain and continental Europe.", "History of the horse in Britain __knowledge__ The domestication of horses, and their use to pull vehicles, had begun in Britain by 2500 BC; by the time of the Roman conquest of Britain, British tribes could assemble armies which included thousands of chariots.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ The first use of horses in warfare occurred over 5,000 years ago.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of horses ridden in warfare dates from Eurasia between 4000 and 3000 BC.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ A Sumerian illustration of warfare from 2500 BC depicts some type of equine pulling wagons.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ By 1600 BC, improved harness and chariot designs made chariot warfare common throughout the Ancient Near East, and the earliest written training manual for war horses was a guide for training chariot horses written about 1350 BC.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ As formal cavalry tactics replaced the chariot, so did new training methods, and by 360 BC, the Greek cavalry officer Xenophon had written an extensive treatise on horsemanship.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ The Arabian or Arab horse ( , DMG \"ḥiṣān ʿarabī\") is a breed of horse that originated on the Arabian Peninsula.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ With a distinctive head shape and high tail carriage, the Arabian is one of the most easily recognizable horse breeds in the world.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ It is also one of the oldest breeds, with archaeological evidence of horses in the Middle East that resemble modern Arabians dating back 4,500 years.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ Throughout history, Arabian horses have spread around the world by both war and trade, used to improve other breeds by adding speed, refinement, endurance, and strong bone.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ Today, Arabian bloodlines are found in almost every modern breed of riding horse.", "War Horse (film) __knowledge__ War Horse is a 2011 American war drama film directed and co-produced by Steven Spielberg from a screenplay written by Lee Hall and Richard Curtis, based on English author Michael Morpurgo's 1982 novel of the same name and its 2007 play adaptation.", "War Horse (film) __knowledge__ The film's ensemble cast includes Jeremy Irvine (in his film acting debut), Emily Watson, David Thewlis, Tom Hiddleston, Benedict Cumberbatch, Eddie Marsan, Niels Arestrup, Toby Kebbell, David Kross, and Peter Mullan.", "War Horse (film) __knowledge__ Set before and during World War I, it tells of the journey of Joey, a bay Thoroughbred horse raised by British teenager Albert (Irvine), as he is bought by the British Army, leading him to encounter numerous individuals and owners throughout Europe, all the while experiencing the tragedies of the war happening around him.", "Horses in World War I __knowledge__ The use of horses in World War I marked a transitional period in the evolution of armed conflict.", "Horses in World War I __knowledge__ Cavalry units were initially considered essential offensive elements of a military force, but over the course of the war, the vulnerability of horses to modern machine gun and artillery fire reduced their utility on the battlefield.", "Horses in World War I __knowledge__ This paralleled the development of tanks, which would ultimately replace cavalry in shock tactics.", "Horses in World War I __knowledge__ While the perceived value of the horse in war changed dramatically, horses still played a significant role throughout the war.", "Horses in World War I __knowledge__ All of the major combatants in World War I (1914–1918) began the conflict with cavalry forces." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horse training refers to a variety of practices that teach horses to perform certain behaviors when asked to do so by humans.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horses are trained to be manageable by humans for everyday care as well as for equestrian activities from horse racing to therapeutic horseback riding for people with disabilities.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Historically, horses were trained for warfare, farm work, sport and transport.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Today, most horse training is geared toward making horses useful for a variety of recreational and sporting equestrian pursuits.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Horses are also trained for specialized jobs from movie stunt work to police and crowd control activities, circus entertainment, and equine-assisted psychotherapy.", "Horse training __knowledge__ There is tremendous controversy over various methods of horse training and even some of the words used to describe these methods.", "Horse training __knowledge__ Some techniques are considered cruel, other methods are considered gentler and more humane.", "Horse training __knowledge__ However, it is beyond the scope of this article to go into the details of various training methodology, so general, basic principles are described below.", "Horse training __knowledge__ The \"see also\" section of this article provides links to more specific information about various schools and techniques of horse training.", "Horse training __knowledge__ The range of training techniques and training goals is large, but basic animal training concepts apply to all forms of horse training.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Richard Christopher \"Rick\" Wakeman (born 18 May 1949) is an English keyboardist, songwriter, television and radio presenter, and author.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the progressive rock band Yes across five tenures between 1971 and 2004 and for his solo albums released in the 1970s.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is a current member of Yes Featuring Jon Anderson, Trevor Rabin and Rick Wakeman.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Born and raised in West London, Wakeman intended to be a concert pianist but quit his studies at the Royal College of Music in 1969 to become a full-time session musician.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ His early sessions included playing on \"Space Oddity\", among others, for David Bowie and songs by Junior's Eyes, T. Rex, Elton John, and Cat Stevens.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The culmination of multiple years of debate and planning after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown constitutional accords, the referendum was launched solely by the provincial Parti Québécois government of Jacques Parizeau.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ Despite initial predictions of a heavy sovereignist defeat, an eventful and complex campaign followed, with the \"Yes\" side flourishing after being taken over by charismatic Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ California Chrome (foaled February 18, 2011) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ He was named the 2014 and 2016 American Horse of the Year.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ He won the 2014 Kentucky Derby, the Preakness Stakes, and the 2016 Dubai World Cup.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ In 2016, he surpassed Curlin as the all-time leading North American horse in earnings won.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ Bred in California, the chestnut-colored horse was named for his flashy white markings, called \"chrome\" by horse aficionados.", "California Chrome __knowledge__ He was bred and originally owned by Perry Martin from Yuba City, California, and Steve Coburn of Topaz Lake, Nevada, who named their partnership DAP Racing, standing for \"Dumb Ass Partners\"—a tongue-in-cheek response to a passerby who questioned their wisdom in purchasing California Chrome's dam, Love the Chase.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse racing is an equestrian performance sport, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys or driven over a set distance for competition.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ It is one of the most ancient of all sports and its basic premise – to identify which of two or more horses is the fastest over a set course or distance – has remained unchanged since the earliest times.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse races vary widely in format.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Often, countries have developed their own particular horse racing traditions.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Variations include restricting races to particular breeds, running over obstacles, running over different distances, running on different track surfaces and running in different gaits.", "Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ The Kentucky Derby presented by Woodford Reserve is a horse race that is held annually in Louisville, Kentucky, United States, on the first Saturday in May, capping the two-week-long Kentucky Derby Festival.", "Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ The race is a Grade I stakes race for three-year-old Thoroughbreds at a distance of one and a quarter miles (2 km) at Churchill Downs.", "Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ Colts and geldings carry and fillies .", "Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ The race is known in the United States as \"The Most Exciting Two Minutes In Sports\" or \"The Fastest Two Minutes in Sports\" for its approximate duration, and is also called \"The Run for the Roses\" for the blanket of roses draped over the winner.", "Thoroughbred __knowledge__ The Thoroughbred is a horse breed best known for its use in horse racing.", "Thoroughbred __knowledge__ Although the word \"thoroughbred\" is sometimes used to refer to any breed of purebred horse, it technically refers only to the Thoroughbred breed.", "Thoroughbred __knowledge__ Thoroughbreds are considered \"hot-blooded\" horses that are known for their agility, speed, and spirit.", "Thoroughbred __knowledge__ The Thoroughbred as it is known today was developed in 17th- and 18th-century England, when native mares were crossbred with imported Oriental stallions of Arabian, Barb, and Turkoman breeding.", "Thoroughbred __knowledge__ All modern Thoroughbreds can trace their pedigrees to three stallions originally imported into England in the 17th century and 18th century and to a larger number of foundation mares of mostly English breeding.", "Road to the Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ The Road to the Kentucky Derby is a points system by which horses qualify for a position in the starting gate for the Kentucky Derby.", "Road to the Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ It features dozens of stakes races for 2 and 3-year-old Thoroughbreds – the number and specific races have changed slightly over the years.", "Road to the Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ The point system replaced a previous qualifying system that looked at earnings from all graded stakes races worldwide.", "Road to the Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ There are 20 positions available in the starting gate for the Kentucky Derby.", "Road to the Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ Starting in 2017, one of those spots is reserved for the winner of the separate Japan Road to the Kentucky Derby.", "Road to the Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ If the winner of the Japan Road declines the offer, their position is offered to the next ranked Japanese horse.", "2017 Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ The 2017 Kentucky Derby (in full, the Kentucky Derby Presented by Yum!", "2017 Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ Brands, due to sponsorship) was the 143rd running of the Kentucky Derby, and took place on Saturday, May 6, 2017.", "2017 Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ The Kentucky Derby is a horse race held each year in Louisville, Kentucky, on the first Saturday in May, at the end of the two-week-long Kentucky Derby Festival.", "2017 Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ It is a Grade I stakes race for three-year-old Thoroughbreds at a distance of , and has been run at Churchill Downs racetrack since its inception in 1875.", "2017 Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ The race was broadcast by NBC with a scheduled post time of 6:34 PM ET.", "2017 Kentucky Derby __knowledge__ The race went off at 6:52 PM ET before a crowd of 158,070 and a television TAD of 16.5 million viewers.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ Secretariat (March 30, 1970 – October 4, 1989) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse who, in 1973, became the first Triple Crown winner in 25 years.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ His record-breaking win in the Belmont Stakes, where he left the field 31 lengths behind him, is widely regarded as one of the greatest races of all time.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ During his racing career, he won five Eclipse Awards, including Horse of the Year honors at ages two and three.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ He was elected to the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame in 1974.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ In the List of the Top 100 U.S. Racehorses of the 20th Century, Secretariat is second only to Man o' War (racing career 1919–1920), who also was a large chestnut colt given the nickname \"Big Red\"." ] ]

[ 3, 33, 56 ]

[ "Horses were originally trained for warfare, transportation, sports and farm work. I love to work with horses, they are so beautiful.", "The kentucky derby is a horse race that is held in kentucky once a year in may that focus on three year old thoroughbreds. They sound very specific!", "I didnt know this, but the kentucky derby is known as the fastest two minutes in sports." ]

[ "Horse training", "Horse training", "Horse training" ]

[ "Hindu", "Hm, like the people living in India?", "Yes, I recently visited the area. Religion is a very prominent part of their culture.", "Do you know how old Hinduism is? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hindu __knowledge__ Hindu () refers to any person who regards themselves as culturally, ethnically, or religiously adhering to aspects of Hinduism.", "Hindu __knowledge__ It has historically been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for people indigenous to South Asia.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The historical meaning of the term \"Hindu\" has evolved with time.", "Hindu __knowledge__ Starting with the Persian and Greek references to the land of the Indus in the 1st millennium BCE through the texts of the medieval era, the term Hindu implied a geographic, ethnic or cultural identifier for people living in the Indian subcontinent around or beyond the Sindhu (Indus) river.", "Hindu __knowledge__ By the 16th century, the term began to refer to residents of the subcontinent who were not Turkic or Muslims.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The historical development of Hindu self-identity within the local South Asian population, in a religious or cultural sense, is unclear.", "Hindu __knowledge__ Competing theories state that Hindu identity developed in the British colonial era, or that it developed post-8th century CE after the Islamic invasion and medieval Hindu-Muslim wars.", "Hindu __knowledge__ A sense of Hindu identity and the term \"Hindu\" appears in some texts dated between the 13th and 18th century in Sanskrit and regional languages.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The 14th- and 18th-century Indian poets such as Vidyapati, Kabir and Eknath used the phrase \"Hindu dharma\" (Hinduism) and contrasted it with \"Turaka dharma\" (Islam)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hindu __knowledge__ Hindu () refers to any person who regards themselves as culturally, ethnically, or religiously adhering to aspects of Hinduism.", "Hindu __knowledge__ It has historically been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for people indigenous to South Asia.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The historical meaning of the term \"Hindu\" has evolved with time.", "Hindu __knowledge__ Starting with the Persian and Greek references to the land of the Indus in the 1st millennium BCE through the texts of the medieval era, the term Hindu implied a geographic, ethnic or cultural identifier for people living in the Indian subcontinent around or beyond the Sindhu (Indus) river.", "Hindu __knowledge__ By the 16th century, the term began to refer to residents of the subcontinent who were not Turkic or Muslims.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The historical development of Hindu self-identity within the local South Asian population, in a religious or cultural sense, is unclear.", "Hindu __knowledge__ Competing theories state that Hindu identity developed in the British colonial era, or that it developed post-8th century CE after the Islamic invasion and medieval Hindu-Muslim wars.", "Hindu __knowledge__ A sense of Hindu identity and the term \"Hindu\" appears in some texts dated between the 13th and 18th century in Sanskrit and regional languages.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The 14th- and 18th-century Indian poets such as Vidyapati, Kabir and Eknath used the phrase \"Hindu dharma\" (Hinduism) and contrasted it with \"Turaka dharma\" (Islam).", "Wenzhounese __knowledge__ Wenzhounese (), also known as Oujiang (), Tong Au () or Auish (), is the language spoken in Wenzhou, the southern prefecture of Zhejiang, China.", "Wenzhounese __knowledge__ Nicknamed the \"Devil's Language\" for its complexity and difficulty, it is the most divergent division of Wu Chinese, with little to no mutual intelligibility with other Wu dialects or any other variety of Chinese.", "Wenzhounese __knowledge__ It features noticeable elements in common with Min Chinese, which is spoken to the south in Fujian.", "Wenzhounese __knowledge__ \"Oujiang\" is sometimes used as the broad umbrella term, reserving \"Wenzhou\" for Wenzhounese proper in \"sensu stricto\".", "Wenzhounese __knowledge__ Due to its long history and the isolation of the region in which it is spoken, Wenzhounese is so unusual in its phonology that it has the reputation of being the least comprehensible dialect for an average Mandarin speaker.", "Helene Langevin __knowledge__ Helene Langevin is a professor in the University of Vermont College of Medicine's Department of Neurological Sciences.", "Helene Langevin __knowledge__ She is best known for discovering cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the field of acupuncture.", "Helene Langevin __knowledge__ She is also a Professor in Residence of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital.", "Helene Langevin __knowledge__ Since 2013, Dr. Langevin is the Director of the Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, jointly owned by Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School.", "Helene Langevin __knowledge__ Dr. Langevin currently serves as principal investigator of studies funded by the National Institutes of Health.", "1990 Strangeways Prison riot __knowledge__ The 1990 Strangeways Prison riot was a 25-day prison riot and rooftop protest at Strangeways Prison in Manchester, England.", "1990 Strangeways Prison riot __knowledge__ The riot began on 1 April 1990 when prisoners took control of the prison chapel, and the riot quickly spread throughout most of the prison.", "1990 Strangeways Prison riot __knowledge__ The riot and rooftop protest ended on 25 April when the final five prisoners were removed from the rooftop, making it the longest prison riot in British penal history.", "1990 Strangeways Prison riot __knowledge__ One prisoner was killed during the riot, and 147 prison officers and 47 prisoners were injured.", "1990 Strangeways Prison riot __knowledge__ Much of the prison was damaged or destroyed with the cost of repairs coming to £50 million.", "HM-14 __knowledge__ Helicopter Mine Countermeasures Squadron 14 (HM-14) is a United States Navy helicopter squadron established in 1978 based at Naval Station Norfolk, Virginia.", "HM-14 __knowledge__ Nicknamed the \"Vanguard\" and flying the MH-53E Sea Dragon, it comprises both active duty and reserve personnel.", "HM-14 __knowledge__ It is the sister squadron to HM-15, the \"Blackhawks\", based at NS Norfolk.", "HM-14 __knowledge__ HM-14 was established at NAS, Norfolk, on 12 May 1978 as the world's first fully self-contained Airborne Mine Countermeasures (AMCM) squadron.", "HM-14 __knowledge__ The squadron was outfitted with eight RH-53D aircraft from HM-12 and with Vietnam War legacy minewsweeping equipment from AMCM Unit Alpha, including five Mk-105 sleds.", "HM Land Registry __knowledge__ Her Majesty's Land Registry is a non-ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom, created in 1862 to register the ownership of land and property in England and Wales.", "HM Land Registry __knowledge__ It reports to the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy The equivalent office in Scotland is the Registers of Scotland.", "HM Land Registry __knowledge__ Land and Property Services maintain records for Northern Ireland.", "HM Land Registry __knowledge__ HM Land Registry registers the ownership of property.", "HM Land Registry __knowledge__ It is one of the largest property databases in Europe.", "HM Land Registry __knowledge__ At the peak of the property boom in 2007, £1 million worth of property was processed every minute in England and Wales.", "English land law __knowledge__ English land law is the law of real property in England and Wales.", "English land law __knowledge__ Because of its heavy historical and social significance, land is usually seen as the most important part of English property law.", "English land law __knowledge__ Ownership of land has its roots in the feudal system established by William the Conqueror after 1066, and with a gradually diminishing aristocratic presence, now sees a large number of owners playing in an active market for real estate.", "English land law __knowledge__ The modern law's sources derive from the old courts of common law and equity which includes legislation such as the Law of Property Act 1925, the Settled Land Act 1925, the Land Charges Act 1972, the Trusts of Land and Appointment of Trustees Act 1996 and the Land Registration Act 2002, and the European Convention on Human Rights.", "Fender HM Strat __knowledge__ The Fender HM Strat was an electric guitar produced by Fender Musical Instruments from 1988 until 1992.", "Fender HM Strat __knowledge__ A relatively radical departure from Leo Fender's classic Stratocaster design, it was Fender's answer to Superstrats produced by manufacturers such as Jackson Guitars and Ibanez.", "Fender HM Strat __knowledge__ HM stands for heavy metal.", "Fender HM Strat __knowledge__ The Fender HM strat was originally produced in Japan.", "Fender HM Strat __knowledge__ Some sources say production started as early as 1984.", "Fender HM Strat __knowledge__ Subsequently, in 1989, it was produced in the United States.", "Fender HM Strat __knowledge__ Some evidence indicates that assembly in the U.S. with components imported from Japan may have begun as early as 1987.", "Fender HM Strat __knowledge__ First Version - The first version appeared with a distinct \"Strat\" logo in the headstock, 24 medium jumbo frets (i.e.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Hinduism is an Indian Dharma, or a way of life, widely practiced in South Asia.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world, and some practitioners and scholars refer to it as \"\", \"the eternal tradition,\" or the \"eternal way,\" beyond human history.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Scholars regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no founder.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ This \"Hindu synthesis\" started to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE, following the Vedic period (1500 BCE to 500 BCE).", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Although Hinduism contains a broad range of philosophies, it is linked by shared concepts, recognisable rituals, cosmology, shared textual resources, and pilgrimage to sacred sites.", "Hinduism in Southeast Asia __knowledge__ Hinduism in Southeast Asia has a profound impact on the region's cultural development and its history.", "Hinduism in Southeast Asia __knowledge__ As the Indic scripts were introduced from India, people of Southeast Asia entered the historical period by producing their earliest inscriptions around the 1st to 5th century CE.", "Hinduism in Southeast Asia __knowledge__ Hindu civilization also transformed and shaped the social construct and statehood of Southeast Asian regional polity.", "Hinduism in Southeast Asia __knowledge__ Through the formation of Indianized kingdoms, small indigenous polities led by petty chieftain were transformed into major kingdoms and empires led by a maharaja with statecraft concept akin to those in India.", "Religion in India __knowledge__ Religion in India is characterised by a diversity of religious beliefs and practices.", "Religion in India __knowledge__ The Secularism in India means treatment of all religions equally by the state.", "Religion in India __knowledge__ India is a Secular State by the 42nd amendment act of Constitution in 1976.", "Religion in India __knowledge__ The Indian subcontinent is the birthplace of four of the world's major religions; namely Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism.", "Religion in India __knowledge__ Throughout India's history, religion has been an important part of the country's culture.", "Religion in India __knowledge__ Religious diversity and religious tolerance are both established in the country by the law and custom; the Constitution of India has declared the right to freedom of religion to be a fundamental right.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ History of Hinduism denotes a wide variety of related Hindu denominations native to the Indian Subcontinent, most of whom live in modern-day India, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ Adherents are also found in the Indonesian island of Bali.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ Its history overlaps or coincides with the development of Indian religions since Iron Age India.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ It has thus been called the \"oldest living religion\" in the world.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ Scholars regard Hinduism as a synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no single founder or source.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ The history of Hinduism is often divided into periods of development, with the first period being that of the historical Vedic religion dated from about 1900 BCE to 1400 BCE.", "Dhyana in Hinduism __knowledge__ Dhyana (IAST: Dhyāna) in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism means contemplation and meditation, though their technical context is different.", "Dhyana in Hinduism __knowledge__ \"Dhyana\" is taken up in Yoga exercises, and leads to samadhi and self-knowledge.", "Dhyana in Hinduism __knowledge__ The concepts of \"dhyana\" and its practice originated in the Vedic and upanishadic era, developed further in the Buddhist, Hindu and Jain traditions, partly independently, partly influencing each other, and have been influential within the diverse traditions of Hinduism.", "Dhyana in Hinduism __knowledge__ It is, in Hinduism, a part of a self-directed awareness and unifying Yoga process by which the yogi realizes Self (Atman, soul), one's relationship with other living beings, and Ultimate Reality.", "Women in Hinduism __knowledge__ Hindu texts present diverse and conflicting views on the position of women, ranging from feminine leadership as the highest goddess, to limiting her role to an obedient daughter, housewife and mother.", "Women in Hinduism __knowledge__ The \"Devi Sukta\" hymn of Rigveda, a scripture of Hinduism, declares the feminine energy as the essence of the universe, the one who creates all matter and consciousness, the eternal and infinite, the metaphysical and empirical reality (Brahman), the soul (supreme self) of everything.", "Women in Hinduism __knowledge__ The woman is celebrated as the most powerful and the empowering force in some Hindu Upanishads, Sastras and Puranas, particularly the Devi Upanishad, Devi Mahatmya and Devi-Bhagavata Purana." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hindu __knowledge__ Hindu () refers to any person who regards themselves as culturally, ethnically, or religiously adhering to aspects of Hinduism.", "Hindu __knowledge__ It has historically been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for people indigenous to South Asia.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The historical meaning of the term \"Hindu\" has evolved with time.", "Hindu __knowledge__ Starting with the Persian and Greek references to the land of the Indus in the 1st millennium BCE through the texts of the medieval era, the term Hindu implied a geographic, ethnic or cultural identifier for people living in the Indian subcontinent around or beyond the Sindhu (Indus) river.", "Hindu __knowledge__ By the 16th century, the term began to refer to residents of the subcontinent who were not Turkic or Muslims.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The historical development of Hindu self-identity within the local South Asian population, in a religious or cultural sense, is unclear.", "Hindu __knowledge__ Competing theories state that Hindu identity developed in the British colonial era, or that it developed post-8th century CE after the Islamic invasion and medieval Hindu-Muslim wars.", "Hindu __knowledge__ A sense of Hindu identity and the term \"Hindu\" appears in some texts dated between the 13th and 18th century in Sanskrit and regional languages.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The 14th- and 18th-century Indian poets such as Vidyapati, Kabir and Eknath used the phrase \"Hindu dharma\" (Hinduism) and contrasted it with \"Turaka dharma\" (Islam).", "Bahá'í Faith in the United States __knowledge__ The Bahá'í Faith was first mentioned in the United States in 1893 at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago.", "Bahá'í Faith in the United States __knowledge__ Soon after, early American converts began embracing the new religion.", "Bahá'í Faith in the United States __knowledge__ Thornton Chase was the most prominent among the first American Baha'is and made important contributions to early activities.", "Bahá'í Faith in the United States __knowledge__ One of the first Bahá'í institutions was called the Bahá'í Temple Unity, which was incorporated in 1909 to facilitate the establishment of the first Bahá'í House of Worship in the West, which was eventually built in Wilmette, Illinois and dedicated in 1953.", "Bahá'í Faith in the United States __knowledge__ `Abdu'l-Bahá, then head of the Bahá'í Faith, visited the United States and Canada in 1912, ultimately visiting some 40 cities, to spread his father's teachings and consolidate the fledgling Bahá'í community there.", "New Age __knowledge__ New Age is a term applied to a range of spiritual or religious beliefs and practices that developed in Western nations during the 1970s.", "New Age __knowledge__ Precise scholarly definitions of the New Age differ in their emphasis, largely as a result of its highly eclectic structure.", "New Age __knowledge__ Although analytically often considered to be religious, those involved in it typically prefer the designation of spiritual or Mind, Body, Spirit and rarely use the term \"New Age\" themselves.", "New Age __knowledge__ Many scholars of the subject refer to it as the New Age movement, although others contest this term and suggest that it is better seen as a milieu or zeitgeist.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ China has long been a cradle and host to a variety of the most enduring religio-philosophical traditions of the world.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ Confucianism and Taoism, later joined by Buddhism, constitute the \"three teachings\" that have shaped Chinese culture.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ There are no clear boundaries between these intertwined religious systems, which do not claim to be exclusive, and elements of each enrich popular or folk religion.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ The emperors of China claimed the Mandate of Heaven and participated in Chinese religious practices.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, reform-minded officials and intellectuals attacked all religions as \"superstitious\", and since 1949, China has been governed by the Communist Party of China, an atheist institution that prohibits party members from practising religion while in office.", "Bahá'í Faith in Greater Boston __knowledge__ The Bahá'í Faith in Greater Boston, a combined statistical area, has had glimpses of the religion in the 19th century arising to its first community of religionists at the turn of the century.", "Bahá'í Faith in Greater Boston __knowledge__ Early newspaper accounts of events were followed by papers on the precursor Bábí religion by Dr. Rev.", "Bahá'í Faith in Greater Boston __knowledge__ Austin H. Wright were noted, materials donated, and lost, and then other scholars began to write about the religion.", "Bahá'í Faith in Greater Boston __knowledge__ The community began to coalesce being near to Green Acre, founded by Sarah Farmer, who publicly espoused the religion from 1901.", "Bahá'í Faith in Greater Boston __knowledge__ From then on the institution would progressively be associated with Bahá'ís - a place where both locals and people from afar came to learn of the religion, and who officially took over controlling interest from 1913.", "History of Scotland __knowledge__ The is known to have begun by the end of the last glacial period (in the paleolithic), roughly 10,000 years ago.", "History of Scotland __knowledge__ Prehistoric Scotland entered the Neolithic Era about 4000 BC, the Bronze Age about 2000 BC, and the Iron Age around 700 BC.", "History of Scotland __knowledge__ Scotland's recorded history began with the arrival of the Roman Empire in the 1st century, when the province of Britannia reached as far north as the line between the firths of Clyde to the Forth.", "History of Scotland __knowledge__ North of this was Caledonia, whose people were known in Latin as \"Picti\", \"the painted ones\".", "History of Scotland __knowledge__ Constant uprisings forced Rome's legions back: Hadrian's Wall attempted to seal off the Roman south and the Antonine Wall attempted to move the Roman border north.", "Mark Twain in Nevada __knowledge__ The use of the pen name of Mark Twain first occurred in Samuel Clemens's writing while in the Nevada Territory which he had journeyed to with his brother.", "Mark Twain in Nevada __knowledge__ Clemens/Twain lived in Nevada from 1861 to 1864, and visited the area twice after leaving.", "Mark Twain in Nevada __knowledge__ Historians such as Peter Messent see Clemens's time in Nevada as \"the third major formative period of Mark Twain's career\" (after his time in Hannibal and upon the Mississippi) due to his encounters with \"writers and humorists who would both shape and put the finishing touches on his literary art.\"", "Mark Twain in Nevada __knowledge__ The \"Routledge Encyclopedia of Mark Twain\" states that despite the few \"disagreeable experiences\" he had there, Twain \"thrived in Nevada.\"", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Hinduism is an Indian Dharma, or a way of life, widely practiced in South Asia.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world, and some practitioners and scholars refer to it as \"\", \"the eternal tradition,\" or the \"eternal way,\" beyond human history.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Scholars regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no founder.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ This \"Hindu synthesis\" started to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE, following the Vedic period (1500 BCE to 500 BCE).", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Although Hinduism contains a broad range of philosophies, it is linked by shared concepts, recognisable rituals, cosmology, shared textual resources, and pilgrimage to sacred sites.", "South Asia __knowledge__ South Asia or Southern Asia (also known as Indian subcontinent) is a term used to represent the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan SAARC countries and, for some authorities, adjoining countries to the west and east.", "South Asia __knowledge__ Topographically, it is dominated by the Indian Plate, which rises above sea level as Nepal and northern parts of India situated south of the Himalayas and the Hindu Kush.", "South Asia __knowledge__ South Asia is bounded on the south by the Indian Ocean and on land (clockwise, from west) by West Asia, Central Asia, East Asia, and Southeast Asia.", "South Asia __knowledge__ The current territories of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka form South Asia.", "Indo-Aryan migration __knowledge__ Indo-Aryan migration models discuss scenarios around the theory of an origin from outside South Asia of Indo-Aryan peoples, an ascribed ethnolinguistic group that spoke Indo-Aryan languages, the predominant languages of North India.", "Indo-Aryan migration __knowledge__ Proponents of Indo-Aryan origin outside of South Asia generally consider migrations into the region and Anatolia (ancient Mitanni) from Central Asia to have started around 1500 BCE, as a slow diffusion during the Late Harappan period, which led to a language shift in northern South Asia.", "Indo-Aryan migration __knowledge__ The Iranian languages were brought into Iran by the Iranians, who were closely related to the Indo-Aryans.", "History of India __knowledge__ The history of India includes the prehistoric settlements and societies in the Indian subcontinent; the advancement of civilisation from the Indus Valley Civilisation to the eventual blending of the Indo-Aryan culture to form the Vedic Civilisation; the rise of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism; the onset of a succession of powerful dynasties and empires for more than three millennia throughout various geographic areas of the subcontinent, including the growth of Muslim dominions during the Medieval period intertwined with Hindu powers; the advent of European traders and privateers, resulting in the establishment of British India; and the subsequent independence movement that led to the Partition of India and the creation of the Republic of India.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ History of Hinduism denotes a wide variety of related Hindu denominations native to the Indian Subcontinent, most of whom live in modern-day India, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ Adherents are also found in the Indonesian island of Bali.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ Its history overlaps or coincides with the development of Indian religions since Iron Age India.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ It has thus been called the \"oldest living religion\" in the world.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ Scholars regard Hinduism as a synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no single founder or source.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ The history of Hinduism is often divided into periods of development, with the first period being that of the historical Vedic religion dated from about 1900 BCE to 1400 BCE.", "Culture of Asia __knowledge__ The continent of Asia is commonly divided into geographic and cultural subregions, including Central Asia, East Asia, North Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and West Asia.", "Culture of Asia __knowledge__ While linked together on a geographical continent, there has been little unity or common history between the many cultures and peoples there.", "Culture of Asia __knowledge__ Asian art, music, and cuisine, as well as literature are all important parts of Asian culture.", "Culture of Asia __knowledge__ Eastern philosophy and religion, including Hinduism, Taoism, Confucianism, Buddhism, Judaism, and Islam, also play major roles.", "Culture of Asia __knowledge__ One of the most complex parts of modern Asian culture is the East-West dichotomy, as increasing Western influence clashes with traditional ideals." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hindu __knowledge__ Hindu () refers to any person who regards themselves as culturally, ethnically, or religiously adhering to aspects of Hinduism.", "Hindu __knowledge__ It has historically been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for people indigenous to South Asia.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The historical meaning of the term \"Hindu\" has evolved with time.", "Hindu __knowledge__ Starting with the Persian and Greek references to the land of the Indus in the 1st millennium BCE through the texts of the medieval era, the term Hindu implied a geographic, ethnic or cultural identifier for people living in the Indian subcontinent around or beyond the Sindhu (Indus) river.", "Hindu __knowledge__ By the 16th century, the term began to refer to residents of the subcontinent who were not Turkic or Muslims.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The historical development of Hindu self-identity within the local South Asian population, in a religious or cultural sense, is unclear.", "Hindu __knowledge__ Competing theories state that Hindu identity developed in the British colonial era, or that it developed post-8th century CE after the Islamic invasion and medieval Hindu-Muslim wars.", "Hindu __knowledge__ A sense of Hindu identity and the term \"Hindu\" appears in some texts dated between the 13th and 18th century in Sanskrit and regional languages.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The 14th- and 18th-century Indian poets such as Vidyapati, Kabir and Eknath used the phrase \"Hindu dharma\" (Hinduism) and contrasted it with \"Turaka dharma\" (Islam).", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Hinduism is an Indian Dharma, or a way of life, widely practiced in South Asia.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world, and some practitioners and scholars refer to it as \"\", \"the eternal tradition,\" or the \"eternal way,\" beyond human history.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Scholars regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no founder.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ This \"Hindu synthesis\" started to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE, following the Vedic period (1500 BCE to 500 BCE).", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Although Hinduism contains a broad range of philosophies, it is linked by shared concepts, recognisable rituals, cosmology, shared textual resources, and pilgrimage to sacred sites.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ History of Hinduism denotes a wide variety of related Hindu denominations native to the Indian Subcontinent, most of whom live in modern-day India, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ Adherents are also found in the Indonesian island of Bali.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ Its history overlaps or coincides with the development of Indian religions since Iron Age India.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ It has thus been called the \"oldest living religion\" in the world.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ Scholars regard Hinduism as a synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no single founder or source.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ The history of Hinduism is often divided into periods of development, with the first period being that of the historical Vedic religion dated from about 1900 BCE to 1400 BCE.", "Moksha __knowledge__ Moksha (, \"\"), also called vimoksha, vimukti and mukti, is a term in Hinduism and Hindu philosophy which refers to various forms of emancipation, liberation, and release.", "Moksha __knowledge__ In its soteriological and eschatological senses, it refers to freedom from \"saṃsāra\", the cycle of death and rebirth.", "Moksha __knowledge__ In its epistemological and psychological senses, \"moksha\" refers to freedom from ignorance: self-realization and self-knowledge.", "Moksha __knowledge__ In Hindu traditions, \"moksha\" is a central concept and included as one of the four aspects and goals of human life; the other three goals are \"dharma\" (virtuous, proper, moral life), \"artha\" (material prosperity, income security, means of life), and \"kama\" (pleasure, sensuality, emotional fulfillment).", "Ātman (Hinduism) __knowledge__ Ātman () is a Sanskrit word that means inner self or soul.", "Ātman (Hinduism) __knowledge__ In Hindu philosophy, especially in the Vedanta school of Hinduism, Ātman is the first principle, the \"true\" self of an individual beyond identification with phenomena, the essence of an individual.", "Ātman (Hinduism) __knowledge__ In order to attain liberation (moksha), a human being must acquire self-knowledge (atma jnana), which is to realize that one's true self (Ātman) is identical with the transcendent self Brahman.", "Ātman (Hinduism) __knowledge__ The six orthodox schools of Hinduism believe that there is Ātman (soul, self) in every being, a major point of difference with Buddhism, which does not believe that there is either soul or self.", "Indra's Net (book) __knowledge__ Indra's Net: Defending Hinduism's Philosophical Unity is a 2014 book by Rajiv Malhotra, an Indian-American author, philanthropist and public speaker, published by HarperCollins.", "Indra's Net (book) __knowledge__ The book is an appeal against the thesis of neo-Hinduism and a defense of Vivekananda's view of Yoga and Vedanta.", "Indra's Net (book) __knowledge__ The book argues for a unity, coherence, and continuity of the Yogic and Vedantic traditions of Hinduism and Hindu philosophy.", "Indra's Net (book) __knowledge__ It makes proposals for defending Hinduism from what the author considers to be unjust attacks from scholars, misguided public intellectuals, and hostile religious polemicists.", "Indra's Net (book) __knowledge__ A revised edition was published in 2016.", "Buddhism and Hinduism __knowledge__ Hinduism and Buddhism have common origins in the Ganges culture of northern India during the so-called \"second urbanisation\" around 500 BC.", "Buddhism and Hinduism __knowledge__ They have shared parallel beliefs that have existed side by side, but also pronounced differences.", "Buddhism and Hinduism __knowledge__ Buddhism attained prominence in the Indian subcontinent as it was supported by royal courts, but started to decline after the Gupta era, and virtually disappeared from India in the 11th century CE, except in some pockets of India.", "Buddhism and Hinduism __knowledge__ It has continued to exist outside India and is the major religion in several Asian countries.", "Buddhism and Hinduism __knowledge__ Certain Buddhist teachings appear to have been formulated in response to ideas presented in the early Upanishads – in some cases concurring with them, and in other cases criticizing or re-interpreting them.", "Hinduism in Indonesia __knowledge__ Hinduism in Indonesia is practised by 1.7% of the total population, and by 83.5% of the population in Bali as of the 2010 census.", "Hinduism in Indonesia __knowledge__ Hinduism is one of the six official religions of Indonesia.", "Hinduism in Indonesia __knowledge__ In 2010, there were an estimated total of over 4 million Hindus in Indonesia according to Indonesian census.", "Hinduism in Indonesia __knowledge__ The Parisada Hindu Dharma Indonesia disputed the census methodology, and estimated 18 million Hindus lived in Indonesia in 2005.", "Hinduism in Indonesia __knowledge__ In 2010, the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Government of Indonesia estimated that about 10 million Hindus lived on Indonesian islands, in contrast to the Indonesian official decadal census of over 4 million.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ China has long been a cradle and host to a variety of the most enduring religio-philosophical traditions of the world.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ Confucianism and Taoism, later joined by Buddhism, constitute the \"three teachings\" that have shaped Chinese culture.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ There are no clear boundaries between these intertwined religious systems, which do not claim to be exclusive, and elements of each enrich popular or folk religion.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ The emperors of China claimed the Mandate of Heaven and participated in Chinese religious practices.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, reform-minded officials and intellectuals attacked all religions as \"superstitious\", and since 1949, China has been governed by the Communist Party of China, an atheist institution that prohibits party members from practising religion while in office.", "Neo-Vedanta __knowledge__ Neo-Vedanta, also called Hindu modernism, neo-Hinduism, Global Hinduism and Hindu Universalism, are terms to characterize interpretations of Hinduism that developed in the 19th century.", "Neo-Vedanta __knowledge__ Some scholars argue that these modern interpretations incorporate western ideas into traditional Indian religions, especially Advaita Vedanta, which is asserted as central or fundamental to Hindu culture.", "Neo-Vedanta __knowledge__ The development took place partly in response to western colonialism and orientalism, contributing to the Indian freedom struggle and the modern national and religious identity of Hindus in the Republic of India.", "Relationship between religion and science __knowledge__ The relationship between religion and science has been a subject of study since classical antiquity, addressed by philosophers, theologians, scientists, and others.", "Relationship between religion and science __knowledge__ Perspectives from different geographical regions, cultures and historical epochs are diverse, with some characterizing the relationship as one of conflict, others describing it as one of harmony, and others proposing little interaction.", "Relationship between religion and science __knowledge__ Both science and religion are complex social and cultural endeavors that vary across cultures and have changed over time.", "Relationship between religion and science __knowledge__ Most scientific and technical innovations prior to the scientific revolution were achieved by societies organized by religious traditions.", "Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh __knowledge__ Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, abbreviated as RSS (Rāṣṭrīya Svayamsēvaka Saṅgha; IPA: , lit.", "Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh __knowledge__ \"National Volunteer Organisation\" or \"National Patriotic Organisation\"), is an Indian right-wing, Hindu nationalist, paramilitary volunteer organisation that is widely regarded as the parent organisation of the ruling party of India, the Bharatiya Janata Party.", "Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh __knowledge__ The RSS is one of the principal organizations of the Sangh Parivar group.", "Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh __knowledge__ Founded on 27 September 1925, it claimed a commitment to selfless service to India.", "Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh __knowledge__ The organisation is the world's largest voluntary missionary organization.", "Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh __knowledge__ The initial impetus was to provide character training through Hindu discipline and to unite the Hindu community to form a Hindu Rashtra (Hindu nation).", "Advaita Vedanta __knowledge__ Advaita Vedanta (IAST, '; , literally, \"not-two\"), originally known as Puruṣavāda\"', is a school of Hindu philosophy and religious practice, and one of the classic Indian paths to spiritual realization.", "Advaita Vedanta __knowledge__ The term \"Advaita\" refers to its idea that the soul (true Self, Atman) is the same as the highest metaphysical Reality (Brahman).", "Advaita Vedanta __knowledge__ The followers of this school are known as \"Advaita Vedantins\", or just \"Advaitins\", and they seek spiritual liberation through acquiring \"vidyā\" (knowledge) of one's true identity as \"Atman\", and the identity of \"Atman\" and \"Brahman\".", "Advaita Vedanta __knowledge__ Advaita Vedanta traces its roots in the oldest Upanishads." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 6, 4 ]

[ "Hi, are you aware of a culture that adheres to aspects of Hinduism?", "Precisely, hinduism been long used as a cultural, and religious identifier for people from South Asia.", "I agree, due to the historical development of Hindu self-identity, religion is a very important part of their culture.", " In the 1st millennium BCE through the texts of the medieval era, it is evident that Hinduism began around that time. " ]

[ "Hindu", "Hindu", "Hindu", "Hindu" ]

[ "Height\nI am very tall. I stand at 6ft nine inches tall.", "Yes I played college ball. For 4 years and tore my ACL my junior year.", "I din't know that. Very interesting. I was never good at Algebra.", "Wow. I wasn't aware there were dimensions and with regards to Space Models." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Height __knowledge__ Height is the measure of vertical distance, either how \"tall\" something or someone is, or how \"high\" the position is.", "Height __knowledge__ For example \"The height of that building is 50 m\" or \"The height of an airplane is about 10,000 m\".", "Height __knowledge__ When the term is used to describe how high something like an airplane or a mountain peak is from sea level, height is more often called \"altitude\".", "Height __knowledge__ In a cartesian space, height is measured along the vertical axis (y) between a specific point and another that does not have the same y-value.", "Height __knowledge__ If both points happen to have the same y-value, then their relative height equals to zero.", "Height __knowledge__ English \"high\" is derived from Old English \"hēah\", ultimately from Proto-Germanic *\"xauxa-z\", from a PIE base \"*keuk-\".", "Height __knowledge__ The derived noun \"height\", also the obsolete forms \"heighth\" and \"highth\", is from Old English \"híehþo\", later \"héahþu\", as it were from Proto-Germanic \"*xaux-iþa\".", "Height __knowledge__ In elementary models of space, height may indicate the third dimension, the other two being length and width.", "Height __knowledge__ Height is normal to the plane formed by the length and width.", "Height __knowledge__ Height is also used as a name for some more abstract definitions.", "Height __knowledge__ These include: among other uses in commutative algebra and representation theory.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Of the thousands of people murdered every year in the United States, some remain unidentified.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Many victims are not identified for years or even decades after they were killed—as in the case of Tammy Jo Alexander, who was murdered in 1979 and remained unidentified until 2015.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Including both murder victims and those who died of other causes, about 40,000 bodies remain unidentified in the United States.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The body of a white female aged thirty-four to thirty-eight was found in Slaughter Creek, near the Sipsey River in Romulus, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama on April 18, 1982.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The victim had been beaten, strangled and sexually assaulted.", "List of unidentified murder victims in Florida __knowledge__ In Florida, there are a number of murder victims in the category of unidentified decedents, whose identities have yet to be found.", "List of unidentified murder victims in Florida __knowledge__ In most of these cases, their murderer or murderers have also gone undiscovered.", "List of unidentified murder victims in Florida __knowledge__ An adult female between twenty-five and thirty-five years old was discovered wrapped in plastic and concealed in a footlocker on October 31, 1969 in St. Petersburg, Florida.", "List of unidentified murder victims in Florida __knowledge__ The murder weapon, a tie, was visible around her neck.", "List of unidentified murder victims in Florida __knowledge__ Examination also concluded she had suffered blunt force trauma to the head.", "List of unidentified murder victims in Florida __knowledge__ The murder had taken place within seventy-two hours of her discovery.", "List of unidentified murder victims in Florida __knowledge__ She was five feet nine inches tall, weighing 130 pounds, she was the mother of at least one child, and the dental care she received in her life was relatively low, despite the fact that her wisdom teeth had been removed.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ An unidentified decedent, or UID, is a deceased person whose legal identity is unable to be determined by law enforcement.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ Although the majority of individuals are identified soon after their bodies are recovered, it is not uncommon for bodies to remain unidentified for years or even decades.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ There are approximately 40,000 unidentified decedents in the United States at any given time.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ A deceased body can be identified in several different ways.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ Most commonly, a relative of the deceased identifies the body by sight.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ However, if a body is decomposed, skeletal, or unrecognizable due to severe facial trauma at the time of recovery, other methods must be used.", "List of unidentified murder victims in California __knowledge__ In California, there are many murder victims in the category of unidentified decedents, whose identities remain unknown.", "List of unidentified murder victims in California __knowledge__ In most of these cases, their murderer has never been identified.", "List of unidentified murder victims in California __knowledge__ The body of a black male was located on February 9, 1968 in Los Angeles, Los Angeles County, California.", "List of unidentified murder victims in California __knowledge__ The victim was a young man, who was older than eighteen when he was shot to death.", "List of unidentified murder victims in California __knowledge__ The John Doe was tall, approximately six feet three inches tall and weighed 156 pounds with black hair and brown eyes.", "List of unidentified murder victims in California __knowledge__ His frame was noticeably thin.", "List of unidentified murder victims in California __knowledge__ He was wearing a green sweater over a green turtle neck shirt.", "List of unidentified murder victims in California __knowledge__ Blue pants, a brown leather belt, green socks, white boxers and gray shoes were also worn by the decedent.", "List of unidentified decedents in California __knowledge__ Unidentified decedents are a group of people who have died but officials were unable to discover who they were when they were alive.", "List of unidentified decedents in California __knowledge__ Several victims are not identified for several years or even decades after their deaths, one case being that of Barbara Precht, who died in 2006 and was identified in 2014.", "List of unidentified decedents in California __knowledge__ Around 40,000 decedents still remain unidentified in the United States.", "List of unidentified decedents in California __knowledge__ Two children were witnessed playing with sticks of dynamite in Los Angeles County, California between the years of 1921 and 1951.", "List of unidentified decedents in California __knowledge__ The dynamite subsequently exploded and killed both the victims, one male and one female.", "List of unidentified decedents in California __knowledge__ Poor record keeping resulted in the exact date of the incident being unknown; the time range was established from the thirty-year career of the particular crime scene photographer.", "Nine Inches __knowledge__ Nine Inches is the eighth novel of the \"Dan Starkey\" series by Northern Irish author, Colin Bateman, released on 13 October 2011 through Headline Publishing Group.", "Nine Inches __knowledge__ Fellow crime author, Ian Rankin, recognised the book in \"The Scotsman\" as one of his \"books of the year\" 2011.", "Nine Inches __knowledge__ It was also listed by author Nick Quantrill as one of his \"Top 5 Books of 2011\".", "Nine Inches __knowledge__ The four-year-old son of Jack Caramac, a shock jock radio broadcaster and old friend of Dan Starkey, is kidnapped for one hour and returned unharmed.", "Nine Inches __knowledge__ Starkey, now a self-styled \"upmarket private eye\", is hired to investigate the kidnapping and ascertain who might have been behind it – a significant task given the number of people offended by Caramac's illustration of the crime and corruption prevalent throughout Belfast.", "List of unidentified murder victims in Pennsylvania __knowledge__ In Pennsylvania, there are a number of murder victims, in the category of unidentified decedents, whose identities have yet to be found.", "List of unidentified murder victims in Pennsylvania __knowledge__ In most of these cases, their murderer or murderers have also gone undiscovered.", "List of unidentified murder victims in Pennsylvania __knowledge__ A young boy found in 1957.", "List of unidentified murder victims in Pennsylvania __knowledge__ He died from severe blunt force trauma visible across his body.", "List of unidentified murder victims in Pennsylvania __knowledge__ A young, pregnant woman who was found murdered and dismembered in 1976.", "List of unidentified murder victims in Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The skeleton of a man aged twenty-five to forty was discovered on July 25, 1986, in Washington Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania, near a strip mine.", "List of unidentified murder victims in Pennsylvania __knowledge__ He was determined to be white, although he may have had Asian heritage." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Height __knowledge__ Height is the measure of vertical distance, either how \"tall\" something or someone is, or how \"high\" the position is.", "Height __knowledge__ For example \"The height of that building is 50 m\" or \"The height of an airplane is about 10,000 m\".", "Height __knowledge__ When the term is used to describe how high something like an airplane or a mountain peak is from sea level, height is more often called \"altitude\".", "Height __knowledge__ In a cartesian space, height is measured along the vertical axis (y) between a specific point and another that does not have the same y-value.", "Height __knowledge__ If both points happen to have the same y-value, then their relative height equals to zero.", "Height __knowledge__ English \"high\" is derived from Old English \"hēah\", ultimately from Proto-Germanic *\"xauxa-z\", from a PIE base \"*keuk-\".", "Height __knowledge__ The derived noun \"height\", also the obsolete forms \"heighth\" and \"highth\", is from Old English \"híehþo\", later \"héahþu\", as it were from Proto-Germanic \"*xaux-iþa\".", "Height __knowledge__ In elementary models of space, height may indicate the third dimension, the other two being length and width.", "Height __knowledge__ Height is normal to the plane formed by the length and width.", "Height __knowledge__ Height is also used as a name for some more abstract definitions.", "Height __knowledge__ These include: among other uses in commutative algebra and representation theory.", "Aaron Murray __knowledge__ Aaron William Murray (born November 10, 1990) is an American football quarterback who is currently a free agent.", "Aaron Murray __knowledge__ He was drafted by the Kansas City Chiefs in the fifth round of the 2014 NFL Draft.", "Aaron Murray __knowledge__ He played college football at Georgia.", "Aaron Murray __knowledge__ Murray currently leads the SEC career touchdown list.", "Aaron Murray __knowledge__ Notable names he surpassed are: Peyton Manning, Eli Manning, Matt Stafford, and many more Murray is now a college football color commentator for the CBS Sports Network.", "Aaron Murray __knowledge__ Murray was raised in Florida, the son of Lauren and Dennis Murray.", "Aaron Murray __knowledge__ His father is Catholic and his mother is Jewish.", "Aaron Murray __knowledge__ He graduated from Plant High School after transferring from Jesuit High School in Tampa, Florida.", "Ashlyn Harris __knowledge__ Ashlyn Michelle Harris (born October 19, 1985) is an American soccer player and FIFA Women's World Cup champion who is currently a goalkeeper for the United States women's national soccer team and Orlando Pride in the National Women's Soccer League, the highest division of women's soccer in the United States.", "Ashlyn Harris __knowledge__ She made her debut for the senior national team on March 11, 2013 and was a member of the championship–winning team at the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup in Vancouver, Canada.", "Ashlyn Harris __knowledge__ Harris played college soccer for the University of North Carolina Tar Heels and helped the team win three NCAA Division I Women's Soccer Championships.", "Jamaal Charles __knowledge__ Jamaal RaShaad Jones Charles (born December 27, 1986) is an American football running back for the Denver Broncos of the National Football League (NFL).", "Jamaal Charles __knowledge__ He played college football for the University of Texas, and was drafted by the Kansas City Chiefs in the third round of the 2008 NFL Draft.", "Jamaal Charles __knowledge__ Charles's first year as a Chief was hardly in the spotlight; as a backup to halfback Larry Johnson, Charles rushed only 67 times for 357 yards.", "Jamaal Charles __knowledge__ His breakout season came the following year in 2009.", "Jamaal Charles __knowledge__ In his second year, Charles rushed 190 times for 1,120 yards, despite only starting 10 games after Larry Johnson was suspended.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ During the 2012–13 season, Sheffield Wednesday Football Club competed in the 2012–13 Football League Championship, the FA Cup and the League Cup.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Sheffield Wednesday have stayed in the Football League Championship after recently being promoted from the Football League One the previous year.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ They were managed by Dave Jones, while the club's chairman was Milan Mandaric.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Their league season kicked off on 18 August 2012, while the League Cup began a week earlier as they entered at Round 1 of the competition.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ In the FA Cup, The Owls began in January as they entered at Round 3.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Pre-season for Sheffield Wednesday is due to kick-off at the beginning of July 2012.", "History of the Washington Redskins __knowledge__ The Washington Redskins have played over 1,000 games.", "History of the Washington Redskins __knowledge__ In those games, the club has won five professional American football championships including two NFL Championships and three Super Bowls.", "History of the Washington Redskins __knowledge__ The franchise has also captured 15 NFL divisional titles and five NFC championships.", "History of the Washington Redskins __knowledge__ The Redskins won the 1937 and 1942 Championship games, as well as Super Bowl XVII, XXII, and XXVI.", "History of the Washington Redskins __knowledge__ They also played in and lost the 1936, 1940, 1943, and 1945 Championship games, as well as Super Bowl VII and XVIII.", "History of the Washington Redskins __knowledge__ They have made 24 postseason appearances, and have an overall postseason record of 23 wins and 19 losses.", "History of the Washington Redskins __knowledge__ Only five teams have appeared in more Super Bowls than the Redskins: the New England Patriots (nine), Dallas Cowboys (eight), Pittsburgh Steelers (eight), Denver Broncos (eight), and the San Francisco 49ers (six); the Redskins' five appearances are tied with the Oakland Raiders, Miami Dolphins, New York Giants, and Green Bay Packers.", "Derrick Rose __knowledge__ Derrick Martell Rose (born October 4, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Derrick Rose __knowledge__ He played one year of college basketball for the Memphis Tigers before being drafted first overall by his hometown Chicago Bulls in the 2008 NBA draft.", "Derrick Rose __knowledge__ After being named the NBA Rookie of the Year, Rose, at age 22, became the youngest player to win the NBA Most Valuable Player Award in 2011.", "Derrick Rose __knowledge__ Rose was born and raised in the Chicago area, and attended Simeon Career Academy.", "Derrick Rose __knowledge__ He was highly recruited by NCAA scouts and coaches, eventually choosing to join the University of Memphis under Coach John Calipari.", "Ben Edwards (American football) __knowledge__ Ben Edwards (born April 11, 1992) is an American football wide receiver who is currently a free agent.", "Ben Edwards (American football) __knowledge__ He played football and basketball at York High School in Yorktown, Virginia.", "Ben Edwards (American football) __knowledge__ He played college football at Richmond for four years.", "Ben Edwards (American football) __knowledge__ Edwards earned First Team All-CAA honors in 2012 after leading the CAA in receptions with 80.", "Ben Edwards (American football) __knowledge__ He was also named First Team All-CAA his senior year in 2013.", "Ben Edwards (American football) __knowledge__ After going undrafted in the 2014 NFL Draft, Edwards remained unsigned until being signed by the New York Giants in May 2015.", "Ben Edwards (American football) __knowledge__ He played in two games for the Giants in 2015, catching one pass for nine yards.", "Ben Edwards (American football) __knowledge__ He spent the entire 2016 season on injured reserve and became a free agent afterwards.", "Toowong State School __knowledge__ Toowong State School is a heritage-listed state school at 50 Quinn Street (37 St Osyth Street), Toowong, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.", "Toowong State School __knowledge__ It was designed by Robert and John Ferguson and Queensland Department of Public Works and built in 1880 by NB Headland..", "Toowong State School __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 28 November 2014.", "Toowong State School __knowledge__ Toowong State School opened on 22 January 1880, but moved to its present site between Quinn and St Osyth Streets in 1910.", "Toowong State School __knowledge__ The original building was an 1880 Ferguson building with an 1887 addition.", "Toowong State School __knowledge__ At its new site, a Department of Public Works designed classroom (1910), an open-air annexe (1917), and two Sectional School buildings (1924 and 1927) were added.", "Allyssa DeHaan __knowledge__ Allyssa DeHaan (born June 21, 1988 in Grandville, Michigan) is an American former collegiate basketball and volleyball player.", "Allyssa DeHaan __knowledge__ She played for Michigan State University from 2006 to 2010.", "Allyssa DeHaan __knowledge__ She is ranked as the fourth all-time in career points (1,649) and rebounds (919), and is one of just three Spartans to place in the top five of both categories.", "Allyssa DeHaan __knowledge__ She also ranks third in MSU history in made field goals (640) and made free throws (351), and seventh in free throw percentage (79.8%).", "Allyssa DeHaan __knowledge__ DeHaan finished her career with four-year averages of 12.1 points, 6.8 rebounds, and 3.7 blocks per game.", "Allyssa DeHaan __knowledge__ She is also ranked second all-time in Division I with 503 career blocks.", "Basquash! __knowledge__ The story takes place in the world of \"Earth Dash\", an alternate, futuristic version of Earth where human society split between the far more advanced lunar society and that of the planet's surface.", "Basquash! __knowledge__ A popular sport is BFB (Big Foot Basketball), where players ride mecha called \"Big Foot\" and play basketball in a giant arena.", "Basquash! __knowledge__ In the city of Rolling Town, Dan JD and his companions take the sport to the streets, rename it \"Basquash\", and then embark on a journey to overcome their past hardships and make their dreams come true.", "Basquash! __knowledge__ The main protagonist, Dan is a young boy who loves basketball but despises BFB due to an accident that crippled his sister.", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ Jeremy Shu-How Lin (born August 23, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Brooklyn Nets of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ He unexpectedly led a winning turnaround with the New York Knicks in 2012, which generated a global craze known as \"Linsanity\".", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ Lin grew up in the San Francisco Bay Area and earned Northern California Player of the Year honors as a senior in high school.", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ After receiving no athletic scholarship offers, he attended Harvard University, where he was a three-time All-Conference player in the Ivy League.", "Jeremy Lin __knowledge__ Undrafted out of college, Lin reached a partially guaranteed contract deal in 2010 with his hometown Golden State Warriors.", "Bowen State School __knowledge__ Bowen State School is a heritage-listed school at 29 Kennedy Street, Bowen, Whitsunday Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Bowen State School __knowledge__ It was designed by Robert Ferguson and the Department of Public Works (Queensland).", "Bowen State School __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 March 2013.", "Bowen State School __knowledge__ Bowen State School was established in 1865 on a large, central site within the town of Bowen.", "Bowen State School __knowledge__ It comprises a variety of education buildings and landscape elements constructed and altered over a long period.", "Bowen State School __knowledge__ It has been an important place of education for the Bowen community since its establishment.", "Bowen State School __knowledge__ Port settlements were established along the Queensland coast to serve inland pastoral districts to their west.", "Dusan Langura __knowledge__ Dusan Langura (Serbian Cyrillic: Душан Лангура, born on 26 February 1993), also known by his nicknames Dule or Rolex, is a Swiss former basketball player.", "Dusan Langura __knowledge__ The 6-foot-4-inch (1.94 m) from Romont, Switzerland previously attended The University of Georgia and Furtah Preparatory School in Acworth, Georgia and has represented the youth Swiss national basketball team.", "Dusan Langura __knowledge__ He played as a Shooting Guard.", "Dusan Langura __knowledge__ Langura was born in Kotor, Montenegro to Serb Montenegrin father Uros Langura from Priboj, Serbia and Macedonian mother Dragica Sazdanova from Bitola, Macedonia.", "Dusan Langura __knowledge__ When his parents met in 1980 at The University of Belgrade, his mother Dragica was studying Physical Therapy at The University of Belgrade while his father Uros was studying medicine at The University of Belgrade School of Medicine.", "Tal Brody __knowledge__ Tal Brody (Hebrew: טל ברודי; nicknamed Mr. Basketball; born August 30, 1943) is an American-Israeli former basketball player, and current Goodwill Ambassador of Israel, who lives in Israel.", "Tal Brody __knowledge__ Brody was drafted # 12 in the National Basketball Association (NBA) draft, but chose to pass up an NBA career to instead play basketball in Israel.", "Tal Brody __knowledge__ He played on national basketball teams of both the United States and Israel, and served in the armies of both countries.", "Tal Brody __knowledge__ A New Jersey All Star basketball player in high school, Brody led his team to an undefeated state championship.", "Tal Brody __knowledge__ In college, he was a high-scoring, slick-passing All-American and All-Big Ten guard in 1965, while playing for the University of Illinois." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Height __knowledge__ Height is the measure of vertical distance, either how \"tall\" something or someone is, or how \"high\" the position is.", "Height __knowledge__ For example \"The height of that building is 50 m\" or \"The height of an airplane is about 10,000 m\".", "Height __knowledge__ When the term is used to describe how high something like an airplane or a mountain peak is from sea level, height is more often called \"altitude\".", "Height __knowledge__ In a cartesian space, height is measured along the vertical axis (y) between a specific point and another that does not have the same y-value.", "Height __knowledge__ If both points happen to have the same y-value, then their relative height equals to zero.", "Height __knowledge__ English \"high\" is derived from Old English \"hēah\", ultimately from Proto-Germanic *\"xauxa-z\", from a PIE base \"*keuk-\".", "Height __knowledge__ The derived noun \"height\", also the obsolete forms \"heighth\" and \"highth\", is from Old English \"híehþo\", later \"héahþu\", as it were from Proto-Germanic \"*xaux-iþa\".", "Height __knowledge__ In elementary models of space, height may indicate the third dimension, the other two being length and width.", "Height __knowledge__ Height is normal to the plane formed by the length and width.", "Height __knowledge__ Height is also used as a name for some more abstract definitions.", "Height __knowledge__ These include: among other uses in commutative algebra and representation theory.", "History of algebra __knowledge__ As a branch of mathematics, algebra emerged at the end of the 16th century in Europe, with the work of François Viète.", "History of algebra __knowledge__ Algebra can essentially be considered as doing computations similar to those of arithmetic but with non-numerical mathematical objects.", "History of algebra __knowledge__ However, until the 19th century, algebra consisted essentially of the theory of equations.", "History of algebra __knowledge__ For example, the fundamental theorem of algebra belongs to the theory of equations and is not, nowadays, considered as belonging to algebra (It is not possible to give a purely algebraic proof to this theorem, because this proposition involves the notion of real numbers and therefore the notion of a limit, which does not belong to algebra).", "Universal enveloping algebra __knowledge__ In mathematics, a universal enveloping algebra is the most general (unital, associative) algebra that contains all representations of a Lie algebra.", "Universal enveloping algebra __knowledge__ Universal enveloping algebras are used in the representation theory of Lie groups and Lie algebras.", "Universal enveloping algebra __knowledge__ For example, Verma modules can be constructed as quotients of the universal enveloping algebra.", "Universal enveloping algebra __knowledge__ In addition, the enveloping algebra gives a precise definition for the Casimir operators.", "Universal enveloping algebra __knowledge__ Because Casimir operators commute with all elements of a Lie algebra, they can be used to classify representations.", "Universal enveloping algebra __knowledge__ The precise definition also allows the importation of Casimir operators into other areas of mathematics, specifically, those which have a differential algebra.", "Lie algebra extension __knowledge__ In the theory of Lie groups, Lie algebras and their representation theory, a Lie algebra extension is an enlargement of a given Lie algebra by another Lie algebra .", "Lie algebra extension __knowledge__ Extensions arise in several ways.", "Lie algebra extension __knowledge__ There is the trivial extension obtained by taking a direct sum of two Lie algebras.", "Lie algebra extension __knowledge__ Other types are the split extension and the central extension.", "Lie algebra extension __knowledge__ Extensions may arise naturally, for instance, when forming a Lie algebra from projective group representations.", "Lie algebra extension __knowledge__ Such a Lie algebra will contain central charges.", "Lie algebra extension __knowledge__ Starting with a polynomial loop algebra over finite-dimensional simple Lie algebra and performing two extensions, a central extension and an extension by a derivation, one obtains a Lie algebra which is isomorphic with an untwisted affine Kac–Moody algebra.", "Boolean algebras canonically defined __knowledge__ Boolean algebra is a mathematically rich branch of abstract algebra.", "Boolean algebras canonically defined __knowledge__ Just as group theory deals with groups, and linear algebra with vector spaces, Boolean algebras are models of the equational theory of the two values 0 and 1 (whose interpretation need not be numerical).", "Boolean algebras canonically defined __knowledge__ Common to Boolean algebras, groups, and vector spaces is the notion of an algebraic structure, a set closed under zero or more operations satisfying certain equations.", "Boolean algebras canonically defined __knowledge__ Just as there are basic examples of groups, such as the group Z of integers and the permutation group \"S\" of permutations of \"n\" objects, there are also basic examples of Boolean algebra such as the following.", "Boolean algebra __knowledge__ In mathematics and mathematical logic, Boolean algebra is the branch of algebra in which the values of the variables are the truth values \"true\" and \"false\", usually denoted 1 and 0 respectively.", "Boolean algebra __knowledge__ Instead of elementary algebra where the values of the variables are numbers, and the prime operations are addition and multiplication, the main operations of Boolean algebra are the conjunction \"and\" denoted as ∧, the disjunction \"or\" denoted as ∨, and the negation \"not\" denoted as ¬.", "Boolean algebra __knowledge__ It is thus a formalism for describing logical relations in the same way that ordinary algebra describes numeric relations.", "Clifford algebra __knowledge__ In mathematics, a Clifford algebra is an algebra generated by a vector space with a quadratic form, and is a unital associative algebra.", "Clifford algebra __knowledge__ As \"K\"-algebras, they generalize the real numbers, complex numbers, quaternions and several other hypercomplex number systems.", "Clifford algebra __knowledge__ The theory of Clifford algebras is intimately connected with the theory of quadratic forms and orthogonal transformations.", "Clifford algebra __knowledge__ Clifford algebras have important applications in a variety of fields including geometry, theoretical physics and digital image processing.", "Clifford algebra __knowledge__ They are named after the English geometer William Kingdon Clifford.", "Clifford algebra __knowledge__ The most familiar Clifford algebra, or orthogonal Clifford algebra, is also referred to as \"Riemannian Clifford algebra\".", "Ibn Taymiyyah __knowledge__ Taqī ad-Dīn Ahmad ibn Taymiyyah (Arabic: تقي الدين أحمد ابن تيمية, January 22, 1263 - September 26, 1328), known as Ibn Taymiyyah for short, was a controversial medieval Sunni Muslim theologian, jurisconsult, logician, and reformer.", "Ibn Taymiyyah __knowledge__ A member of the Hanbali school of jurisprudence founded by Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Ibn Taymiyyah was also a member of the Qadiriyya Sufi order founded by the twelfth-century mystic and saint Abdul-Qadir Gilani.", "Ibn Taymiyyah __knowledge__ A polarizing figure in his own lifetime, Ibn Taymiyyah's iconoclastic views on widely accepted Sunni doctrines such as the veneration of saints and the visitation to their tomb-shrines made him unpopular with the majority of the orthodox religious scholars of the time, under whose orders he was imprisoned several times.", "Von Neumann algebra __knowledge__ In mathematics, a von Neumann algebra or W*-algebra is a *-algebra of bounded operators on a Hilbert space that is closed in the weak operator topology and contains the identity operator.", "Von Neumann algebra __knowledge__ It is a special type of C*-algebra.", "Von Neumann algebra __knowledge__ Von Neumann algebras were originally introduced by John von Neumann, motivated by his study of single operators, group representations, ergodic theory and quantum mechanics.", "Von Neumann algebra __knowledge__ His double commutant theorem shows that the analytic definition is equivalent to a purely algebraic definition as an algebra of symmetries.", "Von Neumann algebra __knowledge__ Two basic examples of von Neumann algebras are as follows: Von Neumann algebras were first studied by in 1929; he and Francis Murray developed the basic theory, under the original name of rings of operators, in a series of papers written in the 1930s and 1940s (; ), reprinted in the collected works of .", "Emmy Noether __knowledge__ Amalie Emmy Noether (; 23 March 1882 – 14 April 1935) was a German mathematician known for her landmark contributions to abstract algebra and theoretical physics.", "Emmy Noether __knowledge__ She was described by Pavel Alexandrov, Albert Einstein, Jean Dieudonné, Hermann Weyl, and Norbert Wiener as the most important woman in the history of mathematics.", "Emmy Noether __knowledge__ As one of the leading mathematicians of her time, she developed the theories of rings, fields, and algebras.", "Emmy Noether __knowledge__ In physics, Noether's theorem explains the connection between symmetry and conservation laws.", "Emmy Noether __knowledge__ Noether was born to a Jewish family in the Franconian town of Erlangen; her father was a mathematician, Max Noether.", "Exterior algebra __knowledge__ In mathematics, the exterior algebra of a vector space (or, more generally, of a module over a commutative ring) is an associative algebra that contains the vector space (or module), and such that the square of any element of the vector space (or module) is zero.", "Exterior algebra __knowledge__ The exterior algebra is universal in the sense that every embedding of the vector space or module in an algebra that has these properties may be factored through the exterior algebra.", "Exterior algebra __knowledge__ The multiplication operation of the exterior algebra is called the exterior product or wedge product, and is denoted with the symbol formula_1.", "Exterior algebra __knowledge__ The term \"exterior\" comes from the exterior product of two vectors not being a vector, while the term \"wedge\" comes from the shape of the multiplication symbol." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Height __knowledge__ Height is the measure of vertical distance, either how \"tall\" something or someone is, or how \"high\" the position is.", "Height __knowledge__ For example \"The height of that building is 50 m\" or \"The height of an airplane is about 10,000 m\".", "Height __knowledge__ When the term is used to describe how high something like an airplane or a mountain peak is from sea level, height is more often called \"altitude\".", "Height __knowledge__ In a cartesian space, height is measured along the vertical axis (y) between a specific point and another that does not have the same y-value.", "Height __knowledge__ If both points happen to have the same y-value, then their relative height equals to zero.", "Height __knowledge__ English \"high\" is derived from Old English \"hēah\", ultimately from Proto-Germanic *\"xauxa-z\", from a PIE base \"*keuk-\".", "Height __knowledge__ The derived noun \"height\", also the obsolete forms \"heighth\" and \"highth\", is from Old English \"híehþo\", later \"héahþu\", as it were from Proto-Germanic \"*xaux-iþa\".", "Height __knowledge__ In elementary models of space, height may indicate the third dimension, the other two being length and width.", "Height __knowledge__ Height is normal to the plane formed by the length and width.", "Height __knowledge__ Height is also used as a name for some more abstract definitions.", "Height __knowledge__ These include: among other uses in commutative algebra and representation theory.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "WOW Cafe __knowledge__ WOW Cafe (Women's One World) is a feminist theater space in New York City.", "WOW Cafe __knowledge__ In the mid-1980s, WOW Cafe was central to the avant garde theatre and performance art scene in the East Village, New York City.", "WOW Cafe __knowledge__ Among the artists who have presented at the space are Lisa Kron, Holly Hughes, Deb Margolin, Dancenoise, Carmelita Tropicana, Eileen Myles, Split Britches, and The Five Lesbian Brothers.", "WOW Cafe __knowledge__ The WOW Cafe began when two of the founding members, Lois Weaver and Peggy Shaw were traveling Europe with performance troupes Spiderwoman Theater and Hot Peaches, and after seeing women’s theater festivals during their tour were inspired to establish one in America.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "String theory __knowledge__ In physics, string theory is a theoretical framework in which the point-like particles of particle physics are replaced by one-dimensional objects called strings.", "String theory __knowledge__ It describes how these strings propagate through space and interact with each other.", "String theory __knowledge__ On distance scales larger than the string scale, a string looks just like an ordinary particle, with its mass, charge, and other properties determined by the vibrational state of the string.", "String theory __knowledge__ In string theory, one of the many vibrational states of the string corresponds to the graviton, a quantum mechanical particle that carries gravitational force.", "String theory __knowledge__ Thus string theory is a theory of quantum gravity.", "M-theory __knowledge__ M-theory is a theory in physics that unifies all consistent versions of superstring theory.", "M-theory __knowledge__ The existence of such a theory was first conjectured by Edward Witten at a string theory conference at the University of Southern California in the spring of 1995.", "M-theory __knowledge__ Witten's announcement initiated a flurry of research activity known as the second superstring revolution.", "M-theory __knowledge__ Prior to Witten's announcement, string theorists had identified five versions of superstring theory.", "M-theory __knowledge__ Although these theories appeared, at first, to be very different, work by several physicists showed that the theories were related in intricate and nontrivial ways.", "Flatland: The Movie __knowledge__ Flatland: The Movie is a short animated film which was released to video in 2007.", "Flatland: The Movie __knowledge__ The cast includes the voices of actors Martin Sheen, Kristen Bell and Tony Hale.", "Flatland: The Movie __knowledge__ The story is based on the 1884 science fiction novella \"Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions\" written by Edwin A. Abbott.", "Flatland: The Movie __knowledge__ The 2-dimensional Arthur Square awakens from a dream of strange, glowing symbols.", "Flatland: The Movie __knowledge__ He lives with his wife, Arlene Square, and his curious granddaughter Hex, a hexagon.", "Flatland: The Movie __knowledge__ Hex and Arthur discuss the laws of inheritance: how each new generation of Flatlanders, beginning with triangles, gains a new side until the shapes become indistinguishable from circles.", "Four-dimensional space __knowledge__ A four-dimensional space or 4D space is a mathematical extension of the concept of three-dimensional or 3D space.", "Four-dimensional space __knowledge__ Three-dimensional space is the simplest possible generalization of the observation that one only needs three numbers, called \"dimensions\", to describe the sizes or locations of objects in the everyday world.", "Four-dimensional space __knowledge__ For example, the volume of a rectangular box is found by measuring its length (often labeled \"x\"), width (\"y\"), and depth (\"z\").", "Four-dimensional space __knowledge__ More than two millennia ago Greek philosophers explored in detail the many implications of this uniformity, culminating in Euclid's \"Elements\".", "Four-dimensional space __knowledge__ However, it was not until recent times that some mathematicians generalized the concept of dimensions to include more than three.", "Mister Mxyzptlk __knowledge__ Mister Mxyzptlk ( , or ), sometimes called Mxy, is a fictional impish character who appears in DC Comics' Superman comic books, sometimes as a supervillain and other times as an antihero.", "Mister Mxyzptlk __knowledge__ Mr. Mxyzptlk was created to appear in \"Superman\" #30 (Sept. 1944), in the story \"The Mysterious Mr. Mxyzptlk\", by writer Jerry Siegel and artist Ira Yarborough.", "Mister Mxyzptlk __knowledge__ But due to publishing lag time, the character saw print first in the \"Superman\" daily comic strip by writer Whitney Ellsworth and artist Wayne Boring.", "Mister Mxyzptlk __knowledge__ He is usually presented as a trickster, in the classical mythological sense, in that he possesses reality warping powers with which he enjoys tormenting Superman in a cartoonish way.", "BKL singularity __knowledge__ A Belinsky-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz (BKL) singularity is a model of the dynamic evolution of the Universe near the initial singularity, described by an anisotropic, homogeneous, chaotic solution to Einstein's field equations of gravitation.", "BKL singularity __knowledge__ According to this model, the Universe is oscillating around a gravitational singularity in which time and space become equal to zero.", "BKL singularity __knowledge__ This singularity is physically real in the sense that it is a necessary property of the solution, and will appear also in the exact solution of those equations.", "BKL singularity __knowledge__ The singularity is not artificially created by the assumptions and simplifications made by the other special solutions such as the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker, quasi-isotropic, and Kasner solutions.", "Dimension __knowledge__ In physics and mathematics, the dimension of a mathematical space (or object) is informally defined as the minimum number of coordinates needed to specify any point within it.", "Dimension __knowledge__ Thus a line has a dimension of one because only one coordinate is needed to specify a point on itfor example, the point at 5 on a number line.", "Dimension __knowledge__ A surface such as a plane or the surface of a cylinder or sphere has a dimension of two because two coordinates are needed to specify a point on itfor example, both a latitude and longitude are required to locate a point on the surface of a sphere.", "Dimension __knowledge__ The inside of a cube, a cylinder or a sphere is three-dimensional because three coordinates are needed to locate a point within these spaces.", "Synthetic-aperture radar __knowledge__ Synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) is a form of radar that is used to create two- or three-dimensional images of objects, such as landscapes.", "Synthetic-aperture radar __knowledge__ SAR uses the motion of the radar antenna over a target region to provide finer spatial resolution than conventional beam-scanning radars.", "Synthetic-aperture radar __knowledge__ SAR is typically mounted on a moving platform, such as an aircraft or spacecraft, and has its origins in an advanced form of side looking airborne radar (SLAR).", "Synthetic-aperture radar __knowledge__ The distance the SAR device travels over a target in the time taken for the radar pulses to return to the antenna creates the large \"synthetic\" antenna aperture (the \"size\" of the antenna).", "Singular spectrum analysis __knowledge__ In time series analysis, singular spectrum analysis (SSA) is a nonparametric spectral estimation method.", "Singular spectrum analysis __knowledge__ It combines elements of classical time series analysis, multivariate statistics, multivariate geometry, dynamical systems and signal processing.", "Singular spectrum analysis __knowledge__ Its roots lie in the classical Karhunen (1946)–Loève (1945, 1978) spectral decomposition of time series and random fields and in the Mañé (1981)–Takens (1981) embedding theorem.", "Singular spectrum analysis __knowledge__ SSA can be an aid in the decomposition of time series into a sum of components, each having a meaningful interpretation.", "Singular spectrum analysis __knowledge__ The name \"singular spectrum analysis\" relates to the spectrum of eigenvalues in a singular value decomposition of a covariance matrix, and not directly to a frequency domain decomposition." ] ]

[ 0, 10, 8, 10 ]

[ "That's pretty tall. Did you play basketball? ", "Height is sometimes used as a name for more abstract definitions, like in algebra.", "In space models, height is the third dimension, the other two being length and width.", "Yeah, those are more abstract definitions of height. " ]

[ "Height", "Height", "Height", "Height" ]

[ "Omar (name)\n My name is Omar, I've heard it means a lot of things, but I'm not sure what. Do you know anything about its meaning?", "Wow that's weird because I'm actually Caucasian, guess my parents just liked the name. I think it's also a country too, weird.", "Oh I see, like how there are many spellings of Mohammad as a name, makes sense. ", "Yeah I imagine the number of English speakers is really increased due to it's popularity in places like India and China. It's becoming the language of the world, for better or worse who knows." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Omar (name) __knowledge__ Omar, Omer, Ömer, \"Umer\" or Umar (), is a male given name of Arabic origin.", "Omar (name) __knowledge__ It is a common name in Arab and Muslim populations in general, as well as in Spanish-speaking countries.", "Omar (name) __knowledge__ In Arabic, its pronunciation differs based on the spoken varieties of Arabic and consequently in its transcription.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial of Conrad Murray (People of the State of California v. Conrad Robert Murray) was the American criminal trial of Michael Jackson's personal physician, Conrad Murray, who was charged with involuntary manslaughter for the pop singer's death on June 25, 2009, from a massive overdose of the general anesthetic propofol.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial, which started on September 27, 2011, was held in the Los Angeles County Superior Court in Los Angeles, California, before Judge Michael Pastor and it was televised.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The prosecutors in the case (David Walgren and Deborah Brazil, both Los Angeles deputy district attorneys), in their opening statement, told jurors: \"misplaced trust in the hands of Murray cost Jackson his life\".", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John Lawrence McKenzie (October 9, 1910 – March 2, 1991) was born on October 9, 1910, in Brazil, Indiana, the first of the six children of Myra (Daly) and Harry McKenzie.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie became the premier Catholic Biblical scholar of the mid-twentieth century; indeed, John Courtney Murray, SJ, wrote that John McKenzie was \"the best Catholic theologian he knew of in the United States.\"", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie was interested in the Jesuits from an early age.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ At some significant sacrifice to his family, he was enrolled in a Jesuit boarding high school in St. Mary’s, Kansas, where he came first in his class three out of his four years there.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Omar (name) __knowledge__ Omar, Omer, Ömer, \"Umer\" or Umar (), is a male given name of Arabic origin.", "Omar (name) __knowledge__ It is a common name in Arab and Muslim populations in general, as well as in Spanish-speaking countries.", "Omar (name) __knowledge__ In Arabic, its pronunciation differs based on the spoken varieties of Arabic and consequently in its transcription.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ Alfred Matthew \"Weird Al\" Yankovic ( ; born October 23, 1959) is an American singer, songwriter, parodist, record producer, satirist, actor, voice actor, music video director, film producer, and author.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ He is known for his humorous songs that make light of popular culture and often parody specific songs by contemporary musical acts, original songs that are style pastiches of the work of other acts, and polka medleys of several popular songs, featuring his favored instrument, the accordion.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ Since his first-aired comedy song in 1976, he has sold more than 12 million albums (), recorded more than 150 parody and original songs, and has performed more than 1,000 live shows.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ Weird Tales is an American fantasy and horror fiction pulp magazine founded by J. C. Henneberger and J. M. Lansinger in March 1923.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The first editor, Edwin Baird, printed early work by H. P. Lovecraft, Seabury Quinn, and Clark Ashton Smith, all of whom would go on to be popular writers, but within a year the magazine was in financial trouble.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ Henneberger sold his interest in the publisher, Rural Publishing Corporation, to Lansinger and refinanced \"Weird Tales\", with Farnsworth Wright as the new editor.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The first issue under Wright's control was dated November 1924.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The magazine was more successful under Wright, and despite occasional financial setbacks it prospered over the next fifteen years.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Robert Bloch __knowledge__ Robert Albert Bloch (; April 5, 1917 – September 23, 1994) was an American fiction writer, primarily of crime, horror, fantasy and science fiction, from Milwaukee, Wisconsin.", "Robert Bloch __knowledge__ He is best known as the writer of \"Psycho\", the basis for the film of the same name by Alfred Hitchcock.", "Robert Bloch __knowledge__ His fondness for a pun is evident in the titles of his story collections such as \"Tales in a Jugular Vein\", \"Such Stuff as Screams Are Made Of\" and \"Out of the Mouths of Graves\".", "Robert Bloch __knowledge__ Bloch wrote hundreds of short stories and over 30 novels.", "Robert Bloch __knowledge__ He was one of the youngest members of the Lovecraft Circle and began his professional writing career immediately after graduation, aged 17.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Genetic studies on Jews __knowledge__ Genetic studies on Jews are part of the population genetics discipline and are used to better understand the chronology of migration provided by research in other fields, such as history, archaeology, linguistics, and paleontology.", "Genetic studies on Jews __knowledge__ These studies investigate the origins of various Jewish populations today.", "Genetic studies on Jews __knowledge__ In particular, they investigate whether there is a common genetic heritage among various Jewish populations.", "Genetic studies on Jews __knowledge__ Studies of autosomal DNA, which look at the entire DNA mixture, show that Jewish populations have tended to form relatively closely related groups in independent communities, with most in a community sharing significant ancestry and up to 75% Levantine genes.", "Arab citizens of Israel __knowledge__ Arab citizens of Israel or Arab population of Israel are Israeli citizens, whose cultural and linguistic heritage or ethnic identity is Arab.", "Arab citizens of Israel __knowledge__ Many identify as Palestinian and commonly self-designate themselves as Palestinian citizens of Israel.", "Arab citizens of Israel __knowledge__ The traditional vernacular of most Arab citizens, irrespective of religion, is the Palestinian dialect of Arabic.", "Arab citizens of Israel __knowledge__ Most Arab citizens of Israel are functionally bilingual, their second language being Modern Hebrew.", "Arab citizens of Israel __knowledge__ By religious affiliation, most are Muslim, particularly of the Sunni branch of Islam.", "Arab citizens of Israel __knowledge__ There is a significant Arab Christian minority from various denominations as well as the Druze, among other religious communities.", "Palestinians __knowledge__ The Palestinian people (, \"ash-sha‘b al-Filasṭīnī\"), also referred to as Palestinians (, \"al-Filasṭīniyyūn\", ) or Palestinian Arabs (, \"al-'arabi il-filastini\"), are an ethnonational group comprising the modern descendants of the peoples who have lived in Palestine over the centuries, including Jews and Samaritans, and who today are largely culturally and linguistically Arab.", "Palestinians __knowledge__ Despite various wars and exoduses (such as that in 1948), roughly one half of the world's Palestinian population continues to reside in historic Palestine, the area encompassing the West Bank, the Gaza Strip and Israel.", "Palestinians __knowledge__ In this combined area, , Palestinians constituted 49% of all inhabitants, encompassing the entire population of the Gaza Strip (1.865 million), the majority of the population of the West Bank (approximately 2,785,000 versus close to 600,000 Jewish Israeli citizens which includes about 200,000 in East Jerusalem), and 20.8% of the population of Israel proper as Arab citizens of Israel.", "History of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict __knowledge__ The history of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict began with the establishment of the state of Israel in 1948.", "History of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict __knowledge__ This conflict came from the intercommunal violence in Mandatory Palestine between Israelis and Arabs from 1920 and erupted into full-scale hostilities in the 1947–48 civil war.", "History of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict __knowledge__ The conflict continues to the present day on various levels.", "History of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict __knowledge__ Before World War I, the Middle East region, including the Ottoman Syria (the southern part of which are regarded as Palestine), was under the control of the Ottoman Empire for nearly 400 years.", "History of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict __knowledge__ Towards the end of the 19th century, Palestine, which was divided between the Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem, Syria Vilayet and Beirut Vilayet, was inhabited predominantly by Arab Muslims, both farmers and Bedouin (principally in the Negev and Jordan Valley), with smaller numbers of Christians (mostly Arabs), Druze, Circassians and Jews (predominantly Sephardic).", "Berber Revolt __knowledge__ The Great Berber Revolt of 739/740–743 AD (122–125 AH in the Muslim calendar) took place during the reign of the Umayyad Caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik and marked the first successful secession from the Arab caliphate (ruled from Damascus).", "Berber Revolt __knowledge__ Fired up by Kharijite puritan preachers, the Berber revolt against their Umayyad Arab rulers began in Tangiers in 740, and was led initially by Maysara al-Matghari.", "Berber Revolt __knowledge__ The revolt soon spread through the rest of the Maghreb (North Africa) and across the straits to al-Andalus.", "Berber Revolt __knowledge__ The Umayyads scrambled and managed to prevent the core of Ifriqiya (Tunisia, East-Algeria and West-Libya) and al-Andalus (Spain and Portugal) from falling into rebel hands.", "Demographics of the Arab League __knowledge__ The Arab League (League of Arab States) is a social, cultural and economic grouping of 22 Arab states in the Arab world.", "Demographics of the Arab League __knowledge__ As of , the combined population of all the Arab states was around 407 million people.", "Demographics of the Arab League __knowledge__ The most populous Arab League member state is Egypt, with a population of /1e6 round 0 million residents.", "Demographics of the Arab League __knowledge__ Djibouti is the least populated, with around inhabitants.", "Demographics of the Arab League __knowledge__ The population of the Arab League as estimated by the UN in was around 406,691,829.", "Demographics of the Arab League __knowledge__ No exact figures of the League's annual population growth, fertility rate, or mortality rate are known to exist.", "Demographics of the Arab League __knowledge__ Most of the Arab League's population is concentrated in and around major urban areas.", "Causes of the 1948 Palestinian exodus __knowledge__ The causes and explanations of the exodus of Palestinian Arabs that arose during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine and the 1948 Arab–Israeli War are a matter of great controversy between historians, journalists and commentators of the Arab–Israeli conflict.", "Causes of the 1948 Palestinian exodus __knowledge__ In the first decades after the exodus two diametrically opposed schools of analysis could be distinguished.", "Causes of the 1948 Palestinian exodus __knowledge__ In the words of Erskine Childers: \"Israel claims that the Arabs left because they were ordered to, and deliberately incited into panic, by their own leaders who wanted the field cleared for the 1948 war,\" while \"The Arabs charge that their people were evicted at bayonet-point and by panic deliberately incited by the Zionists.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Omar (name) __knowledge__ Omar, Omer, Ömer, \"Umer\" or Umar (), is a male given name of Arabic origin.", "Omar (name) __knowledge__ It is a common name in Arab and Muslim populations in general, as well as in Spanish-speaking countries.", "Omar (name) __knowledge__ In Arabic, its pronunciation differs based on the spoken varieties of Arabic and consequently in its transcription.", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi __knowledge__ Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (, ; 26 October 1919 – 27 July 1980), known as Mohammad Reza Shah (), was the last Shah of Iran from 16 September 1941 until his overthrow by the Iranian Revolution on 11 February 1979.", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi __knowledge__ Mohammad Reza Shah took the title \"Shahanshah\" (\"King of Kings\") on 26 October 1967.", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi __knowledge__ He was the second and last monarch of the House of Pahlavi.", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi __knowledge__ Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi held several other titles, including that of \"Aryamehr\" (\"Light of the Aryans\") and \"Bozorg Arteshtaran\" (\"Commander-in-Chief\").", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi __knowledge__ His dream of what he referred to as a \"Great Civilization\" (Persian: تمدن بزرگ translit.", "Mohammad Reza Pahlavi __knowledge__ \"tamadon-e bozorg\") in Iran led to a rapid industrial and military modernization as well as economic and social reforms.", "English language __knowledge__ English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now the third most widespread native language in the world, after Standard Chinese and Spanish, as well as the most widely spoken Germanic language.", "English language __knowledge__ What is arguably the most striking characteristic of present-day English is that it is spoken by many more non-native speakers than native speakers, which is called \"lingua franca\" uses.", "English language __knowledge__ This use of English as a Lingua Franca, which is a coincidental and unintentional result of English-speaking colonial spread, sets English apart from any other Western European language.", "American and British English spelling differences __knowledge__ Many of the differences between American and British English date back to a time when spelling standards had not yet developed.", "American and British English spelling differences __knowledge__ For instance, some spellings seen as \"American\" today were once commonly used in Britain and some spellings seen as \"British\" were once commonly used in the United States.", "American and British English spelling differences __knowledge__ A \"British standard\" began to emerge following the 1755 publication of Samuel Johnson's \"A Dictionary of the English Language\", and an \"American standard\" started following the work of Noah Webster and in particular his \"An American Dictionary of the English Language\", first published in 1828.", "American and British English spelling differences __knowledge__ Webster's efforts at spelling reform were somewhat effective in his native country, resulting in certain well-known patterns of spelling differences between the American and British varieties of English.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism.", "English orthography __knowledge__ English orthography is the system of writing conventions used to represent spoken English in written form that allows readers to connect spelling to sound to meaning.", "English orthography __knowledge__ Like the orthography of most world languages, English orthography has a broad degree of standardization.", "English orthography __knowledge__ However, unlike with most languages, there are multiple ways to spell nearly every phoneme (sound), and most letters also have multiple pronunciations depending on their position in a word and the context.", "English orthography __knowledge__ Several orthographic mistakes are common even among native speakers.", "English orthography __knowledge__ This is mainly due to the large number of words that have been borrowed from a large number of other languages throughout the history of the English language, without successful attempts at complete spelling reforms.", "Negotiations leading to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action __knowledge__ This article discusses the negotiations between the P5+1 and Iran that led to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action.", "Negotiations leading to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action __knowledge__ The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (), is an agreement signed in Vienna on 14 July 2015 between Iran and the P5+1 (the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council—China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, United States,—plus Germany and the European Union).", "Negotiations leading to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action __knowledge__ The agreement is a comprehensive agreement on the nuclear program of Iran.", "Negotiations leading to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action __knowledge__ The agreement is based on the 24 November 2013 Geneva interim framework agreement, officially titled the Joint Plan of Action (JPA).", "Arabic __knowledge__ Arabic (, ' or ' or ) is a Central Semitic language that first emerged in Iron Age northwestern Arabia and is now the \"lingua franca\" of the Arab world.", "Arabic __knowledge__ It is named after the Arabs, a term initially used to describe peoples living from Mesopotamia in the east to the Anti-Lebanon mountains in the west, in northwestern Arabia, and in the Sinai peninsula.", "Arabic __knowledge__ The modern written language (Modern Standard Arabic) is derived from Classical Arabic.", "Arabic __knowledge__ It is widely taught in schools and universities, and is used to varying degrees in workplaces, government, and the media.", "Arabic __knowledge__ The two formal varieties are grouped together as Literary Arabic (\"fuṣḥā\"), which is the official language of 26 states and the liturgical language of Islam.", "Egyptian Arabic __knowledge__ Egyptian Arabic, locally known as the Egyptian colloquial language or Masri, also spelled Masry, meaning simply \"Egyptian\", is spoken by most contemporary Egyptians.", "Egyptian Arabic __knowledge__ Egyptian is a North African dialect of the Arabic language which is a Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family.", "Egyptian Arabic __knowledge__ It originated in the Nile Delta in Lower Egypt around the capital Cairo.", "Egyptian Arabic __knowledge__ Egyptian Arabic evolved from the Quranic Arabic which was brought to Egypt during the seventh-century AD Muslim conquest that aimed to spread the Islamic faith among the Egyptians.", "Egyptian Arabic __knowledge__ Egyptian Arabic is very highly influenced by the Coptic language which was the native language of the Egyptians prior to the Arab Conquest, and later it had small influences by other languages such as French, Italian, Greek, Turkish and English.", "Arabic grammar __knowledge__ Arabic grammar ( ' or ') is the grammar of the Arabic language.", "Arabic grammar __knowledge__ Arabic is a Semitic language and its grammar has many similarities with the grammar of other Semitic languages.", "Arabic grammar __knowledge__ The article focuses both on the grammar of Literary Arabic (i.e.", "Arabic grammar __knowledge__ Classical Arabic and Modern Standard Arabic, which have largely the same grammar) and of the colloquial spoken varieties of Arabic.", "Arabic grammar __knowledge__ The grammar of the two types is largely similar in its particulars.", "Arabic grammar __knowledge__ Generally, the grammar of Classical Arabic is described first, followed by the areas in which the colloquial variants tend to differ (note that not all colloquial variants have the same grammar).", "Uniform civil code __knowledge__ Uniform civil code is the ongoing point of debate within Indian mandate to replace personal laws based on the scriptures and customs of each major religious community in India with a common set of rules governing every citizen.", "Uniform civil code __knowledge__ Article 44 of the Directive Principles expects the state to apply these while formulating policies for the country.", "Uniform civil code __knowledge__ Apart from being an important issue regarding secularism in India & fundamental right to practice religion contained in Article 25, it became one of the most controversial topics in contemporary politics during the Shah Bano case in 1985.", "Uniform civil code __knowledge__ The debate then focused on the Muslim Personal Law, which is partially based on the Sharia law and remains unreformed since 1937, permitting unilateral divorce, polygamy in the country and putting it among the nations legally applying the Sharia law.", "List of diglossic regions __knowledge__ Diglossia refers to the use of a language community of two languages or dialects, a \"high\" or \"H\" variety restricted to certain formal situations, and a \"low\" or \"L\" variety for everyday interaction.", "List of diglossic regions __knowledge__ This page contains a list of nations, cultures, or other communities which sources describe as featuring a diglossic language situation.", "List of diglossic regions __knowledge__ In the United States, Standard English is considered H while AAVE is considered L. Its pronunciation is, in some respects, common to Southern American English, which is spoken by many African Americans and many non-African Americans in the United States.", "List of diglossic regions __knowledge__ Several creolists, including William Stewart, John Dillard, and John Rickford, argue that AAVE shares so many characteristics with creole dialects spoken by black people in much of the world that AAVE itself is a creole, while others maintain that there are no significant parallels.", "Muslim conquest of Persia __knowledge__ The Muslim conquest of Persia, also known as the \"'Arab conquest of Iran\", led to the end of the Sasanian Empire in 651 and the eventual decline of the Zoroastrian religion in Persia.", "Muslim conquest of Persia __knowledge__ The rise of Muslims coincided with an unprecedented political, social, economic and military weakness in Persia.", "Muslim conquest of Persia __knowledge__ Once a major world power, the Sasanian Empire had exhausted its human and material resources after decades of warfare against the Byzantine Empire.", "Muslim conquest of Persia __knowledge__ The internal political situation quickly deteriorated after the execution of King Khosrow II in 628 AD.", "Muslim conquest of Persia __knowledge__ Subsequently, ten new claimants were enthroned within the next four years." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Omar (name) __knowledge__ Omar, Omer, Ömer, \"Umer\" or Umar (), is a male given name of Arabic origin.", "Omar (name) __knowledge__ It is a common name in Arab and Muslim populations in general, as well as in Spanish-speaking countries.", "Omar (name) __knowledge__ In Arabic, its pronunciation differs based on the spoken varieties of Arabic and consequently in its transcription.", "English language __knowledge__ English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now the third most widespread native language in the world, after Standard Chinese and Spanish, as well as the most widely spoken Germanic language.", "English language __knowledge__ What is arguably the most striking characteristic of present-day English is that it is spoken by many more non-native speakers than native speakers, which is called \"lingua franca\" uses.", "English language __knowledge__ This use of English as a Lingua Franca, which is a coincidental and unintentional result of English-speaking colonial spread, sets English apart from any other Western European language.", "Teaching English as a second or foreign language __knowledge__ Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) refers to teaching the English language to students with different first languages.", "Teaching English as a second or foreign language __knowledge__ TEFL can occur either within the state school system or more privately, at a language school or with a tutor.", "Teaching English as a second or foreign language __knowledge__ TEFL can also take place in an English-speaking country for people who have immigrated there (either temporarily for school or work, or permanently).", "Teaching English as a second or foreign language __knowledge__ TEFL teachers may be native or non-native speakers of English.", "Teaching English as a second or foreign language __knowledge__ Other acronyms for TEFL are TESL (Teaching English as a Second Language), TESOL (Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages), and ESL (English as a second language, a term typically used in English-speaking countries, and more often referring to the learning than the teaching).", "English as a second or foreign language __knowledge__ English as a second or foreign language is the use of English by speakers with different native languages.", "English as a second or foreign language __knowledge__ Instruction for English-language learners may be known as English as a second language (ESL), English as a foreign language (EFL), English as an additional language (EAL), or English for speakers of other languages (ESOL).", "English as a second or foreign language __knowledge__ English as a foreign language (EFL) is used for non-native English speakers learning English in a country where English is not commonly spoken.", "English as a second or foreign language __knowledge__ The term ESL has been seen by some to indicate that English would be of secondary importance.", "English as a second or foreign language __knowledge__ For example, where English is used as a Lingua Franca in a multilingual country.", "Esperanto __knowledge__ Esperanto ( or ; ) is a constructed international auxiliary language.", "Esperanto __knowledge__ With an estimated two million speakers worldwide, it is the most widely spoken constructed language in the world.", "Esperanto __knowledge__ The Polish-Jewish ophthalmologist L. L. Zamenhof published the first book detailing Esperanto, \",\" in Warsaw on .", "Esperanto __knowledge__ The name of Esperanto derives from ' (' translates as \"one who hopes\"), the pseudonym under which Zamenhof published \"Unua Libro\".", "Esperanto __knowledge__ Zamenhof had three goals, as he wrote in \"Unua Libro\": According to the database \"Ethnologue\" (published by the Summer Institute of Linguistics), up to two million people worldwide, to varying degrees, speak Esperanto, including about 1000 to 2000 native speakers who learned Esperanto from birth.", "India as an emerging superpower __knowledge__ The Republic of India is considered as one of the emerging superpowers of the world.", "India as an emerging superpower __knowledge__ This potential is attributed to several indicators, the primary ones being its demographic trends and a rapidly expanding economy and by GDP India became world's fastest growing economy in 2015 with 7.3% GDP rate.", "India as an emerging superpower __knowledge__ The country must overcome many of the economic, social, and political problems before it can be considered a superpower.", "India as an emerging superpower __knowledge__ It is also not yet as influential on the international stage when compared to the United States or the former Soviet Union.", "India as an emerging superpower __knowledge__ India lies in the cultural region of Indian Ocean - a zone with unprecedented potential for growth in the scale of transoceanic commerce, with many Eurasian and increasingly Afro-Asian sea-trade routes passing through or close to Indian territorial waters.", "Languages of the United States __knowledge__ Many languages are used, or historically have been used, in the United States.", "Languages of the United States __knowledge__ Over 500 languages are spoken by the U.S. population.", "Languages of the United States __knowledge__ The most commonly used language is English (specifically, American English), which is the de facto national language of the United States.", "Languages of the United States __knowledge__ Since the 1965 Immigration Act, Spanish is the second most common language in the country.", "Languages of the United States __knowledge__ The state government of Louisiana offers services and documents in French, as does New Mexico in Spanish.", "Languages of the United States __knowledge__ There are many languages indigenous to North America or to U.S. states or holdings in the Pacific region.", "Languages of the United States __knowledge__ Hawaiian, although having few native speakers, is an official language along with English of the state of Hawaii.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ The Romance languages (sometimes called the Romanic languages, Latin languages, or Neo-Latin languages) are the modern languages that evolved from Vulgar Latin between the sixth and ninth centuries and that thus form a branch of the Italic languages within the Indo-European language family.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ Today, around 800 million people are native speakers worldwide, mainly in Europe, Africa and the Americas, but also elsewhere.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ Additionally, the major Romance languages have many non-native speakers and are in widespread use as lingua francas.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ This is especially the case for French, which is in widespread use throughout Central and West Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius and the Maghreb.", "Languages of India __knowledge__ Languages spoken in India belong to several language families, the major ones being the Indo-Aryan languages spoken by 75% of Indians and the Dravidian languages spoken by 20% of Indians.", "Languages of India __knowledge__ Other languages belong to the Austroasiatic, Sino-Tibetan, Tai-Kadai, and a few other minor language families and isolates.", "Languages of India __knowledge__ India (780) has the world's second highest number of languages, after Papua New Guinea (839).", "Languages of India __knowledge__ Article 343 of the Indian constitution states that the official language of the Union government shall become Hindi in Devanagari script instead of the extant English, but is superseded by English subsequently too as mentioned in section 3 of the same constitutional article that is put to effect by .", "Massachusett language __knowledge__ The Massachusett language is an Algonquian language of the Algic language family, formerly spoken by several peoples of eastern coastal and south-eastern Massachusetts and currently, in its revived form, in four communities of Wampanoag people.", "Massachusett language __knowledge__ The language is also known as Natick or Wôpanâak (Wampanoag) and historically as Pokanoket, Indian or Nonantum.", "Massachusett language __knowledge__ The language is most notable for creating a community of literate Indians and for the number of translations of religious texts into the language.", "Massachusett language __knowledge__ John Eliot's translation of the Christian Bible in 1663 using the Natick dialect, known as \"Mamusse Wunneetupanatamwe Up-Biblum God\", was the first printed in the Americas, the first Bible translated by a non-native speaker and one of the earliest example of a Bible translation into a previously unwritten language.", "Indo-European migrations __knowledge__ Indo-European migrations were the migrations of pastoral peoples speaking Proto-Indo-European language, who departed from the Yamnaya and related cultures in the Pontic–Caspian steppe, starting at .", "Indo-European migrations __knowledge__ They spread throughout Europe and Asia, forming new cultures with the people they met on their way, including the Corded Ware culture in Northern Europe and the Vedic culture in India.", "Indo-European migrations __knowledge__ Modern knowledge of these migrations is based on data from linguistics, archaeology, anthropology and genetics.", "Indo-European migrations __knowledge__ Linguistics describes the similarities between various languages, and the linguistic laws at play in the changes in those languages.", "German language __knowledge__ German ( ) is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe.", "German language __knowledge__ It is the most widely spoken and (co-) official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, South Tyrol (Italy), the German-speaking Community of Belgium, and Liechtenstein.", "German language __knowledge__ It is also one of the three official languages of Luxembourg.", "German language __knowledge__ The languages which are most similar to German are the other members of the West Germanic language branch: Afrikaans, Dutch, English, the Frisian languages, Low German/Low Saxon, Luxembourgish, and Yiddish.", "German language __knowledge__ German is the second most widely spoken Germanic language, after English.", "German language __knowledge__ One of the major languages of the world, German is the first language of about 95 million people worldwide and the most widely spoken native language in the European Union." ] ]

[ 2, 39, 11, 30 ]

[ "I know it's common in Arab populations as well as Spanish-spekaing countries; you're the first Omar I've met!", "I guess the pronounciation and spelling differ based on the different varities of spoken Arabic, so there are also Omer and Umar varients. Probably there are many Omars in Israel, which is what part of my lineage is.", "Speaking of languages (kind of), I just learned that English is unique in that it's spoken by many more non-native speakers than native ones, which sets it apart from other Western languages.", "I wish the United States was more open to having more than one language though, since Spance is the second most common language." ]

[ "Omar (name)", "Omar (name)", "Omar (name)", "Omar (name)" ]

[ "Marduk (band)", "Really? That's cool, I've never heard of them before. Are they an old band?", "Wow, have you ever seen them in concert? Are they still around?", "Interesting. How many people are in the band? Is there anything unique about them?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Marduk is a black metal band from Norrköping, Sweden.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ The band formed in 1990 and released their first album in 1992.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Their name is derived from the Babylonian god Marduk, patron deity of Babylon.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Marduk was formed by Morgan Steinmeyer Håkansson in order to form the \"most blasphemous band in the world\".", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Their musical style was that of a straightforward death metal influenced take on black metal music, but as the years progressed their style and imagery became more of a fast and intense form of black metal.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Marduk's predominant lyrical topics are Satanism, anti-Christianity, Biblical tales, death, Third Reich history, and World War II.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ The latter two are a later addition to their lyrical/conceptual themes, stemming from their 1999 release \"Panzer Division Marduk\".", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Marduk have recorded further songs relating to those chapters of human history, such as \"The Hangman of Prague\" (moniker of Reinhard Heydrich - second in command of the SS - in his capacity as the \"de facto\" Reichsprotektor of Bohemia and Moravia), \"Night of the Long Knives\", \"Deathmarch\" and others.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ In a 1995 fanzine interview, the guitarist named Håkansson spoke out against immigration to Sweden in the name of the band and said he was proud that his grandfather had served as a German officer during the Second World War." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Marduk is a black metal band from Norrköping, Sweden.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ The band formed in 1990 and released their first album in 1992.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Their name is derived from the Babylonian god Marduk, patron deity of Babylon.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Marduk was formed by Morgan Steinmeyer Håkansson in order to form the \"most blasphemous band in the world\".", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Their musical style was that of a straightforward death metal influenced take on black metal music, but as the years progressed their style and imagery became more of a fast and intense form of black metal.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Marduk's predominant lyrical topics are Satanism, anti-Christianity, Biblical tales, death, Third Reich history, and World War II.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ The latter two are a later addition to their lyrical/conceptual themes, stemming from their 1999 release \"Panzer Division Marduk\".", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Marduk have recorded further songs relating to those chapters of human history, such as \"The Hangman of Prague\" (moniker of Reinhard Heydrich - second in command of the SS - in his capacity as the \"de facto\" Reichsprotektor of Bohemia and Moravia), \"Night of the Long Knives\", \"Deathmarch\" and others.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ In a 1995 fanzine interview, the guitarist named Håkansson spoke out against immigration to Sweden in the name of the band and said he was proud that his grandfather had served as a German officer during the Second World War.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ Petra is a music group regarded as a pioneer of the Christian rock and contemporary Christian music genres.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ Formed in 1972, the band took its name from the Greek word for \"rock\".", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ Though it disbanded formally in 2006, incarnations have played reunion shows in the years since and released an album in November 2010.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ In 2013, it reformed with a new drummer, Cristian Borneo, and recorded a new song titled \"Holy is Your Name\", before going back on tour.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ With a style initially similar to The Eagles and Lynyrd Skynyrd, Petra's sound evolved into a more energetic, driving rock sound in the early 1980s akin to Foreigner, Styx and Journey.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses, often abbreviated as GNR, is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1985.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ The lineup, when first signed to Geffen Records in 1986, consisted of vocalist Axl Rose, lead guitarist Slash, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin, bassist Duff McKagan, and drummer Steven Adler.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses has released six studio albums, accumulating sales of more than 100 million records worldwide, including 45 million in the United States, making them the 41st best-selling artist of all time.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses' debut album, \"Appetite for Destruction\" (1987), reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 a year after its release, on the strength of \"Sweet Child o' Mine\", the band's only single to reach number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is seen by many as 'America's classical music'.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Since the 1920s Jazz Age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression.", "Jazz __knowledge__ It then emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African-American and European-American musical parentage with a performance orientation.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation.", "The Kinks __knowledge__ The Kinks were an English rock band formed in Muswell Hill, North London, in 1964 by brothers Ray and Dave Davies.", "The Kinks __knowledge__ They are regarded as one of the most important and influential rock bands of the 1960s.", "The Kinks __knowledge__ The band emerged during the height of British rhythm and blues and Merseybeat, and were briefly part of the British Invasion of the United States until their touring ban in 1965.", "The Kinks __knowledge__ Their third single, the Ray Davies-penned \"You Really Got Me\", became an international hit, topping the charts in the United Kingdom and reaching the Top 10 in the United States.", "The Kinks __knowledge__ Their music was influenced by a wide range of genres, including rhythm and blues, British music hall, folk and country.", "List of Scott Pilgrim characters __knowledge__ This article is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series \"Scott Pilgrim\" and the film adaptation \"Scott Pilgrim Vs.", "List of Scott Pilgrim characters __knowledge__ The World\" by Bryan Lee O'Malley.", "List of Scott Pilgrim characters __knowledge__ For the film versions of the characters, O'Malley sent crib sheets that explained backstory, character motivations, and events in the book to Michael Bacall and Edgar Wright.", "List of Scott Pilgrim characters __knowledge__ Bacall then created a list of \"ten secret things\" for each character, according to O'Malley, for fun, and many of the entries were jokes: O'Malley said that the \"ten secret things\" documents were not intended to be taken seriously as character background.", "List of Scott Pilgrim characters __knowledge__ O'Malley created a height chart for the characters, printed in Volume 1, but said \"it’s not really canon, and I never did one again, and the heights were always very inconsistent.\"", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer, musician, and actor.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the \"King of Rock and Roll\" or simply \"the King\".", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a pioneer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics are the words used in songs by heavy metal artists.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Given that there are many genres of heavy metal, it is difficult to make generalizations about the lyrics and lyrical themes.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ In 1989, two metal scholars wrote that heavy metal lyrics concentrate \"on dark and depressing subject matter to an extent hitherto unprecedented\" in any form of popular music.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Jeffrey Arnett states that metal songs are \"overwhelmingly dominated\" by \"ugly and unhappy\" themes which express \"no hope\" for the future.", "Heavy metal lyrics __knowledge__ Deena Weinstein has proposed one way to analyze metal song themes is loosely grouping them into two categories: the Dionysian theme (a reference to the Roman God of wine), which celebrates \"sex, drugs and rock and roll\", partying, and enjoyment of life and the Chaotic theme, which involves dark subjects such as Hell, injustice, mayhem, carnage and death.", "Poseur __knowledge__ A \"poseur\" (or \"poser\") is someone who \"poses for effect, or behaves affectedly\", who \"affects a particular attitude, character or manner to impress others\", or who pretends to belong to a particular group.", "Poseur __knowledge__ A poseur may be a \"person who pretends to be what he or she is not\" or an \"insincere person\"; they may have a flair for drama or behave as if they are onstage in daily life.", "Poseur __knowledge__ \"Poseuse\", the feminine version of the word, is sometimes used.", "Poseur __knowledge__ \"Poseur\" or \"poseuse\" is also used to mean a person who poses for an artist—a painter's model.", "Poseur __knowledge__ The playwright Oscar Wilde has been described as a \"poseur\".", "Poseur __knowledge__ Thomas Hardy said of him, \"His early reputation as a poseur and fop – so necessary to his notoriety – recoiled upon the scholar and gentleman (as Wilde always innately was), and even upon the artist\".", "Daniel Rostén __knowledge__ Daniel Rostén is a Swedish black metal vocalist, guitarist, and bassist, known as the frontman for Funeral Mist and singer/guitarist of Triumphator under the stage name Arioch, and for having been the vocalist for renowned Swedish black metal band Marduk since 2004 under the stage name Mortuus.", "Daniel Rostén __knowledge__ He also runs a graphic design company called Holy Poison Design.", "Daniel Rostén __knowledge__ Arioch joined Funeral Mist as bassist in the summer of 1994, before the band's first demo recordings.", "Daniel Rostén __knowledge__ He leads the band since all old members left, and recorded the second demo \"Havoc\" in summer/autumn 1996 with the new drummer Necromorbus (Tore Stjerna).", "Panzer Division Marduk __knowledge__ Panzer Division Marduk is the sixth studio album by Swedish black metal band Marduk.", "Panzer Division Marduk __knowledge__ It was recorded and mixed at The Abyss in January 1999 and released in June 1999 by Osmose Productions.", "Panzer Division Marduk __knowledge__ The theme of the album is war, as \"Nightwing\" was blood, and \"La Grande Danse Macabre\" (the band's next studio album) would be death, forming a trilogy of \"Blood, War and Death\", Marduk's vision of what black metal is, unending grimness.", "Panzer Division Marduk __knowledge__ \"Panzer Division Marduk\" was the last Marduk release by Osmose Productions.", "Panzer Division Marduk __knowledge__ The original album cover features a photo of the Swedish version (Stridsvagn 104) of the British Centurion Mk5 tank.", "Black metal __knowledge__ Black metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music.", "Black metal __knowledge__ Common traits include fast tempos, a shrieking vocal style, heavily distorted guitars played with tremolo picking, raw (lo-fi) recording, unconventional song structures, and an emphasis on atmosphere.", "Black metal __knowledge__ Artists often appear in corpse paint and adopt pseudonyms.", "Black metal __knowledge__ During the 1980s, several thrash and death metal bands formed a prototype for black metal.", "Black metal __knowledge__ This so-called first wave included bands such as Venom, Bathory, Mercyful Fate, Hellhammer and Celtic Frost.", "Black metal __knowledge__ A second wave arose in the early-1990s, spearheaded by Norwegian bands such as Mayhem, Darkthrone, Burzum, Immortal, Emperor, Satyricon and Gorgoroth.", "Craig Marduk __knowledge__ Craig Marduk was an Australian undefeated Vale Tudo fighter for four years, but when he was involved in a minor scandal, his sponsors were glad to release him.", "Craig Marduk __knowledge__ He had been living around the world in such countries like New Zealand, Japan, Thailand, and Brazil before eventually expatriating to the United States.", "Craig Marduk __knowledge__ He was imprisoned in Arizona for accidentally killing someone during a bar fight.", "Craig Marduk __knowledge__ Marduk was suddenly released thanks to an anonymous benefactor.", "Craig Marduk __knowledge__ Upon his release he received a mysterious package containing a newspaper clipping regarding The King of Iron Fist Tournament 4 and an airline ticket.", "Akitu __knowledge__ Akitu or Akitum (Sumerian: , \"akiti-šekinku\", ,  \"the barley-cutting\", \"akiti-šununum\",  \"barley-sowing\"; Akkadian: ' or ', \"head of the year\") was a spring festival in ancient Mesopotamia.The Babylonian Akitu festival has played a pivotal role in the development of theories of religion, myth and ritual, yet the purpose of the festival remains a point of contention among both historians of religion and Assyriologists.", "Akitu __knowledge__ The name is from the Sumerian for \"barley\", originally marking two festivals celebrating the beginning of each of the two half-years of the Sumerian calendar, marking the sowing of barley in autumn and the cutting of barley in spring." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Marduk is a black metal band from Norrköping, Sweden.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ The band formed in 1990 and released their first album in 1992.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Their name is derived from the Babylonian god Marduk, patron deity of Babylon.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Marduk was formed by Morgan Steinmeyer Håkansson in order to form the \"most blasphemous band in the world\".", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Their musical style was that of a straightforward death metal influenced take on black metal music, but as the years progressed their style and imagery became more of a fast and intense form of black metal.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Marduk's predominant lyrical topics are Satanism, anti-Christianity, Biblical tales, death, Third Reich history, and World War II.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ The latter two are a later addition to their lyrical/conceptual themes, stemming from their 1999 release \"Panzer Division Marduk\".", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Marduk have recorded further songs relating to those chapters of human history, such as \"The Hangman of Prague\" (moniker of Reinhard Heydrich - second in command of the SS - in his capacity as the \"de facto\" Reichsprotektor of Bohemia and Moravia), \"Night of the Long Knives\", \"Deathmarch\" and others.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ In a 1995 fanzine interview, the guitarist named Håkansson spoke out against immigration to Sweden in the name of the band and said he was proud that his grandfather had served as a German officer during the Second World War.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "When the World Is Running Down, You Make the Best of What's Still Around __knowledge__ \"When the World Is Running Down, You Make the Best of What's Still Around\" is a song written by Sting that was first released by The Police on their 1980 album \"Zenyatta Mondatta\".", "When the World Is Running Down, You Make the Best of What's Still Around __knowledge__ A medley of \"When the World Is Running Down, You Make the Best of What's Still Around\" with another song from \"Zenyatta Mondatta\", \"Voices Inside My Head\", reached No.", "When the World Is Running Down, You Make the Best of What's Still Around __knowledge__ 3 on the \"Billboard\" Dance Music/Club Play Singles chart in 1981.", "When the World Is Running Down, You Make the Best of What's Still Around __knowledge__ In 2000, a remix version credited to Different Gear versus the Police reached No.", "When the World Is Running Down, You Make the Best of What's Still Around __knowledge__ 28 on the UK charts.", "When the World Is Running Down, You Make the Best of What's Still Around __knowledge__ \"When the World Is Running Down, You Make the Best of What's Still Around\" was one of Sting's earliest attempts at a song whose lyrics deal with concerns of the outside world rather than just his own issues.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Serbian rock is the rock music scene of Serbia.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ During the 1960s, 1970s and the 1980s, while Serbia was a constituent republic of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Serbian rock scene was a part of the SFR Yugoslav rock scene.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was not an Eastern Bloc country, but a member of the Non-Aligned Movement and as such, it was far more opened to the Western culture comparing to the other socialist countries.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll reached Yugoslavia via foreign radio stations, most notably Radio Luxemburg, and rock and roll records, brought in from the West.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll influences reached schlager singers, most notably Đorđe Marjanović, who released the first popular music solo album in Serbia, in 1959.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "ABBA __knowledge__ ABBA () were a Swedish pop group, formed in Stockholm in 1972 by Agnetha Fältskog, Björn Ulvaeus, Benny Andersson, and Anni-Frid Lyngstad: the group name derives from the first letter in each of their names.", "ABBA __knowledge__ They became one of the most commercially successful acts in the history of popular music, topping the charts worldwide from 1974 to 1982.", "ABBA __knowledge__ ABBA won the Eurovision Song Contest 1974 at The Dome in Brighton, UK, giving Sweden its first triumph in the contest.", "ABBA __knowledge__ They are the most successful group to have taken part in the competition.", "ABBA __knowledge__ ABBA are estimated to have sold 340 to over 500 million records, making them one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, songwriter, and dancer.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"King of Pop\", he was one of the most popular entertainers in the world, and was the best-selling music artist during the year of his death.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ Jackson's contributions to music, dance, and fashion along with his publicized personal life made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ The eighth child of the Jackson family, Michael made his professional debut in 1964 with his elder brothers Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, and Marlon as a member of the Jackson 5.", "Michael Jackson __knowledge__ He began his solo career in 1971 while at Motown Records.", "Popular music of Birmingham __knowledge__ Birmingham's culture of popular music first developed in the mid-1950s.", "Popular music of Birmingham __knowledge__ By the early 1960s the city's music scene had emerged as one of the largest and most vibrant in the country; a \"seething cauldron of musical activity\", with over 500 bands constantly exchanging members and performing regularly across a well-developed network of venues and promoters.", "Popular music of Birmingham __knowledge__ By 1963 the city's music was also already becoming recognised for what would become its defining characteristic: the refusal of its musicians to conform to any single style or genre.", "Popular music of Birmingham __knowledge__ Birmingham's tradition of combining a highly collaborative culture with an open acceptance of individualism and experimentation dates back as far back as the 18th century, and musically this has expressed itself in the wide variety of music produced within the city, often by closely related groups of musicians, from the \"rampant eclecticism\" of the Brum beat era, to the city's \"infamously fragmented\" post-punk scene, to the \"astonishing range\" of distinctive and radical electronic music produced in the city from the 1980s to the early 21st century.", "MC Hammer __knowledge__ Stanley Kirk Burrell (born March 30, 1962), better known by his stage name MC Hammer, is an American hip hop recording artist, dancer, record producer and entrepreneur.", "MC Hammer __knowledge__ He had his greatest commercial success and popularity from the late 1980s, until the early 1990s.", "MC Hammer __knowledge__ Remembered for his rapid rise to fame, Hammer is known for hit records (such as \"U Can't Touch This\" and \"2 Legit 2 Quit\"), flashy dance movements, choreography and eponymous Hammer pants.", "MC Hammer __knowledge__ A multi-award winner, M.C.", "MC Hammer __knowledge__ Hammer is considered a \"forefather/pioneer\" and innovator of pop rap (incorporating elements of ), and is the first hip hop artist to achieve diamond status for an album.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ Black Sabbath were an English rock band, formed in Birmingham in 1968, by guitarist and main songwriter Tony Iommi, bassist and main lyricist Geezer Butler, singer Ozzy Osbourne, and drummer Bill Ward.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ Black Sabbath are often cited as pioneers of heavy metal music.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ The band helped define the genre with releases such as \"Black Sabbath\" (1970), \"Paranoid\" (1970) and \"Master of Reality\" (1971).", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ The band had multiple line-up changes, with Iommi being the only constant member throughout its history.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ Formed in 1968 as the Polka Tulk Blues Band, a blues rock band, the group went through line up changes, renamed themselves as Earth, broke up and reformed." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Marduk is a black metal band from Norrköping, Sweden.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ The band formed in 1990 and released their first album in 1992.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Their name is derived from the Babylonian god Marduk, patron deity of Babylon.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Marduk was formed by Morgan Steinmeyer Håkansson in order to form the \"most blasphemous band in the world\".", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Their musical style was that of a straightforward death metal influenced take on black metal music, but as the years progressed their style and imagery became more of a fast and intense form of black metal.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Marduk's predominant lyrical topics are Satanism, anti-Christianity, Biblical tales, death, Third Reich history, and World War II.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ The latter two are a later addition to their lyrical/conceptual themes, stemming from their 1999 release \"Panzer Division Marduk\".", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ Marduk have recorded further songs relating to those chapters of human history, such as \"The Hangman of Prague\" (moniker of Reinhard Heydrich - second in command of the SS - in his capacity as the \"de facto\" Reichsprotektor of Bohemia and Moravia), \"Night of the Long Knives\", \"Deathmarch\" and others.", "Marduk (band) __knowledge__ In a 1995 fanzine interview, the guitarist named Håkansson spoke out against immigration to Sweden in the name of the band and said he was proud that his grandfather had served as a German officer during the Second World War.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "The Union of Crowns __knowledge__ The Union of Crowns is the second studio album from British metalcore band Bury Tomorrow.", "The Union of Crowns __knowledge__ The album was released on 13 July 2012 on Nuclear Blast.", "The Union of Crowns __knowledge__ It recorded within the first few months of 2012.", "The Union of Crowns __knowledge__ The album released was delayed several time by the band in attempt to find a record label who could provide international distribution simultaneously.", "The Union of Crowns __knowledge__ The album received mixed to positive reception from critics.", "The Union of Crowns __knowledge__ With critics primarily praising the album song writing and sonic improvement from the band's predecessor, \"Portraits\", negative criticism stemmed from its lack of innovation and the album's sometimes considered excessive length.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Smile (sometimes stylized as SMiLE) was a projected album by American rock band the Beach Boys intended to follow their 11th studio album, \"Pet Sounds\" (1966).", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ After bandleader Brian Wilson abandoned large portions of music recorded over a ten-month period, the band substituted its release with \"Smiley Smile\" (1967), an album containing stripped-down remakes of some \"Smile\" material.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Some of the original \"Smile\" tracks eventually found their way onto subsequent Beach Boys' studio and compilation albums.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ As more fans learned of the project's origins, details of its recordings acquired considerable mystique, and it was later acknowledged as the most legendary unreleased album in the history of popular music.", "Yaroslavl __knowledge__ Yaroslavl () is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located northeast of Moscow.", "Yaroslavl __knowledge__ The historic part of the city, a World Heritage Site, is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Kotorosl Rivers.", "Yaroslavl __knowledge__ It is one of the Golden Ring cities, a group of historic cities northeast of Moscow that have played an important role in Russian history.", "Yaroslavl __knowledge__ Population: The city lies in the eastern portion of Yaroslavl Oblast.", "Yaroslavl __knowledge__ The nearest large towns are Tutayev ( to the northwest), Gavrilov-Yam ( to the south), and Nerekhta ( to the southeast).", "Yaroslavl __knowledge__ The historic center of Yaroslavl lies to the north of the mouth of the Kotorosl River on the right bank of the larger Volga River.", "The Middle East (band) __knowledge__ The Middle East was a band based in Townsville in Queensland, Australia.", "The Middle East (band) __knowledge__ Forming in 2005, the group played locally intitially but grew to become a national and internationally touring band.", "The Middle East (band) __knowledge__ The band's name has no particular significance - it was coined for a show poster of the then temporary project, after co-frontman Rohin Jones watched a documentary on Yasser Arafat.", "The Middle East (band) __knowledge__ In early 2008 the band released an album called \"The Recordings of The Middle East\" before splitting up.", "The Middle East (band) __knowledge__ Eight months after this decision was made, band members reconvened and later re-released an abridged version of the debut album, \"The Recordings of the Middle East\" as an EP in May 2009 through Spunk Records in Australia.", "Down to Earth (Rainbow album) __knowledge__ Down to Earth is the fourth studio album by the British hard rock band Rainbow.", "Down to Earth (Rainbow album) __knowledge__ It is their last album to feature drummer Cozy Powell and their only album with vocalist Graham Bonnet.", "Down to Earth (Rainbow album) __knowledge__ Released in 1979, it contains Rainbow's first hit single \"Since You Been Gone\", marking a more commercial direction of the band's sound.", "Down to Earth (Rainbow album) __knowledge__ The writing of \"Down to Earth\" began at Ritchie Blackmore's house in Connecticut in December 1978.", "Down to Earth (Rainbow album) __knowledge__ By that time, he had dismissed both bassist Bob Daisley and keyboard player David Stone soon after singer Ronnie James Dio quit the band.", "Down to Earth (Rainbow album) __knowledge__ Blackmore had already recruited his old Deep Purple bandmate Roger Glover as producer and started auditioning musicians for the vacant slots in the band, while songwriting progressed with Blackmore, Cozy Powell and session musician Clive Chaman on bass.", "Marching band __knowledge__ A marching band is a group in which instrumental musicians perform while marching, often for entertainment or competition.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Instrumentation typically includes brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most marching bands wear a uniform, often of a military style, that includes an associated school or organization's colors, name or symbol.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most high school marching bands, and some college marching bands, are accompanied by a color guard, a group of performers who add a visual interpretation to the music through the use of props, most often flags and rifles.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Marching bands are generally categorized by function, size, age, gender, instrumentation, marching style, and type of show they perform.", "Cyrus Cylinder __knowledge__ The Cyrus Cylinder () or Cyrus Charter ( \"\") is an ancient clay cylinder, now broken into several pieces, on which is written a declaration in Akkadian cuneiform script in the name of Persia's Achaemenid king Cyrus the Great.", "Cyrus Cylinder __knowledge__ It dates from the 6th century BC and was discovered in the ruins of Babylon in Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) in 1879.", "Cyrus Cylinder __knowledge__ It is currently in the possession of the British Museum, which sponsored the expedition that discovered the cylinder.", "Cyrus Cylinder __knowledge__ It was created and used as a foundation deposit following the Persian conquest of Babylon in 539 BC, when the Neo-Babylonian Empire was invaded by Cyrus and incorporated into his Persian Empire.", "Babylonia __knowledge__ Babylonia was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq).", "Babylonia __knowledge__ A small Amorite-ruled state emerged in 1894 BC, which contained the minor administrative town of Babylon.", "Babylonia __knowledge__ It was a merely a small provincial town during the Akkadian Empire (2335–2154 BC) but greatly expanded during the reign of Hammurabi in the first half of the 18th century BC and became a major capital city.", "Babylonia __knowledge__ During the reign of Hammurabi and afterwards, Babylonia was called \"the country of Akkad\" (\"Māt Akkadī\" in Akkadian).", "Babylonia __knowledge__ It was often involved in rivalry with the older state of Assyria to the north and Elam to the east in Ancient Iran.", "Babylon __knowledge__ Babylon ( ; Aramaic: בבל, \"Babel\"; , \"Bābil\"; , \"Bavel\"; , \"Bāwēl\") was a key kingdom in ancient Mesopotamia from the 18th to 6th centuries BCE.", "Babylon __knowledge__ The city was built on the Euphrates river and divided in equal parts along its left and right banks, with steep embankments to contain the river's seasonal floods.", "Babylon __knowledge__ Babylon was originally a small Akkadian town dating from the period of the Akkadian Empire .", "Babylon __knowledge__ The town became part of a small independent city-state with the rise of the First Amorite Babylonian Dynasty in the nineteenth century BC.", "Babylon __knowledge__ After the Amorite king Hammurabi created a short-lived empire in the 18th century BC, he built Babylon up into a major city and declared himself its king, and southern Mesopotamia became known as Babylonia and Babylon eclipsed Nippur as its holy city.", "Cyrus the Great __knowledge__ Cyrus II of Persia ( \"Kūruš\"; New Persian: \"Kuruš\"; ; (c. 600 – 530 BC), commonly known as Cyrus the Great  and also called Cyrus the Elder by the Greeks, was the founder of Achaemenid Empire, the first Persian Empire.", "Cyrus the Great __knowledge__ Under his rule, the empire embraced all the previous civilized states of the ancient Near East, expanded vastly and eventually conquered most of Southwest Asia and much of Central Asia and the Caucasus.", "Cyrus the Great __knowledge__ From the Mediterranean Sea and Hellespont in the west to the Indus River in the east, Cyrus the Great created the largest empire the world had yet seen.", "Cyrus the Great __knowledge__ Under his successors, the empire eventually stretched at its maximum extent from parts of the Balkans (Bulgaria-Paeonia and Thrace-Macedonia) and Eastern Europe proper in the west, to the Indus Valley in the east.", "Hammurabi __knowledge__ Hammurabi () was the sixth king of the First Babylonian Dynasty, reigning from 1792 BC to 1750 BC (according to the Middle Chronology).", "Hammurabi __knowledge__ He was preceded by his father, Sin-Muballit, who abdicated due to failing health.", "Hammurabi __knowledge__ During his reign, he conquered the city-states of Elam, Larsa, Eshnunna, and Mari.", "Hammurabi __knowledge__ He ousted Ishme-Dagan I, the king of Assyria, and forced his son Mut-Ashkur to pay tribute, thereby bringing almost all of Mesopotamia under Babylonian rule.", "Hammurabi __knowledge__ Hammurabi is best known for having issued the Code of Hammurabi, which he claimed to have received from Shamash, the Babylonian god of justice.", "Timeline of the Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ The timeline of the Assyrian Empire lists the kings, their successors and the major events that occurred in the Assyrian history.", "Timeline of the Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ Although regarded as an Amorite by Assyrian tradition, Shamshi-Adad's descent is suggested to be from the same line as the native Assyrian ruler Ushpia by the Assyrian King List.", "Timeline of the Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ He put his son Ishme-Dagan on the throne of a nearby Assyrian city, Ekallatum, and maintained Assyria's Anatolian colonies.", "Timeline of the Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ Shamshi-Adad I then went on to conquer the kingdom of Mari (in modern Syria) on the Euphrates putting another of his sons, Yasmah-Adad on the throne there.", "Timeline of the Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ He also incorporated the hitherto nominally independent city of Shemshara into Assyria proper during this time.", "Chaldea __knowledge__ Chaldea () or Chaldaea was a Semitic-speaking nation which existed between the late 10th or early 9th and mid-6th centuries BC, after which it and its people were absorbed and assimilated into Babylonia.", "Chaldea __knowledge__ It was located in the marshy land of the far southeastern corner of Mesopotamia and briefly came to rule Babylon.", "Chaldea __knowledge__ During a period of weakness in the East Semitic speaking kingdom of Babylonia, new tribes of West Semitic-speaking migrants arrived in the region from the Levant between the 11th and 9th centuries BC.", "Chaldea __knowledge__ The earliest waves consisted of Suteans and Arameans, followed a century or so later by the \"Kaldu\", a group who became known later as the \"Chaldeans\" or the \"Chaldees\"." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 6 ]

[ "I like to listen to the metal band Marduk. They are from Norrkoping, Sweden.", "They were formed in 1990 and released the first album in 1992.", "They are still playing but I have never seen them in concert. They are named from the Babylonian god of Babylon.", "There are 3 members of the band. They like to sing about Satanism and Biblical tales." ]

[ "Marduk (band)", "Marduk (band)", "Marduk (band)", "Marduk (band)" ]

[ "Star Trek", "I love Star Trek! Have you seen the movies?", "Oh wow, that's an older movie. I've only seen the newer ones hahaha. I think I was too young for the TV show and the older movies.", "Wow, yup. Definitely too long ago for me. I've seen Star Trek Beyond." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American media franchise based on the science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The first television series, simply called \"Star Trek\" and now referred to as \"\"\"\", debuted in 1966 and aired for three seasons on the television network NBC.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ It followed the interstellar adventures of Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner) and his crew aboard the starship USS \"Enterprise\", a space exploration vessel, built by the United Federation of Planets in the twenty-third century.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The \"Star Trek\" canon of the franchise includes \"The Original Series\", an animated series, five spin-off television series, the film franchise, and further adaptations in several media.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ In creating \"Star Trek\", Roddenberry was inspired by the Horatio Hornblower novels, the satirical book \"Gulliver's Travels\", and by works of western genre such as the television series \"Wagon Train\".", "Star Trek __knowledge__ These adventures continued in the short-lived \"\" and six feature films.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Four spin-off television series were eventually produced: \"\" followed the crew of a new starship \"Enterprise\" set a century after the original series; \"\" and \"\" set contemporaneously with \"The Next Generation\"; and \"\" set before the original series in the early days of human interstellar travel." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American media franchise based on the science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The first television series, simply called \"Star Trek\" and now referred to as \"\"\"\", debuted in 1966 and aired for three seasons on the television network NBC.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ It followed the interstellar adventures of Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner) and his crew aboard the starship USS \"Enterprise\", a space exploration vessel, built by the United Federation of Planets in the twenty-third century.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The \"Star Trek\" canon of the franchise includes \"The Original Series\", an animated series, five spin-off television series, the film franchise, and further adaptations in several media.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ In creating \"Star Trek\", Roddenberry was inspired by the Horatio Hornblower novels, the satirical book \"Gulliver's Travels\", and by works of western genre such as the television series \"Wagon Train\".", "Star Trek __knowledge__ These adventures continued in the short-lived \"\" and six feature films.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Four spin-off television series were eventually produced: \"\" followed the crew of a new starship \"Enterprise\" set a century after the original series; \"\" and \"\" set contemporaneously with \"The Next Generation\"; and \"\" set before the original series in the early days of human interstellar travel.", "Cultural influence of Star Trek __knowledge__ The original series, which aired in the late 1960s, has since spawned six successor series and thirteen movies , a plethora of merchandise, and a multibillion-dollar industry collectively known as the \"Star Trek\" franchise.", "Cultural influence of Star Trek __knowledge__ The franchise is owned by CBS Television Studios, which now owns television properties previously held by Paramount Pictures, the studio that produced \"Star Trek\" for many decades; CBS Paramount continues to hold DVD rights to the TV series, and the rights to produce feature films.", "Cultural influence of Star Trek __knowledge__ Two films, \"Galaxy Quest\" and \"Free Enterprise\", and a television series, \"The Orville\", have been inspired by the cultural influence of \"Star Trek\".", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry that follows the adventures of the starship and its crew.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ It later acquired the retronym of Star Trek: The Original Series (Star Trek: TOS or simply TOS) to distinguish the show within the media franchise that it began.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ The show is set in the Milky Way galaxy, roughly during the 2260s.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ The ship and crew are led by Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner), first officer and science officer Spock (Leonard Nimoy), and chief medical officer Leonard McCoy (DeForest Kelley).", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ Shatner's voice-over introduction during each episode's opening credits stated the starship's purpose: The series was produced from September 1966 to December 1967 by Norway Productions and Desilu Productions, and by Paramount Television from January 1968 to June 1969.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ Star Trek is a 2009 American science fiction adventure film directed by J. J. Abrams and written by Roberto Orci and Alex Kurtzman.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ It is the eleventh film in the \"Star Trek\" film franchise, and is also a reboot that features the main characters of the portrayed by a new cast, as the first in the rebooted film series.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ The film follows James T. Kirk (Chris Pine) and Spock (Zachary Quinto) aboard USS \"Enterprise\" as they combat Nero (Eric Bana), a Romulan from their future who threatens the United Federation of Planets.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ The story takes place in an alternate reality because of time travel by both Nero and the original Spock (Leonard Nimoy).", "Star Trek: First Contact __knowledge__ Star Trek: First Contact is a 1996 American science fiction film directed by Jonathan Frakes in his directorial debut, and based on the franchise of the same name created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek: First Contact __knowledge__ It is the eighth film in the \"Star Trek\" film series, as well as the second to star the cast of the series \"\".", "Star Trek: First Contact __knowledge__ In the film, the crew of the USS \"Enterprise\"-E travel back in time to the mid 21st-century in order to stop the cybernetic Borg from conquering Earth by changing the past.", "Star Trek: First Contact __knowledge__ After the release of the seventh film, \"Star Trek Generations\" (1994), Paramount Pictures tasked writers Brannon Braga and Ronald D. Moore with developing the next film in the series.", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ Star Trek: The Motion Picture is a 1979 American science fiction film directed by Robert Wise and based on the created by Gene Roddenberry, who also served as its producer.", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ It is the first installment in the \"Star Trek\" film series, and stars the cast of the original television series.", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ The film is set in the twenty-third century, when a mysterious and immensely powerful alien cloud known as V'Ger approaches Earth, destroying everything in its path.", "Star Trek: The Motion Picture __knowledge__ Admiral James T. Kirk (William Shatner) assumes command of the recently refitted Starship USS \"Enterprise\", to lead it on a mission to save the planet and determine VGers origins.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ William Shatner (born March 22, 1931) is a Canadian actor, author, producer, and director.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ In his seven decades of television, Shatner became a cultural icon for his portrayal of James T. Kirk, captain of the USS \"Enterprise\", in the \"Star Trek\" franchise.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ He has written a series of books chronicling his experiences playing Captain Kirk and being a part of \"Star Trek\", and has co-written several novels set in the \"Star Trek\" universe.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ He has written a series of science fiction novels called \"TekWar\" that were adapted for television.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ Shatner also played the eponymous veteran police sergeant in \"T.J. Hooker\" (1982–86) and hosted the reality-based television series \"Rescue 911\" (1989–96), which won a People's Choice Award for the Favorite New TV Dramatic Series.", "Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country __knowledge__ Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country is a 1991 American science fiction film released by Paramount Pictures.", "Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country __knowledge__ It is the sixth feature film based on \"Star Trek\", and a sequel to the 1966–1969 \"\" television series.", "Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country __knowledge__ Taking place after the events of \"\", it is the last film featuring the entire cast of .", "Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country __knowledge__ After the destruction of the Klingon moon Praxis leads the Klingon Empire to pursue peace with their long-time adversary the Federation, the crew of the USS \"Enterprise\" must race against unseen conspirators with a militaristic agenda.", "Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country __knowledge__ The sixth film in the series was initially planned as a prequel to the original series, with younger actors portraying the crew of the \"Enterprise\" while attending Starfleet Academy, but the idea was discarded because of negative reaction from the original cast and the fans.", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ \"The Last Voyage of the Starship \"Enterprise\"\" is a comedy sketch that first aired on May 29, 1976, during episode 22 of the first season of the NBC variety show, \"Saturday Night Live\".", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ The twelve-minute sketch was written by Michael O'Donoghue during a month-long process consulting with actor John Belushi.", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ The sketch is a satire of the 1969 cancellation of \"\".", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ The set design featured an effective replica of the bridge of the U.S.S \"Enterprise\".", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ Dress rehearsal was difficult, with the writer doubting whether Belushi would be able to pull off an effective parody of William Shatner's performance as Captain James Kirk.", "The City on the Edge of Forever __knowledge__ \"The City on the Edge of Forever\" is the 28th episode of the American science fiction television series \"\", and the penultimate episode of the .", "The City on the Edge of Forever __knowledge__ It was first broadcast in the United States on NBC on April 6, 1967.", "The City on the Edge of Forever __knowledge__ In the episode, after Doctor Leonard McCoy (DeForest Kelley) travels back in time and changes history, Kirk (William Shatner) and Spock (Leonard Nimoy) follow him to correct the timeline.", "The City on the Edge of Forever __knowledge__ In doing so, Kirk falls in love with Edith Keeler (Joan Collins), but realizes that in order to save his future, he must allow her to die.", "The City on the Edge of Forever __knowledge__ The writing of this episode took over ten months, from the initial pitch by Harlan Ellison to the final re-write by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek V: The Final Frontier __knowledge__ Star Trek V: The Final Frontier is a 1989 American science fiction film directed by William Shatner and based on the created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek V: The Final Frontier __knowledge__ It is the fifth installment in the \"Star Trek\" film series.", "Star Trek V: The Final Frontier __knowledge__ Taking place shortly after the events of \"\" (1986), its plot follows the crew of the USS \"Enterprise\"-A as they confront a renegade Vulcan, Sybok, who is searching for God at the center of the galaxy.", "Star Trek V: The Final Frontier __knowledge__ The film was directed by cast member William Shatner, following two films being directed by his co-star Leonard Nimoy.", "Star Trek V: The Final Frontier __knowledge__ Shatner also developed the initial storyline, in which Sybok searches for God, but instead finds an alien being." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American media franchise based on the science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The first television series, simply called \"Star Trek\" and now referred to as \"\"\"\", debuted in 1966 and aired for three seasons on the television network NBC.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ It followed the interstellar adventures of Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner) and his crew aboard the starship USS \"Enterprise\", a space exploration vessel, built by the United Federation of Planets in the twenty-third century.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The \"Star Trek\" canon of the franchise includes \"The Original Series\", an animated series, five spin-off television series, the film franchise, and further adaptations in several media.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ In creating \"Star Trek\", Roddenberry was inspired by the Horatio Hornblower novels, the satirical book \"Gulliver's Travels\", and by works of western genre such as the television series \"Wagon Train\".", "Star Trek __knowledge__ These adventures continued in the short-lived \"\" and six feature films.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Four spin-off television series were eventually produced: \"\" followed the crew of a new starship \"Enterprise\" set a century after the original series; \"\" and \"\" set contemporaneously with \"The Next Generation\"; and \"\" set before the original series in the early days of human interstellar travel.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The Monkees are an American rock and pop band originally active between 1965 and 1971, with subsequent reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ They were formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider for the American television series \"The Monkees\", which aired from 1966 to 1968.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The musical acting quartet was composed of Americans Micky Dolenz, Michael Nesmith and Peter Tork and British stage and television actor and singer Davy Jones.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The band's music was initially supervised by producer Don Kirshner, backed by the songwriting duo of Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing, mixing or re-recording is a post-production process used in filmmaking and video production in which additional or supplementary recordings are \"mixed\" with original production sound to create the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ The process usually takes place on a dub stage.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ After sound editors edit and prepare all the necessary tracks – dialogue, automated dialogue replacement (ADR), effects, Foley, music – the dubbing mixers proceed to balance all of the elements and record the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing is sometimes confused with ADR, also known as \"additional dialogue replacement\", \"automated dialogue recording\", and \"looping\", in which the original actors re-record and synchronize audio segments.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr. __knowledge__ The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr., often referred to as just Brisco or Brisco County, is an American weird western television series created by Jeffrey Boam and Carlton Cuse.", "The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr. __knowledge__ It ran for 27 episodes on the Fox network starting in the 1993–94 season.", "The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr. __knowledge__ Set in the American West of 1893, the series follows its title character, a Harvard-educated lawyer-turned-bounty hunter hired by a group of wealthy industrialists to track and capture outlaw John Bly and his gang.", "The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr. __knowledge__ Bruce Campbell plays Brisco, who is joined by a colorful group of supporting characters, including Julius Carry as fellow bounty hunter Lord Bowler and Christian Clemenson as stick-in-the-mud lawyer Socrates Poole.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country __knowledge__ Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country is a 1991 American science fiction film released by Paramount Pictures.", "Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country __knowledge__ It is the sixth feature film based on \"Star Trek\", and a sequel to the 1966–1969 \"\" television series.", "Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country __knowledge__ Taking place after the events of \"\", it is the last film featuring the entire cast of .", "Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country __knowledge__ After the destruction of the Klingon moon Praxis leads the Klingon Empire to pursue peace with their long-time adversary the Federation, the crew of the USS \"Enterprise\" must race against unseen conspirators with a militaristic agenda.", "Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country __knowledge__ The sixth film in the series was initially planned as a prequel to the original series, with younger actors portraying the crew of the \"Enterprise\" while attending Starfleet Academy, but the idea was discarded because of negative reaction from the original cast and the fans.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ William Shatner (born March 22, 1931) is a Canadian actor, author, producer, and director.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ In his seven decades of television, Shatner became a cultural icon for his portrayal of James T. Kirk, captain of the USS \"Enterprise\", in the \"Star Trek\" franchise.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ He has written a series of books chronicling his experiences playing Captain Kirk and being a part of \"Star Trek\", and has co-written several novels set in the \"Star Trek\" universe.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ He has written a series of science fiction novels called \"TekWar\" that were adapted for television.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ Shatner also played the eponymous veteran police sergeant in \"T.J. Hooker\" (1982–86) and hosted the reality-based television series \"Rescue 911\" (1989–96), which won a People's Choice Award for the Favorite New TV Dramatic Series.", "Leonard Nimoy __knowledge__ Leonard Simon Nimoy (; March 26, 1931 – February 27, 2015) was an American actor, film director, photographer, author, singer and songwriter.", "Leonard Nimoy __knowledge__ He was best known for his role as Spock of the \"Star Trek\" franchise, a character he portrayed in television and film from shot in late 1964 to his final film performance in 2013.", "Leonard Nimoy __knowledge__ Nimoy began his career in his early twenties, teaching acting classes in Hollywood and making minor film and television appearances through the 1950s, as well as playing the title role in \"Kid Monk Baroni\".", "Leonard Nimoy __knowledge__ Foreshadowing his fame as a semi-alien, he played Narab, one of three Martian invaders, in the 1952 movie serial \"Zombies of the Stratosphere\".", "Spock __knowledge__ Spock is a fictional character in the \"Star Trek\" media franchise.", "Spock __knowledge__ Spock was first portrayed by Leonard Nimoy in the , and also appears in the , a two-part episode of \"\", eight of the \"Star Trek\" feature films, and numerous Star Trek novels, comics, and video games.", "Spock __knowledge__ In addition, numerous actors portrayed the various stages of Spock's rapid growth, due to the effects of the Genesis Planet, in the 1984 Star Trek film \"\".", "Spock __knowledge__ In the 2009 film \"Star Trek\", Nimoy reprised his role with Zachary Quinto, who depicted a younger version of the character, existing within an alternate timeline.", "Spock __knowledge__ Both reprised their roles in the 2013 sequel \"Star Trek Into Darkness\" and Quinto reprised his role again in 2016's \"Star Trek Beyond\".", "Star Trek: Klingon Academy __knowledge__ Star Trek: Klingon Academy is a starship combat Space flight simulator computer game developed by 14 Degrees East, an internal development house of publisher Interplay Entertainment.", "Star Trek: Klingon Academy __knowledge__ The game follows a young Klingon warrior named Torlek as he attends the Elite Command Academy, a war college created by General Chang to prepare warriors for a future conflict with the United Federation of Planets.", "Star Trek: Klingon Academy __knowledge__ Christopher Plummer and David Warner reprised their respective roles as Chang and Gorkon for the production of \"Klingon Academy\".", "Star Trek: Klingon Academy __knowledge__ \"Klingon Academy\" is the successor to Interplay's , this time played from the viewpoint of the Klingon Empire.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Eugene Wesley Roddenberry (August 19, 1921 – October 24, 1991) was an American television screenwriter and producer.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ He is best remembered for creating the .", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Born in El Paso, Texas, Roddenberry grew up in Los Angeles, where his father was a police officer.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Roddenberry flew 89 combat missions in the Army Air Forces during World War II, and worked as a commercial pilot after the war.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ Later, he followed in his father's footsteps and joined the Los Angeles Police Department, where he also began to write scripts for television.", "Gene Roddenberry __knowledge__ As a freelance writer, Roddenberry wrote scripts for \"Highway Patrol\", \"Have Gun–Will Travel\", and other series, before creating and producing his own television series \"The Lieutenant.\"", "Star Trek Generations __knowledge__ Star Trek Generations is a 1994 American science fiction film directed by David Carson and based on the franchise of the same name created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek Generations __knowledge__ It is the seventh film in the \"Star Trek\" film series, as well as the first to star the cast of the series \"\".", "Star Trek Generations __knowledge__ In the film, Captain Jean-Luc Picard of the USS \"Enterprise\"-D joins forces with Captain James T. Kirk, to stop a villain from destroying a planet.", "Star Trek Generations __knowledge__ Parts of the film were shot at the Valley of Fire State Park near Overton, Nevada, Paramount Studios, and Lone Pine, California.", "Star Trek Generations __knowledge__ The film received mixed reviews from critics, but performed well at the box office." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American media franchise based on the science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The first television series, simply called \"Star Trek\" and now referred to as \"\"\"\", debuted in 1966 and aired for three seasons on the television network NBC.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ It followed the interstellar adventures of Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner) and his crew aboard the starship USS \"Enterprise\", a space exploration vessel, built by the United Federation of Planets in the twenty-third century.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ The \"Star Trek\" canon of the franchise includes \"The Original Series\", an animated series, five spin-off television series, the film franchise, and further adaptations in several media.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ In creating \"Star Trek\", Roddenberry was inspired by the Horatio Hornblower novels, the satirical book \"Gulliver's Travels\", and by works of western genre such as the television series \"Wagon Train\".", "Star Trek __knowledge__ These adventures continued in the short-lived \"\" and six feature films.", "Star Trek __knowledge__ Four spin-off television series were eventually produced: \"\" followed the crew of a new starship \"Enterprise\" set a century after the original series; \"\" and \"\" set contemporaneously with \"The Next Generation\"; and \"\" set before the original series in the early days of human interstellar travel.", "Star Trek Beyond __knowledge__ Star Trek Beyond is a 2016 American science fiction adventure film directed by Justin Lin and written by Simon Pegg and Doug Jung, based on the series \"Star Trek\" created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek Beyond __knowledge__ It is the thirteenth film in the \"Star Trek\" film franchise and the third installment in the reboot series, following \"Star Trek\" (2009) and \"Star Trek Into Darkness\" (2013).", "Star Trek Beyond __knowledge__ Chris Pine and Zachary Quinto reprise their respective roles as Captain James T. Kirk and Commander Spock, with Pegg, Karl Urban, Zoe Saldana, John Cho and Anton Yelchin reprising their roles from the previous films.", "Star Trek Beyond __knowledge__ This was also one of Yelchin's last films before his death in June 2016.", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ \"Star Trek\" and \"Star Wars\" are science fiction media franchises that present alternative scenarios of space adventure.", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ The two streams have offered various forms of media productions for decades that manage billions of dollars of intellectual property, providing employment and entertainment for billions of people around the world.", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ \"Star Trek\" was introduced as in 1966 that lasted three years. \"\"", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ commenced in 1973 (based directly on the original series) but lasted only two seasons with a combined total of 22 episodes.", "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars __knowledge__ With the subsequent publication of novels, comics, animated series, toys and feature films, \"Star Trek\" grew into an enormous media franchise.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ Star Trek is a 2009 American science fiction adventure film directed by J. J. Abrams and written by Roberto Orci and Alex Kurtzman.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ It is the eleventh film in the \"Star Trek\" film franchise, and is also a reboot that features the main characters of the portrayed by a new cast, as the first in the rebooted film series.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ The film follows James T. Kirk (Chris Pine) and Spock (Zachary Quinto) aboard USS \"Enterprise\" as they combat Nero (Eric Bana), a Romulan from their future who threatens the United Federation of Planets.", "Star Trek (film) __knowledge__ The story takes place in an alternate reality because of time travel by both Nero and the original Spock (Leonard Nimoy).", "Star Trek (film series) __knowledge__ The \"Star Trek\" film series is the cinematic branch of the \"Star Trek\" media franchise, which began in 1966 as a weekly on NBC, running for three seasons until it was canceled in 1969 because of poor ratings.", "Star Trek (film series) __knowledge__ Reruns of the series proved to be wildly successful in syndication during the 1970s, which persuaded the series' then-owner, Paramount Pictures, to expand the franchise.", "Star Trek (film series) __knowledge__ Paramount originally began work on a \"Star Trek\" feature film in 1975 after lobbying by the creator of the franchise, Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek (film series) __knowledge__ The studio scrapped the project two years later in favor of creating a television series, \"\", with the original cast.", "Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ Enterprise or USS \"Enterprise (often referred to as the \"Starship \"Enterprise\") is the name of several fictional spacecraft, some of which are the main craft and setting for various television series and films in the \"Star Trek\" science fiction franchise.", "Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ According to \"The Star Trek Encyclopedia\", the registry number NCC-1701 was devised by Matt Jefferies, art director of the first \"Star Trek\" series, inspired by an old science fiction cover that Gene Roddenberry liked, with a starship flying through space.", "Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ Jefferies, who was a pilot, based NCC on 20th century aircraft registration codes.", "Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ In such 20th century usage, an \"N\" first letter refers to an aircraft registered in the United States.", "Spock __knowledge__ Spock is a fictional character in the \"Star Trek\" media franchise.", "Spock __knowledge__ Spock was first portrayed by Leonard Nimoy in the , and also appears in the , a two-part episode of \"\", eight of the \"Star Trek\" feature films, and numerous Star Trek novels, comics, and video games.", "Spock __knowledge__ In addition, numerous actors portrayed the various stages of Spock's rapid growth, due to the effects of the Genesis Planet, in the 1984 Star Trek film \"\".", "Spock __knowledge__ In the 2009 film \"Star Trek\", Nimoy reprised his role with Zachary Quinto, who depicted a younger version of the character, existing within an alternate timeline.", "Spock __knowledge__ Both reprised their roles in the 2013 sequel \"Star Trek Into Darkness\" and Quinto reprised his role again in 2016's \"Star Trek Beyond\".", "The Wild Wild West __knowledge__ The Wild Wild West is an American weird western television series that ran on the CBS television network for four seasons (104 episodes) from September 17, 1965, to April 4, 1969.", "The Wild Wild West __knowledge__ Two television movies were made with the original cast in 1979 and 1980, and the series was adapted for a motion picture in 1999.", "The Wild Wild West __knowledge__ Developed at a time when the television western was losing ground to the spy genre, this show was conceived by its creator, Michael Garrison, as \"James Bond on horseback.\"", "The Wild Wild West __knowledge__ Set during the administration of President Ulysses Grant (1869–77), the series followed Secret Service agents James West (Robert Conrad) and Artemus Gordon (Ross Martin) as they solved crimes, protected the President, and foiled the plans of megalomaniacal villains to take over all or part of the United States.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "The Big Bang Theory __knowledge__ The Big Bang Theory is an American television sitcom created by Chuck Lorre and Bill Prady, both of whom serve as executive producers on the series, along with Steven Molaro.", "The Big Bang Theory __knowledge__ All three also serve as head writers.", "The Big Bang Theory __knowledge__ The show premiered on CBS on September 24, 2007.", "The Big Bang Theory __knowledge__ In March 2017, the series was renewed for two additional seasons, bringing its total to twelve, and running through the 2018–19 television season.", "The Big Bang Theory __knowledge__ The eleventh season premiered on September 25, 2017.", "The Big Bang Theory __knowledge__ The show is primarily centered on five characters living in Pasadena, California: Leonard Hofstadter and Sheldon Cooper, both physicists at Caltech, who share an apartment; Penny, a waitress and aspiring actress who later becomes a pharmaceutical representative and who lives across the hall; and Leonard and Sheldon's similarly geeky and socially awkward friends and co-workers, aerospace engineer Howard Wolowitz and astrophysicist Raj Koothrappali.", "Doctor Who __knowledge__ Doctor Who is a British science-fiction television programme produced by the BBC since 1963.", "Doctor Who __knowledge__ The programme depicts the adventures of a Time Lord called \"the Doctor\", an extraterrestrial being from the planet Gallifrey.", "Doctor Who __knowledge__ The Doctor explores the universe in a time-travelling space ship called the TARDIS.", "Doctor Who __knowledge__ Its exterior appears as a blue British police box, which was a common sight in Britain in 1963 when the series first aired.", "Doctor Who __knowledge__ Accompanied by a number of companions, the Doctor combats a variety of foes, while working to save civilisations and help people in need.", "Doctor Who __knowledge__ The show is a significant part of British popular culture, and elsewhere it has gained a cult following.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ Star Trek is an American science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry that follows the adventures of the starship and its crew.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ It later acquired the retronym of Star Trek: The Original Series (Star Trek: TOS or simply TOS) to distinguish the show within the media franchise that it began.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ The show is set in the Milky Way galaxy, roughly during the 2260s.", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ The ship and crew are led by Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner), first officer and science officer Spock (Leonard Nimoy), and chief medical officer Leonard McCoy (DeForest Kelley).", "Star Trek: The Original Series __knowledge__ Shatner's voice-over introduction during each episode's opening credits stated the starship's purpose: The series was produced from September 1966 to December 1967 by Norway Productions and Desilu Productions, and by Paramount Television from January 1968 to June 1969.", "American Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ The American Broadcasting Company (ABC) is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of Disney–ABC Television Group, a subsidiary of the Disney Media Networks division of The Walt Disney Company.", "American Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan, New York City.", "American Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ There are additional major offices and production facilities elsewhere in New York City, as well as in Los Angeles and Burbank, California.", "American Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ Since 2007, when ABC Radio (also known as Cumulus Media Networks) was sold to Citadel Broadcasting, ABC has reduced its broadcasting operations almost exclusively to television." ] ]

[ 3, 33, 2, 8 ]

[ "I've been binge watching Star Trek this week - what an amazing show! I love William Shatner who plays Captain James T. Kirk", "Yes, that's what got me interested in the tv show - I saw Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country a few weeks ago - it was released in 1991", "Yeah, the original series debuted in 1966 and was on for three seasons - I love old shows, that's why I started with the original!", "I've heard about that one - it was released in 2016 and was directed by Justin Lin - it's on my list of must see movies!" ]

[ "Star Trek", "Star Trek", "Star Trek", "Star Trek" ]

[ "Glasses", "I used to wear them also. When were they invented?", "Oh wow. What type of doctor should I see to get glasses?", "I really should get a pair of sunglasses also." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are devices consisting of glass or hard plastic lenses mounted in a frame that holds them in front of a person's eyes, typically using a bridge over the nose and arms which rest over the ears.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are typically used for vision correction, such as with reading glasses and glasses used for nearsightedness.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Safety glasses provide eye protection against flying debris for construction workers or lab technicians; these glasses may have protection for the sides of the eyes as well as in the lenses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Some types of safety glasses are used to protect against visible and near-visible light or radiation.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are worn for eye protection in some sports, such as squash.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses wearers may use a strap to prevent the glasses from falling off during movement or sports.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Wearers of glasses that are used only part of the time may have the glasses attached to a cord that goes around their neck, to prevent the loss of the glasses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses allow better vision in bright daylight, and may protect one's eyes against damage from high levels of ultraviolet light.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Typical sunglasses are darkened for protection against bright light or glare; some specialized glasses are clear in dark or indoor conditions, but turn into sunglasses when in bright light." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are devices consisting of glass or hard plastic lenses mounted in a frame that holds them in front of a person's eyes, typically using a bridge over the nose and arms which rest over the ears.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are typically used for vision correction, such as with reading glasses and glasses used for nearsightedness.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Safety glasses provide eye protection against flying debris for construction workers or lab technicians; these glasses may have protection for the sides of the eyes as well as in the lenses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Some types of safety glasses are used to protect against visible and near-visible light or radiation.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are worn for eye protection in some sports, such as squash.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses wearers may use a strap to prevent the glasses from falling off during movement or sports.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Wearers of glasses that are used only part of the time may have the glasses attached to a cord that goes around their neck, to prevent the loss of the glasses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses allow better vision in bright daylight, and may protect one's eyes against damage from high levels of ultraviolet light.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Typical sunglasses are darkened for protection against bright light or glare; some specialized glasses are clear in dark or indoor conditions, but turn into sunglasses when in bright light.", "Timeline of United States inventions (1946–91) __knowledge__ A timeline of United States inventions (1946–1991) encompasses the ingenuity and innovative advancements of the United States within a historical context, dating from the era of the Cold War, which have been achieved by inventors who are either native-born or naturalized citizens of the United States.", "Timeline of United States inventions (1946–91) __knowledge__ Copyright protection secures a person's right to his or her first-to-invent claim of the \"original\" invention in question, highlighted in Article I, Section 8, Clause 8 of the United States Constitution which gives the following enumerated power to the United States Congress: In 1641, the first patent in North America was issued to Samuel Winslow by the General Court of Massachusetts for a new method of making salt.", "Escapement __knowledge__ An escapement is a device in mechanical watches and clocks that transfers energy to the timekeeping element (the \"impulse action\") and allows the number of its oscillations to be counted (the \"locking action\").", "Escapement __knowledge__ The impulse action transfers energy to the clock's timekeeping element (usually a pendulum or balance wheel) to replace the energy lost to friction during its cycle and keep the timekeeper oscillating.", "Escapement __knowledge__ The escapement is driven by force from a coiled spring or a suspended weight, transmitted through the timepiece's gear train.", "Escapement __knowledge__ Each swing of the pendulum or balance wheel releases a tooth of the escapement's \"escape wheel\" gear, allowing the clock's gear train to advance or \"escape\" by a fixed amount.", "Phonograph __knowledge__ The phonograph is a device, invented in 1877, for the mechanical recording and reproduction of sound.", "Phonograph __knowledge__ In its later forms, it is also called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name in the UK since 1910), or, since the 1940s, a record player.", "Phonograph __knowledge__ The sound vibration waveforms are recorded as corresponding physical deviations of a spiral groove engraved, etched, incised, or impressed into the surface of a rotating cylinder or disc, called a \"record\".", "Phonograph __knowledge__ To recreate the sound, the surface is similarly rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove and is therefore vibrated by it, very faintly reproducing the recorded sound.", "Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) __knowledge__ A timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) encompasses the ingenuity and innovative advancements of the United States within a historical context, dating from the Progressive Era to the end of World War II, which have been achieved by inventors who are either native-born or naturalized citizens of the United States.", "Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) __knowledge__ Copyright protection secures a person's right to his or her first-to-invent claim of the \"original\" invention in question, highlighted in Article I, Section 8, Clause 8 of the United States Constitution which gives the following enumerated power to the United States Congress: In 1641, the first patent in North America was issued to Samuel Winslow by the General Court of Massachusetts for a new method of making salt.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ School uniform or school uniforms is a practice which dates to the 16th century in the United Kingdom.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ It is believed that the Christ Hospital School in London in 1552 was the first school to use a school uniform.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ The earliest documented proof of institutionalised use of a standard academic dress dates back to 1222 when the then Archbishop of Canterbury ordered the wearing of the cappa clausa about 800 years ago.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ The practice of having school uniform has been adopted by other countries, and is now common in many parts of the world.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ Uniforms can be regarded as promoting social equality among students and school-pride, but the practice has also been criticised for promoting a form of uniformity characteristic of militarism.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ A contact lens, or simply contact, is a thin lens placed directly on the surface of the eye.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are considered medical devices and can be worn to correct vision, or for cosmetic or therapeutic reasons.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2004, it was estimated that 125 million people worldwide use contact lenses, including 28 to 38 million in the United States.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2010, the worldwide market for contact lenses was estimated at $6.1 billion, while the US soft lens market was estimated at $2.1 billion.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Multiple analysts estimated that the global market for contact lenses would reach $11.7 billion by 2015. , the average age of contact lens wearers globally was 31 years old, and two-thirds of wearers were female.", "Tire __knowledge__ A tire (American English) or tyre (British English; see spelling differences) is a ring-shaped component that surrounds a wheel's rim to transfer a vehicle's load from the axle through the wheel to the ground and to provide traction on the surface traveled over.", "Tire __knowledge__ Most tires, such as those for automobiles and bicycles, are pneumatically inflated structures, which also provide a flexible cushion that absorbs shock as the tire rolls over rough features on the surface.", "Tire __knowledge__ Tires provide a footprint that is designed to match the weight of the vehicle with the bearing strength of the surface that it rolls over by providing a bearing pressure that will not deform the surface excessively.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses or sun glasses are a form of protective eyewear designed primarily to prevent bright sunlight and high-energy visible light from damaging or discomforting the eyes.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ They can sometimes also function as a visual aid, as variously termed spectacles or glasses exist, featuring lenses that are colored, polarized or darkened.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, they were also known as sun cheaters (cheaters being an American slang term for glasses).", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ The American Optometric Association recommends sunglasses whenever a person is in the sun to protect the eyes from ultraviolet radiation (UV) and blue light, which can cause several serious eye problems.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ A corrective lens is a lens typically worn in front of the eye to improve vision.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Glasses or \"spectacles\" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are worn directly on the surface of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Intraocular lenses are surgically implanted most commonly after cataract removal, but can be used for purely refractive purposes.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Corrective lenses are typically prescribed by an ophthalmologist or an optometrist.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The prescription consists of all the specifications necessary to make the lens.", "Rimless eyeglasses __knowledge__ Rimless eyeglasses, are a type of eyeglasses in which the lenses are mounted directly to the bridge and/or temples.", "Rimless eyeglasses __knowledge__ The style is divided into two subtypes: three-piece glasses are composed of lenses mounted to a bridge and two separate temple arms, while rimways (also called \"cortlands\") feature a supporting arch that connects the temples to the bridge and provides extra stability for the lenses.", "Rimless eyeglasses __knowledge__ Rimless glasses were a popular style of eyeglasses from the 1880s until into the 1960s, and re-emerged in popularity in the latter part of the 20th century and early 21st century.", "Rimless eyeglasses __knowledge__ Apple founder, Steve Jobs, began wearing round rimless eyeglasses in 1993 until his death in 2011, an 18 year run.", "Optician __knowledge__ An optician, or \"dispensing optician\", is a technical practitioner who designs, fits and dispenses corrective lenses for the correction of a person's vision.", "Optician __knowledge__ Opticians determine the specifications of various ophthalmic appliances that will give the necessary correction to a person's eyesight.", "Optician __knowledge__ Some registered or licensed opticians also design and fit special appliances to correct cosmetic, traumatic or anatomical defects.", "Optician __knowledge__ These devices are called shells or artificial eyes.", "Optician __knowledge__ Other registered or licensed opticians manufacture lenses to their own specifications and design and manufacture spectacle frames and other devices.", "History of photographic lens design __knowledge__ The invention of the camera in the early 19th century led to an array of lens designs intended for photography.", "History of photographic lens design __knowledge__ The problems of photographic lens design, creating a lens for a task that would cover a large, flat image plane, were well known even before the invention of photography due to the development of lenses to work with the focal plane of the camera obscura.", "History of photographic lens design __knowledge__ The early photographic experiments of Thomas Wedgwood, Nicéphore Niépce, Henry Fox Talbot, and Louis Daguerre all used simple single-element convex lenses.", "History of photographic lens design __knowledge__ These lenses were found lacking.", "History of photographic lens design __knowledge__ Simple lenses could not focus an image over a large flat film plane (Field curvature) and suffered from other optical aberrations." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are devices consisting of glass or hard plastic lenses mounted in a frame that holds them in front of a person's eyes, typically using a bridge over the nose and arms which rest over the ears.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are typically used for vision correction, such as with reading glasses and glasses used for nearsightedness.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Safety glasses provide eye protection against flying debris for construction workers or lab technicians; these glasses may have protection for the sides of the eyes as well as in the lenses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Some types of safety glasses are used to protect against visible and near-visible light or radiation.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are worn for eye protection in some sports, such as squash.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses wearers may use a strap to prevent the glasses from falling off during movement or sports.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Wearers of glasses that are used only part of the time may have the glasses attached to a cord that goes around their neck, to prevent the loss of the glasses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses allow better vision in bright daylight, and may protect one's eyes against damage from high levels of ultraviolet light.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Typical sunglasses are darkened for protection against bright light or glare; some specialized glasses are clear in dark or indoor conditions, but turn into sunglasses when in bright light.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ The Doctor is the title character in the long-running BBC science fiction television programme \"Doctor Who\".", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ Since the show's inception in 1963, the character has been portrayed by twelve lead actors.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ In the programme, \"the Doctor\" is the alias assumed by a centuries-old alien—a Time Lord from the planet Gallifrey—who travels through space and time in the TARDIS, frequently with companions.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ The transition to each succeeding actor is explained within the show's narrative through the plot device of \"regeneration\", a biological function of the Time Lord race that allows a change of cellular structure and appearance with recovery following a potentially fatal injury.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ A corrective lens is a lens typically worn in front of the eye to improve vision.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Glasses or \"spectacles\" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are worn directly on the surface of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Intraocular lenses are surgically implanted most commonly after cataract removal, but can be used for purely refractive purposes.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Corrective lenses are typically prescribed by an ophthalmologist or an optometrist.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The prescription consists of all the specifications necessary to make the lens.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ LCA-Vision is a provider of photorefractive keratectomy in the United States under the LasikPlus brand.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ As of October 2010, LCA-Vision Inc. owns and operates 54 LasikPlus fixed-site laser vision correction centers across the United States and Canada.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ The company performs Custom LASIK, PRK and monovision treatment to correct nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism and reduce the effects of presbyopia.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ According to the company, one million laser vision correction procedures have been performed at its LasikPlus vision centers since 1991.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ Laser Centers of America, Inc., LCA-Vision's corporate predecessor, was formed in 1986.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ A contact lens, or simply contact, is a thin lens placed directly on the surface of the eye.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are considered medical devices and can be worn to correct vision, or for cosmetic or therapeutic reasons.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2004, it was estimated that 125 million people worldwide use contact lenses, including 28 to 38 million in the United States.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2010, the worldwide market for contact lenses was estimated at $6.1 billion, while the US soft lens market was estimated at $2.1 billion.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Multiple analysts estimated that the global market for contact lenses would reach $11.7 billion by 2015. , the average age of contact lens wearers globally was 31 years old, and two-thirds of wearers were female.", "Emil Chynn __knowledge__ Emil William Chynn (born October 7, 1965) is a Chinese-American LASEK surgeon, author, researcher, and media personality.", "Emil Chynn __knowledge__ He owns the only laser vision correction center in the US specializing in Advanced Surface Ablation (ASA, comprising LASEK and epiLASEK), which unlike LASIK is a newer, safer way to correct refractive errors that does not involve cutting a flap into the cornea.", "Emil Chynn __knowledge__ Dr. Chynn has been featured in the New York Time, Wall Street Journal, on CNN and Discovery Channel, in Time Magazine online, as well as on ABC, NBC, CBS, and Fox News for LASEK as well as platinum \"Eye Jewelry\" and corneal tattoos.", "LASIK MD __knowledge__ LASIK MD is a Canadian provider of laser vision correction and the largest provider of laser vision correction in North America based on procedure volume.", "LASIK MD __knowledge__ As of 2013, LASIK MD performs over sixty percent of all laser vision correction procedures in Canada.", "LASIK MD __knowledge__ LASIK MD was founded in 2001 by Dr. Mark Cohen and Dr. Avi Wallerstein with two initial clinics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada and Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "LASIK MD __knowledge__ As of 2012, there are 30 LASIK MD eye centres located across Canada.", "LASIK MD __knowledge__ The clinics serve all major metropolitan areas throughout Canada.", "LASIK MD __knowledge__ LASIK MD is a provider of laser vision correction, performing LASIK, PRK and keratoconus treatments.", "Charles Munnerlyn __knowledge__ Charles Munnerlyn (* 1940 in Shreveport, LA) is an American optical engineer.", "Charles Munnerlyn __knowledge__ He constructed the first working excimer laser system for vision correction in 1985, and also developed the Munnerlyn Formula that dictates the amount of corneal tissue to be removed by the laser to correct vision disorders such as myopia and astigmatism.", "Charles Munnerlyn __knowledge__ Munnerlyn is the founder of VISX, Incorporated, once the world's largest manufacturer of laser-based vision correction (LVC) systems.", "Charles Munnerlyn __knowledge__ VISX is now owned by Abbott Laboratories.", "Charles Munnerlyn __knowledge__ Charles Ray Munnerlyn received his bachelor's degree in physics from Texas A&M University in 1962 and a doctorate in optical engineering from the University of Rochester in 1969." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are devices consisting of glass or hard plastic lenses mounted in a frame that holds them in front of a person's eyes, typically using a bridge over the nose and arms which rest over the ears.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are typically used for vision correction, such as with reading glasses and glasses used for nearsightedness.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Safety glasses provide eye protection against flying debris for construction workers or lab technicians; these glasses may have protection for the sides of the eyes as well as in the lenses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Some types of safety glasses are used to protect against visible and near-visible light or radiation.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are worn for eye protection in some sports, such as squash.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses wearers may use a strap to prevent the glasses from falling off during movement or sports.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Wearers of glasses that are used only part of the time may have the glasses attached to a cord that goes around their neck, to prevent the loss of the glasses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses allow better vision in bright daylight, and may protect one's eyes against damage from high levels of ultraviolet light.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Typical sunglasses are darkened for protection against bright light or glare; some specialized glasses are clear in dark or indoor conditions, but turn into sunglasses when in bright light.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses or sun glasses are a form of protective eyewear designed primarily to prevent bright sunlight and high-energy visible light from damaging or discomforting the eyes.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ They can sometimes also function as a visual aid, as variously termed spectacles or glasses exist, featuring lenses that are colored, polarized or darkened.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, they were also known as sun cheaters (cheaters being an American slang term for glasses).", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ The American Optometric Association recommends sunglasses whenever a person is in the sun to protect the eyes from ultraviolet radiation (UV) and blue light, which can cause several serious eye problems.", "Test and evaluation master plan __knowledge__ Test and evaluation master plan (TEMP) is a critical aspect of project management involving complex systems that must satisfy specification requirements.", "Test and evaluation master plan __knowledge__ The TEMP is used to support programmatic events called milestone decisions that separate the individual phases of a project.", "Test and evaluation master plan __knowledge__ For military systems, the level of funding determines the Acquisition Category and the organization responsible for the milestone decision.", "Test and evaluation master plan __knowledge__ A traceability matrix is generally used to link items within the TEMP to items within specifications.", "Test and evaluation master plan __knowledge__ The Test and Evaluation Master Plan documents the overall structure and objectives of the Test & Evaluation for a program.", "Finlay & Co. __knowledge__ Finlay & Co. is a British eyewear brand which specialises in luxury, handmade sunglasses and prescription glasses.", "Finlay & Co. __knowledge__ Finlay & Co. sells online and through a number of boutiques and department stores around the world including Harvey Nichols, London and Barneys, New York.", "Finlay & Co. __knowledge__ The brand was founded in 2012 in London by four friends.", "Finlay & Co. __knowledge__ Finlay & Co. launched with a collection of handmade wooden sunglasses.", "Finlay & Co. __knowledge__ The British model, David Gandy was one of the first Finlay & Co. wearers, spotted at London Collections Men wearing a pair of Finlay & Co. Ledbury Ebony frames.", "Finlay & Co. __knowledge__ Finlay & Co. featured in the British Fashion Awards and won a Shell LiveWIRE Grand Ideas Award in 2012.", "Ray-Ban Wayfarer __knowledge__ Ray-Ban Wayfarer sunglasses have been manufactured by Ray-Ban since 1956, which in turn has belonged to the Italian Luxottica Group since 1999.", "Ray-Ban Wayfarer __knowledge__ Wayfarers enjoyed early popularity in the 1950s and 1960s, returning to popularity again after a 1982 product placement.", "Ray-Ban Wayfarer __knowledge__ A second revival occurred in the mid-2000s.", "Ray-Ban Wayfarer __knowledge__ Wayfarers were designed in 1952 by American optical designer Raymond Stegeman, who worked for Bausch and Lomb, Ray-Ban's parent company at that time.", "Ray-Ban Wayfarer __knowledge__ The design was inspired by, \"a mid-century classic to rival Eames chairs and Cadillac tail fins.\"", "Ray-Ban Wayfarer __knowledge__ According to design critic Stephen Bayley, the \"distinctive trapezoidal frame spoke a non-verbal language that hinted at unstable dangerousness, but one nicely tempered by the sturdy arms which, according to the advertising, gave the frames a 'masculine look.'\"", "TV by the Numbers __knowledge__ TV by the Numbers is a website devoted to collecting and analyzing television ratings data in the United States.", "TV by the Numbers __knowledge__ It is a part of Tribune Media Services's Screener television news/listings site (formerly known as Zap2it).", "TV by the Numbers __knowledge__ An Internet and statistical analyst, Robert Seidman had previously worked for IBM and Charles Schwab, and published an online newsletter about the Internet and AOL before founding TV by the Numbers; Bill Gorman had been an AOL executive until 1998, and had read Seidman's column.", "TV by the Numbers __knowledge__ Friends since the early 1990s when they met near Washington, D.C., both were fond of television, as Gorman loved numbers and Seidman enjoyed statistics relating to it; the subject of television ratings data entered into one of their conversations.", "Corey Hart (singer) __knowledge__ Corey Mitchell Hart (born May 31, 1962) is a Canadian singer, best known for his hit singles \"Sunglasses at Night\" and \"Never Surrender\".", "Corey Hart (singer) __knowledge__ He has sold over 16 million records worldwide and scored nine US \"Billboard\" Top 40 hits.", "Corey Hart (singer) __knowledge__ In Canada Hart has amassed 30 Top 40 hits, including 11 in the Top 10, over the course of 30 years in the music industry.", "Corey Hart (singer) __knowledge__ Nominated for the Grammy Award for Best New Artist in 1984, Hart is an inductee of Canada's Walk of Fame and is also a multiple Juno award nominee and winner in Canada, including the Diamond Award for his best-selling album \"Boy in the Box\".", "Corey Hart (singer) __knowledge__ He has also been honoured by the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) and the Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada (SOCAN).", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ A corrective lens is a lens typically worn in front of the eye to improve vision.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Glasses or \"spectacles\" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are worn directly on the surface of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Intraocular lenses are surgically implanted most commonly after cataract removal, but can be used for purely refractive purposes.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Corrective lenses are typically prescribed by an ophthalmologist or an optometrist.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The prescription consists of all the specifications necessary to make the lens.", "Sun __knowledge__ The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System.", "Sun __knowledge__ It is a nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma, with internal convective motion that generates a magnetic field via a dynamo process. It is by far the most important source of energy for life on Earth.", "Sun __knowledge__ Its diameter is about 1.39 million kilometers, i.e.", "Sun __knowledge__ 109 times that of Earth, and its mass is about 330,000 times that of Earth, accounting for about 99.86% of the total mass of the Solar System.", "Sun __knowledge__ About three quarters of the Sun's mass consists of hydrogen (~73%); the rest is mostly helium (~25%), with much smaller quantities of heavier elements, including oxygen, carbon, neon, and iron.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Ultraviolet (UV) is an electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ UV radiation constitutes about 10% of the total light output of the Sun, and is thus present in sunlight.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ It is also produced by electric arcs and specialized lights, such as mercury-vapor lamps, tanning lamps, and black lights.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Although it's not considered an ionizing radiation because its photons lack the energy to ionize atoms, long-wavelength ultraviolet radiation can cause chemical reactions and causes many substances to glow or fluoresce.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Consequently, the chemical and biological effects of UV are greater than simple heating effects, and many practical applications of UV radiation derive from its interactions with organic molecules.", "Persian metres __knowledge__ Persian metres are the patterns of long and short syllables in which classical Persian poetry is composed.", "Persian metres __knowledge__ Over the past 1000 years the Persian language has enjoyed a very rich literature especially of poetry.", "Persian metres __knowledge__ Until the advent of free verse in the 20th century, this poetry was always quantitative, that is the lines were composed in various patterns of long and short syllables.", "Persian metres __knowledge__ The different patterns are known as metres (US: meters).", "Persian metres __knowledge__ A knowledge of metre is essential for the correct recitation of Persian poetry, and also very often, since short vowels are not written in Persian script, for the correct interpretation of the meaning of a verse in cases of ambiguity.", "Photokeratitis __knowledge__ Photokeratitis or ultraviolet keratitis is a painful eye condition caused by exposure of insufficiently protected eyes to the ultraviolet (UV) rays from either natural (e.g.", "Photokeratitis __knowledge__ intense sunlight) or artificial (e.g.", "Photokeratitis __knowledge__ the electric arc during welding) sources.", "Photokeratitis __knowledge__ Photokeratitis is akin to a sunburn of the cornea and conjunctiva, and is not usually noticed until several hours after exposure.", "Photokeratitis __knowledge__ Symptoms include increased tears and a feeling of pain, likened to having sand in the eyes.", "Photokeratitis __knowledge__ The injury may be prevented by wearing eye protection that blocks most of the ultraviolet radiation, such as welding goggles with the proper filters, a welder's helmet, sunglasses rated for sufficient UV protection, or appropriate snow goggles." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 8, 4 ]

[ "I wear glasses, also called eyeglasses which are plastic lenses mounted in a frame and worn over the nose.", "They have been worn for hundreds of years. Mine are used for vision correction.", "You should see an optomologist. Sunglasses allow better vision in bright sunlight.", "While you are at it pick up a pair of safety glasses to protect against debris when working with tools." ]

[ "Glasses", "Glasses", "Glasses", "Glasses" ]

[ "Cupcake\nI own a cupcake business, i am operating from my home, delivering them, but im thinking to open a store", "My specialty are vegan cupcakes, also traditional chocolate chip ones, everybody is crazy for them, i have more and more customers every day!", "Yes it is, i cant keep up, i have a lot of variety, i even have agave cupcakes, some people really like them ordering up to 20 pounds of them a day!", "Its made in a thick sweet paste and mixed with the batter, after i add almonds and chestnuts the taste is perfect!", "Thanks to Amelia i now have my business :D i will definitely expand! " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cupcake __knowledge__ A cupcake (also British English: fairy cake; Hiberno-English: bun; Australian English: fairy cake or patty cake) is a small cake designed to serve one person, which may be baked in a small thin paper or aluminum cup.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ As with larger cakes, icing and other cake decorations such as fruit and candy may be applied.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ The earliest extant description of what is now often called a cupcake was in 1796, when a recipe for \"a light cake to bake in small cups\" was written in \"American Cookery\" by Amelia Simmons.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ The earliest extant documentation of the term \"cupcake\" itself was in \"Seventy-five Receipts for Pastry, Cakes, and Sweetmeats\" in 1828 in Eliza Leslie's \"Receipts\" cookbook.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ In the early 19th century, there were two different uses for the term \"cup cake\" or \"cupcake\".", "Cupcake __knowledge__ In previous centuries, before muffin tins were widely available, the cakes were often baked in individual pottery cups, ramekins, or molds and took their name from the cups they were baked in.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ This is the use of the name that has remained, and the name of \"cupcake\" is now given to any small, round cake that is about the size of a teacup.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ While English fairy cakes vary in size more than American cupcake, they are traditionally smaller and are rarely topped with elaborate icing.", "Ivory trade __knowledge__ The ivory trade is the commercial, often illegal trade in the ivory tusks of the hippopotamus, walrus, narwhal, mammoth, and most commonly, African and Asian elephants.", "Ivory trade __knowledge__ Ivory has been traded for hundreds of years by people in regions such as Greenland, Alaska, and Siberia.", "Ivory trade __knowledge__ The trade, in more recent times, has led to endangerment of species, resulting in restrictions and bans.", "Ivory trade __knowledge__ Ivory was formerly used to make piano keys and other decorative items because of the white color it presents when processed but the piano industry abandoned ivory as a key covering material in the 1970s.", "Ivory trade __knowledge__ Elephant ivory has been exported from Africa and Asia for centuries with records going back to the 14th century BCE.", "2 Broke Girls __knowledge__ 2 Broke Girls is an American television sitcom that aired on CBS from September 19, 2011 to April 17, 2017.", "2 Broke Girls __knowledge__ The series was produced for Warner Bros. Television and created by Michael Patrick King and Whitney Cummings.", "2 Broke Girls __knowledge__ Set in the Williamsburg neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York City, the show's plot follows the lives of friends Max Black (Kat Dennings) and Caroline Channing (Beth Behrs).", "2 Broke Girls __knowledge__ Whereas Caroline was raised as the daughter of a billionaire, Max grew up in poverty, resulting in differing perspectives on life, although together they work in a local diner while attempting to raise funds to start a cupcake business.", "Georgetown Cupcake __knowledge__ Georgetown Cupcake is a cupcakery based in the Georgetown neighborhood of Washington, D.C. that has now expanded to 6 other locations nationwide.", "Georgetown Cupcake __knowledge__ Sisters Katherine Berman (née Kallinis) and Sophie LaMontagne (née Kallinis) opened the shop in February 2008.", "Georgetown Cupcake __knowledge__ Growing up in Toronto, Katherine Berman and Sophie LaMontagne learned baking from their Greek grandmother.", "Georgetown Cupcake __knowledge__ When they were children, their grandmother allowed them to use leftover cake batter to make miniature cakes, such as cupcakes.", "Georgetown Cupcake __knowledge__ Before opening the shop, LaMontagne was working in Boston for a venture capital firm, and Berman worked for Gucci in Toronto.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ Sprinkles Cupcakes is a Beverly Hills, California-based cupcake bakery chain established in 2005.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ It is considered one of the first cupcake bakeries.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ In 2002, Candace Nelson and her husband Charles Nelson, both investment bankers, visited Candace's sister in New York and tried the cupcakes at Magnolia Bakery.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ Candace decided that it was \"time for cupcakes to stop being the backup dancer to cakes\".", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ Having had started a custom cake business after attending Tante Marie's Pastry Program in San Francisco, she set her sights on cupcakes.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ \"I was taking orders for special occasion cakes which I came to realize are, by definition, reserved for special, infrequent occasions,\" she said.", "Instant messaging __knowledge__ Instant messaging (IM) is a type of online chat that offers real-time text transmission over the Internet.", "Instant messaging __knowledge__ A LAN messenger operates in a similar way over a local area network.", "Instant messaging __knowledge__ Short messages are typically transmitted between two parties, when each user chooses to complete a thought and select \"send\".", "Instant messaging __knowledge__ Some IM applications can use push technology to provide real-time text, which transmits messages character by character, as they are composed.", "Instant messaging __knowledge__ More advanced instant messaging can add file transfer, clickable hyperlinks, Voice over IP, or video chat.", "Instant messaging __knowledge__ Non-IM types of chat include multicast transmission, usually referred to as \"chat rooms\", where participants might be anonymous or might be previously known to each other (for example collaborators on a project that is using chat to facilitate communication).", "Cake in a Cup __knowledge__ Cake in a Cup is a cupcake shop, located in Toledo, Ohio.", "Cake in a Cup __knowledge__ Owned by friends Lori Jacobs and Dana Iliev, Cake in a Cup is Toledo's first and only specialty cupcake shop.", "Cake in a Cup __knowledge__ The shop opened Valentines Day 2008.", "Cake in a Cup __knowledge__ Lori Jacobs and Dana Iliev met while working at Grumpy's, a deli restaurant in Toledo.", "Cake in a Cup __knowledge__ After living in New York City, Jacobs did not like the gourmet cupcake shops found in the city but thought that a cupcake shop would be a good addition in Toledo.", "Cake in a Cup __knowledge__ Agreeing with Jacobs, the two bought a cupcake book, started making recipes, and developed their own business plan.", "Cake in a Cup __knowledge__ Before opening the shop, the two sold cupcakes out of Iliev's kitchen, neither one having any formal training." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cupcake __knowledge__ A cupcake (also British English: fairy cake; Hiberno-English: bun; Australian English: fairy cake or patty cake) is a small cake designed to serve one person, which may be baked in a small thin paper or aluminum cup.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ As with larger cakes, icing and other cake decorations such as fruit and candy may be applied.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ The earliest extant description of what is now often called a cupcake was in 1796, when a recipe for \"a light cake to bake in small cups\" was written in \"American Cookery\" by Amelia Simmons.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ The earliest extant documentation of the term \"cupcake\" itself was in \"Seventy-five Receipts for Pastry, Cakes, and Sweetmeats\" in 1828 in Eliza Leslie's \"Receipts\" cookbook.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ In the early 19th century, there were two different uses for the term \"cup cake\" or \"cupcake\".", "Cupcake __knowledge__ In previous centuries, before muffin tins were widely available, the cakes were often baked in individual pottery cups, ramekins, or molds and took their name from the cups they were baked in.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ This is the use of the name that has remained, and the name of \"cupcake\" is now given to any small, round cake that is about the size of a teacup.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ While English fairy cakes vary in size more than American cupcake, they are traditionally smaller and are rarely topped with elaborate icing.", "Chocolate chip cookie __knowledge__ A chocolate chip cookie is a drop cookie that originated in the United States and features chocolate chips (small morsels of sweetened chocolate) as its distinguishing ingredient.", "Chocolate chip cookie __knowledge__ Circa 1938, Ruth Graves Wakefield added chopped up bits from a Nestlé semi-sweet chocolate bar into a cookie.", "Chocolate chip cookie __knowledge__ The traditional recipe combines a dough composed of butter and both brown and white sugar, semi-sweet chocolate chips and vanilla.", "Chocolate chip cookie __knowledge__ Variations include recipes with other types of chocolate as well as additional ingredients such as nuts or oatmeal.", "Chocolate chip cookie __knowledge__ There are also vegan versions with ingredient substitutions such as vegan chocolate chips, vegan margarine, and so forth.", "Isa Chandra Moskowitz __knowledge__ Isa Chandra Moskowitz is an American author, magazine columnist, and former host of community access cooking show \"Post Punk Kitchen\".", "Isa Chandra Moskowitz __knowledge__ She has authored several best-selling cookbooks, including \"Vegan with a Vengeance\", \"Vegan Cupcakes Take Over the World\", \"Veganomicon\", \"Vegan Brunch\", \"Vegan Cookies Invade Your Cookie Jar\" and \"Appetite for Reduction\".", "Isa Chandra Moskowitz __knowledge__ Raised in Brooklyn, New York, and having dropped out of The High School of Music & Art, where she majored in fine art, Moskowitz found herself drawn toward the punk rock scene of the Lower East Side of Manhattan in the late 1980s, embracing first a vegetarian diet, then veganism.", "President's Choice __knowledge__ President's Choice (French: Le choix du Président) also known as “PC”, is a private label or store brand owned by Loblaw Companies Limited.", "President's Choice __knowledge__ President’s Choice includes a wide variety of grocery and household products, in addition to financial services and mobile phones.", "President's Choice __knowledge__ President’s Choice products are available across the company’s various retail banners, which include Loblaws, Loblaw Great Food, Dominion, No Frills, Real Canadian Superstore, Maxi, Provigo, Extra Foods, Your Independent Grocer, Atlantic Superstore, Zehrs Markets, Valu-mart, Fortinos, and Shoppers Drug Mart.", "President's Choice __knowledge__ Many storefronts promote themselves as \"The Home of President’s Choice\".", "Market cannibalism __knowledge__ Market cannibalization, market cannibalism, or corporate cannibalism is the practice of slashing the price of a product or introducing a new product into a market of established product categories.", "Market cannibalism __knowledge__ If a company is practising market cannibalization, it is seen to be eating its own market and in so doing, hoping to get a bigger share of it.", "Market cannibalism __knowledge__ Concretely, it refers to the principle of a newly introduced product B eating up the market shares of an already established product A, both usually coming from the same company.", "Market cannibalism __knowledge__ In this case, both products belong to the same category of products.", "Market cannibalism __knowledge__ This occurrence can have either a positive or negative impact on the company’s bottom line, can be accidental or deliberate, in which case it is commonly called cannibalisation strategy.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ Sprinkles Cupcakes is a Beverly Hills, California-based cupcake bakery chain established in 2005.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ It is considered one of the first cupcake bakeries.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ In 2002, Candace Nelson and her husband Charles Nelson, both investment bankers, visited Candace's sister in New York and tried the cupcakes at Magnolia Bakery.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ Candace decided that it was \"time for cupcakes to stop being the backup dancer to cakes\".", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ Having had started a custom cake business after attending Tante Marie's Pastry Program in San Francisco, she set her sights on cupcakes.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ \"I was taking orders for special occasion cakes which I came to realize are, by definition, reserved for special, infrequent occasions,\" she said.", "Wally Amos __knowledge__ Wallace \"Wally\" Amos, Jr. (born July 1, 1936) is an American TV personality, entrepreneur and author from Tallahassee, Florida.", "Wally Amos __knowledge__ He is the founder of the \"Famous Amos\" chocolate-chip cookie brand.", "Wally Amos __knowledge__ He also was the host of the adult reading program, \"Learn to Read\".", "Wally Amos __knowledge__ He resides in Kailua, Hawaii where he runs The Cookie Kahuna gourmet cookie brand.", "Wally Amos __knowledge__ Amos lived in Tallahassee, Florida, until he was twelve.", "Wally Amos __knowledge__ When his parents divorced, he moved to Manhattan, New York with his aunt, where he enrolled at the Food Trades Vocational High School.", "Wally Amos __knowledge__ He showed his interest in cooking at a young age, and it was from his aunt, who would bake cookies for him, that Amos would develop his chocolate chip cookie recipe.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ A wedding cake is the traditional cake served at wedding receptions following dinner.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ In some parts of England, the wedding cake is served at a wedding breakfast; the 'wedding breakfast' does not mean the meal will be held in the morning, but at a time following the ceremony on the same day.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ In modern Western culture, the cake is usually on display and served to guests at the reception.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Traditionally, wedding cakes were made to bring good luck to all guests and the couple.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Modernly however, they are more of a centerpiece to the wedding and are not always even served to the guests.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Some cakes are built with only a single edible tier for the bride and groom to share, but this is rare since the cost difference between fake and real tiers is minimal.", "Twelve Cupcakes __knowledge__ Twelve Cupcakes is a Singapore based chain cupcakeries selling cupcakes.", "Twelve Cupcakes __knowledge__ Owned by Dhunseri Group, the cupcakery was established in 2011 and is one of the largest in Singapore.", "Twelve Cupcakes __knowledge__ The company established a new dine-in cafe, Dulce and Sucre, in 2014 and currently it has 29 stores, in 4 different countries, with 16 located in Singapore.", "Twelve Cupcakes __knowledge__ The number '12' is significant in daily lives as there are 12 months in a year, 12 numbers on a clock and 12 holes in a typical baking tray.", "Twelve Cupcakes __knowledge__ Hence the name Twelve Cupcakes.", "Twelve Cupcakes __knowledge__ In 2011, Daniel Ong and Jaime Teo started Twelve Cupcakes with Jaime having created the recipes of all the cupcakes sold in the stores.", "Hostess CupCake __knowledge__ Hostess CupCake is a brand of snack cake formerly produced and distributed by Hostess Brands and currently owned by private equity firms Apollo Global Management and Metropoulos & Co. Its most common form is a chocolate cupcake with chocolate icing and vanilla creme filling, with eight distinctive white squiggles across the top.", "Hostess CupCake __knowledge__ However, other flavors have been available at times.", "Hostess CupCake __knowledge__ It has been claimed to be the first commercially produced cupcake and has become an iconic American brand.", "Hostess CupCake __knowledge__ The Hostess CupCake was first sold on May 11, 1919.", "Hostess CupCake __knowledge__ According to author Andrew F. Smith, it was the first commercially produced cupcake, originally produced by the Taggart Bakery as the Chocolate Cup Cake.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cake decorating is one of the sugar arts that uses icing or frosting and other edible decorative elements to make plain cakes more visually interesting.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Alternatively, cakes can be molded and sculpted to resemble three-dimensional persons, places and things.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cakes are decorated to mark a special celebration (such as a birthday or wedding).", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ They can also mark national or religious holidays, or be used to promote commercial enterprises.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ However, cakes may be baked and decorated for almost any social occasion.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ Cake decorating originated in 17th century Europe.", "Cake decorating __knowledge__ During the 1840s, the advent of temperature-controlled ovens and the production of baking powder made baking cakes much easier.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ Red tortoise cake () is a small round or oval shaped Chinese pastry with soft sticky glutinous rice flour skin wrapped around a sweet filling in the centre.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ It is molded to resemble a tortoise shell and is presented resting on a square piece of banana leaf.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ As suggested by its name, red tortoise cakes are traditionally red in color and has a sticky chewy texture when eaten.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ Red tortoise cakes are shaped like tortoise shells because the Chinese traditionally believed that eating tortoises would bring longevity to those who are eating it and bring about good fortune and prosperity.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ Considered to be auspicious items, these sweet pastries are especially prepared during important festivals such as Chinese New Year as offerings to the Chinese deities." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cupcake __knowledge__ A cupcake (also British English: fairy cake; Hiberno-English: bun; Australian English: fairy cake or patty cake) is a small cake designed to serve one person, which may be baked in a small thin paper or aluminum cup.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ As with larger cakes, icing and other cake decorations such as fruit and candy may be applied.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ The earliest extant description of what is now often called a cupcake was in 1796, when a recipe for \"a light cake to bake in small cups\" was written in \"American Cookery\" by Amelia Simmons.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ The earliest extant documentation of the term \"cupcake\" itself was in \"Seventy-five Receipts for Pastry, Cakes, and Sweetmeats\" in 1828 in Eliza Leslie's \"Receipts\" cookbook.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ In the early 19th century, there were two different uses for the term \"cup cake\" or \"cupcake\".", "Cupcake __knowledge__ In previous centuries, before muffin tins were widely available, the cakes were often baked in individual pottery cups, ramekins, or molds and took their name from the cups they were baked in.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ This is the use of the name that has remained, and the name of \"cupcake\" is now given to any small, round cake that is about the size of a teacup.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ While English fairy cakes vary in size more than American cupcake, they are traditionally smaller and are rarely topped with elaborate icing.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Second Chances is the eighth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Danny Cahill, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ This season premiered on NBC on Tuesday, September 15, 2009.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The season's theme meant that each of the candidates had met with heartbreak and tragedy during their lifetime.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ Among notable stories, Shay Sorrells grew up in foster care while her mother unsuccessfully struggled with heroin addiction, while Abby Rike lost her husband and children in a head-on collision caused by a speeding driver.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 3 is the ninth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Michael Ventrella, the finalist with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ It first aired January 5, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ After six episodes, \"The Biggest Loser\" went on hiatus and returned after the 2010 Winter Olympics on March 2, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The live finale aired on May 25, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The season premiered on NBC on January 5, 2010 and tallied its best premiere rating ever, powering NBC to the adults 18-49 ratings win for that night.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ \"Biggest Loser: Couples\" was up 2% from its January, 2009 premiere to a 4.6 adults 18-49 rating.", "Agave __knowledge__ Agave (US: , UK: , , Anglo-Hispanic: ) is a genus of monocots native to the hot and arid regions of Mexico and the Southwestern United States.", "Agave __knowledge__ Some agave species are also native to tropical areas of South America.", "Agave __knowledge__ The plants are perennial, but each rosette flowers once and then dies (see semelparity).", "Agave __knowledge__ Some species are known by the name \"century plant\".", "Agave __knowledge__ \"Agave tequilana\", agave azul or blue agave, is used in the production of tequila.", "Agave __knowledge__ Agave nectar, also called agave syrup, a sweetener derived from Agave sap, is used as an alternative to sugar in cooking, and can be added to breakfast cereals as a binding agent.", "The Biggest Loser (season 10) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Pay It Forward is the tenth season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 10) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Patrick House, the finalist with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 10) __knowledge__ It premiered on September 21, 2010 as the first season to be filmed in high definition, and concluded on December 14, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 10) __knowledge__ This season's cast consisted of twenty-one hopeful contestants, the most for a fall season.", "The Biggest Loser (season 10) __knowledge__ However, the elimination pre-game dropped the total to fourteen contestants as one hopeful from each city would be eliminated.", "Tequila __knowledge__ Tequila () is a regional distilled beverage and type of alcoholic drink made from the blue agave plant, primarily in the area surrounding the city of Tequila, northwest of Guadalajara, and in the highlands (\"Los Altos\") of the central western Mexican state of Jalisco.", "Tequila __knowledge__ Aside from differences in region of origin, tequila is a type of mezcal (and the regions of production of the two drinks are overlapping).", "Tequila __knowledge__ The distinction in the method of production is that tequila must use only blue agave plants rather than any type of agave.", "Tequila __knowledge__ Tequila is commonly served neat in Mexico and as a shot with salt and lime across the rest of the world.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ Johnny Cupcakes, Inc. (commonly known as Johnny Cupcakes) is a clothing brand founded in 2001 by Johnny Earle.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ The clothing line uses cupcakes as the prominent design motif of its merchandise, often replacing iconic symbols with cupcakes.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ The brand's insignia is a skull and crossbones, with a cupcake silhouette replacing the skull.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ The Johnny Cupcakes line includes T-shirts, shorts, sweaters, jewelry, undergarments, and pins.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ Its flagship store is located in Boston along with his online store, which ships worldwide.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ Earle says he initially started the Johnny Cupcakes brand \"dewas Dewan\".", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ The clothing line has its origins back in 2000 when Earle worked at the Newbury Comics music shop in Braintree, Massachusetts.", "Cake __knowledge__ Cake is a form of sweet dessert that is typically baked.", "Cake __knowledge__ In its oldest forms, cakes were modifications of breads, but cakes now cover a wide range of preparations that can be simple or elaborate, and that share features with other desserts such as pastries, meringues, custards, and pies.", "Cake __knowledge__ Typical cake ingredients are flour, sugar, eggs, butter or oil or margarine, a liquid, and leavening agents, such as baking soda or baking powder.", "Cake __knowledge__ Common additional ingredients and flavourings include dried, candied, or fresh fruit, nuts, cocoa, and extracts such as vanilla, with numerous substitutions for the primary ingredients.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ A wedding cake is the traditional cake served at wedding receptions following dinner.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ In some parts of England, the wedding cake is served at a wedding breakfast; the 'wedding breakfast' does not mean the meal will be held in the morning, but at a time following the ceremony on the same day.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ In modern Western culture, the cake is usually on display and served to guests at the reception.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Traditionally, wedding cakes were made to bring good luck to all guests and the couple.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Modernly however, they are more of a centerpiece to the wedding and are not always even served to the guests.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Some cakes are built with only a single edible tier for the bride and groom to share, but this is rare since the cost difference between fake and real tiers is minimal.", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters of the 2010-2011 Japanese tokusatsu series \"Kamen Rider OOO\".", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ is a young man desire to helps others while traveling.", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ When he falls asleep during his part-time job at the museum, Eiji unwittingly becomes entangled in the chain of events that occurred after the Greeed were released and gains the ability to become to fight them.", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ Eiji Hino is portrayed by .", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ is the bird-type Greeed, a dishonest wildcard who sees people for their flaws and is at odds with the other Greeed.", "List of Kamen Rider OOO characters __knowledge__ Ankh also believes that he has the right to get whatever he wants and detests having to give something away.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Fruitcake __knowledge__ Fruitcake (or fruit cake) is a cake made with candied or dried fruit, nuts, and spices, and optionally soaked in spirits.", "Fruitcake __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, certain rich versions may be iced and decorated.", "Fruitcake __knowledge__ Fruit cakes are typically served in celebration of weddings and Christmas.", "Fruitcake __knowledge__ Given their rich nature, fruit cakes are most often consumed on their own, as opposed to with condiments (such as butter or cream).", "Fruitcake __knowledge__ The earliest recipe from ancient Rome lists pomegranate seeds, pine nuts, and raisins that were mixed into barley mash.", "Fruitcake __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, honey, spices, and preserved fruits were added.", "Fruitcake __knowledge__ Fruit cakes soon proliferated all over Europe.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cupcake __knowledge__ A cupcake (also British English: fairy cake; Hiberno-English: bun; Australian English: fairy cake or patty cake) is a small cake designed to serve one person, which may be baked in a small thin paper or aluminum cup.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ As with larger cakes, icing and other cake decorations such as fruit and candy may be applied.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ The earliest extant description of what is now often called a cupcake was in 1796, when a recipe for \"a light cake to bake in small cups\" was written in \"American Cookery\" by Amelia Simmons.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ The earliest extant documentation of the term \"cupcake\" itself was in \"Seventy-five Receipts for Pastry, Cakes, and Sweetmeats\" in 1828 in Eliza Leslie's \"Receipts\" cookbook.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ In the early 19th century, there were two different uses for the term \"cup cake\" or \"cupcake\".", "Cupcake __knowledge__ In previous centuries, before muffin tins were widely available, the cakes were often baked in individual pottery cups, ramekins, or molds and took their name from the cups they were baked in.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ This is the use of the name that has remained, and the name of \"cupcake\" is now given to any small, round cake that is about the size of a teacup.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ While English fairy cakes vary in size more than American cupcake, they are traditionally smaller and are rarely topped with elaborate icing.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Chestnut __knowledge__ The chestnut (\"Castanea\") group is a genus of eight or nine species of deciduous trees and shrubs in the beech family Fagaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.", "Chestnut __knowledge__ The name also refers to the edible nuts they produce.", "Chestnut __knowledge__ Chestnuts belong to the family Fagaceae, which also includes oaks and beeches.", "Chestnut __knowledge__ The four main species are commonly known as European, Chinese, Japanese, and American chestnuts, some species called chinkapin or chinquapin: Chestnuts should not be confused with horse chestnuts (genus \"Aesculus\"), which are not related to \"Castanea\" and are named for producing nuts of similar appearance, but which are mildly poisonous to humans, nor should they be confused with water chestnut (family Cyperaceae), which are also unrelated to \"Castanea\" and are tubers of similar taste from an aquatic herbaceous plant.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A pancake (or hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack) is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan, often frying with oil or butter.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In Britain, pancakes are often unleavened and resemble a crêpe.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In North America, a leavening agent is used (typically baking powder).", "Pancake __knowledge__ American pancakes are similar to Scotch pancakes or drop scones.", "Pancake __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence suggests that pancakes were probably the earliest and most widespread cereal food eaten in prehistoric societies.", "Pancake __knowledge__ The pancake's shape and structure varies worldwide.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ A great variety of cassava-based dishes are consumed in the regions where cassava (manioc, \"Manihot esculenta\") is cultivated, and they include many national or ethnic specialities.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ As a food ingredient, cassava root is somewhat similar to the potato, in that, like the potato, it is starchy, inedible when raw, and bland in flavor when cooked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Indeed, cassava can replace the potato in many dishes and can be prepared in similar ways – it can be boiled, mashed, fried or baked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Unlike the potato, however, cassava is mostly a tropical crop, and its peculiar characteristics have led to some unique recipes, such as sweet puddings, which have no common potato version.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "Halva __knowledge__ Halva (\"halawa\", \"alva\", \"haleweh\", \"halava\", \"helava\", \"helva\", \"halwa\", \"halua\", \"aluva\", \"chalva\", \"chałwa\") is any of various dense, sweet confections served across the Middle East, South Asia, Central Asia, West Asia, the Caucasus, North Africa, the Horn of Africa, the Balkans, Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Malta and the Jewish diaspora.", "Halva __knowledge__ In some Indian cultures, the dish is known as a soup-based sweet.", "Halva __knowledge__ Identical sweets exist in other countries, such as China, though these are not generally referred to as \"halva\".", "Halva __knowledge__ In global, popular usage it means \"desserts\" or \"sweet\", and describes two types of desserts: Halva may also be based on various other ingredients, including beans, lentils, and vegetables such as carrots, pumpkins, yams and squashes.", "Agave __knowledge__ Agave (US: , UK: , , Anglo-Hispanic: ) is a genus of monocots native to the hot and arid regions of Mexico and the Southwestern United States.", "Agave __knowledge__ Some agave species are also native to tropical areas of South America.", "Agave __knowledge__ The plants are perennial, but each rosette flowers once and then dies (see semelparity).", "Agave __knowledge__ Some species are known by the name \"century plant\".", "Agave __knowledge__ \"Agave tequilana\", agave azul or blue agave, is used in the production of tequila.", "Agave __knowledge__ Agave nectar, also called agave syrup, a sweetener derived from Agave sap, is used as an alternative to sugar in cooking, and can be added to breakfast cereals as a binding agent.", "Mezcal __knowledge__ Mezcal (or mescal) () is a distilled alcoholic beverage made from any type of agave plant native to Mexico.", "Mezcal __knowledge__ The word \"mezcal\" comes from Nahuatl \"mexcalli\" \"metl\" and \"ixcalli\" which means \"oven-cooked agave\".", "Mezcal __knowledge__ The agave grows in many parts of Mexico, though most mezcal is made in Oaxaca.", "Mezcal __knowledge__ It can also be made in Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas, Michoacan and the recently approved Puebla.", "Mezcal __knowledge__ A saying attributed to Oaxaca regarding the drink is: \"\"Para todo mal, mezcal, y para todo bien, también.\"\"", "Mezcal __knowledge__ (\"For everything bad, mezcal, and for everything good as well.\").", "Mezcal __knowledge__ It is unclear whether distilled drinks were produced in Mexico before the Spanish Conquest.", "Tequila __knowledge__ Tequila () is a regional distilled beverage and type of alcoholic drink made from the blue agave plant, primarily in the area surrounding the city of Tequila, northwest of Guadalajara, and in the highlands (\"Los Altos\") of the central western Mexican state of Jalisco.", "Tequila __knowledge__ Aside from differences in region of origin, tequila is a type of mezcal (and the regions of production of the two drinks are overlapping).", "Tequila __knowledge__ The distinction in the method of production is that tequila must use only blue agave plants rather than any type of agave.", "Tequila __knowledge__ Tequila is commonly served neat in Mexico and as a shot with salt and lime across the rest of the world.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ Sprinkles Cupcakes is a Beverly Hills, California-based cupcake bakery chain established in 2005.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ It is considered one of the first cupcake bakeries.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ In 2002, Candace Nelson and her husband Charles Nelson, both investment bankers, visited Candace's sister in New York and tried the cupcakes at Magnolia Bakery.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ Candace decided that it was \"time for cupcakes to stop being the backup dancer to cakes\".", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ Having had started a custom cake business after attending Tante Marie's Pastry Program in San Francisco, she set her sights on cupcakes.", "Sprinkles Cupcakes __knowledge__ \"I was taking orders for special occasion cakes which I came to realize are, by definition, reserved for special, infrequent occasions,\" she said.", "Jalisco __knowledge__ Jalisco (; ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Jalisco ( ), is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico.", "Jalisco __knowledge__ It is located in Western Mexico and is bordered by six states which are Nayarit, Zacatecas, Aguascalientes, Guanajuato, Michoacan and Colima.", "Jalisco __knowledge__ Jalisco is divided into 125 municipalities, and its capital city is Guadalajara.", "Jalisco __knowledge__ Jalisco is one of the most important states in Mexico because of its natural resources as well as its history.", "Jalisco __knowledge__ Many of the characteristic traits of Mexican culture, particularly outside Mexico City, are originally from Jalisco, such as mariachi, ranchera music, birria, tequila, jaripeo, etc.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ Johnny Cupcakes, Inc. (commonly known as Johnny Cupcakes) is a clothing brand founded in 2001 by Johnny Earle.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ The clothing line uses cupcakes as the prominent design motif of its merchandise, often replacing iconic symbols with cupcakes.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ The brand's insignia is a skull and crossbones, with a cupcake silhouette replacing the skull.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ The Johnny Cupcakes line includes T-shirts, shorts, sweaters, jewelry, undergarments, and pins.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ Its flagship store is located in Boston along with his online store, which ships worldwide.", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ Earle says he initially started the Johnny Cupcakes brand \"dewas Dewan\".", "Johnny Cupcakes __knowledge__ The clothing line has its origins back in 2000 when Earle worked at the Newbury Comics music shop in Braintree, Massachusetts." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cupcake __knowledge__ A cupcake (also British English: fairy cake; Hiberno-English: bun; Australian English: fairy cake or patty cake) is a small cake designed to serve one person, which may be baked in a small thin paper or aluminum cup.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ As with larger cakes, icing and other cake decorations such as fruit and candy may be applied.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ The earliest extant description of what is now often called a cupcake was in 1796, when a recipe for \"a light cake to bake in small cups\" was written in \"American Cookery\" by Amelia Simmons.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ The earliest extant documentation of the term \"cupcake\" itself was in \"Seventy-five Receipts for Pastry, Cakes, and Sweetmeats\" in 1828 in Eliza Leslie's \"Receipts\" cookbook.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ In the early 19th century, there were two different uses for the term \"cup cake\" or \"cupcake\".", "Cupcake __knowledge__ In previous centuries, before muffin tins were widely available, the cakes were often baked in individual pottery cups, ramekins, or molds and took their name from the cups they were baked in.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ This is the use of the name that has remained, and the name of \"cupcake\" is now given to any small, round cake that is about the size of a teacup.", "Cupcake __knowledge__ While English fairy cakes vary in size more than American cupcake, they are traditionally smaller and are rarely topped with elaborate icing.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ This is a listing of significant characters in Charlaine Harris's \"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\" / Sookie Stackhouse novels only.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ HBO created a television series called \"True Blood\" based on the novels.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ Sookie is the main character of \"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\", and resides in the fictional town of Bon Temps, in rural, northern Louisiana.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ In the first novel, \"Dead Until Dark\", she describes herself as being 25 years old, with blond hair and blue eyes.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ She also states: “my legs are strong and my bosom is substantial, and I have a waspy waistline”.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ She is written to wear a ladies size 8-10, most of the time a 10.", "Jan Pietersz Beelthouwer __knowledge__ Jan Pieterszoon Beelthouwer (c.1603—c.1665) was a Dutch Collegiant controversialist of unorthodox beliefs from Enkhuizen.", "Jan Pietersz Beelthouwer __knowledge__ He propagated Socinian views.", "Jan Pietersz Beelthouwer __knowledge__ From around 1644 he had public debates with Isaac Montalto, Jacob Judah Leon and Menasseh ben Israel, Sephardic Jews of Amsterdam.", "Jan Pietersz Beelthouwer __knowledge__ He was regarded as a heretic in Enkhuizen from 1656.", "Jan Pietersz Beelthouwer __knowledge__ He wrote against the conservative Mennonite apothecary Lambert Bidloo.", "HMS Amelia (1796) __knowledge__ Proserpine was a 38-gun \"Hébé\"-class frigate of the French Navy launched in 1785 that captured on 13 June 1796.", "HMS Amelia (1796) __knowledge__ The Admiralty commissioned \"Proserpine\" into the Royal Navy as the fifth rate, HMS \"Amelia\".", "HMS Amelia (1796) __knowledge__ She spent 20 years in the Royal Navy, participating in numerous actions in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, capturing a number of prizes, and serving on anti-smuggling and anti-slavery patrols.", "HMS Amelia (1796) __knowledge__ Her most notable action was her intense and bloody, but inconclusive, fight with \"Aréthuse\" in 1813.", "HMS Amelia (1796) __knowledge__ \"Amelia\" was broken up in December 1816.", "HMS Amelia (1796) __knowledge__ \"Proserpine\" was a \"Hébé\"-class frigate built for the French Navy of the \"Ancien Régime\" in Brest.", "List of Emmerdale characters (2011) __knowledge__ The following is a list of minor characters that first appeared in the British soap opera \"Emmerdale\" in 2011, by order of first appearance.", "List of Emmerdale characters (2011) __knowledge__ Flynn Buchanan, played by Ryan Prescott, made his first on-screen appearance on 31 January 2011.", "List of Emmerdale characters (2011) __knowledge__ Flynn was introduced as a love interest for Aaron Livesy.", "List of Emmerdale characters (2011) __knowledge__ The character and casting was announced in January 2011.", "List of Emmerdale characters (2011) __knowledge__ Prescott landed the role of Flynn shortly after graduating from a performing arts degree.", "List of Emmerdale characters (2011) __knowledge__ He began filming his first scenes in late November 2010.", "List of Emmerdale characters (2011) __knowledge__ Prescott told \"The Champion\" that he had been recognised from being in \"Emmerdale\".", "List of Emmerdale characters (2011) __knowledge__ He said \"The storyline in \"Emmerdale\" was so big already that it's brought a lot of publicity, I signed my first couple of autographs the other day which was weird.\"", "Vanity Fair (novel) __knowledge__ Vanity Fair is an English novel by William Makepeace Thackeray which follows the lives of Becky Sharp and Emmy Sedley amid their friends and families during and after the Napoleonic Wars.", "Vanity Fair (novel) __knowledge__ It was first published as a 19-volume monthly serial from 1847 to 1848, carrying the subtitle PenandPencilSketches of EnglishSociety, reflecting both its satirisation of early 19th-century British society and the many illustrations drawn by Thackeray to accompany the text.", "Vanity Fair (novel) __knowledge__ It was published as a single volume in 1848 with the subtitle ANovelwithoutaHero, reflecting Thackeray's interest in deconstructing his era's conventions regarding literary heroism.", "Battle of Sailor's Creek __knowledge__ The Battle of Sailor's Creek (also known in whole or in part as Sayler's Creek, Little Sailor's Creek, Harper's Farm, Marshall's Cross Roads, Hillsman Farm, Double Bridges, or Lockett's Farm) was fought on April 6, 1865, near Farmville, Virginia, as part of the Appomattox Campaign, near the end of the American Civil War.", "Battle of Sailor's Creek __knowledge__ It was the largest battle of the Appomattox Campaign and the last major engagement between the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia and local Richmond area defense forces commanded by General Robert E. Lee and the Union Army (Army of the Shenandoah, Army of the Potomac and Army of the James) under the overall direction of Union General-in-Chief Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant before Lee's surrender of his army to Grant at Appomattox Court House three days later.", "Amelia Shepherd __knowledge__ Amelia Shepherd, M.D.", "Amelia Shepherd __knowledge__ is a fictional character on the ABC American television medical drama \"Private Practice\", and the spinoff series' progenitor show, \"Grey's Anatomy\", portrayed by Caterina Scorsone.", "Amelia Shepherd __knowledge__ In her debut appearance in season three, Amelia visited her former sister-in-law, Addison Montgomery, and became a partner at the Oceanside Wellness Group.", "Amelia Shepherd __knowledge__ After \"Private Practice\" ended its run, Scorsone recurred on the tenth season of \"Grey's Anatomy\", before becoming a series regular in season eleven.", "Amelia Shepherd __knowledge__ Amelia Shepherd is the youngest sister of Dr. Derek Shepherd, and like her brother, an excellent neurosurgeon.", "American Cookery __knowledge__ American Cookery, by Amelia Simmons, is the first known cookbook written by an American, published in Hartford, Connecticut in 1796.", "American Cookery __knowledge__ Until then, the cookbooks printed and used in the Thirteen Colonies were British.", "American Cookery __knowledge__ Its full title is: \"American Cookery, or the art of dressing viands, fish, poultry, and vegetables, and the best modes of making pastes, puffs, pies, tarts, puddings, custards, and preserves, and all kinds of cakes, from the imperial plum to plain cake: Adapted to this country, and all grades of life.\"", "American Cookery __knowledge__ This book was quite popular and was printed, reprinted and pirated for 30 years after its first appearance.", "Caraway seed cake __knowledge__ Seed cake is a traditional British cake flavoured with caraway or other flavourful seeds.", "Caraway seed cake __knowledge__ Caraway seeds have been long used in British cookery, and at one time caraway-seed biscuits were prepared to mark the end of the sowing of the spring wheat.", "Caraway seed cake __knowledge__ These particular biscuits later evolved into this distinctively flavoured tea cake.", "Caraway seed cake __knowledge__ James Matterer reports that recipes for seed cake are found in A.W.", "Caraway seed cake __knowledge__ 's \"Book of Cookrye\" (1591) and \"The English Huswife\" by Gervase Markham (1615).", "Caraway seed cake __knowledge__ The cake was popular in the 1700s, and through the Victorian era.", "Caraway seed cake __knowledge__ Recipes for it are included in many early cookbooks, including Hannah Glasse's \"The Art of Cookery made Plain and Easy\" (1747) (note that there are recipes for both \"\"cheap seed-cake\"\" and \"\"a rich seed-cake, called the nun's cake\"\"), Elizabeth Moxon's \"English Housewifery Exemplified\" (1764), Amelia Simmons' \"American Cookery\" (1796), Mary Eaton's \"The Cook and Housekeeper's Complete and Universal Dictionary\" (1822), and Isabella Beeton's \"Book of Household Management\" (1861).", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ This is a history of women in the United States since 1776, and of the Thirteen Colonies before that.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ The reliable sources on the topic were thin before the 1960s.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ Since then the study of women's history has been a major scholarly and popular field, with many scholarly books and articles, museum exhibits, and courses in schools and universities.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ The roles of women were long ignored in textbooks and popular histories.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ By the 1960s, women were being presented as successful as male roles.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ An early feminist approach underscored their victimization and inferior status at the hands of men.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ In the 21st century writers have emphasized the distinctive strengths displayed inside the community of women, with special concern for minorities among women.", "Pound cake __knowledge__ Pound cake refers to a type of cake traditionally made with a pound of each of four ingredients: flour, butter, eggs, and sugar.", "Pound cake __knowledge__ However, any cake made with a 1:1:1:1 ratio, by weight, of flour, butter, eggs, and sugar may also be called a pound cake, as it yields the same results.", "Pound cake __knowledge__ Pound cakes are generally baked in either a loaf pan or a Bundt mold, and served either dusted with powdered sugar, lightly glazed, or sometimes with a coat of icing.", "Pound cake __knowledge__ It is believed that the pound cake is of northern European origin that dates back to the early 1700s.", "Pound cake __knowledge__ A recipe for pound cake is in the first American cookbook, \"American Cookery\", which was published in 1796.", "Gingerbread __knowledge__ Gingerbread refers to a broad category of baked goods, typically flavored with ginger, cloves, nutmeg or cinnamon and sweetened with honey, sugar or molasses.", "Gingerbread __knowledge__ Gingerbread foods vary, ranging from a soft, moist loaf cake to something close to a ginger biscuit.", "Gingerbread __knowledge__ Originally, the term \"gingerbread\" (from Latin \"zingiber\" via Old French \"gingebras\") referred to preserved ginger.", "Gingerbread __knowledge__ It then referred to a confection made with honey and spices.", "Gingerbread __knowledge__ \"Gingerbread\" is often used to translate the French term \"pain d'épices\" (literally \"spice bread\") or the German term Lebkuchen (The etymology of \"Leb\" is uncertain." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 28, 3, 7 ]

[ "That is awesome! Cupcakes are also known as fairy cakes or patty cakes and are designed to serve one person. What is your specialty?", "That sounds yummy and like a great idea! As with larger cakes, icing and other toppings can be fruit and candy as well. So your business is doing well?", "Agave is typically thought of as South American and tropical areas. How do you apply this to your cupcakes?", "I'm very impressed and congratulations! The earliest description o what is now called a cupcake was in 1796 when a recipe called for a light cake in small cups. It was written in American Cookery by Amelia Simmons. ", "I wish you the best of luck on your cupcakes, which has been the name to any small round cake the size of a teapcup. I wish you much success!" ]

[ "Cupcake", "Cupcake", "Cupcake", "Cupcake", "Cupcake" ]

[ "Sewing\nsewing has been around for quite some time", "wow thats insanely old", "yea i bet that takes so much time", "yea thats when things got interesting" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a needle and thread.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age people across Europe and Asia sewed fur and skin clothing using bone, antler or ivory needles and \"thread\" made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut, and veins.", "Sewing __knowledge__ For thousands of years, all sewing was done by hand.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The invention of the sewing machine in the 19th century and the rise of computerization in the 20th century led to mass production and export of sewn objects, but hand sewing is still practiced around the world.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Fine hand sewing is a characteristic of high-quality tailoring, haute couture fashion, and custom dressmaking, and is pursued by both textile artists and hobbyists as a means of creative expression.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The first known use of the word \"sewing\" was in the 14th century.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing has an ancient history estimated to begin during the Paleolithic Age.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing was used to stitch together animal hides for clothing and for shelter.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The Inuit, for example, used sinew from caribou for thread and needles made of bone; the indigenous peoples of the American Plains and Canadian Prairies used sophisticated sewing methods to assemble tipi shelters.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ A sewing machine is a machine used to stitch fabric and other materials together with thread.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Sewing machines were invented during the first Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work performed in clothing companies.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Since the invention of the first working sewing machine, generally considered to have been the work of Englishman Thomas Saint in 1790, the sewing machine has greatly improved the efficiency and productivity of the clothing industry.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Home sewing machines are designed for one person to sew individual items while using a single stitch type.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ In a modern sewing machine the fabric easily glides in and out of the machine without the inconvenience of needles and thimbles and other such tools used in hand sewing, automating the process of stitching and saving time.", "Singer Corporation __knowledge__ Singer Corporation is an American manufacturer of sewing machines, first established as I. M. Singer & Co. in 1851 by Isaac Merritt Singer with New York lawyer Edward Clark.", "Singer Corporation __knowledge__ Best known for its sewing machines, it was renamed Singer Manufacturing Company in 1865, then The Singer Company in 1963.", "Singer Corporation __knowledge__ It is based in La Vergne, Tennessee, near Nashville.", "Singer Corporation __knowledge__ Its first large factory for mass production was built in Elizabeth, New Jersey, in 1863.", "Singer Corporation __knowledge__ Singer’s original design, which was the first practical sewing machine for general domestic use, incorporated the basic eye-pointed needle and lock stitch developed by Elias Howe, who won a patent-infringement suit against Singer in 1854.", "Bernina International __knowledge__ Bernina International AG is a privately owned international manufacturer of sewing and embroidery systems.", "Bernina International __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1893 in Steckborn, Switzerland, by a Swiss inventor Fritz Gegauf.", "Bernina International __knowledge__ The company develops, manufactures and sells goods and services for the textile market, primarily household sewing-related products in the fields of embroidery, quilting, home textiles, garment sewing and crafting.", "Bernina International __knowledge__ The origins of the company lie in the invention of the hemstitch sewing machine, invented in 1893 by a Swiss inventor and entrepreneur Karl Friedrich Gegauf.", "Bernina International __knowledge__ Currently, the company's products include sewing machines, embroidery machines, serger/overlocker machines, and computer software for embroidery design.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik clothing (Yup'ik \"aturaq\" \"aturak\" \"aturat\" , \"aklu\", \"akluq\", \"un’u\" ; also, \"piluguk\" in Unaliq-Pastuliq dialect, \"aklu\", \"cangssagar\", \"un’u\" in Nunivak dialect) refers to the traditional Eskimo-style clothing worn by the Yupik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik clothing for the Chevak Cup'ik-speaking people of Chevak and Cup'ig clothing for the Nunivak Cup'ig-speaking people of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ The traditional clothing system developed and used by the Eskimo peoples is the most effective cold weather clothing developed to date.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik women made clothes and footwear from animal skins (especially hide and fur of marine and land mammals for fur clothing, sometimes birds, also fish), sewn together using needles made from animal bones, walrus ivory, and bird bones such as front part of a crane's foot and threads made from other animal products, such as sinew.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "Quilt __knowledge__ A quilt is a multi-layered textile, traditionally composed of three layers of fiber: a woven cloth top, a layer of batting or wadding, and a woven back, combined using the technique of quilting, the process of sewing the three layers together.", "Quilt __knowledge__ The pattern of stitching can be the key decorative element if a single piece of fabric is used for the top of a quilt, (a \"wholecloth quilt\"), but in many cases the top is pieced from a patchwork of smaller fabric pieces; and the pattern and color of these pieces will be important to the design.", "Quilt __knowledge__ In the twenty-first century, quilts are frequently displayed as non-utilitarian works of art but historically quilts were often used as bedcovers; and this use persists today." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a needle and thread.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age people across Europe and Asia sewed fur and skin clothing using bone, antler or ivory needles and \"thread\" made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut, and veins.", "Sewing __knowledge__ For thousands of years, all sewing was done by hand.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The invention of the sewing machine in the 19th century and the rise of computerization in the 20th century led to mass production and export of sewn objects, but hand sewing is still practiced around the world.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Fine hand sewing is a characteristic of high-quality tailoring, haute couture fashion, and custom dressmaking, and is pursued by both textile artists and hobbyists as a means of creative expression.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The first known use of the word \"sewing\" was in the 14th century.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing has an ancient history estimated to begin during the Paleolithic Age.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing was used to stitch together animal hides for clothing and for shelter.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The Inuit, for example, used sinew from caribou for thread and needles made of bone; the indigenous peoples of the American Plains and Canadian Prairies used sophisticated sewing methods to assemble tipi shelters.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Landless Workers' Movement __knowledge__ Landless Workers' Movement (, MST) is a social movement in Brazil, inspired by Marxism , generally regarded as one of the largest in Latin America with an estimated informal membership of 1.5 million membership across 23 of Brazil's 26 states.", "Landless Workers' Movement __knowledge__ MST defines its goals as access to the land for poor workers through land reform in Brazil and activism around social issues that make land ownership more difficult to achieve, such as unequal income distribution, racism, sexism, and media monopolies.", "Landless Workers' Movement __knowledge__ MST strives to achieve a self-sustainable way of life for the rural poor.", "Landless Workers' Movement __knowledge__ The MST differs from previous land reform movements in its single-issue focus; land reform for them is a self-justifying cause.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ \"Daddy Wouldn’t Buy Me a Bow Wow\" is a song written in 1892 by prolific English songwriter Joseph Tabrar.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ It was written for, and first performed in 1892 by, Vesta Victoria at the South London Palace, holding a kitten.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ The same year it was recorded by Silas Leachman for the North American Phonograph Co. of Chicago (Talking Machine Company of Chicago/Chicago Talking Machine).", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ In 1895 Toulouse-Lautrec painted May Belfort singing it.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ The comedian Arthur Roberts also had success in the 1890s with the song.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ The song featured in the 1934 musical movie \"Evergreen\", sung by Jessie Matthews, and was also revived after World War II.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ The Paleolithic (or \"Palaeolithic\") age is a prehistoric period of human history distinguished by the development of the most primitive stone tools and covers roughly 95% of human technological prehistory.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ It extends from the earliest known use of stone tools, probably by \"Homo habilis\" initially, 2.6 million years ago, to the end of the Pleistocene around 10,000 BP.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ The Paleolithic era is followed by the Mesolithic.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ The date of the Paleolithic–Mesolithic boundary may vary by locality as much as several thousand years.", "Paleolithic __knowledge__ During the Paleolithic period, humans grouped together in small societies such as bands, and subsisted by gathering plants and fishing, hunting or scavenging wild animals.", "Stone Age __knowledge__ The Stone Age was a broad prehistoric period during which stone was widely used to make implements with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface.", "Stone Age __knowledge__ The period lasted roughly 3.4 million years and ended between 8700 BCE and 2000 BCE with the advent of metalworking.", "Stone Age __knowledge__ Stone Age artifacts include tools used by modern humans and by their predecessor species in the genus \"Homo\", and possibly by the earlier partly contemporaneous genera \"Australopithecus\" and \"Paranthropus\".", "Stone Age __knowledge__ Bone tools were used during this period as well but are rarely preserved in the archaeological record.", "Stone Age __knowledge__ The Stone Age is further subdivided by the types of stone tools in use.", "Urheimat __knowledge__ Urheimat (; ; from a German compound of \"ur-\" \"original\" and \"Heimat\" \"home, homeland\") is a term in historical linguistics, which denotes the area where the proto-language of a language family was spoken.", "Urheimat __knowledge__ A proto-language, reconstructed or known, is a parent language of a group of genetically related languages.", "Urheimat __knowledge__ Depending on the age of the language family under consideration, its homeland may be known with near-certainty (in the case of historical or near-historical migrations) or it may be very uncertain (in the case of deep prehistory).", "Urheimat __knowledge__ The reconstruction of a prehistorical homeland makes use of a variety of disciplines, including archaeology and archaeogenetics.", "Paleolithic diet __knowledge__ The Paleolithic diet (also called the paleo diet, caveman diet or stone-age diet) is a modern fad diet requiring the sole or predominant consumption of foods presumed to have been the only foods available or consumed by humans during the Paleolithic era.", "Paleolithic diet __knowledge__ The digestive abilities of anatomically modern humans, however, are different from those of Paleolithic humans, which undermines the diet's core premise.", "Paleolithic diet __knowledge__ During the 2.6-million-year-long Paleolithic era, the highly variable climate and worldwide spread of human populations meant that humans were, by necessity, nutritionally adaptable.", "Paleolithic diet __knowledge__ Supporters of the diet mistakenly presuppose that human digestion has remained essentially unchanged over time.", "History of Austria __knowledge__ The history of Austria covers the history of Austria and its predecessor states, from the early Stone Age to the present state.", "History of Austria __knowledge__ The name \"Ostarrîchi\" (Austria) has been in use since 996 AD when it was a margravate of the Duchy of Bavaria and from 1156 an independent duchy (later archduchy) of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (\"Heiliges Römisches Reich\" 962–1806).", "History of Austria __knowledge__ Austria was dominated by the House of Habsburg (\"Haus Österreich\") from 1273 to 1806, when the Holy Roman Empire came to an end.", "History of Austria __knowledge__ Austria then became the Austrian Empire, a part of the German Confederation until the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, which Austria lost and was subsequently excluded from German affairs.", "Margaret Conkey __knowledge__ Margaret W. Conkey (born 1943) is an American archaeologist and academic, who specializes in the Magdalenian period of the Upper Paleolithic in the French Pyrénées.", "Margaret Conkey __knowledge__ Her research focuses on cave art produced during this period.", "Margaret Conkey __knowledge__ Conkey is noted as one of the first archaeologists to explore the issues of gender and feminist perspectives in archaeology and in past human societies, using feminist theory to reinterpret images and objects from the Paleolithic Era or the late Ice Age.", "Margaret Conkey __knowledge__ She is Professor Emerita of Anthropology (formerly, Class of 1960 Professor and Director of the Archaeological Research Facility) at the University of California, Berkeley.", "Prehistoric art __knowledge__ In the history of art, prehistoric art is all art produced in preliterate, prehistorical cultures beginning somewhere in very late geological history, and generally continuing until that culture either develops writing or other methods of record-keeping, or makes significant contact with another culture that has, and that makes some record of major historical events.", "Prehistoric art __knowledge__ At this point ancient art begins, for the older literate cultures.", "Prehistoric art __knowledge__ The end-date for what is covered by the term thus varies greatly between different parts of the world.", "Prehistoric art __knowledge__ The earliest human artifacts showing evidence of workmanship with an artistic purpose are the subject of some debate." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a needle and thread.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age people across Europe and Asia sewed fur and skin clothing using bone, antler or ivory needles and \"thread\" made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut, and veins.", "Sewing __knowledge__ For thousands of years, all sewing was done by hand.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The invention of the sewing machine in the 19th century and the rise of computerization in the 20th century led to mass production and export of sewn objects, but hand sewing is still practiced around the world.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Fine hand sewing is a characteristic of high-quality tailoring, haute couture fashion, and custom dressmaking, and is pursued by both textile artists and hobbyists as a means of creative expression.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The first known use of the word \"sewing\" was in the 14th century.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing has an ancient history estimated to begin during the Paleolithic Age.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing was used to stitch together animal hides for clothing and for shelter.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The Inuit, for example, used sinew from caribou for thread and needles made of bone; the indigenous peoples of the American Plains and Canadian Prairies used sophisticated sewing methods to assemble tipi shelters.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ In the game of poker, the play largely centers on the act of betting, and as such, a protocol has been developed to speed up play, lessen confusion, and increase security while playing.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ Different games are played using different types of bets, and small variations in etiquette exist between cardrooms, but for the most part the following rules and protocol are observed by the majority of poker players.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ Players in a poker game act in turn, in clockwise rotation (acting out of turn can negatively affect other players).", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ When it is a player's turn to act, the first verbal declaration or action they take binds them to their choice of action; this rule prevents a player from changing their action after seeing how other players react to their initial, verbal action.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ The Shire of Yea was a local government area about northeast of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ The shire covered an area of , and existed from 1869 until 1994.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ The shire's population was dominated by the town of Yea.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ Yea was first incorporated as a road district on 1 February 1869, and became a shire on 28 November 1873.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ Its boundaries changed a number of times throughout its existence: The Shire was described in the 1949 Australian Blue Book as an elevated area given to pastoral and dairying pursuits, along with sheep and cattle grazing.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ By 1994, 51% of Yea's land was under cultivation as farmland, with the Kinglake National Park and Yea River Regional Park as well as the Murrindindi Forest, the latter being important to Yea's economy for timber production, accounting for much of the rest.", "Roulette __knowledge__ Roulette is a casino game named after the French word meaning \"little wheel\".", "Roulette __knowledge__ In the game, players may choose to place bets on either a single number, various groupings of numbers, the colors red or black, whether the number is odd or even, or if the numbers are high (19–36) or low (1–18).", "Roulette __knowledge__ Interestingly, the sum of all the numbers on the roulette wheel (from 0 to 36) is 666, which is the \"Number of the Beast\".", "Roulette __knowledge__ One legend says that François Blanc made a deal with the devil to obtain the secrets of roulette.", "Roulette __knowledge__ To determine the winning number and color, a croupier spins a wheel in one direction, then spins a ball in the opposite direction around a tilted circular track running around the circumference of the wheel.", "I Bet (Ciara song) __knowledge__ \"I Bet\" is a song by American singer Ciara from her sixth studio album, \"Jackie\" (2015).", "I Bet (Ciara song) __knowledge__ Released as the lead single from the album by Epic Records on January 26, 2015, \"I Bet\" serves as Ciara's first single following the birth of her first child and widely publicized break-up with American rapper Future.", "I Bet (Ciara song) __knowledge__ The song was written by the singer, Harmony \"H-Money\" Samuels and Timothy and Theron Thomas of the production duo Rock City.", "I Bet (Ciara song) __knowledge__ It was produced by Samuels, and Chris \"TEK\" O'Ryan was responsible for its vocal production.", "I Bet (Ciara song) __knowledge__ Developed as a \"raw\" and emotional track originating from a personal place in Ciara's life, \"I Bet\" was intended to resonate as \"much bigger than any one person's experience\".", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ A sewing machine is a machine used to stitch fabric and other materials together with thread.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Sewing machines were invented during the first Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work performed in clothing companies.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Since the invention of the first working sewing machine, generally considered to have been the work of Englishman Thomas Saint in 1790, the sewing machine has greatly improved the efficiency and productivity of the clothing industry.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Home sewing machines are designed for one person to sew individual items while using a single stitch type.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ In a modern sewing machine the fabric easily glides in and out of the machine without the inconvenience of needles and thimbles and other such tools used in hand sewing, automating the process of stitching and saving time.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk (Oglala Lakota: \"Čhetáŋ Kiŋyáŋ\" in Standard Lakota Orthography; a/k/a Moses Flying Hawk; March 1854 – December 24, 1931) was an Oglala Lakota warrior, historian, educator and philosopher.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk's life chronicles the history of the Oglala Lakota people through the 19th and early 20th centuries, as he fought to deflect the worst effects of white rule; educate his people and preserve sacred Oglala Lakota land and heritage.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Chief Flying Hawk was a combatant in Red Cloud's War and in nearly all of the fights with the U.S. Army during the Great Sioux War of 1876.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ He fought alongside his first cousin Crazy Horse and his brothers Kicking Bear and Black Fox II in the Battle of the Little Big Horn in 1876, and was present at the death of Crazy Horse in 1877 and the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1890.", "Quilt __knowledge__ A quilt is a multi-layered textile, traditionally composed of three layers of fiber: a woven cloth top, a layer of batting or wadding, and a woven back, combined using the technique of quilting, the process of sewing the three layers together.", "Quilt __knowledge__ The pattern of stitching can be the key decorative element if a single piece of fabric is used for the top of a quilt, (a \"wholecloth quilt\"), but in many cases the top is pieced from a patchwork of smaller fabric pieces; and the pattern and color of these pieces will be important to the design.", "Quilt __knowledge__ In the twenty-first century, quilts are frequently displayed as non-utilitarian works of art but historically quilts were often used as bedcovers; and this use persists today.", "History of quilting __knowledge__ Quilting, the stitching together of layers of padding and fabric, may date back as far as ancient Egypt.", "History of quilting __knowledge__ In Europe quilting appears to have been introduced by Crusaders in the 12th century (Colby 1971), in particular in the form of the aketon or gambeson, a quilted garment worn under armour which later developed into the doublet.", "History of quilting __knowledge__ One of the earliest existing decorative works is the Tristan quilt, made around 1360.", "History of quilting __knowledge__ Made in Sicily, and as one of the earliest surviving quilts in the world, at least two sections survive at the V&A Museum (London) and in Bargello palace (Florence).", "History of quilting __knowledge__ Another of the Tristan and Isolde story is held in a private collection.", "Crazy Horse __knowledge__ Crazy Horse (Lakota: in Standard Lakota Orthography, IPA:, literally \"His-Horse-Is-Crazy\"; 1840 – September 5, 1877) was a Native American war leader of the Oglala Lakota in the 19th century.", "Crazy Horse __knowledge__ He took up arms against the United States federal government to fight against encroachment by white American settlers on Indian territory and to preserve the traditional way of life of the Lakota people.", "Crazy Horse __knowledge__ His participation in several famous battles of the American Indian Wars on the northern Great Plains, among them the Fetterman massacre in 1866, in which he acted as a decoy, and the Battle of the Little Bighorn in 1876, in which he led a war party to victory, earned him great respect from both his enemies and his own people.", "Quilting __knowledge__ Quilting is the process of sewing two or more layers of fabric together to make a thicker padded material, usually to create a quilt or quilted garment.", "Quilting __knowledge__ Typically, quilting is done with three layers: the top fabric or quilt top, batting or insulating material and backing material, but many different styles are adopted.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The process of quilting uses a needle and thread to join two or more layers of material to make a quilt.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The quilter's hand or sewing machine passes the needle and thread through all layers and then brings the needle back up.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The process is repeated across the entire area where quilting is wanted." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a needle and thread.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age people across Europe and Asia sewed fur and skin clothing using bone, antler or ivory needles and \"thread\" made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut, and veins.", "Sewing __knowledge__ For thousands of years, all sewing was done by hand.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The invention of the sewing machine in the 19th century and the rise of computerization in the 20th century led to mass production and export of sewn objects, but hand sewing is still practiced around the world.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Fine hand sewing is a characteristic of high-quality tailoring, haute couture fashion, and custom dressmaking, and is pursued by both textile artists and hobbyists as a means of creative expression.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The first known use of the word \"sewing\" was in the 14th century.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing has an ancient history estimated to begin during the Paleolithic Age.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing was used to stitch together animal hides for clothing and for shelter.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The Inuit, for example, used sinew from caribou for thread and needles made of bone; the indigenous peoples of the American Plains and Canadian Prairies used sophisticated sewing methods to assemble tipi shelters.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "Battle of the Piney Woods __knowledge__ The Battle of the Piney Woods is a notable college football rivalry, which is the annual battle between Sam Houston State University and Stephen F. Austin State University.", "Battle of the Piney Woods __knowledge__ It is one of the oldest rivalries in the state of Texas, with Sam Houston State located in Huntsville, Texas, and Stephen F. Austin located in Nacogdoches, Texas.", "Battle of the Piney Woods __knowledge__ The Battle of the Piney Woods is the rivalry between the Sam Houston State Bearkats and the Stephen F. Austin Lumberjacks.", "Battle of the Piney Woods __knowledge__ The rivalry is currently the second longest in the FCS with Bearkats leading the series in football 55-35-2 as of 2017.", "Battle of the Piney Woods __knowledge__ On October 20, 2009, according to \"SFAJacks.com\" and GoBearkats.com the Universities announced the rivalry will be moved down to Houston, Texas, in NRG Stadium from now until 2013.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "History of the New York Rangers __knowledge__ The history of the New York Rangers hockey team began in 1926 when the NHL granted a franchise to Tex Rickard, the founder of the team.", "History of the New York Rangers __knowledge__ The Rangers experienced early success, winning the Stanley Cup in only their second season of existence, and would go on to win two more in the next 12 years.", "History of the New York Rangers __knowledge__ After their Cup win in 1940, the Rangers then suffered through one of the longest championship droughts in NHL history, which became known as the Curse of 1940.", "History of the New York Rangers __knowledge__ The 54-year drought ended with a Cup win in 1994 by a team led by captain Mark Messier, Brian Leetch, Adam Graves, and Mike Richter, all of whose numbers have since been retired by the team.", "History of D.C. United __knowledge__ The History of D.C. United spans 21 years, beginning in 1995 when Major League Soccer awarded a franchise to the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area.", "History of D.C. United __knowledge__ Since the team's inception, D.C. United has played in RFK Stadium located in the city's seventh ward near the Eastland Gardens neighborhood and D.C. Armory.", "History of D.C. United __knowledge__ D.C. United was the first franchise awarded by MLS, and was the dominant team in MLS during the league's first few years of existence.", "History of D.C. United __knowledge__ For those reasons, United is often regarded as MLS's \"flagship franchise\".", "History of D.C. United __knowledge__ As of 2013, the club has won four regular season and league championships, more than any other sports franchise in the Washington area.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ A sewing machine is a machine used to stitch fabric and other materials together with thread.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Sewing machines were invented during the first Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work performed in clothing companies.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Since the invention of the first working sewing machine, generally considered to have been the work of Englishman Thomas Saint in 1790, the sewing machine has greatly improved the efficiency and productivity of the clothing industry.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Home sewing machines are designed for one person to sew individual items while using a single stitch type.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ In a modern sewing machine the fabric easily glides in and out of the machine without the inconvenience of needles and thimbles and other such tools used in hand sewing, automating the process of stitching and saving time.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "Quilting __knowledge__ Quilting is the process of sewing two or more layers of fabric together to make a thicker padded material, usually to create a quilt or quilted garment.", "Quilting __knowledge__ Typically, quilting is done with three layers: the top fabric or quilt top, batting or insulating material and backing material, but many different styles are adopted.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The process of quilting uses a needle and thread to join two or more layers of material to make a quilt.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The quilter's hand or sewing machine passes the needle and thread through all layers and then brings the needle back up.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The process is repeated across the entire area where quilting is wanted.", "Quilt __knowledge__ A quilt is a multi-layered textile, traditionally composed of three layers of fiber: a woven cloth top, a layer of batting or wadding, and a woven back, combined using the technique of quilting, the process of sewing the three layers together.", "Quilt __knowledge__ The pattern of stitching can be the key decorative element if a single piece of fabric is used for the top of a quilt, (a \"wholecloth quilt\"), but in many cases the top is pieced from a patchwork of smaller fabric pieces; and the pattern and color of these pieces will be important to the design.", "Quilt __knowledge__ In the twenty-first century, quilts are frequently displayed as non-utilitarian works of art but historically quilts were often used as bedcovers; and this use persists today.", "History of quilting __knowledge__ Quilting, the stitching together of layers of padding and fabric, may date back as far as ancient Egypt.", "History of quilting __knowledge__ In Europe quilting appears to have been introduced by Crusaders in the 12th century (Colby 1971), in particular in the form of the aketon or gambeson, a quilted garment worn under armour which later developed into the doublet.", "History of quilting __knowledge__ One of the earliest existing decorative works is the Tristan quilt, made around 1360.", "History of quilting __knowledge__ Made in Sicily, and as one of the earliest surviving quilts in the world, at least two sections survive at the V&A Museum (London) and in Bargello palace (Florence).", "History of quilting __knowledge__ Another of the Tristan and Isolde story is held in a private collection.", "China Marks __knowledge__ China Marks (born 1942, Kansas City, Missouri) is an American artist creating process-directed sewn drawings and one-of-a-kind books.", "China Marks __knowledge__ Marks earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Sculpture from the Kansas City Art Institute and a Master of Fine Arts in Sculpture from Washington University in St. Louis.", "China Marks __knowledge__ From the 1970s through the early 1980s, Marks, though trained and working primarily as a sculptor, embraced drawing, painting, and printmaking as well.", "China Marks __knowledge__ A fellowship at the Center of Innovative Print and Paper, now the Brodsky Center for Innovative Print and Paper at Rutgers University in 1989 resulted in a group of monotypes created over a three-day period." ] ]

[ 2, 4, 5, 9 ]

[ "Definitely. It is one of the oldest arts in the textile sect. It actually started during the Paleolithic era.", "It is! For a long time, they did all of their sewing by hand, which is crazy to me.", "It was better in the 19th century when the sewing machine was invented. Then they could use it to mass produce sewn products.", "Yes, but even back in the day they were sewing together animal hides that they used for shelter and also clothes." ]

[ "Sewing", "Sewing", "Sewing", "Sewing" ]

[ "Immigration to the United States", "I haven't had to deal with that so I had no idea. What makes it so difficult?", "Have you had to deal with immigration yourself or anyone you know or what?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ Immigration to the United States is the international movement of individuals who are not natives or do not possess citizenship in order to settle, reside, study or to take-up employment in the United States.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ It has been a major source of population growth and cultural change throughout much of the history of the United States.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The United States has a larger immigrant population than any other country, with 47 million immigrants as of 2015.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ This represents 19.1% of the 244 million international migrants worldwide, and 14.4% of the U.S. population.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The economic, social, and political aspects of immigration have caused controversy regarding ethnicity, economic benefits, jobs for non-immigrants, settlement patterns, impact on upward social mobility, crime, and voting behavior.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ Prior to 1965, policies such as the national origins formula limited immigration and naturalization opportunities for people from areas outside Western Europe.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ Exclusion laws enacted as early as the 1880s generally prohibited or severely restricted immigration from Asia, and quota laws enacted in the 1920s curtailed Eastern European immigration.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The Civil Rights Movement led to the replacement of these ethnic quotas with per-country limits." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ Immigration to the United States is the international movement of individuals who are not natives or do not possess citizenship in order to settle, reside, study or to take-up employment in the United States.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ It has been a major source of population growth and cultural change throughout much of the history of the United States.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The United States has a larger immigrant population than any other country, with 47 million immigrants as of 2015.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ This represents 19.1% of the 244 million international migrants worldwide, and 14.4% of the U.S. population.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The economic, social, and political aspects of immigration have caused controversy regarding ethnicity, economic benefits, jobs for non-immigrants, settlement patterns, impact on upward social mobility, crime, and voting behavior.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ Prior to 1965, policies such as the national origins formula limited immigration and naturalization opportunities for people from areas outside Western Europe.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ Exclusion laws enacted as early as the 1880s generally prohibited or severely restricted immigration from Asia, and quota laws enacted in the 1920s curtailed Eastern European immigration.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The Civil Rights Movement led to the replacement of these ethnic quotas with per-country limits.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ \"Suits\" is an American legal drama created by Aaron Korsh and premiered on USA Network in June 2011.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ The series revolves around Harvey Specter (Gabriel Macht), a senior partner at a top law firm in Manhattan, and his recently hired associate attorney Mike Ross (Patrick J. Adams) as they hide the fact that Mike does not have a law degree.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ Each episode focuses on a single legal case and its challenges while examining the work environment of the firm, Mike's and Harvey's personal relationships, and problems stemming from Mike's lack of a degree.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ The rest of the starring cast portray other employees at the firm: Louis Litt (Rick Hoffman), Rachel Zane (Meghan Markle), a paralegal who develops feelings for Mike; Donna Paulsen (Sarah Rafferty), Harvey's long-time legal secretary, close friend, and confidant; and Jessica Pearson (Gina Torres), the co-founder and managing partner of the firm.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ The \"Treatise\" is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ In the introduction Hume presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human nature.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ Impressed by Isaac Newton's achievements in the physical sciences, Hume sought to introduce the same experimental method of reasoning into the study of human psychology, with the aim of discovering the \"extent and force of human understanding\".", "Illegal immigration to the United States __knowledge__ Illegal immigration to the United States is the entry into the United States of foreign nationals without government permission, and in violation of United States immigration laws.", "Illegal immigration to the United States __knowledge__ Foreign nationals are also illegal immigrants if they continue to be in the country after their visa, or other authority to enter or be in the country, has expired.", "Illegal immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The United States had nearly open borders until 1924, which meant that all immigrants to the United States up to that point were legal.", "Illegal immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and a few other modest border regulations were enacted in the 1870s and 1880s.", "Illegal immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The \"Immigration Act of 1924\" established visa requirements and enacted quotas for immigrants from specific countries.", "OS/2 __knowledge__ OS/2 is a series of computer operating systems, initially created by Microsoft and IBM under the leadership of IBM software designer Ed Iacobucci, who later went on to found Citrix Systems, DayJet and VirtualWorks.", "OS/2 __knowledge__ As a result of a feud between the two companies over how to position OS/2 relative to Microsoft's new Windows 3.1 operating environment, the two companies severed the relationship in 1992 and OS/2 development fell to IBM exclusively.", "OS/2 __knowledge__ The name stands for \"Operating System/2\", because it was introduced as part of the same generation change release as IBM's \"Personal System/2 (PS/2)\" line of second-generation personal computers.", "MacOS __knowledge__ macOS (; previously , then ) is a series of graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Apple Inc. since 2001.", "MacOS __knowledge__ It is the primary operating system for Apple's Mac family of computers.", "MacOS __knowledge__ Within the market of desktop, laptop and home computers, and by web usage, it is the second most widely used desktop OS, after Microsoft Windows.", "MacOS __knowledge__ macOS is the second major series of Macintosh operating systems.", "MacOS __knowledge__ The first is colloquially called the \"classic\" Mac OS, which was introduced in 1984, and the final release of which was Mac OS 9 in 1999.", "MacOS __knowledge__ The first desktop version, Mac OS X 10.0, was released in March 2001, with its first update, 10.1, arriving later that year.", "Classic Mac OS __knowledge__ Classic Mac OS is a colloquial term used to describe a series of operating systems developed for the Macintosh family of personal computers by Apple Computer, Inc. from 1984 until 2001.", "Classic Mac OS __knowledge__ The Macintosh operating system is credited with having popularized the graphical user interface concept.", "Classic Mac OS __knowledge__ It was included with every Macintosh that was sold during the era it was developed, and many updates to the system software were done in conjunction with the introduction of new Macintosh systems.", "Classic Mac OS __knowledge__ Apple released the original Macintosh on January 24, 1984.", "Classic Mac OS __knowledge__ The first version of the system software, which had no official name, was partially based on the Lisa OS, previously released by Apple for the Lisa computer in 1983.", "OS-9 __knowledge__ OS-9 is a family of real-time, process-based, multitasking, multi-user operating systems, developed in the 1980s, originally by Microware Systems Corporation for the Motorola 6809 microprocessor.", "OS-9 __knowledge__ It was purchased by Radisys Corp in 2001, and was purchased again in 2013 by its current owner Microware LP.", "OS-9 __knowledge__ The OS-9 family was popular for general-purpose computing and remains in use in commercial embedded systems and amongst hobbyists.", "OS-9 __knowledge__ Today, OS-9 is a product name used by both a Motorola 68000-series machine language OS and a portable (PowerPC, x86, ARM, MIPS, SH4, etc.)", "OS-9 __knowledge__ version written in C, originally known as OS-9000.", "Opposition to immigration __knowledge__ Opposition to immigration exists in most states with immigration, and has become a significant political issue in many countries.", "Opposition to immigration __knowledge__ Immigration in the modern sense refers to movement of people from one state or territory to another state or territory where they are not citizens.", "Opposition to immigration __knowledge__ Illegal immigration is immigration in contravention of a state's immigration laws.", "Opposition to immigration __knowledge__ In the United States, the principal concerns expressed by those opposed to immigration are the perceived effects economic costs (job competition and burdens on education and social services); negative environmental impact from accelerated population growth; increased crime rates, and in the long run, changes in traditional identities and values." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ Immigration to the United States is the international movement of individuals who are not natives or do not possess citizenship in order to settle, reside, study or to take-up employment in the United States.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ It has been a major source of population growth and cultural change throughout much of the history of the United States.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The United States has a larger immigrant population than any other country, with 47 million immigrants as of 2015.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ This represents 19.1% of the 244 million international migrants worldwide, and 14.4% of the U.S. population.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The economic, social, and political aspects of immigration have caused controversy regarding ethnicity, economic benefits, jobs for non-immigrants, settlement patterns, impact on upward social mobility, crime, and voting behavior.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ Prior to 1965, policies such as the national origins formula limited immigration and naturalization opportunities for people from areas outside Western Europe.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ Exclusion laws enacted as early as the 1880s generally prohibited or severely restricted immigration from Asia, and quota laws enacted in the 1920s curtailed Eastern European immigration.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The Civil Rights Movement led to the replacement of these ethnic quotas with per-country limits.", "History of UK immigration control __knowledge__ Although some means of controlling foreign visitors to the United Kingdom existed before 1905, modern immigration border controls as now understood originated then.", "History of UK immigration control __knowledge__ Although an Alien Act was passed in 1793 and remained in force to some extent or other until 1836, there were no controls between then and 1905 barring a very loosely policed system of registration on entry.", "History of UK immigration control __knowledge__ The development of in-country enforcement controls is dealt with separately—see UK immigration enforcement.", "History of UK immigration control __knowledge__ The beginnings of the modern-day UK immigration control can be traced from the final decade of the 19th Century and the political debate that grew surrounding the perceived growth in the numbers of Eastern European Jews coming to the UK.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Arizona SB 1070 __knowledge__ The Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act (introduced as Arizona Senate Bill 1070 and thus often referred to simply as Arizona SB 1070) is a 2010 legislative Act in the U.S. state of Arizona that at the time of passage in 2010 was the broadest and strictest anti-illegal immigration measure passed in Arizona.", "Arizona SB 1070 __knowledge__ It has received national and international attention and has spurred considerable controversy.", "Arizona SB 1070 __knowledge__ U.S. federal law requires all aliens over the age of 14 who remain in the United States for longer than 30 days to register with the U.S. government.", "Arizona SB 1070 __knowledge__ U.S. Federal law also requires aliens older than 18 to possess proper identification at all times; violation of this requirement is a federal misdemeanor crime.", "Illegal immigration to the United States __knowledge__ Illegal immigration to the United States is the entry into the United States of foreign nationals without government permission, and in violation of United States immigration laws.", "Illegal immigration to the United States __knowledge__ Foreign nationals are also illegal immigrants if they continue to be in the country after their visa, or other authority to enter or be in the country, has expired.", "Illegal immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The United States had nearly open borders until 1924, which meant that all immigrants to the United States up to that point were legal.", "Illegal immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and a few other modest border regulations were enacted in the 1870s and 1880s.", "Illegal immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The \"Immigration Act of 1924\" established visa requirements and enacted quotas for immigrants from specific countries.", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency __knowledge__ The first 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency began on January 20, 2017, the day Donald Trump was inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States.", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency __knowledge__ The first 100 days of a presidential term took on symbolic significance during Franklin D. Roosevelt's first term in office, and the period is considered a benchmark to measure the early success of a president.", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency __knowledge__ The 100th day of his presidency was April 29, 2017.", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency __knowledge__ Trump first announced his plan for the first hundred days of his presidency in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, on October 23, 2016, before the election.", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency __knowledge__ One of Trump's major accomplishments, made as part of a \"100-day pledge\", was the confirmation of Neil Gorsuch as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ Institutional racism (also known as institutionalized racism) is a form of racism expressed in the practice of social and political institutions.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ Institutional racism is also racism by individuals or informal social groups, governed by behavioral norms that support racist thinking and foment active racism.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ It is reflected in disparities regarding wealth, income, criminal justice, employment, housing, health care, political power and education, among other things.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ Whether implicitly or explicitly expressed, institutional racism occurs when a certain group is targeted and discriminated against based upon race.", "Opposition to immigration __knowledge__ Opposition to immigration exists in most states with immigration, and has become a significant political issue in many countries.", "Opposition to immigration __knowledge__ Immigration in the modern sense refers to movement of people from one state or territory to another state or territory where they are not citizens.", "Opposition to immigration __knowledge__ Illegal immigration is immigration in contravention of a state's immigration laws.", "Opposition to immigration __knowledge__ In the United States, the principal concerns expressed by those opposed to immigration are the perceived effects economic costs (job competition and burdens on education and social services); negative environmental impact from accelerated population growth; increased crime rates, and in the long run, changes in traditional identities and values.", "Immigration detention in the United States __knowledge__ Immigration detention in the United States began in 1890s at Ellis Island.", "Immigration detention in the United States __knowledge__ The administration of President Ronald Reagan further reacted to the mass migration of asylum seekers who arrived in boats from Haiti by establishing a program to interdict (i.e., stop and search certain vessels suspected of transporting undocumented Haitians).", "Immigration detention in the United States __knowledge__ As the number of undocumented immigrants who were fleeing economic and political conditions increased, President Bush Sr's administration attempted to find a regional location to handle the influx of refugees and migrants.", "Immigration detention in the United States __knowledge__ The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees arranged for several countries in the region—Belize, Honduras, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela—to temporarily provide a safe haven for Haitians however the Coast Guard was becoming increasingly overcrowded from holding hundreds of refugees and by November 18, 1991, the United States forcibly returned 538 Haitians to Haiti.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ The history of Poles in the United States dates to the American Colonial era.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ Poles have lived in present-day United States territories for over 400 years—since 1608.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ There are 10 million Americans of Polish descent in the U.S. today, making it the largest diaspora of Poles in the world.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ Polish Americans have always been the largest group of Slavic origin in the United States.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ Historians divide Polish American immigration into three \"waves\", the largest from 1870 to 1914, a second after World War II, and a third after Poland's independence in 1989.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ Most Polish Americans are descended from the first wave, when millions of Poles fled Polish districts of Germany, Russia, and Austria." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Immigration to the united states os quite a diffcult process", "Immigration to the united states just takes a long time and can be very costly.", "Immigration to the united states is something i dealt with as I came here from England when i was 3 months." ]

[ "Immigration to the United States", "Immigration to the United States", "Immigration to the United States" ]

[ "Moustache\nI wish I had mustache like every other person", "Oh that makes two of us but you seem to know more about it them me so tell me more", "How long does a mustache grow?", "What causes the growth of mustache?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Moustache __knowledge__ A moustache (; , ) is facial hair grown on the upper lip.", "Moustache __knowledge__ Moustaches can be groomed by trimming and styling with a type of pomade called moustache wax.", "Moustache __knowledge__ The word \"moustache\" is French, and is derived from the Italian \"moustacio\" (fourteenth century), dialectal \"mostaccio\" (16th century), from Medieval Latin \"moustaccium\" (eighth century), Medieval Greek μοστάκιον (\"moustakion\"), attested in the ninth century, which ultimately originates as a diminutive of Hellenistic Greek μύσταξ (\"mustax\", \"mustak-\"), meaning \"upper lip\" or \"facial hair\", probably derived from Hellenistic Greek μύλλον (\"mullon\"), \"lip\".", "Moustache __knowledge__ Shaving with stone razors was technologically possible from Neolithic times.", "Moustache __knowledge__ A mustache is depicted on a statue of the 4th Dynasty Egyptian prince Rahotep (c. 2550 BC).", "Moustache __knowledge__ Another ancient portrait showing a shaved man with a moustache is an ancient Iranian (Scythian) horseman from 300 BC.", "Moustache __knowledge__ Various cultures have developed different associations with moustaches.", "Moustache __knowledge__ For example, in many 20th-century Arab countries, moustaches are associated with power, beards with Islamic traditionalism, and lack of facial hair with more liberal, secular tendencies.", "Moustache __knowledge__ In Islam, trimming the moustache is considered to be a sunnah and mustahabb, that is, a way of life that is recommended, especially among Sunni Muslims.", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ Dali's Mustache (American English: ) is an absurdist humorous book by the surrealist artist Salvador Dalí (1904–1989) and his friend, the photographer Philippe Halsman (1906–1979).", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ The first edition was published in October 1954 in New York; slightly modified French editions followed in the 1980s and 1990s.", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ The book is subtitled \"A Photographic Interview\".", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ On one page a short question is addressed to Dalí, which the artist answers at the bottom of the following page.", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ An additional, corresponding black and white photograph by Halsman – absurd, ironic or self-ironic portraits of Dalí with very different uses of his iconic mustache – complements the answer, usually with an absurd aspect.", "Thomas E. Dewey __knowledge__ Thomas Edmund Dewey (March 24, 1902 – March 16, 1971) was an American lawyer, prosecutor, and politician.", "Thomas E. Dewey __knowledge__ He served as the 47th Governor of New York from 1943 to 1954.", "Thomas E. Dewey __knowledge__ In 1944, he was the Republican Party's nominee for President.", "Thomas E. Dewey __knowledge__ He lost the 1944 election to President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the closest of Roosevelt's four presidential elections.", "Thomas E. Dewey __knowledge__ He was again the Republican presidential nominee in 1948, but lost to President Harry S. Truman in one of the greatest upsets in presidential election history.", "Thomas E. Dewey __knowledge__ Dewey played a large role in winning the Republican presidential nomination for Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1952, and helped Eisenhower win the presidential election that year.", "Bentley Bentayga __knowledge__ The Bentley Bentayga is a front-engine, all-wheel drive, five-door luxury SUV marketed by British car manufacturer Bentley, beginning with model year 2016.", "Bentley Bentayga __knowledge__ Its body is manufactured at the Volkswagen Zwickau-Mosel plant and final assembly is at the company's Crewe factory.", "Bentley Bentayga __knowledge__ An evolution of the 2012 Bentley EXP 9 F concept car, the production Bentayga debuted at the Frankfurt Motor Show in September 2015 as Bentley's first SUV — using unibody construction and full-time all-wheel drive as well as Volkswagen Group's bi-turbo W12 engine and MLB platform, the latter shared with the second-generation Audi Q7 and the third-generation Porsche Cayenne, Volkswagen Touareg, Audi Q8, and Lamborghini Urus.", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ Julius Henry Marx (October 2, 1890 – August 19, 1977), known professionally as Groucho Marx (), was an American comedian, writer, stage, film, radio, and television star.", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ He was known as a master of quick wit and is widely considered one of the best comedians of the modern era.", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ He made 13 feature films with his siblings the Marx Brothers, of whom he was the third-born.", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ He also had a successful solo career, most notably as the host of the radio and television game show \"You Bet Your Life\".", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ His distinctive appearance, carried over from his days in vaudeville, included quirks such as an exaggerated stooped posture, glasses, cigar, and a thick greasepaint mustache and eyebrows.", "Ioan Kalinderu __knowledge__ Ioan Lazăr Kalinderu (born Calenderoglu, also known as Iancu Kalinderu, Ioan Kelenderu, Ioanŭ Calenderu, or Jean Kalindéro; December 28 or 29, 1840 – December 11, 1913) was a Wallachian, later Romanian jurist and confidant of King Carol I, who served for thirty years as the administrator of crown domains, and for three years as president of the Romanian Academy.", "Ioan Kalinderu __knowledge__ Educated in France, he was the son of a rich and influential Greek-Romanian banker, Lazăr Kalenderoglu, and the brother of physician Nicolae Kalinderu.", "Ioan Kalinderu __knowledge__ Like them, he was a sympathizer of the National Liberal Party, with which he debuted in politics in the 1880s.", "Mustache (template system) __knowledge__ Mustache is a simple web template system with implementations available for ActionScript, C++, Clojure, CoffeeScript, ColdFusion, Common Lisp, D, Dart, Delphi, Erlang, Fantom, Go, Haskell, Io, Java, JavaScript, Julia, Lua, .NET, Objective-C, OCaml, Perl, PHP, Pharo, Python, R, Racket, Ruby, Rust, Scala, Smalltalk, Swift, Tcl, CFEngine and XQuery.", "Mustache (template system) __knowledge__ Mustache is described as a \"logic-less\" system because it lacks any explicit control flow statements, like \"if\" and \"else\" conditionals or for loops; however, both looping and conditional evaluation can be achieved using section tags processing lists and lambdas.", "List of Bleach characters __knowledge__ The \"Bleach\" manga and anime series features an extensive cast of characters: aside from humans and spirits, there are Soul Reapers, Quincies, Hollows, modified souls, Bounts, Arrancars, Vizards, the Xcution and Zanpakutō Spirits.", "List of Bleach characters __knowledge__ \"Bleach\"'s creative process is focused around character design.", "List of Bleach characters __knowledge__ When writing plotlines or having difficulties generating new material, Tite Kubo begins by thinking of new characters, often \"en masse\", and rereading previous volumes of \"Bleach\".", "List of Bleach characters __knowledge__ Kubo has said that he likes creating characters with outward appearances that do not match their true nature, an element that can be found in many \"Bleach\" characters, as he is \"attracted to people with that seeming contradiction\", and finds an \"urge to draw people like that when [he] works.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Moustache __knowledge__ A moustache (; , ) is facial hair grown on the upper lip.", "Moustache __knowledge__ Moustaches can be groomed by trimming and styling with a type of pomade called moustache wax.", "Moustache __knowledge__ The word \"moustache\" is French, and is derived from the Italian \"moustacio\" (fourteenth century), dialectal \"mostaccio\" (16th century), from Medieval Latin \"moustaccium\" (eighth century), Medieval Greek μοστάκιον (\"moustakion\"), attested in the ninth century, which ultimately originates as a diminutive of Hellenistic Greek μύσταξ (\"mustax\", \"mustak-\"), meaning \"upper lip\" or \"facial hair\", probably derived from Hellenistic Greek μύλλον (\"mullon\"), \"lip\".", "Moustache __knowledge__ Shaving with stone razors was technologically possible from Neolithic times.", "Moustache __knowledge__ A mustache is depicted on a statue of the 4th Dynasty Egyptian prince Rahotep (c. 2550 BC).", "Moustache __knowledge__ Another ancient portrait showing a shaved man with a moustache is an ancient Iranian (Scythian) horseman from 300 BC.", "Moustache __knowledge__ Various cultures have developed different associations with moustaches.", "Moustache __knowledge__ For example, in many 20th-century Arab countries, moustaches are associated with power, beards with Islamic traditionalism, and lack of facial hair with more liberal, secular tendencies.", "Moustache __knowledge__ In Islam, trimming the moustache is considered to be a sunnah and mustahabb, that is, a way of life that is recommended, especially among Sunni Muslims.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the animated series \"Kim Possible\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kimberly Ann \"Kim\" Possible is a crime fighter and high school cheerleading captain who saves the world on a regular basis while dealing with the normal challenges of being a teenager, such as winning cheer competitions, turning in her homework on time, and maintaining a love life.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Her name is a play on the word \"impossible.\"", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kim has known Ron Stoppable, her sidekick for most missions, since preschool.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ She has also completed missions with Wade, Monique, her brothers, and even her mother.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ In season four, Kim and Ron end up developing romantic feelings for each other and begin dating during their senior year.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series The Boys, created by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The Boys are a CIA black ops team, initially created by Col. Greg Mallory to manage, police, and sometimes liquidate Vought-American's superhumans.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ While this is in part to help protect normal humans from the actions of the largely out of control \"supes,\" this is also to ensure that the company lack the stability or the platform to push the use of superhumans in national defense.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ Over time, however, the team's focus was changed, due to Butcher's increased influence, from one of management and containment to one of direct confrontation.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Melanesian mythology is the folklore, myths and religion of Melanesia — the archipelagos of New Guinea, the Torres Strait Islands, the Admiralty Islands, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia and Vanuatu.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Professor Roland Burrage Dixon wrote an account of the mythology of this region for \"The Mythology of All Races\", which was published in 1916.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Since that time, the region has developed new cults and legends as a result of exposure to western civilisations and their missionaries.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ These include the cargo cults in which the natives attempt to restore the supply of material goods which were a side-effect of the campaigning in this region during the Pacific War.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of NCIS characters __knowledge__ \"NCIS\" is an American police procedural television series, revolving around a fictional team of special agents from the Naval Criminal Investigative Service, which investigates crimes involving the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps.", "List of NCIS characters __knowledge__ The series was created by Donald P. Bellisario and Don McGill as a backdoor pilot with the season eight episodes \"Ice Queen\" and \"Meltdown\" of \"JAG\".", "List of NCIS characters __knowledge__ The series premiered on September 23, 2003 featuring an ensemble cast which has included Mark Harmon, Sasha Alexander, Michael Weatherly, Pauley Perrette, David McCallum, Sean Murray, Cote de Pablo, Lauren Holly, Rocky Carroll, Brian Dietzen, Emily Wickersham, Wilmer Valderrama, Jennifer Esposito, Duane Henry, and Maria Bello.", "Pomade __knowledge__ Pomade (; French \"pommade\") is a greasy, waxy, or a water-based substance that is used to style hair.", "Pomade __knowledge__ Pomade gives the user's hair a shiny, slick appearance, and does not dry it out.", "Pomade __knowledge__ It lasts longer than most hair care products, often requiring multiple washes to completely remove.", "Pomade __knowledge__ The original pomade of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries consisted mainly of bear fat or lard.", "Pomade __knowledge__ Lanolin, beeswax, and petroleum jelly have been used extensively in the manufacture of modern pomades.", "Pomade __knowledge__ Stiffening properties of pomades make sculptured hairstyles such as the pompadour or quiff possible; while long lasting moisturizing properties make it popular with individuals with Afro-textured hair.", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ Dali's Mustache (American English: ) is an absurdist humorous book by the surrealist artist Salvador Dalí (1904–1989) and his friend, the photographer Philippe Halsman (1906–1979).", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ The first edition was published in October 1954 in New York; slightly modified French editions followed in the 1980s and 1990s.", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ The book is subtitled \"A Photographic Interview\".", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ On one page a short question is addressed to Dalí, which the artist answers at the bottom of the following page.", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ An additional, corresponding black and white photograph by Halsman – absurd, ironic or self-ironic portraits of Dalí with very different uses of his iconic mustache – complements the answer, usually with an absurd aspect.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Mustache March __knowledge__ Mustache March is an annual event occurring in the month of March, where men in the United States Air Force grow mustaches to honor Air Force legend Robin Olds.", "Mustache March __knowledge__ The idea stems from an early Air Force tradition in which members of the U.S. Air Force would grow mustaches in good-natured protest against facial hair regulations during the month of March.", "Mustache March __knowledge__ The act of growing a mustache as a gesture of defiance against dogmatic leadership is attributed to U.S. Air Force triple-ace Robin Olds who grew an extravagantly waxed handlebar mustache which did not comply with U.S. Air Force regulations.", "Mustache March __knowledge__ Aside from being a triple ace, Robin Olds was known for the extravagantly waxed (and decidedly non-regulation) handlebar mustache he sported in Vietnam.", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ Julius Henry Marx (October 2, 1890 – August 19, 1977), known professionally as Groucho Marx (), was an American comedian, writer, stage, film, radio, and television star.", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ He was known as a master of quick wit and is widely considered one of the best comedians of the modern era.", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ He made 13 feature films with his siblings the Marx Brothers, of whom he was the third-born.", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ He also had a successful solo career, most notably as the host of the radio and television game show \"You Bet Your Life\".", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ His distinctive appearance, carried over from his days in vaudeville, included quirks such as an exaggerated stooped posture, glasses, cigar, and a thick greasepaint mustache and eyebrows.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Moustache __knowledge__ A moustache (; , ) is facial hair grown on the upper lip.", "Moustache __knowledge__ Moustaches can be groomed by trimming and styling with a type of pomade called moustache wax.", "Moustache __knowledge__ The word \"moustache\" is French, and is derived from the Italian \"moustacio\" (fourteenth century), dialectal \"mostaccio\" (16th century), from Medieval Latin \"moustaccium\" (eighth century), Medieval Greek μοστάκιον (\"moustakion\"), attested in the ninth century, which ultimately originates as a diminutive of Hellenistic Greek μύσταξ (\"mustax\", \"mustak-\"), meaning \"upper lip\" or \"facial hair\", probably derived from Hellenistic Greek μύλλον (\"mullon\"), \"lip\".", "Moustache __knowledge__ Shaving with stone razors was technologically possible from Neolithic times.", "Moustache __knowledge__ A mustache is depicted on a statue of the 4th Dynasty Egyptian prince Rahotep (c. 2550 BC).", "Moustache __knowledge__ Another ancient portrait showing a shaved man with a moustache is an ancient Iranian (Scythian) horseman from 300 BC.", "Moustache __knowledge__ Various cultures have developed different associations with moustaches.", "Moustache __knowledge__ For example, in many 20th-century Arab countries, moustaches are associated with power, beards with Islamic traditionalism, and lack of facial hair with more liberal, secular tendencies.", "Moustache __knowledge__ In Islam, trimming the moustache is considered to be a sunnah and mustahabb, that is, a way of life that is recommended, especially among Sunni Muslims.", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ Dali's Mustache (American English: ) is an absurdist humorous book by the surrealist artist Salvador Dalí (1904–1989) and his friend, the photographer Philippe Halsman (1906–1979).", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ The first edition was published in October 1954 in New York; slightly modified French editions followed in the 1980s and 1990s.", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ The book is subtitled \"A Photographic Interview\".", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ On one page a short question is addressed to Dalí, which the artist answers at the bottom of the following page.", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ An additional, corresponding black and white photograph by Halsman – absurd, ironic or self-ironic portraits of Dalí with very different uses of his iconic mustache – complements the answer, usually with an absurd aspect.", "Mustache March __knowledge__ Mustache March is an annual event occurring in the month of March, where men in the United States Air Force grow mustaches to honor Air Force legend Robin Olds.", "Mustache March __knowledge__ The idea stems from an early Air Force tradition in which members of the U.S. Air Force would grow mustaches in good-natured protest against facial hair regulations during the month of March.", "Mustache March __knowledge__ The act of growing a mustache as a gesture of defiance against dogmatic leadership is attributed to U.S. Air Force triple-ace Robin Olds who grew an extravagantly waxed handlebar mustache which did not comply with U.S. Air Force regulations.", "Mustache March __knowledge__ Aside from being a triple ace, Robin Olds was known for the extravagantly waxed (and decidedly non-regulation) handlebar mustache he sported in Vietnam.", "The Mustache Gang __knowledge__ The Mustache Gang, a term coined for the 1972 Oakland Athletic's baseball team, a team that broke the traditionally conservative baseball views by sporting mustaches.", "The Mustache Gang __knowledge__ Prior to the 1970s there had only been two baseball players who had facial hair during the regular season: Stanley \"Frenchy\" Bordagaray of the Brooklyn Dodgers, who was then ordered to shave by his manager, and Wally Schang of the Philadelphia A's.", "The Mustache Gang __knowledge__ This changed when the A's outfielder, Reggie Jackson, showed up to spring training with a fully grown mustache which would later be thought of as the catalyst that sparked the move away from the conservative baseball era.", "Dan Snarr __knowledge__ Daniel C. \"Dan\" Snarr is a four-time elected mayor of Murray, Utah.", "Dan Snarr __knowledge__ Snarr was first elected in 1997 and was re-elected for a fourth consecutive term that began in January 2010 and ended in January 2014.", "Dan Snarr __knowledge__ As a former mayor in a Mayor / Council form of government, Murray City employed 396 full- and part-time employees and 487 seasonal employees.", "Dan Snarr __knowledge__ Snarr oversaw a budget of $83 million.", "Dan Snarr __knowledge__ Snarr, who was raised in the Millcreek area, moved to Murray with his family in 1978 and decided to run for mayor in the mid-'90s.", "Dan Snarr __knowledge__ His relatives have lived in Murray for generations.", "Dan Snarr __knowledge__ Snarr attended the University of Utah and earned a Bachelor of Science in Organizational Communications.", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ Julius Henry Marx (October 2, 1890 – August 19, 1977), known professionally as Groucho Marx (), was an American comedian, writer, stage, film, radio, and television star.", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ He was known as a master of quick wit and is widely considered one of the best comedians of the modern era.", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ He made 13 feature films with his siblings the Marx Brothers, of whom he was the third-born.", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ He also had a successful solo career, most notably as the host of the radio and television game show \"You Bet Your Life\".", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ His distinctive appearance, carried over from his days in vaudeville, included quirks such as an exaggerated stooped posture, glasses, cigar, and a thick greasepaint mustache and eyebrows.", "Jay Della Valle __knowledge__ Jay Della Valle (born August 19, 1979) best known for his documentary \"The Glorious Mustache Challenge\", and for his role as Sue in the Independent Feature Film, \"Mount Joy\"- is an American filmmaker, recording artist, singer and songwriter.", "Jay Della Valle __knowledge__ Della Valle was born in Hackensack, New Jersey.", "Jay Della Valle __knowledge__ He is of Italian, Irish, and Czech ancestry.", "Jay Della Valle __knowledge__ He grew up in Wayne, New Jersey and attended Wayne Valley High School.", "Jay Della Valle __knowledge__ Della Valle currently resides in Montreal, Canada.", "Jay Della Valle __knowledge__ While attending New York University, Della Valle played with various bands including The Offbeats and Sex With Strangers.", "Jay Della Valle __knowledge__ After graduating from NYU in 2001 with a degree from the Gallatin School of Individualized Study, Della Valle recorded an independent EP called \"Best Years\" with bandmate Jon Crane and producer Chris \"Gibby\" Gibson (Quicksand, Rival Schools).", "Gauls __knowledge__ The Gauls were Celtic people inhabiting Gaul in the Iron Age and the Roman period (roughly from the 5th century BC to the 5th century AD).", "Gauls __knowledge__ Their Gaulish language forms the main branch of the Continental Celtic languages.", "Gauls __knowledge__ The Gauls emerged around the 5th century BC as the bearers of the La Tène culture north of the Alps (spread across the lands between the Seine, Middle Rhine and upper Elbe).", "Gauls __knowledge__ By the 4th century BC, they spread over much of what is now France, Belgium, Spain, Portugal, Switzerland, Southern Germany, Austria, the Czech Republic and Slovakia by virtue of controlling the trade routes along the river systems of the Rhône, Seine, Rhine, and Danube, and they quickly expanded into Northern Italy, the Balkans, Transylvania and Galatia.", "Shaving __knowledge__ Shaving is the removal of hair, by using a razor or any other kind of bladed implement, to slice it down—to the level of the skin or otherwise.", "Shaving __knowledge__ Shaving is most commonly practiced by men to remove their facial hair and by women to remove their leg and underarm hair.", "Shaving __knowledge__ A man is called \"clean-shaven\" if he has had his beard entirely removed.", "Shaving __knowledge__ Both men and women sometimes shave their chest hair, abdominal hair, leg hair, underarm hair, pubic hair, or any other body hair.", "Shaving __knowledge__ Head shaving is much more common among men.", "Shaving __knowledge__ It is often associated with religious practice, the armed forces and some competitive sports such as swimming, running and extreme sports.", "Straight razor __knowledge__ A straight razor is a razor with a blade that can fold into its handle.", "Straight razor __knowledge__ They are also called open razors and cut-throat razors.", "Straight razor __knowledge__ The predecessors of the modern straight razors include bronze razors, with cutting edges and fixed handles, produced by craftsmen from Ancient Egypt during the New Kingdom (1569 - 1081 BC).", "Straight razor __knowledge__ Solid gold and copper razors were also found in Ancient Egyptian tombs dating back to the 4th millennium BC.", "Straight razor __knowledge__ The first steel-edged cutthroat razors were manufactured in Sheffield in 1680.", "Straight razor __knowledge__ By the late 1680s, early 1690s, razors with silver-covered handles along with other Sheffield-made products known as \"Sheffield wares\" were being exported to ports in the Gulf of Finland, approximately 1200 miles from Sheffield.", "Razor __knowledge__ A razor is a bladed tool primarily used in the removal of unwanted body hair through the act of shaving.", "Razor __knowledge__ Kinds of razors include straight razors, disposable razor, and electric razors.", "Razor __knowledge__ While the razor has been in existence since before the Bronze Age (the oldest razor-like object has been dated to 18,000 B.C.", "Razor __knowledge__ ), the most common type of razor in current usage is the safety or electric razor, though other kinds are still in use.", "Razor __knowledge__ Razors have been identified from many Bronze Age cultures.", "Razor __knowledge__ These were made of bronze or obsidian and were generally oval in shape, with a small tang protruding from one of the short ends.", "Safety razor __knowledge__ A safety razor is a shaving implement with a protective device positioned between the edge of the blade and the skin.", "Safety razor __knowledge__ The initial purpose of these protective devices was to reduce the level of skill needed for injury-free shaving, thereby reducing the reliance on professional barbers.", "Safety razor __knowledge__ The term was first used in a patent issued in 1880, for a razor in the basic contemporary configuration with a handle attached at right angles to a head in which a removable blade is placed (although this form predated the patent).", "Safety razor __knowledge__ Plastic disposable razors and razors with replaceable blade attachments are in common use today.", "Beaker culture __knowledge__ The Bell-Beaker culture (sometimes shortened to Beaker culture, is the term for a widely scattered archaeological culture of prehistoric western and Central Europe, starting in the late Neolithic or Chalcolithic and running into the early Bronze Age (in British terminology).", "Beaker culture __knowledge__ The term was coined by John Abercromby, based on the culture's distinctive pottery beakers, which he interpreted as drinking vessels.", "Beaker culture __knowledge__ The Bell Beaker culture is understood as not only a particular pottery type, but also a complete and complex cultural phenomenon involving metalwork in copper, gold, archery, specific types of ornamentation and shared ideological, cultural and religious ideas.", "Three-age system __knowledge__ The three-age system is the categorization of history into time periods divisible by three; for example, the Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age, although it also refers to other tripartite divisions of historic time periods.", "Three-age system __knowledge__ In history, archaeology and physical anthropology, the three-age system is a methodological concept adopted during the 19th century by which artifacts and events of late prehistory and early history could be ordered into a recognizable chronology.", "Three-age system __knowledge__ It was initially developed by C. J. Thomsen, director of the Royal Museum of Nordic Antiquities, Copenhagen, as a means to classify the museum’s collections according to whether the artifacts were made of stone, bronze, or iron.", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ In Judaism, shaving with a razor is a prohibition that is based on rabbinic interpretation of Leviticus 19:27, which states, \"You shall not round off the side-growth on your head, or destroy the side-growth of your beard.\"", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ The Mishnah interprets this as a prohibition on using a razor on the beard.", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ This prohibition is further expanded upon in kabbalistic literature.", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ The halakhic prohibition applies to shaving off the \"pe'ot\" (sidelocks) and \"corners of the beard\" by means of a razor.", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ The book of Leviticus in the Torah makes mention of \"corners of the head\", and prohibits the \"marring\" of the \"corners of the beard\", with particular emphasis on priests not \"marring\" the \"corners of the beard\"; as with many other parts of Leviticus, the Book of Ezekiel describes different regulations, stating that the priests should not shave their heads, or let their locks grow long." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Moustache __knowledge__ A moustache (; , ) is facial hair grown on the upper lip.", "Moustache __knowledge__ Moustaches can be groomed by trimming and styling with a type of pomade called moustache wax.", "Moustache __knowledge__ The word \"moustache\" is French, and is derived from the Italian \"moustacio\" (fourteenth century), dialectal \"mostaccio\" (16th century), from Medieval Latin \"moustaccium\" (eighth century), Medieval Greek μοστάκιον (\"moustakion\"), attested in the ninth century, which ultimately originates as a diminutive of Hellenistic Greek μύσταξ (\"mustax\", \"mustak-\"), meaning \"upper lip\" or \"facial hair\", probably derived from Hellenistic Greek μύλλον (\"mullon\"), \"lip\".", "Moustache __knowledge__ Shaving with stone razors was technologically possible from Neolithic times.", "Moustache __knowledge__ A mustache is depicted on a statue of the 4th Dynasty Egyptian prince Rahotep (c. 2550 BC).", "Moustache __knowledge__ Another ancient portrait showing a shaved man with a moustache is an ancient Iranian (Scythian) horseman from 300 BC.", "Moustache __knowledge__ Various cultures have developed different associations with moustaches.", "Moustache __knowledge__ For example, in many 20th-century Arab countries, moustaches are associated with power, beards with Islamic traditionalism, and lack of facial hair with more liberal, secular tendencies.", "Moustache __knowledge__ In Islam, trimming the moustache is considered to be a sunnah and mustahabb, that is, a way of life that is recommended, especially among Sunni Muslims.", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ Dali's Mustache (American English: ) is an absurdist humorous book by the surrealist artist Salvador Dalí (1904–1989) and his friend, the photographer Philippe Halsman (1906–1979).", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ The first edition was published in October 1954 in New York; slightly modified French editions followed in the 1980s and 1990s.", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ The book is subtitled \"A Photographic Interview\".", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ On one page a short question is addressed to Dalí, which the artist answers at the bottom of the following page.", "Dali's Mustache __knowledge__ An additional, corresponding black and white photograph by Halsman – absurd, ironic or self-ironic portraits of Dalí with very different uses of his iconic mustache – complements the answer, usually with an absurd aspect.", "Mustache March __knowledge__ Mustache March is an annual event occurring in the month of March, where men in the United States Air Force grow mustaches to honor Air Force legend Robin Olds.", "Mustache March __knowledge__ The idea stems from an early Air Force tradition in which members of the U.S. Air Force would grow mustaches in good-natured protest against facial hair regulations during the month of March.", "Mustache March __knowledge__ The act of growing a mustache as a gesture of defiance against dogmatic leadership is attributed to U.S. Air Force triple-ace Robin Olds who grew an extravagantly waxed handlebar mustache which did not comply with U.S. Air Force regulations.", "Mustache March __knowledge__ Aside from being a triple ace, Robin Olds was known for the extravagantly waxed (and decidedly non-regulation) handlebar mustache he sported in Vietnam.", "Mustache (template system) __knowledge__ Mustache is a simple web template system with implementations available for ActionScript, C++, Clojure, CoffeeScript, ColdFusion, Common Lisp, D, Dart, Delphi, Erlang, Fantom, Go, Haskell, Io, Java, JavaScript, Julia, Lua, .NET, Objective-C, OCaml, Perl, PHP, Pharo, Python, R, Racket, Ruby, Rust, Scala, Smalltalk, Swift, Tcl, CFEngine and XQuery.", "Mustache (template system) __knowledge__ Mustache is described as a \"logic-less\" system because it lacks any explicit control flow statements, like \"if\" and \"else\" conditionals or for loops; however, both looping and conditional evaluation can be achieved using section tags processing lists and lambdas.", "Dan Snarr __knowledge__ Daniel C. \"Dan\" Snarr is a four-time elected mayor of Murray, Utah.", "Dan Snarr __knowledge__ Snarr was first elected in 1997 and was re-elected for a fourth consecutive term that began in January 2010 and ended in January 2014.", "Dan Snarr __knowledge__ As a former mayor in a Mayor / Council form of government, Murray City employed 396 full- and part-time employees and 487 seasonal employees.", "Dan Snarr __knowledge__ Snarr oversaw a budget of $83 million.", "Dan Snarr __knowledge__ Snarr, who was raised in the Millcreek area, moved to Murray with his family in 1978 and decided to run for mayor in the mid-'90s.", "Dan Snarr __knowledge__ His relatives have lived in Murray for generations.", "Dan Snarr __knowledge__ Snarr attended the University of Utah and earned a Bachelor of Science in Organizational Communications.", "The Mustache Gang __knowledge__ The Mustache Gang, a term coined for the 1972 Oakland Athletic's baseball team, a team that broke the traditionally conservative baseball views by sporting mustaches.", "The Mustache Gang __knowledge__ Prior to the 1970s there had only been two baseball players who had facial hair during the regular season: Stanley \"Frenchy\" Bordagaray of the Brooklyn Dodgers, who was then ordered to shave by his manager, and Wally Schang of the Philadelphia A's.", "The Mustache Gang __knowledge__ This changed when the A's outfielder, Reggie Jackson, showed up to spring training with a fully grown mustache which would later be thought of as the catalyst that sparked the move away from the conservative baseball era.", "Jay Della Valle __knowledge__ Jay Della Valle (born August 19, 1979) best known for his documentary \"The Glorious Mustache Challenge\", and for his role as Sue in the Independent Feature Film, \"Mount Joy\"- is an American filmmaker, recording artist, singer and songwriter.", "Jay Della Valle __knowledge__ Della Valle was born in Hackensack, New Jersey.", "Jay Della Valle __knowledge__ He is of Italian, Irish, and Czech ancestry.", "Jay Della Valle __knowledge__ He grew up in Wayne, New Jersey and attended Wayne Valley High School.", "Jay Della Valle __knowledge__ Della Valle currently resides in Montreal, Canada.", "Jay Della Valle __knowledge__ While attending New York University, Della Valle played with various bands including The Offbeats and Sex With Strangers.", "Jay Della Valle __knowledge__ After graduating from NYU in 2001 with a degree from the Gallatin School of Individualized Study, Della Valle recorded an independent EP called \"Best Years\" with bandmate Jon Crane and producer Chris \"Gibby\" Gibson (Quicksand, Rival Schools).", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ Julius Henry Marx (October 2, 1890 – August 19, 1977), known professionally as Groucho Marx (), was an American comedian, writer, stage, film, radio, and television star.", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ He was known as a master of quick wit and is widely considered one of the best comedians of the modern era.", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ He made 13 feature films with his siblings the Marx Brothers, of whom he was the third-born.", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ He also had a successful solo career, most notably as the host of the radio and television game show \"You Bet Your Life\".", "Groucho Marx __knowledge__ His distinctive appearance, carried over from his days in vaudeville, included quirks such as an exaggerated stooped posture, glasses, cigar, and a thick greasepaint mustache and eyebrows.", "Prince Rahotep __knowledge__ \"This is an article about an Egyptian prince.", "Prince Rahotep __knowledge__ See also Rahotep, for the pharaoh of the same name.\"", "Prince Rahotep __knowledge__ Prince Rahotep was a Prince in ancient Egypt during the 4th dynasty.", "Prince Rahotep __knowledge__ He was probably a son of Pharaoh Sneferu and his first wife, although Zahi Hawass suggests his father was Huni.", "Prince Rahotep __knowledge__ Rahotep’s titles were inscribed on a magnificent statue of him which, with a statue of his wife, was excavated from his mastaba at Meidum in 1871 by Auguste Mariette.", "Prince Rahotep __knowledge__ These describe him as High Priest of Ra at Heliopolis (with the added title, unique to Heliopolis, Ra’s town, of \"Greatest of Seers\"), Director of Expeditions and Supervisor of Works.", "Nofret __knowledge__ Nofret was a woman who lived in Ancient Egypt during the 4th dynasty of Egypt.", "Nofret __knowledge__ \"Nefert\" means \"beautiful\".", "Nofret __knowledge__ Nofret is alternatively known as Nefert or Neferet.", "Nofret __knowledge__ Nofret's parents are not known.", "Nofret __knowledge__ Nofret married Prince Rahotep, a son of Pharaoh Sneferu.", "Nofret __knowledge__ She had three daughters and three sons with Rahotep.", "Nofret __knowledge__ Nofret was buried with her husband in mastaba 16 at Meidum.", "Nofret __knowledge__ In 1871 by Daninos, beautiful statues of Rahotep and Nofret were found.", "Nofret __knowledge__ Nofret is depicted with a black wig and very fair face.", "Nofret __knowledge__ Her titles in hieroglyphs on the back of her chair name her as \"King's Acquaintance\".", "Nofret __knowledge__ The statues are now in the Cairo Museum.", "Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum __knowledge__ Khnumhotep (pronunciation: xaˈnaːmaw-ˈħatpew) and Niankhkhnum (pronunciation: nij-daˌnax-xaˈnaːmaw) were ancient Egyptian royal servants.", "Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum __knowledge__ They shared the title of Overseer of the Manicurists in the Palace of King Nyuserre Ini, sixth pharaoh of the Fifth Dynasty, reigning during the second half of the 25th century BC.", "Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum __knowledge__ They were buried together at Saqqara and are listed as \"royal confidants\" in their joint tomb.", "Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum __knowledge__ Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum were ancient Egyptian royal servants and are believed by some to be the first recorded same-sex couple in history.", "Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum __knowledge__ The proposed romantic relationship between Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum is based on depictions of the two men standing nose to nose and embracing.", "Khufu Statuette __knowledge__ The Khufu Statuette or the Ivory figurine of Khufu is an Ancient Egyptian statue.", "Khufu Statuette __knowledge__ Historically and archaeologically significant, it was found in 1903 by Sir William Matthew Flinders Petrie during excavation of Kom el-Sultan in Abydos, Egypt.", "Khufu Statuette __knowledge__ It depicts the Ancient Egyptian Pharaoh Khufu, a member of the Fourth dynasty (Old Kingdom), and the builder of the Great Pyramid.", "Khufu Statuette __knowledge__ To this day, the little seated figure is the only three dimensional depiction of Khufu which survives largely intact, though there are also several statue fragments.", "Khufu Statuette __knowledge__ Most Egyptologists consider the statue contemporary with Khufu - very likely from his reign.", "Sahure __knowledge__ Sahure (meaning \"He who is close to Re\") was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh, the second ruler of the Fifth Dynasty, who reigned for about 12 years in the early 25th century BC.", "Sahure __knowledge__ Sahure is considered to be one of the most important kings of the Old Kingdom of Egypt, his reign being a political and cultural high point of the 5th Dynasty.", "Sahure __knowledge__ He was probably the son of his predecessor Userkaf with queen Neferhetepes II, and was in turn succeeded by his son Neferirkare Kakai.", "Sahure __knowledge__ During Sahure's time on the throne, Egypt had important trade relations with the Levantine coast.", "Sahure __knowledge__ Sahure launched several naval expeditions to modern day Lebanon to procure cedar trees, people (possibly slaves) and exotic items.", "Rahotep __knowledge__ Sekhemrewahkhau Rahotep was an Egyptian pharaoh who reigned during the Second Intermediate Period, when Egypt was ruled by multiple kings.", "Rahotep __knowledge__ The egyptologists Kim Ryholt and Darrell Baker believe that Rahotep was the first king of the 17th Dynasty.", "Rahotep __knowledge__ Rahotep is well known from a stele found at Coptos reporting the restoration of the temple of Min.", "Rahotep __knowledge__ The stele, now in the Petrie Museum (UC 14327), reads Rahotep is also attested on a limestone stele, now in the British Museum (BM EA 833), which shows him making an offering to Osiris for two deceased, an officer and a priest.", "Rahotep __knowledge__ Finally Rahotep is mentioned on a bow of a king's son dedicated to \"\"the service of Min in all his feasts\"\". In the late New Kingdom tale \"Khonsuemheb and the ghost\", the protagonist encounters a ghost who claims to have been in life \"Overseer of the treasuries of king Rahotep\"." ] ]

[ 2, 4, 5, 1 ]

[ "Well I don't have! they seem to take a lot of work. You even need special pomade called mustache wax to groom your mustache ", "Well I don't know much more than that, but some people think that shaving itself has been around for a long time. They've found stone razors from the neolithic period", "I really don't know, but mustaches can be found everywhere. Even on a 4th Dynasty Egyptian statue of prince Rahotep. ", "The production of hair in your hair follicles in your upper lip. " ]

[ "Moustache", "Moustache", "Moustache", "Moustache" ]

[ "Jimmy Fallon\nDo you like Jimmy Fallon? I feel like late night shows are going downhill personally", "Exactly, I also feel it is too politcal now, and that makes it sad", "That is what happens when an unpopular candidate wins I guess, as far as media opinion goes", "Oh really? I have never heard of those, maybe they are worthwhile!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ James Thomas Fallon (born September 19, 1974) is an American comedian, actor, television host and musician.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He is known for his work in television as a cast member on \"Saturday Night Live\" and as the host of late-night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\" and before that \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was born in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn and raised in Saugerties, New York.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He grew up with an interest in comedy and music, moving to Los Angeles at 21 to pursue opportunities in stand-up comedy.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was commissioned to join NBC's \"Saturday Night Live\" as a cast member in 1998, fulfilling a lifelong dream.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Fallon remained on \"SNL\" for six years between 1998 and 2004, co-hosting the program's Weekend Update segment and becoming a celebrity in the process.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He left the program for the film industry, starring in films such as \"Taxi\" (2004) and \"Fever Pitch\" (2005).", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Following his film career, Fallon returned to television as the host of \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\" on NBC in 2009, where he became well known for his emphasis on music and games.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He moved from that program to become the sixth permanent host of the long-running \"The Tonight Show\" in 2014.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ In addition to his television work, Fallon has released two comedy albums and five books.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Late Night with Jimmy Fallon is an American late-night talk show hosted by comedian Jimmy Fallon.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The hour-long show, which premiered on March 2, 2009, and ended on February 7, 2014, aired weeknights at 12:35 am Eastern/11:35 pm Central on NBC in the United States.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The third incarnation of the \"Late Night\" franchise originated by David Letterman, the program originated from NBC Studio 6B (and Studio 6A for the final 6 months of its run) in the GE Building at 30 Rockefeller Center in New York City.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show typically opened with a brief monologue from Fallon, followed by a comedy \"desk piece,\" as well as prerecorded segments and audience competitions.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The 2010 \"Tonight Show\" conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ Leno, the host of long-running franchise \"The Tonight Show\" since 1992, and O'Brien, host of \"Late Night\" since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for the network for much of the decade.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ When O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, when they informed him he would remain host for five more years and then transition the show to O'Brien in 2009.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon is an American late-night talk show hosted by Jimmy Fallon, on NBC.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show premiered on February 17, 2014, and is produced by Broadway Video and Universal Television.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ It is the seventh incarnation of NBC's long-running \"Tonight Show\" franchise, with Fallon serving as the sixth host.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show also stars sidekick and announcer Steve Higgins and house band The Roots.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ \"The Tonight Show\" is produced by Katie Hockmeyer and executive-produced by Lorne Michaels.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show records from Studio 6B in Rockefeller Center, New York City.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ This was where \"The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson\" was filmed until 1972.", "Late night television in the United States __knowledge__ Late night television in the United States is the block of television programming airing after 11:00 p.m. and usually through 2:00 a.m.", "Late night television in the United States __knowledge__ Traditionally, this type of programming airs after the late local news and is most notable for being the daypart used for a particular genre of programming that falls somewhere between a variety show and a talk show.", "Late night television in the United States __knowledge__ Popular shows within the late night talk show genre include \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", \"Late Show with Stephen Colbert\", \"The Late Late Show with James Corden\", \"Late Night with Seth Meyers\", \"Jimmy Kimmel Live!\"", "Late night television in the United States __knowledge__ and \"Conan\".", "Late night television in the United States __knowledge__ Famous former hosts include Johnny Carson of \"The Tonight Show\", Jay Leno of \"The Tonight Show\" (who has taped more episodes than any other late night host), Arsenio Hall of \"The Arsenio Hall Show\", Tom Snyder of \"Tomorrow\", and \"The Late Late Show\", Steve Allen, the father of the late night talk show and founder of \"Tonight\" (now known as \"The Tonight Show\"), Merv Griffin and Dick Cavett, early competitors with Carson, and Jack Paar, the man who followed Steve Allen as host of the \"Tonight Show\" and who is responsible for setting the standards for the genre.", "Late Night with Conan O'Brien __knowledge__ Late Night with Conan O'Brien is an American late-night talk show hosted by Conan O'Brien that aired 2,725 episodes on NBC between 1993 and 2009.", "Late Night with Conan O'Brien __knowledge__ The show featured varied comedic material, celebrity interviews, and musical and comedy performances.", "Late Night with Conan O'Brien __knowledge__ \"Late Night\" aired weeknights at 12:37 am Eastern/11:37 pm Central and 12:37 am Mountain in the United States.", "Late Night with Conan O'Brien __knowledge__ From 1993 until 2000, Andy Richter served as O'Brien's sidekick; following his departure, O'Brien was the show's sole featured performer.", "Late Night with Conan O'Brien __knowledge__ The show's house musical act was The Max Weinberg 7, led by E Street Band drummer Max Weinberg.", "Late Night with Conan O'Brien __knowledge__ The second incarnation of NBC's \"Late Night\" franchise, O'Brien's debuted in 1993 after David Letterman, who hosted the first incarnation of \"Late Night\", moved to CBS to host \"Late Show\" opposite \"The Tonight Show\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ James Thomas Fallon (born September 19, 1974) is an American comedian, actor, television host and musician.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He is known for his work in television as a cast member on \"Saturday Night Live\" and as the host of late-night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\" and before that \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was born in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn and raised in Saugerties, New York.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He grew up with an interest in comedy and music, moving to Los Angeles at 21 to pursue opportunities in stand-up comedy.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was commissioned to join NBC's \"Saturday Night Live\" as a cast member in 1998, fulfilling a lifelong dream.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Fallon remained on \"SNL\" for six years between 1998 and 2004, co-hosting the program's Weekend Update segment and becoming a celebrity in the process.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He left the program for the film industry, starring in films such as \"Taxi\" (2004) and \"Fever Pitch\" (2005).", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Following his film career, Fallon returned to television as the host of \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\" on NBC in 2009, where he became well known for his emphasis on music and games.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He moved from that program to become the sixth permanent host of the long-running \"The Tonight Show\" in 2014.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ In addition to his television work, Fallon has released two comedy albums and five books.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is an anxiety disorder characterized by a significant amount of fear in one or more social situations, causing considerable distress and impaired ability to function in at least some parts of daily life.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ These fears can be triggered by perceived or actual scrutiny from others.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Physical symptoms often include excessive blushing, excess sweating, trembling, palpitations, and nausea.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Stammering may be present, along with rapid speech.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Panic attacks can also occur under intense fear and discomfort.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Some sufferers may use alcohol or other drugs to reduce fears and inhibitions at social events.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (, lit: \"How many knots are left to untie?\")", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ is a Pakistani drama series, airs on Hum TV.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Created by Angeline Malik, the series is a sequel of the anthology series \"Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain\" (20112014).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It premiered on 30 October 2016 with a different cast and different story.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ It revolves around a married couple, Saba (Hira Salman) and Kamran (Hassan Ahmed).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ They ask Jameela (servant) to give another servant duty if he/she is interested.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She suppresses Rozi (Ushna Shah).", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ Saba is strict with her servants especially with Rozi.", "Kitni Girhain Baaki Hain (season 2) __knowledge__ She drinks water in Saba's glass, to which JHOOTA BURTAN has been derived.", "Novi Sad __knowledge__ Novi Sad (, ; ; , the city has a population of 250,439, while the urban area of Novi Sad (with the adjacent urban settlements of Petrovaradin and Sremska Kamenica) has 277,522 inhabitants.", "Novi Sad __knowledge__ The population of the administrative area of the city stands at 341,625 people.", "Novi Sad __knowledge__ Novi Sad was founded in 1694, when Serb merchants formed a colony across the Danube from the Petrovaradin fortress, a Habsburg strategic military post.", "Novi Sad __knowledge__ In the 18th and 19th centuries, it became an important trading and manufacturing centre, as well as a centre of Serbian culture of that period, earning the nickname of the \"Serbian Athens\".", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ The Special Activities Division (SAD) is a division of the United States Central Intelligence Agency responsible for covert operations.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ Within SAD there are two separate groups: SAD/SOG for tactical paramilitary operations and SAD/PAG for covert political action.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ SAD's name changed to Special Activities Center as a result of the modernization and reorganization of the CIA in 2016.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ The Special Operations Group (SOG) is the department within SAD responsible for operations that include high-threat military or covert operations which the US government does not wish to be overtly associated.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ As such, unit members, called Paramilitary Operations Officers and Specialized Skills Officers, do not typically carry any objects or clothing, e.g., military uniforms, that would associate them with the United States government.", "Robert Soucy __knowledge__ Robert Soucy (born June 25, 1933) is an American historian, specializing in French fascist movements between 1924 and 1939, French fascist intellectuals Maurice Barrès and Pierre Drieu La Rochelle, European fascism, twentieth-century European intellectual history, and Marcel Proust's aesthetics of reading.", "Robert Soucy __knowledge__ Robert J. Soucy was born in Topeka, Kansas.", "Robert Soucy __knowledge__ His father was a fruit and vegetables peddler and his mother a former farm girl.", "Robert Soucy __knowledge__ Soucy graduated from Washburn University in 1955, was a Fulbright scholar in Dijon, France in 1956-57, received his M.A.", "Robert Soucy __knowledge__ from Kansas University in 1957 and was an Intelligence Officer in the United States Air Force 1957-1960.", "Tony Soprano __knowledge__ Anthony John \"Tony\" Soprano is a fictional character and the protagonist in the HBO television drama series \"The Sopranos\" (1999–2007), portrayed by James Gandolfini.", "Tony Soprano __knowledge__ The Italian-American character was conceived by \"Sopranos\" creator and show runner David Chase, who was also largely responsible for the character's story arc throughout the show's six seasons.", "Tony Soprano __knowledge__ The character is loosely based on real-life New Jersey mobster Vincent \"Vinny Ocean\" Palermo, a former \"caporegime\" (\"capo\") and \"de facto\" boss of the DeCavalcante crime family of New Jersey.", "Tony Soprano __knowledge__ Bobby Boriello portrayed Soprano as a child in one episode, and Danny Petrillo played the character as a teenager in three episodes.", "Separation anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Separation anxiety disorder (SAD), is an anxiety disorder in which an individual experiences excessive anxiety regarding separation from home or from people to whom the individual has a strong emotional attachment (e.g., a parent, caregiver, significant other or siblings).", "Separation anxiety disorder __knowledge__ It is most common in infants and small children, typically between the ages of 6–7 months to 3 years, although it may pathologically manifest itself in older children, adolescents and adults.", "Separation anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Separation anxiety is a natural part of the developmental process.", "Separation anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Unlike SAD (indicated by excessive anxiety), normal separation anxiety indicates healthy advancements in a child's cognitive maturation and should not be considered a developing behavioral problem.", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ The Land of Gorch was a recurring skit that appeared in season one of the American comedy television program \"Saturday Night Live,\" featuring Jim Henson's Muppets.", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ Prior to his work for children on \"Sesame Street\", Henson had created puppetry work, including his show \"Sam and Friends\", for adult audiences.", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ His characters appeared regularly on the late-night comedy television programs, and \"The Ed Sullivan Show\".", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ After \"Sesame Street\", Henson feared he would become typecast into working on children's television series.", "The Land of Gorch __knowledge__ His talent agent Bernie Brillstein, who represented Gilda Radner, Dan Aykroyd, and John Belushi, helped him transition to \"Saturday Night Live\".", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ Saturday Night Live (SNL) is an American late-night live television variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Dick Ebersol.", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ The show premiered on NBC on October 11, 1975, under the original title NBC's Saturday Night.", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ The show's comedy sketches, which parody contemporary culture and politics, are performed by a large and varying cast of repertory and newer cast members.", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ Each episode is hosted by a celebrity guest, who usually delivers an opening monologue and performs in sketches with the cast as with featured performances by a musical guest.", "Saturday Night Live __knowledge__ An episode normally begins with a cold open sketch that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming, \"Live from New York, it's Saturday Night!", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ \"The Last Voyage of the Starship \"Enterprise\"\" is a comedy sketch that first aired on May 29, 1976, during episode 22 of the first season of the NBC variety show, \"Saturday Night Live\".", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ The twelve-minute sketch was written by Michael O'Donoghue during a month-long process consulting with actor John Belushi.", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ The sketch is a satire of the 1969 cancellation of \"\".", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ The set design featured an effective replica of the bridge of the U.S.S \"Enterprise\".", "The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise __knowledge__ Dress rehearsal was difficult, with the writer doubting whether Belushi would be able to pull off an effective parody of William Shatner's performance as Captain James Kirk.", "Don Roy King __knowledge__ Don Roy King is the director of \"Saturday Night Live\", having assumed the role in 2006.", "Don Roy King __knowledge__ He is the recipient of 9 Emmy awards and 17 nominations.", "Don Roy King __knowledge__ His work on \"Saturday Night Live\" has earned him seven Primetime Emmys and eleven nominations.", "Don Roy King __knowledge__ Mr. King has also been nominated for five Daytime Emmys for Outstanding Individual Direction For A Variety Show.", "Don Roy King __knowledge__ He won in 1977 for \"The Mike Douglas Show.\"", "Don Roy King __knowledge__ In 1991, he won an Emmy for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Graphic Design for his work on \"CBS Evening News with Dan Rather.\"", "Don Roy King __knowledge__ He has been nominated for eleven DGA (Director's Guild of America) awards, which he won in 2014, 2016 and 2017.", "History of Saturday Night Live (1975–80) __knowledge__ \"Saturday Night Live\" is an American sketch comedy series created and produced by Lorne Michaels for most of the show's run.", "History of Saturday Night Live (1975–80) __knowledge__ The show has aired on NBC since 1975.", "History of Saturday Night Live (1975–80) __knowledge__ \"Saturday Night Live\" was not an immediate hit with an emphasis on musical performances, the show soon developed its own identity with help from the \"Not Ready For Prime Time Players\".", "History of Saturday Night Live (1975–80) __knowledge__ After an unstable first season, more and more sketch comedy got on the air, and \"SNL\" became something of a New York institution.", "History of Saturday Night Live (1975–80) __knowledge__ The first four seasons of the show were a hit both commercially and critically, catapulting the original cast into stardom.", "Gilda Radner __knowledge__ Gilda Susan Radner (June 28, 1946 – May 20, 1989) was an American comedian, actress, and one of seven original cast members of the NBC sketch comedy show \"Saturday Night Live\" (\"SNL\").", "Gilda Radner __knowledge__ In her routines, Radner specialized in broad and obnoxious parodies of television stereotypes, such as annoying advice specialists and news anchors.", "Gilda Radner __knowledge__ She also portrayed those characters in her highly successful one-woman show on Broadway in 1979.", "Gilda Radner __knowledge__ Radner died from ovarian cancer in 1989, and her life and legacy from \"SNL\" established her as an iconic figure in the history of American comedy.", "Gilda Radner __knowledge__ Her widower, Gene Wilder, carried out her personal wish that information about her illness would help other cancer victims.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ James Thomas Fallon (born September 19, 1974) is an American comedian, actor, television host and musician.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He is known for his work in television as a cast member on \"Saturday Night Live\" and as the host of late-night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\" and before that \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was born in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn and raised in Saugerties, New York.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He grew up with an interest in comedy and music, moving to Los Angeles at 21 to pursue opportunities in stand-up comedy.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was commissioned to join NBC's \"Saturday Night Live\" as a cast member in 1998, fulfilling a lifelong dream.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Fallon remained on \"SNL\" for six years between 1998 and 2004, co-hosting the program's Weekend Update segment and becoming a celebrity in the process.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He left the program for the film industry, starring in films such as \"Taxi\" (2004) and \"Fever Pitch\" (2005).", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Following his film career, Fallon returned to television as the host of \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\" on NBC in 2009, where he became well known for his emphasis on music and games.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He moved from that program to become the sixth permanent host of the long-running \"The Tonight Show\" in 2014.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ In addition to his television work, Fallon has released two comedy albums and five books.", "Dual-member proportional representation __knowledge__ Dual-member proportional representation (DMP), also known as dual-member mixed proportional, is an electoral system designed to produce proportional election results across a region by electing two representatives in each of the region’s districts.", "Dual-member proportional representation __knowledge__ The 1st seat in every district is awarded to the candidate who receives the most votes, similar to first-past-the-post voting (FPTP).", "Dual-member proportional representation __knowledge__ The 2nd seat is awarded to one of the remaining district candidates so that proportionality is achieved across the region, using a calculation that aims to award parties their seats in the districts where they had their strongest performances.", "The Genius: Rules of the Game __knowledge__ The Genius: Rules of the Game () is the first season of \"The Genius\" debuted on tvN on April 26, 2013.", "The Genius: Rules of the Game __knowledge__ Footnotes The finalist which the returning eliminated players chose to give the items.", "The Genius: Rules of the Game __knowledge__ All 13 contestants begin the game with a total of nine cards, three each with values of 1, 2, and 3.", "The Genius: Rules of the Game __knowledge__ Contestants use these cards to challenge other players to single-card duels; the player who shows highest valued card scores a point, at which point the used cards are removed from the game.", "The Genius: Rules of the Game __knowledge__ Contestants have the right to accept or refuse a challenge from any other contestant, and cards can be traded or given away among fellow contestants.", "Family Game Night (TV series) __knowledge__ Family Game Night is an American television game show based on Hasbro's family of board games and EA's video game franchise of the same name.", "Family Game Night (TV series) __knowledge__ The show is hosted by Todd Newton.", "Family Game Night (TV series) __knowledge__ Burton Richardson announced for the first two seasons, until he was replaced by Stacey J. Aswad for the third season, and then Andrew Kishino beginning in the fourth season.", "Family Game Night (TV series) __knowledge__ The 60-minute program debuted on October 10, 2010 on the new channel, The Hub, formerly Discovery Kids (later Discovery Family on October 13, 2014); it was previewed on October 9, 2010 on its sister channel, TLC.", "Family Game Night (TV series) __knowledge__ Seasons 1 through 3 each contained between 20 and 30 episodes.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Pricing games are featured on the current version of the American game show The Price Is Right.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ The contestant from Contestants' Row who bids closest to the price of a prize without going over wins the prize and has the chance to win additional prizes or cash in an onstage game.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ After the pricing game ends, a new contestant is selected for Contestants' Row and the process is repeated.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Six pricing games are played on each hour-long episode.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Prior to expanding to one hour in length, three games per episode were played during the half-hour format.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ With the exception of a single game from early in the show's history, only one contestant at a time is involved in a pricing game.", "Representative democracy in Singapore __knowledge__ Singapore has a multi-party parliamentary system of representative democracy in which the President of Singapore is the head of state and the Prime Minister of Singapore is the head of government.", "Representative democracy in Singapore __knowledge__ Executive power is vested in the President and the Cabinet.", "Representative democracy in Singapore __knowledge__ Cabinet has the general direction and control of the government and is collectively responsible to the Parliament.", "Representative democracy in Singapore __knowledge__ There are three separate branches of government: the legislature, executive and judiciary.", "Representative democracy in Singapore __knowledge__ Representative democracy began in the 1940s when the number of elected seats in the legislature gradually increased, until a fully elected Legislative Assembly of Singapore was established in 1958.", "Opinion poll __knowledge__ An opinion poll, often simply referred to as a poll or a survey, is a human research survey of public opinion from a particular sample.", "Opinion poll __knowledge__ Opinion polls are usually designed to represent the opinions of a population by conducting a series of questions and then extrapolating generalities in ratio or within confidence intervals.", "Opinion poll __knowledge__ The first known example of an opinion poll was a local straw poll conducted by \"The Aru Pennsylvanian\" in 1824, showing Andrew Jackson leading John Quincy Adams by 335 votes to 169 in the contest for the United States Presidency.", "Opinion poll __knowledge__ Since Jackson won the popular vote in that state and the whole country, such straw votes gradually became more popular, but they remained local, usually citywide phenomena.", "Elections in the United States __knowledge__ Elections in the United States are held for government officials at the federal, state, and local levels.", "Elections in the United States __knowledge__ At the federal level, the nation's head of state, the President, is elected indirectly by the people of each state, through an Electoral College.", "Elections in the United States __knowledge__ Today, these electors almost always vote with the popular vote of their state.", "Elections in the United States __knowledge__ All members of the federal legislature, the Congress, are directly elected by the people of each state.", "Elections in the United States __knowledge__ There are many elected offices at state level, each state having at least an elective Governor and legislature.", "Elections in the United States __knowledge__ There are also elected offices at the local level, in counties, cities, towns, townships, boroughs, and villages.", "David Duke __knowledge__ David Ernest Duke (born July 1, 1950) is an American white supremacist and white nationalist politician, antisemitic conspiracy theorist, Holocaust denier, convicted felon, and former Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan.", "David Duke __knowledge__ A former Republican Louisiana State Representative, Duke was a candidate in the Democratic presidential primaries in 1988 and the Republican presidential primaries in 1992.", "David Duke __knowledge__ Duke also ran unsuccessfully for the Louisiana State Senate, United States Senate, United States House of Representatives, and for Governor of Louisiana.", "David Duke __knowledge__ In 2002, Duke was convicted of defrauding supporters when he pled guilty to claiming to be in dire financial straits, and asking them for money to help him pay for basic necessities.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "Kurt Vonnegut __knowledge__ Kurt Vonnegut Jr. (; November 11, 1922April 11, 2007) was an American writer.", "Kurt Vonnegut __knowledge__ In a career spanning over 50 years, Vonnegut published 14 novels, three short story collections, five plays, and five works of non-fiction.", "Kurt Vonnegut __knowledge__ He is most famous for his darkly satirical, best-selling novel \"Slaughterhouse-Five\" (1969).", "Kurt Vonnegut __knowledge__ Born and raised in Indianapolis, Indiana, Vonnegut attended Cornell University, but dropped out in January 1943 and enlisted in the United States Army.", "Kurt Vonnegut __knowledge__ As part of his training, he studied mechanical engineering at Carnegie Institute of Technology (now Carnegie Mellon University) and the University of Tennessee.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Education in China is a state-run system of public education run by the Ministry of Education.", "Education in China __knowledge__ All citizens must attend school for at least nine years, known as the nine-year compulsory education, which the government funds.", "Education in China __knowledge__ It includes six years of primary education, starting at age six or seven, and three years of junior secondary education (junior middle school) for ages 12 to 15.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Some provinces may have five years of primary school but four years for junior middle school.", "Education in China __knowledge__ After junior middle school, there are three years of senior middle school, which then completes the secondary education.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Marine Le Pen __knowledge__ Marion Anne Perrine \"Marine\" Le Pen (; born 5 August 1968) is a French politician and lawyer, and President of the National Front (; FN), a right-wing populist and nationalist political party in France.", "Marine Le Pen __knowledge__ She has been a Deputy of the National Assembly for Pas-de-Calais's 11th constituency since 18 June 2017.", "Marine Le Pen __knowledge__ She is the youngest daughter of party founder Jean-Marie Le Pen and the aunt of former FN MP Marion Maréchal-Le Pen.", "Marine Le Pen __knowledge__ Le Pen joined the FN in 1986 and was elected as a regional councillor (1998–present), a Member of European Parliament (2004–2017), and a municipal councillor in Hénin-Beaumont (2008–2011).", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ U.S.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Senator John McCain (R-AZ), a member of the U.S. Congress since 1983, a two-time U.S. presidential candidate, and the nominee of the Republican Party in the 2008 U.S. Presidential election, has taken positions on many political issues through his public comments, his presidential campaign statements, and his senatorial voting record.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Online, McCain uses his Senate web site and his 2008 campaign web site to describe his political positions.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Regarding the general notion of consistency of political positions over time, McCain said in June 2008: \"My principles and my practice and my voting record are very clear." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ James Thomas Fallon (born September 19, 1974) is an American comedian, actor, television host and musician.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He is known for his work in television as a cast member on \"Saturday Night Live\" and as the host of late-night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\" and before that \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was born in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn and raised in Saugerties, New York.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He grew up with an interest in comedy and music, moving to Los Angeles at 21 to pursue opportunities in stand-up comedy.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He was commissioned to join NBC's \"Saturday Night Live\" as a cast member in 1998, fulfilling a lifelong dream.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Fallon remained on \"SNL\" for six years between 1998 and 2004, co-hosting the program's Weekend Update segment and becoming a celebrity in the process.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He left the program for the film industry, starring in films such as \"Taxi\" (2004) and \"Fever Pitch\" (2005).", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Following his film career, Fallon returned to television as the host of \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\" on NBC in 2009, where he became well known for his emphasis on music and games.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ He moved from that program to become the sixth permanent host of the long-running \"The Tonight Show\" in 2014.", "Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ In addition to his television work, Fallon has released two comedy albums and five books.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Blaine Devon Anderson is a fictional character from the American musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\".", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Played by Darren Criss, Blaine was introduced in the sixth episode of the second season as the openly gay lead singer of the Dalton Academy Warblers, a rival show choir to New Directions, the show's primary musical group.", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Blaine initially served as a mentor for New Directions member Kurt Hummel (Chris Colfer).", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Chemistry between the two, combined with fan support for the couple, led series co-creator Ryan Murphy to pair them romantically.", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Their relationship has been well received by critics, and they have been named \"one of the most beloved TV couples of the millennium\" by Jarett Wieselman of the \"New York Post\".", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Maria Callas, Commendatore OMRI (; December 2, 1923 – September 16, 1977), was a Greek-American soprano, and one of the most renowned and influential opera singers of the 20th century.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Many critics praised her \"bel canto\" technique, wide-ranging voice and dramatic interpretations.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her repertoire ranged from classical \"opera seria\" to the \"bel canto\" operas of Donizetti, Bellini and Rossini and further, to the works of Verdi and Puccini; and, in her early career, to the music dramas of Wagner.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her musical and dramatic talents led to her being hailed as \"La Divina\".", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Born in New York City and raised by an overbearing mother, she received her musical education in Greece and established her career in Italy.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ Post is the second solo studio album by Icelandic musician Björk.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ The album was released in June 1995 through One Little Indian in the United Kingdom and Elektra Records in the United States.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ Unlike her previous release \"Debut\"—which was almost entirely produced by Nellee Hooper—\"Post\" is characterised by more collaborations, including production by Hooper, 808 State's Graham Massey, and former Massive Attack member Tricky.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ Björk co-produced every song on the album.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ \"Post\" received critical acclaim and was a commercial success, charting at number 2 in the United Kingdom and 32 in the United States.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Francis Albert Sinatra (; December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 150million records worldwide.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to Italian immigrants, Sinatra began his musical career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James and Tommy Dorsey.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943, becoming the idol of the \"bobby soxers\".", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He released his debut album, \"The Voice of Frank Sinatra\", in 1946.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Stone is a 2010 U.S. crime thriller film directed by John Curran and starring Robert De Niro, Edward Norton and Milla Jovovich.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Most of the filming was done in Washtenaw County, Michigan.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ This was the final film to be released by Overture Films.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Young mother Madylyn Mabry puts her daughter to bed while her husband Jack watches golf on television.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ A bee buzzes around the window as she stays with her girl.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ After the child is asleep, she goes downstairs and announces she's leaving, saying \"You keep my soul in a dungeon.\"", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ He takes a moment to disconnect from the game, then runs upstairs to the bedroom and holds their daughter out the window, threatening to drop her if Madylyn leaves.", "Artie Lange __knowledge__ Arthur Steven \"Artie\" Lange Jr. (born October 11, 1967) is an American comedian, actor, author, and radio and podcast host, best known for his tenures on \"The Howard Stern Show\" and the sketch comedy series \"Mad TV\".", "Artie Lange __knowledge__ Born and raised in New Jersey, Lange first worked as a longshoreman and taxi driver to help support his family following the death of his quadriplegic father.", "Artie Lange __knowledge__ In 1987, he made his debut as a stand up comic and took up the profession full time in the early 1990s, performing in clubs and improv shows in and around New York City.", "Artie Lange __knowledge__ In 1995, Lange moved to Los Angeles to star in the first season of \"Mad TV\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Joan Rivers __knowledge__ Joan Alexandra Molinsky (June 8, 1933 – September 4, 2014), professional name Joan Rivers, was an American stand-up comedian, actress, writer, producer, and television host.", "Joan Rivers __knowledge__ She was noted for her often controversial comedic persona—heavily self-deprecating or sharply acerbic, especially toward celebrities and politicians.", "Joan Rivers __knowledge__ Rivers gained prominence in 1965 as a guest on \"The Tonight Show\".", "Joan Rivers __knowledge__ Hosted by her mentor, Johnny Carson, the show established Rivers' comedic style.", "Joan Rivers __knowledge__ In 1986, with her own rival program, \"The Late Show with Joan Rivers\", Rivers became the first woman to host a late night network television talk show.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon is an American late-night talk show hosted by Jimmy Fallon, on NBC.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show premiered on February 17, 2014, and is produced by Broadway Video and Universal Television.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ It is the seventh incarnation of NBC's long-running \"Tonight Show\" franchise, with Fallon serving as the sixth host.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show also stars sidekick and announcer Steve Higgins and house band The Roots.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ \"The Tonight Show\" is produced by Katie Hockmeyer and executive-produced by Lorne Michaels.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show records from Studio 6B in Rockefeller Center, New York City.", "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ This was where \"The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson\" was filmed until 1972.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Late Night with Jimmy Fallon is an American late-night talk show hosted by comedian Jimmy Fallon.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The hour-long show, which premiered on March 2, 2009, and ended on February 7, 2014, aired weeknights at 12:35 am Eastern/11:35 pm Central on NBC in the United States.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The third incarnation of the \"Late Night\" franchise originated by David Letterman, the program originated from NBC Studio 6B (and Studio 6A for the final 6 months of its run) in the GE Building at 30 Rockefeller Center in New York City.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show typically opened with a brief monologue from Fallon, followed by a comedy \"desk piece,\" as well as prerecorded segments and audience competitions.", "Jackie Martling __knowledge__ John Coger \"Jackie\" Martling, Jr. (born February 14, 1948), also known as \"Jackie the Joke Man\", is an American stand-up comedian, writer, radio personality, author, and actor.", "Jackie Martling __knowledge__ He is best known as the former head writer for \"The Howard Stern Show\" from 1983 to 2001.", "Jackie Martling __knowledge__ Born and raised on Long Island, New York, Martling began a career in stand-up comedy in 1979, developing a blue comedy act in local venues.", "Jackie Martling __knowledge__ He self-produced his first of three comedy albums during this time, \"What Did You Expect?\"", "Jackie Martling __knowledge__ (1979).", "Jackie Martling __knowledge__ After becoming involved with Rick Dees's radio show as a regular joke feature, Martling sent his albums to New York City radio personality Howard Stern, who invited him as a weekly guest and writer in 1983." ] ]

[ 2, 6, 10, 8 ]

[ "Yea I feel it too. \"Saturday Night Live\" just feels so forced and dry for the past few years.", "I think the six years between 1998 and 2004 were the best but you're right, its far too political nowadays.", "Fallon has released two comedy albums and five books. I bet they're also filled with politics.", "Yup the books are well known for the emphasis on music and games." ]

[ "Jimmy Fallon", "Jimmy Fallon", "Jimmy Fallon", "Jimmy Fallon" ]

[ "Long-distance running", "How are you training for the marathon?", "Is there a certain training regimen you have to undertake?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Long-distance running, or endurance running, is a form of continuous running over distances of at least eight kilometres (5 miles).", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Physiologically, it is largely aerobic in nature and requires stamina as well as mental strength.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Among mammals, humans are well adapted for running significant distances, and particularly so among primates.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The endurance running hypothesis suggests that running endurance in the \"Homo\" genus arose because travelling over large areas improved scavenging opportunities and allowed persistence hunting.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The capacity for endurance running is also found in migratory ungulates and a limited number of terrestrial carnivores, such as dogs, wolves and hyenas.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ In modern human society, long-distance running has multiple purposes: people may engage in it for physical exercise, for recreation, as a means of travel, for economic reasons, or for cultural reasons.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Long distance running can also be used as a means to improve cardiovascular health.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Running improves aerobic fitness by increasing the activity of enzymes and hormones that stimulate the muscles and the heart to work more efficiently.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Endurance running is often a component of physical military training and has been so historically." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Long-distance running, or endurance running, is a form of continuous running over distances of at least eight kilometres (5 miles).", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Physiologically, it is largely aerobic in nature and requires stamina as well as mental strength.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Among mammals, humans are well adapted for running significant distances, and particularly so among primates.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The endurance running hypothesis suggests that running endurance in the \"Homo\" genus arose because travelling over large areas improved scavenging opportunities and allowed persistence hunting.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The capacity for endurance running is also found in migratory ungulates and a limited number of terrestrial carnivores, such as dogs, wolves and hyenas.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ In modern human society, long-distance running has multiple purposes: people may engage in it for physical exercise, for recreation, as a means of travel, for economic reasons, or for cultural reasons.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Long distance running can also be used as a means to improve cardiovascular health.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Running improves aerobic fitness by increasing the activity of enzymes and hormones that stimulate the muscles and the heart to work more efficiently.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Endurance running is often a component of physical military training and has been so historically.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The marathon is a long-distance running race with an official distance of 42.195 kilometres (26.219 miles, or 26 miles 385 yards), usually run as a road race.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The event was instituted in commemoration of the fabled run of the Greek soldier Pheidippides, a messenger from the Battle of Marathon to Athens, who reported the victory.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The marathon was one of the original modern Olympic events in 1896, though the distance did not become standardized until 1921.", "Marathon __knowledge__ More than 800 marathons are held throughout the world each year, with the vast majority of competitors being recreational athletes as larger marathons can have tens of thousands of participants.", "Boston Marathon __knowledge__ The Boston Marathon is an annual marathon hosted by several cities in greater Boston in eastern Massachusetts, United States.", "Boston Marathon __knowledge__ It is always held on Patriots' Day, the third Monday of April.", "Boston Marathon __knowledge__ Begun in 1897, inspired by the success of the first marathon competition in the 1896 Summer Olympics, the Boston Marathon is the world's oldest annual marathon and ranks as one of the world's best-known road racing events.", "Boston Marathon __knowledge__ It is one of six World Marathon Majors, and is one of five major events held in the United States through the years of both World Wars (the Kentucky Derby, Penn Relays, Rose Parade, and Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show are the others).", "Paula Radcliffe __knowledge__ Paula Jane Radcliffe, MBE (born 17 December 1973) is an English long-distance runner.", "Paula Radcliffe __knowledge__ She is a three-time winner of the London Marathon (2002, 2003, 2005), three-time New York Marathon champion (2004, 2007, 2008), and 2002 Chicago Marathon winner.", "Paula Radcliffe __knowledge__ She has been the women marathon world record holder for 15 years (2002–present).", "Paula Radcliffe __knowledge__ Radcliffe is a former world champion in the marathon, half marathon and cross country.", "Paula Radcliffe __knowledge__ She has also been European champion over 10,000 metres and in cross country.", "Paula Radcliffe __knowledge__ On the track, Radcliffe won the 10,000 metres silver medal at the 1999 World Championships and was the 2002 Commonwealth champion at 5000 metres.", "Bat-Ochiryn Ser-Od __knowledge__ Bat-Ochiryn \"Ziggy\" Ser-Od (, born 7 October 1981 in Gobi-Altai province) is a Mongolian long-distance runner who competes in road races, particularly the marathon.", "Bat-Ochiryn Ser-Od __knowledge__ He represented his country in the marathon at the Summer Olympics in 2004, 2008 and 2012 where he also was flagbearer.", "Bat-Ochiryn Ser-Od __knowledge__ A member of the Morpeth Harriers running club, he divides his time between his native country and Gateshead in England.", "Bat-Ochiryn Ser-Od __knowledge__ Ser-od began his international career in 2002 and has competed in the marathon at five consecutive editions of the World Championships in Athletics since 2003.", "Bat-Ochiryn Ser-Od __knowledge__ His best performance is 20th at the 2011 World Championships.", "New York City Marathon __knowledge__ The New York City Marathon (branded TCS New York City Marathon and formerly branded ING New York City Marathon for sponsorship reasons) is an annual marathon () that courses through the five boroughs of New York City.", "New York City Marathon __knowledge__ It is the largest marathon in the world, with 51,394 finishers in 2016 and 98,247 applicants for the 2017 race.", "New York City Marathon __knowledge__ Along with the Boston Marathon and Chicago Marathon, it is among the pre-eminent long-distance annual running events in the United States and is one of the World Marathon Majors.", "New York City Marathon __knowledge__ The race is organized by New York Road Runners and has been run every year since 1970, with the exception of 2012, when it was cancelled due to the landfall of Hurricane Sandy.", "Little Rock Marathon __knowledge__ The Little Rock Marathon, started in 2003, is an annual marathon held in Little Rock, Arkansas.", "Little Rock Marathon __knowledge__ The event, which is traditionally held the First Weekend of March each year, is intended to encourage better health and fitness and to raise funds for Little Rock Parks & Recreation.", "Little Rock Marathon __knowledge__ The goal of the event is to hold a community supported and nationally recognized marathon that promotes tourism in Arkansas and showcases the superior organizational efforts of its staff, sponsors and volunteers, while attracting athletes of all ages and abilities.", "Little Rock Marathon __knowledge__ Participants come from all 50 states and 14 different countries.", "Chicago Marathon __knowledge__ The Chicago Marathon is a marathon held yearly in Chicago, Illinois, United States.", "Chicago Marathon __knowledge__ Alongside the Boston, New York, London, Berlin, and Tokyo Marathons, it is one of the six World Marathon Majors.", "Chicago Marathon __knowledge__ Thus, it is also an IAAF Gold Label race.", "Chicago Marathon __knowledge__ The Chicago Marathon is the fourth-largest race by number of finishers worldwide.", "Chicago Marathon __knowledge__ The October 8, 2017 running was the 40th anniversary of the race.", "Chicago Marathon __knowledge__ The first race was held on September 25, 1977 under the original name the Mayor Daley Marathon, which drew a field of 4,200 runners.", "Chicago Marathon __knowledge__ The race has been held every year since, except in 1987 when only a half-marathon was run.", "Paavo Nurmi __knowledge__ Paavo Johannes Nurmi (; 13 June 1897 – 2 October 1973) was a Finnish middle- and long-distance runner.", "Paavo Nurmi __knowledge__ He was nicknamed the \"Flying Finn\" as he dominated distance running in the early 20th century.", "Paavo Nurmi __knowledge__ Nurmi set 22 official world records at distances between 1500 metres and 20 kilometres, and won nine gold and three silver medals in his twelve events in the Olympic Games.", "Paavo Nurmi __knowledge__ At his peak, Nurmi was undefeated at distances from 800 m upwards for 121 races.", "Paavo Nurmi __knowledge__ Throughout his 14-year career, he remained unbeaten in cross country events and the 10,000 m. Born into a working-class family, Nurmi left school at 12 to provide for his family.", "Abebe Bikila __knowledge__ Abebe Bikila (; August 7, 1932 – October 25, 1973) was an Ethiopian double Olympic marathon champion.", "Abebe Bikila __knowledge__ He won the marathon at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome while running barefoot, setting a world record.", "Abebe Bikila __knowledge__ At the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Abebe was the first athlete to successfully defend an Olympic marathon title, breaking his own world record in the process.", "Abebe Bikila __knowledge__ He was a member of the Ethiopian Imperial Guard, an elite infantry division that safeguarded the Emperor of Ethiopia.", "Abebe Bikila __knowledge__ Enlisting as a soldier before his athletic career, he rose to the rank of \"shambel\" (captain).", "Abebe Bikila __knowledge__ In Ethiopia, Abebe is formally known as \"Shambel\" Abebe Bikila ().", "Arthur Lydiard __knowledge__ Arthur Leslie Lydiard (6 July 1917 – 11 December 2004) was a New Zealand runner and athletics coach.", "Arthur Lydiard __knowledge__ He has been lauded as one of the outstanding athletics coaches of all time and is credited with popularizing the sport of running and making it commonplace across the sporting world.", "Arthur Lydiard __knowledge__ His training methods are based on a strong endurance base and periodisation.", "Arthur Lydiard __knowledge__ Lydiard competed in the Men's Marathon at the 1950 British Empire Games in Auckland, coming twelfth with a time of 2h:54m:51.6s.", "Arthur Lydiard __knowledge__ Lydiard presided over New Zealand's golden era in world track and field during the 1960s sending Murray Halberg, Peter Snell and Barry Magee to the podium at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome.", "Oregon Ducks track and field __knowledge__ The Oregon Ducks track and field program is the intercollegiate track and field team for the University of Oregon located in the U.S. state of Oregon.", "Oregon Ducks track and field __knowledge__ The team competes at the NCAA Division I level and is a member of the Pac-12 Conference.", "Oregon Ducks track and field __knowledge__ The team participates in indoor and outdoor track and field as well as cross country.", "Oregon Ducks track and field __knowledge__ Known as the Ducks, Oregon's first track and field team was fielded in 1895.", "Oregon Ducks track and field __knowledge__ The team holds its home meets at Hayward Field in Eugene, Oregon.", "Oregon Ducks track and field __knowledge__ Robert Johnson is the current head coach and since the program's inception in 1895, there have only been seven permanent head coaches.", "Gunn-Rita Dahle Flesjå __knowledge__ Gunn-Rita Dahle Flesjå (born 10 February 1973) is a Norwegian cross-country and marathon mountain biker.", "Gunn-Rita Dahle Flesjå __knowledge__ She won the women's cross-country gold medal at the 2004 Olympic Games and is a multiple World Champion.", "Gunn-Rita Dahle Flesjå __knowledge__ She has won six World Championships and six European championships.", "Gunn-Rita Dahle Flesjå __knowledge__ Dahle has also won four UCI World Cup XC in a row.", "Gunn-Rita Dahle Flesjå __knowledge__ Gunn-Rita grew up in the village of Bjørheimsbygd in Strand, Rogaland.", "Gunn-Rita Dahle Flesjå __knowledge__ She had her first MTB ride in April 1995 at 22 years old .", "Gunn-Rita Dahle Flesjå __knowledge__ Gunn-Rita has won a total of 18 Olympic, World- and European Championship Gold Medals.", "Gunn-Rita Dahle Flesjå __knowledge__ She currently rides for the German-based MTB Team, Multivan Mérida Biking Team." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Long-distance running, or endurance running, is a form of continuous running over distances of at least eight kilometres (5 miles).", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Physiologically, it is largely aerobic in nature and requires stamina as well as mental strength.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Among mammals, humans are well adapted for running significant distances, and particularly so among primates.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The endurance running hypothesis suggests that running endurance in the \"Homo\" genus arose because travelling over large areas improved scavenging opportunities and allowed persistence hunting.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The capacity for endurance running is also found in migratory ungulates and a limited number of terrestrial carnivores, such as dogs, wolves and hyenas.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ In modern human society, long-distance running has multiple purposes: people may engage in it for physical exercise, for recreation, as a means of travel, for economic reasons, or for cultural reasons.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Long distance running can also be used as a means to improve cardiovascular health.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Running improves aerobic fitness by increasing the activity of enzymes and hormones that stimulate the muscles and the heart to work more efficiently.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Endurance running is often a component of physical military training and has been so historically.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ The manga and anime series \"Slam Dunk\" features a cast of fictional characters created by Takehiko Inoue.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in Japan, with the main characters being high school basketball players from Kanagawa Prefecture.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ It tells the story of Hanamichi Sakuragi, a teenager who falls in love with Haruko Akagi after being rejected by 50 other girls.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ However, as Haruko is in love with Kaede Rukawa, a popular and talented basketball player, Sakuragi decides to join the Shohoku High School basketball team to surpass Rukawa and make Haruko fall in love with him.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ As he starts learning how to play basketball, Sakuragi starts liking the sport and resolves to become the best player.", "Ice bath __knowledge__ In sports therapy, an ice bath, or sometimes cold-water immersion or cold therapy, is a training regimen usually following a period of intense exercise in which a substantial part of a human body is immersed in a bath of ice or ice-water for a limited duration.", "Ice bath __knowledge__ While it is becoming increasingly popular and accepted among athletes in a variety of sports, the method is controversial, with a risk of hypothermia, with the possibility of shock leading to sudden death.", "Ice bath __knowledge__ Many athletes have used cold water immersion after an intense exercise workout in the belief that it speeds up bodily recovery; however, the internal physical processes are not well understood and remain elusive.", "United States Navy SEALs __knowledge__ The United States Navy's \"Sea, Air, and Land\" Teams, commonly abbreviated as the Navy SEALs, are the U.S. Navy's primary special operations force and a component of the Naval Special Warfare Command.", "United States Navy SEALs __knowledge__ Among the SEALs' main functions are conducting small-unit maritime military operations that originate from, and return to, a river, ocean, swamp, delta, or coastline.", "United States Navy SEALs __knowledge__ The SEALs are trained to operate in all environments (sea, air, and land) for which they are named.", "United States Navy SEALs __knowledge__ As of August 2017, all active SEALs are currently male and members of the U.S. Navy.", "United States Navy SEALs __knowledge__ The CIA's highly secretive and elite Special Operations Group (SOG) recruits operators from SEAL Teams, with joint operations going back to the MACV-SOG during the Vietnam War.", "Tuberculosis management __knowledge__ Tuberculosis management refers to the medical treatment of the infectious disease tuberculosis (TB).", "Tuberculosis management __knowledge__ The standard \"short\" course treatment for TB is isoniazid (along with pyridoxal phosphate to obviate peripheral neuropathy caused by isoniazid), rifampicin (also known as rifampin in the United States), pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for two months, then isoniazid and rifampicin alone for a further four months.", "Tuberculosis management __knowledge__ The patient is considered to be free of living bacteria after six months.", "Tuberculosis management __knowledge__ For latent tuberculosis, the standard treatment is six to nine months of daily isoniazid alone or three months of weekly (12 doses total) of isoniazid/rifapentine combination.", "USS Carpenter (DD-825) __knowledge__ USS \"Carpenter\" (DD/DDK/DDE-825) was a of the United States Navy, named for Lieutenant Commander Donald M. Carpenter (1894–1940).", "USS Carpenter (DD-825) __knowledge__ \"Carpenter\" was laid down on 30 July 1945 at Consolidated Steel Corporation, Orange, Texas; launched on 28 September 1945, and sponsored by Mrs. Donald M. Carpenter, widow of the ship's namesake.", "USS Carpenter (DD-825) __knowledge__ Work ceased on the ship, however, when the contract for her construction was cancelled on 30 January 1946, resumed on 21 February, but stopped again on 21 October when the hull was transferred to Algiers Naval Station, Louisiana.", "USS Carpenter (DD-825) __knowledge__ Towed to Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company on 6 November 1947 for completion as a Carpenter sub-class hunter-killer anti-submarine destroyer (DDK), \"Carpenter\" was commissioned at the Norfolk Naval Shipyard, Virginia, on 15 December 1949, Commander James B. Grady in command.\"", "Mike Murphy (trainer and coach) __knowledge__ Michael Charles \"Mike\" Murphy (February 26, 1860 – June 4, 1913) was an athletic trainer and coach at Yale University (1887–1889, 1892–1896, 1901–1905), Detroit Athletic Club (1889–1892), University of Michigan (1891), Villanova University (1894), University of Pennsylvania (1896–1901, 1905–1913), and the New York Athletic Club (1890–1900).", "Mike Murphy (trainer and coach) __knowledge__ He also coached the American track athletes at the Summer Olympics in 1900, 1908, and 1912.", "Mike Murphy (trainer and coach) __knowledge__ He also spent a year in approximately 1884 as the trainer of heavyweight boxing champion John L. Sullivan.", "Mike Murphy (trainer and coach) __knowledge__ \"The Washington Post\" in 1913 called Murphy \"the father of American track athletics.\"", "Recruit training __knowledge__ Recruit training, more commonly known as basic training or colloquially boot camp, refers to the initial instruction of new military personnel.", "Recruit training __knowledge__ Recruit training is a physically and psychologically intensive process, which resocializes its subjects for the demands of military employment.", "Recruit training __knowledge__ Initial military training is an intensive residential programme normally lasting several weeks or months, which aims to induct newly recruited military personnel into the social norms and essential tasks of the armed forces.", "Recruit training __knowledge__ Common features include foot drill, inspections, physical training, weapons training, and a graduation parade.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse racing is an equestrian performance sport, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys or driven over a set distance for competition.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ It is one of the most ancient of all sports and its basic premise – to identify which of two or more horses is the fastest over a set course or distance – has remained unchanged since the earliest times.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse races vary widely in format.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Often, countries have developed their own particular horse racing traditions.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Variations include restricting races to particular breeds, running over obstacles, running over different distances, running on different track surfaces and running in different gaits.", "Kutch Gurjar Kshatriyas contributions to the Indian railways __knowledge__ The Kutch Gurjar Kshatriyas (KGK) contributions to the Indian railways were widespread from the late 1850s to the latest reorganization of the Indian Railways infrastructure in 2003–2006.", "Kutch Gurjar Kshatriyas contributions to the Indian railways __knowledge__ The community also widely known as Mistris of Kutch (or Mistry) migrated from Kutch to perform the work and were involved in the laying down of railway tracks and construction of rail bridges in almost all railway routes of undivided British India.", "Kutch Gurjar Kshatriyas contributions to the Indian railways __knowledge__ The Mistris of Kutch or KGK are a small ethnic community numbering only 50,000 originating from their 19 villages in Kutch founded by them in the 11th century.", "Kutch Gurjar Kshatriyas contributions to the Indian railways __knowledge__ The names of these villages are Anjar, Chandiya, Devaliya, Galpadar, Hajapar, Jambudi, Khambhra, Khedoi, Kukma, Kumbharia Lovariya, Madhapar, Meghpar, Nagalpar, Nagor, Ratnal, Reha, Sinugra and Vidi.", "Endurance riding __knowledge__ Endurance riding is an equestrian sport based on controlled long-distance races.", "Endurance riding __knowledge__ It is one of the international competitions recognized by the FEI.", "Endurance riding __knowledge__ There are endurance rides worldwide.", "Endurance riding __knowledge__ There are two main types of long-distance riding, competitive trail riding and endurance rides.", "Endurance riding __knowledge__ In an endurance ride, discussed in this article, the winning horse is the first one to cross the finish line while stopping periodically to pass a veterinary check that deems the animal in good health and fit to continue.", "Endurance riding __knowledge__ In the United States, most endurance rides are either 50 or long.", "Endurance riding __knowledge__ Shorter rides, called Limited Distance rides (LD), are organized for new riders to the sport or young horses being trained.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ Secretariat (March 30, 1970 – October 4, 1989) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse who, in 1973, became the first Triple Crown winner in 25 years.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ His record-breaking win in the Belmont Stakes, where he left the field 31 lengths behind him, is widely regarded as one of the greatest races of all time.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ During his racing career, he won five Eclipse Awards, including Horse of the Year honors at ages two and three.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ He was elected to the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame in 1974.", "Secretariat (horse) __knowledge__ In the List of the Top 100 U.S. Racehorses of the 20th Century, Secretariat is second only to Man o' War (racing career 1919–1920), who also was a large chestnut colt given the nickname \"Big Red\".", "Eventing __knowledge__ Eventing (also known as three day eventing or horse trials) is an equestrian event where a single horse and rider combination compete against other combinations across the three disciplines of dressage, cross-country, and show jumping.", "Eventing __knowledge__ This event has its roots in a comprehensive cavalry test which required mastery of several types of riding.", "Eventing __knowledge__ The competition may be run as a one-day event (ODE), where all three events are completed in one day (dressage, followed by cross country and then stadium) or a three-day event (3DE), which is more commonly now run over four days, with dressage on the first two days followed by cross country the next day and then show jumping in reverse order on the final day.", "Top Gear challenges __knowledge__ \"Top Gear\" challenges are a segment of the \"Top Gear\" television programme where the presenters are tasked by the producers, or each other, to prove or do various things related to vehicles.", "Top Gear challenges __knowledge__ Novelty challenges and short stunt films are typically based on absurd premises, such as jumping a bus over motorcycles (instead of the more typical scenario of a motorcycle jumping over buses), or a nun driving a monster truck.", "Top Gear challenges __knowledge__ These features have become much less prominent over the life of the programme (they were much more regular during the first four series); they have been superseded in later series by the \"\"How hard can it be?\"\"" ] ]

[ 0, 1, 2 ]

[ "I've been training for a marathon my city is holding in a few weeks. I never knew long-distance running could be so tough!", "I'm basically trying to build up my endurance. I've started by running for at least 5 miles a day, increasing as I progress my stamina.", "Training will differ for everyone as we are all different. Physiologically running is really aerobic in nature, so it depends on your personal stamina or mental strength." ]

[ "Long-distance running", "Long-distance running", "Long-distance running" ]

[ "Christianity", "Cool. Is there a particular denomination you belong to?", "Oh. Do you take the teachings of the Bible literally?", "Oh. ", "Indeed. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity is a Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life, teachings, and miracles of Jesus of Nazareth, known by Christians as the Christ, or \"Messiah\", who is the focal point of the Christian faiths.", "Christianity __knowledge__ It is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global population, known as Christians.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christians make up a majority of the population in 158 countries and territories.", "Christianity __knowledge__ They believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah (the Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity has played a prominent role in the shaping of Western civilization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity grew out of Judaism and began as a Second Temple Judaic sect in the mid-1st century.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Originating in the Roman province of Judea, it quickly spread to Europe, Syria, Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Egypt, Ethiopia and the Indian subcontinent, and by the end of the 4th century had become the official state church of the Roman Empire.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Following the Age of Discovery, Christianity spread to the Americas, Oceania, sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world through missionary work and colonization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christian theology is summarized in creeds such as the Apostles' Creed and the Nicene Creed." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity is a Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life, teachings, and miracles of Jesus of Nazareth, known by Christians as the Christ, or \"Messiah\", who is the focal point of the Christian faiths.", "Christianity __knowledge__ It is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global population, known as Christians.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christians make up a majority of the population in 158 countries and territories.", "Christianity __knowledge__ They believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah (the Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity has played a prominent role in the shaping of Western civilization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity grew out of Judaism and began as a Second Temple Judaic sect in the mid-1st century.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Originating in the Roman province of Judea, it quickly spread to Europe, Syria, Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Egypt, Ethiopia and the Indian subcontinent, and by the end of the 4th century had become the official state church of the Roman Empire.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Following the Age of Discovery, Christianity spread to the Americas, Oceania, sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world through missionary work and colonization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christian theology is summarized in creeds such as the Apostles' Creed and the Nicene Creed.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Hinduism is an Indian Dharma, or a way of life, widely practiced in South Asia.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world, and some practitioners and scholars refer to it as \"\", \"the eternal tradition,\" or the \"eternal way,\" beyond human history.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Scholars regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no founder.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ This \"Hindu synthesis\" started to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE, following the Vedic period (1500 BCE to 500 BCE).", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Although Hinduism contains a broad range of philosophies, it is linked by shared concepts, recognisable rituals, cosmology, shared textual resources, and pilgrimage to sacred sites.", "Separation of church and state in the United States __knowledge__ \"Separation of church and state\" is paraphrased from Thomas Jefferson and used by others in expressing an understanding of the intent and function of the Establishment Clause and Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States which reads: \"\"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof...\"\" The phrase \"separation between church & state\" is generally traced to a by Thomas Jefferson, addressed to the Danbury Baptist Association in Connecticut, and published in a Massachusetts newspaper.", "Separation of church and state in the United States __knowledge__ Jefferson wrote, Jefferson was echoing the language of the founder of the first Baptist church in America, Roger Williams who had written in 1644, Jefferson's metaphor of a wall of separation has been cited repeatedly by the U.S. Supreme Court.", "Religious test __knowledge__ The Test Act of 1673 in England obligated all persons filling any office, civil or military, to take oaths of supremacy and allegiance, to subscribe to a declaration against transubstantiation, and to receive the sacrament within three months of taking office.", "Religious test __knowledge__ The oath for the Test Act of 1673 was: In 1678 the act was extended thus: Following is a sequential list of Religious Tests, along with clauses from State constitutions about them in the United States during the founding period: 1.", "Religious test __knowledge__ From the CONSTITUTION of NEW JERSEY, 1776: \"that there shall be no establishment of any one religious sect in this province, in preference to another; and that no Protestant inhabitant of this colony shall be denied the enjoyment of any civil right, merely on account of his religious principles; but that all persons, professing a belief in the faith of any Protestant sect, who shall demean themselves peaceably under the government, as hereby established, shall be capable of being elected into office of profit or trust, or being a member of either branch of the legislature...\" In 1844, new constitution changes language to read: \"there shall be no establishment of one religious sect in preference to another; no religious test shall be required as a qualification for any office or public trust; and no person shall be denied the enjoyment of any civil right merely on account of his religious principles\" 2.", "Unitarian Universalism __knowledge__ Unitarian Universalism (UU) is a liberal religion characterized by a \"free and responsible search for truth and meaning\".", "Unitarian Universalism __knowledge__ Unitarian Universalists assert no creed, instead they are unified by their shared search for spiritual growth.", "Unitarian Universalism __knowledge__ As such, their congregations include many atheists, agnostics, and theists within their membership.", "Unitarian Universalism __knowledge__ The roots of Unitarian Universalism lie in liberal Christianity, specifically Unitarianism and Universalism.", "Unitarian Universalism __knowledge__ Unitarian Universalists state that from these traditions comes a deep regard for intellectual freedom and inclusive love.", "Unitarian Universalism __knowledge__ Congregations and members seek inspiration and derive insight from all major world religions.", "The Women's College, University of Sydney __knowledge__ The Women's College is a residential college within the University of Sydney, in the suburb of Camperdown, New South Wales.", "The Women's College, University of Sydney __knowledge__ It was opened in 1892.", "The Women's College, University of Sydney __knowledge__ The Women's College is one of two all-female residential colleges at the University of Sydney.", "The Women's College, University of Sydney __knowledge__ It accommodates approximately 280 students accepting both under- and post-graduate students.", "The Women's College, University of Sydney __knowledge__ The Principal, Vice-Principal and Dean of Students live on the premises.", "The Women's College, University of Sydney __knowledge__ In 1889 a college for women within the University of Sydney was established and endowed by an Act of the NSW Parliament.", "The Women's College, University of Sydney __knowledge__ This was the culmination of a process that began in 1887 when, six years after the formal admission of women to the University of Sydney \"in complete equality with men\", a public meeting was held to discuss the desirability of establishing a residential college for women.", "Purga United Church __knowledge__ Purga United Church is a heritage-listed church at Boonah Road, Purga, City of Ipswich, Queensland, Australia.", "Purga United Church __knowledge__ It was built in 1922.", "Purga United Church __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 6 September 2005.", "Purga United Church __knowledge__ The Purga United Church is important in demonstrating the pattern of Queensland's history.", "Purga United Church __knowledge__ The community at Purga developed during the 1860s, opening its first school in 1871.", "Purga United Church __knowledge__ The church was built as a non-denominational church in late 1922.", "Purga United Church __knowledge__ Union churches were more typical in earlier Queensland rural communities.", "Purga United Church __knowledge__ They were built as a means of dealing with the challenges of a small population of mixed religion and a shortage of clergy.", "Football in Argentina __knowledge__ Association football is Argentina's most popular sport, the one with the most players (2,658,811 total, 331,811 of which are registered and 2,327,000 unregistered; with 3,377 clubs and 37,161 officials, all according to FIFA) and is the most popular recreational sport, played from childhood into old age.", "Football in Argentina __knowledge__ The percentage of Argentines that declare allegiance to an Argentine football club is about 90%.", "Football in Argentina __knowledge__ Football was introduced to Argentina in the later half of the 19th century by the British immigrants in Buenos Aires.", "Football in Argentina __knowledge__ The first Argentine league was contested in 1891, making it the fifth-oldest recognised league of a FIFA member (after England, Scotland, Northern Ireland and the Netherlands).", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Theologians may undertake Christian theology in order: or for a variety of other reasons.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology as a discipline of Christian theology formulates an orderly, rational and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophical evolution.", "Oneness Pentecostalism __knowledge__ Oneness Pentecostalism (also known as Apostolic or Jesus' Name Pentecostalism and often pejoratively referred to as the \"Jesus Only\" movement in its early days) is a category of denominations and believers within Pentecostalism which adhere to the nontrinitarian theological doctrine of Oneness.", "Oneness Pentecostalism __knowledge__ The movement first emerged in America around 1914 as the result of doctrinal disputes within the nascent Pentecostal movement and claims an estimated 24 million adherents today.", "Oneness Pentecostalism __knowledge__ For a list of denominations in this movement, see List of Christian denominations.", "Oneness Pentecostalism __knowledge__ Oneness Pentecostalism derives its distinctive name from its teaching on the Godhead, which is popularly referred to as the \"Oneness doctrine\".", "Christianity and Judaism __knowledge__ Christianity is rooted in Second Temple Judaism, but the two religions diverged in the first centuries of the Christian Era.", "Christianity and Judaism __knowledge__ Christianity emphasizes correct belief (or \"orthodoxy\"), focusing on the New Covenant as mediated through Jesus Christ, as recorded in the New Testament.", "Christianity and Judaism __knowledge__ Judaism places emphasis on right conduct (or \"orthopraxy\"), focusing on the Mosaic Covenant, as recorded in the Torah and Talmud.", "Christianity and Judaism __knowledge__ Christians believe in individual salvation from sin through repentance and receiving Jesus Christ as their God and Savior through Faith in Christianity.", "Christianity and Judaism __knowledge__ Jews believe in individual and collective participation in an eternal dialogue with God through tradition, rituals, prayers and ethical actions.", "God in Christianity __knowledge__ God in Christianity is the eternal being who created and preserves all things.", "God in Christianity __knowledge__ Christians believe God to be both transcendent (wholly independent of, and removed from, the material universe) and immanent (involved in the world).", "God in Christianity __knowledge__ Christian teachings of the immanence and involvement of God and his love for humanity exclude the belief that God is of the same substance as the created universe but accept that God's divine Nature was hypostatically united to human nature in the person of Jesus Christ, in an event known as the Incarnation.", "God in Christianity __knowledge__ Early Christian views of God were expressed in the Pauline Epistles and the early creeds, which proclaimed one God and the divinity of Jesus, almost in the same breath as in 1 Corinthians (): \"For even if there are so-called gods, whether in heaven or on earth (as indeed there are many 'gods' and many 'lords'), yet for us there is but one God, the Father, from whom all things came and for whom we live; and there is but one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom all things came and through whom we live.\"", "Catholic theology __knowledge__ Catholic theology is the understanding of Catholic doctrine or teachings, and results from the studies of theologians.", "Catholic theology __knowledge__ It is based on canonical scripture and sacred tradition, as interpreted authoritatively by the magisterium of the Catholic Church.", "Catholic theology __knowledge__ This article serves as an introduction to various topics in Catholic theology, with links to where fuller coverage is found.", "Catholic theology __knowledge__ Major teachings of the Catholic Church which were discussed in the early councils of the Church are summarized in various creeds, especially the Nicene (Nicene-Constantinopolitan) Creed and the Apostles' Creed.", "Catholic theology __knowledge__ Since the 16th century the church has produced catechisms which summarize its teachings, most recently in 1992.", "Protestantism __knowledge__ Protestantism is the second largest form of Christianity with collectively more than 900 million adherents worldwide or nearly 40% of all Christians.", "Protestantism __knowledge__ It originated with the Reformation, a movement against what its followers considered to be errors in the Roman Catholic Church.", "Protestantism __knowledge__ Ever since, Protestants reject the Roman Catholic doctrine of papal supremacy and sacraments, but disagree among themselves regarding the real presence of Christ in the Eucharist.", "Protestantism __knowledge__ They emphasize the priesthood of all believers, justification by faith alone (') rather than by good works, and the highest authority of the Bible alone (rather than with sacred tradition) in faith and morals (')." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity is a Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life, teachings, and miracles of Jesus of Nazareth, known by Christians as the Christ, or \"Messiah\", who is the focal point of the Christian faiths.", "Christianity __knowledge__ It is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global population, known as Christians.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christians make up a majority of the population in 158 countries and territories.", "Christianity __knowledge__ They believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah (the Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity has played a prominent role in the shaping of Western civilization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity grew out of Judaism and began as a Second Temple Judaic sect in the mid-1st century.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Originating in the Roman province of Judea, it quickly spread to Europe, Syria, Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Egypt, Ethiopia and the Indian subcontinent, and by the end of the 4th century had become the official state church of the Roman Empire.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Following the Age of Discovery, Christianity spread to the Americas, Oceania, sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world through missionary work and colonization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christian theology is summarized in creeds such as the Apostles' Creed and the Nicene Creed.", "Criticism of Protestantism __knowledge__ Criticism of Protestantism covers critiques and questions raised about Protestantism, the movement based on Martin Luther's Reformation principles of 1517.", "Criticism of Protestantism __knowledge__ While critics praise Protestantism's Christ-centered and Bible-centered faith, Protestantism is faced with criticism from different sources and based on different grounds.", "Criticism of Protestantism __knowledge__ Criticisms come mainly from Catholic and Orthodox sources, although Protestant denominations have also engaged in self-critique and criticized one another.", "Criticism of Protestantism __knowledge__ The biblical critique, as per Protestant Bible scholars who became Catholic such as Scott Hahn, asserts that the doctrines of the principal branches of Protestantism, even in their foundational principles, are unbiblical and unfaithful to the practices and beliefs of the Church of the Bible.", "Aimee Semple McPherson __knowledge__ Aimee Semple McPherson (\"Aimée\", in the original French; October 9, 1890 – September 27, 1944), also known as Sister Aimee or simply Sister, was a Canadian-American Pentecostal evangelist and media celebrity in the 1920s and 1930s, famous for founding the Foursquare Church.", "Aimee Semple McPherson __knowledge__ McPherson has been noted as a pioneer in the use of modern media, because she used radio to draw on the growing appeal of popular entertainment in North America and incorporated other forms into her weekly sermons at Angelus Temple, one of the first megachurches.", "Aimee Semple McPherson __knowledge__ In her time she was the most publicized Christian evangelist, surpassing Billy Sunday and her other predecessors.", "Biblical literalism __knowledge__ Biblical literalism or biblicism is a term used differently by different authors concerning biblical interpretation.", "Biblical literalism __knowledge__ It can equate to the dictionary definition of literalism: \"adherence to the exact letter or the literal sense\", where literal means \"in accordance with, involving, or being the primary or strict meaning of the word or words; not figurative or metaphorical\".", "Biblical literalism __knowledge__ Alternatively, the term can refer to the historical-grammatical method, a hermeneutic technique that strives to uncover the meaning of the text by taking into account not just the grammatical words, but also the syntactical aspects, the cultural and historical background, and the literary genre.", "Young Earth creationism __knowledge__ Young Earth creationism (YEC) is a form of creationism, a religious belief, which holds that the universe, Earth, and all life on Earth were created by direct acts of God less than 10,000 years ago.", "Young Earth creationism __knowledge__ Its primary adherents are Christians who subscribe to a literal interpretation of the creation narrative in the Bible's Book of Genesis and believe that God created the Earth in six 24-hour days.", "Young Earth creationism __knowledge__ In contrast to YEC, old Earth creationism is the belief in a metaphorical interpretation of the Book of Genesis and the scientifically-determined estimated ages of the Earth and Universe.", "Young Earth creationism __knowledge__ Since the mid-20th century, young Earth creationists—starting with Henry Morris (1918–2006)—have devised and promoted a pseudoscientific explanation called \"creation science\" as a basis for a religious belief in a supernatural, geologically recent creation.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Religious debates over the \"Harry Potter\" series of books by J. K. Rowling are based on claims that the novels contain occult or Satanic subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ A number of Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox Christians have argued against the series, as have some Shia and Sunni Muslims.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Supporters of the series have said that the magic in \"Harry Potter\" bears little resemblance to occultism, being more in the vein of fairy tales such as \"Cinderella\" and \"Snow White\", or to the works of C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien, both of whom are known for writing fantasy novels with Christian subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Far from promoting a particular religion, some argue, the \"Harry Potter\" novels go out of their way to avoid discussing religion at all.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Theologians may undertake Christian theology in order: or for a variety of other reasons.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology as a discipline of Christian theology formulates an orderly, rational and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophical evolution.", "Kabbalah __knowledge__ Kabbalah (, literally \"parallel/corresponding,\" or \"received tradition\") is an esoteric method, discipline, and school of thought that originated in Judaism.", "Kabbalah __knowledge__ A traditional Kabbalist in Judaism is called a \"Mekubbal\" ().", "Kabbalah __knowledge__ Kabbalah's definition varies according to the tradition and aims of those following it, from its religious origin as an integral part of Judaism, to its later Christian, New Age, and Occultist/western esoteric syncretic adaptations.", "Kabbalah __knowledge__ Kabbalah is a set of esoteric teachings meant to explain the relationship between an unchanging, eternal, and mysterious Ein Sof (infinity) and the mortal and finite universe (God's creation).", "New Testament __knowledge__ The New Testament (, \"Hē Kainḕ Diathḗkē\"; ) is the second part of the Christian biblical canon, the first part being the Old Testament, based on the Hebrew Bible.", "New Testament __knowledge__ The New Testament discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christianity.", "New Testament __knowledge__ Christians regard both the Old and New Testaments together as sacred scripture.", "New Testament __knowledge__ The New Testament (in whole or in part) has frequently accompanied the spread of Christianity around the world.", "New Testament __knowledge__ It reflects and serves as a source for Christian theology and morality.", "New Testament __knowledge__ Extended readings and phrases directly from the New Testament are incorporated (along with readings from the Old Testament) into the various Christian liturgies.", "King James Version __knowledge__ The King James Version (KJV), also known as the King James Bible (KJB) or simply the Version (AV), is an English translation of the Christian Bible for the Church of England, begun in 1604 and completed in 1611.", "King James Version __knowledge__ The books of the King James Version include the 39 books of the Old Testament, an intertestamental section containing 14 books of the Apocrypha (most of which correspond to books in the Vulgate Deuterocanon adhered to by Roman Catholics), and the 27 books of the New Testament.", "King James Version __knowledge__ It was first printed by the King's Printer Robert Barker and was the third translation into English approved by the English Church authorities.", "Bible __knowledge__ The Bible (from Koine Greek τὰ βιβλία, \"tà biblía\", \"the books\") is a collection of sacred texts or scriptures that Jews and Christians consider to be a product of divine inspiration and a record of the relationship between God and humans.", "Bible __knowledge__ Many different authors contributed to the Bible.", "Bible __knowledge__ What is regarded as canonical text differs depending on traditions and groups; a number of Bible canons have evolved, with overlapping and diverging contents.", "Bible __knowledge__ The Christian Old Testament overlaps with the Hebrew Bible and the Greek Septuagint; the Hebrew Bible is known in Judaism as the Tanakh.", "Bible __knowledge__ The New Testament is a collection of writings by early Christians, believed to be mostly Jewish disciples of Christ, written in first-century Koine Greek.", "Biblical inerrancy __knowledge__ Biblical inerrancy, as formulated in the \"Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy\", is the doctrine that the Protestant Bible \"is without error or fault in all its teaching\"; or, at least, that \"Scripture in the original manuscripts does not affirm anything that is contrary to fact\".", "Biblical inerrancy __knowledge__ A formal statement in favor of biblical inerrancy was published in the \"Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society\" in 1978.", "Biblical inerrancy __knowledge__ The signatories to the \"Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy\" admit that \"inspiration, strictly speaking, applies only to the autographic text of Scripture\".", "Biblical inerrancy __knowledge__ However, even though there may be no extant original manuscripts of the Bible, those which exist can be considered inerrant, because, as the statement reads: \"the autographic text of Scripture, ... in the providence of God can be ascertained from available manuscripts with great accuracy\".", "Vulgate __knowledge__ The Vulgate () is a late-4th-century Latin translation of the Bible that became the Catholic Church's officially promulgated Latin version of the Bible during the 16th century.", "Vulgate __knowledge__ The translation was largely the work of St Jerome, who in 382 had been commissioned by Pope Damasus I to revise the (\"Old Latin\") Gospels then in use by the Roman Church.", "Vulgate __knowledge__ Jerome, on his own initiative, extended this work of revision and translation to include most of the Books of the Bible, and once published, the new version was widely adopted and eventually eclipsed the ; so that by the 13th century, it took over from the former version the appellation of \"\"  (the \"version commonly used\") or for short, and in Greek as (\"Voulgata\").", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore) __knowledge__ The Bible-Presbyterian Church (\"BPC\") was a conservative reformed denomination in Singapore.", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore) __knowledge__ It existed from 1955 to 1988.", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore) __knowledge__ Since that time, Bible-Presbyterian (\"B-P\") churches have continued to exist separately.", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore) __knowledge__ The movement grew out of the Bible Presbyterian Church in the United States.", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore) __knowledge__ , there were 20,000 members in 32 B-P churches.", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore) __knowledge__ Roland Chia suggests that the BPC was noted for a belief in literal six-day creation and a preference for the King James Version (\"KJV\").", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore) __knowledge__ The BPC was founded in 1955 by Timothy Tow.", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore) __knowledge__ Tow had been influenced first by John Sung, and later by Carl McIntire.", "Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore) __knowledge__ He was strongly opposed to liberal theology and ecumenism, and the Chinese Presbyterian Synod was connected to the World Council of Churches." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity is a Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life, teachings, and miracles of Jesus of Nazareth, known by Christians as the Christ, or \"Messiah\", who is the focal point of the Christian faiths.", "Christianity __knowledge__ It is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global population, known as Christians.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christians make up a majority of the population in 158 countries and territories.", "Christianity __knowledge__ They believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah (the Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity has played a prominent role in the shaping of Western civilization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity grew out of Judaism and began as a Second Temple Judaic sect in the mid-1st century.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Originating in the Roman province of Judea, it quickly spread to Europe, Syria, Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Egypt, Ethiopia and the Indian subcontinent, and by the end of the 4th century had become the official state church of the Roman Empire.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Following the Age of Discovery, Christianity spread to the Americas, Oceania, sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world through missionary work and colonization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christian theology is summarized in creeds such as the Apostles' Creed and the Nicene Creed.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on its Model 206A JetRanger helicopter.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 was in continuous U.S. Army service from 1969 to 2017, when it was retired and replaced in this role by the Boeing AH-64 Apache.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The latest model, the \"OH-58D Kiowa Warrior\", is primarily operated in an armed reconnaissance role in support of ground troops.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 has been exported to Austria, Canada, Croatia, the Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Greece.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It consists of an oxygen and hydrogen atom held together by a covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It is an important but usually minor constituent of water.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It functions as a base, a ligand, a nucleophile and a catalyst.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ The hydroxide ion forms salts, some of which dissociate in aqueous solution, liberating solvated hydroxide ions.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Sodium hydroxide is a multi-million-ton per annum commodity chemical.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ A hydroxide attached to a strongly electropositive center may itself ionize, liberating a hydrogen cation (H), making the parent compound an acid.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ There is also a four-episode OVA sequel.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ \"Anime Midstream\", Inc. announced in December, 2008, that it acquired the license for and planned to release the anime series Matchless Raijin-Oh in the U.S. sometime in 2009 as their first anime release.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The company began selling the first volume of the series direct from their website, as well as several other online retailers as of late December, 2009.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The first volume contained episodes 1-5.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The second volume, containing episodes 6-10, was released in September 2010, and translated the title beginning with this volume (and current printings of the first volume are now also marketed under that title).", "David Oh __knowledge__ David H. Oh is a member of the City Council of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh was elected in November 2011 and re-elected in November 2015, and was the first Asian-American elected to public office in Philadelphia.", "David Oh __knowledge__ He is the only U.S. military veteran currently serving on the city council.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh was born in Philadelphia.", "David Oh __knowledge__ He has lived on the same block in Southwest Philadelphia since 1963.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh's father, the late Rev.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Ki Hang Oh, founded Philadelphia’s first Korean-American church in 1953 and served as its Pastor until his death in 2006.", "David Oh __knowledge__ In 1958, Oh’s cousin, In Ho Oh, a graduate student at the University of Pennsylvania, was murdered by a group of teenage boys while mailing a letter to his parents.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Two anime adaptations were produced; one by Toei Animation, which aired from April 4, 1998 to October 10, 1998, and another produced by NAS and animated by Studio Gallop titled \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Duel Monsters\", which aired between April 2000 and September 2004.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ The manga series has spawned a franchise that includes multiple spin-off manga and anime series, a trading card game, and numerous video games.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Most of the incarnations of the franchise involve the fictional trading card game known as \"Duel Monsters\", where each player uses cards to \"duel\" each other in a mock battle of fantasy \"monsters\".", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ This forms the basis for the real life \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh Eun-sun (Korean: 오은선, Hanja: 吳銀善, born March 5, 1966) is a South Korean female mountaineer.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ She is the first Korean woman to climb the Seven Summits.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ On April 27, 2010, she reached the Annapurna summit.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh claimed she had climbed all fourteen eight-thousanders, which would have made her the first woman to achieve this feat, but her claim to have ascended Kangchenjunga was disputed by multiple experts.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh Eun-sun later admitted that she had to stop a few hundred meters before the Kangchenjunga summit — therefore the Korean Alpine Federation ruled that Oh did not climb that peak, and the mountaineering site ExplorersWeb considered that Edurne Pasaban is the first woman to have successfully climbed all fourteen peaks.", "Sadaharu Oh __knowledge__ Sadaharu Oh (Japanese: , \"Ō Sadaharu\"; born May 20, 1940), also known as Wang Chen-chih (), is a retired Japanese–Chinese baseball player and manager who played 22 seasons for the Yomiuri Giants in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) from 1959 to 1980.", "Sadaharu Oh __knowledge__ Oh holds the world lifetime home run record, having hit 868 home runs during his professional career.", "Sadaharu Oh __knowledge__ He established many NPB batting records, including runs batted in (RBIs) (2,170), slugging percentage (.634), bases on balls (2,390), and on-base plus slugging (OPS) (1.080).", "Sadaharu Oh __knowledge__ In 1977, Sadaharu Oh became the first recipient of the People's Honour Award.", "Biblical inerrancy __knowledge__ Biblical inerrancy, as formulated in the \"Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy\", is the doctrine that the Protestant Bible \"is without error or fault in all its teaching\"; or, at least, that \"Scripture in the original manuscripts does not affirm anything that is contrary to fact\".", "Biblical inerrancy __knowledge__ A formal statement in favor of biblical inerrancy was published in the \"Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society\" in 1978.", "Biblical inerrancy __knowledge__ The signatories to the \"Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy\" admit that \"inspiration, strictly speaking, applies only to the autographic text of Scripture\".", "Biblical inerrancy __knowledge__ However, even though there may be no extant original manuscripts of the Bible, those which exist can be considered inerrant, because, as the statement reads: \"the autographic text of Scripture, ... in the providence of God can be ascertained from available manuscripts with great accuracy\".", "New Testament __knowledge__ The New Testament (, \"Hē Kainḕ Diathḗkē\"; ) is the second part of the Christian biblical canon, the first part being the Old Testament, based on the Hebrew Bible.", "New Testament __knowledge__ The New Testament discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christianity.", "New Testament __knowledge__ Christians regard both the Old and New Testaments together as sacred scripture.", "New Testament __knowledge__ The New Testament (in whole or in part) has frequently accompanied the spread of Christianity around the world.", "New Testament __knowledge__ It reflects and serves as a source for Christian theology and morality.", "New Testament __knowledge__ Extended readings and phrases directly from the New Testament are incorporated (along with readings from the Old Testament) into the various Christian liturgies.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Theologians may undertake Christian theology in order: or for a variety of other reasons.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology as a discipline of Christian theology formulates an orderly, rational and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophical evolution.", "Criticism of Christianity __knowledge__ Criticism of Christianity has a long history stretching back to the initial formation of the religion during the Roman Empire.", "Criticism of Christianity __knowledge__ Critics have attacked Christian beliefs and teachings as well as Christian actions, from the Crusades to modern terrorism.", "Criticism of Christianity __knowledge__ The intellectual arguments against Christianity include the suppositions that it is a faith of violence, corruption, superstition, polytheism, and bigotry.", "Criticism of Christianity __knowledge__ In the early years of Christianity, the Neoplatonic philosopher Porphyry emerged as one of the major critics with his book \"Against the Christians\".", "Criticism of Christianity __knowledge__ Porphyry argued that Christianity was based on false prophecies that had not yet materialized.", "Christian fundamentalism __knowledge__ Christian fundamentalism began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries among British and American Protestants as a reaction to theological liberalism and cultural modernism.", "Christian fundamentalism __knowledge__ Fundamentalists argued that 19th-century modernist theologians had misinterpreted or rejected certain doctrines, especially biblical inerrancy, that they viewed as the fundamentals of the Christian faith.", "Christian fundamentalism __knowledge__ Fundamentalists are almost always described as having a literal interpretation of the Bible.", "Christian fundamentalism __knowledge__ A few scholars regard Catholics who reject modern theology in favor of more traditional doctrines as fundamentalists.", "Christian fundamentalism __knowledge__ Scholars debate how much the terms \"evangelical\" and \"fundamentalist\" are synonymous.", "Internal consistency of the Bible __knowledge__ The question of the internal consistency of the Bible concerns the coherence and textual integrity of the biblical scriptures.", "Internal consistency of the Bible __knowledge__ Disputes regarding biblical consistency have a long history.", "Internal consistency of the Bible __knowledge__ Classic texts that discuss questions of inconsistency, from a critical secular perspective, include \"The Age of Reason\" by Thomas Paine, the \"Tractatus Theologico-Politicus\" by Baruch Spinoza, the \"Encyclopédie\" of Denis Diderot, and the \"Dictionnaire philosophique\" of Voltaire.", "Internal consistency of the Bible __knowledge__ For many believers, the internal consistency of the Jewish and Christian scriptures is important because they feel that any inconsistencies or contradictions could challenge belief in truth of their contents and the view that they are of divine origin.", "Biblical infallibility __knowledge__ Biblical infallibility is the belief that what the Bible says regarding matters of faith and Christian practice is wholly useful and true.", "Biblical infallibility __knowledge__ It is the \"belief that the Bible is completely trustworthy as a guide to salvation and the life of faith and will not fail to accomplish its purpose.", "Biblical infallibility __knowledge__ Some equate 'inerrancy' and 'infallibility'; others do not.\"", "Biblical infallibility __knowledge__ From dictionary definitions, Frame (2002) insists that \"infallibility\" is a stronger term than \"inerrancy\".", "Biblical infallibility __knowledge__ Inerrant' means there are no errors; 'infallible' means there \"can be\" no errors.\"", "Biblical infallibility __knowledge__ Yet he agrees that \"modern theologians insist on redefining that word also, so that it actually says less than 'inerrancy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity is a Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life, teachings, and miracles of Jesus of Nazareth, known by Christians as the Christ, or \"Messiah\", who is the focal point of the Christian faiths.", "Christianity __knowledge__ It is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global population, known as Christians.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christians make up a majority of the population in 158 countries and territories.", "Christianity __knowledge__ They believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah (the Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity has played a prominent role in the shaping of Western civilization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity grew out of Judaism and began as a Second Temple Judaic sect in the mid-1st century.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Originating in the Roman province of Judea, it quickly spread to Europe, Syria, Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Egypt, Ethiopia and the Indian subcontinent, and by the end of the 4th century had become the official state church of the Roman Empire.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Following the Age of Discovery, Christianity spread to the Americas, Oceania, sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world through missionary work and colonization.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christian theology is summarized in creeds such as the Apostles' Creed and the Nicene Creed.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Specimens of Middle Cornish texts are given here in Cornish and English.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Both texts have been dated within the period 1370-1410 and the \"Charter Fragment\" is given in two Cornish orthographies.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ (Earlier examples of written Cornish exist but these are the first in continuous prose or verse.)", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ It was not until the reign of Athelstan that the Cornish kings became subject to the rulers of Wessex: even so the border was established irrevocably on the east bank on the Tamar and in ecclesiastical matters Cornwall was added to the territory of the Bishops of Sherborne.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Under Canute it ceased to be subject to the King of England and only later, at an unknown date in Edward the Confessor's reign was annexed again.", "Scale relativity __knowledge__ Scale relativity is a geometrical and fractal space-time theory.", "Scale relativity __knowledge__ The idea of a fractal space-time theory was first introduced by Garnet Ord, and by Laurent Nottale in a paper with Jean Schneider.", "Scale relativity __knowledge__ The proposal to combine fractal space-time theory with relativity principles was made by Nottale.", "Scale relativity __knowledge__ The resulting scale relativity theory is an extension of the concept of relativity found in special relativity and general relativity to physical scales (time, length, energy, or momentum scales).", "Scale relativity __knowledge__ In physics, relativity theories have shown that position, orientation, movement and acceleration cannot be defined in an absolute way, but only relative to a system of reference.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ The \"Treatise\" is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ In the introduction Hume presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human nature.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ Impressed by Isaac Newton's achievements in the physical sciences, Hume sought to introduce the same experimental method of reasoning into the study of human psychology, with the aim of discovering the \"extent and force of human understanding\".", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The Nicomachean Ethics (; Greek: Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια) is the name normally given to Aristotle's best-known work on ethics.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The work, which plays a pre-eminent role in defining Aristotelian ethics, consists of ten books, originally separate scrolls, and is understood to be based on notes from his lectures at the Lyceum.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The title is often assumed to refer to his son Nicomachus, to whom the work was dedicated or who may have edited it (although his young age makes this less likely).", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ Alternatively, the work may have been dedicated to his father, who was also called Nicomachus.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, of how men should best live.", "Peace journalism __knowledge__ Peace journalism has been developed from research that indicates that often news about conflict has a value bias toward violence.", "Peace journalism __knowledge__ It also includes practical methods for correcting this bias by producing journalism in both the mainstream and alternative media, and working with journalists, media professionals, audiences, and organizations in conflict.", "Peace journalism __knowledge__ This concept was proposed by Johan Galtung Other terms for this broad definition of peace journalism include conflict solution journalism, conflict sensitive journalism, constructive conflict coverage, and reporting the world.", "Peace journalism __knowledge__ War journalism is journalism about conflict that has a value bias towards violence and violent groups.", "Macro and security __knowledge__ A macro in computer science is a rule or pattern that specifies how a certain input sequence (often a sequence of characters) should be mapped to a replacement input sequence (also often a sequence of characters) according to a defined procedure.", "Macro and security __knowledge__ A macro is used to define variables or procedures, to allow code reuse, or to design domain-specific languages.", "Macro and security __knowledge__ Macros can be separated into several types: Macros can be very useful to software users.", "Macro and security __knowledge__ They simplify regularly used actions (repetitive code for a programmer, or a sequence of actions in a program) so that the productivity of the user is increased.", "Alkali metal __knowledge__ The alkali metals are a group (column) in the periodic table consisting of the chemical elements lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs), and francium (Fr).", "Alkali metal __knowledge__ This group lies in the s-block of the periodic table of elements as all alkali metals have their outermost electron in an s-orbital: this shared electron configuration results in their having very similar characteristic properties.", "Alkali metal __knowledge__ Indeed, the alkali metals provide the best example of group trends in properties in the periodic table, with elements exhibiting well-characterised homologous behaviour.", "Alkali metal __knowledge__ The alkali metals are all shiny, soft, highly reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure and readily lose their outermost electron to form cations with charge +1.", "Germanic peoples __knowledge__ The Germanic peoples (also called Teutonic, Suebian, or Gothic in older literature) are an Indo-European ethno-linguistic group of Northern European origin.", "Germanic peoples __knowledge__ They are identified by their use of Germanic languages, which diversified out of Proto-Germanic during the Pre-Roman Iron Age.", "Germanic peoples __knowledge__ The term \"Germanic\" originated in classical times when groups of tribes living in Lower, Upper, and Greater Germania were referred to using this label by Roman scribes.", "Germanic peoples __knowledge__ The Roman use of the term \"Germanic\" was not necessarily based upon language, but referred to the tribal groups and alliances that lived in the regions of modern-day Luxembourg, Belgium, Northern France, Alsace, Poland, Austria, the Netherlands and Germany, and which were considered less civilized and more physically hardened than the Celtic Gauls.", "History of Austria __knowledge__ The history of Austria covers the history of Austria and its predecessor states, from the early Stone Age to the present state.", "History of Austria __knowledge__ The name \"Ostarrîchi\" (Austria) has been in use since 996 AD when it was a margravate of the Duchy of Bavaria and from 1156 an independent duchy (later archduchy) of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (\"Heiliges Römisches Reich\" 962–1806).", "History of Austria __knowledge__ Austria was dominated by the House of Habsburg (\"Haus Österreich\") from 1273 to 1806, when the Holy Roman Empire came to an end.", "History of Austria __knowledge__ Austria then became the Austrian Empire, a part of the German Confederation until the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, which Austria lost and was subsequently excluded from German affairs.", "History of the Roman Empire __knowledge__ The history of the Roman Empire covers the history of Ancient Rome from the fall of the Roman Republic in 27 BC until the abdication of the last Western emperor in 476 AD.", "History of the Roman Empire __knowledge__ Rome had begun expanding shortly after the founding of the Republic in the 6th century BC, though it did not expand outside of the Italian Peninsula until the 3rd century BC.", "History of the Roman Empire __knowledge__ Civil war engulfed the Roman state in the mid 1st century BC, first between Julius Caesar and Pompey, and finally between Octavian and Mark Antony.", "History of the Roman Empire __knowledge__ Antony was defeated at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC.", "History of the Roman Empire __knowledge__ In 27 BC the Senate and People of Rome made Octavian \"imperator\" (\"commander\") thus beginning the Principate, the first epoch of Roman imperial history usually dated from 27 BC to 284 AD; they later awarded him the name Augustus, \"the venerated\".", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ The Roman Empire (; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr. )", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia.", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ The city of Rome was the largest city in the world BC , with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around AD 500, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time).", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ The 500-year-old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC.", "Classical Anatolia __knowledge__ Anatolia, also known by the Latin name of \"Asia Minor\", is considered to be the westernmost extent of Asia.", "Classical Anatolia __knowledge__ Geographically it encompasses the central uplands of modern Turkey, from the coastal plain of the Aegean Sea east to the mountains on the Armenian border and from the narrow coast of the Black Sea south to the Taurus mountains and Mediterranean coast.", "Classical Anatolia __knowledge__ The earliest representations of culture in Anatolia were Stone Age artifacts.", "Classical Anatolia __knowledge__ The remnants of Bronze Age civilizations such as the Hattian, Akkadian, Assyrian, and Hittite peoples provide us with many examples of the daily lives of its citizens and their trade.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ The role of Christianity in civilization has been intricately intertwined with the history and formation of Western society.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ Throughout its long history, the Christian Church has been a major source of social services like schooling and medical care; inspiration for art, culture and philosophy; and influential player in politics and religion.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ In various ways it has sought to affect Western attitudes to vice and virtue in diverse fields.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ It has, over many centuries, promulgated the teachings of Jesus within the Western world as well as throughout other nations.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ Festivals like Easter and Christmas are marked as public holidays; the Gregorian Calendar has been adopted internationally as the civil calendar; and the calendar itself is measured from the date of Jesus's birth.", "Historiography of the fall of the Western Roman Empire __knowledge__ The causes and mechanisms of the Fall of the Western Roman Empire are a historical theme that was introduced by historian Edward Gibbon in his 1776 book \"The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire\".", "Historiography of the fall of the Western Roman Empire __knowledge__ He started an ongoing historiographical discussion about what caused the Fall of the Western Roman Empire, and the reduced power of the remaining Eastern Empire, in the 4th–5th centuries.", "Historiography of the fall of the Western Roman Empire __knowledge__ Gibbon was not the first to speculate on why the Empire collapsed, but he was the first to give a well-researched and well-referenced account.", "Historiography of the fall of the Western Roman Empire __knowledge__ Many theories of causality have been explored.", "Historiography of the fall of the Western Roman Empire __knowledge__ In 1984, Alexander Demandt enumerated 210 different theories on why Rome fell, and new theories emerged thereafter." ] ]

[ 1, 46, 52, 65, 62 ]

[ "I have always had a strong belief in Christianity: I believe in one true God and a theology based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.", "No, i believe in the words in the Bible; the texts of the old and new testament to guide my life.", "Yes, i believe in Biblical inerrancy, the doctrine that says the Christian Bible is without error or fault in all of its teachings.", "There has been a long history of people who don't belive as i do, stretching all the way back to the Roman Empire. There were doubters then too.", "Like it or not, Christianity has played a role in the history and formation of western society. You can't escape it, even on the internet." ]

[ "Christianity", "Christianity", "Christianity", "Christianity", "Christianity" ]

[ "Hybrid vehicle", "I see. Who invented this ", "That is good. Was this product commercially available ", "What happened with him. was he an inventor too? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ A hybrid vehicle uses two or more distinct types of power, such as internal combustion engine to drive an electric generator that powers an electric motor, e.g.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ in diesel-electric trains using diesel engines to drive an electric generator that powers an electric motor, and submarines that use diesels when surfaced and batteries when submerged.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ Other means to store energy include pressurized fluid in hydraulic hybrids.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ Power sources for hybrid vehicles include: Mopeds, electric bicycles, and even electric kick scooters are a simple form of a hybrid, powered by an internal combustion engine or electric motor and the rider's muscles.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ Early prototype motorcycles in the late 19th century used the same principle.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ The first published prototype of an SHB is by Augustus Kinzel (US Patent 3'884'317) in 1975.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ In 1994 Bernie Macdonalds conceived the Electrilite SHB with power electronics allowing regenerative braking and pedaling while stationary.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ In 1995 Thomas Muller designed and built a \"Fahrrad mit elektromagnetischem Antrieb\" for his 1995 diploma thesis.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ In 1996 Jürg Blatter and Andreas Fuchs of Berne University of Applied Sciences built an SHB and in 1998 modified a Leitra tricycle (European patent EP 1165188)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ A hybrid vehicle uses two or more distinct types of power, such as internal combustion engine to drive an electric generator that powers an electric motor, e.g.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ in diesel-electric trains using diesel engines to drive an electric generator that powers an electric motor, and submarines that use diesels when surfaced and batteries when submerged.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ Other means to store energy include pressurized fluid in hydraulic hybrids.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ Power sources for hybrid vehicles include: Mopeds, electric bicycles, and even electric kick scooters are a simple form of a hybrid, powered by an internal combustion engine or electric motor and the rider's muscles.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ Early prototype motorcycles in the late 19th century used the same principle.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ The first published prototype of an SHB is by Augustus Kinzel (US Patent 3'884'317) in 1975.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ In 1994 Bernie Macdonalds conceived the Electrilite SHB with power electronics allowing regenerative braking and pedaling while stationary.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ In 1995 Thomas Muller designed and built a \"Fahrrad mit elektromagnetischem Antrieb\" for his 1995 diploma thesis.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ In 1996 Jürg Blatter and Andreas Fuchs of Berne University of Applied Sciences built an SHB and in 1998 modified a Leitra tricycle (European patent EP 1165188).", "Timeline of United States inventions (1946–91) __knowledge__ A timeline of United States inventions (1946–1991) encompasses the ingenuity and innovative advancements of the United States within a historical context, dating from the era of the Cold War, which have been achieved by inventors who are either native-born or naturalized citizens of the United States.", "Timeline of United States inventions (1946–91) __knowledge__ Copyright protection secures a person's right to his or her first-to-invent claim of the \"original\" invention in question, highlighted in Article I, Section 8, Clause 8 of the United States Constitution which gives the following enumerated power to the United States Congress: In 1641, the first patent in North America was issued to Samuel Winslow by the General Court of Massachusetts for a new method of making salt.", "Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) __knowledge__ A timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) encompasses the ingenuity and innovative advancements of the United States within a historical context, dating from the Progressive Era to the end of World War II, which have been achieved by inventors who are either native-born or naturalized citizens of the United States.", "Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) __knowledge__ Copyright protection secures a person's right to his or her first-to-invent claim of the \"original\" invention in question, highlighted in Article I, Section 8, Clause 8 of the United States Constitution which gives the following enumerated power to the United States Congress: In 1641, the first patent in North America was issued to Samuel Winslow by the General Court of Massachusetts for a new method of making salt.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "Radio receiver __knowledge__ In radio communications, a radio receiver (radio) is an electronic device that receives radio waves and converts the information carried by them to a usable form.", "Radio receiver __knowledge__ It is used with an antenna.", "Radio receiver __knowledge__ The antenna intercepts radio waves (electromagnetic waves) and converts them to tiny alternating currents which are applied to the receiver, and the receiver extracts the desired information.", "Radio receiver __knowledge__ The receiver uses electronic filters to separate the desired radio frequency signal from all the other signals picked up by the antenna, an electronic amplifier to increase the power of the signal for further processing, and finally recovers the desired information through demodulation.", "Invention in Canada __knowledge__ This article outlines the history of Canadian technological invention.", "Invention in Canada __knowledge__ Technologies chosen for treatment here include, in rough order, transportation, communication, energy, materials, industry, public works, public services (health care), domestic/consumer and defence technologies.", "Invention in Canada __knowledge__ The terms chosen for the \"age\" described below are both literal and metaphorical.", "Invention in Canada __knowledge__ They describe the technology that dominated the period of time in question but are also representative of a large number of other technologies introduced during the same period.", "Invention in Canada __knowledge__ Also of note is the fact that the period of invention of a technology can begin modestly and can extend well beyond the \"age\" of its introduction.", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ This is the history of science and technology in Japan.", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ The soroban is an abacus calculator developed in medieval Japan.", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ It is derived from the ancient Chinese suanpan, imported to Japan in the 14th century.", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ Karakuri puppets are traditional Japanese mechanized puppets or automata, originally made from the 17th century to the 19th century.", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ The word \"karakuri\" means \"mechanisms\" or \"trick\".", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ The dolls' gestures provided a form of entertainment.", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ Three main types of karakuri exist.", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ were used in theatre.", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ were small and used in homes.", "History of science and technology in Japan __knowledge__ were used in religious festivals, where the puppets were used to perform reenactments of traditional myths and legends.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a type of hybrid vehicle that combines a conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) system with an electric propulsion system (hybrid vehicle drivetrain).", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The presence of the electric powertrain is intended to achieve either better fuel economy than a conventional vehicle or better performance.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ There is a variety of HEV types, and the degree to which each functions as an electric vehicle (EV) also varies.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The most common form of HEV is the hybrid electric car, although hybrid electric trucks (pickups and tractors) and buses also exist.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ Modern HEVs make use of efficiency-improving technologies such as regenerative brakes which convert the vehicle's kinetic energy to electric energy to charge the battery.", "Electric motorcycles and scooters __knowledge__ Electric motorcycles and scooters are plug-in electric vehicles with two or three wheels powered by electricity.", "Electric motorcycles and scooters __knowledge__ The electricity is stored on board in a rechargeable battery, which drives one or more electric motors.", "Electric motorcycles and scooters __knowledge__ Electric scooters (as distinct from motorcycles) have a step-through frame.", "Electric motorcycles and scooters __knowledge__ The early history of electric motorcycles is somewhat unclear.", "Electric motorcycles and scooters __knowledge__ On 19 September 1895, a patent application for an \"electrical bicycle\" was filed by Ogden Bolton Jr. of Canton Ohio.", "Electric motorcycles and scooters __knowledge__ On 8 November of the same year, another patent application for an \"electric bicycle\" was filed by Hosea W. Libbey of Boston.", "Electric motorcycles and scooters __knowledge__ At the Stanley Cycle Show in 1896 in London, England, bicycle manufacturer Humber exhibited an electric tandem bicycle.", "Wankel engine __knowledge__ The Wankel engine is a type of internal combustion engine using an eccentric rotary design to convert pressure into rotating motion.", "Wankel engine __knowledge__ In contrast to the more common reciprocating piston designs, the Wankel engine delivers advantages of simplicity, smoothness, compactness, high revolutions per minute, and a high power-to-weight ratio primarily because three power pulses per rotor revolution are produced compared to one per revolution in a two-stroke piston engine and one per two revolutions in a four-stroke piston engine, although at the actual output shaft, there is only one power pulse per revolution.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were British.", "Motorcycle engine __knowledge__ A motorcycle engine is an engine that powers a motorcycle.", "Motorcycle engine __knowledge__ Motorcycle engines are typically two-stroke or four-stroke internal combustion engines, but other engine types, such as Wankels and electric motors, have been used in small numbers.", "Motorcycle engine __knowledge__ Although some mopeds, such as the VéloSoleX, had friction drive to the front tire, a motorcycle engine normlally drives the rear wheel, power being sent to the driven wheel by belt, chain or shaft.", "Motorcycle engine __knowledge__ Most engines have a gearbox with up to six ratios.", "Motorcycle engine __knowledge__ Reverse gear is occasionally found on heavy tourers, for example the Honda GL1600, and sidecar motorcycles, such as the Ural." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ A hybrid vehicle uses two or more distinct types of power, such as internal combustion engine to drive an electric generator that powers an electric motor, e.g.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ in diesel-electric trains using diesel engines to drive an electric generator that powers an electric motor, and submarines that use diesels when surfaced and batteries when submerged.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ Other means to store energy include pressurized fluid in hydraulic hybrids.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ Power sources for hybrid vehicles include: Mopeds, electric bicycles, and even electric kick scooters are a simple form of a hybrid, powered by an internal combustion engine or electric motor and the rider's muscles.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ Early prototype motorcycles in the late 19th century used the same principle.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ The first published prototype of an SHB is by Augustus Kinzel (US Patent 3'884'317) in 1975.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ In 1994 Bernie Macdonalds conceived the Electrilite SHB with power electronics allowing regenerative braking and pedaling while stationary.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ In 1995 Thomas Muller designed and built a \"Fahrrad mit elektromagnetischem Antrieb\" for his 1995 diploma thesis.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ In 1996 Jürg Blatter and Andreas Fuchs of Berne University of Applied Sciences built an SHB and in 1998 modified a Leitra tricycle (European patent EP 1165188).", "Aphelion (software) __knowledge__ The Aphelion Imaging Software Suite is a software suite that includes three base products (i.e., Aphelion Lab, Aphelion Dev, and Aphelion ) for addressing image processing and image analysis applications.", "Aphelion (software) __knowledge__ The suite also includes a set of extension programs to implement specific vertical applications that benefit from imaging techniques.", "Aphelion (software) __knowledge__ The Aphelion software products can be used to prototype and deploy applications, or can be integrated, in whole or in part, into a user's system as processing and visualization libraries whoses components are available as both DLLs or .Net components.", "Aphelion (software) __knowledge__ Aphelion development started in 1995 as a joint project of « S.A. » (France) and « Amerinex Applied Imaging, Inc. » (United States).", "Premarket tobacco application __knowledge__ A premarket tobacco application (PMTA) is an application that must be reviewed and approved by the Food and Drug Administration before a new tobacco product can be legally marketed in the United States.", "Premarket tobacco application __knowledge__ The first PMTA, and only to date, was approved by US FDA on November 10, 2015, when the FDA authorized the marketing of eight Swedish Match North America Inc. snus smokeless tobacco products (to be marketed under the brand name \"General\").", "Premarket tobacco application __knowledge__ A new tobacco product is either a product commercially marketed in the United States after February 15, 2007, or any modification to a tobacco product commercially marketed after February 15, 2007.", "Light-emitting diode __knowledge__ A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source.", "Light-emitting diode __knowledge__ It is a p–n junction diode that emits light when activated.", "Light-emitting diode __knowledge__ When a suitable voltage is applied to the leads, electrons are able to recombine with electron holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of photons.", "Light-emitting diode __knowledge__ This effect is called electroluminescence, and the color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the photon) is determined by the energy band gap of the semiconductor.", "Light-emitting diode __knowledge__ LEDs are typically small (less than 1 mm) and integrated optical components may be used to shape the radiation pattern.", "Light-emitting diode __knowledge__ Appearing as practical electronic components in 1962, the earliest LEDs emitted low-intensity infrared light.", "Kerala Museum __knowledge__ Kerala Museum (also known as the Museum of Kerala History) at Edapally, Kochi, India, is one of the oldest art and history museums in Kochi.", "Kerala Museum __knowledge__ The museum was founded by philanthropist and entrepreneur R. Madhavan Nayar (1914-1996) in 1986.", "Kerala Museum __knowledge__ It is managed by the Madhavan Nayar Foundation, a registered charitable trust.", "Kerala Museum __knowledge__ Kerala Museum has three galleries: the Museum of Kerala History, the Dolls Museum and the Gallery of Modern Art.", "Kerala Museum __knowledge__ The Museum of Kerala History is the oldest gallery in the Kerala Museum.", "Kerala Museum __knowledge__ It recounts the history of the state of Kerala through 36 dioramas on key historical episodes and personalities from the region.", "Virus quantification __knowledge__ Virus quantification involves counting the number of viruses in a specific volume to determine the virus concentration.", "Virus quantification __knowledge__ It is utilized in both research and development (R&D) in commercial and academic laboratories as well as production situations where the quantity of virus at various steps is an important variable.", "Virus quantification __knowledge__ For example, the production of viral vaccines, recombinant proteins using viral vectors and viral antigens all require virus quantification to continually adapt and monitor the process in order to optimize production yields and respond to ever changing demands and applications.", "Virus quantification __knowledge__ Examples of specific instances where known viruses need to be quantified include clone screening, multiplicity of infection (MOI) optimization and adaptation of methods to cell culture.", "Field ration __knowledge__ A field ration, combat ration or ration pack is a canned or pre-packaged meal, easily prepared and eaten, transported by military troops on the battlefield.", "Field ration __knowledge__ They are distinguished from regular military rations by virtue of being designed for minimal preparation in the field, using canned, pre-cooked or freeze-dried foods, powdered beverage mixes and concentrated food bars, as well as for long shelf life.", "Field ration __knowledge__ Such meals also prove invaluable for disaster relief operations, where large stocks of these can be ferried and distributed easily, and provide basic nutritional support to victims before kitchens can be set up to produce fresh food.", "Nylon __knowledge__ Nylon is a generic designation for a family of synthetic polymers, based on aliphatic or semi-aromatic polyamides.", "Nylon __knowledge__ Nylon is a thermoplastic silky material that can be melt-processed into fibers, films or shapes.", "Nylon __knowledge__ Nylon was the first commercially successful synthetic thermoplastic polymer.", "Nylon __knowledge__ DuPont began its research project in 1930.", "Nylon __knowledge__ The first example of nylon (nylon 6,6) was produced using diamines on February 28, 1935, by Wallace Carothers at DuPont's research facility at the DuPont Experimental Station.", "Nylon __knowledge__ In response to Carothers' work, Paul Schlack at IG Farben developed nylon 6, a different formulation based on caprolactam, on January 29, 1938.", "Glossary of patent law terms __knowledge__ This is a list of legal terms relating to patents.", "Glossary of patent law terms __knowledge__ A patent is not a right to practice or use the invention, but a territorial right to exclude others from commercially exploiting the invention, granted to an inventor or his successor in rights in exchange to a public disclosure of the invention.", "Glossary of patent law terms __knowledge__ The reply of an applicant to an office action must be made within a prescribed time limit.", "Glossary of patent law terms __knowledge__ If no reply is received within the time period, the application may be considered, depending on the jurisdiction, as abandoned or deemed to be withdrawn, and, therefore, no longer pending.", "Glossary of patent law terms __knowledge__ A fee to be paid to maintain a patent or a patent application in force.", "Patent application __knowledge__ A patent application is a request pending at a patent office for the grant of a patent for the invention described and claimed by that application.", "Patent application __knowledge__ An application consists of a description of the invention (the \"patent specification\"), together with official forms and correspondence relating to the application.", "Patent application __knowledge__ The term patent application is also used to refer to the process of applying for a patent, or to the patent specification itself (i.e.", "Patent application __knowledge__ the content of the document filed with a view to initiating the process of applying for a patent ).", "Patent application __knowledge__ To obtain the grant of a patent, a person, either legal or natural, must file an application at a patent office with the jurisdiction to grant a patent in the geographic area over which coverage is required.", "Elisha Gray and Alexander Bell telephone controversy __knowledge__ The Elisha Gray and Alexander Graham Bell controversy concerns the question of whether Gray and Bell invented the telephone independently.", "Elisha Gray and Alexander Bell telephone controversy __knowledge__ This issue is narrower than the question of who deserves credit for inventing the telephone, for which there are several claimants.", "Elisha Gray and Alexander Bell telephone controversy __knowledge__ At issue are roles of each inventor's lawyers, the filing of patent documents, and allegations of theft.", "Elisha Gray and Alexander Bell telephone controversy __knowledge__ Alexander Graham Bell was a professor of elocution at Boston University and tutor of deaf children.", "Elisha Gray and Alexander Bell telephone controversy __knowledge__ He had begun electrical experiments in Scotland in 1867 and, after emigrating to Boston, pursued research into a method of telegraphy that could transmit multiple messages over a single wire simultaneously, a so-called \"harmonic telegraph\".", "Grant procedure before the European Patent Office __knowledge__ The grant procedure before the European Patent Office (EPO) is an \"ex parte\", administrative procedure, which includes the filing of a European patent application, the examination of formalities, the establishment of a search report, the publication of the application, its substantive examination, and the grant of a patent, or the refusal of the application, in accordance with the legal provisions of the European Patent Convention (EPC).", "Grant procedure before the European Patent Office __knowledge__ The grant procedure is carried out by the EPO under the supervision of the Administrative Council of the European Patent Organisation.", "Grant procedure before the European Patent Office __knowledge__ The patents granted in accordance with the EPC are called European patents.", "Novartis v. Union of India & Others __knowledge__ Novartis v. Union of India & Others is a landmark decision by a two-judge bench of the Indian Supreme Court on the issue of whether Novartis could patent Gleevec in India, and was the culmination of a seven-year-long litigation fought by Novartis.", "Novartis v. Union of India & Others __knowledge__ The Supreme Court upheld the Indian patent office's rejection of the patent application.", "Novartis v. Union of India & Others __knowledge__ The patent application at the center of the case was filed by Novartis in India in 1998, after India had agreed to enter the World Trade Organization and to abide by worldwide intellectual property standards under the TRIPS agreement.", "Novartis v. Union of India & Others __knowledge__ As part of this agreement, India made changes to its patent law; the biggest of which was that prior to these changes, patents on products were not allowed, while afterwards they were, albeit with restrictions.", "Canadian patent law __knowledge__ Canadian patent law is the legal system regulating the granting of patents for inventions within Canada, and the enforcement of these rights in Canada.", "Canadian patent law __knowledge__ A patent is a government grant that gives the inventor and his or her heirs, executors and assigns, the exclusive right within Canada, during the term of the patent, to make, use and/or sell the invention claimed in the patent, subject to adjudication.", "Canadian patent law __knowledge__ The granting of Canadian patents is within the exclusive jurisdiction of the Canadian federal government and is governed by the federal \"Patent Act\", the \"Patent Rules\", and various international treaties and the regulations thereunder.", "Patent prosecution __knowledge__ Patent prosecution describes the interaction between applicants and their representatives, and a patent office with regard to a patent, or an application for a patent.", "Patent prosecution __knowledge__ Broadly, patent prosecution can be split into pre-grant prosecution, which involves negotiation with a patent office for the grant of a patent, and post-grant prosecution, which involves issues such as post-grant amendment and opposition.", "Patent prosecution __knowledge__ Patent prosecution is distinct from patent litigation, which describes legal action relating to the infringement of patents.", "Patent prosecution __knowledge__ The rules and laws governing patent prosecution are often laid out in manuals released by the Patent Offices of various governments, such as the Manual of Patent Examining Procedure (MPEP) in the United States, or the Manual of Patent Office Practice (MOPOP) in Canada." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ A hybrid vehicle uses two or more distinct types of power, such as internal combustion engine to drive an electric generator that powers an electric motor, e.g.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ in diesel-electric trains using diesel engines to drive an electric generator that powers an electric motor, and submarines that use diesels when surfaced and batteries when submerged.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ Other means to store energy include pressurized fluid in hydraulic hybrids.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ Power sources for hybrid vehicles include: Mopeds, electric bicycles, and even electric kick scooters are a simple form of a hybrid, powered by an internal combustion engine or electric motor and the rider's muscles.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ Early prototype motorcycles in the late 19th century used the same principle.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ The first published prototype of an SHB is by Augustus Kinzel (US Patent 3'884'317) in 1975.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ In 1994 Bernie Macdonalds conceived the Electrilite SHB with power electronics allowing regenerative braking and pedaling while stationary.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ In 1995 Thomas Muller designed and built a \"Fahrrad mit elektromagnetischem Antrieb\" for his 1995 diploma thesis.", "Hybrid vehicle __knowledge__ In 1996 Jürg Blatter and Andreas Fuchs of Berne University of Applied Sciences built an SHB and in 1998 modified a Leitra tricycle (European patent EP 1165188).", "Inventor (patent) __knowledge__ In patent law, an inventor is the person, or persons in United States patent law, who contribute to the claims of a patentable invention.", "Inventor (patent) __knowledge__ In some patent law frameworks, however, such as in the European Patent Convention (EPC) and its case law, no explicit, accurate definition of who exactly is an inventor is provided.", "Inventor (patent) __knowledge__ The definition may slightly vary from one European country to another.", "Inventor (patent) __knowledge__ Inventorship is generally not considered to be a patentability criterion under European patent law.", "Inventor (patent) __knowledge__ Under U.S. case law, an inventor is the one with \"intellectual domination\" over the inventive process, and not merely one who assists in its reduction to practice.", "Patent __knowledge__ A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a sovereign state or intergovernmental organization to an inventor or assignee for a limited period of time in exchange for detailed public disclosure of an invention.", "Patent __knowledge__ An invention is a solution to a specific technological problem and is a product or a process.", "Patent __knowledge__ Patents are a form of intellectual property.", "Patent __knowledge__ The procedure for granting patents, requirements placed on the patentee, and the extent of the exclusive rights vary widely between countries according to national laws and international agreements.", "Patent __knowledge__ Typically, however, a granted patent application must include one or more claims that define the invention.", "Open Inventor __knowledge__ Open Inventor, originally IRIS Inventor, is a C++ object oriented retained mode 3D graphics toolkit designed by SGI to provide a higher layer of programming for OpenGL.", "Open Inventor __knowledge__ Its main goals are better programmer convenience and efficiency.", "Open Inventor __knowledge__ Open Inventor exists as both proprietary software and free and open-source software, subject to the requirements of the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), version 2.1.", "Open Inventor __knowledge__ Around 1988–1989, Wei Yen asked Rikk Carey to lead the IRIS Inventor project.", "Open Inventor __knowledge__ Their goal was to create a toolkit that made developing 3D graphics applications easier to do.", "Open Inventor __knowledge__ The strategy was based on the premise that people were not developing enough 3D applications with IRIS GL because it was too time-consuming to do so with the low-level interface provided by IRIS GL.", "Invention of the telephone __knowledge__ The invention of the telephone was the culmination of work done by many individuals, and involved an array of lawsuits founded upon the patent claims of several individuals and numerous companies.", "Invention of the telephone __knowledge__ The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell.", "Invention of the telephone __knowledge__ The concept of the telephone dates back to the string telephone or lover's telephone that has been known for centuries, comprising two diaphragms connected by a taut string or wire.", "Invention of the telephone __knowledge__ Sound waves are carried as mechanical vibrations along the string or wire from one diaphragm to the other.", "Invention of the telephone __knowledge__ The classic example is the tin can telephone, a children's toy made by connecting the two ends of a string to the bottoms of two metal cans, paper cups or similar items.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "Thomas Edison __knowledge__ Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847October 18, 1931) was an American inventor and businessman, who has been described as America's greatest inventor.", "Thomas Edison __knowledge__ He developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and the long-lasting, practical electric light bulb.", "Thomas Edison __knowledge__ Dubbed \"The Wizard of Menlo Park\", he was one of the first inventors to apply the principles of mass production and large-scale teamwork to the process of invention, and because of that, he is often credited with the creation of the first industrial research laboratory.", "Leahy-Smith America Invents Act __knowledge__ The Leahy–Smith America Invents Act (AIA) is a United States federal statute that was passed by Congress and was signed into law by President Barack Obama on September 16, 2011.", "Leahy-Smith America Invents Act __knowledge__ The law represents the most significant change to the U.S. patent system since 1952, and closely resembles previously proposed legislation in the Senate in its previous session (Patent Reform Act of 2009).", "Leahy-Smith America Invents Act __knowledge__ Named for its lead sponsors, Sen. Patrick Leahy (D-VT) and Rep. Lamar Smith (R-TX), the Act switches the U.S. patent system from a \"first to invent\" to a \"first inventor to file\" system, eliminates interference proceedings, and develops post-grant opposition.", "Bell Homestead National Historic Site __knowledge__ The Bell Homestead National Historic Site, located in Brantford, Ontario, Canada, also known by the name of its principal structure, Melville House, was the first North American home of Professor Alexander Melville Bell and his family, including his last surviving son, scientist Alexander Graham Bell.", "Bell Homestead National Historic Site __knowledge__ The younger Bell conducted his earliest experiments in North America there, and later invented the telephone at the Homestead in July 1874.", "Bell Homestead National Historic Site __knowledge__ In a 1906 speech to the Brantford Board of Trade, Bell made the following comment, \"the telephone problem was solved, and it was solved at my father's home\".", "Bell Homestead National Historic Site __knowledge__ The approximately 4-hectare (10 acre) site has been largely restored to its appearance when the Bells lived there in the 1870s, and Melville House now serves as a museum to the family and to the invention of the telephone.", "Alexander Graham Bell __knowledge__ Alexander Graham Bell (March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-born scientist, inventor, engineer, and innovator who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone and founding the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) in 1885.", "Alexander Graham Bell __knowledge__ Bell's father, grandfather, and brother had all been associated with work on elocution and speech and both his mother and wife were deaf, profoundly influencing Bell's life's work.", "Alexander Graham Bell __knowledge__ His research on hearing and speech further led him to experiment with hearing devices which eventually culminated in Bell being awarded the first U.S. patent for the telephone in 1876.", "Volta Laboratory and Bureau __knowledge__ The Volta Laboratory (also known as the \"Alexander Graham Bell Laboratory\", the \"Bell Carriage House\" and the \"Bell Laboratory\") and the Volta Bureau were created in Georgetown, Washington, D.C. by Alexander Graham Bell.", "Volta Laboratory and Bureau __knowledge__ The Volta Laboratory was founded in 1880–1881 with Charles Sumner Tainter and Bell's cousin, Chichester Bell, for the research and development of telecommunication, phonograph and other technologies.", "Volta Laboratory and Bureau __knowledge__ Using funds generated by the Volta Laboratory, Bell later founded the Volta Bureau in 1887 \"for the increase and diffusion of knowledge relating to the deaf\", and merged with the American Association for the Promotion and Teaching of Speech to the Deaf (AAPTSD) in 1908.", "Elisha Gray and Alexander Bell telephone controversy __knowledge__ The Elisha Gray and Alexander Graham Bell controversy concerns the question of whether Gray and Bell invented the telephone independently.", "Elisha Gray and Alexander Bell telephone controversy __knowledge__ This issue is narrower than the question of who deserves credit for inventing the telephone, for which there are several claimants.", "Elisha Gray and Alexander Bell telephone controversy __knowledge__ At issue are roles of each inventor's lawyers, the filing of patent documents, and allegations of theft.", "Elisha Gray and Alexander Bell telephone controversy __knowledge__ Alexander Graham Bell was a professor of elocution at Boston University and tutor of deaf children.", "Elisha Gray and Alexander Bell telephone controversy __knowledge__ He had begun electrical experiments in Scotland in 1867 and, after emigrating to Boston, pursued research into a method of telegraphy that could transmit multiple messages over a single wire simultaneously, a so-called \"harmonic telegraph\".", "Bell Telephone Company __knowledge__ The Bell Telephone Company, a common law joint stock company, was organized in Boston, Massachusetts on July 9, 1877, by Alexander Graham Bell's father-in-law Gardiner Greene Hubbard, who also helped organize a sister company — the New England Telephone and Telegraph Company.", "Bell Telephone Company __knowledge__ The Bell Telephone Company was started on the basis of holding \"potentially valuable patents\", principally Bell's master telephone patent #174465.", "Bell Telephone Company __knowledge__ The two companies merged on February 17, 1879, to form two new entities, the National Bell Telephone Company of Boston, and the International Bell Telephone Company, soon after established by Hubbard and which became headquartered in Brussels, Belgium.", "Canadian Parliamentary Motion on Alexander Graham Bell __knowledge__ The first session of Canada's 37th Parliament unanimously passed a Canadian Parliamentary Motion on Alexander Graham Bell on June 21, 2002, to affirm that Alexander Graham Bell was the inventor of the telephone.", "Canadian Parliamentary Motion on Alexander Graham Bell __knowledge__ The symbolic motion was a response to the 107th United States Congress' earlier resolution (HRes 269) of June 11, 2002, which recognized the contributions of Antonio Meucci.", "Canadian Parliamentary Motion on Alexander Graham Bell __knowledge__ Due to a misleading press release issued by U.S.", "Canadian Parliamentary Motion on Alexander Graham Bell __knowledge__ Congressman Vito Fossella, this was interpreted by some as establishing priority for the invention of the telephone to Meucci.", "Canadian Parliamentary Motion on Alexander Graham Bell __knowledge__ The House of Representatives' Resolution and the Parliamentary Motion which followed were both opinions and did not carry any legal weight." ] ]

[ 5, 49, 55, 45 ]

[ "There were early prototype hybrid motorcycles in the late 19th century.", "Ogden Bolton in 1895 filed for a patent application.", "I have no idea, however, I can tell you about Alexander Graham Bell.", "He was known for being the inventor who patented the first practical telephone and founded ATT" ]

[ "Hybrid vehicle", "Hybrid vehicle", "Hybrid vehicle", "Hybrid vehicle" ]

[ "Regret\nSometimes I really regret my decisions.", "Yeah exactly, sometimes I just think I could've done better.", "That makes a lot of sense, a lot could be gained from doing things right.", "I guess it depends on how big the decision is too." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is a negative conscious and emotional reaction to one's personal decision-making, a choice resulting in action or inaction.", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is related to perceived opportunity.", "Regret __knowledge__ Its intensity varies over time after the decision, in regard to action versus action, and in regard to self-control at a particular age.", "Regret __knowledge__ The self-recrimination which comes with regret is thought to spur corrective action and adaptation.", "Regret __knowledge__ In Western societies adults have the highest regrets regarding choices of their education.", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret has been defined by psychologists in the late 1990´s as a \"negative emotion predicated on an upward, self-focused, counterfactual inference\".", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret lingers where opportunity existed, with self-blame being a core element to ultimately spur corrective action in decision-making.", "Regret __knowledge__ Another definition is \"an aversive emotional state elicited by a discrepancy in the outcome values of chosen vs. unchosen actions\".", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is distinct from disappointment; Both are negative emotional experiences relating to a loss outcome, and both have similar neuronal correlates.", "Regret __knowledge__ However, they differ in regard to feedback about the outcome, comparing the difference between outcomes for the chosen vs. unchosen action; In regret, full feedback occurs and with disappointment partial feedback.", "Reform Judaism __knowledge__ Reform Judaism (also known as Liberal Judaism or Progressive Judaism) is a major Jewish denomination that emphasizes the evolving nature of the faith, the superiority of its ethical aspects to the ceremonial ones, and a belief in a continuous revelation not centered on the theophany at Mount Sinai.", "Reform Judaism __knowledge__ A liberal strand of Judaism, it is characterized by a lesser stress on ritual and personal observance, regarding Jewish Law as non-binding and the individual Jew as autonomous, and openness to external influences and progressive values.", "Reform Judaism __knowledge__ The origins of Reform Judaism lay in 19th-century Germany, where its early principles were formulated by Rabbi Abraham Geiger and his associates; since the 1970s, the movement adopted a policy of inclusiveness and acceptance, inviting as many as possible to partake in its communities, rather than strict theoretical clarity.", "Dispensationalist theology __knowledge__ Dispensational theology refers to the unified teachings of Dispensationalism that address what other views teach as divergent theologies in the Old Testament and New Testament.", "Dispensationalist theology __knowledge__ Its name reflects a view that biblical history is best understood as a series of dispensations, or separated time-periods, in the Bible.", "Dispensationalist theology __knowledge__ Each dispensation is said to represent a different way in which God deals with man.", "Dispensationalist theology __knowledge__ Some writers also believe that it also involves a different testing of Man.", "Dispensationalist theology __knowledge__ \"These periods are marked off in Scripture by some change in God's method of dealing with mankind, in respect to two questions: of sin, and of man's responsibility,\" explained C. I. Scofield.", "Progressive revelation (Bahá'í) __knowledge__ Progressive revelation is a core teaching in the Bahá'í Faith that suggests that religious truth is revealed by God progressively and cyclically over time through a series of divine Messengers, and that the teachings are tailored to suit the needs of the time and place of their appearance.", "Progressive revelation (Bahá'í) __knowledge__ Thus, the Bahá'í teachings recognize the divine origin of several world religions as different stages in the history of one religion, while believing that the revelation of Bahá'u'lláh is the most recent (though not the last—that there will never be a last), and therefore the most relevant to modern society.", "Progressive revelation (Bahá'í) __knowledge__ This teaching is an interaction of simpler teachings and their implications.", "Dispensationalism __knowledge__ Dispensationalism is a religious interpretive system for the Bible.", "Dispensationalism __knowledge__ It considers Biblical history as divided deliberately by God into defined periods or ages to each of which God has allotted distinctive administrative principles.", "Dispensationalism __knowledge__ According to dispensationalist interpretation, each age of the plan of God is thus administered in a certain way, and humanity is held responsible as a steward during that time.", "Dispensationalism __knowledge__ Dispensationalists demonstrate the harmony of history as focusing on the glory of God and put God at its center - as opposed to a central focus on man and humanity's need for salvation.", "Dispensationalism __knowledge__ A dispensational perspective of scripture is evident in some early Jewish circles, as seen in the Dead Sea Scrolls like The Community Rule (1QS).", "Continuous revelation __knowledge__ Continuous revelation or continuing revelation is a theological belief or position that God continues to reveal divine principles or commandments to humanity.", "Continuous revelation __knowledge__ In Christian traditions, it is most commonly associated with The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers), and with Pentecostal and Charismatic Christianity, though it is found in some other denominations as well.", "Continuous revelation __knowledge__ Continuous revelation also forms part of the rituals of gatherings in various chapters of Taoism.", "Continuous revelation __knowledge__ In the Baha'i Faith, Progressive revelation is an important concept that is similar to continuous revelation.", "Regret (decision theory) __knowledge__ In decision theory, on making decisions under uncertainty—should information about the best course of action arrive \"after\" taking a fixed decision—the human emotional response of regret is often experienced.", "Regret (decision theory) __knowledge__ The theory of regret aversion or anticipated regret proposes that when facing a decision, individuals might \"anticipate\" regret and thus incorporate in their choice their desire to eliminate or reduce this possibility.", "Regret (decision theory) __knowledge__ Regret is a negative emotion with a powerful social and reputational component, and is central to how humans learn from experience and to the human psychology of risk aversion." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is a negative conscious and emotional reaction to one's personal decision-making, a choice resulting in action or inaction.", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is related to perceived opportunity.", "Regret __knowledge__ Its intensity varies over time after the decision, in regard to action versus action, and in regard to self-control at a particular age.", "Regret __knowledge__ The self-recrimination which comes with regret is thought to spur corrective action and adaptation.", "Regret __knowledge__ In Western societies adults have the highest regrets regarding choices of their education.", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret has been defined by psychologists in the late 1990´s as a \"negative emotion predicated on an upward, self-focused, counterfactual inference\".", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret lingers where opportunity existed, with self-blame being a core element to ultimately spur corrective action in decision-making.", "Regret __knowledge__ Another definition is \"an aversive emotional state elicited by a discrepancy in the outcome values of chosen vs. unchosen actions\".", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is distinct from disappointment; Both are negative emotional experiences relating to a loss outcome, and both have similar neuronal correlates.", "Regret __knowledge__ However, they differ in regard to feedback about the outcome, comparing the difference between outcomes for the chosen vs. unchosen action; In regret, full feedback occurs and with disappointment partial feedback.", "United States presidential debates, 2012 __knowledge__ The bipartisan Commission on Presidential Debates (CPD) held four debates for the 2012 U.S. presidential general election, slated for various locations around the United States in October 2012 – three of them involving the major party presidential nominees (later determined to be Democratic President Barack Obama from Illinois and former Republican Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts), and one involving the vice-presidential nominees (Vice President Joe Biden from Delaware and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin).", "United States presidential debates, 2012 __knowledge__ The CPD stipulates three criteria for eligibility: constitutionally eligible, appearance on enough ballots to potentially reach 270 electoral votes, and average at least 15% on five selected national polls.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Coherence (film) __knowledge__ Coherence is an American science fiction thriller film directed by James Ward Byrkit in his directorial debut.", "Coherence (film) __knowledge__ The film had its world debut on September 19, 2013 at the Austin Fantastic Fest and stars Emily Baldoni as a woman who must deal with strange occurrences following a comet sighting.", "Coherence (film) __knowledge__ The film involves eight people at a dinner party.", "Coherence (film) __knowledge__ During their dinner, there is a comet that is passing over them.", "Coherence (film) __knowledge__ This causes their house and the occupants to intertwine with multiple such houses and occupants from other realities.", "Coherence (film) __knowledge__ There is a dark zone in between the realities.", "Coherence (film) __knowledge__ When people pass through the dark zone, they leave their reality and enter another reality at random.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Regulation of emotion __knowledge__ Regulation of emotion describes ways that people attempt to regulate their emotions, for instance by denying, intensifying, weakening, curtailing, masking, or completely hiding them.", "Regulation of emotion __knowledge__ Emotion regulation can also be described as the process in which people modify their emotional reactions—the coping processes that increase or decrease the intensity of the moment.", "Regulation of emotion __knowledge__ Human lives can be divided into three major stages: childhood, adolescence and adulthood.", "Regulation of emotion __knowledge__ During each of these phases regulation of emotions drastically improves.", "Regulation of emotion __knowledge__ There are individual differences in the way people regulate their emotions and in how well they do it.", "Emotional self-regulation __knowledge__ Emotional self-regulation or regulation of emotion is the ability to respond to the ongoing demands of experience with the range of emotions in a manner that is socially tolerable and sufficiently flexible to permit spontaneous reactions as well as the ability to delay spontaneous reactions as needed.", "Emotional self-regulation __knowledge__ It can also be defined as extrinsic and intrinsic processes responsible for monitoring, evaluating, and modifying emotional reactions.", "Emotional self-regulation __knowledge__ Emotion self-regulation belongs to the broader set of emotion-regulation processes, which includes the regulation of one's own feelings and the regulation of other people's feelings.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "Negative affectivity __knowledge__ Negative affectivity (NA), or negative affect, is a personality variable that involves the experience of negative emotions and poor self-concept.", "Negative affectivity __knowledge__ Negative affectivity subsumes a variety of negative emotions, including anger, contempt, disgust, guilt, fear, and nervousness.", "Negative affectivity __knowledge__ Low negative affectivity is characterized by frequent states of calmness and serenity, along with states of confidence, activeness, and great enthusiasm.", "Negative affectivity __knowledge__ Individuals differ in negative emotional reactivity.", "Negative affectivity __knowledge__ Trait negative affectivity roughly corresponds to the dominant personality factor of anxiety/neuroticism that is found within the Big Five personality traits as emotional stability.", "Emotion __knowledge__ Emotion is any conscious experience characterized by intense mental activity and a certain degree of pleasure or displeasure.", "Emotion __knowledge__ Scientific discourse has drifted to other meanings and there is no consensus on a definition.", "Emotion __knowledge__ Emotion is often intertwined with mood, temperament, personality, disposition, and motivation.", "Emotion __knowledge__ In some theories, cognition is an important aspect of emotion.", "Emotion __knowledge__ Those acting primarily on the emotions they are feeling may seem as if they are not thinking, but mental processes are still essential, particularly in the interpretation of events.", "Emotion __knowledge__ For example, the realization of our believing that we are in a dangerous situation and the subsequent arousal of our body's nervous system (rapid heartbeat and breathing, sweating, muscle tension) is integral to the experience of our feeling afraid.", "Affective neuroscience __knowledge__ Affective neuroscience is the study of the neural mechanisms of emotion.", "Affective neuroscience __knowledge__ This interdisciplinary field combines neuroscience with the psychological study of personality, emotion, and mood.", "Affective neuroscience __knowledge__ The existence of so-called 'basic emotions' and their defining attributes represents a long lasting and yet unsettled issue in psychology.", "Affective neuroscience __knowledge__ Emotions are thought to be related to activity in brain areas that direct our attention, motivate our behavior, and determine the significance of what is going on around us.", "Affective neuroscience __knowledge__ Pioneering work by Paul Broca (1878), James Papez (1937), and Paul D. MacLean (1952) suggested that emotion is related to a group of structures in the center of the brain called the limbic system, which includes the hypothalamus, cingulate cortex, hippocampi, and other structures." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is a negative conscious and emotional reaction to one's personal decision-making, a choice resulting in action or inaction.", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is related to perceived opportunity.", "Regret __knowledge__ Its intensity varies over time after the decision, in regard to action versus action, and in regard to self-control at a particular age.", "Regret __knowledge__ The self-recrimination which comes with regret is thought to spur corrective action and adaptation.", "Regret __knowledge__ In Western societies adults have the highest regrets regarding choices of their education.", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret has been defined by psychologists in the late 1990´s as a \"negative emotion predicated on an upward, self-focused, counterfactual inference\".", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret lingers where opportunity existed, with self-blame being a core element to ultimately spur corrective action in decision-making.", "Regret __knowledge__ Another definition is \"an aversive emotional state elicited by a discrepancy in the outcome values of chosen vs. unchosen actions\".", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is distinct from disappointment; Both are negative emotional experiences relating to a loss outcome, and both have similar neuronal correlates.", "Regret __knowledge__ However, they differ in regard to feedback about the outcome, comparing the difference between outcomes for the chosen vs. unchosen action; In regret, full feedback occurs and with disappointment partial feedback.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the police drama \"The Bill\" ordered alphabetically by character surname.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ For a full list of characters ordered by rank, see list of \"The Bill\" characters.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ The characters are all police officers or civilian staff at the fictional Sun Hill police station in London.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ PC Francis \"Taffy\" Edwards was known as the 'thin streak of Welsh misery'.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ A quiet country boy who hailed from a poor farming family near Bangor, he sometimes struggled to adapt to city life.", "List of The Bill characters (E–L) __knowledge__ Edwards was extremely lazy, often thinking up ingenious ways to avoid having to do serious work – but he had an infectious charm and was popular amongst the relief.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Trinity __knowledge__ The Christian doctrine of the Trinity (, from ) holds that God is three consubstantial persons or \"hypostases\"—the Father, the Son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit—as \"one God in three Divine Persons\".", "Trinity __knowledge__ The three Persons are distinct, yet are one \"substance, essence or nature\" (homoousios).", "Trinity __knowledge__ In this context, a \"nature\" is \"what\" one is, whereas a \"person\" is \"who\" one is.", "Trinity __knowledge__ The opposing view is referred to as Nontrinitarianism.", "Trinity __knowledge__ According to this central mystery of most Christian faiths, there is only one God in three Persons: while distinct from one another in their relations of origin (as the Fourth Council of the Lateran declared, \"it is the Father who generates, the Son who is begotten, and the Holy Spirit who proceeds\") and in their relations with one another, they are stated to be one in all else, co-equal, co-eternal and consubstantial, and each is God, whole and entire.", "Athenian democracy __knowledge__ Athenian democracy developed around the fifth century BC in the Greek city-state (known as a polis) of Athens, comprising the city of Athens and the surrounding territory of Attica, and is the first known democracy in the world.", "Athenian democracy __knowledge__ Other Greek cities set up democracies, most following the Athenian model, but none are as well documented as Athens'.", "Athenian democracy __knowledge__ It was a system of direct democracy, in which participating citizens voted directly on legislation and executive bills.", "Athenian democracy __knowledge__ Participation was not open to all residents: to vote one had to be an adult, male citizen i.e.", "Athenian democracy __knowledge__ neither a foreign resident, slave or a woman and the number of these \"varied between 30,000 and 50,000 out of a total population of around 250,000 to 300,000\" or \"no more than 30 percent of the total adult population.\"", "Myonyssus __knowledge__ Myonyssus is a genus of mites in the family Laelapidae.", "Regret (decision theory) __knowledge__ In decision theory, on making decisions under uncertainty—should information about the best course of action arrive \"after\" taking a fixed decision—the human emotional response of regret is often experienced.", "Regret (decision theory) __knowledge__ The theory of regret aversion or anticipated regret proposes that when facing a decision, individuals might \"anticipate\" regret and thus incorporate in their choice their desire to eliminate or reduce this possibility.", "Regret (decision theory) __knowledge__ Regret is a negative emotion with a powerful social and reputational component, and is central to how humans learn from experience and to the human psychology of risk aversion.", "Kubla Khan __knowledge__ Some of Coleridge's contemporaries denounced the poem and questioned his story of its origin.", "Kubla Khan __knowledge__ It was not until years later that critics began to openly admire the poem.", "Kubla Khan __knowledge__ Most modern critics now view \"Kubla Khan\" as one of Coleridge's three great poems, along with \"The Rime of the Ancient Mariner\" and \"Christabel\".", "Kubla Khan __knowledge__ The poem is considered one of the most famous examples of Romanticism in English poetry, and is one of the most frequently anthologized poems in the English language.", "Kubla Khan __knowledge__ A copy of the manuscript is a permanent exhibit at the British Library in London.", "Kubla Khan __knowledge__ In September 1797, Coleridge lived in Nether Stowey in the south west of England and spent much of his time walking through the nearby Quantock Hills with his fellow poet William Wordsworth and Wordsworth's sister Dorothy; (His route today is memorialised as the \"Coleridge Way\".)", "Ode: Intimations of Immortality __knowledge__ Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood (also known as \"Ode\", \"Immortality Ode\" or \"Great Ode\") is a poem by William Wordsworth, completed in 1804 and published in \"Poems, in Two Volumes\" (1807).", "Ode: Intimations of Immortality __knowledge__ The poem was completed in two parts, with the first four stanzas written among a series of poems composed in 1802 about childhood.", "Ode: Intimations of Immortality __knowledge__ The first part of the poem was completed on 27 March 1802 and a copy was provided to Wordsworth's friend and fellow poet, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, who responded with his own poem, \"\", in April.", "Ode: Intimations of Immortality __knowledge__ The fourth stanza of the ode ends with a question, and Wordsworth was finally able to answer it with 7 additional stanzas completed in early 1804.", "Online machine learning __knowledge__ In computer science, online machine learning is a method of machine learning in which data becomes available in a sequential order and is used to update our best predictor for future data at each step, as opposed to batch learning techniques which generate the best predictor by learning on the entire training data set at once.", "Online machine learning __knowledge__ Online learning is a common technique used in areas of machine learning where it is computationally infeasible to train over the entire dataset, requiring the need of out-of-core algorithms.", "Online machine learning __knowledge__ It is also used in situations where it is necessary for the algorithm to dynamically adapt to new patterns in the data, or when the data itself is generated as a function of time, e.g.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is a negative conscious and emotional reaction to one's personal decision-making, a choice resulting in action or inaction.", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is related to perceived opportunity.", "Regret __knowledge__ Its intensity varies over time after the decision, in regard to action versus action, and in regard to self-control at a particular age.", "Regret __knowledge__ The self-recrimination which comes with regret is thought to spur corrective action and adaptation.", "Regret __knowledge__ In Western societies adults have the highest regrets regarding choices of their education.", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret has been defined by psychologists in the late 1990´s as a \"negative emotion predicated on an upward, self-focused, counterfactual inference\".", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret lingers where opportunity existed, with self-blame being a core element to ultimately spur corrective action in decision-making.", "Regret __knowledge__ Another definition is \"an aversive emotional state elicited by a discrepancy in the outcome values of chosen vs. unchosen actions\".", "Regret __knowledge__ Regret is distinct from disappointment; Both are negative emotional experiences relating to a loss outcome, and both have similar neuronal correlates.", "Regret __knowledge__ However, they differ in regard to feedback about the outcome, comparing the difference between outcomes for the chosen vs. unchosen action; In regret, full feedback occurs and with disappointment partial feedback.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Pricing games are featured on the current version of the American game show The Price Is Right.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ The contestant from Contestants' Row who bids closest to the price of a prize without going over wins the prize and has the chance to win additional prizes or cash in an onstage game.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ After the pricing game ends, a new contestant is selected for Contestants' Row and the process is repeated.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Six pricing games are played on each hour-long episode.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Prior to expanding to one hour in length, three games per episode were played during the half-hour format.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ With the exception of a single game from early in the show's history, only one contestant at a time is involved in a pricing game.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Guess (styled as GUESS or Guess?)", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ is an American clothing brand and retailer.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ In addition to clothing for both men and women, Guess markets other fashion accessories such as watches, jewelry, perfumes, and shoes.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Guess began in 1981 as a book of styles by Georges Marciano.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Maurice, Georges brother, was first sought by Georges to help with product development.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Armand and Paul, also Georges' brothers, were in charge of distribution and advertising, respectively.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Armand ran distribution.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Paul created the advertising, all of it in-house.", "Guess (clothing) __knowledge__ Georges designed the clothes, burnishing Guess' signature style: stonewashed denim, lighter in color, softer and more form-fitting than the competitors.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Gillian Guess __knowledge__ Gillian Guess (born 1955) is a Vancouver woman who was convicted in 1998 of obstruction of justice after becoming romantically involved with a murder defendant while she was a juror in his 1995 trial.", "Gillian Guess __knowledge__ Her case became significant because it set legal precedents in four areas of Canadian Law: it was the first case where a juror had sexual relations with a murder defendant during his trial; the only case where a juror has faced criminal sanction for the decision they have made; the only case in Canadian law where jury room discussions were made part of the public record.", "Gillian Guess __knowledge__ Regarding the sanctity of juror deliberations up until Guess was arrested, there was no law in Canada that made her actions illegal and more over, the procedures used in her trial may have violated Guess' rights under the Canadian Charter.", "The Guess Who __knowledge__ The Guess Who are a Canadian rock band, formed in Winnipeg in 1965.", "The Guess Who __knowledge__ Initially gaining recognition in Canada, the group found international success from the late 1960s through the mid-1970s with many hit singles, including \"No Time\", \"American Woman\", \"Laughing\", \"These Eyes\", \"Undun\" and \"Share the Land\".", "The Guess Who __knowledge__ The band have continued to perform and record to the present day; and at various times have included many well-known musicians, including Burton Cummings and Randy Bachman (of Bachman–Turner Overdrive).", "The Guess Who __knowledge__ Formed as a garage rock band, their musical style encompassed the pop rock and psychedelic rock genres.", "Guessing __knowledge__ A guess (or an act of guessing) is a swift conclusion drawn from data directly at hand, and held as probable or tentative, while the person making the guess (the guesser) admittedly lacks material for a greater degree of certainty.", "Guessing __knowledge__ A guess is also an unstable answer, as it is \"always putative, fallible, open to further revision and interpretation, and validated against the horizon of possible meanings by showing that one interpretation is more probable than another in light of what we already know\".", "Guessing __knowledge__ In many of its uses, \"the meaning of guessing is assumed as implicitly understood\", and the term is therefore often used without being meticulously defined.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Exercise intensity __knowledge__ Exercise intensity refers to how much energy is expended when exercising.", "Exercise intensity __knowledge__ Perceived intensity varies with each person.", "Exercise intensity __knowledge__ It has been found that intensity has an effect on what fuel the body uses and what kind of adaptations the body makes after exercise.", "Exercise intensity __knowledge__ Intensity is the amount of physical power (expressed as a percentage of the maximal oxygen consumption) that the body uses when performing an activity.", "Exercise intensity __knowledge__ For example, exercise intensity defines how hard the body has to work to walk a mile in 20 minutes.", "Exercise intensity __knowledge__ Heart Rate is typically used as a measure of exercise intensity.", "Exercise intensity __knowledge__ Heart rate can be an indicator of the challenge to the cardiovascular system that the exercise represents.", "Gamma correction __knowledge__ Gamma correction, or often simply gamma, is the name of a nonlinear operation used to encode and decode luminance or tristimulus values in video or still image systems.", "Gamma correction __knowledge__ Gamma correction is, in the simplest cases, defined by the following power-law expression: where the non-negative real input value formula_2 is raised to the power formula_3 and multiplied by the constant \"A,\" to get the output value formula_4.", "Gamma correction __knowledge__ In the common case of , inputs and outputs are typically in the range 0–1.", "Gamma correction __knowledge__ A gamma value is sometimes called an \"encoding gamma\", and the process of encoding with this compressive power-law nonlinearity is called gamma compression; conversely a gamma value is called a \"decoding gamma\" and the application of the expansive power-law nonlinearity is called gamma expansion.", "Holography __knowledge__ Holography is the science and practice of making holograms.", "Holography __knowledge__ Typically, a hologram is a photographic recording of a light field, rather than of an image formed by a lens, and it is used to display a fully three-dimensional image of the holographed subject, which is seen without the aid of special glasses or other intermediate optics.", "Holography __knowledge__ The hologram itself is not an image and it is usually unintelligible when viewed under diffuse ambient light.", "Holography __knowledge__ It is an encoding of the light field as an interference pattern of seemingly random variations in the opacity, density, or surface profile of the photographic medium.", "R&D intensity __knowledge__ Research and development intensity or simply R&D intensity, is generally defined as expenditures by a firm on its research and development (R&D) divided by the firm's sales.", "R&D intensity __knowledge__ There are two types of R&D intensity: direct and indirect.", "R&D intensity __knowledge__ R&D intensity varies, in general, according to a firm's industry sector, product knowledge, manufacturing, and technology, and is a metric that can be used to gauge the level of a company's investment to spur innovation in and through basic and applied research.", "R&D intensity __knowledge__ A further aim of R&D spending, ultimately, is to increase productivity (e.g., factor productivity) as well as an organization's salable output.", "Structure factor __knowledge__ In condensed matter physics and crystallography, the static structure factor (or structure factor for short) is a mathematical description of how a material scatters incident radiation.", "Structure factor __knowledge__ The structure factor is a critical tool in the interpretation of scattering patterns (interference patterns) obtained in X-ray, electron and neutron diffraction experiments.", "Structure factor __knowledge__ Confusingly, there are two different mathematical expressions in use, both called 'structure factor'.", "Structure factor __knowledge__ One is usually written formula_1; it is more generally valid, and relates the observed diffracted intensity per atom to that produced by a single scattering unit.", "Neutral-density filter __knowledge__ In photography and optics, a neutral-density filter, or ND filter, is a filter that reduces or modifies the intensity of all wavelengths, or colors, of light equally, giving no changes in hue of color rendition.", "Neutral-density filter __knowledge__ It can be a colorless (clear) or grey filter.", "Neutral-density filter __knowledge__ The purpose of a standard photographic neutral-density filter is to reduce the amount of light entering the lens.", "Neutral-density filter __knowledge__ Doing so allows the photographer to select combinations of aperture, exposure time and sensor sensitivity that would otherwise produce overexposed pictures.", "Neutral-density filter __knowledge__ This is done to achieve effects such as a shallower depth of field or motion blur of a subject in a wider range of situations and atmospheric conditions." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 0 ]

[ "regret is a negative emotion where you feel bad for doing something", "regret is also related to percieved oppurtunity", "Its intensity varies over time after the decision as well", "yea i agree" ]

[ "Regret", "Regret", "Regret", "Regret" ]

[ "Sherlock Holmes", "Its really good, timeless classic", "Yea its influenced so many series over time as well.", "The american show House M.D. is baed off sherlock holmes" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ Sherlock Holmes () is a fictional private detective created by British author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ Referring to himself as a \"consulting detective\" in the stories, Holmes is known for his proficiency with observation, forensic science, and logical reasoning that borders on the fantastic, which he employs when investigating cases for a wide variety of clients, including Scotland Yard.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ First appearing in print in 1887 (in \"A Study in Scarlet\"), the character's popularity became widespread with the first series of short stories in \"The Strand Magazine\", beginning with \"A Scandal in Bohemia\" in 1891; additional tales appeared from then until 1927, eventually totalling four novels and 56 short stories.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ All but one are set in the Victorian or Edwardian eras, between about 1880 and 1914.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ Most are narrated by the character of Holmes's friend and biographer Dr. Watson, who usually accompanies Holmes during his investigations and often shares quarters with him at the address of 221B Baker Street, London, where many of the stories begin.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ Though not the first fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes is arguably the best known, with \"Guinness World Records\" listing him as the \"most portrayed movie character\" in history." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ Sherlock Holmes () is a fictional private detective created by British author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ Referring to himself as a \"consulting detective\" in the stories, Holmes is known for his proficiency with observation, forensic science, and logical reasoning that borders on the fantastic, which he employs when investigating cases for a wide variety of clients, including Scotland Yard.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ First appearing in print in 1887 (in \"A Study in Scarlet\"), the character's popularity became widespread with the first series of short stories in \"The Strand Magazine\", beginning with \"A Scandal in Bohemia\" in 1891; additional tales appeared from then until 1927, eventually totalling four novels and 56 short stories.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ All but one are set in the Victorian or Edwardian eras, between about 1880 and 1914.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ Most are narrated by the character of Holmes's friend and biographer Dr. Watson, who usually accompanies Holmes during his investigations and often shares quarters with him at the address of 221B Baker Street, London, where many of the stories begin.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ Though not the first fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes is arguably the best known, with \"Guinness World Records\" listing him as the \"most portrayed movie character\" in history.", "All I Want for Christmas Is You __knowledge__ \"All I Want for Christmas Is You\" is a Christmas song performed by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey.", "All I Want for Christmas Is You __knowledge__ She wrote and produced the song alongside Walter Afanasieff.", "All I Want for Christmas Is You __knowledge__ Columbia Records released it on November 1, 1994, as the lead single from her fourth studio album and first holiday album, \"Merry Christmas\" (1994).", "All I Want for Christmas Is You __knowledge__ It is an uptempo love song that includes bell chimes, heavy back-up vocals, and synthesizers.", "All I Want for Christmas Is You __knowledge__ Two music videos were commissioned for the song: the song's primary music video features grainy home-movie-style footage of Carey, her dogs and family during the holiday season, as well as Carey dressed in a Santa suit frolicking on a snowy mountainside.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ John J Mellencamp (born October 7, 1951), previously known as Johnny Cougar, John Cougar, and John Cougar Mellencamp, is an American musician, singer-songwriter, painter, and actor.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ He is known for his catchy, populist brand of heartland rock, which emphasizes traditional instrumentation.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ Mellencamp rose to fame in the 1980s while \"honing an almost startlingly plainspoken writing style that, starting in 1982, yielded a string of Top 10 singles\", including \"Hurts So Good\", \"Jack & Diane\", \"Crumblin' Down\", \"Pink Houses\", \"Lonely Ol' Night\", \"Small Town\", \"R.O.C.K.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ in the U.S.A.\", \"Paper in Fire\", and \"Cherry Bomb\".", "To Kill a Mockingbird __knowledge__ To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel by Harper Lee published in 1960.", "To Kill a Mockingbird __knowledge__ It was immediately successful, winning the Pulitzer Prize, and has become a classic of modern American literature.", "To Kill a Mockingbird __knowledge__ The plot and characters are loosely based on Lee's observations of her family, her neighbors and an event that occurred near her hometown of Monroeville, Alabama, in 1936, when she was 10 years old.", "To Kill a Mockingbird __knowledge__ The story is told by the six-year-old Jean Louise Finch.", "To Kill a Mockingbird __knowledge__ The novel is renowned for its warmth and humor, despite dealing with the serious issues of rape and racial inequality.", "To Kill a Mockingbird __knowledge__ The narrator's father, Atticus Finch, has served as a moral hero for many readers and as a model of integrity for lawyers.", "Safe (song) __knowledge__ \"Safe\" is a song by Irish pop group Westlife from their tenth and final studio album \"Gravity\" (2010) and this pop rock ballad was released on 14 November 2010 as the album's lead and only single in the United Kingdom.", "Safe (song) __knowledge__ It was written by John Shanks and James Grundler, and the single version was produced by Shanks, Richard \"Biff\" Stannard, and Ash Howes.", "Safe (song) __knowledge__ \"Safe\" debuted at number four in Ireland, becoming their twenty-fifth top ten single.", "Safe (song) __knowledge__ It charted at number ten in the UK, becoming their second-lowest-charting single to date.", "Safe (song) __knowledge__ The song was featured in the 2010 movie Dolphin Tale starring Morgan Freeman.", "Timeless (gene) __knowledge__ Timeless (tim) is a gene in multiple species but is most notable for its role in \"Drosophila\" for encoding TIM, an essential protein that regulates circadian rhythm.", "Timeless (gene) __knowledge__ \"Timeless\" mRNA and protein oscillate rhythmically with time as part of a transcription-translation negative feedback loop involving the \"period\" (\"per\") gene and its protein.", "Timeless (gene) __knowledge__ In 1994, \"timeless\" was discovered through forward genetic screening performed by Jeffery L. Price while working in the lab of Michael W. Young.", "Timeless (gene) __knowledge__ This gene was found when they noticed an arrhythmic \"tim\" mutant via a P element screen.", "Timeless (gene) __knowledge__ The tim mutation caused arrhythmic behavior, defined by the lack of ability to establish proper circadian rhythms.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ The 2015 AAA Texas 500 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held on November 8, 2015, at Texas Motor Speedway in Fort Worth, Texas.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Contested over 334 laps on the 1.5 mile (2.4 km) intermediate quad-oval, it was the 34th race of the 2015 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season, eighth race of the Chase and second race of the Eliminator Round.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Jimmie Johnson won the race, his fifth of the season.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Brad Keselowski finished second.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Kevin Harvick, Kyle Busch and Carl Edwards rounded out the top-five.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Keselowski won the pole for the race and led a race high of 312 laps on his way to a runner-up finish.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ The race had 15 lead changes among eight different drivers, as well as nine caution flag periods for 47 laps.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Sherlock Holmes pastiches __knowledge__ Sherlock Holmes has long been a popular character for pastiche, Holmes-related work by authors and creators other than Arthur Conan Doyle.", "Sherlock Holmes pastiches __knowledge__ Their works can be grouped into four broad categories: There can be found also many pop culture references to Sherlock Holmes.", "Sherlock Holmes pastiches __knowledge__ New Sherlock Holmes stories fall into many categories, including: In 1913 the Greek novel \"Sherlock Holmes saving Mr. Venizelos\" (\"Ο Σέρλοκ Χολμς σώζων τον κ. Βενιζέλον\") was serialized in the magazine \"Hellas\".", "Sherlock Holmes pastiches __knowledge__ Written by an anonymous author, it describes Holmes' attempts to save Eleftherios Venizelos from a Bulgarian organization's assassination plot during the London Conference of 1912–13.", "Adaptations of Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ The stories of Sherlock Holmes by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle were very popular as adaptations for the stage, and later film, and still later television.", "Adaptations of Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ The four-volumes of the \"Universal Sherlock Holmes\" (1995) compiled by Ronald B.", "Adaptations of Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ De Waal lists over 25,000 Holmes-related productions and products.", "Adaptations of Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ They include the original writings, \"together with the translations of these tales into sixty-three languages, plus Braille and shorthand, the writings about the Writings or higher criticism, writings about Sherlockians and their societies, memorials and memorabilia, games, puzzles and quizzes, phonograph records, audio and video tapes, compact discs, laser discs, ballets, films, musicals, operettas, oratorios, plays, radio and television programs, parodies and pastiches, children's books, cartoons, comics, and a multitude of other items — from advertisements to wine — that have accumulated throughout the world on the two most famous characters in literature.\"", "Minor Sherlock Holmes characters __knowledge__ This article features minor characters from the \"Sherlock Holmes\" stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, and from non-canonical derived works.", "Minor Sherlock Holmes characters __knowledge__ Inspector Baynes of the Surrey force appears in the two-part series \"The Adventure of Wisteria Lodge\", named (i) \"The singular experience of Mr John Scott Eccles\", and (ii) \"The Tiger of San Pedro\".", "Minor Sherlock Holmes characters __knowledge__ He is the only uniformed policeman in the books to have ever matched Sherlock Holmes in his investigative skills.", "Minor Sherlock Holmes characters __knowledge__ In this story, the reader finds that even despite working in different lines, they both arrive at the right conclusion and solve the mystery at the same time.", "Sherlock (TV series) __knowledge__ Sherlock is a crime drama television series based on Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes detective stories.", "Sherlock (TV series) __knowledge__ Created by Steven Moffat and Mark Gatiss, it stars Benedict Cumberbatch as Sherlock Holmes and Martin Freeman as Doctor John Watson.", "Sherlock (TV series) __knowledge__ Thirteen episodes have been produced, with four three-part series airing from 2010 to 2017, and a special episode that aired on 1 January 2016.", "Sherlock (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is set in the present day, while the one-off special features a Victorian period fantasy resembling the original Holmes stories.", "Sherlock (TV series) __knowledge__ \"Sherlock\" is a co-production of the British network BBC and the American station WGBH Boston for its \"Masterpiece\" anthology series on PBS, along with Hartswood Films, with Moffat, Gatiss, Sue Vertue and Rebecca Eaton serving as executive producers.", "Dr. Watson __knowledge__ John H. Watson, known as Dr. Watson, is a fictional character in the Sherlock Holmes stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.", "Dr. Watson __knowledge__ Watson is Sherlock Holmes' friend, assistant and sometime flatmate, and the first person narrator of all but four of these stories.", "Dr. Watson __knowledge__ He is described as the typical Victorian-era gentleman, unlike the more eccentric Holmes.", "Dr. Watson __knowledge__ He is astute, although he can never match his friend's deductive skills.", "Dr. Watson __knowledge__ Whilst retaining his role as Holmes's friend and confidant, Watson has been adapted in various films, television series, video games, comics and radio programmes.", "Dr. Watson __knowledge__ In Conan Doyle's early rough plot outlines, Sherlock Holmes's associate was named \"Ormond Sacker\" before Conan Doyle finally settled on \"John Watson\".", "Canon of Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ Traditionally, the canon of Sherlock Holmes consists of the 56 short stories and four novels written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.", "Canon of Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ In this context, the term \"canon\" is an attempt to distinguish between Doyle's original works and subsequent works by other authors using the same characters.", "Canon of Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ The traditional canon—usually capitalized by aficionados of the Sherlockian game as \"the Canon\"—consists of four novels and 56 short stories.", "Canon of Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ The description of these 60 adventures as the Sherlock Holmes canon and the game of applying the methods of \"Higher Criticism\" to it was started by Ronald Knox as a playful use of the traditional definition of Canon as an authoritative list of books accepted as Holy Scripture." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ Sherlock Holmes () is a fictional private detective created by British author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ Referring to himself as a \"consulting detective\" in the stories, Holmes is known for his proficiency with observation, forensic science, and logical reasoning that borders on the fantastic, which he employs when investigating cases for a wide variety of clients, including Scotland Yard.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ First appearing in print in 1887 (in \"A Study in Scarlet\"), the character's popularity became widespread with the first series of short stories in \"The Strand Magazine\", beginning with \"A Scandal in Bohemia\" in 1891; additional tales appeared from then until 1927, eventually totalling four novels and 56 short stories.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ All but one are set in the Victorian or Edwardian eras, between about 1880 and 1914.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ Most are narrated by the character of Holmes's friend and biographer Dr. Watson, who usually accompanies Holmes during his investigations and often shares quarters with him at the address of 221B Baker Street, London, where many of the stories begin.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ Though not the first fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes is arguably the best known, with \"Guinness World Records\" listing him as the \"most portrayed movie character\" in history.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Yea Big + Kid Static is a hip-hop duo formerly based out of Chicago, Illinois.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ The group's two members, Stefen Robinson and Moses Harris, Jr., have been working together since 2005.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ The duo of Yea Big + Kid Static was formed in late 2005 by Stefen Robinson (Yea Big) and Moses Harris, Jr. (Kid Static).", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Their work is a blend of sample-based experimental hip-hop, D.I.Y.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ punk, and roots music.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Yea Big + Kid Static has toured with bands as diverse as The Mae Shi, Rapider Than Horsepower, Bark Bark Bark and Gentleman Auction House; and released a digital-only side project, \"Secretary\", with Brad Breeck (of The Mae Shi) and Andrea Cochran.", "Federal Marriage Amendment __knowledge__ The Federal Marriage Amendment (FMA) (also referred to by proponents as the Marriage Protection Amendment) is a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution which would define marriage in the United States as a union of one man and one woman.", "Federal Marriage Amendment __knowledge__ The FMA would also prevent judicial extension of marriage rights to same-sex or other unmarried heterosexual couples.", "Federal Marriage Amendment __knowledge__ An amendment to the U.S. Constitution requires the support of two thirds of each house of Congress and ratification by three fourths of the states.", "Federal Marriage Amendment __knowledge__ The last Congressional vote on the proposed Amendment occurred in the United States House of Representatives on July 18, 2006, when the Amendment failed 236 to 187, falling short of the 290 votes required for passage in that body.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ 1776 is a musical with music and lyrics by Sherman Edwards and a book by Peter Stone.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ The story is based on the events surrounding the signing of the Declaration of Independence.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It dramatizes the efforts of John Adams to persuade his colleagues to vote for American independence and to sign the document.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It premiered on Broadway in 1969, earning warm reviews, and ran for 1,217 performances.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ The production was nominated for five Tony Awards and won three, including the Tony Award for Best Musical.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ In 1972 it was made into a film adaptation.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It was revived on Broadway in 1997.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ In 1925, Rodgers and Hart had written a musical about the American Revolution, called \"Dearest Enemy\".", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ The Shire of Yea was a local government area about northeast of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ The shire covered an area of , and existed from 1869 until 1994.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ The shire's population was dominated by the town of Yea.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ Yea was first incorporated as a road district on 1 February 1869, and became a shire on 28 November 1873.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ Its boundaries changed a number of times throughout its existence: The Shire was described in the 1949 Australian Blue Book as an elevated area given to pastoral and dairying pursuits, along with sheep and cattle grazing.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ By 1994, 51% of Yea's land was under cultivation as farmland, with the Kinglake National Park and Yea River Regional Park as well as the Murrindindi Forest, the latter being important to Yea's economy for timber production, accounting for much of the rest.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ Daniel R. Liljenquist (born July 10, 1974) is an American businessman and former politician.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He was a Republican member of the Utah State Senate representing the state's 23rd senate district in Davis County from January 2009 to December 2011.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He resigned to run in the 2012 election for U.S. Senate against 36-year-incumbent United States Senator Orrin Hatch.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ Liljenquist was defeated by Hatch in the primary election.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He currently consults on pension reform and healthcare.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He serves on the boards of the Lucy Burns Institute, which publishes Ballotpedia, and the Utah Debate Commission.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ Born in Nashville to Dr. John E. Liljenquist and Colleen Redford Liljenquist, he spent most of his childhood in Idaho Falls.", "Calallen High School __knowledge__ Calallen High School is a public high school serving grades 9–12.", "Calallen High School __knowledge__ The school is located in the Calallen Independent School District in northwest Corpus Christi, Texas.", "Calallen High School __knowledge__ The school is known for its Advanced Placement program, which ranks in the top 5 percent in the state of Texas.", "Calallen High School __knowledge__ The school is also known for its high athletic success in football, baseball, basketball, volleyball, and the Pride of Calallen Wildcat Band.", "Calallen High School __knowledge__ Calallen's name comes from Calvin Joseph (Cal) Allen (1859–1922), a prominent early rancher.", "Calallen High School __knowledge__ Allen owned a cattle ranch on which the Calallen Independent School District is now located.", "Xun You __knowledge__ Xun You (157–214), courtesy name Gongda, was a statesman who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty and served as an adviser to the warlord Cao Cao.", "Xun You __knowledge__ Born in the influential Xun family of Yingchuan Commandery (around present-day Xuchang, Henan), Xun You was recruited into the civil service by the general He Jin.", "Xun You __knowledge__ When the warlord Dong Zhuo hijacked and controlled the Han central government between 189 and 192, Xun You plotted with four others to assassinate him but was discovered and imprisoned.", "Xun You __knowledge__ Following his release after Dong Zhuo's death, he wanted to serve as the Administrator of Shu Commandery (around present-day Chengdu, Sichuan) but eventually settled as an official in Jing Province.", "Drug use in music __knowledge__ Drug use in music has been a topic of discussion and debate since at least the 1930s if not earlier.", "Drug use in music __knowledge__ As stated in the old saying 'wine, women and song', association of music with using various substances go back centuries.", "Drug use in music __knowledge__ References to recreational drug use in various forms have been common as the modern record industry developed, particularly in terms of popular music genres such as pop rock singles, dance releases, and the like.", "Drug use in music __knowledge__ Social, cultural, legal, and economic challenges to the existence of music referring to recreational drugs have prompted several studies on the link between such references and increased usage among teens and young adults.", "Atlanta High School (Texas) __knowledge__ Atlanta High School is a public high school located in Atlanta, Texas (USA).", "Atlanta High School (Texas) __knowledge__ It is classified as a 4A school by the UIL.", "Atlanta High School (Texas) __knowledge__ It is part of the Atlanta Independent School District located in northeast Cass County which shares a border with the Queen City Independent School District.", "Atlanta High School (Texas) __knowledge__ In 2015, the school was rated \"Met Standard\" by the Texas Education Agency.", "Atlanta High School (Texas) __knowledge__ The Atlanta Rabbits compete in the following sports: \"Atlanta (UIL)\" \"Atlanta (UIL)\" \"Atlanta Pruitt (PVIL)\" Atlanta High School proudly showcases the 'Big Bad Band from Rabbitland'.", "Atlanta High School (Texas) __knowledge__ The band most recently placed 14th at the 2006 3A State Marching Contest, 5th at the 2008 3A Texas State Marching Contest, 8th at the 2010 3A Texas State Marching Contest, 8th at the 2012 3A Texas State Marching Contest, 7th at the 2014 4A Texas State Marching Contest and 10th at the 2016 State Marching Contest.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk (Oglala Lakota: \"Čhetáŋ Kiŋyáŋ\" in Standard Lakota Orthography; a/k/a Moses Flying Hawk; March 1854 – December 24, 1931) was an Oglala Lakota warrior, historian, educator and philosopher.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk's life chronicles the history of the Oglala Lakota people through the 19th and early 20th centuries, as he fought to deflect the worst effects of white rule; educate his people and preserve sacred Oglala Lakota land and heritage.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Chief Flying Hawk was a combatant in Red Cloud's War and in nearly all of the fights with the U.S. Army during the Great Sioux War of 1876.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ He fought alongside his first cousin Crazy Horse and his brothers Kicking Bear and Black Fox II in the Battle of the Little Big Horn in 1876, and was present at the death of Crazy Horse in 1877 and the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1890.", "Robert Edmund Strahorn __knowledge__ Robert Edmund Strahorn (May 15, 1852 – March 31, 1944) is notable in American history as a war correspondent with the New York Times, Chicago Tribune and the Rocky Mountain News during the Great Sioux War of 1876, a scout and publicist for the Union Pacific Railroad, and a visionary builder of the Pacific Northwest.", "Robert Edmund Strahorn __knowledge__ Strahorn was a journalist and adventurer who shaped images of the American West.", "Robert Edmund Strahorn __knowledge__ No man knew the West as he knew it, and few persons had a more active or important if less prominent part in the building of the West.", "Robert Edmund Strahorn __knowledge__ Robert Edmund Strahorn was born near Bellefonte, Centre County, Pennsylvania, on May 15, 1852.", "Battle of Slim Buttes __knowledge__ The Battle of Slim Buttes was fought on September 9 and 10, 1876, in the Great Sioux Reservation in the Dakota Territory, between the United States Army and the Sioux.", "Battle of Slim Buttes __knowledge__ The Battle of Slim Buttes was the first U.S. Army victory of the Great Sioux War of 1876 after George Armstrong Custer's defeat at the Battle of Little Bighorn on June 25 and 26, 1876.", "Battle of Slim Buttes __knowledge__ Brigadier General George Crook, one of the U.S. Army’s ablest Indian fighters, led the \"Horsemeat March,\" one of the most grueling military expeditions in U.S. history, destroying Oglala Chief American Horse’s village at Slim Buttes and repelling a counter-attack by Crazy Horse." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ Sherlock Holmes () is a fictional private detective created by British author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ Referring to himself as a \"consulting detective\" in the stories, Holmes is known for his proficiency with observation, forensic science, and logical reasoning that borders on the fantastic, which he employs when investigating cases for a wide variety of clients, including Scotland Yard.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ First appearing in print in 1887 (in \"A Study in Scarlet\"), the character's popularity became widespread with the first series of short stories in \"The Strand Magazine\", beginning with \"A Scandal in Bohemia\" in 1891; additional tales appeared from then until 1927, eventually totalling four novels and 56 short stories.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ All but one are set in the Victorian or Edwardian eras, between about 1880 and 1914.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ Most are narrated by the character of Holmes's friend and biographer Dr. Watson, who usually accompanies Holmes during his investigations and often shares quarters with him at the address of 221B Baker Street, London, where many of the stories begin.", "Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ Though not the first fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes is arguably the best known, with \"Guinness World Records\" listing him as the \"most portrayed movie character\" in history.", "Sherlock Holmes pastiches __knowledge__ Sherlock Holmes has long been a popular character for pastiche, Holmes-related work by authors and creators other than Arthur Conan Doyle.", "Sherlock Holmes pastiches __knowledge__ Their works can be grouped into four broad categories: There can be found also many pop culture references to Sherlock Holmes.", "Sherlock Holmes pastiches __knowledge__ New Sherlock Holmes stories fall into many categories, including: In 1913 the Greek novel \"Sherlock Holmes saving Mr. Venizelos\" (\"Ο Σέρλοκ Χολμς σώζων τον κ. Βενιζέλον\") was serialized in the magazine \"Hellas\".", "Sherlock Holmes pastiches __knowledge__ Written by an anonymous author, it describes Holmes' attempts to save Eleftherios Venizelos from a Bulgarian organization's assassination plot during the London Conference of 1912–13.", "Adaptations of Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ The stories of Sherlock Holmes by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle were very popular as adaptations for the stage, and later film, and still later television.", "Adaptations of Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ The four-volumes of the \"Universal Sherlock Holmes\" (1995) compiled by Ronald B.", "Adaptations of Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ De Waal lists over 25,000 Holmes-related productions and products.", "Adaptations of Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ They include the original writings, \"together with the translations of these tales into sixty-three languages, plus Braille and shorthand, the writings about the Writings or higher criticism, writings about Sherlockians and their societies, memorials and memorabilia, games, puzzles and quizzes, phonograph records, audio and video tapes, compact discs, laser discs, ballets, films, musicals, operettas, oratorios, plays, radio and television programs, parodies and pastiches, children's books, cartoons, comics, and a multitude of other items — from advertisements to wine — that have accumulated throughout the world on the two most famous characters in literature.\"", "Minor Sherlock Holmes characters __knowledge__ This article features minor characters from the \"Sherlock Holmes\" stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, and from non-canonical derived works.", "Minor Sherlock Holmes characters __knowledge__ Inspector Baynes of the Surrey force appears in the two-part series \"The Adventure of Wisteria Lodge\", named (i) \"The singular experience of Mr John Scott Eccles\", and (ii) \"The Tiger of San Pedro\".", "Minor Sherlock Holmes characters __knowledge__ He is the only uniformed policeman in the books to have ever matched Sherlock Holmes in his investigative skills.", "Minor Sherlock Holmes characters __knowledge__ In this story, the reader finds that even despite working in different lines, they both arrive at the right conclusion and solve the mystery at the same time.", "Canon of Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ Traditionally, the canon of Sherlock Holmes consists of the 56 short stories and four novels written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.", "Canon of Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ In this context, the term \"canon\" is an attempt to distinguish between Doyle's original works and subsequent works by other authors using the same characters.", "Canon of Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ The traditional canon—usually capitalized by aficionados of the Sherlockian game as \"the Canon\"—consists of four novels and 56 short stories.", "Canon of Sherlock Holmes __knowledge__ The description of these 60 adventures as the Sherlock Holmes canon and the game of applying the methods of \"Higher Criticism\" to it was started by Ronald Knox as a playful use of the traditional definition of Canon as an authoritative list of books accepted as Holy Scripture.", "Dr. Watson __knowledge__ John H. Watson, known as Dr. Watson, is a fictional character in the Sherlock Holmes stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.", "Dr. Watson __knowledge__ Watson is Sherlock Holmes' friend, assistant and sometime flatmate, and the first person narrator of all but four of these stories.", "Dr. Watson __knowledge__ He is described as the typical Victorian-era gentleman, unlike the more eccentric Holmes.", "Dr. Watson __knowledge__ He is astute, although he can never match his friend's deductive skills.", "Dr. Watson __knowledge__ Whilst retaining his role as Holmes's friend and confidant, Watson has been adapted in various films, television series, video games, comics and radio programmes.", "Dr. Watson __knowledge__ In Conan Doyle's early rough plot outlines, Sherlock Holmes's associate was named \"Ormond Sacker\" before Conan Doyle finally settled on \"John Watson\".", "Sherlock (TV series) __knowledge__ Sherlock is a crime drama television series based on Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes detective stories.", "Sherlock (TV series) __knowledge__ Created by Steven Moffat and Mark Gatiss, it stars Benedict Cumberbatch as Sherlock Holmes and Martin Freeman as Doctor John Watson.", "Sherlock (TV series) __knowledge__ Thirteen episodes have been produced, with four three-part series airing from 2010 to 2017, and a special episode that aired on 1 January 2016.", "Sherlock (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is set in the present day, while the one-off special features a Victorian period fantasy resembling the original Holmes stories.", "Sherlock (TV series) __knowledge__ \"Sherlock\" is a co-production of the British network BBC and the American station WGBH Boston for its \"Masterpiece\" anthology series on PBS, along with Hartswood Films, with Moffat, Gatiss, Sue Vertue and Rebecca Eaton serving as executive producers.", "Agatha Christie __knowledge__ Dame Agatha () Mary Clarissa Christie, Lady Mallowan, DBE (\"née\" Miller; 15 September 1890 – 12 January 1976) was an English writer.", "Agatha Christie __knowledge__ She is known for her 66 detective novels and 14 short story collections, particularly those revolving around her fictional detectives Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple.", "Agatha Christie __knowledge__ Christie also wrote the world's longest-running play, a murder mystery, \"The Mousetrap\", and six romances under the name Mary Westmacott.", "Agatha Christie __knowledge__ In 1971 she was elevated to Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) for her contribution to literature.", "Agatha Christie __knowledge__ Christie was born into a wealthy upper-middle-class family in Torquay, Devon.", "English literature __knowledge__ This article is focused on English-language literature rather than the literature of England, so that it includes writers from Scotland, Wales, and the whole of Ireland, as well as literature in English from countries of the former British Empire, including the United States.", "English literature __knowledge__ However, until the early 19th century, it only deals with the literature of the United Kingdom and Ireland.", "English literature __knowledge__ It does not include literature written in the other languages of Britain.", "English literature __knowledge__ The English language has developed over the course of more than 1,400 years.", "English literature __knowledge__ The earliest forms of English, a set of Anglo-Frisian dialects brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the fifth century, are called Old English.", "Erast Fandorin __knowledge__ Erast Petrovich Fandorin () is a fictional 19th-century Russian detective and the hero of a series of Russian historical detective novels by Boris Akunin.", "Erast Fandorin __knowledge__ The first Fandorin novel (The Winter Queen, rus.", "Erast Fandorin __knowledge__ - Азазель) was published in Russia in 1998, and the latest and the last one was published in November 2012 (The Black City, rus.", "Erast Fandorin __knowledge__ - Чёрный город).", "Erast Fandorin __knowledge__ More than 15 million copies of Fandorin novels have been sold as of May 2006, even though the novels were freely available from many Russian web-sites and the hard-copies were relatively expensive by Russian standards.", "Erast Fandorin __knowledge__ New books in the Fandorin series typically sell over 200,000 copies in the first week alone, with an unparalleled (for mystery novels) first edition of 50,000 copies for the first books to 500,000 copies for the last.", "Detective fiction __knowledge__ Detective fiction is a subgenre of crime fiction and mystery fiction in which an investigator or a detective—either professional, amateur or retired—investigates a crime, often murder.", "Detective fiction __knowledge__ The detective genre began around the same time as speculative fiction and other genre fiction in the mid-nineteenth century and has remained extremely popular, particularly in novels.", "Detective fiction __knowledge__ Some of the most famous heroes of detective fiction include C. Auguste Dupin, Sherlock Holmes, and Hercule Poirot.", "Detective fiction __knowledge__ Juvenile stories featuring The Hardy Boys, Nancy Drew, and The Boxcar Children have also remained in print for several decades.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ Genre fiction, also known as popular fiction, is plot-driven fictional works written with the intent of fitting into a specific literary genre, in order to appeal to readers and fans already familiar with that genre.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ Genre fiction is generally distinguished from literary fiction.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ Some writing may be considered both literary and genre, such as the science fiction writing of Nobel laureate Doris Lessing and Margaret Atwood.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ Georges Simenon, the creator of the Maigret detective novels, has been described by André Gide as 'the most novelistic of novelists in French literature'.", "Genre fiction __knowledge__ The main genres are crime, fantasy, romance, science fiction, western, inspirational and horror." ] ]

[ 0, 3, 3, 0 ]

[ "Sherlock Holmes is such a great novel series don't you think?", "It's crazy to think that the first of it's kind appeared in the 1800's! So much history.", "I bet it is one of the most groundbreaking detective novels of all time. I'm not familiar with direct influences but I know that there were at least 56 short stories that stemmed from it.", "I've heard of that show but never seen it myself. Is it based in the Edwardian era like the book?" ]

[ "Sherlock Holmes", "Sherlock Holmes", "Sherlock Holmes", "Sherlock Holmes" ]

[ "Widow\nDo you know any widowed woman?", "Thats a good virtue.Who is a widow? ", "So you mean a widow is a person who stays humble and keep good morals?", "OK then! If a woman is a widow ,what then do we call the man who suffers same fate?", "OK ,thank for appreciating widows." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died and a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The treatment of widows and widowers around the world varies.", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died, while a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The state of having lost one's spouse to death is termed \"widowhood\".", "Widow __knowledge__ These terms are not applied to a divorcé(e) following the death of an ex-spouse.", "Widow __knowledge__ The term \"widowhood\" can be used for either sex, at least according to some dictionaries, but the word \"widowerhood\" is also listed in some dictionaries.", "Widow __knowledge__ Occasionally, the word \"viduity\" is used.", "Widow __knowledge__ The adjective for either sex is \"widowed\".", "Widow __knowledge__ In societies where the husband is the sole provider, his death can leave his family destitute.", "Widow __knowledge__ The tendency for women generally to outlive men can compound this, as can men in many societies marrying women younger than themselves.", "Widow __knowledge__ In some patriarchal societies, widows may maintain economic independence.", "Widow __knowledge__ A woman would carry on her spouse's business and be accorded certain rights, such as entering guilds.", "Widow __knowledge__ More recently, widows of political figures have been among the first women elected to high office in many countries, such as Corazón Aquino or Isabel Martínez de Perón.", "Custom of Paris in New France __knowledge__ The Custom of Paris () was one of France's regional custumals of civil law.", "Custom of Paris in New France __knowledge__ It was the law of the land in Paris and the surrounding region in the 16th-18th centuries and was applied to French overseas colonies, including New France.", "Custom of Paris in New France __knowledge__ First written in 1507 and revised in 1580 and 1605, the Custom of Paris was a compilation and systematization of Renaissance-era customary law.", "Custom of Paris in New France __knowledge__ Divided into 16 sections, it contained 362 articles concerning family and inheritance, property, and debt recovery.", "Custom of Paris in New France __knowledge__ It was the main source of law in New France from the earliest settlement, but other provincial customs were sometimes invoked in the early period.", "List of The Waltons characters __knowledge__ \"The Waltons\" is an American television series that aired for nine seasons (1972–1981) on CBS.", "List of The Waltons characters __knowledge__ A further six TV movies aired in the 1980s and 1990s.", "List of The Waltons characters __knowledge__ Below is a list of the series characters and the actors that portrayed them.", "List of The Waltons characters __knowledge__ John Walton Jr. (Richard Thomas, pilot, seasons 1–5, two guest shots in season 6; and three 1990s movies; Robert Wightman, seasons 8–9, 1982 movies).", "List of The Waltons characters __knowledge__ Known throughout the series as \"John-Boy\"; born in 1916, son of Olivia Walton (née Daly) and John Walton Sr. John-Boy is based on author Earl Hamner Jr., who narrates the opening and closing of each episode as the present-day, adult John-Boy.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "Brenda Blethyn __knowledge__ Brenda Anne Blethyn, OBE (née Bottle; 20 February 1946) is an English actress.", "Brenda Blethyn __knowledge__ She has worked in film, television, and on stage.", "Brenda Blethyn __knowledge__ She is known for her role in Mike Leigh's award-winning 1996 drama film \"Secrets & Lies\", and, since 2011, for her performance as the titular character in the television series \"Vera\".", "Brenda Blethyn __knowledge__ Born into a working class home, Blethyn pursued an administrative career until her early 30s before enrolling in the Guildford School of Acting after the dissolution of her marriage in 1973.", "Brenda Blethyn __knowledge__ She subsequently joined the Royal National Theatre and received credits for her performances in \"Troilus and Cressida\" (1976) and \"Mysteries\" (1979).", "Women in heraldry __knowledge__ Due to the differing role of women in past society, special rules grew relating to the blazoning of arms for women.", "Women in heraldry __knowledge__ The rules for women and heraldry developed differently from place to place and there is no one single rule that applies everywhere.", "Women in heraldry __knowledge__ In general, arms of women were most likely depicted not on shields but on lonzeges or ovals.", "Women in heraldry __knowledge__ Different rules exist that depend on the woman's marital status and a married woman would also often make use of her husband's arms in addition to those from her family.", "Women in heraldry __knowledge__ In both the English and the Scottish systems of heraldry these differences remain active.", "Women in heraldry __knowledge__ Heraldry has its origins from associations with warfare and the age of chivalry.", "Women in Hinduism __knowledge__ Hindu texts present diverse and conflicting views on the position of women, ranging from feminine leadership as the highest goddess, to limiting her role to an obedient daughter, housewife and mother.", "Women in Hinduism __knowledge__ The \"Devi Sukta\" hymn of Rigveda, a scripture of Hinduism, declares the feminine energy as the essence of the universe, the one who creates all matter and consciousness, the eternal and infinite, the metaphysical and empirical reality (Brahman), the soul (supreme self) of everything.", "Women in Hinduism __knowledge__ The woman is celebrated as the most powerful and the empowering force in some Hindu Upanishads, Sastras and Puranas, particularly the Devi Upanishad, Devi Mahatmya and Devi-Bhagavata Purana.", "Wife __knowledge__ A wife is a female partner in a continuing marital relationship.", "Wife __knowledge__ A wife refers to a woman.", "Wife __knowledge__ The term continues to be applied to a woman who has separated from her partner, and ceases to be applied to such a woman only when her marriage has come to an end, following a legally recognized divorce or the death of her spouse.", "Wife __knowledge__ On the death of her partner, a wife is referred to as a widow, but not after she is divorced from her partner.", "Wife __knowledge__ The rights and obligations of a wife in relation to her partner and her status in the community and in law vary between cultures and have varied over time.", "Wife __knowledge__ The word is of Germanic origin, from Proto-Germanic *\"wībam\", \"woman\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died and a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The treatment of widows and widowers around the world varies.", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died, while a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The state of having lost one's spouse to death is termed \"widowhood\".", "Widow __knowledge__ These terms are not applied to a divorcé(e) following the death of an ex-spouse.", "Widow __knowledge__ The term \"widowhood\" can be used for either sex, at least according to some dictionaries, but the word \"widowerhood\" is also listed in some dictionaries.", "Widow __knowledge__ Occasionally, the word \"viduity\" is used.", "Widow __knowledge__ The adjective for either sex is \"widowed\".", "Widow __knowledge__ In societies where the husband is the sole provider, his death can leave his family destitute.", "Widow __knowledge__ The tendency for women generally to outlive men can compound this, as can men in many societies marrying women younger than themselves.", "Widow __knowledge__ In some patriarchal societies, widows may maintain economic independence.", "Widow __knowledge__ A woman would carry on her spouse's business and be accorded certain rights, such as entering guilds.", "Widow __knowledge__ More recently, widows of political figures have been among the first women elected to high office in many countries, such as Corazón Aquino or Isabel Martínez de Perón.", "De (Chinese) __knowledge__ De (; ) is a key concept in Chinese philosophy, usually translated \"inherent character; inner power; integrity\" in Taoism, \"moral character; virtue; morality\" in Confucianism and other contexts, and \"quality; virtue\" (\"guna\") or \"merit; virtuous deeds\" (\"punya\") in Chinese Buddhism.", "De (Chinese) __knowledge__ Chinese \"de\" 德 is an ancient and linguistically complex word.", "De (Chinese) __knowledge__ The following analyzes it in terms of semantics, graphics, and etymology.", "De (Chinese) __knowledge__ The \"Hanyu Da Zidian\", defines twenty meanings for \"de\" 德, translatable as This dictionary provides early usage examples, and all of these \"de\" meanings occur in Han or pre-Han Chinese classic texts, except for number 17 (\"de\" abbreviating \"Deutschland\").", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The Nicomachean Ethics (; Greek: Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια) is the name normally given to Aristotle's best-known work on ethics.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The work, which plays a pre-eminent role in defining Aristotelian ethics, consists of ten books, originally separate scrolls, and is understood to be based on notes from his lectures at the Lyceum.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The title is often assumed to refer to his son Nicomachus, to whom the work was dedicated or who may have edited it (although his young age makes this less likely).", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ Alternatively, the work may have been dedicated to his father, who was also called Nicomachus.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, of how men should best live.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "Nelson Mandela __knowledge__ Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (; 18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013) was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, political leader, and philanthropist, who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.", "Nelson Mandela __knowledge__ He was the country's first black head of state and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election.", "Nelson Mandela __knowledge__ His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid by tackling institutionalised racism and fostering racial reconciliation.", "Nelson Mandela __knowledge__ Ideologically an African nationalist and socialist, he served as President of the African National Congress (ANC) party from 1991 to 1997.", "Nelson Mandela __knowledge__ A Xhosa, Mandela was born to the Thembu royal family in Mvezo, British South Africa.", "Virtue ethics __knowledge__ Virtue ethics (or aretaic ethics , from Greek ἀρετή (\"arete\")) are normative ethical theories which emphasize virtues of mind and character.", "Virtue ethics __knowledge__ Virtue ethicists discuss the nature and definition of virtues and other related problems.", "Virtue ethics __knowledge__ For example, how are virtues acquired?", "Virtue ethics __knowledge__ How are they applied in various real life contexts?", "Virtue ethics __knowledge__ Are virtues rooted in a universal human nature or in a plurality of cultures?", "Virtue ethics __knowledge__ The western tradition's key concepts derive from ancient Greek philosophy.", "Virtue ethics __knowledge__ These concepts include \"arete\" (excellence or virtue), \"phronesis\" (practical or moral wisdom), and \"eudaimonia\" (flourishing).", "Virtue __knowledge__ Virtue (, \"arete\") is moral excellence.", "Virtue __knowledge__ A virtue is a trait or quality that is deemed to be morally good and thus is valued as a foundation of principle and good moral being.", "Virtue __knowledge__ Personal virtues are characteristics valued as promoting collective and individual greatness.", "Virtue __knowledge__ The opposite of virtue is vice.", "Virtue __knowledge__ The four classic cardinal virtues are temperance, prudence, courage, and justice.", "Virtue __knowledge__ Christianity derives the three theological virtues of faith, hope and love (charity) from 1 Corinthians.", "Virtue __knowledge__ Together these make up the seven virtues.", "Virtue __knowledge__ Buddhism's four brahmavihara (\"Divine States\") can be regarded as virtues in the European sense.", "Eudaimonia __knowledge__ Eudaimonia (Greek: ), sometimes anglicized as eudaemonia or eudemonia , is a Greek word commonly translated as happiness or welfare; however, \"human flourishing\" has been proposed as a more accurate translation.", "Eudaimonia __knowledge__ Etymologically, it consists of the words \"\"eu\"\" (\"good\") and \"\"daimōn\"\" (\"spirit\").", "Eudaimonia __knowledge__ It is a central concept in Aristotelian ethics and political philosophy, along with the terms \"aretē\", most often translated as \"virtue\" or \"excellence\", and \"phronesis\", often translated as \"practical or ethical wisdom\".", "Eudaimonia __knowledge__ In Aristotle's works, eudaimonia (based on older Greek tradition) was used as the term for the highest human good, and so it is the aim of practical philosophy, including ethics and political philosophy, to consider (and also experience) what it really is, and how it can be achieved.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Moral disengagement __knowledge__ Moral disengagement is a term from social psychology for the process of convincing the self that ethical standards do not apply to oneself in a particular context.", "Moral disengagement __knowledge__ This is done by separating moral reactions from inhumane conduct and disabling the mechanism of self-condemnation.", "Moral disengagement __knowledge__ Thus, moral disengagement involves a process of cognitive re-construing or re-framing of destructive behavior as being morally acceptable without changing the behavior or the moral standards.", "Moral disengagement __knowledge__ In social cognitive theory of morality, self-regulatory mechanisms embedded in moral standards and self-sanctions translate moral reasoning into actions, and, as a result, moral agency is exerted.", "Empathy __knowledge__ Empathy is the capacity to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from within the other person's frame of reference, i.e., the capacity to place oneself in another's position.", "Empathy __knowledge__ There are many definitions for empathy that encompass a broad range of emotional states.", "Empathy __knowledge__ Types of empathy include cognitive empathy, emotional empathy, and empathy.", "Empathy __knowledge__ The English word \"empathy\" is derived from the Ancient Greek word εμπάθεια (\"empatheia\", meaning \"physical affection or passion\").", "Empathy __knowledge__ This, in turn, comes from εν (\"en\", \"in, at\") and πάθος (\"pathos\", \"passion\" or \"suffering\").", "Empathy __knowledge__ The term was adapted by Hermann Lotze and Robert Vischer to create the German word \"Einfühlung\" (\"feeling into\"), which was translated by Edward B. Titchener into the English term empathy.", "Compassion __knowledge__ Compassion motivates people to go out of their way to help the physical, mental or emotional pains of another and themselves.", "Compassion __knowledge__ Compassion is often regarded as having sensitivity, an emotional aspect to suffering, though when based on cerebral notions such as fairness, justice, and interdependence, it may be considered rational in nature and its application understood as an activity also based on sound judgment.", "Compassion __knowledge__ There is also an aspect of equal dimension, such that individual's compassion is often given a property of \"depth\", \"vigour\", or \"passion\".", "Compassion __knowledge__ The etymology of \"compassion\" is Latin, meaning \"co-suffering.\"", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "Forgiveness __knowledge__ Forgiveness is the intentional and voluntary process by which a victim undergoes a change in feelings and attitude regarding an offense, lets go of negative emotions such as vengefulness, with an increased ability to wish the offender well.", "Forgiveness __knowledge__ Forgiveness is different from condoning (failing to see the action as wrong and in need of forgiveness), excusing (not holding the offender as responsible for the action), forgetting (removing awareness of the offense from consciousness), pardoning (granted for an acknowledged offense by a representative of society, such as a judge), and reconciliation (restoration of a relationship)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died and a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The treatment of widows and widowers around the world varies.", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died, while a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The state of having lost one's spouse to death is termed \"widowhood\".", "Widow __knowledge__ These terms are not applied to a divorcé(e) following the death of an ex-spouse.", "Widow __knowledge__ The term \"widowhood\" can be used for either sex, at least according to some dictionaries, but the word \"widowerhood\" is also listed in some dictionaries.", "Widow __knowledge__ Occasionally, the word \"viduity\" is used.", "Widow __knowledge__ The adjective for either sex is \"widowed\".", "Widow __knowledge__ In societies where the husband is the sole provider, his death can leave his family destitute.", "Widow __knowledge__ The tendency for women generally to outlive men can compound this, as can men in many societies marrying women younger than themselves.", "Widow __knowledge__ In some patriarchal societies, widows may maintain economic independence.", "Widow __knowledge__ A woman would carry on her spouse's business and be accorded certain rights, such as entering guilds.", "Widow __knowledge__ More recently, widows of political figures have been among the first women elected to high office in many countries, such as Corazón Aquino or Isabel Martínez de Perón.", "Henry L. Langhaar __knowledge__ Henry Louis Langhaar (October 14, 1909 – September 28, 1992) was a mathematician, engineer, researcher, educator, and author in the field of engineering mechanics.", "Henry L. Langhaar __knowledge__ In 1978, he retired as Professor Emeritus, after 31 years in the Department of Theoretical & Applied Mechanics (TAM) at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.", "Henry L. Langhaar __knowledge__ His interests spanned fluid and solid mechanics, and specific research areas included aircraft structures, plates and shells, and buckling theory.", "Henry L. Langhaar __knowledge__ Langhaar was born on October 14, 1909 in Bristol, Connecticut.", "Henry L. Langhaar __knowledge__ He attended high school in Hackettstown, New Jersey.", "Henry L. Langhaar __knowledge__ He received his bachelor’s and master’s degrees in mechanical engineering from Lehigh University in 1931 and 1933, respectively.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ It ran on for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005 and it is followed by \"The Dumping Ground\" that has aired since 2013.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ Dani Harmer and Lisa Coleman reprised their roles as Tracy Beaker and Cam Lawson for \"Tracy Beaker Returns\".", "List of Tracy Beaker Returns characters __knowledge__ Gina Conway, played by Kay Purcell, is a careworker at \"Elm Tree House\" in \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" and the first series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "Camilla (Burney novel) __knowledge__ Camilla, subtitled \"A Picture of Youth\", is a novel by Frances Burney, first published in 1796.", "Camilla (Burney novel) __knowledge__ \"Camilla\" deals with the matrimonial concerns of a group of young people: Camilla Tyrold and her sisters, the sweet tempered Lavinia and the deformed, but extremely kind, Eugenia, and their cousin, the beautiful Indiana Lynmere - and in particular, with the love affair between Camilla herself and her eligible suitor, Edgar Mandlebert.", "Camilla (Burney novel) __knowledge__ They have many hardships, however, caused by misunderstandings and mistakes, in the path of true love.", "Camilla (Burney novel) __knowledge__ An enormously popular eighteenth-century novel, \"Camilla\" is touched at many points by the advancing spirit of romanticism.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Sexual harassment __knowledge__ Sexual harassment is bullying or coercion of a sexual nature, or the unwelcome or inappropriate promise of rewards in exchange for sexual favors.", "Sexual harassment __knowledge__ In most modern legal contexts, sexual harassment is illegal.", "Sexual harassment __knowledge__ As defined by the United States' Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), \"It is unlawful to harass a person (an applicant or employee) because of that person's sex.\"", "Sexual harassment __knowledge__ Harassment can include \"sexual harassment\" or unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical harassment of a sexual nature.", "Sexual harassment __knowledge__ The legal definition of sexual harassment varies by jurisdiction.", "Law of obligations (Bulgaria) __knowledge__ In Bulgaria, the law of obligations is set out by the Obligations and Contracts Act (OCA).", "Law of obligations (Bulgaria) __knowledge__ According to art.", "Law of obligations (Bulgaria) __knowledge__ 20a OCA contracts shall have the force of a law for the parties that have concluded them.", "Law of obligations (Bulgaria) __knowledge__ In Bulgaria the contract is one of the prerequisites for the development of obligatory relations.", "Law of obligations (Bulgaria) __knowledge__ The term contract refers to a bilateral legal transaction, which consists of two declarations of intent (offer and acceptance) hat must be linked to each other and match in their contents.", "Law of obligations (Bulgaria) __knowledge__ A contract is considered concluded from the moment in which the acceptance reaches the offeror (art.", "Law of obligations (Bulgaria) __knowledge__ 14 OCA).", "Law of obligations (Bulgaria) __knowledge__ The parties conclude the contract, because they have as their object the occurrence of certain legal consequences.", "Henry Worth Thornton __knowledge__ Sir Henry Worth Thornton, KBE (November 6, 1871 – March 14, 1933) was a businessman and president of Canadian National Railways.", "Henry Worth Thornton __knowledge__ His parents were Henry Clay Thornton and Millamenta Comegys Worth.", "Henry Worth Thornton __knowledge__ Henry W. Thornton married Virginia D. Blair, from a prominent Pittsburgh family, on June 20, 1901; They had two children: James Worth Thornton and Anna Blair Thornton (Harrison).", "Henry Worth Thornton __knowledge__ In 1926 Sir Henry divorced his wife.", "Henry Worth Thornton __knowledge__ He remarried shortly thereafter to Martha Watriss, daughter of prominent attorney and Nassau County Commissioner Frederick N. Watriss.", "Henry Worth Thornton __knowledge__ Thornton was General Superintendent of the Long Island Rail Road from 1911 to 1914 and General Manager of the Great Eastern Railway in England from 1914 to 1922.", "Humble Bundle __knowledge__ Humble Bundle, Inc. is a digital storefront for video games, which grew out of its original offering of Humble Bundles, collections of games sold at a price determined by the purchaser and with a portion of the price going towards charity and the rest split between the game developers.", "Humble Bundle __knowledge__ Humble Bundle continues to offer these limited-time bundles, but have expanded to include a persistent storefront.", "Humble Bundle __knowledge__ The Humble Bundle concept was initially run by Wolfire Games in 2010, but by its second bundle, the Humble Bundle company was spun out to manage the promotion, payments, and distribution of the bundles.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died and a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The treatment of widows and widowers around the world varies.", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died, while a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The state of having lost one's spouse to death is termed \"widowhood\".", "Widow __knowledge__ These terms are not applied to a divorcé(e) following the death of an ex-spouse.", "Widow __knowledge__ The term \"widowhood\" can be used for either sex, at least according to some dictionaries, but the word \"widowerhood\" is also listed in some dictionaries.", "Widow __knowledge__ Occasionally, the word \"viduity\" is used.", "Widow __knowledge__ The adjective for either sex is \"widowed\".", "Widow __knowledge__ In societies where the husband is the sole provider, his death can leave his family destitute.", "Widow __knowledge__ The tendency for women generally to outlive men can compound this, as can men in many societies marrying women younger than themselves.", "Widow __knowledge__ In some patriarchal societies, widows may maintain economic independence.", "Widow __knowledge__ A woman would carry on her spouse's business and be accorded certain rights, such as entering guilds.", "Widow __knowledge__ More recently, widows of political figures have been among the first women elected to high office in many countries, such as Corazón Aquino or Isabel Martínez de Perón.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ Sati or suttee is an obsolete funeral custom where a widow immolates herself on her husband's pyre or takes her own life in another fashion shortly after her husband's death.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ Mention of the practice can be dated back to the 3rd century BC, while evidence of practice by widows of kings only appears beginning between the 5th and 9th centuries CE.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ The practice is considered to have originated within the warrior aristocracy in India, gradually gaining in popularity from the 10th century AD and spreading to other groups from the 12th through 18th century CE.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ The practice was particularly prevalent among some Hindu communities, observed in aristocratic Sikh families, and has been attested to outside South Asia in a number of localities in Southeast Asia, such as in Indonesia and Vietnam.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica is the daughter of Janice and Bobby Baccalieri.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She was born sometime in 2005, after her parents got married.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Getting her registered for a pre-school was the reason why Janice and Bobby were not able to take care of Junior the night he shot Tony.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica rode the amusement ride with her mother at the Feast of St. Elzéar when it broke.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She longed for another ride and Tony later spun her around at the feast, to her joy.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ That year, Janice took Domenica to Satriale's Pork Store to demand that Tony make Bobby a capo.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ In 2007, Domenica played at the house near the lake when Tony, Carmela, Bobby, and Janice celebrated Tony's birthday.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 2017, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ All characters are introduced by the show's executive producer Sean O'Connor or, from 27 November, his successor as executive consultant, John Yorke.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The first character to be introduced was Keegan Baker (Zack Morris), a friend of Shakil Kazemi (Shaheen Jafargholi), followed by Emerald Fox (Doña Croll), the mother of Denise Fox (Diane Parish) and Kim Fox-Hubbard (Tameka Empson).", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ Madison Drake (Seraphina Beh), Alexandra D'Costa (Sydney Craven) and Travis Law-Hughes (Alex James-Phelps), three new teenage characters, were also introduced in January as well as their school teacher Mr Gethin Pryce (Cerith Flinn) and Hugo Browning (Simon Williams), the chairman of Weyland & Co.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "Grief __knowledge__ Grief is a multifaceted response to loss, particularly to the loss of someone or something that has died, to which a bond or affection was formed.", "Grief __knowledge__ Although conventionally focused on the emotional response to loss, it also has physical, cognitive, behavioral, social, cultural, spiritual and philosophical dimensions.", "Grief __knowledge__ While the terms are often used interchangeably, \"bereavement\" refers to the state of loss, and \"grief\" is the reaction to that loss.", "Grief __knowledge__ Grief is a natural response to loss.", "Grief __knowledge__ It is the emotional suffering one feels when something or someone the individual loves is taken away.", "Grief __knowledge__ The grief associated with death is familiar to most people, but individuals grieve in connection with a variety of losses throughout their lives, such as unemployment, ill health or the end of a relationship.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ This is a list of protagonists and antagonists from British author Anthony Horowitz's \"Alex Rider\" series.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ This includes characters from the novels, the film, the graphic novels, and the short stories.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ Anthony Sean Howell, more commonly referred to as Ash (his initials), is a major character in \"Snakehead\".", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ Ash was born in England and worked for MI6 with his best friend John Rider.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ When John went undercover within Scorpia, Ash was assigned to monitor his progress from a distance in case his friend got into difficulty.", "List of Alex Rider characters __knowledge__ Ash was chosen to lead the mission to \"capture\" John, when he and Yassen Gregorovich were sent to kill a target in Malta.", "Grief counseling __knowledge__ Grief counseling is a form of psychotherapy that aims to help people cope with grief and mourning following the death of loved ones, or with major life changes that trigger feelings of grief (e.g., divorce, or job loss).", "Grief counseling __knowledge__ Grief counselors believe that everyone experiences and expresses grief in their own way, often shaped by culture.", "Grief counseling __knowledge__ They believe that it is not uncommon for a person to withdraw from their friends and family and feel helpless; some might be angry and want to take action.", "Grief counseling __knowledge__ Some may laugh.", "Grief counseling __knowledge__ Grief counselors know that one can expect a wide range of emotion and behavior associated with grief.", "Mourning __knowledge__ Mourning is, in the simplest sense, grief over someone's death.", "Mourning __knowledge__ The word is also used to describe a cultural complex of behaviours in which the bereaved participate or are expected to participate.", "Mourning __knowledge__ Customs vary between cultures and evolve over time, though many core behaviors remain constant.", "Mourning __knowledge__ Wearing black clothes is one practice followed in many countries, though other forms of dress are seen.", "Mourning __knowledge__ Those most affected by the loss of a loved one often observe a period of grieving, marked by withdrawal from social events and quiet, respectful behavior.", "Mourning __knowledge__ People may follow religious traditions for such occasions.", "One Rank, One Pension __knowledge__ One Rank One Pension (OROP), or \"same pension, for same rank, for same length of service, irrespective of the date of retirement\", is a longstanding demand of the Indian armed forces and veterans.", "One Rank, One Pension __knowledge__ The demand for pay-pension equity, which underlies the OROP concept, was provoked by the exparte decision by the Indira Gandhi-led Indian National Congress (INC) government, in 1973, two years after the historic victory in the 1971 Bangladesh war, and shortly after Field Marshal SHFJ Manekshaw retired, to decrease armed forces pensions by 20–40 percent, and increase civilian pensions by 20 percent, without consultation with armed forces headquarters.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Grief (novel) __knowledge__ Grief is a novel by American author Andrew Holleran, published in 2006.", "Grief (novel) __knowledge__ The novel takes place in Washington D.C., following the personal journey of a middle-aged, gay man dealing with the death of his mother.", "Grief (novel) __knowledge__ The novel received the 2007 Stonewall Book Award.", "Grief (novel) __knowledge__ The narrative takes place in a predominantly gay neighborhood in Washington D.C. near the famous Dupont Circle.", "Grief (novel) __knowledge__ The story focuses on the exploits of a middle-aged, gay man who has recently moved to the city after the death of his mother.", "Grief (novel) __knowledge__ The novel follows this protagonist as he goes through the grieving process, holding true to the belief our deceased loved ones stay with us forever, or at least as long as we continue to grieve for them." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died and a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The treatment of widows and widowers around the world varies.", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died, while a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The state of having lost one's spouse to death is termed \"widowhood\".", "Widow __knowledge__ These terms are not applied to a divorcé(e) following the death of an ex-spouse.", "Widow __knowledge__ The term \"widowhood\" can be used for either sex, at least according to some dictionaries, but the word \"widowerhood\" is also listed in some dictionaries.", "Widow __knowledge__ Occasionally, the word \"viduity\" is used.", "Widow __knowledge__ The adjective for either sex is \"widowed\".", "Widow __knowledge__ In societies where the husband is the sole provider, his death can leave his family destitute.", "Widow __knowledge__ The tendency for women generally to outlive men can compound this, as can men in many societies marrying women younger than themselves.", "Widow __knowledge__ In some patriarchal societies, widows may maintain economic independence.", "Widow __knowledge__ A woman would carry on her spouse's business and be accorded certain rights, such as entering guilds.", "Widow __knowledge__ More recently, widows of political figures have been among the first women elected to high office in many countries, such as Corazón Aquino or Isabel Martínez de Perón.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ Sati or suttee is an obsolete funeral custom where a widow immolates herself on her husband's pyre or takes her own life in another fashion shortly after her husband's death.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ Mention of the practice can be dated back to the 3rd century BC, while evidence of practice by widows of kings only appears beginning between the 5th and 9th centuries CE.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ The practice is considered to have originated within the warrior aristocracy in India, gradually gaining in popularity from the 10th century AD and spreading to other groups from the 12th through 18th century CE.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ The practice was particularly prevalent among some Hindu communities, observed in aristocratic Sikh families, and has been attested to outside South Asia in a number of localities in Southeast Asia, such as in Indonesia and Vietnam.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "OK Go __knowledge__ OK Go is an American rock band originally from Chicago, Illinois, now based in Los Angeles, California.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is composed of Damian Kulash (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (guitar, keyboards and vocals), who joined them in 2005, replacing Andy Duncan.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is known for its often quirky and elaborate one-take music videos.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The original members formed as OK Go in 1998 and released two studio albums before Duncan's departure.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band's video for \"Here It Goes Again\" won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video in 2007.", "Juan Perón __knowledge__ Juan Domingo Perón (; 8 October 1895 – 1 July 1974) was an Argentine lieutenant general and politician.", "Juan Perón __knowledge__ After serving in several government positions, including Minister of Labour and Vice President, he was thrice elected President of Argentina, serving from June 1946 to September 1955, when he was overthrown in a \"coup d'état\", and then from October 1973 until his death in July 1974.", "Juan Perón __knowledge__ During his first presidential term (1946–52), Perón was supported by his second wife, Eva Duarte (\"Evita\"), and the two were immensely popular among many Argentines.", "Juan Perón __knowledge__ Eva died in 1952, and Perón was elected to a second term, serving from 1952 until 1955.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ I'm OK – You're OK is a 1969 self-help book by Thomas Anthony Harris.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ It is a practical guide to transactional analysis as a method for solving problems in life.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ The book made the \"New York Times\" Best Seller list in 1972 and remained there for almost two years.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ It is estimated by the publisher to have sold over 15 million copies to date and to have been translated into over a dozen languages.http://www.drthomasharris.com/im-ok-youre-ok-book-thomas-harris/ In the preface, Harris praises the then-new procedure of transactional analysis (TA, or as Harris often refers to it, P-A-C) as a major innovation addressing the slow process and limited results that he and other psychiatric practitioners believed was characteristic of conventional psychiatry.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ One Ok Rock, stylized as ONE OK ROCK (pronounced in Japanese as \"one o'clock\"), is a Japanese rock band formed in Tokyo, Japan in 2005.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ The band currently consists of Takahiro Moriuchi (vocals), Toru Yamashita (guitar/leader), Ryota Kohama (bass), and Tomoya Kanki (drums).", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ They have been playing many different styles of rock music, with songs ranging from alternative rock to emo to post-hardcore to pop rock.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ The band's name, ONE OK ROCK, comes from \"one o'clock\", the time that the band used to practice on weekends.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ They chose to play at one o'clock in the morning because it was cheaper to use the rehearsal space during such hours.", "Fred Newman (philosopher) __knowledge__ Frederick Delano \"Fred\" Newman (June 17, 1935 – July 3, 2011) was an American philosopher, psychotherapist, playwright and political activist, and creator of a therapeutic modality called Social Therapy.", "Fred Newman (philosopher) __knowledge__ Born in 1935 in New York City's Bronx County, Newman grew up in a working-class neighborhood.", "Fred Newman (philosopher) __knowledge__ He served in the Army, including a stint in Korea.", "Fred Newman (philosopher) __knowledge__ Later he attended the City College of New York under the G.I.", "Fred Newman (philosopher) __knowledge__ Bill.", "Fred Newman (philosopher) __knowledge__ He earned a Ph.D. in analytic philosophy and foundations of mathematics from Stanford University in 1962.", "Fred Newman (philosopher) __knowledge__ Following his graduate work at Stanford, Newman taught at several colleges and universities in the 1960s, including the City College of New York, Knox College, Case Western Reserve University, and Antioch College.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John Lawrence McKenzie (October 9, 1910 – March 2, 1991) was born on October 9, 1910, in Brazil, Indiana, the first of the six children of Myra (Daly) and Harry McKenzie.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie became the premier Catholic Biblical scholar of the mid-twentieth century; indeed, John Courtney Murray, SJ, wrote that John McKenzie was \"the best Catholic theologian he knew of in the United States.\"", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie was interested in the Jesuits from an early age.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ At some significant sacrifice to his family, he was enrolled in a Jesuit boarding high school in St. Mary’s, Kansas, where he came first in his class three out of his four years there.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "Grief __knowledge__ Grief is a multifaceted response to loss, particularly to the loss of someone or something that has died, to which a bond or affection was formed.", "Grief __knowledge__ Although conventionally focused on the emotional response to loss, it also has physical, cognitive, behavioral, social, cultural, spiritual and philosophical dimensions.", "Grief __knowledge__ While the terms are often used interchangeably, \"bereavement\" refers to the state of loss, and \"grief\" is the reaction to that loss.", "Grief __knowledge__ Grief is a natural response to loss.", "Grief __knowledge__ It is the emotional suffering one feels when something or someone the individual loves is taken away.", "Grief __knowledge__ The grief associated with death is familiar to most people, but individuals grieve in connection with a variety of losses throughout their lives, such as unemployment, ill health or the end of a relationship.", "Unión Espiritista Cristiana de Filipinas, Inc. __knowledge__ Union Espiritista Cristiana de Filipinas, Incorporada (Union of Christian Spiritists of the Philippines, Inc.) is a religious organization with about a thousand affiliated local centers (churches), and considered as the biggest organization of spiritists in the Philippines.", "Unión Espiritista Cristiana de Filipinas, Inc. __knowledge__ There are also affiliated local centers in other locations, such as California, Canada, Hong Kong, Singapore, Greece, Dubai, Hawaii, Germany, Italy, and Russia, where there are large Filipino communities.", "Unión Espiritista Cristiana de Filipinas, Inc. __knowledge__ Union members are called \"Christian (Union) Spiritists\" and are affiliated with the International Spiritualist Federation.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel." ] ]

[ 0, 41, 2, 56, 3 ]

[ "Unfortunately none come to mind, but I do feel compassionate towards others for their loss.", "Thank you. I like to stay humble and keep good morals", "No I was referring to myself. I believe that widows go through a lot of grief and I applaud them.", "I do not know if any name is given for men. I do believe there should be one for men as well. It is an emotional suffering that one goes through.", "I have recently learned that some refer to the men as widower and the woman as a widow." ]

[ "Widow", "Widow", "Widow", "Widow", "Widow" ]

[ "Hiking\nI really enjoy hiking, but there aren't many nice places to do it where I live.", "I've heard that hiking has different names in other countries. It that true?", "I hike because I enjoy nature. Are there any health benefits to hiking?", "True, I'm sure that if more people hiked, we'd be more healthy. Is it a popular form of exercise?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Retirement community __knowledge__ A retirement community is a residential community or housing complex designed for older adults who are generally able to care for themselves; however, assistance from home care agencies is allowed in some communities, and activities and socialization opportunities are often provided.", "Retirement community __knowledge__ Some of the characteristics typically are: the community must be age-restricted or age-qualified, residents must be partially or fully retired, and the community offers shared services or amenities.", "Retirement community __knowledge__ There are various types of retirement communities older adults can choose from, and new types of retirement communities are being developed as the population ages.", "Long Path __knowledge__ The Long Path is a long-distance hiking trail beginning at the George Washington Bridge in Fort Lee, New Jersey and ending at Altamont, New York, in the Albany area.", "Long Path __knowledge__ While not yet a continuous trail, relying on road walks in some areas, it nevertheless takes in many of the popular hiking attractions west of the Hudson River, such as the New Jersey Palisades, Harriman State Park, the Shawangunk Ridge and the Catskill Mountains.", "Long Path __knowledge__ It offers hikers a diversity of environments to pass through, from suburbia and sea-level salt marshes along the Hudson to wilderness and boreal forest on Catskill summits in elevation.", "Cabo de Gata-Níjar Natural Park __knowledge__ \"Cabo de Gata-Níjar\" Natural Park in the southeastern corner of Spain, is Andalucia's largest coastal protected area, a wild and isolated landscape with some of Europe's most original geological features.", "Cabo de Gata-Níjar Natural Park __knowledge__ Spain's southeast coast, where the park is situated, is the only region in Europe with a true hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification: BWh).", "Cabo de Gata-Níjar Natural Park __knowledge__ The eponymous mountain range of the \"Sierra del Cabo de Gata\" with its highest peak El Fraile is Spain's largest volcanic rock formation with sharp peaks and crags in red and ochre-hues.", "Cabo de Gata-Níjar Natural Park __knowledge__ It falls steeply to the Mediterranean Sea creating jagged high cliffs, which are riven by gullies leading to hidden coves with white sandy beaches, some of the most beautiful in Andalucia.", "Sonia Vihar __knowledge__ Sonia Vihar(सोनिया विहार) is a north-east suburb of Delhi near Wazirabad on the bank of the river Yamuna.", "Sonia Vihar __knowledge__ To the rest of Delhi citizens, it is known for its water treatment plant which supplies potable water to several parts of Delhi.", "Sonia Vihar __knowledge__ It lies in Karawal Nagar assembly area.", "Sonia Vihar __knowledge__ Sonia Vihar is situated at a distance of about 26 km from the Indira Gandhi International Airport, 13 km from the New Delhi railway station and 10 km from Delhi Railway station.", "Sonia Vihar __knowledge__ The nearest Metro station is Vishvavidyala Metro station, 4 km away.", "Sonia Vihar __knowledge__ City public buses of Delhi Transport Corporation connect it to other parts of Delhi (route 258 to Mori Gate, 258A to New Delhi and 33A to NOIDA).", "Nice guy __knowledge__ A nice guy or good guy are informal terms for an (often young) adult male who portrays himself as gentle, compassionate, sensitive and/or vulnerable.", "Nice guy __knowledge__ The term is used both positively and negatively.", "Nice guy __knowledge__ When used positively, and particularly when used as a preference or description by someone else, it is intended to imply a male who puts the needs of others before his own, avoids confrontations, does favors, gives emotional support, tries to stay out of trouble, and generally acts nicely towards others.", "Nice guy __knowledge__ In the context of a relationship, it may also refer to traits of honesty, loyalty, romanticism, courtesy and respect.", "Las Galeras __knowledge__ Las Galeras is a Dominican Municipal district of Santa Bárbara de Samaná, Samaná province.", "Las Galeras __knowledge__ It is on the east coast of the Samaná Peninsula, on the Rincón Bay that is found between Cabrón and Samaná capes.", "Las Galeras __knowledge__ \"Las Galeras\", in English \"The Galleys\" (a galley was a war ship where prisoners and slaves were used to move the ship), because two galleys stayed here during the 16th century.", "Las Galeras __knowledge__ In the last national census (2002), the population of Las Galeras is included with that of Santa Bárbara de Samaná.", "Las Galeras __knowledge__ There are approximately 6,000 people living in the area of Las Galeras.", "Las Galeras __knowledge__ The population of Las Galeras is mostly Dominican, although like most of Dominican towns and cities in the country there is a big percentage of Haitian citizens.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ The following is list of characters the appear in the cartoon series, \"Generator Rex\".", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Ricardo \"Rex\" Salazar is a young human-looking E.V.O, but unlike other E.V.O.s, Rex has the ability to control his nanites at will, allowing him to cure other E.V.O.s of their mutations and use his nanites to create a variety of machines on his body and communicate with a variety of machines.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Rex is overconfident, impulsive, and typically, rebellious.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He has a quick wit and is constantly making jokes.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ However, when Rex needs to defend himself, he doesn't hold back.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He prefers to smash anything that gets in his way." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Naming in the United States __knowledge__ The United States has very few laws governing given names.", "Naming in the United States __knowledge__ This freedom has given rise to a wide variety of names and naming trends.", "Naming in the United States __knowledge__ Naming traditions play a role in the cohesion and communication within American cultures.", "Naming in the United States __knowledge__ Cultural diversity in the U.S. has led to great variations in names and naming traditions and names have been used to express creativity, personality, cultural identity, and values.", "Naming in the United States __knowledge__ Traditionally, the right to name one's child or oneself as one chooses has been upheld by court rulings and is rooted in the Due Process Clause of the fourteenth Amendment and the Free Speech Clause of the First Amendment, but a few restrictions do exist.", "Serer maternal clans __knowledge__ Serer maternal clans or Serer matriclans (Serer : Tim or \"Tiim\"; Ndut : Ciiɗim) are the maternal clans of the Serer people of Senegal, the Gambia and Mauritania.", "Serer maternal clans __knowledge__ The Serer are both patrilineal (\"simanGol\" or \"Simangol\") and matrilineal.", "Serer maternal clans __knowledge__ Inheritance depends on the nature of the asset being inherited – i.e.", "Serer maternal clans __knowledge__ whether it is a maternal asset which requires maternal inheritance (\"ƭeen yaay\" or \"den yaay\") or paternal asset requiring paternal inheritance (\"kucarla\").", "Serer maternal clans __knowledge__ The Serer woman play a vital role in and .", "Serer maternal clans __knowledge__ In pre-colonial times until the abolition of their monarchies, a Serer king would be required to crown his mother, maternal aunt or sister as Lingeer (queen) after his own coronation.", "Name day __knowledge__ A name day is a tradition in some countries in Europe, Latin America, Catholic and Orthodox Christian countries in general.", "Name day __knowledge__ It consists of celebrating a day of the year that is associated with one's given name.", "Name day __knowledge__ The celebration is similar to a birthday.", "Name day __knowledge__ The custom originated with the Christian calendar of saints: believers named after a saint would celebrate that saint's feast day, or in the Eastern Orthodox tradition, the day of a saint's death.", "Name day __knowledge__ Name days have greater resonance in the Catholic and Orthodox parts of Europe—Protestant churches showing less veneration of saints.", "Name day __knowledge__ In many countries, however, name-day celebrations no longer have connection to explicitly Christian traditions.", "Street or road name __knowledge__ A street or road name or odonym is an identifying name given to a street.", "Street or road name __knowledge__ The street name usually forms part of the address (though addresses in some parts of the world, notably most of Japan, make no reference to street names).", "Street or road name __knowledge__ Buildings are often given numbers along the street to further help identify them.", "Street or road name __knowledge__ Names are often given in a two-part form: an individual name known as the \"specific\", and an indicator of the type of street, known as the \"generic\".", "Street or road name __knowledge__ Examples are \"Main Road\", \"Fleet Street\" and \"Park Avenue\".", "Street or road name __knowledge__ The type of street stated, however, can sometimes be misleading: a street named \"Park Avenue\" need not have the characteristics of an avenue in the generic sense.", "Surname __knowledge__ A surname, family name, or last name is the portion of a personal name that indicates a person's family (or tribe or community, depending on the culture).", "Surname __knowledge__ Depending on the culture all members of a family unit may have identical surnames or there may be variations based on the cultural rules.", "Surname __knowledge__ In the English-speaking world, a surname is commonly referred to as a \"last name\" because it is usually placed at the end of a person's full name, after any given names.", "Surname __knowledge__ In many parts of Asia, as well as some parts of Europe and Africa, the family name is placed \"before\" a person's given name.", "Surname __knowledge__ In most Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking countries, two or more surnames are commonly used.", "A Ton of Luck __knowledge__ Soñar no Cuesta Nada () is a 2006 Colombian black comedy film directed by Rodrigo Triana.", "A Ton of Luck __knowledge__ Based on a true story, the plot follows a group of anti-guerrilla soldiers, whose lives are turned upside down after finding $45 million hidden in the jungle.", "A Ton of Luck __knowledge__ The film begins with a young mother named Herlinda (Carolina Ramírez) and her 6 year old daughter Simona who comes to a remote village in southern Colombia, Herlinda asks a grocer go to the village of Coreguaje but a driver accepts carry them but then refuses to see the lady but she had little money and Simona convince him.", "A Ton of Luck __knowledge__ Them being carried by the driver, Herlinda reads a letter from her husband Elmer Porras, soldier of the national army of Colombia, who several days ago had lost the life savings of between Herlinda and a real estate business which resulted in running a scam that family into possible bankruptcy.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ Hiking in Kosovo started with establishment of the first hiking association in 1928, and it continued with creation of different association all around the territory which was then part of Yugoslavia.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ After the Kosovo War a lot was done also by the support of the societies such as: HikingNjeri which have worked hard to not only organize activities, but also to expose hiking to the general public via social media.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ Hiking as an activity started in its true sense circa 1930, the year in which a group of friends climbed the Gjeravica mountain in Peć.", "Hiking in Kosovo __knowledge__ This was the first time that a peak in Kosovo was climbed (there is no evidence of that).", "Walking __knowledge__ Walking (also known as ambulation) is one of the main gaits of locomotion among legged animals.", "Walking __knowledge__ Walking is typically slower than running and other gaits.", "Walking __knowledge__ Walking is defined by an 'inverted pendulum' gait in which the body vaults over the stiff limb or limbs with each step.", "Walking __knowledge__ This applies regardless of the number of limbs—even arthropods, with six, eight or more limbs, walk.", "Walking __knowledge__ The word \"walk\" is descended from the Old English \"wealcan\" \"to roll\".", "Walking __knowledge__ In humans and other bipeds, walking is generally distinguished from running in that only one foot at a time leaves contact with the ground and there is a period of double-support.", "Luethi-Peterson Camps __knowledge__ Founded in 1948 by Natalie Luethi-Peterson, the Luethi-Peterson Camps (LPC) are non-profit, co-ed summer camps in different countries, that aim to foster international understanding by bringing together kids from a variety of cultural backgrounds.", "Luethi-Peterson Camps __knowledge__ Officially, its stated purpose is to \"be a project based upon the conviction that understanding is essential to peace and that such understanding can be best realized through personal friendship and mutual respect which such friendship engenders.\"", "Luethi-Peterson Camps __knowledge__ Using crafts, sports, music and language study as vehicles, LPC emphasizes self-government, guiding campers to take responsibility for themselves and their community.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ Salut D'Amour (; lit.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ Love Greeting), despite its French name, is a South Korean television series that aired on KBS2 from November 1, 1994 to April 25, 1995 for a total of twenty five episodes.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The theme of \"Salut D'Amour\", unlike later versions, are not interconnected to one another by episode.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ Each episode contains a separate but closely related theme.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The Episode starts with a documentary show on Korea during the war, Korea during the year he was born in (1975)-riots and crowded streets in South Korea.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The narrator talked about the population census taken on September 18, 1995.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The population stood at 37,680,000 male and female sex ratio (1740:1124, males to females), as well as family events in 1982.", "Hungarian verbs __knowledge__ This page is about verbs in Hungarian grammar.", "Hungarian verbs __knowledge__ There is basically only one pattern for verb endings, with predictable variations dependent on the phonological context.", "Hungarian verbs __knowledge__ The lemma or citation form is always the third person singular indefinite present.", "Hungarian verbs __knowledge__ This usually has a ∅ suffix, e.g.", "Hungarian verbs __knowledge__ \"kér\" (\"ask\", \"have a request\").", "Hungarian verbs __knowledge__ A slight variation to the standard pattern is with certain verbs which have third person singular indefinite present ending with \"-ik\", e.g.", "Hungarian verbs __knowledge__ \"dolgozik\" (\"work\"), and 1st singular indefinite present usually with \"-om/-em/-öm\".", "Hungarian verbs __knowledge__ The stem for this is reached by removing \"-ik\".", "Hungarian verbs __knowledge__ These verbs explain the reason for this form being the citation form.", "Harzer Wandernadel __knowledge__ The Harzer Wandernadel (literally: \"Harz Walking Badge\") is a hiking network and associated system of hiking awards in the Harz mountains in central Germany.", "Harzer Wandernadel __knowledge__ The hiker (or mountain biker) can earn awards at different levels of challenge by walking to the various checkpoints in the network and stamping his or her passbook to record the visit.", "Harzer Wandernadel __knowledge__ With 222 checkpoints in three federal states and across five districts in the Harz and with membership in five figures, the system has gained a following Germany-wide.", "Harzer Wandernadel __knowledge__ The idea of the \"Wandernadel\" (\"hiking badge\") is to give those holidaying in the Harz a worthwhile goal to achieve and encourage them to stay for longer or return.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: An agent who tells Mr Tawny he can make a great singer out of him.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ Though his voice is terrible, people will want to see a singing tiger.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ When Billy tells him not to be forced into something he does not want, and when Hooey tries to stop him he transforms and tries to throw him out.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ But Hal flatters Tawny, making him sign the contract.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ When Cap criticises him, Hal claims he is jealous.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ A Gala party is arranged to celebrate this next day, but Hal drops the invitation to Captain Marvel into the bin as he wants their friendship to break up." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, health insurance is any program that helps pay for medical expenses, whether through privately purchased insurance, social insurance or a social welfare program funded by the government.", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ Synonyms for this usage include \"health coverage\", \"health care coverage\" and \"health benefits\".", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ In a more technical sense, the term is used to describe any form of insurance that provides protection against the costs of medical services.", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ This usage includes private insurance and social insurance programs such as Medicare, which pools resources and spreads the financial risk associated with major medical expenses across the entire population to protect everyone, as well as social welfare programs such as Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program, which provide assistance to people who cannot afford health coverage.", "Walking __knowledge__ Walking (also known as ambulation) is one of the main gaits of locomotion among legged animals.", "Walking __knowledge__ Walking is typically slower than running and other gaits.", "Walking __knowledge__ Walking is defined by an 'inverted pendulum' gait in which the body vaults over the stiff limb or limbs with each step.", "Walking __knowledge__ This applies regardless of the number of limbs—even arthropods, with six, eight or more limbs, walk.", "Walking __knowledge__ The word \"walk\" is descended from the Old English \"wealcan\" \"to roll\".", "Walking __knowledge__ In humans and other bipeds, walking is generally distinguished from running in that only one foot at a time leaves contact with the ground and there is a period of double-support.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "Essential health benefits __knowledge__ Essential health benefits (EHBs) have been defined since the 2010 United States Affordable Care Act as a set of benefits which Individually purchased health insurance in the United States and insurance plans in small group markets, both inside and outside of the Health Insurance Marketplace must cover for people.", "Essential health benefits __knowledge__ Exempt from the EHB requirement are large-group health plans, self-insured ERISA plans, and ERISA-governed multiemployer welfare arrangements not subject to state insurance law.", "Essential health benefits __knowledge__ The 2010 Affordable Care Act (ACA) set forth the following ten categories of essential health benefits, at Section 1302(b)(1) of the ACA, codified at 42 U.S.C.", "Physical exercise __knowledge__ Physical exercise is any bodily activity that enhances or maintains physical fitness and overall health and wellness.", "Physical exercise __knowledge__ It is performed for various reasons, including increasing growth and development, preventing aging, strengthening muscles and the cardiovascular system, honing athletic skills, weight loss or maintenance, and also enjoyment.", "Physical exercise __knowledge__ Frequent and regular physical exercise boosts the immune system and helps prevent certain \"diseases of affluence\" such as coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and obesity.", "Physical exercise __knowledge__ It may also help prevent stress and depression, increase quality of sleep and act as a non-pharmaceutical sleep aid to treat diseases such as insomnia, help promote or maintain positive self-esteem, improve mental health, maintain steady digestion and treat constipation and gas, regulate fertility health, and augment an individual's sex appeal or body image.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ The health effects of wine are mainly determined by its active ingredient alcohol.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ Some studies found that drinking small quantities of alcohol (up to one standard drink per day for women and one to two drinks per day for men) is associated with a decreased risk of heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and early death.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ However, other studies found no such effect.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ Drinking more than the standard drink amount increases the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, stroke and cancer.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ Mixed results are also observed in light drinking and cancer mortality.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ \"Say Yes\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Michelle Williams, taken from her fourth studio album \"Journey to Freedom\" (2014).", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ It features Williams' former Destiny's Child groupmates Beyoncé and Kelly Rowland.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Williams, Carmen Reece, Al Sherrod Lambert and Harmony Samuels who also produced it.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ E1 Music released \"Say Yes\" as the album's third single on June 2, 2014.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ \"Say Yes\" marks the third time the trio collaborated as solo artists following the disbandment of their group in 2006.", "Say Yes (Michelle Williams song) __knowledge__ Musically, \"Say Yes\" is an uptempo gospel and pop song, which takes influence from dance music.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ Post is the second solo studio album by Icelandic musician Björk.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ The album was released in June 1995 through One Little Indian in the United Kingdom and Elektra Records in the United States.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ Unlike her previous release \"Debut\"—which was almost entirely produced by Nellee Hooper—\"Post\" is characterised by more collaborations, including production by Hooper, 808 State's Graham Massey, and former Massive Attack member Tricky.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ Björk co-produced every song on the album.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ \"Post\" received critical acclaim and was a commercial success, charting at number 2 in the United Kingdom and 32 in the United States.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Enoch Powell __knowledge__ John Enoch Powell, MBE (16 June 1912 – ) was a British politician, classical scholar, philologist, and poet.", "Enoch Powell __knowledge__ He served as a Conservative Member of Parliament (MP, 1950–74), Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) MP (1974–87), and Minister of Health (1960–63).", "Enoch Powell __knowledge__ Before entering politics, Powell was a classical scholar, becoming a full professor of ancient Greek at the age of 25 in Australia.", "Enoch Powell __knowledge__ During the Second World War, he served in both staff and intelligence positions, reaching the rank of brigadier in his early thirties.", "Enoch Powell __knowledge__ He also wrote poetry; his first works being published in 1937, as well as many books on classical and political subjects." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Trolltunga __knowledge__ Trolltunga (Troll tongue) is a rock formation situated about 1,100 metres above sea level in the municipality of Odda in Hordaland county, Norway.", "Trolltunga __knowledge__ The special cliff is jutting horizontally out from the mountain, into free air about above the north side of the lake Ringedalsvatnet.", "Trolltunga __knowledge__ Popularity of the hike to Trolltunga and rock formation itself has exploded in recent years.", "Trolltunga __knowledge__ The increased popularity has turned Trolltunga into a national icon and a major tourist attraction for the region.", "Trolltunga __knowledge__ Until 2010, less than 800 people hiked to Trolltunga each year.", "Trolltunga __knowledge__ In 2016 more than 80,000 people hiked the 27 kilometres round-trip from Skjeggedal, making it one of Norway's most popular hikes.", "Y Mountain __knowledge__ Y Mountain is a mountain located directly east of Brigham Young University (BYU) in Provo, Utah, United States.", "Y Mountain __knowledge__ The Slide Canyon, or Y Mountain Trail, leads to a large block Y located from a parking area at the mountain's base with an elevation gain of .", "Y Mountain __knowledge__ This hillside letter was built over a hundred years ago as the insignia for BYU.", "Y Mountain __knowledge__ For years the trail to the Y has been one of the most hiked trails in Utah Valley and provides a scenic view of Provo and Orem, the rest of the many cities in Utah Valley and Utah Lake.", "Y Mountain __knowledge__ The trail is also regularly used by hikers, bikers, paragliders and hunters to access the backcountry in the Slide Canyon area.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Phat Beets Produce is an American non-profit food justice collective focusing on food justice in North Oakland, California, started by Max Cadji and Bret Brenner in 2007.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Their programs include weekly farmer's markets (sourcing from local farmers of color), free produce stands, youth gardens, community supported agriculture programs (called the \"beet box\"), food and social justice workshops, and a kitchen and cafe cooperative.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Cadji helps residents have access to nutritious food by coordinating between farmers, institutions, and low-income communities to utilize empty land for urban gardening.", "Phat Beets Produce __knowledge__ Their work addresses disadvantaged North Oakland residents, actively opposes the systematic forces of gentrification in the North Oakland Area, and stands in solidarity with criminal justice issues.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Physical exercise __knowledge__ Physical exercise is any bodily activity that enhances or maintains physical fitness and overall health and wellness.", "Physical exercise __knowledge__ It is performed for various reasons, including increasing growth and development, preventing aging, strengthening muscles and the cardiovascular system, honing athletic skills, weight loss or maintenance, and also enjoyment.", "Physical exercise __knowledge__ Frequent and regular physical exercise boosts the immune system and helps prevent certain \"diseases of affluence\" such as coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and obesity.", "Physical exercise __knowledge__ It may also help prevent stress and depression, increase quality of sleep and act as a non-pharmaceutical sleep aid to treat diseases such as insomnia, help promote or maintain positive self-esteem, improve mental health, maintain steady digestion and treat constipation and gas, regulate fertility health, and augment an individual's sex appeal or body image.", "Neurobiological effects of physical exercise __knowledge__ The are numerous and involve a wide range of interrelated effects on brain structure, brain function, and cognition.", "Neurobiological effects of physical exercise __knowledge__ A large body of research in humans has demonstrated that consistent aerobic exercise (e.g., 30 minutes every day) induces persistent improvements in certain cognitive functions, healthy alterations in gene expression in the brain, and beneficial forms of neuroplasticity and behavioral plasticity; some of these long-term effects include: increased neuron growth, increased neurological activity (e.g., and BDNF signaling), improved stress coping, enhanced cognitive control of behavior, improved declarative, spatial, and working memory, and structural and functional improvements in brain structures and pathways associated with cognitive control and memory.", "List of countries with universal health care __knowledge__ Universal health coverage is a broad concept that has been implemented in several ways.", "List of countries with universal health care __knowledge__ The common denominator for all such programs is some form of government action aimed at extending access to health care as widely as possible and setting minimum standards.", "List of countries with universal health care __knowledge__ Most implement universal health care through legislation, regulation and taxation.", "List of countries with universal health care __knowledge__ Legislation and regulation direct what care must be provided, to whom, and on what basis.", "List of countries with universal health care __knowledge__ Usually some costs are borne by the patient at the time of consumption but the bulk of costs come from a combination of compulsory insurance and tax revenues.", "List of countries with universal health care __knowledge__ Some programs are paid for entirely out of tax revenues.", "Health systems by country __knowledge__ This article provides a brief overview of the health systems of the world, sorted by continent.", "Health systems by country __knowledge__ When Algeria gained its independence from France in 1962, there were only around 300 doctors across the whole country and no proper system of healthcare.", "Health systems by country __knowledge__ Over the next few decades, great progress was made in building up the health sector, with the training of doctors and the creation of many health facilities.", "Health systems by country __knowledge__ Today, Algeria has an established network of hospitals (including university hospitals), clinics, medical centres and small health units or dispensaries.", "Health systems by country __knowledge__ While equipment and medicines may not always be the latest available, staffing levels are high and the country has one of the best healthcare systems in Africa.", "Health care in the United States __knowledge__ Health care in the United States is provided by many distinct organizations.", "Health care in the United States __knowledge__ Health care facilities are largely owned and operated by private sector businesses.", "Health care in the United States __knowledge__ 58% of US community hospitals are non-profit, 21% are government owned, and 21% are for-profit.", "Health care in the United States __knowledge__ According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the United States spent more on health care per capita ($9,403), and more on health care as percentage of its GDP (17.1%), than any other nation in 2014.", "Health care in the United States __knowledge__ 64% of health spending was paid for by the government in 2013, funded via programs such as Medicare, Medicaid, the Children's Health Insurance Program, and the Veterans Health Administration.", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, health insurance is any program that helps pay for medical expenses, whether through privately purchased insurance, social insurance or a social welfare program funded by the government.", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ Synonyms for this usage include \"health coverage\", \"health care coverage\" and \"health benefits\".", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ In a more technical sense, the term is used to describe any form of insurance that provides protection against the costs of medical services.", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ This usage includes private insurance and social insurance programs such as Medicare, which pools resources and spreads the financial risk associated with major medical expenses across the entire population to protect everyone, as well as social welfare programs such as Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program, which provide assistance to people who cannot afford health coverage.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, often shortened to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or nicknamed Obamacare, is a United States federal statute enacted by the 111th United States Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ The term \"Obamacare\" was first used by opponents, then reappropriated by supporters, and eventually used by President Obama himself.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ Together with the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 amendment, it represents the U.S. healthcare system's most significant regulatory overhaul and expansion of coverage since the passage of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965.", "Health insurance __knowledge__ Health insurance is insurance that covers the whole or a part of the risk of a person incurring medical expenses, spreading the risk over a large number of persons.", "Health insurance __knowledge__ By estimating the overall risk of health care and health system expenses over the risk pool, an insurer can develop a routine finance structure, such as a monthly premium or payroll tax, to provide the money to pay for the health care benefits specified in the insurance agreement.", "Health insurance __knowledge__ The benefit is administered by a central organization such as a government agency, private business, or not-for-profit entity.", "Health insurance __knowledge__ According to the Health Insurance Association of America, health insurance is defined as \"coverage that provides for the payments of benefits as a result of sickness or injury.", "Health care finance in the United States __knowledge__ Health care finance in the United States discusses how Americans obtain and pay for their healthcare, and why U.S. healthcare costs are the highest in the world based on various measures, without better results.", "Health care finance in the United States __knowledge__ The American system is a mix of public and private insurance.", "Health care finance in the United States __knowledge__ The government provides insurance coverage for approximately 53 million elderly via Medicare, 62 million lower-income persons via Medicaid, and 15 million military veterans via the Veteran's Administration.", "Health care finance in the United States __knowledge__ About 178 million employed by companies receive subsidized health insurance through their employer, while 52 million other persons directly purchase insurance either via the subsidized marketplace exchanges developed as part of the Affordable Care Act or directly from insurers." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 10, 6 ]

[ "You don't really need to be anywhere to go hiking, just go for a long vigorous walk!", "Oh, yes, in the United Kingdom they don't say hiking they just say walking", "With the rapid decline in the quality of US health insurance, hiking should be everyone's free health insurance!", "Oh yes, it is a very popular activity with numerous people doing it worldwide" ]

[ "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking" ]

[ "Heavy metal music\nWhat do you think about heavy metal music?", "I don't think I have ever really listened to it. Is it alot of screaming involved?", "more heavy on the instrumental side then?", "so metallica is your favorite band from that genre?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ In 1968, three of the genre's most famous acts, Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple were founded.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Though they came to attract wide audiences, they were often derided by critics.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence; Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden and Saxon followed in a similar vein.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as \"metalheads\" or \"headbangers\".", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with groups such as Mötley Crüe and Poison.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Underground scenes produced an array of more aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, while other extreme subgenres of metal such as death metal and black metal remain subcultural phenomena.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ A number of heavy metal genres have developed since the emergence of heavy metal (often shortened to \"metal\") during the late 1960s and early 1970s.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ At times heavy metal genres may overlap or are difficult to distinguish, but they can be identified by a number of traits.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ They may differ in terms of: instrumentation, tempo, song structure, vocal style, lyrics, guitar playing style, drumming style, and so on.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ Alternative metal is a style of heavy metal and alternative rock which emerged in the mid-1980s, and gained popularity in the early 1990s.", "Heavy metal genres __knowledge__ Alternative metal usually combines heavy metal with influences from genres like alternative rock, and in some cases other genres not normally associated with metal as well.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Nu metal (also known as nü-metal and ) is a form of that combines elements of with elements of other music genres such as hip hop, alternative rock, funk and grunge.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ bands have drawn elements and influences from a variety of musical styles, including multiple genres of heavy metal.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ rarely features guitar solos; the genre is heavily syncopated and based on guitar riffs.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Many nu metal guitarists use that are down-tuned to play a heavier sound.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ DJs are occasionally featured in nu metal to provide instrumentation such as sampling, turntable scratching and electronic backgrounds.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Vocal styles in include singing, rapping, screaming and growling.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal, also known as white metal, Jesus metal or heavenly metal, is a form of heavy metal music usually defined by its message using song lyrics as well as the dedication of the band members to Christianity.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal is typically performed by professed Christians principally for Christians who listen to heavy metal music and often produced and distributed through various Christian networks.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal bands exist in most of the subgenres of heavy metal music, and the only common link among most Christian metal bands are the lyrics.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ The Christian themes are often melded with the subjects of the genre the band is rooted in, regularly providing a Christian take on the subject matter.", "Australian heavy metal __knowledge__ Australian heavy metal music has its roots in both the Australian hard rock and pub rock tradition of the 1970s and the American and British heavy metal scenes.", "Australian heavy metal __knowledge__ Since the mid-1980s, Australian heavy metal has been particularly influenced by foreign bands, particularly Swedish death metal, American thrash metal and black metal from Norway.", "Australian heavy metal __knowledge__ Within Australia heavy metal has always remained part of the underground but since the mid-1990s many Australian metal acts have found widespread acceptance in overseas markets, particularly in Europe.", "Australian heavy metal __knowledge__ AC/DC is often cited as being Australia's foremost hard rock band.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ Fans of heavy metal music have created their own subculture which encompasses more than just appreciation of the style of music.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ Fans affirm their membership in the subculture or scene by attending metal concerts–an activity seen as central to the subculture, buying albums, in some cases growing their hair long, wearing leather jackets and t-shirts with band names and logos and most recently, by contributing to metal websites.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ Metal fans may also write or take photos for metal zines.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ Some critics and musicians have suggested that the subculture is largely intolerant to other musical genres.", "Heavy metal subculture __knowledge__ The metal scene, like the rock scene in general, is associated with alcohol, tobacco and drug use as well as riding motorcycles and having a lot of tattoos.", "New wave of British heavy metal __knowledge__ The new wave of British heavy metal (commonly abbreviated as NWOBHM) was a nationwide musical movement that started in the United Kingdom in the late 1970s and achieved international attention by the early 1980s.", "New wave of British heavy metal __knowledge__ Journalist Geoff Barton coined the term in a May 1979 issue of the British music newspaper \"Sounds\" to describe the emergence of new heavy metal bands in the late 1970s, during the period of punk rock's decline and the dominance of new wave music.", "New wave of British heavy metal __knowledge__ Although encompassing diverse mainstream and underground styles, the music of the NWOBHM is best remembered for drawing on the heavy metal of the 1970s and infusing it with the intensity of punk rock to produce fast and aggressive songs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ In 1968, three of the genre's most famous acts, Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple were founded.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Though they came to attract wide audiences, they were often derided by critics.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence; Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden and Saxon followed in a similar vein.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as \"metalheads\" or \"headbangers\".", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with groups such as Mötley Crüe and Poison.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Underground scenes produced an array of more aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, while other extreme subgenres of metal such as death metal and black metal remain subcultural phenomena.", "Cergy __knowledge__ Cergy () is a commune in the northwestern suburbs of Paris, France.", "Cergy __knowledge__ It is located from the center of Paris, in the \"new town\" of Cergy-Pontoise, created in the 1960s, of which it is the central and most populated commune.", "Cergy __knowledge__ Although neighboring Pontoise is the official \"préfecture\" (capital) of the Val-d'Oise \"département\", the \"préfecture\" building and administration, as well as the department council (\"conseil général\"), are located inside the commune of Cergy, which is regarded as the \"de facto\" capital of Val-d'Oise.", "Cergy __knowledge__ The \"sous-préfecture\" building and administration, on the other hand, are located inside the commune of Pontoise.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot () is a town and nagar panchayat in the Ratlam district of Madhya Pradesh, India.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is located at .", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot has a population of 40,948.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is a tehsil place and a small town; it is a tahsil of Ratlam district and the hometown to Jangalwa Dynasty.", "Alot __knowledge__ It is on the route of the Delhi–Bombay railway track.", "Alot __knowledge__ Through trade routes Jewellers and Businessman established themselves in the town before the 17th century and flourished businesses in ginning and jewellery.", "Alot __knowledge__ A glimpse of the business lifestyle during that era can still be found in the historical town.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is a main station for Jain ; many Jain people go there daily for the darshan of Lord Jain Swetamber.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Ma'alot-Tarshiha (; , \"Maʻālūt Taršīḥā\") is a mixed city in the North District in Israel, some east of Nahariya, about above sea level.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ The city was established in 1963 through a municipal merger of the Arab town of Tarshiha and the Jewish town of Ma'alot.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ In the city has a population of .", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Excavations of a 4th-century burial cave in the village unearthed a cross and a piece of glass engraved with a menorah.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Crusader sources from the 12th and 13th century refer to Tarshiha as \"Terschia,\" \"Torsia\" and \"Tersigha.\"", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ The King had initiated the settlement of Crusader (\"Latin\", \"Frankish\") people in nearby Mi'ilya (\"Castellum Regis\"), and from there settlement spread out to Tarshiha.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ Ma'alot Dafna () is an Israeli settlement and neighborhood in Jerusalem that sits partly in East Jerusalem and in a territory that was no man's land before the Six Day war.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ It borders the neighborhood of Shmuel HaNavi to the west, Ammunition Hill to the east, Ramat Eshkol to the north and Arzei HaBira to the south.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ The international community considers Israeli settlements in East Jerusalem illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ Ma'alot Dafna was established in 1972 on the hillside through which Israeli troops in the Six Day War made their way from the Israeli neighborhood of Shmuel HaNavi to fight the Arab Legion troops at the Battle of Ammunition Hill.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ State of Florida v. George Zimmerman was a criminal prosecution of George Zimmerman on the charge of second-degree murder stemming from the shooting of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ On April 11, 2012, George Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ In support of the charges, the State filed an affidavit of probable cause, stating that Zimmerman profiled and confronted Martin and shot him to death while Martin was committing no crimes.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ Florida State Attorney Angela Corey announced the charges against Zimmerman during a televised press conference and reported that Zimmerman was in custody after turning himself in to law enforcement.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ The Ma'alot massacre was a Palestinian terrorist attack that occurred in May 1974 and involved a two-day hostage-taking of 115 Israeli people which ended in the murders of over 25 hostages.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ It began when three armed members of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP) entered Israel from Lebanon.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ Soon afterwards they attacked a van, killing two Israeli Arab women while injuring a third and entered an apartment building in the town of Ma'alot, where they killed a couple and their four-year-old son.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ From there, they headed for the Netiv Meir Elementary School, where they took more than 115 people (including 105 children) hostage on 15 May 1974, in Ma'alot.", "ESSEC Business School __knowledge__ ESSEC Business School is an international higher education institution located in France (Cergy-Pontoise and La Défense in the Paris area), Singapore and Morocco.", "ESSEC Business School __knowledge__ Founded in 1907 and recognised as one of the leading business schools in the world, ESSEC Business School is one of the 76 schools in the world to have obtained the triple accreditation of AACSB, EQUIS and AMBA.", "ESSEC Business School __knowledge__ ESSEC is one of the most selective French \"\"Grandes écoles\"\" and referred in France as one of the \"trois Parisiennes\"  (\"three Parisians\"), together with HEC Paris and ESCP Europe.", "ESSEC Business School __knowledge__ ESSEC's flagship program, the Master of Science in Management (Grande Ecole), was ranked 3rd worldwide by the Financial Times in 2016 for the 3rd year in a row and the Global MBA program is ranked by QS in 2016 as the 7th best in Europe in terms of employability.", "Metallica __knowledge__ Metallica is an American heavy metal band from Los Angeles, California.", "Metallica __knowledge__ The band was formed in 1981 by drummer Lars Ulrich and vocalist/guitarist James Hetfield.", "Metallica __knowledge__ The band's fast tempos, instrumentals and aggressive musicianship made them one of the founding \"big four\" bands of thrash metal, alongside Megadeth, Anthrax and Slayer.", "Metallica __knowledge__ Metallica's current lineup comprises founding members Hetfield and Ulrich, longtime lead guitarist Kirk Hammett and bassist Robert Trujillo.", "Metallica __knowledge__ Guitarist Dave Mustaine (who formed Megadeth) and bassists Ron McGovney, Cliff Burton and Jason Newsted are former members of the band.", "Master of Puppets __knowledge__ Master of Puppets is the third studio album by American heavy metal band Metallica.", "Master of Puppets __knowledge__ It was released on March 3, 1986 by Elektra Records.", "Master of Puppets __knowledge__ Recorded at the Sweet Silence Studios with producer Flemming Rasmussen, it was the first Metallica album released on a major record label.", "Master of Puppets __knowledge__ \"Master of Puppets\" was the band's last album to feature bassist Cliff Burton, who died in a bus accident in Sweden during the album's promotional tour.", "Master of Puppets __knowledge__ The album peaked at number 29 on the \"Billboard\" 200 and became the first thrash metal album to be certified platinum.", "Master of Puppets __knowledge__ It was certified 6× platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in 2003 for shipping six million copies in the United States.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ Murphy's law is an adage or epigram that is typically stated as: \"Anything that can go wrong will go wrong\".", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ The perceived perversity of the universe has long been a subject of comment, and precursors to the modern version of Murphy's law are not hard to find.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ The concept may be as old as humanity.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ Recent significant research in this area has been conducted by members of the American Dialect Society.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ Society member Stephen Goranson has found a version of the law, not yet generalized or bearing that name, in a report by Alfred Holt at an 1877 meeting of an engineering society.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ It is found that anything that can go wrong at sea generally does go wrong sooner or later, so it is not to be wondered that owners prefer the safe to the scientific ...", "Metallica (album) __knowledge__ Metallica (commonly known as The Black Album) is the self-titled fifth studio album by American heavy metal band Metallica.", "Metallica (album) __knowledge__ Released on August 12, 1991 by Elektra Records, it received widespread critical acclaim and became the band's best-selling album.", "Metallica (album) __knowledge__ \"Metallica\" produced five singles that are considered to be among the band's best-known songs, which include \"Enter Sandman\", \"The Unforgiven\", \"Nothing Else Matters\", \"Wherever I May Roam\", and \"Sad but True\".", "Metallica (album) __knowledge__ A sixth song, \"Don't Tread on Me\", was also issued to rock radio shortly after the album's release, but the song did not receive a commercial single release.", "Kill 'Em All __knowledge__ Kill 'Em All is the debut studio album by the American heavy metal band Metallica, released on July 25, 1983, by the independent record label Megaforce Records.", "Kill 'Em All __knowledge__ \"Kill 'Em All\" is regarded as a groundbreaking album for thrash metal because of its precise musicianship, which fuses new wave of British heavy metal riffs with hardcore punk tempos.", "Kill 'Em All __knowledge__ The album's musical approach and lyrics were markedly different from rock's mainstream of the early 1980s and inspired a number of bands who followed in similar manner.", "Kill 'Em All __knowledge__ The album did not enter the \"Billboard\" 200 until 1986, when it peaked at number 155, following Metallica's commercial success with its third studio album \"Master of Puppets\"; the 1988 Elektra reissue peaked at number 120.", "Guitar Hero: Metallica __knowledge__ Guitar Hero: Metallica is a music rhythm game developed by Neversoft, published by Activision and distributed by RedOctane.", "Guitar Hero: Metallica __knowledge__ The game was released in North America on the PlayStation 3, Wii, and Xbox 360 on March 29, 2009 and on PlayStation 2 on April 14, 2009, with an Australian and European release in May 2009.", "Guitar Hero: Metallica __knowledge__ \"Guitar Hero: Metallica\" is the second game of the \"Guitar Hero\" series to focus on the career and songs of one band following \"\".", "Guitar Hero: Metallica __knowledge__ The game is based on \"Guitar Hero World Tour\", with support for lead and bass guitar, drums, and vocals.", "Guitar Hero: Metallica __knowledge__ The game has many of the same features from \"World Tour\", including single-player and band Career modes, online competitive modes, and the ability to create and share songs through \"GHTunes\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ In 1968, three of the genre's most famous acts, Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple were founded.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Though they came to attract wide audiences, they were often derided by critics.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence; Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden and Saxon followed in a similar vein.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as \"metalheads\" or \"headbangers\".", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with groups such as Mötley Crüe and Poison.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Underground scenes produced an array of more aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, while other extreme subgenres of metal such as death metal and black metal remain subcultural phenomena.", "Specimens of Archaeopteryx __knowledge__ Archaeopteryx fossils from the quarries of Solnhofen limestone represent the most famous and well-known fossils from this area.", "Specimens of Archaeopteryx __knowledge__ They are highly significant to paleontology and avian evolution in that they document the fossil record's oldest-known birds.", "Specimens of Archaeopteryx __knowledge__ Over the years, twelve body fossil specimens of \"Archaeopteryx\" and a feather that may belong to it have been found, though one of these specimens was reassigned to another genus by two researchers in 2017.", "Specimens of Archaeopteryx __knowledge__ All of the fossils come from the upper Jurassic lithographic limestone deposits, quarried for centuries, near Solnhofen, Germany.", "Specimens of Archaeopteryx __knowledge__ The initial discovery, a single feather, was unearthed in 1860 or 1861 and described in 1861 by Christian Erich Hermann von Meyer.", "Yngwie Malmsteen __knowledge__ Yngwie Johan Malmsteen (; born Lars Johan Yngve Lannerbäck; 30 June 1963) is a Swedish guitarist and bandleader.", "Yngwie Malmsteen __knowledge__ Malmsteen first became known in the 1980s for his neoclassical metal playing style in heavy metal, and has released 20 studio albums in a career spanning almost 40 years.", "Yngwie Malmsteen __knowledge__ In 2009, \"Time\" magazine rated Malmsteen as among the 10 greatest electric guitar players of all time.", "Yngwie Malmsteen __knowledge__ Malmsteen was born Lars Johan Yngve Lannerbäck in Stockholm, Sweden, the third child of a musical family.", "Yngwie Malmsteen __knowledge__ At the age of ten Malmsteen created his first band, Track on Earth, consisting of himself and a friend from school playing the drums.", "Michael Hedges __knowledge__ Michael Alden Hedges (December 31, 1953 – December 2, 1997) was an American composer, acoustic guitarist and singer-songwriter.", "Michael Hedges __knowledge__ Michael Hedges was born in Sacramento, California, the son of Dr. Thayne Alden Hedges and Ruth Evelyn Hedges Ipsen.", "Michael Hedges __knowledge__ Hedges' life in music began in Enid, Oklahoma, as he flirted with various instruments before focusing on flute and guitar.", "Michael Hedges __knowledge__ He eventually enrolled at Phillips University in Enid to study classical guitar and composition under E. J. Ulrich.", "Michael Hedges __knowledge__ Subsequently Hedges studied as a composition major at Peabody Conservatory in Baltimore, Maryland, where he applied his classically trained musical background in combination with various unusual techniques to the steel-string acoustic guitar.", "Surfin' Guitars: Instrumental Surf Bands of the Sixties __knowledge__ Surfin' Guitars: Instrumental Surf Bands of the Sixties is a book by Robert J. Dalley which covers the instrumental side of the surf genre in the 1960s and looks at groups and artists from that era.", "Surfin' Guitars: Instrumental Surf Bands of the Sixties __knowledge__ It has been published three times with the first version published in 1988 and the third in 2015.", "Surfin' Guitars: Instrumental Surf Bands of the Sixties __knowledge__ It has been quoted and referred to multiple times in books relating to surf music.", "Surfin' Guitars: Instrumental Surf Bands of the Sixties __knowledge__ The book was originally published in 1988.", "Surfin' Guitars: Instrumental Surf Bands of the Sixties __knowledge__ It consists of 421 pages and is divided into 41 chapters and each chapter chronicles a music group.", "Surfin' Guitars: Instrumental Surf Bands of the Sixties __knowledge__ It also gives a disco graphical study on the bands in the chapters.", "Surfin' Guitars: Instrumental Surf Bands of the Sixties __knowledge__ Author Dalley, himself a musician started out interviewing two former members of the group, The Surfaris.", "De Dannan __knowledge__ De Dannan (originally \"Dé Danann\") is an Irish folk music group.", "De Dannan __knowledge__ It was formed by Frankie Gavin (fiddle), Alec Finn (guitar, bouzouki), Johnny \"Ringo\" McDonagh (bodhrán) and Charlie Piggott (banjo) as a result of sessions in Hughes's Pub in An Spidéal, County Galway, with Dolores Keane (vocals) subsequently being invited to join the band.", "De Dannan __knowledge__ The fiddler Mickey Finn (1951–1987) is also acknowledged to have been a founder member.", "De Dannan __knowledge__ The band was named after the legendary Irish tribe Tuatha Dé Danann.", "De Dannan __knowledge__ In 1985 the spelling of the name was changed from \"Dé Danann\" to \"De Dannan\" for reasons that have never been made clear.", "Steroid Maximus __knowledge__ Steroid Maximus is an instrumental side project of J.G.", "Steroid Maximus __knowledge__ Thirlwell.", "Steroid Maximus __knowledge__ Thirlwell is best known for his main band, Foetus.", "Steroid Maximus __knowledge__ Steroid Maximus contains elements of jazz, big band, avant-garde, soundtrack and exotica styles.", "Steroid Maximus __knowledge__ Following the recording of Foetus Interruptus' \"Thaw\", J.G.", "Steroid Maximus __knowledge__ Thirlwell felt that too many instrumental songs were making their way onto Foetus albums.", "Steroid Maximus __knowledge__ Thirlwell's future work was split between two distinct entities: songs with lead vocals were released under the Foetus moniker, and instrumental works were released as Steroid Maximus.", "Steroid Maximus __knowledge__ The official debut of Steroid Maximus came in 1990 with the release of the single \"Volgarity\" on a flexi disc compilation.", "Year of No Light __knowledge__ Year of No Light (abbreviated as YONL) is a French post-metal band from Bordeaux formed in 2001.", "Year of No Light __knowledge__ On their debut 2006 album \"Nord\", the band combined a dark and aggressive sludge metal sound with the psychedelic atmospheres of post-rock and shoegazing.", "Year of No Light __knowledge__ In 2008, they underwent a significant line-up change which established them as an instrumental sextet as their vocalist was replaced by a third guitarist and a second drummer.", "Year of No Light __knowledge__ Thereafter, their 2010 and 2013 albums \"Ausserwelt\" and \"Tocscin\" further demonstrated black metal, doom metal, drone and dark ambient influences.", "Year of No Light __knowledge__ Year of No Light was founded in September 2001 in Bordeaux, France by Johan Sébenne, Bertrand Sébenne, Jérôme Alban and Christophe Mora (Finger Print, Undone...).", "German Gemmological Association __knowledge__ The German Gemmological Association (DGemG) is a nonprofit, technical-scientific association in the field of gemmology, located in the European gemstone center Idar-Oberstein.", "German Gemmological Association __knowledge__ The two most important points of the statutes are the promotion of gemmology as science and technique and the development of information and education in the field of gemmology.", "German Gemmological Association __knowledge__ The DGemG was founded by the gemstone dealer and gemmologist Georg Otto Wild from Idar-Oberstein in 1932.", "German Gemmological Association __knowledge__ Therefore the DGemG is one of the three oldest gemmological institutes worldwide.", "German Gemmological Association __knowledge__ Gemmological courses have been offered since 1935 and since 1952 the journal ”GEMMOLOGIE.", "Third derivative __knowledge__ In calculus, a branch of mathematics, the third derivative is the rate at which the second derivative, or the rate of change of the rate of change, is changing, used to define aberrancy.", "Third derivative __knowledge__ The third derivative of a function \"y=f(x)\" can be denoted by Other notations can be used, but the above are the most common.", "Third derivative __knowledge__ Let formula_2.", "Third derivative __knowledge__ Then formula_3, and formula_4.", "Third derivative __knowledge__ Therefore, the third derivative of \"f\"(\"x\") is, in this case, or, using Leibniz notation, Now for a more general definition.", "Third derivative __knowledge__ Let formula_7 be any function of \"x\".", "Third derivative __knowledge__ Then the third derivative of formula_7 is given by the following: The third derivative is the rate at which the second derivative (\"f\"(x)\") is changing.", "Screaming (music) __knowledge__ Screaming is an extended vocal technique that is mostly popular in \"aggressive\" music genres such as heavy metal, punk rock, and noise music.", "Screaming (music) __knowledge__ In metal, the related death growl vocal technique is also popular.", "Screaming (music) __knowledge__ Intensity, pitch and other characteristics vary between different genres and different vocalists.", "Screaming (music) __knowledge__ The following is a summary of notable genres in which screaming is often used: Although screams are often suggested in stories performed in the grand opera tradition, they were never performed literally, always being sung.", "Screaming (music) __knowledge__ The first significant example of an actual scream in an opera is in Alban Berg's \"Wozzeck\" (1922), where the eponymous character screams \"Murder!", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge (sometimes referred to as the Seattle sound) is a subgenre of alternative rock and a subculture that emerged during the in the Pacific Northwest U.S. state of Washington, particularly in Seattle and nearby towns.", "Grunge __knowledge__ The early grunge movement revolved around Seattle's independent record label Sub Pop and that region's underground music scene.", "Grunge __knowledge__ By the early 1990s its popularity had spread, with grunge bands appearing in California, then emerging in other parts of the United States and in Australia, building strong followings and signing major record deals.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge was commercially successful in the early–mid 1990s, due to releases such as Nirvana's \"Nevermind\", Pearl Jam's \"Ten\", Soundgarden's \"Superunknown\", Alice in Chains' \"Dirt\" and Stone Temple Pilots' \"Core\".", "Screaming Lord Sutch and the Savages __knowledge__ Screaming Lord Sutch and the Savages were a British rock group from the early 1960s, sporting an ever-changing line-up of musicians and a taste for horror themes and zany humour.", "Screaming Lord Sutch and the Savages __knowledge__ The group was founded by drummer Carlo Little, who was a friend of David Sutch, better known as Screaming Lord Sutch.", "Screaming Lord Sutch and the Savages __knowledge__ Of the many musicians that would play with the Savages over the years, some would go on to stardom in their own right, most notably Jimmy Page, Ritchie Blackmore, Jeff Beck, Noel Redding, Jon Lord, Matthew Fisher, Ian Hunter, Adrian Gurvitz, actor Paul Nicholas, and Nicky Hopkins.", "Screaming Lord Sutch and the Savages __knowledge__ The disputed current line-up is at the bottom of the list.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ State of Florida v. George Zimmerman was a criminal prosecution of George Zimmerman on the charge of second-degree murder stemming from the shooting of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ On April 11, 2012, George Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ In support of the charges, the State filed an affidavit of probable cause, stating that Zimmerman profiled and confronted Martin and shot him to death while Martin was committing no crimes.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ Florida State Attorney Angela Corey announced the charges against Zimmerman during a televised press conference and reported that Zimmerman was in custody after turning himself in to law enforcement.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ The screaming cowbird (\"Molothrus rufoaxillaris\") is an obligate brood parasite belonging to the family Icteridae and is found in South America.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ It is also known commonly as the short billed cowbird.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ The screaming cowbird has mildly iridescent black plumage; the lesser under-wing coverts are rufous.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ The female is slightly duller in colour than the male.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ The legs are black and the iris is reddish brown.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ Adult body length is 18–21 cm and mean adult weight is 58 g for males and 48 g for females.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ The call of the screaming cowbird was first described as \"impetuous screaming notes\"; however, a more useful description for field identification is noisy, explosive and piercing with rasp like calls also produced Screaming cowbirds are mostly seen in pairs or small flocks." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ In 1968, three of the genre's most famous acts, Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple were founded.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Though they came to attract wide audiences, they were often derided by critics.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence; Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden and Saxon followed in a similar vein.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as \"metalheads\" or \"headbangers\".", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with groups such as Mötley Crüe and Poison.", "Heavy metal music __knowledge__ Underground scenes produced an array of more aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, while other extreme subgenres of metal such as death metal and black metal remain subcultural phenomena.", "Metallica __knowledge__ Metallica is an American heavy metal band from Los Angeles, California.", "Metallica __knowledge__ The band was formed in 1981 by drummer Lars Ulrich and vocalist/guitarist James Hetfield.", "Metallica __knowledge__ The band's fast tempos, instrumentals and aggressive musicianship made them one of the founding \"big four\" bands of thrash metal, alongside Megadeth, Anthrax and Slayer.", "Metallica __knowledge__ Metallica's current lineup comprises founding members Hetfield and Ulrich, longtime lead guitarist Kirk Hammett and bassist Robert Trujillo.", "Metallica __knowledge__ Guitarist Dave Mustaine (who formed Megadeth) and bassists Ron McGovney, Cliff Burton and Jason Newsted are former members of the band.", "Metallica (album) __knowledge__ Metallica (commonly known as The Black Album) is the self-titled fifth studio album by American heavy metal band Metallica.", "Metallica (album) __knowledge__ Released on August 12, 1991 by Elektra Records, it received widespread critical acclaim and became the band's best-selling album.", "Metallica (album) __knowledge__ \"Metallica\" produced five singles that are considered to be among the band's best-known songs, which include \"Enter Sandman\", \"The Unforgiven\", \"Nothing Else Matters\", \"Wherever I May Roam\", and \"Sad but True\".", "Metallica (album) __knowledge__ A sixth song, \"Don't Tread on Me\", was also issued to rock radio shortly after the album's release, but the song did not receive a commercial single release.", "Master of Puppets __knowledge__ Master of Puppets is the third studio album by American heavy metal band Metallica.", "Master of Puppets __knowledge__ It was released on March 3, 1986 by Elektra Records.", "Master of Puppets __knowledge__ Recorded at the Sweet Silence Studios with producer Flemming Rasmussen, it was the first Metallica album released on a major record label.", "Master of Puppets __knowledge__ \"Master of Puppets\" was the band's last album to feature bassist Cliff Burton, who died in a bus accident in Sweden during the album's promotional tour.", "Master of Puppets __knowledge__ The album peaked at number 29 on the \"Billboard\" 200 and became the first thrash metal album to be certified platinum.", "Master of Puppets __knowledge__ It was certified 6× platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in 2003 for shipping six million copies in the United States.", "Ride the Lightning __knowledge__ Ride the Lightning is the second studio album by American heavy metal band Metallica, released on July 27, 1984, by the independent record label Megaforce Records.", "Ride the Lightning __knowledge__ The album was recorded in three weeks with producer Flemming Rasmussen at the Sweet Silence Studios in Copenhagen, Denmark.", "Ride the Lightning __knowledge__ The artwork, based on a concept by the band, depicts an electric chair being struck by lightning flowing from the band logo.", "Ride the Lightning __knowledge__ The title was taken from a passage in Stephen King's novel \"The Stand\".", "Ride the Lightning __knowledge__ Although rooted in the thrash metal genre, the album showcased the band's musical growth and lyrical sophistication.", "Lars Ulrich __knowledge__ Lars Ulrich (; ; born December 26, 1963) is a Danish musician, songwriter, actor, and record producer.", "Lars Ulrich __knowledge__ He is best known as the drummer and co-founder of the American heavy metal band Metallica.", "Lars Ulrich __knowledge__ The son of tennis player Torben Ulrich and grandson of tennis player Einer Ulrich, he also played tennis in his youth and moved to Los Angeles at age 16 to train professionally.", "Lars Ulrich __knowledge__ However, rather than playing tennis, Ulrich began playing the drums.", "Lars Ulrich __knowledge__ After publishing an advertisement in \"The Recycler\", Ulrich met vocalist/guitarist James Hetfield and formed Metallica.", "Lars Ulrich __knowledge__ Ulrich was born into an upper-middle-class family in Gentofte, Denmark the son of Lone (\"née\" Sylvester-Hvid) and professional tennis player Torben Ulrich.", "Kill 'Em All __knowledge__ Kill 'Em All is the debut studio album by the American heavy metal band Metallica, released on July 25, 1983, by the independent record label Megaforce Records.", "Kill 'Em All __knowledge__ \"Kill 'Em All\" is regarded as a groundbreaking album for thrash metal because of its precise musicianship, which fuses new wave of British heavy metal riffs with hardcore punk tempos.", "Kill 'Em All __knowledge__ The album's musical approach and lyrics were markedly different from rock's mainstream of the early 1980s and inspired a number of bands who followed in similar manner.", "Kill 'Em All __knowledge__ The album did not enter the \"Billboard\" 200 until 1986, when it peaked at number 155, following Metallica's commercial success with its third studio album \"Master of Puppets\"; the 1988 Elektra reissue peaked at number 120.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ State of Florida v. George Zimmerman was a criminal prosecution of George Zimmerman on the charge of second-degree murder stemming from the shooting of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ On April 11, 2012, George Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ In support of the charges, the State filed an affidavit of probable cause, stating that Zimmerman profiled and confronted Martin and shot him to death while Martin was committing no crimes.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ Florida State Attorney Angela Corey announced the charges against Zimmerman during a televised press conference and reported that Zimmerman was in custody after turning himself in to law enforcement.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge (sometimes referred to as the Seattle sound) is a subgenre of alternative rock and a subculture that emerged during the in the Pacific Northwest U.S. state of Washington, particularly in Seattle and nearby towns.", "Grunge __knowledge__ The early grunge movement revolved around Seattle's independent record label Sub Pop and that region's underground music scene.", "Grunge __knowledge__ By the early 1990s its popularity had spread, with grunge bands appearing in California, then emerging in other parts of the United States and in Australia, building strong followings and signing major record deals.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge was commercially successful in the early–mid 1990s, due to releases such as Nirvana's \"Nevermind\", Pearl Jam's \"Ten\", Soundgarden's \"Superunknown\", Alice in Chains' \"Dirt\" and Stone Temple Pilots' \"Core\".", "Screaming (music) __knowledge__ Screaming is an extended vocal technique that is mostly popular in \"aggressive\" music genres such as heavy metal, punk rock, and noise music.", "Screaming (music) __knowledge__ In metal, the related death growl vocal technique is also popular.", "Screaming (music) __knowledge__ Intensity, pitch and other characteristics vary between different genres and different vocalists.", "Screaming (music) __knowledge__ The following is a summary of notable genres in which screaming is often used: Although screams are often suggested in stories performed in the grand opera tradition, they were never performed literally, always being sung.", "Screaming (music) __knowledge__ The first significant example of an actual scream in an opera is in Alban Berg's \"Wozzeck\" (1922), where the eponymous character screams \"Murder!", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ The screaming cowbird (\"Molothrus rufoaxillaris\") is an obligate brood parasite belonging to the family Icteridae and is found in South America.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ It is also known commonly as the short billed cowbird.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ The screaming cowbird has mildly iridescent black plumage; the lesser under-wing coverts are rufous.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ The female is slightly duller in colour than the male.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ The legs are black and the iris is reddish brown.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ Adult body length is 18–21 cm and mean adult weight is 58 g for males and 48 g for females.", "Screaming cowbird __knowledge__ The call of the screaming cowbird was first described as \"impetuous screaming notes\"; however, a more useful description for field identification is noisy, explosive and piercing with rasp like calls also produced Screaming cowbirds are mostly seen in pairs or small flocks.", "Screaming __knowledge__ A scream, shout, yell, shriek, hoot, holler, vociferation, outcry, bellow, or raising one's voice is a loud vocalization in which air is passed through the vocal folds with greater force than is used in regular or close-distance vocalisation.", "Screaming __knowledge__ This can be performed by any creature possessing lungs, including humans.", "Screaming __knowledge__ There are slight differences in meaning among them; for example, \"scream\" and \"shriek\" generally refer to a higher-pitched, sharp sound, used by some birds and other animals, and a \"hoot\", such as emitted by an owl, usually does not involve words.", "Screaming __knowledge__ A scream is often an instinctive or reflex action, with a strong emotional aspect, like fear, pain, surprise, joy, anger, etc.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Charm School with Ricki Lake is the third and final season of the VH1 reality television series \"Charm School\".", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Fourteen contestants from \"Rock of Love Bus with Bret Michaels\" and \"Real Chance of Love\" must change their old ways and learn improvement through acts of charity work.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Ricki Lake is the headmistress of the Charm School, and is assisted by deans Alani \"La La\" Vazquez and Stryker.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Ebony Jones (Risky) was ultimately named Charm School Queen and was awarded the $100,000.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ \"First Aired May 11, 2009 This season of \"Charm School\" opens with fourteen women from \"Rock of Love Bus\" and \"Real Chance of Love\" on a bus traveling to meet their headmistress, Ricki Lake." ] ]

[ 10, 47, 65, 48 ]

[ "I like it. You can't go wrong with the aggressive style of Metallica", "Not a lot of screaming, but it's a fast temop and agreesive style. ", "Not a lot of screaming, but it's loud and intense", "Yes, of that genre. I like grunge too. SOundgarden was good" ]

[ "Heavy metal music", "Heavy metal music", "Heavy metal music", "Heavy metal music" ]

[ "Orc", "Oh sweet. On the contrary I am interested in creatures like orcs. There are many different kinds though. ", "Okay sure. They are often characterized as a vicious and ferocious creature. I hear they eat their own kinds?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Orc __knowledge__ An orc (also spelled as ork) is a fictional humanoid creature that is part of a fantasy race akin to goblins.", "Orc __knowledge__ While the overall concept of orcs draws on a variety of pre-existing mythology, the main conception of the creatures stems from the fantasy writings of J. R. R. Tolkien, in particular \"The Lord of the Rings\".", "Orc __knowledge__ In Tolkien's works, orcs are a brutish, aggressive, repulsive and generally malevolent species, existing in stark contrast with the benevolent Elvish race and generally serve an evil power.", "Orc __knowledge__ Tolkien's concept of orcs has subsequently been adapted and imported into other works of fantasy fiction as well as role-playing and strategy games (such as \"Dungeons & Dragons\", \"Warhammer\", and \"Warcraft\"), broadening the recognition of the creatures in popular culture.", "Orc __knowledge__ Earlier references to creatures etymologically or conceptually similar to orcs can be found in Anglo-Saxon sources; including \"Beowulf\" and 16th-century Italian folk tales, in particular those of Giambattista Basile.", "Orc __knowledge__ In popular culture (including fantasy fiction and fantasy games), orcs are variously portrayed but tend towards the descriptions originally set down by Tolkien.", "Orc __knowledge__ They are of approximately human shape (with bowed legs and long arms) and of varying size." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Orc __knowledge__ An orc (also spelled as ork) is a fictional humanoid creature that is part of a fantasy race akin to goblins.", "Orc __knowledge__ While the overall concept of orcs draws on a variety of pre-existing mythology, the main conception of the creatures stems from the fantasy writings of J. R. R. Tolkien, in particular \"The Lord of the Rings\".", "Orc __knowledge__ In Tolkien's works, orcs are a brutish, aggressive, repulsive and generally malevolent species, existing in stark contrast with the benevolent Elvish race and generally serve an evil power.", "Orc __knowledge__ Tolkien's concept of orcs has subsequently been adapted and imported into other works of fantasy fiction as well as role-playing and strategy games (such as \"Dungeons & Dragons\", \"Warhammer\", and \"Warcraft\"), broadening the recognition of the creatures in popular culture.", "Orc __knowledge__ Earlier references to creatures etymologically or conceptually similar to orcs can be found in Anglo-Saxon sources; including \"Beowulf\" and 16th-century Italian folk tales, in particular those of Giambattista Basile.", "Orc __knowledge__ In popular culture (including fantasy fiction and fantasy games), orcs are variously portrayed but tend towards the descriptions originally set down by Tolkien.", "Orc __knowledge__ They are of approximately human shape (with bowed legs and long arms) and of varying size.", "Orc (Middle-earth) __knowledge__ In J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy writings, Orcs are a race of creatures who are used as soldiers and henchmen by both the greater and lesser villains of \"The Silmarillion\", \"The Hobbit\" and \"The Lord of the Rings\"—Morgoth, Sauron and Saruman.", "Orc (Middle-earth) __knowledge__ Although not entirely dim-witted and occasionally crafty, they are portrayed as miserable beings, hating everyone including themselves and their masters, whom they serve out of fear.", "Orc (Middle-earth) __knowledge__ They make no beautiful things, but rather design cunning devices made to hurt and destroy.", "Orc (Middle-earth) __knowledge__ In some of his unpublished early work, Tolkien appears to distinguish orcs from goblins.", "Races and factions of Warcraft __knowledge__ The fantasy setting of the \"Warcraft\" series includes many fictional races and factions.", "Races and factions of Warcraft __knowledge__ Most of the primary protagonists of the series belong to either the Horde or the Alliance.", "Races and factions of Warcraft __knowledge__ However, there are a variety of neutral races and factions, who are either friendly or hostile to both the Horde and the Alliance.", "Races and factions of Warcraft __knowledge__ All player characters belong to either the Horde or the Alliance, with a character's faction decided by its race.", "Races and factions of Warcraft __knowledge__ One exception is the pandaren, who can choose to become members of either faction.", "Races and factions of Warcraft __knowledge__ By the time of \"\" the Horde and the Alliance both fight against the Burning Legion and the undead Scourge, who are the primary villains of \"Warcraft III\" and \"World of Warcraft\".", "Orc (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ In the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" roleplaying game, orcs are a primitive race of savage, bestial, barbaric humanoid.", "Orc (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ The orc was one of the earliest creatures introduced in the \"D&D\" game.", "Orc (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ The \"D&D\" orc is largely based upon the orcs appearing in the works of J. R. R. Tolkien.", "Orc (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ The orc was one of the first monsters introduced in the earliest edition of the game, in the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" \"white box\" set (1974), where they were described as tribal creatures that live in caves or villages.", "Orc (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ The orc appears in the first edition \"Monster Manual\" (1977), where it is described as a fiercely competitive bully, a tribal creature often living underground.", "List of Warcraft universe characters __knowledge__ Major and recurring characters from the fantasy series \"Warcraft\" are listed below.", "List of Warcraft universe characters __knowledge__ The series began with Blizzard Entertainment's 1994 video game \"\", and continued with \"\", \"\", \"\", \"\", \"World of Warcraft\", \"\", \"\", \"\", \"\", \"\", \"\" and \"\".", "List of Warcraft universe characters __knowledge__ The franchise has been further extended with a series of novels, graphic novels, a live-action film, and other works.", "List of Warcraft universe characters __knowledge__ Aegwynn was the penultimate Guardian of Tirisfal.", "List of Warcraft universe characters __knowledge__ She was a mortal champion imbued with the magic of a secret council who would utilize their collective powers to fight a never-ending secret war against the Burning Legion.", "List of Warcraft universe characters __knowledge__ Aegwynn grew powerful over the years and used her powers to extend her life significantly.", "Middle-earth wars and battles __knowledge__ J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth fantasy writings include many wars and battles set in the lands of Aman, Beleriand, Númenor, and Middle-earth.", "Middle-earth wars and battles __knowledge__ These are related in his various books such as \"The Hobbit\" and \"The Lord of the Rings\", and \"The Silmarillion\", \"Unfinished Tales\" and other posthumously published books edited by his son Christopher Tolkien.", "Middle-earth wars and battles __knowledge__ These are given below in an in-universe, fictional chronology: The Kinslayings are the collective term for the three battles fought between the Eldar.", "Middle-earth wars and battles __knowledge__ The first battle, the Kinslaying at Alqualondë (Swanhaven), appears in print in \"The Silmarillion\".", "Middle-earth __knowledge__ Middle-earth is the fictional setting of much of British writer J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium.", "Middle-earth __knowledge__ The term is equivalent to the term \"Midgard\" of Norse mythology, describing the human-inhabited world, i.e.", "Middle-earth __knowledge__ the central continent of the Earth in Tolkien's imagined mythological past.", "Middle-earth __knowledge__ Tolkien's most widely read works, \"The Hobbit\" and \"The Lord of the Rings\", take place entirely in Middle-earth, and \"Middle-earth\" has also become a short-hand to refer to the legandarium and Tolkiens fictional take on the world.", "Middle-earth __knowledge__ Within his stories, Tolkien translated the name \"Middle-earth\" as \"Endor\" (or sometimes \"Endórë\") and \"Ennor\" in the Elvish languages Quenya and Sindarin respectively, sometimes referring only to the continent that the stories take place on, with another southern continent called the Dark Land.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The Lord of the Rings is an epic high fantasy novel written by English author and scholar J. R. R. Tolkien.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The story began as a sequel to Tolkien's 1937 fantasy novel \"The Hobbit\", but eventually developed into a much larger work.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ Written in stages between 1937 and 1949, \"The Lord of the Rings\" is one of the best-selling novels ever written, with over 150 million copies sold.", "The Lord of the Rings __knowledge__ The title of the novel refers to the story's main antagonist, the Dark Lord Sauron, who had in an earlier age created the One Ring to rule the other Rings of Power as the ultimate weapon in his campaign to conquer and rule all of Middle-earth.", "Sauron __knowledge__ Sauron is the title character and main antagonist of J. R. R. Tolkien's \"The Lord of the Rings\".", "Sauron __knowledge__ In the same work, he is identified as the Necromancer, mentioned in Tolkien's earlier novel \"The Hobbit\".", "Sauron __knowledge__ In Tolkien's \"The Silmarillion\" (published posthumously by Tolkien's son Christopher Tolkien), he is also described as the chief lieutenant of the first Dark Lord, Morgoth.", "Sauron __knowledge__ Tolkien noted that the Ainur, the \"angelic\" powers of his constructed myth, \"were capable of many degrees of error and failing\", but by far the worst was \"the absolute Satanic rebellion and evil of Morgoth and his satellite Sauron\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Orc __knowledge__ An orc (also spelled as ork) is a fictional humanoid creature that is part of a fantasy race akin to goblins.", "Orc __knowledge__ While the overall concept of orcs draws on a variety of pre-existing mythology, the main conception of the creatures stems from the fantasy writings of J. R. R. Tolkien, in particular \"The Lord of the Rings\".", "Orc __knowledge__ In Tolkien's works, orcs are a brutish, aggressive, repulsive and generally malevolent species, existing in stark contrast with the benevolent Elvish race and generally serve an evil power.", "Orc __knowledge__ Tolkien's concept of orcs has subsequently been adapted and imported into other works of fantasy fiction as well as role-playing and strategy games (such as \"Dungeons & Dragons\", \"Warhammer\", and \"Warcraft\"), broadening the recognition of the creatures in popular culture.", "Orc __knowledge__ Earlier references to creatures etymologically or conceptually similar to orcs can be found in Anglo-Saxon sources; including \"Beowulf\" and 16th-century Italian folk tales, in particular those of Giambattista Basile.", "Orc __knowledge__ In popular culture (including fantasy fiction and fantasy games), orcs are variously portrayed but tend towards the descriptions originally set down by Tolkien.", "Orc __knowledge__ They are of approximately human shape (with bowed legs and long arms) and of varying size.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ This is a list of creatures in the fictional \"Star Wars\" universe.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ To be listed here, creatures must be noted in multiple canonical sources.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ An Acklay is a large non-Sentient creature resembling an Earth's praying mantis.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is a Crustacean.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is equipped with three eyes and six legs with four digits each, the fourth of which terminates in an elongated scythe-like claw and a crest to protect it from air attack.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ As a carnivore, it possesses a mouth full of long, sharp teeth that it uses for catching fish.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It originated on Vendaxa, but has since adapted to other environments such as Felucia and Geonosis.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ The following is a complete list of creatures from the universe of ITV science fiction television series \"Primeval\" and also any spin-off media, including \"\" (\"PNW\").", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ The series includes various imaginary species which are not native to the series setting, with some being prehistoric and others being futuristic.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ Various creatures were designed with some artistic license, for dramatic effect.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ A number of creatures from the \"Walking with...\" series were also reimagined for dramatic effect.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ In 2007 Character Options announced they would create \"Primeval\" action figures, including both a flying Rex and a large plush toy Rex, Future Predators, \"Hesperornis\" and dodos.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders episodes __knowledge__ Between the Megalith and Ethos Sagas, there are a total of 52 episodes of \"Di-Gata Defenders\".", "List of Di-Gata Defenders episodes __knowledge__ Dates shown are original airdates on Teletoon.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders episodes __knowledge__ The first three episodes were shown as a 90-minute sneak preview on August 5, 2006.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders episodes __knowledge__ The Defenders' secret training is interrupted when an earthquake signals that the monstrously evil Megalith is breaking free.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders episodes __knowledge__ Their mentor, Professor Alnar reveals to them that their training will not be completed.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders episodes __knowledge__ They must immediately embark on a dangerous mission to re-imprison the Megalith by recovering the four Pure Stones.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders episodes __knowledge__ Before the Defenders can leave the Dojo and start on their epic quest they are attacked by a vicious Rock Serpent and must face their first full on Di-Gata Battle!", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Brian Jacques' fantasy series \"Redwall\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the Abbey Warriors from the books \"The Legend of Luke\" to \"Eulalia!\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Martin I is an anthropomorphic mouse, appearing in the \"Redwall\" series by Brian Jacques.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Known as \"Martin the Warrior\" throughout the Redwall series, Martin, a woodland mouse, is the son of Luke the Warrior and his mate Sayna.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke is the kindly leader of an idyllic tribe of mice.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Their settlement is sacked by a wicked stoat pirate named Vilu Daskar, and Sayna is killed.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke vows revenge against the corsair captain and sets out after him, refusing Martin's wishes to join him, but leaving his sword in his son's possession.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ The \"Deltora\" series features a wide line of characters, both important and minor.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ The series also features many different monsters and creatures that appeared in all of the many different books.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ This article is a list of the many different characters and creatures that have appeared in the Deltora series.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ Lief was raised as a blacksmith's son in the run-down city of Del after the invasion.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ Hot-headed and impatient at the start of the series, all he wanted to do was go out and explore the city.", "List of Deltora Quest characters __knowledge__ On the night of his sixteenth birthday, he leaves on his father's quest to restore the Belt of Deltora, the only thing that can save their land and the heir from the tyranny of the Shadow Lord.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ \"Loveline\" has frequent games and traditions in which phone callers, guests, and the hosts participate.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ Most of the games and traditions come and leave with their respective hosts.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ Engineer Anderson Cowan is fond of splicing up phrases Drew, Adam, Stryker, and guests have uttered on previous shows and \"dropping\" them into new shows mid-call, to the confusion of callers and amusement of seasoned listeners.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ Some favorites are: Some of the Drew Drops were set to music in the \"Dr. Drew Shuffle\" and the later \"Dr. Drew Boogie.\"", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ There are some other drops taken from a skit on the television show \"Crank Yankers\".", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men are a culture jamming activist duo and network of supporters created by Jacques Servin and Igor Vamos.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ Through actions of tactical media, the Yes Men primarily aim to raise awareness about problematic social and political issues.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ To date, the duo have produced three films: \"The Yes Men\" (2003), \"The Yes Men Fix the World\" (2009) and \"The Yes Men Are Revolting\" (2014).", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ In these films, they impersonate entities that they dislike, a practice that they call \"identity correction\".", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men operate under the mission statement that lies can expose truth.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ They create and maintain fake websites similar to ones they intend to spoof, which have led to numerous interview, conference, and TV talk show invitations.", "List of Teen Titans characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the major and minor characters featured in and/or created specifically for the Cartoon Network and Kids' WB animated series \"Teen Titans\" and related properties.", "List of Teen Titans characters __knowledge__ Although he is the only one of the group without any superpowers, by virtue of his heroic experience and reputation, Robin is the highly disciplined leader of the Teen Titans.", "List of Teen Titans characters __knowledge__ As elaborated upon in the \"Go\" episode, Robin forms the group after aiding Starfire in her escape from captivity, with the help of Beast Boy, Cyborg, and Raven.", "List of Teen Titans characters __knowledge__ Prior to this, he left his mentor, Batman, (though not mentioned by name), in an effort to make it on their own as a crime-fighters.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Technological convergence __knowledge__ This article describe science and technology convergence, with illustrations to convergence of emerging technologies (NBIC, nano-, bio-, info- and cognitive technologies) and convergence of media technology.", "Technological convergence __knowledge__ \"\"Convergence is a deep integration of knowledge, tools, and all relevant activities of human activity for a common goal, to allow society to answer new questions to change the respective physical or social ecosystem.", "Technological convergence __knowledge__ Such changes in the respective ecosystem open new trends, pathways, and opportunities in the following divergent phase of the process\"\" (Roco 2002, Bainbridge and Roco 2016 ).", "List of Masters of the Universe characters __knowledge__ The Masters of the Universe franchise debuted in 1982, the creation of American company Mattel.", "List of Masters of the Universe characters __knowledge__ The MOTU characters have appeared in a wide variety of different forms, including toys, animation, film, comics, books, videogames and spin-offs.", "List of Masters of the Universe characters __knowledge__ All of these characters were released in the vintage Mattel toyline.", "List of Masters of the Universe characters __knowledge__ He-Man is \"the most powerful man in the universe\" and in most media he is the alter-ego of Prince Adam.", "List of Masters of the Universe characters __knowledge__ He is armed with a power harness that enhances his strength, the Sword of Power, a battle axe, and a shield.", "List of Masters of the Universe characters __knowledge__ Early media, such as the minicomics packaged with the original run of action figures, also depicts him carrying a knife.", "List of Hunter × Hunter characters __knowledge__ The \"Hunter × Hunter\" manga and anime series features an extensive cast of characters created by Yoshihiro Togashi.", "List of Hunter × Hunter characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in a fictional universe where licensed specialists known as Hunters travel the world taking on special jobs ranging from treasure hunting to assassinations.", "List of Hunter × Hunter characters __knowledge__ The story focuses on 12-year-old Gon Freecss and his quest to become a Hunter in order to find his father, Ging Freecss, who is himself a famous Hunter.", "List of Hunter × Hunter characters __knowledge__ While on his quest, Gon meets and becomes close friends with three other members who are also on a quest to become Hunters for their own reasons.", "List of Hunter × Hunter characters __knowledge__ is the main protagonist of the series and an athletic, naïve, and friendly boy." ] ]

[ 2, 1, 5 ]

[ "I hope you don't scare to easy. i have tales to tell you of orcs like in lord of the rings. ", "yes, beside being fictitious and humanoid, there is a large group from different media. ", "that could be true. References go as far back as the 16th century, so I'm sure they have done that. " ]

[ "Orc", "Orc", "Orc" ]

[ "Visual acuity", "Lucky! I have horrible eyesight. I have to wear glasses. Does visual acuity mean 20/20 or better?", "I'm guessing refractive errors make it harder for them to see? How good is your vision?", "You are so lucky. I am nearsighted, so whenever I take my glasses off, I'm practically blind." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity is dependent on optical and neural factors, i.e., (i) the sharpness of the retinal focus within the eye, (ii) the health and functioning of the retina, and (iii) the sensitivity of the interpretative faculty of the brain.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ A common cause of low visual acuity is refractive error (ametropia), or errors in how the light is refracted in the eyeball.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Causes of refractive errors include aberrations in the shape of the eyeball, the shape of the cornea, and reduced flexibility of the lens.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Too high or too low refractive error (in relation to the length of the eyeball) is the cause of nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia) (normal refractive status is referred to as emmetropia).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Other optical causes are astigmatism or more complex corneal irregularities.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ These anomalies can mostly be corrected by optical means (such as eyeglasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, etc.).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Neural factors that limit acuity are located in the retina or the brain (or the pathway leading there).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Examples for the first are a detached retina and macular degeneration, to name just two.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Another common impairment, amblyopia, is caused by the visual brain not having developed properly in early childhood." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity is dependent on optical and neural factors, i.e., (i) the sharpness of the retinal focus within the eye, (ii) the health and functioning of the retina, and (iii) the sensitivity of the interpretative faculty of the brain.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ A common cause of low visual acuity is refractive error (ametropia), or errors in how the light is refracted in the eyeball.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Causes of refractive errors include aberrations in the shape of the eyeball, the shape of the cornea, and reduced flexibility of the lens.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Too high or too low refractive error (in relation to the length of the eyeball) is the cause of nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia) (normal refractive status is referred to as emmetropia).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Other optical causes are astigmatism or more complex corneal irregularities.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ These anomalies can mostly be corrected by optical means (such as eyeglasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, etc.).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Neural factors that limit acuity are located in the retina or the brain (or the pathway leading there).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Examples for the first are a detached retina and macular degeneration, to name just two.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Another common impairment, amblyopia, is caused by the visual brain not having developed properly in early childhood.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss, is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses or contact lenses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment is often defined as a best corrected visual acuity of worse than either 20/40 or 20/60.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The term blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment may cause people difficulties with normal daily activities such as driving, reading, socializing, and walking.", "Eye chart __knowledge__ An eye chart invented by Ferdinand Monoyer, is a chart used to measure visual acuity.", "Eye chart __knowledge__ Eye charts are often used by health care professionals, such as optometrists, physicians or nurses, to screen persons for vision impairment.", "Eye chart __knowledge__ Ophthalmologists, physicians who specialize in the eye, also use eye charts to monitor the visual acuity of their patients in response to various therapies such as medications or surgery.", "Eye chart __knowledge__ The chart is placed at a standardized distance away from the person whose vision is being tested.", "Eye chart __knowledge__ The person then attempts to identify the symbols on the chart, starting with the larger symbols and continuing with progressively smaller symbols until the person cannot identify the symbols.", "Stereopsis recovery __knowledge__ Stereopsis recovery, also recovery from stereoblindness, is the phenomenon of a stereoblind person gaining partial or full ability of stereo vision (stereopsis).", "Stereopsis recovery __knowledge__ Recovering stereo vision as far as possible has long been established as an approach to the therapeutic treatment of stereoblind patients.", "Stereopsis recovery __knowledge__ Treatment aims to recover stereo vision in very young children, as well as in patients who had acquired but lost their ability for stereopsis due to a medical condition.", "Stereopsis recovery __knowledge__ In contrast, this aim has normally not been present in the treatment of those who missed out on learning stereopsis during their first few years of life.", "Snellen chart __knowledge__ A Snellen chart is an eye chart that can be used to measure visual acuity.", "Snellen chart __knowledge__ Snellen charts are named after the Dutch ophthalmologist Herman Snellen who developed the chart in 1862.", "Snellen chart __knowledge__ Many ophthalmologists and vision scientists now use an improved chart known as the LogMAR chart.", "Snellen chart __knowledge__ Snellen developed charts using symbols based in a 5×5 unit grid.", "Snellen chart __knowledge__ The experimental charts developed in 1861 used abstract symbols.", "Snellen chart __knowledge__ Snellen's charts published in 1862 used alphanumeric capitals in the 5×5 grid.", "Snellen chart __knowledge__ The original chart shows A, C, E, G, L, N, P, R, T, 5, V, Z, B, D, 4, F, H, K, O, S, 3, U, Y, A, C, E, G, L, 2.", "Snellen chart __knowledge__ The normal Snellen chart is printed with eleven lines of block letters.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ Spaceflight induced visual impairment is hypothesized to be a result of increased intracranial pressure.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ The study of visual changes and intracranial pressure (ICP) in astronauts on long-duration flights is a relatively recent topic of interest to Space Medicine professionals.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ Although reported signs and symptoms have not appeared to be severe enough to cause blindness in the near term, long term consequences of chronically elevated intracranial pressure is unknown.", "Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure __knowledge__ NASA has reported that fifteen long-duration male astronauts (45–55 years of age) have experienced confirmed visual and anatomical changes during or after long-duration flights.", "Bates method __knowledge__ The Bates method is an alternative therapy aimed at improving eyesight.", "Bates method __knowledge__ Eye-care physician William Horatio Bates, M.D.", "Bates method __knowledge__ (1860–1931) attributed nearly all sight problems to habitual strain of the eyes, and felt that glasses were harmful and never necessary.", "Bates method __knowledge__ Bates self-published a book, \"\", as well as a magazine, \"\", (and earlier collaborated with Bernarr MacFadden on a correspondence course) detailing his approach to helping people relax such \"strain\", and thus, he claimed, improve their sight.", "Bates method __knowledge__ His techniques centered on visualization and movement.", "Bates method __knowledge__ He placed particular emphasis on imagining black letters and marks, and the movement of such.", "Bird vision __knowledge__ Vision is the most important sense for birds, since good eyesight is essential for safe flight, and this group has a number of adaptations which give visual acuity superior to that of other vertebrate groups; a pigeon has been described as \"two eyes with wings\".", "Bird vision __knowledge__ The avian eye resembles that of a reptile, with ciliary muscles that can change the shape of the lens rapidly and to a greater extent than in the mammals.", "Bird vision __knowledge__ Birds have the largest eyes relative to their size in the animal kingdom, and movement is consequently limited within the eye's bony socket.", "Bird vision __knowledge__ In addition to the two eyelids usually found in vertebrates, it is protected by a third transparent movable membrane.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ B3 is a medical based Paralympic classification for blind sport.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ Competitors in this classification have partial sight, with visual acuity from 2/60 to 6/60.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ It is used by a number of blind sports including para-alpine skiing, para-Nordic skiing, blind cricket, blind golf, five-a-side football, goalball and judo.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ Some other sports, including adaptive rowing, athletics and swimming, have equivalents to this class.", "B3 (classification) __knowledge__ The B3 classification was first created by the IBSA in the 1970s, and has largely remained unchanged since despite an effort by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) to move towards a more functional and evidence-based classification system.", "Lea test __knowledge__ The LEA Vision Test System is a series of pediatric vision tests designed specifically for children who do not know how to read the letters of the alphabet that are typically used in eye charts.", "Lea test __knowledge__ There are numerous variants of the LEA test which can be used to assess the visual capabilities of near vision and distance vision, as well as several other aspects of occupational health, such as contrast sensitivity, visual field, color vision, visual adaptation, motion perception, and ocular function and accommodation (eye).", "Lea test __knowledge__ The first version of the LEA test was developed in 1976 by Finnish pediatric ophthalmologist Lea Hyvärinen, MD, PhD." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity is dependent on optical and neural factors, i.e., (i) the sharpness of the retinal focus within the eye, (ii) the health and functioning of the retina, and (iii) the sensitivity of the interpretative faculty of the brain.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ A common cause of low visual acuity is refractive error (ametropia), or errors in how the light is refracted in the eyeball.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Causes of refractive errors include aberrations in the shape of the eyeball, the shape of the cornea, and reduced flexibility of the lens.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Too high or too low refractive error (in relation to the length of the eyeball) is the cause of nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia) (normal refractive status is referred to as emmetropia).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Other optical causes are astigmatism or more complex corneal irregularities.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ These anomalies can mostly be corrected by optical means (such as eyeglasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, etc.).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Neural factors that limit acuity are located in the retina or the brain (or the pathway leading there).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Examples for the first are a detached retina and macular degeneration, to name just two.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Another common impairment, amblyopia, is caused by the visual brain not having developed properly in early childhood.", "Refractive error __knowledge__ Refractive error, also known as refraction error, is a problem with focusing light accurately onto the retina due to the shape of the eye.", "Refractive error __knowledge__ The most common types of refractive error are near-sightedness, far-sightedness, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Refractive error __knowledge__ Near-sightedness results in far away objects being blurry, far-sightedness and presbyopia result in close objects being blurry, astigmatism causes objects to appear stretched out or blurry.", "Refractive error __knowledge__ Other symptoms may include double vision, headaches, and eye strain.", "Refractive error __knowledge__ Near-sightedness is due to the length of the eyeball being too long, far-sightedness the eyeball too short, astigmatism the cornea being the wrong shape, and presbyopia aging of the lens of the eye such that it cannot change shape sufficiently.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss, is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses or contact lenses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment is often defined as a best corrected visual acuity of worse than either 20/40 or 20/60.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The term blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment may cause people difficulties with normal daily activities such as driving, reading, socializing, and walking.", "LASIK __knowledge__ LASIK or Lasik (\"laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis\"), commonly referred to as laser eye surgery or laser vision correction, is a type of refractive surgery for the correction of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism.", "LASIK __knowledge__ The LASIK surgery is performed by an ophthalmologist who uses a laser or microkeratome to reshape the eye's cornea in order to improve visual acuity.", "LASIK __knowledge__ For most people, LASIK provides a long-lasting alternative to eyeglasses or contact lenses.", "LASIK __knowledge__ LASIK is most similar to another surgical corrective procedure, photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), and LASEK.", "LASIK __knowledge__ All represent advances over radial keratotomy in the surgical treatment of refractive errors of vision.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ A corrective lens is a lens typically worn in front of the eye to improve vision.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Glasses or \"spectacles\" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are worn directly on the surface of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Intraocular lenses are surgically implanted most commonly after cataract removal, but can be used for purely refractive purposes.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Corrective lenses are typically prescribed by an ophthalmologist or an optometrist.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The prescription consists of all the specifications necessary to make the lens.", "Dan Reinstein __knowledge__ Dan Reinstein is a specialist ophthalmic surgeon in the UK and is a board-certified registered specialist ophthalmologist in the USA, Canada and the UK, specialising in the field of refractive surgery (vision correction).", "Dan Reinstein __knowledge__ He is medical director of the London Vision Clinic and a voluntary faculty member as Professor of Ophthalmology at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons.", "Dan Reinstein __knowledge__ Dan Reinstein was educated at Leighton Park School before completing his undergraduate and medical school education at the University of Cambridge.", "Dan Reinstein __knowledge__ His postgraduate qualifications include M.A.", "Dan Reinstein __knowledge__ (Cantab), M.B.", "Dan Reinstein __knowledge__ B.Chir and MD degrees.", "Bates method __knowledge__ The Bates method is an alternative therapy aimed at improving eyesight.", "Bates method __knowledge__ Eye-care physician William Horatio Bates, M.D.", "Bates method __knowledge__ (1860–1931) attributed nearly all sight problems to habitual strain of the eyes, and felt that glasses were harmful and never necessary.", "Bates method __knowledge__ Bates self-published a book, \"\", as well as a magazine, \"\", (and earlier collaborated with Bernarr MacFadden on a correspondence course) detailing his approach to helping people relax such \"strain\", and thus, he claimed, improve their sight.", "Bates method __knowledge__ His techniques centered on visualization and movement.", "Bates method __knowledge__ He placed particular emphasis on imagining black letters and marks, and the movement of such.", "Aberrations of the eye __knowledge__ The eye, like any other optical system, suffers from a number of specific optical aberrations.", "Aberrations of the eye __knowledge__ The optical quality of the eye is limited by optical aberrations, diffraction and scatter.", "Aberrations of the eye __knowledge__ Correction of spherocylindrical refractive errors has been possible for nearly two centuries following Airy's development of methods to measure and correct ocular astigmatism.", "Aberrations of the eye __knowledge__ It has only recently become possible to measure the aberrations of the eye and with the advent of refractive surgery it might be possible to correct certain types of irregular astigmatism.", "Aberrations of the eye __knowledge__ The appearance of visual complaints such as halos, glare and monocular diplopia after corneal refractive surgery has long been correlated with the induction of optical aberrations.", "Refractive surgery __knowledge__ Refractive eye surgery is any eye surgery used to improve the refractive state of the eye and decrease or eliminate dependency on glasses or contact lenses.", "Refractive surgery __knowledge__ This can include various methods of surgical remodeling of the cornea or cataract surgery.", "Refractive surgery __knowledge__ The most common methods today use excimer lasers to reshape the curvature of the cornea.", "Refractive surgery __knowledge__ Successful refractive eye surgery can reduce or cure common vision disorders such as myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism, as well as degenerative disorders like keratoconus.", "Refractive surgery __knowledge__ The first theoretical work on the potential of refractive surgery was published in 1896 by Lendeer Jans Lans, an ophthalmology teacher in the Netherlands." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Visual acuity is dependent on optical and neural factors, i.e., (i) the sharpness of the retinal focus within the eye, (ii) the health and functioning of the retina, and (iii) the sensitivity of the interpretative faculty of the brain.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ A common cause of low visual acuity is refractive error (ametropia), or errors in how the light is refracted in the eyeball.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Causes of refractive errors include aberrations in the shape of the eyeball, the shape of the cornea, and reduced flexibility of the lens.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Too high or too low refractive error (in relation to the length of the eyeball) is the cause of nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia) (normal refractive status is referred to as emmetropia).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Other optical causes are astigmatism or more complex corneal irregularities.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ These anomalies can mostly be corrected by optical means (such as eyeglasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, etc.).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Neural factors that limit acuity are located in the retina or the brain (or the pathway leading there).", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Examples for the first are a detached retina and macular degeneration, to name just two.", "Visual acuity __knowledge__ Another common impairment, amblyopia, is caused by the visual brain not having developed properly in early childhood.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ Anaglyph 3D is the name given to the stereoscopic 3D effect achieved by means of encoding each eye's image using filters of different (usually chromatically opposite) colors, typically red and cyan.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ Anaglyph 3D images contain two differently filtered colored images, one for each eye.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ When viewed through the \"color-coded\" \"anaglyph glasses\", each of the two images reaches the eye it's intended for, revealing an integrated stereoscopic image.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ The visual cortex of the brain fuses this into the perception of a three-dimensional scene or composition.", "Anaglyph 3D __knowledge__ Anaglyph images have seen a recent resurgence due to the presentation of images and video on the Web, Blu-ray Discs, CDs, and even in print.", "James Gordon (comics) __knowledge__ James \"Jim\" Gordon is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, most commonly in association with the superhero Batman.", "James Gordon (comics) __knowledge__ The character debuted in the first panel of \"Detective Comics\" #27 (May 1939), Batman's first appearance, where he is referred to simply as Commissioner Gordon.", "James Gordon (comics) __knowledge__ The character was created by Bill Finger, and Bob Kane.", "James Gordon (comics) __knowledge__ Commissioner Gordon made his debut as an ally of Batman, making him the first Batman supporting character ever to be introduced.", "James Gordon (comics) __knowledge__ As the police commissioner of Gotham City, Gordon shares Batman's deep commitment to ridding the city of crime.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ A corrective lens is a lens typically worn in front of the eye to improve vision.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Glasses or \"spectacles\" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are worn directly on the surface of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Intraocular lenses are surgically implanted most commonly after cataract removal, but can be used for purely refractive purposes.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Corrective lenses are typically prescribed by an ophthalmologist or an optometrist.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The prescription consists of all the specifications necessary to make the lens.", "Bates method __knowledge__ The Bates method is an alternative therapy aimed at improving eyesight.", "Bates method __knowledge__ Eye-care physician William Horatio Bates, M.D.", "Bates method __knowledge__ (1860–1931) attributed nearly all sight problems to habitual strain of the eyes, and felt that glasses were harmful and never necessary.", "Bates method __knowledge__ Bates self-published a book, \"\", as well as a magazine, \"\", (and earlier collaborated with Bernarr MacFadden on a correspondence course) detailing his approach to helping people relax such \"strain\", and thus, he claimed, improve their sight.", "Bates method __knowledge__ His techniques centered on visualization and movement.", "Bates method __knowledge__ He placed particular emphasis on imagining black letters and marks, and the movement of such.", "Aldous Huxley __knowledge__ Aldous Leonard Huxley (; 26 July 1894 – 22 November 1963) was an English writer, novelist, philosopher, and prominent member of the Huxley family.", "Aldous Huxley __knowledge__ He graduated from Balliol College at the University of Oxford with a first class honours in English literature.", "Aldous Huxley __knowledge__ The author of nearly fifty books, he was best known for his novels including \"Brave New World\", set in a dystopian future; for non-fiction works, such as \"The Doors of Perception\", which recalls experiences when taking a psychedelic drug; and a wide-ranging output of essays.", "Aldous Huxley __knowledge__ Early in his career Huxley edited the magazine \"Oxford Poetry\" and published short stories and poetry.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ In the game of poker, the play largely centers on the act of betting, and as such, a protocol has been developed to speed up play, lessen confusion, and increase security while playing.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ Different games are played using different types of bets, and small variations in etiquette exist between cardrooms, but for the most part the following rules and protocol are observed by the majority of poker players.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ Players in a poker game act in turn, in clockwise rotation (acting out of turn can negatively affect other players).", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ When it is a player's turn to act, the first verbal declaration or action they take binds them to their choice of action; this rule prevents a player from changing their action after seeing how other players react to their initial, verbal action.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are devices consisting of glass or hard plastic lenses mounted in a frame that holds them in front of a person's eyes, typically using a bridge over the nose and arms which rest over the ears.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are typically used for vision correction, such as with reading glasses and glasses used for nearsightedness.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Safety glasses provide eye protection against flying debris for construction workers or lab technicians; these glasses may have protection for the sides of the eyes as well as in the lenses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Some types of safety glasses are used to protect against visible and near-visible light or radiation.", "Vision in fishes __knowledge__ Vision is an important sensory system for most species of fish.", "Vision in fishes __knowledge__ Fish eyes are similar to the eyes of terrestrial vertebrates like birds and mammals, but have a more spherical lens.", "Vision in fishes __knowledge__ Birds and mammals (including humans) normally adjust focus by changing the shape of their lens, but fish normally adjust focus by moving the lens closer to or further from the retina.", "Vision in fishes __knowledge__ Fish retinas generally have both rod cells and cone cells (for scotopic and photopic vision), and most species have colour vision.", "Vision in fishes __knowledge__ Some fish can see ultraviolet and some are sensitive to polarized light.", "Vision in fishes __knowledge__ Among jawless fish, the lamprey has well-developed eyes, while the hagfish has only primitive eyespots.", "Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy __knowledge__ Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) is a method of examination of the eye.", "Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy __knowledge__ It uses the technique of confocal laser scanning microscopy for diagnostic imaging of retina or cornea of the human eye.", "Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy __knowledge__ As a method used to image the retina with a high degree of spatial sensitivity, it is helpful in the diagnosis of glaucoma, macular degeneration, and other retinal disorders.", "Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy __knowledge__ It has further been combined with adaptive optics technology to provide sharper images of the retina.", "Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy __knowledge__ SLO utilizes horizontal and vertical scanning mirrors to scan a specific region of the retina and create raster images viewable on a television monitor.", "Retina __knowledge__ The retina is the third and inner coat of the eye which is a light-sensitive layer of tissue.", "Retina __knowledge__ The optics of the eye create an image of the visual world on the retina (through the cornea and lens), which serves much the same function as the film in a camera.", "Retina __knowledge__ Light striking the retina initiates a cascade of chemical and electrical events that ultimately trigger nerve impulses.", "Retina __knowledge__ These are sent to various visual centres of the brain through the fibres of the optic nerve.", "Retina __knowledge__ Neural retina typically refers to three layers of neural cells (photo receptor cells, bipolar cells, and ganglion cells) within the retina, while the entire retina refers to these three layers plus a layer of pigmented epithelial cells.", "Eye __knowledge__ Eyes are organs of the visual system.", "Eye __knowledge__ They provide organisms with vision, the ability to receive and process visual detail, as well as enabling several photo response functions that are independent of vision.", "Eye __knowledge__ Eyes detect light and convert it into electro-chemical impulses in neurons.", "Eye __knowledge__ In higher organisms, the eye is a complex optical system which collects light from the surrounding environment, regulates its intensity through a diaphragm, focuses it through an adjustable assembly of lenses to form an image, converts this image into a set of electrical signals, and transmits these signals to the brain through complex neural pathways that connect the eye via the optic nerve to the visual cortex and other areas of the brain.", "Glued IOL __knowledge__ Glued IOL or Glued Intraocular lens is a new Surgical technique for implantation of a posterior chamber IOL with the use of biological glue in eyes with deficient or absent posterior capsules (Fig 1).", "Glued IOL __knowledge__ A quick-acting surgical fibrin sealant derived from human blood plasma, with both hemostatic and adhesive properties is used.", "Glued IOL __knowledge__ The eye resembles a camera.", "Glued IOL __knowledge__ Just as we take a photograph with the camera, so also the eye takes a photograph of an object seen by it.", "Glued IOL __knowledge__ In the camera, an object is focused onto the film of the camera by a lens.", "Glued IOL __knowledge__ This image is an inverted image and it is developed in the studio and made into an erect one.", "Visual system __knowledge__ The visual system is the part of the central nervous system which gives organisms the ability to process visual detail, as well as enabling the formation of several non-image photo response functions.", "Visual system __knowledge__ It detects and interprets information from visible light to build a representation of the surrounding environment.", "Visual system __knowledge__ The visual system carries out a number of complex tasks, including the reception of light and the formation of monocular representations; the buildup of a nuclear binocular perception from a pair of two dimensional projections; the identification and categorization of visual objects; assessing distances to and between objects; and guiding body movements in relation to the objects seen.", "Human eye __knowledge__ The ffuucckkiinngg eye is an organ which reacts to light and pressure.", "Human eye __knowledge__ As a sense organ, the mammalian eye allows vision.", "Human eye __knowledge__ Human eyes help to provide a three dimensional, moving image, normally coloured in daylight.", "Human eye __knowledge__ Rod and cone cells in the retina allow conscious light perception and vision including color differentiation and the perception of depth.", "Human eye __knowledge__ The human eye can differentiate between about 10 million colors and is possibly capable of detecting a single photon.", "Human eye __knowledge__ Similar to the eyes of other mammals, the human eye's non-image-forming photosensitive ganglion cells in the retina receive light signals which affect adjustment of the size of the pupil, regulation and suppression of the hormone melatonin and entrainment of the body clock." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 11, 7 ]

[ "I have amazing eyesight! Some people will call it a good visual acuity! ", "It just refers to how good or bad the eyesight is. Some people have refractive errors or abnormalities in the shape of their eyeballs.", "yeah, definitely makes it hard to see. It changes the way the light is focused onto the retina. My eyes are pretty aawesome!", "Ah too bad. At least it can be corrected by optical means, like glasses. Or if you're interested, laser surgery." ]

[ "Visual acuity", "Visual acuity", "Visual acuity", "Visual acuity" ]

[ "Influencer marketing", "I have never heard of that. Walk me through it please.", "You mean like celebrities or Ivana trump?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Influencer marketing (also influence marketing) is a form of marketing in which focus is placed on influential people rather than the target market as a whole.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ It identifies the individuals that have influence over potential buyers, and orients marketing activities around these influencers.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Influencer content may be framed as testimonial advertising where they play the role of a potential buyer themselves, or they may be third parties.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ These third parties exist either in the supply chain (retailers, manufacturers, etc.)", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ or may be so-called value-added influencers (such as journalists, academics, industry analysts, professional advisers, and so on).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ The idea of a \"two-step flow of communication\" was introduced in \"The People's Choice\" (Paul Lazarsfeld, Bernard Berelson, and Hazel Gaudet, a 1940 study on the decision making process of voters).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ This idea was further developed in \"Personal Influence\" (Lazarsfeld, Elihu Katz 1955) and \"The Effects of Mass Communication\" (Joseph Klapper 1960).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Most discussion on the generic topic of social influence centres on compliance and persuasion in a social environment, as exemplified in Robert Cialdini's book \"Influence: Science and Practice\".", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ In the context of influencer marketing, influence is less about argument and coercion to a particular point of view and more about loose interactions between various parties in a community." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Influencer marketing (also influence marketing) is a form of marketing in which focus is placed on influential people rather than the target market as a whole.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ It identifies the individuals that have influence over potential buyers, and orients marketing activities around these influencers.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Influencer content may be framed as testimonial advertising where they play the role of a potential buyer themselves, or they may be third parties.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ These third parties exist either in the supply chain (retailers, manufacturers, etc.)", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ or may be so-called value-added influencers (such as journalists, academics, industry analysts, professional advisers, and so on).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ The idea of a \"two-step flow of communication\" was introduced in \"The People's Choice\" (Paul Lazarsfeld, Bernard Berelson, and Hazel Gaudet, a 1940 study on the decision making process of voters).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ This idea was further developed in \"Personal Influence\" (Lazarsfeld, Elihu Katz 1955) and \"The Effects of Mass Communication\" (Joseph Klapper 1960).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Most discussion on the generic topic of social influence centres on compliance and persuasion in a social environment, as exemplified in Robert Cialdini's book \"Influence: Science and Practice\".", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ In the context of influencer marketing, influence is less about argument and coercion to a particular point of view and more about loose interactions between various parties in a community.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ \"This Is It\" is a song co-written by American pop star and musician Michael Jackson and Canadian singer-songwriter Paul Anka.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ The song was recorded by the former and featured as a track on the album, \"This Is It\" (2009), which accompanies the 2009 concert documentary \"Michael Jackson's This Is It\".", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ It was premiered worldwide on Jackson's official website on October 12, 2009 four months after his death on June 25, 2009.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ Although Sony Music Entertainment referred to the song as a \"new single\" during its promotion, it was later confirmed that the song would only be sent for airplay, and not be available to buy as a single release.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ The fate of the unlearned, also known as the destiny of the unevangelized, is an eschatological question about the ultimate destiny of people who have not been exposed to a particular theology or doctrine and thus have no opportunity to embrace it.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ The question is whether those who never hear of requirements issued through divine revelations will be punished for failure to abide by those requirements.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ It is sometimes addressed in combination with the similar question of the fate of the unbeliever.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ Differing faith traditions have different responses to the question; in Christianity the fate of the unlearned is related to the question of original sin.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Quiet, Please __knowledge__ Quiet, Please!", "Quiet, Please __knowledge__ was a radio fantasy and horror program created by Wyllis Cooper, also known for creating \"Lights Out\".", "Quiet, Please __knowledge__ Ernest Chappell was the show's announcer and lead actor.", "Quiet, Please __knowledge__ \"Quiet, Please\" debuted June 8, 1947 on the Mutual Broadcasting System, and its last episode was broadcast June 25, 1949, on the ABC.", "Quiet, Please __knowledge__ A total of 106 shows were broadcast, with only a very few of them repeats.", "Quiet, Please __knowledge__ Earning relatively little notice during its initial run, \"Quiet, Please\" has since been praised as one of the finest efforts of the golden age of American radio drama.", "Quiet, Please __knowledge__ Professor Richard J.", "Quiet, Please __knowledge__ Hand of the University of Glamorgan, in a detailed critical analysis of the series, argued that Cooper and Chappell \"created works of astonishing originality\"; he further describes the program as an \"extraordinary body of work\" which established Cooper \"as one of the greatest auteurs of horror radio.\"", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Francis Albert Sinatra (; December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 150million records worldwide.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to Italian immigrants, Sinatra began his musical career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James and Tommy Dorsey.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943, becoming the idol of the \"bobby soxers\".", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He released his debut album, \"The Voice of Frank Sinatra\", in 1946.", "Please Please Me (song) __knowledge__ \"Please Please Me\" is a song and the second single released by English rock group the Beatles in the United Kingdom, and the first to be issued in the United States.", "Please Please Me (song) __knowledge__ It was also the title track of their first LP, which was recorded to capitalise on the success of the single.", "Please Please Me (song) __knowledge__ It was originally a John Lennon composition (credited to Lennon–McCartney), although its ultimate form was significantly influenced by George Martin.", "Please Please Me (song) __knowledge__ John Lennon: \"Please Please Me is my song completely.", "Please Please Me (song) __knowledge__ It was my attempt at writing a Roy Orbison song, would you believe it?", "Please Please Me (song) __knowledge__ I wrote it in the bedroom in my house at Menlove Avenue, which was my auntie's place\".", "HYPR __knowledge__ HYPR is an influencer search and discovery engine.", "HYPR __knowledge__ It was founded in 2013.", "HYPR __knowledge__ The company offers brands and marketers in-depth audience analytics for around 10 million influencers across Instagram, Twitter, Facebook, Pinterest and YouTube.", "HYPR __knowledge__ HYPR was the recipient of the \"Best SaaS/Tracking Platform Award\" at the 2017 International Performance Marketing Awards in London.", "HYPR __knowledge__ The platform provides influencer audience demographic, psychographic and geographic data.", "HYPR __knowledge__ The company was founded in 2013 by Gil Eyal and Guy Tamir and is based in New York City, United States.", "HYPR __knowledge__ It also has an office in Tel-Aviv, Israel, and an office in London, UK.", "NeoReach __knowledge__ NeoReach is an influencer marketing software solution that large brands use to run influencer marketing campaigns.", "NeoReach __knowledge__ Using NeoReach, brands can search, manage, and track influencers internally within their company without going through an agency or MCN.", "NeoReach __knowledge__ The company has raised over $3 million USD in venture capital funding.", "NeoReach __knowledge__ NeoReach provides a complete influencer marketing software platform that helps enterprises identify their influencers and manage their influencer relationships.", "NeoReach __knowledge__ With NeoReach, marketers can \"search\" for influencers based on their audience, affinity, and performance, \"manage\" large-scale campaigns, and \"track\" their campaign performance.", "Marketing communications __knowledge__ Marketing communications (MC, marcom, marcomm) uses different marketing channels and tools in combination: Marketing communication channels focuses on any way a business communicates a message to its desired market, or the market in general.", "Marketing communications __knowledge__ A marketing communication tool can be anything from: advertising, personal selling, direct marketing, sponsorship, communication, promotion and public relations.", "Marketing communications __knowledge__ MC are made up of the marketing mix which is made up of the 4P's: Price, Promotion, Place and Product, for a business selling goods, and made up of the 7P's: Price, Promotion, Place, Product, People, Physical evidence and Process, for a service based business.", "Digital marketing __knowledge__ Digital marketing is the marketing of products or services using digital technologies, mainly on the Internet, but also including mobile phones, display advertising, and any other digital medium.", "Digital marketing __knowledge__ Digital marketing's development since the 1990s and 2000s has changed the way brands and businesses use technology for marketing.", "Digital marketing __knowledge__ As digital platforms are increasingly incorporated into marketing plans and everyday life, and as people use digital devices instead of visiting physical shops, digital marketing campaigns are becoming more prevalent and efficient.", "Digital marketing __knowledge__ Digital marketing methods such as search engine optimization (SEO), search engine marketing (SEM), content marketing, influencer marketing, content automation, campaign marketing, data-driven marketing, e-commerce marketing, social media marketing, social media optimization, e-mail direct marketing, display advertising, e–books, and optical disks and games are becoming more common in our advancing technology.", "Youth marketing __knowledge__ Youth marketing is a term used in the marketing and advertising industry to describe activities to communicate with young people, typically in the age range of 13 to 35.", "Youth marketing __knowledge__ More specifically, there is the teen marketing, targeting people age 13 to 17, college marketing, targeting college-age consumers, typically ages 18 to 24, young adult marketing, targeting youngsters use professionals, typically ages 25 to 34.", "Youth marketing __knowledge__ The youth market is critical because of the demographic's buying power and its members' influence on the spending of family members.", "Youth marketing __knowledge__ In addition, teens and young adults often set trends that are adopted by other demographic groups.", "Viral marketing __knowledge__ Viral marketing (or viral advertising) is a marketing technique that uses pre-existing social networking services and other technologies to produce increases in brand awareness or to achieve other marketing objectives (such as product sales or marketing buzz) through self-replicating viral processes, analogous to the spread of viruses or computer viruses.", "Viral marketing __knowledge__ It can be delivered by word of mouth or enhanced by the network effects of the Internet and mobile networks.", "Viral marketing __knowledge__ The concept is often misused or misunderstood, as people apply it to any successful enough story without taking into account the word \"viral\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Influencer marketing (also influence marketing) is a form of marketing in which focus is placed on influential people rather than the target market as a whole.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ It identifies the individuals that have influence over potential buyers, and orients marketing activities around these influencers.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Influencer content may be framed as testimonial advertising where they play the role of a potential buyer themselves, or they may be third parties.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ These third parties exist either in the supply chain (retailers, manufacturers, etc.)", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ or may be so-called value-added influencers (such as journalists, academics, industry analysts, professional advisers, and so on).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ The idea of a \"two-step flow of communication\" was introduced in \"The People's Choice\" (Paul Lazarsfeld, Bernard Berelson, and Hazel Gaudet, a 1940 study on the decision making process of voters).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ This idea was further developed in \"Personal Influence\" (Lazarsfeld, Elihu Katz 1955) and \"The Effects of Mass Communication\" (Joseph Klapper 1960).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Most discussion on the generic topic of social influence centres on compliance and persuasion in a social environment, as exemplified in Robert Cialdini's book \"Influence: Science and Practice\".", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ In the context of influencer marketing, influence is less about argument and coercion to a particular point of view and more about loose interactions between various parties in a community.", "Ivana Las Vegas __knowledge__ Ivana Las Vegas was a proposed 73-floor, 923-foot condominium high-rise, named after Ivana Trump.", "Ivana Las Vegas __knowledge__ The project was initially announced in August 2004, as The Summit, and was to be constructed on the 2.17-acre site of the closed Holy Cow Casino and Brewery, located on the Las Vegas Strip in Las Vegas, Nevada.", "Ivana Las Vegas __knowledge__ Trump became involved with the project in June 2005, when it was renamed.", "Ivana Las Vegas __knowledge__ Ivana Las Vegas was to feature 945 condo units, including a $35 million penthouse.", "Ivana Las Vegas __knowledge__ The project would have begun construction in summer 2006, with a completion date of December 2008.", "Ivana Las Vegas __knowledge__ The property was put up for sale in December 2005, after the project had been cancelled because of rising construction costs.", "Trump Unauthorized __knowledge__ Trump Unauthorized is a 2005 biographical television film about businessman and future president of the United States Donald Trump.", "Trump Unauthorized __knowledge__ The film was directed by John David Coles and written by Keith Curran, and stars Justin Louis as Trump.", "Trump Unauthorized __knowledge__ The film chronicles Trump's life, including his career and his marriages to Ivana Trump and Marla Maples.", "Trump Unauthorized __knowledge__ \"Trump Unauthorized\" is based on multiple sources, including two biographies by Gwenda Blair titled \"The Trumps: Three Generations That Built an Empire\" and \"Donald Trump: Master Apprentice\".", "Trump Unauthorized __knowledge__ The film received mostly negative reviews, although Louis' performance was praised by some critics and by Donald Trump, who was not involved with the film but called it a \"great compliment\" despite some inaccuracies.", "Donald Trump sexual misconduct allegations __knowledge__ Donald Trump, an American businessman and current President of the United States, has been accused of sexual assault and sexual harassment, including non-consensual kissing or groping, by at least fifteen women since the 1980s.", "Donald Trump sexual misconduct allegations __knowledge__ Those accusations have resulted in three widely reported instances of litigation: his then-wife Ivana made a rape claim during their 1989 divorce litigation but later recanted that claim; businesswoman Jill Harth sued Trump in 1997 alleging breach of contract while also suing for nonviolent sexual harassment but withdrew the latter suit when the former was settled; and, in 2017, former \"Apprentice\" contestant Summer Zervos filed a defamation lawsuit after Trump called her a liar.", "Ivana Trump __knowledge__ Ivana Marie Trump (\"née\" Zelníčková; ; born February 20, 1949) is a Czech-American businesswoman, former fashion model, author, and television personality.", "Ivana Trump __knowledge__ She was the first wife of Donald Trump from 1977 until 1992.", "Ivana Trump __knowledge__ They have three children, Donald Trump Jr., Ivanka Trump and Eric Trump.", "Ivana Trump __knowledge__ Ivana Zelníčková was born on February 20, 1949 in the Moravian town of Zlín (formerly known as Gottwaldov), Czechoslovakia, the daughter of Miloš Zelníček, who was Czech, and Marie Francová, who was Austrian.", "Ivana Trump __knowledge__ From a very young age, her father nurtured and encouraged her skiing talent.", "Ivana Trump __knowledge__ In the early 1970s, she attended Charles University in Prague.", "Family of Donald Trump __knowledge__ The family of Donald Trump, the President of the United States, is a prominent American family active in real estate, entertainment, business, and politics.", "Family of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Trump's immediate family circle is the First Family of the United States.", "Family of Donald Trump __knowledge__ They are part of the broader Trump family originating from Germany.", "Family of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Donald Trump's mother, Mary Anne MacLeod, came from the hebridean Island of Lewis, off the west coast of Scotland.", "Family of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Trump has five children (between three wives) and nine grandchildren.", "Family of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Ivana Marie Trump (née Zelníčková), the first wife of Donald Trump, was born on February 20, 1949 in Zlín, Czechoslovakia (now the Czech Republic).", "Ivanka Trump __knowledge__ Ivana Marie \"Ivanka\" Trump (; born October 30, 1981) is an American model, businesswoman, fashion designer, author, and actor, who is an advisor to the President of the United States, Donald Trump.", "Ivanka Trump __knowledge__ She is the daughter of the president and his first wife, former model Ivana Trump.", "Ivanka Trump __knowledge__ She is the first Jewish member of a First Family.", "Ivanka Trump __knowledge__ A fourth generation businessperson who followed in the footsteps of her great-grandmother Elizabeth Christ Trump (who founded the company), grandfather Fred Trump, and father, Trump has been an executive vice president of the family owned The Trump Organization – as well as serving as a boardroom judge on her father's TV show \"The Apprentice\".", "Trump: Surviving at the Top __knowledge__ Trump: Surviving at the Top is a 1990 book written by businessman Donald Trump and journalist Charles Leerhsen, and published by Random House.", "Trump: Surviving at the Top __knowledge__ In 1991, Warner Books purchased the paperback rights to the book and re-released it as The Art of Survival.", "Trump: Surviving at the Top __knowledge__ The photograph used for the book's cover was originally taken by Michael O'Brien for an article of \"Fortune\" magazine published on September 11, 1989.", "Trump: Surviving at the Top __knowledge__ The photograph was later installed at the National Portrait Gallery after Trump was elected the 45th President of the United States.", "Trump: Surviving at the Top __knowledge__ The book serves as a continuation and response to \"\".", "Trump: Surviving at the Top __knowledge__ In the introduction to the book, Trump wrote \"Looking back on it, I see that writing \"The Art of the Deal\" was one of the most satisfying and fulfilling experiences of my life.\"", "Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ The adoption of plug-in electric vehicles in the United States is actively supported by the American federal government, and several state and local governments.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ , cumulative sales in the U.S. totaled 764,666 highway legal plug-in electric vehicles since the market launch of the Tesla Roadster in 2008, , the American stock represented 28.1% of the global light-duty plug-in stock, and the U.S. had the world's third largest stock of plug-in passenger cars after China and Europe.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ The U.S. market share of plug-in electric passenger cars increased from 0.14% in 2011 to 0.62% in 2013.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ The plug-in segment reached a market share of 0.75% in 2014 and fell to 0.66% in 2015.", "Prior-free mechanism __knowledge__ A prior-free mechanism (PFM) is a mechanism in which the designer does not have any information on the agents' valuations, not even that they are random variables from some unknown probability distribution.", "Prior-free mechanism __knowledge__ A typical application is a seller who wants to sell some items to potential buyers.", "Prior-free mechanism __knowledge__ The seller wants to price the items in a way that will maximize his profit.", "Prior-free mechanism __knowledge__ The optimal prices depend on the amount that each buyer is willing to pay for each item.", "Prior-free mechanism __knowledge__ The seller does not know these amounts, and cannot even assume that the amounts are drawn from a probability distribution.", "Prior-free mechanism __knowledge__ The seller's goal is to design an auction that will produce a reasonable profit even in worst-case scenarios.", "Crowdreviewing __knowledge__ Crowdreviewing is the practice of gathering opinion or feedback from a large number of people, typically via the internet or an online community; a portmanteau of “crowd” and “reviews”.", "Crowdreviewing __knowledge__ Crowdreviewing is also often viewed as a form of crowd voting which occurs when a website gathers a large group's opinions and judgment.", "Crowdreviewing __knowledge__ The concept is based on the principles of crowdsourcing and lets users submit online reviews to participate in building online metrics that measure performance.", "Crowdreviewing __knowledge__ By harnessing social collaboration in the form of feedback individuals are generally able to form a more informed opinion.", "Advertising management __knowledge__ Advertising management is a planned managerial process designed to oversee and control the various advertising activities involved in a program to communicate with a firm's target market and which is ultimately designed to influence the consumer's purchase decisions.", "Advertising management __knowledge__ Advertising is just one element in a company's promotional mix and as such, must be integrated with the overall marketing communications program.", "Advertising management __knowledge__ Advertising is, however, the most expensive of all the promotional elements and therefore must be managed with care and accountability.", "Advertising management __knowledge__ Marketers use different types of advertising.", "Advertising management __knowledge__ Brand advertising is defined as a non-personal communication message placed in a paid, mass medium designed to persuade target consumers of a product or service benefits in an effort to induce them to make a purchase.", "Internet real estate __knowledge__ An electronic version of the real estate industry, internet real estate is the concept of publishing housing estates for sale or rent, and for consumers seeking to buy or rent a property.", "Internet real estate __knowledge__ Often, internet real estates are operated by landlords themselves.", "Internet real estate __knowledge__ However, there are few exceptions where an online real estate agent would exist, still dealing via the web and often stating a flat-fee and not a commission based on percentage of total sales.", "Internet real estate __knowledge__ Internet real estate surfaced around 1999 when technology advanced and statistics prove that more than 1 million homes were sold by the owners themselves in just America, in 2000.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ Networked advocacy or net-centric advocacy refers to a specific type of advocacy.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ While networked advocacy has existed for centuries, it has become significantly more efficacious in recent years due in large part to the widespread availability of the internet, mobile telephones, and related communications technologies that enable users to overcome the transaction costs of collective action.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ The study of networked advocacy draws on interdisciplinary sources, including communication theory, political science, and sociology.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ Theories of networked advocacy have been heavily influenced by social movement literature, and refer to the preexisting networks used to create and support collective actions and advocacy as well as the networks that such actions and advocacy create.", "Crazy Horse Too __knowledge__ Crazy Horse Too is a closed strip club located at 2476 Industrial Road in Las Vegas, Nevada, a few blocks west of the Las Vegas Strip.", "Crazy Horse Too __knowledge__ The club was known as Billy Joe's during the 1970s.", "Crazy Horse Too __knowledge__ In 1978, the club was purchased by Mob member Tony Albanese and renamed Billy Joe's Crazy Horse Too, after the Crazy Horse Saloon, another Las Vegas strip club owned by Albanese.", "Crazy Horse Too __knowledge__ In 1984, Rick Rizzolo took over operations of the club when it was purchased by his father, Bart Rizzolo.", "Crazy Horse Too __knowledge__ Rick Rizzolo was a majority owner by 1986.", "Crazy Horse Too __knowledge__ In 1995, federal officials began an investigation of activities at Crazy Horse Too.", "Crazy Horse Too __knowledge__ The club endured a history of violent crimes, including the alleged beating of a tourist in 2001." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3 ]

[ "I'm just now hearing about Influencer Marketing, a form of marketing where focus is concentrated on influential people rather than those people want to target.", "What it does is identifies the people who have influence over potential buyers, and directs the marketing toward them rather than the buyers themselves.", "Sort of. The influencer marketing may come in the shape of testemonial advertising where the, e.g., celebrity plays the role of a possible buyer." ]

[ "Influencer marketing", "Influencer marketing", "Influencer marketing" ]

[ "Extraversion and introversion\nMost of my friends are extroverts, but I'm an introvert", "How long ago?", "Is there typically a 50/50 split between the two?", "How many extraverts are there compared to introverts?", "I didn't realize that! Are there any other similar theories about it?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The trait of extraversion–introversion is a central dimension of human personality theories.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The terms \"introversion\" and \"extraversion\" were popularized by Carl Jung, although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Examples include the Big Five model, Jung's analytical psychology, Hans Eysenck's three-factor model, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion and introversion are typically viewed as a single continuum, so to be high in one necessitates being low in the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Carl Jung and the developers of the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator provide a different perspective and suggest that everyone has both an extraverted side and an introverted side, with one being more dominant than the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Rather than focusing on interpersonal behavior, however, Jung defined introversion as an \"attitude-type characterised by orientation in life through subjective psychic contents\" (focus on one's inner psychic activity) and extraversion as \"an attitude type characterised by concentration of interest on the external object\" (focus on the outside world).", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking is a 2012 non-fiction book written by Susan Cain.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Cain argues that modern Western culture misunderstands and undervalues the traits and capabilities of introverted people, leading to \"a colossal waste of talent, energy, and happiness.\"", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ The book presents a history of how Western culture transformed from a culture of character to a culture of personality in which an \"extrovert ideal\" dominates and introversion is viewed as inferior or even pathological.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Adopting scientific definitions of introversion and extroversion as preferences for different levels of stimulation, \"Quiet\" outlines the advantages and disadvantages of each temperament, emphasizing the myth of the extrovert ideal that has dominated in the West since the early twentieth century.", "Arousal __knowledge__ Arousal is the physiological and psychological state of being awoken or of sense organs stimulated to a point of perception.", "Arousal __knowledge__ It involves activation of the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) in the brain, which mediates wakefulness, the autonomic nervous system, and the endocrine system, leading to increased heart rate and blood pressure and a condition of sensory alertness, mobility, and readiness to respond.", "Arousal __knowledge__ Arousal is mediated by several different neural systems.", "Arousal __knowledge__ Wakefulness is regulated by the ARAS, which is composed of projections from five major neurotransmitter systems that originate in the brainstem and form connections extending throughout the cortex; activity within the ARAS is regulated by neurons that release the neurotransmitters acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, histamine, and serotonin.", "Psychology of music preference __knowledge__ The psychology of music preference refers to the psychological factors behind peoples' different music preferences.", "Psychology of music preference __knowledge__ Music is heard by people daily in many parts of the world, and affects people in various ways from emotion regulation to cognitive development, along with providing a means for self-expression.", "Psychology of music preference __knowledge__ Music training has been shown to help improve intellectual development and ability, though no connection has been found as to how it affects emotion regulation.", "Psychology of music preference __knowledge__ Numerous studies have been conducted to show that individual personality can have an effect on music preference, mostly using the Big Five personality traits.", "Sipuncula __knowledge__ The Sipuncula or Sipunculida (common names sipunculid worms or peanut worms) is a group containing 144–320 species (estimates vary) of bilaterally symmetrical, unsegmented marine worms.", "Sipuncula __knowledge__ \"Sipuncula\" signifies \"little tube or siphon\".", "Sipuncula __knowledge__ Traditionally considered a phylum, they might be a subgroup of phylum Annelida based on recent molecular work.", "Sipuncula __knowledge__ The first species of this phylum was described in 1827 by the French zoologist Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville who named it \"Sipunculus vulgaris\".", "Sipuncula __knowledge__ A related species was later described as \"Golfingia macintoshii\" by E. Ray Lankester.", "Sipuncula __knowledge__ The specimen was provided by a friend of his, Professor Mackintosh.", "Quiet Revolution (company) __knowledge__ Quiet Revolution LLC is a privately owned, mission-based, for-profit, American company formed with a stated mission “to unlock the power of introverts for the benefit of us all.” The company has initiatives for business, government, office space planning, education, lifestyle and parenting.", "Quiet Revolution (company) __knowledge__ Quiet Revolution was formally launched in 2015 based on principles in Susan Cain’s 2012 book \".\"", "Quiet Revolution (company) __knowledge__ On January 24, 2012, Susan Cain published the non-fiction book \",\" becoming the focus of \"Time\" magazine's February 6, 2012 cover article and delivering a February 28, 2012 TED talk whose video reached its first million views faster than any previous TED video.", "Temperament Isolation Theory __knowledge__ Temperament Isolation Theory, also known as personality bias or personality discrimination, is a recent social science theory that attempts to explain how cultures favor a specific temperament and how they view and interact with those of other or opposite temperaments.", "Temperament Isolation Theory __knowledge__ The first concepts of the theory were explored by Susan Cain in her book \"\" where she looked at how western cultures, particularly the United States, value extroversion over introversion and how that could possibly make it difficult for introverts to thrive in society.", "Temperament Isolation Theory __knowledge__ Northern Arizona University professor Jorge Rodriguez III took the idea a step further and viewed how the opposite could be viewed in eastern cultures where introversion is valued over extroversion.", "Music-related memory __knowledge__ Musical memory refers to the ability to remember music-related information, such as melodic content and other progressions of tones or pitches.", "Music-related memory __knowledge__ The differences found between linguistic memory and musical memory have led researchers to theorize that musical memory is encoded differently from language and may constitute an independent part of the phonological loop.", "Music-related memory __knowledge__ The use of this term is problematic, however, since it implies input from a verbal system, whereas music is in principle nonverbal.", "Music-related memory __knowledge__ Consistent with hemispheric lateralization, there is evidence to suggest that the left and right hemispheres of the brain are responsible for different components of musical memory." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The trait of extraversion–introversion is a central dimension of human personality theories.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The terms \"introversion\" and \"extraversion\" were popularized by Carl Jung, although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Examples include the Big Five model, Jung's analytical psychology, Hans Eysenck's three-factor model, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion and introversion are typically viewed as a single continuum, so to be high in one necessitates being low in the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Carl Jung and the developers of the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator provide a different perspective and suggest that everyone has both an extraverted side and an introverted side, with one being more dominant than the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Rather than focusing on interpersonal behavior, however, Jung defined introversion as an \"attitude-type characterised by orientation in life through subjective psychic contents\" (focus on one's inner psychic activity) and extraversion as \"an attitude type characterised by concentration of interest on the external object\" (focus on the outside world).", "So Long Ago the Garden __knowledge__ So Long Ago the Garden is an album recorded by Larry Norman, released in 1973.", "So Long Ago the Garden __knowledge__ It is the second album in what came to be known as his \"trilogy,\" which began with the album \"Only Visiting This Planet\" and concluded with \"In Another Land\".", "So Long Ago the Garden __knowledge__ \"So Long Ago the Garden\" was controversial because Norman's previously blatant Christian beliefs were more veiled on this album.", "So Long Ago the Garden __knowledge__ In the song \"Shot Down\", on the album \"In Another Land\", Norman responded to accusations by fellow Christians that he had abandoned his faith in search of fame and fortune.", "So Long Ago the Garden __knowledge__ On 7 August 1973 Norman entered AIR studios in London to record his favorite album, the second album in his Trilogy, \"So Long Ago the Garden\", which was produced by The Triumvirate of British producers Rod Edwards, Roger Hand, Jon Miller.", "Long Ago and Far Away (James Taylor song) __knowledge__ \"Long Ago and Far Away\" is a song written by James Taylor and first released on his 1971 album \"Mud Slide Slim and the Blue Horizon\".", "Long Ago and Far Away (James Taylor song) __knowledge__ It was the follow up single to \"You've Got a Friend\" and became a Top 40 hit in the U.S. and a Top 20 hit in Canada, and made the Top 10 on the Adult Contemporary chart in the U.S.", "Long Ago and Far Away (James Taylor song) __knowledge__ It has also been covered by New York Voices and Johnny Mathis.", "Long Ago and Far Away (James Taylor song) __knowledge__ Taylor wrote \"Long Ago and Far Away\" in 1970, about a year before it was recorded for \"Mud Slide Slim\".", "Long Ago and Far Away (James Taylor song) __knowledge__ Joni Mitchell sings background vocals and Carole King plays piano.", "Long Ago and Far Away (James Taylor song) __knowledge__ It is a sad song that Taylor biographer Timothy White calls \"among the most wistful of Taylor's vast catalogue of secular hymns.\"", "Rohingya language __knowledge__ Rohingya (), or Ruáingga (), is a language spoken by the Rohingya people of Rakhine State.", "Rohingya language __knowledge__ It is an Eastern Indo-Aryan language belonging to the Bengali–Assamese branch, and is related to the Chittagonian language spoken in neighboring Bangladesh.", "Rohingya language __knowledge__ Written in Arabic script, the first Rohingya language texts are more than 200 years old.", "Rohingya language __knowledge__ While Arakan was under British rule (1826–1948), the Rohingya people used mainly English and Urdu for written communication.", "Rohingya language __knowledge__ Since independence in 1948, Burmese has been used in all official communications.", "Rohingya language __knowledge__ Since the early 1960s, Rohingya scholars have started to realize the need for a writing system suited to their own language.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "Long Ago, Prophets Knew __knowledge__ \"Long Ago, Prophets Knew\", also called \"Long Ago, Prophets Knew, Christ would come born a Jew\", is an English Christian Advent carol written by Reverend Fred Pratt Green in 1970.", "Long Ago, Prophets Knew __knowledge__ \"Long Ago, Prophets Knew\" was written by Methodist minister Fred Pratt Green in 1970 at the behest of John Wilson.", "Long Ago, Prophets Knew __knowledge__ It was self-published in his \"\"26 Hymns\"\" a year later.", "Long Ago, Prophets Knew __knowledge__ The carol gained popularity within the Church of England when it was published within the \"More Hymns for Today\" hymnal in 1980 and \"Hymns Ancient and Modern – New Standard\"\" in 1983.", "Long Ago, Prophets Knew __knowledge__ In 1986, when \"The New English Hymnal\" was being compiled with hymns appropriate for Eucharist services being prioritised, \"Long Ago, Prophets Knew\" was included at the behest of the former Archdeacon of Hackney, George Timms, in order to fill required spaces in the hymnal for feast days and promote newer hymns.", "Once Upon a Long Ago __knowledge__ \"Once Upon a Long Ago\" is a Paul McCartney song, released as his fortieth single on 16 November 1987, as part of his compilation \"All the Best!", "Once Upon a Long Ago __knowledge__ \", released two weeks before the single.", "Once Upon a Long Ago __knowledge__ The track was produced by Phil Ramone and mixed by George Martin, and features violin by Nigel Kennedy.", "Once Upon a Long Ago __knowledge__ It was reported in a 2011 biography that the origin of this song is with the film \"The Princess Bride\".", "Once Upon a Long Ago __knowledge__ McCartney was approached by Director Rob Reiner to compose a couple of songs and the incidental music for the film.", "Once Upon a Long Ago __knowledge__ Reiner rejected the two songs Paul submitted, \"Once Upon a Long Ago\" and \"Beautiful Night\", as \"too sentimental\"; he contracted with Mark Knopfler to complete the soundtrack.", "Mythical Museum Ramón Elías __knowledge__ The Mythical Museum Ramón Elías (), called honoring its founder, is located in Capiatá, Paraguay, going Route II “José Félix Estigarribia”19 km.", "Mythical Museum Ramón Elías __knowledge__ far from Asunción, which is the capital city.", "Mythical Museum Ramón Elías __knowledge__ This museum evokes memories from Paraguay ancestors and at the same time is a calling out to maintain in the Paraguayan culture the magic presence of myths.", "Mythical Museum Ramón Elías __knowledge__ Ramón Elías was born November 10, 1929.", "Mythical Museum Ramón Elías __knowledge__ His father was Don José Elías (Arab) and his mother was Doña Francisca Fernández (Paraguayan).", "Mythical Museum Ramón Elías __knowledge__ His Elementary School was in Concepción, city in the North of Paraguay and Secondary in the capital city Asunción.", "Mythical Museum Ramón Elías __knowledge__ During childhood, he was interested in sports, especially basketball, he promoted basket in Capiatá and was also one of the most popular players in Capiatà League.", "Socionics __knowledge__ Socionics, in psychology and sociology, is a theory of information processing and personality type, distinguished by its information model of the psyche (called \"Model A\") and a model of interpersonal relations.", "Socionics __knowledge__ It incorporates Carl Jung's work on \"Psychological Types\" with Antoni Kępiński's theory of information metabolism.", "Socionics __knowledge__ Socionics is a modification of Jung's personality type theory that uses eight psychic functions, in contrast to Jung's model, which used only four.", "Socionics __knowledge__ These functions are supposed to process information at varying levels of competency and interact with the corresponding function in other individuals, giving rise to predictable reactions and impressions—a theory of intertype relations.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ Carl Gustav Jung (; ; 26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961) was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ His work has been influential not only in psychiatry but also in anthropology, archaeology, literature, philosophy, and religious studies.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ As a notable research scientist based at the famous Burghölzli hospital, under Eugen Bleuler, he came to the attention of the Viennese founder of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ The two men conducted a lengthy correspondence and collaborated on an initially joint vision of human psychology.", "Carl Jung __knowledge__ Freud saw in the younger man the potential heir he had been seeking to carry on his \"new science\" of psychoanalysis.", "Complex (psychology) __knowledge__ A complex is a core pattern of emotions, memories, perceptions, and wishes in the personal unconscious organized around a common theme, such as power or status.", "Complex (psychology) __knowledge__ Primarily a psychoanalytic term, it is found extensively in the works of Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud.", "Complex (psychology) __knowledge__ An example of a complex would be as follows: if you had a leg amputated when you were a child, this would influence your life in profound ways, even if you overcame the physical handicap.", "Complex (psychology) __knowledge__ You may have many thoughts, emotions, memories, feelings of inferiority, triumphs, bitterness and determinations centering on that one aspect of your life.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ The MBTI was constructed by Katharine Cook Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ It is based on the conceptual theory proposed by Carl Jung, who had speculated that humans experience the world using four principal psychological functions – sensation, intuition, feeling, and thinking – and that one of these four functions is dominant for a person most of the time.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ The MBTI was constructed for normal populations and emphasizes the value of naturally occurring differences.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ \"The underlying assumption of the MBTI is that we all have specific preferences in the way we construe our experiences, and these preferences underlie our interests, needs, values, and motivation.\"", "Analytical psychology __knowledge__ Analytical psychology (sometimes analytic psychology), also called Jungian psychology, is a school of psychotherapy which originated in the ideas of Carl Jung, a Swiss psychiatrist.", "Analytical psychology __knowledge__ It emphasizes the importance of the individual psyche and the personal quest for wholeness.", "Analytical psychology __knowledge__ Important concepts in Jung's system are individuation, symbols, the personal unconscious, the collective unconscious, archetypes, complexes, the persona, the shadow, the anima and animus, and the self.", "Analytical psychology __knowledge__ Jung's theories have been investigated and elaborated by Toni Wolff, Marie-Louise von Franz, Jolande Jacobi, Aniela Jaffé, Erich Neumann, James Hillman, and Anthony Stevens.", "Alfred Wolfsohn __knowledge__ Alfred Wolfsohn (23 September 1896 – 5 February 1962) was a German singing teacher who suffered persistent auditory hallucination of screaming soldiers, whom he had witnessed dying of wounds while serving as a stretcher bearer in the trenches of World War I.", "Alfred Wolfsohn __knowledge__ After being subsequently diagnosed with Shell Shock, Wolfsohn failed to recover in response to hospitalization or psychiatric treatment, but cured himself by vocalizing extreme sounds, bringing about what he described as a combination of catharsis and exorcism.", "Alfred Wolfsohn __knowledge__ Inspired by the range and expressiveness of his voice, which resulted from the vocal exercises and techniques he developed in an attempt to heal the symptoms of trauma sustained during the war, Wolfsohn began teaching others, acting as both a singing teacher and psychotherapist, seeking to combine the principles of both disciplines.", "Visionary fiction __knowledge__ Visionary fiction is a fiction genre with New Age or mind, body, spirit themes and perspectives, including consciousness expansion, spirituality, mysticism, and parapsychology.", "Visionary fiction __knowledge__ It is sometimes classed as a subtype of speculative fiction.", "Visionary fiction __knowledge__ Examples include the novels \"The Celestine Prophecy\" \"The Alchemist\", and \"\".", "Visionary fiction __knowledge__ The Book Industry Study Group's BISAC subject heading FIC039000 is \"FICTION / Visionary & Metaphysical\".", "Visionary fiction __knowledge__ Although similar themes and content occur in the literature of numerous cultures in many ages, the term \"visionary fiction\" was suggested by Renee Weber, professor of philosophy at Rutgers University, and used by John Algeo in a 1982 article describing recent examples and earlier precursors." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The trait of extraversion–introversion is a central dimension of human personality theories.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The terms \"introversion\" and \"extraversion\" were popularized by Carl Jung, although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Examples include the Big Five model, Jung's analytical psychology, Hans Eysenck's three-factor model, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion and introversion are typically viewed as a single continuum, so to be high in one necessitates being low in the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Carl Jung and the developers of the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator provide a different perspective and suggest that everyone has both an extraverted side and an introverted side, with one being more dominant than the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Rather than focusing on interpersonal behavior, however, Jung defined introversion as an \"attitude-type characterised by orientation in life through subjective psychic contents\" (focus on one's inner psychic activity) and extraversion as \"an attitude type characterised by concentration of interest on the external object\" (focus on the outside world).", "2011 NBA lockout __knowledge__ The 2011 NBA lockout was the fourth lockout in the history of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "2011 NBA lockout __knowledge__ The owners on the work stoppage upon expiration of the 2005 collective bargaining agreement (CBA).", "2011 NBA lockout __knowledge__ The 161-day lockout began on July 1, 2011 and ended on December 8, 2011.", "2011 NBA lockout __knowledge__ It delayed the start of the from November 1 to December 25, and it reduced the regular season from 82 to 66 games.", "2011 NBA lockout __knowledge__ The previous lockout in 1998–99 had shortened the season to 50 games.", "2011 NBA lockout __knowledge__ During the lockout, teams could not trade, sign or contact players, and players could not access NBA team facilities, trainers, or staffs.", "2011 NBA lockout __knowledge__ Negotiations between the owners, led by commissioner David Stern, and the players, led by director Billy Hunter and president Derek Fisher of the labor union National Basketball Players Association (NBPA), began in early 2011 and continued through November.", "Publishing contract __knowledge__ A publishing contract is a legal contract between a publisher and a writer or author (or more than one), to publish written material by the writer(s) or author(s).", "Publishing contract __knowledge__ This may involve a single written work, or a series of works.", "Publishing contract __knowledge__ In the case of music publishing, the emphasis is not on printed or recorded works.", "Publishing contract __knowledge__ It usually refers to the promotion of a musical composition, and/or its referral to a suitable recording artist.", "Publishing contract __knowledge__ A music publisher who does produce (or contract to issue) sheet music is known as a music print publisher.", "Publishing contract __knowledge__ It can be used by authors, journalist .et.", "Publishing contract __knowledge__ Some of the most essential clauses of a standard (boilerplate) book publishing contract are: Grant of Rights, Subsidiary Rights, Delivery and Acceptance, Publication, Copyright, Advance (if there is any), Royalties, and Out of Print.", "Fiat 500 (2007) __knowledge__ The Fiat 500 is a two-door, four-passenger, transverse front-engine, front wheel drive A-segment city car manufactured and marketed by the Fiat subdivision of FCA since 2007 in hatchback coupé and fixed-profile cabriolet body styles, over a single generation — and available in European markets beginning with model year 2016 with its first facelift.", "Fiat 500 (2007) __knowledge__ The 500 is internally designated as the \"Type 312\" by FCA.", "Fiat 500 (2007) __knowledge__ Derived from the 2004 Fiat Trepiùno 3+1 concept (designed by Roberto Giolito), the 500's styling recalls Fiat's 1957 Fiat 500, nicknamed the \"Bambino\" — a model that was designed and engineered by Dante Giacosa with more than 4 million sold over its 18-year (1957-1975) production span.", "Nationalization of oil supplies __knowledge__ The nationalization of oil supplies refers to the process of confiscation of oil production operations and private property, generally in the purpose of obtaining more revenue from oil for oil-producing countries' governments.", "Nationalization of oil supplies __knowledge__ This process, which should not be confused with restrictions on crude oil exports, represents a significant turning point in the development of oil policy.", "Nationalization of oil supplies __knowledge__ Nationalization eliminates private business operations—in which private international companies control oil resources within oil-producing countries—and allows oil-producing countries to gain control of private property.", "Virginia House of Delegates election, 2017 __knowledge__ The Virginia House of Delegates election of 2017 was held on Tuesday, November 7.", "Virginia House of Delegates election, 2017 __knowledge__ All 100 seats in the Virginia House of Delegates were contested.", "Virginia House of Delegates election, 2017 __knowledge__ The Republican Party held a 66–34 majority in the House of Delegates before the election but lost 15 seats to the Democratic Party, resulting in the Republicans only holding a 50–49 advantage.", "Virginia House of Delegates election, 2017 __knowledge__ After a recount, the result of the election in the 94th district was called a tie.", "Virginia House of Delegates election, 2017 __knowledge__ The candidate to hold the seat was determined by a random drawing on January 4, 2018, which resulted in the Republicans holding a narrow 51–49 majority.", "Virginia House of Delegates election, 2017 __knowledge__ The election was marred by electoral irregularities, such as robocalls falsely telling voters their polling places had changed and voters being erroneously assigned to the wrong district.", "Regina George __knowledge__ Regina George (born 17 February 1991 in Chicago, United States) is an American-born Nigerian sprinter who specializes in the 400 metres.", "Regina George __knowledge__ She represented Nigeria at the 2012 Summer Olympics and was the silver medallist at the African Championships in 2012.", "Regina George __knowledge__ Her father Phillips, is Nigerian, and moved to the US on an athletic scholarship.", "Regina George __knowledge__ Her paternal grandfather was from Onitsha while her grandmother is from Rivers State, Nigeria.", "Regina George __knowledge__ Her mother is former Venezuelan 400 m athlete, Florencia Chilberry.", "Regina George __knowledge__ George's parents were both scholarship track and field athletes at Wichita State.", "Regina George __knowledge__ George competed in Chicago Park District meets as a child and ran a mile in 6:13 when she was nine years old.", "Social Security Wage Base __knowledge__ For the Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance (OASDI) tax or Social Security tax in the United States, the Social Security Wage Base (SSWB) is the maximum earned gross income or upper threshold on which a wage earner's Social Security tax may be imposed.", "Social Security Wage Base __knowledge__ The Social Security tax is one component of the Federal Insurance Contributions Act tax (FICA) and Self-employment tax, the other component being the Medicare tax.", "Social Security Wage Base __knowledge__ It is also the maximum amount of covered wages that are taken into account when average earnings are calculated in order to determine a worker's Social Security benefit.", "Social Security Wage Base __knowledge__ In 2017, the Social Security Wage Base was $127,200 and the Social Security tax rate was 6.20% paid by the employee and 6.20% paid by the employer.", "Benickebrinken __knowledge__ Södra/Norra Benickebrinken are two sloping streets in Gamla stan, the old town in central Stockholm, Sweden, stretching from Österlånggatan up to Svartmangatan.", "Benickebrinken __knowledge__ The Salvation Army opened a pantry on Number 2 in 1891 and a night refuge for homeless men the following year, both institutions remained in operation until the 1970s.", "Benickebrinken __knowledge__ Today the building is used as a board-and-lodging accommodation for alcoholics.", "Benickebrinken __knowledge__ Public toilets were installed under the slope in 2005-2006.", "Benickebrinken __knowledge__ The present name is derived from a \"Jören Benick\", a man who had a tavern here named \"Solen\" (\"The Sun\") after the sign hanging in the street.", "Whittier Oaks, New Jersey __knowledge__ Whittier Oaks is an unincorporated community located within Manalapan Township in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States.", "Whittier Oaks, New Jersey __knowledge__ The area consists mostly of single-family houses in planned developments though the Pine Brook Golf Course and Covered Bridge Community (an age-restricted condominium complex) are also in the community vicinity.", "Waterfowl hunting __knowledge__ Waterfowl hunting (also called wildfowling or waterfowl shooting in the UK) is the practice of hunting ducks, geese, or other waterfowl for food and sport.", "Waterfowl hunting __knowledge__ In many western countries, commercial waterfowl hunting is prohibited, and duck hunting is primarily an outdoor sporting activity.", "Waterfowl hunting __knowledge__ Many types of ducks and geese share the same habitat, have overlapping or identical hunting seasons, and are hunted using the same methods.", "Waterfowl hunting __knowledge__ Thus it is possible to take different species of waterfowl in the same outing.", "Waterfowl hunting __knowledge__ Waterfowl can be hunted in crop fields where they feed, or, more frequently, on or near bodies of water such as rivers, lakes, ponds, swamps, sloughs, or oceanic coastlines.", "Cheikh Anta Diop __knowledge__ Cheikh Anta Diop (29 December 1923 – 7 February 1986) was a historian, anthropologist, physicist, and politician who studied the human race's origins and pre-colonial African culture.", "Cheikh Anta Diop __knowledge__ Though Diop is sometimes referred to as an Afrocentrist, he predates the concept and thus was not himself an Afrocentric scholar.", "Cheikh Anta Diop __knowledge__ However, Diopian thought, as it is called, is paradigmatic to Afrocentricity.", "Cheikh Anta Diop __knowledge__ His work was greatly controversial and throughout his career, Diop argued that there was a shared cultural continuity across African peoples that was more important than the varied development of different ethnic groups shown by differences among languages and cultures over time.", "Strengthening mechanisms of materials __knowledge__ Methods have been devised to modify the yield strength, ductility, and toughness of both crystalline and amorphous materials.", "Strengthening mechanisms of materials __knowledge__ These strengthening mechanisms give engineers the ability to tailor the mechanical properties of materials to suit a variety of different applications.", "Strengthening mechanisms of materials __knowledge__ For example, the favorable properties of steel result from interstitial incorporation of carbon into the iron lattice.", "Strengthening mechanisms of materials __knowledge__ Brass, a binary alloy of copper and zinc, has superior mechanical properties compared to its constituent metals due to solution strengthening.", "Strengthening mechanisms of materials __knowledge__ Work hardening (such as beating a red-hot piece of metal on anvil) has also been used for centuries by blacksmiths to introduce dislocations into materials, increasing their yield strengths.", "Halo Wars 2 __knowledge__ Halo Wars 2 is a real-time strategy (RTS) video game developed by 343 Industries and Creative Assembly.", "Halo Wars 2 __knowledge__ The game was published by Microsoft Studios and released in February 2017 on Windows-based personal computers (PCs) and the Xbox One video game console.", "Halo Wars 2 __knowledge__ The game is set in the science fiction universe of the \"Halo\" series in the year 2559, and is a sequel to the 2009 video game \"Halo Wars\".", "Halo Wars 2 __knowledge__ The game sees the return of the human crew aboard the UNSC warship \"Spirit of Fire\" and introduces a new alien faction known as the Banished.", "Halo Wars 2 __knowledge__ A war between the two factions ensues on the Ark, a Forerunner installation.", "Women in the California Gold Rush __knowledge__ Women in the California Gold Rush, which began in Northern California in 1848, initially included Spanish descendants, or Californios, who already lived in California, Native American women, and rapidly arriving immigrant women from all over the world.", "Women in the California Gold Rush __knowledge__ At first, the numbers of immigrant women were scarce, but they contributed to their community nonetheless.", "Women in the California Gold Rush __knowledge__ Some of the first people in the mining fields were wives and families who were already in California.", "Women in the California Gold Rush __knowledge__ A few settler women and kids and the few men who didn't leave their family worked right alongside the men but most men who arrived left their wives and families home." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The trait of extraversion–introversion is a central dimension of human personality theories.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The terms \"introversion\" and \"extraversion\" were popularized by Carl Jung, although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Examples include the Big Five model, Jung's analytical psychology, Hans Eysenck's three-factor model, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion and introversion are typically viewed as a single continuum, so to be high in one necessitates being low in the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Carl Jung and the developers of the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator provide a different perspective and suggest that everyone has both an extraverted side and an introverted side, with one being more dominant than the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Rather than focusing on interpersonal behavior, however, Jung defined introversion as an \"attitude-type characterised by orientation in life through subjective psychic contents\" (focus on one's inner psychic activity) and extraversion as \"an attitude type characterised by concentration of interest on the external object\" (focus on the outside world).", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ The MBTI was constructed by Katharine Cook Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ It is based on the conceptual theory proposed by Carl Jung, who had speculated that humans experience the world using four principal psychological functions – sensation, intuition, feeling, and thinking – and that one of these four functions is dominant for a person most of the time.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ The MBTI was constructed for normal populations and emphasizes the value of naturally occurring differences.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ \"The underlying assumption of the MBTI is that we all have specific preferences in the way we construe our experiences, and these preferences underlie our interests, needs, values, and motivation.\"", "Personality __knowledge__ Personality is defined as the set of habitual behaviors, cognitions and emotional patterns that evolve from biological and environmental factors.", "Personality __knowledge__ While there is no generally agreed upon definition of personality, most theories focus on motivation and psychological interactions with one's environment.", "Personality __knowledge__ Trait-based personality theories, such as those defined by Raymond Cattell define personality as the traits that predict a person's behavior.", "Personality __knowledge__ On the other hand, more behaviorally based approaches define personality through learning and habits.", "Personality __knowledge__ Nevertheless, most theories view personality as relatively stable.", "Arousal __knowledge__ Arousal is the physiological and psychological state of being awoken or of sense organs stimulated to a point of perception.", "Arousal __knowledge__ It involves activation of the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) in the brain, which mediates wakefulness, the autonomic nervous system, and the endocrine system, leading to increased heart rate and blood pressure and a condition of sensory alertness, mobility, and readiness to respond.", "Arousal __knowledge__ Arousal is mediated by several different neural systems.", "Arousal __knowledge__ Wakefulness is regulated by the ARAS, which is composed of projections from five major neurotransmitter systems that originate in the brainstem and form connections extending throughout the cortex; activity within the ARAS is regulated by neurons that release the neurotransmitters acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, histamine, and serotonin.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking is a 2012 non-fiction book written by Susan Cain.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Cain argues that modern Western culture misunderstands and undervalues the traits and capabilities of introverted people, leading to \"a colossal waste of talent, energy, and happiness.\"", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ The book presents a history of how Western culture transformed from a culture of character to a culture of personality in which an \"extrovert ideal\" dominates and introversion is viewed as inferior or even pathological.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Adopting scientific definitions of introversion and extroversion as preferences for different levels of stimulation, \"Quiet\" outlines the advantages and disadvantages of each temperament, emphasizing the myth of the extrovert ideal that has dominated in the West since the early twentieth century.", "Personality type __knowledge__ Personality type refers to the psychological classification of different types of individuals.", "Personality type __knowledge__ Personality types are sometimes distinguished from personality traits, with the latter embodying a smaller grouping of behavioral tendencies.", "Personality type __knowledge__ Types are sometimes said to involve \"qualitative\" differences between people, whereas traits might be construed as \"quantitative\" differences.", "Personality type __knowledge__ According to type theories, for example, introverts and extraverts are two fundamentally different categories of people.", "Personality type __knowledge__ According to trait theories, introversion and extraversion are part of a continuous dimension, with many people in the middle.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ In Carl Jung's theories of psychological type the cognitive functions (sometimes known as \"mental functions\") are defined as different ways of perceiving and judging.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ They are defined as \"thinking\", \"feeling\", \"sensation\" and \"intuition\".", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ Extraversion: An attitude defining the self in accordance to the standard of the external world.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ Introversion: An attitude defining the outer world in accordance to the standard of the self.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ INtuition: Abstract perception of the environment.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ Sensing: Concrete perception of the environment.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ Thinking: Impersonal assessment.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ Feeling: Person-centered assessment.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ The model in which the four cognitive functions combine to form different psychological types was conceived by Jung in his pioneering work \"Psychological Types\" (1921, ).", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ The Big Five personality traits, also known as the five factor model (FFM), is a model based on common language descriptors of personality.", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ When factor analysis (a statistical technique) is applied to personality survey data, some words used to describe aspects of personality are often applied to the same person.", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ For example, someone described as \"conscientious\" is more likely to be described as \"always prepared\" rather than \"messy\".", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ This theory is based therefore on the association between words but not on neuropsychological experiments.", "Big Five personality traits __knowledge__ This theory uses descriptors of common language and therefore suggests five broad dimensions commonly used to describe the human personality and psyche.", "Reinforcement sensitivity theory __knowledge__ Reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) proposes three brain-behavioral systems that underlie individual differences in sensitivity to reward, punishment, and motivation.", "Reinforcement sensitivity theory __knowledge__ While not originally defined as a theory of personality, the RST has been used to study and predict anxiety, impulsivity, and extraversion.", "Reinforcement sensitivity theory __knowledge__ The theory evolved from Gray's biopsychological theory of personality to incorporate findings from a number of areas in psychology and neuroscience, culminating in a major revision in 2000.", "Reinforcement sensitivity theory __knowledge__ The revised theory distinguishes between fear and anxiety and proposes functionally related subsystems." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The trait of extraversion–introversion is a central dimension of human personality theories.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The terms \"introversion\" and \"extraversion\" were popularized by Carl Jung, although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Examples include the Big Five model, Jung's analytical psychology, Hans Eysenck's three-factor model, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion and introversion are typically viewed as a single continuum, so to be high in one necessitates being low in the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Carl Jung and the developers of the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator provide a different perspective and suggest that everyone has both an extraverted side and an introverted side, with one being more dominant than the other.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Rather than focusing on interpersonal behavior, however, Jung defined introversion as an \"attitude-type characterised by orientation in life through subjective psychic contents\" (focus on one's inner psychic activity) and extraversion as \"an attitude type characterised by concentration of interest on the external object\" (focus on the outside world).", "Quantitative methods in criminology __knowledge__ Quantitative methods provide the primary research methods for studying the distribution and causes of \"crime\".", "Quantitative methods in criminology __knowledge__ Quantitative methods provide numerous ways to obtain data that are useful to many aspects of society.", "Quantitative methods in criminology __knowledge__ The use of quantitative methods such as survey research, field research, and evaluation research as well as others, help criminologists to gather reliable and valid data helpful in the field of criminology.", "Quantitative methods in criminology __knowledge__ The data can, and is often, used by criminologists and other social scientists in making causal statements about variables being researched.", "Quantitative methods in criminology __knowledge__ A general definition for criminology is a scientific approach to the study of criminal behavior.", "Sigmund Freud __knowledge__ Sigmund Freud ( ; ; born Sigismund Schlomo Freud; 6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939) was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst.", "Sigmund Freud __knowledge__ Freud was born to Galician Jewish parents in the Moravian town of Freiberg, in the Austrian Empire.", "Sigmund Freud __knowledge__ He qualified as a doctor of medicine in 1881 at the University of Vienna.", "Sigmund Freud __knowledge__ Upon completing his habilitation in 1885, he was appointed a docent in neuropathology and became an affiliated professor in 1902.", "Sigmund Freud __knowledge__ Freud lived and worked in Vienna, having set up his clinical practice there in 1886.", "Light meter __knowledge__ A light meter is a device used to measure the amount of light.", "Light meter __knowledge__ In photography, a light meter is often used to determine the proper exposure for a photograph.", "Light meter __knowledge__ Typically a light meter will include either digital or analog electronic circuit, which allows the photographer to determine which shutter speed and f-number should be selected for an optimum exposure, given a certain lighting situation and film speed.", "Light meter __knowledge__ Light meters are also used in the fields of cinematography and scenic design, in order to determine the optimum light level for a scene.", "Light meter __knowledge__ They are used in the general field of architectural lighting design to verify proper installation and performance of a building lighting system, and in assessing the light levels for growing plants.", "Exposure value __knowledge__ In photography, exposure value (EV) is a number that represents a combination of a camera's shutter speed and f-number, such that all combinations that yield the same exposure have the same EV (for any fixed scene luminance).", "Exposure value __knowledge__ Exposure value is also used to indicate an interval on the photographic exposure scale, with a difference of 1 EV corresponding to a standard power-of-2 exposure step, commonly referred to as a stop.", "Exposure value __knowledge__ The EV concept was developed by the German shutter manufacturer in the 1950s (Gebele 1958; Ray 2000, 318).", "Exposure value __knowledge__ Its intent was to simplify choosing among equivalent camera exposure settings by replacing combinations of shutter speed and \"f\"-number (e.g., 1/125 s at \"f\"/16) with a single number (e.g., 15).", "APEX system __knowledge__ APEX stands for Additive system of Photographic EXposure, which was proposed in the 1960 ASA standard for monochrome film speed, ASA PH2.5-1960, as a means of simplifying exposure computation.", "APEX system __knowledge__ Until the late 1960s, cameras did not have built-in exposure meters, and many photographers did not have external exposure meters.", "APEX system __knowledge__ Consequently, it often was necessary to calculate exposure from lighting conditions.", "APEX system __knowledge__ The relationship of recommended photographic exposure to a scene's average luminance is given by the camera exposure equation where Use of the symbol formula_4 for luminance reflects photographic industry practice at the time of ASA PH2.5-1960; current SI practice prefers the symbol formula_8.", "List of first-order theories __knowledge__ In mathematical logic, a first-order theory is given by a set of axioms in some language.", "List of first-order theories __knowledge__ This entry lists some of the more common examples used in model theory and some of their properties.", "List of first-order theories __knowledge__ For every natural mathematical structure there is a signature σ listing the constants, functions, and relations of the theory together with their valences, so that the object is naturally a σ-structure.", "List of first-order theories __knowledge__ Given a signature σ there is a unique first-order language \"L\" that can be used to capture the first-order expressible facts about the σ-structure.", "List of first-order theories __knowledge__ There are two common ways to specify theories: An L theory may: The signature of the pure identity theory is empty, with no functions, constants, or relations.", "Divine right of kings __knowledge__ The divine right of kings, divine right, or God's mandate is a political and religious doctrine of royal and political legitimacy.", "Divine right of kings __knowledge__ It asserts that a monarch is subject to no earthly authority, deriving the right to rule directly from the will of God.", "Divine right of kings __knowledge__ The king is thus not subject to the will of his people, the aristocracy, or any other estate of the realm.", "Divine right of kings __knowledge__ It implies that only God can judge an unjust king and that any attempt to depose, dethrone or restrict his powers runs contrary to the will of God and may constitute a sacrilegious act.", "Divine right of kings __knowledge__ It is often expressed in the phrase \"by the Grace of God\", attached to the titles of a reigning monarch.", "Socionics __knowledge__ Socionics, in psychology and sociology, is a theory of information processing and personality type, distinguished by its information model of the psyche (called \"Model A\") and a model of interpersonal relations.", "Socionics __knowledge__ It incorporates Carl Jung's work on \"Psychological Types\" with Antoni Kępiński's theory of information metabolism.", "Socionics __knowledge__ Socionics is a modification of Jung's personality type theory that uses eight psychic functions, in contrast to Jung's model, which used only four.", "Socionics __knowledge__ These functions are supposed to process information at varying levels of competency and interact with the corresponding function in other individuals, giving rise to predictable reactions and impressions—a theory of intertype relations.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ The MBTI was constructed by Katharine Cook Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ It is based on the conceptual theory proposed by Carl Jung, who had speculated that humans experience the world using four principal psychological functions – sensation, intuition, feeling, and thinking – and that one of these four functions is dominant for a person most of the time.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ The MBTI was constructed for normal populations and emphasizes the value of naturally occurring differences.", "Myers–Briggs Type Indicator __knowledge__ \"The underlying assumption of the MBTI is that we all have specific preferences in the way we construe our experiences, and these preferences underlie our interests, needs, values, and motivation.\"", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ In Carl Jung's theories of psychological type the cognitive functions (sometimes known as \"mental functions\") are defined as different ways of perceiving and judging.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ They are defined as \"thinking\", \"feeling\", \"sensation\" and \"intuition\".", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ Extraversion: An attitude defining the self in accordance to the standard of the external world.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ Introversion: An attitude defining the outer world in accordance to the standard of the self.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ INtuition: Abstract perception of the environment.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ Sensing: Concrete perception of the environment.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ Thinking: Impersonal assessment.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ Feeling: Person-centered assessment.", "Jungian cognitive functions __knowledge__ The model in which the four cognitive functions combine to form different psychological types was conceived by Jung in his pioneering work \"Psychological Types\" (1921, ).", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ Confirmation bias, also called confirmatory bias or myside bias, is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or hypotheses.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ It is a type of cognitive bias and a systematic error of inductive reasoning.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ People display this bias when they gather or remember information selectively, or when they interpret it in a biased way.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ The effect is stronger for emotionally charged issues and for deeply entrenched beliefs.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ Confirmation bias is a variation of the more general tendency of apophenia.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ People also tend to interpret ambiguous evidence as supporting their existing position.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking is a 2012 non-fiction book written by Susan Cain.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Cain argues that modern Western culture misunderstands and undervalues the traits and capabilities of introverted people, leading to \"a colossal waste of talent, energy, and happiness.\"", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ The book presents a history of how Western culture transformed from a culture of character to a culture of personality in which an \"extrovert ideal\" dominates and introversion is viewed as inferior or even pathological.", "Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking __knowledge__ Adopting scientific definitions of introversion and extroversion as preferences for different levels of stimulation, \"Quiet\" outlines the advantages and disadvantages of each temperament, emphasizing the myth of the extrovert ideal that has dominated in the West since the early twentieth century.", "Temperament Isolation Theory __knowledge__ Temperament Isolation Theory, also known as personality bias or personality discrimination, is a recent social science theory that attempts to explain how cultures favor a specific temperament and how they view and interact with those of other or opposite temperaments.", "Temperament Isolation Theory __knowledge__ The first concepts of the theory were explored by Susan Cain in her book \"\" where she looked at how western cultures, particularly the United States, value extroversion over introversion and how that could possibly make it difficult for introverts to thrive in society.", "Temperament Isolation Theory __knowledge__ Northern Arizona University professor Jorge Rodriguez III took the idea a step further and viewed how the opposite could be viewed in eastern cultures where introversion is valued over extroversion.", "Walter Terence Stace __knowledge__ Walter Terence Stace (17 November 1886 – 2 August 1967) was a British civil servant, educator, public philosopher and epistemologist, who wrote on Hegel, mysticism, and moral relativism.", "Walter Terence Stace __knowledge__ He worked with the Ceylon Civil Service from 1910-1932, and from 1932-1955 he was employed by Princeton University in the Department of Philosophy.", "Walter Terence Stace __knowledge__ He is most renowned for his work in the philosophy of mysticism, and for books like \"Mysticism and Philosophy\" (1960) and \"Teachings of the Mystics\" (1960).", "Walter Terence Stace __knowledge__ These works have been influential in the study of mysticism, but they have also been severely criticised for their lack of methodological rigor and their perennialist pre-assumptions." ] ]

[ 2, 6, 3, 7, 1 ]

[ "Those terms were popularized by Carl Jung,", "Not sure, but they are typically viewed on a single contiuum.", "No it is widely varied. Extraverts tend to be outgoing and talkative, whereas introverts are more solitary and reserved.", "Not sure, but everybody has both an introverted and extroverted side, its just one is more dominant.", "It is a central dimension of human personality theories." ]

[ "Extraversion and introversion", "Extraversion and introversion", "Extraversion and introversion", "Extraversion and introversion", "Extraversion and introversion" ]

[ "Dog\nI don't like dogs, do you?", "what role does buddy performs?", "really, i think dogs are carnivorous in nature but someone it is being tamed, what do you think?", "yes it is, but it is risky to own a dog because of visitors" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ A wolfdog (also called a wolf–dog hybrid or wolf hybrid) is a canid hybrid resulting from the hybridization of a domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\") to one of four other \"Canis\" sub-species, the gray (\"Canis lupus\"), eastern timber (\"Canis lycaon\"), red (\"Canis rufus\"), and Ethiopian wolves (\"Canis simensis\").", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ Intra-hybridization between dogs and other subspecies of gray wolves are the most common wolfdogs since dogs and gray wolves are considered the same species, are genetically very close, and have shared vast portions of their ranges for millennia.", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ Such hybridization in the wild have been detected in many populations scattered throughout Europe and North America, usually occurring in areas where wolf populations have declined from human impacts and persecutions.", "Diogenes __knowledge__ Diogenes (; , \"Diogenēs\" ), also known as Diogenes the Cynic (, \"Diogenēs ho Kunikos\"), was a Greek philosopher and one of the founders of Cynic philosophy.", "Diogenes __knowledge__ He was born in Sinope, an Ionian colony on the Black Sea, in 412 or 404 B.C.", "Diogenes __knowledge__ and died at Corinth in 323 B.C.", "Diogenes __knowledge__ Diogenes was a controversial figure.", "Diogenes __knowledge__ His father minted coins for a living, and Diogenes was banished from Sinope when he took to debasement of currency.", "Diogenes __knowledge__ After being exiled, he moved to Athens and criticized many cultural conventions of the city.", "Diogenes __knowledge__ He modelled himself on the example of Heracles, and believed that virtue was better revealed in action than in theory.", "Dachshund __knowledge__ The dachshund ( or or ) is a short-legged, long-bodied, hound-type dog breed.", "Dachshund __knowledge__ The standard size dachshund was developed to scent, chase, and flush out badgers and other burrow-dwelling animals, while the miniature dachshund was bred to hunt smaller prey such as rabbits.", "Dachshund __knowledge__ In the United States, they have also been used to track wounded deer and hunt prairie dogs.", "Dachshund __knowledge__ Dachshunds also participate in conformation shows, field trials and many other events organized through pure-bred dog organizations such as the American Kennel Club (AKC).", "Dachshund __knowledge__ According to the AKC, the dachshund is ranked in 13th place in popularity amongst dog breeds in the United States.", "Dog bite __knowledge__ A dog bite is a bite inflicted upon a person, a group of persons or another animal by a dog.", "Dog bite __knowledge__ One or more successive bites is often considered a dog attack.", "Dog bite __knowledge__ The majority of dog bites do not result in injury, disfigurement, infection or permanent disability.", "Dog bite __knowledge__ Another type of dog bite is the 'soft bite' displayed by well-trained dogs, puppies and in non-aggressive play.", "Dog bite __knowledge__ Situations in which dog bites occur include dog fighting, mistreatment, trained dogs acting as guard or military animals, provoked or unprovoked.", "Dog bite __knowledge__ There is considerable debate on whether or not certain breeds of dogs are inherently more prone to commit attacks causing serious injury (i.e., so driven by instinct and breeding that, under certain circumstances, they are exceedingly likely to attempt or commit dangerous attacks).", "Basenji __knowledge__ The Basenji is a breed of hunting dog.", "Basenji __knowledge__ It was bred from stock that originated in central Africa.", "Basenji __knowledge__ Most of the major kennel clubs in the English-speaking world place the breed in the Hound Group—more specifically, in the sighthound type.", "Basenji __knowledge__ The Fédération Cynologique Internationale places the breed in group five, spitz and primitive types, and the United Kennel Club (US) places the breed in the Sighthound & Pariah Group.", "Basenji __knowledge__ The Basenji produces an unusual yodel-like sound commonly called a \"baroo\", due to its unusually shaped larynx.", "Basenji __knowledge__ This trait also gives the Basenji the nickname \"soundless dog\" Basenjis share many unique traits with pariah dog types.", "Poren Huang __knowledge__ Poren Huang (Chinese: 黃柏仁, born 1970), a Taiwanese sculptor, was born in Taichung, located in central Taiwan.", "Poren Huang __knowledge__ His grandfather and parents engaged in wood carving business.", "Poren Huang __knowledge__ In his youth, he majored in sculpture at Fu-Hsin Trade & Art School.", "Poren Huang __knowledge__ In 2001, Poren Huang had joined Graz International Sculpture Exhibition in Austria.", "Poren Huang __knowledge__ He has also participated in several prominent art fairs in both Taiwan and overseas.", "Poren Huang __knowledge__ His well-known pieces include aboriginal-figures and personified dogs.", "Poren Huang __knowledge__ The National Taiwan Museum of Fine Art has already collected two of his works.", "Poren Huang __knowledge__ His work \"The Archer\" has been published in textbooks for senior high school students in Taiwan.", "Coenurosis in humans __knowledge__ Coenurosis is a parasitic infection that results when humans ingest the eggs of dog tapeworm species \"Taenia multiceps\", \"T. serialis, T. brauni,\" or \"T.", "Coenurosis in humans __knowledge__ glomerata.\"", "Coenurosis in humans __knowledge__ It is important to distinguish that there is a very significant difference between intestinal human tapeworm infection and human coenurosis.", "Coenurosis in humans __knowledge__ Humans are the definitive hosts for some tapeworm species, the most common being \"T. saginata\" and \"T. solium\" (beef and pork tapeworms).", "Coenurosis in humans __knowledge__ This means that these species can develop into full grown, reproductively capable adult worms within the human body.", "Coenurosis in humans __knowledge__ People infected with these species have a tapeworm infection." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Buddy's Adventures __knowledge__ Buddy's Adventures is an American animated short film, released November 17, 1934 (though one source gives March 5, 1935, as a date.)", "Buddy's Adventures __knowledge__ It is a \"Looney Tunes\" cartoon, featuring Buddy, the second star of the series.", "Buddy's Adventures __knowledge__ The cartoon was directed by Ben Hardaway; musical direction was by Bernard Brown.", "Buddy's Adventures __knowledge__ Buddy and Cookie float through a terrible thunderstorm in a hot air balloon of Buddy's design.", "Buddy's Adventures __knowledge__ \"In a few minutes, we'll be on Mars\", promises Buddy.", "Buddy's Adventures __knowledge__ Cookie is afraid; when a bolt of lightning streaks by, Buddy nonchalantly dismisses it as probable flatulence on his part.", "Buddy's Adventures __knowledge__ But the next bolt sends Cookie into Buddy's arms, and both are sorely afraid.", "The Nutty Professor __knowledge__ The Nutty Professor is a 1963 American science fiction-romantic comedy film produced, directed, co-written (with Bill Richmond) and starring Jerry Lewis.", "The Nutty Professor __knowledge__ The score was composed by Walter Scharf.", "The Nutty Professor __knowledge__ The film is a parody of Robert Louis Stevenson's \"Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde\".", "The Nutty Professor __knowledge__ In 2004, \"The Nutty Professor\" was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\".", "The Nutty Professor __knowledge__ It is largely considered to be Lewis's finest and most memorable film.", "The Nutty Professor __knowledge__ In 1996, a remake starring Eddie Murphy and Jada Pinkett-Smith was released, directed by Tom Shadyac.", "Follies __knowledge__ Follies is a musical with music and lyrics by Stephen Sondheim and a book by James Goldman.", "Follies __knowledge__ The story concerns a reunion in a crumbling Broadway theatre, scheduled for demolition, of the past performers of the \"Weismann's Follies,\" a musical revue (based on the \"Ziegfeld Follies\"), that played in that theatre between the World Wars.", "Follies __knowledge__ It focuses on two couples, Buddy and Sally Durant Plummer and Benjamin and Phyllis Rogers Stone, who are attending the reunion.", "Follies __knowledge__ Sally and Phyllis were showgirls in the Follies.", "Follies __knowledge__ Both couples are deeply unhappy with their marriages.", "Follies __knowledge__ Buddy, a traveling salesman, is having an affair with a girl on the road; Sally is still as much in love with Ben as she was years ago; and Ben is so self-absorbed that Phyllis feels emotionally abandoned.", "Buddy diving __knowledge__ Buddy diving is the use of the buddy system by scuba divers and is a set of safety procedures that are intended to improve divers' chances of avoiding or surviving accidents in or under water by diving in a group of two or sometimes three divers.", "Buddy diving __knowledge__ When using the buddy system, members of the group dive together and co-operate with each other, so that they can help or rescue each other in the event of an emergency.", "Buddy diving __knowledge__ This is most effective if the divers are both competent in all the relevant skills and are sufficiently aware of the situation to be able to respond in time, which is a matter of both attitude and competence.", "Animal Man __knowledge__ Animal Man (Bernhard \"Buddy\" Baker) is a fictional character, a superhero in the .", "Animal Man __knowledge__ As a result of being in proximity to an exploding extraterrestrial spaceship, Buddy Baker acquires the ability to temporarily \"borrow\" the abilities of animals (such as a bird's flight or the proportionate strength of an ant).", "Animal Man __knowledge__ Using these powers, Baker fights crime as the costumed superhero Animal Man.", "Animal Man __knowledge__ Created by writer Dave Wood and artist Carmine Infantino, Buddy Baker first appeared in \"Strange Adventures\" #180 (September 1965) and adopted the name Animal Man in issue #190.", "Animal Man __knowledge__ Animal Man was a minor character for his first twenty years, never gaining the popularity of other DC heroes such as Batman or Superman.", "Buddy (Hinton novel) __knowledge__ Buddy (1982) is a novel written by Nigel Hinton.", "Buddy (Hinton novel) __knowledge__ The main characters are Buddy Clark, his mother Carol Clark, his father Terry Clark and Julian and Charmian Rybeero.", "Buddy (Hinton novel) __knowledge__ The story deals with issues such as racism, thieving and child neglect.", "Buddy (Hinton novel) __knowledge__ The book was made into a television series starring Roger Daltrey as Buddy's father Terry in 1986.", "Buddy (Hinton novel) __knowledge__ It was the first installment in the Buddy trilogy and is followed by Buddy's Song (1987) which became a film (starring Chesney Hawkes and Roger Daltrey) in 1991 and Buddy's Blues (1995).", "Buddy (Hinton novel) __knowledge__ Buddy is still widely used in English lessons at British and Irish secondary schools, sometimes with the TV series to compare the two media.", "Buddy Bradley __knowledge__ Harold \"Buddy\" William Bradley Jr., generally referred to as Buddy Bradley, is a comic book character created by Peter Bagge and the main protagonist in several of his comic books, most notably \"Hate\" and \"Neat Stuff\".", "Buddy Bradley __knowledge__ The character first appeared in Bagge's self-published \"Comical Funnies\" in 1981.", "Buddy Bradley __knowledge__ In the 1990s Buddy became an iconic symbol of Seattle underground culture, with the character being associated with slackerdom and the grunge movement, something which his creator sees as fairly unintentional on his part.", "Buddy Bradley __knowledge__ Bagge created Buddy as a fairly unlikeable character as a commentary on shallow hipster culture, but the character was immensely popular, with members of Generation X strongly identifying with Buddy and his problems.", "Jason Ringenberg __knowledge__ Jason Ringenberg (born November 22, 1958) is an American musician, singer-songwriter and guitarist and the lead singer of Jason & the Scorchers.", "Jason Ringenberg __knowledge__ Ringenberg was born in Kewanee, Illinois and grew up in nearby Sheffield, Illinois, where his parents ran a hog farm.", "Jason Ringenberg __knowledge__ He started playing in rock, alternative rock, and country-bands while in school at Southern Illinois University Carbondale.", "Jason Ringenberg __knowledge__ In 1981, Ringenberg moved to Nashville, Tennessee, where he soon formed Jason and the Scorchers with Warner Hodges, Jeff Johnson, and Perry Baggs.", "Jason Ringenberg __knowledge__ Their potent mix of punk rock and country gained them fans around the world.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ This is a list of Pound Puppies characters from the television series that ran from 1986 to 1989.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ The animated children's show was based on the popular 1980's stuffed toy line.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ Cooler (Beagle/Bloodhound mix) – Cooler is the leader of the Pound Puppies.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ As his name would imply, Cooler has an outgoing and mellow personality and always keeps his head up even in the most daring situations.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ He also has a witty and sharp sense of humor compared to the other characters in the series, which is also backed up by his goofy Eddie Murphy-styled laugh.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ His battle cry is \"Pound Puppies, let's start pounding!\"", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ The Sims 3: Pets is the fifth expansion pack for \"The Sims 3\" on PC and Mac, and is the second console game in the series.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ It was released on October 18, 2011 in North America.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ Like in previous expansions for \"The Sims\" games, this expansion introduces pets such as cats and dogs and, for the first time, horses into the game.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ On June 3, 2011, EA confirmed the rumors with a press release and a game trailer which was released on their Official YouTube Channel.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ \"The Sims 3: Pets\" expansion pack is focused around adding animals to the game.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ The player creates their pet in a similar fashion to the 'Create A Sim' feature.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Although capable of living indoors with humans similarly to cats or dogs, pet skunks are relatively rare, partly due to restrictive laws and the complexity of their care.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Pet skunks are mainly kept in the United States, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland and Italy.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ In the United States, pet skunks can be purchased from licensed animal shelters, non-profit skunk educational organizations such as the American Domestic Skunk Association, Inc., or breeders with a permit from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Baby skunk availability peaks during springtime, immediately following the skunk mating season.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Dog food is food specifically formulated and intended for consumption by dogs and other related canines.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Like all carnivores, dogs have sharp, pointed teeth, and have short gastrointestinal tracts better suited for the consumption of meat.", "Dog food __knowledge__ In spite of this natural carnivorous design, dogs have still managed to adapt over thousands of years to survive on the meat and non-meat scraps and leftovers of human existence and thrive on a variety of foods.", "Dog food __knowledge__ In the United States alone, dog owners spent over $8.6 billion on commercially manufactured dog food in 2007.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Some people make their own dog food, feed their dogs meals made from ingredients purchased in grocery or health food stores or give their dogs a raw food diet." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Can't Be Tamed (song) __knowledge__ \"Can't Be Tamed\" is a song by American recording artist Miley Cyrus for her third studio album of the same name (2010).", "Can't Be Tamed (song) __knowledge__ It was released on May 14, 2010 by Hollywood Records as the lead single from the record.", "Can't Be Tamed (song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Cyrus, Antonina Armato, and Tim James.", "Can't Be Tamed (song) __knowledge__ A Rockangeles remix version featuring rapper Lil Jon was included as a bonus track on digital editions of the album.", "Can't Be Tamed (song) __knowledge__ According to Cyrus, \"Can't Be Tamed\" describes a desire to break out and experience freedom.", "Can't Be Tamed (song) __knowledge__ The song's lyrics deal with the themes of freedom and self-expression.", "Can't Be Tamed (song) __knowledge__ \"Can't Be Tamed\" received generally positive responses by music critics.", "The Taming of the Shrew __knowledge__ The Taming of the Shrew is a comedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1590 and 1592.", "The Taming of the Shrew __knowledge__ The play begins with a framing device, often referred to as the induction, in which a mischievous nobleman tricks a drunken tinker named Christopher Sly into believing he is actually a nobleman himself.", "The Taming of the Shrew __knowledge__ The nobleman then has the play performed for Sly's diversion.", "The Taming of the Shrew __knowledge__ The main plot depicts the courtship of Petruchio and Katherina, the headstrong, obdurate shrew.", "The Taming of the Shrew __knowledge__ Initially, Katherina is an unwilling participant in the relationship; however, Petruchio \"tames\" her with various psychological torments, such as keeping her from eating and drinking, until she becomes a desirable, compliant, and obedient bride.", "Can't Be Tamed __knowledge__ Can't Be Tamed is the third studio album by American singer Miley Cyrus.", "Can't Be Tamed __knowledge__ It was released on June 18, 2010, by Hollywood Records; it would become her final album with the label after signing with RCA Records in 2013.", "Can't Be Tamed __knowledge__ Cyrus wrote the project in 2009, while travelling internationally for her Wonder World Tour, and recorded it in 2010.", "Can't Be Tamed __knowledge__ Described by Cyrus as a \"good [record] to blast in your car\", \"Can't Be Tamed\" represents a musical departure from her earlier work, which she had grown to feel uninspired by.", "Can't Be Tamed __knowledge__ As executive producers, Tish Cyrus and Jason Morey enlisted partners including Devrim Karaoglu, Marek Pompetzki, Rock Mafia, and John Shanks to achieve Cyrus' desired new sound.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ This is a list of creatures in the fictional \"Star Wars\" universe.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ To be listed here, creatures must be noted in multiple canonical sources.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ An Acklay is a large non-Sentient creature resembling an Earth's praying mantis.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is a Crustacean.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is equipped with three eyes and six legs with four digits each, the fourth of which terminates in an elongated scythe-like claw and a crest to protect it from air attack.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ As a carnivore, it possesses a mouth full of long, sharp teeth that it uses for catching fish.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It originated on Vendaxa, but has since adapted to other environments such as Felucia and Geonosis.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ The Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), or simply Cattle Dog, is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia for droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ This breed is a medium-sized, short-coated dog that occurs in two main colour forms.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It has either brown or black hair distributed fairly evenly through a white coat, which gives the appearance of a \"red\" or \"blue\" dog.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ As with dogs from other working breeds, the Australian Cattle Dog is energetic and intelligent with an independent streak.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It responds well to structured training, particularly if it is interesting and challenging.", "Carnivorous plant __knowledge__ Carnivorous plants are plants that derive some or most of their nutrients (but not energy) from trapping and consuming animals or protozoans, typically insects and other arthropods.", "Carnivorous plant __knowledge__ Carnivorous plants have adapted to grow in places where the soil is thin or poor in nutrients, especially nitrogen, such as acidic bogs and rock outcroppings.", "Carnivorous plant __knowledge__ Charles Darwin wrote \"Insectivorous Plants\", the first well-known treatise on carnivorous plants, in 1875.", "Carnivorous plant __knowledge__ True carnivory is thought to have evolved independently nine times in five different orders of flowering plants, and is represented by more than a dozen genera.", "African village dog __knowledge__ The African village dog is a type of dog that is not a mix of modern breeds but rather a direct descendant of indigenous dogs.", "African village dog __knowledge__ While a study done by Cornell University caused some to believe that Africa was the earliest site of domestication for dogs, a further study by Peter Savolainen reaffirmed the theory that dogs were first domesticated in China.", "African village dog __knowledge__ In an analysis of hundreds of semi-feral African village dogs conducted by Cornell University, it was found that dogs from most regions of Africa are genetically distinct from both non-native breeds and mixed-breed dogs.", "African village dog __knowledge__ The Village Dog Genetic Diversity Project, field researchers from the University of California, Davis, local veterinarians, and others sampled 318 African village dogs from Uganda, Egypt, and Namibia.", "Ahmet Sendil __knowledge__ Ahmet Sendil is a Turkish music producer, remixer and DJ who was an influential part of Electronic Music scene in Turkey in the late 1980s and a leading performer and producer of minimal since the early 1990s.", "Ahmet Sendil __knowledge__ Ahmet Sendil was born on 16 October 1973 in Antalya, Turkey.", "Ahmet Sendil __knowledge__ Taking an interest in the newly introduced electronic music genre, Şendil started his musical career in 1989.", "Ahmet Sendil __knowledge__ He was amongst the pioneers of Electronic Music in Turkey, DJ'ing at Studio 54 Istanbul, one of the first nightclubs in Turkey.", "Ahmet Sendil __knowledge__ In the 1990s, he played in almost every major club in Turkey, including X-tacy, Club 12, Moonlight and High End.", "Sick leave __knowledge__ Sick leave (or paid sick days or sick pay) is time off from work that workers can use to stay home to address their health and safety needs without losing pay.", "Sick leave __knowledge__ Paid sick leave is a statutory requirement in many nations.", "Sick leave __knowledge__ Most European, many Latin American, a few African and a few Asian countries have legal requirements for paid sick leave.", "Sick leave __knowledge__ The Book of Leviticus prescribed (7) days of medical isolation for a skin condition in chapter 13.", "Sick leave __knowledge__ Already in 1500 BCE, at least some of the workers who built the tombs of Egyptian pharaohs received paid sick leave as well as state-supported health care.", "Sick leave __knowledge__ In nations without laws mandating paid sick leave, some employers choose to offer it.", "Sunscreen __knowledge__ Sunscreen, also known as sunblock and suntan lotion, is a lotion, spray, gel or other topical product that absorbs or reflects some of the sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation and thus helps protect against sunburn.", "Sunscreen __knowledge__ Diligent use of sunscreen can also slow or temporarily prevent the development of wrinkles and sagging skin.", "Sunscreen __knowledge__ Depending on the mode of action, sunscreens can be classified into physical sunscreens (i.e., those that reflect the sunlight) or chemical sunscreens (i.e., those that absorb the UV light).", "Sunscreen __knowledge__ Medical organizations such as the American Cancer Society recommend the use of sunscreen because it aids in the prevention of squamous cell carcinomas.", "Gornji Milanovac __knowledge__ Gornji Milanovac (, ) is a town and municipality located in the Moravica District of central Serbia.", "Gornji Milanovac __knowledge__ The population of the town is 24,216, while the population of the municipality is 44,406.", "Gornji Milanovac __knowledge__ The city was founded in 1853.", "Gornji Milanovac __knowledge__ Before 1859 the original name of the city was Despotovac, after the Despotovica river passing by the town.", "Gornji Milanovac __knowledge__ In 1859 the name was changed to Gornji Milanovac at the request of the Prince of Serbia Miloš Obrenović.", "Gornji Milanovac __knowledge__ Its name means \"Upper Milanovac\" (there is a Lower Milanovac as well, while Milanovac stems from the name Milan in Serbian).", "Gornji Milanovac __knowledge__ Initially the settlement that was to become Gornji Milanovac (before 1853) was situated in the area of today's village Brusnica.", "Wireless security __knowledge__ Wireless security is the prevention of unauthorized access or damage to computers using wireless networks.", "Wireless security __knowledge__ The most common types of wireless security are Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) and Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA).", "Wireless security __knowledge__ WEP is a notoriously weak security standard.", "Wireless security __knowledge__ The password it uses can often be cracked in a few minutes with a basic laptop computer and widely available software tools.", "Wireless security __knowledge__ WEP is an old IEEE 802.11 standard from 1999, which was outdated in 2003 by WPA, or Wi-Fi Protected Access.", "Wireless security __knowledge__ WPA was a quick alternative to improve security over WEP.", "Wireless security __knowledge__ The current standard is WPA2; some hardware cannot support WPA2 without firmware upgrade or replacement.", "Residence card of a family member of a Union citizen __knowledge__ European Economic Area (EEA) citizens have the right of free movement and residence throughout the EEA.", "Residence card of a family member of a Union citizen __knowledge__ This right also extends to certain family members, even if they are not EEA citizens.", "Residence card of a family member of a Union citizen __knowledge__ A Residence card of a family member of a Union citizen is issued to the family member to confirm this right of residence.", "Residence card of a family member of a Union citizen __knowledge__ The holder of a valid Residence Card is entitled to use this document in lieu of an entry visa for entry to all EEA member states.", "Residence card of a family member of a Union citizen __knowledge__ There is not a unified format for this card in the EU country.", "Residence card of a family member of a Union citizen __knowledge__ They have an EU family member’s residence card issued under EU rules by any EU country (except the country you are a national of), and they are travelling together with you or travelling to join you in another EU country.", "Domestic violence in Australia __knowledge__ In Australia, domestic violence is defined by Family Law Act 1975 as \"violent, threatening or other behaviour by a person that coerces or controls a member of the person's family, or causes the family member to be fearful\".", "Domestic violence in Australia __knowledge__ The Act refers to acts of violence that occur between people who have, or have had, an intimate relationship in domestic settings.", "Domestic violence in Australia __knowledge__ Domestic violence is most commonly perpetrated by males against their female partners, but it also includes violence against men by their female partners and violence within same-sex relationships.", "Domestic violence in Australia __knowledge__ However, the term can be altered by each state's legislation and can broaden the spectrum of domestic violence, such as in Victoria, where family-like relationships and witnessing any type of violence in the family is defined as a family violence." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Charm School with Ricki Lake is the third and final season of the VH1 reality television series \"Charm School\".", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Fourteen contestants from \"Rock of Love Bus with Bret Michaels\" and \"Real Chance of Love\" must change their old ways and learn improvement through acts of charity work.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Ricki Lake is the headmistress of the Charm School, and is assisted by deans Alani \"La La\" Vazquez and Stryker.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Ebony Jones (Risky) was ultimately named Charm School Queen and was awarded the $100,000.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ \"First Aired May 11, 2009 This season of \"Charm School\" opens with fourteen women from \"Rock of Love Bus\" and \"Real Chance of Love\" on a bus traveling to meet their headmistress, Ricki Lake.", "Mike and the Mad Dog __knowledge__ Mike and the Mad Dog was an afternoon drive sports radio program based out of WFAN in New York City hosted by Mike Francesa and Christopher \"Mad Dog\" Russo.", "Mike and the Mad Dog __knowledge__ Airing from 1989 to 2008, the show featured Francesa and Russo talking sports and taking phone calls from listeners.", "Mike and the Mad Dog __knowledge__ From 2002 onwards, the show was simulcast on television on the YES Network.", "Mike and the Mad Dog __knowledge__ On the radio, the show was simulcast beginning 2007 on WQYK in Tampa, Florida and from 2004 until 2007 on WROW in Albany, New York.", "Mike and the Mad Dog __knowledge__ Before Francesa and Russo were paired, Russo was an overnight/weekend and fill-in host.", "Mike and the Mad Dog __knowledge__ He caught the attention of Don Imus, who was impressed with his vibrant personality and brought Russo onto the \"Imus in the Morning\" show as its sports reporter.", "Rotherham child sexual exploitation scandal __knowledge__ The Rotherham child sexual exploitation scandal has been described as the \"biggest child protection scandal in UK history\".", "Rotherham child sexual exploitation scandal __knowledge__ From the late 1980s until the 2010s, organised child sexual abuse continued almost unchallenged by legal authorities in the northern English town of Rotherham, South Yorkshire.", "Rotherham child sexual exploitation scandal __knowledge__ It was first documented in the early 1990s, when care-home managers investigated reports that children in their care were being picked up by taxi drivers.", "Rotherham child sexual exploitation scandal __knowledge__ From at least 2001, multiple reports passed names of alleged perpetrators, several from one family, to the police and Rotherham Council.", "Rotherham child sexual exploitation scandal __knowledge__ The first group conviction took place in 2010, when five British-Pakistani men were convicted of sexual offences against girls aged 12–16, but the ringleaders remained at large.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ Dog meat is the flesh and other edible parts derived from dogs.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ Historically, human consumption of dog meat has been recorded in many parts of the world, including East and Southeast Asia, West Africa, Europe, Oceania and the Americas.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ In the 21st century, dog meat is consumed in many parts of China, Korea, and Vietnam.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ Some cultures view the consumption of dog meat as part of their traditional and day-to-day cuisine, while other cultures consider consumption of dog meat a taboo, although they have been consumed in times of war or other hardships.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ It was estimated in 2014 that worldwide, 25 million dogs are eaten each year by humans.", "Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ The U.S. subprime mortgage crisis was a set of events and conditions that led to a financial crisis and subsequent recession that began in 2007.", "Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ It was characterized by a rise in subprime mortgage delinquencies and foreclosures, and the resulting decline of securities backed by said mortgages.", "Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Several major financial institutions collapsed in September 2008, with significant disruption in the flow of credit to businesses and consumers and the onset of a severe global recession.", "Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Government housing policies, over-regulation, failed regulation and deregulation have all been claimed as causes of the crisis, along with many others.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men are a culture jamming activist duo and network of supporters created by Jacques Servin and Igor Vamos.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ Through actions of tactical media, the Yes Men primarily aim to raise awareness about problematic social and political issues.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ To date, the duo have produced three films: \"The Yes Men\" (2003), \"The Yes Men Fix the World\" (2009) and \"The Yes Men Are Revolting\" (2014).", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ In these films, they impersonate entities that they dislike, a practice that they call \"identity correction\".", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men operate under the mission statement that lies can expose truth.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ They create and maintain fake websites similar to ones they intend to spoof, which have led to numerous interview, conference, and TV talk show invitations.", "Military Police Corps (Israel) __knowledge__ The Military Police Corps of the Israel Defense Forces (, \"Heil HaMishtara HaTzva'it\") is the Israeli military police and provost.", "Military Police Corps (Israel) __knowledge__ The military police serves the Manpower Directorate during peace time, and the Technological and Logistics Directorate during war.", "Military Police Corps (Israel) __knowledge__ The military police is a brigade-sized of about 4,500, currently headed by Brigadier General Ran Kohav.", "Military Police Corps (Israel) __knowledge__ It is responsible for various law enforcement duties, including aiding IDF commanders in enforcing discipline, guarding the military prisons, locating deserters, investigating crimes committed by soldiers, and helping man the Israeli checkpoints in the Palestinian territories.", "Battle of Mosul (2016–2017) __knowledge__ The Battle of Mosul (2016–2017) (, \"Ma‘rakat al-Mawṣil\"; , \"Şeriy Mûsil\") was a major military campaign launched by the Iraqi Government forces with allied militias, the Kurdistan Regional Government, and international forces to retake the city of Mosul from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), which had seized the city in June 2014.", "Battle of Mosul (2016–2017) __knowledge__ During the military intervention against ISIL, Iraqi and Peshmerga forces had already made unsuccessful attempts to retake the city in 2015 and again in 2016, despite limited gains.", "Battle of Mosul (2016–2017) __knowledge__ The offensive, dubbed Operation \"We Are Coming, Nineveh\" (; \"Qadimun Ya Naynawa\"), began on 16 October 2016, with forces besieging ISIL-controlled areas in the Nineveh Governorate surrounding Mosul, and continued with Iraqi troops and Peshmerga fighters engaging ISIL on three fronts outside Mosul, going from village to village in the surrounding area in the largest deployment of Iraqi troops since the 2003 invasion of Iraq.", "Gandhara __knowledge__ Gandhāra was an ancient Indo-Aryan mahajanapada (\"great realm\") situated in modern day northern Pakistan, in the Peshawar valley and Potohar plateau, and extending to Jalalabad district of modern-day Afghanistan.", "Gandhara __knowledge__ During the Achaemenid period and Hellenistic period, its capital city was Charsadda, but later the capital city was moved to Peshawar by the Kushan emperor Kanishka the Great in about AD 127.", "Gandhara __knowledge__ Gandhara existed since the time of the Rigveda (c. 1500–1200 BC), as well as the Zoroastrian Avesta, which mentions it as \"Vaēkərəta\", the sixth most beautiful place on earth, created by Ahura Mazda.", "Auxiliary police __knowledge__ Auxiliary police, also called special police, are usually the part-time reserves of a regular police force.", "Auxiliary police __knowledge__ They may be armed or unarmed.", "Auxiliary police __knowledge__ They may be unpaid volunteers or paid members of the police service with which they are affiliated.", "Auxiliary police __knowledge__ In most jurisdictions, auxiliary police officers are empowered to make arrests for crimes that occur in their presence.", "Auxiliary police __knowledge__ The Australian Federal Police can appoint Special Members who do not have full police powers.", "Auxiliary police __knowledge__ Special Members are generally recruited locally to perform regulatory and administrative duties, but also perform some community policing duties in location such as Norfolk Island, Christmas Island and Jervis Bay Territory.", "Withdrawal of U.S. troops from Afghanistan __knowledge__ The withdrawal of U.S. troops from Afghanistan describes the draw down of United States Armed Forces in the Afghanistan war and the plans after its post-2014 presence when most combat troops had left Afghanistan at the end of 2014.", "Withdrawal of U.S. troops from Afghanistan __knowledge__ NATO had planned on maintaining 13,000 troops including 9,800 Americans in an advisory and counter-terrorism capacity in Afghanistan during the 2015 phase of the War in Afghanistan and they were expected to maintain a presence inside Afghanistan until well after the end of 2016.", "Withdrawal of U.S. troops from Afghanistan __knowledge__ In July 2016, in light of the deteriorating security conditions, the US postponed the withdrawal until December 2016 and decided to maintain a force of 8,400 troops in 4 garrisons (Kabul, Kandahar, Bagram and Jalalabad) indefinitely due to Taliban resurgence attempt after the Battle of Kunduz.", "War in Afghanistan (2001–present) __knowledge__ This article covers the history of Afghanistan since the United States invasion of Afghanistan of October 7, 2001, a period sometimes referred to as the War in Afghanistan, or the U.S. War in Afghanistan, code named Operation Enduring Freedom – Afghanistan (2001–2014) and Operation Freedom's Sentinel (2015–present) The U.S. in their 2001 invasion was supported initially by the United Kingdom and Canada and later by a coalition of over 40 countries, including all NATO members.", "War in Afghanistan (2001–present) __knowledge__ The war's public aims were to dismantle al-Qaeda and to deny it a safe base of operations in Afghanistan by removing the Taliban from power.", "Military police __knowledge__ Military police (MP) are law enforcement agencies connected with, or part of, the military of a state.", "Military police __knowledge__ The word can have different meanings in different countries, and may refer to: The status of military police is usually prominently displayed on the helmet and/or on an armband, brassard, or arm or shoulder flash.", "Military police __knowledge__ In the Second World War, the military police of the German Army still used a metal gorget as an emblem.", "Military police __knowledge__ Naval police members are sometimes called \"masters-at-arms\" and shore patrol.", "Military police __knowledge__ \"Military police\" is a law enforcement agency, which follow the Brazilian military rules.", "Military police __knowledge__ The Canadian Forces Military Police (CF MP) contribute to the effectiveness and readiness of the Canadian Forces (CF) and the Department of National Defence (DND) through the provision of professional police, security and operational support services worldwide." ] ]

[ 7, 8, 7, 7 ]

[ "I like dogs buddy, Its a good pet. It perform many roles for people", "It is a good protection for our house and one of my family member. ", "It is good assisting for police and military", "No. If we trained it will be quiet. In olden days it is mainly used for hunting" ]

[ "Dog", "Dog", "Dog", "Dog" ]

[ "Nineteen Eighty-Four\n1984 is an incredible book. George Orwell has a great mind to predict such a future. ", "I had only read the book because a teacher assigned it but I would like to get into some of his other work. Are you familiar with any of it?", "Oh I already like that just from the title. Does Winston succeed? ", "That's terrible. It's a shame that in this day and age there is a version of that same thought police." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Nineteen Eighty-Four, often published as 1984, is a dystopian novel published in 1949 by English author George Orwell.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The novel is set in Airstrip One, formerly Great Britain, a province of the superstate Oceania, whose residents are victims of perpetual war, omnipresent government surveillance and public manipulation.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Oceania's political ideology, euphemistically named English Socialism (shortened to \"Ingsoc\" in Newspeak, the government's invented language) is enforced by the privileged, elite Inner Party.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Via the \"Thought Police\", the Inner Party persecutes individualism and independent thinking, which are regarded as \"thoughtcrimes\".", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The tyranny is ostensibly overseen by a mysterious leader known as Big Brother, who enjoys an intense cult of personality.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The Party \"seeks power entirely for its own sake.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ It is not interested in the good of others; it is interested solely in power.\"", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The protagonist of the novel, Winston Smith, is a member of the Outer Party, who works for the Ministry of Truth, or Minitrue in Newspeak.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Minitrue is responsible for propaganda and historical revisionism.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Winston's job is to rewrite past newspaper articles, so the historical record always supports the Party's agenda.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 – 21 January 1950), better known by his pen name George Orwell, was an English novelist, essayist, journalist, and critic.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ His work is marked by lucid prose, awareness of social injustice, opposition to totalitarianism, and outspoken support of democratic socialism.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ Orwell wrote literary criticism, poetry, fiction, and polemical journalism.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ He is best known for the allegorical novella \"Animal Farm\" (1945) and the dystopian novel \"Nineteen Eighty-Four\" (1949).", "George Orwell __knowledge__ His non-fiction works, including \"The Road to Wigan Pier\" (1937), documenting his experience of working class life in the north of England, and \"Homage to Catalonia\" (1938), an account of his experiences in the Spanish Civil War, are widely acclaimed, as are his essays on politics, literature, language, and culture.", "George Orwell bibliography __knowledge__ The bibliography of George Orwell includes journalism, essays, novels and non-fiction books written by the British writer Eric Blair (1903–50), either under his own name or, more usually, under his pen name George Orwell.", "George Orwell bibliography __knowledge__ Orwell was a prolific writer on topics related to contemporary English society and literary criticism, whom the British newsweekly \"The Economist\" in 2008 declared \"perhaps the 20th century's best chronicler of English culture.\"", "George Orwell bibliography __knowledge__ His non-fiction cultural and political criticism constitutes the majority of his work, but Orwell also wrote in several genres of fictional literature.", "Animal Farm __knowledge__ Animal Farm is an allegorical novella by George Orwell, first published in England on 17 August 1945.", "Animal Farm __knowledge__ According to Orwell, the book reflects events leading up to the Russian Revolution of 1917 and then on into the Stalinist era of the Soviet Union.", "Animal Farm __knowledge__ Orwell, a democratic socialist, was a critic of Joseph Stalin and hostile to Moscow-directed Stalinism, an attitude that was critically shaped by his experiences during the Spanish Civil War.", "Animal Farm __knowledge__ The Soviet Union, he believed, had become a brutal dictatorship, built upon a cult of personality and enforced by a reign of terror.", "Animal Farm __knowledge__ In a letter to Yvonne Davet, Orwell described \"Animal Farm\" as a satirical tale against Stalin (\"\"\"\"), and in his essay \"Why I Write\" (1946), wrote that \"Animal Farm\" was the first book in which he tried, with full consciousness of what he was doing, \"to fuse political purpose and artistic purpose into one whole\".", "Homage to Catalonia __knowledge__ Homage to Catalonia is George Orwell's personal account of his experiences and observations in the Spanish Civil War.", "Homage to Catalonia __knowledge__ The first edition was published in the United Kingdom in 1938.", "Homage to Catalonia __knowledge__ The book was not published in the United States until February 1952, when it appeared with an influential preface by Lionel Trilling.", "Homage to Catalonia __knowledge__ The only translation published in Orwell's lifetime was into Italian, in December 1948.", "Homage to Catalonia __knowledge__ A French translation by Yvonne Davet—with whom Orwell corresponded, commenting on her translation and providing explanatory notes—in 1938–39, was not published until five years after Orwell's death.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction (often shortened to SF or sci-fi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a \"literature of ideas\".", "Science fiction __knowledge__ It usually avoids the supernatural, unlike the related genre of fantasy.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Historically, science-fiction stories have had a grounding in actual science, but now this is only expected of hard science fiction.", "Politics and the English Language __knowledge__ \"Politics and the English Language\" (1946) is an essay by George Orwell that criticises the \"ugly and inaccurate\" written English of his time and examines the connection between political orthodoxies and the debasement of language.", "Politics and the English Language __knowledge__ The essay focuses on political language, which, according to Orwell, \"is designed to make lies sound truthful and murder respectable, and to give an appearance of solidity to pure wind.\"", "Politics and the English Language __knowledge__ Orwell believed that the language used was necessarily vague or meaningless because it was intended to hide the truth rather than express it.", "Politics and the English Language __knowledge__ This unclear prose was a \"contagion\" which had spread to those who did not intend to hide the truth, and it concealed a writer's thoughts from himself and others.", "The Road to Wigan Pier __knowledge__ The Road to Wigan Pier is a book by the British writer George Orwell, first published in 1937.", "The Road to Wigan Pier __knowledge__ The first half of this work documents his sociological investigations of the bleak living conditions among the working class in Lancashire and Yorkshire in the industrial north of England before World War II.", "The Road to Wigan Pier __knowledge__ The second half is a long essay on his middle-class upbringing, and the development of his political conscience, questioning British attitudes towards socialism.", "The Road to Wigan Pier __knowledge__ Orwell states plainly that he himself is in favour of socialism, but feels it necessary to point out reasons why many people who would benefit from socialism, and should logically support it, are in practice likely to be strong opponents." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Nineteen Eighty-Four, often published as 1984, is a dystopian novel published in 1949 by English author George Orwell.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The novel is set in Airstrip One, formerly Great Britain, a province of the superstate Oceania, whose residents are victims of perpetual war, omnipresent government surveillance and public manipulation.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Oceania's political ideology, euphemistically named English Socialism (shortened to \"Ingsoc\" in Newspeak, the government's invented language) is enforced by the privileged, elite Inner Party.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Via the \"Thought Police\", the Inner Party persecutes individualism and independent thinking, which are regarded as \"thoughtcrimes\".", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The tyranny is ostensibly overseen by a mysterious leader known as Big Brother, who enjoys an intense cult of personality.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The Party \"seeks power entirely for its own sake.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ It is not interested in the good of others; it is interested solely in power.\"", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The protagonist of the novel, Winston Smith, is a member of the Outer Party, who works for the Ministry of Truth, or Minitrue in Newspeak.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Minitrue is responsible for propaganda and historical revisionism.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Winston's job is to rewrite past newspaper articles, so the historical record always supports the Party's agenda.", "Woppenroth __knowledge__ Woppenroth is an \"Ortsgemeinde\" – a municipality belonging to a \"Verbandsgemeinde\", a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.", "Woppenroth __knowledge__ It belongs to the \"Verbandsgemeinde\" of Kirchberg, whose seat is in the like-named town.", "Woppenroth __knowledge__ The municipality lies at an elevation of more than 400 m above sea level on a plateau in the central Hunsrück, roughly 7 km south of Kirchberg and 12 km southeast of Frankfurt-Hahn Airport.", "Woppenroth __knowledge__ South of the village looms the Lützelsoon, a small wooded hill region.", "Woppenroth __knowledge__ To the west lies the Hahnenbach valley, and to the east the Kellenbach valley.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "Mass surveillance __knowledge__ Mass surveillance is the intricate surveillance of an entire or a substantial fraction of a population in order to monitor that group of citizens.", "Mass surveillance __knowledge__ The surveillance is often carried out by governments or governmental organisations, but may also be carried out by corporations, either on behalf of governments or at their own initiative.", "Mass surveillance __knowledge__ Depending on each nation's laws and judicial systems, the legality of and the permission required to engage in mass surveillance varies.", "Mass surveillance __knowledge__ It is often distinguished from targeted surveillance.", "Mass surveillance __knowledge__ Mass surveillance has often been cited as necessary to fight terrorism, to prevent social unrest, to protect national security, to fight child pornography and protect children and to control the population.", "John Wayne Gacy __knowledge__ John Wayne Gacy Jr. (March 17, 1942 – May 10, 1994) was an American serial killer and rapist.", "John Wayne Gacy __knowledge__ He sexually assaulted, tortured and murdered at least 33 teenage boys and young men between 1972 and 1978 in Cook County, Illinois (a part of metropolitan Chicago).", "John Wayne Gacy __knowledge__ All of Gacy's known murders were committed inside his Norwood Park ranch house.", "John Wayne Gacy __knowledge__ His victims were typically induced to his address by force or deception, and all but one of his victims were murdered by either asphyxiation or strangulation with a makeshift tourniquet; his first victim was stabbed to death.", "John Wayne Gacy __knowledge__ Gacy buried 26 of his victims in the crawl space of his home.", "Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present) __knowledge__ Ongoing news reports in the international media have revealed operational details about the United States National Security Agency (NSA) and its international partners' global surveillance of foreign nationals and U.S. citizens.", "Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present) __knowledge__ The reports mostly emanate from a cache of top secret documents leaked by ex-NSA contractor Edward Snowden, which he obtained whilst working for Booz Allen Hamilton, one of the largest contractors for defense and intelligence in the United States.", "Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present) __knowledge__ In addition to a trove of U.S. federal documents, Snowden's cache reportedly contains thousands of Australian, British and Canadian intelligence files that he had accessed via the exclusive \"Five Eyes\" network.", "Closed-circuit television __knowledge__ Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV), also known as video surveillance, is the use of video cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors.", "Closed-circuit television __knowledge__ It differs from broadcast television in that the signal is not openly transmitted, though it may employ point to point (P2P), point to multipoint (P2MP), or mesh wired or wireless links.", "Closed-circuit television __knowledge__ Though almost all video cameras fit this definition, the term is most often applied to those used for surveillance in areas that may need monitoring such as banks, stores, and other areas where security is needed.", "Closed-circuit television __knowledge__ Though Videotelephony is seldom called \"CCTV\" one exception is the use of video in distance education, where it is an important tool.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ Aircraft in fiction covers the various real-world aircraft that have made significant appearances in fiction over the decades, including in books, films, toys, TV programs, video games, and other media.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ These appearances spotlight the popularity of different models of aircraft, and showcase the different types for the general public.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ The first aviation film was the 1911 William J. Humphrey–directed two-reeler, \"The Military Air-Scout\", shot following an Aero Club of America flying meet at Long Island, New York, with Lt. Henry Arnold doing the stunt flying.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ \"Arnold, who picked up 'a few extra bucks' for his services, became so excited about movies that he almost quit the Army to become an actor.\"", "NSA warrantless surveillance (2001–07) __knowledge__ The NSA warrantless surveillance controversy (\"warrantless wiretapping\") concerns surveillance of persons within the United States during the collection of allegedly foreign intelligence by the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA) as part of the touted war on terror.", "NSA warrantless surveillance (2001–07) __knowledge__ Under this program, referred to by the Bush administration as the terrorist surveillance program, part of the broader President's Surveillance Program, the NSA was authorized by executive order to monitor, without search warrants, the phone calls, Internet activity (Web, e-mail, etc.", "NSA warrantless surveillance (2001–07) __knowledge__ ), text messaging, and other communication involving any party believed by the NSA to be outside the U.S., even if the other end of the communication lies within the U.S.", "Patriot Act __knowledge__ The USA PATRIOT Act is an Act of Congress that was signed into law by President George W. Bush on October 26, 2001.", "Patriot Act __knowledge__ With its ten-letter abbreviation (USA PATRIOT) expanded, the full title is “Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001”.", "Patriot Act __knowledge__ The abbreviation, as well as the full title, have been attributed to Chris Cylke, a former staffer on the House Judiciary Committee.", "Patriot Act __knowledge__ From broad concern felt among Americans from both the September 11 attacks and the 2001 anthrax attacks, Congress rushed to pass legislation to strengthen security controls." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Nineteen Eighty-Four, often published as 1984, is a dystopian novel published in 1949 by English author George Orwell.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The novel is set in Airstrip One, formerly Great Britain, a province of the superstate Oceania, whose residents are victims of perpetual war, omnipresent government surveillance and public manipulation.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Oceania's political ideology, euphemistically named English Socialism (shortened to \"Ingsoc\" in Newspeak, the government's invented language) is enforced by the privileged, elite Inner Party.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Via the \"Thought Police\", the Inner Party persecutes individualism and independent thinking, which are regarded as \"thoughtcrimes\".", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The tyranny is ostensibly overseen by a mysterious leader known as Big Brother, who enjoys an intense cult of personality.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The Party \"seeks power entirely for its own sake.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ It is not interested in the good of others; it is interested solely in power.\"", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The protagonist of the novel, Winston Smith, is a member of the Outer Party, who works for the Ministry of Truth, or Minitrue in Newspeak.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Minitrue is responsible for propaganda and historical revisionism.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Winston's job is to rewrite past newspaper articles, so the historical record always supports the Party's agenda.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ Tracer (also known by her real name, Lena Oxton) is a player character appearing in the 2016 video game \"Overwatch\", a Blizzard Entertainment–developed first-person shooter, and its related animated and literary media.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ Tracer is from the \"Overwatch\" universe, but she was first introduced as a playable character in an April 2016 update for Blizzard's crossover multiplayer online battle arena game, \"Heroes of the Storm\", a month before \"Overwatch\"s official release.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ The character, who is of British origin, has been noted by video game outlets to be both peppy and energetic.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ In-game, Tracer is weak in terms of health but is highly mobile, making use of her teleportation and time traveling abilities.", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ Field Marshal Sir Henry Hughes Wilson, 1st Baronet, (5 May 1864 – 22 June 1922) was one of the most senior British Army staff officers of the First World War and was briefly an Irish unionist politician.", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ Wilson served as Commandant of the Staff College, Camberley, and then as Director of Military Operations at the War Office, in which post he played a vital role in drawing up plans to deploy an Expeditionary Force to France in the event of war.", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ During these years Wilson acquired a reputation as a political intriguer for his role in agitating for the introduction of conscription and in the Curragh incident of 1914, when he encouraged senior officers to resign rather than move against the Ulster Volunteers (UVF).", "Randolph Churchill __knowledge__ Randolph Frederick Edward Spencer-Churchill (28 May 1911 – 6 June 1968) was a journalist and a Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) for Preston from 1940 to 1945.", "Randolph Churchill __knowledge__ He was the son of British Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill and his wife, Clementine Churchill, Baroness Spencer-Churchill.", "Randolph Churchill __knowledge__ He wrote the first two volumes of the official life of his father, complemented by an extensive archive of materials.", "Randolph Churchill __knowledge__ His first wife (1939–46) was Pamela Digby; their son, Winston, followed his father into Parliament.", "Randolph Churchill __knowledge__ Randolph Churchill was born at his parents' house at Eccleston Square, on 28 May 1911.", "Randolph Churchill __knowledge__ His parents nicknamed him \"the Chumbolly\" before he was born.", "List of The Ren & Stimpy Show characters __knowledge__ Over its five seasons, \"The Ren & Stimpy Show\" featured a varied cast of characters, some who appeared in as few as one episode, and some who were practically regulars.", "List of The Ren & Stimpy Show characters __knowledge__ Ren Höek is a scrawny \"Asthma-Hound\" Chihuahua with a fairly long, rat-like, pink tail (which constantly disappears due to the character's animation limits) and tan fur.", "List of The Ren & Stimpy Show characters __knowledge__ Martin \"Dr. Toon\" Goodman of Animation World Magazine described Ren as \"scrawny,\" \"dyspeptic,\" and \"violently psychotic.\"", "List of The Ren & Stimpy Show characters __knowledge__ On some occasions Ren \"lost his mind\" in a \"cumulative process,\" resulting in Ren becoming, in Goodman's words, a \"screaming klaxon, neon-pink eyes dilating into twin novae inches above his jagged, monolithic teeth.\"", "Winston-Salem, North Carolina __knowledge__ Winston-Salem is a city in and the county seat of Forsyth County, North Carolina, United States.", "Winston-Salem, North Carolina __knowledge__ With a 2015 estimated population of 241,218, it is the second largest municipality in the Piedmont Triad region and the 5th-most populous city in North Carolina, and the 89th-most populous city in the United States.", "Winston-Salem, North Carolina __knowledge__ Winston-Salem is home to the tallest office building in the region, 100 North Main Street, formerly the Wachovia Building and now known locally as the Wells Fargo Center.", "Winston-Salem, North Carolina __knowledge__ Winston-Salem is called the \"Twin City\" for its dual heritage and \"City of the Arts and Innovation\" for its dedication to fine arts and theater and technological research.", "List of Still Game characters __knowledge__ \"Still Game\" is a Scottish sitcom series, following the lives of a group of pensioners who live in Craiglang, a fictional area of Glasgow.", "List of Still Game characters __knowledge__ The show was created by and stars Ford Kiernan and Greg Hemphill, and first aired on BBC One Scotland on 1 September 2002.", "List of Still Game characters __knowledge__ The main characters are Jack Jarvis and Victor McDade, two lifelong friends who are neighbours in Osprey Heights, a block of flats.", "List of Still Game characters __knowledge__ They like to visit the local pub together where their friends Winston Ingram, Tam Mullen and Eric are often found.", "List of Still Game characters __knowledge__ Other main characters include Boaby the barman, Navid Harrid, owner of the local corner shop, and Jack and Victor's neighbour Isa Drennan.", "Animal Farm __knowledge__ Animal Farm is an allegorical novella by George Orwell, first published in England on 17 August 1945.", "Animal Farm __knowledge__ According to Orwell, the book reflects events leading up to the Russian Revolution of 1917 and then on into the Stalinist era of the Soviet Union.", "Animal Farm __knowledge__ Orwell, a democratic socialist, was a critic of Joseph Stalin and hostile to Moscow-directed Stalinism, an attitude that was critically shaped by his experiences during the Spanish Civil War.", "Animal Farm __knowledge__ The Soviet Union, he believed, had become a brutal dictatorship, built upon a cult of personality and enforced by a reign of terror.", "Animal Farm __knowledge__ In a letter to Yvonne Davet, Orwell described \"Animal Farm\" as a satirical tale against Stalin (\"\"\"\"), and in his essay \"Why I Write\" (1946), wrote that \"Animal Farm\" was the first book in which he tried, with full consciousness of what he was doing, \"to fuse political purpose and artistic purpose into one whole\".", "George Orwell __knowledge__ Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 – 21 January 1950), better known by his pen name George Orwell, was an English novelist, essayist, journalist, and critic.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ His work is marked by lucid prose, awareness of social injustice, opposition to totalitarianism, and outspoken support of democratic socialism.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ Orwell wrote literary criticism, poetry, fiction, and polemical journalism.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ He is best known for the allegorical novella \"Animal Farm\" (1945) and the dystopian novel \"Nineteen Eighty-Four\" (1949).", "George Orwell __knowledge__ His non-fiction works, including \"The Road to Wigan Pier\" (1937), documenting his experience of working class life in the north of England, and \"Homage to Catalonia\" (1938), an account of his experiences in the Spanish Civil War, are widely acclaimed, as are his essays on politics, literature, language, and culture.", "Animal Farm (song) __knowledge__ \"Animal Farm\" is the first track on the second side of the Kinks' 1968 album, \"The Kinks Are the Village Green Preservation Society\".", "Animal Farm (song) __knowledge__ The track was written by the Kinks' main songwriter, Ray Davies.", "Animal Farm (song) __knowledge__ The lyrics of \"Animal Farm\" visit an escapism theme (one that would be returned to in \"Apeman\" and \"Supersonic Rocket Ship\"), with the singer wanting to flee to \"where real animals are playing.\"", "Animal Farm (song) __knowledge__ He yearns \"to be back there, among the cats and dogs and the pigs and the goats on Animal Farm, [his] animal home.\"", "Animal Farm (song) __knowledge__ The singer dreams of his girlfriend, \"though she's far from home,\" but in his fantasy on animal farm, \"she's by [his] side.\"", "Animal Farm (1999 film) __knowledge__ Animal Farm is a made-for-TV film released in 1999 by Hallmark Films and broadcast on the American cable channel TNT.", "Animal Farm (1999 film) __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of the 1945 George Orwell novel of the same name.", "Animal Farm (1999 film) __knowledge__ The film tells the story of farm animals successfully revolting against their human owner, only to slide into a more brutal tyranny among themselves.", "Animal Farm (1999 film) __knowledge__ The film received mixed reviews when it was broadcast, with much criticism directed at its ending.", "Animal Farm (1999 film) __knowledge__ As a bleak, dark scene unfolds, animals are seen struggling through the mud as Jessie (Julia Ormond), an old, nearly blind border collie (the narrator) reflects on the events that led them to their current situation.", "Ministries of Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The Ministries of Love, Peace, Plenty, and Truth are ministries in George Orwell's futuristic fiction dystopia novel \"Nineteen Eighty-Four\", set in Oceania.", "Ministries of Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Despite the name, no actual \"ministers\" are mentioned in the book, and all public attention is focused on the idealized figurehead Big Brother.", "Ministries of Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The Ministry of Peace concerns itself with war, the Ministry of Truth with lies, the Ministry of Love with torture and the Ministry of Plenty with starvation.", "Ministries of Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ These contradictions are not accidental, nor do they result from ordinary hypocrisy: they are deliberate exercises in doublethink.", "Ministries of Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The Ministry of Love (or Miniluv in Newspeak) serves as Oceania's interior ministry.", "Pilkington (Animal Farm) __knowledge__ Mr. Pilkington of Foxwood Farm is a fictional human character in George Orwell's satirical novel \"Animal Farm.\"", "Pilkington (Animal Farm) __knowledge__ Pilkington is based on Winston Churchill and Franklin Delano Roosevelt.", "Pilkington (Animal Farm) __knowledge__ Mr Pilkington has a larger but more unkempt farm, and is on bad terms with Mr Frederick of Pinchfield Farm.", "Pilkington (Animal Farm) __knowledge__ Frederick's farm is adjacent to Animal Farm on the opposite side, to which Animal Farm acts as a buffer zone, sandwiched between Pinchfield and Foxwood.", "Pilkington (Animal Farm) __knowledge__ Frederick is in ways the antithesis of Pilkington; he is comparatively poorer and has less land than Pilkington; however Pinchfield is more efficiently run and more productive than Foxwood." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Nineteen Eighty-Four, often published as 1984, is a dystopian novel published in 1949 by English author George Orwell.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The novel is set in Airstrip One, formerly Great Britain, a province of the superstate Oceania, whose residents are victims of perpetual war, omnipresent government surveillance and public manipulation.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Oceania's political ideology, euphemistically named English Socialism (shortened to \"Ingsoc\" in Newspeak, the government's invented language) is enforced by the privileged, elite Inner Party.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Via the \"Thought Police\", the Inner Party persecutes individualism and independent thinking, which are regarded as \"thoughtcrimes\".", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The tyranny is ostensibly overseen by a mysterious leader known as Big Brother, who enjoys an intense cult of personality.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The Party \"seeks power entirely for its own sake.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ It is not interested in the good of others; it is interested solely in power.\"", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ The protagonist of the novel, Winston Smith, is a member of the Outer Party, who works for the Ministry of Truth, or Minitrue in Newspeak.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Minitrue is responsible for propaganda and historical revisionism.", "Nineteen Eighty-Four __knowledge__ Winston's job is to rewrite past newspaper articles, so the historical record always supports the Party's agenda.", "Thought Police __knowledge__ In the novel \"Nineteen Eighty-Four\" (1949), by George Orwell, the Thought Police (\"Thinkpol\") are the secret police of the superstate Oceania, who discover and punish \"thoughtcrime\", personal and political thoughts unapproved by the Party.", "Thought Police __knowledge__ The Thinkpol use criminal psychology and omnipresent surveillance (telescreens, microphones, informers) to search for and find, monitor and arrest all citizens of Oceania who would commit \"thoughtcrime\" in challenge to the \"status quo\" authority of the Party and the regime of Big Brother.", "Thought Police __knowledge__ George Orwell's concept of \"thought policing\" derived from the intellectual self-honesty shown by a person's \"power of facing unpleasant facts\"; thus, criticising the prevailing ideas of British society often placed Orwell in conflict with ideologues, people advocating \"smelly little orthodoxies\".", "Thoughtcrime __knowledge__ A thoughtcrime is an Orwellian neologism used to describe an illegal thought.", "Thoughtcrime __knowledge__ The term was popularized in the dystopian novel \"Nineteen Eighty-Four\" by George Orwell, first published in 1949, wherein thoughtcrime is the criminal act of holding unspoken beliefs or doubts that oppose or question Ingsoc, the ruling party.", "Thoughtcrime __knowledge__ In the book, the government attempts to control not only the speech and actions, but also the thoughts of its subjects.", "Thoughtcrime __knowledge__ To entertain unacceptable thoughts is known as crimethink in Newspeak, the ideologically purified dialect of the party.", "Thoughtcrime __knowledge__ Crimestop is a way to avoid crimethink by immediately purging dangerous thoughts from the mind.", "Eye color __knowledge__ Eye color is a polygenic phenotypic character determined by two distinct factors: the pigmentation of the eye's iris and the frequency-dependence of the scattering of light by the turbid medium in the stroma of the iris.", "Eye color __knowledge__ In humans, the pigmentation of the iris varies from light brown to black, depending on the concentration of melanin in the iris pigment epithelium (located on the back of the iris), the melanin content within the iris stroma (located at the front of the iris), and the cellular density of the stroma.", "Eye color __knowledge__ The appearance of blue and green, as well as hazel eyes, results from the Tyndall scattering of light in the stroma, a phenomenon similar to that which accounts for the blueness of the sky called Rayleigh scattering.", "Julia (Nineteen Eighty-Four) __knowledge__ Julia is a fictional character in George Orwell's dystopian novel \"Nineteen Eighty-Four\".", "Julia (Nineteen Eighty-Four) __knowledge__ Her last name is never given in the novel but she is called Dixon in the 1954 BBC TV production.", "Julia (Nineteen Eighty-Four) __knowledge__ Julia was born in 1958 in Oceania, the super-state combining North America, South America, Southern Africa, Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom (renamed \"Airstrip One\").", "Julia (Nineteen Eighty-Four) __knowledge__ Her knowledge of events before the revolution is inaccurate as her grandfather, the only close source to her with that knowledge, disappeared when she was eight.", "Julia (Nineteen Eighty-Four) __knowledge__ Julia integrated herself into the daily life of Oceania early, becoming an especially zealous propagandist for the Junior Anti-Sex League, the Two Minutes Hate and Community Centre.", "The Age of Consent (album) __knowledge__ The Age of Consent is the debut album by synthpop band Bronski Beat (Steve Bronski, Larry Steinbachek and Jimmy Somerville), released on London Records on 15 October 1984.", "The Age of Consent (album) __knowledge__ This was the only album released by the band to feature Somerville, who departed the band in 1985.", "The Age of Consent (album) __knowledge__ By 1984, many European countries had reduced the age of consent for homosexual acts to 16, but it remained at 21 in the United Kingdom, having only been decriminalised in 1967; the wording of the legislation to decriminalise also included wording that placed restrictions such as making illegal the use of a hotel room for sex.", "The Age of Consent (album) __knowledge__ Homosexuality was further stigmatised beyond the restrictions placed on homosexual individuals, and homophobia was a danger to gay individuals.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 – 21 January 1950), better known by his pen name George Orwell, was an English novelist, essayist, journalist, and critic.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ His work is marked by lucid prose, awareness of social injustice, opposition to totalitarianism, and outspoken support of democratic socialism.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ Orwell wrote literary criticism, poetry, fiction, and polemical journalism.", "George Orwell __knowledge__ He is best known for the allegorical novella \"Animal Farm\" (1945) and the dystopian novel \"Nineteen Eighty-Four\" (1949).", "George Orwell __knowledge__ His non-fiction works, including \"The Road to Wigan Pier\" (1937), documenting his experience of working class life in the north of England, and \"Homage to Catalonia\" (1938), an account of his experiences in the Spanish Civil War, are widely acclaimed, as are his essays on politics, literature, language, and culture.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade." ] ]

[ 2, 10, 4, 13 ]

[ "Yes, the novel features a setting where people are victims of constant war and surveillance by the government", "Another of his books is Animal Farm. But in 1984, the main character, named Winston, is employed to rewrite history", "Ultimately no, he is mentally brought to submission by the \"Thought Police\" for his thoughtcrimes of independent thinking", "Yes, George Orwell himself felt like he was a victim of the thought police when he disagreed with the prevailing ideas of British society" ]

[ "Nineteen Eighty-Four", "Nineteen Eighty-Four", "Nineteen Eighty-Four", "Nineteen Eighty-Four" ]

[ "Grey's Anatomy\nI love the show Greys Anatomy", "Did it win awards", "I wonder how many seasons they have had", "I might have to give it a watch" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Although the series is set in Seattle (at the fictional Seattle Grace, later known as the Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital), it is filmed primarily in Los Angeles, California.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The show was originally titled \"Complications\", a double-edged reference to both the complicated medical procedures and personal lives of the characters.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The series was designed to be racially diverse and used color-blind casting.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ It revolves around the title character, Dr. Meredith Grey, played by Ellen Pompeo, first featured as an intern.", "Royal Scots Greys __knowledge__ The Royal Scots Greys was a cavalry regiment of the British Army from 1707 until 1971, when they amalgamated with the 3rd Carabiniers (Prince of Wales's Dragoon Guards) to form The Royal Scots Dragoon Guards (Carabiniers and Greys).", "Royal Scots Greys __knowledge__ The regiment's history began in 1678, when three independent troops of Scots Dragoons were raised.", "Royal Scots Greys __knowledge__ In 1681, these troops were regimented to form The Royal Regiment of Scots Dragoons, numbered the 4th Dragoons in 1694.", "Royal Scots Greys __knowledge__ They were already mounted on grey horses by this stage and were already being referred to as the \"Grey Dragoons\".", "Royal Scots Greys __knowledge__ In 1707, they were renamed The Royal North British Dragoons (\"North Britain\" then being the envisaged common name for Scotland), but were already being referred to as the \"Scots Greys\".", "Owen Sound Greys __knowledge__ The Owen Sound Greys were a series of Canadian junior ice hockey teams based in Owen Sound, Ontario, Canada.", "Owen Sound Greys __knowledge__ They play in the Mid-Western division of the Greater Ontario Junior Hockey League.", "Owen Sound Greys __knowledge__ The original Greys, in their early years, won the 1924 and 1927 Memorial Cups as Dominion Junior Hockey Champions.", "Owen Sound Greys __knowledge__ The Greys were controversially moved to Brampton, Ontario in the summer of 2012 after years of financial trouble.", "Owen Sound Greys __knowledge__ The Greys had survived in three different forms over the years.", "Owen Sound Greys __knowledge__ The Original Greys lasted from 1913 until 1977, winning two Memorial Cups and folding in the ashes of the Southern Ontario Junior A Hockey League.", "Grey alien __knowledge__ Grey aliens, also referred to as \"Alien Greys\", \"Greys\", \"Grays\" and \"Roswell Greys\", are supposed extraterrestrial beings whose existence is discussed in ufological, paranormal, and New Age communities, and who are named for their unique skin color.", "Grey alien __knowledge__ Forty-three percent of all reported alien encounters in the United States describe Grey aliens.", "Grey alien __knowledge__ Such claims vary in every respect including their nature, origins (ETs, extradimensionals, time travelers, or machines), moral dispositions, intentions, and physical appearances (even varying in their skin color).", "Grey alien __knowledge__ A composite description derived from overlap in claims would have Greys as small-bodied beings with smooth grey-colored skin, enlarged hairless head and large black eyes.", "RTÉ2 __knowledge__ RTÉ2 is a free-to-air general entertainment channel operated by Irish national broadcaster Raidió Teilifís Éireann.", "RTÉ2 __knowledge__ It is available to 98% of viewers across the Republic of Ireland through Saorview and available in Northern Ireland through Freeview.", "RTÉ2 __knowledge__ It is also available through digital television services Virgin Media Ireland, Sky Ireland, Eir TV and in Northern Ireland on Virgin Media and Sky.", "RTÉ2 __knowledge__ Content from RTÉ2 is available on the RTÉ Player both nationally and internationally.", "RTÉ2 __knowledge__ RTÉ2 broadcasts in both standard definition and high-definition.", "RTÉ2 __knowledge__ In the 1970s the Irish government considered three options for the introduction of a second television service: the re-transmission of BBC1 Northern Ireland; authorisation of an independent commercial service; or charging RTÉ with the establishment of a second national channel.", "Knickerbocker Greys __knowledge__ The Knickerbocker Greys is the oldest after school activity in the United States, founded in 1881 for children aged 6 to 16.", "Knickerbocker Greys __knowledge__ Since its founding, the primary purpose of the Greys “is to instill in cadets a sense of personal responsibility, and instinct for leadership, the habit of reliability, and the self-assurance which follows mastery of these steps to useful citizenship.” Cadets undergo a series of experiences over the years that build confidence, improve self-esteem, develop character, social skills, patience, perseverance, enthusiasm, public speaking, problem solving and leadership.", "Knickerbocker Greys __knowledge__ The tradition of the Knickerbocker Greys lives on in all of the cadets.", "English Grey budgerigar mutation __knowledge__ The English Grey budgerigar mutation is one of approximately 30 mutations affecting the colour of budgerigars.", "English Grey budgerigar mutation __knowledge__ It appeared briefly in the 1930s but was lost shortly after and until recently was believed to be no longer extant.", "English Grey budgerigar mutation __knowledge__ However, the appearance of the Anthracite budgerigar mutation in 1998 with a seemingly identical appearance and identical genetic behaviour, insofar as can now be determined, suggests the mutation may have been regained.", "English Grey budgerigar mutation __knowledge__ The English Grey variety is very similar in appearance to the Dominant Grey.", "English Grey budgerigar mutation __knowledge__ The original reports described the English Grey in the Blue series as being slate grey with a dark grey to black rump, a white mask carrying black or almost black spots and dark grey, bordering on black, cheek patches, black and white wings and an intense black tail." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Although the series is set in Seattle (at the fictional Seattle Grace, later known as the Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital), it is filmed primarily in Los Angeles, California.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The show was originally titled \"Complications\", a double-edged reference to both the complicated medical procedures and personal lives of the characters.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The series was designed to be racially diverse and used color-blind casting.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ It revolves around the title character, Dr. Meredith Grey, played by Ellen Pompeo, first featured as an intern.", "Women's Image Network Awards __knowledge__ Women's Image Network (WIN), was founded in 1993 to promote gender parity by filmmaker, Phyllis Stuart.", "Women's Image Network Awards __knowledge__ This company became successful from the ongoing support, advice and assistance provided by seasoned entertainment professionals including Sherry Lansing and Arthur Hiller, just two of the illustrious WIN founding advisory board members.", "Women's Image Network Awards __knowledge__ The charity Women's Image Network produces The Women's Image Awards because to the extent that women's voices remain silent everyone is robbed of their contribution.", "Women's Image Network Awards __knowledge__ This growing awards show is now produced during the Hollywood awards season to promote deserving media and drive attention to feature films also contending for Golden Globe and Academy Awards.", "Pennsylvania Junior Academy of Science __knowledge__ Pennsylvania Junior Academy of Science (PJAS) is a statewide organization in Pennsylvania founded in 1934.", "Pennsylvania Junior Academy of Science __knowledge__ The organization is open to all students of participating schools in grades 7 through 12.", "Pennsylvania Junior Academy of Science __knowledge__ Students can participate in both a regional meet as well as a state meet at Penn State University.", "Pennsylvania Junior Academy of Science __knowledge__ 1st Award winners from their regional meets are invited to compete at the state meet where they are given the opportunity present their projects again to win a wide range of awards like $8,000 ($2,000 per year) Penn State scholarships, and other special awards (PA Science Talent Search, Director’s Awards, etc.).", "Oscar bait __knowledge__ Oscar bait is a term used in the film community for movies that appear to have been produced for the sole purpose of earning nominations for Academy Awards or \"Oscars\", as they are commonly known.", "Oscar bait __knowledge__ They are usually released just in advance of Oscar season, late in the calendar year, so as to meet the minimum eligibility requirements for the awards and be fresh in the minds of Oscar voters.", "Oscar bait __knowledge__ The prestige or acclaim the studio may receive from the nomination or award is often secondary to the increased box office receipts such a film may garner; some films may even be depending on it to turn a profit.", "List of awards and nominations received by Selena Gomez __knowledge__ American actress and singer Selena Gomez has won more than ninety awards during her career.", "List of awards and nominations received by Selena Gomez __knowledge__ Gomez won three Teen Choice Awards for her lead role in the fantasy teen sitcom \"Wizards of Waverly Place\".", "List of awards and nominations received by Selena Gomez __knowledge__ She won the Kids' Choice Award for Favorite TV Actress, five times in a row.", "List of awards and nominations received by Selena Gomez __knowledge__ At the 30th Young Artist Awards, she won a Young Artist Awards for her role in the film \"Another Cinderella Story\".", "List of awards and nominations received by Selena Gomez __knowledge__ At the 11th ALMA Awards, she won the Year in TV Comedy – Actress award.", "List of awards and nominations received by Selena Gomez __knowledge__ She also won a Gracie Award (2010), and an Imagen Award (2011).", "List of awards and nominations received by Selena Gomez __knowledge__ At the 2013 Young Hollywood Awards, Gomez won two awards, including Fan Favorite Album for her debut solo album \"Stars Dance\".", "Mayo GAA __knowledge__ The Mayo County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) () or Mayo GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Mayo and the Mayo inter-county teams.", "Mayo GAA __knowledge__ Mayo's senior Gaelic football team play in the Connacht Senior Football Championship.", "Mayo GAA __knowledge__ Holding having three All-Ireland Senior Football Championship wins—1936, 1950 and 1951— and holding having an unequalled number of consecutive National Football League titles.", "Mayo GAA __knowledge__ Mayo also hold the record of staying the longest time in the top flight of the National Football League, being present there since 1997.", "Grammy Award for Best Hawaiian Music Album __knowledge__ The Grammy Award for Best Hawaiian Music Album was an honor presented to recording artists from 2005 to 2011 for quality Hawaiian music albums.", "Grammy Award for Best Hawaiian Music Album __knowledge__ The Grammy Awards, an annual ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards, are presented by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to \"honor artistic achievement, technical proficiency, and overall excellence in the recording industry, without regard to album sales or chart position\".", "Grammy Award for Best Hawaiian Music Album __knowledge__ Campaigning resulted in the Hawaiian category's establishment in 2005.", "Grammy Award for Best Hawaiian Music Album __knowledge__ Prior to its creation, Hawaiian music recordings were eligible for the Best World Music Album category but no Hawaiian musician or group had ever won a Grammy Award.", "Sue Sylvester __knowledge__ Susan Sylvester is a fictional character of the Fox musical comedy-drama series, \"Glee\".", "Sue Sylvester __knowledge__ Known as Sue Sylvester, the character is portrayed by actress Jane Lynch, and appears in \"Glee\" from its pilot episode, first broadcast on May 19, 2009, through the show's final episode, first broadcast on March 25, 2015.", "Sue Sylvester __knowledge__ Sue was developed by \"Glee\" creators Ryan Murphy, Brad Falchuk, and Ian Brennan.", "Sue Sylvester __knowledge__ For the show's first four seasons, Sue is the track-suit wearing coach of the William McKinley High School cheerleading squad, and a ruthless bully to both students and faculty members alike.", "Sue Sylvester __knowledge__ Because her cheerleading squad competes with the glee club for the school's limited funding, she is often at odds with the club and more particularly its director Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison).", "Royal Scots Greys __knowledge__ The Royal Scots Greys was a cavalry regiment of the British Army from 1707 until 1971, when they amalgamated with the 3rd Carabiniers (Prince of Wales's Dragoon Guards) to form The Royal Scots Dragoon Guards (Carabiniers and Greys).", "Royal Scots Greys __knowledge__ The regiment's history began in 1678, when three independent troops of Scots Dragoons were raised.", "Royal Scots Greys __knowledge__ In 1681, these troops were regimented to form The Royal Regiment of Scots Dragoons, numbered the 4th Dragoons in 1694.", "Royal Scots Greys __knowledge__ They were already mounted on grey horses by this stage and were already being referred to as the \"Grey Dragoons\".", "Royal Scots Greys __knowledge__ In 1707, they were renamed The Royal North British Dragoons (\"North Britain\" then being the envisaged common name for Scotland), but were already being referred to as the \"Scots Greys\".", "Owen Sound Greys __knowledge__ The Owen Sound Greys were a series of Canadian junior ice hockey teams based in Owen Sound, Ontario, Canada.", "Owen Sound Greys __knowledge__ They play in the Mid-Western division of the Greater Ontario Junior Hockey League.", "Owen Sound Greys __knowledge__ The original Greys, in their early years, won the 1924 and 1927 Memorial Cups as Dominion Junior Hockey Champions.", "Owen Sound Greys __knowledge__ The Greys were controversially moved to Brampton, Ontario in the summer of 2012 after years of financial trouble.", "Owen Sound Greys __knowledge__ The Greys had survived in three different forms over the years.", "Owen Sound Greys __knowledge__ The Original Greys lasted from 1913 until 1977, winning two Memorial Cups and folding in the ashes of the Southern Ontario Junior A Hockey League.", "Ellen Pompeo __knowledge__ Ellen Kathleen Pompeo (born November 10, 1969) is an American actress, director and producer.", "Ellen Pompeo __knowledge__ She is one of the highest paid television actors, having signed a $20 million annual contract with the American Broadcasting Company in January 2018.", "Ellen Pompeo __knowledge__ She was honored with the 2007 Special Achievement in Entertaining by the National Italian American Foundation for her achievements in the entertainment industry.", "Ellen Pompeo __knowledge__ Born in Everett, Massachusetts, Pompeo moved to New York City at 26 where she was discovered by a casting director who signed her for an advertisement campaign for L'Oreal.", "Ellen Pompeo __knowledge__ She made her screen debut with NBC's legal drama \"Law & Order\", and then guest-starred in other television shows, including the comedy \"Strangers with Candy\", the medical drama \"Strong Medicine\" and \"Friends\".", "Grey's Anatomy (season 11) __knowledge__ The eleventh season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" premiered on September 25, 2014 in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) and consists of 25 episodes.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 11) __knowledge__ The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 11) __knowledge__ The season commenced airing with the episode \"I Must Have Lost it on the Wind\" and concluded with the season finale \"You're My Home\" airing on May 14, 2015.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 11) __knowledge__ The season was officially released on DVD as a six-disc boxset under the title of \"Grey's Anatomy: The Complete Eleventh Season – Life Changes\" on August 18, 2015 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 12) __knowledge__ The twelfth season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" was ordered on May 7, 2015, by ABC.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 12) __knowledge__ It premiered on September 24, 2015, in the United States on ABC.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 12) __knowledge__ The twelfth season includes the show's 250th episode, Guess Who's Coming to Dinner, which is the fifth episode in the season.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 12) __knowledge__ The season is produced by ABC Studios, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 12) __knowledge__ The season commenced airing with the episode \"Sledgehammer\" and concluded with \"Family Affair\".", "Grey's Anatomy (season 12) __knowledge__ This season was the first not to feature Patrick Dempsey as Dr. Derek Shepherd following the death of the character at the end of the eleventh season.", "American Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ The American Broadcasting Company (ABC) is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of Disney–ABC Television Group, a subsidiary of the Disney Media Networks division of The Walt Disney Company.", "American Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan, New York City.", "American Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ There are additional major offices and production facilities elsewhere in New York City, as well as in Los Angeles and Burbank, California.", "American Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ Since 2007, when ABC Radio (also known as Cumulus Media Networks) was sold to Citadel Broadcasting, ABC has reduced its broadcasting operations almost exclusively to television." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Although the series is set in Seattle (at the fictional Seattle Grace, later known as the Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital), it is filmed primarily in Los Angeles, California.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The show was originally titled \"Complications\", a double-edged reference to both the complicated medical procedures and personal lives of the characters.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The series was designed to be racially diverse and used color-blind casting.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ It revolves around the title character, Dr. Meredith Grey, played by Ellen Pompeo, first featured as an intern.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Brian Jacques' fantasy series \"Redwall\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the Abbey Warriors from the books \"The Legend of Luke\" to \"Eulalia!\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Martin I is an anthropomorphic mouse, appearing in the \"Redwall\" series by Brian Jacques.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Known as \"Martin the Warrior\" throughout the Redwall series, Martin, a woodland mouse, is the son of Luke the Warrior and his mate Sayna.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke is the kindly leader of an idyllic tribe of mice.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Their settlement is sacked by a wicked stoat pirate named Vilu Daskar, and Sayna is killed.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke vows revenge against the corsair captain and sets out after him, refusing Martin's wishes to join him, but leaving his sword in his son's possession.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "Wonder Woman (TV series) __knowledge__ Wonder Woman, known from seasons 2-3 as The New Adventures of Wonder Woman, is an American television series based on the DC Comics comic book superhero of the same name.", "Wonder Woman (TV series) __knowledge__ The show stars Lynda Carter as Wonder Woman/Diana Prince and Lyle Waggoner as Steve Trevor Sr. & Jr.", "Wonder Woman (TV series) __knowledge__ It originally aired for three seasons from 1975 to 1979.", "Wonder Woman (TV series) __knowledge__ The show's first season aired on ABC and is set in the 1940s during World War II.", "Wonder Woman (TV series) __knowledge__ The second and third seasons aired on CBS and are set in the 1970s, with the title changed to \"The New Adventures of Wonder Woman\", and a complete change of cast other than Carter and Waggoner.", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ This article is about the history of the fictional DC Comics' character Wonder Woman, who was introduced in \"All Star Comics\" #8 (December 1941), then appearing in \"Sensation Comics\" #1 (January 1942), Six months later appeared in her own comic book series (Summer 1942).", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Since her debut, five regular series of \"Wonder Woman\" have been published, the last launched in June 2016 as part of the DC Rebirth.", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman was introduced in \"All Star Comics\" #8 (December 1941), during the era known to comics historians as the \"Golden Age of Comic Books\".", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Following this debut, she was featured in \"Sensation Comics\" #1 (January 1942), and six months later appeared in her own comic book series (Summer 1942).", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Stevland Hardaway Morris (born Stevland Hardaway Judkins; May 13, 1950), known by his stage name Stevie Wonder, is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, and multi-instrumentalist.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ A child prodigy, he is considered to be one of the most critically and commercially successful musical performers of the late 20th century.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Wonder signed with Motown's Tamla label at the age of 11, and he continued performing and recording for Motown into the 2010s.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ He has been blind since shortly after birth.", "Stevie Wonder __knowledge__ Among Wonder's works are singles such as \"Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours\", \"Superstition\", \"Sir Duke\", \"You Are the Sunshine of My Life\" and \"I Just Called to Say I Love You\"; and albums such as \"Talking Book\", \"Innervisions\" and \"Songs in the Key of Life\".", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes from the American animated children's television series, \"Wonder Pets!\".", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ It debuted on March 3, 2006, on the Nick Jr. block of the Nickelodeon cable television network and Noggin (now Nick Jr.) on December 27, 2006.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ 1.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ Save the Dolphin!/Save the Chimp!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Air Date 9/18/06) The Wonder Pets travel to Hawaii to save a baby dolphin caught in a fishing net who is in danger of drowning.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The Wonder Pets rig their Flyboat for space travel and head for the stars to rescue a baby chimp whose spaceship is about to be hit by a meteor!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Fact: Christine Ka'aloa plays the mother dolphin in this first episode.)", "Wonder Stories __knowledge__ Wonder Stories was an early American science fiction magazine which was published under several titles from 1929 to 1955.", "Wonder Stories __knowledge__ It was founded by Hugo Gernsback in 1929 after he had lost control of his first science fiction magazine, \"Amazing Stories\", when his media company Experimenter Publishing went bankrupt.", "Wonder Stories __knowledge__ Within a few months of the bankruptcy, Gernsback launched three new magazines: \"Air Wonder Stories\", \"Science Wonder Stories\" and \"Science Wonder Quarterly\".", "Wonder Stories __knowledge__ \"Air Wonder Stories\" and \"Science Wonder Stories\" were merged in 1930 as \"Wonder Stories\", and the quarterly was renamed \"Wonder Stories Quarterly\".", "Seattle __knowledge__ Seattle () is a seaport city on the west coast of the United States.", "Seattle __knowledge__ It is the seat of King County, Washington.", "Seattle __knowledge__ With an estimated 713,700 residents , Seattle is the largest city in both the state of Washington and the Pacific Northwest region of North America.", "Seattle __knowledge__ In July 2013, it was the fastest-growing major city in the United States and remained in the Top 5 in May 2015 with an annual growth rate of 2.1%.", "Seattle __knowledge__ In July 2016, Seattle was again the fastest-growing major U.S. city, with a 3.1% annual growth rate.", "Seattle __knowledge__ The city is situated on an isthmus between Puget Sound (an inlet of the Pacific Ocean) and Lake Washington, about south of the Canada–United States border.", "History of professional soccer in Seattle __knowledge__ The history of professional soccer in Seattle spans over four decades, and includes clubs playing in numerous different leagues such as the North American Soccer League, the United Soccer Leagues, the Continental Indoor Soccer League, Major League Soccer, the National Women's Soccer League, and most recently the Major Arena Soccer League.", "History of professional soccer in Seattle __knowledge__ On December 11, 1973, a group of Seattle investors led by Walt Daggatt were granted rights to a franchise in the North American Soccer League, one of three (including the Vancouver Whitecaps and San Jose Earthquakes) heralding the expansion of America's struggling top-tier soccer league to the west coast.", "Architecture of Seattle __knowledge__ The architecture of Seattle, largest city of the US Pacific Northwest, includes aspects that predate the mid-nineteenth century arrival of the area's first settlers of European ancestry, and has reflected and influenced numerous architectural styles over time.", "Architecture of Seattle __knowledge__ As of 2015, a major construction boom continues to reconfigure Seattle's Downtown, as well as neighborhoods such as Capitol Hill, Ballard and, perhaps most dramatically, South Lake Union.", "Architecture of Seattle __knowledge__ Prior to the arrival of European settlers in the Puget Sound area, the largest building in the Salish Sea region was Old Man House, a longhouse roughly northwest of Downtown Seattle near the present-day town of Suquamish.", "Seattle Sounders FC __knowledge__ Seattle Sounders FC is an American professional soccer club based in Seattle, Washington.", "Seattle Sounders FC __knowledge__ The Sounders compete as a member of the Western Conference of Major League Soccer (MLS).", "Seattle Sounders FC __knowledge__ They won MLS Cup in 2016.", "Seattle Sounders FC __knowledge__ The club was established on November 13, 2007, and began play in 2009 as an MLS expansion team.", "Seattle Sounders FC __knowledge__ The Sounders are a phoenix club, and the third Seattle soccer club to carry the Sounders name being part of a legacy which traces back to the original team of the NASL in 1974.", "Seattle Sounders FC __knowledge__ The club's majority owner is Adrian Hanauer, and its minority owners are Joe Roth, Paul Allen and Drew Carey.", "Seattle Sounders FC __knowledge__ Former USL Sounders coach and assistant coach Brian Schmetzer took over as head coach in July 2016 after the departure of Sigi Schmid.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge (sometimes referred to as the Seattle sound) is a subgenre of alternative rock and a subculture that emerged during the in the Pacific Northwest U.S. state of Washington, particularly in Seattle and nearby towns.", "Grunge __knowledge__ The early grunge movement revolved around Seattle's independent record label Sub Pop and that region's underground music scene.", "Grunge __knowledge__ By the early 1990s its popularity had spread, with grunge bands appearing in California, then emerging in other parts of the United States and in Australia, building strong followings and signing major record deals.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge was commercially successful in the early–mid 1990s, due to releases such as Nirvana's \"Nevermind\", Pearl Jam's \"Ten\", Soundgarden's \"Superunknown\", Alice in Chains' \"Dirt\" and Stone Temple Pilots' \"Core\".", "Media in Seattle __knowledge__ Media in Seattle includes long-established newspapers, television and radio stations, and an evolving panoply of smaller, local art, culture, neighborhood and political publications, filmmaking and, most recently, Internet media.", "Media in Seattle __knowledge__ As of the fall of 2009, Seattle has the 20th largest newspaper and the 13th largest radio and television market in the United States.", "Media in Seattle __knowledge__ The Seattle media market also serves Puget Sound and Western Washington.", "Media in Seattle __knowledge__ Seattle has been at the forefront of new media developments since the 1999 protests of a meeting of the World Trade Organization in Seattle spurred the formation of the city's Independent Media Center, which covered and disseminated the breaking news online to a worldwide audience." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Although the series is set in Seattle (at the fictional Seattle Grace, later known as the Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital), it is filmed primarily in Los Angeles, California.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The show was originally titled \"Complications\", a double-edged reference to both the complicated medical procedures and personal lives of the characters.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The series was designed to be racially diverse and used color-blind casting.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ It revolves around the title character, Dr. Meredith Grey, played by Ellen Pompeo, first featured as an intern.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ The characters from the American medieval fantasy television series \"Game of Thrones\" are based on their respective counterparts from author George R. R. Martin's \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" series of novels.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ Set in a fictional universe that has been referred to so far as \"The Known World,\" the series follows a civil war for the Iron Throne of the continent of Westeros, fought between the rival royal and noble families and their respective supporters.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ The following cast members have been credited as main cast in the opening credits: Additionally the following cast members have appeared in 10 or more episodes of the show while maintaining a 'recurring' status: Ned Stark (season 1, 6-7) portrayed by Sean Bean in season 1 as an adult, and by Sebastian Croft in season 6 as a child, and Robert Aramayo in season 6 and 7 as a young adult.", "Ankh-Morpork City Watch __knowledge__ The Ankh-Morpork City Watch is the police force of the fictional city of Ankh-Morpork in the \"Discworld\" series by the English writer Terry Pratchett.", "Ankh-Morpork City Watch __knowledge__ The series comprises eight fantasy novels and one short story centred on the adventures of the City Watch and its commander Sam Vimes, in order of publication they are; \"Guards!", "Ankh-Morpork City Watch __knowledge__ Guards!\"", "Ankh-Morpork City Watch __knowledge__ (1989), \"Theatre of Cruelty\" (1993) (a short story), \"Men at Arms\" (1993), \"Feet of Clay\" (1996), \"Jingo\" (1997), \"The Fifth Elephant\" (1999), \"Night Watch\" (2002), \"Thud!\"", "Ankh-Morpork City Watch __knowledge__ (2005) and \"Snuff\" (2011).", "Ankh-Morpork City Watch __knowledge__ The Watch is also to be the subject of a police procedural television series in development as of 2016, entitled \"The Watch\".", "List of Game & Watch games __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Game & Watch\" games released by Nintendo, along with their format and date of release, if known.", "List of Game & Watch games __knowledge__ See lists of video games for related lists.", "List of Game & Watch games __knowledge__ Several of these games were collected and re-released as ports for the \"Game & Watch Gallery\" series for Game Boy, Game Boy Color and Game Boy Advance.", "List of Game & Watch games __knowledge__ The games also were re-released as stand-alone titles for the Nintendo Mini Classics series in the late 1990s.", "List of Game & Watch games __knowledge__ Digital versions of the games were created as DSiWare which was released for Nintendo DSi in 2009 (2010 internationally) and for Nintendo 3DS in 2011.", "List of Game & Watch games __knowledge__ Ball (originally known as \"Toss-Up\" in North America) is a \"Game & Watch\" game released as a part of the Silver series on April 28, 1980.", "Watch __knowledge__ A watch is a timepiece intended to be carried or worn by a person.", "Watch __knowledge__ It is designed to keep working despite the motions caused by the person's activities.", "Watch __knowledge__ A wristwatch is designed to be worn around the wrist, attached by a watch strap or other type of bracelet.", "Watch __knowledge__ A pocket watch is designed for a person to carry in a pocket.", "Watch __knowledge__ Watches progressed in the 17th century from spring-powered clocks, which appeared as early as the 14th century.", "Watch __knowledge__ During most of its history the watch was a mechanical device, driven by clockwork, powered by winding a mainspring, and keeping time with an oscillating balance wheel.", "Diving watch __knowledge__ A diving watch, also commonly referred to as a diver's or dive watch, is a watch designed for underwater diving that features, as a minimum, a water resistance greater than , the equivalent of .", "Diving watch __knowledge__ The typical diver's watch will have a water resistance of around , though modern technology allows the creation of diving watches that can go much deeper.", "Diving watch __knowledge__ A true contemporary diver's watch is in accordance with the ISO 6425 standard, which defines test standards and features for watches suitable for diving with underwater breathing apparatus in depths of or more.", "Diving watch __knowledge__ Watches conforming to ISO 6425 are marked with the word DIVER'S to distinguish ISO 6425 conformant diving watches from watches that might not be suitable for actual scuba diving.", "List of Third Watch characters __knowledge__ \"Third Watch\" is an American television drama series which first aired on NBC from 1999 to 2005, and followed the lives of an ensemble cast of characters portraying police officers of the New York City Police Department (NYPD) and firefighters and paramedics of the New York City Fire Department (FDNY).", "List of Third Watch characters __knowledge__ Maurice Louis \"Bosco\" Boscorelli is a fictional NYPD police officer on the television series \"Third Watch\"; he was portrayed by Jason Wiles.", "List of Third Watch characters __knowledge__ 'Bosco' was one of the few cast members to stay on the show for its entire six season run.", "List of Third Watch characters __knowledge__ As an officer, Bosco tends to behave in the ‘cowboy’ stereotype, what with constantly ignoring \"boring\" calls in favor of wanting top jobs to play \"super cop\" on.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness, also known as color vision deficiency, is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness can make some educational activities difficult.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Buying fruit, picking clothing, and reading traffic lights can be more challenging, for example.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Problems, however, are generally minor and most people adapt.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ People with total color blindness, however, may also have decreased visual acuity and be uncomfortable in bright environments.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ The most common cause of color blindness is an inherited fault in the development of one or more of the three sets of color sensing cones in the eye.", "Racism __knowledge__ Racism is the belief in the superiority of one race over another, which often results in discrimination and prejudice towards people based on their race or ethnicity.", "Racism __knowledge__ Today, the use of the term \"racism\" does not easily fall under a single definition.", "Racism __knowledge__ The ideology underlying racist practices often includes the idea that humans can be subdivided into distinct groups that are different due to their social behavior and their innate capacities as well as the idea that they can be ranked as inferior or superior.", "Racism __knowledge__ The Holocaust which led to the genocide of many millions of people based on an ideology of racial hierarchy is a well-known historical example of institutionalized racism, and so is the Apartheid regime in South Africa, slavery and segregation in the US.", "Color-blind casting __knowledge__ Nontraditional casting, integrated casting, or sometimes color-blind casting is the practice of casting without considering the actor's ethnicity or skin color.", "Color-blind casting __knowledge__ A representative of the Actors' Equity Association has disputed the use of the term \"color blind\", preferring the definition \"nontraditional casting\".", "Color-blind casting __knowledge__ Nontraditional casting \"is defined as the casting of ethnic minority actors in roles where race or ethnicity is not germane\".", "Color-blind casting __knowledge__ The Non-Traditional Casting Project was founded in 1986 to examine problems of racial discrimination in theatre, film and television.", "Color-blind casting __knowledge__ The Actors' Equity Association is a co-founder.", "Liz Sanbourne __knowledge__ Liz Sanbourne is a fictional character from the American soap opera \"Passions\", which aired on National Broadcasting Company (NBC) from 1999–2007 and on DirecTV from 2007–08.", "Liz Sanbourne __knowledge__ Created by the soap's head writer, James E. Reilly, Liz was portrayed by Amelia Marshall from October 3, 2001 to February 17, 2006.", "Liz Sanbourne __knowledge__ Arreale Davis and Taquel Graves also played the character in flashbacks in 2003.", "Liz Sanbourne __knowledge__ Reilly approached Marshall about the role after they worked together on \"Guiding Light\"; Marshall was attracted to the series due to the opportunity to play a darker and more complex character than her previous experiences.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ Institutional racism (also known as institutionalized racism) is a form of racism expressed in the practice of social and political institutions.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ Institutional racism is also racism by individuals or informal social groups, governed by behavioral norms that support racist thinking and foment active racism.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ It is reflected in disparities regarding wealth, income, criminal justice, employment, housing, health care, political power and education, among other things.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ Whether implicitly or explicitly expressed, institutional racism occurs when a certain group is targeted and discriminated against based upon race.", "List of Grey's Anatomy cast members __knowledge__ \"Grey's Anatomy\" is an American television medical drama that debuted on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), as a mid-season replacement for \"Boston Legal\" on March 27, 2005.", "List of Grey's Anatomy cast members __knowledge__ While creating the show, producers put an emphasis on the casting process.", "List of Grey's Anatomy cast members __knowledge__ The series has aired for thirteen seasons, and focuses on the fictional lives of surgical interns and residents, as they gradually evolve into seasoned doctors, while trying to maintain personal lives.", "List of Grey's Anatomy cast members __knowledge__ The show's premise originated with Shonda Rhimes, who serves as an executive producer, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 7, 2 ]

[ "Greys Anatomy is a Medical Drama that Premiered on ABC in 2005", "The series is set in seattle, but it is filmed in LA", "The series was designed to be racially diverse and used color blind casting. They've had quite a few seasons", "The show focus on the lives of surgical interns, residents and physicians in the hospital" ]

[ "Grey's Anatomy", "Grey's Anatomy", "Grey's Anatomy", "Grey's Anatomy" ]

[ "Fashion design\nI think Fashion Design must be a very interesting career.", "True, and it could be fascinating designing clothes that make a statement about people who wear them. Do you know when it began as a profession?", "Yes but not as long as people have designed clothes. I guess maybe before that, the people who sewed the clothes designed them too. Do you know where one can study fashion design?", "I agree, but I believe yuo need some technical skill to to transmit your design ideas to the people actually making them." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion design is the art of application of design and aesthetics or natural beauty to clothing and accessories.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion design is influenced by cultural and social attitudes, and has varied over time and place.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion designers work in a number of ways in designing clothing and accessories such as bracelets and necklaces.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Because of the time required to bring a garment onto the market, designers must at times anticipate changes to consumer tastes.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Designers conduct research on fashion trends and interpret them for their audience.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Their specific designs are used by manufacturers.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ This is the essence of a designer’s role; however, there is variation within this that is determined by the buying and merchandising approach, and product quality; for example, budget retailers will use inexpensive fabrics to interpret trends, but high-end retailers will ensure that the best available fabrics are used.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion designers attempt to design clothes which are functional as well as aesthetically pleasing.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ They consider who is likely to wear a garment and the situations in which it will be worn, they have a wide range and combinations of materials to work with and a wide range of colors, patterns and styles to choose from.", "Native American fashion __knowledge__ Native American fashion (also known as Indigenous American fashion) encompasses the design and creation of clothing and fashion accessories inspired by the traditional cultures and arts by the Native peoples of the Americas.", "Native American fashion __knowledge__ Indigenous designers frequently incorporate motifs and traditional materials into their wearable artworks, providing a basis for creating items for the \"haute couture\" and international fashion markets.", "Native American fashion __knowledge__ Their designs may result from techniques such as beadwork, quillwork, leather, and weaving.", "Native American fashion __knowledge__ In some cases, however, they choose not to include any elements associated with indigenous cultures.", "The Devil Wears Prada (film) __knowledge__ The Devil Wears Prada is a 2006 American comedy-drama film based on Lauren Weisberger's 2003 novel of the same name.", "The Devil Wears Prada (film) __knowledge__ This screen adaptation stars Meryl Streep as Miranda Priestly, a powerful fashion magazine editor, and Anne Hathaway as Andrea (Andy) Sachs, a college graduate who goes to New York City and lands a job as Priestly's co-assistant.", "The Devil Wears Prada (film) __knowledge__ Emily Blunt and Stanley Tucci co-star as co-assistant Emily Charlton and art director Nigel, respectively.", "The Devil Wears Prada (film) __knowledge__ Adrian Grenier, Simon Baker, and Tracie Thoms play key supporting roles.", "The Devil Wears Prada (film) __knowledge__ Wendy Finerman produced and David Frankel directed the film, which was distributed by 20th Century Fox.", "Fashion design copyright in the United States __knowledge__ Although fashion design in United States copyright law is an intellectual property concept dating back to the 1750s, copyright protection has never been extended to fashion designs.", "Fashion design copyright in the United States __knowledge__ As of late 2015, fashion designs were not subject to copyright laws in the United States, and could not be copyrighted.", "Fashion design copyright in the United States __knowledge__ The beginnings of copyright law began with editorial copyrights in the 1750s.", "Fashion design copyright in the United States __knowledge__ Since then, we have had extensive advancements within society that have called for legislative additions to the initial idea of what should and should not be copyrighted.", "Fashion design copyright in the United States __knowledge__ In 1932 the Fashion Originators Guild of America unified in order to prevent further knock offs by requiring designers to submit their designs for cataloguing, and by “red carding” those stores and businesses that were found to reproduce previously submitted designs under their own name and for their own profit.", "Aunn Zara __knowledge__ Aunn Zara () was a 2013 Pakistan drama series telecast on A-Plus Entertainment.", "Aunn Zara __knowledge__ It revolves around a married couple spoilt by their respective families and are desperate to escape this attention.", "Aunn Zara __knowledge__ It is based on Faiza Iftikhar's novel, \"Hisaar-e-Mohabbat\" (\"Fort of Love\") and is directed by Haissam Hussain.", "Aunn Zara __knowledge__ It stars Maya Ali and Osman Khalid Butt in leading roles.", "Aunn Zara __knowledge__ it was also aired in India on Zindagi , premiering on 23 June 2014 .", "Aunn Zara __knowledge__ The shows ended its run in India on 12 July 2014 Story involves around lives of Aunn and Zara.", "Aunn Zara __knowledge__ Aunn is the only male in his family.", "Aunn Zara __knowledge__ As a result, he is pampered by everyone in his family.", "Norman Norell __knowledge__ Norman David Levinson (April 20, 1900 – October 25, 1972) known professionally as Norman Norell, was an American fashion designer famed for his elegant gowns, suits, and tailored silhouettes.", "Norman Norell __knowledge__ His designs for the Traina-Norell and Norell fashion houses became famous for their detailing, simple, timeless designs, and tailored construction.", "Norman Norell __knowledge__ By the mid-twentieth century Norell dominated the American fashion industry and in 1968 he became the first American fashion designer to launch his own brand of perfume.", "Norman Norell __knowledge__ Born in Noblesville, Indiana, Norell arrived in New York City in 1919, studied fashion illustration and fashion design at Parsons School of Design and Pratt Institute, and began his career designing costumes for silent-film stars.", "Design Piracy Prohibition Act __knowledge__ The Design Piracy Prohibition Act, , , and , were bills of the same name introduced in the United States Congress that would have amended Title 17 of the United States Code to provide \"sui generis\" protection to fashion designs for a period of three years.", "Design Piracy Prohibition Act __knowledge__ The Acts would have extend protection to \"the appearance as a whole of an article of apparel, including its ornamentation,\" with \"apparel\" defined to include \"men's, women's, or children's clothing, including undergarments, outerwear, gloves, footwear, and headgear;\" \"handbags, purses, and tote bags;\" belts, and eyeglass frames.", "Design Piracy Prohibition Act __knowledge__ In order to receive the three-year term of protection, the designer would be required to register with the U.S." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion design is the art of application of design and aesthetics or natural beauty to clothing and accessories.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion design is influenced by cultural and social attitudes, and has varied over time and place.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion designers work in a number of ways in designing clothing and accessories such as bracelets and necklaces.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Because of the time required to bring a garment onto the market, designers must at times anticipate changes to consumer tastes.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Designers conduct research on fashion trends and interpret them for their audience.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Their specific designs are used by manufacturers.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ This is the essence of a designer’s role; however, there is variation within this that is determined by the buying and merchandising approach, and product quality; for example, budget retailers will use inexpensive fabrics to interpret trends, but high-end retailers will ensure that the best available fabrics are used.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion designers attempt to design clothes which are functional as well as aesthetically pleasing.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ They consider who is likely to wear a garment and the situations in which it will be worn, they have a wide range and combinations of materials to work with and a wide range of colors, patterns and styles to choose from.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ The history of fashion design refers to the development of the fashion industry which designs clothing and accessories.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ The modern industry, based around firms or fashion houses run by individual designers, started in the 19th century with Charles Frederick Worth who was the first designer to have his label sewn into the garments that he created.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Couture beginnings.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Rose Bertin (July 2, 1747 – September 22, 1813) was the dressmaker to Marie Antoinette, Queen of France.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Sometimes called sarcastically the \"Minister of Fashion\", she opened a shop in Paris and had a considerable influence on Parisian style, until this was drastically changed by the French Revolution, from which she fled into exile to London for some years.", "Elizabeth Hawes __knowledge__ Elizabeth Hawes (December 16, 1903 – September 6, 1971) was an American clothing designer, outspoken critic of the fashion industry, and champion of ready to wear and people's right to have the clothes they desired, rather than the clothes dictated to be fashionable, an idea encapsulated in her book \"Fashion is Spinach\", published in 1938.", "Elizabeth Hawes __knowledge__ She was among the first Americans to establish their reputations outside of Paris \"haute couture\".", "Elizabeth Hawes __knowledge__ In addition to her work in the fashion industry as a sketcher, copyist, stylist, and journalist, and designer, she was an author, union organizer, champion of gender equality, and political activist.", "James Galanos __knowledge__ James Galanos ([gulAn´Os]; September 20, 1924 – October 30, 2016) was an American fashion designer and couturier.", "James Galanos __knowledge__ James Galanos was born September 20, 1924 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the only son of Greek-born parents.", "James Galanos __knowledge__ His mother, Helen Gorgoliatos, and his father, Gregory Galanos, a frustrated artist, ran a restaurant in southern New Jersey, where Galanos had his first glimpses of well-dressed women.", "James Galanos __knowledge__ He grew up a shy boy and learned to work hard from early age.", "James Galanos __knowledge__ Galanos recalled that he was \"a loner, surrounded by three sisters.", "James Galanos __knowledge__ I never sewed; I just sketched.", "James Galanos __knowledge__ It was simply instinctive.", "James Galanos __knowledge__ As a young boy I had no fashion influences around me but all the while I was dreaming of Paris and New York.\"", "Puyi __knowledge__ Puyi or Pu Yi (; 7 February 190617 October 1967), of the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan, was the last Emperor of China and the twelfth and final ruler of the Qing dynasty.", "Puyi __knowledge__ When he was a child, he reigned as the Xuantong Emperor (; Manchu: \"gehungge yoso hūwangdi\") in China and Khevt Yos Khaan in Mongolia from 1908 until his forced abdication on 12 February 1912, after the Xinhai Revolution.", "Puyi __knowledge__ From 1–12 July 1917, he was briefly restored to the throne as emperor by the warlord Zhang Xun.", "Puyi __knowledge__ In 1932 after the occupation of Manchuria, the state of Manchukuo was established by Japan, and he was chosen to become 'Emperor' of the new state using the era-name of Datong (Ta-tung).", "Christian Dior SE __knowledge__ Christian Dior SE (), commonly known as Dior, is a European luxury goods company controlled and chaired by French businessman Bernard Arnault, who also heads LVMH – the world's largest luxury group.", "Christian Dior SE __knowledge__ Dior itself holds 42.36% shares of and 59.01% voting rights within LVMH.", "Christian Dior SE __knowledge__ Founded in 1946 by the eponymous designer Christian Dior, today the company designs and retails ready-to-wear, leather goods, fashion accessories, footwear, jewelry, timepieces, fragrance, make-up, and skincare products while also maintaining its tradition as a creator of recognized haute-couture (under the \"Christian Dior Couture\" division).", "Francesca Sterlacci __knowledge__ Francesca Sterlacci is an American fashion designer, author and entrepreneur.", "Francesca Sterlacci __knowledge__ She launched her clothing line, \"Francesca Sterlacci Ltd.\" in 1980, and continued designing clothes under her label until 1989.", "Francesca Sterlacci __knowledge__ Sterlacci joined the Fashion Institute of Technology as a teacher in 1990, and became the chairwoman of the Fashion department at the institute in 2001.", "Francesca Sterlacci __knowledge__ In 2013, Sterlacci launched \"University of Fashion\", an online library of fashion design videos.", "Francesca Sterlacci __knowledge__ Sterlacci was born in Hoboken, and raised in and Union City.", "Francesca Sterlacci __knowledge__ When she was ten, she used scraps from her mother's sewing machine and prepared Barbie doll costumes.", "Dress code __knowledge__ A dress code is a set of written and, more often, unwritten rules with regard to clothing.", "Dress code __knowledge__ Clothing, like other aspects of human physical appearance, has a social significance, with different rules and expectations applying depending on circumstance and occasion.", "Dress code __knowledge__ Within a single day, an individual may need to navigate between two or more dress codes.", "Dress code __knowledge__ For example, many navigate between a home dress code and a work dress code; usually this ability is a result of cultural acclimatization.", "Dress code __knowledge__ Different societies and cultures will have different dress norms, although Western styles are widely accepted as valid.", "Fornication __knowledge__ Fornication is generally consensual sexual intercourse between two people not married to each other.", "Fornication __knowledge__ When one of the partners to consensual sexual intercourse is a married person, it may be described as adultery.", "Fornication __knowledge__ For many people, the term carries an overtone of moral or religious disapproval, but the significance of sexual acts to which the term is applied varies between religions, societies and cultures.", "Fornication __knowledge__ In modern usage, the term is often replaced with a more judgment-neutral term like \"extramarital sex\".", "Fornication __knowledge__ In the original Greek version of the New Testament, the Greek term \"porneia\" (πορνεία) (or its variants) is used 25 times.", "Religion in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Religion in the United Kingdom and in the countries that preceded it has been dominated, for over 1,400 years, by various forms of Christianity.", "Religion in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Religious affiliations of United Kingdom citizens are recorded by regular surveys, the four major ones being the national decennial census, the Labour Force Survey, the British Social Attitudes survey and the European Social Survey.", "Religion in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ According to the 2011 Census, Christianity is the major religion, followed by Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism, Judaism and Buddhism in terms of number of adherents.", "Religion in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Among Christians, Anglicans are the most common denomination, followed by the Catholics, Presbyterians, Methodists and Baptists.", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality __knowledge__ Societal attitudes toward homosexuality vary greatly in different cultures and different historical periods, as do attitudes toward sexual desire, activity and relationships in general.", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality __knowledge__ All cultures have their own values regarding appropriate and inappropriate sexuality; some sanction same-sex love and sexuality, while others may disapprove of such activities in part.", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality __knowledge__ As with heterosexual behaviour, different sets of prescriptions and proscriptions may be given to individuals according to their gender, age, social status or social class.", "Societal attitudes toward homosexuality __knowledge__ Many of the world's cultures have, in the past, considered procreative sex within a recognized relationship to be a sexual norm—sometimes exclusively so, and sometimes alongside norms of same-sex love, whether passionate, intimate or sexual.", "British people __knowledge__ British people or Britons are the citizens of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories, and Crown dependencies.", "British people __knowledge__ British nationality law governs modern British citizenship and nationality, which can be acquired, for instance, by descent from British nationals.", "British people __knowledge__ When used in a historical context, \"British\" or \"Britons\" can refer to the Celtic Britons, the indigenous inhabitants of Great Britain and Brittany, whose surviving members are the modern Welsh people, Cornish people and Bretons.", "British people __knowledge__ Although early assertions of being British date from the Late Middle Ages, the creation of the united Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707 triggered a sense of British national identity.", "Second-language acquisition __knowledge__ Second-language acquisition (SLA), second-language learning, or L2 (language 2) acquisition, is the process by which people learn a second language.", "Second-language acquisition __knowledge__ Second-language acquisition is also the scientific discipline devoted to studying that process.", "Second-language acquisition __knowledge__ The field of second-language acquisition is a subdiscipline of applied linguistics, but also receives research attention from a variety of other disciplines, such as psychology and education.", "Second-language acquisition __knowledge__ A central theme in SLA research is that of \"interlanguage\", the idea that the language that learners use is not simply the result of differences between the languages that they already know and the language that they are learning, but that it is a complete language system in its own right, with its own systematic rules.", "Viola Klein __knowledge__ Viola Klein (1908–1973) was a sociologist in Great Britain.", "Viola Klein __knowledge__ Her work demonstrated that objective ideas about women´s attributes are socially constructed.", "Viola Klein __knowledge__ Although her early training was in psychology and philosophy, her most prolific research engagements concerned women´s social roles and how these changed after the Industrial Revolution.", "Viola Klein __knowledge__ She was one of the first scholars to bring quantitative evidence to bear on this socio-economic topic.", "Viola Klein __knowledge__ Her research not only illuminated the changing roles of women in society, but she also wrote and lectured on concrete social and political changes that would help facilitate these new roles.", "Adoption __knowledge__ Adoption is a process whereby a person assumes the parenting of another, usually a child, from that person's biological or legal parent or parents, and, in so doing, permanently transfers all rights and responsibilities, along with filiation, from the biological parent or parents.", "Adoption __knowledge__ Adoption can be done by a couple or an individual person but children have to be 14 years younger and the adoptive parents can not have been legally incapacitated.", "Adoption __knowledge__ Unlike guardianship or other systems designed for the care of the young, adoption is intended to effect a permanent change in status and as such requires societal recognition, either through legal or religious sanction." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion design is the art of application of design and aesthetics or natural beauty to clothing and accessories.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion design is influenced by cultural and social attitudes, and has varied over time and place.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion designers work in a number of ways in designing clothing and accessories such as bracelets and necklaces.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Because of the time required to bring a garment onto the market, designers must at times anticipate changes to consumer tastes.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Designers conduct research on fashion trends and interpret them for their audience.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Their specific designs are used by manufacturers.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ This is the essence of a designer’s role; however, there is variation within this that is determined by the buying and merchandising approach, and product quality; for example, budget retailers will use inexpensive fabrics to interpret trends, but high-end retailers will ensure that the best available fabrics are used.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion designers attempt to design clothes which are functional as well as aesthetically pleasing.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ They consider who is likely to wear a garment and the situations in which it will be worn, they have a wide range and combinations of materials to work with and a wide range of colors, patterns and styles to choose from.", "Norman Norell __knowledge__ Norman David Levinson (April 20, 1900 – October 25, 1972) known professionally as Norman Norell, was an American fashion designer famed for his elegant gowns, suits, and tailored silhouettes.", "Norman Norell __knowledge__ His designs for the Traina-Norell and Norell fashion houses became famous for their detailing, simple, timeless designs, and tailored construction.", "Norman Norell __knowledge__ By the mid-twentieth century Norell dominated the American fashion industry and in 1968 he became the first American fashion designer to launch his own brand of perfume.", "Norman Norell __knowledge__ Born in Noblesville, Indiana, Norell arrived in New York City in 1919, studied fashion illustration and fashion design at Parsons School of Design and Pratt Institute, and began his career designing costumes for silent-film stars.", "Rudi Gernreich __knowledge__ Rudolf \"Rudi\" Gernreich (August 8, 1922 April 21, 1985) was an Austrian-born American fashion designer whose avant-garde clothing designs are generally regarded as the most innovative and dynamic fashion of the 1960s.", "Rudi Gernreich __knowledge__ He purposefully used fashion design as a social statement to advance sexual freedom, producing clothes that followed the natural form of the female body, freeing them from the constraints of high fashion.", "Rudi Gernreich __knowledge__ He was the first to use cutouts, vinyl, and plastic in clothing.", "Rudi Gernreich __knowledge__ He designed the first thong bathing suit, unisex clothing, the first swimsuit without a built-in bra, the minimalist, soft, transparent No Bra, and the topless monokini.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ The history of fashion design refers to the development of the fashion industry which designs clothing and accessories.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ The modern industry, based around firms or fashion houses run by individual designers, started in the 19th century with Charles Frederick Worth who was the first designer to have his label sewn into the garments that he created.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Couture beginnings.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Rose Bertin (July 2, 1747 – September 22, 1813) was the dressmaker to Marie Antoinette, Queen of France.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Sometimes called sarcastically the \"Minister of Fashion\", she opened a shop in Paris and had a considerable influence on Parisian style, until this was drastically changed by the French Revolution, from which she fled into exile to London for some years.", "Clothing __knowledge__ Clothing (also known as clothes and attire) is a collective term for garments, items worn on the body.", "Clothing __knowledge__ Clothing can be made of textiles, animal skin, or other thin sheets of materials put together.", "Clothing __knowledge__ The wearing of clothing is mostly restricted to human beings and is a feature of nearly all human societies.", "Clothing __knowledge__ The amount and type of clothing worn depend on body type, social, and geographic considerations.", "Clothing __knowledge__ Some clothing can be gender-specific.", "Clothing __knowledge__ Physically, clothing serves many purposes: it can serve as protection from the elements and can enhance safety during hazardous activities such as hiking and cooking.", "Fashion __knowledge__ Fashion is a popular style or practice, especially in clothing, footwear, accessories, makeup, hairstyle and body.", "Fashion __knowledge__ Fashion is a distinctive and often constant trend in the style in which a person dresses.", "Fashion __knowledge__ It is the prevailing styles in behaviour and the newest creations of textile designers.", "Fashion __knowledge__ Because the more technical term \"costume\" is regularly linked to the term \"fashion\", the use of the former has been relegated to special senses like fancy dress or masquerade wear, while \"fashion\" generally means clothing, including the study of it.", "Fashion __knowledge__ Although aspects of fashion can be feminine or masculine, some trends are androgynous.", "Chanel __knowledge__ Chanel S.A. (; ) is a French, privately held company owned by Alain Wertheimer and Gérard Wertheimer, grandsons of Pierre Wertheimer, who was an early business partner of the \"couturière\" Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel.", "Chanel __knowledge__ Chanel S.A. is a high fashion house that specializes in haute couture and ready-to-wear clothes, luxury goods and fashion accessories.", "Chanel __knowledge__ In her youth, Gabrielle Chanel gained the nickname \"Coco\" from her time as a chanteuse.", "Chanel __knowledge__ As a fashion designer, Coco Chanel catered to women’s taste for elegance in dress, with blouses and suits, trousers and dresses, and jewellry (gemstone and bijouterie) of simple design, that replaced the opulent, over-designed, and constrictive clothes and accessories of 19th-century fashion.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were British.", "Tianjin Modern Industry __knowledge__ The city of Tianjin considers itself the original home or birthplace of Chinese industrial revolution.", "Tianjin Modern Industry __knowledge__ Modern industry started there with Tianjin Machine Factory  which was established by the Qing government during the Self-Strengthening Movement.", "Tianjin Modern Industry __knowledge__ Afterwards,Yuan Shikai promoted new policies in Tianjin.", "Tianjin Modern Industry __knowledge__ Numerous modern industrial enterprises mushroomed in Hebei  New District in the northern bank of the Hai River.", "Tianjin Modern Industry __knowledge__ Including Zhou Xuexi, many industrialists established large enterprise groups that were managed by merchant and supervised by the government.", "Tianjin Modern Industry __knowledge__ By the beginning of the 20th century, Chinese private enterprises were booming.", "History of Scotland __knowledge__ The is known to have begun by the end of the last glacial period (in the paleolithic), roughly 10,000 years ago.", "History of Scotland __knowledge__ Prehistoric Scotland entered the Neolithic Era about 4000 BC, the Bronze Age about 2000 BC, and the Iron Age around 700 BC.", "History of Scotland __knowledge__ Scotland's recorded history began with the arrival of the Roman Empire in the 1st century, when the province of Britannia reached as far north as the line between the firths of Clyde to the Forth.", "History of Scotland __knowledge__ North of this was Caledonia, whose people were known in Latin as \"Picti\", \"the painted ones\".", "History of Scotland __knowledge__ Constant uprisings forced Rome's legions back: Hadrian's Wall attempted to seal off the Roman south and the Antonine Wall attempted to move the Roman border north.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion design is the art of application of design and aesthetics or natural beauty to clothing and accessories.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion design is influenced by cultural and social attitudes, and has varied over time and place.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion designers work in a number of ways in designing clothing and accessories such as bracelets and necklaces.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Because of the time required to bring a garment onto the market, designers must at times anticipate changes to consumer tastes.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Designers conduct research on fashion trends and interpret them for their audience.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Their specific designs are used by manufacturers.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ This is the essence of a designer’s role; however, there is variation within this that is determined by the buying and merchandising approach, and product quality; for example, budget retailers will use inexpensive fabrics to interpret trends, but high-end retailers will ensure that the best available fabrics are used.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ Fashion designers attempt to design clothes which are functional as well as aesthetically pleasing.", "Fashion design __knowledge__ They consider who is likely to wear a garment and the situations in which it will be worn, they have a wide range and combinations of materials to work with and a wide range of colors, patterns and styles to choose from.", "Art __knowledge__ Art is a diverse range of human activities in creating visual, auditory or performing artifacts (artworks), expressing the author's imaginative or technical skill, intended to be appreciated for their beauty or emotional power.", "Art __knowledge__ In their most general form these activities include the production of works of art, the criticism of art, the study of the history of art, and the aesthetic dissemination of art.", "Art __knowledge__ The oldest documented forms of art are visual arts, which include creation of images or objects in fields including today painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, and other visual media.", "Art __knowledge__ Architecture is often included as one of the visual arts; however, like the decorative arts, or advertising, it involves the creation of objects where the practical considerations of use are essential—in a way that they usually are not in a painting, for example.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism.", "Radio receiver __knowledge__ In radio communications, a radio receiver (radio) is an electronic device that receives radio waves and converts the information carried by them to a usable form.", "Radio receiver __knowledge__ It is used with an antenna.", "Radio receiver __knowledge__ The antenna intercepts radio waves (electromagnetic waves) and converts them to tiny alternating currents which are applied to the receiver, and the receiver extracts the desired information.", "Radio receiver __knowledge__ The receiver uses electronic filters to separate the desired radio frequency signal from all the other signals picked up by the antenna, an electronic amplifier to increase the power of the signal for further processing, and finally recovers the desired information through demodulation.", "Skills management __knowledge__ Skills management is the practice of understanding, developing and deploying people and their skills.", "Skills management __knowledge__ Well-implemented skills management should identify the skills that job roles require, the skills of individual employees, and any gap between the two.", "Skills management __knowledge__ The skills involved can be defined by the organization concerned, or by third party institutions.", "Skills management __knowledge__ They are usually defined in terms of a skills framework, also known as a competency framework or skills matrix.", "Skills management __knowledge__ This consists of a list of skills, and a grading system, with a definition of what it means to be at particular level for a given skill.", "Skills management __knowledge__ To be most useful, skills management must be an ongoing process, where individuals assess and update their recorded skill sets regularly.", "New Deal __knowledge__ The New Deal was a series of federal programs, public work projects, financial reforms and regulations enacted in the United States during the 1930s in response to the Great Depression.", "New Deal __knowledge__ Some of these federal programs included the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), the Civil Works Administration (CWA), the Farm Security Administration (FSA), the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 (NIRA) and the Social Security Administration (SSA).", "New Deal __knowledge__ These programs included support for farmers, the unemployed, youth and the elderly as well as new constraints and safeguards on the banking industry and changes to the monetary system.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication refers to the use of communication to facilitate social development.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication engages stakeholders and policy makers, establishes conducive environments, assesses risks and opportunities and promotes information exchanges to bring about positive social change via sustainable development.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication techniques include information dissemination and education, behavior change, social marketing, social mobilization, media advocacy, communication for social change and community participation.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication has been labeled the \"Fifth Theory of the Press\", with \"social transformation and development\", and \"the fulfillment of basic needs\" as its primary purposes.", "Clandestine HUMINT operational techniques __knowledge__ The Clandestine HUMINT page deals with the functions of that discipline, including espionage and active counterintelligence.", "Clandestine HUMINT operational techniques __knowledge__ This page deals with Clandestine HUMINT operational techniques, also called \"tradecraft\".", "Clandestine HUMINT operational techniques __knowledge__ It applies to clandestine operations for espionage, and for a clandestine phase prior to direct action (DA) or unconventional warfare (UW).", "Clandestine HUMINT operational techniques __knowledge__ Clandestine HUMINT sources may also act as local guides for special reconnaissance (SR).", "Clandestine HUMINT operational techniques __knowledge__ Many of the techniques here are important in counterintelligence.", "Clandestine HUMINT operational techniques __knowledge__ Defensive counterintelligence personnel need to know them to recognize espionage, sabotage, etc.", "Fashion __knowledge__ Fashion is a popular style or practice, especially in clothing, footwear, accessories, makeup, hairstyle and body.", "Fashion __knowledge__ Fashion is a distinctive and often constant trend in the style in which a person dresses.", "Fashion __knowledge__ It is the prevailing styles in behaviour and the newest creations of textile designers.", "Fashion __knowledge__ Because the more technical term \"costume\" is regularly linked to the term \"fashion\", the use of the former has been relegated to special senses like fancy dress or masquerade wear, while \"fashion\" generally means clothing, including the study of it.", "Fashion __knowledge__ Although aspects of fashion can be feminine or masculine, some trends are androgynous.", "Fashion blog __knowledge__ Fashion blogs are blogs that cover the fashion industry, clothing, and lifestyle.", "Fashion blog __knowledge__ A fashion blog can cover many things such as specific items of clothing and accessories, beauty tips, trends in various apparel markets (haute couture, \"prêt-à-porter\", etc.", "Fashion blog __knowledge__ ), celebrity fashion choices and street fashion trends.", "Fashion blog __knowledge__ They cover fashion at all levels from the largest fashion design houses to the smallest independent designers.", "Fashion blog __knowledge__ Many fashion blogs could also be categorised as shopping blogs, similar to the content of fashion magazines.", "Fashion blog __knowledge__ Some retailers in the fashion industry have started blogs to promote their products.", "The Devil Wears Prada (film) __knowledge__ The Devil Wears Prada is a 2006 American comedy-drama film based on Lauren Weisberger's 2003 novel of the same name.", "The Devil Wears Prada (film) __knowledge__ This screen adaptation stars Meryl Streep as Miranda Priestly, a powerful fashion magazine editor, and Anne Hathaway as Andrea (Andy) Sachs, a college graduate who goes to New York City and lands a job as Priestly's co-assistant.", "The Devil Wears Prada (film) __knowledge__ Emily Blunt and Stanley Tucci co-star as co-assistant Emily Charlton and art director Nigel, respectively.", "The Devil Wears Prada (film) __knowledge__ Adrian Grenier, Simon Baker, and Tracie Thoms play key supporting roles.", "The Devil Wears Prada (film) __knowledge__ Wendy Finerman produced and David Frankel directed the film, which was distributed by 20th Century Fox.", "Diana, Princess of Wales __knowledge__ Diana, Princess of Wales (Diana Frances; \"née\" Spencer; 1 July 1961 – 31 August 1997), was a member of the British royal family as the first wife of Charles, Prince of Wales, the heir apparent to the British throne.", "Diana, Princess of Wales __knowledge__ She was the mother of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, and Prince Harry.", "Diana, Princess of Wales __knowledge__ Diana was born into the Spencer family, a family of British nobility with royal ancestry and was the youngest daughter of John Spencer, Viscount Althorp, and Frances Roche.", "Diana, Princess of Wales __knowledge__ She grew up in Park House, situated on the Sandringham estate, and was educated in England and Switzerland.", "Diana, Princess of Wales __knowledge__ In 1975—after her father inherited the title of Earl Spencer—she became known as Lady Diana Spencer.", "Alternative fashion __knowledge__ Alternative fashion is fashion that, at least at one time, stood apart from mainstream commercial fashion.", "Alternative fashion __knowledge__ Alternative fashion includes the fashions of specific subcultures such as emo, scene, Goth subculture, Hip hop, Heavy metal fashion, and Cyberpunk, Lolita fashion however it is not limited to these.", "Alternative fashion __knowledge__ In general, alternative, or 'alt', fashion does not conform to widely popular style trends of the times that have widespread popularity.", "Alternative fashion __knowledge__ It may exhibit itself as a fringe style – extremely attention-grabbing and more artistic than practical – but it can also develop from anti-fashion sentiments that focus on simplistic utilitarian drives (e.g.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge." ] ]

[ 2, 11, 5, 3 ]

[ "I think it would be since it is influenced by cultural and social attitudes, it would be so different depending on where you live at", "The modern industry run by individual designers started in the 19th century! Its been around for a long time", "I think they have schools for people interested in that work, but I also think a lot of it depends on how well a designer can interpret fashion trends based on the research they do", "That is totally true, it would be hard to design clothes and especially accessories. Someone would have to teach me how to design a bracelet or necklace!" ]

[ "Fashion design", "Fashion design", "Fashion design", "Fashion design" ]

[ "Grand Rapids, Michigan\nI love ilving in michigan! its so pretty here!", "Yes, Its just the traffic that I dont like. Im a country girl at heart", "Wow! what an interesting job? do you like what you do?", "Do you work alot of hours?", "i bet its very interesting everyd ay" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Grand Rapids is the second-largest city in Michigan, and the largest city in West Michigan.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ It is on the Grand River about east of Lake Michigan.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the city population was 188,040.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ In 2010, the Grand Rapids metropolitan area had a population of 1,005,648, and the combined statistical area of Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland had a population of 1,321,557.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Grand Rapids is the county seat of Kent County.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ A historic furniture-manufacturing center, Grand Rapids is home to five of the world's leading office furniture companies, and is nicknamed \"Furniture City\".", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Its more common modern nickname of \"River City\" refers to the landmark river for which it was named.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ The city and surrounding communities are economically diverse, based in the health care, information technology, automotive, aviation, and consumer goods manufacturing industries, among others.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Grand Rapids is the hometown of U.S. President Gerald Ford, who is buried with his wife Betty on the grounds of the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum in the city.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ For thousands of years, succeeding cultures of indigenous peoples occupied the area.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Over 2000 years ago, people associated with the Hopewell culture occupied the Grand River Valley.", "Wenya __knowledge__ Wenya (previously named as Bulim ) is a subzone of Jurong West, Singapore.", "Wenya __knowledge__ This subzone comprises businesses, educational institutions, residential developments and civic and community institutions.", "Wenya __knowledge__ Prior to the 1990s, the subzone was part of the Bulim estate (a Slum) and where the Bulim Hill Cemetery (a Chinese cemetery) was located.", "Wenya __knowledge__ In 1984, the cemetery was closed and exhumed thereafter to make way for the Kranji and Pan Island expressways.", "Wenya __knowledge__ This segregated the Bulim estate and its western section became a subzone of Jurong West and was given the name Wenya.", "Wenya __knowledge__ In the 1990s, the development of Wenya began.", "Yunnan, Singapore __knowledge__ Yunnan is a subzone located in the town of Jurong West in the West Region of Singapore.", "Yunnan, Singapore __knowledge__ Both constituencies and the HDB estates in them are managed by Chua Chu Kang Town Council.", "Yunnan, Singapore __knowledge__ The estate (986A–990C) in this constituency is managed by West Coast Town Council.", "Yunnan, Singapore __knowledge__ There are a total of 219 housing blocks and 747 landed houses in this subzone.", "Yunnan, Singapore __knowledge__ Of the 219 housing blocks, 203 are public apartments, 13 are blocks of private housing and 3 are hostel blocks.", "Yunnan, Singapore __knowledge__ There are 7 education institutions in this subzone.", "Yunnan, Singapore __knowledge__ Including Nanyang Technological University.", "Yunnan, Singapore __knowledge__ Other educational institutions include: The Jurong West Sports and Recreation Centre is located at the south portion of the subzone, along Street 93 and Pioneer Road North whereas there are 2 parks in this subzone; Yunnan Park at Street 93 and Jurong West Park at Street 81.", "Kallang __knowledge__ Kallang (, ) is a planning area and residential town located in the Central Region of Singapore.", "Kallang __knowledge__ Development of the town is centered around the Kallang River, which is Singapore's longest river.", "Kallang __knowledge__ Kallang Planning Area is bounded by Toa Payoh in the north, Geylang in the east, Marine Parade in the southeast, Marina East in the south, the Downtown Core in the southwest, Rochor and Newton in the west, as well as Novena in the northwest.", "Kallang __knowledge__ Throughout its history, Kallang was home to several national landmarks.", "Kallang __knowledge__ Some of which were built along the banks of the Kallang Basin, including the old National Stadium as well as the country's first civilian airport, the Kallang Airport.", "Jurong West Central __knowledge__ Jurong West Central is a subzone of Jurong West, located in the West Region of Singapore.", "Jurong West Central __knowledge__ This is the town centre of Jurong West.", "Jurong West Central __knowledge__ There are 4 main roads in this subzone – Boon Lay Way, Jalan Boon Lay, Jurong West Avenue 4/2 and Pioneer Road North.", "Jurong West Central __knowledge__ The East West Line threads through the subzone along Street 63, with 2 stations (Boon Lay and Pioneer), situated at the Eastern and Western ends of the subzone.", "Jurong West Central __knowledge__ By 2025, there will be the Jurong Region Line, which would ply through the Eastern end of the subzone.", "Jurong West Central __knowledge__ The Boon Lay Bus Interchange is situated here, along Central 3, within Jurong Point Shopping Centre and next to Boon Lay MRT Station.", "Jean-Marie Déguignet __knowledge__ Jean-Marie Déguignet (19 July 1834 – 29 August 1905) was a Breton soldier, farmer, salesman, shopkeeper, and writer who is best known for his memoirs illuminating the life of the rural poor of 19th-century France.", "Jean-Marie Déguignet __knowledge__ Déguignet was born into a farming family in south-west Brittany.", "Jean-Marie Déguignet __knowledge__ He spent time in the army — he was posted as far away as Mexico — and fought in the Crimea.", "Jean-Marie Déguignet __knowledge__ His love of learning, and the extensive and eclectic nature of his studies and travel while a young man, led him to freethought and atheism.", "Jean-Marie Déguignet __knowledge__ In 1868, having finished his last stint in the military and accumulated some respectable savings, he returned with his money to his childhood home of Quimper.", "Subzone __knowledge__ The Subzone is a fictional place used as part of Subway's Subway-Kids.com's ad campaign aimed toward young audiences.", "Subzone __knowledge__ It is mostly used as a residential area for the Subway Kids who themselves are spokespeople for the campaign.", "Subzone __knowledge__ The \"sub\" in Subzone is a reference to Subway or Submarine sandwiches.", "Subzone __knowledge__ The Subzone campaign on subway-kids.com, as of March 2007 has been abandoned.", "Subzone __knowledge__ The Subway-Kids.com's Subzone's ad campaign is largely focused on advertising the Subway Kids' Pak which is Subway's official kids' meal.", "Subzone __knowledge__ The word \"fresh\" is often used on the website, referencing Subway's slogan, \"eat fresh\".", "Geylang Bahru __knowledge__ Geylang Bahru (, ) is a subzone within the planning area of Kallang, Singapore, as defined by the Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA).", "Geylang Bahru __knowledge__ It is bounded by the Pan Island Expressway (PIE) in the east; the Pelton Canal in the south; the Kallang River in the west; and Serangoon Road in the north.", "Geylang Bahru __knowledge__ Previously, the area of what is now Geylang Bahru subzone was called Kolam Ayer.", "Geylang Bahru __knowledge__ Several places in this subzone still retain this name: Kolam Ayer Community Club and Kolam Ayer Neighbourhood Police Post.", "Geylang Bahru __knowledge__ Made up of both residential and industrial developments, other notable places in Geylang Bahru include the Kallang Basin Swimming Complex, Kallang Distripark, the main office of Jalan Besar Town Council and Ministry of Manpower (MOM) Services Centre." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Grand Rapids is the second-largest city in Michigan, and the largest city in West Michigan.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ It is on the Grand River about east of Lake Michigan.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the city population was 188,040.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ In 2010, the Grand Rapids metropolitan area had a population of 1,005,648, and the combined statistical area of Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland had a population of 1,321,557.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Grand Rapids is the county seat of Kent County.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ A historic furniture-manufacturing center, Grand Rapids is home to five of the world's leading office furniture companies, and is nicknamed \"Furniture City\".", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Its more common modern nickname of \"River City\" refers to the landmark river for which it was named.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ The city and surrounding communities are economically diverse, based in the health care, information technology, automotive, aviation, and consumer goods manufacturing industries, among others.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Grand Rapids is the hometown of U.S. President Gerald Ford, who is buried with his wife Betty on the grounds of the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum in the city.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ For thousands of years, succeeding cultures of indigenous peoples occupied the area.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Over 2000 years ago, people associated with the Hopewell culture occupied the Grand River Valley.", "The Country Girl (1766 play) __knowledge__ The Country Girl by David Garrick is a derivative play adapted from \"The Country Wife\" by William Wycherley.", "The Country Girl (1766 play) __knowledge__ By the time David Garrick adapted \"The Country Wife\" into \"The Country Girl\", Wycherley's play was considered too raunchy and scandalous to show in theaters.", "The Country Girl (1766 play) __knowledge__ In \"The Country Girl\" the plot and characters of \"The Country Wife\" are reformed to exclude elements of the play which, at the time, were considered immoral or in bad taste.", "The Country Girl (1766 play) __knowledge__ In \"The Country Girl\", the most significant changes to the plot result from the removal of Horner, who in \"The Country Wife\" pretended to be impotent in order to seduce the wives of other men, particularly Mrs. Pinchwife, the country wife that Wycherley's play is named after.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Bob Dylan (; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter, who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" that became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ In 1965, he controversially abandoned his early fan-base in the American folk music revival, recording a six-minute single, \"Like a Rolling Stone\", which enlarged the scope of popular music.", "Film career of Grace Kelly __knowledge__ Grace Kelly has been cited as one of the most elegant and influential iconic film stars in American cinematic history.", "Film career of Grace Kelly __knowledge__ Her career of six years occurred between 1950, and 1956, during which she appeared in eleven films.", "Film career of Grace Kelly __knowledge__ In June 1999, the American Film Institute ranked her number thirteen on their list of top female stars of American cinema.", "Film career of Grace Kelly __knowledge__ After a successful stint on stage, Kelly was approached by Hollywood producer Stanley Kramer, who offered her a co-starring role opposite Gary Cooper in the film \"High Noon\" (1952).", "Film career of Grace Kelly __knowledge__ In October 1953, with the release of \"Mogambo\", she became a movie star, a status confirmed in 1954 with a Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award nomination as well as leading roles in five films, including \"The Country Girl\", in which she gave a less than glamorized Academy Award-winning performance.", "DONT __knowledge__ In the card game contract bridge, DONT is a conventional overcall used to interfere with an opponent's one notrump (1NT) opening bid.", "DONT __knowledge__ DONT, an acronym for Disturb Opponents' Notrump, was designed by Marty Bergen, and is therefore also referred to as \"Bergen over Notrump\".", "DONT __knowledge__ Although the method is often criticized for being too nebulous, it remains fairly popular.", "DONT __knowledge__ The convention was first published in the September/October 1989 issue of \"Bridge Today\".", "DONT __knowledge__ In DONT, the two-level overcalls of trump show a two suiter of the suit bid and an unspecified higher-ranking suit.", "DONT __knowledge__ The feature distinguishing DONT from other similar conventions such as Cappelletti is the use of the double to show length in one suit, rather than hand strength or for .", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "126th Infantry Regiment (United States) __knowledge__ The 126th Infantry Regiment (\"Second Michigan\") is a United States military unit of the Michigan Army National Guard.", "126th Infantry Regiment (United States) __knowledge__ The 126th was originally an infantry regiment, then was converted into an armoured role, and then was converted to a light cavalry reconnaissance unit, with subordinate units stationed in Cadillac, Wyoming, Dowagiac, and Manistee.", "126th Infantry Regiment (United States) __knowledge__ It was converted back to an infantry unit in 2016.", "126th Infantry Regiment (United States) __knowledge__ The 126th Infantry existed for its first 144 years as an infantry unit.", "126th Infantry Regiment (United States) __knowledge__ The 126th Infantry dates back as early as 12 July 1855 when the Grand Rapids Light Guard and Grand Rapids Artillery companies were organized.", "U.S. Route 131 __knowledge__ US Highway 131 (US 131) is a north–south United States Highway, of which all but 0.64 of its 269.96 miles (1.03 of 434.46 km) are within the state of Michigan.", "U.S. Route 131 __knowledge__ The highway starts in rural Indiana south of the state line as a state road connection to the Indiana Toll Road.", "U.S. Route 131 __knowledge__ As the road crosses into Michigan it becomes a state trunkline highway that connects to the metropolitan areas of Kalamazoo and Grand Rapids before continuing north to its terminus at Petoskey.", "U.S. Route 131 __knowledge__ US 131 runs as a freeway from south of Portage through to Manton in the north.", "U.S. Route 131 __knowledge__ Part of this freeway runs concurrently with Interstate 296 (I-296) as an unsigned designation through Grand Rapids.", "History of Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ The recorded history of Grand Rapids in the U.S. state of Michigan, began with settlers in 1806.", "History of Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ For thousands of years, succeeding cultures of indigenous peoples occupied the area.", "History of Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Over 2000 years ago, people associated with the Hopewell culture occupied the Grand River Valley.", "History of Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Later, a tribe from the Ottawa River traveled to the Grand River valley, fighting three battles with the Prairie Indians who were established in the area.", "History of Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ The tribe later split, with the Chippewas settling in the northern lower peninsula, the Pottawatomies staying south of the Kalamazoo River and the Ottawa staying in central Michigan.", "Grand Rapids, Minnesota __knowledge__ Grand Rapids is a city in Itasca County, Minnesota, United States.", "Grand Rapids, Minnesota __knowledge__ The population was 10,869 at the 2010 census.", "Grand Rapids, Minnesota __knowledge__ It is the county seat of Itasca County.", "Grand Rapids, Minnesota __knowledge__ The city of Grand Rapids is named for the long local rapids in the Mississippi River, which was the uppermost limit of practical steamboat travel during the late 19th century.", "Grand Rapids, Minnesota __knowledge__ Today, those rapids are hidden underneath the dam of the Blandin Paper Mill.", "Grand Rapids, Minnesota __knowledge__ Grand Rapids was founded as a logging town, as the Mississippi River provided an optimal method of log shipment to population centers.", "Grand Rapids, Minnesota __knowledge__ The predecessor of the Blandin paper mill opened in 1902.", "Grand Rapids, Minnesota __knowledge__ The town was also the childhood home of Judy Garland.", "Interstate 196 __knowledge__ Interstate 196 (I-196) is an auxiliary Interstate Highway that runs for in the US state of Michigan.", "Interstate 196 __knowledge__ It is a state trunkline highway that links Benton Harbor, South Haven, Holland, and Grand Rapids together.", "Interstate 196 __knowledge__ In Kent, Ottawa, and Allegan counties, I-196 is known as the Gerald R. Ford Freeway, or simply the Ford Freeway, after the 38th President of the United States, Gerald Ford, who was raised in Grand Rapids and served Michigan in the House of Representatives.", "Interstate 196 __knowledge__ This name generally refers only to the section between Holland and Grand Rapids.", "Interstate 196 __knowledge__ I-196 changes direction; it is signed as a north–south highway from its southern terminus to the junction with US Highway 31 (US 31) just south of Holland, and as an east–west trunkline from this point to its eastern terminus at an interchange with I-96, its parent highway.", "Wyoming, Michigan __knowledge__ Wyoming is a city in Kent County, Michigan.", "Wyoming, Michigan __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 72,125.", "Wyoming, Michigan __knowledge__ That makes it the 3rd largest community or city in West Michigan, the 14th largest city in the state of Michigan, and the 18th largest community in the state as well as being the largest suburb of Grand Rapids.", "Wyoming, Michigan __knowledge__ In 1832 the area was settled and organized under the Byron Township.", "Wyoming, Michigan __knowledge__ In 1848 the township split the northern half being called Wyoming Township and then became a city in 1959 after a period of disputes surrounding annexation as well as water and sewer usage.", "Wyoming, Michigan __knowledge__ The city has experienced population growth every census since the 1890 with some of the largest occurring after major wars." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Grand Rapids is the second-largest city in Michigan, and the largest city in West Michigan.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ It is on the Grand River about east of Lake Michigan.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the city population was 188,040.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ In 2010, the Grand Rapids metropolitan area had a population of 1,005,648, and the combined statistical area of Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland had a population of 1,321,557.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Grand Rapids is the county seat of Kent County.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ A historic furniture-manufacturing center, Grand Rapids is home to five of the world's leading office furniture companies, and is nicknamed \"Furniture City\".", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Its more common modern nickname of \"River City\" refers to the landmark river for which it was named.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ The city and surrounding communities are economically diverse, based in the health care, information technology, automotive, aviation, and consumer goods manufacturing industries, among others.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Grand Rapids is the hometown of U.S. President Gerald Ford, who is buried with his wife Betty on the grounds of the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum in the city.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ For thousands of years, succeeding cultures of indigenous peoples occupied the area.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Over 2000 years ago, people associated with the Hopewell culture occupied the Grand River Valley.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ \"Let's Get Down\" is a song by American rapper Bow Wow, released on June 24, 2003 as the first single off his third album \"Unleashed\" (2003).", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Shad Moss, Phalon Alexander, Rahman Griffin and a then-unknown T.I..", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ It was produced by Jazze Pha and features rapper Birdman under his former alias \"Baby\".", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ It's the first song to be released by Bow Wow without the \"Lil'\" moniker in his name after making his film debut in 2002's \"Like Mike\" and releasing his cover of \"Basketball\" for the film's soundtrack.", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ Bow Wow said that following the name change, he wanted to do the same with his music by contributing more into the songwriting process of the album and release a single that matched his new image.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "University of California, Riverside __knowledge__ The University of California, Riverside (UCR or UC Riverside), is a public research university and one of the 10 general campuses of the University of California system.", "University of California, Riverside __knowledge__ The main campus sits on in a suburban district of Riverside, California, United States, with a branch campus of in Palm Desert.", "University of California, Riverside __knowledge__ In 1907 the predecessor to UCR was founded as the UC Citrus Experiment Station, Riverside which pioneered research in biological pest control and the use of growth regulators responsible for extending the citrus growing season in California from four to nine months.", "University of California, Riverside __knowledge__ Some of the world's most important research collections on citrus diversity and entomology, as well as science fiction and photography, are located at Riverside.", "List of master's degrees in North America __knowledge__ This list refers to specific master's degrees in North America.", "List of master's degrees in North America __knowledge__ Please see master's degree for a more general overview.", "List of master's degrees in North America __knowledge__ Master of Accountancy (MAcc, MAc, MAcy or MPAcc), alternatively Master of Professional Accountancy (MPAcy or MPA), or Master Science in Accountancy (MSAcy) is typically a one-year, non-thesis graduate program designed to prepare graduates for public accounting and to provide them with the 150 credit hours required by most states before taking the CPA exam.", "List of master's degrees in North America __knowledge__ Master of Accounting (MAcc) is an 8-month degree offered by the University of Waterloo, School of Accounting and Finance in Canada that satisfies the 51 credit hours and CKE exam requirement needed to write the Chartered Accountant Uniform Final Exam (UFE) in the province of Ontario.", "Information and communication technologies for development __knowledge__ Information and communication technologies for development (ICT4D) refers to the application of information and communication technologies (ICT) toward social, economic, and political development, with a particular emphasis on helping poor and marginalized people and communities.", "Information and communication technologies for development __knowledge__ It aims to help in international development by bridging the digital divide and providing equitable access to technologies.", "Information and communication technologies for development __knowledge__ ICT4D is grounded in the notions of \"development\", \"growth\", \"progress\" and \"globalization\" and is often interpreted as the use of technology to deliver a greater good.", "Information and communication technologies for development __knowledge__ Another similar term used in the literature is \"digital development\".", "University of Southern California __knowledge__ The University of Southern California (USC or SC) is a private research university located in Los Angeles, California.", "University of Southern California __knowledge__ Founded in 1880, it is the oldest private research university in California.", "University of Southern California __knowledge__ USC has historically educated a large number of the region's business leaders and professionals.", "University of Southern California __knowledge__ In recent decades, the university has also leveraged its location in Los Angeles to establish relationships with research and cultural institutions throughout Asia and the Pacific Rim.", "University of Southern California __knowledge__ An engine for economic activity, USC contributes US$8 billion annually to the economy of the Los Angeles metropolitan area and California.", "Digital divide by country __knowledge__ The digital divide is an economic and social inequality with regard to access to, use of, or impact of information and communication technologies (ICT).", "Digital divide by country __knowledge__ Factors causing the divide can vary depending on the country and culture, as can the potential solutions for minimizing or closing the divide.", "Digital divide by country __knowledge__ The following is a list of countries that have a digital divide along with contributing factors and steps the country is taking to resolve the issue.", "Digital divide by country __knowledge__ The digital divide in Argentina is the term used to describe the technological and connectivity gap between different demographics and regions, specifically the gaps present in the country of Argentina.", "Bachelor of Science in Information Technology __knowledge__ A Bachelor of Science in Information Technology, (abbreviated BSIT or B.Sc IT), is a Bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate course or program in the Information technology field.", "Bachelor of Science in Information Technology __knowledge__ The degree is normally required in order to work in the Information technology industry.", "Bachelor of Science in Information Technology __knowledge__ A Bachelor of Science in Information Technology degree program typically takes three to four years depending on the country.", "Bachelor of Science in Information Technology __knowledge__ This degree is primarily focused on subjects such as software, databases, and networking.", "Bachelor of Science in Information Technology __knowledge__ In general, computer science degrees tend to focus on the mathematical and theoretical foundations of computing rather than emphasizing specific technologies.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ Networked advocacy or net-centric advocacy refers to a specific type of advocacy.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ While networked advocacy has existed for centuries, it has become significantly more efficacious in recent years due in large part to the widespread availability of the internet, mobile telephones, and related communications technologies that enable users to overcome the transaction costs of collective action.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ The study of networked advocacy draws on interdisciplinary sources, including communication theory, political science, and sociology.", "Networked advocacy __knowledge__ Theories of networked advocacy have been heavily influenced by social movement literature, and refer to the preexisting networks used to create and support collective actions and advocacy as well as the networks that such actions and advocacy create." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Grand Rapids is the second-largest city in Michigan, and the largest city in West Michigan.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ It is on the Grand River about east of Lake Michigan.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the city population was 188,040.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ In 2010, the Grand Rapids metropolitan area had a population of 1,005,648, and the combined statistical area of Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland had a population of 1,321,557.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Grand Rapids is the county seat of Kent County.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ A historic furniture-manufacturing center, Grand Rapids is home to five of the world's leading office furniture companies, and is nicknamed \"Furniture City\".", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Its more common modern nickname of \"River City\" refers to the landmark river for which it was named.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ The city and surrounding communities are economically diverse, based in the health care, information technology, automotive, aviation, and consumer goods manufacturing industries, among others.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Grand Rapids is the hometown of U.S. President Gerald Ford, who is buried with his wife Betty on the grounds of the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum in the city.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ For thousands of years, succeeding cultures of indigenous peoples occupied the area.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Over 2000 years ago, people associated with the Hopewell culture occupied the Grand River Valley.", "Mopani Copper Mines __knowledge__ Mopani Copper Mines PLC (\"Mopani\") is a Zambian registered company owned by Carlisa Investments Corporation (a joint venture company comprising Glencore International AG (73.1%) and First Quantum Minerals Ltd (16.9%)) and ZCCM-IH (10%).", "Mopani Copper Mines __knowledge__ Minority shareholders are spread throughout the world, in various locations.", "Mopani Copper Mines __knowledge__ Mopani Mines produces and sells copper and cobalt to the international market, being one of the biggest mines and exporters in the world.", "Mopani Copper Mines __knowledge__ The company has mine sites at Mufulira and Nkana, which are located on the Copperbelt in central Zambia.", "Mopani Copper Mines __knowledge__ The Corporate Head Office is established in Kitwe and lies adjacent to the Nkana assets.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot () is a town and nagar panchayat in the Ratlam district of Madhya Pradesh, India.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is located at .", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot has a population of 40,948.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is a tehsil place and a small town; it is a tahsil of Ratlam district and the hometown to Jangalwa Dynasty.", "Alot __knowledge__ It is on the route of the Delhi–Bombay railway track.", "Alot __knowledge__ Through trade routes Jewellers and Businessman established themselves in the town before the 17th century and flourished businesses in ginning and jewellery.", "Alot __knowledge__ A glimpse of the business lifestyle during that era can still be found in the historical town.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is a main station for Jain ; many Jain people go there daily for the darshan of Lord Jain Swetamber.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Ma'alot-Tarshiha (; , \"Maʻālūt Taršīḥā\") is a mixed city in the North District in Israel, some east of Nahariya, about above sea level.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ The city was established in 1963 through a municipal merger of the Arab town of Tarshiha and the Jewish town of Ma'alot.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ In the city has a population of .", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Excavations of a 4th-century burial cave in the village unearthed a cross and a piece of glass engraved with a menorah.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Crusader sources from the 12th and 13th century refer to Tarshiha as \"Terschia,\" \"Torsia\" and \"Tersigha.\"", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ The King had initiated the settlement of Crusader (\"Latin\", \"Frankish\") people in nearby Mi'ilya (\"Castellum Regis\"), and from there settlement spread out to Tarshiha.", "Mufulira Wanderers F.C. __knowledge__ Mufulira Wanderers are Zambia’s most successful football club and are based in the Copperbelt town of Mufulira.", "Mufulira Wanderers F.C. __knowledge__ Popularly known as Mighty Mufulira Wanderers, the club has won 50 trophies and has also produced some of the country’s greatest players.", "Mufulira Wanderers F.C. __knowledge__ After nine years in Division I, the Wanderers returned to the Zambian Super League in 2015 and have enjoyed two successive seasons in the top league.", "Mufulira Wanderers F.C. __knowledge__ Mufulira Wanderers Football Club was formed in 1953 as Mufulira Mine Team when mine workers demanded their own team to rival the town’s municipal-run team Mufulira Football Club which later became Mufulira Blackpool.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ The Ma'alot massacre was a Palestinian terrorist attack that occurred in May 1974 and involved a two-day hostage-taking of 115 Israeli people which ended in the murders of over 25 hostages.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ It began when three armed members of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP) entered Israel from Lebanon.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ Soon afterwards they attacked a van, killing two Israeli Arab women while injuring a third and entered an apartment building in the town of Ma'alot, where they killed a couple and their four-year-old son.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ From there, they headed for the Netiv Meir Elementary School, where they took more than 115 people (including 105 children) hostage on 15 May 1974, in Ma'alot.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ Ma'alot Dafna () is an Israeli settlement and neighborhood in Jerusalem that sits partly in East Jerusalem and in a territory that was no man's land before the Six Day war.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ It borders the neighborhood of Shmuel HaNavi to the west, Ammunition Hill to the east, Ramat Eshkol to the north and Arzei HaBira to the south.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ The international community considers Israeli settlements in East Jerusalem illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ Ma'alot Dafna was established in 1972 on the hillside through which Israeli troops in the Six Day War made their way from the Israeli neighborhood of Shmuel HaNavi to fight the Arab Legion troops at the Battle of Ammunition Hill.", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ Music from Another Dimension!", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ is the fifteenth studio album by American rock band Aerosmith, released on November 6, 2012 by Columbia Records.", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ This is their first studio album since 2004's \"Honkin' on Bobo\" and the first to feature all-new material since 2001's \"Just Push Play\", marking the longest gap between Aerosmith's studio albums.", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ The album was released in a single CD edition, along with a deluxe version.", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ It is the last album in Aerosmith's current recording contract with Sony/Columbia Records and was produced by Jack Douglas, Steven Tyler, Joe Perry and Marti Frederiksen (three tracks).", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ The album includes the singles, \"Legendary Child\", \"Lover Alot\", \"What Could Have Been Love\", and \"Can't Stop Lovin' You\".", "Homeowner Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2013 __knowledge__ The Homeowner Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2013 () is a bill that would reduce some of the reforms made to the federal flood insurance program that were passed two years prior.", "Homeowner Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2013 __knowledge__ The bill would reduce federal flood insurance premium rates for some properties that are sold, were uninsured as of July 2012, or where coverage lapsed as a result of the policyholder no longer being required to maintain coverage.", "Homeowner Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2013 __knowledge__ The bill was passed in the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress.", "Homeowner Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2013 __knowledge__ On March 21, 2014, President Barack Obama signed the bill into law, making it .", "National Flood Insurance Program __knowledge__ The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) is a program created by the Congress of the United States in 1968 through the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 (P.L.", "National Flood Insurance Program __knowledge__ 90-448).", "National Flood Insurance Program __knowledge__ The program enables property owners in participating communities to purchase insurance protection, administered by the government, against losses from flooding, and requires flood insurance for all loans or lines of credit that are secured by existing buildings, manufactured homes, or buildings under construction, that are located in a community that participates in the NFIP.", "National Flood Insurance Program __knowledge__ This NFIP is designed to provide an insurance alternative to disaster assistance to meet the escalating costs of repairing damage to buildings and their contents caused by floods.", "Flood insurance __knowledge__ Flood insurance denotes the specific insurance coverage against property loss from flooding.", "Flood insurance __knowledge__ To determine risk factors for specific properties, insurers will often refer to topographical maps that denote lowlands, floodplains and floodways that are susceptible to flooding.", "Flood insurance __knowledge__ Nationwide, only 20% of American homes at risk for floods are covered by flood insurance.", "Flood insurance __knowledge__ Most private insurers do not insure against the peril of flood due to the prevalence of adverse selection, which is the purchase of insurance by persons most affected by the specific peril of flood.", "Flood insurance __knowledge__ In traditional insurance, insurers use the economic law of large numbers to charge a relatively small fee to large numbers of people in order to pay the claims of the small numbers of claimants who have suffered a loss.", "National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 __knowledge__ The National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 is a piece of legislation passed in the United States that led to the creation of the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP).", "National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 __knowledge__ The act was motivated by a long history of property damage and loss of life due to flooding.", "National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 __knowledge__ The legislation was finally promulgated because of the recent flood loss sustained in Florida and Louisiana following the destruction caused by the Hurricane Betsy flood surge in 1965.", "National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 __knowledge__ The NFIP goals are two-fold: • To provide flood insurance for structures and contents in communities that adopt and enforce an ordinance outlining minimal floodplain management standards. • To identify areas of high and low flood hazard and establish flood insurance rates for structures inside each flood hazard area.", "Homeowner Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2014 __knowledge__ The Homeowner Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2014 () was a United States Congress bill that would have delayed the increases in flood insurance premiums that were part of the Biggert–Waters Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2012.", "Homeowner Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2014 __knowledge__ The reforms from that law were meant to require flood insurance premiums to actually reflect the real risk of flooding, which led to an increase in premiums.", "Homeowner Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2014 __knowledge__ At the time of the bill, the National Flood Insurance Program was $24 billion in debt.", "Homeowner Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2014 __knowledge__ The bill passed in the United States Senate during the 113th United States Congress, but was superseded by a similar bill which had originated in the United States House of Representatives.", "Line Mountain School District __knowledge__ The Line Mountain School District is a small, rural public school district serving portions of Northumberland County, Pennsylvania.", "Line Mountain School District __knowledge__ The district covers an area of .", "Line Mountain School District __knowledge__ Municipalities within its boundaries are the borough of Herndon and multiple townships, including Lower Augusta Township, Little Mahanoy Township, Zerbe Township, West Cameron Township, Jackson Township, Upper Mahanoy Township, Washington Township, Jordan Township, and Lower Mahanoy Township.", "Line Mountain School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 8,975.", "Line Mountain School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population increased to 9,184 people.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ Selinsgrove Area School District is a mid-sized, suburban/rural public school district centered in Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania in eastern Snyder County, Pennsylvania.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ The Selinsgrove Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 21,015 people.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ In 2010 the district's population increased to 22,259 people.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ District enrollment has declined to approximately 2700 students clustered on a campus located in the borough of Selinsgrove.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ The Pennsylvania Department of Education projected a continued decline in enrollment to 2,500 in 2010." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Grand Rapids is the second-largest city in Michigan, and the largest city in West Michigan.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ It is on the Grand River about east of Lake Michigan.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the city population was 188,040.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ In 2010, the Grand Rapids metropolitan area had a population of 1,005,648, and the combined statistical area of Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland had a population of 1,321,557.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Grand Rapids is the county seat of Kent County.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ A historic furniture-manufacturing center, Grand Rapids is home to five of the world's leading office furniture companies, and is nicknamed \"Furniture City\".", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Its more common modern nickname of \"River City\" refers to the landmark river for which it was named.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ The city and surrounding communities are economically diverse, based in the health care, information technology, automotive, aviation, and consumer goods manufacturing industries, among others.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Grand Rapids is the hometown of U.S. President Gerald Ford, who is buried with his wife Betty on the grounds of the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum in the city.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ For thousands of years, succeeding cultures of indigenous peoples occupied the area.", "Grand Rapids, Michigan __knowledge__ Over 2000 years ago, people associated with the Hopewell culture occupied the Grand River Valley.", "Duvet __knowledge__ A duvet (, , or ; from the French \"duvet\" \"down\") is a type of bedding consisting of a soft flat bag filled with down, feathers, wool, silk or a synthetic alternative, and typically protected with a removable cover, analogous to a pillow and pillow case.", "Duvet __knowledge__ Sleepers often use a duvet without a top bed sheet, as the duvet cover can readily be removed and laundered as often as the bottom sheet.", "Duvet __knowledge__ Duvets originated in rural Europe and were filled with the down feathers of ducks.", "Duvet __knowledge__ The best quality is taken from the eider duck, for its down is known for its effectiveness as a thermal insulator.", "Duvet __knowledge__ In Australian English, a duvet is also called a doona (from a trade mark, from Danish \"dyne\", quilt, related to \"dun\", down).", "Ay __knowledge__ Ay was the penultimate Pharaoh of Ancient Egypt's 18th dynasty.", "Ay __knowledge__ He held the throne of Egypt for a brief four-year period (probably 1323–1319 BC or 1327–1323 BC, depending on which chronology is followed), although he was a close advisor to two and perhaps three of the pharaohs who ruled before him and was said to be the power behind the throne during Tutankhamun's reign.", "Ay __knowledge__ Ay's \"prenomen\" or royal name—Kheperkheperure—means \"Everlasting are the Manifestations of Ra\" while his birth name \"Ay it-netjer\" reads as 'Ay, Father of the God.'", "Ay __knowledge__ Records and monuments that can be clearly attributed to Ay are rare, not only due to his short length of reign, but also because his successor, Horemheb, instigated a campaign of \"damnatio memoriae\" against him and other pharaohs associated with the unpopular Amarna Period.", "Ay-O __knowledge__ Takao Iijima (born May 19, 1931), better known by his art name Ay-O, (靉嘔) is a Japanese artist who has been associated with Fluxus since its international beginnings in the 1960s.", "Ay-O __knowledge__ Probably, the best reference to understand the early years of Ay-O is the autobiographical retrospective book in the references \"Ay-O, Over the Rainbow, Ay-O Retrospective 1950-2006.\"", "Ay-O __knowledge__ In a nutshell: Ay-O started his career in the Demokrato Artist Association (デモクラート美術家協会), created by Ei-Q.", "Ay-O __knowledge__ This association promoted artistic freedom and independence in making art.", "Ay-O __knowledge__ The influence of these values with Ay-O can be seen in a series of early paintings over which he painted a large X because he thought they were not original enough.", "Battle of Cibecue Creek __knowledge__ The Battle of Cibecue Creek was an engagement of the Apache Wars, fought in August 1881 between the United States and White Mountain Apaches in Arizona, at Cibecue Creek on the Fort Apache Indian Reservation.", "Battle of Cibecue Creek __knowledge__ After an army expedition of scouts and soldiers arrested a prominent medicine man, they were taking the prisoner back to the fort when ambushed by hostile Apaches.", "Battle of Cibecue Creek __knowledge__ During the conflict, soldiers killed the wounded medicine man, and most of the twenty-three Apache scouts mutinied, in the largest such action in United States history.", "Battle of Cibecue Creek __knowledge__ The soldiers retreated to Fort Apache and on the following day, the Apache mounted a counterattack.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "Bangalore University Task Force __knowledge__ Bangalore University Task Force on Teacher Education (simply known as BU Task Force) is a high-power committee constituted in May 2012 to inspect the quality and functioning of teacher education colleges under Bangalore University.", "Bangalore University Task Force __knowledge__ The Task Force, chaired by the University's Academic Council member Mr. H. Karan Kumar, submitted an interim report on the quality & functioning of 7 M.Ed.", "Bangalore University Task Force __knowledge__ Colleges during August 2012, which was unanimously accepted by the Academic Council in its meeting held on 29 August 2012.", "Bangalore University Task Force __knowledge__ The Task Force recommended that the admission of students to all the 7 M.Ed.", "Bangalore University Task Force __knowledge__ colleges be suspended for the academic year 2012 - 13.", "Tog (unit) __knowledge__ The tog is a measure of thermal resistance of a unit area, also known as thermal insulance.", "Tog (unit) __knowledge__ It is commonly used in the textile industry and often seen quoted on, for example, duvets and carpet underlay.", "Tog (unit) __knowledge__ The Shirley Institute in Manchester, England developed the tog as an easy-to-follow alternative to the SI unit of mK/W.", "Tog (unit) __knowledge__ The name comes from the informal word \"togs\" for clothing which itself was probably derived from the word toga, a Roman garment.", "Tog (unit) __knowledge__ The basic unit of insulation coefficient is the \"R\", (1 mK/W).", "Tog (unit) __knowledge__ 1 tog = 0.1 \"R\".", "Tog (unit) __knowledge__ There is also a clo clothing unit equivalent to 0.155 \"R\" or 1.55 tog.", "Environment Agency __knowledge__ The Environment Agency (EA) is a non-departmental public body, established in 1995 and sponsored by the United Kingdom government's Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA), with responsibilities relating to the protection and enhancement of the environment in England (and until 2013 also Wales).", "Environment Agency __knowledge__ The Environment Agency's stated purpose is, \"to protect or enhance the environment, taken as a whole\"\" so as to promote \"the objective of achieving sustainable development\" (taken from the Environment Act 1995, section 4).", "Environment Agency __knowledge__ Protection of the environment relates to threats such as flood and pollution.", "Flood risk assessment __knowledge__ A flood risk assessment (FRA) is an assessment of the risk of flooding from all flooding mechanisms, the identification of flood mitigation measures and should provide advice on actions to be taken before and during a flood.", "Flood risk assessment __knowledge__ The sources of water which produce floods include: For each of the sources of water, different hydraulic intensities occur.", "Flood risk assessment __knowledge__ Floods can occur because of a combination of sources of flooding, such as high groundwater and an inadequate surface water drainage system.", "Flood risk assessment __knowledge__ The topography, hydrogeology and physical attributes of the existing or proposed development need to be considered.", "History of flooding in Canada __knowledge__ The history of flooding in Canada includes floods caused by snowmelt runoff or freshet flooding, storm-rainfall and \"flash flooding\", ice jams during ice formation and spring break-up, natural dams, coastal flooding on ocean or lake coasts from storm surges, hurricanes and tsunamis.", "History of flooding in Canada __knowledge__ Urban flooding can be caused by stormwater runoff, riverine flooding and structural failure when engineered flood management structures, including dams and levees, prove inadequate to manage the quantities and force of flood waters.", "History of flooding in Canada __knowledge__ Floods can also occur when groundwater levels rise entering buildings cracks in foundation, floors and basements..", "Flood insurance __knowledge__ Flood insurance denotes the specific insurance coverage against property loss from flooding.", "Flood insurance __knowledge__ To determine risk factors for specific properties, insurers will often refer to topographical maps that denote lowlands, floodplains and floodways that are susceptible to flooding.", "Flood insurance __knowledge__ Nationwide, only 20% of American homes at risk for floods are covered by flood insurance.", "Flood insurance __knowledge__ Most private insurers do not insure against the peril of flood due to the prevalence of adverse selection, which is the purchase of insurance by persons most affected by the specific peril of flood.", "Flood insurance __knowledge__ In traditional insurance, insurers use the economic law of large numbers to charge a relatively small fee to large numbers of people in order to pay the claims of the small numbers of claimants who have suffered a loss.", "Criminal record __knowledge__ A criminal record or police record is a record of a person's criminal history, generally used by potential employers, lenders, and others to assess his or her trustworthiness.", "Criminal record __knowledge__ The information included in a criminal record and the existence of a criminal record varies between countries and even between jurisdictions within a country.", "Criminal record __knowledge__ In most cases it lists all non-expunged criminal offences and may also include traffic offences such as speeding and drunk-driving.", "Criminal record __knowledge__ In some countries the record is limited to actual convictions (where the individual has pleaded guilty or been declared guilty by a qualified court), while in others it also includes arrests, charges dismissed, charges pending and charges of which the individual has been acquitted.", "Internal drainage board __knowledge__ An internal drainage board (IDB) is a type of operating authority which is established in areas of special drainage need in England and Wales with permissive powers to undertake work to secure clean water drainage and water level management within drainage districts.", "Internal drainage board __knowledge__ The area of an IDB is not determined by county or metropolitan council boundaries, but by water catchment areas within a given region.", "Internal drainage board __knowledge__ IDBs are geographically concentrated in the Broads, Fens in East Anglia and Lincolnshire, Somerset Levels and Yorkshire.", "Internal drainage board __knowledge__ In comparison with public bodies in other countries, IDBs are most similar to the \"Waterschappen\" of the Netherlands, \"Consorzi di bonifica e irrigazione\" of Italy, \"\" of Flanders and Northern France and watershed districts of Minnesota, United States.", "Stroke __knowledge__ Stroke is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain results in cell death.", "Stroke __knowledge__ There are two main types of stroke: ischemic, due to lack of blood flow, and hemorrhagic, due to bleeding.", "Stroke __knowledge__ They result in part of the brain not functioning properly.", "Stroke __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms of a stroke may include an inability to move or feel on one side of the body, problems understanding or speaking, feeling like the world is spinning, or loss of vision to one side.", "Stroke __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms often appear soon after the stroke has occurred.", "Stroke __knowledge__ If symptoms last less than one or two hours it is known as a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or mini-stroke." ] ]

[ 1, 8, 72, 58, 71 ]

[ "I really like grand rapids, love living in a larger city.", "I like it because its economically diverse, I work in Information technology.", "I have a bachelors in information technology, and I work for a company that helps people handle property taxes and flood insurance.", "I deal with a database that holds information for specific properties nationwide and determines flood risk factors, so yes, lots of hours, lol", "Yes, I have worked there 11 years, but its been really tough since my hemorrhagic stroke 4 years ago." ]

[ "Grand Rapids, Michigan", "Grand Rapids, Michigan", "Grand Rapids, Michigan", "Grand Rapids, Michigan", "Grand Rapids, Michigan" ]

[ "Chocolate cake\nChocolate cake is my absolute favorite!", "I've not had that variant. The one that I like most uses a mayonnaise in it.", "Are there any good books about chocolate cake that you know of?", "Yeah, I imagine keto chocolate is unsweetened, so would be a little more bitter than normal. What genre of music is My Friend the Chocolate Cake?", "I'll have to look them up. Do you enjoy ice cream with your cake, or just chocolate cake by itself?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake or Chocolate gateau (from French: \"gâteau au chocolat\") is a cake flavored with melted chocolate, cocoa powder, or both.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake is made with chocolate; it can be made with other ingredients, as well.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ These ingredients include fudge, vanilla creme, and other sweeteners.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The history of chocolate cake goes back to 1764, when Dr. James Baker discovered how to make chocolate by grinding cocoa beans between two massive circular millstones.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1828, Conrad Van Houten of the Netherlands developed a mechanical extraction method for extracting the fat from cacao liquor resulting in cacao butter and the partly defatted cacao, a compacted mass of solids that could be sold as it was \"rock cacao\" or ground into powder.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The processes transformed chocolate from an exclusive luxury to an inexpensive daily snack.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ A process for making silkier and smoother chocolate called conching was developed in 1879 by Rodolphe Lindt and made it easier to bake with chocolate, as it amalgamates smoothly and completely with cake batters.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Until 1890 to 1900, chocolate recipes were mostly for chocolate drinks, and its presence in cakes was only in fillings and glazes.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1886, American cooks began adding chocolate to the cake batter, to make the first chocolate cakes in the US.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Devil's food cake is a moist, airy, rich chocolate layer cake.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ It is considered a counterpart to the white or yellow angel food cake.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Because of differing recipes and changing ingredient availability over the course of the 20th century, it is difficult to precisely qualify what distinguishes devil's food from the more standard chocolate cake, though it traditionally has more chocolate than a regular chocolate cake, making it darker.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ The cake is usually paired with a rich chocolate frosting.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Devil's food cake is commonly a dense, rich chocolate cake, quite different from other chocolate cakes such as the German chocolate cake.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ German chocolate cake, originally German's chocolate cake, is a layered chocolate cake from the United States filled and topped with a coconut-pecan frosting.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ It owes its name to an English-American chocolate maker named Samuel German, who developed a formulation of dark baking chocolate that came to be used in the cake recipe.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ Sweet baking chocolate is traditionally used for the chocolate flavor in the actual cake, but few recipes call for it today.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ The filling and/or topping is a custard made with egg yolks and evaporated milk; once the custard is cooked, coconut and pecans are stirred in.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ Occasionally, a chocolate frosting is spread on the sides of the cake and piped around the circumference of the layers to hold in the filling.", "Flourless chocolate cake __knowledge__ A flourless chocolate cake is a dense \"fallen\" cake made from an aerated chocolate custard.", "Flourless chocolate cake __knowledge__ Whole eggs are whipped to a foam in a manner similar to a Génoise cake, using low heat from the melted chocolate to stabilize the protein matrix.", "Flourless chocolate cake __knowledge__ The resulting batter contains only the starch naturally present in the chocolate, and is baked in a bain-marie.", "Flourless chocolate cake __knowledge__ Flourless chocolate cake is a popular dessert in gluten-free diets.", "Flourless chocolate cake __knowledge__ A similar cake with little or no flour in which the egg matrix is allowed to collapse is known as \"fallen\" or \"molten\" chocolate cake and was popularized by, among others, Jean-Georges Vongerichten's restaurants.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ My Friend The Chocolate Cake is an Australian musical group based in Melbourne.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ They have recorded seven albums since being founded in 1989 by David Bridie and Helen Mountfort.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ The band has won two ARIA Music Awards for Best Adult Contemporary Album, for \"Brood\" in 1995 and \"Good Luck\" in 1997.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ Bridie and Mountfort had been members of the internationally acclaimed ambient/world music ensemble Not Drowning, Waving since 1983.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ In 1989, Bridie took a holiday in New Zealand and wrote \"a few more breezy compositions\" that did not fit into the Not Drowning, Waving style.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ The side-project that he and Mountfort formed that year, My Friend The Chocolate Cake, took its name from a song title by an obscure Sydney band Ya Ya Coralle.", "Molten chocolate cake __knowledge__ Molten chocolate cake is a popular dessert that combines the elements of a flourless chocolate cake and a soufflé.", "Molten chocolate cake __knowledge__ The name derives from the dessert's liquid chocolate center chocolate \"moelleux\" and chocolate lava cake..", "Molten chocolate cake __knowledge__ It should not be confused with chocolate fondant, a recipe that contains little flour, but instead a lot of chocolate and butter, hence melting on the palate (but not on the plate).", "Molten chocolate cake __knowledge__ The United States-based chef Jean-Georges Vongerichten claims to have invented molten chocolate cake in New York City in 1987, but the French chef and chocolatier Jacques Torres disputes this, arguing that such a dish already existed in France.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ Sachertorte () is a specific type of chocolate cake, or torte, invented by Austrian Franz Sacher in 1832 for Prince Wenzel von Metternich in Vienna, Austria.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ It is one of the most famous Viennese culinary specialties.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ 5 December is National Sachertorte Day.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ Recipes similar to that of the Sachertorte appeared as early as the 18th century, one instance being in the 1718 cookbook of Conrad Hagger, another individual represented in Gartler-Hickmann's 1749 \"Tried and True Viennese Cookbook\" (\"Wienerisches bewährtes Kochbuch\").", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ In 1832, Prince Wenzel von Metternich charged his personal chef with creating a special dessert for several important guests." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake or Chocolate gateau (from French: \"gâteau au chocolat\") is a cake flavored with melted chocolate, cocoa powder, or both.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake is made with chocolate; it can be made with other ingredients, as well.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ These ingredients include fudge, vanilla creme, and other sweeteners.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The history of chocolate cake goes back to 1764, when Dr. James Baker discovered how to make chocolate by grinding cocoa beans between two massive circular millstones.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1828, Conrad Van Houten of the Netherlands developed a mechanical extraction method for extracting the fat from cacao liquor resulting in cacao butter and the partly defatted cacao, a compacted mass of solids that could be sold as it was \"rock cacao\" or ground into powder.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The processes transformed chocolate from an exclusive luxury to an inexpensive daily snack.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ A process for making silkier and smoother chocolate called conching was developed in 1879 by Rodolphe Lindt and made it easier to bake with chocolate, as it amalgamates smoothly and completely with cake batters.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Until 1890 to 1900, chocolate recipes were mostly for chocolate drinks, and its presence in cakes was only in fillings and glazes.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1886, American cooks began adding chocolate to the cake batter, to make the first chocolate cakes in the US.", "Mayonnaise __knowledge__ Mayonnaise (, , also , and often abbreviated as mayo ) is a thick, creamy dressing often used as a condiment.", "Mayonnaise __knowledge__ It is a stable emulsion of oil, egg yolk, and either vinegar or lemon juice, with many options for embellishment with other herbs and spices.", "Mayonnaise __knowledge__ Proteins and lecithin in the egg yolk serve as emulsifiers in both mayonnaise and hollandaise sauce.", "Mayonnaise __knowledge__ Commercial egg-free alternatives are available for vegans and others who want to avoid animal products and cholesterol, or who are allergic to eggs.", "Mayonnaise __knowledge__ Mayonnaise varies in color, but is often white, cream, or pale yellow.", "Mayonnaise __knowledge__ It may range in texture from that of light cream to a thick gel.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ This is a listing of regional variations on the hot dog.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Different areas of the world have local variations on the type of meat used, condiments, and means of preparation, which are enumerated below.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs are very popular throughout the United States.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Many regional variations exist.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs made with caribou meat added are sold as \"reindeer dogs\" throughout Alaska.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ The Sonoran hot dog is popular in Tucson, Phoenix, and elsewhere in southern Arizona, as well as in the neighboring Mexican state of Sonora.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ It is a hot dog wrapped in mesquite-smoked bacon, cooked on a grill or on a griddle or comal, then topped with pinto beans, onions, tomatoes, mayonnaise, mustard and jalapeño salsa or sauce, and served on a bolillo roll, often with a side of fresh-roasted chili pepper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ Olivier salad ( \"Salat Olivye\") is a traditional salad dish in Russian cuisine, which is also popular in old Soviet Union countries (particularly, in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan), some other European countries, Iran, Israel, Mongolia and also throughout Latin America.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ In different modern recipes, it is usually made with diced boiled potatoes, carrots, brined dill pickles, green peas, eggs, celeriac, onions, diced boiled chicken (or sometimes ham or bologna sausage), tart apples, with salt, pepper, and mustard added to enhance flavor, dressed with mayonnaise.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ In many countries, the dish is commonly referred to as Russian salad, although this term can connote vinegret .", "Coleslaw __knowledge__ Coleslaw (from the Dutch term \"koolsla\" meaning 'cabbage salad'), also known as cole slaw or slaw, is a salad consisting primarily of finely-shredded raw cabbage with a salad dressing, commonly either vinaigrette or mayonnaise.", "Coleslaw __knowledge__ Coleslaw prepared with vinaigrette may benefit from the long lifespan granted by pickling.", "Coleslaw __knowledge__ Coleslaw may be served as a side dish, and is offered by some United States-based fast food chains.", "Coleslaw __knowledge__ There are many variations of the recipe, which include the addition of other ingredients such as red cabbage, pepper, shredded carrots, onion, grated cheese, pineapple, or apple, mixed with a salad dressing such as mayonnaise or cream.", "Hellmann's and Best Foods __knowledge__ Hellmann's and Best Foods are brand names that are used for the same line of mayonnaise and other food products.", "Hellmann's and Best Foods __knowledge__ The Hellmann's brand is sold in the United States east of the Rocky Mountains, and also in Latin America, Europe, Australia, the Middle East, Canada and South Africa.", "Hellmann's and Best Foods __knowledge__ The Best Foods brand is sold in the United States west of the Rocky Mountains, and also in Asia, Australia, and New Zealand.", "Hellmann's and Best Foods __knowledge__ Hellmann's and Best Foods are marketed in a similar way.", "Hellmann's and Best Foods __knowledge__ Their logos and web sites resemble one another, and they have the same English slogan: \"Bring out the best\".", "Hellmann's and Best Foods __knowledge__ Both brands were previously sold by the U.S.-based Bestfoods Corporation, which also sold several other food products in addition to Hellmann's and Best Foods mayonnaise.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate, also known as hot cocoa, drinking chocolate or just cocoa is a heated beverage consisting of shaved chocolate, melted chocolate or cocoa powder, heated milk or water, and usually a sweetener.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate may be topped with whipped cream.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ The first chocolate beverage is believed to have been created by the Mayans around 2,500-3,000 years ago, and a cocoa beverage was an essential part of Aztec culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as xocōlātl.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The cocoa bean, also called cacao bean, cocoa (), and cacao (), is the dried and fully fermented seed of \"Theobroma cacao\", from which cocoa solids and, because of the seed's fat, cocoa butter can be extracted.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The beans are the basis of chocolate, and of such Mesoamerican foods as \"mole\" and \"tejate\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The word \"cocoa\" comes from the Spanish word \"cacao\", which is derived from the Nahuatl word \"cacahuatl\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The Nahuatl word, in turn, ultimately derives from the reconstructed Proto Mije-Sokean word \"*kakaw~*kakawa\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The term \"cocoa\" also means The cacao tree is native to the Americas.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ It originated in Central America and parts of Mexico.", "Field ration __knowledge__ A field ration, combat ration or ration pack is a canned or pre-packaged meal, easily prepared and eaten, transported by military troops on the battlefield.", "Field ration __knowledge__ They are distinguished from regular military rations by virtue of being designed for minimal preparation in the field, using canned, pre-cooked or freeze-dried foods, powdered beverage mixes and concentrated food bars, as well as for long shelf life.", "Field ration __knowledge__ Such meals also prove invaluable for disaster relief operations, where large stocks of these can be ferried and distributed easily, and provide basic nutritional support to victims before kitchens can be set up to produce fresh food.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry in the Philippines evidences the agricultural roots of the Philippine society.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The growing of cacao or cocoa boasts a long history stretching from the colonial times.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Originating from Mesoamerican forests, cacao was first introduced by the Spanish colonizers four centuries ago.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Since then the Philippine cocoa industry has been the primary producer of cocoa beans in the Southeast Asia.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ There are many areas of production of cacao in the Philippines, owing to its agriculture.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry is currently on a small to medium scale.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The word “chocolate” as we know it today was spelled in different ways throughout time, in different ways such as “chocalatall,” “jocolatte,” “jacolatte,” and “chockelet.” It is a derivative of the word \"cacahuatl\" or \"xocoatl\", a bitter drink the Aztecs brewed from cacao beans mixed with spices, wine, and other local ingredients that can be traced back to Pre-Columbian Mexico.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake or Chocolate gateau (from French: \"gâteau au chocolat\") is a cake flavored with melted chocolate, cocoa powder, or both.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake is made with chocolate; it can be made with other ingredients, as well.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ These ingredients include fudge, vanilla creme, and other sweeteners.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The history of chocolate cake goes back to 1764, when Dr. James Baker discovered how to make chocolate by grinding cocoa beans between two massive circular millstones.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1828, Conrad Van Houten of the Netherlands developed a mechanical extraction method for extracting the fat from cacao liquor resulting in cacao butter and the partly defatted cacao, a compacted mass of solids that could be sold as it was \"rock cacao\" or ground into powder.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The processes transformed chocolate from an exclusive luxury to an inexpensive daily snack.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ A process for making silkier and smoother chocolate called conching was developed in 1879 by Rodolphe Lindt and made it easier to bake with chocolate, as it amalgamates smoothly and completely with cake batters.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Until 1890 to 1900, chocolate recipes were mostly for chocolate drinks, and its presence in cakes was only in fillings and glazes.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1886, American cooks began adding chocolate to the cake batter, to make the first chocolate cakes in the US.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Devil's food cake is a moist, airy, rich chocolate layer cake.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ It is considered a counterpart to the white or yellow angel food cake.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Because of differing recipes and changing ingredient availability over the course of the 20th century, it is difficult to precisely qualify what distinguishes devil's food from the more standard chocolate cake, though it traditionally has more chocolate than a regular chocolate cake, making it darker.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ The cake is usually paired with a rich chocolate frosting.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Devil's food cake is commonly a dense, rich chocolate cake, quite different from other chocolate cakes such as the German chocolate cake.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ German chocolate cake, originally German's chocolate cake, is a layered chocolate cake from the United States filled and topped with a coconut-pecan frosting.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ It owes its name to an English-American chocolate maker named Samuel German, who developed a formulation of dark baking chocolate that came to be used in the cake recipe.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ Sweet baking chocolate is traditionally used for the chocolate flavor in the actual cake, but few recipes call for it today.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ The filling and/or topping is a custard made with egg yolks and evaporated milk; once the custard is cooked, coconut and pecans are stirred in.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ Occasionally, a chocolate frosting is spread on the sides of the cake and piped around the circumference of the layers to hold in the filling.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ My Friend The Chocolate Cake is an Australian musical group based in Melbourne.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ They have recorded seven albums since being founded in 1989 by David Bridie and Helen Mountfort.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ The band has won two ARIA Music Awards for Best Adult Contemporary Album, for \"Brood\" in 1995 and \"Good Luck\" in 1997.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ Bridie and Mountfort had been members of the internationally acclaimed ambient/world music ensemble Not Drowning, Waving since 1983.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ In 1989, Bridie took a holiday in New Zealand and wrote \"a few more breezy compositions\" that did not fit into the Not Drowning, Waving style.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ The side-project that he and Mountfort formed that year, My Friend The Chocolate Cake, took its name from a song title by an obscure Sydney band Ya Ya Coralle.", "Flourless chocolate cake __knowledge__ A flourless chocolate cake is a dense \"fallen\" cake made from an aerated chocolate custard.", "Flourless chocolate cake __knowledge__ Whole eggs are whipped to a foam in a manner similar to a Génoise cake, using low heat from the melted chocolate to stabilize the protein matrix.", "Flourless chocolate cake __knowledge__ The resulting batter contains only the starch naturally present in the chocolate, and is baked in a bain-marie.", "Flourless chocolate cake __knowledge__ Flourless chocolate cake is a popular dessert in gluten-free diets.", "Flourless chocolate cake __knowledge__ A similar cake with little or no flour in which the egg matrix is allowed to collapse is known as \"fallen\" or \"molten\" chocolate cake and was popularized by, among others, Jean-Georges Vongerichten's restaurants.", "Molten chocolate cake __knowledge__ Molten chocolate cake is a popular dessert that combines the elements of a flourless chocolate cake and a soufflé.", "Molten chocolate cake __knowledge__ The name derives from the dessert's liquid chocolate center chocolate \"moelleux\" and chocolate lava cake..", "Molten chocolate cake __knowledge__ It should not be confused with chocolate fondant, a recipe that contains little flour, but instead a lot of chocolate and butter, hence melting on the palate (but not on the plate).", "Molten chocolate cake __knowledge__ The United States-based chef Jean-Georges Vongerichten claims to have invented molten chocolate cake in New York City in 1987, but the French chef and chocolatier Jacques Torres disputes this, arguing that such a dish already existed in France.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ Sachertorte () is a specific type of chocolate cake, or torte, invented by Austrian Franz Sacher in 1832 for Prince Wenzel von Metternich in Vienna, Austria.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ It is one of the most famous Viennese culinary specialties.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ 5 December is National Sachertorte Day.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ Recipes similar to that of the Sachertorte appeared as early as the 18th century, one instance being in the 1718 cookbook of Conrad Hagger, another individual represented in Gartler-Hickmann's 1749 \"Tried and True Viennese Cookbook\" (\"Wienerisches bewährtes Kochbuch\").", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ In 1832, Prince Wenzel von Metternich charged his personal chef with creating a special dessert for several important guests.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The cocoa bean, also called cacao bean, cocoa (), and cacao (), is the dried and fully fermented seed of \"Theobroma cacao\", from which cocoa solids and, because of the seed's fat, cocoa butter can be extracted.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The beans are the basis of chocolate, and of such Mesoamerican foods as \"mole\" and \"tejate\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The word \"cocoa\" comes from the Spanish word \"cacao\", which is derived from the Nahuatl word \"cacahuatl\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The Nahuatl word, in turn, ultimately derives from the reconstructed Proto Mije-Sokean word \"*kakaw~*kakawa\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The term \"cocoa\" also means The cacao tree is native to the Americas.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ It originated in Central America and parts of Mexico.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry in the Philippines evidences the agricultural roots of the Philippine society.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The growing of cacao or cocoa boasts a long history stretching from the colonial times.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Originating from Mesoamerican forests, cacao was first introduced by the Spanish colonizers four centuries ago.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Since then the Philippine cocoa industry has been the primary producer of cocoa beans in the Southeast Asia.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ There are many areas of production of cacao in the Philippines, owing to its agriculture.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry is currently on a small to medium scale.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The word “chocolate” as we know it today was spelled in different ways throughout time, in different ways such as “chocalatall,” “jocolatte,” “jacolatte,” and “chockelet.” It is a derivative of the word \"cacahuatl\" or \"xocoatl\", a bitter drink the Aztecs brewed from cacao beans mixed with spices, wine, and other local ingredients that can be traced back to Pre-Columbian Mexico.", "Baker's Chocolate __knowledge__ Baker's Chocolate is a brand name for the line of baking chocolates owned by the Kraft Heinz Company (formerly Kraft Foods).", "Baker's Chocolate __knowledge__ Products include a variety of bulk chocolates, including white and unsweetened, and sweetened coconut flakes.", "Baker's Chocolate __knowledge__ It is one of the largest national brands of chocolate in the United States.", "Baker's Chocolate __knowledge__ The company was originally named Walter Baker & Company.", "Baker's Chocolate __knowledge__ In 1764, John Hannon (or alternatively spelled \"Hannan\" in some sources) and the American physician Dr. James Baker started importing beans and producing chocolate in the Lower Mills section of Dorchester, Massachusetts.", "Baker's Chocolate __knowledge__ After Hannon never returned from a 1779 sailing trip to the West Indies to purchase cocoa beans, his wife sold the company to Dr. Baker in 1780, and the company was renamed to the Baker Chocolate Company.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate, also known as hot cocoa, drinking chocolate or just cocoa is a heated beverage consisting of shaved chocolate, melted chocolate or cocoa powder, heated milk or water, and usually a sweetener.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate may be topped with whipped cream.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ The first chocolate beverage is believed to have been created by the Mayans around 2,500-3,000 years ago, and a cocoa beverage was an essential part of Aztec culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as xocōlātl.", "History of chocolate in Spain __knowledge__ The history of chocolate in Spain is part of the culinary history of Spain as understood since the 16th century, when the colonization of the Americas began and the cocoa plant was discovered in regions of Mesoamerica, until the present.", "History of chocolate in Spain __knowledge__ After the conquest of Mexico, cocoa as a commodity travelled by boat from the port of Nueva España to the Spanish coast.", "History of chocolate in Spain __knowledge__ The first such voyage to Europe occurred at an unknown date in the 1520s.", "History of chocolate in Spain __knowledge__ However it was only in the 17th century that regular trade began from the port of Veracruz, opening a maritime trade route that would supply the new demand from Spain, and later from other European countries." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake or Chocolate gateau (from French: \"gâteau au chocolat\") is a cake flavored with melted chocolate, cocoa powder, or both.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake is made with chocolate; it can be made with other ingredients, as well.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ These ingredients include fudge, vanilla creme, and other sweeteners.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The history of chocolate cake goes back to 1764, when Dr. James Baker discovered how to make chocolate by grinding cocoa beans between two massive circular millstones.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1828, Conrad Van Houten of the Netherlands developed a mechanical extraction method for extracting the fat from cacao liquor resulting in cacao butter and the partly defatted cacao, a compacted mass of solids that could be sold as it was \"rock cacao\" or ground into powder.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The processes transformed chocolate from an exclusive luxury to an inexpensive daily snack.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ A process for making silkier and smoother chocolate called conching was developed in 1879 by Rodolphe Lindt and made it easier to bake with chocolate, as it amalgamates smoothly and completely with cake batters.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Until 1890 to 1900, chocolate recipes were mostly for chocolate drinks, and its presence in cakes was only in fillings and glazes.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1886, American cooks began adding chocolate to the cake batter, to make the first chocolate cakes in the US.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Devil's food cake is a moist, airy, rich chocolate layer cake.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ It is considered a counterpart to the white or yellow angel food cake.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Because of differing recipes and changing ingredient availability over the course of the 20th century, it is difficult to precisely qualify what distinguishes devil's food from the more standard chocolate cake, though it traditionally has more chocolate than a regular chocolate cake, making it darker.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ The cake is usually paired with a rich chocolate frosting.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Devil's food cake is commonly a dense, rich chocolate cake, quite different from other chocolate cakes such as the German chocolate cake.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ Sachertorte () is a specific type of chocolate cake, or torte, invented by Austrian Franz Sacher in 1832 for Prince Wenzel von Metternich in Vienna, Austria.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ It is one of the most famous Viennese culinary specialties.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ 5 December is National Sachertorte Day.", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ Recipes similar to that of the Sachertorte appeared as early as the 18th century, one instance being in the 1718 cookbook of Conrad Hagger, another individual represented in Gartler-Hickmann's 1749 \"Tried and True Viennese Cookbook\" (\"Wienerisches bewährtes Kochbuch\").", "Sachertorte __knowledge__ In 1832, Prince Wenzel von Metternich charged his personal chef with creating a special dessert for several important guests.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ German chocolate cake, originally German's chocolate cake, is a layered chocolate cake from the United States filled and topped with a coconut-pecan frosting.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ It owes its name to an English-American chocolate maker named Samuel German, who developed a formulation of dark baking chocolate that came to be used in the cake recipe.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ Sweet baking chocolate is traditionally used for the chocolate flavor in the actual cake, but few recipes call for it today.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ The filling and/or topping is a custard made with egg yolks and evaporated milk; once the custard is cooked, coconut and pecans are stirred in.", "German chocolate cake __knowledge__ Occasionally, a chocolate frosting is spread on the sides of the cake and piped around the circumference of the layers to hold in the filling.", "Baker's Chocolate __knowledge__ Baker's Chocolate is a brand name for the line of baking chocolates owned by the Kraft Heinz Company (formerly Kraft Foods).", "Baker's Chocolate __knowledge__ Products include a variety of bulk chocolates, including white and unsweetened, and sweetened coconut flakes.", "Baker's Chocolate __knowledge__ It is one of the largest national brands of chocolate in the United States.", "Baker's Chocolate __knowledge__ The company was originally named Walter Baker & Company.", "Baker's Chocolate __knowledge__ In 1764, John Hannon (or alternatively spelled \"Hannan\" in some sources) and the American physician Dr. James Baker started importing beans and producing chocolate in the Lower Mills section of Dorchester, Massachusetts.", "Baker's Chocolate __knowledge__ After Hannon never returned from a 1779 sailing trip to the West Indies to purchase cocoa beans, his wife sold the company to Dr. Baker in 1780, and the company was renamed to the Baker Chocolate Company.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ My Friend The Chocolate Cake is an Australian musical group based in Melbourne.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ They have recorded seven albums since being founded in 1989 by David Bridie and Helen Mountfort.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ The band has won two ARIA Music Awards for Best Adult Contemporary Album, for \"Brood\" in 1995 and \"Good Luck\" in 1997.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ Bridie and Mountfort had been members of the internationally acclaimed ambient/world music ensemble Not Drowning, Waving since 1983.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ In 1989, Bridie took a holiday in New Zealand and wrote \"a few more breezy compositions\" that did not fit into the Not Drowning, Waving style.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ The side-project that he and Mountfort formed that year, My Friend The Chocolate Cake, took its name from a song title by an obscure Sydney band Ya Ya Coralle.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ A wedding cake is the traditional cake served at wedding receptions following dinner.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ In some parts of England, the wedding cake is served at a wedding breakfast; the 'wedding breakfast' does not mean the meal will be held in the morning, but at a time following the ceremony on the same day.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ In modern Western culture, the cake is usually on display and served to guests at the reception.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Traditionally, wedding cakes were made to bring good luck to all guests and the couple.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Modernly however, they are more of a centerpiece to the wedding and are not always even served to the guests.", "Wedding cake __knowledge__ Some cakes are built with only a single edible tier for the bride and groom to share, but this is rare since the cost difference between fake and real tiers is minimal.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ A doughnut or donut (both: or ; see spelling differences) is a type of fried dough confectionery or dessert food.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ The doughnut is popular in many countries and prepared in various forms as a sweet snack that can be homemade or purchased in bakeries, supermarkets, food stalls, and franchised specialty vendors.", "Doughnut __knowledge__ Doughnuts are usually deep fried from a flour dough, and typically either ring-shaped or a number of shapes without a hole, and often filled, but can also be ball-shaped (the \"hole\").", "Doughnut __knowledge__ Other types of batters can also be used, and various toppings and flavorings are used for different types, such as sugar, chocolate, or maple glazing." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake or Chocolate gateau (from French: \"gâteau au chocolat\") is a cake flavored with melted chocolate, cocoa powder, or both.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Chocolate cake is made with chocolate; it can be made with other ingredients, as well.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ These ingredients include fudge, vanilla creme, and other sweeteners.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The history of chocolate cake goes back to 1764, when Dr. James Baker discovered how to make chocolate by grinding cocoa beans between two massive circular millstones.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1828, Conrad Van Houten of the Netherlands developed a mechanical extraction method for extracting the fat from cacao liquor resulting in cacao butter and the partly defatted cacao, a compacted mass of solids that could be sold as it was \"rock cacao\" or ground into powder.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ The processes transformed chocolate from an exclusive luxury to an inexpensive daily snack.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ A process for making silkier and smoother chocolate called conching was developed in 1879 by Rodolphe Lindt and made it easier to bake with chocolate, as it amalgamates smoothly and completely with cake batters.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ Until 1890 to 1900, chocolate recipes were mostly for chocolate drinks, and its presence in cakes was only in fillings and glazes.", "Chocolate cake __knowledge__ In 1886, American cooks began adding chocolate to the cake batter, to make the first chocolate cakes in the US.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ This article is about the ice cream varieties around the world.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ While industrial ice cream exists in Argentina and can be found in supermarkets, restaurants or kiosks, and ice cream pops are sold on some streets and at the beaches, the most traditional Argentine \"helado\" (ice cream) is very similar to Italian gelato, rather than US-style ice cream, and it has become one of the most popular desserts in the country.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Among the most famous manufacturers are \"Freddo,\" \"Persicco,\" \"Chungo\", \"Cremolatti\" and \"Munchi's,\" all of them located in Buenos Aires.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Each city has its own \"heladerías\" (ice cream parlours) which offer different varieties of creamy and water-based ice creams, including both standard and regional flavours.", "Swiss roll __knowledge__ A Swiss roll, jelly roll, or cream roll is a type of sponge cake roll filled with whipped cream, jam, or icing.", "Swiss roll __knowledge__ The origins of the term are unclear.", "Swiss roll __knowledge__ In spite of the name \"Swiss roll\", the cake is believed to have originated elsewhere in Central Europe, likely Austria.", "Swiss roll __knowledge__ It appears to have been invented in the nineteenth century, along with Battenberg, doughnuts and Victoria sponge.", "Swiss roll __knowledge__ The shape of the Swiss roll has inspired usage as a descriptive term in other fields, such as in optics and many forms of the term \"jelly roll\".", "Swiss roll __knowledge__ Jelly cake (layer cake) is an old English recipe.", "Swiss roll __knowledge__ The earliest published reference for a rolled cake spread with jelly was in the \"Northern Farmer\", a journal published in Utica, New York, in December 1852.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream (derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (< ).", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Devil's food cake is a moist, airy, rich chocolate layer cake.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ It is considered a counterpart to the white or yellow angel food cake.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Because of differing recipes and changing ingredient availability over the course of the 20th century, it is difficult to precisely qualify what distinguishes devil's food from the more standard chocolate cake, though it traditionally has more chocolate than a regular chocolate cake, making it darker.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ The cake is usually paired with a rich chocolate frosting.", "Devil's food cake __knowledge__ Devil's food cake is commonly a dense, rich chocolate cake, quite different from other chocolate cakes such as the German chocolate cake.", "Good Humor __knowledge__ Good Humor is an American brand of ice cream novelties sold from ice cream trucks as well as stores and other retail outlets.", "Good Humor __knowledge__ Originally, Good Humors were chocolate-coated ice cream bars on a stick, but the line was expanded over the years to include a wide range of novelties.", "Good Humor __knowledge__ The Good Humor company started in Youngstown, Ohio, during the early 1920s and covered most of the country by the mid-1930s.", "Good Humor __knowledge__ Good Humor became a fixture in American popular culture, and at its peak in the 1950s the company operated 2,000 \"sales cars\".", "Good Humor __knowledge__ In 1961, Good Humor was acquired by Thomas J. Lipton, the U.S. subsidiary of the international Unilever conglomerate.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ A milkshake is a sweet, cold beverage which is usually made from milk, ice cream, or iced milk, and flavorings or sweeteners such as butterscotch, caramel sauce, chocolate syrup, or fruit syrup.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Outside the United States, milkshakes using ice cream or iced milk are sometimes called a thick milkshake or thick shake; in New England, the term frappe may be used to differentiate it from thinner forms of flavored milk.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Full-service restaurants, soda fountains, and diners usually prepare and mix the shake \"by hand\" from scoops of ice cream and milk in a blender or drink mixer using a stainless steel cup.", "Silverchair __knowledge__ Silverchair were an Australian rock band, which formed in 1992 as Innocent Criminals in Merewether, Newcastle with the line-up of Ben Gillies on drums, Daniel Johns on vocals and guitars, and Chris Joannou on bass guitar.", "Silverchair __knowledge__ The group got their big break in mid-1994 when they won a national demo competition conducted by SBS TV show \"Nomad\" and ABC radio station, Triple J.", "Silverchair __knowledge__ The band were signed by Murmur, and were successful on the Australian and international rock stages.", "Silverchair __knowledge__ During their career, Silverchair won more ARIA Music Awards than any other artist in history with 21 wins from 49 nominations.", "Silverchair __knowledge__ The band have also received six APRA Awards with Johns winning three songwriting awards at the 2008 ceremony.", "Jessica Mauboy __knowledge__ Jessica Hilda Mauboy (born 4 August 1989) is an Australian R&B and pop singer, songwriter, and actress.", "Jessica Mauboy __knowledge__ Born and raised in Darwin, Northern Territory, Mauboy rose to fame in 2006 on the fourth season of \"Australian Idol\"; she became the runner-up and subsequently signed a recording contract with Sony Music Australia.", "Jessica Mauboy __knowledge__ After releasing a live album of her \"Idol\" performances and briefly being a member of the girl group Young Divas in 2007, Mauboy released her debut studio album, \"Been Waiting\", the following year.", "Jessica Mauboy __knowledge__ It earned Mauboy her first number-one single \"Burn\", became the second highest-selling Australian album of 2009, and was certified double platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA).", "Human Nature (band) __knowledge__ Human Nature is an Australian boy band, which formed in 1989, with Toby Allen, Phil Burton and brothers, Andrew and Mike Tierney.", "Human Nature (band) __knowledge__ Originally they were a doo-wop group, the 4 Trax, while the members were schoolmates.", "Human Nature (band) __knowledge__ After signing with Sony Music as Human Nature, they released their debut album, \"Telling Everybody\", in 1996.", "Human Nature (band) __knowledge__ Three of their albums have reached number one on the ARIA Albums Charts, \"Counting Down\" (May 1999), \"\" (November 2005) and \"\" (October 2006).", "Human Nature (band) __knowledge__ Two other albums reached number two, \"Get Ready\" (November 2007) and \"Jukebox\" (October 2014).", "Human Nature (band) __knowledge__ Their top 10 hits on the related ARIA Singles Chart are \"Wishes\" (October 1996), \"Don't Say Goodbye\" (March 1997), \"Everytime You Cry\" (duet with John Farnham, October 1997), \"Don't Cry\" (July 1999), \"Eternal Flame\" (October 1999), \"He Don't Love You\" (November 2000) and \"When You Say You Love Me\" (April 2004).", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ My Friend The Chocolate Cake is an Australian musical group based in Melbourne.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ They have recorded seven albums since being founded in 1989 by David Bridie and Helen Mountfort.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ The band has won two ARIA Music Awards for Best Adult Contemporary Album, for \"Brood\" in 1995 and \"Good Luck\" in 1997.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ Bridie and Mountfort had been members of the internationally acclaimed ambient/world music ensemble Not Drowning, Waving since 1983.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ In 1989, Bridie took a holiday in New Zealand and wrote \"a few more breezy compositions\" that did not fit into the Not Drowning, Waving style.", "My Friend the Chocolate Cake __knowledge__ The side-project that he and Mountfort formed that year, My Friend The Chocolate Cake, took its name from a song title by an obscure Sydney band Ya Ya Coralle.", "Spiderbait __knowledge__ Spiderbait are an Australian alternative rock band formed in Finley, a small town in rural New South Wales, in 1991 by bass guitarist Janet English, singer-drummer Mark Maher (better known as Kram), and guitarist Damian Whitty.", "Spiderbait __knowledge__ In 2004 the group's cover version of the 1930s Lead Belly song \"Black Betty\" reached number one on the ARIA Singles Chart.", "Spiderbait __knowledge__ They have five top 20 albums: \"The Unfinished Spanish Galleon of Finley Lake\" (1995), \"Ivy and the Big Apples\" (1996), \"Grand Slam\" (1999), \"Tonight Alright\" (2004), and \"Greatest Hits\" (2005).", "Spiderbait __knowledge__ The group have won two ARIA Music Awards with the first in 1997 as 'Best Alternative Release' for \"Ivy and the Big Apples\" and the second in 2000 as 'Best Cover Art' for their single \"Glokenpop\".", "John Williamson (singer) __knowledge__ John Robert Williamson AM (born 1 November 1945 in Kerang, Victoria) is an Australian country music and folk music singer-songwriter.", "John Williamson (singer) __knowledge__ Williamson has released over forty albums, ten videos, five DVDs, and two lyric books.", "John Williamson (singer) __knowledge__ His top 10 albums on the ARIA Charts are \"Mallee Boy\" (1986), \"Boomerang Cafe\" (1988), \"Warragul\" (No.", "John Williamson (singer) __knowledge__ 1, 1989), \"Pipe Dream\" (1997), \"The Way It Is\" (1999), \"True Blue Two\" (compilation, 2003) and \"Hillbilly Road\" (2008).", "John Williamson (singer) __knowledge__ On Australia Day (26 January) 1992 Williamson was made a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) with the citation: \"for service to Australian country music and in stimulating awareness of conservation issues\".", "Sarah Blasko __knowledge__ Sarah Blasko (born Sarah Elizabeth Blaskow, 23 September 1976) is an Australian singer-songwriter, musician and producer.", "Sarah Blasko __knowledge__ From April 2002 Blasko developed her solo career after fronting Sydney-based band, Acquiesce, between the mid-1990s and 2001.", "Sarah Blasko __knowledge__ She had performed under her then-married name, Sarah Semmens, and, after leaving Acquiesce, as Sorija in a briefly existing duo of that name.", "Sarah Blasko __knowledge__ As a solo artist Blasko has released five studio albums, \"The Overture & the Underscore\" (11 October 2004), \"What the Sea Wants, the Sea Will Have\" (21 October 2006) – which peaked at No.", "Sarah Blasko __knowledge__ 7 on the ARIA Albums Chart, \"As Day Follows Night\" (10 July 2009) – which reached No." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 20, 38, 8 ]

[ "I know mine too! it is also called chocolate gateau (from french words) and it is a cake flavored with either meltd chocolate, cocoa powder, or both.", "You should chocolate cake has a history! It goes back to 1794 when Dr. James baker discovered how to make chocolate by grinding cocoa beans between two massive circular milstones. It's been around for a while so as you can imagine thousands of recipes have come up since that time", "The only book on chocolate i have is one on keto, but you dont want to try it unless you are ACTUALLY on keto because it will taste a little different haha. But there is a band in melbourne austrailia called My Friend the Chocolate Cake. Would be funny if their favorite cake was strawberry though ", "They are a contemporary band! They won two ARIA music awards for it. Two of their albums are \"Brood\" and \"Good Luck\" :)", "Both. I can eat chocolate cake for breakfast LOL! But that wasnt possible for those in the 1800s because until around 1900 chocolate recies were mostly for drinks and whe it came to cakes it was only in fillings and glazes. That is upsetting to hear but at least we know better now haha." ]

[ "Chocolate cake", "Chocolate cake", "Chocolate cake", "Chocolate cake", "Chocolate cake" ]

[ "Blue\nBlue is my favorite color.", "I like Blue cause it is the color of my eyes.", "Blue", "I painted my room blue last week." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Pink __knowledge__ Pink is a pale red color that is named after a flower of the same name.", "Pink __knowledge__ It was first used as a color name in the late 17th century.", "Pink __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the United States, pink is the color most often associated with charm, politeness, sensitivity, tenderness, sweetness, childhood, femininity and the romantic.", "Pink __knowledge__ It is associated with chastity and innocence when combined with white, but associated with eroticism and seduction when combined with purple or black.", "Pink __knowledge__ The color pink is named after the flowers, pinks, flowering plants in the genus \"Dianthus,\" and derives from the frilled edge of the flowers.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color psychology is the study of hues as a determinant of human behavior.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color influences perceptions that are not obvious, such as the taste of food.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colours can also enhance the effectiveness of placebos.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For example, red or orange pills are generally used as stimulants.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colour can indeed influence a person; however, it is important to remember that these effects differ between people.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Factors such as gender, age, and culture can influence how an individual perceives color.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For instance, heterosexual men tend to report that red outfits enhance female attractiveness, while heterosexual females deny any outfit color impacting that of men.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ Carole is a bright African American girl with a natural riding ability.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ She became devastated when her mother died of cancer, and when Cobalt died, she almost gave up riding.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ But her father, U.S. Marine Colonel Mitch Hanson, reminded Carole that her mother would have wanted her to follow her passion.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ With money left by her mother, she bought a buckskin gelding, Starlight.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ Carole knows her future lies with horses, but there are many paths to follow and she does not know which road to take.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ Her grades are high enough for her to become a veterinarian but she would also love to breed and train Thoroughbreds.", "Grey __knowledge__ Grey (British English) or gray (American English; see spelling differences) is an intermediate color between black and white.", "Grey __knowledge__ It is a neutral or achromatic color, meaning literally that it is a color \"without color.\"", "Grey __knowledge__ It is the color of a cloud-covered sky, of ash and of lead.", "Grey __knowledge__ The first recorded use of \"grey\" as a color name in the English language was in AD 700.", "Grey __knowledge__ \"Grey\" is the dominant spelling in European and Commonwealth English, although \"gray\" remained in common usage in the UK until the second half of the 20th century.", "Grey __knowledge__ \"Gray\" has been the preferred American spelling since approximately 1825, although \"grey\" is an accepted variant.", "Brown __knowledge__ Brown is a composite color.", "Brown __knowledge__ In the CMYK color model used in printing or painting, brown is made by combining red, black, and yellow, or red, yellow, and blue.", "Brown __knowledge__ In the RGB color model used to project colors onto television screens and computer monitors, brown is made by combining red and green, in specific proportions.", "Brown __knowledge__ The brown color is seen widely in nature, in wood, soil, human hair color, eye color and skin pigmentation.", "Brown __knowledge__ Brown is the color of dark wood or rich soil.", "Brown __knowledge__ According to public opinion surveys in Europe and the United States, brown is the least favorite color of the public; the color is most often associated with plainness, the rustic, feces, and poverty.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ Diva Starz was a series of fashion dolls created and released by Mattel during the Christmas shopping season of 2000.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ They are similar in design to the MGA Entertainment Bratz dolls released in 2001, and the Flavas dolls released by Mattel in 2003.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ Original four dolls, Alexa, Nikki, Summer, and Tia (Summer was later replaced by Miranda) were offered in the original debut.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ The line was discontinued in 2004.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ Each doll is approximately tall, with plastic clothing and combable hair.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ The owner can change the doll's outfits by snapping on different pieces of clothing.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ By using small metal contacts in the clothing and on the body, the doll \"knows\" which garment it is wearing, and will respond accordingly.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ Mattel's fashion doll franchise \"Monster High\" features a variety of fictional characters, many of whom are students at the titular high school.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The female characters are classified as Ghouls and the male characters are classified as Mansters.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The characters are generally the sons and daughters, or related to monsters that have been popularized in fiction.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The franchise's official website identifies six of the characters as Original Ghouls.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ In addition to the listed Ghouls and Mansters, there are other characters who have been introduced in the franchise's related media including the web/video and book series." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Eye color __knowledge__ Eye color is a polygenic phenotypic character determined by two distinct factors: the pigmentation of the eye's iris and the frequency-dependence of the scattering of light by the turbid medium in the stroma of the iris.", "Eye color __knowledge__ In humans, the pigmentation of the iris varies from light brown to black, depending on the concentration of melanin in the iris pigment epithelium (located on the back of the iris), the melanin content within the iris stroma (located at the front of the iris), and the cellular density of the stroma.", "Eye color __knowledge__ The appearance of blue and green, as well as hazel eyes, results from the Tyndall scattering of light in the stroma, a phenomenon similar to that which accounts for the blueness of the sky called Rayleigh scattering.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ This is a list of aliens on Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10 franchise\".", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Voiced by: Heatblast is a Pyronite from the star Pyros.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ He appears as a magma-based lifeform whose body is composed of a bright inner magma body covered by a reddish-brown charcoal-like crust.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is essentially \"living magma\", thus everything he touches either melts or catches fire.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ In the original series, he is the tenth alien in the Omnitrix.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is Ben's first transformation, accidentally activated and started a wildfire in the pilot episode of the original series, \"And Then There Were 10\" when Ben was trying to remove the Omnitrix immediately after it first attached to him.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Of the thousands of people murdered every year in the United States, some remain unidentified.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Many victims are not identified for years or even decades after they were killed—as in the case of Tammy Jo Alexander, who was murdered in 1979 and remained unidentified until 2015.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Including both murder victims and those who died of other causes, about 40,000 bodies remain unidentified in the United States.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The body of a white female aged thirty-four to thirty-eight was found in Slaughter Creek, near the Sipsey River in Romulus, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama on April 18, 1982.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The victim had been beaten, strangled and sexually assaulted.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color psychology is the study of hues as a determinant of human behavior.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color influences perceptions that are not obvious, such as the taste of food.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colours can also enhance the effectiveness of placebos.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For example, red or orange pills are generally used as stimulants.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colour can indeed influence a person; however, it is important to remember that these effects differ between people.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Factors such as gender, age, and culture can influence how an individual perceives color.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For instance, heterosexual men tend to report that red outfits enhance female attractiveness, while heterosexual females deny any outfit color impacting that of men.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Green __knowledge__ Green is the color between blue and yellow on the visible spectrum.", "Green __knowledge__ It is evoked by light which has a dominant wavelength of roughly 495570 nm.", "Green __knowledge__ In subtractive color systems, used in painting and color printing, it is created by a combination of yellow and blue, or yellow and cyan; in the RGB color model, used on television and computer screens, it is one of the additive primary colors, along with red and blue, which are mixed in different combinations to create all other colors.", "Green __knowledge__ By far the largest contributor to green in nature is chlorophyll, the chemical by which plants photosynthesize and convert sunlight into chemical energy.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ An unidentified decedent, or UID, is a deceased person whose legal identity is unable to be determined by law enforcement.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ Although the majority of individuals are identified soon after their bodies are recovered, it is not uncommon for bodies to remain unidentified for years or even decades.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ There are approximately 40,000 unidentified decedents in the United States at any given time.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ A deceased body can be identified in several different ways.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ Most commonly, a relative of the deceased identifies the body by sight.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ However, if a body is decomposed, skeletal, or unrecognizable due to severe facial trauma at the time of recovery, other methods must be used.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The RGB color model is an additive color model in which red, green and blue light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The name of the model comes from the initials of the three additive primary colors, red, green, and blue.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The main purpose of the RGB color model is for the sensing, representation and display of images in electronic systems, such as televisions and computers, though it has also been used in conventional photography.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ Before the electronic age, the RGB color model already had a solid theory behind it, based in human perception of colors.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ RGB is a \"device-dependent\" color model: different devices detect or reproduce a given RGB value differently, since the color elements (such as phosphors or dyes) and their response to the individual R, G, and B levels vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, or even in the same device over time.", "Color theory __knowledge__ In the visual arts, color theory or colour theory is a body of practical guidance to color mixing and the visual effects of a specific color combination.", "Color theory __knowledge__ There are also definitions (or categories) of colors based on the color wheel: primary color, secondary color and tertiary color.", "Color theory __knowledge__ Although color theory principles first appeared in the writings of Leone Battista Alberti (c.1435) and the notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci (c.1490), a tradition of \"colory theory\" began in the 18th century, initially within a partisan controversy over Isaac Newton's theory of color (\"Opticks\", 1704) and the nature of primary colors.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Complementary colors are pairs of colors which, when combined, cancel each other out.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ This means that when combined, they produce a gray-scale color like white or black.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ When placed next to each other, they create the strongest contrast for those particular two colors.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Due to this striking color clash, the term opposite colors is often considered more appropriate than \"complementary colors\".", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Which pairs of colors are considered complementary depends on the color theory one uses: On the traditional color wheel developed in the 18th century, used by Claude Monet and Vincent van Gogh and other painters, and still used by many artists today, the primary colors were considered to be red, yellow, and blue, and the primary–secondary complementary pairs are red–green (Christmas), blue-orange (Westwood), and yellow–purple (Mesa High).", "Color space __knowledge__ A color space is a specific organization of colors.", "Color space __knowledge__ In combination with physical device profiling, it allows for reproducible representations of color, in both analog and digital representations.", "Color space __knowledge__ A color space may be arbitrary, with particular colors assigned to a set of physical color swatches and corresponding assigned names or numbers such as with the Pantone collection, or structured mathematically, as with NCS System, Adobe RGB or sRGB.", "Color space __knowledge__ A color model is an abstract mathematical model describing the way colors can be represented as tuples of numbers (e.g.", "Color space __knowledge__ triples in RGB or quadruples in CMYK); however, a color model with no associated mapping function to an absolute color space is a more or less arbitrary color system with no connection to any globally understood system of color interpretation.", "RGB color space __knowledge__ An RGB color space is any additive color space based on the RGB color model.", "RGB color space __knowledge__ A particular RGB color space is defined by the three chromaticities of the red, green, and blue additive primaries, and can produce any chromaticity that is the triangle defined by those primary colors.", "RGB color space __knowledge__ The complete specification of an RGB color space also requires a white point chromaticity and a gamma correction curve.", "RGB color space __knowledge__ As of 2007, sRGB is by far the most commonly used RGB color space.", "RGB color space __knowledge__ RGB is an abbreviation for red–green–blue.", "RGB color space __knowledge__ An RGB color can be understood by thinking of it as all possible colors that can be made from three colored lights for red, green, and blue." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ Many languages do not distinguish between what in English are described as \"blue\" and \"green\" and instead use a cover term spanning both.", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ To describe this English lexical gap, linguists use the portmanteau word \"grue\", from \"green\" and \"blue\", which the philosopher Nelson Goodman coined in his 1955 \"Fact, Fiction, and Forecast\" to illustrate the \"new riddle of induction\".", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ The exact definition of \"blue\" and \"green\" may be complicated by the speakers not primarily distinguishing the hue, but using terms that describe other color components such as saturation and luminosity, or other properties of the object being described.", "2016 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ The 2016 Toronto Blue Jays season was the 40th season of the franchise in the American League East division of Major League Baseball, and the 27th full season of play (28th overall) at Rogers Centre.", "2016 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ They advanced to the playoffs where they defeated the Baltimore Orioles in the Wild Card Game and the Texas Rangers in the Division Series, before losing to the Cleveland Indians in five games in the American League Championship Series.", "2016 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ General manager Alex Anthopoulos rejected a five-year contract extension on October 29, 2015, and team president Paul Beeston retired on October 31.", "2016 Toronto Blue Jays season __knowledge__ New Blue Jays president and CEO Mark Shapiro, who assumed the roles on November 2, 2015, announced that Tony LaCava was assigned as the interim general manager and that John Gibbons would remain as the manager.", "Duke Blue Devils football __knowledge__ The Duke Blue Devils football team represents Duke University in the sport of American football.", "Duke Blue Devils football __knowledge__ The Blue Devils compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Coastal Division of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC).", "Duke Blue Devils football __knowledge__ The program has 17 conference championships (7 ACC championships and 10 Southern Conference titles), 53 All-Americans, 10 ACC Players of the Year (the most in the ACC), and have had three Pro Football Hall of Famers come through the program (second in the ACC to only Miami's four).", "Duke Blue Devils football __knowledge__ The team is currently coached by David Cutcliffe and play their home games at Wallace Wade Stadium in Durham, North Carolina.", "Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ The Toronto Blue Jays are a Canadian professional baseball team based in Toronto, Ontario.", "Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ The Blue Jays compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division.", "Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the Rogers Centre.", "Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ The \"Blue Jays\" name originates from the bird of the same name, and blue is also the traditional colour of two of Toronto's other professional sports teams: the Maple Leafs (ice hockey) and the Argonauts (Canadian football).", "Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ In addition, the team was originally owned by the Labatt Brewing Company, makers of the popular beer Labatt's Blue.", "Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ Colloquially nicknamed the \"Jays\", the team's official colours are royal blue, navy blue, red, and white.", "Blue whale __knowledge__ The blue whale (\"Balaenoptera musculus\") is a marine mammal belonging to the baleen whales (Mysticeti).", "Blue whale __knowledge__ At up to in length and with a maximum recorded weight of and probably reaching over , it is the largest animal known to have ever existed.", "Blue whale __knowledge__ Long and slender, the blue whale's body can be various shades of bluish-grey dorsally and somewhat lighter underneath.", "Blue whale __knowledge__ There are at least three distinct subspecies: \"B. m. musculus\" of the North Atlantic and North Pacific, \"B. m. intermedia\" of the Southern Ocean and \"B. m. brevicauda\" (also known as the pygmy blue whale) found in the Indian Ocean and South Pacific Ocean.", "Blue Peter __knowledge__ Blue Peter is a British children's television programme, currently shown live on the CBBC television channel.", "Blue Peter __knowledge__ A significant part of British culture, it first aired in 1958 and is the longest-running children's TV show in the world.", "Blue Peter __knowledge__ Although the show has a nautical title and theme, it is a magazine/entertainment show containing viewer and presenter challenges, as well as the famous arts and crafts \"makes\".", "Blue Peter __knowledge__ During its history there have been many presenters, currently Lindsey Russell and Radzi Chinyanganya.", "Blue Peter __knowledge__ The show is produced mainly in a television studio, but there is also a garden, often referred to as the Blue Peter Garden, used during the summer and for outdoor activities.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ A rainbow is a meteorological phenomenon that is caused by reflection, refraction and dispersion of light in water droplets resulting in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ It takes the form of a multicoloured circular arc.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ Rainbows caused by sunlight always appear in the section of sky directly opposite the sun.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ Rainbows can be full circles.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ However, the observer normally sees only an arc formed by illuminated droplets above the ground, and centered on a line from the sun to the observer's eye.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ In a primary rainbow, the arc shows red on the outer part and violet on the inner side.", "Rainbow __knowledge__ This rainbow is caused by light being refracted when entering a droplet of water, then reflected inside on the back of the droplet and refracted again when leaving it.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red.", "Purple __knowledge__ It is similar to violet, but unlike violet, which is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light, purple is a composite color made by combining red and blue.", "Purple __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the U.S., purple is the color most often associated with royalty, magic, mystery and piety.", "Purple __knowledge__ When combined with pink, it is associated with eroticism, femininity and seduction.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops.", "Violet (color) __knowledge__ Violet is the color at the end of the visible spectrum of light between blue and the invisible ultraviolet.", "Violet (color) __knowledge__ Violet color has a dominant wavelength of approximately 380-450 nanometers.", "Violet (color) __knowledge__ Light with a shorter wavelength than violet but longer than X-rays and gamma rays is called ultraviolet.", "Violet (color) __knowledge__ In the color wheel historically used by painters, it is located between blue and purple.", "Violet (color) __knowledge__ On the screens of computer monitors and television sets, a color which looks similar to violet is made, with the RGB color model, by mixing red and blue light, with the blue twice as bright as the red.", "Violet (color) __knowledge__ This is not true violet, since it is composed of multiple longer wavelengths rather than a single wavelength shorter than that of blue light.", "On Vision and Colors __knowledge__ On Vision and Colors () is a treatise by Arthur Schopenhauer that was published in May 1816 when the author was 28 years old.", "On Vision and Colors __knowledge__ Schopenhauer had extensive discussions with Johann Wolfgang von Goethe about the poet's \"Theory of Colours\" of 1810, in the months around the turn of the years 1813 and 1814, and basically shared Goethe's views.", "On Vision and Colors __knowledge__ Schopenhauer tried to demonstrate physiologically that color is \"specially modified activity of the retina.\"", "On Vision and Colors __knowledge__ The initial basis for Schopenhauer's color theory comes from Goethe's chapter on physiological colors, which discusses three principal pairs of contrasting colors: red/green, orange/blue, and yellow/violet.", "Color __knowledge__ Color (American English) or colour (Commonwealth English) is the characteristic of human visual perception described through color \"categories\", with names such as red, blue, yellow, green, orange, or purple.", "Color __knowledge__ This perception of color derives from the stimulation of cone cells in the human eye by electromagnetic radiation in the spectrum of light.", "Color __knowledge__ Color categories and physical specifications of color are associated with objects through the wavelength of the light that is reflected from them.", "Color __knowledge__ This reflection is governed by the object's physical properties such as light absorption, emission spectra, etc.", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ Star Sapphire is the name of several fictional characters in DC Comics; many of them are villainous, and all connected in origin.", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ Within DC continuity, an immortal race of warrior women (the Zamarons) were depicted as having the ancient tradition of choosing physically identical mortals from across the cosmos to serve as the host body for their queen.", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ The woman chosen to serve this queen is called \"Star Sapphire\".", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ She is given the queen's symbolic weapon; a crystal resembling an actual star sapphire that grants the user powers similar to the power ring of Green Lanterns.", "Star Sapphire (comics) __knowledge__ In the 2000s the term came to refer to the Star Sapphires, an organization whose members in part include women previously depicted as the singular Star Sapphire in DC titles." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Vice Media __knowledge__ Vice Media LLC is a North American digital media and broadcasting company.", "Vice Media __knowledge__ Originating from the Montreal-based \"Vice\" magazine co-founded by Suroosh Alvi, Shane Smith, and Gavin McInnes (who left the company in 2008), Vice expanded primarily into youth and young adult–focused digital media, including online content verticals and related web series, the news division Vice News, a film production studio, and a record label among other properties.", "Vice Media __knowledge__ In 2015 Vice Media was called \"[arguably] a poster child for new-media success—especially when it comes to attracting a valuable millennial audience.\"", "Vice Media __knowledge__ In February 2016, Vice Media launched a cable television network in Canada and the United States known as Viceland—a millennial-targeted network which draws upon the resources of the lifestyle-oriented verticals of Vice.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 4 is the eleventh season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Olivia Ward, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It premiered on January 4, 2011.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ Along with existing trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels, two new trainers (Cara Castronuova and Brett Hoebel) will be featured who were revealed in Week 3.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ One of the featured contestants is Rulon Gardner, a former gold medalist at the 2000 Summer Olympics.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It was the longest season in Biggest Loser history at 20 weeks long.", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ Last Week Tonight with John Oliver (often abridged as Last Week Tonight) is an American late-night talk and news satire television program hosted by comedian John Oliver.", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ The half-hour-long show premiered on Sunday, April 27, 2014, on HBO.", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ \"Last Week Tonight\" shares some similarities with Comedy Central's \"The Daily Show\" (where Oliver was previously featured as a correspondent and fill-in host), as it takes a satirical look at news, politics and current events, but on a weekly basis.", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ Oliver has stated that he has \"full creative freedom, including free rein to criticize corporations.\"", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ His initial contract with HBO was for two years with an option for extension.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Second Chances is the eighth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Danny Cahill, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ This season premiered on NBC on Tuesday, September 15, 2009.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The season's theme meant that each of the candidates had met with heartbreak and tragedy during their lifetime.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ Among notable stories, Shay Sorrells grew up in foster care while her mother unsuccessfully struggled with heroin addiction, while Abby Rike lost her husband and children in a head-on collision caused by a speeding driver.", "Jorge Fernando Barbosa Intima __knowledge__ Jorge Fernando Barbosa Intima (born 21 September 1995), known as Jorginho, is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays for G.D. Chaves on loan from French club AS Saint-Étienne as a winger.", "Jorge Fernando Barbosa Intima __knowledge__ Born in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau, Jorginho came through the youth ranks at Manchester City after signing at the age of 17.", "Jorge Fernando Barbosa Intima __knowledge__ After agreeing to a one-year contract extension on 7 July 2015, he was limited to reserve team football.", "Jorge Fernando Barbosa Intima __knowledge__ In the very last minutes of the 2016 winter transfer window, Jorginho moved to Portugal and joined F.C.", "Jorge Fernando Barbosa Intima __knowledge__ Arouca on a three-and-a-half-year deal.", "Jorge Fernando Barbosa Intima __knowledge__ He made his Primeira Liga debut on 7 February, coming on as an 78th-minute substitute in a 2–1 away win against FC Porto.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ Eglin Air Force Base, a United States Air Force base located southwest of Valparaiso, Florida, was established in 1935 as the Valparaiso Bombing and Gunnery Base.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ It is named in honor of Lieutenant Colonel Frederick I. Eglin (1891–1937), who was killed in a crash of his Northrop A-17 pursuit aircraft on a flight from Langley to Maxwell Field, Alabama.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ Eglin is the home of the Air Armament Center (AAC) and is one of three product centers in the Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC).", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ Valparaiso Airport was created in 1933, when an arrowhead-shaped parcel of was cleared for use as an airdrome.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ In 1931, the Air Corps Tactical School, newly relocated to Maxwell Field, Alabama, sought a location for a bombing and gunnery range.", "International Ultraviolet Explorer __knowledge__ The International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) was an astronomical observatory satellite primarily designed to take ultraviolet spectra.", "International Ultraviolet Explorer __knowledge__ The satellite was a collaborative project between NASA, the UK Science Research Council and the European Space Agency (ESA).", "International Ultraviolet Explorer __knowledge__ The mission was first proposed in early 1964, by a group of scientists in the United Kingdom, and was launched on January 26, 1978 aboard a NASA Delta rocket.", "International Ultraviolet Explorer __knowledge__ The mission lifetime was initially set for 3 years, but in the end it lasted almost 18 years, with the satellite being shut down in 1996.", "International Ultraviolet Explorer __knowledge__ The switch-off occurred for financial reasons, while the telescope was still functioning at near original efficiency.", "Color __knowledge__ Color (American English) or colour (Commonwealth English) is the characteristic of human visual perception described through color \"categories\", with names such as red, blue, yellow, green, orange, or purple.", "Color __knowledge__ This perception of color derives from the stimulation of cone cells in the human eye by electromagnetic radiation in the spectrum of light.", "Color __knowledge__ Color categories and physical specifications of color are associated with objects through the wavelength of the light that is reflected from them.", "Color __knowledge__ This reflection is governed by the object's physical properties such as light absorption, emission spectra, etc.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Ultraviolet (UV) is an electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ UV radiation constitutes about 10% of the total light output of the Sun, and is thus present in sunlight.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ It is also produced by electric arcs and specialized lights, such as mercury-vapor lamps, tanning lamps, and black lights.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Although it's not considered an ionizing radiation because its photons lack the energy to ionize atoms, long-wavelength ultraviolet radiation can cause chemical reactions and causes many substances to glow or fluoresce.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Consequently, the chemical and biological effects of UV are greater than simple heating effects, and many practical applications of UV radiation derive from its interactions with organic molecules.", "Orange (colour) __knowledge__ Orange is the colour between yellow and red on the spectrum of visible light.", "Orange (colour) __knowledge__ Human eyes perceive orange when observing light with a dominant wavelength between roughly 585 and 620 nanometres.", "Orange (colour) __knowledge__ In painting and traditional colour theory, it is a secondary colour of pigments, created by mixing red and yellow.", "Orange (colour) __knowledge__ It is named after the fruit of the same name.", "Orange (colour) __knowledge__ The orange colour of carrots, pumpkins, sweet potatoes, oranges, and many other fruits and vegetables comes from carotenes, a type of photosynthetic pigment.", "Orange (colour) __knowledge__ These pigments convert the light energy that the plants absorb from the sun into chemical energy for the plants' growth.", "Light __knowledge__ Light is electromagnetic radiation within a certain portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.", "Light __knowledge__ The word usually refers to visible light, which is visible to the human eye and is responsible for the sense of sight.", "Light __knowledge__ Visible light is usually defined as having wavelengths in the range of 400–700 nanometres (nm), or 4.00 × 10 to 7.00 × 10 m, between the infrared (with longer wavelengths) and the ultraviolet (with shorter wavelengths).", "Light __knowledge__ This wavelength means a frequency range of roughly 430–750 terahertz (THz).", "Light __knowledge__ The main source of light on Earth is the Sun.", "Light __knowledge__ Sunlight provides the energy that green plants use to create sugars mostly in the form of starches, which release energy into the living things that digest them.", "Optics __knowledge__ Optics is the branch of physics which involves the behaviour and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it.", "Optics __knowledge__ Optics usually describes the behaviour of visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light.", "Optics __knowledge__ Because light is an electromagnetic wave, other forms of electromagnetic radiation such as X-rays, microwaves, and radio waves exhibit similar properties.", "Optics __knowledge__ Most optical phenomena can be accounted for using the classical electromagnetic description of light.", "Optics __knowledge__ Complete electromagnetic descriptions of light are, however, often difficult to apply in practice." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 4 ]

[ "That's cool. Blue is one of the three primary colors in traditional color theory and the RGB color model.", "Nice, I like blue as well. It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of viewable light.", "The eye can perceive blue by observing light with a wavelength between 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Nice, most blues contain a mixture of other colors. Usually green and violet are mixed in." ]

[ "Blue", "Blue", "Blue", "Blue" ]

[ "Housewife", "Yes I can imagine! There is so much work involved with a house and having kids.", "Yes, it is a new thing with more woman working. It's a lot of work to stay home thought. I think I would get tired of it.", "Yeah, some people have extreme opinions. I think there is a more even playing field these days." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Housewife __knowledge__ A housewife is a woman whose occupation is running or managing her family's home—caring for her children; buying, cooking, and storing food for the family; buying goods that the family needs in everyday life; housekeeping and maintaining the home; and making clothes for the family—and who is not employed outside the home.", "Housewife __knowledge__ A housewife may also be called a \"stay-at-home mother\" or \"SAHM\", and a househusband may be called a \"male homemaker\", \"stay-at-home father\", or \"SAHD\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ \"Webster's Dictionary\" describes a housewife as a married woman who is in charge of her household.", "Housewife __knowledge__ The British \"Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary\" (1901) defined a housewife as: \"the mistress of a household; a female domestic manager; a pocket sewing kit\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ A small sewing kit is sometimes called a \"housewife\" or \"hussif\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ Some feminists and non-feminist economists (particularly proponents of historical materialism, the methodological approach of Marxist historiography) note that the value of housewives' work is ignored in standard formulations of economic output, such as GDP or employment figures.", "Housewife __knowledge__ Housewives work many unpaid hours a week, often depending on income from their husband's employment for financial support." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Housewife __knowledge__ A housewife is a woman whose occupation is running or managing her family's home—caring for her children; buying, cooking, and storing food for the family; buying goods that the family needs in everyday life; housekeeping and maintaining the home; and making clothes for the family—and who is not employed outside the home.", "Housewife __knowledge__ A housewife may also be called a \"stay-at-home mother\" or \"SAHM\", and a househusband may be called a \"male homemaker\", \"stay-at-home father\", or \"SAHD\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ \"Webster's Dictionary\" describes a housewife as a married woman who is in charge of her household.", "Housewife __knowledge__ The British \"Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary\" (1901) defined a housewife as: \"the mistress of a household; a female domestic manager; a pocket sewing kit\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ A small sewing kit is sometimes called a \"housewife\" or \"hussif\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ Some feminists and non-feminist economists (particularly proponents of historical materialism, the methodological approach of Marxist historiography) note that the value of housewives' work is ignored in standard formulations of economic output, such as GDP or employment figures.", "Housewife __knowledge__ Housewives work many unpaid hours a week, often depending on income from their husband's employment for financial support.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Yoko Ono __knowledge__ Yoko Ono (born February 18, 1933) is a Japanese multimedia artist, singer, songwriter, and peace activist who is also known for her work in performance art and filmmaking.", "Yoko Ono __knowledge__ She performs in both English and Japanese.", "Yoko Ono __knowledge__ She is known for being the second wife and widow of singer-songwriter John Lennon of the Beatles.", "Yoko Ono __knowledge__ Ono grew up in Tokyo and also spent several formative years in New York City.", "Yoko Ono __knowledge__ She studied at Gakushuin, but withdrew from her course after two years and moved to New York in 1953 to live with her family.", "Yoko Ono __knowledge__ She spent some time at Sarah Lawrence College and then became involved in New York City's downtown artists scene, which included the Fluxus group.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Kids Can Say No! __knowledge__ Kids Can Say No!, stylized as \"Kids Can Say No,\" is a 1985 British short educational film produced and directed by Jessica Skippon and written by Anita Bennett.", "Kids Can Say No! __knowledge__ It is intended to teach children between ages five and eight how to avoid situations where they might be sexually abused, how to escape such situations, and how to get help if they are abused.", "Kids Can Say No! __knowledge__ In the film, Australian celebrity Rolf Harris is in a park with a group of four children and tells them about proper and improper physical intimacy, which he calls \"yes\" and \"no\" feelings.", "Kids Can Say No! __knowledge__ The film has four role-playing scenes in which children encounter paedophiles, with Harris and the children discussing each scene.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ This is a history of women in the United States since 1776, and of the Thirteen Colonies before that.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ The reliable sources on the topic were thin before the 1960s.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ Since then the study of women's history has been a major scholarly and popular field, with many scholarly books and articles, museum exhibits, and courses in schools and universities.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ The roles of women were long ignored in textbooks and popular histories.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ By the 1960s, women were being presented as successful as male roles.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ An early feminist approach underscored their victimization and inferior status at the hands of men.", "History of women in the United States __knowledge__ In the 21st century writers have emphasized the distinctive strengths displayed inside the community of women, with special concern for minorities among women.", "Double burden __knowledge__ Double burden is a term used to describe the workload of people who work to earn money, but who are also responsible for significant amounts of unpaid domestic labor.", "Double burden __knowledge__ This phenomenon is also known as \"The Second Shift\" as in Arlie Hochschild's book of the same name.", "Double burden __knowledge__ In couples where both partners have paid jobs, women often spend significantly more time than men on household chores and caring work, such as childrearing or caring for sick family members.", "Double burden __knowledge__ This outcome is determined in large part by traditional gender roles that have been accepted by society over time.", "Double burden __knowledge__ Labor market constraints also play a role in determining who does the bulk of unpaid work.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Housewife __knowledge__ A housewife is a woman whose occupation is running or managing her family's home—caring for her children; buying, cooking, and storing food for the family; buying goods that the family needs in everyday life; housekeeping and maintaining the home; and making clothes for the family—and who is not employed outside the home.", "Housewife __knowledge__ A housewife may also be called a \"stay-at-home mother\" or \"SAHM\", and a househusband may be called a \"male homemaker\", \"stay-at-home father\", or \"SAHD\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ \"Webster's Dictionary\" describes a housewife as a married woman who is in charge of her household.", "Housewife __knowledge__ The British \"Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary\" (1901) defined a housewife as: \"the mistress of a household; a female domestic manager; a pocket sewing kit\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ A small sewing kit is sometimes called a \"housewife\" or \"hussif\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ Some feminists and non-feminist economists (particularly proponents of historical materialism, the methodological approach of Marxist historiography) note that the value of housewives' work is ignored in standard formulations of economic output, such as GDP or employment figures.", "Housewife __knowledge__ Housewives work many unpaid hours a week, often depending on income from their husband's employment for financial support.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "World Hepatitis Alliance __knowledge__ The World Hepatitis Alliance (WHA) is an international non-governmental organisation best known for its role in advocating and awareness-raising for the elimination of viral hepatitis.", "World Hepatitis Alliance __knowledge__ The organisation represents 249 members from 84 countries worldwide.", "World Hepatitis Alliance __knowledge__ WHA holds official relations status at the World Health Organization (WHO), and consultative status at the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC).", "World Hepatitis Alliance __knowledge__ In 2006, hepatitis patient groups began working to raise awareness of the issue by advocating for the establishment of a global World Hepatitis Day.", "World Hepatitis Alliance __knowledge__ Subsequently, in 2007, these groups formed the World Hepatitis Alliance to manage, organise and promote World Hepatitis Day.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ In July 2012, a storyline began in the British soap opera \"EastEnders\" in which the character Kat Moon, played by Jessie Wallace, embarks on an affair behind her husband Alfie Moon's (Shane Richie) back, with an unknown person.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ The suspects named were Ray Dixon (Chucky Venn), Michael Moon (Steve John Shepherd), Max Branning (Jake Wood), Derek Branning (Jamie Foreman) and Jack Branning (Scott Maslen).", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ Ray was the first suspect to be eliminated, on 7 August, followed by Michael on 14 September.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ The mystery man was revealed as Derek in the 20 December episode.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ Richie dubbed the storyline \"Who's Been Sleeping with Kat?", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of The Osbournes episodes __knowledge__ This page is an episode guide to all 52 episodes of the reality television series \"The Osbournes\".", "List of The Osbournes episodes __knowledge__ The debut episode opens with a brief introduction of the family with a voice-over and scenes of each member.", "List of The Osbournes episodes __knowledge__ After the introductions, the episode deals with the family moving into their new Beverly Hills home.", "List of The Osbournes episodes __knowledge__ The family deal with problems that could arise from such a situation - finding valuable furniture broken due to lousy packing and trying to set up the TV with no instructions.", "List of The Osbournes episodes __knowledge__ Ozzy appears on \"The Tonight Show with Jay Leno\" as a performer.", "List of The Osbournes episodes __knowledge__ Kelly and Sharon come with Ozzy to the show, but Jack stays at home, watching a documentary about marijuana instead.", "World Hepatitis Day __knowledge__ World Hepatitis Day, observed on July 28 every year, aims to raise global awareness of hepatitis — a group of infectious diseases known as Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E — and encourage prevention, diagnosis and treatment.", "World Hepatitis Day __knowledge__ Hepatitis affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide, causing acute and chronic disease and killing close to 1.4 million people every year.", "World Hepatitis Day __knowledge__ World Hepatitis Day is one of eight official global public health campaigns marked by the World Health Organization (WHO), along with World Health Day, World Blood Donor Day, World Immunization Week, World Tuberculosis Day, World No Tobacco Day, World Malaria Day and World AIDS Day.", "Stay-at-home dad __knowledge__ A stay-at-home dad (alternatively, stay at home father, house dad, SAHD, househusband, or house-spouse) is a father who is the main caregiver of the children and is the homemaker of the household.", "Stay-at-home dad __knowledge__ As families have evolved, the practice of being a stay-at-home dad has become more common, and socially more acceptable.", "Stay-at-home dad __knowledge__ Pre-industrialisation, the family worked together as a unit and was self-sufficient.", "Stay-at-home dad __knowledge__ When affection-based marriages emerged in the 1830s, parents began devoting more attention to children and family relationships became more open.", "Stay-at-home dad __knowledge__ Beginning with the Industrial Revolution, large-scale production replaced home manufacturing; this shift, coupled with prevailing norms governing sex or gender roles, dictated that the father become the breadwinner and the mother the caregiver.", "Family structure in the United States __knowledge__ The traditional family structure in the United States is considered a family support system involving two married individuals providing care and stability for their biological offspring.", "Family structure in the United States __knowledge__ However, this two-parent, nuclear family has become less prevalent, and alternative family forms have become more common.", "Family structure in the United States __knowledge__ The family is created at birth and establishes ties across generations.", "Family structure in the United States __knowledge__ Those generations, the extended family of aunts, uncles, grandparents, and cousins, can hold significant emotional and economic roles for the nuclear family.", "Family structure in the United States __knowledge__ Over time, the traditional structure has had to adapt to very influential changes, including divorce and the introduction of single-parent families, teenage pregnancy and unwed mothers, and same-sex marriage, and increased interest in adoption.", "Singapore Dads for Life movement __knowledge__ Dads for Life (DFL) is a national men's movement in Singapore promoting active fatherhood.", "Singapore Dads for Life movement __knowledge__ Dads for Life emerged in Singapore in the context of two sociological trends.", "Singapore Dads for Life movement __knowledge__ From the 1970s, increasing numbers of women took to the labour force, leading to an evolution of expectations of fatherhood beyond the traditional role of “breadwinner”.", "Singapore Dads for Life movement __knowledge__ In 1991, 55.7% of women in the prime working ages of 25 to 54 were employed.", "Singapore Dads for Life movement __knowledge__ By 2010, a record 71.7% of women were in the labour force.", "Singapore Dads for Life movement __knowledge__ Such “dual career” families have required fathers to play a more active role in their children’s lives than before.", "Singapore Dads for Life movement __knowledge__ The second trend has been the continued lag in the involvement of fathers in family life behind that of mothers, despite evolving social and familial norms.", "Jeremy Adam Smith __knowledge__ Jeremy Adam Smith (born April 4, 1970) is the editor of Greater Good magazine, which is published by the UC Berkeley Greater Good Science Center.", "Jeremy Adam Smith __knowledge__ He is also the author or co-editor of five books, founding editor of Shareable.net, and an investigative journalist and essayist whose work focuses on education, family, and community life.", "Jeremy Adam Smith __knowledge__ Before becoming a full-time writer and editor, Smith launched the Independent Press Development Fund and served as publisher of Dollars and Sense magazine.", "Jeremy Adam Smith __knowledge__ In 2010-11, Smith was a John S. Knight journalism fellow at Stanford University.", "Jeremy Adam Smith __knowledge__ Smith is the author of \"The Daddy Shift: How Stay-at-Home Dads, Breadwinning Moms, and Shared Parenting are Transforming the American Family\" (Beacon Press, June 2009); co-editor of \"The Compassionate Instinct\" (WW Norton, January 2010); and co-editor of Are We Born Racist?", "Doug Sahm __knowledge__ Douglas Wayne Sahm (November 6, 1941 – November 18, 1999) was an American musician and singer-songwriter from Texas.", "Doug Sahm __knowledge__ Born in San Antonio, Texas, he was a child prodigy in country music but became a significant figure in roots rock and other genres.", "Doug Sahm __knowledge__ Sahm is considered one of the most important figures in what is identified as Tex-Mex music.", "Doug Sahm __knowledge__ Proficient on multiple instruments, he was the founder and leader of the 1960s rock and roll band, the Sir Douglas Quintet.", "Doug Sahm __knowledge__ He would later co-found the Texas Tornados with Augie Meyers, Freddy Fender, and Flaco Jiménez as well as Los Super Seven.", "Doug Sahm __knowledge__ Sahm began his musical career singing and playing steel guitar, mandolin, and violin.", "Dads' Gates __knowledge__ Dads' Gates, located on the University of Oregon campus in Eugene, Oregon, are listed in the National Register of Historic Places.", "Dads' Gates __knowledge__ Oregon's Dads' Gates are large wrought iron gates that are located on 11th Ave. E. between Kincaid St. and Franklin Blvd.", "Dads' Gates __knowledge__ in Eugene, Oregon at the entrance to the University of Oregon campus.", "Dads' Gates __knowledge__ At their beginning, Dads' Gates were supposed to offer one of the most spectacular entrances to a campus found anywhere in the country.", "Dads' Gates __knowledge__ The construction of Dads' Gates began in 1938 as an art project funded by the Works Progress Administration in order to help create work for skilled craftsmen due to the recent Depression." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Housewife __knowledge__ A housewife is a woman whose occupation is running or managing her family's home—caring for her children; buying, cooking, and storing food for the family; buying goods that the family needs in everyday life; housekeeping and maintaining the home; and making clothes for the family—and who is not employed outside the home.", "Housewife __knowledge__ A housewife may also be called a \"stay-at-home mother\" or \"SAHM\", and a househusband may be called a \"male homemaker\", \"stay-at-home father\", or \"SAHD\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ \"Webster's Dictionary\" describes a housewife as a married woman who is in charge of her household.", "Housewife __knowledge__ The British \"Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary\" (1901) defined a housewife as: \"the mistress of a household; a female domestic manager; a pocket sewing kit\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ A small sewing kit is sometimes called a \"housewife\" or \"hussif\".", "Housewife __knowledge__ Some feminists and non-feminist economists (particularly proponents of historical materialism, the methodological approach of Marxist historiography) note that the value of housewives' work is ignored in standard formulations of economic output, such as GDP or employment figures.", "Housewife __knowledge__ Housewives work many unpaid hours a week, often depending on income from their husband's employment for financial support.", "Blasphemy law __knowledge__ A blasphemy law is a law relating to blasphemy, or irreverence toward holy personages, religious artefacts, customs, or beliefs.", "Blasphemy law __knowledge__ In the past blasphemy laws protected the majority religion within a jurisdiction from irreverence but there is now a trend to repeal all blasphemy and religious offence laws.", "Blasphemy law __knowledge__ National and international experts and bodies looking at human rights, freedom of expression, freedom of religion and belief, and violence based on religion or belief have consistently found that blasphemy laws conflict with freedom of religion and belief, freedom of expression, and with international law.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ General Sir Hubert de la Poer Gough (12 August 1870 – 18 March 1963) was a senior officer in the British Army in the First World War.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ A favourite of the British Commander-in-Chief, Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig, he experienced a meteoric rise through the ranks during the war and commanded the British Fifth Army from 1916 to 1918.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ The name of Gough probably derives from the Welsh word \"coch\", meaning \"red\".", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ Before leaving England Gough's ancestors were clerics and clerks in Wiltshire, and the family settled in Ireland in the early 17th century, not as planters but in clerical positions.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ By the nineteenth century they were an Anglo-Irish family of the landed gentry settled at Gurteen, County Waterford, Ireland.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Social judgment theory __knowledge__ Social judgment theory (SJT) is a self-persuasion theory proposed by Carolyn Sherif, Muzafer Sherif, and Carl Hovland, defined by Sherif and Sherif as the perception and evaluation of an idea by comparing it with current attitudes.", "Social judgment theory __knowledge__ According to this theory, an individual weighs every new idea, comparing it with the individual's present point of view to determine where it should be placed on the attitude scale in an individual's mind.", "Social judgment theory __knowledge__ SJT is the subconscious sorting out of ideas that occurs at the instant of perception.", "Social judgment theory __knowledge__ Social judgment theory is a framework that studies human judgment.", "Social judgment theory __knowledge__ It is a meta-theory that directs research on cognitive perspective, which is how you perceive the situations.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Hideki Tojo __knowledge__ Hideki Tōjō (Kyūjitai: ; Shinjitai: ; \"\"; December 30, 1884 – December 23, 1948) was a general of the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA), the leader of the Imperial Rule Assistance Association, and the 27th Prime Minister of Japan during much of World War II, from October 17, 1941, to July 22, 1944.", "Hideki Tojo __knowledge__ As Prime Minister, he was responsible for ordering the attack on Pearl Harbor, which initiated war between Japan and the United States, although planning for it had begun in April 1941, before he entered office.", "Hideki Tojo __knowledge__ After the end of the war, Tojo was arrested, sentenced to death for Japanese war crimes by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, and hanged on December 23, 1948.", "History of Wrigley Field __knowledge__ The history of Wrigley Field, the home of the Chicago Cubs of Major League Baseball's National League, begins well before the Cubs played their first game in that venue.", "History of Wrigley Field __knowledge__ At the turn of the 20th century, the block bounded by Clark, Addison, Waveland, and Sheffield streets was home to the Chicago Lutheran Theological Seminary, with the Hildebrandt Coal Factory across the street to the west.", "History of Wrigley Field __knowledge__ William Passavant, a prominent Lutheran missionary, had inherited the land decades before.", "History of Wrigley Field __knowledge__ Passavant began to develop the land as early as 1868, including the construction of St. Mark's Church by 1874.", "History of Wrigley Field __knowledge__ In 1891, Passavant helped establish the Chicago Lutheran Seminary on the site.", "Feminist views on sexuality __knowledge__ Feminist views on sexuality widely vary.", "Feminist views on sexuality __knowledge__ Many feminists, particularly radical feminists, are highly critical of what they see as sexual objectification and sexual exploitation in the media and society.", "Feminist views on sexuality __knowledge__ Radical feminists are often opposed to the sex industry, including opposition to prostitution and pornography.", "Feminist views on sexuality __knowledge__ Other feminists define themselves as sex-positive feminists and believe that a wide variety of expressions of female sexuality can be empowering to women when they are freely chosen.", "Feminist views on sexuality __knowledge__ Some feminists support efforts to reform the sex industry to become less sexist, such as the feminist pornography movement.", "Feminist views on prostitution __knowledge__ As with many issues within the feminist movement, there exists a diversity of views on prostitution.", "Feminist views on prostitution __knowledge__ Many of these positions can be loosely arranged into an overarching standpoint that is generally either critical or supportive of prostitution and sex work.", "Feminist views on prostitution __knowledge__ Anti-prostitution feminists hold that prostitution is a form of exploitation of women and male dominance over women, and a practice which is the result of the existing patriarchal societal order.", "Feminist views on prostitution __knowledge__ These feminists argue that prostitution has a very negative effect, both on the prostitutes themselves and on society as a whole, as it reinforces stereotypical views about women, who are seen as sex objects which can be used and abused by men.", "Feminist Jewish ethics __knowledge__ Feminist Jewish ethics is an area of study in Jewish ethics and feminist philosophy.", "Feminist Jewish ethics __knowledge__ In her 1991 work, \"Standing Again at Sinai: Judaism from a Feminist Perspective\", Judith Plaskow discusses the experiences of Jewish women, within a modern framework.", "Feminist Jewish ethics __knowledge__ Her work focuses on the transformation Jewish tradition, to include and be influenced by a feminist lens.", "Feminist Jewish ethics __knowledge__ This theme of change is heavily carried throughout her writing on Feminist Jewish Ethics.", "Feminist Jewish ethics __knowledge__ She considers the ways in which feminist thought can utilize theology to include women within Jewish thinking and experience.", "Feminist Jewish ethics __knowledge__ Plaskow takes on a Feminist perspective in her analysis of Jewish tradition in order to provide a reinterpretation of theology and Jewish thought that best includes and validates the experiences of modern Jewish women.", "Sex-positive feminism __knowledge__ Sex-positive feminism, also known as pro-sex feminism, sex-radical feminism, or sexually liberal feminism, is a movement that began in the early 1980s centering on the idea that sexual freedom is an essential component of women's freedom.", "Sex-positive feminism __knowledge__ Some became involved in the sex-positive feminist movement in response to efforts by anti-pornography feminists to put pornography at the center of a feminist explanation of women's oppression.", "Sex-positive feminism __knowledge__ This period of intense debate and acrimony between sex-positive and anti-pornography feminists during the early 1980s is often referred to as the feminist sex wars.", "Sex-positive feminism __knowledge__ Other feminists identifying as sex-positive became involved in the debate, not in opposition to other feminists, but in direct response to what they saw as patriarchal control of sexuality.", "Feminism __knowledge__ Feminism is a range of political movements, ideologies, and social movements that share a common goal: to define, establish, and achieve political, economic, personal, and social equality of sexes.", "Feminism __knowledge__ This includes seeking to establish educational and professional opportunities for women that are equal to those for men.", "Feminism __knowledge__ Feminist movements have campaigned and continue to campaign for women's rights, including the right to vote, to hold public office, to work, to earn fair wages or equal pay, to own property, to receive education, to enter contracts, to have equal rights within marriage, and to have maternity leave.", "Feminist economics __knowledge__ Feminist economics is the critical study of economics including its methodology, epistemology, history and empirical research, attempting to overcome androcentric (male and patriarchal) biases.", "Feminist economics __knowledge__ It focuses on topics of particular relevance to women, such as care work or occupational segregation (exclusion of women and minorities from certain fields); deficiencies of economic models, such as disregarding intra-household bargaining; new forms of data collection and measurement such as the Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM), and more gender-aware theories such as the capabilities approach.", "Feminist economics __knowledge__ Feminist economics ultimately seeks to produce a more gender inclusive economics.", "Radical feminism __knowledge__ Radical feminism is a perspective within feminism that calls for a radical reordering of society in which male supremacy is eliminated in all social and economic contexts.", "Radical feminism __knowledge__ Radical feminists seek to abolish patriarchy by challenging existing social norms and institutions.", "Radical feminism __knowledge__ This includes opposing the sexual objectification of women, raising public awareness about such issues as rape and violence against women, and challenging the very notion of gender roles.", "Radical feminism __knowledge__ Shulamith Firestone wrote in \"The Dialectic of Sex: The Case for Feminist Revolution\" (1970): \"[T]he end goal of feminist revolution must be, unlike that of the first feminist movement, not just the elimination of male \"privilege\" but of the sex \"distinction\" itself: genital differences between human beings would no longer matter culturally.\"" ] ]

[ 1, 2, 6, 7 ]

[ "Many people just don't realize how much a housewife does these days. She manages the home, which is a full time job! Cooking, cleaning, caring for the children, shopping, etc.", "Now these days, many call a housewife a stay-at-home-mother SAHM, and the stay at home dads are called SAHD. Which wasn't very popular until the last 10 years or so, for dads to stay home.", "Yes, I guess it depends on each woman. Many feminists believe that it is ignored in the formulations of economic output, like the GDP, and believe it shouldn't be.", "Yes, it is. The issue of all of the work that a housewife does, but yet doesn't get a check and really depends on the husband for all of the financial dependency, no doubt has been a major problem for many housewifes." ]

[ "Housewife", "Housewife", "Housewife", "Housewife" ]

[ "Traffic collision\nhello i have been in two car crashes in my life ;(", "the first one when I was a boy, i broke my leg", "no just my mom was and still is a terrible driver :)", "back then when it happened we only had lap seat belts and no one wore them, so it was riskier" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ A traffic collision, also called a motor vehicle collision (MVC) among other terms, occurs when a vehicle collides with another vehicle, pedestrian, animal, road debris, or other stationary obstruction, such as a tree, pole or building.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Traffic collisions often result in injury, death, and property damage.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ A number of factors contribute to the risk of collision, including vehicle design, speed of operation, road design, road environment, and driver skill, impairment due to alcohol or drugs, and behavior, notably speeding and street racing.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Worldwide, motor vehicle collisions lead to death and disability as well as financial costs to both society and the individuals involved.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ In 2013, 54 million people sustained injuries from traffic collisions.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ This resulted in 1.4 million deaths in 2013, up from 1.1 million deaths in 1990.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ About 68,000 of these occurred in children less than five years old.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Almost all high-income countries have decreasing death rates, while the majority of low-income countries have increasing death rates due to traffic collisions.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Middle-income countries have the highest rate with 20 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, 80% of all road fatalities by only 52% of all vehicles.", "List of Final Destination characters __knowledge__ Final Destination is an American horror franchise consisting of five films, ten novels, and two comic books composed of six issues in total.", "List of Final Destination characters __knowledge__ Each medium features a protagonist who experiences a premonition of himself/herself and several others dying in a catastrophic accident, only to escape the event with a handful of other characters moments before it turns into a reality.", "List of Final Destination characters __knowledge__ The survivors later die one by one in a series of elaborate and often gory scenarios that frequently resemble Rube Goldberg machines in their complexity.", "List of Final Destination characters __knowledge__ Despite depicting homicide, the series is noteworthy amongst others in the horror genre in that the \"villain\" of the films is not the stereotypical slasher or monster but the entity Death itself (occasionally seen as a fleeting shadow or a gust of wind) which manipulates the environment in deadly ways with the intent of reclaiming the lives of the survivors.", "Carla Connor __knowledge__ Carla Connor (also Gordon and Barlow) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera, \"Coronation Street\", played by Alison King.", "Carla Connor __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on screen during the episode airing on 1 December 2006.", "Carla Connor __knowledge__ Carla has been referred to as \"the new Elsie Tanner\".", "Carla Connor __knowledge__ This was King's second role in the soap as she previously played Mrs. Fanshaw for one episode in 2004.", "Carla Connor __knowledge__ King was off-screen from February 2009 until October 2009 due to her maternity leave.", "Carla Connor __knowledge__ In May 2012 King announced she would be temporarily departing, her departure scenes aired on 16 July 2012 and her return scenes aired on 10 December 2012.", "Crash (1996 film) __knowledge__ Crash is a 1996 British–Canadian psychological thriller film written and directed by David Cronenberg based on J. G. Ballard's 1973 novel of the same name.", "Crash (1996 film) __knowledge__ It tells the story of a group of people who take sexual pleasure from car crashes, a notable form of paraphilia.", "Crash (1996 film) __knowledge__ The film stars James Spader, Deborah Kara Unger, Elias Koteas, Holly Hunter, and Rosanna Arquette.", "Crash (1996 film) __knowledge__ The film generated considerable controversy upon its release and opened to mixed and highly divergent reactions from critics.", "Crash (1996 film) __knowledge__ While some praised the film for its daring premise and originality, others criticized its combination of graphic sexuality and violence.", "The Hitcher (1986 film) __knowledge__ The Hitcher is a 1986 American road action horror film directed by Robert Harmon and written by Eric Red.", "The Hitcher (1986 film) __knowledge__ It stars Rutger Hauer, C. Thomas Howell, Jennifer Jason Leigh, and Jeffrey DeMunn.", "The Hitcher (1986 film) __knowledge__ Howell plays Jim, a young man who gives a ride to a hitchhiker, played by Hauer.", "The Hitcher (1986 film) __knowledge__ After narrowly escaping death, Jim repeatedly encounters the hitchhiker, who is revealed to be a serial killer, and the two engage in a game of cat and mouse.", "The Hitcher (1986 film) __knowledge__ It was released in the United States on February 21, 1986.", "The Hitcher (1986 film) __knowledge__ Jim Halsey, a young man delivering a car from Chicago to San Diego, spots a man hitchhiking in the West Texas desert and gives him a ride.", "Mobile phones and driving safety __knowledge__ Mobile phone use while driving is common, but it is widely considered dangerous due to its potential for causing distracted driving and accidents.", "Mobile phones and driving safety __knowledge__ Due to the number of accidents that are related to conducting calls on a phone and texting while driving, some jurisdictions have made the use of calling on a phone while driving illegal.", "Mobile phones and driving safety __knowledge__ Many jurisdictions have enacted laws to ban handheld mobile phone use.", "Mobile phones and driving safety __knowledge__ Nevertheless, many jurisdictions allow use of a hands-free device.", "Mobile phones and driving safety __knowledge__ Driving while using a hands-free device is not safer than using a handheld phone to conduct calls, as concluded by case-crossover studies, epidemiological, simulation, and meta-analysis.", "Transport Accident Commission __knowledge__ The Transport Accident Commission (TAC) is the statutory insurer of third-party personal liability (CTP insurance in other states) for road accidents in the State of Victoria, Australia.", "Transport Accident Commission __knowledge__ It was established under the Transport Accident Act 1986.", "Transport Accident Commission __knowledge__ Its purpose is to fund treatment and support services for people injured in transport accidents.", "Transport Accident Commission __knowledge__ The TAC's support covers medical and non-medical expenses incurred as a result of an accident, for example income support for people whose injuries prevent them from performing normal job duties, or return to work programs, and equipment or aids, such as wheelchairs or crutches that are recommended by a healthcare professional." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ A traffic collision, also called a motor vehicle collision (MVC) among other terms, occurs when a vehicle collides with another vehicle, pedestrian, animal, road debris, or other stationary obstruction, such as a tree, pole or building.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Traffic collisions often result in injury, death, and property damage.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ A number of factors contribute to the risk of collision, including vehicle design, speed of operation, road design, road environment, and driver skill, impairment due to alcohol or drugs, and behavior, notably speeding and street racing.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Worldwide, motor vehicle collisions lead to death and disability as well as financial costs to both society and the individuals involved.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ In 2013, 54 million people sustained injuries from traffic collisions.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ This resulted in 1.4 million deaths in 2013, up from 1.1 million deaths in 1990.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ About 68,000 of these occurred in children less than five years old.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Almost all high-income countries have decreasing death rates, while the majority of low-income countries have increasing death rates due to traffic collisions.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Middle-income countries have the highest rate with 20 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, 80% of all road fatalities by only 52% of all vehicles.", "Wooden Leg: A Warrior Who Fought Custer __knowledge__ Wooden Leg: A Warrior Who Fought Custer is a book by Thomas Bailey Marquis about the life of a Northern Cheyenne Indian, Wooden Leg, who fought in several historic battles between United States forces and the Plains Indians, including the Battle of the Little Bighorn, where he faced the troops of George Armstrong Custer.", "Wooden Leg: A Warrior Who Fought Custer __knowledge__ The book is of great value to historians, not only for its eye-witness accounts of battles, but also for its detailed description of the way of life of 19th-century Plains Indians.", "Wooden Leg: A Warrior Who Fought Custer __knowledge__ The book was dictated to Marquis by Wooden Leg in Indian Sign Language, their only common language.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ The Amazing Race is a reality television game show in which teams of two people race around the world in competition with other teams.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ Contestants strive to arrive first at \"Pit Stops\" at the end of each leg of the race to win prizes and to avoid coming in last, which carries the possibility of elimination or a significant disadvantage in the following leg.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ Contestants travel to and within multiple countries in a variety of transportation modes, including airplanes, hot air balloons, helicopters, trucks, bicycles, taxicabs, cars, trains, buses, boats, and by foot.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ Clues provided in each leg lead the teams to the next destination or direct them to perform a task, either together or by a single member.", "List of Battle Royale characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in the novel, manga, and film versions of \"Battle Royale\".", "List of Battle Royale characters __knowledge__ Boy #15 has witnessed a good deal of troubling events throughout his life.", "List of Battle Royale characters __knowledge__ His father was killed by the government for struggling against the regime, and his mother died while he was in third grade.", "List of Battle Royale characters __knowledge__ When the rest of his family rejected him, Shuya was put in an orphanage.", "List of Battle Royale characters __knowledge__ He is willing to trust others, not wanting to take part in the Battle Royale program.", "List of Battle Royale characters __knowledge__ He tries several times to rally fellow students in an attempt to escape, but fails.", "List of Battle Royale characters __knowledge__ Consequently, he narrowly escapes death at the hands of his classmates on several occasions.", "Tomás Boy __knowledge__ Tomás Juan Boy Espinoza (June 28, 1952), nicknamed \"El Jefe\" (The Boss), is a Mexican former footballer and coach.", "Tomás Boy __knowledge__ Boy played in the Primera División (First Division, now Liga MX) between 1975 and 1988.", "Tomás Boy __knowledge__ He spent most of his entire football playing career with Tigres UANL, appearing in 413 games and scoring 98 goals.", "Tomás Boy __knowledge__ Boy played with the Mexico national team between 1979 and 1987.", "Tomás Boy __knowledge__ An attacking midfielder with good technique, vision and a strong temperament inside and outside the field, Boy was captain of Tigres for several years as well as the captain of Mexico during the 1986 FIFA World Cup.", "Tomás Boy __knowledge__ Since retiring, Boy has managed seven different team in Liga MX Boy started his career in the Atlético Español in the 1971–72 season.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Michael Fred Phelps II (born June 30, 1985) is an American retired competitive swimmer and the most successful and most decorated Olympian of all time, with a total of 28 medals.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Phelps also holds the all-time records for Olympic gold medals (23), Olympic gold medals in individual events (13), and Olympic medals in individual events (16).", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ When he won eight gold medals at the 2008 Beijing Games, Phelps broke fellow American swimmer Mark Spitz's 1972 record of seven first-place finishes at any single Olympic Games.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Phelps had already tied the record of eight medals of any color at a single Games by winning six gold and two bronze medals.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica is the daughter of Janice and Bobby Baccalieri.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She was born sometime in 2005, after her parents got married.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Getting her registered for a pre-school was the reason why Janice and Bobby were not able to take care of Junior the night he shot Tony.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica rode the amusement ride with her mother at the Feast of St. Elzéar when it broke.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She longed for another ride and Tony later spun her around at the feast, to her joy.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ That year, Janice took Domenica to Satriale's Pork Store to demand that Tony make Bobby a capo.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ In 2007, Domenica played at the house near the lake when Tony, Carmela, Bobby, and Janice celebrated Tony's birthday.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Melanesian mythology is the folklore, myths and religion of Melanesia — the archipelagos of New Guinea, the Torres Strait Islands, the Admiralty Islands, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia and Vanuatu.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Professor Roland Burrage Dixon wrote an account of the mythology of this region for \"The Mythology of All Races\", which was published in 1916.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Since that time, the region has developed new cults and legends as a result of exposure to western civilisations and their missionaries.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ These include the cargo cults in which the natives attempt to restore the supply of material goods which were a side-effect of the campaigning in this region during the Pacific War.", "Road traffic safety __knowledge__ Road traffic safety refers to the methods and measures used to prevent road users from being killed or seriously injured.", "Road traffic safety __knowledge__ Typical road users include: pedestrians, cyclists, motorists, vehicle passengers, horse-riders and passengers of on-road public transport (mainly buses and trams).", "Road traffic safety __knowledge__ Best-practices in modern road safety strategy: As sustainable solutions for all classes of road have not been identified, particularly low-traffic rural and remote roads, a hierarchy of control should be applied, similar to classifications used to improve occupational safety and health.", "Road traffic safety __knowledge__ At the highest level is sustainable prevention of serious injury and death crashes, with sustainable requiring all key result areas to be considered.", "Autonomous car __knowledge__ An autonomous car (also known as a driverless car, self-driving car, robotic car) and unmanned ground vehicle is a vehicle that is capable of sensing its environment and navigating without human input.", "Autonomous car __knowledge__ Autonomous cars use a variety of techniques to detect their surroundings, such as radar, laser light, GPS, odometry and computer vision.", "Autonomous car __knowledge__ Advanced control systems interpret sensory information to identify appropriate navigation paths, as well as obstacles and relevant signage.", "Autonomous car __knowledge__ Autonomous cars must have control systems that are capable of analyzing sensory data to distinguish between different cars on the road.", "Traffic light __knowledge__ Traffic lights, also known as traffic signals, traffic lamps, traffic semaphore, signal lights, stop lights, robots (in South Africa and most of Africa), and traffic control signals (in technical parlance), are signalling devices positioned at road intersections, pedestrian crossings, and other locations to control flows of traffic.", "Traffic light __knowledge__ The world's first traffic light was short lived.", "Traffic light __knowledge__ It was a manually operated gas-lit signal installed in London in December 1868.", "Traffic light __knowledge__ It exploded less than a month after it was implemented, injuring its policeman operator.", "Traffic light __knowledge__ Traffic control started to seem necessary in the late 1890s and Earnest Sirrine from Chicago patented the first automated traffic control system in 1910.", "Vehicle insurance __knowledge__ Vehicle insurance (also known as car insurance, motor insurance or auto insurance) is insurance for cars, trucks, motorcycles, and other road vehicles.", "Vehicle insurance __knowledge__ Its primary use is to provide financial protection against physical damage or bodily injury resulting from traffic collisions and against liability that could also arise there from.", "Vehicle insurance __knowledge__ Vehicle insurance may additionally offer financial protection against as theft of the vehicle, and against damage to the vehicle sustained from events other than traffic collisions, such as keying and damage sustained by colliding with stationary objects.", "Vehicle insurance __knowledge__ The specific terms of vehicle insurance vary with legal regulations in each region.", "Speed limit __knowledge__ Road speed limits are used in most countries to set the maximum (or minimum in some cases) speed at which road vehicles may legally travel on particular stretches of road.", "Speed limit __knowledge__ Speed limits may be variable and in some places speed is unlimited (e.g.", "Speed limit __knowledge__ on some Autobahn sections in Germany).", "Speed limit __knowledge__ Speed limits are normally indicated on a traffic sign.", "Speed limit __knowledge__ Speed limits are commonly set by the legislative bodies of nations or provincial governments and enforced by national or regional police or judicial bodies.", "Speed limit __knowledge__ The first maximum speed limit was the limit introduced in the United Kingdom in 1861.", "Speed limit __knowledge__ The highest posted speed limit in the world is , which applies to some motorways in UAE.", "Transport Accident Commission __knowledge__ The Transport Accident Commission (TAC) is the statutory insurer of third-party personal liability (CTP insurance in other states) for road accidents in the State of Victoria, Australia.", "Transport Accident Commission __knowledge__ It was established under the Transport Accident Act 1986.", "Transport Accident Commission __knowledge__ Its purpose is to fund treatment and support services for people injured in transport accidents.", "Transport Accident Commission __knowledge__ The TAC's support covers medical and non-medical expenses incurred as a result of an accident, for example income support for people whose injuries prevent them from performing normal job duties, or return to work programs, and equipment or aids, such as wheelchairs or crutches that are recommended by a healthcare professional." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ A traffic collision, also called a motor vehicle collision (MVC) among other terms, occurs when a vehicle collides with another vehicle, pedestrian, animal, road debris, or other stationary obstruction, such as a tree, pole or building.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Traffic collisions often result in injury, death, and property damage.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ A number of factors contribute to the risk of collision, including vehicle design, speed of operation, road design, road environment, and driver skill, impairment due to alcohol or drugs, and behavior, notably speeding and street racing.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Worldwide, motor vehicle collisions lead to death and disability as well as financial costs to both society and the individuals involved.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ In 2013, 54 million people sustained injuries from traffic collisions.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ This resulted in 1.4 million deaths in 2013, up from 1.1 million deaths in 1990.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ About 68,000 of these occurred in children less than five years old.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Almost all high-income countries have decreasing death rates, while the majority of low-income countries have increasing death rates due to traffic collisions.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Middle-income countries have the highest rate with 20 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, 80% of all road fatalities by only 52% of all vehicles.", "List of Modern Family characters __knowledge__ \"Modern Family\", an American TV comedy series, revolves around three families that are interrelated through Jay Pritchett, his son Mitchell Pritchett, and his daughter Claire Dunphy.", "List of Modern Family characters __knowledge__ The families meet for family functions, around the neighborhood, and cross-family bonding.", "List of Modern Family characters __knowledge__ Philip Humphrey \"Phil\" Dunphy (Ty Burrell) is Claire's husband of 20 years who sees himself as the \"cool dad.\"", "List of Modern Family characters __knowledge__ He dotes on his wife Claire and constantly tries to find ways to bond with his three kids.", "List of Modern Family characters __knowledge__ He is seen as very competitive, one example being his nature of always beating his son at basketball.", "List of Modern Family characters __knowledge__ He has a very juvenile attitude, and is referred to by Claire as the \"kid [she's] married to.\"", "The Hunter (1980 film) __knowledge__ The Hunter is a 1980 American thriller film directed by Buzz Kulik and based on the exploits of real-life bounty hunter Ralph \"Papa\" Thorson.", "The Hunter (1980 film) __knowledge__ The film is notable for being Steve McQueen's final acting role before his death in November of that year.", "The Hunter (1980 film) __knowledge__ The cast also features Eli Wallach, Kathryn Harrold, LeVar Burton, Ben Johnson and Richard Venture.", "The Hunter (1980 film) __knowledge__ This was the last theatrical film made by director Buzz Kulik.", "The Hunter (1980 film) __knowledge__ Ralph \"Papa\" Thorson (Steve McQueen) is a modern-day bounty hunter who hunts down and captures criminals who have skipped on their bail to bring them back for a 20% of the reward to his bail bondsman employer.", "Canada's Worst Driver 11 __knowledge__ Canada's Worst Driver 11 is the eleventh season of the Canadian reality TV show \"Canada's Worst Driver\", which airs on the Discovery Channel.", "Canada's Worst Driver 11 __knowledge__ This season features nine contestants, tying with \"Canada's Worst Driver Ever\" as the season with the most participants thus far.", "Canada's Worst Driver 11 __knowledge__ During their first meetings with the experts, all nine contestants deny the possibility that they might be Canada's Worst Driver.", "Canada's Worst Driver 11 __knowledge__ As per usual, no-one graduates in the first episode.", "Canada's Worst Driver 11 __knowledge__ While Jillian seems the obvious front-runner to graduate, as she passed every single challenge this episode, she tells the panel that she'd prefer to stay in rehab in order to get more confidence, as she still feels unable to face driving in public.", "List of Love Hina characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the anime and manga series \"Love Hina\" created by Ken Akamatsu.", "List of Love Hina characters __knowledge__ The character names are listed in Western order, with the given name before the family name.", "List of Love Hina characters __knowledge__ \"Note\" Where ages are quoted these are the ages at the time the character appears in the story – the story moves through a year fairly quickly so ages change quickly.", "List of Love Hina characters __knowledge__ The main characters are residents of the Hinata Inn, a former hot springs resort that is converted to an all-girls dormitory managed by Keitaro Urashima, the sole male resident.", "List of Love Hina characters __knowledge__ is a 19/20-year-old second-year \"ronin\" studying to enter Tokyo University (sometimes known as \"Todai\").", "Moon Landing (Modern Family) __knowledge__ \"Moon Landing\" is the fourteenth episode of the first season of \"Modern Family\" and the fourteenth episode of the series overall.", "Moon Landing (Modern Family) __knowledge__ It was originally scheduled to premiere on ABC on January 27, 2010, but it was preempted by the State of the Union address and pushed back a week to February 3, 2010.", "Moon Landing (Modern Family) __knowledge__ The episode was written by Bill Wruber and directed by Jason Winer.", "Moon Landing (Modern Family) __knowledge__ In the episode, Mitchell tries to offer his legal advice to Gloria after a car crash she was involved, believing that it was not her fault.", "Moon Landing (Modern Family) __knowledge__ Claire meets an old friend from work, Valerie, and thinks that Valerie pities her for leaving her job years back to raise her family.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "Driving under the influence __knowledge__ Driving under the influence (DUI), driving while impaired/driving while intoxicated (DWI), operating while intoxicated (OWI) or drink-driving (UK) is currently the crime or offense of driving or operating a motor vehicle while impaired by alcohol or other drugs (including recreational drugs and those prescribed by physicians), to a level that renders the driver incapable of operating a motor vehicle safely.", "Driving under the influence __knowledge__ Traffic accidents are predominantly caused by driving under the influence; for people in Europe between the age of 15 and 29, DUI is one of the main causes of mortality.", "Driving under the influence __knowledge__ According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration alcohol-related crashes cause approximately $37 billion in damages annually.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ The long-term effects of alcohol (also known formally as ethanol) consumption range from cardioprotective health benefits for low to moderate alcohol consumption in industrialized societies with higher rates of cardiovascular disease to severe detrimental effects in cases of chronic alcohol abuse.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ Health effects associated with alcohol intake in large amounts include an increased risk of alcoholism, malnutrition, chronic pancreatitis, alcoholic liver disease and cancer.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ In addition, damage to the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system can occur from chronic alcohol abuse.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ The long-term use of alcohol is capable of damaging nearly every organ and system in the body.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ Binge drinking, or heavy episodic drinking, is a modern epithet for drinking alcoholic beverages with an intention of becoming intoxicated by heavy consumption of alcohol over a short period of time.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ Binge drinking is a style of drinking that is popular in several countries worldwide, and overlaps somewhat with social drinking since it is often done in groups.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ The degree of intoxication, however, varies between and within various cultures that engage in this practice.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ A binge on alcohol can occur over hours, last up to several days, or in the event of extended abuse, even weeks.", "Binge drinking __knowledge__ Due to the long-term effects of alcohol misuse, binge drinking is considered to be a major public health issue.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcoholism, also known as alcohol use disorder (AUD), is a broad term for any drinking of alcohol that results in mental or physical health problems.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ The disorder was previously divided into two types: alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ In a medical context, alcoholism is said to exist when two or more of the following conditions is present: a person drinks large amounts over a long time period, has difficulty cutting down, acquiring and drinking alcohol takes up a great deal of time, alcohol is strongly desired, usage results in not fulfilling responsibilities, usage results in social problems, usage results in health problems, usage results in risky situations, withdrawal occurs when stopping, and alcohol tolerance has occurred with use.", "Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder __knowledge__ Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) are a group of conditions that can occur in a person whose mother drank alcohol during pregnancy.", "Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder __knowledge__ Problems may include an abnormal appearance, short height, low body weight, small head size, poor coordination, low intelligence, behavior problems, and problems with hearing or seeing.", "Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder __knowledge__ Those affected are more likely to have trouble in school, legal problems, participate in high-risk behaviors, and have trouble with alcohol or other drugs.", "Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder __knowledge__ The most severe form of the condition is known as fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS).", "Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder __knowledge__ Other types include partial fetal alcohol syndrome (pFAS), alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) and alcohol-related birth defects (ARBD).", "Alcohol (drug) __knowledge__ Alcohol, also known by its chemical name ethanol, is a psychoactive substance or drug which is present as the active ingredient in alcoholic beverages such as beer, wine, and distilled spirits (hard liquor).", "Alcohol (drug) __knowledge__ It is one of the oldest and most common recreational substances, causing the characteristic effects of alcohol intoxication or \"drunkenness\".", "Alcohol (drug) __knowledge__ Among other effects, alcohol produces mood lift and euphoria, decreased anxiety, increased sociability, sedation, impairment of cognitive, memory, motor, and sensory function, and generalized depression of central nervous system function.", "Alcohol (drug) __knowledge__ Ethanol is a type of chemical compound known as an alcohol, and is the only type of alcohol that is found in alcoholic beverages or is commonly used for recreational purposes; other alcohols such as methanol and isopropyl alcohol are toxic.", "Effects of long-term benzodiazepine use __knowledge__ The effects of long-term benzodiazepine use include drug dependence as well as the possibility of adverse effects on cognitive function, physical health, and mental health.", "Effects of long-term benzodiazepine use __knowledge__ Benzodiazepines are generally effective when used therapeutically in the short term.", "Effects of long-term benzodiazepine use __knowledge__ Most of the problems associated with benzodiazepines result from their long-term use.", "Effects of long-term benzodiazepine use __knowledge__ There are significant physical, mental and social risks associated with the long-term use of benzodiazepines.", "Effects of long-term benzodiazepine use __knowledge__ Although anxiety can temporarily increase as a withdrawal symptom, there is evidence that a reduction or withdrawal from benzodiazepines can lead in the long run to a reduction in anxiety symptoms." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ A traffic collision, also called a motor vehicle collision (MVC) among other terms, occurs when a vehicle collides with another vehicle, pedestrian, animal, road debris, or other stationary obstruction, such as a tree, pole or building.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Traffic collisions often result in injury, death, and property damage.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ A number of factors contribute to the risk of collision, including vehicle design, speed of operation, road design, road environment, and driver skill, impairment due to alcohol or drugs, and behavior, notably speeding and street racing.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Worldwide, motor vehicle collisions lead to death and disability as well as financial costs to both society and the individuals involved.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ In 2013, 54 million people sustained injuries from traffic collisions.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ This resulted in 1.4 million deaths in 2013, up from 1.1 million deaths in 1990.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ About 68,000 of these occurred in children less than five years old.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Almost all high-income countries have decreasing death rates, while the majority of low-income countries have increasing death rates due to traffic collisions.", "Traffic collision __knowledge__ Middle-income countries have the highest rate with 20 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, 80% of all road fatalities by only 52% of all vehicles.", "Seat belt __knowledge__ A seat belt (also known as a seatbelt or safety belt) is a vehicle safety device designed to secure the occupant of a vehicle against harmful movement that may result during a collision or a sudden stop.", "Seat belt __knowledge__ A seat belt functions to reduce the likelihood of death or serious injury in a traffic collision by reducing the force of secondary impacts with interior strike hazards, by keeping occupants positioned correctly for maximum effectiveness of the airbag (if equipped) and by preventing occupants being ejected from the vehicle in a crash or if the vehicle rolls over.", "Seat belt __knowledge__ When in motion, the driver and passengers are travelling at the same speed as the car.", "School bus __knowledge__ A school bus is a type of bus owned, leased, contracted to, or operated by a school or school district and regularly used to transport students to and from school or school-related activities, but not including a charter bus or transit bus.", "School bus __knowledge__ Around the world, various configurations of buses are used; the most iconic examples are the yellow school buses seen in the United States and Canada.", "School bus __knowledge__ In North America, school buses are purpose-built vehicles distinguished from other types of buses by design characteristics mandated by federal and state regulations.", "School bus __knowledge__ In addition to the use of a vehicle-specific paint color (school bus yellow), school buses are fitted with exterior warning lights (to give them traffic priority) and multiple safety devices.", "Williamson v. Mazda Motor of America, Inc. __knowledge__ Williamson v. Mazda Motor of America, Inc., 562 U.S. 323 (2011), was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States, in which the Court unanimously held that Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 208, promulgated by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, does not federally preempt state tort lawsuits against auto manufacturers from injuries caused by a defective lack of certain types of seat belts.", "Williamson v. Mazda Motor of America, Inc. __knowledge__ The case arose when Thanh Williamson died in a 2002 auto accident from seat-belt related injuries.", "Williamson v. Mazda Motor of America, Inc. __knowledge__ Williamson's family filed suit against Mazda Motor of America in California state court, claiming a defective design leading to a wrongful death.", "Seat belt legislation __knowledge__ Seat belt legislation requires the fitting of seat belts to motor vehicles and the wearing of seat belts by motor vehicle occupants to be mandatory.", "Seat belt legislation __knowledge__ Laws requiring the fitting of seat belts to cars have in some cases been followed by laws mandating their use, with the effect that thousands of deaths on the road have been prevented.", "Seat belt legislation __knowledge__ Different laws apply in different countries to the wearing of seat belts.", "Seat belt legislation __knowledge__ In Australia, after the introduction of mandatory front outboard mounting points in 1964, the use of seat belts by all vehicle passengers was made compulsory in the states of Victoria and South Australia in 1970 and 1971, respectively.", "Child safety seat __knowledge__ A child safety seat (infant safety seat, child restraint system, child seat, baby seat, restraining car seat, car seat, etc.)", "Child safety seat __knowledge__ is a seat designed specifically to protect children from injury or death during vehicle collisions.", "Child safety seat __knowledge__ Most commonly these seats are purchased and installed by consumers, but car manufacturers may integrate them directly into their vehicle's design and generally are required to provide anchors and to ensure seat belt compatibility.", "Child safety seat __knowledge__ Many jurisdictions require children defined by age, weight, and/or height to use a government-approved child safety seat when riding in a vehicle.", "2016 Wilson Security Sandown 500 __knowledge__ The 2016 Wilson Security Sandown 500 was a motor racing event for Supercars, held on the weekend of 16 to 18 September 2016.", "2016 Wilson Security Sandown 500 __knowledge__ The event was held at Sandown Raceway in Melbourne, Victoria, and consisted of one race of 445 kilometres in length.", "2016 Wilson Security Sandown 500 __knowledge__ It was the tenth event of fourteen in the 2016 International V8 Supercars Championship and hosted Race 20 of the season.", "2016 Wilson Security Sandown 500 __knowledge__ It was also the first event of the 2016 Enduro Cup.", "2016 Wilson Security Sandown 500 __knowledge__ The event was the 46th running of the Sandown 500.", "2016 Wilson Security Sandown 500 __knowledge__ The race was scheduled to be run over a distance of 161 laps (500 km), however the race was shortened to 143 laps after an opening lap crash involving James Golding caused damage to a tyre barrier.", "Death of Dale Earnhardt __knowledge__ Dale Earnhardt was an American race car driver who gained worldwide fame as a stock car driver for NASCAR, recording seven Winston Cup championship victories and 76 career wins, including the 1998 Daytona 500.", "Death of Dale Earnhardt __knowledge__ He was killed in a final-lap collision in the Daytona 500 at Daytona International Speedway on February 18, 2001, in which he crashed into the retaining wall after making contact with Ken Schrader.", "Death of Dale Earnhardt __knowledge__ Earnhardt's death was officially pronounced at the nearby Halifax Medical Center at 5:16 p.m. EST (22:16 UTC), although he likely died immediately upon impact.", "Death of Dale Earnhardt __knowledge__ He was 49 years old.", "Death of Dale Earnhardt __knowledge__ His funeral was held four days later at the Calvary Church in Charlotte, North Carolina.", "Assured clear distance ahead __knowledge__ The Assured Clear Distance Ahead (ACDA) is the distance ahead of any terrestrial locomotive device such as a land vehicle, watercraft, skates, or skis, although commonly an automobile, which can be seen to be clear of hazards by the driver, within which they should be able to bring the device to a halt; drivers generally may not pose an \"immediate hazard\" upon where or when they cannot assure such distance ahead is clear.", "Assured clear distance ahead __knowledge__ It is one of the most fundamental principles governing ordinary care and the duty of care for all methods of conveyance, and is frequently used to determine if a driver is in proper control and is a nearly universally implicit consideration in vehicular accident liability.", "Road traffic safety __knowledge__ Road traffic safety refers to the methods and measures used to prevent road users from being killed or seriously injured.", "Road traffic safety __knowledge__ Typical road users include: pedestrians, cyclists, motorists, vehicle passengers, horse-riders and passengers of on-road public transport (mainly buses and trams).", "Road traffic safety __knowledge__ Best-practices in modern road safety strategy: As sustainable solutions for all classes of road have not been identified, particularly low-traffic rural and remote roads, a hierarchy of control should be applied, similar to classifications used to improve occupational safety and health.", "Road traffic safety __knowledge__ At the highest level is sustainable prevention of serious injury and death crashes, with sustainable requiring all key result areas to be considered.", "Geometric design of roads __knowledge__ The geometric design of roads is the branch of highway engineering concerned with the positioning of the physical elements of the roadway according to standards and constraints.", "Geometric design of roads __knowledge__ The basic objectives in geometric design are to optimize efficiency and safety while minimizing cost and environmental damage.", "Geometric design of roads __knowledge__ Geometric design also affects an emerging fifth objective called \"livability,\" which is defined as designing roads to foster broader community goals, including providing access to employment, schools, businesses and residences, accommodate a range of travel modes such as walking, bicycling, transit, and automobiles, and minimizing fuel use, emissions and environmental damage.", "Airbag __knowledge__ An airbag is a type of vehicle safety device and is an occupant restraint system.", "Airbag __knowledge__ The airbag module is designed to inflate extremely rapidly then quickly deflate during a collision or impact with a surface or a rapid sudden deceleration.", "Airbag __knowledge__ It consists of the airbag cushion, a flexible fabric bag, inflation module and impact sensor.", "Airbag __knowledge__ The purpose of the airbag is to provide the occupants a soft cushioning and restraint during a crash event to prevent or reduce any impact or impact-caused injuries between the flailing occupant and the interior of the vehicle.", "Airbag __knowledge__ The airbag provides an energy absorbing surface between the vehicle's occupant and a steering wheel, instrumental panel, A-B-C- structural body frame pillars, headliner and windshield/windscreen.", "Vehicle insurance __knowledge__ Vehicle insurance (also known as car insurance, motor insurance or auto insurance) is insurance for cars, trucks, motorcycles, and other road vehicles.", "Vehicle insurance __knowledge__ Its primary use is to provide financial protection against physical damage or bodily injury resulting from traffic collisions and against liability that could also arise there from.", "Vehicle insurance __knowledge__ Vehicle insurance may additionally offer financial protection against as theft of the vehicle, and against damage to the vehicle sustained from events other than traffic collisions, such as keying and damage sustained by colliding with stationary objects.", "Vehicle insurance __knowledge__ The specific terms of vehicle insurance vary with legal regulations in each region.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ Sports utility vehicles (SUVs) are criticized for a variety of environmental and safety-related reasons as they became more popular.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ Many of the safety concerns have been addressed by the adoption of electronic stability control (ESC), rollover mitigation, and other design actions.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ Generally, drivers of SUVs are safer than those in small and mid-size cars.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ In an IIHS survey of death rates by vehicle style, smaller cars fare worse than bigger ones.", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ 4-door minicars have a death rate of 82, compared with 46 for very large 4-doors.\"", "Criticism of sport utility vehicles __knowledge__ This survey reflects the effect of both vehicle design and driving behaviour." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 3, 5 ]

[ "I am sorry to hear that, traffic collisions can often result in injury or even death, were you injured in your two car crashes?", "Oh no that is terrible. There are a lot of factors that increase the risk of car accidents, like drug impairment due to alcohol, was someone impaired when it happened?", "Oh I see, well driver skill and vehicle design, road design, and road environment are also important factors that contribute to the risk of a collision, so it makes sense.", "Wow that does sound risky, I'm glad cars are so much safer now, especially because accidents are so common, 54 million people sustained injuries from car accidents in 2013 alone!" ]

[ "Traffic collision", "Traffic collision", "Traffic collision", "Traffic collision" ]

[ "Farmer", "Interesting. Are you a farmer yourself?", "Ah. I bet its hard work. My desk job seems much easier!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer (also called an agriculturer) is a person engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food or raw materials.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The term usually applies to people who do some combination of raising field crops, orchards, vineyards, poultry, or other livestock.", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer might own the farmed land or might work as a laborer on land owned by others, but in advanced economies, a farmer is usually a farm owner, while employees of the farm are known as farm workers, or farmhands.", "Farmer __knowledge__ However, in the not so distant past, a farmer was a person who promotes or improves the growth of (a plant, crop, etc.)", "Farmer __knowledge__ by labor and attention, land or crops or raises animals (as livestock or fish).", "Farmer __knowledge__ Farming has been dated back as far as the Neolithic era.", "Farmer __knowledge__ By the Bronze Age, the Sumerians had an agriculture specialized labor force by 5000–4000 BCE, and heavily depended on irrigation to grow crops.", "Farmer __knowledge__ They relied on three-person teams when harvesting in the spring.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The Ancient Egypt farmers farmed and relied and irrigated their water from the Nile.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Animal husbandry, the practice of rearing animals specifically for farming purposes, has existed for thousands of years.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Dogs were domesticated in East Asia about 15,000 years ago." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer (also called an agriculturer) is a person engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food or raw materials.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The term usually applies to people who do some combination of raising field crops, orchards, vineyards, poultry, or other livestock.", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer might own the farmed land or might work as a laborer on land owned by others, but in advanced economies, a farmer is usually a farm owner, while employees of the farm are known as farm workers, or farmhands.", "Farmer __knowledge__ However, in the not so distant past, a farmer was a person who promotes or improves the growth of (a plant, crop, etc.)", "Farmer __knowledge__ by labor and attention, land or crops or raises animals (as livestock or fish).", "Farmer __knowledge__ Farming has been dated back as far as the Neolithic era.", "Farmer __knowledge__ By the Bronze Age, the Sumerians had an agriculture specialized labor force by 5000–4000 BCE, and heavily depended on irrigation to grow crops.", "Farmer __knowledge__ They relied on three-person teams when harvesting in the spring.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The Ancient Egypt farmers farmed and relied and irrigated their water from the Nile.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Animal husbandry, the practice of rearing animals specifically for farming purposes, has existed for thousands of years.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Dogs were domesticated in East Asia about 15,000 years ago.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ Richard Dwight \"Richie\" Farmer (born August 25, 1969) is an American former collegiate basketball player and Republican Party politician from the U.S. state of Kentucky.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ He served as the Kentucky Agriculture Commissioner from 2004 to 2012 and was the running mate of David L. Williams in the 2011 gubernatorial election.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ After leaving office, Farmer was investigated for violating state campaign finance laws and misappropriating state resources and was sentenced to 27 months in federal prison along with a concurrent 12 months in state prison.", "Richie Farmer __knowledge__ A point guard, Farmer led Clay County High School to the 1987 Kentucky High School Athletic Association (KHSAA) State Basketball Championship and, in 1988, was named Kentucky Mr. Basketball and Kentucky Associated Press Male High School Athlete of the Year after setting a championship game record with 51 points in a losing effort.", "Guy Otto Farmer __knowledge__ Guy Otto Farmer (September 13, 1912 – October 4, 1995) was an American lawyer and civil servant.", "Guy Otto Farmer __knowledge__ He was Chairman of the United States National Labor Relations Board from July 1953 to August 1955.", "Guy Otto Farmer __knowledge__ After leaving government service, he represented the Bituminous Coal Operators Association, the collective bargaining arm of the bituminous coal mining industry in the United States.", "Guy Otto Farmer __knowledge__ Farmer was born September 13, 1912, to Harbert and Kate (Bell) Farmer of Foster Falls, Virginia.", "Guy Otto Farmer __knowledge__ He had seven brothers and two sisters.", "Guy Otto Farmer __knowledge__ His father was a coal mine foreman, and when Farmer was an infant the family moved to the small town of Maybeury, West Virginia.", "Frances Farmer __knowledge__ Frances Elena Farmer (September 19, 1913 – August 1, 1970) was an American actress and television host.", "Frances Farmer __knowledge__ She is perhaps better known for sensationalized accounts of her life, especially her involuntary commitment to a mental hospital.", "Frances Farmer __knowledge__ Farmer began her career as a stage actress, performing stock theater in New York City and later appearing on Broadway.", "Frances Farmer __knowledge__ She made her film debut in \"Too Many Parents\" (1936), and was subsequently featured in a starring role in the musical western, \"Rhythm on the Range\" (1936) opposite Bing Crosby, and \"The Toast of New York\" (1937) with Cary Grant.", "Frances Farmer __knowledge__ After signing a contract with Paramount Pictures, Farmer appeared in \"Exclusive\" (1937), \"World Premiere\" (1941), and the film noir \"Among the Living\" (1941).", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of all 90 television episodes from the British television series \"All Creatures Great and Small\".", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ Dates shown are original broadcast dates on BBC One.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The core quartet of characters — James Herriot, Siegfried Farnon, Tristan Farnon and Helen Herriot (née Alderson) — appear, unless otherwise stated.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ James and Siegfried are the only two characters to appear in every episode.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ Tristan appears in 65 episodes, Helen in 87.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The final appearances of regular cast members are also noted.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The opening credits, filmed in 1977 for the first three series, feature Siegfried and James driving around the Dales and, at one point, sharing a laugh in the car.", "Green Acre Bahá'í School __knowledge__ Green Acre Bahá'í School is one of three leading institutions owned by the National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of the United States.", "Green Acre Bahá'í School __knowledge__ The name of the site has had various versions of \"Green Acre\" since before its founding in 1894 by Sarah Farmer and is a conference facility in Eliot, Maine, in the United States.", "Green Acre Bahá'í School __knowledge__ It had a prolonged process of progress and challenge while run by Farmer until about 1913 when she was indisposed after converting to the Bahá'í Faith in 1900.", "Green Acre Bahá'í School __knowledge__ `Abdu'l-Bahá, then head of the religion, visited there during his travels in the West in 1912.", "Green Acre Bahá'í School __knowledge__ Farmer died in 1916 and thereafter it had evolved into the quintessential Bahá'í school directly inspiring Louhelen Bahá'í School and Bosch Bahá'í School, the other two of the three schools owned by the national assembly, and today serves as a leading institution of the religion in America.", "Mylène Farmer __knowledge__ Mylène Farmer (; born Mylène Jeanne Gautier; ; born 12 September 1961) is a Canadian-born French recording artist, songwriter, occasional actress, writer and entrepreneur.", "Mylène Farmer __knowledge__ She was born in Pierrefonds, Quebec, to a French family, and brought up in France.", "Mylène Farmer __knowledge__ She has sold more than 30 million records in France and is among the most successful recording artists of all-time in France.", "Mylène Farmer __knowledge__ She holds the record for the most number one hits in the French charts, with fifteen to date – eight of which were consecutive.", "Mylène Farmer __knowledge__ Twelve of her albums have also reached number one in France.", "Mylène Farmer __knowledge__ Mylène Farmer was born in Pierrefonds, Quebec, Canada.", "Art Farmer __knowledge__ Arthur Stewart Farmer (August 21, 1928 – October 4, 1999) was an American jazz trumpeter and flugelhorn player.", "Art Farmer __knowledge__ He also played flumpet, a trumpet–flugelhorn combination specially designed for him.", "Art Farmer __knowledge__ He and his identical twin brother, double bassist Addison Farmer, started playing professionally while in high school.", "Art Farmer __knowledge__ Art gained greater attention after the release of a recording of his composition \"Farmer's Market\" in 1952.", "Art Farmer __knowledge__ He subsequently moved from Los Angeles to New York, where he performed and recorded with musicians such as Horace Silver, Sonny Rollins, and Gigi Gryce and became known principally as a bebop player.", "Huaco (pottery) __knowledge__ Huaco or Guaco is the generic name given in Peru mostly to earthen vessels and other finely made pottery artworks by the indigenous peoples of the Americas found in pre-Columbian sites such as burial locations, sanctuaries, temples and other ancient ruins.", "Huaco (pottery) __knowledge__ Huacos are not mere earthenware but notable pottery specimens linked to ceremonial, religious, artistic or aesthetic uses in central Andean, pre-Columbian civilizations.", "Huaco (pottery) __knowledge__ The Huari (Wari), along with the Nazca, the Moche and others, were among the major creators of figurines who passed down through history their unique skills in ceramics.", "Huaco (pottery) __knowledge__ The Incas, who absorbed all the cultures in the time of its expansion, also produced huacos.", "Objective-C __knowledge__ Objective-C is a general-purpose, object-oriented programming language that adds Smalltalk-style messaging to the C programming language.", "Objective-C __knowledge__ It was the main programming language used by Apple for the OS X and iOS operating systems, and their respective application programming interfaces (APIs) Cocoa and Cocoa Touch prior to the introduction of Swift.", "Objective-C __knowledge__ The programming language Objective-C was originally developed in the early 1980s.", "Objective-C __knowledge__ It was selected as the main language used by NeXT for its NeXTSTEP operating system, from which OS X and iOS are derived.", "Objective-C __knowledge__ Portable Objective-C programs that do not use the Cocoa or Cocoa Touch libraries, or those using parts that may be ported or reimplemented for other systems, can also be compiled for any system supported by GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) or Clang.", "Homosexuality in ancient Peru __knowledge__ Some evidence for homosexual behavior in ancient Peru has survived since the Spanish conquest of Peru in the form of erotic ceramics (Spanish: \"huacos eróticos\").", "Homosexuality in ancient Peru __knowledge__ Such pottery originated from several ancient civilizations of Peru, the most famous of these being the Moche and Chimu cultures.", "Homosexuality in ancient Peru __knowledge__ Once the Spanish arrived, in the 16th century, they were astonished at the sexual practices of the natives.", "Homosexuality in ancient Peru __knowledge__ Viceroy Francisco de Toledo and the priests were aghast to discover that homosexuality was accepted and that the indigenous population also did not prohibit premarital sex or hold female chastity to be of any particular importance.", "Marinera __knowledge__ Marinera is a coastal dance of Peru.", "Marinera __knowledge__ Marinera is a graceful and romantic couple's dance that uses handkerchiefs as props.", "Marinera __knowledge__ The dance is an elegant and stylized reenactment of a courtship, and it shows a blend of the different cultures of Peru.", "Marinera __knowledge__ The dance itself has gained a lot of recognition and is one of the most popular traditional dances of Peru.", "Marinera __knowledge__ Ever since the 1960s, during the month of January, in the city of Trujillo, declared national capital of this dance by law No.", "Marinera __knowledge__ 24,447, January 24, in 1986, and a \"National Contest of Marinera Norteña\" is held.", "Marinera __knowledge__ In 2012, the Congress of the Peruvian Republic declared October 7 as \"Marinera Day\" in Trujillo City, which is celebrated with a parade and dance expressions.", "Elena Baltacha __knowledge__ Elena Sergeevna Baltacha (; 14 August 1983 – 4 May 2014) was a Ukrainian-born British professional tennis player.", "Elena Baltacha __knowledge__ Being a four-time winner of the AEGON Awards, she was also a long-term British No.", "Elena Baltacha __knowledge__ 1, a position she held intermittently from 2002 to 2012.", "Elena Baltacha __knowledge__ However, due to her absence from competition due to knee surgery, she dropped down the world rankings and at the time of her retirement on 18 November 2013, she was ranked as the world No.", "Elena Baltacha __knowledge__ 221 and British No.", "Elena Baltacha __knowledge__ 6.", "Elena Baltacha __knowledge__ Her career high ranking of World No.", "Elena Baltacha __knowledge__ 49 was achieved in September 2010.", "Elena Baltacha __knowledge__ Over the course of her career she won eleven ITF singles titles (five $25,000, two $50,000, two $75,000, and two $100,000) and four ITF doubles titles (all $25,000).", "3rd Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalion __knowledge__ 3rd Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalion (3rd LAR) is a fast and mobilized armored terrestrial reconnaissance battalion of the United States Marine Corps.", "3rd Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalion __knowledge__ Their primary weapon system is the LAV-25 and they are part of the 1st Marine Division and I Marine Expeditionary Force.", "3rd Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalion __knowledge__ The unit is based out of the Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center Twentynine Palms, California.", "3rd Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalion __knowledge__ An Organic Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalion consists of four line companies, a combat trains element, a field trains element, and a combat operations center (COC) organized as follows: An organic Light Armored Reconnaissance Company consists of five platoons of light armored vehicles (LAVs) organized as follows: An LAV-25 crew consists of a driver, usually a junior 0313 (the MOS designation for LAV Crewman), a gunner, and a vehicle commander (VC)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer (also called an agriculturer) is a person engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food or raw materials.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The term usually applies to people who do some combination of raising field crops, orchards, vineyards, poultry, or other livestock.", "Farmer __knowledge__ A farmer might own the farmed land or might work as a laborer on land owned by others, but in advanced economies, a farmer is usually a farm owner, while employees of the farm are known as farm workers, or farmhands.", "Farmer __knowledge__ However, in the not so distant past, a farmer was a person who promotes or improves the growth of (a plant, crop, etc.)", "Farmer __knowledge__ by labor and attention, land or crops or raises animals (as livestock or fish).", "Farmer __knowledge__ Farming has been dated back as far as the Neolithic era.", "Farmer __knowledge__ By the Bronze Age, the Sumerians had an agriculture specialized labor force by 5000–4000 BCE, and heavily depended on irrigation to grow crops.", "Farmer __knowledge__ They relied on three-person teams when harvesting in the spring.", "Farmer __knowledge__ The Ancient Egypt farmers farmed and relied and irrigated their water from the Nile.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Animal husbandry, the practice of rearing animals specifically for farming purposes, has existed for thousands of years.", "Farmer __knowledge__ Dogs were domesticated in East Asia about 15,000 years ago.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 (樱野3加1), also known as Sakurano in the Philippines, is a Taiwanese drama that airs Sunday on TTV/SETTV.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ This drama brings back Ming Dao and Joe Chen Qiao En.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian, Jia Jiang, Fang Wei, and Bulu all grew up on Westside Street together and currently study in Ying Ye School, one month away from graduation.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian's dad is a police officer in Westside Street and is retiring tomorrow.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ But just on that day, they all had a fight at school with the Dinosaur gang, and were almost expelled by the principal.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Officer Xia went to settle the conflict and not only did it not get settled, his gun got misplaced by the principal too.", "List of The Office (U.S. TV series) characters __knowledge__ \"The Office\" is a television series based on the British television comedy of the same name.", "List of The Office (U.S. TV series) characters __knowledge__ The format of the series is a parody of the fly on the wall documentary technique that intersperses traditional situation comedy segments with mock interviews with the show's characters, provides the audience access to the ongoing interior monologues for all of the main characters, as well as occasional insights into other characters within the show.", "List of The Office (U.S. TV series) characters __knowledge__ Joleen MaryAnn \"Jo\" Bennett (Kathy Bates) is the CEO of Sabre, the company that buys Dunder Mifflin in season 6.", "List of The Office (U.S. TV series) characters __knowledge__ In season 8 she gives up the CEO position but remains chairman of the board.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "List of The Bill characters (M–P) __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the police drama \"The Bill\" ordered alphabetically by character surname.", "List of The Bill characters (M–P) __knowledge__ For a full list of characters ordered by rank, see list of \"The Bill\" characters.", "List of The Bill characters (M–P) __knowledge__ The characters are all police personnel at Sun Hill police station in London.", "List of The Bill characters (M–P) __knowledge__ Sergeant John Maitland arrived at Sun Hill under a bit of a cloud.", "List of The Bill characters (M–P) __knowledge__ At his previous north London station this young sergeant had shopped two traffic cops for drinking on duty.", "List of The Bill characters (M–P) __knowledge__ No one could argue that he did not do the right thing by the book, but the incident left a nasty taste.", "List of The Bill characters (M–P) __knowledge__ Sun Hill looked at him more kindly when Ted Roach was attacked by a gang of thugs.", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ Toby Flenderson, M.S.W.", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ (born in 1971) is a fictional character on the U.S. comedy television series, \"The Office\".", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ He is portrayed by the show's writer, director, producer and showrunner Paul Lieberstein, and is an original character with no equivalent in The Office (UK TV series).", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ Toby Flenderson is the human resources representative for the Scranton branch of paper distributor Dunder Mifflin/Sabre.", "Toby Flenderson __knowledge__ Mild-mannered to the point of being physically incapable to voice his opinions or assert himself, Toby can be somewhat mournful about his life choices (he fell into the field of Human Resources after leaving his training at seminary in order to pursue the woman he'd later marry and painfully divorce).", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture, urban farming, or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around a village, town, or city.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can reflect varying levels of economic and social development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the global north, it often takes the form of a social movement for sustainable communities, where organic growers, ‘foodies,’ and ‘locavores’ form social networks founded on a shared ethos of nature and community holism.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication refers to the use of communication to facilitate social development.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication engages stakeholders and policy makers, establishes conducive environments, assesses risks and opportunities and promotes information exchanges to bring about positive social change via sustainable development.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication techniques include information dissemination and education, behavior change, social marketing, social mobilization, media advocacy, communication for social change and community participation.", "Development communication __knowledge__ Development communication has been labeled the \"Fifth Theory of the Press\", with \"social transformation and development\", and \"the fulfillment of basic needs\" as its primary purposes.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ The history of Missouri begins with settlement of the region by indigenous people during the Paleo-Indian period beginning in about 12,000 BC.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ Subsequent periods of native life emerged until the 17th century.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ New France set up small settlements, and in 1803 Napoleonic France sold the area to the U.S. as part of the Louisiana Purchase.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ Statehood for Missouri came following a compromise in 1820 that allowed slavery.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ Settlement was rapid after 1820, aided by a network of rivers navigable by steamboats, centered in the dominant city St. Louis.", "History of Missouri __knowledge__ It attracted European immigrants, especially Germans; the business community had a large Yankee element as well.", "New Deal __knowledge__ The New Deal was a series of federal programs, public work projects, financial reforms and regulations enacted in the United States during the 1930s in response to the Great Depression.", "New Deal __knowledge__ Some of these federal programs included the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), the Civil Works Administration (CWA), the Farm Security Administration (FSA), the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 (NIRA) and the Social Security Administration (SSA).", "New Deal __knowledge__ These programs included support for farmers, the unemployed, youth and the elderly as well as new constraints and safeguards on the banking industry and changes to the monetary system.", "History of agriculture in the United States __knowledge__ The history of agriculture in the United States covers the period from the first English settlers to the present day.", "History of agriculture in the United States __knowledge__ In Colonial America, agriculture was the primary livelihood for 90% of the population, and most towns were shipping points for the export of agricultural products.", "History of agriculture in the United States __knowledge__ Most farms were geared toward subsistence production for family use.", "History of agriculture in the United States __knowledge__ The rapid growth of population and the expansion of the frontier opened up large numbers of new farms, and clearing the land was a major preoccupation of farmers.", "History of agriculture in the United States __knowledge__ After 1800, cotton became the chief crop in southern plantations, and the chief American export.", "Common Agricultural Policy __knowledge__ The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is the agricultural policy of the European Union.", "Common Agricultural Policy __knowledge__ It implements a system of agricultural subsidies and other programmes.", "Common Agricultural Policy __knowledge__ It was introduced in 1962 and has undergone several changes since then to reduce the cost (from 71% of the EU budget in 1984 to 39% in 2013) and to also consider rural development in its aims.", "Common Agricultural Policy __knowledge__ It has been criticised on the grounds of its cost, and its environmental and humanitarian impacts.", "Common Agricultural Policy __knowledge__ The circumstance that led to the development of the CAP occurred in the late 1950s to late 1960s.", "Common Agricultural Policy __knowledge__ At the time, there was no example of a successful agricultural integration in Europe.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ The effects of global warming include its gayon human health.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ The observed and projected increased frequency and severity of climate related impacts will further exacerbate the effects on human health.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ This article describes some of those effects on individuals and populations.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ A good example of the impact of global warming on health can be seen in the disease Erythromelalgia.", "Effects of global warming on human health __knowledge__ This is a vascular disease that is commonly triggered by the involvement of change in temperature, which leads to syndromes including (first and second degree) burning pain, increased temperature, erythema and swelling, of mainly the hands and feet that are affected." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "a farmer is aperson engaged in agriculture", "no but many people around me are farmers who deal with agriculture", "yea being a farmer and working with food and organisms seems hard" ]

[ "Farmer", "Farmer", "Farmer" ]

[ "Collie", "Yeah Collies are absolutely wonderful dogs.", "That's so cool! What else do you know about them?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a distinctive type of herding dog, including many related landraces and standardised breeds.", "Collie __knowledge__ The type originated in Scotland and Northern England.", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a medium-sized, fairly lightly built dog, with a pointed snout.", "Collie __knowledge__ Many types have a distinctive white pattern over the shoulders.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collies are very active and agile, and most types of collies have a very strong herding instinct.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collie breeds have spread through many parts of the world (especially Australia and North America) and have diversified into many varieties, sometimes with mixture from other dog types.", "Collie __knowledge__ Some collie breeds have remained as working dogs, used for herding cattle, sheep and other livestock, while others are kept as pets, show dogs or for dog sports, in which they display great agility, stamina and trainability.", "Collie __knowledge__ While the AKC has a breed they call \"Collie\", in fact collie dogs are a distinctive type of herding dog including many related landraces and formal breeds.", "Collie __knowledge__ There are usually major distinctions between show dogs and those bred for herding trials or dog sports.", "Collie __knowledge__ They typically display great agility, stamina and trainability and more importantly sagacity.", "Collie __knowledge__ Common use of the name \"collie\" in some areas is limited largely to certain breeds – such as to the Rough Collie in parts of the United States, or to the Border Collie in many rural parts of Great Britain." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a distinctive type of herding dog, including many related landraces and standardised breeds.", "Collie __knowledge__ The type originated in Scotland and Northern England.", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a medium-sized, fairly lightly built dog, with a pointed snout.", "Collie __knowledge__ Many types have a distinctive white pattern over the shoulders.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collies are very active and agile, and most types of collies have a very strong herding instinct.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collie breeds have spread through many parts of the world (especially Australia and North America) and have diversified into many varieties, sometimes with mixture from other dog types.", "Collie __knowledge__ Some collie breeds have remained as working dogs, used for herding cattle, sheep and other livestock, while others are kept as pets, show dogs or for dog sports, in which they display great agility, stamina and trainability.", "Collie __knowledge__ While the AKC has a breed they call \"Collie\", in fact collie dogs are a distinctive type of herding dog including many related landraces and formal breeds.", "Collie __knowledge__ There are usually major distinctions between show dogs and those bred for herding trials or dog sports.", "Collie __knowledge__ They typically display great agility, stamina and trainability and more importantly sagacity.", "Collie __knowledge__ Common use of the name \"collie\" in some areas is limited largely to certain breeds – such as to the Rough Collie in parts of the United States, or to the Border Collie in many rural parts of Great Britain.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ The Border Collie is a working and herding dog breed developed in the Anglo-Scottish border region for herding livestock, especially sheep.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ It was specifically bred for intelligence and obedience.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Considered highly intelligent, extremely energetic, acrobatic and athletic, they frequently compete with great success in sheepdog trials and dog sports.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ They are often cited as the most intelligent of all domestic dogs.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Border Collies continue to be employed in their traditional work of herding livestock throughout the world.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ In general, Border Collies are medium-sized dogs with a moderate amount of coat, which is most often thick and sheds often.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ The Rough Collie (also known as the Long-Haired Collie) is a long-coated breed of medium to large size dog that in its original form was a type of collie used and bred for herding in Scotland.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ Originating in the 1800s, it is now well known through the works of author Albert Payson Terhune, and through the \"Lassie\" novel, movies, and television shows.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ There is also a smooth-coated variety; some breed organisations, including both the American and the Canadian Kennel Clubs, consider the smooth-coat and rough-coat dogs to be variations of the same breed.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ Rough Collies generally come in shades of sable, merles, and tri-coloured.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ The Scotch Collie is a landrace breed of dog which originated from the highland regions of Scotland.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ The breed consisted of both the long-haired (now known as Rough) Collie and the short-haired (now known as Smooth) Collie.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ It is generally believed to have descended from a variety of ancient herding dogs, some dating back to the Roman occupation, which may have included Roman Cattle Dogs, Native Celtic Dogs and Viking Herding Spitzes.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ Other ancestors include the Gordon and Irish Setters.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ In Scotland, this dog was referred to as \"cooley\", \"coaly\" and \"colley\" dogs.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ The name \"Collie\" is thought to come from the Old English word for \"black\" or \"coal\" (coll) and may have referred to a type of sheep (Coaley) which they were once used to herd.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ The Bearded Collie, or Beardie, is a herding breed of dog once used primarily by Scottish shepherds, but now mostly a popular family companion.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ Bearded Collies have an average weight of .", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ Males are around tall at the withers while females are around tall.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ The Bearded Collie's history is a combination of fact and legend.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ Kazimierz Grabski, a Polish merchant, reportedly traded a shipment of grain for sheep in Scotland in 1514 and brought six Polish Lowland Sheepdogs to move them.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ A Scottish shepherd was so impressed with the herding ability of the dogs that he traded several sheep for several dogs.", "Lad, A Dog __knowledge__ Lad: A Dog is a 1919 American novel written by Albert Payson Terhune and published by E. P. Dutton.", "Lad, A Dog __knowledge__ Composed of twelve short stories first published in magazines, the novel is based on the life of Terhune's real-life rough collie, Lad.", "Lad, A Dog __knowledge__ Born in 1902, the real-life Lad was an unregistered collie of unknown lineage originally owned by Terhune's father.", "Lad, A Dog __knowledge__ Lad's death in 1918 was mourned by many of the story's fans, particularly children.", "Lad, A Dog __knowledge__ Through the stories of Lad's adventures, Terhune expresses his views on parenting, obtaining perfect obedience without force, and the nature and rights of the \"well-bred\".", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ The Shetland Sheepdog, also known as the Sheltie, is a breed of herding dog that originated in the Shetland Islands.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ The original name of this breed was Shetland Collie, but when this caused controversy among the Rough Collie breeders of the time, the breed's name was formally changed to \"Shetland Sheepdog\".", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ This hard-working small dog is intelligent, vocal, excitable, and willing to please.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ The breed was formally recognized by The Kennel Club in 1909.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ Like the Shetland pony and the Shetland sheep, the Shetland Sheepdog is a hardy but diminutive breed, developed to thrive amidst the harsh and meager conditions of its native island.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ A herding dog, also known as a stock dog or working dog, is a type of pastoral dog that either has been trained in herding or belongs to breeds developed for herding.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ Their ability to be trained to act on the sound of a whistle or word of command is renowned throughout the world.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ Collies are recommended as herding dogs.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ All herding behavior is modified predatory behavior.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ Through selective breeding, humans have been able to minimize the dog's natural inclination to treat cattle and sheep as prey while simultaneously maintaining the dog's hunting skills, thereby creating an effective herding dog.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ The Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), or simply Cattle Dog, is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia for droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ This breed is a medium-sized, short-coated dog that occurs in two main colour forms.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It has either brown or black hair distributed fairly evenly through a white coat, which gives the appearance of a \"red\" or \"blue\" dog.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ As with dogs from other working breeds, the Australian Cattle Dog is energetic and intelligent with an independent streak.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It responds well to structured training, particularly if it is interesting and challenging.", "Koolie __knowledge__ The Koolie (also known as the Australian Koolie or by the misnomer German Coolie) is an Australian dog breed.", "Koolie __knowledge__ The Koolie is a working or herding dog which has existed in Australia since the early 19th century when it was bred from imported British working dogs.", "Koolie __knowledge__ Robert Kaleski, in an article on Cattle Dogs in the August 1903 issue of the Agricultural Gazette of New South Wales, describes the \"Welsh heeler or merle, erroneously known as the German collie,\" as a \"blue-gray dog about the size and build of a smooth-haired collie, generally with wall eyes.\"", "Koolie __knowledge__ The British background predominated in the dogs that came to be associated with the \"German collie\" name." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a distinctive type of herding dog, including many related landraces and standardised breeds.", "Collie __knowledge__ The type originated in Scotland and Northern England.", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a medium-sized, fairly lightly built dog, with a pointed snout.", "Collie __knowledge__ Many types have a distinctive white pattern over the shoulders.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collies are very active and agile, and most types of collies have a very strong herding instinct.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collie breeds have spread through many parts of the world (especially Australia and North America) and have diversified into many varieties, sometimes with mixture from other dog types.", "Collie __knowledge__ Some collie breeds have remained as working dogs, used for herding cattle, sheep and other livestock, while others are kept as pets, show dogs or for dog sports, in which they display great agility, stamina and trainability.", "Collie __knowledge__ While the AKC has a breed they call \"Collie\", in fact collie dogs are a distinctive type of herding dog including many related landraces and formal breeds.", "Collie __knowledge__ There are usually major distinctions between show dogs and those bred for herding trials or dog sports.", "Collie __knowledge__ They typically display great agility, stamina and trainability and more importantly sagacity.", "Collie __knowledge__ Common use of the name \"collie\" in some areas is limited largely to certain breeds – such as to the Rough Collie in parts of the United States, or to the Border Collie in many rural parts of Great Britain.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Coolness is an aesthetic of attitude, behavior, comportment, appearance and style which is generally admired.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Because of the varied and changing connotations of cool, as well as its subjective nature, the word has no single meaning.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ It has associations of composure and self-control (cf.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ the OED definition) and often is used as an expression of admiration or approval.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Although commonly regarded as slang, it is widely used among disparate social groups and has endured in usage for generations.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ There is no single concept of cool.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ One of the essential characteristics of cool is its mutability—what is considered cool changes over time and varies among cultures and generations.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ James Todd Smith (born January 14, 1968), better known by his stage name LL Cool J (short for Ladies Love Cool James), is an American rapper, actor, author and entrepreneur from Queens, New York.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ He is known for such hip hop hits as \"Going Back to Cali\", \"I'm Bad\", \"The Boomin' System\", \"Rock The Bells\" and \"Mama Said Knock You Out\", as well as romantic ballads such as \"Doin' It\", \"I Need Love\", \"Around the Way Girl\" and \"Hey Lover\".", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ LL Cool J has released 13 studio albums and two greatest hits compilations.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ His twelfth album \"Exit 13\" (2008), was his last for his long-tenured deal with Def Jam Recordings.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Hip Hip Hurray (TV series) __knowledge__ Hip Hip Hurray is an Indian television series created and directed by Nupur Asthana that first aired on Zee TV channel from 21 August 1998 to 25 May 2001.", "Hip Hip Hurray (TV series) __knowledge__ The story is based on the lives of 12th grade students at the DeNobili High School and their adventures, their fears and hopes, and their relationships and interactions.", "Hip Hip Hurray (TV series) __knowledge__ Besides that, the story also focuses on issues pertinent for the younger generation such as dating, drugs, careers, health, exams, and causes, in a light-hearted manner.", "Hip Hip Hurray (TV series) __knowledge__ The first season of the series more focused on the stars where they were in school flitting through life with joys and sorrows of life as students.", "Michel de Kemmeter __knowledge__ Michel de Kemmeter (born ) is a Belgian entrepreneur, real estate investor and author from Ghent.", "Michel de Kemmeter __knowledge__ He started in the field of specialized renovation.", "Michel de Kemmeter __knowledge__ Since 2005 he researches and writes about personal development, intangible assets and human sustainable development.", "Michel de Kemmeter __knowledge__ Today he is an expert in economic transition.", "Michel de Kemmeter __knowledge__ Michel de Kemmeter attended the Rijksuniversiteit Gent University in Belgium.", "Michel de Kemmeter __knowledge__ Later on, he attended the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven for the degree in Sales Engineer.", "Michel de Kemmeter __knowledge__ His works were published in French language, English and German.", "Michel de Kemmeter __knowledge__ His first published books were reference books on construction materials, such as natural stone, blue stone and wood.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ Post is the second solo studio album by Icelandic musician Björk.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ The album was released in June 1995 through One Little Indian in the United Kingdom and Elektra Records in the United States.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ Unlike her previous release \"Debut\"—which was almost entirely produced by Nellee Hooper—\"Post\" is characterised by more collaborations, including production by Hooper, 808 State's Graham Massey, and former Massive Attack member Tricky.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ Björk co-produced every song on the album.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ \"Post\" received critical acclaim and was a commercial success, charting at number 2 in the United Kingdom and 32 in the United States.", "Jordan Malone __knowledge__ Jordan Malone (born April 20, 1984) is an American short track speed skater who was a member of the US Olympic Team for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "Jordan Malone __knowledge__ He is from Denton, Texas, and is an alumnus of the Texas Tech University Independent School District.", "Jordan Malone __knowledge__ Jordan competed in the 2014 Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia.", "Jordan Malone __knowledge__ During one of the Olympic days, Malone got stuck in a bathroom and, later that same day, got stuck in an elevator.", "Jordan Malone __knowledge__ Jordan is a -year-old native of Denton, Texas and the only child of single mom, Peggy Aitken.", "Jordan Malone __knowledge__ He's lived in Nante, France; Oldebroek, the Netherlands; Long Beach, California; Colorado Springs, Colorado, and Salt Lake City, Utah.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "Vladimir Andreyevich Komarov __knowledge__ Vladimir Andreevich Komarov (; born 14 September 1976, Novosibirsk) is a Russian musician, singer, songwriter, sound producer, DJ, and journalist.", "Vladimir Andreyevich Komarov __knowledge__ He is the founder of Hot Zex and frontman of .", "Vladimir Andreyevich Komarov __knowledge__ Vladimir's interest in modern pop music was sparked at age six, when his mother brought back a tape recorder and some Beatles cassettes from a trip to Japan.", "Vladimir Andreyevich Komarov __knowledge__ In 1989, Vladimir left music school after completing his eighth year as a major in piano and a third year in Jazz and Pop faculty.", "Vladimir Andreyevich Komarov __knowledge__ On 1 September 1991, he started a school art-punk band named Shoe Repair, which morphed into a more serious project, Hot Zex, in the next couple of months." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4 ]

[ "ever heard of a collie? its a distinctive type of herding dog including many related lanraces and standized breeds. familiar?", "oh good youve heard! well fun fact they actually originated in scotland and nothern england!", "a lot of collies have a special whie pattern over their shoulders. they are medium sized and have a pointed snout." ]

[ "Collie", "Collie", "Collie" ]

[ "Vancouver Grizzlies\nI love the Vancouver Grizzlies team - do you know much about them?", "Yes - and they are now the Memphis Grizzlies", "Basketball is such a fun sport - I am glad the seasons are so long. ", "yes - I'd rather check out Vancouver - I heard it's beautiful. I wonder why they moved. ", "oh that's true - probably more 'fans' there than in Vancouver since basketball is so popular in the US, right?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Vancouver Grizzlies were a Canadian professional basketball team based in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ They were part of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Toronto Raptors, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Following the 2000–01 season, the team relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, United States, and are known as the Memphis Grizzlies.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies played their home games at General Motors Place for the entirety of their 6 seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Like most expansion teams, the Grizzlies struggled in their early years.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team finished last in the division in five of its seasons, and never managed to win more than 30 percent of its games in any of the team's seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ In total, the team won 101 games, lost 359, and never qualified for the NBA playoffs.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The two expansion teams were denied early draft picks in the first season, but the Grizzlies secured Shareef Abdur-Rahim in 1996.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team continued to lose games despite high draft picks.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ After they selected Steve Francis as second pick in 1999, he refused to play in Vancouver and was traded away.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ After the 1998–99 lockout, lower attendance and a weak Canadian dollar caused the owner Orca Bay Sports and Entertainment to start losing money on the franchise.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Memphis Grizzlies are an American professional basketball team based in Memphis, Tennessee.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member team of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies play their home games at FedExForum.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team is owned by Robert Pera.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies are currently the only team in the major professional North American sports leagues based in the city of Memphis.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team was originally established as the Vancouver Grizzlies, an expansion team that joined the NBA for the .", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ After the 2000–01 NBA season concluded, the Grizzlies moved to Memphis.", "Vancouver Grizzlies relocation to Memphis __knowledge__ The Vancouver Grizzlies relocation to Memphis was a successful effort by the ownership group of the Vancouver Grizzlies to move the basketball team from the Canadian city of Vancouver, British Columbia, to the United States city of Memphis, Tennessee.", "Vancouver Grizzlies relocation to Memphis __knowledge__ The team began play as the Memphis Grizzlies in the 2001–02 season.", "Vancouver Grizzlies relocation to Memphis __knowledge__ It was the first of three National Basketball Association (NBA) franchise moves between 2001 and 2008, and the third of four major league teams to relocate from Canada to the United States between 1995 and 2005.", "Vancouver Grizzlies relocation to Memphis __knowledge__ The Grizzlies had been created as an expansion team along with the Toronto Raptors in 1995.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Memphis Grizzlies are a professional basketball team based in Memphis, Tennessee.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Vancouver Grizzlies were a Canadian professional basketball team based in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ They were part of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Toronto Raptors, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ Following the 2000–01 season, the team relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, United States, and were renamed as the Memphis Grizzlies.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team played their home games at General Motors Place for the entirety of their six seasons in Vancouver.", "Shareef Abdur-Rahim __knowledge__ Shareef Abdur-Rahim (born December 11, 1976) is an American retired professional basketball player.", "Shareef Abdur-Rahim __knowledge__ He was also the director of player personnel for the Sacramento Kings of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the general manager of the Reno Bighorns, the Kings' minor-league affiliate.", "Shareef Abdur-Rahim __knowledge__ He last played in the NBA for the Kings.", "Shareef Abdur-Rahim __knowledge__ On the basketball court, he played both forward or center positions.", "Shareef Abdur-Rahim __knowledge__ Abdur-Rahim was a standout player during his high school days.", "Shareef Abdur-Rahim __knowledge__ He left University of California, Berkeley after one year to enter the 1996 NBA draft.", "Shareef Abdur-Rahim __knowledge__ In his early NBA career, Abdur-Rahim was the star of the Vancouver Grizzlies for five seasons.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The Toronto Raptors are a Canadian professional basketball team based in Toronto, Ontario.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The Raptors compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as a member club of the league's Eastern Conference Atlantic Division.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Vancouver Grizzlies, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ When the Grizzlies relocated to Memphis, Tennessee to become the Memphis Grizzlies in 2001, the Raptors became the only Canadian-based team in the NBA.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ They originally played their home games at SkyDome, before moving eastward along Bremner Boulevard to the Air Canada Centre in 1999.", "Expansion of the National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The Expansion of the National Basketball Association has happened several times in the league's history since it began play in 1946.", "Expansion of the National Basketball Association __knowledge__ Some of the most recent examples of the expansion of the NBA are the Charlotte Hornets in 1988, Miami Heat in 1989, Vancouver Grizzlies in 1995 (who later relocated to Memphis in 2001), and New Orleans Pelicans in 2002.", "Expansion of the National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The fewest number of teams the NBA has ever had was 8 teams in both 1947–48 and 1955–56.", "Expansion of the National Basketball Association __knowledge__ There was a lot of expansion and moving of organizations in the early years of the NBA.", "Expansion of the National Basketball Association __knowledge__ During this twenty year time period is when notable franchises entered the NBA like the Syracuse Nationals (now the Philadelphia 76ers), the Philadelphia Warriors (now the Golden State Warriors), Baltimore Bullets (now the Washington Wizards) and Rochester Royals (now the Sacramento Kings)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Vancouver Grizzlies were a Canadian professional basketball team based in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ They were part of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Toronto Raptors, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Following the 2000–01 season, the team relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, United States, and are known as the Memphis Grizzlies.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies played their home games at General Motors Place for the entirety of their 6 seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Like most expansion teams, the Grizzlies struggled in their early years.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team finished last in the division in five of its seasons, and never managed to win more than 30 percent of its games in any of the team's seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ In total, the team won 101 games, lost 359, and never qualified for the NBA playoffs.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The two expansion teams were denied early draft picks in the first season, but the Grizzlies secured Shareef Abdur-Rahim in 1996.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team continued to lose games despite high draft picks.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ After they selected Steve Francis as second pick in 1999, he refused to play in Vancouver and was traded away.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ After the 1998–99 lockout, lower attendance and a weak Canadian dollar caused the owner Orca Bay Sports and Entertainment to start losing money on the franchise.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Memphis Grizzlies are an American professional basketball team based in Memphis, Tennessee.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member team of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies play their home games at FedExForum.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team is owned by Robert Pera.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies are currently the only team in the major professional North American sports leagues based in the city of Memphis.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team was originally established as the Vancouver Grizzlies, an expansion team that joined the NBA for the .", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ After the 2000–01 NBA season concluded, the Grizzlies moved to Memphis.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Memphis Grizzlies are a professional basketball team based in Memphis, Tennessee.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Vancouver Grizzlies were a Canadian professional basketball team based in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ They were part of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Toronto Raptors, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ Following the 2000–01 season, the team relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, United States, and were renamed as the Memphis Grizzlies.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team played their home games at General Motors Place for the entirety of their six seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies relocation to Memphis __knowledge__ The Vancouver Grizzlies relocation to Memphis was a successful effort by the ownership group of the Vancouver Grizzlies to move the basketball team from the Canadian city of Vancouver, British Columbia, to the United States city of Memphis, Tennessee.", "Vancouver Grizzlies relocation to Memphis __knowledge__ The team began play as the Memphis Grizzlies in the 2001–02 season.", "Vancouver Grizzlies relocation to Memphis __knowledge__ It was the first of three National Basketball Association (NBA) franchise moves between 2001 and 2008, and the third of four major league teams to relocate from Canada to the United States between 1995 and 2005.", "Vancouver Grizzlies relocation to Memphis __knowledge__ The Grizzlies had been created as an expansion team along with the Toronto Raptors in 1995.", "Pau Gasol __knowledge__ Pau Gasol Sáez (, ; born July 6, 1980) is a Spanish professional basketball player for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Pau Gasol __knowledge__ He is a six-time NBA All-Star, and a four-time All-NBA selection, twice on the second team and twice on the third team.", "Pau Gasol __knowledge__ He has won two NBA championships, both with the Los Angeles Lakers.", "Pau Gasol __knowledge__ He was the NBA Rookie of the Year in 2002 with the Memphis Grizzlies, one of only three non-American NBA players to win that award.", "Pau Gasol __knowledge__ He is the older brother of fellow NBA player Marc Gasol.", "Pau Gasol __knowledge__ Gasol was selected by the Atlanta Hawks with the third overall pick in the first round of the 2001 NBA draft, but his rights were traded to Memphis.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Dallas Mavericks (often referred to as the Mavs) are an American professional basketball team based in Dallas, Texas.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Mavericks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the American Airlines Center, which it shares with the National Hockey League's Dallas Stars.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ According to a 2016 \"Forbes\" magazine report, they are the ninth most valuable basketball franchise in the NBA, valued at approximately $1.4 billion.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ As of the 2017 season, the Mavericks have sold out 704 consecutive games since December 15, 2001, the longest currently running sellout streak in North American major league sports.", "Marc Gasol __knowledge__ Marc Gasol Sáez (; born January 29, 1985) is a Spanish professional basketball player for the Memphis Grizzlies of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Marc Gasol __knowledge__ He was drafted 48th overall in the 2007 NBA draft and went on to sign with the Grizzlies where he won the NBA Defensive Player of the Year Award in 2013.", "Marc Gasol __knowledge__ He is a two-time All-NBA Team member and a three-time NBA All-Star.", "Marc Gasol __knowledge__ Gasol has been a regular member of the Spanish national basketball team since 2006.", "Marc Gasol __knowledge__ He has won two Olympic silver medals, a FIBA Basketball World Cup title, two EuroBasket titles, a EuroBasket silver medal and EuroBasket bronze medal.", "Hamed Haddadi __knowledge__ Hamed E. Haddadi (, , born May 19, 1985) is an Iranian professional basketball player for Petrochimi Bandar Imam of the Iranian Super League.", "Hamed Haddadi __knowledge__ He plays at the center position and is 7'2\" (2.18 meters) tall and weighs 265 lbs.", "Hamed Haddadi __knowledge__ Haddadi was the first Iranian to play in the National Basketball Association (NBA) when he debuted with the Memphis Grizzlies in 2008.", "Hamed Haddadi __knowledge__ He'd also continue playing with the Grizzlies there until 2013, where he'd get traded to first the Toronto Raptors and then the Phoenix Suns before returning to Iran and then play in China soon afterwards.", "Hamed Haddadi __knowledge__ Before officially playing for a professional Iranian team, Haddadi started his basketball stint with a hometown team of his known as Shahin Ahvaz.", "Vancouver __knowledge__ Vancouver (, ) is a coastal seaport city in Canada, located in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia.", "Vancouver __knowledge__ As the most populous city in the province, the 2016 census recorded 631,486 people in the city, up from 603,502 in 2011.", "Vancouver __knowledge__ The Greater Vancouver area had a population of 2,463,431 in 2016, making it the third-largest metropolitan area in Canada.", "Vancouver __knowledge__ Vancouver has the highest population density in Canada with over 5,400 people per square kilometre, which makes it the fourth-most densely populated city with over 250,000 residents in North America behind New York City, San Francisco, and Mexico City according to the 2011 census.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The Toronto Raptors are a Canadian professional basketball team based in Toronto, Ontario.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The Raptors compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as a member club of the league's Eastern Conference Atlantic Division.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Vancouver Grizzlies, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ When the Grizzlies relocated to Memphis, Tennessee to become the Memphis Grizzlies in 2001, the Raptors became the only Canadian-based team in the NBA.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ They originally played their home games at SkyDome, before moving eastward along Bremner Boulevard to the Air Canada Centre in 1999.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ British Columbia (BC or B.C.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ ; French: \"Colombie-Britannique\") is the westernmost province of Canada, located between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ With an estimated population of 4.8 million as of 2017, it is Canada's third-most populous province.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ The first British settlement in the area was Fort Victoria, established in 1843, which gave rise to the City of Victoria, at first the capital of the separate Colony of Vancouver Island.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ Subsequently, on the mainland, the Colony of British Columbia (1858–1866) was founded by Richard Clement Moody and the Royal Engineers, Columbia Detachment, in response to the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Vancouver Grizzlies were a Canadian professional basketball team based in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ They were part of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Toronto Raptors, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Following the 2000–01 season, the team relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, United States, and are known as the Memphis Grizzlies.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies played their home games at General Motors Place for the entirety of their 6 seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Like most expansion teams, the Grizzlies struggled in their early years.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team finished last in the division in five of its seasons, and never managed to win more than 30 percent of its games in any of the team's seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ In total, the team won 101 games, lost 359, and never qualified for the NBA playoffs.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The two expansion teams were denied early draft picks in the first season, but the Grizzlies secured Shareef Abdur-Rahim in 1996.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team continued to lose games despite high draft picks.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ After they selected Steve Francis as second pick in 1999, he refused to play in Vancouver and was traded away.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ After the 1998–99 lockout, lower attendance and a weak Canadian dollar caused the owner Orca Bay Sports and Entertainment to start losing money on the franchise.", "Polo __knowledge__ Polo is a team sport played on horseback.", "Polo __knowledge__ The objective is to score goals against an opposing team.", "Polo __knowledge__ Players score by driving a small hard white ball into the opposing team's goal using a long-handled wooden mallet.", "Polo __knowledge__ The modern sport of polo is played on a grass field of .", "Polo __knowledge__ Each polo team consists of four riders and their polo ponies.", "Polo __knowledge__ Arena polo has three players per team and the game usually involves more maneuvering and shorter plays at lower speeds due to space limitations of arenas.", "Polo __knowledge__ Arena polo is played with a small air-filled ball, similar to a small football.", "Polo __knowledge__ The modern game usually lasts one to two hours and is divided into periods called chukkas (or \"chukkers\").", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Texas Longhorns men's basketball team represents The University of Texas at Austin in NCAA Division I intercollegiate men's basketball competition.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Longhorns currently compete in the Big 12 Conference.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The University of Texas began varsity intercollegiate competition in men's basketball in 1906.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Longhorns rank 17th in total victories among all NCAA Division I college basketball programs and 25th in all-time win percentage among programs with at least 50 years in Division I, with an all-time win-loss record of 1759–1057 ().", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ Among Big 12 Conference men's basketball programs, Texas is second only to Kansas in both all-time wins and all-time win percentage.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ One Tree Hill is an American television series created by Mark Schwahn for The WB in 2003.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ After its third season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which then became the broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ Schwahn served as executive producer while also writing and directing for the show, including the premieres and finales of all seasons.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ The show began with nine main characters in its first season.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ After that, characters from that first season left the show, with new main characters having been both written in and out of the series.", "List of One Tree Hill characters __knowledge__ Originally, it followed two half-brothers Lucas and Nathan Scott who started out as enemies but later formed a close bond as brothers.", "Glad (duke) __knowledge__ Glad (, , , ) was the ruler of Banat (in present-day Romania and Serbia) at the time of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin around 900 AD, according to the \"Gesta Hungarorum\".", "Glad (duke) __knowledge__ The \"Gesta\", which was written by an author known in modern scholarship as Anonymus in the second half of the 12th century or in the early 13th century, is the earliest extant Hungarian chronicle.", "Glad (duke) __knowledge__ The \"Gesta\" did not refer to the enemies of the conquering Hungarians (or Magyars), who had been mentioned in earlier annals and chronicles, but wrote of a dozen persons, including Glad, who are unknown from other primary sources of the Hungarian Conquest.", "List of The Office (U.S. TV series) characters __knowledge__ \"The Office\" is a television series based on the British television comedy of the same name.", "List of The Office (U.S. TV series) characters __knowledge__ The format of the series is a parody of the fly on the wall documentary technique that intersperses traditional situation comedy segments with mock interviews with the show's characters, provides the audience access to the ongoing interior monologues for all of the main characters, as well as occasional insights into other characters within the show.", "List of The Office (U.S. TV series) characters __knowledge__ Joleen MaryAnn \"Jo\" Bennett (Kathy Bates) is the CEO of Sabre, the company that buys Dunder Mifflin in season 6.", "List of The Office (U.S. TV series) characters __knowledge__ In season 8 she gives up the CEO position but remains chairman of the board.", "Wood Brothers Racing __knowledge__ Wood Brothers Racing is an American professional stock car racing team that currently competes in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series.", "Wood Brothers Racing __knowledge__ The team was formed in 1950 by Glen and Leonard Wood, hence the \"Wood Brothers\".", "Wood Brothers Racing __knowledge__ The Wood Brothers merged with Tad and Jodi Geschickter's JTG Racing in 2006 to increase their competitiveness and bring about sponsorship but separated for the 2008 season.", "Wood Brothers Racing __knowledge__ The Wood Brothers Racing Team holds the unique distinction of being the oldest active team in NASCAR, having fielded cars since 1950.", "Wood Brothers Racing __knowledge__ They are known for their long relationship with Ford Motor Company, and the long-standing use of number 21 on their main car.", "MidSouthCon __knowledge__ MidSouthCon is an American science-fiction convention held each March in Memphis, Tennessee, since 1982, evolving from similar events in the late 1970s.", "MidSouthCon __knowledge__ Focusing mainly on science fiction literature, it provides basic programming geared to other genres: fantasy, science, comics, horror, and gaming.", "MidSouthCon __knowledge__ It is also the event at which the Darrell Awards Jury presents its annual Darrell Awards.", "MidSouthCon __knowledge__ Memphis Fandom got restarted in 1970 (after a small group in the early 1940s was dissolved upon being drafted for World War II) with the formation of the Mid-South Fantasy Association (MSFA).", "MidSouthCon __knowledge__ In the late 1970s, they decided to put on a relaxacon, and after its success, decided to start putting on a yearly science fiction convention.", "Harahan Bridge __knowledge__ The Harahan Bridge is a cantilevered through truss bridge that carries two rail lines and a pedestrian bridge across the Mississippi River between West Memphis, Arkansas and Memphis, Tennessee.", "Harahan Bridge __knowledge__ The bridge is owned and operated by Union Pacific Railroad.", "Harahan Bridge __knowledge__ It was built with roadways cantilevered off the sides of the main structure for vehicles.", "Harahan Bridge __knowledge__ These roadways are owned by the cities of Memphis, Tennessee and Crittenden County, Arkansas, and were used from 1917-1949, until the Memphis & Arkansas Bridge opened 400 feet south of the Harahan.", "Harahan Bridge __knowledge__ The bridge was named in honor of railroad executive James Theodore Harahan, former president of the Illinois Central Railroad, who was killed in a railroad accident during the construction of the bridge.", "Sports in Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ Sports in Memphis, Tennessee are supported in the city by Memphis Park Services, which offers a wide range of public facilities, including 17 swimming pools, 8 public golf courses, 48 athletic fields hosting a range of 510 youth and 269 adult teams, 130 basketball courts (101 outdoor and 29 indoor), 7 tennis centers and a soccer complex.", "Sports in Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ Memphis is also home to professional sports teams in basketball, baseball and other sports.", "Sports in Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ Golf, basketball, baseball and tennis are popular recreational sports in Memphis.", "Sports in Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ The Memphis Grizzlies of the National Basketball Association is the only one of the \"big four\" major sports leagues in the city.", "Memphis Tigers football __knowledge__ The Memphis Tigers football team represents the University of Memphis in college football in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision.", "Memphis Tigers football __knowledge__ The Tigers play in the American Athletic Conference as an all-sports member.", "Memphis Tigers football __knowledge__ They play home games at Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium.", "Memphis Tigers football __knowledge__ The team's current head coach is Mike Norvell, who began his tenure in 2016.", "Memphis Tigers football __knowledge__ Since their inaugural season in 1912, the Memphis Tigers have won over 450 games and appeared in nine bowl games.", "Memphis Tigers football __knowledge__ The program has also claimed five conference championships with the most recent coming in 2014.", "Memphis Tigers football __knowledge__ West Tennessee State Normal School's football team had their first season in 1912.", "TN status __knowledge__ TN status or TN visa is a special non-immigrant status in the United States, Canada, and Mexico that offers expedited work authorization to a citizen of these countries.", "TN status __knowledge__ It bears a similarity, in some ways, to the US H-1B visa, but also has many unique features.", "TN status __knowledge__ Within the TN set of occupations, a United States, Canadian, or Mexican citizen can work in the one of the other two countries for up to three years, but does not have the right to apply for permanent residence.", "TN status __knowledge__ The permit may be renewed indefinitely.", "TN status __knowledge__ The visa category \"Professionals Under the North American Free Trade Agreement\" (NAFTA), also known as a TN (Treaty NAFTA) visa, is available only to citizens of Canada and Mexico, under the terms of the NAFTA.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ The 2017 St. Louis Cardinals season was the 136th for the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball (MLB), a franchise in St. Louis, Missouri.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ It was the 126th season for the Cardinals in the National League (NL), and their 12th at Busch Stadium III.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ For the first time since the 2007-2008 seasons, the Cardinals missed the playoffs in consecutive years, with a September 28 loss, in 2016-2017.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ Major League Baseball and the Players' Association reached a new, tentative CBA contract to reduce the 15-day disabled list timetable to 10-days.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ This change will allow teams to make quicker decisions on whether to bring up a roster replacement rather than wait to see if the injured player would be ready to return to action in less than two weeks.", "Diane Falkenhagen __knowledge__ Diane Falkenhagen is an American artist metalsmith living and working in Texas.", "Diane Falkenhagen __knowledge__ For more than three decades Diane Falkenhagen has been creating and exhibiting art jewelry.", "Diane Falkenhagen __knowledge__ In 1977 she received her B.F.A.", "Diane Falkenhagen __knowledge__ from the University of North Texas and in 1981 she received her M.F.A.", "Diane Falkenhagen __knowledge__ from the University of Houston.", "Diane Falkenhagen __knowledge__ A native Texan, Falkenhagen lives and works on west Galveston Island.", "Diane Falkenhagen __knowledge__ She is best known for her mixed media jewelry in which she transforms 2-D images into 3-D objects.", "Diane Falkenhagen __knowledge__ The images serve the same purpose in the pieces as a gemstone would, drawing the viewer in and focusing their attention.", "Diane Falkenhagen __knowledge__ Her images and inspiration come from art history, iconography, metaphor, and memory." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Vancouver Grizzlies were a Canadian professional basketball team based in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ They were part of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Toronto Raptors, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Following the 2000–01 season, the team relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, United States, and are known as the Memphis Grizzlies.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies played their home games at General Motors Place for the entirety of their 6 seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Like most expansion teams, the Grizzlies struggled in their early years.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team finished last in the division in five of its seasons, and never managed to win more than 30 percent of its games in any of the team's seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ In total, the team won 101 games, lost 359, and never qualified for the NBA playoffs.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The two expansion teams were denied early draft picks in the first season, but the Grizzlies secured Shareef Abdur-Rahim in 1996.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team continued to lose games despite high draft picks.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ After they selected Steve Francis as second pick in 1999, he refused to play in Vancouver and was traded away.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ After the 1998–99 lockout, lower attendance and a weak Canadian dollar caused the owner Orca Bay Sports and Entertainment to start losing money on the franchise.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Wonder Woman (TV series) __knowledge__ Wonder Woman, known from seasons 2-3 as The New Adventures of Wonder Woman, is an American television series based on the DC Comics comic book superhero of the same name.", "Wonder Woman (TV series) __knowledge__ The show stars Lynda Carter as Wonder Woman/Diana Prince and Lyle Waggoner as Steve Trevor Sr. & Jr.", "Wonder Woman (TV series) __knowledge__ It originally aired for three seasons from 1975 to 1979.", "Wonder Woman (TV series) __knowledge__ The show's first season aired on ABC and is set in the 1940s during World War II.", "Wonder Woman (TV series) __knowledge__ The second and third seasons aired on CBS and are set in the 1970s, with the title changed to \"The New Adventures of Wonder Woman\", and a complete change of cast other than Carter and Waggoner.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ State of Florida v. George Zimmerman was a criminal prosecution of George Zimmerman on the charge of second-degree murder stemming from the shooting of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ On April 11, 2012, George Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ In support of the charges, the State filed an affidavit of probable cause, stating that Zimmerman profiled and confronted Martin and shot him to death while Martin was committing no crimes.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ Florida State Attorney Angela Corey announced the charges against Zimmerman during a televised press conference and reported that Zimmerman was in custody after turning himself in to law enforcement.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ I Love Money 2 or I Love Money (season 2) is the second season of the VH1 reality television series \"I Love Money\", created by Surreal Life executive producers Cris Abrego and Mark Cronin.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ The 19 contestants for the second season were drawn from \"I Love New York\", \"Flavor of Love\", \"Rock of Love\", and \"Real Chance of Love\" to compete in physical and mental challenges, aiming for a $250,000 grand prize.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ Production began in late October 2008 & wrapped November 2008, and the show premiered on February 2, 2009 with Craig J. Jackson returning to host.", "I Love Money (season 2) __knowledge__ The winner of the competition was Angela Pitts, also known as Myammee.", "Sports in Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ Sports in Memphis, Tennessee are supported in the city by Memphis Park Services, which offers a wide range of public facilities, including 17 swimming pools, 8 public golf courses, 48 athletic fields hosting a range of 510 youth and 269 adult teams, 130 basketball courts (101 outdoor and 29 indoor), 7 tennis centers and a soccer complex.", "Sports in Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ Memphis is also home to professional sports teams in basketball, baseball and other sports.", "Sports in Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ Golf, basketball, baseball and tennis are popular recreational sports in Memphis.", "Sports in Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ The Memphis Grizzlies of the National Basketball Association is the only one of the \"big four\" major sports leagues in the city.", "AutoZone Park __knowledge__ AutoZone Park is a Minor League Baseball stadium located in downtown Memphis, Tennessee, and is home to the Memphis Redbirds of the Pacific Coast League (PCL).", "AutoZone Park __knowledge__ The Redbirds are the Triple-A affiliate of Major League Baseball's (MLB) St. Louis Cardinals.", "AutoZone Park __knowledge__ In 2009, the stadium was named Minor League Ballpark of the Year by \"Baseball America.\"", "AutoZone Park __knowledge__ Designed by Looney Ricks Kiss Architects of Memphis with Kansas City-based HOK Sport, AutoZone Park cost $80.5 million to build.", "AutoZone Park __knowledge__ This is by far the most money ever spent on a structure dedicated to a minor league baseball team.", "AutoZone Park __knowledge__ AutoZone Park was built to \"MLB standards\", but with the absence of outfield seats or food vendors far down the foul lines, making it, for comparison purposes, a major league stadium with only the 'good' seats\".", "Tim McCarver Stadium __knowledge__ Tim McCarver Stadium was a stadium in Memphis, Tennessee.", "Tim McCarver Stadium __knowledge__ It was primarily used for baseball and was the home of the Memphis Blues (1968–1976), the Memphis Chicks (1978–1997), and the Memphis Redbirds (1998–1999).", "Tim McCarver Stadium __knowledge__ The ballpark had a capacity of 8,800 people and opened in 1963 as an American Legion field, dubbed Fairgrounds #3 due to its location at the former Mid-South Fairgrounds.", "Tim McCarver Stadium __knowledge__ Memphis Memorial Stadium, now Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium, was constructed adjacent to it two years later.", "Tim McCarver Stadium __knowledge__ It was first used for professional baseball in 1968 and the Memphis Blues had the name changed to Blues Stadium.", "Culture of Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ Memphis, Tennessee has a long history of distinctive contributions to the culture of the American South and beyond.", "Culture of Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ Although it is an important part of the culture of Tennessee, the history, arts, and cuisine of Memphis are more closely associated with the culture of the Deep South (particularly the Mississippi Delta) than the rest of the state.", "Culture of Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ For example, the city's influence on 20th-century music has had worldwide impact.", "Culture of Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ Memphians have had an important role in founding or establishing several important American music genres, including blues, gospel, rock and roll, and \"sharecropper\" country music.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Sports in the United States are an important part of the country's culture.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Based on revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United States are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Major League Soccer is sometimes included in a \"top five\" of leagues of the country.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ All four enjoy wide-ranging domestic media coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their respective sports in the world, although only basketball, baseball, and ice hockey have substantial followings in other nations.", "Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ Memphis () is a city in the southwestern corner of the U.S. state of Tennessee and the county seat of Shelby County.", "Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ The city is located on the fourth Chickasaw Bluff, south of the confluence of the Wolf and Mississippi rivers.", "Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ Memphis had a population of 652,717 in 2016, making it the second largest city in the state of Tennessee.", "Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ The greater Memphis metropolitan area, including adjacent counties in Mississippi and Arkansas, had a 2014 population of 1,317,314.", "Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ This makes Memphis the second-largest metropolitan area in Tennessee, surpassed by metropolitan Nashville.", "Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ Memphis is the youngest of Tennessee's major cities, founded in 1819 as a planned city by a group of wealthy Americans including judge John Overton and future president Andrew Jackson.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The Nashville Sounds are a Minor League Baseball team of the Pacific Coast League (PCL) and the Triple-A affiliate of the Oakland Athletics.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ They are located in Nashville, Tennessee, and are named for the city's association with the music industry.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at First Tennessee Park which opened in 2015 and is partially located on the site of the historic Sulphur Dell ballpark.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ The Sounds previously played at Herschel Greer Stadium from its opening in 1978 until the end of the 2014 season.", "Nashville Sounds __knowledge__ Established as an expansion team of the Double-A Southern League in 1978, the Sounds were replaced by a Triple-A American Association team in 1985." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Vancouver Grizzlies were a Canadian professional basketball team based in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ They were part of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Toronto Raptors, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Following the 2000–01 season, the team relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, United States, and are known as the Memphis Grizzlies.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies played their home games at General Motors Place for the entirety of their 6 seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Like most expansion teams, the Grizzlies struggled in their early years.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team finished last in the division in five of its seasons, and never managed to win more than 30 percent of its games in any of the team's seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ In total, the team won 101 games, lost 359, and never qualified for the NBA playoffs.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The two expansion teams were denied early draft picks in the first season, but the Grizzlies secured Shareef Abdur-Rahim in 1996.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team continued to lose games despite high draft picks.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ After they selected Steve Francis as second pick in 1999, he refused to play in Vancouver and was traded away.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ After the 1998–99 lockout, lower attendance and a weak Canadian dollar caused the owner Orca Bay Sports and Entertainment to start losing money on the franchise.", "South Asian Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ As of 2014, there are 250,000 ethnic Indo-Canadians in Greater Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.", "South Asian Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ The Newton area of Surrey, a city within Greater Vancouver, as of 2012, is one of the world's largest South Asian enclaves.", "South Asian Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ Most Indo-Canadians in Greater Vancouver and cities adjacent to it are Punjabi Sikhs; Sikhism is the majority religion and Punjabis are the majority ethnic group.", "South Asian Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ This differs from the overall composition of South Asians in Canada; the 2007 data from Stats Can states \"Canadians of South Asian origin are almost equally divided among the Sikh, Hindu and Muslim faith groups\" 68% percent of Indo-Canadians in Canada live in the Toronto and Vancouver areas as of 2001, together making up 7% of the combined populations of the cities.", "Chinese Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ Chinese Canadians are a sizable part of the population in Greater Vancouver, especially in the Chinese communities in the city of Vancouver and the adjoining suburban city of Richmond.", "Chinese Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ The legacy of Chinese immigration is prevalent throughout the Vancouver area.", "Chinese Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ Chinese Canadians have been a presence in Vancouver since its 1886 incorporation.", "Chinese Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ Shifts in the economy of smaller towns in British Columbia and immigration caused the size of Vancouver's ethnic Chinese community to increase.", "Chinese Canadians in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ Like those of other areas of North America, Vancouver's initial Chinese population was mainly from Guangdong province.", "East Vancouver __knowledge__ East Vancouver (also \"East Van\" or the \"East Side\") is a region within the city of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.", "East Vancouver __knowledge__ Geographically, East Vancouver is bordered to the north by Burrard Inlet, to the south by the Fraser River, and to the east by the city of Burnaby.", "East Vancouver __knowledge__ East Vancouver is divided from Vancouver's \"West Side\" (not to be confused with the \"West End\" of Downtown Vancouver or with West Vancouver) by Main Street.", "East Vancouver __knowledge__ East Vancouver has been the first home for many non-British immigrants since the 1880s.", "East Vancouver __knowledge__ Historically, it was also a more affordable area and traditionally the home for many lower-income working class.", "Sports in Vancouver __knowledge__ There have been a wide variety of sports in Vancouver since the city was founded.", "Sports in Vancouver __knowledge__ Team sports such as ice hockey, lacrosse, and Canadian football have extensive history in the area, while the city's relatively mild climate and geographical location facilitate a wide variety of other sports and recreational activities.", "Sports in Vancouver __knowledge__ The Vancouver Giants of the Western Hockey League, founded in 2001, play their home games in Langley.", "Sports in Vancouver __knowledge__ The Giants hosted and won the 2007 Memorial Cup.", "Sports in Vancouver __knowledge__ The Vancouver area also has a number of hockey teams in the Tier II British Columbia Hockey League.", "Sports in Vancouver __knowledge__ There are a number of amateur lacrosse teams in Greater Vancouver, competing under the auspices of the British Columbia Lacrosse Association.", "History of the Vancouver Canucks __knowledge__ The history of the Vancouver Canucks begins when the team joined the National Hockey League (NHL).", "History of the Vancouver Canucks __knowledge__ Founded as an expansion team in 1970 along with the Buffalo Sabres, the Canucks were the first NHL team to be based in Vancouver.", "History of the Vancouver Canucks __knowledge__ They adopted the name of the minor professional hockey team that had existed in Vancouver since 1945.", "History of the Vancouver Canucks __knowledge__ After initially struggling as an expansion team in the NHL, the Canucks won their first division title in 1975, then proceed to set a record for North American professional sports, with fifteen consecutive losing seasons.", "History of the Vancouver Canucks __knowledge__ Led by captain Stan Smyl, the Canucks made their first Stanley Cup Finals appearance in 1982, losing in four straight games to the New York Islanders.", "Todd Bertuzzi __knowledge__ Todd Bertuzzi (born February 2, 1975) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey winger of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Todd Bertuzzi __knowledge__ Known as a power forward, he has played in the NHL for the New York Islanders, Vancouver Canucks, Florida Panthers, Anaheim Ducks, Calgary Flames and Detroit Red Wings.", "Todd Bertuzzi __knowledge__ Selected 23rd overall by the New York Islanders in the 1993 NHL Entry Draft, he played at the junior level with the Guelph Storm of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL) for four seasons.", "Todd Bertuzzi __knowledge__ In 1995–96, he played his rookie season with the Islanders.", "Todd Bertuzzi __knowledge__ After two-and-a-half seasons with the Islanders, he was traded to the Vancouver Canucks.", "Sikhism in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ Sikhism is a major religion in Greater Vancouver, especially among its Indo-Canadian population.", "Sikhism in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ As of 1995 Greater Vancouver has one of the two largest Sikh populations in the world that are not in India.", "Sikhism in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ As of 1977, Vancouver's Sikh community, along with that of the Greater Toronto Area, is one of the two largest Canadian Sikh communities.", "Sikhism in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ Verne A. Dusenbery wrote in 1981 that the Sikh community in [Greater] Vancouver was Canada's \"most influential\", oldest, and largest Sikh community.", "Sikhism in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ As of the 2001 Statistics Canada there were 99,005 Sikhs in the Greater Vancouver census agglomeration.", "Sikhism in Greater Vancouver __knowledge__ As of 2011 the population of the City of Vancouver proper is 2.3% Sikh.", "Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ Memphis () is a city in the southwestern corner of the U.S. state of Tennessee and the county seat of Shelby County.", "Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ The city is located on the fourth Chickasaw Bluff, south of the confluence of the Wolf and Mississippi rivers.", "Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ Memphis had a population of 652,717 in 2016, making it the second largest city in the state of Tennessee.", "Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ The greater Memphis metropolitan area, including adjacent counties in Mississippi and Arkansas, had a 2014 population of 1,317,314.", "Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ This makes Memphis the second-largest metropolitan area in Tennessee, surpassed by metropolitan Nashville.", "Memphis, Tennessee __knowledge__ Memphis is the youngest of Tennessee's major cities, founded in 1819 as a planned city by a group of wealthy Americans including judge John Overton and future president Andrew Jackson.", "Metropolis __knowledge__ A metropolis () is a large city or conurbation which is a significant economic, political, and cultural center for a country or region, and an important hub for regional or international connections, commerce, and communications.", "Metropolis __knowledge__ The term is Ancient Greek () and means the \"mother city\" of a colony (in the ancient sense), that is, the city which sent out settlers.", "Metropolis __knowledge__ This was later generalized to a city regarded as a center of a specified activity, or any large, important city in a nation.", "Metropolis __knowledge__ A big city belonging to a larger urban agglomeration, but which is not the core of that agglomeration, is not generally considered a metropolis but a part of it.", "MidSouthCon __knowledge__ MidSouthCon is an American science-fiction convention held each March in Memphis, Tennessee, since 1982, evolving from similar events in the late 1970s.", "MidSouthCon __knowledge__ Focusing mainly on science fiction literature, it provides basic programming geared to other genres: fantasy, science, comics, horror, and gaming.", "MidSouthCon __knowledge__ It is also the event at which the Darrell Awards Jury presents its annual Darrell Awards.", "MidSouthCon __knowledge__ Memphis Fandom got restarted in 1970 (after a small group in the early 1940s was dissolved upon being drafted for World War II) with the formation of the Mid-South Fantasy Association (MSFA).", "MidSouthCon __knowledge__ In the late 1970s, they decided to put on a relaxacon, and after its success, decided to start putting on a yearly science fiction convention.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer, musician, and actor.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the \"King of Rock and Roll\" or simply \"the King\".", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a pioneer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues.", "Knoxville, Tennessee __knowledge__ Knoxville is a city in the U.S. state of Tennessee, and the county seat of Knox County.", "Knoxville, Tennessee __knowledge__ The city had an estimated population of 186,239 in 2016 and a population of 178,874 as of the 2010 census, making it the state's third largest city after Nashville and Memphis.", "Knoxville, Tennessee __knowledge__ Knoxville is the principal city of the Knoxville Metropolitan Statistical Area, which, in 2016, was 868,546, up 0.9 percent, or 7,377 people, from to 2015.", "Knoxville, Tennessee __knowledge__ The KMSA is, in turn, the central component of the Knoxville-Sevierville-La Follette Combined Statistical Area, which, in 2013, had a population of 1,096,961.", "Knoxville, Tennessee __knowledge__ First settled in 1786, Knoxville was the first capital of Tennessee.", "Florida State Road 12 __knowledge__ State Road 12 (SR 12) is an east–west route in the Florida Panhandle, running from SR 20 in Bristol to US 27 in Havana.", "Florida State Road 12 __knowledge__ The route continues as County Road 12 (CR 12) on both ends, on the western end running south to SR 65, and on the east running to US 319.", "Florida State Road 12 __knowledge__ State Road 12 begins at SR 20 in Bristol, although originally it starts off heading in more of a northerly direction then curves more towards the east.", "Florida State Road 12 __knowledge__ The surroundings are primarily forestland, one side of which is burnt, until it reaches County Road 270, a bi-county east-west route in Liberty and Gadsden Counties.", "Florida State Road 12 __knowledge__ Pine trees become more prominent after this and the next moderate intersection is with CR 1641 which spans southeast towards Hosford and northwest to Torreya State Park.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ The 2017 St. Louis Cardinals season was the 136th for the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball (MLB), a franchise in St. Louis, Missouri.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ It was the 126th season for the Cardinals in the National League (NL), and their 12th at Busch Stadium III.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ For the first time since the 2007-2008 seasons, the Cardinals missed the playoffs in consecutive years, with a September 28 loss, in 2016-2017.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ Major League Baseball and the Players' Association reached a new, tentative CBA contract to reduce the 15-day disabled list timetable to 10-days.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ This change will allow teams to make quicker decisions on whether to bring up a roster replacement rather than wait to see if the injured player would be ready to return to action in less than two weeks." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 59, 73, 69 ]

[ "I know that the Vancouver Grizzlies basketball team are from Canada out of Vancouver, British Columbia.", "Yes I heard! They relocated after 2000 - 2001 season to Memphis, TN. ", "Agreed. In Memphis baseball, golf, and tennis are real popular too.", "Not sure... But remember Memphis is the 2nd biggest metropolitan area in TN. That means a bigger crowd. ", "Right... Knoxville is in TN too. It's the county seat of Knox County. I want to go there too." ]

[ "Vancouver Grizzlies", "Vancouver Grizzlies", "Vancouver Grizzlies", "Vancouver Grizzlies", "Vancouver Grizzlies" ]

[ "Good Burger", "I love good burger, such a classic", "Oh my god thats so much nostalgia, i watched it all the time" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Good Burger is a 1997 American comedy film directed by Brian Robbins and it stars \"All That\" and \"Kenan & Kel\" stars Kenan Thompson and Kel Mitchell.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It evolved from the comedy sketch of the same name featured on the Nickelodeon series \"All That\".", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It was produced by Nickelodeon Movies and Tollin/Robbins Productions, and was released on July 25, 1997 by Paramount Pictures.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ On the first day of summer, slacker high school student Dexter Reed, takes his mother's car on a joyride while she is on a business trip and accidentally crashes into and damages the car of his teacher, Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Dexter is in danger of going to jail, as he does not have a driver's license or insurance.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ But Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat agrees to let Dexter pay for the damages to both cars in exchange for not calling the police on Dexter.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ With the damages estimated at $1,900, Dexter is forced to get a summer job.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ After being dismissed from the new, soon-to-open Mondo Burger for clashing with and insulting the owner/manager, Kurt Bozwell, he ends up finding employment at Good Burger where he meets and reluctantly befriends dimwitted Ed and a host of other colorful employees.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Initially, neither of them are aware that it was Ed who inadvertently caused Dexter's car accident; Ed had been on his way to make a delivery, and skated in front of Dexter, causing him to swerve out of control and crash into Mr." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Good Burger is a 1997 American comedy film directed by Brian Robbins and it stars \"All That\" and \"Kenan & Kel\" stars Kenan Thompson and Kel Mitchell.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It evolved from the comedy sketch of the same name featured on the Nickelodeon series \"All That\".", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It was produced by Nickelodeon Movies and Tollin/Robbins Productions, and was released on July 25, 1997 by Paramount Pictures.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ On the first day of summer, slacker high school student Dexter Reed, takes his mother's car on a joyride while she is on a business trip and accidentally crashes into and damages the car of his teacher, Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Dexter is in danger of going to jail, as he does not have a driver's license or insurance.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ But Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat agrees to let Dexter pay for the damages to both cars in exchange for not calling the police on Dexter.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ With the damages estimated at $1,900, Dexter is forced to get a summer job.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ After being dismissed from the new, soon-to-open Mondo Burger for clashing with and insulting the owner/manager, Kurt Bozwell, he ends up finding employment at Good Burger where he meets and reluctantly befriends dimwitted Ed and a host of other colorful employees.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Initially, neither of them are aware that it was Ed who inadvertently caused Dexter's car accident; Ed had been on his way to make a delivery, and skated in front of Dexter, causing him to swerve out of control and crash into Mr.", "All That __knowledge__ All That is an American live-action, sketch comedy-variety show created by Brian Robbins and Mike Tollin, which originally aired on the Nickelodeon cable television network from April 16, 1994, to October 22, 2005, lasting ten seasons.", "All That __knowledge__ The series was produced by Tollin/Robbins Productions (later Schneider's Bakery during the final season).", "All That __knowledge__ The pilot episode was originally shown as a special \"sneak peek\", with the show officially debuting a regular series on December 24, 1994.", "All That __knowledge__ The series features original short comedic sketches and weekly musical guests aimed toward a younger audience.", "All That __knowledge__ The show's sketches parody contemporary culture and are performed by a large and varying cast of child and teen actors.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ The majority of the locations of international fast-food restaurant chain Burger King are privately owned franchises.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ While the majority of franchisees are smaller operations, several have grown into major corporations in their own right.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ At the end of the company's fiscal year in 2015, Burger King reported it had more than 15,000 outlets in 84 countries; of these, approximately 50% are in the United States and 99.9% are privately owned and operated.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ The company locations employ more than 37,000 people who serve approximately 11.4 million customers daily.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ Since its predecessor's inception in 1953, Burger King has used several variations of franchising to expand its operations.", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ Kenan Thompson ( born May 10, 1978) is an American actor and comedian.", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ He is the longest serving cast member of NBC's \"Saturday Night Live\".", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ In his teenage years, he was an original cast member of Nickelodeon's sketch comedy series \"All That.\"", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ Thompson has played Kenan Rockmore in the sitcom \"Kenan & Kel\", Russ Tyler in \"The Mighty Ducks\" franchise, Dexter Reed in the film \"Good Burger\", and the title character of \"Fat Albert\".", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ In his early career, he often collaborated with fellow comedian and \"All That\" cast member Kel Mitchell.", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ He is ranked at #88 on VH1's 100 Greatest Teen Stars.", "Kenan Thompson __knowledge__ Thompson was born and raised in Atlanta, Georgia to Fletcher and Elizabeth Ann Thompson.", "Kel Mitchell __knowledge__ Kel Johari Rice Mitchell (born August 25, 1978) is an American actor, stand-up comedian, dancer, musician, singer and rapper.", "Kel Mitchell __knowledge__ He is known for his work as a regular cast member of the Nickelodeon sketch comedy series \"All That\", as the Invisible Boy in the 1999 Ben Stiller and Geoffrey Rush superhero satire film \"Mystery Men\", his portrayal of Kel Kimble on the Nickelodeon sitcom \"Kenan & Kel\", his role as Ed in the film and \"All That\" sketch \"Good Burger\", as the voice of Jacob in the Disney XD cartoon \"Motorcity\", and as Ray in the 2006 sequel to \"Like Mike\", \"\".", "Kel Mitchell __knowledge__ He currently stars as Double G on the Nickelodeon series \"Game Shakers\".", "Dan Schneider (TV producer) __knowledge__ Dan Schneider (born January 14, 1966) is an American actor, television and film writer, and producer.", "Dan Schneider (TV producer) __knowledge__ After appearing in mostly supporting roles in a number of 1980s and 1990s films and TV shows, Schneider devoted himself to behind-the-scenes work in production.", "Dan Schneider (TV producer) __knowledge__ He is the co-president of television production company Schneider's Bakery.", "Dan Schneider (TV producer) __knowledge__ He showran most of \"All That\", and created/co-created \"The Amanda Show\", \"What I Like About You\", \"Drake & Josh\", \"Zoey 101\", \"iCarly\", \"Victorious\", \"Sam & Cat\", \"Henry Danger\", \"Game Shakers\", and \"The Adventures of Kid Danger and Captain Man\".", "Dan Schneider (TV producer) __knowledge__ Schneider was born and raised in Memphis, Tennessee, to parents Harry and Carol Schneider (both deceased).", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ Nickelodeon Movies is the theatrical motion picture production arm of the American children's cable channel Nickelodeon.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ Founded in 1995, the company released its first film \"Harriet the Spy\" in 1996.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ It has produced family features and films based on Nickelodeon programs, as well as other adaptations and original projects.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ Its films are co-produced and/or distributed by Viacom division Paramount Pictures.", "Nickelodeon Movies __knowledge__ The studio's highest-grossing films are \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" (2014), which grossed $493.3 million worldwide, \"The Adventures of Tintin\" (2011), which grossed $374 million worldwide, and \"\" (2015), which grossed $323.4 million worldwide.", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie is a 2004 American live-action/animated comedy film based on the Nickelodeon television series \"SpongeBob SquarePants\".", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ The film was co-written, directed, and produced by series creator Stephen Hillenburg and features the series' cast of Tom Kenny, Bill Fagerbakke, Clancy Brown, Rodger Bumpass and Mr. Lawrence, while also starring Scarlett Johansson, Jeffrey Tambor, Alec Baldwin and David Hasselhoff.", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and produced by Hillenburg's production company United Plankton Pictures along with Nickelodeon Movies.", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie __knowledge__ It is the first film in the \"SpongeBob SquarePants\" film series.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Good Burger is a 1997 American comedy film directed by Brian Robbins and it stars \"All That\" and \"Kenan & Kel\" stars Kenan Thompson and Kel Mitchell.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It evolved from the comedy sketch of the same name featured on the Nickelodeon series \"All That\".", "Good Burger __knowledge__ It was produced by Nickelodeon Movies and Tollin/Robbins Productions, and was released on July 25, 1997 by Paramount Pictures.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ On the first day of summer, slacker high school student Dexter Reed, takes his mother's car on a joyride while she is on a business trip and accidentally crashes into and damages the car of his teacher, Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Dexter is in danger of going to jail, as he does not have a driver's license or insurance.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ But Mr.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Wheat agrees to let Dexter pay for the damages to both cars in exchange for not calling the police on Dexter.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ With the damages estimated at $1,900, Dexter is forced to get a summer job.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ After being dismissed from the new, soon-to-open Mondo Burger for clashing with and insulting the owner/manager, Kurt Bozwell, he ends up finding employment at Good Burger where he meets and reluctantly befriends dimwitted Ed and a host of other colorful employees.", "Good Burger __knowledge__ Initially, neither of them are aware that it was Ed who inadvertently caused Dexter's car accident; Ed had been on his way to make a delivery, and skated in front of Dexter, causing him to swerve out of control and crash into Mr.", "Nostalgia Critic __knowledge__ Nostalgia Critic is an American review comedy web television series created, written, edited, directed, and performed by Italian-born American web comedian Doug Walker.", "Nostalgia Critic __knowledge__ The series initially launched on YouTube in July 3, 2007 before moving to Walker's own site That Guy with the Glasses, then to Channel Awesome.", "Nostalgia Critic __knowledge__ The show follows Walker as the titular Nostalgia Critic, a bitter and sarcastic critic who reviews films and television shows from his childhood and recent past, usually with comically exaggerated rage.", "Nostalgia Critic __knowledge__ The show often alternates the Critic's angry rants and juvenile humor with legitimate analysis of the episode's subject.", "WALL-E __knowledge__ WALL-E (stylized with an interpunct as WALL·E) is a 2008 American computer-animated science fiction film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures.", "WALL-E __knowledge__ It was directed and co-written by Andrew Stanton, produced by Jim Morris, and co-written by Jim Reardon.", "WALL-E __knowledge__ It stars the voices of Ben Burtt, Elissa Knight, Jeff Garlin, Fred Willard, John Ratzenberger, Kathy Najimy, Sigourney Weaver, and the MacInTalk system, and was the overall ninth feature film produced by the company.", "WALL-E __knowledge__ It follows a trash compactor robot in a deserted world, left to clean a largely abandoned city.", "WALL-E __knowledge__ However, he is visited by a probe sent by the \"Axiom\" ship, whom he falls in love with and pursues across the galaxy.", "Mircea Eliade __knowledge__ Mircea Eliade (; – April 22, 1986) was a Romanian historian of religion, fiction writer, philosopher, and professor at the University of Chicago.", "Mircea Eliade __knowledge__ He was a leading interpreter of religious experience, who established paradigms in religious studies that persist to this day.", "Mircea Eliade __knowledge__ His theory that \"hierophanies\" form the basis of religion, splitting the human experience of reality into sacred and profane space and time, has proved influential.", "Mircea Eliade __knowledge__ One of his most influential contributions to religious studies was his theory of \"Eternal Return\", which holds that myths and rituals do not simply commemorate hierophanies, but, at least to the minds of the religious, actually participate in them.", "Nostalgia __knowledge__ Nostalgia is a sentimentality for the past, typically for a period or place with happy personal associations.", "Nostalgia __knowledge__ The word \"nostalgia\" is learned formation of a Greek compound, consisting of (\"nóstos\"), meaning \"homecoming\", a Homeric word, and (\"álgos\"), meaning \"pain\" or \"ache\", and was coined by a 17th-century medical student to describe the anxieties displayed by Swiss mercenaries fighting away from home.", "Nostalgia __knowledge__ Described as a medical condition—a form of melancholy—in the Early Modern period, it became an important trope in Romanticism.", "Nostalgia __knowledge__ Nostalgia is associated with a wistful yearning for the past, its personalities, and events, especially the \"good old days\" or a \"warm childhood\".", "Nostalgia Super Stock __knowledge__ Nostalgia Super Stock (AKA NSS) is a popular, and among the fastest growing forms of drag racing.", "Nostalgia Super Stock __knowledge__ The Class recreates the style of drag racing very popular in the 1960s with drivers like Ronnie Sox, Dick Landy, Butch Leal and Judy Lilly.", "Nostalgia Super Stock __knowledge__ NSS' roots go back to the early 1980s, when retired Super Stock racers Dave Duell, Arlen Vanke and others started exhibition racing 1960s style Super Stock at Nostalgia racing events.", "Nostalgia Super Stock __knowledge__ The popularity of the class evolved into a category of drag racing with hundreds of cars and drivers competing in Championship series, and large Nostalgia Drag Racing events.", "Nostalgia Super Stock __knowledge__ The spirit of NSS drag racing has the same models of cars that raced Super Stock between 1959 and 1969—but with certain safety equipment updates.", "Nelson Mandela __knowledge__ Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (; 18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013) was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, political leader, and philanthropist, who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.", "Nelson Mandela __knowledge__ He was the country's first black head of state and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election.", "Nelson Mandela __knowledge__ His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid by tackling institutionalised racism and fostering racial reconciliation.", "Nelson Mandela __knowledge__ Ideologically an African nationalist and socialist, he served as President of the African National Congress (ANC) party from 1991 to 1997.", "Nelson Mandela __knowledge__ A Xhosa, Mandela was born to the Thembu royal family in Mvezo, British South Africa.", "Interwar naval service of Erich Raeder __knowledge__ Erich Johann Albert Raeder (24 April 1876 – 6 November 1960) was a naval leader in Germany before and during World War II.", "Interwar naval service of Erich Raeder __knowledge__ Raeder attained the highest possible naval rank—that of \"Großadmiral\" (Grand Admiral) — in 1939, becoming the first person to hold that rank since Alfred von Tirpitz.", "Interwar naval service of Erich Raeder __knowledge__ Raeder led the \"Kriegsmarine\" (German War Navy) for the first half of the war; he resigned in 1943 and was replaced by Karl Dönitz.", "Interwar naval service of Erich Raeder __knowledge__ He was sentenced to life in prison at the Nuremberg Trials, but was released early due to failing health.", "Interwar naval service of Erich Raeder __knowledge__ Raeder is also well known for dismissing Reinhard Heydrich from the Reichsmarine in April 1931 for \"conduct unbecoming to an officer and a gentleman\".", "You Can't Do That on Television __knowledge__ You Can't Do That on Television is a Canadian television program that first aired locally in 1979 before airing internationally in 1981.", "You Can't Do That on Television __knowledge__ It featured pre-teen and teenaged actors in a sketch comedy format similar to that of the United States \"Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In\" and \"Saturday Night Live\".", "You Can't Do That on Television __knowledge__ Each episode had a specific theme normally relating to pop culture of the time.", "You Can't Do That on Television __knowledge__ The show was notable for launching the careers of many performers, including alternative rock singer-songwriter Alanis Morissette, and screenwriter Bill Prady.", "You Can't Do That on Television __knowledge__ The show was produced by and aired on Ottawa's CTV station CJOH-TV, and was marketed specifically for an American audience.", "Double Dare (Nickelodeon game show) __knowledge__ Double Dare is an American television game show on which two teams compete to win cash and prizes by answering trivia questions and completing messy stunts known as physical challenges.", "Double Dare (Nickelodeon game show) __knowledge__ Hosted by Marc Summers, the program premiered on Nickelodeon on October 6, 1986, as its first game show.", "Double Dare (Nickelodeon game show) __knowledge__ The series saw many adjustments in scheduling and titling throughout its run.", "Double Dare (Nickelodeon game show) __knowledge__ A continuation for syndication premiered on February 22, 1988, later revamped as \"Super Sloppy Double Dare\" on January 22, 1989.", "Double Dare (Nickelodeon game show) __knowledge__ The program also had a short run on Fox as \"Family Double Dare\", airing from April 3 to July 23, 1988.", "Double Dare (Nickelodeon game show) __knowledge__ Nickelodeon continued \"Family Double Dare\", premiering a new version on October 6, 1990.", "All That __knowledge__ All That is an American live-action, sketch comedy-variety show created by Brian Robbins and Mike Tollin, which originally aired on the Nickelodeon cable television network from April 16, 1994, to October 22, 2005, lasting ten seasons.", "All That __knowledge__ The series was produced by Tollin/Robbins Productions (later Schneider's Bakery during the final season).", "All That __knowledge__ The pilot episode was originally shown as a special \"sneak peek\", with the show officially debuting a regular series on December 24, 1994.", "All That __knowledge__ The series features original short comedic sketches and weekly musical guests aimed toward a younger audience.", "All That __knowledge__ The show's sketches parody contemporary culture and are performed by a large and varying cast of child and teen actors.", "History of Nickelodeon __knowledge__ Nickelodeon is an American basic cable and satellite television network owned by the MTV Networks Kids & Family Group, a unit of the Viacom Media Networks division of Viacom, which focuses on programs aimed at children and teenagers; it has since expanded to include three spin-off digital cable and satellite networks in the United States, and international channels in six continents.", "History of Nickelodeon __knowledge__ Nickelodeon's history dates back to December 1, 1977, when QUBE, the first two-way major market interactive cable television system was launched in Columbus, Ohio by Warner Cable (owned by Warner Communications, now known as Time Warner, and predecessor to Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment).", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg for Nickelodeon.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ The series chronicles the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ The series' popularity has made it a media franchise, as well as the highest rated series to ever air on Nickelodeon, and the most distributed property of MTV Networks.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ As of late 2017, the media franchise has generated $13 billion in merchandising revenue for Nickelodeon.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ Many of the ideas for the series originated in an unpublished educational comic book titled \"The Intertidal Zone\", which Hillenburg created in 1989.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Nick at Nite __knowledge__ Nick at Nite (stylized as nick@nite) is an American programming block that broadcasts nightly over the channel space of Nickelodeon.", "Nick at Nite __knowledge__ It broadcasts on Sundays through Fridays from 8:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m., and Saturdays from 9:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m. (Eastern and Pacific Time).", "Nick at Nite __knowledge__ Although it shares channel space with its parent channel, Nick at Nite is counted as a separate channel from Nickelodeon for ratings purposes.", "Nick at Nite __knowledge__ Both services are sometimes collectively referred to as \"Nickelodeon/Nick at Nite,\" due to their common association as two individual channels sharing the same channel space.", "Nick at Nite __knowledge__ Nick at Nite appeals to adult and adolescent audiences with a lineup of mainly live-action sitcom reruns and a limited amount of original programming." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4 ]

[ "Have you ever seen the movie Good Burger? It was released in 1997 and it's a great comedy!", "I remember when it was just a sketch on Nickelodeon's \"All That.\" Did you watch that show?", "Such a bad way for Dexter to start the summer. Bad idea to take his mom's car for a joyride!" ]

[ "Good Burger", "Good Burger", "Good Burger" ]

[ "Dog\nI love dogs!", "Thats very interesting i had no idea dogs were the first to be domesticated. Can you tell me more about dogs ?", "Very interesting. My favorite dog is the Yorki ", "Oh yeah i love those dogs. My cousin just bought one " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Must Love Dogs is a 2005 American romantic comedy film based on Claire Cook's 2002 novel of the same name.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Starring Diane Lane and John Cusack, it is the second and final film directed and written by Gary David Goldberg and was produced on a budget of $30 million.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ The film focuses on a woman's struggle with divorce and meeting new people afterward.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Production started on October 12, 2004 with a final release date of July 29, 2005.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Critics opinions were mostly negative but indicated that the actors were not to blame.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ \"Must Love Dogs\" took the fifth spot on its opening weekend and has grossed more than $58 million worldwide.", "Stephanie Bentley __knowledge__ Stephanie Kay Bentley (born April 29, 1963 in Thomasville, Georgia) is an American country music artist.", "Stephanie Bentley __knowledge__ She made her debut in 1996 as a duet partner on Ty Herndon's single \"Heart Half Empty\", which peaked at No.", "Stephanie Bentley __knowledge__ 21 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks charts.", "Stephanie Bentley __knowledge__ The single was included both on Herndon's 1995 debut album \"What Mattered Most\" and on Bentley's 1996 debut album \"Hopechest\".", "Stephanie Bentley __knowledge__ It produced three more singles for her on the country charts, although only one (\"Who's That Girl\") reached Top 40.", "Stephanie Bentley __knowledge__ Bentley found success as a songwriter, having penned Faith Hill's 1999 crossover single \"Breathe\", as well as Martina McBride's 2002 Top 5 hit \"Concrete Angel\".", "Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows __knowledge__ Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows: An Introduction to Carnism (2009) is a book by American social psychologist Melanie Joy about the belief system and psychology of meat eating, or \"carnism\".", "Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows __knowledge__ Joy coined the term \"carnism\" in 2001 and developed it in her doctoral dissertation in 2003.", "Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows __knowledge__ Carnism is a subset of speciesism, and contrasts with ethical veganism, the moral commitment to abstain from consuming or using meat and other animal products.", "Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows __knowledge__ Joy, an animal advocate, was concerned about linguistic bias inherent in terms like \"carnivore\", which were inaccurate and failed to account for the \"beliefs beneath the behavior\".", "Melanie Joy __knowledge__ Melanie Joy (born 2 September, 1966) is an American social psychologist and vegan activist, primarily notable for promulgating the term carnism.", "Melanie Joy __knowledge__ She is a professor of psychology and sociology at the University of Massachusetts Boston, as well as the president of Beyond Carnism, also known as Carnism Awareness & Action Network (CAAN), a non-profit advocacy group which she founded in 2010.", "Melanie Joy __knowledge__ She has published two books, \"Strategic Action for Animals\" and \"Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows\".", "Melanie Joy __knowledge__ Joy received her M.Ed.", "Melanie Joy __knowledge__ from the Harvard Graduate School of Education, and her Ph.D. in psychology from the Saybrook Graduate School.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Blu's Hanging __knowledge__ Blu's Hanging is a 1997 coming-of-age novel by Lois-Ann Yamanaka.", "Blu's Hanging __knowledge__ It follows the Ogata family after the death of their mother, as each family member struggles to come to terms with their grief.", "Blu's Hanging __knowledge__ The story is told through Ivah, a smart-mouthed thirteen-year-old who is left as the oldest child to take care of her younger siblings, Blu and Maisie, while she struggles with her own grief, emerging sexuality, and awareness of the world.", "Blu's Hanging __knowledge__ Similar to Yamanaka's other works, \"Blu's Hanging\", encompasses the topics of racial politics and the diverse culture of Hawaii, as well as the coming of age of the main character amongst various sexual threats and questions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white.", "Domestication of animals __knowledge__ The domestication of animals is the mutual relationship between animals with the humans who have influence on their care and reproduction.", "Domestication of animals __knowledge__ Charles Darwin recognized the small number of traits that made domesticated species different from their wild ancestors.", "Domestication of animals __knowledge__ He was also the first to recognize the difference between conscious selective breeding in which humans directly select for desirable traits, and unconscious selection where traits evolve as a by-product of natural selection or from selection on other traits.", "Domestication of animals __knowledge__ There is a genetic difference between domestic and wild populations.", "Domestication of animals __knowledge__ There is also such a difference between the domestication traits that researchers believe to have been essential at the early stages of domestication, and the improvement traits that have appeared since the split between wild and domestic populations.", "Dmitry Belyayev (zoologist) __knowledge__ Dmitry Konstantinovich Belyayev (Russian: Дмитрий Константинович Беляев, 17 July 1917 – 14 November 1985) was a Russian geneticist and academician who served as director of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics (IC&G) of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, from 1959 to 1985.", "Dmitry Belyayev (zoologist) __knowledge__ His decades-long effort to breed domesticated foxes was described by \"The New York Times\" as “arguably the most extraordinary breeding experiment ever conducted.” A 2010 article in Scientific American stated that Belyayev “may be the man most responsible for our understanding of the process by which wolves were domesticated into our canine companions.” Beginning in the 1950s, in order to uncover the genetic basis of the distinctive behavioral and physiological attributes of domesticated animals, Belyayev and his team spent decades breeding the wild silver fox (\"Vulpes vulpes\") and selecting for reproduction only those individuals in each generation that showed the least fear of humans.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ The evolution of the wolf occurred over a geologic time scale of 800 thousand years, transforming the first Middle Pleistocene wolf specimen that is recognized as being morphologically similar to \"Canis lupus\" into today's dog, dingo and gray wolf.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Ecological factors including habitat type, climate, prey specialization and predatory competition has greatly influenced the wolf's genetic population structure and cranio-dental plasticity.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Wolves went through a population bottleneck 20,000 years before present (YBP), which indicates that many wolf populations had gone extinct at a time that coincided with the Last Glacial Maximum and the expansion of modern humans worldwide with their technology for capturing large game.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "Domestication __knowledge__ Domestication is a sustained multi-generational relationship in which one group of organisms assumes a significant degree of influence over the reproduction and care of another group to secure a more predictable supply of resources from that second group.", "Domestication __knowledge__ Charles Darwin recognized the small number of traits that made domestic species different from their wild ancestors.", "Domestication __knowledge__ He was also the first to recognize the difference between conscious selective breeding in which humans directly select for desirable traits, and unconscious selection where traits evolve as a by-product of natural selection or from selection on other traits." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Dogs in the American Revolutionary War __knowledge__ Dogs played various roles during the time of the Revolutionary War.", "Dogs in the American Revolutionary War __knowledge__ In addition to formal uses like their role in hunting, dogs often accompanied their owners while they were fighting and provided comfort for their owners and those with them in camps.", "Dogs in the American Revolutionary War __knowledge__ During this time, dogs were being newly studied in science and depicted in art.", "Dogs in the American Revolutionary War __knowledge__ By 1775 at the start of the Revolutionary War, dogs were well established and part of the culture of the Thirteen Colonies.", "Dogs in the American Revolutionary War __knowledge__ However, they were not always welcome.", "Dogs in the American Revolutionary War __knowledge__ In 1772, the city leaders of Williamsburg passed legislation called the \"Act to Prevent Mischief from Dogs\" that forbade anyone to own a female dog in the city.", "Red-browed pardalote __knowledge__ The red-browed pardalote (\"Pardalotus rubricatus\") is a small brightly coloured insectivorous passerine, endemic to Australia .", "Red-browed pardalote __knowledge__ A gleaning specialist, they forage primarily in eucalypt trees .", "Red-browed pardalote __knowledge__ The Latin word rubricatus means red-ochred which is descriptive of their orange-red eyebrow .", "Red-browed pardalote __knowledge__ Other common names include red-browed diamondbird, bellbird, cape red-browed, pale red-browed, fawn-eyed, fawn-eyebrowed and pallid or red-lored pardalote .", "Red-browed pardalote __knowledge__ Red-browed pardalotes belong to the order Passeriformes and family Pardalotidae of which four species are recognised: red-browed pardalote \"Pardalotus rubricatus\", spotted pardalote \"Pardalotus punctatus\", forty-spotted pardalote \"Pardalotus quadragintus\" and striated pardalote \"Pardalotus striatus\".", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ Dog's fashion is a popular style or practice, especially in canine clothing and accessories.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ Dog fashion is a distinctive trend of the style in which people dress their canine companions.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ This trend dates back to the Egyptian pre-dynastic period and in recent times it has expanded due to increased consumer capitalism.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ There is evidence from ancient Egypt that people were using decorative collars to adorn their dogs.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ One collar was discovered in the tomb of the ancient Egyptian nobleman Maiharpiri in 1440 BC.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ It depicts hunting scenes embossed into leather.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ The dog's name, Tantanouit, is visible on the collar.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier (APBT) is a dog breed.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized, solidly-built, intelligent, short-haired dog whose early ancestors came from the British Isles.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ When compared with the English Staffordshire Bull Terrier (another breed within the type commonly called pit bulls), the American Pit Bull Terrier is larger by margins of in height and in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier varies in size.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Males normally are about 18-21 inches (45–53 cm) in height and around 35-60 pounds (15–27 kg) in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Females are normally around 17-20 inches (43–50 cm) in height and 30-50 pounds (13–22 kg) in weight.", "Dog in Boots __knowledge__ Dog in Boots (, \"Pyos v sapogakh\"), also known as Pup in Boots is a 1981 Soyuzmultfilm's animated parody film directed by Yefim Gamburg.", "Dog in Boots __knowledge__ It is a musical adaptation of the classic Alexandre Dumas story of d'Artagnan and the three musketeers.", "Dog in Boots __knowledge__ \"Dog in Boots\" parodies costume and historical drama films, particularly the musical miniseries \"d'Artagnan and Three Musketeers\" (1978), that was incredibly popular in the Soviet Union.", "Dog in Boots __knowledge__ The concept of this film is similar to the 1981 series \"Dogtanian and the Three Muskehounds\": the main characters are dogs, while Cardinal Richelieu's evil guards and Milady are cats.", "Joe Redington __knowledge__ Joe Redington, Senior (February 1, 1917 – June 24, 1999) was an American dog musher and kennel owner, who is best known as the \"\"Father of the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race\"\", a long distance sled dog race run annually from the Anchorage area to Nome, Alaska.", "Joe Redington __knowledge__ Redington was born in Kingfisher, Oklahoma on February 1, 1917 and lived there until he was six years old.", "Joe Redington __knowledge__ His mother left him shortly after his birth, and he grew up with his father and his brothers James and Ray.", "Joe Redington __knowledge__ Joe said there were rumors that his mother was the outlaw Belle Starr.", "Joe Redington __knowledge__ Joe Redington's father was a laborer who worked was a rancher, on the oil fields, and In 1940, Redington enlisted in the United States Army, and joined the 6th Field Artillery Regiment at Fort Hoyle, Maryland.", "Theo (dog) __knowledge__ Theo DM (2009–2011), was an English Springer Spaniel who served as a bomb detection dog for the British Army whilst stationed in Afghanistan.", "Theo (dog) __knowledge__ His handler, Lance Corporal Liam Tasker, was killed in March 2011, and Theo died within hours, following a seizure.", "Theo (dog) __knowledge__ The pair had set a new record for bomb finds during their time on deployment.", "Theo (dog) __knowledge__ Theo was awarded the Dickin Medal, also known as the animals' Victoria Cross, in 2012.", "Theo (dog) __knowledge__ Liam Tasker had transferred to the Royal Army Veterinary Corps in 2007, and was assigned to the 1st Military Working Dog Regiment.", "Theo (dog) __knowledge__ Theo was assigned to Tasker some two weeks prior to deployment, after the first two dogs assigned to him didn't work out.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ The red-tailed hawk (\"Buteo jamaicensis\") is a bird of prey that breeds throughout most of North America, from the interior of Alaska and northern Canada to as far south as Panama and the West Indies.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ It is one of the most common members within the genus of \"Buteo\" in North America or worldwide.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ The red-tailed hawk is one of three species colloquially known in the United States as the \"chickenhawk,\" though it rarely preys on standard-sized chickens.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ The bird is sometimes also referred to as the red-tail for short, when the meaning is clear in context.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ Red-tailed hawks can acclimate to all the biomes within their range, occurring on the edges of non-ideal habitats such as dense forests and sandy deserts.", "Cactus __knowledge__ A cactus (plural: \"cacti\", \"cactuses\", or \"cactus\") is a member of the plant family Cactaceae, a family comprising about 127 genera with some 1750 known species of the order Caryophyllales.", "Cactus __knowledge__ The word \"cactus\" derives, through Latin, from the Ancient Greek , \"kaktos\", a name originally used by Theophrastus for a spiny plant whose identity is not certain.", "Cactus __knowledge__ Cacti occur in a wide range of shapes and sizes.", "Cactus __knowledge__ Most cacti live in habitats subject to at least some drought.", "Cactus __knowledge__ Many live in extremely dry environments, even being found in the Atacama Desert, one of the driest places on earth.", "Cactus __knowledge__ Cacti show many adaptations to conserve water.", "Chameleon __knowledge__ Chameleons or chamaeleons (family Chamaeleonidae) are a distinctive and highly specialized clade of Old World lizards with 202 species described as of June 2015.", "Chameleon __knowledge__ These species come in a range of colors, and many species have the ability to change color.", "Chameleon __knowledge__ Chameleons are distinguished by their zygodactylous feet; their very extensive, highly modified, rapidly extrudable tongues; their swaying gait; and crests or horns on their brow and snout.", "Chameleon __knowledge__ Most species, the larger ones in particular, also have a prehensile tail.", "Chameleon __knowledge__ Chameleons' eyes are independently mobile, but in aiming at a prey item, they focus forward in coordination, affording the animal stereoscopic vision.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ This is a list of aliens on Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10 franchise\".", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Voiced by: Heatblast is a Pyronite from the star Pyros.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ He appears as a magma-based lifeform whose body is composed of a bright inner magma body covered by a reddish-brown charcoal-like crust.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is essentially \"living magma\", thus everything he touches either melts or catches fire.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ In the original series, he is the tenth alien in the Omnitrix.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is Ben's first transformation, accidentally activated and started a wildfire in the pilot episode of the original series, \"And Then There Were 10\" when Ben was trying to remove the Omnitrix immediately after it first attached to him.", "Baseball park __knowledge__ A baseball park, also known as a ballpark or diamond, is a venue where baseball is played.", "Baseball park __knowledge__ A baseball park consists of the playing field and the surrounding spectator seating.", "Baseball park __knowledge__ While the diamond and the areas denoted by white painted lines adhere to strict rules, guidelines for the rest of the field are flexible.", "Baseball park __knowledge__ The term \"ballpark\" sometimes refers either to the entire structure, or sometimes to just the playing field.", "Baseball park __knowledge__ A home run where the player makes it around the bases, and back to home plate, without the ball leaving the playing field is typically called an \"inside-the-park\" home run.", "Baseball park __knowledge__ Sometimes a home run ball passing over an outfield fence (when hit by a batter) is said to have been hit \"out of the ballpark,\" but that phrase more often refers to a home run ball that cleared the stands, landing outside the building.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "Brain __knowledge__ The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals.", "Brain __knowledge__ The brain is located in the head, usually close to the sensory organs for senses such as vision.", "Brain __knowledge__ The brain is the most complex organ in a vertebrate's body.", "Brain __knowledge__ In a human, the cerebral cortex contains approximately 15–33 billion neurons, each connected by synapses to several thousand other neurons.", "Brain __knowledge__ These neurons communicate with one another by means of long protoplasmic fibers called axons, which carry trains of signal pulses called action potentials to distant parts of the brain or body targeting specific recipient cells." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is a single released in 1985 by the Swiss band Yello and featured on their album \"Stella\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song features a mix of electronic music and manipulated vocals.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song gained popularity after being featured in the films \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and \"The Secret of My Success\", among other films.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It has become an iconic anthem of the 1980s, and used to metaphorically represent lust (in various forms) and cocaine.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It is a popular staple in movies, television and commercials.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Its 1987 re-released version features the extra lyrics: \"such a good time / a really good time\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Describing the composition of \"Oh Yeah,\" Blank said, \"First I did the music and then I invited Dieter to sing along, and he came up with some lines which I thought, 'no Dieter, it's too complicated, we don't need that many lyrics'.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ Stella is the fourth studio album by the Swiss electronic band Yello, first released in Germany, Switzerland and Austria on 29 January 1985, and in the UK and US in March 1985.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ It was the first album made by the band without founder member Carlos Perón, and with his departure the remaining duo of Boris Blank and Dieter Meier began to move away from experimental electronic sounds towards a more commercial synthpop and cinematic soundtrack style.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ As well as becoming the first album ever by a Swiss group to top the Swiss album chart, it was the band's breakthrough album internationally, helped by the success of the song \"Oh Yeah\", which gained the band worldwide attention the following year after it was prominently featured in the 1986 film \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and then a year later in \"The Secret of My Success\".", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ Oh Yeah is a music centre located in Belfast, Northern Ireland, in the Cathedral Quarter.", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ It was founded primarily to support young talented musicians and bands from Northern Ireland and its huge and growing music scene by providing help and promotion, technical equipment for rehearsing, recording, gigs and event organisation, performing space and releases of band compilations (\"Oh Yeah Sessions\").", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ The Oh Yeah music centre's genres are varying in its manifoldness of Alternative rock, Indie rock, Electronica, Post rock, Post punk, Crossover, Experimental rock and further musical stylistic ways and conceptions.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ \"Sexy\" is the fifteenth episode of the second season of the American musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\", and the thirty-seventh episode overall.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ It was written by Brad Falchuk, directed by Ryan Murphy, and first aired on the Fox network on March 8, 2011.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ The episode mainly revolves around the topics of sex and adolescent sexuality.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ In it, Holly Holliday (Gwyneth Paltrow) returns to McKinley High School as a substitute teacher in a class devoted to sex education.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ Glee club director Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison) begins to develop feelings for Holly, and guidance counselor and celibacy club advisor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays) is less than pleased with Holly's lessons.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ MBLAQ (, ; an acronym for Music Boys Live in Absolute Quality) is a South Korean boy group created by South Korean entertainer Rain under J.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ Tune Camp.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ The group consists of Seungho, G.O, and Mir, and formerly Lee Joon and Thunder.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ The group debuted on October 15, 2009, at Rain's Legend of Rainism concert.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ On October 14, 2009, the group released their debut single album, \"Just BLAQ\", which topped various online and offline music charts in South Korea.", "MBLAQ __knowledge__ The group then released their first extended play album \"Y\" on May 19, 2010, and on January 10, 2011, MBLAQ released their first studio album, \"BLAQ Style\".", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is the first single from Trinidadian American female hip-hop artist Foxy Brown's third album \"Broken Silence\".", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" was officially released on May 4, 2001 in the United States.", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ Initially, it was released through the mixtape circuit in late 2000 with alternate lyrics- most notably on Foxy Brown's \"Best Of Foxy Brown\" mixtape in 2000, hosted by DJ Envy.", "Oh Yeah (Foxy Brown song) __knowledge__ The single was unsuccessful, receiving little airplay on urban radio stations (though popular on New York City and the upper East Coast urban stations) and little video rotation on MTV, though it was slightly more successful on BET.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The French Bulldog, also known as the Frenchie, is a small breed of domestic dog.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ Frenchies were the result in the 1800s of a cross between bulldog ancestors imported from England and local ratters in Paris (France).", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ In 2014, they were the fourth most popular registered dog in the United Kingdom and in the U.S. the sixth most popular AKC registered dog breed.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ They were rated the third most popular dog in Australia (for 2017).", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ They are also on the higher side price-wise.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The cost around $3,000-7,000.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The origin of the modern French Bulldog breed descends directly from the dogs of the Molossians, an ancient Greek tribe.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Oh Yeah!", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Cartoons is an American animation showcase that appeared on the Nickelodeon cable network, who which was created and guided by Fred Seibert, former Creative Director of MTV Networks and President of Hanna-Barbera.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Produced by Nickelodeon Animation Studio and Frederator Incorporated, it ran as part of Nickelodeon's Nicktoons lineup, and, in its second season, was hosted by Kenan Thompson of \"All That\" and \"Kenan & Kel\" fame; followed later by Josh Server, also from \"All That\", for its third season.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Bill Burnett composed the show's theme music.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ In terms of sheer volume, \"Oh Yeah!", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Cartoons\" remains TV's biggest animation development program ever." ] ]

[ 3, 6, 0, 0 ]

[ "really? me too! well, who doesnt? you know, the dog was first species to be domesticated by man", "sure, they vary greatly in size, shape and color?", "oh yeah? mine is the french bulldog, such an adorable animal!", "french bulldog? ask him to bath it regularly, they get really smelly, lol" ]

[ "Dog", "Dog", "Dog", "Dog" ]

[ "Tax\nWhat are your thoughts on taxing the wealthy more than the middle class?", "Yes, they have earned more more money but in part because of their extensive work and education. I have mixed feelings about this. I don't think they should be penalized for hard work.", "I completely can see the disparity in incomes in America. I just have mixed feelings about whether or not those who have worked hard should be penalized. It doesn't seem fair.", "It is really important for Americans to understand tax policy and where our leaders stand on this issue." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tax __knowledge__ A tax (from the Latin \"taxo\") is a mandatory financial charge or some other type of levy imposed upon a taxpayer (an individual or other legal entity) by a governmental organization in order to fund various public expenditures.", "Tax __knowledge__ A failure to pay, or evasion of or resistance to taxation, is punishable by law.", "Tax __knowledge__ Taxes consist of direct or indirect taxes and may be paid in money or as its labour equivalent.", "Tax __knowledge__ Most countries have a tax system in place to pay for public/common/agreed national needs and government functions: some levy a flat percentage rate of taxation on personal annual income, some on a scale based on annual income amounts, and some countries impose almost no taxation at all, or a very low tax rate for a certain area of taxation.", "Tax __knowledge__ Some countries charge a tax both on corporate income and dividends; this is often referred to as double taxation as the individual shareholder(s) receiving this payment from the company will also be levied some tax on that personal income.", "Tax __knowledge__ The legal definition and the economical definition of taxes differ in that economists do not regard many transfers to governments as taxes.", "Tax __knowledge__ For example, some transfers to the public sector are comparable to prices.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality in the United States has increased significantly since the 1970s after several decades of stability, meaning the share of the nation's income received by higher income households has increased.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ This trend is evident with income measured both before taxes (market income) as well as after taxes and transfer payments.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality has fluctuated considerably since measurements began around 1915, moving in an arc between peaks in the 1920s and 2000s, with a 30-year period of relatively lower inequality between 1950–1980.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Measured for all households, U.S. income inequality is comparable to other developed countries before taxes and transfers, but is among the highest after taxes and transfers, meaning the U.S. shifts relatively less income from higher income households to lower income households.", "American middle class __knowledge__ The American middle class is a social class in the United States.", "American middle class __knowledge__ While the concept is typically ambiguous in popular opinion and common language use, contemporary social scientists have put forward several ostensibly congruent theories on the American middle class.", "American middle class __knowledge__ Depending on the class model used, the middle class constitutes anywhere from 25% to 66% of households.", "American middle class __knowledge__ One of the first major studies of the middle class in America was \"\", published in 1951 by sociologist C. Wright Mills.", "American middle class __knowledge__ Later sociologists such as Dennis Gilbert of Hamilton College commonly divide the middle class into two sub-groups.", "Social class in the United States __knowledge__ Social class in the United States is a controversial issue, having many competing definitions, models, and even disagreements over its very existence.", "Social class in the United States __knowledge__ Many Americans believe in a simple three-class model that includes the \"rich\", the \"middle class\", and the \"poor\".", "Social class in the United States __knowledge__ More complex models that have been proposed describe as many as a dozen class levels; while still others deny the very existence, in the European sense, of \"social class\" in American society.", "Social class in the United States __knowledge__ Most definitions of class structure group people according to wealth, income, education, type of occupation, and membership in a specific subculture or social network.", "Economic policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Donald Trump's signature economic policy proposals, sometimes referred to as MAGAnomics or Trumponomics, include trade protectionism, immigration reduction, individual and corporate tax reform, the dismantling of the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and the repeal of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (\"Obamacare\").", "Economic policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Bills to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act (\"Obamacare\") did not pass Congress in mid-2017.", "Economic policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ However, Trump's tax reform plan was signed into law in December 2017, which included substantial tax cuts for higher income taxpayers and corporations as well as repeal of a key Obamacare element, the individual mandate.", "Middle class __knowledge__ The middle class is a class of people in the middle of a social hierarchy.", "Middle class __knowledge__ In Weberian socio-economic terms, the middle class is the broad group of people in contemporary society who fall socio-economically between the working class and upper class.", "Middle class __knowledge__ The common measures of what constitutes middle class vary significantly among cultures.", "Middle class __knowledge__ A sizable and healthy middle-class can be viewed as a characteristic of a healthy society.", "Middle class __knowledge__ The term \"middle class\" is first attested in James Bradshaw's 1745 pamphlet \"Scheme to prevent running Irish Wools to France.\"", "Middle class __knowledge__ Another phrase used in Early modern Europe was \"the middling sort\".", "Tax policy and economic inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Tax policy and economic inequality in the United States discusses how tax policy affects the distribution of income and wealth in the United States.", "Tax policy and economic inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality can be measured before- and after-tax; this article focuses on the after-tax aspects.", "Tax policy and economic inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income tax rates applied to various income levels and tax expenditures (i.e., deductions, exemptions, and preferential rates that modify the outcome of the rate structure) primarily drive how market results are redistributed to impact the after-tax inequality.", "Tax policy and economic inequality in the United States __knowledge__ After-tax inequality has risen in the United States markedly since 1980, following a more egalitarian period following World War II.", "Property tax in the United States __knowledge__ Most local governments in the United States impose a property tax, also known as a millage rate, as a principal source of revenue.", "Property tax in the United States __knowledge__ This tax may be imposed on real estate or personal property.", "Property tax in the United States __knowledge__ The tax is nearly always computed as the fair market value of the property times an assessment ratio times a tax rate, and is generally an obligation of the owner of the property.", "Property tax in the United States __knowledge__ Values are determined by local officials, and may be disputed by property owners.", "Property tax in the United States __knowledge__ For the taxing authority, one advantage of the property tax over the sales tax or income tax is that the revenue always equals the tax levy, unlike the other taxes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tax __knowledge__ A tax (from the Latin \"taxo\") is a mandatory financial charge or some other type of levy imposed upon a taxpayer (an individual or other legal entity) by a governmental organization in order to fund various public expenditures.", "Tax __knowledge__ A failure to pay, or evasion of or resistance to taxation, is punishable by law.", "Tax __knowledge__ Taxes consist of direct or indirect taxes and may be paid in money or as its labour equivalent.", "Tax __knowledge__ Most countries have a tax system in place to pay for public/common/agreed national needs and government functions: some levy a flat percentage rate of taxation on personal annual income, some on a scale based on annual income amounts, and some countries impose almost no taxation at all, or a very low tax rate for a certain area of taxation.", "Tax __knowledge__ Some countries charge a tax both on corporate income and dividends; this is often referred to as double taxation as the individual shareholder(s) receiving this payment from the company will also be levied some tax on that personal income.", "Tax __knowledge__ The legal definition and the economical definition of taxes differ in that economists do not regard many transfers to governments as taxes.", "Tax __knowledge__ For example, some transfers to the public sector are comparable to prices.", "Ann Cvetkovich __knowledge__ Ann Cvetkovich (born 1957) is the Ellen Clayton Garwood Centennial Professor of English and Professor of Women's and Gender Studies at the University of Texas at Austin.", "Ann Cvetkovich __knowledge__ She has published three books: \"Mixed Feelings: Feminism, Mass Culture, and Victorian Sensationalism\" (1992); \"An Archive of Feelings: Trauma, Sexuality, and Lesbian Public Cultures\" (2003); and \"Depression: A Public Feeling\" (2012).", "Ann Cvetkovich __knowledge__ She has also co-edited \"Articulating the Global and Local: Globalization and Cultural Studies\" (1996) with Douglas Kellner, as well as \"Political Emotions: New Agendas in Communication\" (2010) with Janet Staiger and Ann Reynolds.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ Blueberry is Western comic series created in the Franco-Belgian \"bandes dessinées\" (BD) tradition by the Belgian scriptwriter Jean-Michel Charlier and French comics artist Jean \"Mœbius\" Giraud.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ It chronicles the adventures of Mike Blueberry on his travels through the American Old West.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ Blueberry is an atypical western hero; he is not a wandering lawman who brings evil-doers to justice, nor a handsome cowboy who \"rides into town, saves the ranch, becomes the new sheriff and marries the schoolmarm.\"", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ In any situation, he sees what he thinks needs doing, and he does it.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ The series spawned out of the 1963 \"Fort Navajo\" comics series, originally intended as an ensemble narrative, but which quickly gravitated around the breakout character \"Blueberry\" as the main and central character after the first two stories, causing the series to continue under his name later on.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 (樱野3加1), also known as Sakurano in the Philippines, is a Taiwanese drama that airs Sunday on TTV/SETTV.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ This drama brings back Ming Dao and Joe Chen Qiao En.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian, Jia Jiang, Fang Wei, and Bulu all grew up on Westside Street together and currently study in Ying Ye School, one month away from graduation.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian's dad is a police officer in Westside Street and is retiring tomorrow.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ But just on that day, they all had a fight at school with the Dinosaur gang, and were almost expelled by the principal.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Officer Xia went to settle the conflict and not only did it not get settled, his gun got misplaced by the principal too.", "Gentrification __knowledge__ Gentrification is a process of renovation of deteriorated urban neighborhoods by means of the influx of more affluent residents.", "Gentrification __knowledge__ This is a common and controversial topic in politics and in urban planning.", "Gentrification __knowledge__ Gentrification can improve the quality of a neighborhood, while also potentially forcing relocation of current, established residents and businesses, causing them to move from a gentrified area, seeking lower cost housing and stores.", "Gentrification __knowledge__ Gentrification often shifts a neighborhood’s racial/ethnic composition and average household income by developing new, more expensive housing, businesses and improved resources.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality in the United States has increased significantly since the 1970s after several decades of stability, meaning the share of the nation's income received by higher income households has increased.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ This trend is evident with income measured both before taxes (market income) as well as after taxes and transfer payments.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality has fluctuated considerably since measurements began around 1915, moving in an arc between peaks in the 1920s and 2000s, with a 30-year period of relatively lower inequality between 1950–1980.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Measured for all households, U.S. income inequality is comparable to other developed countries before taxes and transfers, but is among the highest after taxes and transfers, meaning the U.S. shifts relatively less income from higher income households to lower income households.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Social class in the United States __knowledge__ Social class in the United States is a controversial issue, having many competing definitions, models, and even disagreements over its very existence.", "Social class in the United States __knowledge__ Many Americans believe in a simple three-class model that includes the \"rich\", the \"middle class\", and the \"poor\".", "Social class in the United States __knowledge__ More complex models that have been proposed describe as many as a dozen class levels; while still others deny the very existence, in the European sense, of \"social class\" in American society.", "Social class in the United States __knowledge__ Most definitions of class structure group people according to wealth, income, education, type of occupation, and membership in a specific subculture or social network.", "Paris in the 18th century __knowledge__ Paris in the 18th century was the second-largest city in Europe, after London, with a population of about 600,000 persons.", "Paris in the 18th century __knowledge__ The century saw the construction of Place Vendôme, the Place de la Concorde, the Champs-Élysées, the church of Les Invalides, and the Panthéon, and the founding of the Louvre Museum.", "Paris in the 18th century __knowledge__ Paris witnessed the end of the reign of Louis XIV, was the center stage of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution, saw the first manned flight, and was the birthplace of high fashion and the modern restaurant.", "Paris in the 18th century __knowledge__ Louis XIV distrusted the Parisians; when he was young he had been forced to flee the city twice, and he did not forget it.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ College admissions in the United States refers to the process of applying for entrance to institutions of higher education for undergraduate study at one of the nation's 2,675 schools.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Generally, the college search begins in the student's eleventh grade of high school with most activity taking place during the twelfth grade, although students at top high schools often begin the process during their tenth grade or earlier.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ In addition, there are considerable numbers of students who transfer from one college to another, as well as adults older than high school age who apply to college.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Millions of high school students apply to college each year." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tax __knowledge__ A tax (from the Latin \"taxo\") is a mandatory financial charge or some other type of levy imposed upon a taxpayer (an individual or other legal entity) by a governmental organization in order to fund various public expenditures.", "Tax __knowledge__ A failure to pay, or evasion of or resistance to taxation, is punishable by law.", "Tax __knowledge__ Taxes consist of direct or indirect taxes and may be paid in money or as its labour equivalent.", "Tax __knowledge__ Most countries have a tax system in place to pay for public/common/agreed national needs and government functions: some levy a flat percentage rate of taxation on personal annual income, some on a scale based on annual income amounts, and some countries impose almost no taxation at all, or a very low tax rate for a certain area of taxation.", "Tax __knowledge__ Some countries charge a tax both on corporate income and dividends; this is often referred to as double taxation as the individual shareholder(s) receiving this payment from the company will also be levied some tax on that personal income.", "Tax __knowledge__ The legal definition and the economical definition of taxes differ in that economists do not regard many transfers to governments as taxes.", "Tax __knowledge__ For example, some transfers to the public sector are comparable to prices.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality in the United States has increased significantly since the 1970s after several decades of stability, meaning the share of the nation's income received by higher income households has increased.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ This trend is evident with income measured both before taxes (market income) as well as after taxes and transfer payments.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality has fluctuated considerably since measurements began around 1915, moving in an arc between peaks in the 1920s and 2000s, with a 30-year period of relatively lower inequality between 1950–1980.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Measured for all households, U.S. income inequality is comparable to other developed countries before taxes and transfers, but is among the highest after taxes and transfers, meaning the U.S. shifts relatively less income from higher income households to lower income households.", "Economic inequality __knowledge__ Economic inequality is the difference found in various measures of economic well-being among individuals in a group, among groups in a population, or among countries.", "Economic inequality __knowledge__ Economic inequality sometimes refers to income inequality, wealth inequality, or the wealth gap.", "Economic inequality __knowledge__ Economists generally focus on economic disparity in three metrics: wealth, income, and consumption.", "Economic inequality __knowledge__ The issue of economic inequality is relevant to notions of equity, equality of outcome, and equality of opportunity.", "Economic inequality __knowledge__ Economic inequality varies between societies, historical periods, economic structures and systems.", "Economic inequality __knowledge__ The term can refer to cross-sectional distribution of income or wealth at any particular period, or to changes of income and wealth over longer periods of time.", "Gender pay gap in the United States __knowledge__ The gender pay gap in the United States is the ratio of female-to-male median yearly earnings among full-time, year-round workers.", "Gender pay gap in the United States __knowledge__ The average woman's unadjusted annual salary has been cited as 78% to 82% of that of the average man's.", "Gender pay gap in the United States __knowledge__ However, after adjusting for choices made by male and female workers in college major, occupation, working hours, and parental leave, multiple studies find that pay rates between males and females varied by 5–6.6% or, females earning 94 cents to every dollar earned by their male counterparts.", "Gender pay gap in the United States __knowledge__ The remaining 6% of the gap has been speculated to originate from gender discrimination and a gender difference in ability and willingness to negotiate salaries.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ Institutional racism (also known as institutionalized racism) is a form of racism expressed in the practice of social and political institutions.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ Institutional racism is also racism by individuals or informal social groups, governed by behavioral norms that support racist thinking and foment active racism.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ It is reflected in disparities regarding wealth, income, criminal justice, employment, housing, health care, political power and education, among other things.", "Institutional racism __knowledge__ Whether implicitly or explicitly expressed, institutional racism occurs when a certain group is targeted and discriminated against based upon race.", "Ambivalence __knowledge__ Ambivalence is a state of having simultaneous conflicting reactions, beliefs, or feelings towards some object.", "Ambivalence __knowledge__ Stated another way, ambivalence is the experience of having an attitude towards someone or something that contains both positively and negatively valenced components.", "Ambivalence __knowledge__ The term also refers to situations where \"mixed feelings\" of a more general sort are experienced, or where a person experiences uncertainty or indecisiveness.", "Ambivalence __knowledge__ Although attitudes tend to guide attitude-relevant behavior, those held with ambivalence tend to do so to a lesser extent.", "Ambivalence __knowledge__ The less certain an individual is in their attitude, the more impressionable it becomes, hence making future actions less predictable and/or less decisive.", "Social media __knowledge__ Social media are computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks.", "Social media __knowledge__ The variety of stand-alone and built-in social media services currently available introduces challenges of definition; however, there are some common features: Users typically access social media services via web-based technologies on desktop, computers, and laptops, or download services that offer social media functionality to their mobile devices (e.g., smartphones and tablet computers).", "Social media __knowledge__ When engaging with these services, users can create highly interactive platforms through which individuals, communities and organizations can share, co-create, discuss, and modify user-generated content or pre-made content posted online.", "Causes of income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Causes of income inequality in the United States describes why changes in the country's income distribution are occurring.", "Causes of income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ This topic is subject to extensive ongoing research, media attention, and political interest, as it involves how the national income of the country is split among its people at various income levels.", "Causes of income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality in the United States has grown significantly since the early 1970s, after several decades of stability, and has been the subject of study of many scholars and institutions.", "Causes of income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ The U.S. consistently exhibits higher rates of income inequality than most developed nations, arguably due to the nation's relatively enhanced support of free market capitalism.", "Tax policy and economic inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Tax policy and economic inequality in the United States discusses how tax policy affects the distribution of income and wealth in the United States.", "Tax policy and economic inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality can be measured before- and after-tax; this article focuses on the after-tax aspects.", "Tax policy and economic inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income tax rates applied to various income levels and tax expenditures (i.e., deductions, exemptions, and preferential rates that modify the outcome of the rate structure) primarily drive how market results are redistributed to impact the after-tax inequality.", "Tax policy and economic inequality in the United States __knowledge__ After-tax inequality has risen in the United States markedly since 1980, following a more egalitarian period following World War II.", "Social inequality __knowledge__ Social inequality occurs when resources in a given society are distributed unevenly, typically through norms of allocation, that engender specific patterns along lines of socially defined categories of persons.", "Social inequality __knowledge__ It is the differentiation preference of access of social goods in the society brought about by power, religion, kinship, coffee, prestige, race, ethnicity, gender, age, sexual orientation, and class.", "Social inequality __knowledge__ The social rights include labor market, the source of income, health care, and freedom of speech, education, political representation, and participation.", "Social inequality __knowledge__ Social inequality linked to Economic inequality, usually described on the basis of the unequal distribution of income or wealth, is a frequently studied type of social inequality.", "Gini coefficient __knowledge__ In economics, the Gini coefficient (sometimes expressed as a Gini ratio or a normalized Gini index) ( ) is a measure of statistical dispersion intended to represent the income or wealth distribution of a nation's residents, and is the most commonly used measure of inequality.", "Gini coefficient __knowledge__ It was developed by the Italian statistician and sociologist Corrado Gini and published in his 1912 paper \"Variability and Mutability\" ().", "Gini coefficient __knowledge__ The Gini coefficient measures the inequality among values of a frequency distribution (for example, levels of income).", "Gini coefficient __knowledge__ A Gini coefficient of zero expresses perfect equality, where all values are the same (for example, where everyone has the same income).", "Income inequality in the Philippines __knowledge__ Income Inequality is the extent at which household income is unevenly distributed amongst a population.", "Income inequality in the Philippines __knowledge__ In other words, it also refers to the gap in income between who can be considered the rich of the population as opposed to the income of those who can be considered the poor of a population.", "Income inequality in the Philippines __knowledge__ Income inequality in the Philippines is the extent to which income, most commonly measured by household or individual, is distributed in an uneven manner in the Philippines.", "Income inequality in the Philippines __knowledge__ The difference of income between the rich and the poor could cause tension in society and political instability.", "Income inequality in the Philippines __knowledge__ Based on gathered data, the Gross Domestic Product of the Philippines has been growing at a rate of 6.8%." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tax __knowledge__ A tax (from the Latin \"taxo\") is a mandatory financial charge or some other type of levy imposed upon a taxpayer (an individual or other legal entity) by a governmental organization in order to fund various public expenditures.", "Tax __knowledge__ A failure to pay, or evasion of or resistance to taxation, is punishable by law.", "Tax __knowledge__ Taxes consist of direct or indirect taxes and may be paid in money or as its labour equivalent.", "Tax __knowledge__ Most countries have a tax system in place to pay for public/common/agreed national needs and government functions: some levy a flat percentage rate of taxation on personal annual income, some on a scale based on annual income amounts, and some countries impose almost no taxation at all, or a very low tax rate for a certain area of taxation.", "Tax __knowledge__ Some countries charge a tax both on corporate income and dividends; this is often referred to as double taxation as the individual shareholder(s) receiving this payment from the company will also be levied some tax on that personal income.", "Tax __knowledge__ The legal definition and the economical definition of taxes differ in that economists do not regard many transfers to governments as taxes.", "Tax __knowledge__ For example, some transfers to the public sector are comparable to prices.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Tax policy and economic inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Tax policy and economic inequality in the United States discusses how tax policy affects the distribution of income and wealth in the United States.", "Tax policy and economic inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality can be measured before- and after-tax; this article focuses on the after-tax aspects.", "Tax policy and economic inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income tax rates applied to various income levels and tax expenditures (i.e., deductions, exemptions, and preferential rates that modify the outcome of the rate structure) primarily drive how market results are redistributed to impact the after-tax inequality.", "Tax policy and economic inequality in the United States __knowledge__ After-tax inequality has risen in the United States markedly since 1980, following a more egalitarian period following World War II.", "Economic policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Donald Trump's signature economic policy proposals, sometimes referred to as MAGAnomics or Trumponomics, include trade protectionism, immigration reduction, individual and corporate tax reform, the dismantling of the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and the repeal of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (\"Obamacare\").", "Economic policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Bills to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act (\"Obamacare\") did not pass Congress in mid-2017.", "Economic policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ However, Trump's tax reform plan was signed into law in December 2017, which included substantial tax cuts for higher income taxpayers and corporations as well as repeal of a key Obamacare element, the individual mandate.", "Deficit reduction in the United States __knowledge__ Deficit reduction in the United States refers to taxation, spending, and economic policy debates and proposals designed to reduce the Federal budget deficit.", "Deficit reduction in the United States __knowledge__ Government agencies including the Government Accountability Office (GAO), Congressional Budget Office (CBO), the Office of Management and Budget (OMB),and the U.S. Treasury Department have reported that the federal government is facing a series of important long-run financing challenges, mainly driven by an aging population, rising healthcare costs per person, and rising interest payments on the national debt.", "Deficit reduction in the United States __knowledge__ CBO reported in July 2014 that the continuation of present tax and spending policies for the long-run (into the 2030s) results in a budget trajectory that causes debt to grow faster than GDP, which is \"unsustainable.\"", "Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 __knowledge__ Public law no.", "Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 __knowledge__ 115-97, an Act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to titles II and V of the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2018, is a congressional revenue act originally introduced in Congress as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA).", "Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 __knowledge__ It amended the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and was based on tax reform advocated by congressional Republicans and the Trump administration.", "Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 __knowledge__ Major elements include reducing tax rates for businesses and individuals; a personal tax simplification by increasing the standard deduction and family tax credits, but eliminating personal exemptions and making it less beneficial to itemize deductions; limiting deductions for state and local income taxes (SALT) and property taxes; further limiting the mortgage interest deduction; reducing the alternative minimum tax for individuals and eliminating it for corporations; reducing the number of estates impacted by the estate tax; and repealing the individual mandate of the Affordable Care Act (ACA).", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ The political positions of Mitt Romney have been recorded from his 1994 U.S. senatorial campaign, the 2002 gubernatorial election, during his 2003–2007 governorship, during his 2008 U.S. presidential campaign, in his 2010 book \"\", and during his 2012 U.S. presidential campaign.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ Some of these political positions have changed, while others have remained unchanged.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In his 1994 Senate campaign, Romney called for the \"virtual elimination\" of the federal Department of Agriculture and for reductions in farm subsidies.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In 2007, when questioned about these views, a Romney for President Iowa campaign spokesman responded: \"Governor Romney believes that investing in agriculture is key to our economy and families.\"", "Political positions of Jeb Bush __knowledge__ Jeb Bush is a Republican politician in the United States.", "Political positions of Jeb Bush __knowledge__ Bush was governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007.", "Political positions of Jeb Bush __knowledge__ He was a candidate for the Republican nomination for president of the United States in the 2016 election.", "Political positions of Jeb Bush __knowledge__ In 2013, statistician Nate Silver \"constructed ideological scores for a set of plausible 2016 Republican candidates based on a combination of three statistical indices.\"", "Political positions of Jeb Bush __knowledge__ Bush's ideological score on this scale was similar to that of previous Republican nominees John McCain and Mitt Romney.", "Political positions of Jeb Bush __knowledge__ A January 2015 Bloomberg News analysis suggested that Jeb Bush is more conservative than former presidents George W. Bush (Jeb's brother) and George H. W. Bush (Jeb's father).", "Economic inequality __knowledge__ Economic inequality is the difference found in various measures of economic well-being among individuals in a group, among groups in a population, or among countries.", "Economic inequality __knowledge__ Economic inequality sometimes refers to income inequality, wealth inequality, or the wealth gap.", "Economic inequality __knowledge__ Economists generally focus on economic disparity in three metrics: wealth, income, and consumption.", "Economic inequality __knowledge__ The issue of economic inequality is relevant to notions of equity, equality of outcome, and equality of opportunity.", "Economic inequality __knowledge__ Economic inequality varies between societies, historical periods, economic structures and systems.", "Economic inequality __knowledge__ The term can refer to cross-sectional distribution of income or wealth at any particular period, or to changes of income and wealth over longer periods of time.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality in the United States has increased significantly since the 1970s after several decades of stability, meaning the share of the nation's income received by higher income households has increased.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ This trend is evident with income measured both before taxes (market income) as well as after taxes and transfer payments.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality has fluctuated considerably since measurements began around 1915, moving in an arc between peaks in the 1920s and 2000s, with a 30-year period of relatively lower inequality between 1950–1980.", "Income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Measured for all households, U.S. income inequality is comparable to other developed countries before taxes and transfers, but is among the highest after taxes and transfers, meaning the U.S. shifts relatively less income from higher income households to lower income households.", "Causes of income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Causes of income inequality in the United States describes why changes in the country's income distribution are occurring.", "Causes of income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ This topic is subject to extensive ongoing research, media attention, and political interest, as it involves how the national income of the country is split among its people at various income levels.", "Causes of income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ Income inequality in the United States has grown significantly since the early 1970s, after several decades of stability, and has been the subject of study of many scholars and institutions.", "Causes of income inequality in the United States __knowledge__ The U.S. consistently exhibits higher rates of income inequality than most developed nations, arguably due to the nation's relatively enhanced support of free market capitalism.", "Social inequality __knowledge__ Social inequality occurs when resources in a given society are distributed unevenly, typically through norms of allocation, that engender specific patterns along lines of socially defined categories of persons.", "Social inequality __knowledge__ It is the differentiation preference of access of social goods in the society brought about by power, religion, kinship, coffee, prestige, race, ethnicity, gender, age, sexual orientation, and class.", "Social inequality __knowledge__ The social rights include labor market, the source of income, health care, and freedom of speech, education, political representation, and participation.", "Social inequality __knowledge__ Social inequality linked to Economic inequality, usually described on the basis of the unequal distribution of income or wealth, is a frequently studied type of social inequality." ] ]

[ 30, 45, 43, 26 ]

[ "I think it's a good idea because wealthy people are a lot more wealthy than middle class. We're talking about millionaires.", "I don't know, but I'm glad the decision on such things is not up to me. Income inequality has fluctuated considerably since 1915. In the years 1950-1980 it was a little lower but now it's probably the highest it's been.", "Yes, tax policy and economic inequality in the US is a huge topic, tax policy affects the distribution of wealth a lot.", "Yeah and the Tax cut in 2017 affected major elements like reducing tax rates for businesses and individuals." ]

[ "Tax", "Tax", "Tax", "Tax" ]

[ "Collie", "I do too. I love collies in general.", "Yes, definitely high energy. Is there something specifically that collies are generally used to herd?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a distinctive type of herding dog, including many related landraces and standardised breeds.", "Collie __knowledge__ The type originated in Scotland and Northern England.", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a medium-sized, fairly lightly built dog, with a pointed snout.", "Collie __knowledge__ Many types have a distinctive white pattern over the shoulders.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collies are very active and agile, and most types of collies have a very strong herding instinct.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collie breeds have spread through many parts of the world (especially Australia and North America) and have diversified into many varieties, sometimes with mixture from other dog types.", "Collie __knowledge__ Some collie breeds have remained as working dogs, used for herding cattle, sheep and other livestock, while others are kept as pets, show dogs or for dog sports, in which they display great agility, stamina and trainability.", "Collie __knowledge__ While the AKC has a breed they call \"Collie\", in fact collie dogs are a distinctive type of herding dog including many related landraces and formal breeds.", "Collie __knowledge__ There are usually major distinctions between show dogs and those bred for herding trials or dog sports.", "Collie __knowledge__ They typically display great agility, stamina and trainability and more importantly sagacity.", "Collie __knowledge__ Common use of the name \"collie\" in some areas is limited largely to certain breeds – such as to the Rough Collie in parts of the United States, or to the Border Collie in many rural parts of Great Britain." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a distinctive type of herding dog, including many related landraces and standardised breeds.", "Collie __knowledge__ The type originated in Scotland and Northern England.", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a medium-sized, fairly lightly built dog, with a pointed snout.", "Collie __knowledge__ Many types have a distinctive white pattern over the shoulders.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collies are very active and agile, and most types of collies have a very strong herding instinct.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collie breeds have spread through many parts of the world (especially Australia and North America) and have diversified into many varieties, sometimes with mixture from other dog types.", "Collie __knowledge__ Some collie breeds have remained as working dogs, used for herding cattle, sheep and other livestock, while others are kept as pets, show dogs or for dog sports, in which they display great agility, stamina and trainability.", "Collie __knowledge__ While the AKC has a breed they call \"Collie\", in fact collie dogs are a distinctive type of herding dog including many related landraces and formal breeds.", "Collie __knowledge__ There are usually major distinctions between show dogs and those bred for herding trials or dog sports.", "Collie __knowledge__ They typically display great agility, stamina and trainability and more importantly sagacity.", "Collie __knowledge__ Common use of the name \"collie\" in some areas is limited largely to certain breeds – such as to the Rough Collie in parts of the United States, or to the Border Collie in many rural parts of Great Britain.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ The Border Collie is a working and herding dog breed developed in the Anglo-Scottish border region for herding livestock, especially sheep.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ It was specifically bred for intelligence and obedience.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Considered highly intelligent, extremely energetic, acrobatic and athletic, they frequently compete with great success in sheepdog trials and dog sports.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ They are often cited as the most intelligent of all domestic dogs.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Border Collies continue to be employed in their traditional work of herding livestock throughout the world.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ In general, Border Collies are medium-sized dogs with a moderate amount of coat, which is most often thick and sheds often.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ The Rough Collie (also known as the Long-Haired Collie) is a long-coated breed of medium to large size dog that in its original form was a type of collie used and bred for herding in Scotland.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ Originating in the 1800s, it is now well known through the works of author Albert Payson Terhune, and through the \"Lassie\" novel, movies, and television shows.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ There is also a smooth-coated variety; some breed organisations, including both the American and the Canadian Kennel Clubs, consider the smooth-coat and rough-coat dogs to be variations of the same breed.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ Rough Collies generally come in shades of sable, merles, and tri-coloured.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ The Scotch Collie is a landrace breed of dog which originated from the highland regions of Scotland.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ The breed consisted of both the long-haired (now known as Rough) Collie and the short-haired (now known as Smooth) Collie.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ It is generally believed to have descended from a variety of ancient herding dogs, some dating back to the Roman occupation, which may have included Roman Cattle Dogs, Native Celtic Dogs and Viking Herding Spitzes.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ Other ancestors include the Gordon and Irish Setters.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ In Scotland, this dog was referred to as \"cooley\", \"coaly\" and \"colley\" dogs.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ The name \"Collie\" is thought to come from the Old English word for \"black\" or \"coal\" (coll) and may have referred to a type of sheep (Coaley) which they were once used to herd.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ The Bearded Collie, or Beardie, is a herding breed of dog once used primarily by Scottish shepherds, but now mostly a popular family companion.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ Bearded Collies have an average weight of .", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ Males are around tall at the withers while females are around tall.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ The Bearded Collie's history is a combination of fact and legend.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ Kazimierz Grabski, a Polish merchant, reportedly traded a shipment of grain for sheep in Scotland in 1514 and brought six Polish Lowland Sheepdogs to move them.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ A Scottish shepherd was so impressed with the herding ability of the dogs that he traded several sheep for several dogs.", "Farm collie __knowledge__ Farm collie or farmcollie is an informal term for a class of herding dog, of the broader collie type.", "Farm collie __knowledge__ Farm collies are bred for more than looks; working dog traits, including cleverness, loyalty, and hardiness, are sought.", "Farm collie __knowledge__ Farm collies are also common household pets, and sometimes trained as guide dogs for the visually impaired.", "Farm collie __knowledge__ The term \"farm collie\" can have various meanings, including: There are different standardised breeds of collie, each often called simply \"collie\" in their native regions, including: A farm collie may be descended from any of these.", "Farm collie __knowledge__ The diversity of foundation stock breeds means that a farm collie's looks can vary greatly, ranging from those of a Border Collie to those of a Rough Collie.", "Lad, A Dog __knowledge__ Lad: A Dog is a 1919 American novel written by Albert Payson Terhune and published by E. P. Dutton.", "Lad, A Dog __knowledge__ Composed of twelve short stories first published in magazines, the novel is based on the life of Terhune's real-life rough collie, Lad.", "Lad, A Dog __knowledge__ Born in 1902, the real-life Lad was an unregistered collie of unknown lineage originally owned by Terhune's father.", "Lad, A Dog __knowledge__ Lad's death in 1918 was mourned by many of the story's fans, particularly children.", "Lad, A Dog __knowledge__ Through the stories of Lad's adventures, Terhune expresses his views on parenting, obtaining perfect obedience without force, and the nature and rights of the \"well-bred\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a distinctive type of herding dog, including many related landraces and standardised breeds.", "Collie __knowledge__ The type originated in Scotland and Northern England.", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a medium-sized, fairly lightly built dog, with a pointed snout.", "Collie __knowledge__ Many types have a distinctive white pattern over the shoulders.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collies are very active and agile, and most types of collies have a very strong herding instinct.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collie breeds have spread through many parts of the world (especially Australia and North America) and have diversified into many varieties, sometimes with mixture from other dog types.", "Collie __knowledge__ Some collie breeds have remained as working dogs, used for herding cattle, sheep and other livestock, while others are kept as pets, show dogs or for dog sports, in which they display great agility, stamina and trainability.", "Collie __knowledge__ While the AKC has a breed they call \"Collie\", in fact collie dogs are a distinctive type of herding dog including many related landraces and formal breeds.", "Collie __knowledge__ There are usually major distinctions between show dogs and those bred for herding trials or dog sports.", "Collie __knowledge__ They typically display great agility, stamina and trainability and more importantly sagacity.", "Collie __knowledge__ Common use of the name \"collie\" in some areas is limited largely to certain breeds – such as to the Rough Collie in parts of the United States, or to the Border Collie in many rural parts of Great Britain.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ The Border Collie is a working and herding dog breed developed in the Anglo-Scottish border region for herding livestock, especially sheep.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ It was specifically bred for intelligence and obedience.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Considered highly intelligent, extremely energetic, acrobatic and athletic, they frequently compete with great success in sheepdog trials and dog sports.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ They are often cited as the most intelligent of all domestic dogs.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Border Collies continue to be employed in their traditional work of herding livestock throughout the world.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ In general, Border Collies are medium-sized dogs with a moderate amount of coat, which is most often thick and sheds often.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ The Rough Collie (also known as the Long-Haired Collie) is a long-coated breed of medium to large size dog that in its original form was a type of collie used and bred for herding in Scotland.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ Originating in the 1800s, it is now well known through the works of author Albert Payson Terhune, and through the \"Lassie\" novel, movies, and television shows.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ There is also a smooth-coated variety; some breed organisations, including both the American and the Canadian Kennel Clubs, consider the smooth-coat and rough-coat dogs to be variations of the same breed.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ Rough Collies generally come in shades of sable, merles, and tri-coloured.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ The Bearded Collie, or Beardie, is a herding breed of dog once used primarily by Scottish shepherds, but now mostly a popular family companion.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ Bearded Collies have an average weight of .", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ Males are around tall at the withers while females are around tall.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ The Bearded Collie's history is a combination of fact and legend.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ Kazimierz Grabski, a Polish merchant, reportedly traded a shipment of grain for sheep in Scotland in 1514 and brought six Polish Lowland Sheepdogs to move them.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ A Scottish shepherd was so impressed with the herding ability of the dogs that he traded several sheep for several dogs.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ The Scotch Collie is a landrace breed of dog which originated from the highland regions of Scotland.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ The breed consisted of both the long-haired (now known as Rough) Collie and the short-haired (now known as Smooth) Collie.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ It is generally believed to have descended from a variety of ancient herding dogs, some dating back to the Roman occupation, which may have included Roman Cattle Dogs, Native Celtic Dogs and Viking Herding Spitzes.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ Other ancestors include the Gordon and Irish Setters.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ In Scotland, this dog was referred to as \"cooley\", \"coaly\" and \"colley\" dogs.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ The name \"Collie\" is thought to come from the Old English word for \"black\" or \"coal\" (coll) and may have referred to a type of sheep (Coaley) which they were once used to herd.", "Karkinits'ka Zatoka State Zakaznik __knowledge__ Karkinits’ka zatóka State Zakaznik (Karkinit Bay Sanctuary) is a protected area (\"zakaznik\") located in the Karkinit Bay, Black Sea, between the southwestern Crimean Peninsula and mainland Ukraine.", "Karkinits'ka Zatoka State Zakaznik __knowledge__ It was named after the early Greek settlement of Karkinit on the Crimean coast in place of modern Yevpatoria.", "Karkinits'ka Zatoka State Zakaznik __knowledge__ Translated from the Greek means little or small crab.", "Karkinits'ka Zatoka State Zakaznik __knowledge__ It juts to dry land on 118,5 km.", "Karkinits'ka Zatoka State Zakaznik __knowledge__ The depth in the western part is up to 36 m and in the east to 10 m. The length of the bay is about 120 thousand kilometers.", "Karkinits'ka Zatoka State Zakaznik __knowledge__ The Bay is limited with the mainland and Dzharylgatskaya Spit from the North, and Tarkhankut Peninsula from the South.", "Horse behavior __knowledge__ Horse Behaviour has been studied by horse users for centuries, as the horse was one of the first animals mankind domesticated and understanding its behaviour has always been important in horse welfare and in training to get the best use out of a horse.", "Horse behavior __knowledge__ In the wild, horses are prey animals that live in herds, which affects their reactions to other horses and to the world around them.", "Horse behavior __knowledge__ Their behaviour in wild, feral conditions has been studied extensively as has their reactions to living and working in domestic situations.", "Horse behavior __knowledge__ Interactions with other horses, such as dominance and communication methods has been studied extensively and numerous books and videos exist on different aspects of horse behaviour.", "English Shepherd __knowledge__ The English Shepherd is an extremely versatile breed of working dog of the collie lineage, developed in the United States from farm dogs brought by English and Scottish settlers in the 17th through 19th centuries before pedigrees became fashionable around the end of the 19th century.", "English Shepherd __knowledge__ Subsistence farmers appreciated the breed for their versatility and not for their flash or strict conformation to a standard of appearance.", "English Shepherd __knowledge__ The English Shepherd is a highly intelligent, all-around farm dog, being used as a herding dog, livestock guardian, farm watch dog, hunting dog, vermin eradicator and a child's companion.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ A herding dog, also known as a stock dog or working dog, is a type of pastoral dog that either has been trained in herding or belongs to breeds developed for herding.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ Their ability to be trained to act on the sound of a whistle or word of command is renowned throughout the world.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ Collies are recommended as herding dogs.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ All herding behavior is modified predatory behavior.", "Herding dog __knowledge__ Through selective breeding, humans have been able to minimize the dog's natural inclination to treat cattle and sheep as prey while simultaneously maintaining the dog's hunting skills, thereby creating an effective herding dog.", "Farm collie __knowledge__ Farm collie or farmcollie is an informal term for a class of herding dog, of the broader collie type.", "Farm collie __knowledge__ Farm collies are bred for more than looks; working dog traits, including cleverness, loyalty, and hardiness, are sought.", "Farm collie __knowledge__ Farm collies are also common household pets, and sometimes trained as guide dogs for the visually impaired.", "Farm collie __knowledge__ The term \"farm collie\" can have various meanings, including: There are different standardised breeds of collie, each often called simply \"collie\" in their native regions, including: A farm collie may be descended from any of these.", "Farm collie __knowledge__ The diversity of foundation stock breeds means that a farm collie's looks can vary greatly, ranging from those of a Border Collie to those of a Rough Collie.", "Smooth Collie __knowledge__ The Smooth Collie is a breed of dog developed originally for herding.", "Smooth Collie __knowledge__ It is a short-coated version of the Rough Collie of Lassie fame.", "Smooth Collie __knowledge__ Some breed organisations consider the smooth-coat and rough-coat dogs to be variations of the same breed.", "Smooth Collie __knowledge__ The early history of the Smooth Collie, like that of many dog breeds, is largely a matter of speculation.", "Smooth Collie __knowledge__ The most common view of the breed is that they are descended from a population of shepherds' dogs brought to Scotland by the Romans around the 5th century.", "Smooth Collie __knowledge__ Even the origin of the breed's name is unclear, variously claimed to describe the early shepherd dog's dark colour (\"coaly\"), or derived from the name of a breed of sheep with black faces once commonly kept in Scotland (\"Colley\"), or derived from an Anglo-Saxon word meaning \"useful.\"" ] ]

[ 0, 5, 0 ]

[ "Hey there! I love how collies can be good herders.", "Most collies are very active dogs. Their herding instinct is really strong.", "I think they are good at herding sheep." ]

[ "Collie", "Collie", "Collie" ]

[ "Dog\nHello! I really love dogs, especially terriers. What about you?", "What are they like? I have one dog; his name is Ringo. He is very stubborn, but a good boy and very funny.", "Do they all sleep in bed with you? Ringo is not allowed to sleep with me, because he has bad gas and tries to lick my face at night.", "Wow. Does Thor act like a pet or is he all business? Does he attack intruders?", "Does Thor eat the same amount of food as a regular dog his size, or does he need more because he's working?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Must Love Dogs is a 2005 American romantic comedy film based on Claire Cook's 2002 novel of the same name.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Starring Diane Lane and John Cusack, it is the second and final film directed and written by Gary David Goldberg and was produced on a budget of $30 million.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ The film focuses on a woman's struggle with divorce and meeting new people afterward.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Production started on October 12, 2004 with a final release date of July 29, 2005.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Critics opinions were mostly negative but indicated that the actors were not to blame.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ \"Must Love Dogs\" took the fifth spot on its opening weekend and has grossed more than $58 million worldwide.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ The Yorkshire Terrier is a small dog breed of terrier type, developed during the 19th century in Yorkshire, England, to catch rats in clothing mills.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ Ideally its maximum size is , although some may exceed this and grow up to .", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ It is placed in the Toy Terrier section of the Terrier Group by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale and in the Toy Group or Companion Group by other kennel clubs, including the American Kennel Club.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ A popular companion dog, the Yorkshire Terrier has also been part of the development of other breeds, such as the Australian Silky Terrier.", "Yorkshire Terrier __knowledge__ It has a grey, black, and tan coat, and the breed's nickname is Yorkie.", "Terrier __knowledge__ A terrier is a dog of any one of many breeds or landraces of the terrier type, which are typically small, wiry and fearless.", "Terrier __knowledge__ Terrier breeds vary greatly in size from just to over and are usually categorized by size or function.", "Terrier __knowledge__ There are five different groups with each group having several different breeds.", "Terrier __knowledge__ Most terrier breeds were developed in Great Britain and Ireland.", "Terrier __knowledge__ They were used to control rats, rabbits, and foxes both over and under the ground.", "Terrier __knowledge__ Some larger terriers were also used to hunt badgers.", "Terrier __knowledge__ The word terrier comes from the Middle French \"terre\", derived from the Latin word for earth, \"terra\".", "Irish Terrier __knowledge__ The Irish Terrier () is a dog breed from Ireland, one of many breeds of terrier.", "Irish Terrier __knowledge__ The Irish Terrier is considered one of the oldest terrier breeds.", "Irish Terrier __knowledge__ The Dublin dog show in 1873 was the first to provide a separate class for Irish Terriers.", "Irish Terrier __knowledge__ By the 1880s, Irish Terriers were the fourth most popular breed in Ireland and Britain.", "Irish Terrier __knowledge__ The Irish Terrier is an active and compactly sized dog that is suited for life in both rural and city environments.", "Irish Terrier __knowledge__ Its harsh red coat protects it from all kinds of weather.", "Irish Terrier __knowledge__ Breed standards describe the ideal Irish Terrier as being racy, red and rectangular.", "Irish Terrier __knowledge__ Racy: an Irish Terrier should appear powerful without being sturdy or heavy.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier (APBT) is a dog breed.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized, solidly-built, intelligent, short-haired dog whose early ancestors came from the British Isles.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ When compared with the English Staffordshire Bull Terrier (another breed within the type commonly called pit bulls), the American Pit Bull Terrier is larger by margins of in height and in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ The American Pit Bull Terrier varies in size.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Males normally are about 18-21 inches (45–53 cm) in height and around 35-60 pounds (15–27 kg) in weight.", "American Pit Bull Terrier __knowledge__ Females are normally around 17-20 inches (43–50 cm) in height and 30-50 pounds (13–22 kg) in weight.", "Airedale Terrier __knowledge__ The Airedale Terrier (often shortened to \"Airedale\"), also called Bingley Terrier and Waterside Terrier, is a dog breed of the terrier type that originated in the valley (\"dale\") of the River Aire, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England.", "Airedale Terrier __knowledge__ It is traditionally called the \"King of Terriers\" because it is the largest of the terrier breeds.", "Airedale Terrier __knowledge__ The Airedale was bred from the Old English Black and Tan Terrier (now extinct), the Bull Terrier, the Otterhound and probably some other Terrier breeds, originally to serve as an all around working farm dog.", "Airedale Terrier __knowledge__ In Britain this breed has also been used as a war dog, guide dog and police dog.", "Scottish Terrier __knowledge__ The Scottish Terrier (also known as the Aberdeen Terrier), popularly called the Scottie, is a breed of dog.", "Scottish Terrier __knowledge__ Initially one of the highland breeds of terrier that were grouped under the name of \"Skye Terrier\", it is one of five breeds of terrier that originated in Scotland, the other four being the modern Skye, Cairn, Dandie Dinmont, and West Highland White Terriers.", "Scottish Terrier __knowledge__ They are an independent and rugged breed with a wiry outer coat and a soft dense undercoat.", "Scottish Terrier __knowledge__ The First Earl of Dumbarton nicknamed the breed \"the diehard\".", "Scottish Terrier __knowledge__ The modern breed is said to be able to trace its lineage back to a single female, named Splinter II." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Ringo Brown __knowledge__ Ringo Brown is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera \"Neighbours\", played by Sam Clark.", "Ringo Brown __knowledge__ Clark was given the role after he entered and won a \"Dolly\" magazine competition.", "Ringo Brown __knowledge__ He made his first screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 24 January 2007.", "Ringo Brown __knowledge__ Ringo's storylines have included his ongoing battle with an eating disorder, a bus crash, a relationship with an older woman, the collapse of a warehouse roof at an illegal dance party and his on-off relationship with Donna Freedman.", "Ringo Brown __knowledge__ In July 2010, it was announced that Clark had decided to leave \"Neighbours\".", "Ringo Brown __knowledge__ He filmed his final scenes at the end of the month and Ringo made his last credited appearance on 18 October 2010.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ The Beatles is an American animated television series featuring representations of the popular English rock band of the same name.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ It ran from 1965 to 1969 on ABC in the U.S. (only 1965 to 1967 was first run; later transmissions were reruns).", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ The series debuted on September 25, 1965 and ended on October 21, 1967.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ A total of 39 episodes were produced.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ The series was shown on Saturday mornings at 10:30 AM EST until the 1967 third season when it was moved to 12:00 PM EST.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ For the fourth season, which consisted of reruns, the series was shown at 9:30 AM EST on Sunday mornings.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ Each episode has a name of a Beatles song, so the story is based on its lyrics and it is also played at some time in the episode.", "List of Neighbours characters (2008) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the Network Ten soap opera \"Neighbours\" in 2008, by order of first appearance.", "List of Neighbours characters (2008) __knowledge__ In December 2007, it was announced that Susan Bower would be taking over the role of executive producer from Ric Pellizzeri, who had been with the show for five years.", "List of Neighbours characters (2008) __knowledge__ The 24th season of \"Neighbours\" began airing on 14 January 2008 and Bower started on set on 21 January 2008.", "List of Neighbours characters (2008) __knowledge__ On 26 May, Bower's name was added to the credits alongside Pellizzeri's.", "List of Neighbours characters (2008) __knowledge__ January saw the birth of Chloe Cammeniti, the first child of the established Carmella Cammeniti and Oliver Barnes.", "Good Boy! __knowledge__ Good Boy!", "Good Boy! __knowledge__ is a 2003 comedy film directed by John Hoffman, based on the book \"Dogs from Outer Space\" by Zeke Richardson; Hoffman and Richardson collaborated on the screen story, while Hoffman wrote the screenplay.", "Good Boy! __knowledge__ The film stars Liam Aiken as Owen Baker, as well as the voices of Matthew Broderick, Delta Burke, Donald Faison, Brittany Murphy, Carl Reiner, Vanessa Redgrave and Cheech Marin as the abundant dog characters in the film.", "Good Boy! __knowledge__ Owen Baker (Liam Aiken) is a 12-year-old who has been working as the neighborhood dog-walker so he can earn the privilege of getting a dog of his own.", "Good Boy! __knowledge__ Owen's hard work pays off when his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Baker (Kevin Nealon and Molly Shannon), let Owen adopt a scruffy Border Terrier that he names Hubble (voice of Matthew Broderick).", "List of Neighbours characters (2007) __knowledge__ \"Neighbours\" is an Australian television soap opera that was first broadcast on 18 March 1985.", "List of Neighbours characters (2007) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared on the show in 2007, by order of first appearance.", "List of Neighbours characters (2007) __knowledge__ All characters were introduced by the show's executive producer Ric Pellizzeri.", "List of Neighbours characters (2007) __knowledge__ The 23rd season of \"Neighbours\" began airing from 8 January 2007.", "List of Neighbours characters (2007) __knowledge__ That month saw both Ringo Brown and Oliver Barnes introduced as brothers of established characters.", "List of Neighbours characters (2007) __knowledge__ March saw the year's first baby, Holly Hoyland, born.", "List of Neighbours characters (2007) __knowledge__ Con artists Terrence Chesterton and Charlotte Stone arrived the following month, along with Mary Casey.", "Donna Freedman __knowledge__ Donna Freedman (also Brown) is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera \"Neighbours\", played by Margot Robbie.", "Donna Freedman __knowledge__ Believing she had performed badly in the audition, Robbie went on holiday to Canada.", "Donna Freedman __knowledge__ She then learned she had won the part and had to return to Australia to begin filming.", "Donna Freedman __knowledge__ She made her first screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 2 June 2008.", "Donna Freedman __knowledge__ Donna was initially introduced as a guest character, but Robbie was promoted to the regular cast shortly after she made her debut.", "Donna Freedman __knowledge__ In April 2010, it was revealed that Robbie had told producers she would like to leave when her contract expired at the end of the year.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fighting is a type of blood sport generally defined as two or more game dogs against one another in a ring or a pit for the entertainment of the spectators or the gratification of the dogfighters, who are sometimes referred to as dogmen.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ In rural areas, fights are often staged in barns or outdoor pits; in urban areas, fights may occur in garages, basements, warehouses, abandoned buildings, back alleys, neighborhood playgrounds, or in the streets.", "Dog fighting __knowledge__ Dog fights usually last until one dog is declared a winner, which occurs when one dog fails to scratch, one dog dies, or one dog jumps out of the pit.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Must Love Dogs is a 2005 American romantic comedy film based on Claire Cook's 2002 novel of the same name.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Starring Diane Lane and John Cusack, it is the second and final film directed and written by Gary David Goldberg and was produced on a budget of $30 million.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ The film focuses on a woman's struggle with divorce and meeting new people afterward.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Production started on October 12, 2004 with a final release date of July 29, 2005.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ Critics opinions were mostly negative but indicated that the actors were not to blame.", "Must Love Dogs __knowledge__ \"Must Love Dogs\" took the fifth spot on its opening weekend and has grossed more than $58 million worldwide.", "List of Balto characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the movie Balto and its sequels.", "List of Balto characters __knowledge__ Balto is the title character and protagonist of the film \"Balto\" and its related sequels.", "List of Balto characters __knowledge__ The character of Balto was based on a real dog that lived in Nome in 1925.", "List of Balto characters __knowledge__ Similarly to the film character, the real Balto gained fame as the lead dog of a sled team that was the last team on a mission to relay antitoxin to Nome, where an outbreak of diphtheria was occurring.", "List of Balto characters __knowledge__ While the real Balto was a Siberian Husky, the film instead portrays Balto as a wolf/husky hybrid.", "List of Balto characters __knowledge__ In the film series, Balto is said to be the offspring of a female wolf and a male husky.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ Dog anatomy comprises the anatomical studies of the visible parts of the body of a canine.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ Details of structures vary tremendously from breed to breed, more than in any other animal species, wild or domesticated, as dogs are highly variable in height and weight.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ The smallest known adult dog was a Yorkshire Terrier that stood only at the shoulder, in length along the head and body, and weighed only .", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ The largest known adult dog was an English Mastiff which weighed and was from the snout to the tail.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ The tallest known adult dog is a Great Dane that stands at the shoulder.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ Source: The following is a list of the muscles in the dog along with their origin, insertion, action and innervation.", "1925 serum run to Nome __knowledge__ The 1925 serum run to Nome, also known as the Great Race of Mercy, was a transport of diphtheria antitoxin by dog sled relay across the U.S. territory of Alaska by 20 mushers and about 150 sled dogs in five and a half days, saving the small town of Nome and the surrounding communities from an incipient epidemic.", "1925 serum run to Nome __knowledge__ Both the mushers and their dogs were portrayed as heroes in the newly popular medium of radio, and received headline coverage in newspapers across the United States.", "1925 serum run to Nome __knowledge__ Balto, the lead sled dog on the final stretch into Nome, became the most famous canine celebrity of the era after Rin Tin Tin, and his statue is a popular tourist attraction in New York City's Central Park.", "Hotel for Dogs (film) __knowledge__ Hotel for Dogs is a 2009 American family comedy film based on Lois Duncan's 1971 novel of the same name.", "Hotel for Dogs (film) __knowledge__ The movie, directed by Thor Freudenthal, was adapted by Bob Schooley and Mark McCorkle (both of \"Kim Possible\" fame) along with Jeff Lowell.", "Hotel for Dogs (film) __knowledge__ The picture stars Jake T. Austin, Emma Roberts, Troy Gentile, Kyla Pratt, Johnny Simmons, Lisa Kudrow, Kevin Dillon and Don Cheadle.", "Hotel for Dogs (film) __knowledge__ It tells the story of two orphans, Andi and Bruce (played by Roberts and Austin), who attempt to hide their dog at an abandoned hotel after their strict new guardians tell them that pets are forbidden at their home.", "Hotel for Dogs (film) __knowledge__ They also take in other dogs to avoid the dogs being taken away by two cold hearted animal pound workers and police officers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "List of Neighbours characters (2007) __knowledge__ \"Neighbours\" is an Australian television soap opera that was first broadcast on 18 March 1985.", "List of Neighbours characters (2007) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared on the show in 2007, by order of first appearance.", "List of Neighbours characters (2007) __knowledge__ All characters were introduced by the show's executive producer Ric Pellizzeri.", "List of Neighbours characters (2007) __knowledge__ The 23rd season of \"Neighbours\" began airing from 8 January 2007.", "List of Neighbours characters (2007) __knowledge__ That month saw both Ringo Brown and Oliver Barnes introduced as brothers of established characters.", "List of Neighbours characters (2007) __knowledge__ March saw the year's first baby, Holly Hoyland, born.", "List of Neighbours characters (2007) __knowledge__ Con artists Terrence Chesterton and Charlotte Stone arrived the following month, along with Mary Casey.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ The Beatles is an American animated television series featuring representations of the popular English rock band of the same name.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ It ran from 1965 to 1969 on ABC in the U.S. (only 1965 to 1967 was first run; later transmissions were reruns).", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ The series debuted on September 25, 1965 and ended on October 21, 1967.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ A total of 39 episodes were produced.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ The series was shown on Saturday mornings at 10:30 AM EST until the 1967 third season when it was moved to 12:00 PM EST.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ For the fourth season, which consisted of reruns, the series was shown at 9:30 AM EST on Sunday mornings.", "The Beatles (TV series) __knowledge__ Each episode has a name of a Beatles song, so the story is based on its lyrics and it is also played at some time in the episode.", "List of Neighbours characters (2008) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the Network Ten soap opera \"Neighbours\" in 2008, by order of first appearance.", "List of Neighbours characters (2008) __knowledge__ In December 2007, it was announced that Susan Bower would be taking over the role of executive producer from Ric Pellizzeri, who had been with the show for five years.", "List of Neighbours characters (2008) __knowledge__ The 24th season of \"Neighbours\" began airing on 14 January 2008 and Bower started on set on 21 January 2008.", "List of Neighbours characters (2008) __knowledge__ On 26 May, Bower's name was added to the credits alongside Pellizzeri's.", "List of Neighbours characters (2008) __knowledge__ January saw the birth of Chloe Cammeniti, the first child of the established Carmella Cammeniti and Oliver Barnes.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "Insomnia __knowledge__ Insomnia, also known as sleeplessness, is a sleep disorder where people have trouble sleeping.", "Insomnia __knowledge__ They may have difficulty falling asleep, or staying asleep as long as desired.", "Insomnia __knowledge__ Insomnia is typically followed by daytime sleepiness, low energy, irritability, and a depressed mood.", "Insomnia __knowledge__ It may result in an increased risk of motor vehicle collisions, as well as problems focusing and learning.", "Insomnia __knowledge__ Insomnia can be short term, lasting for days or weeks, or long term, lasting more than a month.", "Insomnia __knowledge__ Insomnia can occur independently or as a result of another problem.", "Insomnia __knowledge__ Conditions that can result in insomnia include psychological stress, chronic pain, heart failure, hyperthyroidism, heartburn, restless leg syndrome, menopause, certain medications, and drugs such as caffeine, nicotine, and alcohol.", "Sleep and memory __knowledge__ The relationship between sleep and memory has been postulated and studied since at least the early 19th century.", "Sleep and memory __knowledge__ Memory, the cognitive process whereby experiences, learning and recognition are recalled, is a product of brain plasticity, the structural changes within synapses that create associations between stimuli.", "Sleep and memory __knowledge__ Stimuli are encoded within milliseconds; however, the long-term maintenance of memories can take additional minutes, days, or even years to fully consolidate and become a stable memory (more resistant to change or interference).", "Sleep and memory __knowledge__ Therefore, the formation of a specific memory occurs rapidly, but the evolution of a memory is often an ongoing process.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes of the British television programme \"Sugar Rush\", broadcast by Channel 4 from 2005 to 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ There have been 2 series of the programme, the first airing in 2005 and the second in 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Each series consists of ten episodes, each 30 minutes long, including adverts.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Episodes do not have individual titles.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first series consists of ten episodes and follows a 15-year-old Kim's unrequited crush on Sugar.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first episode starts with Kim and Sugar on the waltzers on Brighton Pier.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Slowly, Sugar moves in to kiss Kim.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The scene then suddenly moves to Kim in bed, under a duvet with her eyes closed, and the sound of whirring.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The French Bulldog, also known as the Frenchie, is a small breed of domestic dog.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ Frenchies were the result in the 1800s of a cross between bulldog ancestors imported from England and local ratters in Paris (France).", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ In 2014, they were the fourth most popular registered dog in the United Kingdom and in the U.S. the sixth most popular AKC registered dog breed.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ They were rated the third most popular dog in Australia (for 2017).", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ They are also on the higher side price-wise.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The cost around $3,000-7,000.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The origin of the modern French Bulldog breed descends directly from the dogs of the Molossians, an ancient Greek tribe.", "Rat Terrier __knowledge__ The Rat Terrier is an American dog breed with a background as a farm dog and hunting companion.", "Rat Terrier __knowledge__ Traditionally more of a type than a breed, they share much ancestry with the small hunting dogs known as feists.", "Rat Terrier __knowledge__ Common throughout family farms in the 1920s and 1930s, they are now recognized by the United and American Kennel Clubs and are considered a rare breed.", "Rat Terrier __knowledge__ Today's Rat Terrier is an intelligent and active small dog that is kept both for pest control and as a family pet.", "Rat Terrier __knowledge__ The Rat Terrier ranges from about 10 to 25 pounds and stands 10 to 18 inches at the shoulder.", "Rat Terrier __knowledge__ The miniature size (13 inches and under as defined by the UKC) is becoming increasingly popular as a house pet and companion dog, but the miniature is still a hunting dog.", "American Hairless Terrier __knowledge__ The American Hairless Terrier is a rare breed of dog that was derived as a variant of Rat Terrier.", "American Hairless Terrier __knowledge__ As of January 1, 2004, the United Kennel Club deemed the AHT a separate terrier breed, granting it full UKC recognition.", "American Hairless Terrier __knowledge__ An intelligent, social and energetic working breed, the American Hairless Terrier is often listed as a potential good breed choice for allergy sufferers.", "American Hairless Terrier __knowledge__ The American Hairless Terrier's American ancestry begins with the mixed breed terriers called Feists brought from Europe to North America as early as the 18th century.", "American Hairless Terrier __knowledge__ In the late 1800s the Rat Terrier breed was developed from the Feist by the addition of Beagle, Italian Greyhound and Miniature Pinscher bloodlines.", "Teddy Roosevelt Terrier __knowledge__ The Teddy Roosevelt Terrier is a small to medium-sized American hunting terrier.", "Teddy Roosevelt Terrier __knowledge__ Lower-set with shorter legs, more muscular, and heavier bone density than its cousin the American Rat Terrier.", "Teddy Roosevelt Terrier __knowledge__ There is much diversity in the history of the Teddy Roosevelt Terrier breed and it shares a common early history with the American Rat Terrier, Fox Paulistinha and Tenterfield Terrier.", "Teddy Roosevelt Terrier __knowledge__ It is said the Rat Terrier background stems from the terriers or other dogs that were brought over by early English and other working class immigrants.", "Teddy Roosevelt Terrier __knowledge__ Since the breed was a farm, hunting and utility dog there was little to no planned breeding other than breeding dogs with agreeable traits to each other in order to produce the desired work ethic in the dog.", "National Rat Terrier Association __knowledge__ The National Rat Terrier Association (NRTA) is an American breed-specific registry for Rat Terriers.", "National Rat Terrier Association __knowledge__ The association provides full-service photo registries and litter registrations.", "National Rat Terrier Association __knowledge__ Extensive breed information is available, as well as comprehensive pedigree services.", "National Rat Terrier Association __knowledge__ The National Rat Terrier Association was formed in 1995 and established its efforts to create a breed standard for the Rat Terrier.", "National Rat Terrier Association __knowledge__ It was formed by breeders who wanted to preserve the history and heritage of the lines and how they were evolved.", "National Rat Terrier Association __knowledge__ They created a registry known as the National Rat Terrier Registry (NRTR).", "National Rat Terrier Association __knowledge__ It is the largest private Rat Terrier organization with thousands of registered dogs and puppies.", "Jack Russell Terrier __knowledge__ The Jack Russell Terrier is a small terrier that has its origins in fox hunting.", "Jack Russell Terrier __knowledge__ It is principally white-bodied and smooth, rough or broken-coated but can be any colour.", "Jack Russell Terrier __knowledge__ The Jack Russell is frequently confused with the Parson Russell terrier (see the American Kennel Club) and the Russell terrier, which is a shorter-legged, stockier variety.", "Jack Russell Terrier __knowledge__ (Within the \"Fédération Cynologique Internationale\", the \"Russell terrier\" is also known as \"Jack Russell terrier\".)", "Jack Russell Terrier __knowledge__ The term \"Jack Russell\" is also commonly misapplied to other small white terriers.", "Jack Russell Terrier __knowledge__ The Jack Russell is a broad type, with a size range of .", "Jack Russell Terrier __knowledge__ The Parson Russell is limited only to a middle range with a standard size of , while the Russell terrier is smaller at .", "Feist (dog) __knowledge__ A Feist is a small hunting dog, descended from the terriers brought over to the United States by English miners and other working class immigrants.", "Feist (dog) __knowledge__ These terriers probably included crosses between the Smooth Fox Terrier, the Manchester Terrier and the now extinct English White Terrier.", "Feist (dog) __knowledge__ These dogs were used as ratters, and gambling on their prowess in killing rats was a favorite hobby of their owners.", "Feist (dog) __knowledge__ Some of these dogs have been crossed with Greyhounds, Whippets or Italian Greyhounds (for speed) and Beagles or other Hounds (for hunting ability) - extending the family to include a larger variety of purpose than the original ratter, or Rat Terrier." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Loki (comics) __knowledge__ Loki is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Loki (comics) __knowledge__ Created by writer Stan Lee, scripter Larry Lieber, and penciller Jack Kirby, a version of the character first appeared in \"Venus\" #6 (August 1949).", "Loki (comics) __knowledge__ The modern day incarnation of Loki first appeared in \"Journey into Mystery\" #85 (October 1962).", "Loki (comics) __knowledge__ He is the adopted brother and often the enemy of the superhero Thor.", "Loki (comics) __knowledge__ Loki is based on the Norse deity of the same name and is sometimes depicted as an antihero.", "Loki (comics) __knowledge__ Loki has appeared in several ongoing series, limited series and alternate reality series, including his own 4-issue series \"Loki\" (2004).", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Thor (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ Thor is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Thor (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ The character, based on the Norse deity of the same name, is the Asgardian god of thunder and possesses the enchanted hammer Mjolnir, which grants him the ability to fly and manipulate weather amongst his other superhuman attributes.", "Thor (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ Debuting in the Silver Age of Comic Books, the character first appeared in \"Journey into Mystery\" #83 (Aug. 1962) and was created by editor-plotter Stan Lee, scripter Larry Lieber, and penciller-plotter Jack Kirby.", "Thor (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ He has starred in several ongoing series and limited series, and is a founding member of the superhero team the Avengers, appearing in each volume of that series.", "Ultimate Thor __knowledge__ In the Ultimate Marvel Universe, Thor (Thorleif Golmen) is a fictional superhero based on the Marvel Universe version of Thor.", "Ultimate Thor __knowledge__ Thor is the Asgardian God of Thunder based on the deity of the same name of Norse mythology and a founding member of the Ultimates.", "Ultimate Thor __knowledge__ Thor was adapted from Stan Lee and Jack Kirby's comic book version of Thor by Mark Millar and Bryan Hitch, first appearing in \"The Ultimates\".", "Ultimate Thor __knowledge__ \"Ultimate Thor\" is the alter-ego of Thorleif Golmen, an anarchist who discovered he is the reincarnated form of the Norse warrior Thor.", "Ultimate Thor __knowledge__ The \"Ultimate\" redesign of the character reduces the number of Thor's powers, and reduces the character's reliance upon his hammer, Mjolnir, as a source of power.", "Thor __knowledge__ In Norse mythology, Thor (; from Old Norse \"Þórr\") is the hammer-wielding Æsir god of thunder, lightning, storms, oak trees, strength, hallowing, fertility, the protection of mankind and of the fortress of Asgard.", "Thor __knowledge__ The son of Odin All-Father and Jörð (the personification of Earth), he is physically the strongest of the Æsir.", "Thor __knowledge__ The cognate deity in wider Germanic mythology and paganism was known in Old English as \"Þunor\" (\"Thunor\") and in Old High German as \"Donar\" (runic \"þonar\" ), stemming from a Common Germanic \"*Þunraz,\" meaning \"thunder\".", "Thor __knowledge__ Thor is a prominently mentioned god throughout the recorded history of the Germanic peoples, from the Roman occupation of regions of Germania, to the tribal expansions of the Migration Period, to his high popularity during the Viking Age, when, in the face of the process of the Christianization of Scandinavia, emblems of his hammer, Mjölnir, were worn and Norse pagan personal names containing the name of the god bear witness to his popularity.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ \"Avengers vs. X-Men\" (abbreviated \"AvX'\" and \"AvsX\") is a 2012 crossover event that was featured in comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ The event, consisting of an eponymous limited series and numerous tie-in books, involves the return of the Phoenix Force and the subsequent war between the Avengers and the X-Men.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ The 12-issue twice-monthly series was first published in April 2012, and features a storyline by Jason Aaron, Brian Michael Bendis, Ed Brubaker, Jonathan Hickman and Matt Fraction, with a rotating team of artists including John Romita, Jr., Olivier Coipel and Adam Kubert.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ The event was preceded by the four-issue limited series \"Avengers: X-Sanction\" by Jeph Loeb and Ed McGuinness and \"Avengers vs. X-Men #0\".", "Mjolnir (comics) __knowledge__ Mjolnir ( ) is a fictional sentient weapon appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Mjolnir (comics) __knowledge__ It is depicted as the principal weapon of the superheroes Thor Odinson and Jane Foster.", "Mjolnir (comics) __knowledge__ Mjolnir, which first appears in \"Journey into Mystery\" #83 (August 1962), was created by writer Stan Lee and designed by artists Jack Kirby and Joe Sinnott.", "Mjolnir (comics) __knowledge__ Mjolnir was typically depicted as a large, square-headed gray sledgehammer.", "Mjolnir (comics) __knowledge__ It has a short, round handle wrapped in brown leather, culminating in a looped lanyard.", "Mjolnir (comics) __knowledge__ The object is based on Mjölnir, the weapon of the mythological Thor.", "Mjolnir (comics) __knowledge__ Mjolnir debuted in \"Journey into Mystery\" #83 (Aug. 1962) for Marvel Comics.", "Livestock guardian dog __knowledge__ A livestock guardian dog (LGD) is a type of pastoral dog bred for the purpose of protecting livestock from predators.", "Livestock guardian dog __knowledge__ Livestock guardian dogs stay with the group of animals they protect as a full-time member of the flock or herd.", "Livestock guardian dog __knowledge__ Their ability to guard their herd is mainly instinctive, as the dog is bonded to the herd from an early age.", "Livestock guardian dog __knowledge__ Unlike the often smaller herding dogs that control the movement of the livestock, LGDs blend in with them, watching for intruders within the flock.", "Livestock guardian dog __knowledge__ The mere presence of a guardian dog is usually enough to ward off some predators, and LGDs will confront predators by vocal intimidation, barking, and displaying very aggressive behavior.", "Akbash dog __knowledge__ The Akbash Dog (from 'white head' ) is native to Turkey, and it is primarily used as a livestock guardian dog or shepherd dog.", "Akbash dog __knowledge__ It is officially recognized by the KIF, a.k.a.", "Akbash dog __knowledge__ the Turkish Kennel Club.", "Akbash dog __knowledge__ This dog is one of the national dog breeds of Turkey.", "Akbash dog __knowledge__ This breed was introduced to North America in the 1970s by Americans Judith and David Nelson who had been conducting research on white coloured dogs in the historical Armenian highlands.", "Akbash dog __knowledge__ Archeological evidence suggests that the earliest civilizations arose in this region of the world where plants were first cultivated and the first livestock were domesticated.", "Central Asian Shepherd Dog __knowledge__ The Central Asian Shepherd Dog is an ancient breed of dog from the regions of Central Asia.", "Central Asian Shepherd Dog __knowledge__ It is not the result of artificial selection but rather a native breed called alabai historically common among Central Asian peoples.", "Central Asian Shepherd Dog __knowledge__ Traditionally, the breed was used for shepherding, as well as to protect and for guard duty.", "Central Asian Shepherd Dog __knowledge__ The Central Asian Ovcharka () is a large breed of dog recognized by FCI, as a Molossoid type dog breed of Soviet-era origin under Russian patronage.", "Central Asian Shepherd Dog __knowledge__ Numerous breed representatives reside in Russia, and local kennel club officials refer to Central Asians as one of the most popular dog breeds in the country, rating them as the #1 breed in the country around 2000.", "Kangal dog __knowledge__ The Kangal (pronounced, khan-ghahl) is a breed of large livestock guardian dog originating from the Sivas province of Turkey.", "Kangal dog __knowledge__ The breed is of an early Mastiff type with a solid, pale tan or sabled coat, and a black mask.", "Kangal dog __knowledge__ According to official Kangal organisations in Turkey, including the \"Cynology Federation of Turkey\" (\"Köpek Irkları ve Kinoloji Federasyonu\", KIF) and the \"Ankara Kangal Association\" (\"Ankara Kangal Derneği\", ANKADER), Kangals may also be brindle or feature a recessive black tan pattern; with or without a black mask; and/or with white markings.", "Kangal dog __knowledge__ While the Kangal is often referred to as a sheep dog, it is not a herding dog, but rather a flock guardian that lives with the flock of sheep to actively fend off predators of all sizes.", "Anatolian Shepherd __knowledge__ The Anatolian Shepherd Dog () is a breed of dog which originated in the Anatolia region of central Turkey.", "Anatolian Shepherd __knowledge__ It is rugged, large and very strong, with good sight and hearing that allow it to protect livestock.", "Anatolian Shepherd __knowledge__ With its high speed and agility it is able to run down a predator with great efficiency.", "Anatolian Shepherd __knowledge__ The Kennel Club of the United Kingdom classifies it as a shepherd dog and Fédération Cynologique Internationale classifies it as molossus/mountain dog #331 (group 2 part 2.2) The Karabaş (Blackhead) is descended from ancient livestock guardian dog types that migrated with the transhumance, guarding flocks of sheep from wolves, bears, lions, tigers, leopards, jackals, and even cheetahs.", "Komondor __knowledge__ The Komondor (in Hungarian, the plural form of komondor is \"komondorok\"), also known as the Hungarian sheepdog, is a large, white-coloured Hungarian breed of livestock guardian dog with a long, corded coat.", "Komondor __knowledge__ Sometimes referred to as 'mop dogs', the Komondor is a long-established powerful dog breed that has a natural guardian instinct to guard livestock and other property.", "Komondor __knowledge__ The Komondor was brought to Europe by the Cumans and the oldest known mention of it is in a Hungarian codex from 1544.", "Komondor __knowledge__ The Komondor breed has been declared one of Hungary’s national treasures, to be preserved and protected from modification.", "Ovtcharka __knowledge__ Ovtcharka (овчарка ) is a term of Russian origin used to describe the working dog specializing in working with sheep.", "Ovtcharka __knowledge__ Originated from ovtsa (oвца, sheep in Russian), ovtchar (sheep herder, or farm employee maintaining sheep).", "Ovtcharka __knowledge__ Though the term itself does not specify whether the dog is a herding dog or a livestock guardian dog, it refers in this case to livestock guardian and protection breeds of Russian origin for the simple reason that there are no herding breeds originating from Russia.", "Ovtcharka __knowledge__ At the same time, it is used as a part of breed name in Russian for shepherds or sheepdogs imported into the country." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Thor __knowledge__ In Norse mythology, Thor (; from Old Norse \"Þórr\") is the hammer-wielding Æsir god of thunder, lightning, storms, oak trees, strength, hallowing, fertility, the protection of mankind and of the fortress of Asgard.", "Thor __knowledge__ The son of Odin All-Father and Jörð (the personification of Earth), he is physically the strongest of the Æsir.", "Thor __knowledge__ The cognate deity in wider Germanic mythology and paganism was known in Old English as \"Þunor\" (\"Thunor\") and in Old High German as \"Donar\" (runic \"þonar\" ), stemming from a Common Germanic \"*Þunraz,\" meaning \"thunder\".", "Thor __knowledge__ Thor is a prominently mentioned god throughout the recorded history of the Germanic peoples, from the Roman occupation of regions of Germania, to the tribal expansions of the Migration Period, to his high popularity during the Viking Age, when, in the face of the process of the Christianization of Scandinavia, emblems of his hammer, Mjölnir, were worn and Norse pagan personal names containing the name of the god bear witness to his popularity.", "Loki (comics) __knowledge__ Loki is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Loki (comics) __knowledge__ Created by writer Stan Lee, scripter Larry Lieber, and penciller Jack Kirby, a version of the character first appeared in \"Venus\" #6 (August 1949).", "Loki (comics) __knowledge__ The modern day incarnation of Loki first appeared in \"Journey into Mystery\" #85 (October 1962).", "Loki (comics) __knowledge__ He is the adopted brother and often the enemy of the superhero Thor.", "Loki (comics) __knowledge__ Loki is based on the Norse deity of the same name and is sometimes depicted as an antihero.", "Loki (comics) __knowledge__ Loki has appeared in several ongoing series, limited series and alternate reality series, including his own 4-issue series \"Loki\" (2004).", "Thor (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ Thor is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Thor (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ The character, based on the Norse deity of the same name, is the Asgardian god of thunder and possesses the enchanted hammer Mjolnir, which grants him the ability to fly and manipulate weather amongst his other superhuman attributes.", "Thor (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ Debuting in the Silver Age of Comic Books, the character first appeared in \"Journey into Mystery\" #83 (Aug. 1962) and was created by editor-plotter Stan Lee, scripter Larry Lieber, and penciller-plotter Jack Kirby.", "Thor (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ He has starred in several ongoing series and limited series, and is a founding member of the superhero team the Avengers, appearing in each volume of that series.", "Loki __knowledge__ Loki (Old Norse [ˈloki], Modern Icelandic [ˈlɔːkɪ], often Anglicized as ) is a god in Norse mythology.", "Loki __knowledge__ Loki is in some sources the son of Fárbauti and Laufey, and the brother of Helblindi and Býleistr.", "Loki __knowledge__ By the jötunn Angrboða, Loki is the father of Hel, the wolf Fenrir, and the world serpent Jörmungandr.", "Loki __knowledge__ By his wife Sigyn, Loki is the father of Narfi and/or Nari.", "Loki __knowledge__ By the stallion Svaðilfari, Loki is the mother—giving birth in the form of a mare—to the eight-legged horse Sleipnir.", "Loki __knowledge__ In addition, Loki is referred to as the father of Váli in \"Prose Edda\", though this source also refers to Odin as the father of Váli twice, and Váli is found mentioned as a Son of Loki only once.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The following is an alphabetical list of the minor characters in the various versions of \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", by Douglas Adams.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The descriptions of the characters are accompanied by information on details about appearances and references to the characters.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Major characters— Arthur Dent, Ford Prefect, Zaphod Beeblebrox, Marvin the Paranoid Android, Trillian, and Slartibartfast—are separately described.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Lists are also available for places in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", races and species in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", technology in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", phrases from \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", and cast lists for \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\".", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the webcomic \"The Order of the Stick\" (OOTS).", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Celebrating and satirizing tabletop role-playing games and medieval fantasy, this tale of the eponymous fellowship of adventuring heroes is written and illustrated by Rich Burlew in a stick-figure style.", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Taking place in a magical world that loosely operates by the rules of the 3.5 edition \"Dungeons & Dragons\" (D&D), the comic follows the sometimes-farcical exploits of six adventurers as they strive to save the world from an evil lich.", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Much of the comic's humor stems from these characters either being aware of the game rules that affect their lives or having anachronistic knowledge of modern culture, which in turn is often used by the author to parody various aspects of role-playing games and fantasy fiction.", "Ultimate Thor __knowledge__ In the Ultimate Marvel Universe, Thor (Thorleif Golmen) is a fictional superhero based on the Marvel Universe version of Thor.", "Ultimate Thor __knowledge__ Thor is the Asgardian God of Thunder based on the deity of the same name of Norse mythology and a founding member of the Ultimates.", "Ultimate Thor __knowledge__ Thor was adapted from Stan Lee and Jack Kirby's comic book version of Thor by Mark Millar and Bryan Hitch, first appearing in \"The Ultimates\".", "Ultimate Thor __knowledge__ \"Ultimate Thor\" is the alter-ego of Thorleif Golmen, an anarchist who discovered he is the reincarnated form of the Norse warrior Thor.", "Ultimate Thor __knowledge__ The \"Ultimate\" redesign of the character reduces the number of Thor's powers, and reduces the character's reliance upon his hammer, Mjolnir, as a source of power.", "Hearing range __knowledge__ Hearing range describes the range of frequencies that can be heard by humans or other animals, though it can also refer to the range of levels.", "Hearing range __knowledge__ The human range is commonly given as 20 to 20,000 Hz, though there is considerable variation between individuals, especially at high frequencies, and a gradual loss of sensitivity to higher frequencies with age is considered normal.", "Hearing range __knowledge__ Sensitivity also varies with frequency, as shown by equal-loudness contours.", "Hearing range __knowledge__ Routine investigation for hearing loss usually involves an audiogram which shows threshold levels relative to a normal.", "Hearing range __knowledge__ Several animal species are able to hear frequencies well beyond the human hearing range.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California." ] ]

[ 6, 8, 0, 7, 0 ]

[ "I love dogs too of all shapes and colors, I have three dogs myself", "I have a rat terrier named squirt and a french bulldog named Bella who really is mans best friend, very sweet", "No they do not, I have a Anatolian livestock guardian dog, named Thor, that is amazing the way he protects livestock", "Thor is a sweet obedient pet but he will not go out of hearing range from the livestock, even in bad weather, he is dedicated", "Working dogs eat more because they are active and always outside, he also has a insulated doghouse" ]

[ "Dog", "Dog", "Dog", "Dog", "Dog" ]

[ "Greece\nI was born in Greece but moved to the US when I was really young, so I don't remember a whole lot about it.", "Very interesting! What else do you know about Greece? I'm intrigued!", "Really, where did it get that name from?", "Very interesting! My mom loves to make a dish called Moussaka that she said she learned from there. What other kinds of cuisine are they known for?", "That's okay! What are some locations you would suggest I visit if I ever go there?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece (), officially the Hellenic Republic (), historically also known as Hellas, is a country in Southern Europe, with a population of approximately /1e6 round 0 million as of .", "Greece __knowledge__ Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa.", "Greece __knowledge__ Situated on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the northeast.", "Greece __knowledge__ The Aegean Sea lies to the east of the mainland, the Ionian Sea to the west, the Cretan Sea and the Mediterranean Sea to the south.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece has the longest coastline on the Mediterranean Basin and the 11th longest coastline in the world at in length, featuring a large number of islands, of which 227 are inhabited.", "Greece __knowledge__ Eighty percent of Greece is mountainous, with Mount Olympus being the highest peak at .", "Greece __knowledge__ The country consists of nine geographic regions: Macedonia, Central Greece, the Peloponnese, Thessaly, Epirus, the Aegean Islands (including the Dodecanese and Cyclades), Thrace, Crete, and the Ionian Islands.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece is considered the cradle of Western civilization, being the birthplace of democracy, Western philosophy, the Olympic Games, Western literature, historiography, political science, major scientific and mathematical principles, and Western drama.", "I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better __knowledge__ \"I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better\" is a song by the Los Angeles folk rock band the Byrds, first released in June 1965 on the B-side of the band's second single, \"All I Really Want to Do\".", "I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better __knowledge__ It was also included on the Byrds' debut album, \"Mr. Tambourine Man\".", "I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better __knowledge__ Written by Gene Clark, who also sings the lead vocal, \"I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better\" features some of the Byrds' early musical trademarks, including Jim McGuinn's jangling 12-string Rickenbacker guitar; Clark's pounding tambourine; McGuinn, Clark, and David Crosby's complex harmony singing; and a country-influenced guitar solo.", "I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better __knowledge__ Although it was initially released as a B-side, \"I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better\" was itself heavily promoted by Columbia Records during the time that \"All I Really Want to Do\" spent on the \"Billboard\" charts.", "Moscow Oblast __knowledge__ Moscow Oblast (), or Podmoskovye (, literally \"around/near Moscow\"), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).", "Moscow Oblast __knowledge__ With a population of 7,095,120 (2010 Census) living in an area of , it is one of the most densely populated regions in the country and is the second most populous federal subject.", "Moscow Oblast __knowledge__ The oblast has no official administrative center; its public authorities are located in Moscow and across other locations in the oblast.", "Moscow Oblast __knowledge__ Moscow Oblast borders Tver Oblast in the northwest, Yaroslavl Oblast in the north, Vladimir Oblast in the northeast and east, Ryazan Oblast in the southeast, Tula Oblast in the south, Kaluga Oblast in the southwest, and Smolensk Oblast in the west.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Maria Callas, Commendatore OMRI (; December 2, 1923 – September 16, 1977), was a Greek-American soprano, and one of the most renowned and influential opera singers of the 20th century.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Many critics praised her \"bel canto\" technique, wide-ranging voice and dramatic interpretations.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her repertoire ranged from classical \"opera seria\" to the \"bel canto\" operas of Donizetti, Bellini and Rossini and further, to the works of Verdi and Puccini; and, in her early career, to the music dramas of Wagner.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her musical and dramatic talents led to her being hailed as \"La Divina\".", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Born in New York City and raised by an overbearing mother, she received her musical education in Greece and established her career in Italy.", "Magneta Lane __knowledge__ Magneta Lane are a Canadian indie rock music group formed in 2003 in Toronto.", "Magneta Lane __knowledge__ The all-female line-up consists of two sisters, Lexi Valentine (vocals and guitar) and Nadia King (drums), and their friend French (bass).", "Magneta Lane __knowledge__ The group formed after Valentine and King, then teenagers, attended a concert in Toronto and met the band backstage, deciding that watching a concert was not satisfying enough.", "Magneta Lane __knowledge__ The trio came together in the fall of 2003 and spent the next year playing shows in and around their native Toronto and teaching themselves how to play their instruments.", "Magneta Lane __knowledge__ The band released its debut EP, \"The Constant Lover (EP)\", in 2004 on Paper Bag Records.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece (), officially the Hellenic Republic (), historically also known as Hellas, is a country in Southern Europe, with a population of approximately /1e6 round 0 million as of .", "Greece __knowledge__ Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa.", "Greece __knowledge__ Situated on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the northeast.", "Greece __knowledge__ The Aegean Sea lies to the east of the mainland, the Ionian Sea to the west, the Cretan Sea and the Mediterranean Sea to the south.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece has the longest coastline on the Mediterranean Basin and the 11th longest coastline in the world at in length, featuring a large number of islands, of which 227 are inhabited.", "Greece __knowledge__ Eighty percent of Greece is mountainous, with Mount Olympus being the highest peak at .", "Greece __knowledge__ The country consists of nine geographic regions: Macedonia, Central Greece, the Peloponnese, Thessaly, Epirus, the Aegean Islands (including the Dodecanese and Cyclades), Thrace, Crete, and the Ionian Islands.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece is considered the cradle of Western civilization, being the birthplace of democracy, Western philosophy, the Olympic Games, Western literature, historiography, political science, major scientific and mathematical principles, and Western drama.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos (, \"Zákynthos\" , ) or Zante (, \"Tzánte\" , ; from Venetian), is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ It is the third largest of the Ionian Islands.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos is a separate regional unit of the Ionian Islands region, and its only municipality.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ It covers an area of and its coastline is roughly in length.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ The name, like all similar names ending in -nthos, is pre-Mycenaean or Pelasgian in origin.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ In Greek mythology the island was said to be named after Zakynthos, the son of a legendary Arcadian chief Dardanus.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos is a tourist destination, with an international airport served by charter flights from northern Europe.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Franz von Papen __knowledge__ Franz von Papen (; 29 October 18792 May 1969) was a German nobleman, General Staff officer and politician.", "Franz von Papen __knowledge__ He served as Chancellor of Germany in 1932 and as Vice-Chancellor under Adolf Hitler in 1933–34.", "Franz von Papen __knowledge__ He belonged to the group of close advisers to President Paul von Hindenburg in the late Weimar Republic.", "Franz von Papen __knowledge__ It was largely Papen, believing that Hitler could be controlled once he was in the government, who persuaded Hindenburg to appoint Hitler as Chancellor in a cabinet not under Nazi Party domination.", "Franz von Papen __knowledge__ However, Papen and his allies were quickly marginalized by Hitler and he left the government after the Night of the Long Knives, during which the Nazis killed some of his confidantes.", "Silas Blissett __knowledge__ Silas Blissett is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera \"Hollyoaks\", played by Jeff Rawle.", "Silas Blissett __knowledge__ Rawle's casting was announced in December 2010 and it was revealed that he would portray a serial killer.", "Silas Blissett __knowledge__ Rawle was approached by \"Hollyoaks\" and met with series producer, Paul Marquess, who explained the role of Silas and his storyline.", "Silas Blissett __knowledge__ Rawle found the storyline something which he would like to \"have a crack at\".", "Silas Blissett __knowledge__ The actor said that the role of Silas is \"very interesting\" for him as he had not played a murderer in his career before.", "Silas Blissett __knowledge__ He made his first on-screen appearance on 23 December 2010.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ This article contains brief biographies for characters from Terry Pratchett's \"Discworld\" series.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ This list consists of human characters.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ For biographies of noted members of the Discworld's \"ethnic minorities\" (dwarfs, trolls, undead (Discworld), etc.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ ), see the specific articles for those races.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ Some character biographies are also listed in articles relating to the organisations they belong to.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ For further Discworld character biographies, see the table below.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ Characters are listed alphabetically by name.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ The daughter of Robert Dearheart, founder of the Grand Trunk Semaphore Company, and sister of the murdered John Dearheart, Adora Belle Dearheart (featured in \"Going Postal\", \"Making Money\" and \"Raising Steam\") is cynical, angry, and a heavy smoker (so memorably heavy that Moist, needing to find her, considered looking for a large plume of smoke coming from houses in the area, but ultimately asked a tobacconist), although it is also noted that she looks extremely good in a very plain gray dress.", "Arthur de Gobineau __knowledge__ Count Joseph Arthur de Gobineau (14 July 1816 – 13 October 1882) was a French aristocrat who was best known by his contemporaries as a novelist, diplomat and travel writer but is today most remembered for developing the theory of the Aryan master race and helping to legitimise racism by scientific racist theory and \"racial demography\".", "Arthur de Gobineau __knowledge__ Gobineau was an elitist who, in the immediate aftermath of the Revolutions of 1848, wrote a 1400-page book, \"An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races\", in which he claimed that aristocrats were superior to commoners and that they possessed more Aryan genetic traits because of less interbreeding with inferior races (Alpines and Mediterraneans).", "Mediterranean Sea __knowledge__ The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the east by the Levant.", "Mediterranean Sea __knowledge__ Although the sea is sometimes considered a part of the Atlantic Ocean, it is usually identified as a separate body of water.", "Mediterranean Sea __knowledge__ Geological evidence indicates that around 5.9 million years ago, the Mediterranean was cut off from the Atlantic and was partly or completely desiccated over a period of some 600,000 years, the Messinian salinity crisis, before being refilled by the Zanclean flood about 5.3 million years ago.", "Messinian salinity crisis __knowledge__ The Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC), also referred to as the Messinian Event, and in its latest stage as the Lago Mare event, was a geological event during which the Mediterranean Sea went into a cycle of partly or nearly complete desiccation throughout the latter part of the Messinian age of the Miocene epoch, from 5.96 to 5.33 Ma (million years ago).", "Messinian salinity crisis __knowledge__ It ended with the Zanclean flood, when the Atlantic reclaimed the basin.", "Messinian salinity crisis __knowledge__ Sediment samples from below the deep seafloor of the Mediterranean Sea, which include evaporite minerals, soils, and fossil plants, show that the precursor of the Strait of Gibraltar closed tight about 5.96 million years ago, sealing the Mediterranean off from the Atlantic.", "Byzantine navy __knowledge__ The Byzantine navy was the naval force of the East Roman or Byzantine Empire.", "Byzantine navy __knowledge__ Like the empire it served, it was a direct continuation from its Imperial Roman predecessor, but played a far greater role in the defence and survival of the state than its earlier iteration.", "Byzantine navy __knowledge__ While the fleets of the unified Roman Empire faced few great naval threats, operating as a policing force vastly inferior in power and prestige to the legions, the sea became vital to the very existence of the Byzantine state, which several historians have called a \"maritime empire\".", "Byzantine navy __knowledge__ The first threat to Roman hegemony in the Mediterranean was posed by the Vandals in the 5th century, but their threat was ended by the wars of Justinian I in the 6th century.", "Tourism in the Arab world __knowledge__ Tourism in the Arab World encompasses a wide array of activities and tourist attractions in an area spanning more than 13 million square kilometers.", "Tourism in the Arab world __knowledge__ The Arab World mainly consists of the Arabic-speaking countries and populations in North Africa and Western Asia.", "Tourism in the Arab world __knowledge__ The standard definition of the Arab world comprises the 22 countries and territories of the Arab League: 10 countries in Africa, and 12 countries in Asia.", "Tourism in the Arab world __knowledge__ Geographically, it stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Arabian Sea in the east, and from the Mediterranean Sea in the north to the Horn of Africa and the Indian Ocean in the southeast.", "Italy __knowledge__ Italy ( ; ), officially the Italian Republic (), is a unitary parliamentary republic in Europe.", "Italy __knowledge__ Located in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea, Italy shares open land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, San Marino and Vatican City.", "Italy __knowledge__ Italy covers an area of and has a largely temperate seasonal and Mediterranean climate.", "Italy __knowledge__ With around 61 million inhabitants it is the fourth most populous EU member state.", "Italy __knowledge__ Since classical times, ancient Phoenicians, Carthaginians and Greeks established settlements in the south of Italy, with Etruscans and Celts inhabiting the centre and the north of Italy respectively and various ancient Italian tribes and Italic peoples dispersed throughout the Italian Peninsula and insular Italy.", "Coastal India __knowledge__ Coastal India is a Geo-cultural region in the Indian Subcontinent that spans the entire coastline of India.", "Coastal India __knowledge__ In ancient India, coastal India spans from the south west Indian coastline along the Arabian sea from the coastline of the Gulf of Kutch in its westernmost corner and stretches across the Gulf of Khambhat, and through the Salsette Island of Mumbai along the Konkan and southwards across the Raigad region and through Kanara and further down through Mangalore and along the Malabar through Cape Comorin in the southernmost region of South India with coastline along the Indian Ocean and through the Coromandal Coast or Cholamandalam." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece (), officially the Hellenic Republic (), historically also known as Hellas, is a country in Southern Europe, with a population of approximately /1e6 round 0 million as of .", "Greece __knowledge__ Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa.", "Greece __knowledge__ Situated on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the northeast.", "Greece __knowledge__ The Aegean Sea lies to the east of the mainland, the Ionian Sea to the west, the Cretan Sea and the Mediterranean Sea to the south.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece has the longest coastline on the Mediterranean Basin and the 11th longest coastline in the world at in length, featuring a large number of islands, of which 227 are inhabited.", "Greece __knowledge__ Eighty percent of Greece is mountainous, with Mount Olympus being the highest peak at .", "Greece __knowledge__ The country consists of nine geographic regions: Macedonia, Central Greece, the Peloponnese, Thessaly, Epirus, the Aegean Islands (including the Dodecanese and Cyclades), Thrace, Crete, and the Ionian Islands.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece is considered the cradle of Western civilization, being the birthplace of democracy, Western philosophy, the Olympic Games, Western literature, historiography, political science, major scientific and mathematical principles, and Western drama.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Delta Sigma Theta __knowledge__ Delta Sigma Theta (; sometimes abbreviated Deltas or DST) is a not-for-profit Greek-lettered sorority of college-educated women dedicated to public service with an emphasis on programs that target the African American community.", "Delta Sigma Theta __knowledge__ Delta Sigma Theta was founded on January 13, 1913, by 22 collegiate women at Howard University in Washington, D.C.", "Delta Sigma Theta __knowledge__ Membership is open to any woman who meets the requirements, regardless of religion, race, or nationality.", "Delta Sigma Theta __knowledge__ Women may join through undergraduate chapters at a college or university, or through an alumnae chapter after earning a college degree.", "Delta Sigma Theta __knowledge__ With a sisterhood of more than 300,000 initiated members who are predominantly black college-educated women, the sorority currently has over 940 chapters located in the Bahamas, Bermuda, England, Germany, Jamaica, Japan, Liberia, South Korea, and the United States.", "History of the Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ The history of the Hellenic Republic constitutes three discrete republican periods in the modern history of Greece: from 1822 until 1832; from 1924 until 1935; and from 1974 through to the present.", "History of the Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ See also the constitutional history of Greece.", "History of the Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ The First Hellenic Republic () is a historiographic term used for a series of councils and \"Provisional Governments\" during the Greek War of Independence.", "History of the Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ In the first stages of the uprising, various areas elected their own regional governing councils.", "History of the Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ These were replaced by central administration at the First National Assembly of Epidaurus in early 1822, which also adopted the first Greek Constitution.", "Second Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ The Second Hellenic Republic () is the modern historiographical term for the political regime of Greece between 24 March 1924 and 10 October 1935, which at the time was simply known as the Hellenic Republic ().", "Second Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ It followed from the period of the constitutional monarchy under the monarchs of the House of Glücksburg, and lasted until its overthrow in a military \"coup d'état\" which restored the monarchy.", "Second Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ The Second Republic marks the second period in modern Greek history where Greece was not headed by a king, with the assemblies and provisional governments of the Greek Revolution being regarded as the First Republic.", "Mariupol State University __knowledge__ The Mariupol State University is a Ukrainian university in Mariupol.", "Mariupol State University __knowledge__ Posr address: 87500, Ukraine, Mariupol, 129 a Budivelnykiv Ave.", "Mariupol State University __knowledge__ In September 1991, at the instigation of the Hellenic Association of Mariupol and Donetsk State University and with the assistance provided by the City Hall of Mariupol, Mariupol College of Humanities was founded as an affiliation of Donetsk State University.", "Mariupol State University __knowledge__ 1997 Mariupol Institute of Humanities was recognized in Ukraine and in Greece as the leading center of academic instructions in the Greek language, revival of the Ukrainian Hellenes as well as the center of friendship and cooperation between the two countries.", "Third Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ Third Hellenic Republic () is the period in modern Greek history that stretches from 1974, with the fall of Greek military junta and the final abolition of the Greek monarchy, to the present day.", "Third Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ It is considered the third period of republican rule in Greece, following the First Republic during the Greek War of Independence (1821–32) and the Second Republic during the temporary abolition of the monarchy in 1924–35.", "Third Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ The term \"\"Metapolitefsi\"\" (Μεταπολίτευση) is commonly used for this period, but this term concerns more often with the first years immediately after the fall of the military junta.", "Third Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ While the First and Second Hellenic Republics aren't in common use except in a historiographic context, the term Third Hellenic Republic is used frequently.", "President of Greece __knowledge__ The President of the Hellenic Republic (, \"Próedros ti̱s Elli̱nikí̱s Di̱mokratías\"), colloquially referred to in English as the President of Greece, is the head of state of Greece.", "President of Greece __knowledge__ The President is elected by the Hellenic Parliament, and his role is mostly ceremonial since the 1986 constitutional reform.", "President of Greece __knowledge__ The office was formally established by the Constitution of Greece in 1975, but has antecedents in the Second Hellenic Republic of 1924–35 and the republic established by the Greek military junta in 1973–74.", "President of Greece __knowledge__ The incumbent, since 2015, is Prokopis Pavlopoulos, serving his first term in office.", "President of Greece __knowledge__ The president is the nominal commander-in-chief of the Greek Armed Forces and occupies the first place in the country's order of precedence." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece (), officially the Hellenic Republic (), historically also known as Hellas, is a country in Southern Europe, with a population of approximately /1e6 round 0 million as of .", "Greece __knowledge__ Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa.", "Greece __knowledge__ Situated on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the northeast.", "Greece __knowledge__ The Aegean Sea lies to the east of the mainland, the Ionian Sea to the west, the Cretan Sea and the Mediterranean Sea to the south.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece has the longest coastline on the Mediterranean Basin and the 11th longest coastline in the world at in length, featuring a large number of islands, of which 227 are inhabited.", "Greece __knowledge__ Eighty percent of Greece is mountainous, with Mount Olympus being the highest peak at .", "Greece __knowledge__ The country consists of nine geographic regions: Macedonia, Central Greece, the Peloponnese, Thessaly, Epirus, the Aegean Islands (including the Dodecanese and Cyclades), Thrace, Crete, and the Ionian Islands.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece is considered the cradle of Western civilization, being the birthplace of democracy, Western philosophy, the Olympic Games, Western literature, historiography, political science, major scientific and mathematical principles, and Western drama.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ Colocasia esculenta is a tropical plant grown primarily for its edible corms, the root vegetables most commonly known as taro.", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ It is believed to be one of the earliest cultivated plants.", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ Linnaeus originally described two species which are now known as \"Colocasia esculenta\" and \"Colocasia antiquorum\" of the cultivated plants that are known by many names including eddoes, dasheen, taro and madumbi, but many later botanists consider them all to be members of a single, very variable species, the correct name for which is \"Colocasia esculenta\".", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ Taro () commonly refers to the plant \"Colocasia esculenta\", the most widely cultivated species of several plants in the Araceae family which are used as vegetables for their corms, leaves, and petioles.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Mediterranean cuisine __knowledge__ Mediterranean cuisine is the foods and methods of preparation by people of the Mediterranean Basin region, especially those of Southern Europe.", "Mediterranean cuisine __knowledge__ The idea of a Mediterranean cuisine originates with the cookery writer Elizabeth David's book, \"A Book of Mediterranean Food\" (1950).", "Mediterranean cuisine __knowledge__ She and other writers including the Tunisian historian Mohamed Yassine Essid define the three core elements of the cuisine as the olive, wheat, and the grape, yielding olive oil, bread and pasta, and wine; other writers emphasize the diversity of the region's foods and deny that it is a useful concept.", "Mediterranean cuisine __knowledge__ The geographical area covered broadly follows the distribution of the olive tree, as noted by David and Essid.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos (, \"Zákynthos\" , ) or Zante (, \"Tzánte\" , ; from Venetian), is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ It is the third largest of the Ionian Islands.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos is a separate regional unit of the Ionian Islands region, and its only municipality.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ It covers an area of and its coastline is roughly in length.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ The name, like all similar names ending in -nthos, is pre-Mycenaean or Pelasgian in origin.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ In Greek mythology the island was said to be named after Zakynthos, the son of a legendary Arcadian chief Dardanus.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos is a tourist destination, with an international airport served by charter flights from northern Europe.", "Delta Sigma Theta __knowledge__ Delta Sigma Theta (; sometimes abbreviated Deltas or DST) is a not-for-profit Greek-lettered sorority of college-educated women dedicated to public service with an emphasis on programs that target the African American community.", "Delta Sigma Theta __knowledge__ Delta Sigma Theta was founded on January 13, 1913, by 22 collegiate women at Howard University in Washington, D.C.", "Delta Sigma Theta __knowledge__ Membership is open to any woman who meets the requirements, regardless of religion, race, or nationality.", "Delta Sigma Theta __knowledge__ Women may join through undergraduate chapters at a college or university, or through an alumnae chapter after earning a college degree.", "Delta Sigma Theta __knowledge__ With a sisterhood of more than 300,000 initiated members who are predominantly black college-educated women, the sorority currently has over 940 chapters located in the Bahamas, Bermuda, England, Germany, Jamaica, Japan, Liberia, South Korea, and the United States.", "Battle of Navarino __knowledge__ The Battle of Navarino was a naval battle fought on 20 October 1827, during the Greek War of Independence (1821–32), in Navarino Bay (modern-day Pylos), on the west coast of the Peloponnese peninsula, in the Ionian Sea.", "Battle of Navarino __knowledge__ Allied forces from Britain, France and Russia decisively defeated Ottoman and Egyptian forces trying to suppress the Greek war of independence, thereby making much more likely the independence of Greece.", "Battle of Navarino __knowledge__ An Ottoman armada, which, in addition to imperial warships, included squadrons from the \"eyalets\" (provinces) of Egypt, Tunis and Algiers, was destroyed by an Allied force of British, French and Russian warships.", "History of the Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ The history of the Hellenic Republic constitutes three discrete republican periods in the modern history of Greece: from 1822 until 1832; from 1924 until 1935; and from 1974 through to the present.", "History of the Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ See also the constitutional history of Greece.", "History of the Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ The First Hellenic Republic () is a historiographic term used for a series of councils and \"Provisional Governments\" during the Greek War of Independence.", "History of the Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ In the first stages of the uprising, various areas elected their own regional governing councils.", "History of the Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ These were replaced by central administration at the First National Assembly of Epidaurus in early 1822, which also adopted the first Greek Constitution.", "Greeks __knowledge__ The Greeks or Hellenes (, \"Éllines\" ) are an ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Italy, Turkey, Egypt and, to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea.", "Greeks __knowledge__ They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world.", "Greeks __knowledge__ Greek colonies and communities have been historically established on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, but the Greek people have always been centered on the Aegean and Ionian seas, where the Greek language has been spoken since the Bronze Age.", "Greeks __knowledge__ Until the early 20th century, Greeks were distributed between the Greek peninsula, the western coast of Asia Minor, the Black Sea coast, Cappadocia in central Anatolia, Egypt, the Balkans, Cyprus, and Constantinople.", "First Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ The First Hellenic Republic () is a historiographical term for the provisional Greek state during the Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire.", "First Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ It is used to emphasize the constitutional and democratic nature of the revolutionary regime prior to the establishment of the independent Kingdom of Greece, and associate this period of Greek history with the later Second and Third Republics.", "First Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ In the first stages of the 1821 uprising, various areas elected their own regional governing councils.", "First Hellenic Republic __knowledge__ These were replaced by a central administration at the First National Assembly of Epidaurus in early 1822, which also adopted the first Greek Constitution, marking the birth of the modern Greek state." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece (), officially the Hellenic Republic (), historically also known as Hellas, is a country in Southern Europe, with a population of approximately /1e6 round 0 million as of .", "Greece __knowledge__ Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa.", "Greece __knowledge__ Situated on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the northeast.", "Greece __knowledge__ The Aegean Sea lies to the east of the mainland, the Ionian Sea to the west, the Cretan Sea and the Mediterranean Sea to the south.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece has the longest coastline on the Mediterranean Basin and the 11th longest coastline in the world at in length, featuring a large number of islands, of which 227 are inhabited.", "Greece __knowledge__ Eighty percent of Greece is mountainous, with Mount Olympus being the highest peak at .", "Greece __knowledge__ The country consists of nine geographic regions: Macedonia, Central Greece, the Peloponnese, Thessaly, Epirus, the Aegean Islands (including the Dodecanese and Cyclades), Thrace, Crete, and the Ionian Islands.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece is considered the cradle of Western civilization, being the birthplace of democracy, Western philosophy, the Olympic Games, Western literature, historiography, political science, major scientific and mathematical principles, and Western drama.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes of the British television programme \"Sugar Rush\", broadcast by Channel 4 from 2005 to 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ There have been 2 series of the programme, the first airing in 2005 and the second in 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Each series consists of ten episodes, each 30 minutes long, including adverts.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Episodes do not have individual titles.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first series consists of ten episodes and follows a 15-year-old Kim's unrequited crush on Sugar.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first episode starts with Kim and Sugar on the waltzers on Brighton Pier.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Slowly, Sugar moves in to kiss Kim.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The scene then suddenly moves to Kim in bed, under a duvet with her eyes closed, and the sound of whirring.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Herbert von Dirksen __knowledge__ Eduard Willy Kurt Herbert von Dirksen (2 April 1882 – 19 December 1955) was a German diplomat who is best remembered as the last German Ambassador to Britain before World War II.", "Herbert von Dirksen __knowledge__ Dirksen was born to a recently ennobled family.", "Herbert von Dirksen __knowledge__ The Dirksen family had been Prussian civil servants for generations, and his father, Willibald, was ennobled by the Emperor Wilhelm I in 1887 and was granted a large estate together with Gröditzberg castle (modern Grodziec castle) in Silesia as a reward for his services to the House of Hohenzollern.", "Herbert von Dirksen __knowledge__ Willibald von Dirksen was a conservative nationalist who after retiring held a seat in the \"Reichstag\" for the anti-Semitic \"Reichspartei\", and was described as a \"fanatical admirer\" of Wilhelm II, whom he visited regularly when he was in his Dutch exile while his mother Viktoria came from a wealthy banking family.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series The Boys, created by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The Boys are a CIA black ops team, initially created by Col. Greg Mallory to manage, police, and sometimes liquidate Vought-American's superhumans.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ While this is in part to help protect normal humans from the actions of the largely out of control \"supes,\" this is also to ensure that the company lack the stability or the platform to push the use of superhumans in national defense.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ Over time, however, the team's focus was changed, due to Butcher's increased influence, from one of management and containment to one of direct confrontation.", "Changes in Latitudes, Changes in Attitudes __knowledge__ Changes in Latitudes, Changes in Attitudes is the seventh studio album by American popular music singer-songwriter Jimmy Buffett.", "Changes in Latitudes, Changes in Attitudes __knowledge__ This is his breakthrough 1977 album, which remains the best-selling studio album of Buffett's career, and contains his biggest single, \"Margaritaville\".", "Changes in Latitudes, Changes in Attitudes __knowledge__ It was initially released in January 1977 as ABC AB-990 and later rereleased on its successor label, MCA.", "Changes in Latitudes, Changes in Attitudes __knowledge__ \"Changes\" was very popular and critically well received and was a transitional album on several levels for Buffett.", "Changes in Latitudes, Changes in Attitudes __knowledge__ In a commercial sense, it ushered in Buffett's greatest period of chart and airplay popularity - changing him from an FM cult favorite and minor hitmaker to a top-draw touring artist whose albums sold in the millions, receiving regular AM airplay at the time.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ Major-General Charles George Gordon CB (28 January 1833 – 26 January 1885), also known as Chinese Gordon, Gordon Pasha, and Gordon of Khartoum, was a British Army officer and administrator.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ He saw action in the Crimean War as an officer in the British Army.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ However, he made his military reputation in China, where he was placed in command of the \"Ever Victorious Army,\" a force of Chinese soldiers led by European officers.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ In the early 1860s, Gordon and his men were instrumental in putting down the Taiping Rebellion, regularly defeating much larger forces.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ For these accomplishments, he was given the nickname \"Chinese Gordon\" and honours from both the Emperor of China and the British.", "Greek cuisine __knowledge__ Greek cuisine (, \"Elliniki kouzina\") is a Mediterranean cuisine.", "Greek cuisine __knowledge__ Contemporary Greek cookery makes wide use of vegetables, olive oil, grains, fish, wine, and meat (white and red, including lamb, poultry, rabbit and pork).", "Greek cuisine __knowledge__ Other important ingredients include olives, cheese, eggplant, zucchini, lemon juice, vegetables, herbs, bread and yoghurt.", "Greek cuisine __knowledge__ The most commonly used grain is wheat; barley is also used.", "Greek cuisine __knowledge__ Common dessert ingredients include nuts, honey, fruits, and filo pastry.", "Greek cuisine __knowledge__ It is also influenced by Persian and Turkish cuisine because of approximately 200 years of Achaemenid and 400 years of Ottoman government.", "Culture of Greece __knowledge__ The culture of Greece has evolved over thousands of years, beginning in Mycenaean Greece, continuing most notably into Classical Greece, through the influence of the Roman Empire and its successor the Byzantine Empire.", "Culture of Greece __knowledge__ Other cultures and states such as the Persian Empire, and Frankish states, the Ottoman Empire, the Venetian Republic, Genoese Republic, and British Empire have also left their influence on modern Greek culture, but historians credit the Greek War of Independence with revitalising Greece and giving birth to a single entity of its multi-faceted culture.", "Culture of Greece __knowledge__ Greece is widely considered to be the cradle of Western culture and democracy.", "Greek salad __knowledge__ Greek salad or Horiatiki salad ( \"villages' salad\", \"rustic salad\" or θερινή σαλάτα \"summer salad\") is a salad in Greek cuisine.", "Greek salad __knowledge__ Greek salad is made with pieces of tomatoes, sliced cucumbers, onion, feta cheese (usually served as a slice on top of the other ingredients), and olives (usually Kalamata olives), typically seasoned with salt and oregano, and dressed with olive oil.", "Greek salad __knowledge__ Common additions include green bell pepper slices or berries of capers (especially in the Dodecanese islands).", "Greek salad __knowledge__ Greek salad is often imagined as a farmer's breakfast or lunch, as its ingredients resemble those that a Greek farmer might have on hand.", "Ancient Greek cuisine __knowledge__ Ancient Greek cuisine was characterized by its frugality, reflecting agricultural hardship.", "Ancient Greek cuisine __knowledge__ It was founded on the \"Mediterranean triad\": wheat, olive oil, and wine.", "Ancient Greek cuisine __knowledge__ Our knowledge of ancient Greek cuisine and eating habits is derived from literary and artistic evidence.", "Ancient Greek cuisine __knowledge__ Our literary knowledge comes mostly from Aristophanes' comedies and quotes preserved by 2nd–3rd century AD grammarian Athenaeus; artistic information is provided by black- and red-figure vase-painting and terracotta figurines.", "Ancient Greek cuisine __knowledge__ The Greeks had three to four meals a day.", "Ancient Greek cuisine __knowledge__ Breakfast ( \"akratismos\") consisted of barley bread dipped in wine ( \"akratos\"), sometimes complemented by figs or olives.", "Greek restaurant __knowledge__ A Greek restaurant is a restaurant that specializes in Greek cuisine.", "Greek restaurant __knowledge__ Several types of Greek restaurants exist.", "Greek restaurant __knowledge__ Going out to eat is \"part of the local culinary culture\" in modern Greece even in times of economic crisis.", "Greek restaurant __knowledge__ Greek restaurants in the United States tend to be moderately priced, and they vary in terms of types of service, cuisine and menu offerings, table settings and seating arrangements.", "Greek restaurant __knowledge__ Greek restaurants may also offer dishes from other various cuisines on their menus.", "Greek restaurant __knowledge__ The \"estiatório\" (plural \"estiatória\") is a type of modest restaurant in Greece.", "Greek restaurant __knowledge__ They have been described as \"something of a vanishing breed\".", "Mediterranean cuisine __knowledge__ Mediterranean cuisine is the foods and methods of preparation by people of the Mediterranean Basin region, especially those of Southern Europe.", "Mediterranean cuisine __knowledge__ The idea of a Mediterranean cuisine originates with the cookery writer Elizabeth David's book, \"A Book of Mediterranean Food\" (1950).", "Mediterranean cuisine __knowledge__ She and other writers including the Tunisian historian Mohamed Yassine Essid define the three core elements of the cuisine as the olive, wheat, and the grape, yielding olive oil, bread and pasta, and wine; other writers emphasize the diversity of the region's foods and deny that it is a useful concept.", "Mediterranean cuisine __knowledge__ The geographical area covered broadly follows the distribution of the olive tree, as noted by David and Essid." ] ]

[ 6, 1, 53, 0, 7 ]

[ "That's too bad. Greece has a long coastline along the Mediterranean Basin. That's the 11th longest coastline in the world, in fact!", "It was once referred to as the Hellenic Republic!", "I'm not sure where the name originates from, but the First Hellenic Republic was created during the Greek War of Independence.", "I'm not sure what the other types of Greek cuisine are.", "I would recommend checking out Mount Olympus. It's the highest location in Greece!" ]

[ "Greece", "Greece", "Greece", "Greece", "Greece" ]

[ "High school football\nMy brother plays high school football. He's really good at it. Do you know anyone who plays in high school football?", "Yes, it is very popular. I'm not sure what year it came to be? I do know many people who watch it and get really into the Super Bowl.", "That is crazy! I had no idea that used to be. I wonder who would win more often? ", "Yea that would be my guess as well. It's crazy how times have changed. High school football is important though, because it molds the stars of the future!", "That is awesome! My niece is a cheerleader and her boyfriend is on the high school football team, so it is pretty much a common interest in our family all around!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "High school football __knowledge__ High school football is gridiron football played by high school teams in the United States and Canada.", "High school football __knowledge__ It ranks among the most popular interscholastic sports in both countries.", "High school football __knowledge__ It is also popular amongst American High school teams in Europe.", "High school football __knowledge__ High school football began in the late 19th century, concurrent with the start of many college football programs.", "High school football __knowledge__ In the late 19th and early 20th century, many college and high school teams played against one another.", "High school football __knowledge__ Other traditions of high school football such as pep rallies, marching bands, mascots, and homecomings are mirrored from college football.", "High school football __knowledge__ No true minor league farm organizations exist in American football.", "High school football __knowledge__ Therefore, high school football is generally considered to be the third tier of American football in the United States, behind professional and college competition.", "High school football __knowledge__ It is the first level of play in which a player will accumulate statistics, which will determine his chances of competing at the college level, and ultimately the professional level if he is talented enough.", "High school football __knowledge__ The National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) establishes the rules of high school football in the United States.", "High school football __knowledge__ Two states, Texas and Massachusetts, use NCAA playing rules except as shown below.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ The early history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid–19th century, in which a football is kicked at a goal or run over a line, which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football, most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp, a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate considered to be the \"father of gridiron football\".", "Javon Ringer __knowledge__ Javon Eugene Ringer (born February 2, 1987) is an American football running back who last played for the Tennessee Titans of the National Football League (NFL).", "Javon Ringer __knowledge__ He played college football for Michigan State University, and was drafted in the fifth round of the 2009 NFL draft.", "Javon Ringer __knowledge__ Ringer attended Chaminade-Julienne High School where he set school and state records.", "Javon Ringer __knowledge__ In college, he achieved many awards.", "Javon Ringer __knowledge__ In 2005, he earned honorable mention Freshman All-America status from \"The Sporting News\".", "Javon Ringer __knowledge__ He was also named to \"The Sporting News\" Big Ten All-Freshman Team.", "Javon Ringer __knowledge__ In 2006, he earned the Biggie Munn Award, an award given to the team's most inspirational player.", "List of Community characters __knowledge__ Community is an American television sitcom created by Dan Harmon.", "List of Community characters __knowledge__ The show, set at the fictional Greendale Community College, depicts the on-campus exploits of students brought together when they form a study group.", "List of Community characters __knowledge__ The show stars: The series also features recurring characters, mainly fellow students or teachers at Greendale.", "List of Community characters __knowledge__ The show revolves around the on- and off-campus exploits of seven students who are connected through their study group at Greendale Community College.", "List of Community characters __knowledge__ Jeffrey Tobias \"Jeff\" Winger (Joel McHale), is a sardonic, quick-witted ex-lawyer attending Greendale Community College.", "List of Community characters __knowledge__ He was born in Denver, Colorado to his parents William Winger and Doreen Winger née Fitzgerald.", "Modern history of American football __knowledge__ The modern history of American football can be considered to have begun after the 1932 NFL Playoff game, which was the first American football game to feature hash marks, the legalization of the forward pass anywhere behind the line of scrimmage, and the movement of the goal posts back to the goal line; it was also the first indoor game since 1902.", "Modern history of American football __knowledge__ Other innovations to occur in the years after 1932 were the introduction of the AP Poll in 1934, the tapering of the ends of the football in 1934, the awarding of the first Heisman Trophy in 1935, the first NFL draft in 1936 and the first televised game in 1939.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the animated series \"Kim Possible\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kimberly Ann \"Kim\" Possible is a crime fighter and high school cheerleading captain who saves the world on a regular basis while dealing with the normal challenges of being a teenager, such as winning cheer competitions, turning in her homework on time, and maintaining a love life.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Her name is a play on the word \"impossible.\"", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kim has known Ron Stoppable, her sidekick for most missions, since preschool.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ She has also completed missions with Wade, Monique, her brothers, and even her mother.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ In season four, Kim and Ron end up developing romantic feelings for each other and begin dating during their senior year." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "High school football __knowledge__ High school football is gridiron football played by high school teams in the United States and Canada.", "High school football __knowledge__ It ranks among the most popular interscholastic sports in both countries.", "High school football __knowledge__ It is also popular amongst American High school teams in Europe.", "High school football __knowledge__ High school football began in the late 19th century, concurrent with the start of many college football programs.", "High school football __knowledge__ In the late 19th and early 20th century, many college and high school teams played against one another.", "High school football __knowledge__ Other traditions of high school football such as pep rallies, marching bands, mascots, and homecomings are mirrored from college football.", "High school football __knowledge__ No true minor league farm organizations exist in American football.", "High school football __knowledge__ Therefore, high school football is generally considered to be the third tier of American football in the United States, behind professional and college competition.", "High school football __knowledge__ It is the first level of play in which a player will accumulate statistics, which will determine his chances of competing at the college level, and ultimately the professional level if he is talented enough.", "High school football __knowledge__ The National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) establishes the rules of high school football in the United States.", "High school football __knowledge__ Two states, Texas and Massachusetts, use NCAA playing rules except as shown below.", "Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy __knowledge__ Super Bowl XXXVIII – which was broadcast live on February 1, 2004 from Houston, Texas on the CBS television network in the United States – was noted for a controversial halftime show in which Janet Jackson's breast, adorned with a nipple shield, was exposed by Justin Timberlake for about half a second, in what was later referred to as a \"wardrobe malfunction\".", "Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy __knowledge__ The incident, sometimes referred to as Nipplegate, was widely discussed.", "Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy __knowledge__ Along with the rest of the halftime show, it led to an immediate crackdown and widespread debate on perceived indecency in broadcasting.", "Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy __knowledge__ The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) fined CBS a record US$550,000 which was fought in the Supreme Court, but that fine was appealed and ultimately voided by the Third Circuit Court of Appeals in a 2011 ruling, and a case to reinstate the fine was refused in 2012.", "Super Bowl __knowledge__ The Super Bowl is the annual championship game of the National Football League (NFL).", "Super Bowl __knowledge__ The game is the culmination to a regular season that begins in the late summer of the previous calendar year.", "Super Bowl __knowledge__ Normally, Roman numerals are used to identify each game, rather than the year in which it is held.", "Super Bowl __knowledge__ For example, Super Bowl I was played on January 15, 1967, following the 1966 regular season.", "Super Bowl __knowledge__ The sole exception to this naming convention tradition occurred with Super Bowl 50, which was played on February 7, 2016, following the 2015 regular season, and the following year, the nomenclature returned to Roman numerals for Super Bowl LI, following the 2016 regular season.", "Super Bowl commercials __knowledge__ The U.S. television broadcast of the Super Bowl – the championship game of the National Football League (NFL) – features many high-profile television commercials, colloquially known as Super Bowl ads.", "Super Bowl commercials __knowledge__ The phenomenon is a result of the game's extremely high viewership and wide demographics: Super Bowl games have frequently been among the United States' most watched television broadcasts, with Nielsen having estimated that Super Bowl XLIX in 2015 was seen by at least 114.4 million viewers in the United States, surpassing the previous year's Super Bowl as the highest-rated television broadcast in U.S. history.", "Super Bowl XXVII __knowledge__ Super Bowl XXVII was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Buffalo Bills and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Dallas Cowboys to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 1992 season.", "Super Bowl XXVII __knowledge__ The Cowboys defeated the Bills by the score of 52–17, winning their third Super Bowl in team history, and their first one in fifteen years.", "Super Bowl XXVII __knowledge__ This game is tied with Super Bowl XXXVII as the second highest scoring Super Bowl ever with 69 combined points.", "Super Bowl XXVII __knowledge__ The Bills became the first team to lose three consecutive Super Bowls, and just the second team to play in three straight (the Miami Dolphins played in Super Bowls VI–VIII, winning VII and VIII).", "Tom Brady __knowledge__ Thomas Edward Patrick Brady Jr. (born August 3, 1977) is an American football quarterback for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL).", "Tom Brady __knowledge__ He is one of only two players to win five Super Bowls (the other being defensive player Charles Haley) and the only player to win them all playing for one team.", "Tom Brady __knowledge__ After playing college football for the University of Michigan, Brady was drafted by the Patriots in the sixth round of the 2000 NFL Draft.", "Tom Brady __knowledge__ In Brady's 16 seasons as a starter, he has quarterbacked the Patriots to eight Super Bowl appearances, the most for any player in history.", "Tom Brady __knowledge__ Brady has been honored with four Super Bowl MVP awards (Super Bowl XXXVI, XXXVIII, XLIX, and LI), the most ever by a single player, has won two league MVP awards (2007 and 2010), has been selected to 13 Pro Bowls, and has led his team to more division titles (15) than any other quarterback in NFL history.", "Super Bowl XXXVIII __knowledge__ Super Bowl XXXVIII was an American football game between the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Carolina Panthers and the American Football Conference (AFC) champion New England Patriots to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2003 season.", "Super Bowl XXXVIII __knowledge__ The Patriots defeated the Panthers by the score of 32-29.", "Super Bowl XXXVIII __knowledge__ The game was played at Reliant Stadium in Houston, Texas, on February 1, 2004.", "Super Bowl XXXVIII __knowledge__ At the time, this was the most watched Super Bowl ever with 144.4 million viewers.", "Super Bowl XXXVIII __knowledge__ The Panthers were making their first ever Super Bowl appearance after posting an 11–5 regular season record.", "Super Bowl XXXVIII __knowledge__ They also made it the second straight year that a team from the NFC South division made the Super Bowl, with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers winning Super Bowl XXXVII.", "Super Bowl 50 __knowledge__ Super Bowl 50 was an American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2015 season.", "Super Bowl 50 __knowledge__ The American Football Conference (AFC) champions Denver Broncos defeated the National Football Conference (NFC) champions Carolina Panthers.", "Super Bowl 50 __knowledge__ The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, California (located in the San Francisco Bay Area).", "Super Bowl 50 __knowledge__ As this was the 50th Super Bowl game, the league emphasized the \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives during the 2015 season, as well as suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals (under which the game would have been known as \"Super Bowl L\"), so the logo could prominently feature the Arabic numerals 50.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Sports in the United States are an important part of the country's culture.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Based on revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United States are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Major League Soccer is sometimes included in a \"top five\" of leagues of the country.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ All four enjoy wide-ranging domestic media coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their respective sports in the world, although only basketball, baseball, and ice hockey have substantial followings in other nations.", "Modern history of American football __knowledge__ The modern history of American football can be considered to have begun after the 1932 NFL Playoff game, which was the first American football game to feature hash marks, the legalization of the forward pass anywhere behind the line of scrimmage, and the movement of the goal posts back to the goal line; it was also the first indoor game since 1902.", "Modern history of American football __knowledge__ Other innovations to occur in the years after 1932 were the introduction of the AP Poll in 1934, the tapering of the ends of the football in 1934, the awarding of the first Heisman Trophy in 1935, the first NFL draft in 1936 and the first televised game in 1939.", "History of American football __knowledge__ The history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football.", "History of American football __knowledge__ Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid-19th century, in which a football is kicked at a goal or kicked over a line, which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games.", "History of American football __knowledge__ American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football, most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp, a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate who is considered to be the \"Father of American Football\".", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada are the highest professional competitions of team sports in those countries.", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The four leagues universally included in the definition are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ Other prominent leagues include Major League Soccer (MLS) and the Canadian Football League (CFL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The MLB, NBA, NFL and NHL are commonly referred to as the \"Big 4\".", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ Each of these is the wealthiest professional club competition in its sport worldwide, and along with the English Premier League they make up the top five sports leagues by revenue in the world.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ The early history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid–19th century, in which a football is kicked at a goal or run over a line, which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football, most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp, a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate considered to be the \"father of gridiron football\".", "American football __knowledge__ American football, referred to as football in the United States and Canada, and also known as gridiron football or simply gridiron, is a team sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end.", "American football __knowledge__ The offense, which is the team controlling the oval-shaped football, attempts to advance down the field by running with or passing the ball, while the defense, which is the team without control of the ball, aims to stop the offense's advance and aims to take control of the ball for themselves.", "American football __knowledge__ The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs, or plays, and otherwise they turn over the football to the defense; if the offense succeeds in advancing ten yards or more, they are given a new set of four downs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "High school football __knowledge__ High school football is gridiron football played by high school teams in the United States and Canada.", "High school football __knowledge__ It ranks among the most popular interscholastic sports in both countries.", "High school football __knowledge__ It is also popular amongst American High school teams in Europe.", "High school football __knowledge__ High school football began in the late 19th century, concurrent with the start of many college football programs.", "High school football __knowledge__ In the late 19th and early 20th century, many college and high school teams played against one another.", "High school football __knowledge__ Other traditions of high school football such as pep rallies, marching bands, mascots, and homecomings are mirrored from college football.", "High school football __knowledge__ No true minor league farm organizations exist in American football.", "High school football __knowledge__ Therefore, high school football is generally considered to be the third tier of American football in the United States, behind professional and college competition.", "High school football __knowledge__ It is the first level of play in which a player will accumulate statistics, which will determine his chances of competing at the college level, and ultimately the professional level if he is talented enough.", "High school football __knowledge__ The National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) establishes the rules of high school football in the United States.", "High school football __knowledge__ Two states, Texas and Massachusetts, use NCAA playing rules except as shown below.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ \"Arrested Development\" is an American television sitcom that originally aired on the Fox network from November 2, 2003 to February 10, 2006.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ A fourth season of 15 episodes was released on Netflix on May 26, 2013.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ Created by Mitchell Hurwitz, the show centers on the Bluth family, a formerly wealthy, habitually dysfunctional family, and is presented in a continuous format, incorporating hand-held camera work, narration, archival photos, and historical footage.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ The series stars Jason Bateman, Portia de Rossi, Will Arnett, Michael Cera, Alia Shawkat, Tony Hale, David Cross, Jeffrey Tambor, and Jessica Walter.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a 2017 American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name, distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ It is the fourth installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU).", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ The film is directed by Patty Jenkins, with a screenplay by Allan Heinberg, from a story by Heinberg, Zack Snyder, and Jason Fuchs, and stars Gal Gadot as Diana Prince / Wonder Woman, alongside Chris Pine, Robin Wright, Danny Huston, David Thewlis, Connie Nielsen, and Elena Anaya.", "Wonder Woman (2017 film) __knowledge__ \"Wonder Woman\" is the second live action theatrical film featuring the titular character, following her debut in 2016's \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball __knowledge__ The Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team is an American college basketball team that represents the University of Kentucky.", "Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball __knowledge__ Kentucky is the most successful NCAA Division I basketball program in history in terms of both all-time wins (2,237) and all-time winning percentage (.765).", "Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball __knowledge__ The Wildcats are currently coached by John Calipari.", "Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball __knowledge__ Kentucky leads all schools in total NCAA tournament appearances (56), NCAA tournament wins (124), NCAA Tournament games played (174), NCAA Sweet Sixteen appearances (42), NCAA Elite Eight appearances (37), and total postseason tournament appearances (64).", "Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball __knowledge__ Further, Kentucky has played in 17 NCAA Final Fours (tied for 2nd place all-time with UCLA), 12 NCAA Championship games, and has won 8 NCAA championships (second only to UCLA's 11).", "Super Crazy __knowledge__ Francisco Islas Rueda (born December 3, 1973) is a Mexican professional wrestler, or \"luchador\", best known by his ring name Super Crazy.", "Super Crazy __knowledge__ In Mexico, Islas has worked for AAA (AAA) and made appearances for various independent promotions but is not currently associated with one specific Mexican promotion.", "Super Crazy __knowledge__ As Super Crazy, Islas gained American exposure by working for Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) between 1998 and 2000 and for World Wrestling Entertainment between 2005 and 2008.", "Super Crazy __knowledge__ He has also toured Japan on several occasions, working for New Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW), Pro Wrestling Zero-One (Zero-1), All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW) and Pro Wrestling Noah.", "History of American football __knowledge__ The history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football.", "History of American football __knowledge__ Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid-19th century, in which a football is kicked at a goal or kicked over a line, which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games.", "History of American football __knowledge__ American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football, most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp, a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate who is considered to be the \"Father of American Football\".", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ The early history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid–19th century, in which a football is kicked at a goal or run over a line, which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football, most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp, a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate considered to be the \"father of gridiron football\".", "Single-wing formation __knowledge__ In American and Canadian football, a single-wing formation, created by Glenn \"Pop\" Warner, was a precursor to the modern spread or shotgun formation.", "Single-wing formation __knowledge__ The term usually connotes formations in which the snap is tossed rather than handed—formations with one wingback and a handed snap are commonly called \"wing T\" or \"winged T\".", "Single-wing formation __knowledge__ The single wing was superior to the T formation in its ability to get an extra eligible receiver down field.", "Single-wing formation __knowledge__ Among coaches, single-wing football denotes a formation using a long snap from center as well as a deceptive scheme that evolved from Glenn \"Pop\" Warner's offensive style.", "College football __knowledge__ College football is American football played by teams of student athletes fielded by American universities, colleges, and military academies, or Canadian football played by teams of student athletes fielded by Canadian universities.", "College football __knowledge__ It was through college football play that American football rules first gained popularity in the United States.", "College football __knowledge__ Unlike most other sports in North America, no minor league farm organizations exist in American or Canadian football.", "College football __knowledge__ Therefore, college football is generally considered to be the second tier of American football in the United States and Canadian football in Canada; one step ahead of high school competition, and one step below professional competition.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, has been home to many teams and events in professional, semi-professional, amateur, college, and high-school sports.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Sports are a huge part of the culture of the city and the Greater Philadelphia area.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia sports fans are considered to be some of the most knowledgeable fans in sports, and are known for their extreme passion for all of their teams.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia fans are also known for their reputation of being the \"Meanest Fans in America\".", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia is one of twelve cities that hosts teams in all four major sports leagues in North America, and Philadelphia is one of just three cities in which one team from every league plays within city limits.", "Career Point College __knowledge__ Career Point College was a private 2-year for-profit career school located in San Antonio, Texas, with branch campuses in Tulsa, Oklahoma and Austin, Texas.", "Career Point College __knowledge__ Its San Antonio location is at the Wonderland of the Americas mall, where it houses a cosmetology school and a nursing school with vocational and RN programs.", "Career Point College __knowledge__ The Career Point College LVN program was ranked 49th out of 95 Texas programs by PracticalNursing.com.", "Career Point College __knowledge__ The founding institution, Dickinson Business School, was established in 1921 by Harold R. Frazell to train typists in Kansas City, Missouri.", "Career Point College __knowledge__ In 1953, a secretarial program was added, a new shorthand system was developed, and by the late 1950s this system was widely accepted in the Kansas City area and became known as “Dickinson Shorthand.” In the early 1970s, a Missouri corporation consisting of two local educators purchased Dickinson Business School and modified the schools educational programs to emphasize individualized, self-paced instruction, and in late December 1981, Lawrence D. Earle purchased an interest in the institution, broadening the financial base of the school." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "High school football __knowledge__ High school football is gridiron football played by high school teams in the United States and Canada.", "High school football __knowledge__ It ranks among the most popular interscholastic sports in both countries.", "High school football __knowledge__ It is also popular amongst American High school teams in Europe.", "High school football __knowledge__ High school football began in the late 19th century, concurrent with the start of many college football programs.", "High school football __knowledge__ In the late 19th and early 20th century, many college and high school teams played against one another.", "High school football __knowledge__ Other traditions of high school football such as pep rallies, marching bands, mascots, and homecomings are mirrored from college football.", "High school football __knowledge__ No true minor league farm organizations exist in American football.", "High school football __knowledge__ Therefore, high school football is generally considered to be the third tier of American football in the United States, behind professional and college competition.", "High school football __knowledge__ It is the first level of play in which a player will accumulate statistics, which will determine his chances of competing at the college level, and ultimately the professional level if he is talented enough.", "High school football __knowledge__ The National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) establishes the rules of high school football in the United States.", "High school football __knowledge__ Two states, Texas and Massachusetts, use NCAA playing rules except as shown below.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ The early history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid–19th century, in which a football is kicked at a goal or run over a line, which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football, most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp, a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate considered to be the \"father of gridiron football\".", "Modern history of American football __knowledge__ The modern history of American football can be considered to have begun after the 1932 NFL Playoff game, which was the first American football game to feature hash marks, the legalization of the forward pass anywhere behind the line of scrimmage, and the movement of the goal posts back to the goal line; it was also the first indoor game since 1902.", "Modern history of American football __knowledge__ Other innovations to occur in the years after 1932 were the introduction of the AP Poll in 1934, the tapering of the ends of the football in 1934, the awarding of the first Heisman Trophy in 1935, the first NFL draft in 1936 and the first televised game in 1939.", "History of American football __knowledge__ The history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football.", "History of American football __knowledge__ Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid-19th century, in which a football is kicked at a goal or kicked over a line, which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games.", "History of American football __knowledge__ American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football, most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp, a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate who is considered to be the \"Father of American Football\".", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "College football __knowledge__ College football is American football played by teams of student athletes fielded by American universities, colleges, and military academies, or Canadian football played by teams of student athletes fielded by Canadian universities.", "College football __knowledge__ It was through college football play that American football rules first gained popularity in the United States.", "College football __knowledge__ Unlike most other sports in North America, no minor league farm organizations exist in American or Canadian football.", "College football __knowledge__ Therefore, college football is generally considered to be the second tier of American football in the United States and Canadian football in Canada; one step ahead of high school competition, and one step below professional competition.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Professional football (gridiron) __knowledge__ In the United States and Canada, the term professional football includes the professional forms of American and Canadian gridiron football.", "Professional football (gridiron) __knowledge__ In common usage, it refers to former and existing major football leagues in either country.", "Professional football (gridiron) __knowledge__ Currently (2016), there are multiple professional football leagues in North America: the three best known are the National Football League (NFL) and the Arena Football League (AFL) in the U.S. and the Canadian Football League (CFL) in Canada.", "Professional football (gridiron) __knowledge__ The NFL has existed continuously since being so named in 1922.", "Professional football (gridiron) __knowledge__ Compared to the other major professional sports leagues of the United States and Canada, football has comparatively few levels of play and does not have a well-developed minor league system or pyramid, either official or otherwise.", "Notre Dame Fighting Irish football __knowledge__ The Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team is the intercollegiate football team representing the University of Notre Dame in Notre Dame, Indiana.", "Notre Dame Fighting Irish football __knowledge__ The team is currently coached by Brian Kelly and plays its home games at the campus's Notre Dame Stadium, which has a capacity of 77,622.", "Notre Dame Fighting Irish football __knowledge__ Notre Dame is one of four schools that competes as an Independent at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Football Bowl Subdivision level; however, they play five games a year against opponents from the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC), which Notre Dame is a member of in all other sports except ice hockey." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "High school football __knowledge__ High school football is gridiron football played by high school teams in the United States and Canada.", "High school football __knowledge__ It ranks among the most popular interscholastic sports in both countries.", "High school football __knowledge__ It is also popular amongst American High school teams in Europe.", "High school football __knowledge__ High school football began in the late 19th century, concurrent with the start of many college football programs.", "High school football __knowledge__ In the late 19th and early 20th century, many college and high school teams played against one another.", "High school football __knowledge__ Other traditions of high school football such as pep rallies, marching bands, mascots, and homecomings are mirrored from college football.", "High school football __knowledge__ No true minor league farm organizations exist in American football.", "High school football __knowledge__ Therefore, high school football is generally considered to be the third tier of American football in the United States, behind professional and college competition.", "High school football __knowledge__ It is the first level of play in which a player will accumulate statistics, which will determine his chances of competing at the college level, and ultimately the professional level if he is talented enough.", "High school football __knowledge__ The National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) establishes the rules of high school football in the United States.", "High school football __knowledge__ Two states, Texas and Massachusetts, use NCAA playing rules except as shown below.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the animated series \"Kim Possible\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kimberly Ann \"Kim\" Possible is a crime fighter and high school cheerleading captain who saves the world on a regular basis while dealing with the normal challenges of being a teenager, such as winning cheer competitions, turning in her homework on time, and maintaining a love life.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Her name is a play on the word \"impossible.\"", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kim has known Ron Stoppable, her sidekick for most missions, since preschool.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ She has also completed missions with Wade, Monique, her brothers, and even her mother.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ In season four, Kim and Ron end up developing romantic feelings for each other and begin dating during their senior year.", "List of Daria characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters featured in MTV's animated series \"Daria\" (1997–2002).", "List of Daria characters __knowledge__ Daria Morgendorffer (first appearance: Episode #1, \"Esteemsters\").", "List of Daria characters __knowledge__ Daria is voiced by Tracy Grandstaff.", "List of Daria characters __knowledge__ As the title character, Daria is present in every episode and central to almost every plot.", "List of Daria characters __knowledge__ Cynical, pessimistic and sardonic to a terminal degree, Daria's intellect and academic insight is often counterbalanced by her pronounced lack of motivation.", "List of Daria characters __knowledge__ Although Daria has been involved in school activities and social events, it usually takes bribery from her parents, threats upon her grades by Principal Li, or cajoling by either Jodie Landon (at school) or Jane Lane (in social situations) to enlist her participation.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "List of As Told by Ginger characters __knowledge__ Throughout the various episodes in \"As Told by Ginger\", a number of recurring characters appear.", "List of As Told by Ginger characters __knowledge__ Prominent characters are listed here.", "List of As Told by Ginger characters __knowledge__ Ginger Foutley is an average 14-year-old girl and the main protagonist in the series.", "List of As Told by Ginger characters __knowledge__ She was not considered \"popular\" until Courtney Gripling, the stereotypical \"school diva\", decided to befriend her.", "List of As Told by Ginger characters __knowledge__ Through Ginger, Courtney is able to view how the world works outside of the popular clique.", "List of As Told by Ginger characters __knowledge__ However, Courtney's \"right-hand woman\", Miranda Killgallen, becomes increasingly jealous of Courtney and Ginger's relationship, and stops at nothing to relegate Ginger to her previous role of geek.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ The early history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid–19th century, in which a football is kicked at a goal or run over a line, which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football, most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp, a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate considered to be the \"father of gridiron football\".", "Friday Night Lights (TV series) __knowledge__ Friday Night Lights is an American drama television series about a high school football team in the fictional town of Dillon, Texas.", "Friday Night Lights (TV series) __knowledge__ It was developed by Peter Berg and executive produced by Brian Grazer, David Nevins, Sarah Aubrey and Jason Katims, based on by H. G. Bissinger, adapted as the 2004 film of the same name.", "Friday Night Lights (TV series) __knowledge__ The series' primary setting, Dillon, is a small, close-knit community in rural Texas.", "Friday Night Lights (TV series) __knowledge__ Team coach Eric Taylor (Kyle Chandler) and his family, Tami, Julie and Grace, are featured.", "Friday Night Lights (TV series) __knowledge__ The show uses this small-town backdrop to address many issues facing contemporary American culture, including family values, school funding, racism, drugs, abortion and lack of economic opportunities.", "Marching band __knowledge__ A marching band is a group in which instrumental musicians perform while marching, often for entertainment or competition.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Instrumentation typically includes brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most marching bands wear a uniform, often of a military style, that includes an associated school or organization's colors, name or symbol.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Most high school marching bands, and some college marching bands, are accompanied by a color guard, a group of performers who add a visual interpretation to the music through the use of props, most often flags and rifles.", "Marching band __knowledge__ Marching bands are generally categorized by function, size, age, gender, instrumentation, marching style, and type of show they perform.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ The Ohio State University Athletic Band is a non-audition band for any student, faculty, or staff of The Ohio State University with prior instrumental experience.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Many students who perform in the Athletic Band also perform in The Ohio State University Marching Band.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Each Athletic Band features full contemporary concert band instrumentation, including woodwinds.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ It performs throughout the year at various athletic and goodwill functions across campus.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Members of the Athletic Band receive course credit for their band participation.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Military training was an important part of the early curriculum at Ohio State, and a band was formed to provide music for the cadets to drill to.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ The Michigan Competing Band Association (MCBA) is a sanctioning body for high school marching band field contests in the state of Michigan, established in 1974.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ Not only does it host a great number of local competitions around the state, MCBA holds the only statewide marching band championships in Michigan.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ Previous championships were held at the Plymouth-Canton Educational Park Varsity Stadium in Canton, Michigan, Rynearson Stadium at Eastern Michigan University, and at the Pontiac Silverdome in Pontiac, Michigan.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ They are currently held at Ford Field in Detroit, Michigan.", "Michigan Competing Band Association __knowledge__ Prior to the 1992-93 school year, MCBA was known as the Michigan Competing Band Director's Association, or MCBDA.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ The Ohio State University Marching Band (OSUMB) performs at Ohio State football games and other events during the fall semester.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ It is one of the few collegiate all-brass and percussion bands in the country, perhaps the largest of its type in the world.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Its nickname is The Best Damn Band in the Land (TBDBITL).)", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Military training was an important part of the early curriculum at Ohio State, and a band was formed to provide music to the cadets for drills.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ Organized in 1878, the Marching Band was first organized as a fife and drum corps and was sponsored by the Military Department.", "Ohio State University Marching Band __knowledge__ In 1881, a stolen mouthpiece incident, which prevented the Marching Band from performing, led the Military Department to end support.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The University of Minnesota Marching Band (also known as UMMB, Minnesota Marching Band, and The Pride of Minnesota) is the marching band of the University of Minnesota and the flagship university band for the state of Minnesota.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The Pride of Minnesota serves as the university’s ambassador, representing the school at major events both on and off campus.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The band performs before, during, and after all home Golden Gopher football games and bowl games, occasional away games, local parades, numerous pepfests, exhibition performances, as well as a series of indoor concerts at the end of the regular football season.", "Sun Devil Marching Band __knowledge__ The Sun Devil Marching Band (SDMB), also known as The Pride of the Southwest, is the athletic band of Arizona State University in Tempe, Arizona.", "Sun Devil Marching Band __knowledge__ The Sun Devil Marching Band motto is “Expect Great Things.” The acronym EGT is inscribed on a sign that hangs from the director’s podium towering over the band's practice field, and is a symbol of the high standards that band members strive to meet.", "Sun Devil Marching Band __knowledge__ The ASU Band program, which includes the Marching, Pep, and Dixieland bands, is a part of the Sun Devil Athletics department.", "Sun Devil Marching Band __knowledge__ The band is currently under the direction of Director of Athletic Bands James G. \"The Hammer\" Hudson, who took over the program in 2006.", "Aimachi __knowledge__ Aimachi is a Tenrikyo church based in Nagoya, Japan.", "Aimachi __knowledge__ Outside Japan, Aimachi is most known for its marching music and color guard ensembles.", "Aimachi __knowledge__ A selection from their 130-member marching band compete internationally as an indoor percussion ensembles, indoor marching ensembles, baton twirling, and winter guards.", "Aimachi __knowledge__ The group rehearses outside of Nagoya in Handa City.", "Aimachi __knowledge__ The Aimachi Band was started in 1962 with four members.", "Aimachi __knowledge__ The founder of the band, Kiyokazu Sekine, is the son of Aimachi's founder and continues to serve as the group's director.", "Aimachi __knowledge__ In 1998, the Aimachi marching band became the All-Japan National Champion in the All-Japan Marching and Baton Twirling championships for the first time in their history." ] ]

[ 2, 5, 61, 6, 45 ]

[ "I don't now, but my boyfriend played when he was in highschool! High school football is one of the most popular sports in North America.", "I think it started in the 19th century, around when college football started. At one point college and high school teams even played each other, which seems crazy now.", "If I had to guess I'd say college; since today college football is considered a step above high school (but still below professional). ", "Definitely! The other traditions are fun too; I played in the marching band in high school, which is what made me interested in football in the first place.", "Did you ever watch the show Friday Night Lights? I got into it late, but it's So good. I love Kyle Chandler as Coach Taylor." ]

[ "High school football", "High school football", "High school football", "High school football", "High school football" ]

[ "Drawing", "Hello. Yes I find drawing to be very relaxing.", "I've never heard of them, are they a good group?", "That sounds cool. So they were like an educational group." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Drawing __knowledge__ Drawing is a form of visual art in which a person uses various drawing instruments to mark paper or another two-dimensional medium.", "Drawing __knowledge__ Instruments include graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax colored pencils, crayons, charcoal, chalk, pastels, various kinds of erasers, markers, styluses, various metals (such as silverpoint) and electronic drawing.", "Drawing __knowledge__ A drawing instrument releases a small amount of material onto a surface, leaving a visible mark.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The most common support for drawing is paper, although other materials, such as cardboard, plastic, leather, canvas, and board, may be used.", "Drawing __knowledge__ Temporary drawings may be made on a blackboard or whiteboard or indeed almost anything.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The medium has been a popular and fundamental means of public expression throughout human history.", "Drawing __knowledge__ It is one of the simplest and most efficient means of communicating visual ideas.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The wide availability of drawing instruments makes drawing one of the most common artistic activities.", "Drawing __knowledge__ In addition to its more artistic forms, drawing is frequently used in commercial illustration, animation, architecture, engineering and technical drawing.", "Drawing __knowledge__ A quick, freehand drawing, usually not intended as a finished work, is sometimes called a sketch." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Drawing __knowledge__ Drawing is a form of visual art in which a person uses various drawing instruments to mark paper or another two-dimensional medium.", "Drawing __knowledge__ Instruments include graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax colored pencils, crayons, charcoal, chalk, pastels, various kinds of erasers, markers, styluses, various metals (such as silverpoint) and electronic drawing.", "Drawing __knowledge__ A drawing instrument releases a small amount of material onto a surface, leaving a visible mark.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The most common support for drawing is paper, although other materials, such as cardboard, plastic, leather, canvas, and board, may be used.", "Drawing __knowledge__ Temporary drawings may be made on a blackboard or whiteboard or indeed almost anything.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The medium has been a popular and fundamental means of public expression throughout human history.", "Drawing __knowledge__ It is one of the simplest and most efficient means of communicating visual ideas.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The wide availability of drawing instruments makes drawing one of the most common artistic activities.", "Drawing __knowledge__ In addition to its more artistic forms, drawing is frequently used in commercial illustration, animation, architecture, engineering and technical drawing.", "Drawing __knowledge__ A quick, freehand drawing, usually not intended as a finished work, is sometimes called a sketch.", "MSG Plus __knowledge__ MSG Plus (visually branded on-air as MSG+) is an American regional sports network owned by MSG Networks; it operates as a sister channel to MSG Network.", "MSG Plus __knowledge__ The network serves the New York City metropolitan area, whose reach expands to cover the entire state of New York, Northern New Jersey, Southwestern Connecticut and Northeastern Pennsylvania; MSG Plus carries sports events from several of the New York area's professional sports franchises, as well as college sports events.", "MSG Plus __knowledge__ MSG+ originally launched in 1976 as Cablevision Sports 3, a local sports network owned by Cablevision (the \"3\" referenced the network's channel slot on Cablevision, where it remained through the 1990s).", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ \"Hello, Goodbye\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ Backed by John Lennon's \"I Am the Walrus\", it was issued as a non-album single in November 1967, the group's first release since the death of their manager, Brian Epstein.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The single was commercially successful around the world, topping charts in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and several other countries.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ McCartney later said that the lyrics take duality as their theme.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The song originated when, in response to a question from Beatles aide Alistair Taylor about songwriting, McCartney sat down at a harmonium and asked Taylor to say the opposite of whatever he said.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Sanrio, a Japanese company specialized in creating cute characters.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Beginning in 1963, Sanrio sells and licenses products branded with these characters and has created over 400 characters, with the most successful and best known being Hello Kitty.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ The characters listed here are shown with the year in which they first appeared.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ is the best-known of Sanrio's fictional characters, created in 1974.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty is drawn simply with a trademark red bow.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Registered in 1975, Hello Kitty is now a globally known trademark.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty has been marketed in the United States from the beginning and has held the position of U.S. children's ambassador for UNICEF since 1983.", "Memory error __knowledge__ Memory gaps and errors refer to the incorrect recall, or complete loss, of information in the memory system for a specific detail and/or event.", "Memory error __knowledge__ Memory errors may include remembering events that never occurred, or remembering them differently from the way they actually happened.", "Memory error __knowledge__ These errors or gaps can occur due to a number of different reasons, including the emotional involvement in the situation, expectations and environmental changes.", "Memory error __knowledge__ As the retention interval between encoding and retrieval of the memory lengthens, there is an increase in both the amount that is forgotten, and the likelihood of a memory error occurring.", "William Golden (graphic designer) __knowledge__ William Golden (March 31, 1911 – October 23, 1959) was an American graphic designer.", "William Golden (graphic designer) __knowledge__ He is best known for his work at Columbia Broadcasting System, starting in the CBS Radio promotion department (before broadcast television existed) and culminating in his tenure as creative director of advertising and sales promotion for CBS Television Network.", "William Golden (graphic designer) __knowledge__ Golden gained a reputation of excellence by always striving for a perfect, simple solution to the problem at hand, producing an original and distinguished design to convey the message.", "William Golden (graphic designer) __knowledge__ William Golden was born in lower Manhattan on March 31, 1911, the youngest of twelve children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ The \"Treatise\" is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ In the introduction Hume presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human nature.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ Impressed by Isaac Newton's achievements in the physical sciences, Hume sought to introduce the same experimental method of reasoning into the study of human psychology, with the aim of discovering the \"extent and force of human understanding\".", "Proverb __knowledge__ A proverb (from ) is a simple and concrete saying, popularly known and repeated, that expresses a truth based on common sense or experience.", "Proverb __knowledge__ They are often metaphorical.", "Proverb __knowledge__ Proverbs fall into the category of formulaic language.", "Proverb __knowledge__ Proverbs are often borrowed from similar languages and cultures, and sometimes come down to the present through more than one language.", "Proverb __knowledge__ Both the Bible (including, but not limited to the Book of Proverbs) and medieval Latin (aided by the work of Erasmus) have played a considerable role in distributing proverbs across Europe.", "Proverb __knowledge__ Mieder has concluded that cultures that treat the Bible as their \"major spiritual book contain between three hundred and five hundred proverbs that stem from the Bible\".", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Religious debates over the \"Harry Potter\" series of books by J. K. Rowling are based on claims that the novels contain occult or Satanic subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ A number of Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox Christians have argued against the series, as have some Shia and Sunni Muslims.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Supporters of the series have said that the magic in \"Harry Potter\" bears little resemblance to occultism, being more in the vein of fairy tales such as \"Cinderella\" and \"Snow White\", or to the works of C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien, both of whom are known for writing fantasy novels with Christian subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Far from promoting a particular religion, some argue, the \"Harry Potter\" novels go out of their way to avoid discussing religion at all.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Drawing __knowledge__ Drawing is a form of visual art in which a person uses various drawing instruments to mark paper or another two-dimensional medium.", "Drawing __knowledge__ Instruments include graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax colored pencils, crayons, charcoal, chalk, pastels, various kinds of erasers, markers, styluses, various metals (such as silverpoint) and electronic drawing.", "Drawing __knowledge__ A drawing instrument releases a small amount of material onto a surface, leaving a visible mark.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The most common support for drawing is paper, although other materials, such as cardboard, plastic, leather, canvas, and board, may be used.", "Drawing __knowledge__ Temporary drawings may be made on a blackboard or whiteboard or indeed almost anything.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The medium has been a popular and fundamental means of public expression throughout human history.", "Drawing __knowledge__ It is one of the simplest and most efficient means of communicating visual ideas.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The wide availability of drawing instruments makes drawing one of the most common artistic activities.", "Drawing __knowledge__ In addition to its more artistic forms, drawing is frequently used in commercial illustration, animation, architecture, engineering and technical drawing.", "Drawing __knowledge__ A quick, freehand drawing, usually not intended as a finished work, is sometimes called a sketch.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ The fate of the unlearned, also known as the destiny of the unevangelized, is an eschatological question about the ultimate destiny of people who have not been exposed to a particular theology or doctrine and thus have no opportunity to embrace it.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ The question is whether those who never hear of requirements issued through divine revelations will be punished for failure to abide by those requirements.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ It is sometimes addressed in combination with the similar question of the fate of the unbeliever.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ Differing faith traditions have different responses to the question; in Christianity the fate of the unlearned is related to the question of original sin.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ \"This Is It\" is a song co-written by American pop star and musician Michael Jackson and Canadian singer-songwriter Paul Anka.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ The song was recorded by the former and featured as a track on the album, \"This Is It\" (2009), which accompanies the 2009 concert documentary \"Michael Jackson's This Is It\".", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ It was premiered worldwide on Jackson's official website on October 12, 2009 four months after his death on June 25, 2009.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ Although Sony Music Entertainment referred to the song as a \"new single\" during its promotion, it was later confirmed that the song would only be sent for airplay, and not be available to buy as a single release.", "Tim Sexton __knowledge__ Tim Sexton is an American producer, music supervisor, and environmental entrepreneur.", "Tim Sexton __knowledge__ Noted for events and initiatives which integrate pop culture and social activism, he produced the No Nukes and Live 8 concerts, and was an architect of \"Feel the Power,\" the precursor to Rock the Vote.", "Tim Sexton __knowledge__ He is the principal of the Make Good Group, a company he founded in 2003 to advise corporate clients on sustainability, social responsibility, and brand strategy.", "Tim Sexton __knowledge__ \"Go Green,\" the environmental program Sexton designed for the Philadelphia Eagles, is considered a model of sustainability.", "Tim Sexton __knowledge__ Sexton served as the music supervisor for dozens of films, including Madonna's \"Desperately Seeking Susan,\" and \"Rush\", which featured Eric Clapton's Grammy Award-winning \"Tears in Heaven.\"", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Francis Albert Sinatra (; December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 150million records worldwide.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to Italian immigrants, Sinatra began his musical career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James and Tommy Dorsey.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943, becoming the idol of the \"bobby soxers\".", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He released his debut album, \"The Voice of Frank Sinatra\", in 1946.", "Joseph Blatchford __knowledge__ Joseph Blatchford (born June 7, 1934) was the third Director of the United States Peace Corps succeeding Jack Vaughn.", "Joseph Blatchford __knowledge__ Blatchford was appointed Peace Corps Director in 1969 by President Richard Nixon.", "Joseph Blatchford __knowledge__ Blatchford was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin on June 7, 1934.", "Joseph Blatchford __knowledge__ His family moved to California when Blatchford was ten years old and Blatchford grew up in Beverly Hills, California where his father dealt with motion picture finances.", "Joseph Blatchford __knowledge__ Blatchford attended Christian Science Sunday School growing up but in a profile published in the New York Times in 1970 said that he is no longer a practicing Christian Scientist.", "Squanto __knowledge__ Tisquantum (; 1585 (±10 years ?)", "Squanto __knowledge__ – late November 1622 o.s.", "Squanto __knowledge__ ), more commonly known by the diminutive variant Squanto, was a member of the Patuxet tribe best known for being an early liaison between the native populations in Southern New England and the \"Mayflower\" settlers, who made their settlement at the site of Squanto's former summer village.", "Squanto __knowledge__ The Patuxet tribe had lived on the western coast of Cape Cod Bay, but they were wiped out by an epidemic infection.", "Squanto __knowledge__ Squanto was the last of the tribe, and he acted as a translator, guide, and advisor while he lived with the Pilgrims for 20 months.", "Squanto __knowledge__ He showed them how to sow and fertilize native crops, and this proved to be a boon when the seeds brought largely failed which had been brought from England.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ Hi-5 is an Australian children's television series, originally produced by Kids Like Us and later Southern Star for the Nine Network and created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The program is known for its educational content, and for the cast of the program, who became a recognised musical group for children outside of the series, known collectively as Hi-5.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ It has generated discussion about what is considered appropriate television for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The series premiered in April 1999 on the Nine Network.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The series is designed for a pre-school audience, featuring five performers who educate and entertain through music, movement and play.", "Australian Children's Television Foundation __knowledge__ The Australian Children's Television Foundation (ACTF) is a national non-profit children’s media production and policy hub.", "Australian Children's Television Foundation __knowledge__ The ACTF helps develop children’s television policy; distributes and pays for Australian children’s television series; supports new children’s media; and develops screen resources for the education sector.", "Australian Children's Television Foundation __knowledge__ The Australian Education Council established the ACTF following recommendations to Commonwealth, State and Territory governments.", "Australian Children's Television Foundation __knowledge__ It is supported by, and receives funding from, the Commonwealth Government and the governments of most States and Territories.", "Australian Children's Television Foundation __knowledge__ The ACTF provides funding and support to independent Australian producers and writers of children's programs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "List of Persona 4 characters __knowledge__ The plot of Atlus's PlayStation 2 role-playing game is centered on a group of high-school students dedicated to capturing the culprit responsible for the murders and kidnappings that happened in their small town of Inaba starting in April 11, 2011.", "List of Persona 4 characters __knowledge__ The case is linked by the TV world, a dimension where the characters use alteregos known as to defeat the Shadows, beings that represent people's hidden thoughts that killed the first two victims.", "List of Persona 4 characters __knowledge__ The protagonist is Yu Narukami, a high-school student who moved into the town from the city.", "List of Persona 4 characters __knowledge__ He is met by Yosuke Hanamura, the son of the local department store manager; Chie Satonaka, an energetic girl with a strong interest in kung fu; Yukiko Amagi, a calm and refined girl whose family owns the local inn; Kanji Tatsumi, a first-year student whose punk reputation hides a softer side; Teddie, a mysterious figure from the TV world who exists in the form of a cartoonish bear costume; Rise Kujikawa, a popular teen idol who has taken a break from showbiz; and Naoto Shirogane, a well-known junior detective who disguises her true identity by dressing as a young man.", "Australian literature __knowledge__ Australian literature is the written or literary work produced in the area or by the people of the Commonwealth of Australia and its preceding colonies.", "Australian literature __knowledge__ During its early Western history, Australia was a collection of British colonies, therefore, its literary tradition begins with and is linked to the broader tradition of English literature.", "Australian literature __knowledge__ However, the narrative art of Australian writers has, since 1788, introduced the character of a new continent into literature—exploring such themes as Aboriginality, \"mateship\", egalitarianism, democracy, national identity, migration, Australia's unique location and geography, the complexities of urban living, and \"the beauty and the terror\" of life in the Australian bush.", "Regular Show __knowledge__ Regular Show (also known as Regular Show in Space during its eighth season) is an American animated television sitcom created by J. G. Quintel for Cartoon Network that aired from September 6, 2010, to January 16, 2017.", "Regular Show __knowledge__ The series revolves around the lives of two working-class friends, a blue jay named Mordecai and a raccoon named Rigbyboth employed as groundskeepers at a local park.", "Regular Show __knowledge__ They usually try to solve a simple problem but then it leads to a surreal, extreme, and often supernatural misadventure.", "Regular Show __knowledge__ During these misadventures, they interact with the show's other main characters: Benson, Pops, Muscle Man, Hi-Five Ghost, Skips, Margaret and Eileen." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Drawing __knowledge__ Drawing is a form of visual art in which a person uses various drawing instruments to mark paper or another two-dimensional medium.", "Drawing __knowledge__ Instruments include graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax colored pencils, crayons, charcoal, chalk, pastels, various kinds of erasers, markers, styluses, various metals (such as silverpoint) and electronic drawing.", "Drawing __knowledge__ A drawing instrument releases a small amount of material onto a surface, leaving a visible mark.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The most common support for drawing is paper, although other materials, such as cardboard, plastic, leather, canvas, and board, may be used.", "Drawing __knowledge__ Temporary drawings may be made on a blackboard or whiteboard or indeed almost anything.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The medium has been a popular and fundamental means of public expression throughout human history.", "Drawing __knowledge__ It is one of the simplest and most efficient means of communicating visual ideas.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The wide availability of drawing instruments makes drawing one of the most common artistic activities.", "Drawing __knowledge__ In addition to its more artistic forms, drawing is frequently used in commercial illustration, animation, architecture, engineering and technical drawing.", "Drawing __knowledge__ A quick, freehand drawing, usually not intended as a finished work, is sometimes called a sketch.", "Gila Preparatory Academy __knowledge__ Gila Preparatory Academy was a high school in Safford, Arizona.", "Gila Preparatory Academy __knowledge__ It was run by a company known as the Gila Educational Group, of which the head was Crae Wilson, Jr.", "Gila Preparatory Academy __knowledge__ It formerly also had a middle school, which served grades 7 and 8.", "Gila Preparatory Academy __knowledge__ It opened in 2000 as Pathways to College.", "Gila Preparatory Academy __knowledge__ The Arizona Department of Education with the Arizona State Board for Charter Schools, which manages charter schools like Gila Preparatory Academy, could have revoked Gila Educational Group's charter for the middle school and high school because the middle school had not met standards on the Arizona's Instrument to Measure Standards statewide exam and granted \"alternative school\" (at-risk school) status to the schools.", "Chinese Democracy __knowledge__ Chinese Democracy is the sixth studio album by American hard rock band Guns N' Roses.", "Chinese Democracy __knowledge__ It was released on November 23, 2008, by Geffen Records.", "Chinese Democracy __knowledge__ The album was the band's first studio album since \"\"The Spaghetti Incident?\"\"", "Chinese Democracy __knowledge__ in November 1993, and their first album of original studio material since the simultaneous releases of \"Use Your Illusion I\" and \"II\" in September 1991.", "Chinese Democracy __knowledge__ Although it debuted at number three on the \"Billboard\" 200 and was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), \"Chinese Democracy\" domestically undersold expectations.", "Chinese Democracy __knowledge__ It received generally favorable reviews from music critics.", "University of Wales Trinity Saint David __knowledge__ The University of Wales Trinity Saint David () is a collegiate university operating on three main campuses in South West Wales: in Carmarthen, Lampeter, and Swansea.", "University of Wales Trinity Saint David __knowledge__ The university also has a fourth campus in London, England.", "University of Wales Trinity Saint David __knowledge__ The university came into existence through the merger of the two oldest higher education institutions in Wales, the University of Wales, Lampeter (UWL) and Trinity University College (TUC) in 2010, under Lampeter's royal charter of 1828.", "University of Wales Trinity Saint David __knowledge__ In 2011, it was announced that the University of Wales would also be merged into Trinity Saint David.", "University of Wales Trinity Saint David __knowledge__ On 1 August 2013 the university merged with Swansea Metropolitan University.", "Basis Educational Group __knowledge__ Basis Educational Group, styled BASIS.ed, is a for-profit education management organization based in Tucson, Arizona.", "Basis Educational Group __knowledge__ It serves primarily BASIS Schools, a non-profit charter management organization with offices in the same complex.", "Basis Educational Group __knowledge__ Basis is comprises various companies organized by the regions in which the schools operate: Basis Schools, Inc., BTX Schools, Inc., Basis Washington D.C. (Washington D.C.), and Basis Baton Rouge (Louisiana).", "Basis Educational Group __knowledge__ In 2018, the company claims twenty-five schools and 17,000 students, which matches publicly available enrollment numbers from BASIS Schools.", "Basis Educational Group __knowledge__ In 2015, BASIS Schools had enrolled 12,0140 students.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Black Cultural Association __knowledge__ The Black Cultural Association (BCA) was an African American inmate group founded in 1968 at the California Medical Facility at Vacaville, a California state prison, and formally recognized by prison officials in 1969.", "Black Cultural Association __knowledge__ The primary purpose of the BCA was to provide educational tutoring to inmates, which it did in conjunction with graduate college students from the nearby San Francisco Bay Area.", "Black Cultural Association __knowledge__ Outsiders were allowed to attend meetings of the BCA, and tutors provided remedial and advanced courses in mathematics, reading, writing, art, history, political science, and sociology.", "Black Cultural Association __knowledge__ In time, radical political organizations such as Venceremos infiltrated the BCA, giving rise to BCA factions such as Unisight, which eventually gave birth to the Symbionese Liberation Army.", "Hadaf Educational Group __knowledge__ Hadaf Educational Group (Goruh-e Farhangi-e Hadaf) was a pioneering private educational complex founded in Tehran in 1949-50 by Ahmad Birashk and a number of well-known high school teachers of mathematics and natural sciences, including Ahmad Anwari, Taqi Hurfar, Ali Motemadden and Ahmad Reza qoli-zada.", "Hadaf Educational Group __knowledge__ Hadaf (lit.", "Hadaf Educational Group __knowledge__ goal) was also an acronym for honar (art), danesh (science), and farhang (culture).", "Hadaf Educational Group __knowledge__ The main objective of the Group was to offer high quality education from elementary to high school, comparable to that of American preparatory schools.", "Hadaf Educational Group __knowledge__ Hadaf's first boys high school (Dabirestan-e yak-e pesaran-e Hadaf) was established in 1951.", "Fun Things __knowledge__ The Fun Things were a high energy punk band that was formed during the heyday period of punk rock.", "Fun Things __knowledge__ Known for their admiration of Radio Birdman, they also have been documented as being \"modeled on almost exclusively on the Radio Birdman / Stooges / Sex Pistols mould\".", "Fun Things __knowledge__ Original band members were Brad Shepherd on guitar and vocals, John Hartley on bass guitar, Graeme Beavis on guitar and Murray Shepherd on drums.", "Fun Things __knowledge__ Brad Shepherd and Murray Shepherd were brothers in the band, which released one highly acclaimed E.P.", "Fun Things __knowledge__ and has become \"one of the most collectable artifacts from Australia’s punk rock era\".", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "Lithuania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2014 __knowledge__ Lithuania participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2014 in Copenhagen, Denmark.", "Lithuania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2014 __knowledge__ The Lithuanian entry was selected through \"\"Eurovizijos\" dainų konkurso nacionalinė atranka\", a twelve-week-long national final format, organised by the Lithuanian broadcaster Lithuanian National Radio and Television (LRT).", "Lithuania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2014 __knowledge__ Lithuania was represented by the song \"Attention\", performed by Vilija Matačiūnaitė and written by Vilija Matačiūnaitė and Viktoras Vaupšas.", "Lithuania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2014 __knowledge__ The song failed to qualify from the second semi-final, placing 11th with a score of 36 points.", "Lithuania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2014 __knowledge__ \"Eurovizijos\" dainų konkurso nacionalinė atranka was the national final format developed by LRT in order to select Lithuania's entry for the Eurovision Song Contest 2014.", "World Publishing Company __knowledge__ The World Publishing Company was an American publishing company founded by Alfred H. Cahen.", "World Publishing Company __knowledge__ Originally headquartered in Cleveland, the company later added an office in New York City.", "World Publishing Company __knowledge__ The company published genre fiction, trade paperbacks, children's literature, nonfiction books, textbooks, Bibles, and dictionaries, primarily from 1940 to 1980.", "World Publishing Company __knowledge__ Authors published by World Publishing Company include Ruth Nanda Anshen, Michael Crichton, Simone de Beauvoir, Robert Ludlum, Sam Moskowitz, Ayn Rand, Rex Stout, Gay Talese, and Lin Yutang.", "World Publishing Company __knowledge__ The company's Cleveland headquarters were located in the Caxton Building.", "Super Singer Junior (season 2) __knowledge__ The second season of Airtel Super Singer Junior - \"Thamizhagathin Chellakuralukkana Thedal (the search for the sweet voice of Tamil Nadu)\" premiered on 21 June 2009.", "Super Singer Junior (season 2) __knowledge__ The music competition reality TV show was again telecast on Vijay TV, and Bharti Airtel returned to sponsor the show.", "Super Singer Junior (season 2) __knowledge__ Episodes were telecast between Monday to Thursday each week at 9:00pm.", "Super Singer Junior (season 2) __knowledge__ Children from the age of 6 years to the age of 14 years were permitted to audition to showcase their talent on Vijay TV's platform.", "Super Singer Junior (season 2) __knowledge__ Apart from gaining recognition from acclaimed names of the music industry and being a child singing icon, the show initially promised that its winner would be honored with Rs.25 lakhs in cash prize money.", "Brisbane punk rock __knowledge__ Brisbane punk rock had its main impact between 1975 and 1984 as part of the overall punk rock scene in Australia.", "Brisbane punk rock __knowledge__ According to rock music historian, Ian McFarlane, the Queensland capital provided \"some of the most anarchistic bands\" of that era whilst it was \"arguably the most conservative city\" in the country.", "Brisbane punk rock __knowledge__ The development of the local punk movement differed from other cities because of its relative geographic isolation from other similar trends.", "Brisbane punk rock __knowledge__ The Brisbane scene also received a greater scrutiny by local police where early punk bands formed as \"an obvious backlash to an oppressed society\".", "Folk music of England __knowledge__ The folk music of England is tradition-based music, which has existed since the later medieval period.", "Folk music of England __knowledge__ It is often contrasted with courtly, classical and later commercial music.", "Folk music of England __knowledge__ Folk music has been preserved and transmitted orally, through print and later through recordings.", "Folk music of England __knowledge__ The term is used to refer to English traditional music and music composed, or delivered, in a traditional style.", "Folk music of England __knowledge__ English folk music has produced or contributed to several important musical genres, including sea shanties, jigs, hornpipes and dance music, such as that used for Morris dancing.", "Folk music of England __knowledge__ It can be seen as having distinct regional and local variations in content and style, particularly in areas more removed from the cultural and political centres of the English state, as in Northumbria, or the West Country." ] ]

[ 7, 54, 53, 54 ]

[ "Hi! How are you? I love do draw, do you? It is one of the easiest ways to show ideas in visual form.", "Me too. It reminds me of when I was little. I would draw and listen to the Australian children's group called Hi-5.", "It was when I was a child. It consists of five performers. They teach you with different songs and fun things.", "They were. It was a cool thing they had going. They did the show, but were also recognized as a musical band out side of the show." ]

[ "Drawing", "Drawing", "Drawing", "Drawing" ]

[ "Brunch\nBrunch is my favorite meal out of all.", "Yeah and since I usually don't eat a lot of meals during the day brunch is perfect for someone like me.", "Haha, yeah, that's what most people like about it. I myself don't drink alcohol for my brunch but I've seen people doing it.", "Oh I didn't know this. Do you know anything else about brunch?", "That's quite early, I thought it was a newer thing, it seems to be popular nowadays as well." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Brunch __knowledge__ Brunch is a combination of breakfast and lunch eaten usually during the late morning to early afternoon, generally served from 11am up to 3pm and regularly has some form of alcoholic drink (most usually champagne or a cocktail) served with it.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The word is a portmanteau of \"breakfast\" and \"lunch\".", "Brunch __knowledge__ Brunch originated in England in the late 19th century and became popular in the United States in the 1930s.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The 1896 supplement to the \"Oxford English Dictionary\" cites \"Punch\" magazine which wrote that the term was coined in Britain in 1895 to describe a Sunday meal for \"Saturday-night carousers\" in the writer Guy Beringer's article \"Brunch: A Plea\" in \"Hunter's Weekly\"' It is sometimes credited to reporter Frank Ward O'Malley who wrote for the New York newspaper \"The Sun\" from 1906 until 1919, allegedly based on the typical mid-day eating habits of a newspaper reporter.", "Brunch __knowledge__ Some colleges and hotels serve brunch.", "Brunch __knowledge__ Such brunches are often serve-yourself buffets, but menu-ordered meals may be available instead of, or with, the buffet.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The meal usually involves standard breakfast foods such as eggs, sausages, bacon, ham, fruits, pastries, pancakes, waffles, scones, and the like.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The United States and United Kingdom militaries often serves weekend brunch in the dining facilities.", "Lunch __knowledge__ Lunch, the abbreviation for luncheon, is a meal typically eaten at midday.", "Lunch __knowledge__ The origin of the words \"lunch\" and \"luncheon\" relate to a small snack originally eaten at any time of the day or night.", "Lunch __knowledge__ During the 20th century, the meaning gradually narrowed to a small or mid-sized meal eaten at midday.", "Lunch __knowledge__ Lunch is commonly the second meal of the day, after breakfast.", "Lunch __knowledge__ The meal varies in size depending on the culture, and significant variations exist in different areas of the world.", "Lunch __knowledge__ The abbreviation \"lunch\" is taken from the more formal Northern English word \"luncheon\", which is derived from the Anglo-Saxon word \"nuncheon\" or \"nunchin\" meaning 'noon drink'.", "Buck Owens __knowledge__ Alvis Edgar \"Buck\" Owens Jr. (August 12, 1929 – March 25, 2006) was an American musician, singer, songwriter and band leader who had 21 No.", "Buck Owens __knowledge__ 1 hits on the \"Billboard\" country music charts with his band the Buckaroos.", "Buck Owens __knowledge__ They pioneered what came to be called the Bakersfield sound, a reference to Bakersfield, California, the city Owens called home and from which he drew inspiration for what he preferred to call American music.", "Buck Owens __knowledge__ While Owens originally used fiddle and retained pedal steel guitar into the 1970s, his sound on records and onstage was always more stripped-down and elemental.", "Buck Owens __knowledge__ His signature style was based on simple storylines, infectious choruses, a twangy electric guitar, an insistent rhythm supplied by a drum track placed forward in the mix, and high two-part harmonies featuring Owens and his guitarist Don Rich.", "Jewish cuisine __knowledge__ Jewish cuisine is a diverse collection of cooking traditions of the Jewish people worldwide.", "Jewish cuisine __knowledge__ It has evolved over many centuries, shaped by Jewish dietary laws (kashrut), Jewish Festival, and \"Shabbat\" (Sabbath) traditions.", "Jewish cuisine __knowledge__ Jewish cuisine is influenced by the economics, agriculture, and culinary traditions of the many countries where Jewish communities have settled and varies widely throughout the whole world.", "Jewish cuisine __knowledge__ The distinctive styles in Jewish cuisine are Ashkenazi, Sephardi, Mizrahi, Persian, Yemenite, Indian, and Latin-American.", "Jewish cuisine __knowledge__ There are also dishes from Jewish communities from Ethiopia to Central Asia.", "Merienda __knowledge__ Merienda is a light meal in southern Europe, particularly Spain, Portugal (lanche or merenda), Italy (merenda), Slovenia and Croatia (marenda), as well as Hispanic America and the Philippines.", "Merienda __knowledge__ Usually taken in the afternoon or for brunch, it fills in the meal gap between the noontime meal and the evening meal, being the equivalent of afternoon tea in the English-speaking world; or between breakfast and lunch.", "Merienda __knowledge__ It is a simple meal that often consists of a piece of fruit, cookies, yogurt, and other snacks paired with juice, hot chocolate, coffee, spirits, or other beverages.", "Merienda __knowledge__ It is typical for Chileans, Argentines, Paraguayans and Uruguayans to have \"once\" or \"merienda\" around 5pm, between the midday meal and supper.", "Clinton Street Baking Company &amp; Restaurant __knowledge__ The Clinton Street Baking Company & Restaurant (CSBC) is an American bakery and restaurant.", "Clinton Street Baking Company &amp; Restaurant __knowledge__ It is located at 4 Clinton Street (between East Houston Street and Stanton Street), on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, New York.", "Clinton Street Baking Company &amp; Restaurant __knowledge__ The restaurant is noted especially for its pancakes, its burgers, and its biscuits and other fresh-baked goods.", "Clinton Street Baking Company &amp; Restaurant __knowledge__ In December 2010, \"The New York Times\" described it as a \"brunch magnet,\" and \"The New York Daily News\" said the \"legendary\" dining destination was \"the city's hottest breakfast nook.\"", "Clinton Street Baking Company &amp; Restaurant __knowledge__ \"TIME\" called it a \"cult favorite\".", "Clinton Street Baking Company &amp; Restaurant __knowledge__ In 2011, \"Poor Taste Magazine\" rated it # 1 in its list of the 100 Best Brunch Spots in America.", "Dim sum __knowledge__ Dim sum () is a style of Chinese cuisine (particularly Cantonese but also other varieties) prepared as small bite-sized portions of food served in small steamer baskets or on small plates.", "Dim sum __knowledge__ Dim sum dishes are usually served with tea, and together form a full tea brunch.", "Dim sum __knowledge__ Dim sum traditionally are served as fully cooked, ready-to-serve dishes.", "Dim sum __knowledge__ In Cantonese teahouses, carts with dim sum will be served around the restaurant for diners to order from without leaving their seats.", "Dim sum __knowledge__ The Cantonese tradition of having endless cups of tea and dim sum is also called yum cha (飲茶), which means \"drink tea\" in Cantonese." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Brunch __knowledge__ Brunch is a combination of breakfast and lunch eaten usually during the late morning to early afternoon, generally served from 11am up to 3pm and regularly has some form of alcoholic drink (most usually champagne or a cocktail) served with it.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The word is a portmanteau of \"breakfast\" and \"lunch\".", "Brunch __knowledge__ Brunch originated in England in the late 19th century and became popular in the United States in the 1930s.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The 1896 supplement to the \"Oxford English Dictionary\" cites \"Punch\" magazine which wrote that the term was coined in Britain in 1895 to describe a Sunday meal for \"Saturday-night carousers\" in the writer Guy Beringer's article \"Brunch: A Plea\" in \"Hunter's Weekly\"' It is sometimes credited to reporter Frank Ward O'Malley who wrote for the New York newspaper \"The Sun\" from 1906 until 1919, allegedly based on the typical mid-day eating habits of a newspaper reporter.", "Brunch __knowledge__ Some colleges and hotels serve brunch.", "Brunch __knowledge__ Such brunches are often serve-yourself buffets, but menu-ordered meals may be available instead of, or with, the buffet.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The meal usually involves standard breakfast foods such as eggs, sausages, bacon, ham, fruits, pastries, pancakes, waffles, scones, and the like.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The United States and United Kingdom militaries often serves weekend brunch in the dining facilities.", "Someone like You (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Someone like You\" is a song by British singer Adele.", "Someone like You (Adele song) __knowledge__ It was written by Adele and Dan Wilson for her second studio album, \"21\".", "Someone like You (Adele song) __knowledge__ It is the second single and final track on the album.", "Someone like You (Adele song) __knowledge__ The song was inspired by a broken relationship, and lyrically speaks of Adele's coming to terms with it.", "Someone like You (Adele song) __knowledge__ XL Recordings released the song as the second single from the album on 24 January 2011 in the United Kingdom and on 9 August 2011 in the United States.", "Someone like You (Adele song) __knowledge__ Accompanied only by a piano in the song (played by co-writer Wilson), Adele sings about the end of the relationship with her ex-boyfriend.", "Someone like You (Adele song) __knowledge__ The song received wide acclaim from music critics, who chose the song as a highlight of \"21\" and praised the lyrics, its simple sound and Adele's vocal performance.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ A list of notable characters from the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\" that significantly impacted storylines and debuted between January 2000 and December 2009.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Alex Perez first appeared on November 29, 2000, later becoming the fiancée of Malcolm Winters and lover of his brother, Neil.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ The role, portrayed by Alexia Robinson, was created to fill the void left by Victoria Rowell.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Prior to her debut, the character was only known as \"Erin\".", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ In 2002, it was announced that Robinson was to exit \"The Young and the Restless\" after the expiration of her contract, and departed onscreen on May 9, 2002.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Lunch __knowledge__ Lunch, the abbreviation for luncheon, is a meal typically eaten at midday.", "Lunch __knowledge__ The origin of the words \"lunch\" and \"luncheon\" relate to a small snack originally eaten at any time of the day or night.", "Lunch __knowledge__ During the 20th century, the meaning gradually narrowed to a small or mid-sized meal eaten at midday.", "Lunch __knowledge__ Lunch is commonly the second meal of the day, after breakfast.", "Lunch __knowledge__ The meal varies in size depending on the culture, and significant variations exist in different areas of the world.", "Lunch __knowledge__ The abbreviation \"lunch\" is taken from the more formal Northern English word \"luncheon\", which is derived from the Anglo-Saxon word \"nuncheon\" or \"nunchin\" meaning 'noon drink'.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Congee __knowledge__ Congee or conjee () is a type of rice porridge or gruel popular in many Asian countries, especially East Asia.", "Congee __knowledge__ When eaten as plain rice congee, it is most often served with side dishes.", "Congee __knowledge__ When additional ingredients, such as meat, fish, and flavorings, are added while preparing the congee, it is most often served as a meal on its own, especially for the ill. Names for congee are as varied as the style of its preparation.", "Congee __knowledge__ Despite its many variations, it is usually a thick porridge of rice largely disintegrated after prolonged cooking in water.", "Congee __knowledge__ While congee is a staple breakfast dish in China, it is called \"congee\" only in Guangdong, and is known by other local names such as \"bái zhōu\" (白粥 literally \"white porridge\") in Central and Northern China.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Brunch __knowledge__ Brunch is a combination of breakfast and lunch eaten usually during the late morning to early afternoon, generally served from 11am up to 3pm and regularly has some form of alcoholic drink (most usually champagne or a cocktail) served with it.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The word is a portmanteau of \"breakfast\" and \"lunch\".", "Brunch __knowledge__ Brunch originated in England in the late 19th century and became popular in the United States in the 1930s.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The 1896 supplement to the \"Oxford English Dictionary\" cites \"Punch\" magazine which wrote that the term was coined in Britain in 1895 to describe a Sunday meal for \"Saturday-night carousers\" in the writer Guy Beringer's article \"Brunch: A Plea\" in \"Hunter's Weekly\"' It is sometimes credited to reporter Frank Ward O'Malley who wrote for the New York newspaper \"The Sun\" from 1906 until 1919, allegedly based on the typical mid-day eating habits of a newspaper reporter.", "Brunch __knowledge__ Some colleges and hotels serve brunch.", "Brunch __knowledge__ Such brunches are often serve-yourself buffets, but menu-ordered meals may be available instead of, or with, the buffet.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The meal usually involves standard breakfast foods such as eggs, sausages, bacon, ham, fruits, pastries, pancakes, waffles, scones, and the like.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The United States and United Kingdom militaries often serves weekend brunch in the dining facilities.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ Alcoholism, also known as alcohol use disorder (AUD), is a broad term for any drinking of alcohol that results in mental or physical health problems.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ The disorder was previously divided into two types: alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence.", "Alcoholism __knowledge__ In a medical context, alcoholism is said to exist when two or more of the following conditions is present: a person drinks large amounts over a long time period, has difficulty cutting down, acquiring and drinking alcohol takes up a great deal of time, alcohol is strongly desired, usage results in not fulfilling responsibilities, usage results in social problems, usage results in health problems, usage results in risky situations, withdrawal occurs when stopping, and alcohol tolerance has occurred with use.", "Drinking culture of Korea __knowledge__ South Korea's drinking culture reveals much about its social structure, lifestyle, and traditions.", "Drinking culture of Korea __knowledge__ The beverages themselves are also reflective of the country's geography, climate, and culture.", "Drinking culture of Korea __knowledge__ South Korea's interest in creating its own alcohol came about during the Koryo Dynasty (936–943), when exposure to foreign cultures and the introduction of distilled water created the basis and technique for distilling a unique alcohol.", "Drinking culture of Korea __knowledge__ South Korea has a long tradition of consuming alcohol to celebrate holidays and seasonal events, in which they honor ancestors and exchange goodwill with neighbors and friends.", "Drinking in public __knowledge__ Social customs and laws on drinking alcohol in public vary significantly around the world.", "Drinking in public __knowledge__ \"Public\" in this context refers to outdoor spaces such as roads, walkways or parks, or in a moving vehicle.", "Drinking in public __knowledge__ Drinking in bars, restaurants or stadiums, for example, is not generally considered to be \"in public\" even though those establishments are open to the general public.", "Drinking in public __knowledge__ In some countries, such as India, the United States and in larger regions, such as the Muslim world, public drinking is almost universally condemned or outlawed, while in other countries, such as Portugal, Spain, Germany, New Zealand, Japan and China, public drinking and public intoxication is socially acceptable, although may not be entirely legal.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "Eggnog __knowledge__ Eggnog , egg nog or egg-nog, historically also known (when alcoholic beverages are added) as milk punch or egg milk punch, is a rich, chilled, sweetened, dairy-based beverage.", "Eggnog __knowledge__ It is traditionally made with milk, cream, sugar, whipped egg whites, and egg yolks (which gives it a frothy texture, and its name).", "Eggnog __knowledge__ In some contexts, distilled spirits such as brandy, rum, whisky or bourbon are added to the drink.", "Eggnog __knowledge__ Throughout Canada and the United States, eggnog is traditionally consumed over Christmas season every year, from late November until the end of the holiday season.", "Eggnog __knowledge__ Eggnog has also gained popularity in Australia.", "Alcohol in Australia __knowledge__ Alcohol is commonly consumed and available at pubs and liquor stores in Australia – all of which are private enterprises.", "Alcohol in Australia __knowledge__ Spirits can be purchased at liquor stores and pubs, whereas grocery stores do not sell them, although they may have separate liquor stores on their premises.", "Alcohol in Australia __knowledge__ Alcohol consumption is higher, according to WHO studies, than in most European countries and several Central Asian and African countries, although consumption is just as high in Australia as in North America.", "Alcohol in Australia __knowledge__ After tobacco, alcohol is the second leading preventable cause of death and hospitalisation in Australia.", "Alcohol in Australia __knowledge__ Alcohol is served in many social and recreational situations, and its use is often encouraged.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ The long-term effects of alcohol (also known formally as ethanol) consumption range from cardioprotective health benefits for low to moderate alcohol consumption in industrialized societies with higher rates of cardiovascular disease to severe detrimental effects in cases of chronic alcohol abuse.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ Health effects associated with alcohol intake in large amounts include an increased risk of alcoholism, malnutrition, chronic pancreatitis, alcoholic liver disease and cancer.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ In addition, damage to the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system can occur from chronic alcohol abuse.", "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption __knowledge__ The long-term use of alcohol is capable of damaging nearly every organ and system in the body.", "Drink __knowledge__ A drink or beverage is a liquid intended for human consumption.", "Drink __knowledge__ In addition to their basic function of satisfying thirst, drinks play important roles in human culture.", "Drink __knowledge__ Common types of drinks include plain water, milk, juices, coffee, tea, and soft drinks.", "Drink __knowledge__ In addition, alcoholic drinks such as wine, beer, and liquor, which contain the drug ethanol, have been part of human culture and development for 8,000 years.", "Drink __knowledge__ Non-alcoholic drinks often signify drinks that would normally contain alcohol, such as beer and wine, but are made with less than .5 percent alcohol by volume.", "Drink __knowledge__ The category includes drinks that have undergone an alcohol removal process such as non-alcoholic beers and de-alcoholized wines.", "Alcoholic drink __knowledge__ An alcoholic drink, or alcoholic beverage, is a drink that contains alcohol (ethanol), a depressant which in low doses causes euphoria, reduced anxiety, and sociability and in higher doses causes intoxication (drunkenness), stupor and unconsciousness.", "Alcoholic drink __knowledge__ Long-term use can lead to alcohol abuse, physical dependence, and alcoholism.", "Alcoholic drink __knowledge__ Drinking alcohol plays an important social role in many cultures.", "Alcoholic drink __knowledge__ Most countries have laws regulating the production, sale, and consumption of alcoholic beverages.", "Alcoholic drink __knowledge__ Some countries ban such activities entirely, but alcoholic drinks are legal in most parts of the world.", "Alcoholic drink __knowledge__ The global alcoholic drink industry exceeded $1 trillion in 2014.", "Non-alcoholic drink __knowledge__ Alcohol free, or non-alcoholic drink or beverage, is a non-alcoholic version of an alcoholic drink.", "Non-alcoholic drink __knowledge__ These may take the form of a non-alcoholic mixed drink (a \"virgin drink\"), non-alcoholic beer (\"near beer\") and \"mocktails\", and are widely available where alcoholic drinks are sold.", "Non-alcoholic drink __knowledge__ Labels that state the actual alcohol by volume help citizens from unknowingly becoming inebriated or drunk drivers.", "Non-alcoholic drink __knowledge__ Sparkling apple cider, soft drinks, and juice naturally contain trace amounts or no alcohol.", "Non-alcoholic drink __knowledge__ Some fresh orange juices are above the UK 'alcohol free' limit of 0.05% ABV, as are some yogurts and rye bread.", "Caffeinated alcoholic drink __knowledge__ A caffeinated alcoholic drink, or caffeinated alcoholic beverage, is a drink that contains both alcohol (also known formally as ethanol) and caffeine.", "Caffeinated alcoholic drink __knowledge__ They often include the ingredients of energy drinks as well.", "Caffeinated alcoholic drink __knowledge__ In 2010 and 2011, this type of beverage faced criticism for posing health risks to their drinkers.", "Caffeinated alcoholic drink __knowledge__ In some places there is a ban on caffeinated alcoholic beverages.", "Caffeinated alcoholic drink __knowledge__ Energy drinks are beverages that contain high doses of caffeine and an assortment of ingredients, such as, The counteracting effects of caffeine and alcohol often causes the consumer to drink more than they normally would because of the delayed \"drunk\" feeling, as caffeine can mask some of the sensory cues individuals might normally rely on to determine their level of intoxication.", "List of drinks __knowledge__ Drinks are liquids that can be consumed.", "List of drinks __knowledge__ In addition to basic needs, drinks form part of the culture of human society.", "List of drinks __knowledge__ In a commercial setting, drinks, other than water, may be termed beverages.", "List of drinks __knowledge__ Note: due to the high number of drinks in existence, this article is limited to being organized categorically, based upon the main subcategories within the category page, along with information about primary topics and list article links.", "List of drinks __knowledge__ – An alcoholic drink is a drink containing ethanol, commonly known as alcohol, although in chemistry the definition of an alcohol includes many other compounds.", "List of drinks __knowledge__ Alcoholic drinks, such as wine, beer, and liquor have been part of human culture and development for 8,000 years.", "History of alcoholic drinks __knowledge__ Purposeful production of alcoholic drinks is common and often reflects cultural and religious peculiarities as much as geographical and sociological conditions.", "History of alcoholic drinks __knowledge__ Discovery of late Stone Age jugs suggest that intentionally fermented beverages existed at least as early as the Neolithic period (c. 10000 BC).", "History of alcoholic drinks __knowledge__ Chemical analysis of jars from the neolithic village Jiahu in the Henan province of northern China revealed traces of alcohol that were absorbed and preserved.", "History of alcoholic drinks __knowledge__ According to a study published in the \"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences\", chemical analysis of the residue confirmed that a fermented drink made of grapes, hawthorn berries, honey, and rice was being produced in 7000–6650 BC.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ Moonshine is a generic term for distilled alcoholic beverages made throughout the globe from indigenous ingredients reflecting the customs, tastes, and raw materials for fermentation available in each region.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ The term commonly applies to small-scale production, which is often illegal or tightly regulated in many countries.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ Zarbali is a moonshine still, a type of distilled alcoholic beverage supposedly made from fermented raisins.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ In Albania, moonshine (Raki) is the primary alcoholic beverage consumed on daily basis.", "Moonshine by country __knowledge__ It is made from different fruits, usually grapes, but also plums, apples, blackberries, and walnuts." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Brunch __knowledge__ Brunch is a combination of breakfast and lunch eaten usually during the late morning to early afternoon, generally served from 11am up to 3pm and regularly has some form of alcoholic drink (most usually champagne or a cocktail) served with it.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The word is a portmanteau of \"breakfast\" and \"lunch\".", "Brunch __knowledge__ Brunch originated in England in the late 19th century and became popular in the United States in the 1930s.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The 1896 supplement to the \"Oxford English Dictionary\" cites \"Punch\" magazine which wrote that the term was coined in Britain in 1895 to describe a Sunday meal for \"Saturday-night carousers\" in the writer Guy Beringer's article \"Brunch: A Plea\" in \"Hunter's Weekly\"' It is sometimes credited to reporter Frank Ward O'Malley who wrote for the New York newspaper \"The Sun\" from 1906 until 1919, allegedly based on the typical mid-day eating habits of a newspaper reporter.", "Brunch __knowledge__ Some colleges and hotels serve brunch.", "Brunch __knowledge__ Such brunches are often serve-yourself buffets, but menu-ordered meals may be available instead of, or with, the buffet.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The meal usually involves standard breakfast foods such as eggs, sausages, bacon, ham, fruits, pastries, pancakes, waffles, scones, and the like.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The United States and United Kingdom militaries often serves weekend brunch in the dining facilities.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series The Boys, created by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The Boys are a CIA black ops team, initially created by Col. Greg Mallory to manage, police, and sometimes liquidate Vought-American's superhumans.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ While this is in part to help protect normal humans from the actions of the largely out of control \"supes,\" this is also to ensure that the company lack the stability or the platform to push the use of superhumans in national defense.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ Over time, however, the team's focus was changed, due to Butcher's increased influence, from one of management and containment to one of direct confrontation.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John Lawrence McKenzie (October 9, 1910 – March 2, 1991) was born on October 9, 1910, in Brazil, Indiana, the first of the six children of Myra (Daly) and Harry McKenzie.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie became the premier Catholic Biblical scholar of the mid-twentieth century; indeed, John Courtney Murray, SJ, wrote that John McKenzie was \"the best Catholic theologian he knew of in the United States.\"", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie was interested in the Jesuits from an early age.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ At some significant sacrifice to his family, he was enrolled in a Jesuit boarding high school in St. Mary’s, Kansas, where he came first in his class three out of his four years there.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"You Don't Know Anything\" is a song by American indie rock band Ivy.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ It was released by Atlantic Records on April 29, 1999 as the fourth and final single from their second studio album, \"Apartment Life\" (1997).", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The single was made available exclusively in Europe and featured the same two B-sides as previous single, \"This Is the Day\", which had been released by 550 Music in Austria.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The track was written by Dominique Durand, Adam Schlesinger and Andy Chase while production was handled by the latter two and Peter Nashel.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ Released alongside \"This Is the Day\", \"You Don't Know Anything\" received promotion by Atlantic Records after the former track was included on the soundtrack for the 1998 film, \"There's Something About Mary\".", "Chitto Harjo __knowledge__ Chitto Harjo (also known as Crazy Snake, Wilson Jones, Bill Jones, Bill Snake, and Bill Harjo; 1846–1911) was a leader and orator among the traditionalists in the Muscogee Creek Nation in Indian Territory at the turn of the 20th century.", "Chitto Harjo __knowledge__ He resisted changes which the US government and local leaders wanted to impose to achieve statehood for what became Oklahoma.", "Chitto Harjo __knowledge__ These included extinguishing tribal governments and civic institutions and breaking up communal lands into allotments to individual households, with United States sales of the \"surplus\" to European-American and other settlers.", "Chitto Harjo __knowledge__ He was the leader of the Crazy Snake Rebellion on March 25, 1909 in Oklahoma.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "List of brunch foods __knowledge__ This is a list of brunch foods and dishes.", "List of brunch foods __knowledge__ Brunch is a combination of breakfast and lunch eaten usually during the late morning but it can extend to as late as 3 pm.", "List of brunch foods __knowledge__ The word is a portmanteau of \"breakfast\" and \"lunch\".", "List of brunch foods __knowledge__ Brunch originated in England in the late 1800s, served in a buffet style manner, and became popular in the United States in the 1930s.", "List of brunch foods __knowledge__ The following foods are often served for brunch.", "List of brunch foods __knowledge__ The following beverages are often served for brunch.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ This article is about the important technologies that have historically increased productivity.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity in general is a ratio of output to input in the production of goods and services.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity is increased by lowering the amount of labor, capital, energy or materials that go into producing any given amount of economic goods and services.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Increases in productivity are largely responsible for the increase in per capita living standards.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Productivity improving technologies date back to antiquity, with rather slow progress until the late Middle Ages.", "Productivity improving technologies __knowledge__ Important examples of early to medieval European technology include the water wheel, the horse collar, the spinning wheel, the three-field system (after 1500 the four-field system—see Crop rotation) and the blast furnace.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were British.", "United Kingdom __knowledge__ The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe.", "United Kingdom __knowledge__ Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, the UK includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands.", "United Kingdom __knowledge__ Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland.", "United Kingdom __knowledge__ Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to its east, the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Brunch __knowledge__ Brunch is a combination of breakfast and lunch eaten usually during the late morning to early afternoon, generally served from 11am up to 3pm and regularly has some form of alcoholic drink (most usually champagne or a cocktail) served with it.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The word is a portmanteau of \"breakfast\" and \"lunch\".", "Brunch __knowledge__ Brunch originated in England in the late 19th century and became popular in the United States in the 1930s.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The 1896 supplement to the \"Oxford English Dictionary\" cites \"Punch\" magazine which wrote that the term was coined in Britain in 1895 to describe a Sunday meal for \"Saturday-night carousers\" in the writer Guy Beringer's article \"Brunch: A Plea\" in \"Hunter's Weekly\"' It is sometimes credited to reporter Frank Ward O'Malley who wrote for the New York newspaper \"The Sun\" from 1906 until 1919, allegedly based on the typical mid-day eating habits of a newspaper reporter.", "Brunch __knowledge__ Some colleges and hotels serve brunch.", "Brunch __knowledge__ Such brunches are often serve-yourself buffets, but menu-ordered meals may be available instead of, or with, the buffet.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The meal usually involves standard breakfast foods such as eggs, sausages, bacon, ham, fruits, pastries, pancakes, waffles, scones, and the like.", "Brunch __knowledge__ The United States and United Kingdom militaries often serves weekend brunch in the dining facilities.", "The Malachite Box __knowledge__ The Malachite Box or The Malachite Casket () is a book of fairy tales and folk tales (also known as \"skaz\") of the Ural region of Siberia compiled by Pavel Bazhov and published from 1936 to 1945.", "The Malachite Box __knowledge__ It is written in contemporary language and blends elements of everyday life with fantastic characters.", "The Malachite Box __knowledge__ It was awarded the Stalin prize in 1942.", "The Malachite Box __knowledge__ Bazhov's stories are based on the oral lore of the miners and gold prospectors.", "The Malachite Box __knowledge__ The first edition of \"The Malachite Box\" was released on 28 January 1939.", "The Malachite Box __knowledge__ It consisted of 14 stories and an introduction, which contained some information about the life, industry and culture of the Urals and which the author tried to include into every edition of the collection.", "Sankt Julian __knowledge__ Sankt Julian (often rendered St. Julian) is an \"Ortsgemeinde\" – a municipality belonging to a \"Verbandsgemeinde\", a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.", "Sankt Julian __knowledge__ It belongs to the \"Verbandsgemeinde\" Lauterecken-Wolfstein.", "Sankt Julian __knowledge__ The municipality lies on the river Glan in the Western Palatinate.", "Sankt Julian __knowledge__ The municipality’s main centre, likewise called Sankt Julian, lies in the Glan valley, mainly on the river’s left bank and on both sides of \"Bundesstraße\" 420, while over on the right bank, a new, smaller neighbourhood has arisen.", "Sankt Julian __knowledge__ Also standing there are the school, the kindergarten and the \"Museumsmühle\" (“Museum Mill”).", "Dylan Thomas __knowledge__ Dylan Marlais Thomas (27 October 1914 – 9 November 1953) was a Welsh poet and writer whose works include the poems \"Do not go gentle into that good night\" and \"And death shall have no dominion\"; the 'play for voices' \"Under Milk Wood\"; and stories and radio broadcasts such as \"A Child's Christmas in Wales\" and \"Portrait of the Artist as a Young Dog\".", "Dylan Thomas __knowledge__ He became widely popular in his lifetime and remained so after his premature death at the age of 39 in New York City.", "Dylan Thomas __knowledge__ By then he had acquired a reputation, which he had encouraged, as a \"roistering, drunken and doomed poet\".", "Dylan Thomas __knowledge__ Thomas was born in Swansea, Wales, in 1914.", "Søren Kierkegaard __knowledge__ Søren Aabye Kierkegaard ( or ; ; 5 May 1813 – 11 November 1855) was a Danish philosopher, theologian, poet, social critic and religious author who is widely considered to be the first existentialist philosopher.", "Søren Kierkegaard __knowledge__ He wrote critical texts on organized religion, Christendom, morality, ethics, psychology, and the philosophy of religion, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony and parables.", "Søren Kierkegaard __knowledge__ Much of his philosophical work deals with the issues of how one lives as a \"single individual\", giving priority to concrete human reality over abstract thinking and highlighting the importance of personal choice and commitment.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ The evolution of plants has resulted in widely varying levels of complexity, from the earliest algal mats, through bryophytes, lycopods, and ferns, to the complex gymnosperms and angiosperms of today.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ While many of the groups which appeared earlier continue to thrive, as exemplified by algal dominance in marine environments, more recently derived groups have also displaced previously ecologically dominant ones, e.g.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ the ascendance of flowering plants over gymnosperms in terrestrial environments.", "Evolutionary history of plants __knowledge__ Evidence for the appearance of the first land plants occurs in the Ordovician, around , in the form of fossil spores.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The value-form or form of value () is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, Marxism and post-Marxism.", "Value-form __knowledge__ It refers to the \"social form\" of a commodity (any product traded in markets) as a symbol of value, which contrasts with its physical features, as a product which can satisfy some human need.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The physical appearance of a commodity is directly observable, but the meaning of its social form is not.", "Value-form __knowledge__ Narrating the paradoxical oddities and metaphysical niceties of ordinary things when they become instruments of trade, Marx seeks to provide a brief morphology of the category of economic value as such - what its substance really is, the forms which this substance takes, and how its magnitude is determined or expressed.", "Gabrielle de Coignard __knowledge__ Gabrielle de Coignard (1550?–1586) was a Toulousaine devotional poet in 16th century France.", "Gabrielle de Coignard __knowledge__ She is most well known for her posthumously published book of religious poetry, \"Oeuvres chrétiennes\" (\"Christian Works\"), and her marriage into the prominent political family of Toulousain president Jean de Mansencal in 1570.", "Gabrielle de Coignard __knowledge__ Though her exact date of birth is unknown, her death at the age of 36 in November 1586 provides 1550 as the likely year of her birth.", "Gabrielle de Coignard __knowledge__ Her father, Jean de Coignard, was a prominent member of the elite literary society of Toulouse during the mid-16th century, acting as maître for the prestigious Académie des Jeux Floraux.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "2000s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 2000s.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ The 2000s saw the creation or emergence of a few styles, such as indie-related genres such as Emo, Alternative R&B, and a multitude of new electronic subgenres, most notably Dubstep, Bass music and Moombahton, as well as genres that fused influences from past decades, mostly the 80s, into creating new styles such as Nu-disco and Hypnagogic pop.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ In fact convergence of different styles was one of the more defining features of the decade, as seen with the creation and commercial success of the British Grime genre and Trap music and Chillwave in the United States.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ The technological and industrial history of Canada encompasses the country's development in the areas of transportation, communication, energy, materials, public works, public services (health care), domestic/consumer and defence technologies.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ The terms chosen for the \"age\" described below are both literal and metaphorical.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ They describe the technology that dominated the period of time in question but are also representative of a large number of other technologies introduced during the same period.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ Also of note is the fact that the period of diffusion of a technology can begin modestly and can extend well beyond the \"age\" of its introduction.", "J-pop __knowledge__ J-pop (often stylized as J-POP; \"jeipoppu\"; an abbreviation for Japanese pop), natively also known simply as pops, is a musical genre that entered the musical mainstream of Japan in the 1990s.", "J-pop __knowledge__ Modern J-pop has its roots in traditional Japanese music, but significantly in 1960s pop and rock music, such as The Beatles and The Beach Boys, which led to Japanese rock bands such as Happy End fusing rock with Japanese music in the early 1970s.", "J-pop __knowledge__ J-pop was further defined by new wave groups in the late 1970s, particularly electronic synth-pop band Yellow Magic Orchestra and pop rock band Southern All Stars.", "Fashion and clothing in the Philippines __knowledge__ Fashion and clothing in the Philippines refers to the way the people of Filipino society dress up in instances such as while they are at home, at work, travelling and when attending special occasions.", "Fashion and clothing in the Philippines __knowledge__ The clothing style and fashion sense of the Filipinos in the modern-day era have been influenced by their native ancestors: their Spanish colonizers (the Philippines was a colony of the Spanish Empire for around 300 years), the Americans (the Philippines was a territory of the United States for about 50 years), and even the Japanese (Japanese soldiers occupied the Philippines during World War II), as evidenced by the chronology of events that occurred in Philippine history." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 3, 3, 6 ]

[ "Brunch is great. It is the combination of breakfast and lunch usually eaten during the late morning.", "Brunch usually has alcoholic drinks such as a champagne or cocktail. No wonder it is so popular.", "Brunch originated in England in the late 19th century.", "Yeah it became popular in the United States in the 1930s.", "Brunches are often in a buffet format but there are also menu-ordered brunches." ]

[ "Brunch", "Brunch", "Brunch", "Brunch", "Brunch" ]

[ "Brewery", "I do have an interest in brewiers.", "Where do you live?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery or brewing company is a business that makes and sells beer.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The place at which beer is commercially made is either called a brewery or a beerhouse, where distinct sets of brewing equipment are called plant.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The commercial brewing of beer has taken place since at least 2500 BC; in ancient Mesopotamia, brewers derived social sanction and divine protection from the goddess Ninkasi.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Brewing was initially a cottage industry, with production taking place at home; by the ninth century monasteries and farms would produce beer on a larger scale, selling the excess; and by the eleventh and twelfth centuries larger, dedicated breweries with eight to ten workers were being built.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The diversity of size in breweries is matched by the diversity of processes, degrees of automation, and kinds of beer produced in breweries.", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery is typically divided into distinct sections, with each section reserved for one part of the brewing process.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Beer may have been known in Neolithic Europe and was mainly brewed on a domestic scale.", "Brewery __knowledge__ In some form, it can be traced back almost 5000 years to Mesopotamian writings describing daily rations of beer and bread to workers.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Before the rise of production breweries, the production of beer took place at home and was the domain of women, as baking and brewing were seen as \"women's work\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery or brewing company is a business that makes and sells beer.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The place at which beer is commercially made is either called a brewery or a beerhouse, where distinct sets of brewing equipment are called plant.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The commercial brewing of beer has taken place since at least 2500 BC; in ancient Mesopotamia, brewers derived social sanction and divine protection from the goddess Ninkasi.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Brewing was initially a cottage industry, with production taking place at home; by the ninth century monasteries and farms would produce beer on a larger scale, selling the excess; and by the eleventh and twelfth centuries larger, dedicated breweries with eight to ten workers were being built.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The diversity of size in breweries is matched by the diversity of processes, degrees of automation, and kinds of beer produced in breweries.", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery is typically divided into distinct sections, with each section reserved for one part of the brewing process.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Beer may have been known in Neolithic Europe and was mainly brewed on a domestic scale.", "Brewery __knowledge__ In some form, it can be traced back almost 5000 years to Mesopotamian writings describing daily rations of beer and bread to workers.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Before the rise of production breweries, the production of beer took place at home and was the domain of women, as baking and brewing were seen as \"women's work\".", "Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen __knowledge__ Baron Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen (birth name Georg Zakarias Forsman, author name Yrjö Koskinen, 10 December 1830 in Vaasa – 13 November 1903 in Helsinki) was a friherre, senator, professor, historian, politician and the chairman of the Finnish Party after Johan Vilhelm Snellman.", "Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen __knowledge__ He was a central figure in the fennoman movement.", "Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen __knowledge__ His original name was Georg Zakarias Forsman and his family from his father's side originated from Sweden.", "Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen __knowledge__ He later fennicized his name to Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen.", "Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen __knowledge__ He is buried in the Hietaniemi Cemetery in Helsinki.", "Aarno Yrjö-Koskinen __knowledge__ Aarno Armas Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen (9 December 1885, Helsinki – 8 June 1951, Helsinki) was a Finnish politician, Envoy and freiherr.", "Aarno Yrjö-Koskinen __knowledge__ He graduated as jurist and received the title varatuomari in 1915.", "Aarno Yrjö-Koskinen __knowledge__ After the Finnish independence in 1917, Yrjö-Koskinen served under the Ministry for Foreign Affairs as Chief of political division from 1924 and Chief of staff from 1929.", "Aarno Yrjö-Koskinen __knowledge__ He worked as an Envoy in Moscow between 1 January 1931 and 8 April 1940 .", "Aarno Yrjö-Koskinen __knowledge__ Yrjö-Koskinen also served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs between 21 March 1931 and 15 December 1932.", "Aarno Yrjö-Koskinen __knowledge__ During his ministry Yrjö-Koskinen signed on behalf of Finland the Soviet–Finnish Non-Aggression Pact with the Soviet Union.", "1962 Burmese coup d'état __knowledge__ The 1962 Burmese coup d'état on 2 March 1962 marked the beginning of totalitarian rule and the political dominance of the army in Burma (now Myanmar) which spanned the course of 26 years.", "1962 Burmese coup d'état __knowledge__ In the coup, the military replaced the civilian AFPFL-government, headed by Prime Minister U Nu, with the Union Revolutionary Council, Chaired by General Ne Win.", "1962 Burmese coup d'état __knowledge__ In the first 12 years following the coup, the country was ruled under martial law, and saw a significant expansion in the military's role in the national economy, politics, and state bureaucracy.", "1962 Burmese coup d'état __knowledge__ Following the constitution of 1974, the Revolutionary Council handed over power to the elected government, consisting of a single-party, the Burma Socialist Programme Party, which had been founded by the council in 1962.", "Per Capita __knowledge__ Per Capita is an independent progressive Australian think tank.", "Per Capita __knowledge__ The think tank was launched on 11 April 2007 by Will Marshall of the US Progressive Policy Institute and Patrick Diamond of the UK’s Policy Network.", "Per Capita __knowledge__ As a progressive, centre-left think tank, Per Capita's approach is to view the role of government as a market designer: setting parameters for a liberal economy to produce better social outcomes.", "Per Capita __knowledge__ Per Capita's thinking draws on market design theory, full-cost economics, behavioural economics, and political philosophy.", "Per Capita __knowledge__ Per Capita is recognised as a leading think tank of the centre-left in Australia, with a more centrist orientation than counterparts such as the Australia Institute and the Centre for Policy Development.", "Wild Beasts Trust __knowledge__ The Wild Beasts Trust is an endangered species enthusiast movement who, in September 2006, declared their intentions to reintroduce numerous nationally extinct species back into the wild in the United Kingdom.", "Wild Beasts Trust __knowledge__ In part their actions were motivated by a desire to return the British countryside to its original setting.", "Wild Beasts Trust __knowledge__ Although woodlands were returning, The Wild Beasts Trust saw the picture as half complete without their original inhabitants.", "Wild Beasts Trust __knowledge__ The group wanted increased hunting and food potentials for the countryside.", "Wild Beasts Trust __knowledge__ Spokesperson for The Wild Beasts Trust Peter Clarke, a landowner and former Conservative Party candidate, wrote that, \"Our candidate species for rebuilding the habitat range from the grey whale to the dormouse, carnivore to herbivore.", "Arab diaspora __knowledge__ Arab diaspora refers to descendants of the Arab immigrants who, voluntarily or as refugees, emigrated from their native lands to non-Arab countries, primarily in South America, Europe, North America, and parts of South Asia, Southeast Asia, the Caribbean, and West Africa.", "Arab diaspora __knowledge__ According to the International Organization for Migration, there are 13 million, of which 5.8 million reside in Arab countries.", "Arab diaspora __knowledge__ Arab expatriates contribute to the circulation of financial and human capital in the region and thus significantly promote regional development.", "Arab diaspora __knowledge__ In 2009 Arab countries received a total of 35.1 billion USD in remittance in-flows and remittances sent to Jordan, Egypt and Lebanon from other Arab countries are 40 to 190 per cent higher than trade revenues between these and other Arab countries.", "Dorin Damir __knowledge__ Dorin Damir (; born 20 March 1972) is the vice president of the Judo Federation of Moldova (2005 - 2012), the president of the Fighting & Entertainment Association of Moldova (FEA), the president of the Moldovan Amateur K-1 Federation (WAK-1F Moldova), vice president of the World Amateur K-1 Federation, WAK-1F, and a businessman.", "Dorin Damir __knowledge__ Dorin is the president of the Fighting & Entertainment Association of Moldova (FEA), president of the Moldovan Amateur K-1 Federation of (WAK-1F Moldova), vice president of the World Amateur K-1 Federation, (WAK-1F).", "Dorin Damir __knowledge__ In 1987, he finished high school.", "Dorin Damir __knowledge__ In 1991, he graduated from college and entered the National Police Academy.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Beer in England has been brewed for hundreds of years.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ As a beer brewing country, England is known for its top fermented cask beer (also called real ale) which finishes maturing in the cellar of the pub rather than at the brewery and is served with only natural carbonation.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ English beer styles include bitter, mild, brown ale and old ale.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Stout, porter and India Pale Ale were also originally brewed in London.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Lager style beer has increased considerably in popularity since the mid 20th century.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Other modern developments include consolidation of large brewers into multinational corporations; growth of beer consumerism; expansion of microbreweries and increased interest in bottle conditioned beers.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ Beer in Canada was introduced by European settlers in the seventeenth century.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The first commercial brewery was La Brasseries due Roy [sic] started by New France Intendant Jean Talon, in Québec City in 1668.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ Many commercial brewers thrived until Prohibition in Canada.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The provincial and federal governments' attempt to eliminate \"intoxicating\" beverages led to the closing of nearly three quarters of breweries between 1878 and 1928.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ It was only in the second half of the twentieth century that a significant number of new breweries opened up.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The Canadian Beer industry now plays an important role in Canadian identity, though globalization of the brewing industry has seen the major players in Canada acquired by, or merged with, foreign companies, notably its three largest beer producers, Labatt, Molson and Sleeman.", "Microbrewery __knowledge__ A microbrewery or craft brewery is a brewery that produces small amounts of beer (or sometimes root beer), typically much smaller than large-scale corporate breweries, and is independently owned.", "Microbrewery __knowledge__ Such breweries are generally characterized by their emphasis on quality, flavour and brewing technique.", "Microbrewery __knowledge__ The microbrewing movement began in the United Kingdom in the 1970s although traditional artisanal brewing existed in Europe for centuries and subsequently spread to other countries.", "Microbrewery __knowledge__ As the movement grew and some breweries expanded their production and distribution, the more encompassing concept of craft brewing emerged.", "Beer in the United States __knowledge__ Beer in the United States is manufactured by more than 3,000 breweries, which range in size from industry giants to brew pubs and microbreweries.", "Beer in the United States __knowledge__ The United States produced 196 million barrels () of beer in 2012, and consumes roughly of beer per capita annually.", "Beer in the United States __knowledge__ In 2011, the United States was ranked fifteenth in the world in per capita consumption, while total consumption was second only to China.", "Beer in the United States __knowledge__ Although beer was a part of colonial life in the United States, the passing of the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1919 resulted in the prohibition of alcoholic beverage sales, forcing nearly all American breweries to close or switch to producing non-alcoholic products.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is one of the oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic drinks in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is brewed from cereal grains—most commonly from malted barley, though wheat, maize (corn), and rice are also used.", "Beer __knowledge__ During the brewing process, fermentation of the starch sugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the resulting beer.", "Beer __knowledge__ Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilizing agent.", "Beer __knowledge__ Other flavouring agents such as gruit, herbs, or fruits may be included or used instead of hops.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Brewing is the production of beer by steeping a starch source (commonly cereal grains, the most popular of which is barley) in water and fermenting the resulting sweet liquid with yeast.", "Brewing __knowledge__ It may be done in a brewery by a commercial brewer, at home by a homebrewer, or by a variety of traditional methods such as communally by the indigenous peoples in Brazil when making cauim.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Brewing has taken place since around the 6th millennium BC, and archaeological evidence suggests that emerging civilizations including ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia brewed beer.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Since the nineteenth century the brewing industry has been part of most western economies." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery or brewing company is a business that makes and sells beer.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The place at which beer is commercially made is either called a brewery or a beerhouse, where distinct sets of brewing equipment are called plant.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The commercial brewing of beer has taken place since at least 2500 BC; in ancient Mesopotamia, brewers derived social sanction and divine protection from the goddess Ninkasi.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Brewing was initially a cottage industry, with production taking place at home; by the ninth century monasteries and farms would produce beer on a larger scale, selling the excess; and by the eleventh and twelfth centuries larger, dedicated breweries with eight to ten workers were being built.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The diversity of size in breweries is matched by the diversity of processes, degrees of automation, and kinds of beer produced in breweries.", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery is typically divided into distinct sections, with each section reserved for one part of the brewing process.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Beer may have been known in Neolithic Europe and was mainly brewed on a domestic scale.", "Brewery __knowledge__ In some form, it can be traced back almost 5000 years to Mesopotamian writings describing daily rations of beer and bread to workers.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Before the rise of production breweries, the production of beer took place at home and was the domain of women, as baking and brewing were seen as \"women's work\".", "Windows Live Messenger __knowledge__ Windows Live Messenger (formerly MSN Messenger) is a discontinued instant messaging client developed by Microsoft for Windows, Xbox 360, BlackBerry OS, iOS, Java ME, S60 on Symbian OS 9.x, and Zune HD.", "Windows Live Messenger __knowledge__ It connected to the Microsoft Messenger service while also having compatibility with Yahoo!", "Windows Live Messenger __knowledge__ Messenger and Facebook Messenger.", "Windows Live Messenger __knowledge__ The client was first released as MSN Messenger on July 22, 1999, and was marketed under the MSN branding until 2005 when it was rebranded under Windows Live and has since been officially known by its present name, although its previous name was still used colloquially by most of its users.", "One Life to Live __knowledge__ One Life to Live (often abbreviated as OLTL) is an American soap opera broadcast on the ABC television network for more than 43 years, from July 15, 1968, to January 13, 2012, and then on the internet as a web series on Hulu and iTunes via The Online Network from April 29 to August 19, 2013.", "One Life to Live __knowledge__ Created by Agnes Nixon, the series was the first daytime drama to primarily feature ethnically and socioeconomically diverse characters and consistently emphasize social issues.", "One Life to Live __knowledge__ \"One Life to Live\" was expanded from 30 minutes to 45 minutes on July 26, 1976, and then to an hour on January 16, 1978.", "One Life to Live __knowledge__ \"One Life to Live\" heavily focuses on the members and relationships of the Lord family.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Xbox Live is an online multiplayer gaming and digital media delivery service created and operated by Microsoft.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ It was first made available to the Xbox system in November 2002.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ An updated version of the service became available for the Xbox 360 console at the system's launch in November 2005, and a further enhanced version was released in 2013 with the Xbox One.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ The service was extended in 2007 on the Windows platform, named Games for Windows – Live, which makes most aspects of the system available on Windows computers.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Microsoft has announced plans to extend Live to other platforms such as handhelds and mobile phones as part of the Live Anywhere initiative.", "Live television __knowledge__ Live television is a television production broadcast in real-time, as events happen, in the present.", "Live television __knowledge__ In a secondary meaning, it may refer to streaming television over the internet.", "Live television __knowledge__ In most cases live programming is not being recorded as it is shown on TV, but rather was not rehearsed or edited and is being shown only as it was recorded prior to being aired.", "Live television __knowledge__ Shows broadcast live include newscasts, morning shows, awards shows, sports programs, and, occasionally, episodes of television series.", "Live television __knowledge__ Live television was more common until the late 1950s, when videotape technology was invented.", "Live television __knowledge__ Because of the prohibitive cost, adoption was slow, and some television shows remained live until the 1970s, such as soap operas.", "List of The Voice of Greece finalists (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of the talent show The Voice of Greece began broadcasting on January 10, 2014.", "List of The Voice of Greece finalists (season 1) __knowledge__ The coaches were Michalis Kouinelis, Despina Vandi, Antonis Remos and Melina Aslanidou.", "List of The Voice of Greece finalists (season 1) __knowledge__ Each coach chose their finalists for the live shows through the blind auditions and the battles.", "List of The Voice of Greece finalists (season 1) __knowledge__ During the blind auditions, the coaches selected their 16 artists while in the battles half of the artists were eliminating leaving a number of 8 acts for each coach.", "List of The Voice of Greece finalists (season 1) __knowledge__ The show was won by Maria Elena Kiriakou, mentored by Despina Vandi, who took the record deal with Universal Music Greece, with Areti Kosmidou and Lefteris Kintatos becoming the joint runners-up (mentored by Michalis Kouinelis and Antonis Remos respectively).", "Live preview __knowledge__ Live preview is a feature that allows a digital camera's display screen to be used as a viewfinder.", "Live preview __knowledge__ This provides a means of previewing framing and other exposure before taking the photograph.", "Live preview __knowledge__ In most such cameras, the preview is generated by means of continuously and directly projecting the image formed by the lens onto the main image sensor.", "Live preview __knowledge__ This in turn feeds the electronic screen with the live preview image.", "Live preview __knowledge__ The electronic screen can be either a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an electronic viewfinder (EVF).", "Live preview __knowledge__ The concept for cameras with live preview largely derives from electronic (video) TV cameras.", "Windows Live Mesh __knowledge__ Windows Live Mesh (formerly known as \"Windows Live FolderShare\", \"Live Mesh\", and \"Windows Live Sync\") was a free-to-use Internet-based file synchronization application by Microsoft designed to allow files and folders between two or more computers to be in sync with each other on Windows (Vista and later) and Mac OS X (v. 10.5 Leopard and later, Intel processors only) computers or the Web via SkyDrive.", "Windows Live Mesh __knowledge__ Windows Live Mesh also enabled remote desktop access via the Internet.", "Windows Live Mesh __knowledge__ Windows Live Mesh was part of the Windows Live Essentials 2011 suite of software.", "Windows Live Mesh __knowledge__ However this application was replaced by SkyDrive for Windows application in Windows Essentials 2012 and later OneDrive in Windows 8/8.1/10.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ Good Game is an Australian television gaming programme produced by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), which aired on ABC2.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ Created by Janet Carr, Jeremy Ray and Michael Makowski.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ The show began in 2006 and includes a mix of gaming news, reviews, and features.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ The original hosts were Jeremy \"Junglist\" Ray and Michael \"Kapowski\" Makowski; the latter was replaced by Steven \"Bajo\" O'Donnell in 2007, and the former was replaced by Stephanie \"Hex\" Bendixsen in 2009.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ Other on screen presenters included field reporter Gus \"Goose\" Ronald and Dave Callan.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ The show is named after the friendly phrase gamers traditionally say after completing a competitive match.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\"." ] ]

[ 2, 59, 9 ]

[ "So, interested at all in breweries? I'm a financial analyst for one and I help with the equipment that makes the beer commercially!", "Yeah, it was kind of hard not for me to get into them. We're surrounded by them where I live, especially since there's like 3,000 of them in the US", "Milwaukee! Yeah, my dad thought I was crazy when I said I wanted to get into them. I'm glad it's changed from the old days where only women worked in them while they baked and made beer." ]

[ "Brewery", "Brewery", "Brewery" ]

[ "Sunset\nI like watching sunsets sometimes. Do you?", "I do prefer that time of day. What do you like about it in particular?", "Do you pay attention to it often?", "That's cool :) What else is neat about sunset?", "I've heard of that. What's it about?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sunset __knowledge__ Sunset or sundown is the daily disappearance of the Sun below the horizon as a result of Earth's rotation.", "Sunset __knowledge__ The Sun will set exactly due west at the equator on the spring and fall equinoxes, each of which occurs only once a year.", "Sunset __knowledge__ The time of sunset is defined in astronomy as the moment when the trailing edge of the Sun's disk disappears below the horizon.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Near to the horizon, atmospheric refraction causes the ray path of light from the Sun to be distorted to such an extent that geometrically the Sun's disk is already about one diameter below the horizon when a sunset is observed.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Sunset is distinct from twilight, which has three phases, the first being \"civil\" twilight, which begins once the Sun has disappeared below the horizon, and continues until it descends to 6 degrees below the horizon; the second phase is \"nautical\" twilight, between 6 and 12 degrees below the horizon; and the third is \"astronomical\" twilight, which is the period when the Sun is between 12 and 18 degrees below the horizon.", "Sunset __knowledge__ \"Dusk\" is at the very end of astronomical twilight, and is the darkest moment of twilight just before night.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Night occurs when the Sun reaches 18 degrees below the horizon and no longer illuminates the sky.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets were a rock and roll group formed in Cardiff, Wales in 1969.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ Although most notable now for their lead singer Shakin' Stevens, who went on to become one of the UK's most popular artists of the 1980s, the band released several records and toured extensively throughout the 1970s.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ A version of the Sunsets, containing original members, still tours annually in the UK, Europe and Australia.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets evolved from the rock and roll scene in and around the Penarth and Ely areas just outside Cardiff.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ One of its leading lights since the late 1950s was the Backbeats, a band fronted by Robert Llewellyn (who performed under the name of Rockin' Louie) and managed by Paul 'Legs' Barrett, a local entrepreneur and \"card-carrying Communist\".", "Thomas Aynscombe __knowledge__ Thomas Aynscombe was an early-18th-century Dunstable and Smithfield, London landlord and minor benefactor.", "Thomas Aynscombe __knowledge__ Thomas Aynscombe (died October 1740) of Charterhouse yard, and Northall in Buckinghamshire, was the son of Henry Aynscombe (died 1697), of St. Mary Woolnoth (where he was buried, in the chancel), citizen and haberdasher of London, by his wife Elizabeth (died 1711), daughter of Thomas Chew, Dunstable haberdasher, who had married Elizabeth, daughter of William Marsh of Dunstable in 1639.", "Thomas Aynscombe __knowledge__ His mother, Elizabeth Chew (aka Mrs. Henry Aynscombe), was one of the three sisters and coheirs of William Chew (another brother Thomas Chew, of Dunstable, (died 20 July 1698, aged 52 (Neve)), distiller, of Dunstable, who died unmarried and intestate 18 March 1712/13, aged 58, leaving an estate worth £28,000, this included property in St. John Street, Smithfield, and several coaching inns in Dunstable, the \"Windmill and Still\" (theirs since the 17th century [V.C.H.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ \"Sunsets\" is a song released as the third single from Australian rock band Powderfinger's fifth studio album, \"Vulture Street\".", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ The single was released on 4 January 2004 in Australia and New Zealand.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ \"Sunsets\" earned a mixed response from reviewers.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ Some reviewers praised its appeal and aggression, whilst others appreciated the power ballad elements within it.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ Others, however, described the song negatively as \"lumbering\".", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ \"Sunsets\" charted moderately, reaching No.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ 11 on the Australian singles chart.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ \"Vulture Street\" was recorded and developed over a seven-week period in Sydney, Australia.", "Sunsets (song) __knowledge__ It was during this time that \"Sunsets\" was written and produced.", "Clyde F. Bel Jr. __knowledge__ Clyde Francis Bel Jr. (June 11, 1932), – September 6, 2014), was a businessman from his native New Orleans, Louisiana, who was a Democratic member of the Louisiana House of Representatives for Orleans Parish.", "Clyde F. Bel Jr. __knowledge__ He served at-large from 1964 to 1968, in District 28 from 1968 to 1972 and in District 90 from 1976 to 1980 during the administrations of Governors John McKeithen and Edwin Edwards.", "Clyde F. Bel Jr. __knowledge__ In 1951, Bel graduated from the Roman Catholic Jesuit High School in New Orleans and then attended Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge.", "Clyde F. Bel Jr. __knowledge__ As a member of the Louisiana House, he pioneered legislation related to the burgeoning concern for geothermal energy and air pollution long before such matters attracted political attention.", "Quincy House (Harvard College) __knowledge__ Quincy House is one of twelve undergraduate residential Houses at Harvard University, located on Plympton Street between Harvard Yard and the Charles River.", "Quincy House (Harvard College) __knowledge__ The second largest of the twelve undergraduate houses, Quincy House was named after Josiah Quincy III (1772–1864), president of Harvard from 1829 to 1845.", "Quincy House (Harvard College) __knowledge__ Quincy House's official counterpart at Yale University is Branford College.", "Quincy House (Harvard College) __knowledge__ House colors are red, gold, and black, and the House's seal in those colors is emblazoned on a wall of the dining hall wing facing the House's main courtyard.", "Quincy House (Harvard College) __knowledge__ In 2005, Quincy House adopted the penguin as its official mascot.", "Paul Barrett __knowledge__ Paul Franklyn \"Legs\" Barrett (born 14 December 1940) is a UK agent and manager of 1950s style Rock and Roll artistes, an author and previously a singer, songwriter and film actor.", "Paul Barrett __knowledge__ Barrett is the discoverer, mentor and first manager of the singer now known as Shakin' Stevens during the 1960s and 1970s, but has also represented and promoted many more of the genre's greats during a long and varied career.", "Paul Barrett __knowledge__ Barrett was born in Blackwood, Monmouthshire, in 1940 but moved to Penarth near Cardiff, at an early age, where he has lived ever since.", "Paul Barrett __knowledge__ His father was a brass moulder and his mother was a housewife and author.", "Cuttack __knowledge__ Cuttack is the former capital and the second largest city in the eastern Indian state of Odisha.", "Cuttack __knowledge__ It is also the headquarters of the Cuttack district.", "Cuttack __knowledge__ The name of the city is an anglicised form of \"Katak\" which literally means \"The Fort\", a reference to the ancient Barabati Fort around which the city initially developed.", "Cuttack __knowledge__ Cuttack is also known as the \"Millennium City\" as well as the \"Silver City\" due to its history of 1000 years and famous silver filigree works.", "Cuttack __knowledge__ It is also considered as the judicial capital of Odisha as the Odisha High Court is located here.", "Cuttack __knowledge__ It is also the commercial capital of Odisha which hosts a large number of trading and business houses in and around the city." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sunset __knowledge__ Sunset or sundown is the daily disappearance of the Sun below the horizon as a result of Earth's rotation.", "Sunset __knowledge__ The Sun will set exactly due west at the equator on the spring and fall equinoxes, each of which occurs only once a year.", "Sunset __knowledge__ The time of sunset is defined in astronomy as the moment when the trailing edge of the Sun's disk disappears below the horizon.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Near to the horizon, atmospheric refraction causes the ray path of light from the Sun to be distorted to such an extent that geometrically the Sun's disk is already about one diameter below the horizon when a sunset is observed.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Sunset is distinct from twilight, which has three phases, the first being \"civil\" twilight, which begins once the Sun has disappeared below the horizon, and continues until it descends to 6 degrees below the horizon; the second phase is \"nautical\" twilight, between 6 and 12 degrees below the horizon; and the third is \"astronomical\" twilight, which is the period when the Sun is between 12 and 18 degrees below the horizon.", "Sunset __knowledge__ \"Dusk\" is at the very end of astronomical twilight, and is the darkest moment of twilight just before night.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Night occurs when the Sun reaches 18 degrees below the horizon and no longer illuminates the sky.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attractiveness is the degree to which a person's physical features are considered aesthetically pleasing or beautiful.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ The term often implies sexual attractiveness or desirability, but can also be distinct from either.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ There are many factors which influence one person's attraction to another, with physical aspects being one of them.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ Physical attraction itself includes universal perceptions common to all human cultures, as well as aspects that are culturally and socially dependent, along with individual subjective preferences.", "Physical attractiveness __knowledge__ In many cases, humans subconsciously attribute positive characteristics, such as intelligence and honesty, to physically attractive people.", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ In biology, any group of fish that stay together for social reasons are shoaling (pronounced ), and if the group is swimming in the same direction in a coordinated manner, they are schooling (pronounced ).", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ In common usage, the terms are sometimes used rather loosely.", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ About one quarter of fish species shoal all their lives, and about one half shoal for part of their lives.", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ Fish derive many benefits from shoaling behaviour including defence against predators (through better predator detection and by diluting the chance of individual capture), enhanced foraging success, and higher success in finding a mate.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ The psychology of art is an interdisciplinary field that studies the perception, cognition and characteristics of art and its production.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ For the use of art materials as a form of psychotherapy, see art therapy.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ The psychology of art is related to architectural psychology and environmental psychology.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ The work of Theodor Lipps, a Munich-based research psychologist, played an important role in the early development of the concept of \"art psychology\" in the early decade of the twentieth century.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ His most important contribution in this respect was his attempt to theorize the question of Einfuehlung or \"empathy\", a term that was to become a key element in many subsequent theories of \"art psychology\".", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing, mixing or re-recording is a post-production process used in filmmaking and video production in which additional or supplementary recordings are \"mixed\" with original production sound to create the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ The process usually takes place on a dub stage.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ After sound editors edit and prepare all the necessary tracks – dialogue, automated dialogue replacement (ADR), effects, Foley, music – the dubbing mixers proceed to balance all of the elements and record the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing is sometimes confused with ADR, also known as \"additional dialogue replacement\", \"automated dialogue recording\", and \"looping\", in which the original actors re-record and synchronize audio segments.", "Two envelopes problem __knowledge__ The two envelopes problem, also known as the exchange paradox, is a brain teaser, puzzle, or paradox in logic, probability, and recreational mathematics.", "Two envelopes problem __knowledge__ It is of special interest in decision theory, and for the Bayesian interpretation of probability theory.", "Two envelopes problem __knowledge__ Historically, it arose as a variant of the necktie paradox.", "Two envelopes problem __knowledge__ The problem typically is introduced by formulating a hypothetical challenge of the following type: It seems obvious that there is no point in switching envelopes as the situation is symmetric.", "Two envelopes problem __knowledge__ However, because you stand to gain twice as much money if you switch while risking only a loss of half of what you currently have, it is possible to argue that it is more beneficial to switch.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ Evolutionary psychology is a theoretical approach in the social and natural sciences that examines psychological structure from a modern evolutionary perspective.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ It seeks to identify which human psychological traits are evolved adaptations – that is, the functional products of natural selection or sexual selection in human evolution.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ Adaptationist thinking about physiological mechanisms, such as the heart, lungs, and immune system, is common in evolutionary biology.", "Evolutionary psychology __knowledge__ Some evolutionary psychologists apply the same thinking to psychology, arguing that the modularity of mind is similar to that of the body and with different modular adaptations serving different functions.", "Twilight __knowledge__ Twilight on Earth is the illumination of the lower atmosphere when the Sun itself is not directly visible because it is below the horizon.", "Twilight __knowledge__ Twilight is produced by sunlight scattering in the upper atmosphere, illuminating the lower atmosphere so that Earth's surface is neither completely lit nor completely dark.", "Twilight __knowledge__ The word \"twilight\" is also used to denote the periods of time when this illumination occurs.", "Twilight __knowledge__ The farther the Sun is below the horizon, the dimmer the twilight (other things such as atmospheric conditions being equal).", "Twilight __knowledge__ When the Sun reaches 18 degrees below the horizon, the twilight's brightness is nearly zero, and evening twilight becomes nighttime.", "Dusk __knowledge__ Dusk occurs at the darkest stage of twilight, or at the very end of astronomical twilight after sunset and just before night.", "Dusk __knowledge__ Pre-dusk, during early to intermediate stages of twilight, there may be enough light in the sky under clear conditions to read outdoors without artificial illumination, but at the end of civil twilight, when Earth rotates to a point at which the center of the Sun is 6° below the local horizon, artificial illumination is required to read outside.", "Dusk __knowledge__ The term \"dusk\" usually refers to astronomical dusk, or the darkest part of twilight before night begins.", "Dusk __knowledge__ The time of dusk is the moment at the very end of astronomical twilight, just before the minimum brightness of the night sky sets in, or may be thought of as \"the darkest part of evening twilight\".", "Dawn __knowledge__ Dawn, from an Old English verb \"dagian\": \"to become day\", is the time that marks the beginning of twilight before sunrise.", "Dawn __knowledge__ It is recognized by the appearance of indirect sunlight being scattered in the atmosphere, when the centre of the Sun's disc reaches 18° below the horizon.", "Dawn __knowledge__ This dawn twilight period will last until sunrise (when the Sun's upper limb breaks the horizon), as the diffused light becomes direct sunlight.", "Dawn __knowledge__ Dawn begins with the first sight of lightness in the morning, and continues until the sun breaks the horizon.", "Dawn __knowledge__ This morning twilight \"before sunrise\", is divided into three categories depending on the amount of sunlight that is present in the sky, which is determined by the angular distance of the centre of the Sun (degrees below the horizon) in the morning.", "Rayleigh sky model __knowledge__ The Rayleigh sky model describes the observed polarization pattern of the daytime sky.", "Rayleigh sky model __knowledge__ Within the atmosphere Rayleigh scattering of light from air molecules, water, dust, and aerosols causes the sky's light to have a defined polarization pattern.", "Rayleigh sky model __knowledge__ The same elastic scattering processes cause the sky to be blue.", "Rayleigh sky model __knowledge__ The polarization is characterized at each wavelength by its degree of polarization, and orientation (the e-vector angle, or scattering angle).", "Rayleigh sky model __knowledge__ The polarization pattern of the sky is dependent on the celestial position of the sun.", "Rayleigh sky model __knowledge__ While all scattered light is polarized to some extent, light is highly polarized at a scattering angle of 90° from the light source.", "Polar night __knowledge__ The polar night occurs in the northernmost and southernmost regions of the Earth when the night lasts for more than 24 hours.", "Polar night __knowledge__ This occurs only inside the polar circles.", "Polar night __knowledge__ The opposite phenomenon, the polar day, or midnight sun, occurs when the Sun stays above the horizon for more than 24 hours.", "Polar night __knowledge__ \"Night\" is understood as the center of the Sun being below a free horizon.", "Polar night __knowledge__ Since the atmosphere bends the rays of the Sun, the polar day is longer than the polar night, and the area that is affected by polar night is somewhat smaller than the area of midnight sun.", "Polar night __knowledge__ The polar circle is located at a latitude between these two areas, at the latitude of approximately 66.5 degrees.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Skulduggery Pleasant characters __knowledge__ This list comprises information on characters who exist in the following fantasy novels: The \"Skulduggery Pleasant books\" are written by Derek Landy.", "List of Skulduggery Pleasant characters __knowledge__ The premise of the novel is that magic is real and those with the ability to wield it live among us.", "List of Skulduggery Pleasant characters __knowledge__ Magic is split into many \"Schools\" or disciplines, the two main groups being Elemental (which concentrate on magic involving the classical elements of fire, earth, air and water) and Adepts (which is split into many other disciplines, some more obscure than others, examples being Sensitives (similar to traditional psychics or mediums), Teleporters, Shape-shifters, Necromancers etc.)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sunset __knowledge__ Sunset or sundown is the daily disappearance of the Sun below the horizon as a result of Earth's rotation.", "Sunset __knowledge__ The Sun will set exactly due west at the equator on the spring and fall equinoxes, each of which occurs only once a year.", "Sunset __knowledge__ The time of sunset is defined in astronomy as the moment when the trailing edge of the Sun's disk disappears below the horizon.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Near to the horizon, atmospheric refraction causes the ray path of light from the Sun to be distorted to such an extent that geometrically the Sun's disk is already about one diameter below the horizon when a sunset is observed.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Sunset is distinct from twilight, which has three phases, the first being \"civil\" twilight, which begins once the Sun has disappeared below the horizon, and continues until it descends to 6 degrees below the horizon; the second phase is \"nautical\" twilight, between 6 and 12 degrees below the horizon; and the third is \"astronomical\" twilight, which is the period when the Sun is between 12 and 18 degrees below the horizon.", "Sunset __knowledge__ \"Dusk\" is at the very end of astronomical twilight, and is the darkest moment of twilight just before night.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Night occurs when the Sun reaches 18 degrees below the horizon and no longer illuminates the sky.", "Attention __knowledge__ Attention is the behavioral and cognitive process of selectively concentrating on a discrete aspect of information, whether deemed subjective or objective, while ignoring other perceivable information.", "Attention __knowledge__ It is the taking possession by the mind in clear and vivid form of one out of what seem several simultaneous objects or trains of thought.", "Attention __knowledge__ Focalization, concentration of consciousness are of its essence.", "Attention __knowledge__ Attention has also been referred to as the allocation of limited processing resources.", "Attention __knowledge__ Attention remains a major area of investigation within education, psychology, neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, and neuropsychology.", "Cadillactica __knowledge__ Cadillactica is the second studio album by American rapper Big K.R.I.T..", "Cadillactica __knowledge__ It was released on November 10, 2014, by Cinematic Music Group and Def Jam Recordings.", "Cadillactica __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances from Raphael Saadiq, E-40, Wiz Khalifa, Kenneth Whalum III, Mara Hruby, Rico Love, Bun B, Devin the Dude, Big Sant, Jamie N Commons, Lupe Fiasco and ASAP Ferg.", "Cadillactica __knowledge__ The album debuted at number five on the US \"Billboard\" 200 and was supported by three singles: \"Pay Attention\", \"Cadillactica\" and \"Soul Food\".", "Cadillactica __knowledge__ It was also met with widespread acclaim from critics who praised the soulful production and thoughtful lyrics, ending up on many end-of-year lists.", "Attentional control __knowledge__ Attentional control refers to an individual's capacity to choose what they pay attention to and what they ignore.", "Attentional control __knowledge__ It is also known as endogenous attention or executive attention.", "Attentional control __knowledge__ In lay terms, attentional control can be described as an individual's ability to concentrate.", "Attentional control __knowledge__ Primarily mediated by the frontal areas of the brain including the anterior cingulate cortex, attentional control is thought to be closely related to other executive functions such as working memory.", "Attentional control __knowledge__ Sources of attention in our brain create a system of three networks: alertness (maintaining awareness), orientation (information from sensory input), and executive control (resolving conflict).", "Negative priming __knowledge__ Negative priming is an implicit memory effect in which prior exposure to a stimulus unfavorably influences the response to the same stimulus.", "Negative priming __knowledge__ It falls under the category of priming, which refers to the change in the response towards a stimulus due to a subconscious memory effect.", "Negative priming __knowledge__ Negative priming describes the slow and error-prone reaction to a stimulus that is previously ignored.", "Negative priming __knowledge__ For example, a subject may be imagined trying to pick a red pen from a pen holder.", "Negative priming __knowledge__ The red pen becomes the target of attention, so the subject responds by moving their hand towards it.", "Negative priming __knowledge__ At this time, they mentally block out all other pens as distractors to aid in closing in on just the red pen.", "Distraction __knowledge__ Distraction is the process of diverting the attention of an individual or group from a desired area of focus and thereby blocking or diminishing the reception of desired information.", "Distraction __knowledge__ Distraction is caused by: the lack of ability to pay attention; lack of interest in the object of attention; or the great intensity, novelty or attractiveness of something other than the object of attention.", "Distraction __knowledge__ Distractions come from both external sources, and internal sources.", "Distraction __knowledge__ External distractions include factors such as visual triggers, social interactions, music, text messages, and phone calls.", "Distraction __knowledge__ There are also internal distractions such as hunger, fatigue, illness, worrying, and daydreaming.", "Phonological development __knowledge__ Sound is at the beginning of language learning.", "Phonological development __knowledge__ Children have to learn to distinguish different sounds and to segment the speech stream they are exposed to into units – eventually meaningful units – in order to acquire words and sentences.", "Phonological development __knowledge__ Here is one reason that speech segmentation is challenging: When you read, there are spaces between the words.", "Phonological development __knowledge__ No such spaces occur between spoken words.", "Phonological development __knowledge__ So, if an infant hears the sound sequence “thisisacup,” it has to learn to segment this stream into the distinct units “this”, “is”, “a”, and “cup.” Once the child is able to extract the sequence “cup” from the speech stream it has to assign a meaning to this word.", "Cocktail party effect __knowledge__ The cocktail party effect is the phenomenon of the brain's ability to focus one's auditory attention (an effect of selective attention in the brain) on a particular stimulus while filtering out a range of other stimuli, as when a partygoer can focus on a single conversation in a noisy room.", "Cocktail party effect __knowledge__ Listeners have the ability to both segregate different stimuli into different streams, and subsequently decide which streams are most pertinent to them.", "Cocktail party effect __knowledge__ Thus, it has been proposed that one’s sensory memory subconsciously siphons through all stimuli, and when an important word or phrase with high meaning appears, it stands out to the listener.", "Plumi __knowledge__ Plumi is a free software video sharing content management system based on Plone and primarily developed by the Indo-Pacific based EngageMedia, the Greece based Unweb.me consultancy, and others.", "Plumi __knowledge__ Plumi allows users to create a video sharing site by adding it to an existing Plone instance.", "Plumi __knowledge__ The software includes a wide array of functionality to facilitate video distribution and community creation.", "Plumi __knowledge__ Plumi is one project that aims to help establish \"community controlled, noncommercial, free and open source alternatives\" to commercial video sites such as YouTube.", "Plumi __knowledge__ It is designed to allow communities and \"citizen publishers create their own video-sharing communities out of the box\" It is also designed to be more accessible to non-profit groups and independent journalists, given it is available as free-software without cost.", "Occupy movement __knowledge__ The Occupy movement is an international socio-political movement against social and economic inequality and lack of \"real democracy\" around the world, its primary goal being to advance social and economic justice and new forms of democracy.", "Occupy movement __knowledge__ The movement has many different scopes; local groups often have different focuses, but among the movement's prime concerns are how large corporations (and the global financial system) control the world in a way that disproportionately benefits a minority, undermines democracy, and is unstable.", "Occupy movement __knowledge__ It is part of what Manfred Steger calls the \"global justice movement\".", "Bunyan Bug __knowledge__ Bunyan Bugs are a series of synthetic objects used as fly rod bait in fly-fishing, designed to look like a wide variety of insects, including grasshoppers, stoneflies, Mayflies, horse flies, bumble bees, ants and caddis flies.", "Bunyan Bug __knowledge__ \"The Saga of the Bunyan Bug\" by Norman Means described the origins of the Bunyan Bug: \"Bunyan Bugs\" were designed by fly-tier and split bamboo fly rods maker Paul Bunyan (aka Norman Means) circa 1927, and originated in Montana.", "Bunyan Bug __knowledge__ The construction of the Bunyan Bug is unique and has no parallel among other Montana or western trout flies.", "Bunyan Bug __knowledge__ Norman's grandson, Richard Rose has kept alive a legend that Bunyan Bugs have caught mammoth trout and bass on the western rivers of the Rocky Mountains.", "Twilight __knowledge__ Twilight on Earth is the illumination of the lower atmosphere when the Sun itself is not directly visible because it is below the horizon.", "Twilight __knowledge__ Twilight is produced by sunlight scattering in the upper atmosphere, illuminating the lower atmosphere so that Earth's surface is neither completely lit nor completely dark.", "Twilight __knowledge__ The word \"twilight\" is also used to denote the periods of time when this illumination occurs.", "Twilight __knowledge__ The farther the Sun is below the horizon, the dimmer the twilight (other things such as atmospheric conditions being equal).", "Twilight __knowledge__ When the Sun reaches 18 degrees below the horizon, the twilight's brightness is nearly zero, and evening twilight becomes nighttime.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Twilight characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters in the \"Twilight\" novel series by Stephenie Meyer, comprising the books; \"Twilight\", \"New Moon\", \"Eclipse\" and \"Breaking Dawn\", as well as \"The Twilight Saga\" film series adaptations.", "List of Twilight characters __knowledge__ Isabella Marie \"Bella\" Swan (later Bella Cullen) is the fictional protagonist of the \"Twilight\" series, written by Stephenie Meyer.", "List of Twilight characters __knowledge__ The \"Twilight\" series is primarily narrated from Bella's point of view.", "List of Twilight characters __knowledge__ In \"Twilight\", Bella moves to her father's home in Forks, Washington, meets the mysterious Cullen family, and falls in love with Edward Cullen.", "List of Twilight characters __knowledge__ However, she soon discovers that the family is a coven of vampires.", "Characters of Kingdom Hearts __knowledge__ \"Kingdom Hearts\" is a series of action role-playing games developed and published by Square Enix (formerly Square).", "Characters of Kingdom Hearts __knowledge__ It is the result of a collaboration between Square Enix and Disney Interactive Studios.", "Characters of Kingdom Hearts __knowledge__ \"Kingdom Hearts\" is a crossover of various Disney settings based in a universe made specifically for the series.", "Characters of Kingdom Hearts __knowledge__ The series features a mixture of familiar Disney, \"Final Fantasy\", \"The World Ends with You\" and Pixar characters, as well as several new characters designed by Tetsuya Nomura.", "Characters of Kingdom Hearts __knowledge__ In addition, it has an all-star voice cast which includes many of the Disney characters' official voice actors." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sunset __knowledge__ Sunset or sundown is the daily disappearance of the Sun below the horizon as a result of Earth's rotation.", "Sunset __knowledge__ The Sun will set exactly due west at the equator on the spring and fall equinoxes, each of which occurs only once a year.", "Sunset __knowledge__ The time of sunset is defined in astronomy as the moment when the trailing edge of the Sun's disk disappears below the horizon.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Near to the horizon, atmospheric refraction causes the ray path of light from the Sun to be distorted to such an extent that geometrically the Sun's disk is already about one diameter below the horizon when a sunset is observed.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Sunset is distinct from twilight, which has three phases, the first being \"civil\" twilight, which begins once the Sun has disappeared below the horizon, and continues until it descends to 6 degrees below the horizon; the second phase is \"nautical\" twilight, between 6 and 12 degrees below the horizon; and the third is \"astronomical\" twilight, which is the period when the Sun is between 12 and 18 degrees below the horizon.", "Sunset __knowledge__ \"Dusk\" is at the very end of astronomical twilight, and is the darkest moment of twilight just before night.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Night occurs when the Sun reaches 18 degrees below the horizon and no longer illuminates the sky.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Sunset Boulevard (film) __knowledge__ Sunset Boulevard (stylized onscreen as SUNSET BLVD.)", "Sunset Boulevard (film) __knowledge__ is a 1950 American film noir directed and co-written by Billy Wilder, and produced and co-written by Charles Brackett.", "Sunset Boulevard (film) __knowledge__ It was named after the thoroughfare that runs through Los Angeles and Beverly Hills, California.", "Sunset Boulevard (film) __knowledge__ The film stars William Holden as Joe Gillis, an unsuccessful screenwriter, and Gloria Swanson as Norma Desmond, a faded silent-film star who draws him into her fantasy world, where she dreams of making a triumphant return to the screen, with Erich von Stroheim as Max von Mayerling, her devoted servant.", "Sunset Boulevard (film) __knowledge__ Nancy Olson, Fred Clark, Lloyd Gough, and Jack Webb play supporting roles.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from the \"Forgotten Realms\" campaign setting for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters have appeared in the multiple series of novels set in the \"Forgotten Realms\".", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Many have some magical abilities.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Aballister Bonaduce is the nemesis of his son Cadderly Bonaduce, the main character of R.A. Salvatore's The Cleric Quintet.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Calculating, cold, and merciless, Aballister is determined to complete his conquest of the region.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Guided by the goddess Talona, Mistress of Poison, Aballister creates The Chaos Curse and unleashes it upon The Edificant Library, home of Cadderly and his friends.", "Sunset District, San Francisco __knowledge__ The Sunset District is a neighborhood located in the west-central area of San Francisco, California, United States.", "Sunset District, San Francisco __knowledge__ It is the largest neighborhood in San Francisco.", "Sunset District, San Francisco __knowledge__ The Sunset District is the largest neighborhood within the city and county of San Francisco, and with a population of over 85,000 it is also the most populous.", "Sunset District, San Francisco __knowledge__ Golden Gate Park forms the neighborhood's northern border, and the Pacific Ocean (or, more specifically, the long, flat strand of beach known as Ocean Beach) forms its western border.", "Sunset District, San Francisco __knowledge__ The Sunset District's southern and eastern borders are not as clearly defined, but there is a general consensus that the neighborhood extends no farther south than Sigmund Stern Grove and Sloat Boulevard and no farther east than Stanyan Street (just east of the Parnassus campus of the University of California, San Francisco) and Laguna Honda Hospital.", "Neuroevolution of augmenting topologies __knowledge__ NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies (NEAT) is a genetic algorithm (GA) for the generation of evolving artificial neural networks (a neuroevolution technique) developed by Ken Stanley in 2002 while at The University of Texas at Austin.", "Neuroevolution of augmenting topologies __knowledge__ It alters both the weighting parameters and structures of networks, attempting to find a balance between the fitness of evolved solutions and their diversity.", "Neuroevolution of augmenting topologies __knowledge__ It is based on applying three key techniques: tracking genes with history markers to allow crossover among topologies, applying speciation (the evolution of species) to preserve innovations, and developing topologies incrementally from simple initial structures (\"complexifying\").", "Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking __knowledge__ Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking (NEAT) was a program run by NASA and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, surveying the sky for near-Earth objects.", "Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking __knowledge__ NEAT was conducted from December 1995 until April 2007, at GEODSS on Hawaii (Haleakala-NEAT; 566), as well as at Palomar Observatory in California (Palomar-NEAT; 644).", "Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking __knowledge__ With the discovery of more than 40 thousand minor planets, NEAT has been one of the most successful programs in this field, comparable to the Catalina Sky Survey, LONEOS and Mount Lemmon Survey.", "Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking __knowledge__ NEAT was the successor to the Palomar Planet-Crossing Asteroid Survey (PCAS).", "Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking __knowledge__ The original principal investigator was Eleanor F. Helin, with co-investigators Steven H. Pravdo and David L. Rabinowitz.", "List of Little Miss characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of Little Miss characters from the children's book series by Roger Hargreaves; the series was also adapted into \"The Mr. Men Show\".", "List of Little Miss characters __knowledge__ Books one (\"Little Miss Bossy\") to thirty (\"Little Miss Somersault\") were written by Hargreaves and the remainder by his son, Adam Hargreaves.", "List of Little Miss characters __knowledge__ Little Miss All-goes-Well is part of the \"Little Miss\" series.", "List of Little Miss characters __knowledge__ Little Miss All-Goes-Well has a perfect life.", "List of Little Miss characters __knowledge__ This is one of the nine Little Miss titles which were not published in English.", "List of Little Miss characters __knowledge__ Little Miss All-goes-well has also been published under the alternative titles \"Madame Tout-Va-Bien\" (French), \"Η Κυρία Αισιόδοξη \"(Greek).", "Committed dose __knowledge__ The committed dose in radiological protection is a measure of the stochastic health risk due to an intake of radioactive material into the human body.", "Committed dose __knowledge__ Stochastic in this context is defined as the \"probability\" of cancer induction and genetic damage, due to low levels of radiation.", "Committed dose __knowledge__ The SI unit of measure is the sievert.", "Committed dose __knowledge__ A committed dose from an internal source represents the same effective risk as the same amount of effective dose applied uniformly to the whole body from an external source, or the same amount of equivalent dose applied to part of the body.", "Committed dose __knowledge__ The committed dose is not intended as a measure for deterministic effects such as radiation sickness which is defined as the \"severity\" of a health effect which is certain to happen.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "Negative resistance __knowledge__ In electronics, negative resistance (NR) is a property of some electrical circuits and devices in which an increase in voltage across the device's terminals results in a decrease in electric current through it.", "Negative resistance __knowledge__ This is in contrast to an ordinary resistor in which an increase of applied voltage causes a proportional increase in current due to Ohm's law, resulting in a positive resistance.", "Negative resistance __knowledge__ While a positive resistance consumes power from current passing through it, a negative resistance produces power.", "Negative resistance __knowledge__ Under certain conditions it can increase the power of an electrical signal, amplifying it.", "Negative resistance __knowledge__ Negative resistance is an uncommon property which occurs in a few nonlinear electronic components.", "Source amnesia __knowledge__ Source amnesia is the inability to remember where, when or how previously learned information has been acquired, while retaining the factual knowledge.", "Source amnesia __knowledge__ This branch of amnesia is associated with the malfunctioning of one's explicit memory.", "Source amnesia __knowledge__ It is likely that the disconnect between having the knowledge and remembering the context in which the knowledge was acquired is due to a dissociation between semantic and episodic memory – an individual retains the semantic knowledge (the fact), but lacks the episodic knowledge to indicate the context in which the knowledge was gained.", "Source amnesia __knowledge__ Memory representations reflect the encoding processes during acquisition.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ Im Tirtzu (Hebrew: אם תרצו, lit.", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ 'If you will it') is a Zionist non-governmental organization based in Israel.", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ Its name is derived from an epigraph appended to the frontespiece of Theodor Herzl's novel Altneuland, 'if you wish it, it is no fairy-tale,' rendered into modern Hebrew in Nahum Sokolow's translation in 1903, as \"Im tirtzu ein zo agadah.\"", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ (\"If you will it, it is no dream.\")", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ On its establishment in 2006, the organization stated that its mission was to renew \"Zionist discourse, Zionist thinking and Zionist ideology to ensure the future of the Jewish nation and the State of Israel.\"", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ Claiming to \"strengthen and advance the values of Zionism in Israel\", it sees itself as dedicated to combating a \"campaign of de-legitimization against the State of Israel and to [provide] responses to Post-Zionist and Anti-Zionist phenomena\".", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sunset __knowledge__ Sunset or sundown is the daily disappearance of the Sun below the horizon as a result of Earth's rotation.", "Sunset __knowledge__ The Sun will set exactly due west at the equator on the spring and fall equinoxes, each of which occurs only once a year.", "Sunset __knowledge__ The time of sunset is defined in astronomy as the moment when the trailing edge of the Sun's disk disappears below the horizon.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Near to the horizon, atmospheric refraction causes the ray path of light from the Sun to be distorted to such an extent that geometrically the Sun's disk is already about one diameter below the horizon when a sunset is observed.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Sunset is distinct from twilight, which has three phases, the first being \"civil\" twilight, which begins once the Sun has disappeared below the horizon, and continues until it descends to 6 degrees below the horizon; the second phase is \"nautical\" twilight, between 6 and 12 degrees below the horizon; and the third is \"astronomical\" twilight, which is the period when the Sun is between 12 and 18 degrees below the horizon.", "Sunset __knowledge__ \"Dusk\" is at the very end of astronomical twilight, and is the darkest moment of twilight just before night.", "Sunset __knowledge__ Night occurs when the Sun reaches 18 degrees below the horizon and no longer illuminates the sky.", "Heard Island and McDonald Islands __knowledge__ The Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands (abbreviated as HIMI) is an Australian external territory comprising a volcanic group of barren Antarctic islands, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica.", "Heard Island and McDonald Islands __knowledge__ The group's overall size is in area and it has of coastline.", "Heard Island and McDonald Islands __knowledge__ Discovered in the mid-19th century, the islands have been an Australian territory since 1947 and contain the country's only two active volcanoes.", "Heard Island and McDonald Islands __knowledge__ The summit of one, Mawson Peak, is higher than any mountain on the Australian mainland.", "Heard Island and McDonald Islands __knowledge__ The islands lie on the Kerguelen Plateau in the Indian Ocean.", "Heard Island and McDonald Islands __knowledge__ The islands are among the most remote places on Earth: They are located approximately southwest of Perth, southwest of Cape Leeuwin, Australia, southeast of South Africa, southeast of Madagascar, north of Antarctica, and southeast of the Kerguelen Islands.", "Gerald Heard __knowledge__ Henry FitzGerald Heard (6 October 1889 – 14 August 1971), commonly called Gerald Heard, was a British-born American historian, science writer, public lecturer, educator, and philosopher.", "Gerald Heard __knowledge__ He wrote many articles and over 35 books.", "Gerald Heard __knowledge__ Heard was a guide and mentor to numerous well-known Americans, including Henry Luce and Clare Boothe Luce, and Bill Wilson, co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous, in the 1950s and 1960s.", "Gerald Heard __knowledge__ His work was a forerunner of, and influence on, the consciousness development movement that has spread in the Western world since the 1960s.", "Gerald Heard __knowledge__ The son of an Anglo-Irish clergyman, Heard was born in London.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial of Conrad Murray (People of the State of California v. Conrad Robert Murray) was the American criminal trial of Michael Jackson's personal physician, Conrad Murray, who was charged with involuntary manslaughter for the pop singer's death on June 25, 2009, from a massive overdose of the general anesthetic propofol.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial, which started on September 27, 2011, was held in the Los Angeles County Superior Court in Los Angeles, California, before Judge Michael Pastor and it was televised.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The prosecutors in the case (David Walgren and Deborah Brazil, both Los Angeles deputy district attorneys), in their opening statement, told jurors: \"misplaced trust in the hands of Murray cost Jackson his life\".", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ State of Florida v. George Zimmerman was a criminal prosecution of George Zimmerman on the charge of second-degree murder stemming from the shooting of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ On April 11, 2012, George Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ In support of the charges, the State filed an affidavit of probable cause, stating that Zimmerman profiled and confronted Martin and shot him to death while Martin was committing no crimes.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ Florida State Attorney Angela Corey announced the charges against Zimmerman during a televised press conference and reported that Zimmerman was in custody after turning himself in to law enforcement.", "Mark Heard __knowledge__ John Mark Heard (December 16, 1951 – August 16, 1992) was an American record producer, folk rock singer, and songwriter originally from Macon, Georgia, United States.", "Mark Heard __knowledge__ Heard released 16 albums, and produced and performed with many other artists as well, such as Sam Phillips (a.k.a.", "Mark Heard __knowledge__ Leslie Phillips), Pierce Pettis, Phil Keaggy, Vigilantes of Love, Peter Buck of R.E.M.", "Mark Heard __knowledge__ (who co-produced VOL's album \"Killing Floor\" with Heard), John Austin, The Choir, Randy Stonehill and Michael Been of The Call.", "Mark Heard __knowledge__ Heard produced part of Olivia Newton-John's \"The Rumor\", which also included a cover of Heard's own \"Big and Strong\" (originally called \"How to Grow Up Big and Strong\").", "Amber Heard __knowledge__ Amber Laura Heard (born April 22, 1986) is an American actress.", "Amber Heard __knowledge__ She made her film debut in 2004 in the sports drama \"Friday Night Lights\".", "Amber Heard __knowledge__ After small roles in \"North Country\" and \"Alpha Dog\", Heard played her first leading role in \"All the Boys Love Mandy Lane\" (2006) and appeared in The CW television show \"Hidden Palms\" (2007).", "Amber Heard __knowledge__ Heard's breakthrough came in 2008 with roles in \"Never Back Down\" and \"Pineapple Express\".", "Amber Heard __knowledge__ She received the Breakthrough Award at Young Hollywood Awards.", "Amber Heard __knowledge__ Her appearance in films such as \"The Informers\", \"The Stepfather\", \"Zombieland\", and \"The Joneses\" brought her further attention.", "Stephen Heard __knowledge__ Stephen Heard (November 1, 1740 – November 15, 1815) was the Governor of Georgia of Georgia a position that was, out of necessity, named from the Georgia House of Representatives and was later known as Governor.", "Stephen Heard __knowledge__ He served in this position from May 24, 1780 until August 18, 1781.", "Stephen Heard __knowledge__ One record lists Heard as resigning as president in 1782.", "Stephen Heard __knowledge__ Heard had fought in the French and Indian War and was a hero of the American Revolutionary War.", "Stephen Heard __knowledge__ He was a Lieutenant Colonel in the Georgia militia under Lieutenant John Dooly.", "Stephen Heard __knowledge__ He fought with Gen. Elijah Clarke at the Battle of Kettle Creek where he was captured.", "Stephen Heard __knowledge__ Heard was also a friend of George Washington.", "Sunset Boulevard (film) __knowledge__ Sunset Boulevard (stylized onscreen as SUNSET BLVD.)", "Sunset Boulevard (film) __knowledge__ is a 1950 American film noir directed and co-written by Billy Wilder, and produced and co-written by Charles Brackett.", "Sunset Boulevard (film) __knowledge__ It was named after the thoroughfare that runs through Los Angeles and Beverly Hills, California.", "Sunset Boulevard (film) __knowledge__ The film stars William Holden as Joe Gillis, an unsuccessful screenwriter, and Gloria Swanson as Norma Desmond, a faded silent-film star who draws him into her fantasy world, where she dreams of making a triumphant return to the screen, with Erich von Stroheim as Max von Mayerling, her devoted servant.", "Sunset Boulevard (film) __knowledge__ Nancy Olson, Fred Clark, Lloyd Gough, and Jack Webb play supporting roles.", "Sunset Boulevard __knowledge__ Sunset Boulevard is a boulevard in the central and western part of Los Angeles County, California that stretches from Figueroa Street in Downtown Los Angeles to the Pacific Coast Highway at the Pacific Ocean.", "Sunset Boulevard __knowledge__ Approximately in length, the boulevard roughly traces the arc of mountains that form part of the northern boundary of the Los Angeles Basin, following the path of a 1780s cattle trail from the Pueblo de Los Angeles to the ocean.", "Sunset Boulevard __knowledge__ From Downtown Los Angeles, the boulevard heads northwest, to Hollywood, through which it travels due west for several miles before it bends southwest towards the ocean.", "Old Warner Brothers Studio __knowledge__ The Old Warner Brothers Studio, officially called today Sunset Bronson Studios (formerly known as KTLA Studios and Tribune Studios), is a motion picture, radio and television production facility located on Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood, California.", "Old Warner Brothers Studio __knowledge__ The studio was the site where the first talking feature film, \"The Jazz Singer\" was filmed in 1927.", "Old Warner Brothers Studio __knowledge__ Originally built in 1919, the main building fronting Sunset Boulevard was the site of a bowling alley during the 1940s and 50s.", "Old Warner Brothers Studio __knowledge__ In the mid-1950s, the studio lot was divided in two, between KTLA television and Paramount Pictures.", "Old Warner Brothers Studio __knowledge__ In 1963, the entire lot was taken over by new owner Gene Autry (as KTLA Studios) and became the home of KTLA Television: Golden West Broadcasters.", "Gloria Swanson __knowledge__ Gloria May Josephine Swanson (; March 27, 1899 – April 4, 1983) was an American actress and producer best known for her role as Norma Desmond, a reclusive silent film star, in the critically acclaimed 1950 film \"Sunset Boulevard\".", "Gloria Swanson __knowledge__ Swanson was also a star in the silent film era as both an actress and a fashion icon, especially under the direction of Cecil B. DeMille.", "Gloria Swanson __knowledge__ She starred in dozens of silent films and was nominated for the first Academy Award in the Best Actress category.", "Gloria Swanson __knowledge__ She also produced her own films, including \"Sadie Thompson\" and \"The Love of Sunya.\"", "Gloria Swanson __knowledge__ In 1929, Swanson transitioned to talkies with \"The Trespasser.\"", "Sunset Boulevard (musical) __knowledge__ Sunset Boulevard is a musical with book and lyrics by Don Black and Christopher Hampton, and music by Andrew Lloyd Webber.", "Sunset Boulevard (musical) __knowledge__ Based on Billy Wilder's Academy Award-winning 1950 film of the same title, the plot revolves around Norma Desmond, a faded star of the silent screen era, living in the past in her decaying mansion on the fabled Los Angeles street.", "Sunset Boulevard (musical) __knowledge__ When young screenwriter Joe Gillis accidentally crosses her path, she sees in him an opportunity to make her comeback to the big screen.", "Sunset Boulevard (musical) __knowledge__ Romance and tragedy follow.", "Sunset Boulevard (musical) __knowledge__ Opening first in London in 1993, the musical has had several long runs internationally and also enjoyed extensive tours.", "Glenn Close __knowledge__ Glenn Close (born Glenda Veronica Close; March 19, 1947) is an American actress, singer and film producer.", "Glenn Close __knowledge__ Close began her professional stage career in 1974 in \"Love for Love\", and was mostly a New York stage actress through the rest of the 1970s and early 1980s, appearing in both plays and musicals, including the Broadway productions of \"Barnum\" in 1980 and \"The Real Thing\" in 1983, for which she won the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play.", "Glenn Close __knowledge__ Her film debut was in \"The World According to Garp\" (1982), which she followed up with supporting roles in \"The Big Chill\" (1983) and \"The Natural\" (1984); all three earned her nominations for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.", "List of neighborhoods in San Francisco __knowledge__ San Francisco, U.S. state of California, has both major, well-known neighborhoods and districts as well as smaller, specific subsections and developments.", "List of neighborhoods in San Francisco __knowledge__ While there is considerable fluidity among the sources, one guidebook identifies five major districts, corresponding to the four quadrants plus a south central district.", "List of neighborhoods in San Francisco __knowledge__ These five broad districts, counterclockwise are: Central/downtown, Richmond, Sunset, Upper Market and beyond (south central) and Bernal Heights/Bayview and beyond (southeast).", "List of neighborhoods in San Francisco __knowledge__ Within each of these five districts are located major neighborhoods, and again there is considerable fluidity seen in the sources." ] ]

[ 6, 47, 31, 21, 47 ]

[ "I like dusk.its the end of an astronomical twilight and its the darkest time before night.", "I just like how its not very common and it dosnt last. its just ashort moment of darkness before the twilight and its so inpirational", "Yes, i try to if im not distracted with an external/internal source.", "I like sunset boulevard. its an american movie made in 1950", "its a movie about a guy and a lady, the lady draws the guy into a fantasy world of some sort." ]

[ "Sunset", "Sunset", "Sunset", "Sunset", "Sunset" ]

[ "Back pain\nMan, my back is constantly hurting. Having chronic back pain really puts a damper on everything. ", "Yes, lower back pain is the most common type of back pain. I have pain there also. I believe bad posture can make it worse too. ", "Those are good odds. I'll keep my fingers crossed that I'm better by six weeks. Do you recommend back stretches or anything like that?", "Wow. That sounds pretty intense but I'm sure it must improve his symptoms. Have you been to a chiropractor for back pain services?", "That's a good point. It's risky to put a body part as important as your spine in the hands of someone you're not too sure is qualified to tweak with it. Could come out worse than when you went in. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is pain in any region of the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The lumbar area is the most common area for pain, as it supports most of the weight in the upper body.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Episodes of back pain may be acute, sub-acute, or chronic depending on the duration.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The pain may be characterized as a dull ache, shooting or piercing pain, or a burning sensation.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Discomfort can radiate into the arms and hands as well as the legs or feet, and may include numbness, or weakness in the legs and arms.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain can originate from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Internal structures such as the gallbladder, pancreas, aorta, and kidneys may also cause referred pain in the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is common, with about nine out of ten adults experiencing it at some point in their life, and five out of ten working adults having it every year.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Some estimate up to 95% of Americans will experience back pain at some point in their lifetime.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is the most common cause of chronic pain, and is a major contributor of missed work and disability.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder involving the muscles, nerves, and bones of the back.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Pain can vary from a dull constant ache to a sudden sharp feeling.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Low back pain may be classified by duration as acute (pain lasting less than 6 weeks), sub-chronic (6 to 12 weeks), or chronic (more than 12 weeks).", "Low back pain __knowledge__ The condition may be further classified by the underlying cause as either mechanical, non-mechanical, or referred pain.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ The symptoms of low back pain usually improve within a few weeks from the time they start, with 40-90% of people completely better by six weeks.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ In most episodes of low back pain, a specific underlying cause is not identified or even looked for, with the pain believed to be due to mechanical problems such as muscle or joint strain.", "Tension myositis syndrome __knowledge__ Tension myositis syndrome (TMS), also known as tension myoneural syndrome or mindbody syndrome is a name given by John E. Sarno to a condition he describes as characterized by psychogenic musculoskeletal and nerve symptoms, most notably back pain.", "Tension myositis syndrome __knowledge__ Sarno, a Professor of Clinical Rehabilitation Medicine at New York University School of Medicine and Attending Physician at The Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine at New York University Medical Center, has described TMS in four books, and has stated that the condition may be involved in other pain disorders as well.", "Tension myositis syndrome __knowledge__ The treatment protocol for TMS includes education, writing about emotional issues, resumption of a normal lifestyle and, for some patients, support meetings and/or psychotherapy.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ Mesoblast Limited is an Australian-based regenerative medicine company.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ It seeks to provide treatments for inflammatory ailments, cardiovascular disease and back pain.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ The company is led by Silviu Itescu, who founded the company in 2004.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ The company is developing a range of regenerative products derived from its proprietary mesenchymal lineage cells.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ This includes Mesenchymal Precursor Cells (MPCs) and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs).", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ Highly purified and immunoselected MPCs and the culture expanded MSCs give rise to secrete trophic factors that then exert multiple mechanisms of action.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ Mesenchymal lineage precursors have the ability to detect injury and inflammation and respond to local stimuli and signals from the injured tissue by releasing a wide range of biomolecules (growth factors, chemokines, enzymes etc.)", "A. V. Apkarian __knowledge__ Apkar Vania Apkarian is a professor of physiology, anesthesiology, and physical medicine and rehabilitation at Northwestern University in the Feinberg School of Medicine.", "A. V. Apkarian __knowledge__ He has been a pioneer in the use of Magnetic resonance spectroscopy to study the neurochemistry of the brain and the development of novel analytical approaches to studying consciousness, including the first demonstration of the brain's small-world network properties using fMRI.", "A. V. Apkarian __knowledge__ In 2008, Dr. Apkarian proposed the theory that chronic pain is a form of emotional learning, which popularized the study of reward learning within the pain research field.", "Pain management __knowledge__ Pain management, pain medicine, pain control or algiatry, is a branch of medicine employing an interdisciplinary approach for easing the suffering and improving the quality of life of those living with chronic pain The typical pain management team includes medical practitioners, pharmacists, clinical psychologists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, physician assistants, nurses.", "Pain management __knowledge__ The team may also include other mental health specialists and massage therapists.", "Pain management __knowledge__ Pain sometimes resolves promptly once the underlying trauma or pathology has healed, and is treated by one practitioner, with drugs such as analgesics and (occasionally) anxiolytics.", "Failed back syndrome __knowledge__ Failed back syndrome or post-laminectomy syndrome is a condition characterized by chronic pain following back surgeries.", "Failed back syndrome __knowledge__ Many factors can contribute to the onset or development of FBS, including residual or recurrent spinal disc herniation, persistent post-operative pressure on a spinal nerve, altered joint mobility, joint hypermobility with instability, scar tissue (fibrosis), depression, anxiety, sleeplessness, spinal muscular deconditioning and even \"Propionibacterium acnes\" infection.", "Failed back syndrome __knowledge__ An individual may be predisposed to the development of FBS due to systemic disorders such as diabetes, autoimmune disease and peripheral blood vessels (vascular) disease." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is pain in any region of the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The lumbar area is the most common area for pain, as it supports most of the weight in the upper body.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Episodes of back pain may be acute, sub-acute, or chronic depending on the duration.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The pain may be characterized as a dull ache, shooting or piercing pain, or a burning sensation.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Discomfort can radiate into the arms and hands as well as the legs or feet, and may include numbness, or weakness in the legs and arms.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain can originate from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Internal structures such as the gallbladder, pancreas, aorta, and kidneys may also cause referred pain in the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is common, with about nine out of ten adults experiencing it at some point in their life, and five out of ten working adults having it every year.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Some estimate up to 95% of Americans will experience back pain at some point in their lifetime.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is the most common cause of chronic pain, and is a major contributor of missed work and disability.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder involving the muscles, nerves, and bones of the back.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Pain can vary from a dull constant ache to a sudden sharp feeling.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Low back pain may be classified by duration as acute (pain lasting less than 6 weeks), sub-chronic (6 to 12 weeks), or chronic (more than 12 weeks).", "Low back pain __knowledge__ The condition may be further classified by the underlying cause as either mechanical, non-mechanical, or referred pain.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ The symptoms of low back pain usually improve within a few weeks from the time they start, with 40-90% of people completely better by six weeks.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ In most episodes of low back pain, a specific underlying cause is not identified or even looked for, with the pain believed to be due to mechanical problems such as muscle or joint strain.", "McKenzie method __knowledge__ The McKenzie method (also MDT = Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy) is a comprehensive method of care primarily used in physical therapy.", "McKenzie method __knowledge__ New Zealand physical therapist Robin McKenzie, OBE (1931–2013) developed the method in the late 1950s.", "McKenzie method __knowledge__ In 1981 he launched the concept which he called \"Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy (MDT)\" – a system encompassing assessment (evaluation), diagnosis and treatment for the spine and extremities.", "McKenzie method __knowledge__ MDT categorises patients' complaints not on an anatomical basis, but subgroups them by the clinical presentation of patients.", "McKenzie method __knowledge__ The McKenzie method consists of two components used to treat musculosceletal conditions: assessment and intervention.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine in which thin needles are inserted into the body.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is a key component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ TCM theory and practice are not based upon scientific knowledge, and acupuncture is a pseudoscience.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ There is a diverse range of acupuncture theories based on different philosophies, and techniques vary depending on the country.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ The method used in TCM is likely the most widespread in the United States.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is most often used for pain relief, though it is also used for a wide range of other conditions.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is generally used only in combination with other forms of treatment.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ Mesoblast Limited is an Australian-based regenerative medicine company.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ It seeks to provide treatments for inflammatory ailments, cardiovascular disease and back pain.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ The company is led by Silviu Itescu, who founded the company in 2004.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ The company is developing a range of regenerative products derived from its proprietary mesenchymal lineage cells.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ This includes Mesenchymal Precursor Cells (MPCs) and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs).", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ Highly purified and immunoselected MPCs and the culture expanded MSCs give rise to secrete trophic factors that then exert multiple mechanisms of action.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ Mesenchymal lineage precursors have the ability to detect injury and inflammation and respond to local stimuli and signals from the injured tissue by releasing a wide range of biomolecules (growth factors, chemokines, enzymes etc.)", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Chiropractic is a form of alternative medicine mostly concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system, especially the spine.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Proponents claim that such disorders affect general health via the nervous system.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ These claims are not backed by any evidence.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ The main chiropractic treatment technique involves manual therapy, especially spinal manipulation therapy (SMT), manipulations of other joints and soft tissues.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Its foundation is at odds with mainstream medicine, and chiropractic is sustained by pseudoscientific ideas such as subluxation and \"innate intelligence\" that are not based on sound science.", "Spinal disc herniation __knowledge__ Spinal disc herniation, also known as a slipped disc, is a medical condition affecting the spine in which a tear in the outer, fibrous ring of an intervertebral disc allows the soft, central portion to bulge out beyond the damaged outer rings.", "Spinal disc herniation __knowledge__ Disc herniation is usually due to age-related degeneration of the outer ring, known as the anulus fibrosus, although trauma, lifting injuries, or straining have been implicated as well.", "Spinal disc herniation __knowledge__ Tears are almost always postero-lateral (on the back of the sides) owing to the presence of the posterior longitudinal ligament in the spinal canal.", "Spinal disc herniation __knowledge__ This tear in the disc ring may result in the release of chemicals causing inflammation, which may directly cause severe pain even in the absence of nerve root compression.", "Piriformis syndrome __knowledge__ Piriformis syndrome is a controversial condition which is believed to result from compression of the sciatic nerve around the piriformis muscle.", "Piriformis syndrome __knowledge__ Symptoms may include pain and numbness in the buttocks and down the leg.", "Piriformis syndrome __knowledge__ Often symptoms are worsened with sitting or running.", "Piriformis syndrome __knowledge__ Causes may include trauma to the gluteal muscle, spasms of the piriformis muscle, anatomical variation, or an overuse injury.", "Piriformis syndrome __knowledge__ Few cases in athletics, however, have been described.", "Piriformis syndrome __knowledge__ Diagnosis is difficult as there is no definitive test.", "Piriformis syndrome __knowledge__ A number of physical exam maneuvers can be supportive.", "Piriformis syndrome __knowledge__ Medical imaging is typically normal.", "Piriformis syndrome __knowledge__ Other conditions that may present similarly include a herniated disc.", "Musculoskeletal disorder __knowledge__ Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are injuries or pain in the human musculoskeletal system, including the joints, ligaments, muscles, nerves, tendons, and structures that support limbs, neck and back.", "Musculoskeletal disorder __knowledge__ MSDs can arise from a sudden exertion (e.g., lifting a heavy object), or they can arise from making the same motions repeatedly repetitive strain, or from repeated exposure to force, vibration, or awkward posture.", "Musculoskeletal disorder __knowledge__ Injuries and pain in the musculoskeletal system caused by acute traumatic events like a car accident or fall are not considered musculoskeletal disorders.", "Musculoskeletal disorder __knowledge__ MSDs can affect many different parts of the body including upper and lower back, neck, shoulders and extremities (arms, legs, feet, and hands)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is pain in any region of the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The lumbar area is the most common area for pain, as it supports most of the weight in the upper body.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Episodes of back pain may be acute, sub-acute, or chronic depending on the duration.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The pain may be characterized as a dull ache, shooting or piercing pain, or a burning sensation.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Discomfort can radiate into the arms and hands as well as the legs or feet, and may include numbness, or weakness in the legs and arms.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain can originate from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Internal structures such as the gallbladder, pancreas, aorta, and kidneys may also cause referred pain in the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is common, with about nine out of ten adults experiencing it at some point in their life, and five out of ten working adults having it every year.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Some estimate up to 95% of Americans will experience back pain at some point in their lifetime.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is the most common cause of chronic pain, and is a major contributor of missed work and disability.", "Crossed fingers __knowledge__ To cross one's fingers is a hand gesture commonly used to wish for luck.", "Crossed fingers __knowledge__ Occasionally it is interpreted as an attempt to implore God for protection.", "Crossed fingers __knowledge__ The gesture is referred to by the common expressions \"cross your fingers\", \"keep your fingers crossed\", or just \"fingers crossed\".", "Crossed fingers __knowledge__ Some people, mostly children, also use the gesture to excuse their telling of a white lie.", "Crossed fingers __knowledge__ By extension, a similar belief is that crossing one's fingers invalidates a promise being made.", "Crossed fingers __knowledge__ The origin of the gesture traces back to the biblical Kingdom of Israel.", "Crossed fingers __knowledge__ Courts of Mosaic law would often render verdicts with the phrase \"May God have mercy upon your soul\" in order to reaffirm God's supreme authority over the law.", "Architecture in Helsinki __knowledge__ Architecture in Helsinki is an Australian indie pop band which consists of Cameron Bird, Gus Franklin, Jamie Mildren, Sam Perry, and Kellie Sutherland.", "Architecture in Helsinki __knowledge__ The band has released five studio albums: \"Fingers Crossed\" (2003), \"In Case We Die\" (2005), \"Places Like This\" (2007), \"Moment Bends\" (2011), and \"Now + 4eva\" (2014).", "Architecture in Helsinki __knowledge__ Architecture in Helsinki developed from a short-lived high school music experiment in Albury, New South Wales, by childhood friends Cameron Bird (lead singer), Jamie Mildren and Sam Perry.", "Architecture in Helsinki __knowledge__ By 1999, the trio had moved to the Melbourne suburb of Fitzroy, where they used the name Architecture in Helsinki for Bird's first collection of self-penned songs.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig __knowledge__ Field Marshal Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig, (; 19 June 1861 – 29 January 1928), was a senior officer of the British Army.", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig __knowledge__ During the First World War he commanded the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) on the Western Front from late 1915 until the end of the war.", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig __knowledge__ He was commander during the Battle of the Somme, the battle with one of the highest casualties in British military history, the Third Battle of Ypres, the German Spring Offensive, and the Hundred Days Offensive, which led to the armistice of 11 November 1918.", "Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig __knowledge__ Although he had gained a favourable reputation during the immediate post-war years, with his funeral becoming a day of national mourning, Haig has since the 1960s become an object of criticism for his leadership during the First World War.", "Kuji-in __knowledge__ Ku-ji means “nine symbolic cuts” and refers to a variety of mantras that consist of nine syllables.", "Kuji-in __knowledge__ The syllables used in kuji are numerous, especially within the realm of mikkyo (Japanese esoteric Buddhism).", "Kuji-in __knowledge__ Scholars have stated that kuji is of Taoist origin, not Buddhist.", "Kuji-in __knowledge__ There is no record of the kuji in any of the Shingon or Tendai records that were brought back from China.", "Kuji-in __knowledge__ The use of kuji is largely a layman’s practice, and not seen in the orthodox Buddhist traditions.", "Kuji-in __knowledge__ It is found extensively in Shugendō, the ascetic mountain tradition of Japan, and ryobu Shinto, which is the result of blending Buddhist and Shinto beliefs.", "Proud Refuge __knowledge__ Zachary Mwai Mwangi (born December 22, 1995), known as Proud Refuge, is a Kenyan-American Christian hip hop artist, songwriter, record producer, and actor.", "Proud Refuge __knowledge__ He is the president, co-owner, and co-founder of the independent record label GBA Records International, and the founder of the non-profit organization \"Mountain Movers Club\".", "Proud Refuge __knowledge__ To date, he has released two studio albums, an EP as a solo artist, and several singles with countless features from various names in the music industry.", "Proud Refuge __knowledge__ He produced much of his earlier material alongside his cousin G.K music.", "Proud Refuge __knowledge__ Proud Refuge, in reference to his label as a Christian rapper, has stated that his music is just hip hop/rap, though it reflects his Christian faith and solely inspired by God.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder involving the muscles, nerves, and bones of the back.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Pain can vary from a dull constant ache to a sudden sharp feeling.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Low back pain may be classified by duration as acute (pain lasting less than 6 weeks), sub-chronic (6 to 12 weeks), or chronic (more than 12 weeks).", "Low back pain __knowledge__ The condition may be further classified by the underlying cause as either mechanical, non-mechanical, or referred pain.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ The symptoms of low back pain usually improve within a few weeks from the time they start, with 40-90% of people completely better by six weeks.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ In most episodes of low back pain, a specific underlying cause is not identified or even looked for, with the pain believed to be due to mechanical problems such as muscle or joint strain.", "Failed back syndrome __knowledge__ Failed back syndrome or post-laminectomy syndrome is a condition characterized by chronic pain following back surgeries.", "Failed back syndrome __knowledge__ Many factors can contribute to the onset or development of FBS, including residual or recurrent spinal disc herniation, persistent post-operative pressure on a spinal nerve, altered joint mobility, joint hypermobility with instability, scar tissue (fibrosis), depression, anxiety, sleeplessness, spinal muscular deconditioning and even \"Propionibacterium acnes\" infection.", "Failed back syndrome __knowledge__ An individual may be predisposed to the development of FBS due to systemic disorders such as diabetes, autoimmune disease and peripheral blood vessels (vascular) disease.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine in which thin needles are inserted into the body.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is a key component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ TCM theory and practice are not based upon scientific knowledge, and acupuncture is a pseudoscience.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ There is a diverse range of acupuncture theories based on different philosophies, and techniques vary depending on the country.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ The method used in TCM is likely the most widespread in the United States.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is most often used for pain relief, though it is also used for a wide range of other conditions.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is generally used only in combination with other forms of treatment.", "John Frank (epidemiologist) __knowledge__ John Frank, MD, CCFP, MSc, FRCPC, FCAHS, FFPH, FRSE, LLD (born 1949) is a Canadian epidemiologist.", "John Frank (epidemiologist) __knowledge__ He was trained in medicine and community medicine at the University of Toronto, in family medicine at McMaster University, and in epidemiology at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.", "John Frank (epidemiologist) __knowledge__ He was the founding Director of Research at the Institute for Work & Health in Toronto from 1991 until 1997, and was a Senior Scientist at that Institute until 2008.", "John Frank (epidemiologist) __knowledge__ Frank was a Fellow with the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Population Health Program until it closed in 2003, and Professor at the University of Toronto in the Department of Public Health Sciences (now the Dalla Lana School of Public Health) from 1983 until 2008.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Chiropractic is a form of alternative medicine mostly concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system, especially the spine.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Proponents claim that such disorders affect general health via the nervous system.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ These claims are not backed by any evidence.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ The main chiropractic treatment technique involves manual therapy, especially spinal manipulation therapy (SMT), manipulations of other joints and soft tissues.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Its foundation is at odds with mainstream medicine, and chiropractic is sustained by pseudoscientific ideas such as subluxation and \"innate intelligence\" that are not based on sound science.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ Mesoblast Limited is an Australian-based regenerative medicine company.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ It seeks to provide treatments for inflammatory ailments, cardiovascular disease and back pain.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ The company is led by Silviu Itescu, who founded the company in 2004.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ The company is developing a range of regenerative products derived from its proprietary mesenchymal lineage cells.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ This includes Mesenchymal Precursor Cells (MPCs) and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs).", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ Highly purified and immunoselected MPCs and the culture expanded MSCs give rise to secrete trophic factors that then exert multiple mechanisms of action.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ Mesenchymal lineage precursors have the ability to detect injury and inflammation and respond to local stimuli and signals from the injured tissue by releasing a wide range of biomolecules (growth factors, chemokines, enzymes etc.)" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is pain in any region of the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The lumbar area is the most common area for pain, as it supports most of the weight in the upper body.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Episodes of back pain may be acute, sub-acute, or chronic depending on the duration.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The pain may be characterized as a dull ache, shooting or piercing pain, or a burning sensation.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Discomfort can radiate into the arms and hands as well as the legs or feet, and may include numbness, or weakness in the legs and arms.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain can originate from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Internal structures such as the gallbladder, pancreas, aorta, and kidneys may also cause referred pain in the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is common, with about nine out of ten adults experiencing it at some point in their life, and five out of ten working adults having it every year.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Some estimate up to 95% of Americans will experience back pain at some point in their lifetime.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is the most common cause of chronic pain, and is a major contributor of missed work and disability.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder involving the muscles, nerves, and bones of the back.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Pain can vary from a dull constant ache to a sudden sharp feeling.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Low back pain may be classified by duration as acute (pain lasting less than 6 weeks), sub-chronic (6 to 12 weeks), or chronic (more than 12 weeks).", "Low back pain __knowledge__ The condition may be further classified by the underlying cause as either mechanical, non-mechanical, or referred pain.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ The symptoms of low back pain usually improve within a few weeks from the time they start, with 40-90% of people completely better by six weeks.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ In most episodes of low back pain, a specific underlying cause is not identified or even looked for, with the pain believed to be due to mechanical problems such as muscle or joint strain.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Chiropractic is a form of alternative medicine mostly concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system, especially the spine.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Proponents claim that such disorders affect general health via the nervous system.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ These claims are not backed by any evidence.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ The main chiropractic treatment technique involves manual therapy, especially spinal manipulation therapy (SMT), manipulations of other joints and soft tissues.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Its foundation is at odds with mainstream medicine, and chiropractic is sustained by pseudoscientific ideas such as subluxation and \"innate intelligence\" that are not based on sound science.", "Chiropractic controversy and criticism __knowledge__ Throughout its history chiropractic has been the subject of internal and external controversy and criticism.", "Chiropractic controversy and criticism __knowledge__ According to magnetic healer Daniel D. Palmer, the founder of chiropractic, \"vertebral subluxation\" was the sole cause of all diseases and manipulation was the cure for all diseases of the human race.", "Chiropractic controversy and criticism __knowledge__ A 2003 profession-wide survey found \"most chiropractors (whether 'straights' or 'mixers') still hold views of Innate Intelligence and of the cause and cure of disease (not just back pain) consistent with those of the Palmers.\"", "Chiropractic controversy and criticism __knowledge__ A critical evaluation stated \"Chiropractic is rooted in mystical concepts.", "Failed back syndrome __knowledge__ Failed back syndrome or post-laminectomy syndrome is a condition characterized by chronic pain following back surgeries.", "Failed back syndrome __knowledge__ Many factors can contribute to the onset or development of FBS, including residual or recurrent spinal disc herniation, persistent post-operative pressure on a spinal nerve, altered joint mobility, joint hypermobility with instability, scar tissue (fibrosis), depression, anxiety, sleeplessness, spinal muscular deconditioning and even \"Propionibacterium acnes\" infection.", "Failed back syndrome __knowledge__ An individual may be predisposed to the development of FBS due to systemic disorders such as diabetes, autoimmune disease and peripheral blood vessels (vascular) disease.", "Gabor B. Racz __knowledge__ Gábor Béla Rácz (born 1937), is a board-certified anesthesiologist and professor emeritus at Texas Tech University Health Science Center (TTUHSC) in Lubbock, Texas, where he is also Chairman Emeritus of the Department of Anesthesiology and Co-Director of Pain Services.", "Gabor B. Racz __knowledge__ He has worked in the field of chronic back pain and complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS).", "Gabor B. Racz __knowledge__ In 1982, he designed the Racz catheter, a flexible, spring-wound catheter with a small fluoroscopic probe.", "Gabor B. Racz __knowledge__ In 1989, he developed epidural lysis of adhesions, sometimes referred to as percutaneous adhesiolysis, or simply the Racz procedure.", "Gabor B. Racz __knowledge__ It is a minimally invasive, percutaneous intervention for treating chronic spinal pain often due to scarring after post lumbar surgery syndrome, sometimes called failed back surgery, and also low-back and radicular pain from spinal stenosis, a disease of aging.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine in which thin needles are inserted into the body.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is a key component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ TCM theory and practice are not based upon scientific knowledge, and acupuncture is a pseudoscience.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ There is a diverse range of acupuncture theories based on different philosophies, and techniques vary depending on the country.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ The method used in TCM is likely the most widespread in the United States.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is most often used for pain relief, though it is also used for a wide range of other conditions.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is generally used only in combination with other forms of treatment.", "Pain management __knowledge__ Pain management, pain medicine, pain control or algiatry, is a branch of medicine employing an interdisciplinary approach for easing the suffering and improving the quality of life of those living with chronic pain The typical pain management team includes medical practitioners, pharmacists, clinical psychologists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, physician assistants, nurses.", "Pain management __knowledge__ The team may also include other mental health specialists and massage therapists.", "Pain management __knowledge__ Pain sometimes resolves promptly once the underlying trauma or pathology has healed, and is treated by one practitioner, with drugs such as analgesics and (occasionally) anxiolytics.", "Chronic pain __knowledge__ Chronic pain is pain that lasts a long time.", "Chronic pain __knowledge__ In medicine, the distinction between acute and chronic pain is sometimes determined by an arbitrary interval of time since onset; the two most commonly used markers being 3 months and 6 months since onset, though some theorists and researchers have placed the transition from acute to chronic pain at 12 months.", "Chronic pain __knowledge__ Others apply \"acute\" to pain that lasts less than 30 days, \"chronic\" to pain of more than six months duration, and \"subacute\" to pain that lasts from one to six months.", "Chronic pain __knowledge__ A popular alternative definition of \"chronic pain\", involving no arbitrarily fixed duration, is \"pain that extends beyond the expected period of healing\".", "Childhood chronic pain __knowledge__ Childhood chronic pain affects at least 5% of the population under the age of 18, according to conservative epidemiological studies.", "Childhood chronic pain __knowledge__ Rates of paediatric chronic pain have also increased in the past 20 years.", "Childhood chronic pain __knowledge__ While chronic pain conditions vary significantly in severity, they often affect children's mental health, academic performance, and general quality of life.", "Childhood chronic pain __knowledge__ The outcomes of childhood chronic pain are affected by a number of factors, including demographic factors, genetics, and school and family support.", "Childhood chronic pain __knowledge__ Chronic pain is defined as pain that lasts at least 3–6 months and, in the case of injury or surgery, remains present after standard recovery time has elapsed.", "Biofeedback __knowledge__ Biofeedback is the process of gaining greater awareness of many physiological functions primarily using instruments that provide information on the activity of those same systems, with a goal of being able to manipulate them at will.", "Biofeedback __knowledge__ Some of the processes that can be controlled include brainwaves, muscle tone, skin conductance, heart rate and pain perception.", "Biofeedback __knowledge__ Biofeedback may be used to improve health, performance, and the physiological changes that often occur in conjunction with changes to thoughts, emotions, and behavior.", "Biofeedback __knowledge__ Eventually, these changes may be maintained without the use of extra equipment, for no equipment is necessarily required to practice biofeedback." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is pain in any region of the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The lumbar area is the most common area for pain, as it supports most of the weight in the upper body.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Episodes of back pain may be acute, sub-acute, or chronic depending on the duration.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The pain may be characterized as a dull ache, shooting or piercing pain, or a burning sensation.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Discomfort can radiate into the arms and hands as well as the legs or feet, and may include numbness, or weakness in the legs and arms.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain can originate from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Internal structures such as the gallbladder, pancreas, aorta, and kidneys may also cause referred pain in the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is common, with about nine out of ten adults experiencing it at some point in their life, and five out of ten working adults having it every year.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Some estimate up to 95% of Americans will experience back pain at some point in their lifetime.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is the most common cause of chronic pain, and is a major contributor of missed work and disability.", "List of minor characters in Judge Dredd __knowledge__ This is a list of minor characters in the British comic strip Judge Dredd appearing in \"2000 AD\", \"Judge Dredd Megazine\" and related publications.", "List of minor characters in Judge Dredd __knowledge__ They are listed alphabetically by surname, in categories.", "List of minor characters in Judge Dredd __knowledge__ Psi-Judge Kit Agee was one of Justice Department's telepaths, and a friend of Judge Anderson.", "List of minor characters in Judge Dredd __knowledge__ In 2112 she was abducted by Judge Kraken, who was being controlled by the Sisters of Death.", "List of minor characters in Judge Dredd __knowledge__ The Sisters, who inhabited another dimension, used Agee to establish a psionic link to Earth, where they were able to seize control of Mega-City One, ultimately killing millions of people.", "List of minor characters in Judge Dredd __knowledge__ On Anderson's advice, Judge Dredd killed Agee, severing the psychic link and banishing the Sisters back to their homeworld.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the \"Wild Cards\" book series.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ The Astronomer is a character from the \"Wild Cards\" series of books.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ He first appeared in the short story \"Pennies from Hell\" by Lewis Shiner in \"Wild Cards II: Aces High\", though his presence was earlier implied in \"The Long, Dark Night of Fortunato\" in the first volume of the series.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ Leader of a cult consisting mainly of superhuman aces and deformed jokers known as the Egyptian Freemasons.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ The Astronomer planned to conquer the world in the aftermath of an invasion by fungoid aliens called the Swarm.", "List of Wild Cards characters __knowledge__ Unknown to him, the Shakti device of the Egyptian Freemasons lacked a power source and was designed to contact an alien organization, the Network.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from the \"Forgotten Realms\" campaign setting for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters have appeared in the multiple series of novels set in the \"Forgotten Realms\".", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Many have some magical abilities.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Aballister Bonaduce is the nemesis of his son Cadderly Bonaduce, the main character of R.A. Salvatore's The Cleric Quintet.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Calculating, cold, and merciless, Aballister is determined to complete his conquest of the region.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Guided by the goddess Talona, Mistress of Poison, Aballister creates The Chaos Curse and unleashes it upon The Edificant Library, home of Cadderly and his friends.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ During the 2012–13 season, Sheffield Wednesday Football Club competed in the 2012–13 Football League Championship, the FA Cup and the League Cup.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Sheffield Wednesday have stayed in the Football League Championship after recently being promoted from the Football League One the previous year.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ They were managed by Dave Jones, while the club's chairman was Milan Mandaric.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Their league season kicked off on 18 August 2012, while the League Cup began a week earlier as they entered at Round 1 of the competition.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ In the FA Cup, The Owls began in January as they entered at Round 3.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Pre-season for Sheffield Wednesday is due to kick-off at the beginning of July 2012.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Brian Jacques' fantasy series \"Redwall\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the Abbey Warriors from the books \"The Legend of Luke\" to \"Eulalia!\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Martin I is an anthropomorphic mouse, appearing in the \"Redwall\" series by Brian Jacques.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Known as \"Martin the Warrior\" throughout the Redwall series, Martin, a woodland mouse, is the son of Luke the Warrior and his mate Sayna.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke is the kindly leader of an idyllic tribe of mice.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Their settlement is sacked by a wicked stoat pirate named Vilu Daskar, and Sayna is killed.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke vows revenge against the corsair captain and sets out after him, refusing Martin's wishes to join him, but leaving his sword in his son's possession.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Chiropractic is a form of alternative medicine mostly concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system, especially the spine.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Proponents claim that such disorders affect general health via the nervous system.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ These claims are not backed by any evidence.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ The main chiropractic treatment technique involves manual therapy, especially spinal manipulation therapy (SMT), manipulations of other joints and soft tissues.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Its foundation is at odds with mainstream medicine, and chiropractic is sustained by pseudoscientific ideas such as subluxation and \"innate intelligence\" that are not based on sound science.", "Chiropractic controversy and criticism __knowledge__ Throughout its history chiropractic has been the subject of internal and external controversy and criticism.", "Chiropractic controversy and criticism __knowledge__ According to magnetic healer Daniel D. Palmer, the founder of chiropractic, \"vertebral subluxation\" was the sole cause of all diseases and manipulation was the cure for all diseases of the human race.", "Chiropractic controversy and criticism __knowledge__ A 2003 profession-wide survey found \"most chiropractors (whether 'straights' or 'mixers') still hold views of Innate Intelligence and of the cause and cure of disease (not just back pain) consistent with those of the Palmers.\"", "Chiropractic controversy and criticism __knowledge__ A critical evaluation stated \"Chiropractic is rooted in mystical concepts.", "Alternative medicine __knowledge__ Alternative medicine or fringe medicine consists of practices claimed to have the healing effects of medicine but which are disproven, unproven, impossible to prove, or are excessively harmful in relation to their effect; and where the scientific consensus is that the therapy does not, or cannot, work because the known laws of nature are violated by its basic claims; or where it is considered so much worse than conventional treatment that it would be unethical to offer as treatment.", "Alternative medicine __knowledge__ Alternative therapies or diagnoses are not part of medicine or science-based healthcare systems.", "Alternative medicine __knowledge__ Alternative medicine consists of a wide variety of practices, products, and therapies – ranging from those that are biologically plausible but not well tested, to those with known harmful and toxic effects.", "History of chiropractic __knowledge__ The history of chiropractic began in 1895 when Daniel David Palmer of Iowa performed the first chiropractic adjustment on a partially deaf janitor, Harvey Lillard.", "History of chiropractic __knowledge__ While Lillard was working without his shirt on in Palmers office, Lillard bent over to empty the trash can.", "History of chiropractic __knowledge__ Palmer noticed that Lillard had a vertebra out of position.", "History of chiropractic __knowledge__ He asked Lillard what happened, and Lillard replied, \"I moved the wrong way, and I heard a 'pop' in my back, and that's when I lost my hearing.\"", "History of chiropractic __knowledge__ Palmer, who was also involved in many other natural healing philosophies, had Lillard lie face down on the floor and proceeded with the adjustment.", "Homeopathy __knowledge__ Homeopathy is a system of alternative medicine created in 1796 by Samuel Hahnemann, based on his doctrine of \"like cures like\" (\"similia similibus curentur\"), a claim that a substance that causes the symptoms of a disease in healthy people would cure similar symptoms in sick people.", "Homeopathy __knowledge__ Homeopathy is a pseudoscience – a belief that is incorrectly presented as scientific.", "Homeopathy __knowledge__ Homeopathic preparations are not effective for treating any condition; large-scale studies have found homeopathy to be no more effective than a placebo, indicating that any positive effects that follow treatment are only due to the placebo effect, normal recovery from illness, or regression toward the mean.", "History of alternative medicine __knowledge__ The history of alternative medicine refers to the history of a group of diverse medical practices that were collectively promoted as \"alternative medicine\" beginning in the 1970s, to the collection of individual histories of members of that group, or to the history of western medical practices that were labeled \"irregular practices\" by the western medical establishment.", "History of alternative medicine __knowledge__ It includes the histories of complementary medicine and of integrative medicine.", "History of alternative medicine __knowledge__ \"Alternative medicine\" is a loosely defined and very diverse set of products, practices, and theories that are perceived by its users to have the healing effects of medicine, but do not originate from evidence gathered using the scientific method, are not part of biomedicine, or are contradicted by scientific evidence or established science.", "Naturopathy __knowledge__ Naturopathy or naturopathic medicine is a form of alternative medicine that employs an array of pseudoscientific practices branded as \"natural\", \"non-invasive\", and as promoting \"self-healing\".", "Naturopathy __knowledge__ The ideology and methods of naturopathy are based on vitalism and folk medicine, rather than evidence-based medicine.", "Naturopathy __knowledge__ Naturopathic practitioners generally recommend against modern medical practices, including but not limited to medical testing, drugs, vaccinations, and surgery.", "Naturopathy __knowledge__ Instead, naturopathic study and practice rely on unscientific notions, often leading naturopathic doctors to diagnoses and treatments that have no factual merit." ] ]

[ 5, 16, 67, 22, 62 ]

[ "From time to time I will get back pain. Usually after I've been doing some heavy lifting. It's usually a dull ache in my lower back.", " My symptoms for low back pain usually improve within a few weeks if I take it easy. They say 40-90% of people are better by six weeks.", " A friend of mine who has chronic pain typically goes to a chiropractor who specializes in treatment of mechanical disorders of the skeletal system. They manipulate his spine.", "No I won't go. I feel that a chiropractor is at odds with mainstream medicine. Many doctors feel that it's pseudoscientific and not based on sound science.", "I am not a big fan of any alternative therapies. They are not a part of medicine and science-based healthcare practices. I will go to my Doctor, who has a medical degree." ]

[ "Back pain", "Back pain", "Back pain", "Back pain", "Back pain" ]

[ "New York City\nNYC seems like a super cool place to visit one day.", "It seems like it would be very busy but would love to go grab food at all the cool places", "Yea it seems like it would be so expensive too.", "ill visit sometime in the next 5 years myself." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Dhule __knowledge__ Dhule is a one of the major cities in India and a municipal corporation in Dhule District in the northwestern part known as Khandesh of Maharashtra state, India.The town planning of this city was done by Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya.", "Dhule __knowledge__ The city, with industrial areas, schools, hospitals, supermarkets and residential areas, has communications and transport infrastructures.", "Dhule __knowledge__ Dhule has a municipal corporation.", "Dhule __knowledge__ According to the 2011 census, Dhule has a population of 2,050,862 of which male and female are 1,054,031 and 996,831 respectively.", "Dhule __knowledge__ Dhule is largely emerging as one of the upcoming hubs of textile, edible oil, and power-loom across the state and has gained a strategic advantage for being on the junction of three National Highways viz.", "Official state car __knowledge__ An official state car is a car used by a government to transport its head of state or head of government in an official capacity, which may also be used occasionally to transport other members of the government or visiting dignitaries from other countries.", "Official state car __knowledge__ A few countries bring their own official state car for state visits to other countries, for instance, the United States, Russia and the United Kingdom.", "Official state car __knowledge__ It also may serve as an automotive symbol of the head of state and their country.", "Official state car __knowledge__ Part of the criteria for an official state car is to have adequate security, capability and stateliness for its duty.", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ \"Power Rangers Mystic Force\" is the 2006 season of Power Rangers which tells the story of the fight between the Mystic Rangers and the evil Forces of Darkness who are trying to rule over the worlds of mortals and magic.", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ The powers of the Mystic Rangers are derived from beings known as the Ancient Titans, creatures with great elemental powers, symbolized by mythological creatures from various Earth mythologies on the Ranger's visors (the creatures being the phoenix, the sprite, the garuda, the minotaur and the mermaid).", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ To date, they are the only team of Rangers to not have some kind of team-up special with another Ranger team in their own season.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the \"Lorien Legacies\" series of young adult science fiction books, written under the pseudonym Pittacus Lore.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ The Elders were 10 Loric Garde that acted as the protectors and/or politicians of Lorien who had discovered the Phoenix stones, they rewarded Lorien with legacies and chimæra.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ Originally there were ten Lorien Elders, but due to the Secret Wars; the conflict between the Loric and the Mogadorians, the tenth Elder had supposedly died during this time.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ There was a prophecy which said that an unknown evil that will destroy and take Lorien by surprise.", "Don Bosco (author) __knowledge__ Don Bosco (born in June 1971) is a writer and publisher of fiction books from Singapore.", "Don Bosco (author) __knowledge__ In 2011, he founded Super Cool Books, a publishing company with interest in fantasy and mystery stories for children and young adults.", "Don Bosco (author) __knowledge__ As an active advocate of self-publishing and digital publishing, he has published ebooks, paperbacks and an iPad app.", "Don Bosco (author) __knowledge__ Don Bosco received a PhD in Youth culture studies at the National University of Singapore in 2008 Then, he started out writing speculative fiction for middle grade readers.", "Don Bosco (author) __knowledge__ His first books were the Time Talisman ebook series, originally published by Select Books, about three Singaporean kids who travel back in time.", "Cool Biz campaign __knowledge__ The Cool Biz campaign is a Japanese campaign initiated by the Japanese Ministry of the Environment from summer 2005 as a means to help reduce Japanese electricity consumption by limiting the use of air conditioning.", "Cool Biz campaign __knowledge__ This was enabled by changing the standard office air conditioner temperature to 28 °C (or about 82 °F) and introducing a liberal summer dress code in the bureaucracy of the Japanese government so staff could work in the warmer temperature.", "Cool Biz campaign __knowledge__ The campaign then spread to the private sector.", "Cool Biz campaign __knowledge__ This idea was proposed by the then-Minister Yuriko Koike under the cabinet of Prime Minister Junichirō Koizumi.", "Oshin __knowledge__ It was one of the country's most watched serials of all time and has aired in 68 other countries, with subtitles ranging from English to Arabic.", "Oshin __knowledge__ In 1984, the earlier episodes of the drama (focused on young Oshin) were made into an animated movie by Sanrio.", "Oshin __knowledge__ The movie reused Sugako Hashida's scripts, and Ayako Kobayashi, who played young Oshin, did Oshin's voiceover.", "Oshin __knowledge__ \"Oshin\" is based on the fictional biography of a Japanese woman, modeled after the mother of Kazuo Wada, a Japanese businessman who created Yaohan, a Japanese supermarket chain.", "Oshin __knowledge__ The structure of the story was developed through a collection of anonymous letters assembled by ." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "NME's Cool List __knowledge__ \"NME\" Cool List is an annual listing of popular musicians compiled by the weekly British music magazine \"NME\".", "NME's Cool List __knowledge__ The list is created each November by the magazine's writers and journalists, and is based on the 50 musicians that they consider to be the \"coolest\".", "NME's Cool List __knowledge__ Each year's list is first announced by \"NME\" through both a dedicated issue of their magazine and their official website, NME.com – the Cool List issue often attracts high sales.", "NME's Cool List __knowledge__ The list was first published in 2002, to highlight the people who were \"at the forefront of the music scene\" – Jack White, the lead singer of American rock band The White Stripes, topped the first poll.", "Chelyabinsk __knowledge__ Chelyabinsk () is a city and the administrative center of Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, located in the northeast of the oblast, south of Yekaterinburg, just to the east of the Ural Mountains, on the Miass River, on the border of Europe and Asia.", "Chelyabinsk __knowledge__ Population: The fortress of Chelyaba, from which the city takes its name, was founded at the location of the Bashkir village of Chelyaby () by colonel Alexey (Kutlu-Muhammed) Tevkelev in 1736 to protect the surrounding trade routes from possible attacks by Bashkir outlaws.", "Chelyabinsk __knowledge__ During Pugachev's Rebellion, the fortress withstood a siege by the rebel forces in 1774, but was eventually captured for several months in 1775.", "Chelyabinsk meteor __knowledge__ The Chelyabinsk meteor was a superbolide caused by an approximately 20-metre near-Earth asteroid that entered Earth's atmosphere over Russia on 15 February 2013 at about 09:20 YEKT (03:20 UTC), with a speed of 19.16 ± 0.15 kilometres per second (60,000–69,000 km/h or 40,000–42,900 mph).", "Chelyabinsk meteor __knowledge__ It quickly became a brilliant superbolide meteor over the southern Ural region.", "Chelyabinsk meteor __knowledge__ The light from the meteor was brighter than the Sun, visible up to away.", "Chelyabinsk meteor __knowledge__ It was observed over a wide area of the region and in neighbouring republics.", "Chelyabinsk meteor __knowledge__ Some eyewitnesses also felt intense heat from the fireball.", "Chelyabinsk meteor __knowledge__ Due to its high velocity and shallow angle of atmospheric entry, the object exploded in an air burst over Chelyabinsk Oblast, at a height of around .", "Chelyabinsk Oblast __knowledge__ Chelyabinsk Oblast (, \"Chelyabinskaya oblast\") is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia in the Ural Mountains region, on the border of Europe and Asia.", "Chelyabinsk Oblast __knowledge__ Its administrative center is the city of Chelyabinsk.", "Chelyabinsk Oblast __knowledge__ Population: 3,476,217 (2010 Census).", "Chelyabinsk Oblast __knowledge__ During the Middle Ages, the Southern Urals were populated by Bashkir tribes that were part of the Golden Horde, Nogai Horde, and smaller Bashkir unions.", "Chelyabinsk Oblast __knowledge__ The area was incorporated into the Tsardom of Russia in the late 16th century.", "Chelyabinsk Oblast __knowledge__ However, Russian colonization of the region only began in the 18th century, with the establishment of a system of fortresses and trade posts on the then-Russian border by the Orenburg Expedition in 1734.", "Monkey Thieves __knowledge__ Monkey Thieves (), also known as Rebel Monkeys, is a documentary series produced by National Geographic, examining the habits and social interactions of rhesus macaques in the city of Jaipur, in northwestern India.", "Monkey Thieves __knowledge__ \"Monkey Thieves\" follows a family of urban macaques within Jaipur's 'Pink City' and all the drama that comes from living close to humans.", "Monkey Thieves __knowledge__ The series tells the story of the \"Galta Gang\", a sixty-strong troop that lives in the Galta Temple, a Hindu temple on the outskirts of Jaipur.", "Monkey Thieves __knowledge__ This bunch live in luxury because worshipers believe they personify Hanuman, the cherished 'Monkey God' who banished evil in the Indian epic Ramayana.", "Sparks (band) __knowledge__ Sparks are an American pop and rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1972 by brothers Ron (keyboards) and Russell Mael (vocals).", "Sparks (band) __knowledge__ The duo formed in 1968 under the name \"Halfnelson\".", "Sparks (band) __knowledge__ Known for their quirky approach to songwriting, Sparks' music is often accompanied by intelligent, sophisticated, and acerbic lyrics, and an idiosyncratic, theatrical stage presence, typified in the contrast between Russell's animated, hyperactive frontman antics and Ron's deadpan scowling.", "Sparks (band) __knowledge__ They are also noted for Russell Mael's distinctive falsetto voice and Ron Mael's intricate and rhythmic keyboard playing style.", "Sparks (band) __knowledge__ While achieving chart success in various countries around the world including the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy and the United States, they have enjoyed a cult following since their first releases.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the Japanese anime series \"Bakugan Battle Brawlers\".", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ Daniel \"Dan\" Kuso (known in the Japanese version as is the main human protagonist in the series, who, is 12 years old in the first season, 15 in New Vestroia, 16 in Gundalian Invaders, and 17 in Mechtanium Surge.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ In the beginning he is ranked #121, and by episode 39, he is ranked #1, and has become ranked #4 or under in episode 6 of Mechtanium Surge.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ In \"New Vestroia\", Dan returns to New Vestroia to help Drago save the world from the invading Vestals.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ Despite having just been introduced to the new Brawling system, Dan manages to get the hang of it before he battles his way into the Resistance by tying with Ace.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "List of The Baby-Sitters Club novels __knowledge__ This is a list of the novels in \"The Baby-Sitters Club\", a children's book series created by Ann M. Martin.", "List of The Baby-Sitters Club novels __knowledge__ Titles are followed by either the date of the first printing (Shen and hearer) or by the copyright date (just the year).", "List of The Baby-Sitters Club novels __knowledge__ The first 35 novels were written by Martin while the rest were ghostwritten, js 44 written by Peter Lerangis.", "List of The Baby-Sitters Club novels __knowledge__ 36.", "List of The Baby-Sitters Club novels __knowledge__ \"Jessi's Baby-sitter\" (August 1990) - Jessi feels restricted and angry when her aunt moves in and tries to take control of her life.", "List of The Baby-Sitters Club novels __knowledge__ 37.", "List of The Baby-Sitters Club novels __knowledge__ \"Dawn and the Older Boy\" (September 1990) - The members of the Baby-Sitters Club are determined not to let Dawn get hurt by her boyfriend Travis, who is older and always bossing her around.", "Mayoralty of Rudy Giuliani __knowledge__ Rudy Giuliani (full name \"Rudolph William Louis Giuliani\") served as the 107th Mayor of New York City from January 1, 1994 until December 31, 2001.", "Mayoralty of Rudy Giuliani __knowledge__ In Giuliani's first term as mayor the New York City Police Department, under Giuliani appointee Commissioner Bill Bratton, adopted an aggressive enforcement and deterrence strategy based on James Q. Wilson's Broken Windows research.", "Mayoralty of Rudy Giuliani __knowledge__ This involved crackdowns on relatively minor offenses such as graffiti, turnstile jumping, and aggressive \"squeegeemen,\" on the principle that this would send a message that order would be maintained and that the city would be \"cleaned up.\"", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ Mary Jane \"M.J.\" Watson is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ Created by Stan Lee and John Romita, Sr.", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ The character made her first appearance in The Amazing Spider-Man #25.", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ Since then she has gone on to become Peter Parker’s main love interest and later his wife.", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ The character has been portrayed by Kirsten Dunst in the three \"Spider-Man\" feature films directed by Sam Raimi (2002–2007) and by Shailene Woodley in deleted scenes of the 2014 film \"The Amazing Spider-Man 2\".", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ Mary Jane Watson, is first mentioned in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #15 (August 1964), and is initially used as a running joke of the series, as Peter Parker's Aunt May repeatedly attempts to set her unwilling nephew up on a date with her.", "Gossip Girl __knowledge__ Gossip Girl is an American teen drama television series based on the book series of the same name written by Cecily von Ziegesar.", "Gossip Girl __knowledge__ The series, created by Josh Schwartz and Stephanie Savage, originally ran on The CW for six seasons from September 19, 2007, to December 17, 2012.", "Gossip Girl __knowledge__ Narrated by the omniscient blogger \"Gossip Girl\", voiced by Kristen Bell, the series revolves around the fictional lives of upper-class adolescents living in Manhattan's Upper East Side.", "Gossip Girl __knowledge__ The series begins with the return of Upper East Side teenage \"it\" girl Serena van der Woodsen (Blake Lively) from a \"mysterious absence\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "Federal Marriage Amendment __knowledge__ The Federal Marriage Amendment (FMA) (also referred to by proponents as the Marriage Protection Amendment) is a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution which would define marriage in the United States as a union of one man and one woman.", "Federal Marriage Amendment __knowledge__ The FMA would also prevent judicial extension of marriage rights to same-sex or other unmarried heterosexual couples.", "Federal Marriage Amendment __knowledge__ An amendment to the U.S. Constitution requires the support of two thirds of each house of Congress and ratification by three fourths of the states.", "Federal Marriage Amendment __knowledge__ The last Congressional vote on the proposed Amendment occurred in the United States House of Representatives on July 18, 2006, when the Amendment failed 236 to 187, falling short of the 290 votes required for passage in that body.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Yea Big + Kid Static is a hip-hop duo formerly based out of Chicago, Illinois.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ The group's two members, Stefen Robinson and Moses Harris, Jr., have been working together since 2005.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ The duo of Yea Big + Kid Static was formed in late 2005 by Stefen Robinson (Yea Big) and Moses Harris, Jr. (Kid Static).", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Their work is a blend of sample-based experimental hip-hop, D.I.Y.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ punk, and roots music.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Yea Big + Kid Static has toured with bands as diverse as The Mae Shi, Rapider Than Horsepower, Bark Bark Bark and Gentleman Auction House; and released a digital-only side project, \"Secretary\", with Brad Breeck (of The Mae Shi) and Andrea Cochran.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ Daniel R. Liljenquist (born July 10, 1974) is an American businessman and former politician.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He was a Republican member of the Utah State Senate representing the state's 23rd senate district in Davis County from January 2009 to December 2011.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He resigned to run in the 2012 election for U.S. Senate against 36-year-incumbent United States Senator Orrin Hatch.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ Liljenquist was defeated by Hatch in the primary election.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He currently consults on pension reform and healthcare.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He serves on the boards of the Lucy Burns Institute, which publishes Ballotpedia, and the Utah Debate Commission.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ Born in Nashville to Dr. John E. Liljenquist and Colleen Redford Liljenquist, he spent most of his childhood in Idaho Falls.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ The Shire of Yea was a local government area about northeast of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ The shire covered an area of , and existed from 1869 until 1994.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ The shire's population was dominated by the town of Yea.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ Yea was first incorporated as a road district on 1 February 1869, and became a shire on 28 November 1873.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ Its boundaries changed a number of times throughout its existence: The Shire was described in the 1949 Australian Blue Book as an elevated area given to pastoral and dairying pursuits, along with sheep and cattle grazing.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ By 1994, 51% of Yea's land was under cultivation as farmland, with the Kinglake National Park and Yea River Regional Park as well as the Murrindindi Forest, the latter being important to Yea's economy for timber production, accounting for much of the rest.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ 1776 is a musical with music and lyrics by Sherman Edwards and a book by Peter Stone.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ The story is based on the events surrounding the signing of the Declaration of Independence.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It dramatizes the efforts of John Adams to persuade his colleagues to vote for American independence and to sign the document.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It premiered on Broadway in 1969, earning warm reviews, and ran for 1,217 performances.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ The production was nominated for five Tony Awards and won three, including the Tony Award for Best Musical.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ In 1972 it was made into a film adaptation.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It was revived on Broadway in 1997.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ In 1925, Rodgers and Hart had written a musical about the American Revolution, called \"Dearest Enemy\".", "Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ The Gaza War, also known as Operation Cast Lead (), also known as the Gaza Massacre () and the Battle of al-Furqan () by Hamas, was a three-week armed conflict between Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and Israel that began on 27 December 2008 and ended on 18 January 2009 in a unilateral ceasefire.", "Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ Israel's stated goal was to stop indiscriminate Palestinian rocket fire into Israel and weapons smuggling into the Gaza strip.", "Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ Israeli forces attacked police stations, military targets including weapons caches and suspected rocket firing teams, as well as political and administrative institutions in the opening assault, striking in the densely populated cities of Gaza, Khan Yunis and Rafah.", "Hudson County, New Jersey __knowledge__ Hudson County, a county in the U.S. state of New Jersey, lies west of the lower Hudson River, which was named for Henry Hudson, the sea captain who explored the area in 1609.", "Hudson County, New Jersey __knowledge__ Part of New Jersey's Gateway Region in the New York metropolitan area, Jersey City is its largest city and county seat.", "Hudson County, New Jersey __knowledge__ As of the 2016 Census estimate, Hudson County was the fastest-growing county in New Jersey compared to 2010; the county's population was 677,983, making it the state's 4th-most populous county, an increase of 6.9% from the 2010 United States Census, when its population was enumerated at 634,266, in turn an increase of 25,291 (+4.2%) from the 608,975 enumerated in the 2000 Census.", "Bangaon, Bihar __knowledge__ Bangaon is an ancient northern Indian village situated in the Saharsa district of Bihar.", "Bangaon, Bihar __knowledge__ Some historians believe that 'Apannigam' referred in Buddhistic literature is Bangaon.", "Bangaon, Bihar __knowledge__ It is the largest village, both by area and population, of the state.", "Bangaon, Bihar __knowledge__ The origin of the name Bangaon is unknown.", "Bangaon, Bihar __knowledge__ However the literal meaning of the village name indicates that this area might have been densely populated with forests thus the name Ban (Forest) gaon (village).Bangaon is part of Kahra Block of the district.", "Bangaon, Bihar __knowledge__ Some of the neighbouring places include Bariahi (3 km east), Bangaon, Chainpur, Mahishi (8 km west) and Bihara (north).", "International law and the Gaza War __knowledge__ Accusations of violations regarding international humanitarian law, which governs the actions by belligerents during an armed conflict, have been directed at both Israel and Hamas for their actions during the Gaza War.", "International law and the Gaza War __knowledge__ The accusations covered violating laws governing distinction and proportionality by Israel, the indiscriminate firing of rockets at civilian locations and extrajudicial violence within the Gaza Strip by Hamas.", "International law and the Gaza War __knowledge__ As of September 2009, some 360 complaints had been filed by individuals and NGOs at the prosecutor's office in the Hague calling for investigations into alleged crimes committed by Israel during the Gaza War.", "2014 Israel–Gaza conflict __knowledge__ The 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict also known as Operation Protective Edge (, \"Miv'tza Tzuk Eitan\", lit.", "2014 Israel–Gaza conflict __knowledge__ \"Operation Strong Cliff\") and sometimes referred to as the 2014 Gaza war, was a military operation launched by Israel on 8 July 2014 in the Hamas-ruled Gaza Strip.", "2014 Israel–Gaza conflict __knowledge__ Following the kidnapping and murder of three Israeli teenagers by Hamas members, the IDF conducted \"Operation Brother's Keeper\" to arrest militant leaders, Hamas fired rockets into Israel and a seven-week conflict broke out.", "2014 Israel–Gaza conflict __knowledge__ The Israeli strikes, the Palestinian rocket attacks and the ground fighting resulted in the death of thousands of people, the vast majority of them Gazans.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Harry Aikines-Aryeetey __knowledge__ Harry Leslie Aikines-Aryeetey (born 29 August 1988) is an English sprinter.", "Harry Aikines-Aryeetey __knowledge__ A prodigious junior runner, in 2005 he was named as the BBC Young Sports Personality of the Year and the IAAF's Rising Star of the Year after becoming the first athlete to win gold medals at both 100 metres and 200 metres at the World Youth Championships.", "Harry Aikines-Aryeetey __knowledge__ A relay medalist as a senior for Great Britain at the 2009 World Championships, the 2014 IAAF World Relays and, representing England, at the 2014 Commonwealth Games, Aikines-Aryeetey won his first senior individual medal, a bronze, in the 100 metres at the 2014 European Athletics Championships.", "2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves __knowledge__ The 2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves included severe heat waves that impacted most of the United States, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, Hong Kong, North Africa and the European continent as a whole, along with parts of Canada, Russia, Indochina, South Korea and Japan during May, June, July, and August 2010.", "2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves __knowledge__ The first phase of the global heatwaves was caused by a moderate El Niño event, which lasted from June 2009 to May 2010.", "2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves __knowledge__ The first phase lasted only from April 2010 to June 2010, and caused only moderate above average temperatures in the areas affected.", "2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves __knowledge__ But it also set new record high temperatures for most of the area affected, in the Northern Hemisphere.", "Economy of Peru __knowledge__ Peru is classified as \"upper middle income\" by the World Bank and is the 39th largest in the world by total GDP.", "Economy of Peru __knowledge__ Peru is one of the world's fastest-growing economies with a 2012 GDP growth rate of 6.3%.", "Economy of Peru __knowledge__ It currently has a high human development index of 0.741 and per capita GDP above $12,000 by PPP.", "Economy of Peru __knowledge__ Neo-classical economists would interpret Peru's sound economic performance as a combination of: However, Post-Keynesian economists would argue that what neo-classical economics considers to be \"prudent\" fiscal spending is nothing more than a means to restrict government spending in order to make Peru dependent on export income and thus encourage it to open the Peruvian economy to free trade to the benefit of other western countries.", "Mining industry of Russia __knowledge__ The mineral industry of Russia is one of the world's leading mineral industries and accounts for a large percentage of the Commonwealth of Independent States' production of a range of mineral products, including metals, industrial minerals, and mineral fuels.", "Mining industry of Russia __knowledge__ In 2005, Russia ranked among the leading world producers or was a significant producer of a vast range of mineral commodities, including aluminum, arsenic, cement, copper, magnesium compounds and metals, nitrogen, palladium, silicon, and vanadium.", "Mining industry of Russia __knowledge__ In 2005, the Russian economy benefited significantly from high oil, gas, and metal prices.", "Mining industry of Russia __knowledge__ Oil revenues accounted for about 14% of the GDP.", "The Man Who Broke 1,000 Chains __knowledge__ The Man Who Broke 1,000 Chains is a 1987 American drama film directed by Daniel Mann and written by Michael Campus.", "The Man Who Broke 1,000 Chains __knowledge__ The film stars Val Kilmer, Charles Durning, Sônia Braga, Kyra Sedgwick, James Keach, Elisha Cook, Jr. and Clancy Brown.", "The Man Who Broke 1,000 Chains __knowledge__ The film premiered on HBO on October 31, 1987.", "The Man Who Broke 1,000 Chains __knowledge__ It is 1922.", "The Man Who Broke 1,000 Chains __knowledge__ Robert Elliot Burns is having flashbacks of the horrors of World War I and is on the streets protesting for himself angry at his inability to find a job and society's apathy towards veterans.", "The Man Who Broke 1,000 Chains __knowledge__ The next day, he is at his parents home and his brother Vincent, a minister, tries to console him.", "The Man Who Broke 1,000 Chains __knowledge__ Elliot says he's had enough and wants to go down to Florida to find work.", "History of Derby County F.C. (1967–present) __knowledge__ The History of Derby County Football Club (1967–present) covers the major events in the history of the club from Brian Clough assuming control in 1967 up until the 2012–13 season.", "History of Derby County F.C. (1967–present) __knowledge__ Whilst the first 80 years of Derby's existence had been relatively consistent, the era covered here saw the club experience five promotions and five relegations as it rose dramatically to its peak and back.", "History of Derby County F.C. (1967–present) __knowledge__ After over a decade in the second tier of English football, Brian Clough took charge at Derby and kickstarted a revolution at the club; it went on to win the Football League First Division twice in the 1970s and reach the European Cup semi finals in 1973 before rapidly declining back to the third tier and near financial meltdown within ten years of its second Championship.", "James Dasaolu __knowledge__ James Dasaolu (born 5 September 1987) is a British sprint athlete who specialises in the 100 metres, over which distance he is the 2014 European champion.", "James Dasaolu __knowledge__ In July 2013, he became the second fastest Briton of all time after running a 100 m time of 9.91 seconds in the British Championships.", "James Dasaolu __knowledge__ In 2014 he won his first major title, claiming the gold medal in the 100 metres at the 2014 European Athletics Championships.", "James Dasaolu __knowledge__ Born in south London to Nigerian parents, Dasaolu did not take up sprinting seriously until he was 18 when he began a leisure management degree at Loughborough.", "James Dasaolu __knowledge__ He began his career in competitive athletics relatively late, first competing in 2006; as a result he had a limited youth and junior career.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Pelham Bay Park __knowledge__ Pelham Bay Park is a municipal park located in the northeast corner of the New York City borough of the Bronx.", "Pelham Bay Park __knowledge__ It is, at , the largest public park in New York City.", "Pelham Bay Park __knowledge__ The park is more than three times the size of Manhattan's Central Park.", "Pelham Bay Park __knowledge__ The park is operated by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation (NYC Parks).", "Pelham Bay Park __knowledge__ Before its creation, the land comprising the current Pelham Bay Park was part of Anne Hutchinson's short-lived dissident colony.", "Pelham Bay Park __knowledge__ Part of New Netherland, it was destroyed in 1643 by a Siwanoy attack in reprisal for the unrelated massacres carried out under Willem Kieft's direction of the Dutch West India Company's New Amsterdam colony.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ \"Loveline\" has frequent games and traditions in which phone callers, guests, and the hosts participate.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ Most of the games and traditions come and leave with their respective hosts.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ Engineer Anderson Cowan is fond of splicing up phrases Drew, Adam, Stryker, and guests have uttered on previous shows and \"dropping\" them into new shows mid-call, to the confusion of callers and amusement of seasoned listeners.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ Some favorites are: Some of the Drew Drops were set to music in the \"Dr. Drew Shuffle\" and the later \"Dr. Drew Boogie.\"", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ There are some other drops taken from a skit on the television show \"Crank Yankers\"." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 4 ]

[ "I know, I'd love to visit New York City at some point in my life. ", "Good point, with it being so densely populated there has got to be some amazing food there somewhere.", "Yeah, I guess I'll have to save up before going the the southern tip of New York then.", "That would be really nice. It is basically a cultural and financial power city at this point." ]

[ "New York City", "New York City", "New York City", "New York City" ]

[ "Christmas\nI love the idea of Christmas, where people trade gifts to show how much they love and appreciate each other.", "The magic of the gifts carries over, I think, from the childhood belief in Santa Claus, and the faith that on Christmas morning, you will get something awesome.", "I like the different color schemes popular at Christmas time: blue and silver and snowflakes; red and green and fir trees; and silver and gold accents with everything!", "Yes, that is cool. It's like an echo of the original Roman adaptation of the pagan winter festival that turned into Christmas. I like the multicultural idea that all Earth cultures are the heritage of the entire Earth!", "Yes, Joseph and Mary's trip to Bethlehem is an important story of Christmas. It's humbling to see how the Christian savior was born in humble surroundings." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed primarily on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world.", "Christmas __knowledge__ A feast central to the Christian liturgical year, it is preceded by the season of Advent or the Nativity Fast and initiates the season of Christmastide, which historically in the West lasts twelve days and culminates on Twelfth Night; in some traditions, Christmastide includes an octave.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas Day is a public holiday in many of the world's nations, is celebrated religiously by a majority of Christians, as well as culturally by many non-Christians, and forms an integral part of the holiday season centered around it.", "Christmas __knowledge__ The traditional Christmas narrative, the Nativity of Jesus, delineated in the New Testament says that Jesus was born in Bethlehem, in accordance with messianic prophecies.", "Christmas __knowledge__ When Joseph and Mary arrived in the city, the inn had no room and so they were offered a stable where the Christ Child was soon born, with angels proclaiming this news to shepherds who then further disseminated the information.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Although the month and date of Jesus' birth are unknown, by the early-to-mid fourth century the Western Christian Church had placed Christmas on December 25, a date that was later adopted in the East.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Santa Claus __knowledge__ Santa Claus, also known as Saint Nicholas, Kris Kringle, Father Christmas, or simply Santa, is a legendary figure originating in Western Christian culture who is said to bring gifts to the homes of well-behaved (\"good\" or \"nice\") children on Christmas Eve (24 December) and the early morning hours of Christmas Day (25 December).", "Santa Claus __knowledge__ The modern Santa Claus grew out of traditions surrounding the historical Saint Nicholas (a fourth-century Greek bishop and gift-giver of Myra), the British figure of Father Christmas and the Dutch figure of \"Sinterklaas\" (himself also based on Saint Nicholas).", "Santa Claus __knowledge__ Some maintain Santa Claus also absorbed elements of the Germanic god Wodan, who was associated with the pagan midwinter event of Yule and led the Wild Hunt, a ghostly procession through the sky.", "Mother's Day __knowledge__ Mother's Day is a celebration honoring the mother of the family, as well as motherhood, maternal bonds, and the influence of mothers in society.", "Mother's Day __knowledge__ It is celebrated on various days in many parts of the world, most commonly in the months of March or May.", "Mother's Day __knowledge__ It complements similar celebrations honoring family members, such as Father's Day, Siblings Day, and Grandparents Day.", "Mother's Day __knowledge__ In the United States, celebration of Mother's Day began in the early 20th century.", "Mother's Day __knowledge__ It is not related to the many celebrations of mothers and motherhood that have occurred throughout the world over thousands of years, such as the Greek cult to Cybele, the Roman festival of Hilaria, or the Christian Mothering Sunday celebration (originally a commemoration of Mother Church, not motherhood).", "Valentine's Day __knowledge__ Valentine's Day, also called Saint Valentine's Day or the Feast of Saint Valentine, is an annual holiday celebrated on February 14.", "Valentine's Day __knowledge__ It originated as a Western Christian liturgical feast day honoring one or more early saints named \"Valentinus\", and is recognized as a significant cultural and commercial celebration in many regions around the world, although it is not a public holiday in any country.", "Valentine's Day __knowledge__ Several martyrdom stories associated with the various Valentines that were connected to February 14 were added to later martyrologies, including a popular hagiographical account of Saint Valentine of Rome which indicated he was imprisoned for performing weddings for soldiers who were forbidden to marry and for ministering to Christians, who were persecuted under the Roman Empire.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed primarily on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world.", "Christmas __knowledge__ A feast central to the Christian liturgical year, it is preceded by the season of Advent or the Nativity Fast and initiates the season of Christmastide, which historically in the West lasts twelve days and culminates on Twelfth Night; in some traditions, Christmastide includes an octave.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas Day is a public holiday in many of the world's nations, is celebrated religiously by a majority of Christians, as well as culturally by many non-Christians, and forms an integral part of the holiday season centered around it.", "Christmas __knowledge__ The traditional Christmas narrative, the Nativity of Jesus, delineated in the New Testament says that Jesus was born in Bethlehem, in accordance with messianic prophecies.", "Christmas __knowledge__ When Joseph and Mary arrived in the city, the inn had no room and so they were offered a stable where the Christ Child was soon born, with angels proclaiming this news to shepherds who then further disseminated the information.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Although the month and date of Jesus' birth are unknown, by the early-to-mid fourth century the Western Christian Church had placed Christmas on December 25, a date that was later adopted in the East.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Santa Claus __knowledge__ Santa Claus, also known as Saint Nicholas, Kris Kringle, Father Christmas, or simply Santa, is a legendary figure originating in Western Christian culture who is said to bring gifts to the homes of well-behaved (\"good\" or \"nice\") children on Christmas Eve (24 December) and the early morning hours of Christmas Day (25 December).", "Santa Claus __knowledge__ The modern Santa Claus grew out of traditions surrounding the historical Saint Nicholas (a fourth-century Greek bishop and gift-giver of Myra), the British figure of Father Christmas and the Dutch figure of \"Sinterklaas\" (himself also based on Saint Nicholas).", "Santa Claus __knowledge__ Some maintain Santa Claus also absorbed elements of the Germanic god Wodan, who was associated with the pagan midwinter event of Yule and led the Wild Hunt, a ghostly procession through the sky.", "Father Christmas __knowledge__ Father Christmas is the traditional English name for the personification of Christmas.", "Father Christmas __knowledge__ Although now known as a Christmas gift-bringer, and normally considered to be synonymous with American culture's Santa Claus which is now known worldwide, he was originally part of an unrelated and much older English folkloric tradition.", "Father Christmas __knowledge__ The recognisably modern figure of the English Father Christmas developed in the late Victorian period, but Christmas had been personified for centuries before then.", "Father Christmas __knowledge__ English personifications of Christmas were first recorded in the 15th century, with Father Christmas himself first appearing in the mid 17th century in the aftermath of the English Civil War.", "Santa Claus in film __knowledge__ Motion pictures featuring Santa Claus abound and apparently constitute their own subgenre of the Christmas film genre.", "Santa Claus in film __knowledge__ Early films of Santa revolve around similar simple plots of Santa's Christmas Eve visit to children.", "Santa Claus in film __knowledge__ In 1897, in a short film called \"Santa Claus Filling Stockings\", Santa Claus is simply filling stockings from his pack of toys.", "Santa Claus in film __knowledge__ Another film called \"Santa Claus and the Children\" was made in 1898.", "Santa Claus in film __knowledge__ A year later, a film directed by George Albert Smith in titled \"Santa Claus\" (or \"The Visit from Santa Claus\" in the United Kingdom) was created.", "Santa Claus in film __knowledge__ In this picture, Santa Claus enters the room from the fireplace and proceeds to trim the tree.", "Mrs. Claus __knowledge__ Mrs. Claus is the wife of Santa Claus, the Christmas gift-bringer in American and European Christmas tradition.", "Mrs. Claus __knowledge__ She is known for making cookies with the elves, caring for the reindeer, and preparing toys with her husband.", "Mrs. Claus __knowledge__ The wife of Santa Claus is first mentioned in the short story \"A Christmas Legend\" (1849), by James Rees, a Philadelphia-based Christian missionary.", "Mrs. Claus __knowledge__ In the story, an old man and woman, both carrying a bundle on the back, are given shelter in a home on Christmas Eve as weary travelers.", "Mrs. Claus __knowledge__ The next morning, the children of the house find an abundance of gifts for them, and the couple is revealed to be not \"old Santa Claus and his wife\", but the hosts' long-lost elder daughter and her husband in disguise.", "The Secret World of Santa Claus __knowledge__ The Secret World of Santa Claus (original title \"Le Monde secret du Père Noël\", German title \"Weihnachtsmann & Co. KG\") is a French and Canadian children's animated television show.", "The Secret World of Santa Claus __knowledge__ It is syndicated to several countries worldwide, including Teletoon in Canada, and is generally seen every December during the holiday season.", "The Secret World of Santa Claus __knowledge__ On December 25, 1999, Christmas Day, \"The Secret World of Santa Claus\" marathon took place from 6:00am to 7:00pm.", "The Secret World of Santa Claus __knowledge__ The show has been put back on air and will be shown every Christmas season on Teletoon.", "The Secret World of Santa Claus __knowledge__ As of 2013, it has been released on 2 DVDs from Cinedigm in the US.", "The Secret World of Santa Claus __knowledge__ Each episode usually starts out showing Santa Claus preparing for Christmas and doing some Christmas-related activities at his workshop.", "Erwadi Santhanakoodu Festival __knowledge__ The Erwadi Santhanakoodu Festival is a monthlong festival held in Ervadi dargah, located in Ramanathapuram district, to commemorate the anniversary of Sulthan Syed Ibrahim Shaheed Badhusha nayagam whose grave is in Ervadi.", "Erwadi Santhanakoodu Festival __knowledge__ The festival is organised as a National Integrity festival by the local Dargah Huqdhar Management Committee (D.H.M.C.", "Erwadi Santhanakoodu Festival __knowledge__ ), constituting the heirs of badhusha nayagam called as Mujavirs or Levvais.", "Erwadi Santhanakoodu Festival __knowledge__ It is a monthlong festival happening every Hijri year in the full Islamic month of Zil Qa'dah.", "Erwadi Santhanakoodu Festival __knowledge__ It is organised to commemorate the anniversary of Sulthan Syed Ibrahim Shaheed Badhusha Oliyullah, at the famous Erwadi Dargah always stands as a symbol of religious harmony.", "Woody Guthrie Folk Festival __knowledge__ The Woody Guthrie Folk Festival is held annually in mid-July to commemorate the life and music of Woody Guthrie.", "Woody Guthrie Folk Festival __knowledge__ The festival is held on the weekend closest to July 14 - the date of Guthrie's birth - in Guthrie's hometown of Okemah, Oklahoma.", "Woody Guthrie Folk Festival __knowledge__ Daytime main stage performances are held indoors at the Brick Street Cafe and the Crystal Theatre.", "Woody Guthrie Folk Festival __knowledge__ Evening main stage performances are held outdoors at the Pastures of Plenty.", "Woody Guthrie Folk Festival __knowledge__ The festival is planned and implemented annually by the Woody Guthrie Coalition, a non-profit corporation, whose goal is simply to ensure Guthrie's musical legacy.", "Woody Guthrie Folk Festival __knowledge__ The event is made possible in part from a grant from the Oklahoma Arts Council.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ Epiphany ( ), also Theophany, Little Christmas, or Three Kings' Day, is a Christian feast day that celebrates the revelation of God incarnate as Jesus Christ.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ In Eastern Christianity, the feast commemorates principally (but not solely) the visit of the Magi to the Christ child, and thus Jesus' physical manifestation to the Gentiles.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ Moreover, the feast of the Epiphany, in some Western Christian denominations, also initiates the liturgical season of Epiphanytide.", "Epiphany (holiday) __knowledge__ Eastern Christians, on the other hand, commemorate the baptism of Jesus on both sides of the Jordan River, seen as his manifestation to the world as the Son of God.", "Erwadi __knowledge__ Ervadi or Erwadi is a village in Ramanathapuram district, Tamil Nadu in southern India belonging to Kadaladi Taluk and Keelakarai Town panchayat.", "Erwadi __knowledge__ The village is the location of the grave and shrine of Qutbus Sultan Syed Ibrahim Shaheed Badusha, the then ruler of Madinah Al Munawwara.", "Erwadi __knowledge__ Erwadi also belongs to Kadaladi Assembly constituency which is a part of Ramanathapuram (Lok Sabha constituency).", "Erwadi __knowledge__ But after the delimitations in 2009, Erwadi has been joined to Ramanathapuram assembly constituency.", "Erwadi __knowledge__ Although a small town, Erwadi is the second largest contributor for the revenue of Ramanthapuram District.", "Salt Lake City __knowledge__ Salt Lake City (often shortened to Salt Lake and abbreviated as SLC) is the capital and the most populous municipality of the U.S. state of Utah.", "Salt Lake City __knowledge__ With an estimated population of 190,884 in 2014, the city is the core of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, which has a population of 1,153,340 (2014 estimate).", "Salt Lake City __knowledge__ Salt Lake City is further situated within a larger metropolis known as the Salt Lake City–Ogden–Provo Combined Statistical Area.", "Salt Lake City __knowledge__ This region is a corridor of contiguous urban and suburban development stretched along an approximately segment of the Wasatch Front, comprising a population of 2,423,912 .", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed primarily on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world.", "Christmas __knowledge__ A feast central to the Christian liturgical year, it is preceded by the season of Advent or the Nativity Fast and initiates the season of Christmastide, which historically in the West lasts twelve days and culminates on Twelfth Night; in some traditions, Christmastide includes an octave.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas Day is a public holiday in many of the world's nations, is celebrated religiously by a majority of Christians, as well as culturally by many non-Christians, and forms an integral part of the holiday season centered around it.", "Christmas __knowledge__ The traditional Christmas narrative, the Nativity of Jesus, delineated in the New Testament says that Jesus was born in Bethlehem, in accordance with messianic prophecies.", "Christmas __knowledge__ When Joseph and Mary arrived in the city, the inn had no room and so they were offered a stable where the Christ Child was soon born, with angels proclaiming this news to shepherds who then further disseminated the information.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Although the month and date of Jesus' birth are unknown, by the early-to-mid fourth century the Western Christian Church had placed Christmas on December 25, a date that was later adopted in the East.", "National Christmas Tree (United States) __knowledge__ The National Christmas Tree is a large evergreen tree located in the northeast quadrant of The Ellipse near the White House in Washington, D.C. Each year since 1923, the tree has been decorated as a Christmas tree.", "National Christmas Tree (United States) __knowledge__ Every early December, the tree is traditionally lit by the President of the United States.", "National Christmas Tree (United States) __knowledge__ Every president since Franklin D. Roosevelt has made formal remarks during the tree lighting ceremony.", "National Christmas Tree (United States) __knowledge__ Since 1954, the event has marked the start of month-long festivities known as the Pageant of Peace.", "National Christmas Tree (United States) __knowledge__ Smaller trees representing the U.S. states, District of Columbia, and the five territories around the National Christmas Tree are referred to as the Pathway to Peace.", "Christmas tree cultivation __knowledge__ Christmas tree cultivation is an agricultural, forestry, and horticultural occupation which involves growing pine, spruce, and fir trees specifically for use as Christmas trees.", "Christmas tree cultivation __knowledge__ The first Christmas tree farm was established in 1901, but most consumers continued to obtain their trees from forests until the 1930s and 1940s.", "Christmas tree cultivation __knowledge__ Christmas tree farming was once seen only as a viable alternative for low-quality farmland, but that perception has changed within the agriculture industry.", "Christmas tree cultivation __knowledge__ For optimum yield and quality, land should be flat or gently rolling and relatively free of debris and undergrowth.", "Christmas tree cultivation __knowledge__ A wide variety of pine and fir species are grown as Christmas trees, although a handful of varieties stand out in popularity.", "Christmas tree __knowledge__ A Christmas tree is a decorated tree, usually an evergreen conifer such as spruce, pine, or fir or an artificial tree of similar appearance, associated with the celebration of Christmas.", "Christmas tree __knowledge__ The modern Christmas tree was developed in medieval Livonia (present-day Estonia and Latvia) and early modern Germany, where devout Christians brought decorated trees into their homes.", "Christmas tree __knowledge__ It acquired popularity beyond the Lutheran areas of Germany and the Baltic countries during the second half of the 19th century, at first among the upper classes.", "Christmas tree __knowledge__ The tree was traditionally decorated with \"roses made of colored paper, apples, wafers, tinsel, [and] sweetmeats\".", "Christmas tree pests and weeds __knowledge__ Pine and fir trees, grown purposely for use as Christmas trees, are vulnerable to a wide variety of pests, weeds and diseases.", "Christmas tree pests and weeds __knowledge__ Many of the conifer species cultivated face infestations and death from such pests as the balsam woolly adelgid and other adelgids.", "Christmas tree pests and weeds __knowledge__ Aphids are another common insect pest.", "Christmas tree pests and weeds __knowledge__ Christmas trees are also vulnerable to fungal pathogens and their resultant illnesses such as root rot, and, in the U.S. state of California, sudden oak death.", "Christmas tree pests and weeds __knowledge__ Douglas-fir trees in particular are vulnerable to infections from plant pathogens such as \"R. pseudotsugae\".", "Christmas tree pests and weeds __knowledge__ Larger pests also pose a threat to Christmas tree plantations and harvests.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii __knowledge__ Pseudotsuga menziesii\" var.", "Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii __knowledge__ \"menziesii, also known as coast Douglas-fir, Oregon pine, or Douglas spruce, is an evergreen conifer native to western North America from west-central British Columbia, Canada southward to central California, United States.", "Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii __knowledge__ In Oregon and Washington its range is continuous from the Cascades crest west to the Pacific Coast Ranges and Pacific Ocean.", "Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii __knowledge__ In California, it is found in the Klamath and California Coast Ranges as far south as the Santa Lucia Mountains with a small stand as far south as the Purisima Hills, Santa Barbara County.", "Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii __knowledge__ In the Sierra Nevada it ranges as far south as the Yosemite region.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "Christmas controversies __knowledge__ Controversy has arisen regarding the celebration, recognition, legitimization, or acknowledgment of the Christmas holiday (or lack thereof) in government, media, advertising, retail, and various secular and religious environments throughout the holiday's history.", "Christmas controversies __knowledge__ In the 17th century, the Puritans had laws forbidding the celebration of Christmas, unlike the Catholic Church or the Anglican Church, the latter of which they separated from.", "Christmas controversies __knowledge__ With the atheistic Cult of Reason in power during the era of Revolutionary France, Christian Christmas religious services were banned and the three kings cake was forcibly renamed the \"equality cake\" under anticlerical government policies.", "Yule and Christmas in Denmark __knowledge__ Jul (), the Danish Yule and Christmas, is celebrated throughout December starting either at the beginning of Advent or on December 1 with a variety of traditions.", "Yule and Christmas in Denmark __knowledge__ Christmas Eve, \"Juleaften\", the main event of Jul, is celebrated on evening of December 24, the evening before the two Christmas holidays, December 25 and 26th.", "Yule and Christmas in Denmark __knowledge__ Celebrating on the eve before the holiday is also used for most other holidays in Denmark.", "Yule and Christmas in Denmark __knowledge__ Jul is originally an ancient old Norse tradition related to the Germanic Yule celebration of North Europe, but was mixed with the overlapping Christian tradition of Christmas when Denmark was christened during the 11th century.", "Christmas music __knowledge__ Christmas music comprises a variety of genres of music normally performed or heard around the Christmas season.", "Christmas music __knowledge__ Music associated with Christmas may be purely instrumental, or in the case of many carols or songs may employ lyrics whose subject matter ranges from the nativity of Jesus Christ, to gift-giving and merrymaking, to cultural figures such as Santa Claus, among other topics.", "Christmas music __knowledge__ Performances of Christmas music at public concerts, in churches, at shopping malls, on city streets, and in private gatherings is an integral staple of the Christmas holiday in many cultures across the world.", "Christmas music __knowledge__ Music associated with Christmas is thought to have its origins in 4th century Rome, in Latin hymns such as \"Veni redemptor gentium\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed primarily on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world.", "Christmas __knowledge__ A feast central to the Christian liturgical year, it is preceded by the season of Advent or the Nativity Fast and initiates the season of Christmastide, which historically in the West lasts twelve days and culminates on Twelfth Night; in some traditions, Christmastide includes an octave.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas Day is a public holiday in many of the world's nations, is celebrated religiously by a majority of Christians, as well as culturally by many non-Christians, and forms an integral part of the holiday season centered around it.", "Christmas __knowledge__ The traditional Christmas narrative, the Nativity of Jesus, delineated in the New Testament says that Jesus was born in Bethlehem, in accordance with messianic prophecies.", "Christmas __knowledge__ When Joseph and Mary arrived in the city, the inn had no room and so they were offered a stable where the Christ Child was soon born, with angels proclaiming this news to shepherds who then further disseminated the information.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Although the month and date of Jesus' birth are unknown, by the early-to-mid fourth century the Western Christian Church had placed Christmas on December 25, a date that was later adopted in the East.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Carnival __knowledge__ Carnival (see other spellings and names) is a Western Christian festive season that occurs before the liturgical season of Lent.", "Carnival __knowledge__ The main events typically occur during February or early March, during the period historically known as Shrovetide (or Pre-Lent).", "Carnival __knowledge__ Carnival typically involves a public celebration or parade combining some elements of a circus, masks, and a public street party.", "Carnival __knowledge__ People wear masks and costumes during many such celebrations, allowing them to lose their everyday individuality and experience a heightened sense of social unity.", "Carnival __knowledge__ Excessive consumption of alcohol, meat, and other foods proscribed during Lent is extremely common.", "Multicultural education __knowledge__ Multicultural education is a set of strategies and materials in education that were developed to assist teachers when responding to the many issues created by the rapidly changing demographics of their students.", "Multicultural education __knowledge__ It provides students with knowledge about the histories, cultures, and contributions of diverse groups; it assumes that the future society is pluralistic.", "Multicultural education __knowledge__ It draws on insights from a number of different fields, including ethnic studies and women studies, but also reinterprets content from related academic disciplines.", "Multicultural education __knowledge__ Multicultural education, also viewed as a way of teaching, promotes principles such as inclusion, diversity, democracy, skill acquisition, inquiry, critical thought, value of perspectives, and self-reflection.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ The Eastern Orthodox Church, also known as the Orthodox Church, or officially as the Orthodox Catholic Church, is the second-largest Christian Church, with over 250 million members.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ As one of the oldest religious institutions in the world, it has played a prominent role in the history and culture of Eastern Europe, Greece (including Anatolia), the Caucasus, and the Near East.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ A communion of autocephalous churches (″jurisdictions″, or national churches), each typically governed by its own Holy Synod, its bishops are equal by virtue of ordination, with doctrines summarised in the Nicene Creed.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ The Church has no central doctrinal or governance authority analogous to the Roman Catholic Church's pope; however, the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople is recognised by all as primus inter pares of the bishops, and the Church of Constantinople, since the Great Schism of 1054, enjoys precedence and certain prerogatives.", "Christianity in Australia __knowledge__ Christianity is the largest Australian religion according to the national census.", "Christianity in Australia __knowledge__ In the 2016 Census, 52.1% of Australians were listed as Christian.", "Christianity in Australia __knowledge__ Australia has no official state religion and the Australian Constitution protects freedom of religion.", "Christianity in Australia __knowledge__ The presence of Christianity in Australia began with the arrival of the First Fleet of British convicts in 1788.", "Christianity in Australia __knowledge__ The religion grew to account for 96.1% of the national population at the time of the Federation of Australia in 1901.", "Christianity in Australia __knowledge__ The Anglican Church of Australia (formerly known as the Church of England in Australia) was the largest church until 1986, when it was surpassed by the Catholic Church in Australia.", "Easter __knowledge__ Easter, also called Pascha (Greek, Latin) or Resurrection Sunday, is a festival and holiday celebrating the resurrection of Jesus from the dead, described in the New Testament as having occurred on the third day of his burial after his crucifixion by the Romans at Calvary 30 AD.", "Easter __knowledge__ It is the culmination of the Passion of Jesus, preceded by Lent (or Great Lent), a forty-day period of fasting, prayer, and penance.", "Easter __knowledge__ Most Christians refer to the week before Easter as \"Holy Week\"—it contains the days of the Easter Triduum, including Maundy Thursday, commemorating the Maundy and Last Supper, as well as Good Friday, commemorating the crucifixion and death of Jesus.", "Mormonism and Christianity __knowledge__ Mormonism and Christianity have a complex theological, historical, and sociological relationship.", "Mormonism and Christianity __knowledge__ Mormons express the doctrines of Mormonism using standard biblical terminology, and have similar views about the nature of Jesus' atonement, bodily resurrection, and Second Coming as traditional Christianity.", "Mormonism and Christianity __knowledge__ Nevertheless, most Mormons do not accept the Trinitarian views of orthodox Nicene Christianity, codified in the Nicene and Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creeds of 325 and 381; Mormonism is the largest non-trinitarian denomination that considers itself Christian.", "Mormonism and Christianity __knowledge__ Though Mormons consider the Bible as scripture, they do not believe in biblical inerrancy.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Theologians may undertake Christian theology in order: or for a variety of other reasons.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology as a discipline of Christian theology formulates an orderly, rational and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophical evolution." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed primarily on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world.", "Christmas __knowledge__ A feast central to the Christian liturgical year, it is preceded by the season of Advent or the Nativity Fast and initiates the season of Christmastide, which historically in the West lasts twelve days and culminates on Twelfth Night; in some traditions, Christmastide includes an octave.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Christmas Day is a public holiday in many of the world's nations, is celebrated religiously by a majority of Christians, as well as culturally by many non-Christians, and forms an integral part of the holiday season centered around it.", "Christmas __knowledge__ The traditional Christmas narrative, the Nativity of Jesus, delineated in the New Testament says that Jesus was born in Bethlehem, in accordance with messianic prophecies.", "Christmas __knowledge__ When Joseph and Mary arrived in the city, the inn had no room and so they were offered a stable where the Christ Child was soon born, with angels proclaiming this news to shepherds who then further disseminated the information.", "Christmas __knowledge__ Although the month and date of Jesus' birth are unknown, by the early-to-mid fourth century the Western Christian Church had placed Christmas on December 25, a date that was later adopted in the East.", "Nativity of Jesus __knowledge__ The nativity of Jesus or birth of Jesus is described in the gospels of Luke and Matthew.", "Nativity of Jesus __knowledge__ In Christian theology the nativity marks the birth of Jesus in fulfillment of the divine will of God, to save the world from sin.", "Nativity of Jesus __knowledge__ The artistic depiction of the nativity has been an important subject for Christian artists since the 4th century.", "Nativity of Jesus __knowledge__ Since the 13th century, the nativity scene has emphasized the humility of Jesus and promoted a more tender image of him, as a major turning point from the early \"Lord and Master\" image, mirroring changes in the common approaches taken by Christian pastoral ministry.", "Nativity of Jesus __knowledge__ The nativity plays a major role in the Christian liturgical year.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Jesus __knowledge__ Jesus (), also referred to as Jesus of Nazareth and Jesus Christ, was a Jewish preacher and religious leader.", "Jesus __knowledge__ He is the central figure of Christianity.", "Jesus __knowledge__ Most Christians believe him to be the incarnation of God the Son and the awaited Messiah (Christ) prophesied in the Old Testament.", "Jesus __knowledge__ Virtually all modern scholars of antiquity agree that Jesus existed historically, although the quest for the historical Jesus has produced little agreement on the historical reliability of the Gospels and on how closely the Jesus portrayed in the Bible reflects the historical Jesus.", "Jesus __knowledge__ Jesus was a Galilean Jew who was baptized by John the Baptist and subsequently began his own ministry, preaching his message orally and often being referred to as \"rabbi\".", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Bethlehem __knowledge__ Bethlehem (; , \"House of Meat\"; \"\", , \"House of Bread\"; ; ) is a Palestinian city located in the central West Bank, Palestine, about south of Jerusalem.", "Bethlehem __knowledge__ Its population is approximately 25,000 people.", "Bethlehem __knowledge__ It is the capital of the Bethlehem Governorate.", "Bethlehem __knowledge__ The economy is primarily tourist-driven.", "Bethlehem __knowledge__ The earliest known mention of the city was in the Amarna correspondence of 1350–1330 BCE during its habitation by the Canaanites.", "Bethlehem __knowledge__ The Hebrew Bible, which says that the city of Bethlehem was built up as a fortified city by Rehoboam, identifies it as the city David was from and where he was crowned as the king of Israel.", "The Life and Death of Democracy __knowledge__ The Life and Death of Democracy is a 2009 book by John Keane and published by Simon & Schuster.", "The Life and Death of Democracy __knowledge__ Keane claims his book is the first attempt to write a full history of democracy for well over a century - the last such attempt he states on this scale was by the American Nahum Capen, whose first volume was published in 1874.", "The Life and Death of Democracy __knowledge__ Some have claimed to have already provided such a comprehensive history, but Keane has rejected this claim.", "The Life and Death of Democracy __knowledge__ Keane's book deals with the meaning and institutions of democracy, historical roots and its present-day trends.", "The Life and Death of Democracy __knowledge__ The starting point in Keane's history is to re-consider democracy's roots.", "Nativity scene __knowledge__ In the Christian tradition, a nativity scene (also known as a manger scene, crib, crèche (or , or in Italian presepio or presepe) is the special exhibition, particularly during the Christmas season, of art objects representing the birth of Jesus.", "Nativity scene __knowledge__ While the term \"nativity scene\" may be used of any representation of the very common subject of the Nativity of Jesus in art, it has a more specialized sense referring to seasonal displays, either using model figures in a setting or reenactments called \"living nativity scenes\" (\"tableau vivant\") in which real humans and animals participate.", "Nativity scene __knowledge__ Nativity scenes exhibit figures representing the infant Jesus, his mother, Mary, and her husband, Joseph.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from the British comedy-drama Shameless, created by Paul Abbott, which began broadcasting on Channel 4 in 2004.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The programme is set on the fictinal Chatsworth Estate in suburban Manchester and the surrounding area, and primarily follows the lives of the Gallagher family and the neighbouring Maguire family, and their friends and neighbours in the town's shops and local pub The Jockey.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The first series focuses on layabout Frank Gallagher and the lives of his six children, Fiona and boyfriend Steve, Lip, Ian, Carl, Debbie and Liam, and next-door neighbours, Kev and Veronica.", "Nativity of Jesus in art __knowledge__ The Nativity of Jesus has been a major subject of Christian art since the 4th century.", "Nativity of Jesus in art __knowledge__ The artistic depictions of the \"Nativity\" or birth of Jesus, celebrated at Christmas, are based on the narratives in the Bible, in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke, and further elaborated by written, oral and artistic tradition.", "Nativity of Jesus in art __knowledge__ Christian art includes a great many representations of the Virgin Mary and the Christ Child.", "Nativity of Jesus in art __knowledge__ Such works are generally referred to as the \"Madonna and Child\" or \"Virgin and Child\".", "Nativity of Jesus in art __knowledge__ They are not usually representations of the \"Nativity\" specifically, but are often devotional objects representing a particular aspect or attribute of the Virgin Mary, or Jesus.", "List of Coronation Street characters (2011) __knowledge__ \"Coronation Street\" is a British soap opera, produced by ITV Studios.", "List of Coronation Street characters (2011) __knowledge__ Created by writer Tony Warren, \"Coronation Street\" was first broadcast on ITV on 9 December 1960.", "List of Coronation Street characters (2011) __knowledge__ It has been produced by Phil Collinson since 2010.", "List of Coronation Street characters (2011) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters introduced by Collinson in the show's fifty-first year, by order of first appearance.", "List of Coronation Street characters (2011) __knowledge__ January saw three introductions; DC Moore (Pooja Shah), the detective in charge of the investigation into the attack on Tracy Barlow (Kate Ford), Marc Selby (Andrew Hall), a new love interest for both Audrey Roberts (Sue Nicholls) and Claudia Colby (Rula Lenska), and Frank Foster, played by former \"The Bill\" actor Andrew Lancel, as a new business partner for Carla Connor (Alison King)." ] ]

[ 1, 8, 3, 5, 4 ]

[ "Me too, although it is obviously the annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus, I think it is such a magical time of year!", "That is so true. I love all the different christmas traditions from the presents to the christmas tree, turkey dinner and the advent calendars and wreaths. It is such a wonderful family time aswell.", "It is very beautiful and I love the fact that although it is a traditional christian festival, many non christians throughout the world culturally celebrate it too so it brings people together from all over.", "I love your thinking on it all. That is definitely a great way to look at things. I remember as a child taking part in the nativity play with joseph and mary and the donkey travelling to bethlehem and ending up in the stable. It is lovely to think of all the other kids throughout the world doing the same christmas plays and celebrating together.", "Indeed and two thousand years later the world still celebrates it all " ]

[ "Christmas", "Christmas", "Christmas", "Christmas", "Christmas" ]

[ "Ice cream", "Yes, I like ice cream too. Especially in this hot weather in the summer. Do you?", "I have heard of it, but never tried it. I like Rocky Road pretty good What's your favorite flavor?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream (derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (< ).", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The meaning of the phrase \"ice cream\" varies from one country to another.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Phrases such as \"frozen custard\", \"frozen yogurt\", \"sorbet\", \"gelato\" and others are used to distinguish different varieties and styles.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ In some countries, such as the United States, the phrase \"ice cream\" applies only to a specific variety, and most governments regulate the commercial use of the various terms according to the relative quantities of the main ingredients, notably the amount of cream.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Products that do not meet the criteria to be called ice cream are labelled \"frozen dairy dessert\" instead." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream (derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (< ).", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The meaning of the phrase \"ice cream\" varies from one country to another.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Phrases such as \"frozen custard\", \"frozen yogurt\", \"sorbet\", \"gelato\" and others are used to distinguish different varieties and styles.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ In some countries, such as the United States, the phrase \"ice cream\" applies only to a specific variety, and most governments regulate the commercial use of the various terms according to the relative quantities of the main ingredients, notably the amount of cream.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Products that do not meet the criteria to be called ice cream are labelled \"frozen dairy dessert\" instead.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ This article is about the ice cream varieties around the world.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ While industrial ice cream exists in Argentina and can be found in supermarkets, restaurants or kiosks, and ice cream pops are sold on some streets and at the beaches, the most traditional Argentine \"helado\" (ice cream) is very similar to Italian gelato, rather than US-style ice cream, and it has become one of the most popular desserts in the country.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Among the most famous manufacturers are \"Freddo,\" \"Persicco,\" \"Chungo\", \"Cremolatti\" and \"Munchi's,\" all of them located in Buenos Aires.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Each city has its own \"heladerías\" (ice cream parlours) which offer different varieties of creamy and water-based ice creams, including both standard and regional flavours.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ An ice cream van (British) or ice cream truck (American) is a commercial vehicle that serves as a mobile retail outlet for ice cream, usually during the summer.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans are often seen parked at public events, or near parks, beaches, or other areas where people congregate.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans often travel near where children play — outside schools, in residential areas, or in other locations.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ They usually stop briefly before moving on to the next street.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans are often brightly decorated and carry images of ice cream, or some other adornment, such as cartoon characters.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ They may have painted-on notices, which can serve a commercial purpose (\"\"Stop me and buy one!\"\")", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ An ice cream float or soda (United States, United Kingdom, Canada, South Africa and East Asia), coke float (United Kingdom), root beer float (United States, Canada) or spider (Australia and New Zealand), is a chilled beverage that consists of ice cream in either a soft drink or in a mixture of flavored syrup and carbonated water.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ The ice cream float was invented by Robert McCay Green in Philadelphia, PA, in 1874 during the Franklin Institute's semicentennial celebration.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ The traditional story is that, on a particularly hot day, Mr. Green ran out of cold ice for the flavored drinks he was selling and used vanilla ice cream from a neighboring vendor, thus inventing a new drink.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ Ice cream parlors (or parlours) are restaurants that sell ice cream, gelato, sorbet, and frozen yogurt to consumers.", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ Ice cream is typically sold as regular ice cream (also called hard-packed ice cream), gelato, and soft serve, which is usually dispensed by a machine with a limited number of flavors (e.g., chocolate, vanilla, and \"twist\", a mix of the two).", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ It is customary for ice cream parlors to offer a number of flavors and items.", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ Parlors often serve ice cream and other frozen desserts in cones or in dishes, to be eaten with a spoon.", "Ice cream parlor __knowledge__ Some ice cream parlours prepare ice cream desserts such as sundaes (ice cream topped with syrup, whipped cream and other toppings) or milkshakes.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Bacon ice cream (or bacon-and-egg ice cream) is an ice cream generally created by adding bacon to egg custard and freezing the mixture.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ The concept of bacon ice cream originated in a 1973 sketch on the British comedy series \"The Two Ronnies\" as a joke; however, it was eventually created for April Fools' Day.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Heston Blumenthal experimented with the creation of ice cream, making a custard similar to scrambled eggs then adding bacon to create one of his signature dishes.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ It now appears on dessert menus in other restaurants.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream is generally expected to be a sweet food, eaten as a dessert, even though there is evidence of savoury ice creams eaten in Victorian times.", "Ben &amp; Jerry's __knowledge__ Ben & Jerry's Homemade Holdings Inc, trading and commonly known as Ben & Jerry's, is an American company that manufactures ice cream, frozen yogurt, and sorbet.", "Ben &amp; Jerry's __knowledge__ It was founded in 1978 in Burlington, Vermont, and sold in 2000 to Anglo-Dutch conglomerate Unilever.", "Ben &amp; Jerry's __knowledge__ Today it operates globally as a fully owned subsidiary of Unilever.", "Ben &amp; Jerry's __knowledge__ Its present-day headquarters is in South Burlington, Vermont, with its main factory in Waterbury, Vermont.", "Ben &amp; Jerry's __knowledge__ Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield were childhood friends from New York.", "Ben &amp; Jerry's __knowledge__ While Greenfield finished college, he found himself unable to make his way into medical school.", "Green tea ice cream __knowledge__ There is a clear indication that Mount Fuji-shaped green tea ice cream was an item on the menu at the royal dinner party during the Meiji period (1868–1912).", "Green tea ice cream __knowledge__ The true origin of green tea ice cream, however, is unknown.", "Green tea ice cream __knowledge__ Although green tea itself seems to have existed as local handmade ice cream at some districts in Japan, none of the Japanese flavored ice creams were really merchandised until the 1990s because the major Japanese ice cream manufacturers were producing vanilla, strawberry and chocolate as their primary flavors.", "Green tea ice cream __knowledge__ However, green tea shaved ice has been well known and popular in Japan long before green tea ice cream." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream (derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (< ).", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The meaning of the phrase \"ice cream\" varies from one country to another.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Phrases such as \"frozen custard\", \"frozen yogurt\", \"sorbet\", \"gelato\" and others are used to distinguish different varieties and styles.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ In some countries, such as the United States, the phrase \"ice cream\" applies only to a specific variety, and most governments regulate the commercial use of the various terms according to the relative quantities of the main ingredients, notably the amount of cream.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Products that do not meet the criteria to be called ice cream are labelled \"frozen dairy dessert\" instead.", "Rocky road (dessert) __knowledge__ Rocky road is a type of dessert made up of milk chocolate and marshmallow which is usually served in individual portions such as a cupcake or brownie, or in American cuisine, as an ice cream flavor..", "Rocky road (dessert) __knowledge__ The origin of the dessert is debated, but the earliest mention of it dates back to 1853 in Australia, where rocky road was supposedly created as a way to sell confectionery that had spoiled during the long trip from Europe, which were mixed with locally-grown nuts and cheap chocolate to disguise the flavor.", "Rocky road (dessert) __knowledge__ According to this origin story, the name comes from the rocky road that travelers had to take to reach the goldfields.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune Records was an American family operated, independent record label located in Detroit, Michigan from 1946 to 1995.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ The label owners were Jack and Devora Brown, their son Sheldon Brown recorded for the label.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Original releases tapered off after 1972 aside from a few albums in the mid-1980s.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune specialized in R&B, blues, soul and doo-wop music, although the label also released pop, big band, hillbilly, gospel, rock and roll, and polka records.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune released some doo-wop tunes by Nolan Strong & The Diablos, such as \"The Wind\" (Fortune 511, 1954), \"The Way You Dog Me Around\" (Fortune 518, 1955), and \"Mind Over Matter\" (Fortune 546, 1962).", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic (album) __knowledge__ \"Weird Al\" Yankovic is the debut album by American parodist Alfred \"Weird Al\" Yankovic.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic (album) __knowledge__ The album was the first of many produced by former The McCoys guitarist Rick Derringer.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic (album) __knowledge__ Mostly recorded in March 1982, the album was released by Rock 'n Roll Records as an LP and on Compact Cassette in 1983.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic (album) __knowledge__ Consisting of five direct parodies and seven original songs, \"\"Weird Al\" Yankovic\" parodies pop and rock music of the late 1970s and early 1980s, and satirizes American culture and experiences of the same time period.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic (album) __knowledge__ Nearly half of the album is made up of parodies based on the works of Toni Basil, Joan Jett, Stevie Nicks, The Knack, and Queen.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic __knowledge__ Alfred Matthew \"Weird Al\" Yankovic ( ; born October 23, 1959) is an American singer, songwriter, parodist, record producer, satirist, actor, voice actor, music video director, film producer, and author.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic __knowledge__ He is known for his humorous songs that make light of popular culture and often parody specific songs by contemporary musical acts, original songs that are style pastiches of the work of other acts, and polka medleys of several popular songs, featuring his favored instrument, the accordion.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic __knowledge__ Since his first-aired comedy song in 1976, he has sold more than 12 million albums (), recorded more than 150 parody and original songs, and has performed more than 1,000 live shows.", "Rocky road (ice cream) __knowledge__ Rocky road ice cream is a chocolate flavored ice cream.", "Rocky road (ice cream) __knowledge__ Though there are variations from the original flavor, it is traditionally composed of chocolate ice cream, nuts, and whole or diced marshmallows.", "Rocky road (ice cream) __knowledge__ According to one source, the flavor was created in March 1929 by William Dreyer in Oakland, California when he cut up walnuts and marshmallows with his wife's sewing scissors and added them to his chocolate ice cream in a manner that reflected how his partner Joseph Edy's chocolate candy creation incorporated walnuts and marshmallow pieces.", "Rocky road (ice cream) __knowledge__ Later, the walnuts would be replaced by pieces of toasted almond.", "Woody Guthrie Folk Festival __knowledge__ The Woody Guthrie Folk Festival is held annually in mid-July to commemorate the life and music of Woody Guthrie.", "Woody Guthrie Folk Festival __knowledge__ The festival is held on the weekend closest to July 14 - the date of Guthrie's birth - in Guthrie's hometown of Okemah, Oklahoma.", "Woody Guthrie Folk Festival __knowledge__ Daytime main stage performances are held indoors at the Brick Street Cafe and the Crystal Theatre.", "Woody Guthrie Folk Festival __knowledge__ Evening main stage performances are held outdoors at the Pastures of Plenty.", "Woody Guthrie Folk Festival __knowledge__ The festival is planned and implemented annually by the Woody Guthrie Coalition, a non-profit corporation, whose goal is simply to ensure Guthrie's musical legacy.", "Woody Guthrie Folk Festival __knowledge__ The event is made possible in part from a grant from the Oklahoma Arts Council.", "Young Dubliners __knowledge__ The Young Dubliners (sometimes shortened to the Young Dubs) is an American rock band formed in Los Angeles, California in 1988.", "Young Dubliners __knowledge__ Their style of music has come to be called Celtic Rock for the fusion of Irish traditional instruments and music with modern rock.", "Young Dubliners __knowledge__ They have released ten albums, starting with \"Rocky Road\" in 1993 and most recently \"9\" in 2013.", "Young Dubliners __knowledge__ They have toured the United States and Europe since 1994, supporting Jethro Tull, John Hiatt, Chris Isaak, Jonny Lang, Great Big Sea and Collective Soul.", "Young Dubliners __knowledge__ AllMusic.com states, \"Their live shows (have) a jam-like appeal, similar to the vibes of Phish and the Dave Matthews Band.\"", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Bacon ice cream (or bacon-and-egg ice cream) is an ice cream generally created by adding bacon to egg custard and freezing the mixture.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ The concept of bacon ice cream originated in a 1973 sketch on the British comedy series \"The Two Ronnies\" as a joke; however, it was eventually created for April Fools' Day.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Heston Blumenthal experimented with the creation of ice cream, making a custard similar to scrambled eggs then adding bacon to create one of his signature dishes.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ It now appears on dessert menus in other restaurants.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream is generally expected to be a sweet food, eaten as a dessert, even though there is evidence of savoury ice creams eaten in Victorian times.", "The Fat Duck __knowledge__ The Fat Duck is a restaurant in Bray, Berkshire, England.", "The Fat Duck __knowledge__ It is run by celebrity chef proprietor Heston Blumenthal.", "The Fat Duck __knowledge__ Housed in a 16th-century building that had previously been the site of The Bell pub, The Fat Duck opened on 16 August 1995.", "The Fat Duck __knowledge__ Although it originally served food similar to that of a French bistro, it soon acquired a reputation for precision and invention, and has been at the forefront of many modern culinary developments, such as food pairing, flavour encapsulation and multi-sensory cooking.", "The Fat Duck __knowledge__ The number of staff in the kitchen has increased from four when it first opened to 42, resulting in a ratio of one kitchen staff member per customer.", "Bacon mania __knowledge__ Bacon mania refers to passionate bacon enthusiasm in the United States and Canada.", "Bacon mania __knowledge__ Novelty bacon dishes and other bacon-related items have been popularized rapidly via the internet.", "Bacon mania __knowledge__ The movement has been traced to the late 1990s when high-protein foods became a more prominent diet focus due in part to the Atkins diet.", "Bacon mania __knowledge__ Since then, bacon-focused events and gatherings celebrating the food have been reported and bacon-related exploits have been featured in media accounts.", "Bacon mania __knowledge__ Newer bacon creations have joined more traditional foods like the BLT, Cobb salad, clams casino, and club sandwich.", "Bacon mania __knowledge__ Dishes include hard-boiled eggs coated in mayonnaise encased in bacon (the \"heart attack snack\") and Wendy's 'Baconator' (six strips of bacon on a half-pound cheeseburger).", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ This article is about the ice cream varieties around the world.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ While industrial ice cream exists in Argentina and can be found in supermarkets, restaurants or kiosks, and ice cream pops are sold on some streets and at the beaches, the most traditional Argentine \"helado\" (ice cream) is very similar to Italian gelato, rather than US-style ice cream, and it has become one of the most popular desserts in the country.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Among the most famous manufacturers are \"Freddo,\" \"Persicco,\" \"Chungo\", \"Cremolatti\" and \"Munchi's,\" all of them located in Buenos Aires.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Each city has its own \"heladerías\" (ice cream parlours) which offer different varieties of creamy and water-based ice creams, including both standard and regional flavours.", "List of ice cream flavors __knowledge__ [[File:Neapolitan.jpg|thumb|[[Neapolitan ice cream]] is made up of blocks of [[vanilla]], [[chocolate]], and [[Garden strawberry|strawberry]] [[ice cream]] side by side in the same containe squid ice cream This is a list of notable ice cream flavors.", "List of ice cream flavors __knowledge__ [[Ice cream]] is a frozen [[dessert]] usually made from [[dairy product]]s, such as milk and cream and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "List of ice cream flavors __knowledge__ Most varieties contain [[sugar]], although some are made with other [[Sugar substitute|sweeteners]].", "List of ice cream flavors __knowledge__ [[File:Bacon caramel maple ice cream (4728256410).jpg|thumb|200px|[[Bacon ice cream]]: bacon caramel maple ice cream]] [[File:Butter pecan caramel ice cream.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Butter pecan]] caramel ice cream]] [[File:GreenTeaIceCreamSample.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Green tea ice cream]]]] [[File:Rockyroadicecream.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Rocky road (ice cream)|Rocky road]] [[ice cream]] served with a cookie atop]] [[Category:Flavors of ice cream|*]] [[Category:Dessert-related lists]]", "Heston Blumenthal __knowledge__ Heston Marc Blumenthal, OBE (; born 27 May 1966) is a British celebrity chef.", "Heston Blumenthal __knowledge__ He is the proprietor of The Fat Duck in Bray, Berkshire, one of five restaurants in Great Britain to have three Michelin stars; it was voted No.", "Heston Blumenthal __knowledge__ 1 in The World’s 50 Best Restaurants in 2005.", "Heston Blumenthal __knowledge__ Blumenthal owns the restaurant Dinner in London, which has two Michelin stars, and two pubs in Bray, The Crown at Bray and The Hinds Head, which has one Michelin star.", "Heston Blumenthal __knowledge__ He invented recipes for triple-cooked chips and soft-centred Scotch eggs.", "Heston Blumenthal __knowledge__ He advocates scientific understanding in cooking, for which he has been awarded honorary degrees from Reading, Bristol and London universities and made a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry." ] ]

[ 1, 37, 12 ]

[ "I really like ice cream and have been sad lately. Which means I eat a lot of ice cream because they make me feel better.", "I do too. Have you ever heard of bacon ice cream? This is a surprising combination but it's good!", "I like a simple Vanilla. Neapolitan is good too." ]

[ "Ice cream", "Ice cream", "Ice cream" ]

[ "Tomato", "I can relate to that! I feel like the textures of tomatoes are what throw me off. The flavor itself isn't so bad. Pizza sauce is good too. Do you like pizza?", "That sounds delicious. How much would it cost to have a couple larges made from scratch and delivered tonight? Ha JK When it comes to brand name pizza - which one is your favorite?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tomato __knowledge__ The tomato (see pronunciation) is the edible, often red, fruit of the plant \"Solanum lycopersicum\", commonly known as a tomato plant.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The plant belongs to the nightshade family, \"Solanaceae\".", "Tomato __knowledge__ The species originated in western South America.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Nahuatl (Aztec language) word \"tomatl\" gave rise to the Spanish word \"tomate\", from which the English word tomato derived.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Its use as a cultivated food may have originated with the indigenous peoples of Peru and Ecuador.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Spanish discovered the tomato from their contact with the Aztec peoples during the Spanish colonization of the Americas, then brought it to Europe, and, from there, to other parts of the European colonized world during the 16th century.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Tomato is consumed in diverse ways, including raw, as an ingredient in many dishes, sauces, salads, and drinks.", "Tomato __knowledge__ While tomatoes are botanically berry-type fruits, they are considered culinary vegetables as an ingredient or side dish for savory meals.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Numerous varieties of tomato are widely grown in temperate climates across the world, with greenhouses allowing its production throughout the year.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The plants typically grow to in height and have a weak stem that sprawls.", "Tomato __knowledge__ It is a perennial in its native habitat, and cultivated as an annual." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tomato __knowledge__ The tomato (see pronunciation) is the edible, often red, fruit of the plant \"Solanum lycopersicum\", commonly known as a tomato plant.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The plant belongs to the nightshade family, \"Solanaceae\".", "Tomato __knowledge__ The species originated in western South America.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Nahuatl (Aztec language) word \"tomatl\" gave rise to the Spanish word \"tomate\", from which the English word tomato derived.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Its use as a cultivated food may have originated with the indigenous peoples of Peru and Ecuador.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Spanish discovered the tomato from their contact with the Aztec peoples during the Spanish colonization of the Americas, then brought it to Europe, and, from there, to other parts of the European colonized world during the 16th century.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Tomato is consumed in diverse ways, including raw, as an ingredient in many dishes, sauces, salads, and drinks.", "Tomato __knowledge__ While tomatoes are botanically berry-type fruits, they are considered culinary vegetables as an ingredient or side dish for savory meals.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Numerous varieties of tomato are widely grown in temperate climates across the world, with greenhouses allowing its production throughout the year.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The plants typically grow to in height and have a weak stem that sprawls.", "Tomato __knowledge__ It is a perennial in its native habitat, and cultivated as an annual.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan cuisine is a fusion of cuisines of several European countries, with a particular emphasis on Mediterranean food from Spain, Italy, Portugal and France.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Other possible influences on the cuisine may result from immigration from countries such as Germany and Britain.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The food is very similar to Argentine cuisine.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The base of the country's diet is meat and animal products, mostly coming from beef but also chicken, lamb, pig and sometimes fish.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan gastronomy came from immigration, and did not come from the Amerindians, because the new colonies did not trust the natives.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The preferred cooking methods for meats and vegetables are still boiling and roasting, but with modernization also came frying (see milanesas and chivitos).", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Ketchup (formerly catsup) is a condiment.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Traditionally, recipes used egg whites, mushrooms, oysters, mussels, or walnuts, among other ingredients, but in modern times the unmodified term usually refers to \"tomato ketchup\".", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Ketchup is a sweet and tangy sauce typically made from tomatoes, sweetener, and vinegar, with assorted seasonings and spices.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ The latter vary by recipe, but commonly include onions, allspice, coriander, cloves, cumin, garlic, mustard and sometimes celery, cinnamon or ginger.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ The market leader in the United States (60% market share) and United Kingdom (82%) is Heinz.", "Ketchup __knowledge__ Hunt's has the second biggest share of the US market with less than 20%.", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomato sauce (also known as Neapolitan sauce, and referred to in Italy as Salsa di pomodoro) refers to any of a very large number of sauces made primarily from tomatoes, usually to be served as part of a dish (rather than as a condiment).", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomato sauces are common for meat and vegetables, but they are perhaps best known as sauces for pasta dishes.", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ Tomatoes have a rich flavor, high liquid content, very soft flesh which breaks down easily, and the right composition to thicken into a sauce when they are cooked (without the need of thickeners such as roux).", "Tomato sauce __knowledge__ All of these qualities make them ideal for simple and appealing sauces.", "Spatini sauce __knowledge__ Spatini spaghetti sauce is an American tomato sauce mix with a flavor profile built upon oregano, thyme, pepper, onion, garlic, and other natural flavors.", "Spatini sauce __knowledge__ The sauce mix was manufactured and distributed originally by Spatini Co., subsequently by Unilever and its subsidiary Lipton, and at present by Lawry's.", "Spatini sauce __knowledge__ Spatini spaghetti sauce mix was originally developed and marketed by Russell G. Lakoff and Harry Seidman of Overbrook Hills, Pennsylvania, who registered their business in Philadelphia as Spatini Co. on September 4, 1952, selling the dry powdered mix packaged in boxes of three packets.", "Spatini sauce __knowledge__ Early packages of Spatini spaghetti sauce mix state that the Spatini Company was based in Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ This is a listing of regional variations on the hot dog.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Different areas of the world have local variations on the type of meat used, condiments, and means of preparation, which are enumerated below.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs are very popular throughout the United States.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Many regional variations exist.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ Hot dogs made with caribou meat added are sold as \"reindeer dogs\" throughout Alaska.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ The Sonoran hot dog is popular in Tucson, Phoenix, and elsewhere in southern Arizona, as well as in the neighboring Mexican state of Sonora.", "Hot dog variations __knowledge__ It is a hot dog wrapped in mesquite-smoked bacon, cooked on a grill or on a griddle or comal, then topped with pinto beans, onions, tomatoes, mayonnaise, mustard and jalapeño salsa or sauce, and served on a bolillo roll, often with a side of fresh-roasted chili pepper.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tomato __knowledge__ The tomato (see pronunciation) is the edible, often red, fruit of the plant \"Solanum lycopersicum\", commonly known as a tomato plant.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The plant belongs to the nightshade family, \"Solanaceae\".", "Tomato __knowledge__ The species originated in western South America.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Nahuatl (Aztec language) word \"tomatl\" gave rise to the Spanish word \"tomate\", from which the English word tomato derived.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Its use as a cultivated food may have originated with the indigenous peoples of Peru and Ecuador.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Spanish discovered the tomato from their contact with the Aztec peoples during the Spanish colonization of the Americas, then brought it to Europe, and, from there, to other parts of the European colonized world during the 16th century.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Tomato is consumed in diverse ways, including raw, as an ingredient in many dishes, sauces, salads, and drinks.", "Tomato __knowledge__ While tomatoes are botanically berry-type fruits, they are considered culinary vegetables as an ingredient or side dish for savory meals.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Numerous varieties of tomato are widely grown in temperate climates across the world, with greenhouses allowing its production throughout the year.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The plants typically grow to in height and have a weak stem that sprawls.", "Tomato __knowledge__ It is a perennial in its native habitat, and cultivated as an annual.", "PizzaExpress __knowledge__ PizzaExpress is a restaurant group with over 470 restaurants across the United Kingdom and 100 overseas in Europe, Hong Kong, China, India and the Middle East.", "PizzaExpress __knowledge__ It was founded in 1965 by Peter Boizot.", "PizzaExpress __knowledge__ In July 2014 the group was sold to the China-based private equity firm Hony Capital in a deal worth £900 million ($1.54 billion).", "PizzaExpress __knowledge__ PizzaExpress celebrated its 50th birthday in 2015.", "PizzaExpress __knowledge__ Founded in 1965 by Peter Boizot, PizzaExpress opened its first restaurant in London's Wardour Street.", "PizzaExpress __knowledge__ Inspired by a trip to Italy, Boizot brought back to London a pizza oven from Naples and a chef from Sicily.", "PizzaExpress __knowledge__ In 1969 jazz performances began at its Dean Street restaurant, London.", "List of Kamen Rider Fourze characters __knowledge__ The main setting of the series is the fictional , the school where the main characters attend along with many unique characters.", "List of Kamen Rider Fourze characters __knowledge__ The is a club that Gentaro Kisaragi forms to gain new friends at Amanogawa High School, named after Fourze's predecessors: the various Kamen Riders.", "List of Kamen Rider Fourze characters __knowledge__ The club's members assist Kamen Rider Fourze in his battles against the Zodiarts.", "List of Kamen Rider Fourze characters __knowledge__ In addition, they investigate the urban legends that surround the existence of the past Kamen Riders.", "List of Kamen Rider Fourze characters __knowledge__ The Kamen Rider Club's headquarters are the remains of the lunar base owned by the which developed the Kamen Rider Fourze technology and the Zodiarts Switches.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Brand __knowledge__ A brand is a name, term, design, symbol, or other feature that distinguishes an organization or product from its rivals in the eyes of the customer.", "Brand __knowledge__ Brands are used in business, marketing, and advertising.", "Brand __knowledge__ Name brands are sometimes distinguished from generic or store brands.", "Brand __knowledge__ The practice of branding is thought to have begun with the ancient Egyptians who were known to have engaged in livestock branding as early as 2,700 BC.", "Brand __knowledge__ Branding was used to differentiate one person’s cattle from another's by means of a distinctive symbol burned into the animal’s skin with a hot branding iron.", "Brand __knowledge__ If a person would steal the animals, anyone could detect the symbol and deduce the actual owner.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The 2010 \"Tonight Show\" conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ Leno, the host of long-running franchise \"The Tonight Show\" since 1992, and O'Brien, host of \"Late Night\" since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for the network for much of the decade.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ When O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, when they informed him he would remain host for five more years and then transition the show to O'Brien in 2009.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan cuisine is a fusion of cuisines of several European countries, with a particular emphasis on Mediterranean food from Spain, Italy, Portugal and France.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Other possible influences on the cuisine may result from immigration from countries such as Germany and Britain.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The food is very similar to Argentine cuisine.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The base of the country's diet is meat and animal products, mostly coming from beef but also chicken, lamb, pig and sometimes fish.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan gastronomy came from immigration, and did not come from the Amerindians, because the new colonies did not trust the natives.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The preferred cooking methods for meats and vegetables are still boiling and roasting, but with modernization also came frying (see milanesas and chivitos).", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Lay's __knowledge__ Lay's is the name of a brand for a number of potato chip varieties, as well as the name of the company that founded the chip brand in the U.S. in 1932.", "Lay's __knowledge__ It is also called Frito-Lay.", "Lay's __knowledge__ Lay's has been owned by PepsiCo since 1965.", "Lay's __knowledge__ \"Lay's\" is the company's primary brand, with the exception of limited markets where other brand names are used: Walkers in the United Kingdom and Ireland; Smith's in Australia; Chipsy in Egypt; Poca in Vietnam; Tapuchips in Israel; Margarita in Colombia; Sabritas in Mexico; and, formerly, Hostess in Canada.", "Lay's __knowledge__ In 1932, salesman Herman Lay opened a snack food operation in Dorset, Ohio; and, in 1938, he purchased the Atlanta, Georgia, potato chip manufacturer \"Barrett Food Company\", renaming it \"H.W." ] ]

[ 1, 18, 0 ]

[ "I actually do not like tomatoes even though I will eat ketchup and spaghetti sauce. I think a tomato has a weird flavor by itself.", "I love pizza! I make, in my opinion, the best made from scratch pizza with homemade garlic dough. We make bbq chicken and bacon and tons of cheese.", "I love most of them all! Pizza is my weakness. I can't name an absolute favorite but probably my least favorite is Little Ceasars. " ]

[ "Tomato", "Tomato", "Tomato" ]

[ "Parachuting\ni would like to try sky diving. Have you ever done it?", "Yes I would! Please tell me more. Do you need to do a course or something?", "Okay cool. Do you have to practice in an air tunnel first or something?", "Haha.. I don't really have any hydrogen balloons at the moment. Do you know how long people have been doing skydiving?", "Nice! I remember hearing that there were a lot of unsuccessful attempts. People making bird wing type stuff. Have you heard about these?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Parachuting, or skydiving, is a method of transiting from a high point to Earth with the aid of gravity, involving the control of speed during the descent with the use of a parachute.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ It may involve more or less free-falling which is a period during the parachute has not been deployed and the body gradually accelerates to terminal velocity.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first parachute jump in history was made by André-Jacques Garnerin, the inventor of the parachute, on October 22, 1797.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin tested his contraption by leaping from a hydrogen balloon above Paris.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin's parachute bore little resemblance to today's parachutes, however, as it was not packed into any sort of container and did not feature a ripcord.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first intentional freefall jump with a ripcord-operated deployment was not made until over a century later by Leslie Irvin in 1919.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ While Georgia Broadwick made an earlier freefall in 1914 when her static line became entangled with her jump aircraft's tail assembly, her freefall descent was not planned.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Broadwick cut her static line and deployed her parachute manually, only as a means of freeing herself from the aircraft to which she had become entangled.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The military developed parachuting technology as a way to save aircrews from emergencies aboard balloons and aircraft in flight, and later as a way of delivering soldiers to the battlefield.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The safety of underwater diving depends on four factors: the environment, the equipment, behaviour of the individual diver and performance of the dive team.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The underwater environment can impose severe physical and psychological stress on a diver, and is mostly beyond the diver's control.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ Equipment is used to operate underwater for anything beyond very short periods, and the reliable function of some of the equipment is critical to even short term survival.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ Other equipment allows the diver to operate in relative comfort and efficiency.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The performance of the individual diver depends on learned skills, many of which are not intuitive, and the performance of the team depends on communication and common goals.", "Human factors in diving safety __knowledge__ Human factors are the physical or cognitive properties of individuals, or social behavior which is specific to humans, and influence functioning of technological systems as well as human-environment equilibria.", "Human factors in diving safety __knowledge__ The safety of underwater diving operations can be improved by reducing the frequency of human error and the consequences when it does occur.", "Human factors in diving safety __knowledge__ Human error can be defined as an individual's deviation from acceptable or desirable practice which culminates in undesirable or unexpected results.", "Human factors in diving safety __knowledge__ Dive safety is primarily a function of four factors: the environment, equipment, individual diver performance and dive team performance.", "Akash Ganga __knowledge__ Akash Ganga is the 14 member Sky diving team of the Indian Air Force.", "Akash Ganga __knowledge__ It was created in August 1987.", "Akash Ganga __knowledge__ Akash Ganga can be roughly translated in Hindi as \"The Ganga of the sky\", it's an ancient Hindi name for the galaxy as viewed from the Earth.", "Akash Ganga __knowledge__ Its genesis can be traced to the early 1970s when defence personnel tried to hone their aerial assault techniques for wartime operations.", "Akash Ganga __knowledge__ The practice soon evolved into a peace time adventure sports and it was in 1987 that the IAF launched Akash Ganga at the Air Force Station Agra.", "Akash Ganga __knowledge__ The Akashganga Air Force team comprises the most dedicated, skillful and daredevil Para Instructors of the Paratroopers Training School.", "Sky Diving (video game) __knowledge__ Sky Diving is a downloadable game on the PlayStation Store and developed by Bergsala Lightweight.", "Sky Diving (video game) __knowledge__ It was released in North America on February 7, 2008.", "Sky Diving (video game) __knowledge__ \"Sky Diving\" relies on the DualShock 3's Sixaxis motion controls.", "Sky Diving (video game) __knowledge__ The player free falls by tilting the controller, with additional stunts also using motion sensing.", "Sky Diving (video game) __knowledge__ There are two main modes; formation and landing.", "Sky Diving (video game) __knowledge__ Formation has the player and a team of three other skydivers (either other players online or computer controlled) perform different stunt setups.", "Sky Diving (video game) __knowledge__ In landing mode, the player must make a perfect landing on a designated target.", "Sky Diving (video game) __knowledge__ The game features a global ranking system for the formation and landing modes.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba diving is a form of underwater diving where the diver uses a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) which is completely independent of surface supply, to breathe underwater.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba divers carry their own source of breathing gas, usually compressed air, allowing them greater independence and freedom of movement than surface-supplied divers, and longer underwater endurance than breath-hold divers.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Open circuit scuba systems discharge the breathing gas into the environment as it is exhaled, and consist of one or more diving cylinders containing breathing gas at high pressure which is supplied to the diver through a regulator.", "Commercial offshore diving __knowledge__ Commercial offshore diving, sometimes shortened to just offshore diving, is a branch of commercial diving, with divers working in support of the exploration and production sector of the oil and gas industry in places such as the Gulf of Mexico in the United States, the North Sea in the United Kingdom and Norway, and along the coast of Brazil.", "Commercial offshore diving __knowledge__ The work in this area of the industry includes maintenance of oil platforms and the building of underwater structures.", "Commercial offshore diving __knowledge__ In this context \"\" implies that the diving work is done outside of national boundaries.", "Commercial offshore diving __knowledge__ Equipment used for offshore diving tends to be surface supplied equipment but this varies according to the work and location." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Parachuting, or skydiving, is a method of transiting from a high point to Earth with the aid of gravity, involving the control of speed during the descent with the use of a parachute.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ It may involve more or less free-falling which is a period during the parachute has not been deployed and the body gradually accelerates to terminal velocity.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first parachute jump in history was made by André-Jacques Garnerin, the inventor of the parachute, on October 22, 1797.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin tested his contraption by leaping from a hydrogen balloon above Paris.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin's parachute bore little resemblance to today's parachutes, however, as it was not packed into any sort of container and did not feature a ripcord.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first intentional freefall jump with a ripcord-operated deployment was not made until over a century later by Leslie Irvin in 1919.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ While Georgia Broadwick made an earlier freefall in 1914 when her static line became entangled with her jump aircraft's tail assembly, her freefall descent was not planned.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Broadwick cut her static line and deployed her parachute manually, only as a means of freeing herself from the aircraft to which she had become entangled.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The military developed parachuting technology as a way to save aircrews from emergencies aboard balloons and aircraft in flight, and later as a way of delivering soldiers to the battlefield.", "Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time __knowledge__ Chauka, please tell us the time is a documentary movie co-directed by Behrouz Boochani and Arash Kamali Sarvestani.", "Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time __knowledge__ It was shot by Behrouz Boochani from inside the Manus Island detention center in Papua New Guinea.", "Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time __knowledge__ The entire movie was shot over a period of several months on a mobile phone, which was kept secret from the prison authorities.", "Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time __knowledge__ Chauka is the name of a native bird on Manus Island and is also the name of the solitary confinement unit at Manus detention center.", "Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time __knowledge__ The Chauka is a symbol of the island and allows locals to tell the time from the Chauka's regular singing.", "Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time __knowledge__ The co-director, Arash Kamali Sarvestani lives in the Netherlands.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Behrouz Boochani __knowledge__ Behrouz Boochani (Born July 23, 1983 in Ilam, Iran) is a Kurdish journalist, human rights defender, poet and film producer.", "Behrouz Boochani __knowledge__ He is the co-director, along with Arash Kamali Sarvestani, of the documentary \"Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time\" Behrouz Boochani graduated from Tarbiat Modares University with a master's degree in Political Geography and Geopolitics.", "Behrouz Boochani __knowledge__ Boochani worked as a freelance journalist for the Iranian newspapers Kasbokar Weekly, Qanoon, and Etemaad where he published articles on Middle-East politics, minority rights and the survival of Kurdish culture.", "Behrouz Boochani __knowledge__ He cofounded and produced the Kurdish magazine Werya.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Joachim von Ribbentrop __knowledge__ Ulrich Friedrich Wilhelm Joachim von Ribbentrop (30 April 1893 – 16 October 1946), more commonly known as Joachim von Ribbentrop, was Foreign Minister of Nazi Germany from 1938 until 1945.", "Joachim von Ribbentrop __knowledge__ Ribbentrop first came to Adolf Hitler's notice as a well-travelled businessman with more knowledge of the outside world than most senior Nazis and as an authority on world affairs.", "Joachim von Ribbentrop __knowledge__ He offered his house for the secret meetings in January 1933 that resulted in Hitler's appointment as Chancellor of Germany.", "Joachim von Ribbentrop __knowledge__ He became a close confidant of Hitler, to the disgust of some party members, who thought him superficial and lacking in talent.", "Shital Mahajan __knowledge__ Shital Mahajan - Rane, is an Indian extreme sportsperson, skydiver and the holder of Six World records and 17 National records in the sport.", "Shital Mahajan __knowledge__ She is known to be the first woman to have done her first ever parachute jump without any training over the Geographical North pole in minus 37 degree Celsius from 2400 ft, and first accelerated free fall jump without any trials over the Antarctica - South pole from 11,600 feet, in minus 38 degree Celsius the youngest woman to jump over both the North and South Poles, and the first woman jumper to perform it without trials.", "Shital Mahajan __knowledge__ The Government of India honored Mahajan in 2011, with the fourth highest civilian award of Padma Shri.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ A parachute rigger is a person who is trained or licensed to pack, maintain or repair parachutes.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ A rigger is required to understand fabrics, hardware, webbing, regulations, sewing, packing, and other aspects related to the building, packing, repair, and maintenance of parachutes.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ Militaries around the world train their own parachute riggers to support their airborne or paratrooper forces.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ These military riggers also pack parachutes for aerial delivery operations, through which military supplies and equipment are delivered by aircraft to combat zones.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ Parachute riggers in the Australian Army are responsible for the preparation, maintenance and supply of parachutes and other aerial delivery components.", "Parachute __knowledge__ A parachute is a device used to slow the motion of an object through an atmosphere by creating drag (or in the case of ram-air parachutes, aerodynamic lift).", "Parachute __knowledge__ Parachutes are usually made out of light, strong fabric, originally silk, now most commonly nylon.", "Parachute __knowledge__ They are typically dome-shaped, but vary, with rectangles, inverted domes, and others found.", "Parachute __knowledge__ A variety of loads are attached to parachutes, including people, food, equipment, space capsules, and bombs.", "Parachute __knowledge__ A drogue chute is used to aid horizontal deceleration of a vehicle such as fixed-wing aircraft and drag racer); provide stability, as to certain types of light aircraft in distress, tandem free-fall; and as a pilot triggering deployment a larger parachute.", "BASE jumping __knowledge__ BASE jumping, also sometimes written as B.A.S.E.", "BASE jumping __knowledge__ jumping, is parachuting or wingsuit flying from a fixed structure or cliff.", "BASE jumping __knowledge__ \"BASE\" is an acronym that stands for four categories of fixed objects from which one can jump: building, antenna, span, and Earth (cliff).", "BASE jumping __knowledge__ Due to the lower altitudes of the jumps, BASE jumping is significantly more dangerous than skydiving from a plane.", "BASE jumping __knowledge__ In the U.S., BASE jumping is currently regarded by many as a fringe extreme sport or stunt.", "BASE jumping __knowledge__ In some jurisdictions or locations, BASE jumping is prohibited or illegal; in some places, however, it is permitted, like Perrine Bridge, in Twin Falls, Idaho.", "D. B. Cooper __knowledge__ D. B. Cooper is a media epithet popularly used to refer to an unidentified man who hijacked a Boeing 727 aircraft in the airspace between Portland, Oregon, and Seattle, Washington, on November 24, 1971.", "D. B. Cooper __knowledge__ He extorted $200,000 in ransom () and parachuted to an uncertain fate.", "D. B. Cooper __knowledge__ Despite an extensive manhunt and protracted FBI investigation, the perpetrator has never been located or identified.", "D. B. Cooper __knowledge__ The case remains the only unsolved air piracy in commercial aviation history.", "D. B. Cooper __knowledge__ While available evidence and a preponderance of expert opinion suggested from the beginning that Cooper probably did not survive his high-risk jump, the FBI nevertheless maintained an active investigation for 45 years following the hijacking.", "Attacks on parachutists __knowledge__ Attacks on parachutists, as defined by the law of war, is when pilots, aircrews, and passengers are attacked while descending by parachute from disabled aircraft during wartime.", "Attacks on parachutists __knowledge__ This practice is considered by most militaries around the world to be inhumane, barbaric, and unchivalrous, that it is unnecessary killing (the attacked personnel would eventually become POWs if parachuted over enemy territory), and that it is contrary to fair play.", "Attacks on parachutists __knowledge__ Attacking parachutists from aircraft in distress is a war crime under the Protocol I addition to the 1949 Geneva Conventions.", "Attacks on parachutists __knowledge__ Firing on airborne forces who are descending by parachute, even if their aircraft is in distress, is not prohibited." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Parachuting, or skydiving, is a method of transiting from a high point to Earth with the aid of gravity, involving the control of speed during the descent with the use of a parachute.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ It may involve more or less free-falling which is a period during the parachute has not been deployed and the body gradually accelerates to terminal velocity.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first parachute jump in history was made by André-Jacques Garnerin, the inventor of the parachute, on October 22, 1797.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin tested his contraption by leaping from a hydrogen balloon above Paris.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin's parachute bore little resemblance to today's parachutes, however, as it was not packed into any sort of container and did not feature a ripcord.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first intentional freefall jump with a ripcord-operated deployment was not made until over a century later by Leslie Irvin in 1919.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ While Georgia Broadwick made an earlier freefall in 1914 when her static line became entangled with her jump aircraft's tail assembly, her freefall descent was not planned.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Broadwick cut her static line and deployed her parachute manually, only as a means of freeing herself from the aircraft to which she had become entangled.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The military developed parachuting technology as a way to save aircrews from emergencies aboard balloons and aircraft in flight, and later as a way of delivering soldiers to the battlefield.", "Ground-coupled heat exchanger __knowledge__ A ground-coupled heat exchanger is an underground heat exchanger that can capture heat from and/or dissipate heat to the ground.", "Ground-coupled heat exchanger __knowledge__ They use the Earth's near constant subterranean temperature to warm or cool air or other fluids for residential, agricultural or industrial uses.", "Ground-coupled heat exchanger __knowledge__ If building air is blown through the heat exchanger for heat recovery ventilation, they are called earth tubes (also known as earth cooling tubes or earth warming tubes) in Europe or earth-air heat exchangers (EAHE or EAHX) in North America.", "Ground-coupled heat exchanger __knowledge__ These systems are known by several other names, including: air-to-soil heat exchanger, earth channels, earth canals, earth-air tunnel systems, ground tube heat exchanger, hypocausts, subsoil heat exchangers, thermal labyrinths, underground air pipes, and others.", "Detroit–Windsor Tunnel __knowledge__ The Detroit–Windsor Tunnel (French: Tunnel Detroit-Windsor), also known as the Detroit-Canada Tunnel, is a highway tunnel connecting Detroit, Michigan, in the United States, with Windsor, Ontario, in Canada.", "Detroit–Windsor Tunnel __knowledge__ It is the second busiest crossing between the United States and Canada.", "Detroit–Windsor Tunnel __knowledge__ The Detroit–Windsor Tunnel was built by the firm Parsons, Klapp, Brinckerhoff and Douglas (the same firm that built the Holland Tunnel).", "Detroit–Windsor Tunnel __knowledge__ The executive engineer was Burnside A.", "Detroit–Windsor Tunnel __knowledge__ Value, the engineer of design was Norwegian-American engineer Søren Anton Thoresen, while fellow Norwegian-American Ole Singstad consulted, and designed the ventilation.", "Selly Oak __knowledge__ Selly Oak is an industrial and residential area in southwest Birmingham, England.", "Selly Oak __knowledge__ The area gives its name to Selly Oak ward and includes the neighbourhoods of: Bournbrook, Selly Park, and Ten Acres.", "Selly Oak __knowledge__ The adjoining wards of Edgbaston and Harborne are to the north of the Bourn Brook, which was the former County Boundary, and to the south; Weoley, and Bournville.", "Selly Oak __knowledge__ A district committee serves the four wards of Selly Oak, Billesley, Bournville and Brandwood.", "Selly Oak __knowledge__ The same wards form the Birmingham Selly Oak (UK Parliament constituency) represented by Steve McCabe (Labour).", "Selly Oak __knowledge__ Selly Oak is connected to Birmingham by the Pershore Road (A441) and the Bristol Road (A38).", "Heathrow Cargo Tunnel __knowledge__ The Heathrow Cargo Tunnel is a road tunnel in the London Borough of Hillingdon, London, UK that serves London Heathrow Airport.", "Heathrow Cargo Tunnel __knowledge__ In December 1968, the tunnel first opened, to connect Terminals 1, 2 and 3 to the newly opened cargo terminal at Heathrow, and it cost £2 million to build.", "Heathrow Cargo Tunnel __knowledge__ The tunnel is not open to the public; it is used only by vehicles with security clearance to drive airside.", "Heathrow Cargo Tunnel __knowledge__ It is used for cargo movements, and transfer of passengers to and from Terminal 4 (In 1986, Terminal 4 was built next to the cargo terminal).", "Heathrow Cargo Tunnel __knowledge__ From 1972, a London Transport bus service (route 82) operated through the tunnel.", "Cole World: The Sideline Story __knowledge__ Cole World: The Sideline Story (commonly shortened to Cole World or The Sideline Story; stylized as Cole World - The Sideline Story) is the debut studio album by American rapper J. Cole.", "Cole World: The Sideline Story __knowledge__ It was released on September 27, 2011, by Roc Nation and Columbia Records, with distribution from Sony Music.", "Cole World: The Sideline Story __knowledge__ The album is his first studio release, following three successful mixtapes.", "Cole World: The Sideline Story __knowledge__ In 2007, the album was first recorded and ended, and then began to take place from 2009 to 2011, featuring the production that was handled mainly by Cole himself, with some production from high-profile producer No I.D.", "Cole World: The Sideline Story __knowledge__ It includes features four guest appearances from Trey Songz, Drake, Jay-Z, and Missy Elliott.", "Chicago Tunnel Company __knowledge__ The Chicago Tunnel Company built a narrow gauge railway freight tunnel network under the downtown of the city of Chicago.", "Chicago Tunnel Company __knowledge__ This was regulated by the Interstate Commerce Commission as an interurban even though it operated entirely under central Chicago, did not carry passengers, and was entirely underground.", "Chicago Tunnel Company __knowledge__ It inspired the construction of the London Post Office Railway.", "Chicago Tunnel Company __knowledge__ The city of Chicago granted the newly formed Illinois Telephone and Telegraph company the rights to construct utility tunnels under the streets of Chicago in 1899 to carry its planned network of telephone cables.", "Chicago Tunnel Company __knowledge__ Initial plans for the tunnels called for filling them with phone cables, leaving a by passage for maintenance.", "Fear Itself (comics) __knowledge__ The comic \"Fear Itself\" is a 2011 crossover comic book storyline published by Marvel Comics, consisting of a seven-issue, eponymous miniseries written by Matt Fraction and illustrated by Stuart Immonen, Wade Von Grawbadger, and Laura Martin, a prologue book by writer Ed Brubaker and artist Scot Eaton, and numerous tie-in books, including most of the X-Men family of books.", "Fear Itself (comics) __knowledge__ \"Fear Itself\" was first announced by then-Marvel Editor-in-Chief Joe Quesada, Executive Editor Tom Brevoort and X-Men group editor Axel Alonso at a press conference held at Midtown Comics Times Square on December 21, 2010.", "Fear Itself (comics) __knowledge__ The story, whose title is a by Franklin D. Roosevelt, \"The only thing we have to fear is fear itself\", depicts the various superheroes of the Marvel Universe contending with the Serpent, an Asgardian fear deity who causes global panic on Earth, and who seeks to reclaim the throne of Asgard he contends was usurped by his brother, Odin, father to Thor, when the latter vanquished him ages ago.", "Free fall __knowledge__ In Newtonian physics, free fall is any motion of a body where gravity is the only force acting upon it.", "Free fall __knowledge__ In the context of general relativity, where gravitation is reduced to a space-time curvature, a body in free fall has no force acting on it.", "Free fall __knowledge__ An object in the technical sense of the term \"free fall\" may not necessarily be falling down in the usual sense of the term.", "Free fall __knowledge__ An object moving upwards would not normally be considered to be falling, but if it is subject to the force of gravity only, it is said to be in free fall.", "Free fall __knowledge__ The moon is thus in free fall.", "Free fall __knowledge__ In a uniform gravitational field, in the absence of any other forces, gravitation acts on each part of the body equally and this is weightlessness, a condition that also occurs when the gravitational field is zero (such as when far away from any gravitating body).", "Terminal velocity __knowledge__ Terminal velocity is the highest velocity attainable by an object as it falls through a fluid (air is the most common example).", "Terminal velocity __knowledge__ It occurs when the sum of the drag force (\"F\") and the buoyancy is equal to the downward force of gravity (\"F\") acting on the object.", "Terminal velocity __knowledge__ Since the net force on the object is zero, the object has zero acceleration.", "Terminal velocity __knowledge__ In fluid dynamics, an object is moving at its terminal velocity if its speed is constant due to the restraining force exerted by the fluid through which it is moving.", "Terminal velocity __knowledge__ As the speed of an object increases, so does the drag force acting on it, which also depends on the substance it is passing through (for example air or water).", "Drag (physics) __knowledge__ In fluid dynamics, drag (sometimes called air resistance, a type of friction, or fluid resistance, another type of friction or fluid friction) is a force acting opposite to the relative motion of any object moving with respect to a surrounding fluid.", "Drag (physics) __knowledge__ This can exist between two fluid layers (or surfaces) or a fluid and a solid surface.", "Drag (physics) __knowledge__ Unlike other resistive forces, such as dry friction, which are nearly independent of velocity, drag forces depend on velocity.", "Drag (physics) __knowledge__ Drag force is proportional to the velocity for a laminar flow and the squared velocity for a turbulent flow.", "Drag (physics) __knowledge__ Even though the ultimate cause of a drag is viscous friction, the turbulent drag is independent of viscosity.", "Equations for a falling body __knowledge__ A set of equations describe the resultant trajectories when objects move owing to a constant gravitational force under normal Earth-bound conditions.", "Equations for a falling body __knowledge__ For example, Newton's law of universal gravitation simplifies to \"F\" = \"mg\", where m is the mass of the body.", "Equations for a falling body __knowledge__ This assumption is reasonable for objects falling to earth over the relatively short vertical distances of our everyday experience, but is untrue over larger distances, such as spacecraft trajectories.", "Equations for a falling body __knowledge__ Galileo was the first to demonstrate and then formulate these equations.", "Equations for a falling body __knowledge__ He used a ramp to study rolling balls, the ramp slowing the acceleration enough to measure the time taken for the ball to roll a known distance.", "Bombsight __knowledge__ A bombsight is a device used by military aircraft to accurately drop bombs.", "Bombsight __knowledge__ Bombsights are a feature of combat aircraft from World War I on, first found on purpose-designed bomber aircraft, and then moving to fighter-bombers and modern tactical aircraft as these aircraft took up the brunt of the bombing role.", "Bombsight __knowledge__ A bombsight has to estimate the path the bomb will take after release from the aircraft.", "Bombsight __knowledge__ The two primary forces during its fall are gravity and air drag, which make the path of the bomb through the air roughly parabolic.", "Bombsight __knowledge__ There are additional factors such as changes in air density and wind that may be considered, but these are only a concern for bombs that spend a significant portion of a minute falling through the air.", "Settling __knowledge__ Settling is the process by which particulates settle to the bottom of a liquid and form a sediment.", "Settling __knowledge__ Particles that experience a force, either due to gravity or due to centrifugal motion will tend to move in a uniform manner in the direction exerted by that force.", "Settling __knowledge__ For gravity settling, this means that the particles will tend to fall to the bottom of the vessel, forming a slurry at the vessel base.", "Settling __knowledge__ Settling is an important operation in many applications, such as mining, wastewater treatment, biological science, space propellant reignition, and particle mechanics.", "Settling __knowledge__ For settling particles that are considered individually, i.e." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Parachuting, or skydiving, is a method of transiting from a high point to Earth with the aid of gravity, involving the control of speed during the descent with the use of a parachute.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ It may involve more or less free-falling which is a period during the parachute has not been deployed and the body gradually accelerates to terminal velocity.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first parachute jump in history was made by André-Jacques Garnerin, the inventor of the parachute, on October 22, 1797.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin tested his contraption by leaping from a hydrogen balloon above Paris.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin's parachute bore little resemblance to today's parachutes, however, as it was not packed into any sort of container and did not feature a ripcord.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first intentional freefall jump with a ripcord-operated deployment was not made until over a century later by Leslie Irvin in 1919.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ While Georgia Broadwick made an earlier freefall in 1914 when her static line became entangled with her jump aircraft's tail assembly, her freefall descent was not planned.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Broadwick cut her static line and deployed her parachute manually, only as a means of freeing herself from the aircraft to which she had become entangled.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The military developed parachuting technology as a way to save aircrews from emergencies aboard balloons and aircraft in flight, and later as a way of delivering soldiers to the battlefield.", "Carl Edgar Myers __knowledge__ Carl Edgar Myers ( – ) was an American businessman, scientist, inventor, meteorologist, balloonist, and aeronautical engineer.", "Carl Edgar Myers __knowledge__ He invented many types of hydrogen balloon airships and related equipment.", "Carl Edgar Myers __knowledge__ His business of making passenger airshipballoons and instrument balloons at his \"balloon farm\" was well known throughout the United States in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.", "Carl Edgar Myers __knowledge__ He invented a machine for varnishing fabric that would make it impervious to hydrogen so that the finished product could be made into large envelopes for lighter-than-air balloons.", "Carl Edgar Myers __knowledge__ Myers also experimented in making artificial rain in areas where rain was deficient for agriculture.", "Balloon (aeronautics) __knowledge__ In aeronautics, a balloon is an unpowered aerostat, which remains aloft or floats due to its buoyancy.", "Balloon (aeronautics) __knowledge__ A balloon may be free, moving with the wind, or tethered to a fixed point.", "Balloon (aeronautics) __knowledge__ It is distinct from an airship, which is a powered aerostat that can propel itself through the air in a controlled manner.", "Balloon (aeronautics) __knowledge__ Many balloons have a basket, gondola, or capsule suspended beneath the main envelope for carrying people or equipment (including cameras and telescopes, and flight-control mechanisms).", "Balloon (aeronautics) __knowledge__ A balloon is conceptually the simplest of all flying machines.", "Balloon (aeronautics) __knowledge__ The balloon is a fabric envelope filled with a gas that is lighter than the surrounding atmosphere.", "Mary Myers __knowledge__ Myers ran a business of manufacturing and selling passenger airship balloons and high altitude weather balloons with her husband.", "Mary Myers __knowledge__ She and her husband obtained several patents on aerial navigation devices and promoted these through exhibition demonstrations at county fairs and town shows.", "Mary Myers __knowledge__ Their balloons and related equipment they made at their \"balloon farm\" in Frankfort, New York.", "Mary Myers __knowledge__ Myers was born Mary Breed Hawley in August 1849 in Breed's Hill in Boston.", "Mary Myers __knowledge__ She descended from the family lines with the surnames of Breed (from the state of Massachusetts) and Hawley (from the state of Connecticut).", "Mary Myers __knowledge__ She had blonde hair.", "History of ballooning __knowledge__ The history of ballooning, both with hot air and gas, spans many centuries.", "History of ballooning __knowledge__ It includes many firsts, including the first human flight, first flight across the English Channel, first flight in North America, and first aircraft related disaster.", "History of ballooning __knowledge__ Unmanned hot air balloons are popular in Chinese history.", "History of ballooning __knowledge__ Zhuge Liang of the Shu Han kingdom, in the Three Kingdoms era (c. AD 220-280) used airborne lanterns for military signaling.", "History of ballooning __knowledge__ These lanterns are known as Kongming lanterns (孔明灯).", "History of ballooning __knowledge__ It has been demonstrated that manned hot air balloons can be built using ancient materials.", "History of ballooning __knowledge__ While there is no direct documentary or archaeological evidence that any manned or unmanned flights prior to those discussed below occurred using these methods, Ege notes an indirect report of evidence that the Chinese \"solved the problem of aerial navigation\" using balloons, hundreds of years before the 18th century.", "Shital Mahajan __knowledge__ Shital Mahajan - Rane, is an Indian extreme sportsperson, skydiver and the holder of Six World records and 17 National records in the sport.", "Shital Mahajan __knowledge__ She is known to be the first woman to have done her first ever parachute jump without any training over the Geographical North pole in minus 37 degree Celsius from 2400 ft, and first accelerated free fall jump without any trials over the Antarctica - South pole from 11,600 feet, in minus 38 degree Celsius the youngest woman to jump over both the North and South Poles, and the first woman jumper to perform it without trials.", "Shital Mahajan __knowledge__ The Government of India honored Mahajan in 2011, with the fourth highest civilian award of Padma Shri.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "Early flying machines __knowledge__ Early flying machines include all forms of aircraft studied or constructed before the development of the modern aeroplane by 1910.", "Early flying machines __knowledge__ The story of modern flight begins more than a century before the first successful manned aeroplane, and the earliest aircraft thousands of years before.", "Early flying machines __knowledge__ From the earliest times there have been legends of men mounting flying devices or strapping birdlike wings, stiffened cloaks or other devices to themselves and attempting to fly, typically by jumping off a tower.", "Early flying machines __knowledge__ The Greek legend of Daedalus and Icarus is one of the earliest to come down to us.", "Early flying machines __knowledge__ According to Ovid, Daedalus tied feathers together to mimic the wings of a bird.", "André-Jacques Garnerin __knowledge__ André-Jacques Garnerin (31 January, 1769 – 18 August, 1823) was a French balloonist and the inventor of the frameless parachute.", "André-Jacques Garnerin __knowledge__ He was appointed Official Aeronaut of France.", "André-Jacques Garnerin __knowledge__ Garnerin was born in Paris.", "André-Jacques Garnerin __knowledge__ He was captured by British troops during the first phase of the French Revolutionary Wars 1792–1797, turned over to the Austrians and held as a prisoner of war in Buda in Hungary for three years.", "André-Jacques Garnerin __knowledge__ Garnerin, a student of the ballooning pioneer professor Jacques Charles, was involved with the flight of hot air balloons, and worked with his older brother Jean-Baptiste-Olivier Garnerin (1766–1849) in most of his ballooning activities.", "Sophie Blanchard __knowledge__ Sophie Blanchard (25 March 1778 – 6 July 1819) was a French aeronaut and the wife of ballooning pioneer Jean-Pierre Blanchard.", "Sophie Blanchard __knowledge__ Blanchard was the first woman to work as a professional balloonist, and after her husband's death she continued ballooning, making more than 60 ascents.", "Sophie Blanchard __knowledge__ Known throughout Europe for her ballooning exploits, Blanchard entertained Napoleon Bonaparte, who promoted her to the role of \"Aeronaut of the Official Festivals\", replacing André-Jacques Garnerin.", "Sophie Blanchard __knowledge__ On the restoration of the monarchy in 1814 she performed for Louis XVIII, who named her \"Official Aeronaut of the Restoration\".", "Small wind turbine __knowledge__ A small wind turbine is a wind turbine used for microgeneration, as opposed to large commercial wind turbines, such as those found in wind farms, with greater individual power output.", "Small wind turbine __knowledge__ The Canadian Wind Energy Association (CanWEA) defines \"small wind\" as ranging from less than 1000 Watt (1 kW) turbines up to 300 kW turbines.", "Small wind turbine __knowledge__ The smaller turbines may be as small as a 50 Watt auxiliary power generator for a boat, caravan, or miniature refrigeration unit.", "Small wind turbine __knowledge__ Smaller scale turbines for residential scale use are available.", "Small wind turbine __knowledge__ Their blades are usually in diameter and produce 1-10 kW of electricity at their optimal wind speed." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Parachuting, or skydiving, is a method of transiting from a high point to Earth with the aid of gravity, involving the control of speed during the descent with the use of a parachute.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ It may involve more or less free-falling which is a period during the parachute has not been deployed and the body gradually accelerates to terminal velocity.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first parachute jump in history was made by André-Jacques Garnerin, the inventor of the parachute, on October 22, 1797.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin tested his contraption by leaping from a hydrogen balloon above Paris.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin's parachute bore little resemblance to today's parachutes, however, as it was not packed into any sort of container and did not feature a ripcord.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first intentional freefall jump with a ripcord-operated deployment was not made until over a century later by Leslie Irvin in 1919.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ While Georgia Broadwick made an earlier freefall in 1914 when her static line became entangled with her jump aircraft's tail assembly, her freefall descent was not planned.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Broadwick cut her static line and deployed her parachute manually, only as a means of freeing herself from the aircraft to which she had become entangled.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The military developed parachuting technology as a way to save aircrews from emergencies aboard balloons and aircraft in flight, and later as a way of delivering soldiers to the battlefield.", "Bird Wing Imperial __knowledge__ The Bird Wing or later, Bird Wing Imperial was a light sport biplane of the 1920s and 1930s.", "Bird Wing Imperial __knowledge__ The first Bird Wing took McCrum and his assistants 63 days to build at a cost of US$12,000.", "Bird Wing Imperial __knowledge__ The prototype flew over 5000 passengers over a period of 15 months.", "Bird Wing Imperial __knowledge__ McCrum revised the plans for the Bird Wing again in the 1950s to install a Pratt & Whitney R-985 Wasp Junior radial engine and a 3 inch fuselage widening to convert the design into an agricultural aircraft which never went into production.", "Bird Wing Imperial __knowledge__ The biplane features welded steel tube fuselage with aircraft fabric covering and spruce wood spar wings.", "Bird Wing Imperial __knowledge__ Among the many pilots who flew the Bird Wing were Hap Arnold and Charles Lindbergh.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ The songwriting of American musician Brian Wilson, co-founder and multi-tasking leader of the Beach Boys, is widely considered to be among the most innovative and significant of the late 20th century.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ His combined arranging, producing, and songwriting skills also made him a major innovator in the field of music production.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ In a 1966 article that asks \"Do the Beach Boys rely too much on sound genius Brian?\"", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ brother and bandmate Carl Wilson said that every member of the group contributes ideas, that Brian was most responsible for their music.", "Musicianship of Brian Wilson __knowledge__ Dennis Wilson said: \"Brian Wilson \"is\" the Beach Boys.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Leslie Irvin (parachutist) __knowledge__ Leslie Leroy Irvin (10 September 1895 – 9 October 1966) made the first premeditated free-fall parachute jump in 1919.", "Leslie Irvin (parachutist) __knowledge__ Irvin was born in Los Angeles.", "Leslie Irvin (parachutist) __knowledge__ He became a stunt-man for the fledgling Californian film industry, for which he had to perform acrobatics on trapezes from balloons and then make descents using a parachute.", "Leslie Irvin (parachutist) __knowledge__ Irvin made his first jump when aged fourteen.", "Leslie Irvin (parachutist) __knowledge__ For a film called \"Sky High\", he first jumped from an aircraft from 1,000 feet in 1914.", "Leslie Irvin (parachutist) __knowledge__ He developed his own static line parachute as a life-saving device in 1918 and jumped with it several times.", "Leslie Irvin (parachutist) __knowledge__ Leslie Leroy Irvin was born on September 10, 1895.", "Caterpillar Club __knowledge__ The Caterpillar Club is an informal association of people who have successfully used a parachute to bail out of a disabled aircraft.", "Caterpillar Club __knowledge__ After authentication by the parachute maker, applicants receive a membership certificate and a distinctive lapel pin.", "Caterpillar Club __knowledge__ The nationality of the person whose life was saved by parachute, and ownership of the aircraft are not factors in determining qualification for membership; anybody who has saved their life by using a parachute after bailing out of a disabled aircraft is eligible.", "Caterpillar Club __knowledge__ The requirement that the aircraft is disabled naturally excludes parachuting enthusiasts in the normal course of a recreational jump, or those involved in military training jumps.", "Parachute __knowledge__ A parachute is a device used to slow the motion of an object through an atmosphere by creating drag (or in the case of ram-air parachutes, aerodynamic lift).", "Parachute __knowledge__ Parachutes are usually made out of light, strong fabric, originally silk, now most commonly nylon.", "Parachute __knowledge__ They are typically dome-shaped, but vary, with rectangles, inverted domes, and others found.", "Parachute __knowledge__ A variety of loads are attached to parachutes, including people, food, equipment, space capsules, and bombs.", "Parachute __knowledge__ A drogue chute is used to aid horizontal deceleration of a vehicle such as fixed-wing aircraft and drag racer); provide stability, as to certain types of light aircraft in distress, tandem free-fall; and as a pilot triggering deployment a larger parachute.", "Hotline Miami __knowledge__ Hotline Miami is a top-down shooter video game by Jonatan Söderström and Dennis Wedin, collectively known as Dennaton Games.", "Hotline Miami __knowledge__ The game was published by Devolver Digital and released on 23 October 2012 for Microsoft Windows.", "Hotline Miami __knowledge__ Set in 1989 Miami, the game revolves primarily around an unnamed silent protagonist—dubbed \"Jacket\" by fans—who has been receiving messages on his answering machine instructing him to commit massacres against the local Russian Mafia.", "Hotline Miami __knowledge__ The game blends top-down perspective with stealth, extreme violence and surreal storytelling, along with a soundtrack and visuals inspired by 1980s culture.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ A parachute rigger is a person who is trained or licensed to pack, maintain or repair parachutes.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ A rigger is required to understand fabrics, hardware, webbing, regulations, sewing, packing, and other aspects related to the building, packing, repair, and maintenance of parachutes.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ Militaries around the world train their own parachute riggers to support their airborne or paratrooper forces.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ These military riggers also pack parachutes for aerial delivery operations, through which military supplies and equipment are delivered by aircraft to combat zones.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ Parachute riggers in the Australian Army are responsible for the preparation, maintenance and supply of parachutes and other aerial delivery components.", "Leslie Irvin (serial killer) __knowledge__ Leslie \"Joe Goebbels\" Irvin (April 2, 1924 – November 9, 1983) was an American serial killer whose killing spree in the early 1950s terrorized residents of southwestern Indiana and whose Supreme Court case set a precedent for ensuring a fair trial for defendants even in the wake of a great deal of pretrial publicity.", "Leslie Irvin (serial killer) __knowledge__ Irvin was ultimately arrested in connection with six murders which were committed in four separate incidents.", "Leslie Irvin (serial killer) __knowledge__ This killing spree began December 2, 1954 and ended March 28, 1955.", "Leslie Irvin (serial killer) __knowledge__ The crimes took place in Vanderburgh and Posey counties in Indiana and Henderson county in Kentucky.", "Leslie Irvin (serial killer) __knowledge__ The victims were: In the last incident, Goebel's wife, Mamie, was shot but survived, permanently blinded." ] ]

[ 0, 2, 4, 6, 57 ]

[ "I sure have!, Ive been skydiving my entire life, I always bring a strong parachute with me!, Would you be interested in learning more about Parachuting? ", "Well not really its more or less just learning free-falling which is a period during the parachute has not been deployed and the your body gradually accelerates to terminal velocity which can be up to 200MPH! ", "You can if you want but there was a guy names Garnerin that tested his skydiving contraption by leaping from a hydrogen balloon, So that method is better than being in a small wind tunnel. ", "I think the first ever intentional freefall jump with a parachute was not until a man named Leslie Irvin attempted it way back in 1919.", "Yes I think so, they have suits they are typically flat-shaped with wings but vary, Ive even seen some that look like weird rectangles, inverted domes, and other weird suit designs. " ]

[ "Parachuting", "Parachuting", "Parachuting", "Parachuting", "Parachuting" ]

[ "Bruno Mars", "I do not necessarily follow him, but I do love his music.", "What kind of things do they do?", "what kind of music?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Peter Gene Hernandez (born October 8, 1985), known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and choreographer.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Born and raised in Honolulu, Hawaii, by a family of musicians, Mars began making music at a young age and performed in various musical venues in his hometown throughout his childhood.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He graduated from high school and moved to Los Angeles to pursue a musical career.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ After being dropped by Motown Records, Mars signed a recording contract with Atlantic Records in 2009.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ In 2009, he co-founded the production team The Smeezingtons, responsible for the singles \"Nothin' on You\" by B.o.B and \"Billionaire\" by Travie McCoy.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He featured on the hooks for both singles, becoming recognized as a solo artist.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ His debut studio album \"Doo-Wops & Hooligans\" (2010) included the international and U.S \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number one singles \"Just the Way You Are\" and \"Grenade\", as well as the number-four single \"The Lazy Song\".", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Mars' second album, \"Unorthodox Jukebox\" (2012), was number one in the United States.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Its singles \"Locked Out of Heaven\" and \"When I Was Your Man\" reached number one in the US, while \"Treasure\" became a number-five single." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Peter Gene Hernandez (born October 8, 1985), known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and choreographer.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Born and raised in Honolulu, Hawaii, by a family of musicians, Mars began making music at a young age and performed in various musical venues in his hometown throughout his childhood.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He graduated from high school and moved to Los Angeles to pursue a musical career.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ After being dropped by Motown Records, Mars signed a recording contract with Atlantic Records in 2009.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ In 2009, he co-founded the production team The Smeezingtons, responsible for the singles \"Nothin' on You\" by B.o.B and \"Billionaire\" by Travie McCoy.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He featured on the hooks for both singles, becoming recognized as a solo artist.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ His debut studio album \"Doo-Wops & Hooligans\" (2010) included the international and U.S \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number one singles \"Just the Way You Are\" and \"Grenade\", as well as the number-four single \"The Lazy Song\".", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Mars' second album, \"Unorthodox Jukebox\" (2012), was number one in the United States.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Its singles \"Locked Out of Heaven\" and \"When I Was Your Man\" reached number one in the US, while \"Treasure\" became a number-five single.", ".m2ts __knowledge__ M2TS is a filename extension used for the Blu-ray Disc Audio-Video (BDAV) MPEG-2 Transport Stream (M2TS) container file format.", ".m2ts __knowledge__ It is used for multiplexing audio, video and other streams.", ".m2ts __knowledge__ It is based on the MPEG-2 transport stream container.", ".m2ts __knowledge__ This container format is commonly used for high definition video on Blu-ray Disc and AVCHD.", ".m2ts __knowledge__ The BDAV container format is a modification of MPEG-2 transport stream (ITU-T H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1) specification for random-access media, such as Blu-ray Disc, DVD, hard drives or solid-state memory cards.", ".m2ts __knowledge__ It is informally called \"M2TS\".", ".m2ts __knowledge__ In order to optimize the storage size, the format uses variable rate (VBR) Transport Streams instead of the typical constant rates (CBR) found in MPEG-2 TS broadcast.", "Hierarchical generalized linear model __knowledge__ In statistics, hierarchical generalized linear models (HGLM) extend generalized linear models by relaxing the assumption that error components are independent.", "Hierarchical generalized linear model __knowledge__ This allows models to be built in situations where more than one error term is necessary and also allows for dependencies between error terms.", "Hierarchical generalized linear model __knowledge__ The error components can be correlated and not necessarily follow a normal distribution.", "Hierarchical generalized linear model __knowledge__ When there are different clusters, that is, groups of observations, the observations in the same cluster are correlated.", "Hierarchical generalized linear model __knowledge__ In fact, they are positively correlated because observations in the same cluster share some common features.", "Perseverance of the saints __knowledge__ Perseverance of the saints (also referred to as eternal security as well as the similar but distinct doctrine known as \"Once Saved, Always Saved\") is a teaching that asserts that once persons are truly \"born of God\" or \"regenerated\" by the indwelling of the Holy Spirit, nothing in heaven or earth \"shall be able to separate (them) from the love of God\" (Romans 8:39) resulting in a reversal of the converted condition.", "Perseverance of the saints __knowledge__ Sometimes this position is held in conjunction with Reformed Christian confessions of faith in traditional Calvinist doctrine which argues that all men are \"dead in trespasses and sins\" and so apart from being resurrected from spiritual death to spiritual life, no one chooses salvation alone.", "Sonnet 154 __knowledge__ As the last in the famed collection of sonnets written by English poet and playwright William Shakespeare from 1592 to 1598, Sonnet 154 is most often thought of in a pair with the previous sonnet, number 153.", "Sonnet 154 __knowledge__ As A. L. Rowse states in \"Shakespeare's Sonnets: The Problems Solved\", Sonnets 153 and 154 \"are not unsuitably placed as a kind of coda to the Dark Lady Sonnets, to which they relate.\"", "Sonnet 154 __knowledge__ Rowse calls attention to the fact that Sonnets 153 and 154 \"serve quite well to round off the affair Shakespeare had with Emilia, the woman characterized as the Dark Lady, and the section of the Dark Lady sonnets\".", "Keynesian economics __knowledge__ Keynesian economics ( ; or Keynesianism) comprises various macroeconomic theories about how in the short run – and especially during recessions – economic output is strongly influenced by aggregate demand (total spending in the economy).", "Keynesian economics __knowledge__ In the Keynesian view, aggregate demand does not necessarily equal the productive capacity of the economy; instead, it is influenced by a host of factors and sometimes behaves erratically, affecting production, employment, and inflation.", "Keynesian economics __knowledge__ The theories forming the basis of Keynesian economics were first presented by the British economist John Maynard Keynes during the Great Depression in his 1936 book, \"The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money\".", "Crime hotspots __knowledge__ Crime hotspots are areas on a map that have high crime intensity.", "Crime hotspots __knowledge__ They are developed for researchers and analysts to examine geographic areas in relation to crime.", "Crime hotspots __knowledge__ Researchers and theorists examine the occurrence of hotspots in certain areas and why they happen, and analysts examine the techniques used to perform the research (Ratcliffe, 2004) Developing maps that contain hotspots are becoming a critical and influential tool for policing; they help develop knowledge and understanding of different areas in a city and possibly why crime occurs there.", "Crime hotspots __knowledge__ Crime theories can be a useful guide for researchers and analyst, in regard to analyzing crime hotspots.", "Ashkenazi Jews __knowledge__ Ashkenazi Jews, also known as Ashkenazic Jews or simply Ashkenazim (, , singular: , ; also \"\"), are a Jewish diaspora population who coalesced as a distinct community in the Holy Roman Empire around the end of the first millennium.", "Ashkenazi Jews __knowledge__ The traditional diaspora language of Ashkenazi Jews is Yiddish (a Germanic language which incorporates several dialects), with Hebrew used only as a sacred language until relatively recently.", "Ashkenazi Jews __knowledge__ Throughout their time in Europe, Ashkenazim have made many important contributions to philosophy, scholarship, literature, art, music and science.", "Ashkenazi Jews __knowledge__ Ashkenazim originate from the Jews who settled along the Rhine River, in Western Germany and Northern France.", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ \"Just the Way You Are\" is the debut solo single by American singer-songwriter Bruno Mars.", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ It is the lead single from his debut studio album, \"Doo-Wops & Hooligans\" (2010).", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Bruno Mars, Philip Lawrence, Ari Levine, Khalil Walton and Needlz and produced by the former three, under their alias, The Smeezingtons along with Needlz.", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ It was released in the United States to Contemporary hit radio on August 10, 2010.", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ The track was released in the United Kingdom on September 19, 2010, as \"Just the Way You Are (Amazing)\".", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ The song's lyrics compliment a woman's beauty.", "Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ The debut single received positive reviews from critics, who considered it a stand-out track on \"Doo-Wops & Hooligans\" and praised The Smeezington's production.", "Moonshine Jungle Tour __knowledge__ The Moonshine Jungle Tour was the second concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bruno Mars.", "Moonshine Jungle Tour __knowledge__ The tour supported his second studio album, \"Unorthodox Jukebox\" (2012).", "Moonshine Jungle Tour __knowledge__ After an official announcement on February 10, 2013, which coincided with Mars performance at the 55th Annual Grammy Awards, a promotional trailer and behind-the-scenes footage of the tour were released through Mars' official YouTube channel and website.", "Moonshine Jungle Tour __knowledge__ Mars and his team selected Ellie Goulding and Fitz & the Tantrums as the opening acts, in the first North American leg, while music video director Cameron Duddy was signed as creative director for the tour in North America.", "The Smeezingtons __knowledge__ The Smeezingtons were an American songwriting and record producing team, consisting of Bruno Mars (born October 8, 1985), Philip Lawrence (born July 17, 1980) and Ari Levine (born May 5, 1985).", "The Smeezingtons __knowledge__ The Smeezingtons were established in Los Angeles, California.", "The Smeezingtons __knowledge__ Their production and writing services had been increasingly in demand since 2009.", "The Smeezingtons __knowledge__ Eventually, the trio split, and Mars and Lawrence formed a new production trio called \"Shampoo Press & Curl\", which includes Christopher Brody Brown.", "The Smeezingtons __knowledge__ The Smeezingtons broke into the American recording industry, crafting songs for a diverse roster of talent, with the December 2009 release of the Billboard Hot 100 No.", "Treasure (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ \"Treasure\" is a song recorded by Bruno Mars for his second studio album, titled \"Unorthodox Jukebox\" (2012).", "Treasure (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ It is inspired by Breakbot's song \"Baby I'm Yours\".", "Treasure (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ \"Treasure\" was written by Mars himself along with Philip Lawrence, Ari Levine and Phredley Brown, while production was handled by Mars, Lawrence and Levine under the name The Smeezingtons.", "Treasure (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ The song is the album's fourth track and was selected as its third single by Atlantic Records.", "Treasure (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ \"Treasure\" was first released to mainstream radio in Italy on May 10, 2013, through Warner Music.", "Treasure (Bruno Mars song) __knowledge__ The track details Mars' band time of party and fun: Philip Lawrence described it as \"the kind of song where the whole band can get up and jam\".", "List of awards and nominations received by Bruno Mars __knowledge__ American singer and songwriter Bruno Mars has received various awards and nominations throughout his career.", "List of awards and nominations received by Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He is the recipient of eight American Music Awards, a BT Digital Music Award, three Brit Awards, an Echo Award, a JUNO Award, eleven Grammy Awards, three Guinness World Records and eight Soul Train Music Awards.", "List of awards and nominations received by Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He has also been nominated for two ALMA Awards, three ARIA Music Awards, two MOBO Awards, nine Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards and four Pollstar Awards.", "List of awards and nominations received by Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Mars initially came to prominence as an acknowledged music producer and lyricist, who composed songs for other artists along with his production team The Smeezingtons.", "When I Was Your Man __knowledge__ \"When I Was Your Man\" is a song recorded by American singer and songwriter Bruno Mars for his second studio album, \"Unorthodox Jukebox\" (2012).", "When I Was Your Man __knowledge__ Atlantic Records released the song as the third promotional single and as the second official single, taken from the album, to mainstream radio in the United States on January 15, 2013.", "When I Was Your Man __knowledge__ \"When I Was Your Man\" was written by Bruno Mars, Philip Lawrence, Ari Levine and Andrew Wyatt; with Mars, Lawrence and Levine credited for composing the song as well.", "When I Was Your Man __knowledge__ The pop song is an emotional piano ballad with lyrics describing the heartbreak and regret Mars felt from letting his lover get away, and his expressed hope that her new man will give her all the love and attention that he failed to provide." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Peter Gene Hernandez (born October 8, 1985), known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and choreographer.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Born and raised in Honolulu, Hawaii, by a family of musicians, Mars began making music at a young age and performed in various musical venues in his hometown throughout his childhood.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He graduated from high school and moved to Los Angeles to pursue a musical career.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ After being dropped by Motown Records, Mars signed a recording contract with Atlantic Records in 2009.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ In 2009, he co-founded the production team The Smeezingtons, responsible for the singles \"Nothin' on You\" by B.o.B and \"Billionaire\" by Travie McCoy.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He featured on the hooks for both singles, becoming recognized as a solo artist.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ His debut studio album \"Doo-Wops & Hooligans\" (2010) included the international and U.S \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number one singles \"Just the Way You Are\" and \"Grenade\", as well as the number-four single \"The Lazy Song\".", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Mars' second album, \"Unorthodox Jukebox\" (2012), was number one in the United States.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Its singles \"Locked Out of Heaven\" and \"When I Was Your Man\" reached number one in the US, while \"Treasure\" became a number-five single.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Ganying __knowledge__ Gǎnyìng or yìng is a Chinese cultural keyword meaning a \"correlative resonance\" pulsating throughout the purported force field of \"qi\" that infuses the cosmos.", "Ganying __knowledge__ When the idea of \"ganying\" first appeared in Chinese classics from the late Warring States period (475-221 BCE), it referred to a cosmological principle of \"stimulus and response\" between things of the same kind, analogous with vibratory sympathetic resonance.", "Ganying __knowledge__ Early schools of Chinese philosophy adapted \"ganying\" into different folk theories of causality, such as universal resonance influencing all interrelated things in Daoism, and ethical resonance between Heaven and humans in Confucianism.", "Ethics (Spinoza) __knowledge__ Ethics, Demonstrated in Geometrical Order (), usually known as the Ethics, is a philosophical treatise written by Benedict de Spinoza.", "Ethics (Spinoza) __knowledge__ It was written between 1664 and 1665 and was first published in 1677.", "Ethics (Spinoza) __knowledge__ The book is perhaps the most ambitious attempt to apply the method of Euclid in philosophy.", "Ethics (Spinoza) __knowledge__ Spinoza puts forward a small number of definitions and axioms from which he attempts to derive hundreds of propositions and corollaries, such as \"When the Mind imagines its own lack of power, it is saddened by it\", \"A free man thinks of nothing less than of death\", and \"The human Mind cannot be absolutely destroyed with the Body, but something of it remains which is eternal.\"", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The Nicomachean Ethics (; Greek: Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια) is the name normally given to Aristotle's best-known work on ethics.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The work, which plays a pre-eminent role in defining Aristotelian ethics, consists of ten books, originally separate scrolls, and is understood to be based on notes from his lectures at the Lyceum.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The title is often assumed to refer to his son Nicomachus, to whom the work was dedicated or who may have edited it (although his young age makes this less likely).", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ Alternatively, the work may have been dedicated to his father, who was also called Nicomachus.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, of how men should best live.", "Philosophy of Baruch Spinoza __knowledge__ Spinoza's philosophy encompasses nearly every area of philosophical discourse, including metaphysics, epistemology, political philosophy, ethics, philosophy of mind, and philosophy of science.", "Philosophy of Baruch Spinoza __knowledge__ It earned Spinoza an enduring reputation as one of the most important and original thinkers of the seventeenth century.", "Philosophy of Baruch Spinoza __knowledge__ Samuel Shirley, who translated Spinoza's complete works into English, summed up the significance of Spinoza's philosophy as follows: Spinoza's philosophy is largely contained in two books: the \"Theologico-Political Treatise\", and the \"Ethics\".", "Philosophy of Baruch Spinoza __knowledge__ The former was published during his lifetime, but the latter, which contains the entirety of his philosophical system in its most rigorous form, was not published until after his death in 1677.", "Hawaii __knowledge__ Hawaii ( ; ) is the 50th and most recent state to have joined the United States of America, having received statehood on August 21, 1959.", "Hawaii __knowledge__ Hawaii is the only U.S. state located in Oceania and the only one composed entirely of islands.", "Hawaii __knowledge__ It is the northernmost island group in Polynesia, occupying most of an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean.", "Hawaii __knowledge__ Hawaii is the only U.S. state located outside North America.", "Hawaii __knowledge__ The state encompasses nearly the entire volcanic Hawaiian archipelago, which comprises hundreds of islands spread over .", "Hawaii __knowledge__ At the southeastern end of the archipelago, the eight main islands are—in order from northwest to southeast: Niihau, Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lānai, Kahoolawe, Maui, and the Island of Hawaii.", "Music of Hawaii __knowledge__ The music of Hawaii includes an array of traditional and popular styles, ranging from native Hawaiian folk music to modern rock and hip hop.", "Music of Hawaii __knowledge__ Hawaii's musical contributions to the music of the United States are out of proportion to the state's small size.", "Music of Hawaii __knowledge__ Styles like slack-key guitar are well-known worldwide, while Hawaiian-tinged music is a frequent part of Hollywood soundtracks.", "Music of Hawaii __knowledge__ Hawaii also made a contribution to country music with the introduction of the steel guitar.", "Music of Hawaii __knowledge__ In addition, the music which began to be played by Puerto Ricans in Hawaii in the early 1900s is called cachi cachi music, on the islands of Hawaii.", "Honolulu County, Hawaii __knowledge__ Honolulu County (officially known as the City and County of Honolulu, formerly Oahu County) is a consolidated city–county located in the U.S. state of Hawaii.", "Honolulu County, Hawaii __knowledge__ The city–county includes both the city of Honolulu (the state's capital and largest city) and the rest of the island of Oahu, as well as several minor outlying islands, including all of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (islands beyond Niihau) except Midway Atoll.", "Honolulu County, Hawaii __knowledge__ The consolidated city-county was established in the city charter adopted in 1907 and accepted by the Legislature of the Territory of Hawaii.", "Honolulu County, Hawaii __knowledge__ As a municipal corporation and jurisdiction it manages aspects of government traditionally exercised by both municipalities and counties in the rest of the United States.", "Honolulu __knowledge__ Honolulu (; ) is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Hawaii.", "Honolulu __knowledge__ It is an unincorporated part of and the county seat of the City and County of Honolulu on the island of O'ahu.", "Honolulu __knowledge__ The city is the main gateway to Hawai'i and a major portal into the United States.", "Honolulu __knowledge__ The city is also a major hub for international business, military defense, as well as famously being host to a diverse variety of east-west and Pacific culture, cuisine, and traditions.", "Honolulu __knowledge__ Honolulu is the most remote city of its size in the world and is the westernmost major U.S. city.", "Honolulu __knowledge__ For statistical purposes, the U.S. Census Bureau recognizes the approximate area commonly referred to as \"City of Honolulu\" (not to be confused with the \"City and County\") as a census county division (CCD).", "Honolulu Police Department __knowledge__ The Honolulu Police Department (HPD) is the principal law enforcement agency of the City and County of Honolulu, Hawaii, headquartered in the Alapa'i Police Headquarters in Honolulu CDP.", "Honolulu Police Department __knowledge__ Officially recognized as a part of the government of the Kingdom of Hawaii in 1846, the police department serves the entire island of O'ahu (which is coextensive with the City and County of Honolulu), covering over of territory, with just over 900,000 residents (not including military members) and over four million annual visitors.", "Honolulu Police Department __knowledge__ The island is divided into 8 patrol districts which are then subdivided into sectors and beats.", "Ralph Simpson Kuykendall __knowledge__ Ralph Simpson Kuykendall (April 12, 1885 – May 9, 1963) was an American historian who served as the trustee and secretary of the Hawaiian Historical Society from 1922 to 1932.", "Ralph Simpson Kuykendall __knowledge__ Kuykendall also served as professor of history at the University of Hawaii at Manoa.", "Ralph Simpson Kuykendall __knowledge__ He is most noted as a historian of the Hawaiian Islands, South Pacific, and Pacific Northwest.", "Ralph Simpson Kuykendall __knowledge__ Kuykendall was born in Linden, California.", "Ralph Simpson Kuykendall __knowledge__ His parents Reverend John Wesley Kuykendall and Marilla Persis Pierce were both Methodist missionaries and descendants of Dutch settlers from New York.", "Ralph Simpson Kuykendall __knowledge__ In 1919 Kuykendall married Edith Clare Kelly from Hollister, California.", "King Kalākaua's world tour __knowledge__ The 1881 world tour of King Kalākaua of the Kingdom of Hawaii was his attempt to save the Hawaiian culture and population from extinction through the importation of a labor force from Asia-Pacific nations.", "King Kalākaua's world tour __knowledge__ His efforts brought the small island nation to the attention of world leaders, but sparked rumors that the kingdom was for sale.", "King Kalākaua's world tour __knowledge__ In Hawaii there were critics who believed the labor negotiations were just his excuse to see the world.", "King Kalākaua's world tour __knowledge__ The 281-day trip gave him the distinction of being the first monarch to circumnavigate the globe, just as his 1874 travels had made him the first reigning monarch to visit America and the first honoree of a state dinner at the White House." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Peter Gene Hernandez (born October 8, 1985), known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and choreographer.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Born and raised in Honolulu, Hawaii, by a family of musicians, Mars began making music at a young age and performed in various musical venues in his hometown throughout his childhood.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He graduated from high school and moved to Los Angeles to pursue a musical career.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ After being dropped by Motown Records, Mars signed a recording contract with Atlantic Records in 2009.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ In 2009, he co-founded the production team The Smeezingtons, responsible for the singles \"Nothin' on You\" by B.o.B and \"Billionaire\" by Travie McCoy.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ He featured on the hooks for both singles, becoming recognized as a solo artist.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ His debut studio album \"Doo-Wops & Hooligans\" (2010) included the international and U.S \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number one singles \"Just the Way You Are\" and \"Grenade\", as well as the number-four single \"The Lazy Song\".", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Mars' second album, \"Unorthodox Jukebox\" (2012), was number one in the United States.", "Bruno Mars __knowledge__ Its singles \"Locked Out of Heaven\" and \"When I Was Your Man\" reached number one in the US, while \"Treasure\" became a number-five single.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is the film and television scores composed by various composers for the films and television series of that franchise.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Ramin Djawadi provided the first MCU music with his original score for \"Iron Man\" in 2008.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Alan Silvestri was the first composer to work on multiple MCU films after he transitioned from scoring \"\" (2011) to \"Marvel's The Avengers\" (2012), while Brian Tyler was the first composer to reference the work of another MCU composer when he quoted Silvestri's \"Captain America March\" in his score for \"\" (2013).", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Original music has also been composed for the Marvel One-Shots short film series, and other related projects of the MCU, including the fanfares for the two Marvel Studios logos, composed by Tyler and Michael Giacchino, respectively.", "Kind of Blue __knowledge__ Kind of Blue is a studio album by American jazz trumpeter Miles Davis.", "Kind of Blue __knowledge__ It is regarded by many critics as jazz's greatest record, Davis's masterpiece, and one of the best albums of all time.", "Kind of Blue __knowledge__ Its influence on music, including jazz, rock, and classical genres, has led writers to also deem it one of the most influential albums ever recorded.", "Kind of Blue __knowledge__ The album was one of fifty recordings chosen in 2002 by the Library of Congress to be added to the National Recording Registry, and in 2003 it was ranked number 12 on \"Rolling Stone\" magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.", "Kind of Blue __knowledge__ \"Kind of Blue\" was recorded on March 2 and April 22, 1959, at Columbia's 30th Street Studio in New York City, and released later that year on August 17 by Columbia Records.", "American popular music __knowledge__ American popular music has had a profound effect on music across the world.", "American popular music __knowledge__ The country has seen the rise of popular styles that have had a significant influence on global culture, including ragtime, blues, jazz, swing, rock, bluegrass, country, R&B, doo wop, gospel, soul, funk, heavy metal, punk, disco, house, techno, salsa, grunge and hip hop.", "American popular music __knowledge__ In addition, the American music industry is quite diverse, supporting a number of regional styles such as zydeco, klezmer and slack-key.", "American popular music __knowledge__ Distinctive styles of American popular music emerged early in the 19th century, and in the 20th century the American music industry developed a series of new forms of music, using elements of blues and other genres of American folk music.", "Some Kind of Bliss __knowledge__ \"Some Kind of Bliss\" is a song recorded by Australian recording artist Kylie Minogue, for her sixth studio album \"Impossible Princess\" (1997).", "Some Kind of Bliss __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from the album on 8 September 1997 through BMG, Deconstruction and Mushroom.", "Some Kind of Bliss __knowledge__ Minogue co-wrote the track with James Dean Bradfield and Sean Moore while Bradfield and Dave Eringa produced it.", "Some Kind of Bliss __knowledge__ Backed by guitar and drum instruments, \"Some Kind of Bliss\" is a pop rock track in which Minogue sings about feeling happy while away from family and friends.", "Some Kind of Bliss __knowledge__ Critical response to \"Some Kind of Bliss\" was mostly mixed; earlier reviews were critical towards her image and sound transition to rock music, while retrospective reviews are positive towards her songwriting and sonic experimentation.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The music of the United States reflects the country's multi-ethnic population through a diverse array of styles.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ It is a mixture of music influenced by West African, Irish, Scottish and mainland European among others.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The country's most internationally renowned genres are jazz, blues, country, bluegrass, rock, rhythm and blues, soul, ragtime, hip hop, barbershop, pop, experimental, techno, house, dance, boogaloo, salsa, and rock and roll.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The United States has the world's largest music market with a total retail value of 4,898.3 million dollars in 2014, and its music is heard around the world.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ Since the beginning of the 20th century, some forms of American popular music have gained a near global audience.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is seen by many as 'America's classical music'.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Since the 1920s Jazz Age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression.", "Jazz __knowledge__ It then emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African-American and European-American musical parentage with a performance orientation.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation.", "Bad Little Kid __knowledge__ Bad Little Kid is a short horror story by Stephen King, which was originally published in German and French in an electronic version.", "Bad Little Kid __knowledge__ The first paper print in English was in Kings 2015 short story collection, The Bazaar of Bad Dreams.", "Bad Little Kid __knowledge__ Leonard Bradley, a Lawyer, visits his client, George Hallas, a man sentenced to death by lethal injection for the murder of a young boy, in prison.", "Bad Little Kid __knowledge__ Hallas will be executed next morning, despite all Bradley’s attempts to prevent it, but so far has never given a statement for why he committed this brutal act.", "Bad Little Kid __knowledge__ Now, however, he finally feels like talking about what he calls “the bad little kid”; a six or seven-year-old, rather pudgy boy with orange hair, green eyes and a beanie, that made his life a living hell for years.", "John Carter (film) __knowledge__ John Carter is a 2012 American science fiction action film directed by Andrew Stanton from a screenplay written by Stanton, Mark Andrews, and Michael Chabon.", "John Carter (film) __knowledge__ The film was produced by Jim Morris, Colin Wilson, and Lindsey Collins, and is based on \"A Princess of Mars\", the first book in the \"Barsoom\" series of novels by Edgar Rice Burroughs.", "John Carter (film) __knowledge__ \"John Carter\" stars Taylor Kitsch in the title role, Lynn Collins, Samantha Morton, Mark Strong, Ciarán Hinds, Dominic West, James Purefoy, and Willem Dafoe.", "John Carter (film) __knowledge__ The film chronicles the first interplanetary adventure of John Carter and his attempts to mediate civil unrest amongst the warring kingdoms of Barsoom.", "Honolulu __knowledge__ Honolulu (; ) is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Hawaii.", "Honolulu __knowledge__ It is an unincorporated part of and the county seat of the City and County of Honolulu on the island of O'ahu.", "Honolulu __knowledge__ The city is the main gateway to Hawai'i and a major portal into the United States.", "Honolulu __knowledge__ The city is also a major hub for international business, military defense, as well as famously being host to a diverse variety of east-west and Pacific culture, cuisine, and traditions.", "Honolulu __knowledge__ Honolulu is the most remote city of its size in the world and is the westernmost major U.S. city.", "Honolulu __knowledge__ For statistical purposes, the U.S. Census Bureau recognizes the approximate area commonly referred to as \"City of Honolulu\" (not to be confused with the \"City and County\") as a census county division (CCD).", "List of awards and nominations received by Thirty Seconds to Mars __knowledge__ Thirty Seconds to Mars is an American rock band from Los Angeles, California.", "List of awards and nominations received by Thirty Seconds to Mars __knowledge__ Formed in 1998, the band currently consists of Jared Leto on lead vocals and rhythm guitar, Shannon Leto on drums, and Tomo Miličević on lead guitar and keyboards.", "List of awards and nominations received by Thirty Seconds to Mars __knowledge__ The band released the debut album \"30 Seconds to Mars\" (2002) to limited success; it was their second album, \"A Beautiful Lie\" (2005), that pushed the band into the public eye.", "List of awards and nominations received by Thirty Seconds to Mars __knowledge__ The album's success was boosted by the single \"The Kill\" and its subsequent music video, which received two nominations at the 2006 MTV Video Music Awards.", "List of awards and nominations received by Thirty Seconds to Mars __knowledge__ The album spawned two Kerrang!", "Honolulu County, Hawaii __knowledge__ Honolulu County (officially known as the City and County of Honolulu, formerly Oahu County) is a consolidated city–county located in the U.S. state of Hawaii.", "Honolulu County, Hawaii __knowledge__ The city–county includes both the city of Honolulu (the state's capital and largest city) and the rest of the island of Oahu, as well as several minor outlying islands, including all of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (islands beyond Niihau) except Midway Atoll.", "Honolulu County, Hawaii __knowledge__ The consolidated city-county was established in the city charter adopted in 1907 and accepted by the Legislature of the Territory of Hawaii.", "Honolulu County, Hawaii __knowledge__ As a municipal corporation and jurisdiction it manages aspects of government traditionally exercised by both municipalities and counties in the rest of the United States.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury.", "Mars __knowledge__ In English, Mars carries a name of the Roman god of war, and is often referred to as the \"Red Planet\" because the reddish iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance that is distinctive among the astronomical bodies visible to the naked eye.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere, having surface features reminiscent both of the impact craters of the Moon and the valleys, deserts, and polar ice caps of Earth.", "Mars __knowledge__ The rotational period and seasonal cycles of Mars are likewise similar to those of Earth, as is the tilt that produces the seasons." ] ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "I am huge fan of Bruno Mars.Do you follow him?", "He is from Honolulu, Hawaii and his family are also musicians.", "They played music in Honolulu when Mars was a little kid.", "Bruno is songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and dancer." ]

[ "Bruno Mars", "Bruno Mars", "Bruno Mars", "Bruno Mars" ]

[ "Athletics (physical culture)", "well why don't you run down to the library, do a little research, and tell me about the history of running as a sport!", "great. is running ever bad for you?", "no I think you're teaching me stuff here bud. what kinds of health benefits?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletics is a term encompassing the human competitive sports and games requiring physical skill, and the systems of training that prepare athletes for competition performance.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports or contests, are competitions which are primarily based on human, physical competition, demanding the qualities of stamina, fitness, and skill.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports form the bulk of popular sporting activities, with other major forms including motorsports, , extreme sports and animal sports.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic contests, as one of the earliest types of sport, are prehistoric and comprised a significant part of the Ancient Olympic Games, along with equestrian events.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ The word \"athletic\" is derived from the Ancient Greek word \"άθλος\" (athlos) meaning \"contest.\"", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports became organized in the late 19th century with the formation of organizations such as the Amateur Athletic Union in the United States and the Union des Sociétés Françaises de Sports Athlétiques in France.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ The Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (later the NCAA) was established in 1906 to oversee athletic sports at college-level in the United States, known as college athletics.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletics has gained significant importance at educational institutions; talented athletes may gain entry into higher education through athletic scholarships and represent their institutions in athletic conferences." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletics is a term encompassing the human competitive sports and games requiring physical skill, and the systems of training that prepare athletes for competition performance.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports or contests, are competitions which are primarily based on human, physical competition, demanding the qualities of stamina, fitness, and skill.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports form the bulk of popular sporting activities, with other major forms including motorsports, , extreme sports and animal sports.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic contests, as one of the earliest types of sport, are prehistoric and comprised a significant part of the Ancient Olympic Games, along with equestrian events.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ The word \"athletic\" is derived from the Ancient Greek word \"άθλος\" (athlos) meaning \"contest.\"", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports became organized in the late 19th century with the formation of organizations such as the Amateur Athletic Union in the United States and the Union des Sociétés Françaises de Sports Athlétiques in France.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ The Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (later the NCAA) was established in 1906 to oversee athletic sports at college-level in the United States, known as college athletics.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletics has gained significant importance at educational institutions; talented athletes may gain entry into higher education through athletic scholarships and represent their institutions in athletic conferences.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "Durham University __knowledge__ Durham University (legally the University of Durham) is a collegiate public research university in Durham, North East England, with a second campus in Stockton-on-Tees.", "Durham University __knowledge__ It was founded by an Act of Parliament in 1832 and granted a Royal Charter in 1837.", "Durham University __knowledge__ It was one of the first universities to commence tuition in England for more than 600 years and is one of a number of institutions that has been described as the third-oldest university in England.", "Durham University __knowledge__ The Durham University estate includes 63 listed buildings, ranging from the 11th-century Durham Castle to a 1930s Art Deco chapel.", "Durham University __knowledge__ The university also owns and manages the Durham World Heritage Site in partnership with Durham Cathedral.", "David Campese __knowledge__ David Ian Campese, AM (born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and held the world record for the most tries in test matches (64) until Daisuke Ohata scored his 65th try playing for Japan on 14 May 2006.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese made his debut for the Wallabies on the 1982 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, during which he scored a try in his first two Tests.", "David Campese __knowledge__ In 1983, he equaled the then record for most tries in a Test match for Australia against the USA, scoring four tries.", "David Campese __knowledge__ He was a member of the Eighth Wallabies for the 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland that won rugby union's \"grand slam\", the first Australian side to defeat all four home nations, England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland, on a tour.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ Climate change in the US state of Washington is a subject of study and projection today.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ \"For the most up to date and comprehensive analysis of climate change impacts on Washington State, see the University of Washington Climate Impacts Group 2009 assessment report, available\" here.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ \"Economic Impacts of Climate Change (2007) in Washington State\" summarized impacts on forest fires, public health, agriculture, municipal water supply, sea level rise and fisheries.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ These conclusions have been reached through several predictions, based primarily on temperature and precipitation models for climate change.", "British Museum __knowledge__ The British Museum, located in the Bloomsbury area of London, United Kingdom, is a public institution dedicated to human history, art and culture.", "British Museum __knowledge__ Its permanent collection, numbering some 8 million works, is among the largest and most comprehensive in existence and originates from all continents, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its beginnings to the present.", "British Museum __knowledge__ The British Museum was established in 1753, largely based on the collections of the physician and scientist Sir Hans Sloane.", "British Museum __knowledge__ The museum first opened to the public on 15 January 1759, in Montagu House, on the site of the current building.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from the \"Forgotten Realms\" campaign setting for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters have appeared in the multiple series of novels set in the \"Forgotten Realms\".", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Many have some magical abilities.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Aballister Bonaduce is the nemesis of his son Cadderly Bonaduce, the main character of R.A. Salvatore's The Cleric Quintet.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Calculating, cold, and merciless, Aballister is determined to complete his conquest of the region.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Guided by the goddess Talona, Mistress of Poison, Aballister creates The Chaos Curse and unleashes it upon The Edificant Library, home of Cadderly and his friends.", "Peer mentoring __knowledge__ Peer mentoring is a form of mentorship that usually takes place between a person who has lived through a specific experience (peer mentor) and a person who is new to that experience (the peer mentee).", "Peer mentoring __knowledge__ An example would be an experienced student being a peer mentor to a new student, the peer mentee, in a particular subject, or in a new school.", "Peer mentoring __knowledge__ Peer mentors are also used for health and lifestyle changes.", "Peer mentoring __knowledge__ For example, clients, or patients, with support from peers, may have one-on-one sessions that meet regularly to help them recover or rehabilitate.", "Peer mentoring __knowledge__ Peer mentoring provides individuals who have suffered from a specific life experience the chance to learn from those who have recovered, or rehabilitated, following such an experience.", "1974–75 Ashes series __knowledge__ The 1974–75 Ashes series consisted of six cricket Test matches, each match lasted five days with six hours of play each day and eight ball overs.", "1974–75 Ashes series __knowledge__ It formed part of the MCC tour of Australia in 1974–75 and the matches outside the Tests were played in the name of the Marylebone Cricket Club.", "1974–75 Ashes series __knowledge__ Ian Chappell's Australians won the series 4–1 and \"brutally and unceremoniously wrenched the Ashes\" from Mike Denness's England team.", "1974–75 Ashes series __knowledge__ It was Australia's first series victory over England for ten years and the experience proved popular as 777,563 spectators came through the gates and paid nearly a million Australian dollars for the privilege.", "List of The Fast and the Furious characters __knowledge__ \"The Fast and the Furious\" is an American action film series produced by Neal H. Moritz and distributed by Universal Pictures.", "List of The Fast and the Furious characters __knowledge__ Consisting of eight films and two short films, the following is a list of characters from \"The Fast and the Furious\".", "List of The Fast and the Furious characters __knowledge__ During the production of \"Furious 7\", Paul Walker died in a single-vehicle accident on November 30, 2013.", "List of The Fast and the Furious characters __knowledge__ As a result, his character Brian O'Conner was written out as retired.", "List of The Fast and the Furious characters __knowledge__ Walker's brothers, Caleb and Cody, were used among others as stand-ins to complete his remaining scenes, and the film is dedicated to him.", "List of The Fast and the Furious characters __knowledge__ Dominic \"Dom\" Toretto appears in all of the films in the series but \"2 Fast 2 Furious\", in which he is only mentioned.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Fred Trueman __knowledge__ Frederick Sewards Trueman, OBE (6 February 19311 July 2006) was an English cricketer who later became a popular broadcaster.", "Fred Trueman __knowledge__ He was a right-handed batsman and right-arm fast bowler who played for Yorkshire and England.", "Fred Trueman __knowledge__ Trueman is generally acknowledged as one of the greatest bowlers in cricket history, and was the first bowler to take 300 wickets in Test cricket.", "Fred Trueman __knowledge__ Along with Brian Statham, Trueman opened the England bowling for many years, forming one of the most famous bowling partnerships in Test cricket history.", "Fred Trueman __knowledge__ Although best known for his feats with the ball, Trueman was also an outstanding fielder, especially at leg slip, and a useful late order batsman who made three first-class centuries.", "Fast bowling __knowledge__ Fast bowling is one of the three main approaches to bowling in the sport of cricket, the others being spin bowling and medium-pace or swing bowling.", "Fast bowling __knowledge__ Practitioners of pace bowling are usually known as \"fast\" bowlers, \"quicks\", or \"pacemen\".", "Fast bowling __knowledge__ They can also be referred to as a \"seam\" bowler or a 'fast bowler who can swing it' to reflect the predominant characteristic of their deliveries.", "Fast bowling __knowledge__ Strictly speaking, a pure swing bowler does not need to have a high degree of pace, although dedicated medium-pace swing bowlers are rarely seen at Test level these days.", "Fast bowling __knowledge__ The aim of fast bowling is to deliver the ball in such a fashion as to cause the batsman to make a mistake." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletics is a term encompassing the human competitive sports and games requiring physical skill, and the systems of training that prepare athletes for competition performance.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports or contests, are competitions which are primarily based on human, physical competition, demanding the qualities of stamina, fitness, and skill.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports form the bulk of popular sporting activities, with other major forms including motorsports, , extreme sports and animal sports.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic contests, as one of the earliest types of sport, are prehistoric and comprised a significant part of the Ancient Olympic Games, along with equestrian events.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ The word \"athletic\" is derived from the Ancient Greek word \"άθλος\" (athlos) meaning \"contest.\"", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports became organized in the late 19th century with the formation of organizations such as the Amateur Athletic Union in the United States and the Union des Sociétés Françaises de Sports Athlétiques in France.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ The Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (later the NCAA) was established in 1906 to oversee athletic sports at college-level in the United States, known as college athletics.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletics has gained significant importance at educational institutions; talented athletes may gain entry into higher education through athletic scholarships and represent their institutions in athletic conferences.", "Henry VI, Part 3 __knowledge__ Henry VI, Part 3 (often written as 3 Henry VI) is a history play by William Shakespeare believed to have been written in 1591 and set during the lifetime of King Henry VI of England.", "Henry VI, Part 3 __knowledge__ Whereas \"1 Henry VI\" deals with the and the political machinations leading up to the Wars of the Roses and \"2 Henry VI\" focuses on the King's inability to quell the bickering of his nobles, and the inevitability of armed conflict, \"3 Henry VI\" deals primarily with the horrors of that conflict, with the once stable nation thrown into chaos and barbarism as families break down and moral codes are subverted in the pursuit of revenge and power.", "The Mole (Australia season 3) __knowledge__ The third season of the Australian version of The Mole took place mostly in Gold Coast, Queensland and was hosted by Grant Bowler.", "The Mole (Australia season 3) __knowledge__ This season was similar to the previous Australian seasons of \"The Mole\".", "The Mole (Australia season 3) __knowledge__ A twist introduced this season is that not all assignments are assessed on a pass/fail scheme.", "The Mole (Australia season 3) __knowledge__ In previous seasons a $10,000 assignment resulted in the team adding $10,000 to the pot, or failing, and adding none.", "The Mole (Australia season 3) __knowledge__ In this season depending on the level of the team's success, they may win a portion of the prize, i.e.", "The Mole (Australia season 3) __knowledge__ $4,000.", "The Mole (Australia season 3) __knowledge__ It had an announced maximum prize to be won of $300,000, with the absolute maximum considerably more than that.", "Five hindrances __knowledge__ In the Buddhist tradition, the five hindrances (Sanskrit: \"पञ्च निवारण pañca nivāraṇa\"; Pali: \"\") are identified as mental factors that hinder progress in meditation and in our daily lives.", "Five hindrances __knowledge__ In the Theravada tradition, these factors are identified specifically as obstacles to the jhānas (stages of concentration) within meditation practice.", "Five hindrances __knowledge__ Within the Mahayana tradition, the five hindrances are identified as obstacles to samatha (tranquility) meditation.", "Five hindrances __knowledge__ Contemporary Insight Meditation teachers identify the five hindrances as obstacles to mindfulness meditation.", "Five hindrances __knowledge__ The five hindrances are: The five hindrances are identified in the major Buddhist traditions of Theravada Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism, as well in the contemporary Insight Meditation tradition.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Jean Sibelius __knowledge__ Jean Sibelius (; ), born Johan Julius Christian Sibelius (8 December 186520 September 1957), was a Finnish composer and violinist of the late Romantic and early-modern periods.", "Jean Sibelius __knowledge__ He is widely recognized as his country's greatest composer and, through his music, is often credited with having helped Finland to develop a national identity during its struggle for independence from Russia.", "Jean Sibelius __knowledge__ The core of his oeuvre is his set of seven symphonies which, like his other major works, continue to be performed and recorded in his home country and internationally.", "Jean Sibelius __knowledge__ His other best-known compositions are \"Finlandia\", the \"Karelia Suite\", \"Valse triste\", the Violin Concerto, the choral symphony \"Kullervo\", and \"The Swan of Tuonela\" (from the \"Lemminkäinen Suite\").", "Nīlakaṇṭha Dhāraṇī __knowledge__ The ', also known as the ', or Great Compassion Dhāraṇī (or Mantra) (Chinese: 大悲咒 \"Dàbēi zhòu\"; Japanese: 大悲心陀羅尼 \"Daihishin darani\" or 大悲呪 \"Daihi shu\"; Vietnamese: \"Chú đại bi\" or \"Đại bi tâm đà la ni\"; Korean: 신묘장구대다라니 (Hanja: 神妙章句大陀羅尼) \"Sinmyo janggu daedarani\"), is a Mahayana Buddhist dhāraṇī associated with the bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara.", "Nīlakaṇṭha Dhāraṇī __knowledge__ The dhāraṇī is thought to have originally been a recitation of names and attributes of Harihara (a composite form of the Hindu gods Vishnu and Shiva; \"Nīlakaṇṭha\" 'the blue-necked one' is a title of Shiva) said to have been recited by Avalokiteśvara, who was sometimes portrayed as introducing popular non-Buddhist deities (e.g.", "Hal Higdon __knowledge__ Hal Higdon (born June 17, 1931) is an American writer and runner.", "Hal Higdon __knowledge__ He has contributed to \"Runner's World\" magazine longer than any other writer.", "Hal Higdon __knowledge__ He is the author of 34 books, including the best-selling \"\".", "Hal Higdon __knowledge__ He has worked as a freelance writer since 1959, and has written a variety of subjects including a children's book that was made into an animated feature.", "Hal Higdon __knowledge__ He ran eight times in the United States Olympic Trials and won four World Masters Championships.", "Hal Higdon __knowledge__ He is one of the founders of the Road Runners Club of America (RRCA).", "Hal Higdon __knowledge__ He grew up in Chicago, Illinois.", "Hal Higdon __knowledge__ In 1947, he participated in track at the University of Chicago's Laboratory School, placing fourth as a sophomore with a 5:04.7 mile.", "Sports game __knowledge__ A sports game is a video game that simulates the practice of sports.", "Sports game __knowledge__ Most sports have been recreated with a game, including team sports, track and field, extreme sports and combat sports.", "Sports game __knowledge__ Some games emphasize actually playing the sport (such as the \"Madden NFL\" series), whilst others emphasize strategy and sport management (such as \"Championship Manager\" and \"Out of the Park Baseball\").", "Sports game __knowledge__ Some, such as \"Need for Speed\", \"Arch Rivals\" and \"Punch-Out!!", "Sports game __knowledge__ \", satirize the sport for comic effect.", "Sports game __knowledge__ This genre has been popular throughout the history of video games and is competitive, just like real-world sports.", "Sport in China __knowledge__ \"This article is about sport in the People's Republic of China.", "Sport in China __knowledge__ For sport in the Republic of China, see Sports in Taiwan.\"", "Sport in China __knowledge__ Sport in China has been long associated to the martial arts.", "Sport in China __knowledge__ Today China (including mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau) consists of a variety of competitive sports.", "Sport in China __knowledge__ Traditional Chinese culture regards physical fitness as an important characteristic.", "Sport in China __knowledge__ China has its own national quadrennial multi-sport event similar to the Olympic Games called the National Games.", "Sport in China __knowledge__ According to the Chinese Basketball Association, there is a record number of around 300 million active basketball players in Asia.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ Avery Brundage (; September 28, 1887 – May 8, 1975) was the fifth president of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), serving from 1952 to 1972.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ The only American to attain that position, Brundage is remembered as a zealous advocate of amateurism and for his involvement with the 1936 and 1972 Summer Olympics, both held in Germany.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ Brundage was born in Detroit in 1887 to a working-class family.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ When he was five years old, his father moved his family to Chicago and subsequently abandoned his wife and children.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ Raised mostly by relatives, he attended the University of Illinois to study engineering and became a track star.", "Wheelchair Sports, USA __knowledge__ Adaptive Sports USA (formerly the National Wheelchair Athletic Association, Wheelchair Sports USA, and Wheelchair & Ambulatory Sports, USA) is a registered multi-sport organization of the United States Olympic Committee/the U.S. Paralympics dedicated to promoting healthy lifestyles by implementing sports and recreation opportunities for children and adults with a physical disability.", "Wheelchair Sports, USA __knowledge__ Mostly a volunteer organization, Adaptive Sports USA works in conjunction with local and regional sports organizations to develop and promote sanctioned sporting events for youths and adults with a physical disability.", "Aggression __knowledge__ Aggression is overt, often harmful, social interaction with the intention of inflicting damage or other unpleasantness upon another individual.", "Aggression __knowledge__ It may occur either in retaliation or without provocation.", "Aggression __knowledge__ In humans, frustration due to blocked goals can cause aggression.", "Aggression __knowledge__ Human aggression can be classified into direct and indirect aggression, whilst the first is characterized by physical or verbal behavior intended to cause harm to someone, the second one is characterized by a behavior intended to harm social relations of an individual or a group.", "Aggression __knowledge__ In definitions commonly used in the social sciences and behavioral sciences, aggression is a response by an individual that delivers something unpleasant to another person.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ Athletics is a collection of sporting events that involve competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The most common types of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The results of racing events are decided by finishing position (or time, where measured), while the jumps and throws are won by the athlete that achieves the highest or furthest measurement from a series of attempts.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The simplicity of the competitions, and the lack of a need for expensive equipment, makes athletics one of the most commonly competed sports in the world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletics is a term encompassing the human competitive sports and games requiring physical skill, and the systems of training that prepare athletes for competition performance.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports or contests, are competitions which are primarily based on human, physical competition, demanding the qualities of stamina, fitness, and skill.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports form the bulk of popular sporting activities, with other major forms including motorsports, , extreme sports and animal sports.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic contests, as one of the earliest types of sport, are prehistoric and comprised a significant part of the Ancient Olympic Games, along with equestrian events.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ The word \"athletic\" is derived from the Ancient Greek word \"άθλος\" (athlos) meaning \"contest.\"", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports became organized in the late 19th century with the formation of organizations such as the Amateur Athletic Union in the United States and the Union des Sociétés Françaises de Sports Athlétiques in France.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ The Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (later the NCAA) was established in 1906 to oversee athletic sports at college-level in the United States, known as college athletics.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletics has gained significant importance at educational institutions; talented athletes may gain entry into higher education through athletic scholarships and represent their institutions in athletic conferences.", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, health insurance is any program that helps pay for medical expenses, whether through privately purchased insurance, social insurance or a social welfare program funded by the government.", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ Synonyms for this usage include \"health coverage\", \"health care coverage\" and \"health benefits\".", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ In a more technical sense, the term is used to describe any form of insurance that provides protection against the costs of medical services.", "Health insurance in the United States __knowledge__ This usage includes private insurance and social insurance programs such as Medicare, which pools resources and spreads the financial risk associated with major medical expenses across the entire population to protect everyone, as well as social welfare programs such as Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program, which provide assistance to people who cannot afford health coverage.", "Essential health benefits __knowledge__ Essential health benefits (EHBs) have been defined since the 2010 United States Affordable Care Act as a set of benefits which Individually purchased health insurance in the United States and insurance plans in small group markets, both inside and outside of the Health Insurance Marketplace must cover for people.", "Essential health benefits __knowledge__ Exempt from the EHB requirement are large-group health plans, self-insured ERISA plans, and ERISA-governed multiemployer welfare arrangements not subject to state insurance law.", "Essential health benefits __knowledge__ The 2010 Affordable Care Act (ACA) set forth the following ten categories of essential health benefits, at Section 1302(b)(1) of the ACA, codified at 42 U.S.C.", "CalPERS __knowledge__ The California Public Employees' Retirement System (CalPERS) is an agency in the California executive branch that \"manages pension and health benefits for more than 1.6 million California public employees, retirees, and their families\".", "CalPERS __knowledge__ In fiscal year 2012–13, CalPERS paid over $12.7 billion in retirement benefits, and in fiscal year 2013 it is estimated that CalPERS will pay over $7.5 billion in health benefits.", "CalPERS __knowledge__ As of June 30, 2014, CalPERS managed the largest public pension fund in the United States, with $300.3 billion in assets.", "CalPERS __knowledge__ CalPERS is known for its shareholder activism; stocks placed on its \"Focus List\" may perform better than other stocks, which has given rise to the term \"CalPERS effect\".", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, often shortened to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or nicknamed Obamacare, is a United States federal statute enacted by the 111th United States Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ The term \"Obamacare\" was first used by opponents, then reappropriated by supporters, and eventually used by President Obama himself.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ Together with the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 amendment, it represents the U.S. healthcare system's most significant regulatory overhaul and expansion of coverage since the passage of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ The health effects of wine are mainly determined by its active ingredient alcohol.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ Some studies found that drinking small quantities of alcohol (up to one standard drink per day for women and one to two drinks per day for men) is associated with a decreased risk of heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and early death.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ However, other studies found no such effect.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ Drinking more than the standard drink amount increases the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, stroke and cancer.", "Health effects of wine __knowledge__ Mixed results are also observed in light drinking and cancer mortality.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Marriage and health __knowledge__ Marriage and health are closely related.", "Marriage and health __knowledge__ Married people experience lower morbidity and mortality across such diverse health threats as cancer, heart attacks, and surgery.", "Marriage and health __knowledge__ There are gender differences in these effects which may be partially due to men's and women's relative status.", "Marriage and health __knowledge__ Most research on marriage and health has focused on heterosexual couples, and more work is needed to clarify the health effects on same-sex marriage.", "Marriage and health __knowledge__ Simply being married, as well as the quality of one's marriage, has been linked to diverse measures of health.", "Marriage and health __knowledge__ Research has examined the social-cognitive, emotional, behavioral and biological processes involved in these links.", "Open space accessibility in California __knowledge__ Open spaces in urban environments, such as parks, playgrounds, and natural areas, can provide many health, cultural, recreational, and economic benefits to the communities nearby.", "Open space accessibility in California __knowledge__ However, access to open spaces can be unequal for people of different incomes.", "Open space accessibility in California __knowledge__ In California's two largest metropolitan regions, Los Angeles County in Southern California and the Bay Area in Northern California, access to green space and natural areas varies with the predominate races and classes of the communities.", "Open space accessibility in California __knowledge__ This also holds true in San Diego County in Southern California.", "Open space accessibility in California __knowledge__ Both expanding urbanization and diminishing funding for open space tend to widen these gaps in accessibility.", "Medicare (United States) __knowledge__ In the United States, Medicare is a single-payer, national social insurance program administered by the U.S. federal government since 1966, currently using about 30–50 private insurance companies across the United States under contract for administration.", "Medicare (United States) __knowledge__ United States Medicare is funded by a payroll tax, premiums and surtaxes from beneficiaries, and general revenue.", "Medicare (United States) __knowledge__ It provides health insurance for Americans aged 65 and older who have worked and paid into the system through the payroll tax.", "Medicare (United States) __knowledge__ It also provides health insurance to younger people with some disability status as determined by the Social Security Administration, as well as people with end stage renal disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.", "Mental Health Parity Act __knowledge__ The Mental Health Parity Act (MHPA) is legislation signed into United States law on September 26, 1996 that requires annual or lifetime dollar limits on mental health benefits to be no lower than any such dollar limits for medical and surgical benefits offered by a group health plan or health insurance issuer offering coverage in connection with a group health plan.", "Mental Health Parity Act __knowledge__ Prior to MHPA and similar legislation, insurers were not required to cover mental health care and so access to treatment was limited, underscoring the importance of the act.", "Mental Health Parity Act __knowledge__ The MHPA was largely superseded by the Paul Wellstone and Pete Domenici Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (MHPAEA), which the 110th United States Congress passed as rider legislation on the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), signed into law by President George W. Bush in October 2008.", "Health systems by country __knowledge__ This article provides a brief overview of the health systems of the world, sorted by continent.", "Health systems by country __knowledge__ When Algeria gained its independence from France in 1962, there were only around 300 doctors across the whole country and no proper system of healthcare.", "Health systems by country __knowledge__ Over the next few decades, great progress was made in building up the health sector, with the training of doctors and the creation of many health facilities.", "Health systems by country __knowledge__ Today, Algeria has an established network of hospitals (including university hospitals), clinics, medical centres and small health units or dispensaries.", "Health systems by country __knowledge__ While equipment and medicines may not always be the latest available, staffing levels are high and the country has one of the best healthcare systems in Africa.", "Ted Kennedy __knowledge__ Edward Moore \"Ted\" Kennedy (February 22, 1932 – August 25, 2009) was an American politician who served as a United States Senator from Massachusetts for over forty years from 1962 until his death in 2009.", "Ted Kennedy __knowledge__ A member of the Democratic Party, he was the second most senior member of the Senate when he died and is the fourth-longest-continuously-serving senator in United States history, having served there for almost 47 years.", "Ted Kennedy __knowledge__ For many years, Ted Kennedy was the most prominent living member of the Kennedy family, and he was also the last surviving, longest-living, and youngest son of Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr. and Rose Kennedy." ] ]

[ 0, 1, 4, 4 ]

[ "I love to run, even when I'm not very fast", "I will even when you seem to be quite knowledgeable and I'm very curious. Athletic is a term encompassing the human competitive sports games, among these sports is running.", "Not, on the contry it has many health benefits. Could you tell me when Athletics in general became popular?", "You are the are the expert here. I only know that athletics is one of the earliest sports." ]

[ "Athletics (physical culture)", "Athletics (physical culture)", "Athletics (physical culture)", "Athletics (physical culture)" ]

[ "YouTube\nI watch a lot on youtube. When was it launched?", "How many viewers has it had?", "What kind of videos does it have?", "Who has the most views of all time?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "YouTube __knowledge__ YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California.", "YouTube __knowledge__ The service was created by three former PayPal employees—Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim—in February 2005.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Google bought the site in November 2006 for US$1.65 billion; YouTube now operates as one of Google's subsidiaries.", "YouTube __knowledge__ YouTube allows users to upload, view, rate, share, add to favorites, report, comment on videos, and subscribe to other users.", "YouTube __knowledge__ It offers a wide variety of user-generated and corporate media videos.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Available content includes video clips, TV show clips, music videos, short and documentary films, audio recordings, movie trailers, live streams, and other content such as video blogging, short original videos, and educational videos.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Most of the content on YouTube is uploaded by individuals, but media corporations including CBS, the BBC, Vevo, and Hulu offer some of their material via YouTube as part of the YouTube partnership program.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Unregistered users can only watch videos on the site, while registered users are permitted to upload an unlimited number of videos and add comments to videos.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Videos deemed potentially inappropriate are available only to registered users affirming themselves to be at least 18 years old.", "Edwin R. Fissinger __knowledge__ Edwin R. Fissinger (June 15, 1920, Chicago, Illinois – October 16, 1990, Fargo, North Dakota) was an American composer, conductor, scholar, and charter member of the ACDA.", "Edwin R. Fissinger __knowledge__ Edwin Russell Fissinger was the fifth of nine children born to Paul and Isabel Fissinger in Chicago, Illinois.", "Edwin R. Fissinger __knowledge__ He grew up in Rockford, Illinois, and attended Rockford High School where he was a star athlete of the track team and ran the fasted 440 in the school's history.", "Edwin R. Fissinger __knowledge__ It was also in Rockford where Fissinger received his early musical training.", "Edwin R. Fissinger __knowledge__ In the fall of 1938, Fissinger entered Marquette University, Milwaukee on a track scholarship.", "Natalia E. Bazhanova __knowledge__ Natalia Evgenyevna Bazhanova (née Korsakova; in Russian: Наталья Евгеньевна Бажанова (девичья фамилия Корсакова); 4 January 1947 – 7 June 2014) was an influential Russian political scientist, historian, economist, educator, writer, and diplomat.", "Natalia E. Bazhanova __knowledge__ She gained wider prominence through her works on Korea, China, the United States, and a post-Cold War world order: \"Between Dead Dogmas and Practical Requirements.", "Natalia E. Bazhanova __knowledge__ External Economic Relations of North Korea\" (1992); \"The Most Mysterious War of the XX Century (Korean Conflict 1950–1953)\" (1997); \"Chinese Mosaic\" (2011); \"America: Yesterday and Today\", Volumes 1, 2 (2005); \"International Relations in the XXI century\" (2011) etc.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ Felix Arvid Ulf Kjellberg ( ; ; born 24 October 1989), known online as PewDiePie ( ), is a Swedish web-based comedian and video producer.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ He is known for his Let's Play commentaries and vlogs, as well as his following on YouTube.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ Born in Gothenburg, Sweden, PewDiePie originally pursued a degree in industrial economics and technology management at Chalmers University of Technology.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ In 2010, during his time at the university, he registered a YouTube account under the name PewDiePie.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ The following year, he dropped out of Chalmers after becoming disinterested with his degree field, much to the dismay of his parents.", "Censorship of YouTube __knowledge__ Video-sharing platform YouTube is the second-most popular website as of 2017, according to Alexa Internet.", "Censorship of YouTube __knowledge__ According to the company's press page, YouTube has more than one billion users and each day those users watch more than one billion hours of video.", "Censorship of YouTube __knowledge__ Censorship of it has occurred and continues to occur in many countries throughout the world, though the website can typically still be accessed through VPN or proxy servers.", "Censorship of YouTube __knowledge__ YouTube blocking occurs for a variety of reasons including: In some countries YouTube is completely blocked, either through a long term standing ban or for more limited periods of time such as during periods of unrest, the run-up to an election, or in response to upcoming political anniversaries.", "History of YouTube __knowledge__ YouTube was created by PayPal employees as a video-sharing website where users could upload, share and view content.", "History of YouTube __knowledge__ The Internet domain name \"codice_1\" was activated on Monday, February 14, 2005 at 9:13 p.m. YouTube was founded by Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim, when they worked for PayPal.", "History of YouTube __knowledge__ Prior to working for PayPal, Hurley studied design at the Indiana University of Pennsylvania; Chen and Karim studied computer science together at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign.", "History of YouTube __knowledge__ YouTube's initial headquarters was above a pizzeria and Japanese restaurant in San Mateo, California.", "History of YouTube __knowledge__ The domain name \"YouTube.com\" was activated on February 14, 2005 with video upload options being integrated on April 23, 2005.", "Social impact of YouTube __knowledge__ The YouTube video hosting service constitutes a social networking website on which practically any individual or organization with Internet access can upload videos that can be seen almost immediately by wide audiences.", "Social impact of YouTube __knowledge__ As the world's largest video platform, YouTube has had impact in many fields, with some individual YouTube videos having directly shaped world events.", "Social impact of YouTube __knowledge__ In his 2010 TED Talk on crowd-accelerated innovation, TED curator Chris Anderson preliminarily noted that human brains are \"uniquely wired\" to decode high-bandwidth video, and that unlike written text, face-to-face communication of the type that online videos convey has been \"fine-tuned by millions of years of evolution.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "YouTube __knowledge__ YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California.", "YouTube __knowledge__ The service was created by three former PayPal employees—Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim—in February 2005.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Google bought the site in November 2006 for US$1.65 billion; YouTube now operates as one of Google's subsidiaries.", "YouTube __knowledge__ YouTube allows users to upload, view, rate, share, add to favorites, report, comment on videos, and subscribe to other users.", "YouTube __knowledge__ It offers a wide variety of user-generated and corporate media videos.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Available content includes video clips, TV show clips, music videos, short and documentary films, audio recordings, movie trailers, live streams, and other content such as video blogging, short original videos, and educational videos.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Most of the content on YouTube is uploaded by individuals, but media corporations including CBS, the BBC, Vevo, and Hulu offer some of their material via YouTube as part of the YouTube partnership program.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Unregistered users can only watch videos on the site, while registered users are permitted to upload an unlimited number of videos and add comments to videos.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Videos deemed potentially inappropriate are available only to registered users affirming themselves to be at least 18 years old.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ As the World Turns is a long-running soap opera television series that aired on CBS from April 2, 1956, to September 17, 2010.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ Its fictional world has a long and involved history.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ List of characters who were part of the original cast: Like many daytime dramas of the period, the show entered into a mixed experiment with heavily youth-oriented action-adventure storylines in the early 1980s under producer Mary-Ellis Bunim and writers Bridget and Jerome Dobson.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ One of their juiciest stories centered around the various and sundry traumas endured by Jennifer's daughter Barbara Ryan (Colleen Zenk Pinter) - during the years of her marriage to the charismatic criminal James Stenbeck (Anthony Herrera) (This was after she had left Tom Hughes at the altar in June 1980).", "Airtel Super Singer 3 __knowledge__ Airtel Super Singer 3 - \"Thamizhagathil Brahmaanda Kuralukkaana Thedal - Immurai Ulaga Alavil\", the third season of the \"Airtel Super Singer\" show, was a reality-based Indian singing competition in Tamil language that aired on Vijay TV.", "Airtel Super Singer 3 __knowledge__ It was designed to be a talent hunt to find the best voice of Tamil Nadu.", "Airtel Super Singer 3 __knowledge__ The show premiered on 12 July 2010, and episodes were telecast between Monday to Thursday each week at 9:00pm.", "Airtel Super Singer 3 __knowledge__ Persons above the age of 16 years were permitted to audition to showcase their talent on Vijay TV's platform.", "Airtel Super Singer 3 __knowledge__ The show was initially hosted by Divya Vijaygopal during the audition rounds.", "Brookside __knowledge__ Brookside is a British soap opera set in Liverpool, England.", "Brookside __knowledge__ The series began on the launch night of Channel 4 on 2 November 1982, and ran for 21 years until 4 November 2003.", "Brookside __knowledge__ Originally intended to be called \"Meadowcroft\", the series was produced by Mersey Television and it was conceived by Phil Redmond who also devised \"Grange Hill\" (1978–2008) and \"Hollyoaks\" (1995–present).", "Brookside __knowledge__ \"Brookside\" became very successful and was often Channel 4's highest rated programme for a number of years in the mid-1980s and with audiences regularly in excess of nine million viewers.", "Brookside __knowledge__ It is notable for realistic and socially challenging storylines.", "Super Bowl commercials __knowledge__ The U.S. television broadcast of the Super Bowl – the championship game of the National Football League (NFL) – features many high-profile television commercials, colloquially known as Super Bowl ads.", "Super Bowl commercials __knowledge__ The phenomenon is a result of the game's extremely high viewership and wide demographics: Super Bowl games have frequently been among the United States' most watched television broadcasts, with Nielsen having estimated that Super Bowl XLIX in 2015 was seen by at least 114.4 million viewers in the United States, surpassing the previous year's Super Bowl as the highest-rated television broadcast in U.S. history.", "Digital television transition in the United States __knowledge__ The DTV (an abbreviation of digital television, also called digital broadcast) transition in the United States was the switchover from analog (the traditional method of transmitting television signals) to exclusively digital broadcasting of free over-the-air television programming.", "Digital television transition in the United States __knowledge__ According to by David Rehr, then president and CEO of the National Association of Broadcasters, this transition represented \"the most significant advancement of television technology since color TV was introduced.\"", "Digital television transition in the United States __knowledge__ For full-power TV stations, the transition went into effect on June 12, 2009, with stations ending regular programming on their analog signals no later than 11:59pm local time that day.", "The Little Nyonya __knowledge__ The Little Nyonya (Chinese: 小娘惹) is a 2008 drama serial on Singapore's free-to-air MediaCorp TV Channel 8.", "The Little Nyonya __knowledge__ The storyline, which circles around the biographical flashback of an extended Peranakan family in Malacca, is set in the 1930s and spans to over 70 years and several generations of three families.", "The Little Nyonya __knowledge__ The series was partly sponsored by the Media Development Authority of Singapore.", "The Little Nyonya __knowledge__ It debuted on November 25, 2008 and concluded its run on January 5, 2009.", "The Little Nyonya __knowledge__ It is shown on weekdays at 9pm.", "The Little Nyonya __knowledge__ Produced by MediaCorp in commemoration of the channel's 45-year anniversary (45载光芒·8方贺台庆), the series has been acclaimed by viewers and critics, and raked the highest viewership in the country in 14 years.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ Lexa is a fictional character from the American post-apocalyptic science fiction television series \"The 100\", produced by The CW.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ The recurring television character (portrayed by Alycia Debnam-Carey) does not appear in the books on which the series is based.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ The commander of the allied Grounder clans, Lexa is proven to be a reasonable leader and strong warrior.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ She considers love a weakness, a view significantly impacted by the death of her girlfriend, Costia.", "Lexa (The 100) __knowledge__ Though she starts to show romantic feelings for Clarke Griffin (leader of the Sky People) and takes Clarke's views into consideration, Lexa puts her people first, even at the expense of losing Clarke's trust.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a song by English singer Adele, released on 23 October 2015 by XL Recordings as the lead single from her third studio album, \"25\" (2015).", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Adele co-wrote the song with her producer, Greg Kurstin.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a piano ballad with soul influences, and lyrics that discuss themes of nostalgia and regret.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Upon release, the song was acclaimed by music critics, who compared it favourably to Adele's previous work and praised the song's lyrics and Adele's vocals while many critics and publications ranked it as one of the best songs of the year.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ It was recorded in London.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" reached number one in almost every country it charted in, including the United Kingdom, where it became her second UK number-one single, following \"Someone like You\", and has the largest opening week sales in three years.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Hello Hurricane __knowledge__ Hello Hurricane is the seventh studio album by American alternative rock band Switchfoot, released on November 10, 2009.", "Hello Hurricane __knowledge__ It was co-produced by the band and Mike Elizondo, after initially self-producing their work, as well as test runs with producers such as Ken Andrews and Charlie Peacock.", "Hello Hurricane __knowledge__ The album was recorded mainly in the band's Spot X Studio in their hometown of San Diego, California.", "Hello Hurricane __knowledge__ It was originally to be released on October 6, 2009, but was pushed back to a November 10, 2009 release on their independent record label, the Atlantic-distributed lowercase people records.", "Hello Hurricane __knowledge__ On February 13, 2011, the album won the award for Best Rock Gospel Album at the 53rd Grammy Awards.", "Hello Kitty (song) __knowledge__ \"Hello Kitty\" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne, taken from her self-titled fifth studio album, \"Avril Lavigne\" (2013).", "Hello Kitty (song) __knowledge__ The song was released as a Japan-only fourth single.", "Hello Kitty (song) __knowledge__ It was written by Lavigne, Chad Kroeger, David Hodges and Martin Johnson.", "Hello Kitty (song) __knowledge__ Production was handled by Kroeger and Hodges, with additional production by Brandon Paddock and Kyle Moorman.", "Hello Kitty (song) __knowledge__ Musically, \"Hello Kitty\" is a J-pop, dubstep, and EDM song, featuring an electro-influenced drop.", "Hello Kitty (song) __knowledge__ The song was influenced by her obsession with all things related to the Japanese brand Hello Kitty, and has some sexual content.", "25 (Adele album) __knowledge__ 25 is the third studio album by English singer Adele.", "25 (Adele album) __knowledge__ It was released on 20 November 2015, through XL Recordings nearly five years after the release and international success of her second studio album \"21\".", "25 (Adele album) __knowledge__ Titled as a reflection of her life and frame of mind at 25 years old, \"25\" is a \"make-up record\".", "25 (Adele album) __knowledge__ The album's lyrical content features themes of Adele \"yearning for her old self, her nostalgia\", and \"melancholia about the passage of time\" according to an interview with the singer by \"Rolling Stone\", as well as themes of motherhood and regret.", "25 (Adele album) __knowledge__ In contrast to Adele's previous works, the production of \"25\" incorporated the use of electronic elements and creative rhythmic patterns, with elements of 1980s R&B and organs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "YouTube __knowledge__ YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California.", "YouTube __knowledge__ The service was created by three former PayPal employees—Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim—in February 2005.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Google bought the site in November 2006 for US$1.65 billion; YouTube now operates as one of Google's subsidiaries.", "YouTube __knowledge__ YouTube allows users to upload, view, rate, share, add to favorites, report, comment on videos, and subscribe to other users.", "YouTube __knowledge__ It offers a wide variety of user-generated and corporate media videos.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Available content includes video clips, TV show clips, music videos, short and documentary films, audio recordings, movie trailers, live streams, and other content such as video blogging, short original videos, and educational videos.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Most of the content on YouTube is uploaded by individuals, but media corporations including CBS, the BBC, Vevo, and Hulu offer some of their material via YouTube as part of the YouTube partnership program.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Unregistered users can only watch videos on the site, while registered users are permitted to upload an unlimited number of videos and add comments to videos.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Videos deemed potentially inappropriate are available only to registered users affirming themselves to be at least 18 years old.", "Music video __knowledge__ A music video is a short film that integrates a song with imagery, and produced for promotional or artistic purposes.", "Music video __knowledge__ Modern music videos are primarily made and used as a marketing device intended to promote the sale of music recordings.", "Music video __knowledge__ There are also cases where songs are used in tie-in marketing campaigns that allow them to become more than just a song.", "Music video __knowledge__ Tie-ins and merchandising can be used for toys or for food or other products.", "Music video __knowledge__ Although the origins of the music video date back to musical short films that first appeared in the 1920s, they again came into prominence in the 1980s when the channel MTV (originally \"Music Television\") based their format around the medium.", "MTV __knowledge__ MTV (originally an initialism of Music Television) is an American cable and satellite television channel owned by Viacom Media Networks (a division of Viacom) and headquartered in New York City.", "MTV __knowledge__ Launched on August 1, 1981, the channel originally aired music videos as guided by television personalities known as \"video jockeys\" (VJs).", "MTV __knowledge__ At first, MTV's main target demographic was young adults, but today it is primarily teenagers, particularly high school and college students.", "MTV __knowledge__ MTV has toned down its music video programming significantly in recent years, and its programming now consists mainly of original reality, comedy and drama programming and some off-network syndicated programs and films, with limited music video programming in off-peak time periods.", "America's Funniest Home Videos __knowledge__ America's Funniest Home Videos (often simply abbreviated to AFHV or its on-air abbreviation AFV) is an American video clip television series on ABC, which features humorous homemade videos that are submitted by viewers.", "America's Funniest Home Videos __knowledge__ The most common videos feature unintentional physical comedy (arising from incidents, accidents, and mishaps), pets or children, and some staged practical jokes.", "America's Funniest Home Videos __knowledge__ Originally airing as a special in 1989, it debuted as a regular weekly series in 1990.", "America's Funniest Home Videos __knowledge__ It was hosted by Bob Saget for the 1989 special and the first eight seasons of the series incarnation, then by John Fugelsang and Daisy Fuentes for its ninth and tenth seasons.", "James O'Keefe __knowledge__ James Edward O'Keefe III (born June 28, 1984) is an American conservative political activist.", "James O'Keefe __knowledge__ He produces secretly recorded undercover audio and video encounters with figures and workers in academic, governmental and social service organizations, purporting to show abusive or allegedly illegal behavior by employees and/or representatives of those organizations.", "James O'Keefe __knowledge__ He has been criticized for selectively editing videos to misrepresent the context of conversations and the subjects' responses, creating the false impression that people said or did things they did not.", "James O'Keefe __knowledge__ He gained national attention for his video recordings of workers at Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now (ACORN) offices in 2009, his arrest and guilty plea in 2010 for entering the federal office of then-U.S.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ Felix Arvid Ulf Kjellberg ( ; ; born 24 October 1989), known online as PewDiePie ( ), is a Swedish web-based comedian and video producer.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ He is known for his Let's Play commentaries and vlogs, as well as his following on YouTube.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ Born in Gothenburg, Sweden, PewDiePie originally pursued a degree in industrial economics and technology management at Chalmers University of Technology.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ In 2010, during his time at the university, he registered a YouTube account under the name PewDiePie.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ The following year, he dropped out of Chalmers after becoming disinterested with his degree field, much to the dismay of his parents.", "MTV2 __knowledge__ MTV2 (formerly M2) is an American digital cable and satellite television channel owned by Viacom Global Entertainment Group, a unit of the Viacom Media Networks division of Viacom.", "MTV2 __knowledge__ The channel was initially broadcast over-the-air in selected markets, where the former all-request music channel known as The Box was broadcast (which was acquired by MTV Networks in 2001 for the sole purpose of conversion to MTV2).", "MTV2 __knowledge__ The channel launched initially as a constant, commercial-free music videos, once the original MTV had started to change its direction to reality television and serial documentaries.", "MTV2 __knowledge__ During the 2000s, the focus changed as well on MTV2; music video programming has been moved gradually away from MTV and MTV2 to sibling networks.", "Google __knowledge__ Google LLC is an American multinational technology company that specializes in Internet-related services and products, which include online advertising technologies, search engine, cloud computing, software, and hardware.", "Google __knowledge__ Google was founded in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were Ph.D. students at Stanford University, California.", "Google __knowledge__ Together, they own about 14 percent of its shares and control 56 percent of the stockholder voting power through supervoting stock.", "Google __knowledge__ They incorporated Google as a privately held company on September 4, 1998.", "Google __knowledge__ An Initial public offering (IPO) took place on August 19, 2004, and Google moved to its new headquarters in Mountain View, California, nicknamed the Googleplex.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google, based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open source software and designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ In addition, Google has further developed Android TV for televisions, Android Auto for cars, and Android Wear for wrist watches, each with a specialized user interface.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Variants of Android are also used on game consoles, digital cameras, PCs and other electronics.", "Android (operating system) __knowledge__ Initially developed by Android Inc., which Google bought in 2005, Android was unveiled in 2007, with the first commercial Android device launched in September 2008.", "History of Google __knowledge__ The Google company was launched in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin to market Google Search, which has become the most widely used web-based search engine.", "History of Google __knowledge__ Page and Brin, students at Stanford University in California, developed a search algorithmat first known as \"BackRub\"in 1996.", "History of Google __knowledge__ The search engine soon proved successful and the expanding company moved several times, finally settling at Mountain View in 2003.", "History of Google __knowledge__ This marked a phase of rapid growth, with the company making its initial public offering in 2004 and quickly becoming one of the world's largest media companies.", "History of Google __knowledge__ The company launched Google News in 2002, Gmail in 2004, Google Maps in 2005, Google Chrome in 2008, and the social network known as Google+ in 2011, in addition to many other products.", "Criticism of Google __knowledge__ Criticism of Google includes aggressive and contrived tax avoidance, misuse and manipulation of search results, its use of others' intellectual property, concerns that its compilation of data may violate people's privacy, censorship of search results and content, and the energy consumption of its servers as well as concerns over traditional business issues such as monopoly, restraint of trade, antitrust, idea borrowing, and being a leftist \"Ideological Echo Chamber\".", "Criticism of Google __knowledge__ Alphabet Inc. is an American multinational public corporation invested in Internet search, cloud computing, and advertising technologies.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google frequently inserts jokes and hoaxes into its products on April Fools' Day, which takes place on April 1.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google's first April Fools' Day hoax, the Mental flex hoax, invited users to project a mental image of what they wanted to find whilst staring at an animated GIF.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Several humorous error messages were then displayed on the search results page, all listed below: An additional error message was included which converted all navigation text to German, but was scrapped after user complaints.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google reveals the technology behind its PageRank Systems—PigeonRank.", "List of Google April Fools' Day jokes __knowledge__ Google touts the benefits of this cost-effective and efficient means of ranking pages and reassures readers that there is no animal cruelty involved in the process.", "Google Video __knowledge__ Google Video was a free video hosting service from Google, similar to YouTube, that allowed video clips to be hosted on Google servers and embedded on to other websites.", "Google Video __knowledge__ This allowed websites to host lots of video remotely without running into bandwidth or storage-capacity issues.", "Google Video __knowledge__ The service was launched on January 25, 2005.", "Google Video __knowledge__ In 2009, Google discontinued the ability to upload videos to Google Video.", "Google Video __knowledge__ The service was ultimately shut down on August 20, 2012.", "Google Video __knowledge__ Thereafter, the web address has been reused to host Google Videos search engine.", "Google Video __knowledge__ Google Video was geared towards providing a large archive of freely searchable videos." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "YouTube __knowledge__ YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California.", "YouTube __knowledge__ The service was created by three former PayPal employees—Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim—in February 2005.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Google bought the site in November 2006 for US$1.65 billion; YouTube now operates as one of Google's subsidiaries.", "YouTube __knowledge__ YouTube allows users to upload, view, rate, share, add to favorites, report, comment on videos, and subscribe to other users.", "YouTube __knowledge__ It offers a wide variety of user-generated and corporate media videos.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Available content includes video clips, TV show clips, music videos, short and documentary films, audio recordings, movie trailers, live streams, and other content such as video blogging, short original videos, and educational videos.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Most of the content on YouTube is uploaded by individuals, but media corporations including CBS, the BBC, Vevo, and Hulu offer some of their material via YouTube as part of the YouTube partnership program.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Unregistered users can only watch videos on the site, while registered users are permitted to upload an unlimited number of videos and add comments to videos.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Videos deemed potentially inappropriate are available only to registered users affirming themselves to be at least 18 years old.", "Self-verification theory __knowledge__ Self-verification is a social psychological theory that asserts people want to be known and understood by others according to their firmly held beliefs and feelings about themselves, that is \"self-views\" (including self-concepts and self-esteem).", "Self-verification theory __knowledge__ A competing theory to self-verification is \"self-enhancement\" or the drive for positive evaluations.", "Self-verification theory __knowledge__ Because chronic self-concepts and self-esteem play an important role in understanding the world, providing a sense of coherence, and guiding action, people become motivated to maintain them through self-verification.", "Self-verification theory __knowledge__ Such strivings provide stability to people’s lives, making their experiences more coherent, orderly, and comprehensible than they would be otherwise.", "View model __knowledge__ A view model or viewpoints framework in systems engineering, software engineering, and enterprise engineering is a framework which defines a coherent set of \"views\" to be used in the construction of a system architecture, software architecture, or enterprise architecture.", "View model __knowledge__ A \"view\" is a representation of a whole system from the perspective of a related set of concerns.", "View model __knowledge__ Since the early 1990s there have been a number of efforts to prescribe approaches for describing and analyzing system architectures.", "View model __knowledge__ These recent efforts define a set of views (or viewpoints).", "View model __knowledge__ They are sometimes referred to as architecture frameworks or enterprise architecture frameworks, but are not usually called \"view models\".", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ This list of Internet censorship and surveillance by country provides information on the types and levels of Internet censorship and surveillance that is occurring in countries around the world.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ Detailed country by country information on Internet censorship and surveillance is provided in the \"Freedom on the Net\" reports from Freedom House, by the OpenNet Initiative, by Reporters Without Borders, and in the \"Country Reports on Human Rights Practices\" from the U.S. State Department Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.", "Internet censorship and surveillance by country __knowledge__ The ratings produced by several of these organizations are summarized below as well as in the Censorship by country article.", "Views (album) __knowledge__ Views is the fourth studio album by Canadian rapper Drake.", "Views (album) __knowledge__ It was released on April 29, 2016, by Young Money Entertainment, Cash Money Records and Republic Records.", "Views (album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions took place from 2015 to 2016, with both Drake and his longtime collaborator and record producer 40 serving as the records executive producers.", "Views (album) __knowledge__ 40 also primarily handled the production on the album alongside each of these several other record producers such as Nineteen85, Maneesh Bidaye, Kanye West and Jordan Ullman, among others.", "Views (album) __knowledge__ The album contains the elements of genres such as R&B, dancehall, hip hop and pop, among others.", "Virtually Normal __knowledge__ Virtually Normal: An Argument About Homosexuality (1995; second edition 1996) is a book about the politics of homosexuality by Andrew Sullivan, in which the author discusses and criticizes four different perspectives on gay rights in American society, which he calls the \"Prohibitionist\", \"Liberationist\", \"Conservative\", and \"Liberal\" views, seeking to expose internal inconsistencies within each of them.", "Virtually Normal __knowledge__ Sullivan also criticizes the work of the philosopher Michel Foucault and its influence on gay rights activists, and argues in favor of same-sex marriage and an end to the don't ask, don't tell policy, which banned military service by openly gay people.", "Buddhist philosophy __knowledge__ Buddhist philosophy refers to the philosophical investigations and systems of inquiry that developed among various Buddhist schools in India following the death of the Buddha and later spread throughout Asia.", "Buddhist philosophy __knowledge__ Buddhism's main concern has always been freedom from dukkha (unease), and the path to that ultimate freedom consists in ethical action (karma), meditation and in direct insight (prajña) into the nature of \"things as they truly are\" (yathābhūtaṃ viditvā).", "Buddhist philosophy __knowledge__ Indian Buddhists sought this understanding not just from the revealed teachings of the Buddha, but through philosophical analysis and rational deliberation.", "Photographers of the American Civil War __knowledge__ The American Civil War was the most widely covered conflict of the 19th century.", "Photographers of the American Civil War __knowledge__ The images would provide posterity with a comprehensive visual record of the war and its leading figures, and make a powerful impression on the populace.", "Photographers of the American Civil War __knowledge__ Something not generally known by the public is the fact that roughly 70% of the war's documentary photography was captured by the twin lenses of a stereo camera.", "Photographers of the American Civil War __knowledge__ The American Civil War was the first war in history, whose intimate reality would be brought home to the public, not only in newspaper depictions, album cards and cartes-de-visite, but in a popular new 3D format called a \"stereograph\" or \"stereocard.\"", "User-generated content __knowledge__ User-generated content (UGC), alternatively known as user-created content (UCC), is any form of content created by users of a system or service and made available publicly on that system.", "User-generated content __knowledge__ UGC most often appears as supplements to online platforms, such as social media websites, and may include such content types as blog posts, wikis, videos, comments or ecommerce.", "User-generated content __knowledge__ The term \"user-generated content\" and concept it refers to entered mainstream usage in the mid-2000s, having arisen in web publishing and new media content production circles.", "User-generated content __knowledge__ The BBC adopted a user-generated content platform for its websites in 2005, and TIME Magazine named \"You\" as the Person of the Year in 2006, referring to the rise in the production of UGC on Web 2.0 platforms.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot () is a town and nagar panchayat in the Ratlam district of Madhya Pradesh, India.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is located at .", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot has a population of 40,948.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is a tehsil place and a small town; it is a tahsil of Ratlam district and the hometown to Jangalwa Dynasty.", "Alot __knowledge__ It is on the route of the Delhi–Bombay railway track.", "Alot __knowledge__ Through trade routes Jewellers and Businessman established themselves in the town before the 17th century and flourished businesses in ginning and jewellery.", "Alot __knowledge__ A glimpse of the business lifestyle during that era can still be found in the historical town.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is a main station for Jain ; many Jain people go there daily for the darshan of Lord Jain Swetamber.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Ma'alot-Tarshiha (; , \"Maʻālūt Taršīḥā\") is a mixed city in the North District in Israel, some east of Nahariya, about above sea level.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ The city was established in 1963 through a municipal merger of the Arab town of Tarshiha and the Jewish town of Ma'alot.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ In the city has a population of .", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Excavations of a 4th-century burial cave in the village unearthed a cross and a piece of glass engraved with a menorah.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Crusader sources from the 12th and 13th century refer to Tarshiha as \"Terschia,\" \"Torsia\" and \"Tersigha.\"", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ The King had initiated the settlement of Crusader (\"Latin\", \"Frankish\") people in nearby Mi'ilya (\"Castellum Regis\"), and from there settlement spread out to Tarshiha.", "Kinomap __knowledge__ Kinomap is a complete end-to-end platform for creating, hosting, sharing and utilizing motion videos for user generated videos.", "Kinomap __knowledge__ Kinomap allows uploading motion videos shot with a GPS camera or a common camera coupledd with GPS track from another device (such as a smartwatch).", "Kinomap __knowledge__ Kinomap platform contains geolocated video shooting (2D, 3D, terrestrial and aero), applications for Smartphone and tablets, data acquisition and integration, dedicated web portals and features like round-tour management, audio and video navigation, video tourism, indoor fitness training etc.", "Kinomap __knowledge__ The maps combine the video with navigation routes, and add physical data (like altitude, elevation, speed, pollution level, three-dimensional acceleration, bearing/direction, radioactivity, temperature and distance covered figures).", "Mashup (video) __knowledge__ A video mashup (also written as video mash-up) combines multiple pre-existing video sources with no discernible relation with each other into a unified video.", "Mashup (video) __knowledge__ These are derivative works as defined by the United States Copyright Act , and as such, may find protection from copyright claims under the doctrine of fair use.", "Mashup (video) __knowledge__ Examples of mashup videos include movie trailer remixes, vids, YouTube Poop, Wishfie Reaction Videos, and supercuts.", "Mashup (video) __knowledge__ These two types of music video mashup are usually edited to match the rhythm of the song, and seeking to show a particular aesthetic style.And towards to a celebrative communication.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ Ma'alot Dafna () is an Israeli settlement and neighborhood in Jerusalem that sits partly in East Jerusalem and in a territory that was no man's land before the Six Day war.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ It borders the neighborhood of Shmuel HaNavi to the west, Ammunition Hill to the east, Ramat Eshkol to the north and Arzei HaBira to the south.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ The international community considers Israeli settlements in East Jerusalem illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ Ma'alot Dafna was established in 1972 on the hillside through which Israeli troops in the Six Day War made their way from the Israeli neighborhood of Shmuel HaNavi to fight the Arab Legion troops at the Battle of Ammunition Hill.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ The Ma'alot massacre was a Palestinian terrorist attack that occurred in May 1974 and involved a two-day hostage-taking of 115 Israeli people which ended in the murders of over 25 hostages.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ It began when three armed members of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP) entered Israel from Lebanon.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ Soon afterwards they attacked a van, killing two Israeli Arab women while injuring a third and entered an apartment building in the town of Ma'alot, where they killed a couple and their four-year-old son.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ From there, they headed for the Netiv Meir Elementary School, where they took more than 115 people (including 105 children) hostage on 15 May 1974, in Ma'alot." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 5, 0 ]

[ "Hello, do you like the youtube? I know it's headquarters is in california", "You do seem to ask alot of questions for someone so small. I know that google bought youtube back in 2006.", "It has alot of videos. Some user generated and some corportate. It's pretty amazing all that can be on it.", "If I can remember correctly, Justin bieber has the most total views of all time." ]

[ "YouTube", "YouTube", "YouTube", "YouTube" ]

[ "Beard\nHi there, I have a big beard!", "Oh yes, I am, but surprisingly enough, there have been cases of women with beards!", "Wow, I did not know that. There are many similarities between us and gorillas, it's remarkable.", "That's bizarre. Beards often have a lot to do with genetics and some males cannot grow a proper beard.", "I could see that. The variance in cultures is what makes life on Earth so special, everyone is so unique." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beard __knowledge__ A beard is the collection of hair that grows on the chin and cheeks of humans and some animals.", "Beard __knowledge__ In humans, usually only pubescent or adult males are able to grow beards.", "Beard __knowledge__ From an evolutionary viewpoint the beard is a part of the broader category of androgenic hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ It is a vestigial trait from a time when humans had hair on their face and entire body like the hair on gorillas.", "Beard __knowledge__ The evolutionary loss of hair is pronounced in some populations such as indigenous Americans and some east Asian populations, who have less facial hair, whereas people of European or South Asian ancestry and the Ainu have more facial hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ Societal attitudes toward male beards have varied widely depending on factors such as prevailing cultural-religious traditions and the current era's fashion trends.", "Beard __knowledge__ Some religions (such as Sikhism) have considered a full beard to be essential for all males able to grow one, and mandate it as part of their official dogma.", "Beard __knowledge__ Other cultures, even while not officially mandating it, view a beard as central to a man's virility, exemplifying such virtues as wisdom, strength, sexual prowess and high social status.", "Beard __knowledge__ However, in cultures where facial hair is uncommon (or currently out of fashion), beards may be associated with poor hygiene or a \"savage\", uncivilized, or even dangerous demeanor.", "Pak Suzuki Motors __knowledge__ Pak Suzuki Motor Company (PSMCL) is a Pakistani affiliate of Japanese automaker Suzuki.", "Pak Suzuki Motors __knowledge__ It is the Pakistani assembler and distributor of cars manufactured by Suzuki and its subsidiaries and foreign divisions.", "Pak Suzuki Motors __knowledge__ Currently Pak Suzuki is the largest car assembler in Pakistan.", "Pak Suzuki Motors __knowledge__ Most vehicles are produced and sold by Paksuzuki including the Mehran, Bolan, Ravi, Cultus and Swift are obsolete vehicles sourced from Suzuki Japan that do not confirm to modern automotive safety or emission standards.", "Pak Suzuki Motors __knowledge__ No vehicle assembled by Paksuzuki offers airbags to date.", "Pak Suzuki Motors __knowledge__ The company's highest selling models, Suzuki Mehran, is a very basic vehicle that does not even have side vents for air conditioning and rear window defogger and the same model was in production between 1988-2017 with very minor cosmetic changes.", "Brett Keisel __knowledge__ Brett Keisel (born September 19, 1978) is a former American football defensive end who played 12 seasons for the Pittsburgh Steelers.", "Brett Keisel __knowledge__ He was drafted by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the seventh round of the 2002 NFL Draft.", "Brett Keisel __knowledge__ He played college football at Brigham Young University.", "Brett Keisel __knowledge__ Keisel is known for his big beard, hence Steelers fans call him 'The Beard'.", "Brett Keisel __knowledge__ Keisel was redshirted his freshman year at BYU.", "Brett Keisel __knowledge__ He played defensive end his sophomore year and then the following year transferred to Snow College.", "Brett Keisel __knowledge__ He then returned to BYU to finish his college football career.", "Brett Keisel __knowledge__ Keisel had a total of 66 tackles, with 39 being solo tackles, 9 quarterback sacks, and 19 stops behind the line of scrimmage.", "The Butcher, the Chef and the Swordsman __knowledge__ The Butcher, the Chef and the Swordsman () is a 2010 action comedy film directed by Wuershan.", "The Butcher, the Chef and the Swordsman __knowledge__ The film is made up of three inter-twining stories.", "The Butcher, the Chef and the Swordsman __knowledge__ The first about a butcher who takes revenge on a swordsman for humiliation, the second is about a chef who has his apprentice makes an eight-course meal for the powerful Eunuch Liu.", "The Butcher, the Chef and the Swordsman __knowledge__ The final story is about a warrior with a powerful sword melted from other champion swords, but the sword does not work as expected during combat.", "The Butcher, the Chef and the Swordsman __knowledge__ The film was a feature debut of director Wuershan.", "The Butcher, the Chef and the Swordsman __knowledge__ It premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival where it received a mixed critical reception.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "James Beard __knowledge__ James Andrews Beard (May 5, 1903 – January 21, 1985) was an American cook, cookbook author, teacher and television personality.", "James Beard __knowledge__ Beard was a champion of American cuisine who taught and mentored generations of professional chefs and food enthusiasts.", "James Beard __knowledge__ His legacy lives on in twenty books, other writings and his foundation's annual James Beard awards in a number of culinary genres.", "James Beard __knowledge__ James Andrews Beard was born in Portland, Oregon, in 1903 to Elizabeth and John Beard.", "James Beard __knowledge__ His mother operated the Gladstone Hotel, and his father worked at the city's customs house.", "James Beard __knowledge__ The family vacationed on the Pacific coast in Gearhart, Oregon, where Beard was exposed to Pacific Northwest cuisine.", "Morristown–Beard School __knowledge__ Morristown–Beard School is a coeducational, independent, college-preparatory day school located in Morristown, in Morris County, New Jersey, United States.", "Morristown–Beard School __knowledge__ Serving students in sixth through twelfth grades, the school has two academic units: an Upper School (9-12) and a Middle School (6-8).", "Morristown–Beard School __knowledge__ The present-day Morristown–Beard School was formed from the 1971 merger of two single-sex schools: the Beard School for Girls and the Morristown School for Boys.", "Morristown–Beard School __knowledge__ The Commission on Secondary Schools at the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools has accredited the school since 1973.", "Morristown–Beard School __knowledge__ Peter J. Caldwell has served as Morristown–Beard School's headmaster since 2011." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beard __knowledge__ A beard is the collection of hair that grows on the chin and cheeks of humans and some animals.", "Beard __knowledge__ In humans, usually only pubescent or adult males are able to grow beards.", "Beard __knowledge__ From an evolutionary viewpoint the beard is a part of the broader category of androgenic hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ It is a vestigial trait from a time when humans had hair on their face and entire body like the hair on gorillas.", "Beard __knowledge__ The evolutionary loss of hair is pronounced in some populations such as indigenous Americans and some east Asian populations, who have less facial hair, whereas people of European or South Asian ancestry and the Ainu have more facial hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ Societal attitudes toward male beards have varied widely depending on factors such as prevailing cultural-religious traditions and the current era's fashion trends.", "Beard __knowledge__ Some religions (such as Sikhism) have considered a full beard to be essential for all males able to grow one, and mandate it as part of their official dogma.", "Beard __knowledge__ Other cultures, even while not officially mandating it, view a beard as central to a man's virility, exemplifying such virtues as wisdom, strength, sexual prowess and high social status.", "Beard __knowledge__ However, in cultures where facial hair is uncommon (or currently out of fashion), beards may be associated with poor hygiene or a \"savage\", uncivilized, or even dangerous demeanor.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ Facial hair in the military has been at various times common, prohibited, or an integral part of the uniform.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ In the armed forces (and police) of India, Sikhs are allowed to wear full beards as their religion expressly requires followers to do so.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ However, they are specifically required to \"dress up their hair and beard properly\".", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ In fact, in Sikh-only units there are instances of personnel transferred out by the unit Commander for their refusal to wear beard and hair as required by Sikh religion, although no official regulation exists on this.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ Non-Sikh personnel are allowed to grow whiskers and moustaches, with the only regulation being that \"will be of moderate length\".", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Religious symbolism in the United States military __knowledge__ Religious symbolism in the United States military includes the use of religious symbols for military chaplain insignia, uniforms, emblems, flags, and chapels; symbolic gestures, actions, and words used in military rituals and ceremonies; and religious symbols or designations used in areas such as headstones and markers in national cemeteries, and military ID tags (\"dog tags\").", "Religious symbolism in the United States military __knowledge__ Symbolism sometimes includes specific images included or excluded because of religious reasons, choices involving colors with religious significance, and \"religious accommodation\" policies regarding the wear of \"religious apparel\" and \"grooming\" (such as \"unshorn\" hair and beards worn for religious reasons) with military uniforms.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ Yes Oh (styled as yes Oh) is an Israeli television channel carried by the Israeli satellite television provider - \"yes\", which broadcasts newer American and British TV Shows from HBO, AMC, Showtime, Starz and FX in Midnights.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ The channel began airing on January 21, 2012, on channel 14, replacing \"yes Real\" \"yes Oh\" airs all of its schedule in High Definition simulcast on yes Oh HD on channel 14.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ On January 17, 2010, \"yes\" launched the channel Yes Next (styled as yes Next and formerly called \"yes stars Next\"), which broadcast American, British and Israeli TV shows from all genres.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ The concept of the channel was to air shows approaching to the younger demographics.", "Beard Liberation Front __knowledge__ The Beard Liberation Front (BLF) is a British interest group which campaigns in support of beards and opposes pogonophobic discrimination against those who wear them.", "Beard Liberation Front __knowledge__ It was founded in 1995 by socialist historian Keith Flett who continues to organise and represent the organisation.", "Beard Liberation Front __knowledge__ Apart from its numerous campaigns in support of beards and against pogonophobia in the workplace and discrimination against those who wear beards as part of their religion, it currently hosts the annual Beard of the Year award.", "Beard Liberation Front __knowledge__ On the face of it, the campaign is semi-humorous, with its outwardly frivolous aims, its occasionally outlandish claims of discrimination and conspiracy, and its founder, who is also the spokesman for the Campaign for Real Conkers.", "Numbertime __knowledge__ Numbertime is a BBC educational numeracy television series for primary schools that was aired on BBC Two from 20 September 1993 to 3 December 2001.", "Numbertime __knowledge__ For its first four series, it was presented by Lolita Chakrabarti.", "Numbertime __knowledge__ El Nombre, an animated character from \"Numbertime\", eventually became the concept for another educational BBC children's television program; his name means \"The Name\" in Spanish, and not \"The Number\", which would be \"El Número\".", "Numbertime __knowledge__ The third line of his opening song and his farewell catchphrase were also changed several times during the series' run, to reflect their focus - however, the original ones (\"Writing numbers in the desert sand\" which was also used for the seventh series, and \"Adios amigos, and keep counting\" which was also used for the fourth, sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth series) remain the most famous.", "Dwarf (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ A dwarf, in the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" (\"D&D\") fantasy roleplaying game, is a humanoid race, one of the primary races available for player characters.", "Dwarf (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ The idea for the \"D&D\" dwarf comes from European mythologies and J. R. R. Tolkien's novel \"The Lord of the Rings\" (1954-1955), and has been used in \"D&D\" and its predecessor \"Chainmail\" since the early 1970s.", "Dwarf (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ Variations from the standard dwarf archetype of a short and stout demihuman are commonly called subraces, of which there are more than a dozen across many different rule sets and campaign settings.", "Dwarf (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ The concept of the dwarf comes from Norse and Teutonic mythology.", "Moustache __knowledge__ A moustache (; , ) is facial hair grown on the upper lip.", "Moustache __knowledge__ Moustaches can be groomed by trimming and styling with a type of pomade called moustache wax.", "Moustache __knowledge__ The word \"moustache\" is French, and is derived from the Italian \"moustacio\" (fourteenth century), dialectal \"mostaccio\" (16th century), from Medieval Latin \"moustaccium\" (eighth century), Medieval Greek μοστάκιον (\"moustakion\"), attested in the ninth century, which ultimately originates as a diminutive of Hellenistic Greek μύσταξ (\"mustax\", \"mustak-\"), meaning \"upper lip\" or \"facial hair\", probably derived from Hellenistic Greek μύλλον (\"mullon\"), \"lip\".", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ In Judaism, shaving with a razor is a prohibition that is based on rabbinic interpretation of Leviticus 19:27, which states, \"You shall not round off the side-growth on your head, or destroy the side-growth of your beard.\"", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ The Mishnah interprets this as a prohibition on using a razor on the beard.", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ This prohibition is further expanded upon in kabbalistic literature.", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ The halakhic prohibition applies to shaving off the \"pe'ot\" (sidelocks) and \"corners of the beard\" by means of a razor.", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ The book of Leviticus in the Torah makes mention of \"corners of the head\", and prohibits the \"marring\" of the \"corners of the beard\", with particular emphasis on priests not \"marring\" the \"corners of the beard\"; as with many other parts of Leviticus, the Book of Ezekiel describes different regulations, stating that the priests should not shave their heads, or let their locks grow long.", "Mate choice __knowledge__ Mate choice, also known as intersexual selection, is an evolutionary process in which selection is dependent on the attractiveness of an individual's phenotypic traits.", "Mate choice __knowledge__ Evolutionary change is possible because the qualities that are desired in a mate are more frequently passed on to each generation over time.", "Mate choice __knowledge__ For example, if female peacocks desire mates who have a colourful plumage, then this trait will increase in frequency over time as male peacocks with a colourful plumage will have more reproductive success.", "Mate choice __knowledge__ Mate choice is one of two components of sexual selection, the other being intrasexual selection." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beard __knowledge__ A beard is the collection of hair that grows on the chin and cheeks of humans and some animals.", "Beard __knowledge__ In humans, usually only pubescent or adult males are able to grow beards.", "Beard __knowledge__ From an evolutionary viewpoint the beard is a part of the broader category of androgenic hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ It is a vestigial trait from a time when humans had hair on their face and entire body like the hair on gorillas.", "Beard __knowledge__ The evolutionary loss of hair is pronounced in some populations such as indigenous Americans and some east Asian populations, who have less facial hair, whereas people of European or South Asian ancestry and the Ainu have more facial hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ Societal attitudes toward male beards have varied widely depending on factors such as prevailing cultural-religious traditions and the current era's fashion trends.", "Beard __knowledge__ Some religions (such as Sikhism) have considered a full beard to be essential for all males able to grow one, and mandate it as part of their official dogma.", "Beard __knowledge__ Other cultures, even while not officially mandating it, view a beard as central to a man's virility, exemplifying such virtues as wisdom, strength, sexual prowess and high social status.", "Beard __knowledge__ However, in cultures where facial hair is uncommon (or currently out of fashion), beards may be associated with poor hygiene or a \"savage\", uncivilized, or even dangerous demeanor.", "Western lowland gorilla __knowledge__ The western lowland gorilla (\"Gorilla gorilla gorilla\") is one of two subspecies of the western gorilla (\"Gorilla gorilla\") that lives in montane, primary and secondary forests and lowland swamps in central Africa in Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon.", "Western lowland gorilla __knowledge__ It is the nominate subspecies of the western gorilla, and smallest of the four gorilla subspecies.", "Western lowland gorilla __knowledge__ The Western lowland gorilla is the only subspecies kept in zoos with the exception of Amahoro, a female Eastern lowland gorilla at Antwerp Zoo and a few Mountain gorillas kept captive in Democratic Republic of the Congo.", "Gorilla __knowledge__ Gorillas are ground-dwelling, predominantly herbivorous apes that inhabit the forests of central Sub-Saharan Africa.", "Gorilla __knowledge__ The genus \"Gorilla\" is divided into two species: the eastern gorillas and the western gorillas (both critically endangered), and either four or five subspecies.", "Gorilla __knowledge__ They are the largest living primates.", "Gorilla __knowledge__ The DNA of gorillas is highly similar to that of humans, from 95–99% depending on what is counted, and they are the next closest living relatives to humans after the chimpanzees and bonobos.", "Gorilla __knowledge__ Gorillas' natural habitats cover tropical or subtropical forests in Sub-Saharan Africa.", "Gorilla __knowledge__ Although their range covers a small percentage of Africa, gorillas cover a wide range of elevations.", "Cross River gorilla __knowledge__ The Cross River gorilla (\"Gorilla gorilla diehli\") is a subspecies of the western gorilla (\"Gorilla gorilla\").", "Cross River gorilla __knowledge__ It was named a new species in 1904 by Paul Matschie, a mammalian taxonomist working at the Humboldt University Zoological Museum in Berlin, but its populations were not systematically surveyed until 1987.", "Cross River gorilla __knowledge__ It is the most western and northern form of gorilla, and is restricted to the forested hills and mountains of the Cameroon-Nigeria border region at the headwaters of the Cross River (Nigeria).", "Cross River gorilla __knowledge__ It is separated by about from the nearest population of western lowland gorillas (\"Gorilla gorilla gorilla\"), and by around from the gorilla population in the Ebo Forest of Cameroon.", "Mountain gorilla __knowledge__ The mountain gorilla (\"Gorilla beringei beringei\") is one of the two subspecies of the eastern gorilla.", "Mountain gorilla __knowledge__ There are two populations.", "Mountain gorilla __knowledge__ One is found in the Virunga volcanic mountains of Central Africa, within three National Parks: Mgahinga, in south-west Uganda; Volcanoes, in north-west Rwanda; and Virunga in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).", "Mountain gorilla __knowledge__ It is listed as critically endangered by the IUCN.", "Mountain gorilla __knowledge__ The other is found in Uganda's Bwindi Impenetrable National Park.", "Mountain gorilla __knowledge__ Some primatologists speculate the Bwindi population in Uganda is a separate subspecies, though no description has been finalized.", "Mountain gorilla __knowledge__ As of September 2016, only an estimated 880 mountain gorillas remain.", "Dian Fossey __knowledge__ Dian Fossey (; January 16, 1932 – c. December 26, 1985) was an American primatologist and conservationist known for undertaking an extensive study of mountain gorilla groups from 1966 until her death in 1985.", "Dian Fossey __knowledge__ She studied them daily in the mountain forests of Rwanda, initially encouraged to work there by paleontologist Louis Leakey.", "Dian Fossey __knowledge__ Her 1983 book, \"Gorillas in the Mist\", combines her scientific study of the gorillas at Karisoke Research Center with her own personal story.", "Dian Fossey __knowledge__ It was adapted into a 1988 film of the same name.", "Dian Fossey __knowledge__ Called one of the foremost primatologists in the world, Fossey, along with Jane Goodall and Birutė Galdikas, were the so-called Trimates, a group of three prominent researchers on primates (Fossey on gorillas; Goodall on common chimpanzees; and Galdikas on orangutans).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "Alfred the Gorilla __knowledge__ Alfred the Gorilla ( – 9 March 1948) arrived in Bristol Zoo in 1930 and became a popular attraction and animal celebrity.", "Alfred the Gorilla __knowledge__ His fame grew to international proportions during World War II and after his death he remained an important mascot for the city of Bristol.", "Alfred the Gorilla __knowledge__ Alfred's distinct personality led to his popularity amongst younger visitors and he quickly became one of the zoo’s main attractions.", "Alfred the Gorilla __knowledge__ His profile was further increased during World War II when visiting soldiers took images and stories of Alfred back to their home countries with articles about him appearing in the US and Australian press.", "Hair __knowledge__ Hair is a protein filament that grows from follicles found in the dermis.", "Hair __knowledge__ Hair is one of the defining characteristics of mammals.", "Hair __knowledge__ The human body, apart from areas of glabrous skin, is covered in follicles which produce thick terminal and fine vellus hair.", "Hair __knowledge__ Most common interest in hair is focused on hair growth, hair types and hair care, but hair is also an important biomaterial primarily composed of protein, notably alpha-keratin.", "Hair __knowledge__ Attitudes towards different hair, such as hairstyles and hair removal, vary widely across different cultures and historical periods, but it is often used to indicate a person's personal beliefs or social position, such as their age, sex, or religion.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ Human evolution is the evolutionary process that led to the emergence of anatomically modern humans, beginning with the evolutionary history of primates – in particular genus \"Homo\" – and leading to the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" as a distinct species of the hominid family, the great apes.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ This process involved the gradual development of traits such as human bipedalism and language.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ The study of human evolution involves many scientific disciplines, including physical anthropology, primatology, archaeology, paleontology, neurobiology, ethology, linguistics, evolutionary psychology, embryology and genetics." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beard __knowledge__ A beard is the collection of hair that grows on the chin and cheeks of humans and some animals.", "Beard __knowledge__ In humans, usually only pubescent or adult males are able to grow beards.", "Beard __knowledge__ From an evolutionary viewpoint the beard is a part of the broader category of androgenic hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ It is a vestigial trait from a time when humans had hair on their face and entire body like the hair on gorillas.", "Beard __knowledge__ The evolutionary loss of hair is pronounced in some populations such as indigenous Americans and some east Asian populations, who have less facial hair, whereas people of European or South Asian ancestry and the Ainu have more facial hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ Societal attitudes toward male beards have varied widely depending on factors such as prevailing cultural-religious traditions and the current era's fashion trends.", "Beard __knowledge__ Some religions (such as Sikhism) have considered a full beard to be essential for all males able to grow one, and mandate it as part of their official dogma.", "Beard __knowledge__ Other cultures, even while not officially mandating it, view a beard as central to a man's virility, exemplifying such virtues as wisdom, strength, sexual prowess and high social status.", "Beard __knowledge__ However, in cultures where facial hair is uncommon (or currently out of fashion), beards may be associated with poor hygiene or a \"savage\", uncivilized, or even dangerous demeanor.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ Facial hair in the military has been at various times common, prohibited, or an integral part of the uniform.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ In the armed forces (and police) of India, Sikhs are allowed to wear full beards as their religion expressly requires followers to do so.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ However, they are specifically required to \"dress up their hair and beard properly\".", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ In fact, in Sikh-only units there are instances of personnel transferred out by the unit Commander for their refusal to wear beard and hair as required by Sikh religion, although no official regulation exists on this.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ Non-Sikh personnel are allowed to grow whiskers and moustaches, with the only regulation being that \"will be of moderate length\".", "Religious symbolism in the United States military __knowledge__ Religious symbolism in the United States military includes the use of religious symbols for military chaplain insignia, uniforms, emblems, flags, and chapels; symbolic gestures, actions, and words used in military rituals and ceremonies; and religious symbols or designations used in areas such as headstones and markers in national cemeteries, and military ID tags (\"dog tags\").", "Religious symbolism in the United States military __knowledge__ Symbolism sometimes includes specific images included or excluded because of religious reasons, choices involving colors with religious significance, and \"religious accommodation\" policies regarding the wear of \"religious apparel\" and \"grooming\" (such as \"unshorn\" hair and beards worn for religious reasons) with military uniforms.", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ In Judaism, shaving with a razor is a prohibition that is based on rabbinic interpretation of Leviticus 19:27, which states, \"You shall not round off the side-growth on your head, or destroy the side-growth of your beard.\"", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ The Mishnah interprets this as a prohibition on using a razor on the beard.", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ This prohibition is further expanded upon in kabbalistic literature.", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ The halakhic prohibition applies to shaving off the \"pe'ot\" (sidelocks) and \"corners of the beard\" by means of a razor.", "Shaving in Judaism __knowledge__ The book of Leviticus in the Torah makes mention of \"corners of the head\", and prohibits the \"marring\" of the \"corners of the beard\", with particular emphasis on priests not \"marring\" the \"corners of the beard\"; as with many other parts of Leviticus, the Book of Ezekiel describes different regulations, stating that the priests should not shave their heads, or let their locks grow long.", "Shaving __knowledge__ Shaving is the removal of hair, by using a razor or any other kind of bladed implement, to slice it down—to the level of the skin or otherwise.", "Shaving __knowledge__ Shaving is most commonly practiced by men to remove their facial hair and by women to remove their leg and underarm hair.", "Shaving __knowledge__ A man is called \"clean-shaven\" if he has had his beard entirely removed.", "Shaving __knowledge__ Both men and women sometimes shave their chest hair, abdominal hair, leg hair, underarm hair, pubic hair, or any other body hair.", "Shaving __knowledge__ Head shaving is much more common among men.", "Shaving __knowledge__ It is often associated with religious practice, the armed forces and some competitive sports such as swimming, running and extreme sports.", "Hair removal __knowledge__ Hair removal, also known as epilation or \"de\"pilation, is the deliberate removal of body hair.", "Hair removal __knowledge__ Hair typically grows all over the human body.", "Hair removal __knowledge__ Hair can become more visible during and after puberty and men tend to have thicker, more visible body hair than women.", "Hair removal __knowledge__ Both men and women have visible hair on the head, eyebrows, eyelashes, armpits, pubic region, arms, and legs; men and some women also have thicker hair on their face, abdomen, back and chest.", "Hair removal __knowledge__ Hair does not generally grow on the lips, the underside of the hands or feet or on certain areas of the genitalia.", "Hair removal __knowledge__ Forms of hair removal are practised for various and mostly cultural, sexual, medical or religious reasons.", "Beard Liberation Front __knowledge__ The Beard Liberation Front (BLF) is a British interest group which campaigns in support of beards and opposes pogonophobic discrimination against those who wear them.", "Beard Liberation Front __knowledge__ It was founded in 1995 by socialist historian Keith Flett who continues to organise and represent the organisation.", "Beard Liberation Front __knowledge__ Apart from its numerous campaigns in support of beards and against pogonophobia in the workplace and discrimination against those who wear beards as part of their religion, it currently hosts the annual Beard of the Year award.", "Beard Liberation Front __knowledge__ On the face of it, the campaign is semi-humorous, with its outwardly frivolous aims, its occasionally outlandish claims of discrimination and conspiracy, and its founder, who is also the spokesman for the Campaign for Real Conkers.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ China has long been a cradle and host to a variety of the most enduring religio-philosophical traditions of the world.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ Confucianism and Taoism, later joined by Buddhism, constitute the \"three teachings\" that have shaped Chinese culture.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ There are no clear boundaries between these intertwined religious systems, which do not claim to be exclusive, and elements of each enrich popular or folk religion.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ The emperors of China claimed the Mandate of Heaven and participated in Chinese religious practices.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, reform-minded officials and intellectuals attacked all religions as \"superstitious\", and since 1949, China has been governed by the Communist Party of China, an atheist institution that prohibits party members from practising religion while in office.", "Holy See–Israel relations __knowledge__ Holy See–Israel relations deals with the diplomatic relations between the Holy See and the State of Israel.", "Holy See–Israel relations __knowledge__ Formal diplomatic relations between the two states were established in 1993 after the adoption of the Fundamental Accord by the two States on 30 December 1993.", "Holy See–Israel relations __knowledge__ A Vatican Nunciature in Israel and an Israeli embassy in Rome were established on 19 January 1994.", "Holy See–Israel relations __knowledge__ From the Vatican's point of view, the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two states is part of the Christian–Jewish reconciliation; and from the Israeli point of view, the normalisation of diplomatic relations.", "Holy See–Israel relations __knowledge__ Prior to the establishment of diplomatic relations, the interests of the Catholic Church in Israel were looked after by the Apostolic Delegate to Jerusalem and Palestine, the Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem and the Custodian of the Holy Land, all of which continue to function.", "Conscription __knowledge__ Conscription, sometimes the draft, is the compulsory enlistment of people in a national service, most often a military service.", "Conscription __knowledge__ Conscription dates back to antiquity and continues in some countries to the present day under various names.", "Conscription __knowledge__ The modern system of near-universal national conscription for young men dates to the French Revolution in the 1790s, where it became the basis of a very large and powerful military.", "Conscription __knowledge__ Most European nations later copied the system in peacetime, so that men at a certain age would serve 1–8 years on active duty and then transfer to the reserve force.", "Conscription __knowledge__ Conscription is controversial for a range of reasons, including conscientious objection to military engagements on religious or philosophical grounds; political objection, for example to service for a disliked government or unpopular war; and ideological objection, for example, to a perceived violation of individual rights.", "World Beard and Moustache Championships __knowledge__ The World Beard and Moustache Championships is a biennial competition hosted by the World Beard and Moustache Association (WBMA), in which men with beards and moustaches display lengthy, highly styled facial hair.", "World Beard and Moustache Championships __knowledge__ Since 2004, the WBMA has been the governing body for the championships.", "World Beard and Moustache Championships __knowledge__ This association is fully responsible for awarding the contest to member clubs.", "World Beard and Moustache Championships __knowledge__ Any club may apply for membership to the WBMA and applications to host an upcoming WBMC will be accepted from established clubs.", "World Beard and Moustache Championships __knowledge__ The first Championship took place in Höfen an der Enz, Germany, in 1990.", "World Beard and Moustache Championships __knowledge__ On September 1, 2007, competitors of the world's most hirsute faces from the UK, America, Germany and other countries convened for the championships in Brighton." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beard __knowledge__ A beard is the collection of hair that grows on the chin and cheeks of humans and some animals.", "Beard __knowledge__ In humans, usually only pubescent or adult males are able to grow beards.", "Beard __knowledge__ From an evolutionary viewpoint the beard is a part of the broader category of androgenic hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ It is a vestigial trait from a time when humans had hair on their face and entire body like the hair on gorillas.", "Beard __knowledge__ The evolutionary loss of hair is pronounced in some populations such as indigenous Americans and some east Asian populations, who have less facial hair, whereas people of European or South Asian ancestry and the Ainu have more facial hair.", "Beard __knowledge__ Societal attitudes toward male beards have varied widely depending on factors such as prevailing cultural-religious traditions and the current era's fashion trends.", "Beard __knowledge__ Some religions (such as Sikhism) have considered a full beard to be essential for all males able to grow one, and mandate it as part of their official dogma.", "Beard __knowledge__ Other cultures, even while not officially mandating it, view a beard as central to a man's virility, exemplifying such virtues as wisdom, strength, sexual prowess and high social status.", "Beard __knowledge__ However, in cultures where facial hair is uncommon (or currently out of fashion), beards may be associated with poor hygiene or a \"savage\", uncivilized, or even dangerous demeanor.", "Quantitative genetics __knowledge__ Quantitative genetics is a branch of population genetics that deals with phenotypes that vary continuously (in characters such as height or mass)—as opposed to discretely identifiable phenotypes and gene-products (such as eye-colour, or the presence of a particular biochemical).", "Quantitative genetics __knowledge__ Both branches use the frequencies of different alleles of a gene in breeding populations (gamodemes), and combine them with concepts from simple Mendelian inheritance to analyze inheritance patterns across generations and descendant lines.", "Quantitative genetics __knowledge__ While population genetics can focus on particular genes and their subsequent metabolic products, quantitative genetics focuses more on the outward phenotypes, and makes summaries only of the underlying genetics.", "Allan variance __knowledge__ The Allan variance (AVAR), also known as two-sample variance, is a measure of frequency stability in clocks, oscillators and amplifiers, named after David W. Allan and expressed mathematically as formula_1.", "Allan variance __knowledge__ The Allan deviation (ADEV), also known as sigma-tau, is the square root of Allan variance, formula_2.", "Allan variance __knowledge__ The \"M-sample variance\" is a measure of frequency stability using \"M\" samples, time \"T\" between measures and observation time formula_3.", "Allan variance __knowledge__ \"M\"-sample variance is expressed as The Allan variance is intended to estimate stability due to noise processes and not that of systematic errors or imperfections such as frequency drift or temperature effects.", "Beta distribution __knowledge__ In probability theory and statistics, the beta distribution is a family of continuous probability distributions defined on the interval [0, 1] parametrized by two positive shape parameters, denoted by \"α\" and \"β\", that appear as exponents of the random variable and control the shape of the distribution.", "Beta distribution __knowledge__ The beta distribution has been applied to model the behavior of random variables limited to intervals of finite length in a wide variety of disciplines.", "Beta distribution __knowledge__ In Bayesian inference, the beta distribution is the conjugate prior probability distribution for the Bernoulli, binomial, negative binomial and geometric distributions.", "Variance __knowledge__ In probability theory and statistics, variance is the expectation of the squared deviation of a random variable from its mean.", "Variance __knowledge__ Informally, it measures how far a set of (random) numbers are spread out from their average value.", "Variance __knowledge__ Variance has a central role in statistics, where some ideas that use it include descriptive statistics, statistical inference, hypothesis testing, goodness of fit, and Monte Carlo sampling.", "Variance __knowledge__ Variance is an important tool in the sciences, where statistical analysis of data is common.", "Variance __knowledge__ The variance is the square of the standard deviation, the second central moment of a distribution, and the covariance of the random variable with itself, and it is often represented by formula_1, formula_2, or formula_3.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "List of Bully Beatdown episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes from the MTV show \"Bully Beatdown\".", "List of Bully Beatdown episodes __knowledge__ \"First aired: 22 March 2009\" The victim for the series premier is named Alan, a man who gets bullied by his bigger younger brother.", "List of Bully Beatdown episodes __knowledge__ In his tape, Alan explains that Ryan gets away with bullying him because he is the family favorite.", "List of Bully Beatdown episodes __knowledge__ He also states that in the past Ryan pushed him down a flight of stairs and put his head through a wall.", "List of Bully Beatdown episodes __knowledge__ Another victim named Nick appears in the tape and accuses Ryan of humiliating him and giving him a scar on the forehead by pushing him down some bleachers.", "List of Bully Beatdown episodes __knowledge__ Ryan accepts Mayhem's challenge to fight an MMA fighter.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Moustache __knowledge__ A moustache (; , ) is facial hair grown on the upper lip.", "Moustache __knowledge__ Moustaches can be groomed by trimming and styling with a type of pomade called moustache wax.", "Moustache __knowledge__ The word \"moustache\" is French, and is derived from the Italian \"moustacio\" (fourteenth century), dialectal \"mostaccio\" (16th century), from Medieval Latin \"moustaccium\" (eighth century), Medieval Greek μοστάκιον (\"moustakion\"), attested in the ninth century, which ultimately originates as a diminutive of Hellenistic Greek μύσταξ (\"mustax\", \"mustak-\"), meaning \"upper lip\" or \"facial hair\", probably derived from Hellenistic Greek μύλλον (\"mullon\"), \"lip\".", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ Facial hair in the military has been at various times common, prohibited, or an integral part of the uniform.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ In the armed forces (and police) of India, Sikhs are allowed to wear full beards as their religion expressly requires followers to do so.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ However, they are specifically required to \"dress up their hair and beard properly\".", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ In fact, in Sikh-only units there are instances of personnel transferred out by the unit Commander for their refusal to wear beard and hair as required by Sikh religion, although no official regulation exists on this.", "Facial hair in the military __knowledge__ Non-Sikh personnel are allowed to grow whiskers and moustaches, with the only regulation being that \"will be of moderate length\".", "Body hair __knowledge__ Body hair, or androgenic hair, is the terminal hair that develops on the human body during and after puberty.", "Body hair __knowledge__ It is differentiated from the head hair and less visible vellus hair, which are much finer and lighter in color.", "Body hair __knowledge__ The growth of androgenic hair is related to the level of androgens (often referred to as male hormones; due to the production levels in males being higher on average, but it is actually present in both sexes, and therefore is a unisex hormone) in the individual.", "Body hair __knowledge__ From childhood onward, regardless of sex, vellus hair covers almost the entire area of the human body.", "Body hair __knowledge__ Exceptions include the lips; the backs of the ears; the palms of hands; the soles of the feet; certain external genital areas; the navel; and scar tissue.", "Facial hair __knowledge__ Facial hair is hair grown on the face, usually on the chin, cheeks, and upper lip region.", "Facial hair __knowledge__ It is typically a secondary sex characteristic of human males.", "Facial hair __knowledge__ Men typically start developing facial hair in the later years of puberty or adolescence, between seventeen and twenty years of age, and most do not finish developing a full adult beard until their early twenties or later.", "Facial hair __knowledge__ This varies, as boys may first develop facial hair between fourteen and sixteen years of age, and boys as young as eleven have been known to develop facial hair.", "Facial hair __knowledge__ Women are also capable of developing facial hair, especially after menopause, though typically significantly less than men.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence () is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to legal adulthood (age of majority).", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years, but its physical, psychological or cultural expressions may begin earlier and end later.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ For example, puberty now typically begins during preadolescence, particularly in females.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Physical growth (particularly in males), and cognitive development can extend into the early twenties.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Thus age provides only a rough marker of adolescence, and scholars have found it difficult to agree upon a precise definition of adolescence.", "Hair removal __knowledge__ Hair removal, also known as epilation or \"de\"pilation, is the deliberate removal of body hair.", "Hair removal __knowledge__ Hair typically grows all over the human body.", "Hair removal __knowledge__ Hair can become more visible during and after puberty and men tend to have thicker, more visible body hair than women.", "Hair removal __knowledge__ Both men and women have visible hair on the head, eyebrows, eyelashes, armpits, pubic region, arms, and legs; men and some women also have thicker hair on their face, abdomen, back and chest.", "Hair removal __knowledge__ Hair does not generally grow on the lips, the underside of the hands or feet or on certain areas of the genitalia.", "Hair removal __knowledge__ Forms of hair removal are practised for various and mostly cultural, sexual, medical or religious reasons." ] ]

[ 2, 4, 7, 9, 1 ]

[ "Nice! Im going to guess that you are a male because in humans at least, only males are able to grow beards!", "That is remarkable! The beard comes from a vstigial trait from way back when humans had hair on their face like the hair on gorillas!", "Yes! Some religions even consider a full beard to be essential for every male to have and mandate them to grow one!", "Right? Also in some cultures where facial hair is uncommon its associated with poor hygiene or being a 'savage'", "I agree! Its really cool! I think when people shape their beards in different ways is really interesting as well!" ]

[ "Beard", "Beard", "Beard", "Beard", "Beard" ]

[ "Cat\nI have two cats they are really nice", "mine are inside/outside I live in the country ", "yes they are good company but my female is a better hunter than my male", "eh sometimes but they are mostly quiet unless I have treats then they get very loud", "no my female is a black tortoise shell calico though I doubt shes full blooded and my male is just an alley cat" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats can hear sounds too faint or too high in frequency for human ears, such as those made by mice and other small animals.", "Cat __knowledge__ They can see in near darkness.", "Cat __knowledge__ Like most other mammals, cats have poorer color vision and a better sense of smell than humans.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats, despite being solitary hunters, are a social species and cat communication includes the use of a variety of vocalizations (mewing, purring, trilling, hissing, growling, and grunting), as well as cat pheromones and types of cat-specific body language.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats have a high breeding rate.", "Cat __knowledge__ Under controlled breeding, they can be bred and shown as registered pedigree pets, a hobby known as cat fancy.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Kilkenny cat __knowledge__ The term Kilkenny cat refers to anyone who is a tenacious fighter.", "Kilkenny cat __knowledge__ The origin of the term is now lost so there are many stories purporting to give the true meaning.", "Kilkenny cat __knowledge__ To \"fight like a Kilkenny cat\" refers to an old story about two cats who fought to the death and ate each other up such that only their tails were left.", "Kilkenny cat __knowledge__ There is also a limerick (with optional added couplet) about the two cats: The story has many roots.", "Kilkenny cat __knowledge__ The earliest suggested origin is that according to Irish legend, the monster cat Banghaisgidheach made its home in Dunmore Caves in Kilkenny County, about 6 miles north of Kilkenny city.", "Food and drink in Birmingham __knowledge__ As with any large town or city, food and drink has played an important role in the commerce and culture of Birmingham, England.", "Food and drink in Birmingham __knowledge__ Birmingham soup - In the late 18th century poor harvests in England resulted in high food prices and the resultant opening of soup kitchens to provide cheap, nourishing food for the poor.", "Food and drink in Birmingham __knowledge__ In 1793 the inventor and industrialist, Matthew Boulton, noted a recipe in one of his notebooks for a soup was which intended to be sold for a penny a quart.", "Food and drink in Birmingham __knowledge__ This was a hearty broth made up of stewed beef and vegetables served with a slice of bread.", "Food and drink in Birmingham __knowledge__ In 2014 Glynn Purnell recreated the dish as a fine dining course and served it at his restaurant, \"Purnell's\".", "Trap Happy __knowledge__ Trap Happy is a 1946 American one-reel animated cartoon and is the 25th \"Tom and Jerry\" short directed by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera and produced by Fred Quimby.", "Trap Happy __knowledge__ It was animated by Ed Barge, Kenneth Muse, Michael Lah, Ray Patterson and Pete Burness.", "Trap Happy __knowledge__ The music was composed by Scott Bradley.", "Trap Happy __knowledge__ It was released to theaters on June 29, 1946.", "Trap Happy __knowledge__ It was re-issued on March 6, 1954.", "Trap Happy __knowledge__ It is one of Tom and Jerry's most violent cartoons.", "Trap Happy __knowledge__ Jerry Mouse is being chased down the steps by Tom Cat.", "Trap Happy __knowledge__ Jerry hides under a chair and Tom runs under it, but gets smacked on the bottom with a board from Jerry.", "Trap Happy __knowledge__ Jerry's mouse hole is then mined with dynamite, but unknowingly for Tom, Jerry has lit another firework under him, and both explode.", "Iriomote cat __knowledge__ The Iriomote cat (\"Prionailurus bengalensis iriomotensis\") is a subspecies of the leopard cat that lives exclusively on the Japanese island of Iriomote.", "Iriomote cat __knowledge__ It has been listed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List since 2008, as the only population comprises fewer than 250 adult individuals and is considered declining.", "Iriomote cat __knowledge__ As of 2007, there were an estimated 100–109 individuals remaining.", "Iriomote cat __knowledge__ In Japanese, it is called .", "Iriomote cat __knowledge__ In local dialects of the Yaeyama language, it is known as , , and .", "Iriomote cat __knowledge__ The fur of the Iriomote cat is mostly dark gray and light brown, with lighter hair on the belly and insides of the limbs.", "Think Think and Ah Tsai __knowledge__ Think Think () and Ah Tsai () are two cats belonging to the President of Taiwan, Dr. Tsai Ing-wen.", "Think Think and Ah Tsai __knowledge__ The former law professor was elected President on 16 January 2016, and assumed office on 20 May 2016.", "Think Think and Ah Tsai __knowledge__ She is one of the first women elected to lead an Asian state without coming from a political dynasty, and the first to officially govern a Chinese-speaking nation since Empress Wu Zetian in the eighth century.", "Think Think and Ah Tsai __knowledge__ \"Think Think\" was adopted by Tsai in 2012, after being brought to her as a homeless kitten by Hsiao Bi-khim, a legislator in Taiwan's Democratic Progressive Party.", "Think Think and Ah Tsai __knowledge__ Hsiao had found the kitten on a muddy road by a railway station near Hualien after Typhoon Saola.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ Sarah Louise Platt (also Tilsley and Grimshaw) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera \"Coronation Street\".", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ She was born on-screen during the episode broadcast on 2 February 1987.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ She was played by Leah King in 1987 and by Lynsay King from 1987 until 8 October 1999 when King opted to leave to focus on her education.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ Tina O'Brien took over the role on 31 October 1999; she opted to leave in 2007 and made her final on-screen appearance on 30 December 2007.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ A number of false rumours about O'Brien returning to the role surfaced during her absence from the serial.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ In October 2014, it was announced that O'Brien was going to reprise the role, she returned to filming in February 2015 and returned on screen on 30 March 2015." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats can hear sounds too faint or too high in frequency for human ears, such as those made by mice and other small animals.", "Cat __knowledge__ They can see in near darkness.", "Cat __knowledge__ Like most other mammals, cats have poorer color vision and a better sense of smell than humans.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats, despite being solitary hunters, are a social species and cat communication includes the use of a variety of vocalizations (mewing, purring, trilling, hissing, growling, and grunting), as well as cat pheromones and types of cat-specific body language.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats have a high breeding rate.", "Cat __knowledge__ Under controlled breeding, they can be bred and shown as registered pedigree pets, a hobby known as cat fancy.", "Sago Mine disaster __knowledge__ The Sago Mine disaster was a coal mine explosion on January 2, 2006, at the Sago Mine in Sago, West Virginia, United States, near the Upshur County seat of Buckhannon.", "Sago Mine disaster __knowledge__ The blast and collapse trapped 13 miners for nearly two days; only one survived.", "Sago Mine disaster __knowledge__ It was the worst mining disaster in the United States since the Jim Walter Resources Mine disaster in Alabama on September 23, 2001, and the worst disaster in West Virginia since the 1968 Farmington Mine disaster.", "Sago Mine disaster __knowledge__ It was exceeded four years later by the Upper Big Branch Mine disaster, also a coal mine explosion in West Virginia, which killed 29 miners in April 2010.", "Colorado Labor Wars __knowledge__ The Colorado labor wars were a series of labor strikes in 1903 and 1904 in the US state of Colorado, by gold and silver miners and mill workers represented by the Western Federation of Miners (WFM).", "Colorado Labor Wars __knowledge__ Opposing the WFM were associations of mine owners and businessmen at each location, supported by the Colorado state government.", "Colorado Labor Wars __knowledge__ The strikes were notable and controversial for the accompanying violence, and the imposition of martial law by the Colorado National Guard in order to put down the strikes.", "Colorado Labor Wars __knowledge__ A nearly simultaneous strike in Colorado's northern and southern coal fields was also met with a military response by the Colorado National Guard.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights.", "Greenside Mine __knowledge__ Greenside Mine (sometimes referred to as \"Greenside Lead Mine\") was a successful lead mine in the Lake District of England.", "Greenside Mine __knowledge__ Between 1825 and 1961 the mine produced of lead and of silver, from around 2 million tons of ore. During the 1940s it was the largest producer of lead ore in the UK.", "Greenside Mine __knowledge__ Unusually for a 19th-century metalliferous mine in Britain there are very full records of its activities, dating back to 1825.", "Greenside Mine __knowledge__ The mine probably opened during the second half of the 1700s but had closed by 1819.", "Greenside Mine __knowledge__ In 1825 the Greenside Mining Company was formed and reopened the mine.", "Greenside Mine __knowledge__ They made good profits until 1880, when the price of lead fell.", "Naval mine __knowledge__ A naval mine is a self-contained explosive device placed in water to damage or destroy surface ships or submarines.", "Naval mine __knowledge__ Unlike depth charges, mines are deposited and left to wait until they are triggered by the approach of, or contact with, an enemy vessel.", "Naval mine __knowledge__ Naval mines can be used offensively—to hamper enemy shipping movements or lock vessels into a harbour; or defensively—to protect friendly vessels and create \"safe\" zones.", "Naval mine __knowledge__ Mines can be laid in many ways: by purpose-built minelayers, refitted ships, submarines, or aircraft—and even by dropping them into a harbour by hand.", "Naval mine __knowledge__ They can be inexpensive: some variants can cost as little as US$2000, though more sophisticated mines can cost millions of dollars, be equipped with several kinds of sensors, and deliver a warhead by rocket or torpedo.", "Mineral industry of Africa __knowledge__ The mineral industry of Africa is the largest mineral industries in the world.", "Mineral industry of Africa __knowledge__ Africa is the second largest continent, with 30 million km² of land, which implies large quantities of resources.", "Mineral industry of Africa __knowledge__ For many African countries, mineral exploration and production constitute significant parts of their economies and remain keys to economic growth.", "Mineral industry of Africa __knowledge__ Africa is richly endowed with mineral reserves and ranks first or second in quantity of world reserves of bauxite, cobalt, industrial diamond, phosphate rock, platinum-group metals (PGM), vermiculite, and zirconium.", "Mineral industry of Africa __knowledge__ Gold mining is Africa's main mining resource.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes for \"Deadliest Warrior\".", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ \"Deadliest Warrior\" premiered on April 7, 2009 at 10 pm ET.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Nine one-hour episodes of the show were produced for Season 1.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Season 1 was released on DVD and Blu-ray on May 11, 2010.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Apache team: Alan Tafoya (World Champion Knife Fighter), Snake Blocker (U.S. Army Combat Instructor) Apache weapons: Tomahawk, Knife, Bow & Arrow, War Club Apache armor: Rawhide Shield Apache statistics: \"Height:\" 5 feet, 7 inches \"Weight:\" 140 lbs \"Gear Weight:\" 10 pounds Gladiator team: Chris Torres (Ancient Weapons Specialist), Steven Dietrich (Gladiator Combat Instructor), Chuck Liddell (The Iceman) Gladiator weapons: Cestus, Scissor, Trident & Net, Sling, Sica Gladiator armor: Murmillo Helmet, Wooden Shield Gladiator statistics: \"Height:\" 5 feet, 8 inches \"Weight\": 185 lbs \"Gear Weight\": Ranges from 10 lbs to 38 lbs Reenactment 1 The Apache is seen walking in a grassy field.", "Public finance __knowledge__ Public finance is the study of the role of the government in the economy.", "Public finance __knowledge__ It is the branch of economics which assesses the government revenue and government expenditure of the public authorities and the adjustment of one or the other to achieve desirable effects and avoid undesirable ones.", "Public finance __knowledge__ The purview of public finance is considered to be threefold: governmental effects on (1) efficient allocation of resources, (2) distribution of income, and (3) macroeconomic stabilization.", "Public finance __knowledge__ The proper role of government provides a starting point for the analysis of public finance.", "Public finance __knowledge__ In theory, under certain circumstances, private markets will allocate goods and services among individuals efficiently (in the sense that no waste occurs and that individual tastes are matching with the economy's productive abilities).", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ Warriors is a series of novels published by HarperCollins; it is written by authors Kate Cary, Cherith Baldry, Tui Sutherland, with the plot developed by editor Victoria Holmes, who collectively use the pseudonym Erin Hunter.", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ The series follows the adventures of four Clans of wild cats—ThunderClan, ShadowClan, WindClan, and RiverClan —in their forest and lake homes, who look up to StarClan, their warriors ancestors, and spirits in the stars, who guide the four clans.", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ SkyClan, the long-forgotten fifth Clan of the forest, is later introduced in the stand-alone novel \"Firestar's Quest\".", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ It receives additional focus in the novel \"SkyClan's Destiny\", the manga trilogy \"SkyClan and the Stranger\", and the 2013 novella \"Cloudstar's Journey\".", "Puli __knowledge__ The Puli is a small-medium breed of Hungarian herding and livestock guarding dog known for its long, corded coat.", "Puli __knowledge__ The tight curls of the coat appear similar to dreadlocks.", "Puli __knowledge__ A similar-looking, but much larger breed – also Hungarian – is the Komondor.", "Puli __knowledge__ The term used for a group of Puli is \"Pulik\".", "Puli __knowledge__ The Puli is a solid-colored dog that is usually black.", "Puli __knowledge__ Other less common coat colors are white, gray, or cream (off-white or \"fakó\" in Hungarian).", "Puli __knowledge__ A variety of the cream-coated dogs have black masks.", "Puli __knowledge__ The white Pulis are not albino, nor do they have blue eyes.", "Puli __knowledge__ They commonly have dark pigment, black pads, black noses and black pigment inside the mouth.", "Pet __knowledge__ A pet or companion animal is an animal kept primarily for a person's company, protection, or entertainment rather than as a working animal, livestock, or laboratory animal.", "Pet __knowledge__ Popular pets are often noted for their attractive appearances and their loyal or playful personalities.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets provide their owners (or guardians) both physical and emotional benefits.", "Pet __knowledge__ Walking a dog can supply both the human and pet with exercise, fresh air, and social interaction.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets can give companionship to elderly adults who do not have adequate social interaction with other people, as well as to other people who are living alone.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes from the American animated children's television series, \"Wonder Pets!\".", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ It debuted on March 3, 2006, on the Nick Jr. block of the Nickelodeon cable television network and Noggin (now Nick Jr.) on December 27, 2006.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ 1.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ Save the Dolphin!/Save the Chimp!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Air Date 9/18/06) The Wonder Pets travel to Hawaii to save a baby dolphin caught in a fishing net who is in danger of drowning.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The Wonder Pets rig their Flyboat for space travel and head for the stars to rescue a baby chimp whose spaceship is about to be hit by a meteor!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Fact: Christine Ka'aloa plays the mother dolphin in this first episode.)", "Chłaniów __knowledge__ Chłaniów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żółkiewka, within Krasnystaw County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.", "Chłaniów __knowledge__ It lies approximately south-east of Żółkiewka, south-west of Krasnystaw, and south-east of the regional capital Lublin.", "Chłaniów __knowledge__ On July 23, 1944, as revenge for the killing of an SS officer, the village of Chłaniów, together with nearby Władysławin, was burned down by the Ukrainian Self-Defense Legion.", "Chłaniów __knowledge__ Overall, 44 residents died in the two villages.", "Chłaniów __knowledge__ One of the officers ordering the attack was allegedly Michael Karkoc, who is as of 2013 living openly in Minnesota, USA." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats can hear sounds too faint or too high in frequency for human ears, such as those made by mice and other small animals.", "Cat __knowledge__ They can see in near darkness.", "Cat __knowledge__ Like most other mammals, cats have poorer color vision and a better sense of smell than humans.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats, despite being solitary hunters, are a social species and cat communication includes the use of a variety of vocalizations (mewing, purring, trilling, hissing, growling, and grunting), as well as cat pheromones and types of cat-specific body language.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats have a high breeding rate.", "Cat __knowledge__ Under controlled breeding, they can be bred and shown as registered pedigree pets, a hobby known as cat fancy.", "Artemis __knowledge__ Artemis (; \"Artemis\", ) was one of the most widely venerated of the Ancient Greek deities.", "Artemis __knowledge__ Her Roman equivalent is Diana.", "Artemis __knowledge__ Some scholars believe that the name, and indeed the goddess herself, was originally pre-Greek.", "Artemis __knowledge__ Homer refers to her as \"Artemis Agrotera, Potnia Theron\": \"Artemis of the wildland, Mistress of Animals\".", "Artemis __knowledge__ The Arcadians believed she was the daughter of Demeter.", "Artemis __knowledge__ In the classical period of Greek mythology, Artemis was often described as the daughter of Zeus and Leto, and the twin sister of Apollo.", "Artemis __knowledge__ She was the Hellenic goddess of the hunt, wild animals, wilderness, childbirth, virginity and protector of young girls, bringing and relieving disease in women; she often was depicted as a huntress carrying a bow and arrows.", "The Dead South __knowledge__ The Dead South is a Canadian folk-bluegrass musical ensemble based in Regina, Saskatchewan.", "The Dead South __knowledge__ The band was initially formed in 2012 as a quartet by Canadians Nate Hilts (vocals, guitar, mandolin), Scott Pringle (guitar, mandolin, vocals), Danny Kenyon (cello, vocals).", "The Dead South __knowledge__ Colton Crawford, on banjo left the band in 2015 and was replaced by studio musician Eliza Mary Doyle.", "The Dead South __knowledge__ Often jokingly referring to themselves as \"Mumford and Sons' Evil Twins\", the band played live venues before releasing their debut five-song 2013 EP, \"The Ocean Went Mad and We Were to Blame\".", "The Dead South __knowledge__ Their 2014 album \"Good Company\" was released by German label Devil Duck Records, and led to significant overseas touring for the next two years.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Brian May __knowledge__ Brian Harold May, (born 19 July 1947) is an English musician, singer, songwriter, astrophysicist, and photographer.", "Brian May __knowledge__ He is best known as the lead guitarist of the rock band Queen.", "Brian May __knowledge__ He uses a home-built electric guitar called the Red Special.", "Brian May __knowledge__ His compositions for the band include \"We Will Rock You\", \"Tie Your Mother Down\", \"I Want It All\", \"Fat Bottomed Girls\", \"Flash\", \"Hammer to Fall\", \"Save Me\", \"Who Wants to Live Forever\", and \"The Show Must Go On\".", "Brian May __knowledge__ May was a co-founder of Queen with lead singer Freddie Mercury and drummer Roger Taylor, having previously performed with Taylor in the band Smile, which he had joined while he was at university.", "Ferdinand Feichtner __knowledge__ Ferdinand Feichtner (* 3 February 1908 in Augsburg, Bavaria) was a German, Luftwaffe radar and radio intercept specialist, before and during the time of World War II and who became Chief Signals Officer of the Luftnachrichten Abteilung 352, the Signals intelligence agency, whose task was the mapping and interception of communication intelligence of Allied Air Forces in the Mediterranean area.", "Ferdinand Feichtner __knowledge__ Ferdinand Feichtner was responsible for a number of innovations in cryptanalysis, radio, radar, D/F and communication intelligence during the interwar period.", "Ferdinand Feichtner __knowledge__ Note:This article has been largly written by Feichtner, with some updates to change the voice, and respect to modernity.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Brian Jacques' fantasy series \"Redwall\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the Abbey Warriors from the books \"The Legend of Luke\" to \"Eulalia!\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Martin I is an anthropomorphic mouse, appearing in the \"Redwall\" series by Brian Jacques.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Known as \"Martin the Warrior\" throughout the Redwall series, Martin, a woodland mouse, is the son of Luke the Warrior and his mate Sayna.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke is the kindly leader of an idyllic tribe of mice.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Their settlement is sacked by a wicked stoat pirate named Vilu Daskar, and Sayna is killed.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke vows revenge against the corsair captain and sets out after him, refusing Martin's wishes to join him, but leaving his sword in his son's possession.", "Vermin (comics) __knowledge__ Vermin (Edward Whelan) is a fictional character, a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Vermin (comics) __knowledge__ The character's first appearance was in \"Captain America\" #272 (August 1982).", "Vermin (comics) __knowledge__ He was created by J. M. DeMatteis and Mike Zeck.", "Vermin (comics) __knowledge__ Edward Whelan suffered severe physical and sexual abuse as a child from his father.", "Vermin (comics) __knowledge__ As an adult, he became a geneticist working for Baron Helmut Zemo and Primus I (who was impersonating Arnim Zola).", "Vermin (comics) __knowledge__ In an experiment with the Primus/Arnim Zola imposter, his skin becomes a light pinkish fur color and he ends up resembling a cannibalistic, humanoid rat.", "Kraven's Last Hunt __knowledge__ \"Kraven's Last Hunt\" (also known as \"Fearful Symmetry\") is a comic book storyline by J.M.", "Kraven's Last Hunt __knowledge__ DeMatteis and Mike Zeck published in 1987, featuring the final battle between Marvel Comics characters Kraven the Hunter and Spider-Man.", "Kraven's Last Hunt __knowledge__ The story was originally published in \"Web of Spider-Man\" #31-32, \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #293-294, and \"The Spectacular Spider-Man\" #131-132.", "Kraven's Last Hunt __knowledge__ In the mid-1980s, John Marc DeMatteis proposed a Wonder Man limited series involving his half-brother, Grim Reaper, in which Wonder Man is buried and ultimately crawls out of the grave.", "Kraven's Last Hunt __knowledge__ Tom DeFalco turned down the proposal.", "Kraven's Last Hunt __knowledge__ Years later, DeMatteis reworked the scene of a hero coming out of the grave into a Batman story exploring what would happen if the Joker actually killed Batman.", "Joël Vermin __knowledge__ Joël Vermin (born 5 February 1992) is a Swiss professional ice hockey winger who is currently playing for Lausanne HC of the National League (NL).", "Joël Vermin __knowledge__ Vermin was selected by the Tampa Bay Lightning in the 7th round (186th overall) of the 2013 NHL Entry Draft.", "Joël Vermin __knowledge__ Vermin made his National League A debut in Switzerland with SC Bern during the 2009–10 season.", "Joël Vermin __knowledge__ On 17 September 2013, Vermin was signed to a three-year, entry-level contract with the Tampa Bay Lightning.", "Joël Vermin __knowledge__ Vermin in his first season of professional hockey was loaned to SC Bern for the season.", "Joël Vermin __knowledge__ In 55 games that season Vermin recorded 22 points in 55 games.", "Bedlington Terrier __knowledge__ The Bedlington Terrier is a breed of small dog named after the mining town of Bedlington, Northumberland in North East England.", "Bedlington Terrier __knowledge__ Originally bred to hunt vermin in mines, the Bedlington Terrier has since been used in dog racing, numerous dog sports, as well as in conformation shows and as a companion dog.", "Bedlington Terrier __knowledge__ It is closely related to the Dandie Dinmont Terrier, Whippet and Otterhound.", "Bedlington Terrier __knowledge__ It is described as a very versatile yet contradictory dog, being both good with children and \"fit to kill any other dog of his weight\".", "Bedlington Terrier __knowledge__ They have powerful swimming skills, comparable to those of water dogs such as the Newfoundland, and are noted for being very quick and having high endurance.", "The Taggerung __knowledge__ The Taggerung is a fantasy novel by Brian Jacques, published in 2001.", "The Taggerung __knowledge__ It is the 14th book in the \"Redwall\" series.", "The Taggerung __knowledge__ Sawney Rath, ferret chief of the Juska tribe is hatching a plan.", "The Taggerung __knowledge__ His seer has prophesized that a Taggerung has been born, a legendary creature with extraordinary fighting skills – superior to all others in strength, fleetness of foot and stealth.", "The Taggerung __knowledge__ Sawney is determined to hunt the babe down, raise him as his own and bring glory to the Juska clan.", "The Taggerung __knowledge__ But there is more.", "The Taggerung __knowledge__ The seer has seen a hawk strike a dove in the air, their cries giving out a bell-like sound.", "The Taggerung __knowledge__ Sawney demands to know what this omen means." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats can hear sounds too faint or too high in frequency for human ears, such as those made by mice and other small animals.", "Cat __knowledge__ They can see in near darkness.", "Cat __knowledge__ Like most other mammals, cats have poorer color vision and a better sense of smell than humans.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats, despite being solitary hunters, are a social species and cat communication includes the use of a variety of vocalizations (mewing, purring, trilling, hissing, growling, and grunting), as well as cat pheromones and types of cat-specific body language.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats have a high breeding rate.", "Cat __knowledge__ Under controlled breeding, they can be bred and shown as registered pedigree pets, a hobby known as cat fancy.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of all 90 television episodes from the British television series \"All Creatures Great and Small\".", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ Dates shown are original broadcast dates on BBC One.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The core quartet of characters — James Herriot, Siegfried Farnon, Tristan Farnon and Helen Herriot (née Alderson) — appear, unless otherwise stated.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ James and Siegfried are the only two characters to appear in every episode.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ Tristan appears in 65 episodes, Helen in 87.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The final appearances of regular cast members are also noted.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The opening credits, filmed in 1977 for the first three series, feature Siegfried and James driving around the Dales and, at one point, sharing a laugh in the car.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Duke Lavery __knowledge__ Duke Lavery is a fictional character from \"General Hospital\", an American soap opera on the ABC network.", "Duke Lavery __knowledge__ Portrayed by Ian Buchanan, the role was created by executive producer Gloria Monty and co-head writer Norma Monty, Duke is introduced as the mysterious owner of a local night club who falls in love with police chief Anna Devane (Finola Hughes).", "Duke Lavery __knowledge__ Unbeknownst to the rest of Port Charles, Duke is laundering money for the mob but when his criminal ties cost him Anna, he teams with her ex-husband Robert Scorpio (Tristan Rogers) to bring down the mob.", "Duke Lavery __knowledge__ Duke and Anna's romance becomes quite popular among fans achieving supercouple status and rivaling Anna's romance with Robert.", "Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say) __knowledge__ \"Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say)\" is a song by American singer Lady Gaga, from her debut album, \"The Fame\" (2008).", "Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say) __knowledge__ It was released as the third single in Australia, New Zealand and selected European countries, and the fourth single in France.", "Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say) __knowledge__ The song is a calypso-styled, mid-tempo ballad, and is about breaking up with one's old partner and finding someone new.", "Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say) __knowledge__ Although \"Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say)\" was never released as a single in her home country, it received mostly negative reviews from US-based critics, who denoted it as \"dry and lifeless\", blaming it for halting the \"bad-girl party atmosphere\" of \"The Fame\".", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Motril __knowledge__ Motril () is a town and municipality on the Mediterranean coast in the province of Granada, Spain.", "Motril __knowledge__ It is the second largest town in the province, with a population of 60.368 as of 2016.", "Motril __knowledge__ The town is located near the Guadalfeo River and from Granada.", "Motril __knowledge__ The council of Motril includes the city of Motril and the neighbourhoods of El Varadero, Torrenueva, Carchuna, Calahonda, Puntalón, Playa Granada, Las Ventillas, La Perla, La Garnatilla and La Chucha.", "Motril __knowledge__ The town is the capital of the region of the Coast of Granada.", "Motril __knowledge__ King Baudouin of Belgium died in Motril of heart failure during a visit to their summer residence, \"Villa Astrida\" in 1993.", "Cat communication __knowledge__ Cat communication is the transfer of information by one or more cats that has an effect on the current or future behaviour of another animal, including humans.", "Cat communication __knowledge__ Cats use a range of communication modalities including vocal, visual, tactile and olfactory.", "Cat communication __knowledge__ The communication modalities used by domestic cats have been affected by domestication.", "Cat communication __knowledge__ Cat vocalisations have been categorised according to a range of characteristics.", "Cat communication __knowledge__ Schötz categorised vocalizations according to 3 mouth actions: (1) sounds produced with the mouth closed (murmurs), including the purr, the trill and the chirrup, (2) sounds produced with the mouth open and gradually closing, comprising a large variety of meows with similar vowel patterns, and (3) sounds produced with the mouth held tensely open in the same position, often uttered in aggressive situations (growls, yowls, snarls, hisses, spits and shrieks).", "Meow Mix __knowledge__ Meow Mix is a variety of dry and wet cat food known for its advertising jingle.", "Meow Mix __knowledge__ It is a product of The J.M.", "Meow Mix __knowledge__ Smucker Company as of March 23, 2015.", "Meow Mix __knowledge__ Meow Mix was introduced in 1974 and sells many flavors, including Original Choice, Seafood Medley, among many others.", "Meow Mix __knowledge__ It also is known for selling Alley Cat dry cat food.", "Meow Mix __knowledge__ Their current slogan is \"It's all about the mix\".", "Meow Mix __knowledge__ The Meow Mix Company operates from a facility in Decatur, Alabama and produces Alley Cat brand cat food products.", "Meow Mix __knowledge__ Originally a product of Ralston Purina, Meow Mix was divested for antitrust reasons in the early 2000s.", "Meow Mix __knowledge__ The brand was acquired by Del Monte Foods in May, 2006.", "Señor Don Gato __knowledge__ \"Señor Don Gato\" is a children's song about a cat who is sitting on a roof when he discovers that his true love has agreed to marry him.", "Señor Don Gato __knowledge__ In his excitement, he falls off and injures himself.", "Señor Don Gato __knowledge__ The veterinarian is unable to save him and he dies.", "Señor Don Gato __knowledge__ However, as his funeral procession passes through the market, the scent of fish from the market is so strong that he returns to life.", "Señor Don Gato __knowledge__ This English version, by Margaret Marks, is familiar to generations of school-age children in North America due to its inclusion in Making Music Your Own, Grade 3 (copyright 1964 by the Silver Burdett Company).", "Señor Don Gato __knowledge__ The lyrics are loosely translated from the traditional Spanish song \"Estaba el señor Don Gato\", but the melody is from a different song, \"Ahora Que Vamos Despacio\".", "Meow (cat) __knowledge__ Meow ( 2010 – May 5, 2012), also known as Meow the obese cat, was a male domestic cat who attracted international attention when an animal shelter publicized efforts to slim him down, in an attempt to have him adopted.", "Meow (cat) __knowledge__ However, Meow died of lung failure two weeks after entering the animal shelter, on May 5, 2012.", "Meow (cat) __knowledge__ He was the world's heaviest cat at his time of death, weighing .", "Meow (cat) __knowledge__ Domestic cats are similar in size to the other members of the genus \"Felis\", typically weighing between and .", "Meow (cat) __knowledge__ However, Meow weighed , making him the heaviest cat in the world at the time, although not the heaviest on record.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the \"Tom and Jerry\" cartoon short series.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters did not appear in all of the movies.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Tom (named \"Jasper\" in his debut appearance) is a grey and white domestic shorthair cat.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ \"Tom\" is a generic name for a male cat.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ He is usually but not always, portrayed as living a comfortable, or even pampered life, while Jerry (named \"Jinx\" in his debut appearance) is a small, brown, house mouse who always lives in close proximity to Tom.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Despite being very energetic, determined and much larger, Tom is no match for Jerry's wits.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Jerry also possesses surprising strength for his size, approximately the equivalent of Tom's, lifting items such as anvils with relative ease and withstanding considerable impacts.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats can hear sounds too faint or too high in frequency for human ears, such as those made by mice and other small animals.", "Cat __knowledge__ They can see in near darkness.", "Cat __knowledge__ Like most other mammals, cats have poorer color vision and a better sense of smell than humans.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats, despite being solitary hunters, are a social species and cat communication includes the use of a variety of vocalizations (mewing, purring, trilling, hissing, growling, and grunting), as well as cat pheromones and types of cat-specific body language.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats have a high breeding rate.", "Cat __knowledge__ Under controlled breeding, they can be bred and shown as registered pedigree pets, a hobby known as cat fancy.", "Cultural depictions of turtles __knowledge__ Turtles are frequently depicted in popular culture as easygoing, patient, and wise creatures.", "Cultural depictions of turtles __knowledge__ Due to their long lifespan, slow movement, sturdiness, and wrinkled appearance, they are an emblem of longevity and stability in many cultures around the world.", "Cultural depictions of turtles __knowledge__ Turtles are regularly incorporated into human culture, with painters, photographers, poets, songwriters, and sculptors using them as subjects.", "Cultural depictions of turtles __knowledge__ They have an important role in mythologies around the world, and are often implicated in creation myths regarding the origin of the Earth.", "Cultural depictions of turtles __knowledge__ Sea turtles are a charismatic megafauna and are used as symbols of the marine environment and environmentalism.", "Alley Cat Allies __knowledge__ Alley Cat Allies (incorporated on October 6, 1991) is a nonprofit advocacy organization whose mission is to transform and develop communities to protect and improve the lives of cats.", "Alley Cat Allies __knowledge__ The organization advocates for reform of public policies and institutions to better serve the interests of cats and develops educational materials on feral cats and trap-neuter-return.", "Alley Cat Allies __knowledge__ The organization is based in Bethesda, Maryland.", "Alley Cat Allies __knowledge__ Alley Cat Allies specialize in stray and feral cat advocacy and provides extensive information on Trap-Neuter-Return, the only method of managing feral cat populations the organization considers humane and effective.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the \"Tom and Jerry\" cartoon short series.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters did not appear in all of the movies.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Tom (named \"Jasper\" in his debut appearance) is a grey and white domestic shorthair cat.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ \"Tom\" is a generic name for a male cat.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ He is usually but not always, portrayed as living a comfortable, or even pampered life, while Jerry (named \"Jinx\" in his debut appearance) is a small, brown, house mouse who always lives in close proximity to Tom.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Despite being very energetic, determined and much larger, Tom is no match for Jerry's wits.", "List of Tom and Jerry characters __knowledge__ Jerry also possesses surprising strength for his size, approximately the equivalent of Tom's, lifting items such as anvils with relative ease and withstanding considerable impacts.", "Galápagos tortoise __knowledge__ The Galápagos tortoise complex or Galápagos giant tortoise complex (\"Chelonoidis nigra\") are the largest living species of tortoise.", "Galápagos tortoise __knowledge__ Modern Galápagos tortoises can weigh up to .", "Galápagos tortoise __knowledge__ Today, giant tortoises exist only on two remote archipelagos: the Galápagos Islands 1000 km due west of mainland Ecuador, and Aldabra in the Indian Ocean, 700 km east of Tanzania.", "Galápagos tortoise __knowledge__ The Galápagos tortoises are native to seven of the Galápagos Islands, a volcanic archipelago about west of the Ecuadorian mainland.", "Galápagos tortoise __knowledge__ With lifespans in the wild of over 100 years, it is one of the longest-lived vertebrates.", "Galápagos tortoise __knowledge__ A captive individual lived at least 170 years.", "Flyglobespan __knowledge__ Flyglobespan was a UK low-cost airline based in Edinburgh, UK.", "Flyglobespan __knowledge__ It operated scheduled services from five airports across the UK and Ireland to destinations in Europe, North America, North Africa and South Africa.", "Flyglobespan __knowledge__ Its main bases were Glasgow International Airport, Edinburgh Airport and Aberdeen Airport.", "Flyglobespan __knowledge__ The airline's slogan was \"Award-winning airline\".", "Flyglobespan __knowledge__ It went into administration due to financial problems and the airline declared bankruptcy on 16 December 2009.", "Flyglobespan __knowledge__ Because of the administration, Flyglobespan cancelled all of its scheduled flights.", "Flyglobespan __knowledge__ On 14 December 2010, the business was declared to be in liquidation.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Trap-neuter-return (TNR) is a type of program through which free-roaming cats are trapped, sterilized (males are castrated and females undergo ovo-hysterectomies), and returned to the outdoor locations where they were found.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ If those locations are deemed unsafe or otherwise inappropriate, the cats may be relocated (barn/farmyard homes are often considered ideal).", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Kittens young enough to be socialized and friendly adult cats may be placed in foster care for eventual adoption into homes as companion animals rather than returned to the outdoors.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Cats found suffering with terminal, untreatable, and/or contagious illnesses or injuries are often euthanized.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ Red tortoise cake () is a small round or oval shaped Chinese pastry with soft sticky glutinous rice flour skin wrapped around a sweet filling in the centre.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ It is molded to resemble a tortoise shell and is presented resting on a square piece of banana leaf.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ As suggested by its name, red tortoise cakes are traditionally red in color and has a sticky chewy texture when eaten.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ Red tortoise cakes are shaped like tortoise shells because the Chinese traditionally believed that eating tortoises would bring longevity to those who are eating it and bring about good fortune and prosperity.", "Red tortoise cake __knowledge__ Considered to be auspicious items, these sweet pastries are especially prepared during important festivals such as Chinese New Year as offerings to the Chinese deities.", "Persian cat __knowledge__ The Persian cat (Persian: گربه ایرانی \"Gorbe Irâni\") is a long-haired breed of cat characterized by its round face and short muzzle.", "Persian cat __knowledge__ It is also known as the Persian Longhair.", "Persian cat __knowledge__ In the Middle East they are widely known as \"Iranian cat\" and in Iran they are known as \"Shirazi cat\".", "Persian cat __knowledge__ The first documented ancestors of the Persian were imported into Italy from Iran (Persia) around 1620.", "Persian cat __knowledge__ The exact history of the Persian cat does seem to be a bit of a mystery but many of these long-haired cats were seen in hieroglyphics.", "Persian cat __knowledge__ The story has it that these long-haired cats were then imported into Europe as their popularity grew and breeding took place in Italy and France.", "Farm cat __knowledge__ The farm cat, also known as a barn cat, is a domestic cat, usually of mixed breed, that lives primarily out-of-doors, in a feral or semi-feral condition on agricultural properties, usually sheltering in outbuildings.", "Farm cat __knowledge__ They eat assorted vermin such as rodents and other small animals that live in or around outbuildings and farm fields.", "Farm cat __knowledge__ The need for the farm cat may have been the original reason cats were domesticated, to keep rodents from consuming or contaminating grain crops stored for later human consumption.", "Farm cat __knowledge__ They are still commonly kept for their effectiveness at controlling undesired vermin found on farms and ranches, which would otherwise eat or contaminate crops, especially grain or feed stocks.", "Governing Council of the Cat Fancy __knowledge__ The Governing Council of the Cat Fancy (GCCF) is a cat registry, established in 1910 and the largest organisation that registers pedigree cats in the United Kingdom.", "Governing Council of the Cat Fancy __knowledge__ It was formed from a small number of cat clubs which were registering cats at the time when the modern cat fancy was in its first stages.", "Governing Council of the Cat Fancy __knowledge__ It is considered to be the original prototype for cat fancy registries.", "Governing Council of the Cat Fancy __knowledge__ It is an independent body with around 150 member clubs, including specialist breed clubs and area clubs covering particular regions.", "Governing Council of the Cat Fancy __knowledge__ The GCCF became an incorporated company on 5 November 2010.", "Governing Council of the Cat Fancy __knowledge__ It licenses cat shows put on by its affiliated clubs with about 135 shows per year.", "Supreme Cat Show __knowledge__ The Supreme Cat Show is organised every year by the world's oldest cat registry, the Governing Council of the Cat Fancy, or GCCF, and takes place each November at the National Exhibition Centre (NEC), in Birmingham, England.", "Supreme Cat Show __knowledge__ Special awards of UK Champion and Supreme Champion can be gained at this show only.", "Supreme Cat Show __knowledge__ A cat wins each show's \"Best In Show\" award.", "Supreme Cat Show __knowledge__ The first Supreme Cat Show took place in 1976.", "Supreme Cat Show __knowledge__ Until then the GCCF itself did not organise cat shows, but licensed shows put on by the breed clubs and area clubs affiliated to it.", "Supreme Cat Show __knowledge__ The Supreme Cat Show was devised as a special show, only open to cats which had won an open class at another championship show under GCCF rules, much in the same way that Crufts is only open to winning dogs.", "Human interaction with cats __knowledge__ Hundreds of millions of cats are kept as pets around the world.", "Human interaction with cats __knowledge__ Cats have either a mutualistic or commensal relationship with humans.", "Human interaction with cats __knowledge__ Cats are also used in the fur trade, as food, and to control pests.", "Human interaction with cats __knowledge__ Cats and humans evolutionarily diverged from a common ancestor (boreoeutherian ancestor) approximately 80 million years ago, accumulating only 10–12 chromosomal translocations.", "Human interaction with cats __knowledge__ The order of several genes in chromosomes X and Y in cats closely resembles that in humans.", "Human interaction with cats __knowledge__ Cats are common pets in all continents of the world (excluding Antarctica), and their global population is difficult to ascertain, with estimates ranging from anywhere between 200 million to 600 million." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 10, 12, 1 ]

[ "They are often called housecats when kept as indoor pets ", "Oh that’s cool- do they hunt vermin or provide company?", "Cats like to vocalize- do yours meow at each other?Do your cats meow at each orher?", "ACan you show them?www- are they pedigree cats or farm cats?", "Sounds like a good mix even though they are a small and furry pet i dont have one" ]

[ "Cat", "Cat", "Cat", "Cat", "Cat" ]

[ "Game of Thrones", "Yes I love it. I can't wait for the next season!", "I have not, I am not sure if I can handle the complexity of it. How many books are there?", "Do you know how much longer the show will be on?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Game of Thrones is an American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels, the first of which is \"A Game of Thrones\".", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is filmed in Belfast and elsewhere in the United Kingdom, Canada, Croatia, Iceland, Malta, Morocco, Spain, and the United States.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17, 2011, and its seventh season ended on August 27, 2017.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series will conclude with its eighth season premiering in 2019.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Set on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos, \"Game of Thrones\" has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast but centers on three primary story arcs.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The first story arc centers on the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms and follows a web of alliances and conflicts among the dynastic noble families either vying to claim the throne or fighting for independence from the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The second story arc focuses on the last descendant of the realm's deposed ruling dynasty, exiled and plotting a return to the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The third story arc centers on the longstanding brotherhood charged with defending the realm against the ancient threats of the fierce peoples and legendary creatures that lie far north, and an impending winter that threatens the realm." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Game of Thrones is an American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels, the first of which is \"A Game of Thrones\".", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is filmed in Belfast and elsewhere in the United Kingdom, Canada, Croatia, Iceland, Malta, Morocco, Spain, and the United States.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17, 2011, and its seventh season ended on August 27, 2017.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series will conclude with its eighth season premiering in 2019.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Set on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos, \"Game of Thrones\" has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast but centers on three primary story arcs.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The first story arc centers on the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms and follows a web of alliances and conflicts among the dynastic noble families either vying to claim the throne or fighting for independence from the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The second story arc focuses on the last descendant of the realm's deposed ruling dynasty, exiled and plotting a return to the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The third story arc centers on the longstanding brotherhood charged with defending the realm against the ancient threats of the fierce peoples and legendary creatures that lie far north, and an impending winter that threatens the realm.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Bones\".", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ The article deals with the series' main, recurring, and minor characters.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ The following characters have been featured in the opening credits of the program.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Temperance \"Bones\" Brennan (seasons 1–12) works as a forensic anthropologist at the Jeffersonian Institute in Washington, D.C. and is also a best–selling novelist.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ She is nicknamed \"Bones\" by FBI Special Agent Seeley Booth.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Brennan and Booth work together on Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) cases concerning recently found human remains.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Although she is an expert in her field, Brennan is socially awkward and has limited knowledge about pop culture.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ College admissions in the United States refers to the process of applying for entrance to institutions of higher education for undergraduate study at one of the nation's 2,675 schools.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Generally, the college search begins in the student's eleventh grade of high school with most activity taking place during the twelfth grade, although students at top high schools often begin the process during their tenth grade or earlier.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ In addition, there are considerable numbers of students who transfer from one college to another, as well as adults older than high school age who apply to college.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Millions of high school students apply to college each year.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Game of Thrones (season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season of the fantasy drama television series \"Game of Thrones\" premiered on HBO on April 12, and concluded on June 14, 2015.", "Game of Thrones (season 5) __knowledge__ It was broadcast on Sunday at 9:00 pm in the United States, consisting of 10 episodes, each running approximately 50–60 minutes.", "Game of Thrones (season 5) __knowledge__ The season primarily adapts material from \"A Feast for Crows\" and \"A Dance with Dragons\", the fourth and fifth novels in George R. R. Martin's \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" series, though it also uses elements from the third novel, \"A Storm of Swords\", as well as the upcoming sixth novel \"The Winds of Winter\".", "Game of Thrones (season 5) __knowledge__ It also contains original content not found in Martin's novels.", "Game of Thrones (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of the fantasy drama television series \"Game of Thrones\" premiered on HBO on April 17, 2011, at 9.00 pm in the U.S., and concluded on June 19, 2011.", "Game of Thrones (season 1) __knowledge__ It consists of ten episodes, each of approximately 55 minutes.", "Game of Thrones (season 1) __knowledge__ The series is based on \"A Game of Thrones\", the first novel in the \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" series by George R. R. Martin, adapted for television by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "Game of Thrones (season 1) __knowledge__ HBO had ordered a television pilot in November 2008; filming began the following year.", "Game of Thrones (season 1) __knowledge__ However, it was deemed unsatisfactory and later reshot with some roles being recast.", "Game of Thrones (season 1) __knowledge__ In March 2010, HBO ordered the first season, which began filming in July 2010, primarily in Belfast, Northern Ireland, with additional filming in Malta.", "Game of Thrones (season 3) __knowledge__ The third season of the fantasy drama television series \"Game of Thrones\" premiered in the United States on HBO on March 31, 2013, and concluded on June 9, 2013.", "Game of Thrones (season 3) __knowledge__ It was broadcast on Sunday at 9:00 pm in the United States, consisting of 10 episodes, each running approximately 50–60 minutes.", "Game of Thrones (season 3) __knowledge__ The season is based roughly on the first half of \"A Storm of Swords\" (the third of the \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" novels by George R. R. Martin, of which the series is an adaptation).", "Game of Thrones (season 3) __knowledge__ The series is adapted for television by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "Game of Thrones (season 3) __knowledge__ HBO renewed the series for a third season on April 10, 2012, nine days after the second season's premiere.", "The Winds of Winter (Game of Thrones) __knowledge__ \"The Winds of Winter\" is the tenth and final episode of the sixth season of HBO's fantasy television series \"Game of Thrones\", and the sixtieth overall.", "The Winds of Winter (Game of Thrones) __knowledge__ It was written by series co-creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss, and directed by Miguel Sapochnik.", "The Winds of Winter (Game of Thrones) __knowledge__ Cersei Lannister plots to destroy all her immediate enemies with one swift stroke; Arya Stark gets revenge; Jon Snow is declared King in the North by the lords of the Northern houses; Bran Stark learns that Jon is actually the son of Lyanna Stark; Samwell Tarly arrives at the Citadel; and Daenerys Targaryen begins heading to Westeros alongside Tyrion Lannister, her entire army, the Ironborn loyal to Yara Greyjoy, the Tyrells, the Sand Snakes, and her three dragons.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ \"Game of Thrones\" is an American fantasy drama television series created for HBO by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The story takes place on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos, it has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The first story arc follows a dynastic conflict among competing claimants for succession to the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms, with other noble families fighting for independence from the throne.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The second covers attempts to reclaim the throne by the exiled last scion of the realm's deposed ruling dynasty; the third chronicles the threat of the impending winter and the legendary creatures and fierce peoples of the North.", "Game of Thrones (season 4) __knowledge__ The fourth season of the fantasy drama television series \"Game of Thrones\" premiered in the United States on HBO on April 6, 2014, and concluded on June 15, 2014.", "Game of Thrones (season 4) __knowledge__ It was broadcast on Sunday at 9:00 pm in the United States, consisting of 10 episodes, each running approximately 50–60 minutes.", "Game of Thrones (season 4) __knowledge__ The season is adapted primarily from the second half of \"A Storm of Swords\", along with elements of \"A Feast for Crows\" and \"A Dance with Dragons\", all novels from the \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" series by George R. R. Martin.", "Game of Thrones (season 4) __knowledge__ The series is adapted for television by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "Game of Thrones (season 4) __knowledge__ HBO ordered the fourth season on April 2, 2013, which began filming in July 2013." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Game of Thrones is an American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels, the first of which is \"A Game of Thrones\".", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is filmed in Belfast and elsewhere in the United Kingdom, Canada, Croatia, Iceland, Malta, Morocco, Spain, and the United States.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17, 2011, and its seventh season ended on August 27, 2017.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series will conclude with its eighth season premiering in 2019.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Set on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos, \"Game of Thrones\" has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast but centers on three primary story arcs.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The first story arc centers on the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms and follows a web of alliances and conflicts among the dynastic noble families either vying to claim the throne or fighting for independence from the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The second story arc focuses on the last descendant of the realm's deposed ruling dynasty, exiled and plotting a return to the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The third story arc centers on the longstanding brotherhood charged with defending the realm against the ancient threats of the fierce peoples and legendary creatures that lie far north, and an impending winter that threatens the realm.", "Null (SQL) __knowledge__ Null (or NULL) is a special marker used in Structured Query Language to indicate that a data value does not exist in the database.", "Null (SQL) __knowledge__ Introduced by the creator of the relational database model, E. F. Codd, SQL Null serves to fulfil the requirement that all \"true relational database management systems (RDBMS)\" support a representation of \"missing information and inapplicable information\".", "Null (SQL) __knowledge__ Codd also introduced the use of the lowercase Greek omega (ω) symbol to represent Null in database theory.", "Null (SQL) __knowledge__ In SQL, codice_1 is a reserved word used to identify this marker.", "Null (SQL) __knowledge__ This should not be confused with a value of 0.", "Computational complexity theory __knowledge__ Computational complexity theory is a branch of the theory of computation in theoretical computer science that focuses on classifying computational problems according to their inherent difficulty, and relating those classes to each other.", "Computational complexity theory __knowledge__ A computational problem is understood to be a task that is in principle amenable to being solved by a computer, which is equivalent to stating that the problem may be solved by mechanical application of mathematical steps, such as an algorithm.", "Computational complexity theory __knowledge__ A problem is regarded as inherently difficult if its solution requires significant resources, whatever the algorithm used.", "Computational complexity __knowledge__ In computer science, the computational complexity, or simply complexity of an algorithm is the amount of resources required for running it.", "Computational complexity __knowledge__ The computational complexity of a problem is the minimum of the complexities of all possible algorithms for this problem (including the unknown algorithms).", "Computational complexity __knowledge__ As the amount of needed resources varies with the input, the complexity is generally expressed as a function , where is the size of the input, and is either the worst-case complexity, that is the maximum of the amount of resources that are needed for all input of size , or the average-case complexity, that is average of the amount of resources over all input of size .", "Irreducible complexity __knowledge__ Irreducible complexity (IC) is the idea that certain biological systems cannot evolve by successive small modifications to pre-existing functional systems through natural selection.", "Irreducible complexity __knowledge__ Irreducible complexity is central to the creationist concept of intelligent design, but it is rejected by the scientific community, which regards intelligent design as pseudoscience.", "Irreducible complexity __knowledge__ Irreducible complexity is one of two main arguments used by intelligent design proponents, the other being specified complexity.", "Irreducible complexity __knowledge__ The theological argument from design was presented in creation science with assertions that evolution could not explain complex molecular mechanisms, and in 1993 Michael Behe, a professor of biochemistry at Lehigh University, presented these arguments in a revised version of \"Of Pandas and People\".", "UML state machine __knowledge__ UML state machine, also known as UML statechart, is a significantly enhanced realization of the mathematical concept of a finite automaton in computer science applications as expressed in the Unified Modeling Language (UML) notation.", "UML state machine __knowledge__ The concepts behind it are about organizing the way a device, computer program, or other (often technical) process works such that an entity or each of its sub-entities is always in exactly one of a number of possible states and where there are well-defined conditional transitions between these states.", "UML state machine __knowledge__ UML state machine is an object-based variant of Harel statechart, adapted and extended by UML.", "Complexity __knowledge__ Complexity characterises the behaviour of a system or model whose components interact in multiple ways and follow local rules, meaning there is no reasonable higher instruction to define the various possible interactions.", "Complexity __knowledge__ The stem of the word \"complexity\" - \"complex\" - combines the Latin roots \"com\" (meaning \"together\") and \"plex\" (meaning \"woven\").", "Complexity __knowledge__ Contrast \"complicated\" where \"plic\" (meaning \"folded\") refers to many layers.", "Complexity __knowledge__ A complex system is thereby characterised by its inter-dependencies, whereas a complicated system is characterised by its layers.", "Complexity __knowledge__ Complexity is generally used to characterize something with many parts where those parts interact with each other in multiple ways, culminating in a higher order of emergence greater than the sum of its parts.", "Elevator __knowledge__ An elevator (US and Canada) or lift (UK, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand, and South Africa, Nigeria ) is a type of vertical transportation that moves people or goods between floors (levels, decks) of a building, vessel, or other structure.", "Elevator __knowledge__ Elevators/lifts are generally powered by electric motors that either drive traction cables and counterweight systems like a hoist, or pump hydraulic fluid to raise a cylindrical piston like a jack.", "Elevator __knowledge__ In agriculture and manufacturing, an elevator/lift is any type of conveyor device used to lift materials in a continuous stream into bins or silos.", "Elevator __knowledge__ Several types exist, such as the chain and bucket elevator, grain auger screw conveyor using the principle of Archimedes' screw, or the chain and paddles or forks of hay elevators.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He began the first volume of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", in 1991 and had it published in 1996.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin, who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy, has published five out of a planned seven volumes.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011, \"A Dance with Dragons\", took Martin six years to write.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He is still writing the sixth novel, \"The Winds of Winter\".", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place on the fictional continents Westeros and Essos.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The point of view of each chapter in the story is a limited perspective of a range of characters growing from nine, in the first novel, to thirty-one by the fifth.", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ George Raymond Richard Martin (born George Raymond Martin; September 20, 1948), often referred to as George R. R. Martin, is an American novelist and short-story writer in the fantasy, horror, and science fiction genres, screenwriter, and television producer.", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ He is best known for his series of epic fantasy novels, \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", which was later adapted into the HBO series \"Game of Thrones\" (2011–present).", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ In 2005, Lev Grossman of \"Time\" called Martin \"the American Tolkien\", and in 2011, he was included on the annual \"Time\" 100 list of the most influential people in the world.", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ George Raymond Martin (he later adopted the confirmation name Richard at 13 years old) was born on September 20, 1948, in Bayonne, New Jersey, the son of longshoreman Raymond Collins Martin and his wife Margaret Brady Martin.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The following is a list of works based on \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", the series of fantasy novels by George R. R. Martin.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin wrote three separate novellas set ninety years before the events of the novels.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ These novellas are known as the \"Tales of Dunk and Egg\" after the main protagonists, Ser Duncan the Tall and his squire \"Egg\", the later King Aegon V Targaryen.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The stories have no direct connection to the plot of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", although both characters are mentioned in \"A Storm of Swords\" and \"A Feast For Crows\", respectively.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The novellas were published in short story anthologies: The unfinished series of novellas is to continue to be published in a series of collections entitled \"A Knight of the Seven Kingdoms\".", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" is an ongoing series of epic fantasy novels by American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The first installment of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", which was originally planned as a trilogy, was published in 1996.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The series now consists of five published volumes, and two more volumes are planned.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The series is told in the third-person through the eyes of a number of point of view characters.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A television series adaptation, \"Game of Thrones\", premiered on HBO in 2011.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place in a fictional world, primarily on a continent called Westeros, and additionally on a large landmass to the east, known as Essos.", "World of A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The fictional world in which the \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" novels by George R. R. Martin take place is divided into several continents, known collectively as The Known World.", "World of A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Most of the story takes place on the continent Westeros, in a large political entity known as the Seven Kingdoms.", "World of A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The \"Seven Kingdoms\" actually consist of nine regions (the North, the Iron Islands, the Riverlands, the Vale, the Westerlands, the Stormlands, the Reach, the Crownlands, and Dorne), and there is a largely unmapped area to the north, separated from the Seven Kingdoms by a massive wall of ice and old magic.", "World of A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The vast continent of Essos lies to the east of Westeros, across the Narrow Sea." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Game of Thrones is an American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels, the first of which is \"A Game of Thrones\".", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is filmed in Belfast and elsewhere in the United Kingdom, Canada, Croatia, Iceland, Malta, Morocco, Spain, and the United States.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17, 2011, and its seventh season ended on August 27, 2017.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series will conclude with its eighth season premiering in 2019.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Set on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos, \"Game of Thrones\" has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast but centers on three primary story arcs.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The first story arc centers on the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms and follows a web of alliances and conflicts among the dynastic noble families either vying to claim the throne or fighting for independence from the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The second story arc focuses on the last descendant of the realm's deposed ruling dynasty, exiled and plotting a return to the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The third story arc centers on the longstanding brotherhood charged with defending the realm against the ancient threats of the fierce peoples and legendary creatures that lie far north, and an impending winter that threatens the realm.", "For How Much Longer Do We Tolerate Mass Murder? __knowledge__ For How Much Longer Do We Tolerate Mass Murder?", "For How Much Longer Do We Tolerate Mass Murder? __knowledge__ is the second studio album by English post-punk band The Pop Group.", "For How Much Longer Do We Tolerate Mass Murder? __knowledge__ It was released on March 21, 1980, through the record labels Rough Trade and Y.", "For How Much Longer Do We Tolerate Mass Murder? __knowledge__ Initially released to mixed reviews, the album has received critical acclaim in recent years.", "For How Much Longer Do We Tolerate Mass Murder? __knowledge__ After being commercially unavailable for several decades, it was reissued in February 2016.", "For How Much Longer Do We Tolerate Mass Murder? __knowledge__ \"For How Much Longer Do We Tolerate Mass Murder?\"", "For How Much Longer Do We Tolerate Mass Murder? __knowledge__ was recorded at Foel Studios.", "For How Much Longer Do We Tolerate Mass Murder? __knowledge__ It featured a collaboration with proto-rap group The Last Poets.", "For How Much Longer Do We Tolerate Mass Murder? __knowledge__ The photo on the cover is the famous photograph \"Two Gypsies\" by André Kertész.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are an American funk rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ The group's musical style primarily consists of rock with an emphasis on funk, as well as elements from other genres such as punk rock and psychedelic rock.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ When played live, their music incorporates elements of jam band due to the improvised nature of many of their performances.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Currently, the band consists of founding members vocalist/rhythm guitarist Anthony Kiedis and bassist Flea, longtime drummer Chad Smith, and former touring guitarist Josh Klinghoffer.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are one of the best-selling bands of all time with over 80 million records sold worldwide, have been nominated for sixteen Grammy Awards, of which they have won six, and are the most successful band in alternative rock radio history, currently holding the records for most number-one singles (13), most cumulative weeks at number one (85) and most top-ten songs (25) on the \"Billboard\" Alternative Songs chart.", "Synthetic-aperture radar __knowledge__ Synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) is a form of radar that is used to create two- or three-dimensional images of objects, such as landscapes.", "Synthetic-aperture radar __knowledge__ SAR uses the motion of the radar antenna over a target region to provide finer spatial resolution than conventional beam-scanning radars.", "Synthetic-aperture radar __knowledge__ SAR is typically mounted on a moving platform, such as an aircraft or spacecraft, and has its origins in an advanced form of side looking airborne radar (SLAR).", "Synthetic-aperture radar __knowledge__ The distance the SAR device travels over a target in the time taken for the radar pulses to return to the antenna creates the large \"synthetic\" antenna aperture (the \"size\" of the antenna).", "Battle of Wagram __knowledge__ The Battle of Wagram (; 5–6 July 1809) was a military engagement of the Napoleonic Wars that ended in a decisive victory for Emperor Napoleon I's French and allied army against the Austrian army under the command of Archduke Charles of Austria-Teschen.", "Battle of Wagram __knowledge__ The battle led to the breakup of the Fifth Coalition, the Austrian and British-led alliance against France.", "Battle of Wagram __knowledge__ In 1809, the French military presence in Germany was diminished as Napoleon transferred a number of soldiers to fight in the Peninsular War.", "Battle of Wagram __knowledge__ As a result, the Austrian Empire saw its chance to recover some of its former sphere of influence and invaded the Kingdom of Bavaria, a French ally.", "Disco __knowledge__ Disco is a musical style originating in the early 1970s.", "Disco __knowledge__ It began to emerge from America's urban nightlife scene, where it had been curtailed to house parties and makeshift discotheques from the middle of the decade onwards, after which, it began making regular mainstream appearances, gaining popularity and increasing airplay on radio.", "Disco __knowledge__ Its popularity was achieved sometime during the mid-1970s to the early 1980s.", "Disco __knowledge__ Its initial audiences in the U.S. were club-goers, both male and female, from the African American, Italian American, Latino, and psychedelic communities in Philadelphia, Chicago, San Francisco, and New York City during the late 1960s and early 1970s.", "Arthur de Gobineau __knowledge__ Count Joseph Arthur de Gobineau (14 July 1816 – 13 October 1882) was a French aristocrat who was best known by his contemporaries as a novelist, diplomat and travel writer but is today most remembered for developing the theory of the Aryan master race and helping to legitimise racism by scientific racist theory and \"racial demography\".", "Arthur de Gobineau __knowledge__ Gobineau was an elitist who, in the immediate aftermath of the Revolutions of 1848, wrote a 1400-page book, \"An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races\", in which he claimed that aristocrats were superior to commoners and that they possessed more Aryan genetic traits because of less interbreeding with inferior races (Alpines and Mediterraneans).", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ South African criminal law is the body of national law relating to crime in South Africa.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In the definition of Van der Walt \"et al\", a crime is \"conduct which common or statute law prohibits and expressly or impliedly subjects to punishment remissible by the state alone and which the offender cannot avoid by his own act once he has been convicted.\"", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ Crime involves the infliction of harm against society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ The function or object of criminal law is to provide a social mechanism with which to coerce members of society to abstain from conduct that is harmful to the interests of society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In South Africa, as in most adversarial legal systems, the standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.", "HBO __knowledge__ Home Box Office (HBO) is an American premium cable and satellite television network that is owned by Time Warner through its respective flagship company Home Box Office, Inc.", "HBO __knowledge__ Programming featured on the network consists primarily of theatrically released motion pictures and original television series, along with made-for-cable movies and documentaries, boxing matches, and occasional stand-up comedy and concert specials.", "HBO __knowledge__ HBO is the oldest and longest continuously operating pay television service (basic or premium) in the United States, having been in operation since November 8, 1972.", "HBO __knowledge__ In 2016, HBO had an adjusted operating income of US$1.93 billion, compared to the US$1.88 billion it accrued in 2015.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Boxing career of Manny Pacquiao __knowledge__ Manny Pacquiao has competed in professional boxing since 1995.", "Boxing career of Manny Pacquiao __knowledge__ He is the only eight-division world champion in the history of the sport, having won multiple major world titles, as well as being the first boxer to win the lineal championship in five different weight divisions.", "Boxing career of Manny Pacquiao __knowledge__ Pacquiao is also the first boxer in history to win a major world title in four of the original eight weight divisions of boxing, also known as the \"glamour divisions\": flyweight, featherweight, lightweight, and welterweight.", "Boxing career of Manny Pacquiao __knowledge__ In 2016, Pacquiao was ranked second on ESPN's list of top boxers, pound for pound, of the past 25 years.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ \"Let's Wait Awhile\" is a song by American singer Janet Jackson, released as the fifth single from her third studio album \"Control\" (1986).", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ It was written and produced by Jackson and Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, with Melanie Andrews also serving as co-writer.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ It is also the first song Jackson co-produced.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ Inspired by a conversation Melanie Andrews had with a childhood boyfriend, the song speaks of sexual abstinence and postponing intimacy within a relationship.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ The song received generally favorable reviews from music critics, who praised the track's sweetness and Jackson's tender delivery.", "Let's Wait Awhile __knowledge__ It was also praised for its meaningful message, considered to be a teaching tool to encourage sexual abstinence amidst the AIDS crisis at the time.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4, 5 ]

[ "I enjoy the watching Game of Thrones, David Benioff and D.B. Weiss really nailed it when they created this fantasy drama series! Do you watch it?\"", "I haven't been able to watch it in a bit, but would like to soon. I know it is inspired from George R.R. martin's novel series, 'A Song of Ice and Fire'. Have you read any?", "I don't really know, but I'm sure they're great. HBO started the series in 2011, so it's been going strong for awhile now.", "It's actually going to finish up with it's eight season, which will be out in 2019. I think I will have to binge watch a few seasons to catch up by then." ]

[ "Game of Thrones", "Game of Thrones", "Game of Thrones", "Game of Thrones" ]

[ "Rural area\nI live in a small, rural area. I like it though because you know everyone in your community. Do you live in a big area?", "Oh wow, that's really interesting. What country do you live in if you don't mind me asking?", "Oh I had no idea such villages existed in the US. I guess pretty much everyone there works in the fishing industry then?", "Oh I see. What are the most common kinds of fish caught there?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rural area __knowledge__ In general, a rural area or countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities.", "Rural area __knowledge__ The Health Resources and Services Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services defines the word \"rural\" as encompassing \"...all population, housing, and territory not included within an urban area.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Whatever is not urban is considered rural.\"", "Rural area __knowledge__ Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Agricultural areas are commonly rural, as are other types of areas such as forest.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Different countries have varying definitions of \"rural\" for statistical and administrative purposes.", "Rural area __knowledge__ In Canada, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development defines a \"predominantly rural region\" as having more than 50% of the population living in rural communities where a \"rural community\" has a population density less than 150 people per square kilometre.", "Rural area __knowledge__ In Canada, the census division has been used to represent \"regions\" and census consolidated sub-divisions have been used to represent \"communities\".", "Rural area __knowledge__ Intermediate regions have 15 to 49 percent of their population living in a rural community.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Predominantly urban regions have less than 15 percent of their population living in a rural community.", "Burung Petala Processions __knowledge__ The Burung Petala Processions (literary \"Celestial Bird Processions\") (; Jawi:ڤراراكن بوروڠ ڤتالا) referred to a series of imperial parade to commemorate the circumcision ceremony of the Kelantanese nobility.", "Burung Petala Processions __knowledge__ During the grand cavalcade, the prince and his royal entourage were celebrated around Kota Bharu via a large bird-like processional cart, notably the grand chariot of 1933 known as Burung Petala Indra and \"tandu\" Burung Petalawati of 1923.", "Burung Petala Processions __knowledge__ The processions were held three times between 1919 and 1933.", "Burung Petala Processions __knowledge__ The celebrations rooted from the historical grand parades observed during the pre-Islamic era of the northern coast of Malay Peninsula.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series The Boys, created by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The Boys are a CIA black ops team, initially created by Col. Greg Mallory to manage, police, and sometimes liquidate Vought-American's superhumans.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ While this is in part to help protect normal humans from the actions of the largely out of control \"supes,\" this is also to ensure that the company lack the stability or the platform to push the use of superhumans in national defense.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ Over time, however, the team's focus was changed, due to Butcher's increased influence, from one of management and containment to one of direct confrontation.", "Big Area __knowledge__ \"Big Area\" is a 1988 single by English rock band Then Jerico, from their second album \"The Big Area\".", "Big Area __knowledge__ The song is their biggest hit and highest charting single to date, reaching No.", "Big Area __knowledge__ 13 on the UK Singles Chart in January 1989.", "Big Area __knowledge__ A.", "Big Area __knowledge__ \"Big Area\" (12\" Mix) B1.", "Big Area __knowledge__ \"The Big Sweep\" (Dance Mix) B2.", "Big Area __knowledge__ \"The Motive\" (USA Mix)", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Law enforcement in China __knowledge__ Law enforcement in China consists of an extensive public security system and a variety of enforcement procedures used to maintain order in the country.", "Law enforcement in China __knowledge__ Along with the courts and procuratorates, the country's judicial and public security agencies include the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of State Security, with their descending hierarchy of departments, bureaus, subbureaus, and stations Hong Kong and Macau have separate law enforcement agencies and work together with mainland agencies to deal with crime between them.", "Law enforcement in China __knowledge__ The national security system is made up of the Ministry of State Security and the Ministry of Public Security, the People's Armed Police, the People's Liberation Army (PLA), and the state judicial, procuratorial, and penal systems.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of The Mortal Instruments characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the main characters from \"The Mortal Instruments\" series by Cassandra Clare, including the novels \"City of Bones\", \"City of Ashes\", \"City of Glass\", \"City of Fallen Angels\", \"City of Lost Souls\", and \"City of Heavenly Fire\" The following is a list of series regulars who have appeared in one or more of the series' three seasons.", "List of The Mortal Instruments characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in the order they were first credited in the series.", "List of The Mortal Instruments characters __knowledge__ Clarissa \"Clary\" Adele Fray/Fairchild/Morgenstern is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the \"Mortal Instruments\" series.", "List of The Mortal Instruments characters __knowledge__ While at a New York City nightclub, the Pandemonium, she is stunned to observe a group of teenagers with apparent supernatural abilities: Jace, Isabelle, and Alec." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rural area __knowledge__ In general, a rural area or countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities.", "Rural area __knowledge__ The Health Resources and Services Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services defines the word \"rural\" as encompassing \"...all population, housing, and territory not included within an urban area.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Whatever is not urban is considered rural.\"", "Rural area __knowledge__ Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Agricultural areas are commonly rural, as are other types of areas such as forest.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Different countries have varying definitions of \"rural\" for statistical and administrative purposes.", "Rural area __knowledge__ In Canada, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development defines a \"predominantly rural region\" as having more than 50% of the population living in rural communities where a \"rural community\" has a population density less than 150 people per square kilometre.", "Rural area __knowledge__ In Canada, the census division has been used to represent \"regions\" and census consolidated sub-divisions have been used to represent \"communities\".", "Rural area __knowledge__ Intermediate regions have 15 to 49 percent of their population living in a rural community.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Predominantly urban regions have less than 15 percent of their population living in a rural community.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ The Sex Pistols were an English punk rock band that formed in London in 1975.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ They were responsible for initiating the punk movement in the United Kingdom and inspiring many later punk and alternative rock musicians.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ Although their initial career lasted just two-and-a-half years and produced only four singles and one studio album, \"Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols\", they are regarded as one of the most influential acts in the history of popular music.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ The Sex Pistols originally comprised vocalist Johnny Rotten, guitarist Steve Jones, drummer Paul Cook and bassist Glen Matlock.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ Matlock was replaced by Sid Vicious in early 1977.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Little Fishing Creek __knowledge__ Little Fishing Creek is a tributary of Fishing Creek in Sullivan County, Lycoming County, and Columbia County, in Pennsylvania, in the United States.", "Little Fishing Creek __knowledge__ It is approximately long and flows through eight townships.", "Little Fishing Creek __knowledge__ The watershed of the creek has an area of .", "Little Fishing Creek __knowledge__ The creek has six named tributaries, of which the largest are Spruce Run and West Branch Run.", "Little Fishing Creek __knowledge__ There are at least two major rock formations in the watershed of Little Fishing Creek: the Chemung Formation and the Hamilton Group.", "Little Fishing Creek __knowledge__ The creek's watershed includes part of the Greenwood Valley.", "Little Fishing Creek __knowledge__ Much of the watershed is forested and major roads in it include Pennsylvania Route 42.", "Fishing Creek (North Branch Susquehanna River tributary) __knowledge__ Fishing Creek is a long tributary of the Susquehanna River in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in the United States.", "Fishing Creek (North Branch Susquehanna River tributary) __knowledge__ It joins the Susquehanna River near the census-designated place of Rupert and the town of Bloomsburg.", "Fishing Creek (North Branch Susquehanna River tributary) __knowledge__ The watershed has an area of .", "Fishing Creek (North Branch Susquehanna River tributary) __knowledge__ Nomadic Native Americans arrived in the lower reaches of Fishing Creek around 8000 BCE, and some were spending winters in the upper reaches of the valley by 3000 to 2000 BCE.", "Fishing Creek (North Branch Susquehanna River tributary) __knowledge__ In the past few centuries, the Fishing Creek area has been home to many industries, mills, and dams.", "Fishing Creek (North Branch Susquehanna River tributary) __knowledge__ It drains parts of five Pennsylvania counties: Columbia, Montour, Sullivan, Luzerne, and Lycoming.", "Dammam __knowledge__ Dammam ( \"\") is the capital of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.", "Dammam __knowledge__ The judicial and administrative bodies of the province, plus several government departments, are located in the city.", "Dammam __knowledge__ Dammam is the largest city in the Eastern Province, and the sixth largest in Saudi Arabia, after Riyadh, Jeddah, Mecca, Medina and Taif.", "Dammam __knowledge__ Like the other 12 regional capitals of Saudi Arabia, Dammam is not included within any governorate; instead, it is governed as a \"municipality\" (; \"amanah\") headed by a mayor (; \"amin\").", "Dammam __knowledge__ Dammam is a major administrative center for the Saudi oil industry.", "Dammam __knowledge__ Together with the nearby cities of Dhahran and Al Khobar, Dammam forms part of the Dammam Metropolitan Area, which is commonly known as greater Dammam and has an estimated population of 4,140,000 as of 2012.", "Fishing village __knowledge__ A fishing village is a village, usually located near a fishing ground, with an economy based on catching fish and harvesting seafood.", "Fishing village __knowledge__ The continents and islands around the world have coastlines totalling around 356,000 kilometres (221,000 mi).", "Fishing village __knowledge__ From Neolithic times, these coastlines, as well as the shorelines of inland lakes and the banks of rivers, have been punctuated with fishing villages.", "Fishing village __knowledge__ Most surviving fishing villages are traditional.", "Fishing village __knowledge__ Coastal fishing villages are often somewhat isolated, and sited around a small natural harbour which provides safe haven for a village fleet of fishing boats.", "Spruce Run (Little Fishing Creek tributary) __knowledge__ Spruce Run is a tributary of Little Fishing Creek in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in the United States.", "Spruce Run (Little Fishing Creek tributary) __knowledge__ It is approximately long and flows through Madison Township.", "Spruce Run (Little Fishing Creek tributary) __knowledge__ The watershed of the stream has an area of .", "Spruce Run (Little Fishing Creek tributary) __knowledge__ Several people settled on the stream in the 1780s and 1790s.", "Spruce Run (Little Fishing Creek tributary) __knowledge__ Two bridges were built over it in the 20th century.", "Spruce Run (Little Fishing Creek tributary) __knowledge__ Spruce Run is designated as a \"Locally Significant Area\" in the Columbia County Natural Areas Inventory.", "Spruce Run (Little Fishing Creek tributary) __knowledge__ More than 80 species of woodland herbs and numerous trees, mammals, and birds inhabit the area near the stream.", "Spruce Run (Little Fishing Creek tributary) __knowledge__ The Pennsylvania State Game Lands are also in the watershed.", "Little Brier Run __knowledge__ Little Brier Run is a tributary of Little Fishing Creek in Lycoming County and Columbia County, in Pennsylvania, in the United States.", "Little Brier Run __knowledge__ It is approximately and flows through Jordan Township in Lycoming County and Pine Township in Columbia County.", "Little Brier Run __knowledge__ The watershed of the stream has an area of .", "Little Brier Run __knowledge__ The stream itself is inhabited by trout and is considered to be an Exceptional Value stream and a Migratory Fishery.", "Little Brier Run __knowledge__ It has one unnamed tributary.", "Little Brier Run __knowledge__ Various wetlands are present in the vicinity of the stream and its unnamed tributary.", "Little Brier Run __knowledge__ Little Brier Run begins in a shallow valley in Jordan Township, Lycoming County, just south of Pennsylvania Route 118.", "Fishing in Cornwall __knowledge__ Fishing in Cornwall, England, UK, has traditionally been one of the main elements of the economy of the county.", "Fishing in Cornwall __knowledge__ Pilchard fishing and processing was a thriving industry in Cornwall from around 1750 to around 1880, after which it went into an almost terminal decline.", "Fishing in Cornwall __knowledge__ During the 20th century the varieties of fish taken became much more diverse and crustaceans such as crab and lobster are now significant.", "Fishing in Cornwall __knowledge__ Much of the catch is exported to France due to the higher prices obtainable there.", "Fishing in Cornwall __knowledge__ Though fishing has been significantly damaged by overfishing, (the Southwest Handline Fishermen's Association has started to revive the fishing industry)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rural area __knowledge__ In general, a rural area or countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities.", "Rural area __knowledge__ The Health Resources and Services Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services defines the word \"rural\" as encompassing \"...all population, housing, and territory not included within an urban area.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Whatever is not urban is considered rural.\"", "Rural area __knowledge__ Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Agricultural areas are commonly rural, as are other types of areas such as forest.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Different countries have varying definitions of \"rural\" for statistical and administrative purposes.", "Rural area __knowledge__ In Canada, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development defines a \"predominantly rural region\" as having more than 50% of the population living in rural communities where a \"rural community\" has a population density less than 150 people per square kilometre.", "Rural area __knowledge__ In Canada, the census division has been used to represent \"regions\" and census consolidated sub-divisions have been used to represent \"communities\".", "Rural area __knowledge__ Intermediate regions have 15 to 49 percent of their population living in a rural community.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Predominantly urban regions have less than 15 percent of their population living in a rural community.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Mercedes Maria Theresa Immaculata McQueen (also Owen, Fisher and Browning) is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera, \"Hollyoaks\", played by Jennifer Metcalfe.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ She debuted on-screen during the episode airing on 19 June 2006 as the first character to be introduced to the series by series producer, Bryan Kirkwood.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ In 2008 Metcalfe feared that the character was to be axed but was later reassured by the series producer that she would not be.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Metcalfe later stated her intention to stay with the series.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Mercedes is part of the McQueen family and is the longest serving McQueen on the series.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Fishing industry in Scotland __knowledge__ The fishing industry in Scotland comprises a significant proportion of the United Kingdom fishing industry.", "Fishing industry in Scotland __knowledge__ A recent inquiry by the Royal Society of Edinburgh found fishing to be of much greater social, economic and cultural importance to Scotland than it is relative to the rest of the UK.", "Fishing industry in Scotland __knowledge__ Scotland has just 8.4% of the UK population but lands at its ports over 60% of the total catch in the UK.", "Fishing industry in Scotland __knowledge__ Many of these are ports in relatively remote communities such as Fraserburgh, Kinlochbervie or Lerwick, which are scattered along an extensive coastline and which, for centuries, have looked to fishing as the main source of employment.", "Fleetwood __knowledge__ Fleetwood is a town and civil parish within the Wyre district of Lancashire, England, lying at the northwest corner of the Fylde.", "Fleetwood __knowledge__ It had a population of 25,939 people at the 2011 census.", "Fleetwood __knowledge__ The site of the town has been continuously inhabited since the Middle Ages.", "Fleetwood __knowledge__ Fleetwood acquired its modern character in the 1830s, when the principal landowner Peter Hesketh-Fleetwood, High Sheriff and MP, conceived an ambitious plan to re-develop the town to make it a busy seaport and railway spur.", "Fleetwood __knowledge__ He commissioned the distinguished Victorian architect Decimus Burton to design a number of substantial civic buildings, including two lighthouses.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ Marlin fishing (also called billfishing) is considered by some game fishermen to be a pinnacle of offshore game fishing, due to the size and power of the four marlin species and their relative rareness.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ Fishing for marlin captured the imagination of some sport fishermen in the 1930s, when well-known angler/authors Zane Grey, who fished for black, striped, and blue marlin in the Pacific, and Ernest Hemingway, who fished the Florida Keys, Bahamas and Cuba for Atlantic blue marlin and white marlin, wrote extensively about their pursuit and enthused about the sporting qualities of their quarry.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ These days a lot of resources are committed to the construction of private and charter billfishing boats to participate in the billfishing tournament circuit.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the practice of catching fish.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ It is a pre-historic practice dating back at least 40,000 years.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Since the 16th century fishing vessels have been able to cross oceans in pursuit of fish and since the 19th century it has been possible to use larger vessels and in some cases process the fish on board.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term fishing may be applied to catching other aquatic animals such as shellfish, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term is not usually applied to catching aquatic mammals, such as whales, where the term whaling is more appropriate, or to farmed fish.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ Climate change in the US state of Washington is a subject of study and projection today.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ \"For the most up to date and comprehensive analysis of climate change impacts on Washington State, see the University of Washington Climate Impacts Group 2009 assessment report, available\" here.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ \"Economic Impacts of Climate Change (2007) in Washington State\" summarized impacts on forest fires, public health, agriculture, municipal water supply, sea level rise and fisheries.", "Climate change in Washington __knowledge__ These conclusions have been reached through several predictions, based primarily on temperature and precipitation models for climate change.", "Cod fisheries __knowledge__ Cod fisheries are fisheries for cod.", "Cod fisheries __knowledge__ Cod is the common name for fish of the genus \"Gadus\", belonging to the family Gadidae, and this article is confined to the three species that belong to this genus: the Atlantic cod, the Pacific cod and the Greenland cod.", "Cod fisheries __knowledge__ Cod are demersal fish found in huge schools confined to temperate waters in the northern hemisphere.", "Cod fisheries __knowledge__ Atlantic cod are found in the colder waters and deeper sea regions throughout the Northern Atlantic.", "Cod fisheries __knowledge__ The Pacific cod is found in both eastern and western regions of the Pacific.", "Cod fisheries __knowledge__ Atlantic cod can grow to in length.", "Cod fisheries __knowledge__ Its average weight is , but specimens weighing up to have been recorded.", "Sonora __knowledge__ Sonora (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Sonora (), is one of 31 states that, with Mexico City, comprise the 32 federal entities of United Mexican States.", "Sonora __knowledge__ It is divided into 72 municipalities; the capital city is Hermosillo.", "Sonora __knowledge__ Sonora is bordered by the states of Chihuahua to the east, Baja California to the northwest and Sinaloa to the south.", "Sonora __knowledge__ To the north, it shares the U.S.–Mexico border with the states of Arizona and New Mexico, and on the west has a significant share of the coastline of the Gulf of California.", "Sonora __knowledge__ Sonora's natural geography is divided into three parts: the Sierra Madre Occidental in the east of the state; plains and rolling hills in the center; and the coast on the Gulf of California.", "Cod __knowledge__ Cod is the common name for the genus \"Gadus\" of demersal fishes, belonging to the family Gadidae.", "Cod __knowledge__ Cod is also used as part of the common name for a number of other fish species, and some species suggested to belong to genus \"Gadus\" are not called cod (the Alaska pollock).", "Cod __knowledge__ The two most common species of cod are the Atlantic cod (\"Gadus morhua\"), which lives in the colder waters and deeper sea regions throughout the North Atlantic, and the Pacific cod (\"Gadus macrocephalus\"), found in both eastern and western regions of the northern Pacific.", "Cod __knowledge__ \"Gadus morhua\" was named by Linnaeus in 1758.", "Cod __knowledge__ (However, \"G. morhua callarias\", a low-salinity, nonmigratory race restricted to parts of the Baltic, was originally described as \"Gadus callarias\" by Linnaeus.)", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rural area __knowledge__ In general, a rural area or countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities.", "Rural area __knowledge__ The Health Resources and Services Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services defines the word \"rural\" as encompassing \"...all population, housing, and territory not included within an urban area.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Whatever is not urban is considered rural.\"", "Rural area __knowledge__ Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Agricultural areas are commonly rural, as are other types of areas such as forest.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Different countries have varying definitions of \"rural\" for statistical and administrative purposes.", "Rural area __knowledge__ In Canada, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development defines a \"predominantly rural region\" as having more than 50% of the population living in rural communities where a \"rural community\" has a population density less than 150 people per square kilometre.", "Rural area __knowledge__ In Canada, the census division has been used to represent \"regions\" and census consolidated sub-divisions have been used to represent \"communities\".", "Rural area __knowledge__ Intermediate regions have 15 to 49 percent of their population living in a rural community.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Predominantly urban regions have less than 15 percent of their population living in a rural community.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ The radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster are the observed and predicted effects resulting from the release of radioactive isotopes from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ Radioactive isotopes were released from reactor containment vessels as a result of venting to reduce gaseous pressure, and the discharge of coolant water into the sea.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ This resulted in Japanese authorities implementing a 20 km exclusion zone around the power plant, and the continued displacement of approximately 156,000 people as of early 2013.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ Trace quantities of radioactive particles from the incident, including iodine-131 and caesium-134/137, have since been detected around the world.", "Catch and release __knowledge__ Catch and release is a practice within recreational fishing intended as a technique of conservation.", "Catch and release __knowledge__ After capture, the fish are unhooked and returned to the water.", "Catch and release __knowledge__ Often, a fast measurement and weighing of the fish is worthwhile.", "Catch and release __knowledge__ Using barbless hooks, it is often possible to release the fish without removing it from the water (a slack line is frequently sufficient).", "Catch and release __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, catch and release has been performed for more than a century by coarse fishermen in order to prevent target species from disappearing in heavily fished waters.", "Catch and release __knowledge__ Since the latter part of the 20th century, many salmon and sea trout rivers have been converted to complete or partial catch and release.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ Marlin fishing (also called billfishing) is considered by some game fishermen to be a pinnacle of offshore game fishing, due to the size and power of the four marlin species and their relative rareness.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ Fishing for marlin captured the imagination of some sport fishermen in the 1930s, when well-known angler/authors Zane Grey, who fished for black, striped, and blue marlin in the Pacific, and Ernest Hemingway, who fished the Florida Keys, Bahamas and Cuba for Atlantic blue marlin and white marlin, wrote extensively about their pursuit and enthused about the sporting qualities of their quarry.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ These days a lot of resources are committed to the construction of private and charter billfishing boats to participate in the billfishing tournament circuit.", "Noncentral hypergeometric distributions __knowledge__ In statistics, the hypergeometric distribution is the discrete probability distribution generated by picking colored balls at random from an urn without replacement.", "Noncentral hypergeometric distributions __knowledge__ Various generalizations to this distribution exist for cases where the picking of colored balls is biased so that balls of one color are more likely to be picked than balls of another color.", "Noncentral hypergeometric distributions __knowledge__ This can be illustrated by the following example.", "Noncentral hypergeometric distributions __knowledge__ Assume that an opinion poll is conducted by calling random telephone numbers.", "Noncentral hypergeometric distributions __knowledge__ Unemployed people are more likely to be home and answer the phone than employed people are.", "Noncentral hypergeometric distributions __knowledge__ Therefore, unemployed respondents are likely to be over-represented in the sample.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Recreational fishing, also called sport fishing, is fishing for pleasure or competition.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ It can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is fishing for profit, or subsistence fishing, which is fishing for survival.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ The most common form of recreational fishing is done with a rod, reel, line, hooks and any one of a wide range of baits.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Other devices, commonly referred to as \"terminal tackle\", are also used to affect or complement the presentation of the bait to the targeted fish.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Some examples of terminal tackle include weights, floats, and swivels.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Lures are frequently used in place of bait.", "Seward Silver Salmon Derby __knowledge__ Started in 1956 the Seward Silver Salmon Derby is Alaska’s oldest fishing derby.", "Seward Silver Salmon Derby __knowledge__ The derby generally opens the second week in August.", "Seward Silver Salmon Derby __knowledge__ Participants compete to bring in the largest Coho salmon, also known as silver salmon.", "Seward Silver Salmon Derby __knowledge__ The fish are weighed and turned in daily.", "Seward Silver Salmon Derby __knowledge__ • Tagged Fish: Fish are caught and tagged before the start of the derby.", "Seward Silver Salmon Derby __knowledge__ The prize for catching a tagged fish can earn up to $50,000.", "Seward Silver Salmon Derby __knowledge__ Although, catching a tagged fish is somewhat rare.", "Seward Silver Salmon Derby __knowledge__ • Largest Fish: The largest 25 fish caught bring in various prizes with the largest bringing in a prize of up to $10,000 and the weight of the fish in coffee.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Melanesian mythology is the folklore, myths and religion of Melanesia — the archipelagos of New Guinea, the Torres Strait Islands, the Admiralty Islands, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia and Vanuatu.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Professor Roland Burrage Dixon wrote an account of the mythology of this region for \"The Mythology of All Races\", which was published in 1916.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Since that time, the region has developed new cults and legends as a result of exposure to western civilisations and their missionaries.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ These include the cargo cults in which the natives attempt to restore the supply of material goods which were a side-effect of the campaigning in this region during the Pacific War.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing may include catching aquatic animals other than fish, such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "Fishing __knowledge__ The term is not normally applied to catching farmed fish, or to aquatic mammals, such as whales where the term whaling is more appropriate.", "Fishing __knowledge__ According to the United Nations FAO statistics, the total number of commercial fishermen and fish farmers is estimated to be 38 million.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fisheries and aquaculture provide direct and indirect employment to over 500 million people in developing countries.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the practice of catching fish.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ It is a pre-historic practice dating back at least 40,000 years.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Since the 16th century fishing vessels have been able to cross oceans in pursuit of fish and since the 19th century it has been possible to use larger vessels and in some cases process the fish on board.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term fishing may be applied to catching other aquatic animals such as shellfish, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term is not usually applied to catching aquatic mammals, such as whales, where the term whaling is more appropriate, or to farmed fish.", "Index of fishing articles __knowledge__ This page is a list of fishing topics.", "Index of fishing articles __knowledge__ 1959 Escuminac Hurricane 2004 Morecambe Bay cockling disaster A Pobra do Caramiñal - A River Somewhere - Abalone - ABU Garcia - Age class structure - Agriculture in Libya - Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department - Agulhas Bank - Akebono Maru - Alaskan king crab fishing - Alexander Neil McLean - Algaculture - Algal bloom - Allan Marcus Atkinson McLean - Ama divers - Amadou - American Angler - American Angler - American lobster - List of American fishers - American Museum of Fly Fishing - American plaice - Amwell Magna Fishery - Anchovy - Ancient Hawaiian aquaculture - Andrea Gail - Androscoggin River - Angling - Angling in Yellowstone National Park - Angling records in the UK - Angling records of Europe - Anguillidae - Animas River - Aquaculture - Aquaculture engineering - Aquaponics - Aquatic ecosystem - Arctic char - Arctic Corsair - Arctic grayling - Argungu Fishing Festival - Arizona Game and Fish Department - Arkansas River - Arlesey Bomb - Artificial fly - Asia-Pacific Fishery Commission (APFIC) - Astacus astacus - Atlantic cod - Atlantic cod - Atlantic herring - Atlantic salmon - Atlantic salmon - Atlantic Spanish mackerel - Atlantic surf clam - Atlantic tarpon - Atlantic white shrimp - Austevoll - Australian salmon B. H. Fisher - Bag limits - Bait Act - Bait fish - Bamboo fly rod - Bangladesh Marine Fisheries Academy - Bank fishing - Banks dory - Basa fish - Basnig - Bass Anglers Sportsman Society - Bass boat - Bass Festival - Bass fishing - Bassmaster Classic - Bay mud - Bayou La Batre, Alabama - Beach casting - Bennett Spring State Park - Benthic zone - Benthos - Bering Sea Arbitration - Best Angler ESPY Award - Bibliography of fly fishing - Big Hole River - Big-game fishing - Billingsgate Fish Market - Bioeconomics - Bioluminescence - Biomass (ecology) - Bite alarm - Blast fishing - Blast fishing - Blue cod - Blue grenadier - Blue mussel - Bluefish - Bobs Farm, New South Wales - Boilie - Bombarda - Bonefish - Bottom feeder - Bottom fishing - Bottom trawling - Bowfishing - Braided fishing line - Brixham - Broodstock - Brook trout - Brown trout - Bruno Hofer - Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (Philippines) - Busan Cooperative Fish Market - Büsum - By-catch Cadgwith - \"Callinectes sapidus\" – Callum Roberts - Calypso (ship) - Canadian Senate Standing Committee on Fisheries and Oceans - Cape D'Aguilar Marine Reserve - Cape Islander - Capelin - Carp - Cast net - Casting (fishing) - Catch and release - Catch reporting - Catfish - Catskill Fly Fishing Center and Museum - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute - Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science - Centre of Marine Resource Management - Cetacean bycatch - Chasse-marée - Chatham Rise - Chinese fishing nets - Chris Yates (fisherman) - Circle hook - Clam - Clam digging - Clouser Deep Minnow - Coarse fishing - Cobia - Coble - Cockle (bivalve) - Cod - Cod liver oil - Cod Wars - Coho salmon - Coleman National Fish Hatchery - Commercial fishing - Commercial fishing in Alaska - Commercial trawler - Common cockle - Common Fisheries Policy - Common periwinkle - Common snook - Conch - \"Concholepas concholepas\" - Connecticut River - Continental shelf - Continental shelf pump - Coral reef - Corf - Cormorant fishing - Couta - Crab - \"Crangon crangon\" - Crappie - Crayfish - CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research - Cul de canard - Cullercoats - Culture of Póvoa de Varzim - Currach - Cusk (fish) - Cutthroat trout - Cuttlefish - Cuttyhunk - Cyanide fishing Daigo Fukuryū Maru - Daniel Pauly - Dar es Salaam Marine Reserve - Dead zone (ecology) - Deadsticking - Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs - Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (Australia) - DePuy Spring Creek - Dexter National Fish Hatchery & Technology Center - Dianna Clark - Diawl bach - Discards - Dogger Bank - Dolphin safe label - Domstein - Dongwon-ho 628 - Dory - Double-Heart of Stacked Stones - Downrigger - Dried and salted cod - Dried shrimp - Drift net - Drifter (fishing boat) - Dropline - Dungeness crab - Dworshak National Fish Hatchery East Gallatin River - Eastern oyster - Ecology of the San Francisco Estuary low salinity zone - EconMult - Economy of the Falkland Islands - EconSimp - Ed Ricketts - Edible crab - Edward vom Hofe - Eel - Eel life history - Egg sucking leech - Electrofishing - Environmental effects of fishing - Estuary - European anchovy - European Fishery MLS - European plaice - Eutrophication - Exclusive Economic Zone - Eyemouth - Eyemouth disaster Factory ship - Farley Boats - Farm-Raised Catfish - Fécamp - Felucca - Feskekôrka - Fibras Industriales S.A. - Field & Stream - Fifie - Firehole River - Fish - Fish (food) - Fish aggregating device - Fish and Game New Zealand - Fish emulsion - Fish farming - Fish flake - Fish hatchery - Fish hook - Fish hydrolysate - Fish in Australia - Fish market - Fish meal - Fish measurement - Fish migration - Fish oil - Fish preservation - Fish processing - Fish processing facility - Fish product sales - Fish products - Fish research institutions in the Maharashtra - Fish sauce - Fish stock - Fish stocking - Fish trap - Fish wheel - Fisheries and Oceans Canada - Fisheries Centre - Fisheries management - Fisheries Research Services - Fisheries Research Services Marine Laboratory - Fisheries science - Fisherman - Fishermen's Union Trading Co. - Fishery - Fishery Resources Monitoring System - Fishfinder - Fishing - Fishing bait - Fishing by country - Fishing communities in Maharashtra - Fishing fleet - Fishing in Alabama - Fishing in Angola - Fishing in Bangladesh - Fishing in Chad - Fishing in Chile - Fishing in Ethiopia - Fishing in Ghana - Fishing in India - Fishing in Ohio - Fishing in the North Sea - Fishing in Uganda - Fishing in Wyoming - Fishing industry - Fishing industry in Canada - Fishing industry in China - Fishing industry in New Zealand - Fishing industry in Russia - Fishing industry in Scotland - Fishing industry in the United States - Fishing light attractor - Fishing line - Fishing lure - Fishing net - Fishing reel - Fishing rod - Fishing rod tapers - Fishing sinker - Fishing swivel - Fishing tackle - Fishing techniques - Fishing tournament - Fishing vessel - Fishing weir - Fishingkaki - Flatfish - Fleetwood - Flemish Cap - Flesh Fly (Fly-Fishing) - Float (fishing) - Florida stone crab - Flosser - Flounder - Flounder boat - Flounder tramping - Fly fishing - Fly lure - Fly rod building - Fly Tyer - Fly tying - Food and Agriculture Organization - Food of the Tlingit - Forage fish - Fort Frances Canadian Bass Championship - Frank Mundus - Freshwater prawn farm - Fulton Fish Market - Fur-Fish-Game - FV Cornelia Marie - FV Northwestern - FV Wizard Gaff (fishing) - Galápagos Marine Reserve - Galway Hooker - Game fish - Garum - Gathering seafood by hand - Gazela - Geoduck - Georg Ossian Sars - George F. Grant - George Poveromo - George Sleight - Georges Bank - Geothermal energy and aquaculture - Ghost net - Giant gourami - Giant river prawn - Gibbon River - Gigging - Gilleleje - Gillnet - Glass float - Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics (GLOBEC) - Golden North Salmon Derby - Golden Triangle (Rocky Mountains) - Golden trout - Gotthilf Hempel - Grand Banks - Grayling (species) - Gray's Sporting Journal - Green abalone - Green ormer - Grey Nurse shark conservation - Grieg Seafood - Groundbait - Groundfish - Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission - Gunnison River - Gyre Haddock - Haenyo - Hair rig - Halibut - Halibut Treaty - Haliotis corrugata - Hand-line fishing - Hand net - Harald Rosenthal - Hard clam - Hare's Ear - Harkers Island, North Carolina - Harold Innis and the cod fishery - Harpoon - Hastings & St. Leonards Angling Association - Hastings & St.Leonards Angling Association - Hawaiian sling - Hawkins Bank - Herring - Herring Buss - Hickory Shad - Hilsa - Hip boot - Hirudiculture - History of fishing - History of research ships - Hol Chan Marine Reserve - \"Homarus gammarus\" - Hookset - Hovden, Nordland - Howard Marshall (broadcaster) - Hucho taimen - Hugh Falkus - Humboldt Current - Hunting and fishing in Alaska Ice fishing - Ike jime - Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing - Incidental mortality - Indian prawn - Individual fishing quota - Individual Transferable Quota - Industries in Maldives - Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Necrosis - Inkfish - Inland saline aquaculture - Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture - International Collective in Support of Fishworkers - International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas - International Council for the Exploration of the Sea - International Game Fish Association - International Land-Based Shark Fishing Association - International Whaling Commission - Intertidal ecology - Iridescent shark - Irish Conservation Box - Isinglass Jack Gartside - Jackson National Fish Hatchery - Jacksonville Kingfish Tournament - Jagalchi Market - Jangada - Japanese butterfish - Jason Holmer - \"Jasus\" - \"Jasus lalandii\" - Jesús Vidaña - Jig (fishing) - Johan Hjort - John Dietsch - John Dietsch - John Dory - John Gierach - John Wilson (angler) Kaj Busch - Kapenta - Kayak fishing - Kelong - Kelp forest - Kevin VanDam - Killybegs - King mackerel - Kirk Lombard - Kjell Inge Røkke - Klinkhammer - Kolae boat - Kolis - Krill - Krill fishery L'Acadien II - Lampricide - Lampuki netting - Land-based shark fishing - Largemouth bass - Larry Larsen - Leo Margolis - Lerøy - Les Anderson (fisher) - Lightning whelk - Lindy Legendary Fishing Tackle - List of National Fish Hatcheries in the United States - List of research vessels by country - Little Cleo - Littoral zone - Live food fish trade - Lobster - Lobster fishing - Lobster hook - Lobster trap - Longear sunfish - Longline fishing - Lophius - Lossiemouth - Lou de Palingboer - Lowestoft - Lugger - Luke Clausen - Luzzu Macassan contact with Australia - Macclesfield Bank - Mackerel - Mackinaw boat - Madison River - Mahimahi - Maine Avenue Fish Market - \"Maja squinado\" - Mantis shrimp - Maori cod - Mariculture - Marine and Fisheries Agency - Marine conservation - Marine conservation activism - Marine debris - Marine Fisheries Department - Marine Harvest - Marine Institute Ireland - Marine pollution - Marine Protected Area - Marine reserve - Marine snow - Marine Stewardship Council - Marlin - Marlin fishing - Maszoperia - Matthew Hayes - Maximum sustainable yield in fisheries - Mazara del Vallo - McKenzie River dory - Merchant Shipping (Scottish Fishing Boats) Act 1920 - \"Merlangius merlangus\" - Mevagissey - Michael Iaconelli - Mick Brown (angler) - Midwater trawling - Migratory Fishery of Labrador - Minister for Agriculture, Food and the Marine - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (United Kingdom) - Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Japan) - Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (Netherlands) - Ministry of Fisheries (New Zealand) - Miramichi River - \"Misgurnus anguillicaudatus\" - Mogaveeras - Monitoring control and surveillance - Monterey clipper - Mora National Fish Hatchery and Technology Center - Moray Firth fishing disaster - Mormyshka - Mossom Creek Hatchery - Muddler Minnow - Multifilament fishing line - Munster pilchard fishery 1570-1750 - Mussel - Mytilidae Natchitoches National Fish Hatchery - National Agronomy and Fishing Investigation Institute - National Coalition for Marine Conservation - National Fish Hatchery System - National Fisheries Research & Development Institute - Nazareth Bank - Neritic zone - Net casting - New Zealand green-lipped mussel - New Zealand sea urchin - Newlyn - Newlyn riots - Nisshin Maru - Nof Ginnosar - Noodling - Nordland (boat) - North American Native Fishes Association - North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission - North Pacific Longliners Association - North Shields - Northern pike - Northern snakehead - Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization - Norway lobster - Norwegian College of Fishery Science - Norwegian Institute of Marine Research - Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs - Noryangjin Fisheries Wholesale Market O. Mustad & Son - Ocean fisheries - Ocean acidification - Octopus - Olympia oyster - Open Hall-Red Cliffe, Newfoundland and Labrador - Operation liberty (fishing) - Optimum sustainable yield in fisheries - Orange roughy - Original Floater - Orvis - \"Ostrea angasi\" - Outdoor Life - Overfishing - Oyster - Oyster farming - Oyster pirate Pacific cod - Pacific herring - Pacific oyster - Pacific saury - Pacific Whiting Conservation Cooperative - Pair trawling - \"Palinurus elephas\" - \"Pandalus borealis\" - Panfish - Papa Stour - Paralithodes camtschaticus - Paravane (water kite) - Patagonian toothfish - Paul Schwinghammer - Payaos - Peacock bass - Pearl hunting - Pectin novaezealandiae - Pelagic Ecology of the Low Salinity San Francisco Estuary - Pelagic zone - Pelican (Fishing Vessel) - Pelican, Alaska - Pellet waggler - \"Penaeus monodon\" - Penns Creek - Pentti Linkola - Perhentian Islands - Permit (fish) - \"Perna perna\" - \"Perna viridis\" - Pheasant Tail Nymph - Phil Bolger - Phu Quy - Pink salmon - Piracema - Pirogue - Piscicide - Pittenweem - Placunidae - Plastic bait - Plastic worm - \"Plebidonax deltoides\" - Plug (fishing) - Polespear - Pollock - Polperro - Population dynamics - Population dynamics of fisheries - Portland, Maine - \"Portunus pelagicus\" - \"Portunus trituberculatus\" - Power pro - Priest (tool) - Princes Street Market (Cork) - Project AWARE - Puget Sound environmental issues Quiver tip R. J. McKay - Raceway (aquaculture) - Rainbow trout - Rapala - Reach cast - Recreational fishing - Recreational boat fishing - Red abalone - Red drum - Red snapper (fish) - Red tide - Redbreast sunfish - Redeye bass - Redmire pool - Reedville, Virginia - Reef aquarium - Reginald Beddington - Research vessel - Rex Hunt - RIA1 - Richard Walker (angler) - Rick Clunn - Rinovia Steam Fishing Company Ltd. - Rio Grande - Rock fishing - Rock salmon - Rough fish - Royal fish - Ruby River - Rusnė - Russian sturgeon Sabiki - Salmon - Salt Water Sportsman - San Juan River (Colorado River) - Sand whiting - Sandsinker - Sardine - Sardine run - \"Sardinella tawilis\" - Saya de Malha Bank - Scallop - Scallop dredge - Scottish east coast fishery - Scottish Fisheries Museum - Scottish Fisheries Protection Agency - Scrod - \"Scylla paramamosain\" - \"Scylla serrata\" - Sea Around Us Project - Sea cucumber - Sea Fish Industry Authority - Sea louse - Sea Shepherd Conservation Society - Sea urchin - Seabed - Seafood - Seamount - Seine fishing - Shad - Shanghai Fisheries University - Shark Alliance - Shark fin soup - Shark liver oil - Sheridan Anderson - Sheringham - Shetland bus - Shifting baseline - Shoal bass - Shortfloating - Shrimp - Shrimp farm - Shrimp marketing - Shrimp paste - Silver carp - Sites of International Whaling Commission annual meetings - Sixareen - Skeet Reese - Skipjack tuna - Slender rainbow sardine - Slurry ice - Smack (ship) - Smallmouth bass - Smelts - Snakeskin gourami - Snapper - Sockeye salmon - Soft plastic - Soft-shell clam - Soft-shell crab - Sole (fish) - Solway Harvester - Sørvágur - Soudan Banks - South East Atlantic Fisheries Organisation - Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center - Southern rock lobster - Spearfishing - Speargun - Spin fishing - Spinnerbait - Spiny lobster - Spoon lure - Spoonplug - Sport Fishing and Boating Partnership Council - Sports Afield - Spotted bass - Spotted seatrout - Squat lobster - Squid - \"Squilla mantis\" - ST Leukos - St. Abbs - St. Abbs and Eyemouth Voluntary Marine Reserve - Stanley (boat) - Stephen Bowen (biologist) - Steven C. Hackett - Steveston, British Columbia - Stockfish - Stotfield fishing disaster - Streaked Spanish mackerel - Striped bass - Striped bass fishing - Sturgeon - Surf fishing - Surface lure - Surrounding net - Sustainable yield in fisheries - Swarm - Sydney rock oyster Tag and release - Tailwater - Tasmanian Seamounts Marine Reserve - Taura syndrome - Tenkara fishing - Tench - Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency - Tetraodontidae - Texas Rig - TFM (piscicide) - The Field (magazine) - The Golden Mile (Angling) - The Sea of Galilee Boat - The Terror (boat) - Thomas Tod Stoddart - Thresher shark - \"Tilapia\" - \"Tilapia\" in aquaculture - Tilefish - Tilting, Newfoundland and Labrador - Topwater fishing lure - Tore Schweder - Tragedy of the commons - Trawling - Trident - Troll (angling) - Trolling tandem streamer fly - Trotline - Trout binning - Trout bum - Trout tickling - Troutmasters - Tullaghmurray Lass - Tuna - Turbot - Turbot War - Turtle excluder device U.S.", "Angling __knowledge__ Angling is a method of fishing by means of an \"angle\" (fish hook).", "Angling __knowledge__ The hook is usually attached to a fishing line and the line is often attached to a fishing rod.", "Angling __knowledge__ Fishing rods are usually fitted with a fishing reel that functions as a mechanism for storing, retrieving and paying out the line.", "Angling __knowledge__ Tenkara fishing and cane pole fishing are two techniques that do not use a reel.", "Angling __knowledge__ The hook itself can be dressed with bait, but sometimes a lure, with hooks attached to it, is used in place of a hook and bait.", "Angling __knowledge__ A bite indicator such as a float, and a weight or sinker are sometimes used.", "Angling __knowledge__ Angling is the principal method of sport fishing, but commercial fisheries also use angling methods such as longlining or trolling.", "Fishing techniques __knowledge__ Fishing techniques are methods for catching fish.", "Fishing techniques __knowledge__ The term may also be applied to methods for catching other aquatic animals such as molluscs (shellfish, squid, octopus) and edible marine invertebrates.", "Fishing techniques __knowledge__ Fishing techniques include hand-gathering, spearfishing, netting, angling and trapping.", "Fishing techniques __knowledge__ Recreational, commercial and artisanal fishers use different techniques, and also, sometimes, the same techniques.", "Fishing techniques __knowledge__ Recreational fishers fish for pleasure or sport, while commercial fishers fish for profit.", "Fishing techniques __knowledge__ Artisanal fishers use traditional, low-tech methods, for survival in third-world countries, and as a cultural heritage in other countries.", "Vessel monitoring system __knowledge__ Vessel Monitoring Systems (VMS) is a general term to describe systems that are used in commercial fishing to allow environmental and fisheries regulatory organizations to track and monitor the activities of fishing vessels.", "Vessel monitoring system __knowledge__ They are a key part of monitoring control and surveillance (MCS) programs at national and international levels.", "Vessel monitoring system __knowledge__ VMS may be used to monitor vessels in the territorial waters of a country or a subdivision of a country, or in the Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ) that extend 200 nautical miles (370.4 km) from the coasts of many countries.", "Vessel monitoring system __knowledge__ VMS systems are used to improve the management and sustainability of the marine environment, through ensuring proper fishing practices and the prevention of illegal fishing, and thus protect and enhance the livelihoods of fishermen." ] ]

[ 3, 67, 53, 66 ]

[ "I live in an area that you couldn't really call urban or rural. I live in a little fishing village.", "I live in the united states. I'm just in an area located near a lot of good fishing grounds. We have great seafood.", "Most of the fishing here is via angling or netting so there are only a few commercial fisheries. Most people don't actually fish except for recreational purposes.", "When it comes ot fishing with a rod and reel, the most common commercially caught fish here are called Grouper." ]

[ "Rural area", "Rural area", "Rural area", "Rural area" ]

[ "Salsa (dance)\nI want to learn how to salsa one day.", "I didnt know that. I thought it was in latin America for some reason.", "I see. Is there a specific inventor of the dance?", "Is there a famous night club to dance the salsa?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa is a popular form of social dance that originated in the Caribbean.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The movements of salsa have origins in Puerto Rican bomba and plena, Cuban Son, cha-cha-cha, mambo and other dance forms.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The dance, along with the salsa music, originated in the mid-1970s in New York.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Different regions of Latin America and the United States have distinct salsa styles of their own, such as Cuban, Puerto Rican, Cali Colombia, L.A. and New York styles.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa dance socials are commonly held in night clubs, bars, ballrooms, restaurants, and outside, especially if part of an outdoor festival.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ In many styles of salsa dancing, as a dancer shifts their weight by stepping, the upper body remains level and nearly unaffected by the weight changes.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Weight shifts cause the hips to move.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Arm and shoulder movements are also incorporated.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ It generally uses music suitable for dancing ranges from about 150 bpm (beats per minute) to around 250 bpm, although most dancing is done to music somewhere between 160–220 bpm.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The basic Salsa dance rhythm consists of taking three steps for every four beats of music.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The odd number of steps creates the inherent syncopation to the Salsa dancing and ensures that it takes 8 beats of music to loop back to a new sequence of steps.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa music is a popular dance music that initially arose in New York City during the 1960s.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa is the product of various musical genres including the Cuban son montuno, guaracha, cha cha chá, mambo, and to a certain extent bolero, and the Puerto Rican bomba and plena.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Latin jazz, which was also developed in New York City, has had a significant influence on salsa arrangers, piano guajeos, and instrumental soloists.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa is primarily Cuban son, itself a fusion of Spanish canción and guitar and Afro-Cuban percussion, merged with North American music styles such as jazz.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa also occasionally incorporates elements of rock, R&B, and funk.", "Timba __knowledge__ Timba is a Cuban genre of music based on popular Cuban music along with \"salsa\", American funk/R&B, and the strong influence of Afro-Cuban folkloric music.", "Timba __knowledge__ Before it became the newest Cuban music and dance craze, \"timba\" was a word with several different uses yet no particular definition, mostly heard within the Afro-Cuban genre of rumba.", "Timba __knowledge__ A \"timbero\" was a complimentary term for a musician, and \"timba\" often referred to the collection of drums in a folklore ensemble.", "Timba __knowledge__ Since the 1990s, timba has referred to Cuba's intense and slightly more aggressive music and dance form.", "Timba __knowledge__ As opposed to salsa, whose roots are strictly from son and the Cuban \"conjunto\" bands of the 1940s and 1950s, timba represents a synthesis of many folkloric (rumba, guaguancó, batá drumming and the sacred songs of santería.", "Salsa romántica __knowledge__ Salsa Romántica is a soft form of salsa music that emerged between the mid-1980s and early 1990s in New York City and Puerto Rico.", "Salsa romántica __knowledge__ It has been the most commercially successful form of salsa in the last 20 years, despite criticism that it is a pale imitation of \"real\" salsa, often called \"salsa dura.\"", "Salsa romántica __knowledge__ Salsa Romántica is a slower, lighter sounding type of salsa music that La Palabra, a Cuban musician, introduced in the mid-1980s.", "Salsa romántica __knowledge__ \"Salsa romántica\" arose at a time when classic, big-band salsa, popularized by Fania Records was taking an astounding measure on the Latin record charts, owing to the merengue boom and the rise of Latin pop.", "Dominican salsa __knowledge__ The Dominican Republic is widely known around the world as the Caribbean island where Merengue and Bachata music takes its current shape.", "Dominican salsa __knowledge__ Merengue and Bachata have been fueled by the cultural roots of the Dominican Republic and have in many ways shaped the Dominican economy.", "Dominican salsa __knowledge__ Johnny Pacheco was born in the Dominican Republic; he created Fania Records with Jerry Masucci in 1964 and was a major promoter of salsa music from New York City.", "Dominican salsa __knowledge__ Dominican artists played salsa in NYC and around the world.", "Dominican salsa __knowledge__ Dominican salsero/sonero, Cuco Valoy is known as \"El Brujo\" (the sorcerer) and as a Latino legend that served as an ambassador for Afro-Cuban music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ The music of Cuba, including its instruments, performance and dance, comprises a large set of unique traditions influenced mostly by west African and European (especially Spanish) music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Due to the syncretic nature of most of its genres, Cuban music is often considered one of the richest and most influential regional musics of the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ For instance, the son cubano merges an adapted Spanish guitar (tres), melody, harmony, and lyrical traditions with Afro-Cuban percussion and rhythms.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Almost nothing remains of the original native traditions, since the native population was exterminated in the 16th century.", "Salsa congress __knowledge__ A Salsa congress is a multi-day dance festival featuring workshops, social dancing, performances and competitions focusing on Salsa dancing.", "Salsa congress __knowledge__ The format was first pioneered at the Puerto Rico Salsa Congress in 1997.", "Salsa congress __knowledge__ Since then salsa congresses have become popular in almost every country, including different cities in the USA, all over Europe, parts of Asia, and countries in Latin America and Africa.", "Salsa congress __knowledge__ There are many events that follow a similar format to salsa congresses, but go by other names such as \"Salsa Festival\" or \"Salsa Summit\".", "Salsa congress __knowledge__ The first salsa congress in the world took place in Puerto Rico in 1997 promoted by Eli Irizarry." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa is a popular form of social dance that originated in the Caribbean.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The movements of salsa have origins in Puerto Rican bomba and plena, Cuban Son, cha-cha-cha, mambo and other dance forms.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The dance, along with the salsa music, originated in the mid-1970s in New York.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Different regions of Latin America and the United States have distinct salsa styles of their own, such as Cuban, Puerto Rican, Cali Colombia, L.A. and New York styles.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa dance socials are commonly held in night clubs, bars, ballrooms, restaurants, and outside, especially if part of an outdoor festival.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ In many styles of salsa dancing, as a dancer shifts their weight by stepping, the upper body remains level and nearly unaffected by the weight changes.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Weight shifts cause the hips to move.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Arm and shoulder movements are also incorporated.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ It generally uses music suitable for dancing ranges from about 150 bpm (beats per minute) to around 250 bpm, although most dancing is done to music somewhere between 160–220 bpm.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The basic Salsa dance rhythm consists of taking three steps for every four beats of music.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The odd number of steps creates the inherent syncopation to the Salsa dancing and ensures that it takes 8 beats of music to loop back to a new sequence of steps.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ The New York Gold Exchange was an exchange formed shortly after the beginning of the American Civil War for the purpose of creating an open market for transactions involving gold and the government-created paper currency, the greenback.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ Established in 1862, it closed in 1897.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ The exchange was established in 1862 in a basement on New Street.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ The exchange was created during the American Civil War, when the Union issued paper money to fund the war effort.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ Gold trading was initially banned at the New York Stock Exchange, which viewed the practice as unpatriotic speculation in wartime.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ This was because Confederate victories resulted in an increase in the price of gold relative to the greenback dollar, causing gold traders to sing \"Dixie\" in the Exchange when they received news of a Confederate victory.", "Latin America __knowledge__ Latin America is a group of countries and dependencies in the Americas where Spanish, French and Portuguese are predominant.", "Latin America __knowledge__ The term originated in 19th century France as \"Amérique latine\" to consider French-speaking territories in the Americas (Haiti, French Guiana, Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin, Saint Barthélemy) along with the larger group of countries where Spanish and Portuguese languages prevailed.", "Latin America __knowledge__ It is therefore broader than the terms Ibero-America or Hispanic America—though it usually excludes French Canada and modern French Louisiana.", "Latin America __knowledge__ Latin America consists of nineteen sovereign states and several territories and dependencies which cover an area that stretches from the northern border of Mexico to the southern tip of South America, including the Caribbean.", "Latin American economy __knowledge__ Latin America as a region has multiple nation-states, with varying levels of economic complexity.", "Latin American economy __knowledge__ The Latin American economy is an export-based economy consisting of individual countries in the geographical regions of Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.", "Latin American economy __knowledge__ The socioeconomic patterns of what is now called Latin America were set in the colonial era when the region was controlled by the Spanish and Portuguese empires.", "Latin American economy __knowledge__ Up until independence in the early nineteenth century, colonial Latin American regional economies boomed.", "Latin American economy __knowledge__ Many parts of the region had favorable factor endowments of deposits of precious metals, mainly silver, or tropical climatic conditions and locations near coasts that allowed for the development of cane sugar plantations.", "Latin American culture __knowledge__ Latin American culture is the formal or informal expression of the people of Latin America, and includes both high culture (literature, high art) and popular culture (music, folk art and dance) as well as religion and other customary practices.", "Latin American culture __knowledge__ Latin America also has many races.", "Latin American culture __knowledge__ Definitions of Latin America vary.", "Latin American culture __knowledge__ From a cultural perspective,* Latin America generally includes those parts of the Americas where Spanish, French or Portuguese prevail: Mexico, most of Central America, and South America.", "Latin American culture __knowledge__ There is also an important Latin American cultural presence in the United States (e.g.", "Latin American culture __knowledge__ California and the Southwest, and cities such as New York city and Miami).", "Education in Latin America __knowledge__ Despite significant progress, education coverage remains a challenge in Latin America.", "Education in Latin America __knowledge__ The region has made great progress in educational coverage; almost all children attend primary school and access to secondary education has increased considerably.", "Education in Latin America __knowledge__ Adolescents complete on average two more years of schooling than their parents' generation.", "Education in Latin America __knowledge__ Most educational systems in the region have implemented various types of administrative and institutional reforms that have enabled reach for places and communities that had no access to education services in the early 90s.", "Education in Latin America __knowledge__ However, there are still 23 million children in the region between the ages of 4 and 17 outside of the formal education system.", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ Andy Russell (born Andrés Rábago; September 16, 1919 – April 16, 1992) was an American popular vocalist, actor, and entertainer of Mexican descent, specializing in traditional pop and Latin music.", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ He sold 8 million records in the 1940s singing in a romantic, baritone voice and in his trademark bilingual English and Spanish style.", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ He had chart-busters, such as \"Bésame Mucho,\" \"Amor,\" and \"What a Diff'rence a Day Made.\"", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ He also made personal appearances and performed on radio programs, most notably \"Your Hit Parade\", in several movies, and on television.", "Andy Russell (singer) __knowledge__ During this initial phase of his career, his popularity in the United States rivaled that of crooners Frank Sinatra and Perry Como.", "Silver standard __knowledge__ The silver standard is a monetary system in which the standard economic unit of account is a fixed weight of silver.", "Silver standard __knowledge__ The silver specie standard was widespread from the fall of the Byzantine Empire until the 19th century.", "Silver standard __knowledge__ Following the discovery in the 16th century of large deposits of silver at the Cerro Rico in Potosí, Bolivia, an international silver standard came into existence in conjunction with the Spanish pieces of eight.", "Silver standard __knowledge__ These silver dollar coins played the role of an international trading currency for nearly four hundred years.", "Silver standard __knowledge__ In 1704, following Queen Anne's proclamation, the British West Indies became one of the first regions to adopt a gold standard in conjunction with the Spanish gold doubloon coin.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa music is a popular dance music that initially arose in New York City during the 1960s.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa is the product of various musical genres including the Cuban son montuno, guaracha, cha cha chá, mambo, and to a certain extent bolero, and the Puerto Rican bomba and plena.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Latin jazz, which was also developed in New York City, has had a significant influence on salsa arrangers, piano guajeos, and instrumental soloists.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa is primarily Cuban son, itself a fusion of Spanish canción and guitar and Afro-Cuban percussion, merged with North American music styles such as jazz.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa also occasionally incorporates elements of rock, R&B, and funk.", "Dominican salsa __knowledge__ The Dominican Republic is widely known around the world as the Caribbean island where Merengue and Bachata music takes its current shape.", "Dominican salsa __knowledge__ Merengue and Bachata have been fueled by the cultural roots of the Dominican Republic and have in many ways shaped the Dominican economy.", "Dominican salsa __knowledge__ Johnny Pacheco was born in the Dominican Republic; he created Fania Records with Jerry Masucci in 1964 and was a major promoter of salsa music from New York City.", "Dominican salsa __knowledge__ Dominican artists played salsa in NYC and around the world.", "Dominican salsa __knowledge__ Dominican salsero/sonero, Cuco Valoy is known as \"El Brujo\" (the sorcerer) and as a Latino legend that served as an ambassador for Afro-Cuban music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ The music of Cuba, including its instruments, performance and dance, comprises a large set of unique traditions influenced mostly by west African and European (especially Spanish) music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Due to the syncretic nature of most of its genres, Cuban music is often considered one of the richest and most influential regional musics of the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ For instance, the son cubano merges an adapted Spanish guitar (tres), melody, harmony, and lyrical traditions with Afro-Cuban percussion and rhythms.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Almost nothing remains of the original native traditions, since the native population was exterminated in the 16th century.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 1980s.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ The 1980s saw the emergence of dance music and new wave.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ As disco fell out of fashion in the decade's early years, genres such as post-disco, Italo disco, Euro disco and dance-pop became more popular.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ Rock music continued to enjoy a wide audience.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ Soft rock, glam metal, thrash metal, shred guitar characterized by heavy distortion, pinch harmonics and whammy bar abuse became very popular.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ Adult contemporary, quiet storm, and smooth jazz gained popularity.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ In the late 1980s, glam metal became the largest, most commercially successful brand of music in the United States and worldwide.", "Salsa romántica __knowledge__ Salsa Romántica is a soft form of salsa music that emerged between the mid-1980s and early 1990s in New York City and Puerto Rico.", "Salsa romántica __knowledge__ It has been the most commercially successful form of salsa in the last 20 years, despite criticism that it is a pale imitation of \"real\" salsa, often called \"salsa dura.\"", "Salsa romántica __knowledge__ Salsa Romántica is a slower, lighter sounding type of salsa music that La Palabra, a Cuban musician, introduced in the mid-1980s.", "Salsa romántica __knowledge__ \"Salsa romántica\" arose at a time when classic, big-band salsa, popularized by Fania Records was taking an astounding measure on the Latin record charts, owing to the merengue boom and the rise of Latin pop.", "Women in Latin music __knowledge__ Women have made significant contributions to Latin music, a genre which predates Italian explorer Christopher Columbus' arrival in Latin America in 1492 and the Spanish colonization of the Americas.", "Women in Latin music __knowledge__ The earliest musicians were Native Americans, hundreds of ethnic groups across the continent, whose lyrics \"reflect conflict, beauty, pain, and loss that mark all human experience.\"", "Women in Latin music __knowledge__ Indigenous communities reserved music for women, who were given equal opportunities with men to teach, perform, sing, and dance.", "Women in Latin music __knowledge__ Ethnomusicologists have measured ceramic, animal-bone, and cane flutes from the Inca Empire which indicate a preference for women with a high vocal range." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa is a popular form of social dance that originated in the Caribbean.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The movements of salsa have origins in Puerto Rican bomba and plena, Cuban Son, cha-cha-cha, mambo and other dance forms.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The dance, along with the salsa music, originated in the mid-1970s in New York.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Different regions of Latin America and the United States have distinct salsa styles of their own, such as Cuban, Puerto Rican, Cali Colombia, L.A. and New York styles.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa dance socials are commonly held in night clubs, bars, ballrooms, restaurants, and outside, especially if part of an outdoor festival.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ In many styles of salsa dancing, as a dancer shifts their weight by stepping, the upper body remains level and nearly unaffected by the weight changes.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Weight shifts cause the hips to move.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Arm and shoulder movements are also incorporated.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ It generally uses music suitable for dancing ranges from about 150 bpm (beats per minute) to around 250 bpm, although most dancing is done to music somewhere between 160–220 bpm.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The basic Salsa dance rhythm consists of taking three steps for every four beats of music.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The odd number of steps creates the inherent syncopation to the Salsa dancing and ensures that it takes 8 beats of music to loop back to a new sequence of steps.", "Invention of the telephone __knowledge__ The invention of the telephone was the culmination of work done by many individuals, and involved an array of lawsuits founded upon the patent claims of several individuals and numerous companies.", "Invention of the telephone __knowledge__ The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell.", "Invention of the telephone __knowledge__ The concept of the telephone dates back to the string telephone or lover's telephone that has been known for centuries, comprising two diaphragms connected by a taut string or wire.", "Invention of the telephone __knowledge__ Sound waves are carried as mechanical vibrations along the string or wire from one diaphragm to the other.", "Invention of the telephone __knowledge__ The classic example is the tin can telephone, a children's toy made by connecting the two ends of a string to the bottoms of two metal cans, paper cups or similar items.", "Glossary of patent law terms __knowledge__ This is a list of legal terms relating to patents.", "Glossary of patent law terms __knowledge__ A patent is not a right to practice or use the invention, but a territorial right to exclude others from commercially exploiting the invention, granted to an inventor or his successor in rights in exchange to a public disclosure of the invention.", "Glossary of patent law terms __knowledge__ The reply of an applicant to an office action must be made within a prescribed time limit.", "Glossary of patent law terms __knowledge__ If no reply is received within the time period, the application may be considered, depending on the jurisdiction, as abandoned or deemed to be withdrawn, and, therefore, no longer pending.", "Glossary of patent law terms __knowledge__ A fee to be paid to maintain a patent or a patent application in force.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "Hamlet __knowledge__ The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, often shortened to Hamlet (), is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare at an uncertain date between 1599 and 1602.", "Hamlet __knowledge__ Set in Denmark, the play dramatises the revenge Prince Hamlet is called to wreak upon his uncle, Claudius, by the ghost of Hamlet's father, King Hamlet.", "Hamlet __knowledge__ Claudius had murdered his own brother and seized the throne, also marrying his deceased brother's widow.", "Hamlet __knowledge__ \"Hamlet\" is Shakespeare's longest play, and is considered among the most powerful and influential works of world literature, with a story capable of \"seemingly endless retelling and adaptation by others\".", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "Photography in Denmark __knowledge__ Photography in Denmark has developed from strong participation and interest in the very beginnings of the art in 1839 to the success of a considerable number of Danes in the world of photography today.", "Photography in Denmark __knowledge__ Pioneers Mads Alstrup and Georg Emil Hansen paved the way for a rapidly growing profession during the last half of the 19th century while both artistic and press photographers have made internationally recognized contributions.", "Photography in Denmark __knowledge__ Although Denmark was slow to accept photography as an art form, Danish photographers are now increasingly active, participating in key exhibitions around the world.", "Photography in Denmark __knowledge__ Among Denmark's most successful contemporary photographers are Jacob Aue Sobol, who gained recognition for portraits of his Greenlandic girlfriend, and Per Bak Jensen, who introduced a new perspective to modern landscape photography.", "Tycho Brahe __knowledge__ Tycho Brahe (, born Tyge Ottesen Brahe (); 14 December 154624 October 1601) was a Danish nobleman, astronomer, and writer known for his accurate and comprehensive astronomical and planetary observations.", "Tycho Brahe __knowledge__ He was born in the then Danish peninsula of Scania.", "Tycho Brahe __knowledge__ Well known in his lifetime as an astronomer, astrologer and alchemist, he has been described as \"the first competent mind in modern astronomy to feel ardently the passion for exact empirical facts.\"", "Tycho Brahe __knowledge__ His observations were some five times more accurate than the best available observations at the time.", "Tycho Brahe __knowledge__ An heir to several of Denmark's principal noble families, he received a comprehensive education.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa music is a popular dance music that initially arose in New York City during the 1960s.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa is the product of various musical genres including the Cuban son montuno, guaracha, cha cha chá, mambo, and to a certain extent bolero, and the Puerto Rican bomba and plena.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Latin jazz, which was also developed in New York City, has had a significant influence on salsa arrangers, piano guajeos, and instrumental soloists.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa is primarily Cuban son, itself a fusion of Spanish canción and guitar and Afro-Cuban percussion, merged with North American music styles such as jazz.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa also occasionally incorporates elements of rock, R&B, and funk.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ The music of Cuba, including its instruments, performance and dance, comprises a large set of unique traditions influenced mostly by west African and European (especially Spanish) music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Due to the syncretic nature of most of its genres, Cuban music is often considered one of the richest and most influential regional musics of the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ For instance, the son cubano merges an adapted Spanish guitar (tres), melody, harmony, and lyrical traditions with Afro-Cuban percussion and rhythms.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Almost nothing remains of the original native traditions, since the native population was exterminated in the 16th century.", "Latin American culture __knowledge__ Latin American culture is the formal or informal expression of the people of Latin America, and includes both high culture (literature, high art) and popular culture (music, folk art and dance) as well as religion and other customary practices.", "Latin American culture __knowledge__ Latin America also has many races.", "Latin American culture __knowledge__ Definitions of Latin America vary.", "Latin American culture __knowledge__ From a cultural perspective,* Latin America generally includes those parts of the Americas where Spanish, French or Portuguese prevail: Mexico, most of Central America, and South America.", "Latin American culture __knowledge__ There is also an important Latin American cultural presence in the United States (e.g.", "Latin American culture __knowledge__ California and the Southwest, and cities such as New York city and Miami).", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The music of the United States reflects the country's multi-ethnic population through a diverse array of styles.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ It is a mixture of music influenced by West African, Irish, Scottish and mainland European among others.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The country's most internationally renowned genres are jazz, blues, country, bluegrass, rock, rhythm and blues, soul, ragtime, hip hop, barbershop, pop, experimental, techno, house, dance, boogaloo, salsa, and rock and roll.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The United States has the world's largest music market with a total retail value of 4,898.3 million dollars in 2014, and its music is heard around the world.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ Since the beginning of the 20th century, some forms of American popular music have gained a near global audience.", "Cuban salsa __knowledge__ In Cuba, a popular dance known as Casino was marketed abroad as Cuban-style salsa or Salsa Cubana to distinguish it from other salsa styles when the name was popularized in the 1970s.", "Cuban salsa __knowledge__ Dancing Casino is an expression of popular social culture; Many Cubans consider casino a part of their social and cultural activities centering on their popular music.", "Cuban salsa __knowledge__ The origins of the name \"Casino\" are \"casinos deportivos\", the dance halls where a lot of social dancing was done among the better off, white Cubans during the mid-20th century and onward.", "Cuban salsa __knowledge__ Historically, Casino traces its origin as a partner dance from Cuban Son, fused with partner figures and turns adopted from the Cuban Mambo, Cuban Cha Cha Cha, Rumba Guaguancó and North American Jive.", "Music of Latin America __knowledge__ The music of Latin America refers to music originating from Latin America, namely the Romance-speaking countries and territories of the Americas and the Caribbean south of the United States.", "Music of Latin America __knowledge__ Latin American music also incorporates African music from slaves who were transported to the Americas by European settlers as well as music from the indigenous peoples of the Americas.", "Music of Latin America __knowledge__ Due to its highly syncretic nature, Latin American music encompasses a wide variety of styles, including influential genres such as bachata, bossa nova, merengue, rumba, salsa, samba, son, and tango.", "Music of Latin America __knowledge__ During the 20th century, many styles were influenced by the music of the United States giving rise to genres such as Latin pop, rock, jazz, hip hop, and reggaeton." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa is a popular form of social dance that originated in the Caribbean.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The movements of salsa have origins in Puerto Rican bomba and plena, Cuban Son, cha-cha-cha, mambo and other dance forms.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The dance, along with the salsa music, originated in the mid-1970s in New York.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Different regions of Latin America and the United States have distinct salsa styles of their own, such as Cuban, Puerto Rican, Cali Colombia, L.A. and New York styles.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa dance socials are commonly held in night clubs, bars, ballrooms, restaurants, and outside, especially if part of an outdoor festival.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ In many styles of salsa dancing, as a dancer shifts their weight by stepping, the upper body remains level and nearly unaffected by the weight changes.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Weight shifts cause the hips to move.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Arm and shoulder movements are also incorporated.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ It generally uses music suitable for dancing ranges from about 150 bpm (beats per minute) to around 250 bpm, although most dancing is done to music somewhere between 160–220 bpm.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The basic Salsa dance rhythm consists of taking three steps for every four beats of music.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The odd number of steps creates the inherent syncopation to the Salsa dancing and ensures that it takes 8 beats of music to loop back to a new sequence of steps.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa music is a popular dance music that initially arose in New York City during the 1960s.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa is the product of various musical genres including the Cuban son montuno, guaracha, cha cha chá, mambo, and to a certain extent bolero, and the Puerto Rican bomba and plena.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Latin jazz, which was also developed in New York City, has had a significant influence on salsa arrangers, piano guajeos, and instrumental soloists.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa is primarily Cuban son, itself a fusion of Spanish canción and guitar and Afro-Cuban percussion, merged with North American music styles such as jazz.", "Salsa music __knowledge__ Salsa also occasionally incorporates elements of rock, R&B, and funk.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ The music of Cuba, including its instruments, performance and dance, comprises a large set of unique traditions influenced mostly by west African and European (especially Spanish) music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Due to the syncretic nature of most of its genres, Cuban music is often considered one of the richest and most influential regional musics of the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ For instance, the son cubano merges an adapted Spanish guitar (tres), melody, harmony, and lyrical traditions with Afro-Cuban percussion and rhythms.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Almost nothing remains of the original native traditions, since the native population was exterminated in the 16th century.", "Timba __knowledge__ Timba is a Cuban genre of music based on popular Cuban music along with \"salsa\", American funk/R&B, and the strong influence of Afro-Cuban folkloric music.", "Timba __knowledge__ Before it became the newest Cuban music and dance craze, \"timba\" was a word with several different uses yet no particular definition, mostly heard within the Afro-Cuban genre of rumba.", "Timba __knowledge__ A \"timbero\" was a complimentary term for a musician, and \"timba\" often referred to the collection of drums in a folklore ensemble.", "Timba __knowledge__ Since the 1990s, timba has referred to Cuba's intense and slightly more aggressive music and dance form.", "Timba __knowledge__ As opposed to salsa, whose roots are strictly from son and the Cuban \"conjunto\" bands of the 1940s and 1950s, timba represents a synthesis of many folkloric (rumba, guaguancó, batá drumming and the sacred songs of santería.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street.", "Smalls Paradise __knowledge__ Smalls Paradise (often called Small's Paradise and Smalls' Paradise, and not to be confused with Smalls Jazz Club), was a nightclub in Harlem, New York City.", "Smalls Paradise __knowledge__ Located in the basement of 2294 Seventh Avenue, it opened in 1925 and was owned by Ed Smalls.", "Smalls Paradise __knowledge__ At the time of the Harlem Renaissance, Smalls Paradise was the only one of the well-known Harlem night clubs to be owned by an African-American and integrated.", "Smalls Paradise __knowledge__ Other major Harlem night clubs admitted only white patrons unless the person was an African-American celebrity.", "Smalls Paradise __knowledge__ The entertainment at Smalls Paradise was not limited to the stage; waiters danced the Charleston or roller-skated as they delivered orders to customers.", "Salsa romántica __knowledge__ Salsa Romántica is a soft form of salsa music that emerged between the mid-1980s and early 1990s in New York City and Puerto Rico.", "Salsa romántica __knowledge__ It has been the most commercially successful form of salsa in the last 20 years, despite criticism that it is a pale imitation of \"real\" salsa, often called \"salsa dura.\"", "Salsa romántica __knowledge__ Salsa Romántica is a slower, lighter sounding type of salsa music that La Palabra, a Cuban musician, introduced in the mid-1980s.", "Salsa romántica __knowledge__ \"Salsa romántica\" arose at a time when classic, big-band salsa, popularized by Fania Records was taking an astounding measure on the Latin record charts, owing to the merengue boom and the rise of Latin pop.", "Nelson Batista __knowledge__ Nelson Batista is a Cuban salsa dancer.", "Nelson Batista __knowledge__ Nelson was born in 1962, in the Buena Vista neighbourhood, Havana city, Cuba.", "Nelson Batista __knowledge__ Cuban music was a part of Nelson's childhood, and through his life in Cuba, Latin dance became a family tradition, passed from father to son.", "Nelson Batista __knowledge__ He trained in dance alongside his regular studies at specialised dance courses in the Casa de Cultura community centre, and did a lot of social dancing throughout the years.", "Nelson Batista __knowledge__ He also studied economics, and studied languages to a high level.", "Nelson Batista __knowledge__ After moving to England in the Mid-eighties, he did some work for Dunn & Co., before taking up a serious career in Salsa dance.", "Prom __knowledge__ In the United States, a promenade dance, most commonly called a prom, is a semi-formal (black tie) dance or gathering of high school students.", "Prom __knowledge__ This event is typically held near the end of the senior year (the last year of high school).", "Prom __knowledge__ Proms figure greatly in popular culture and are major events among high school students.", "Prom __knowledge__ High school juniors attending the prom may call it \"junior prom\" while high-school seniors may call it \"senior prom\".", "Prom __knowledge__ In practice, this event may be a combined junior/senior dance.", "Prom __knowledge__ At a prom, a Prom King and Prom Queen may be revealed.", "Prom __knowledge__ These are honorary titles awarded to students elected in a school-wide vote prior to the prom, and seniors are usually awarded these titles.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is seen by many as 'America's classical music'.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Since the 1920s Jazz Age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression.", "Jazz __knowledge__ It then emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African-American and European-American musical parentage with a performance orientation.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation." ] ]

[ 3, 4, 5, 5 ]

[ "Both the dance and the salsa music originated in the mid 70s in New York", "Different regions of the US and Latin America have their own distinct salsa styles.", "That part I am not sure of. Salsa dance socials are often held in night clubs and ballrooms.", "I am sure there are a few, but it is also popular at outdoor festivals." ]

[ "Salsa (dance)", "Salsa (dance)", "Salsa (dance)", "Salsa (dance)" ]

[ "Science fiction", "I'm a fan of science fiction as well. Do you know of Kurt Vonnegut?", "Yeah he was a science fiction author, probably his most famous work is Slaughterhouse five. I know isaac asimov, he is credited with coming up with the three laws of robotics.", "Yeah I knew that, I knew you were a fan of science fiction!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction (often shortened to SF or sci-fi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a \"literature of ideas\".", "Science fiction __knowledge__ It usually avoids the supernatural, unlike the related genre of fantasy.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Historically, science-fiction stories have had a grounding in actual science, but now this is only expected of hard science fiction.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction is difficult to define, as it includes a wide range of subgenres and themes.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Hugo Gernsback, who suggested the term \"scientifiction\" for his \"Amazing Stories\" magazine, wrote: \"By 'scientifiction' I mean the Jules Verne, H. G. Wells and Edgar Allan Poe type of story—a charming romance intermingled with scientific fact and prophetic vision... Not only do these amazing tales make tremendously interesting reading—they are always instructive.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ They supply knowledge... in a very palatable form... New adventures pictured for us in the scientifiction of today are not at all impossible of realization tomorrow..." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction (often shortened to SF or sci-fi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a \"literature of ideas\".", "Science fiction __knowledge__ It usually avoids the supernatural, unlike the related genre of fantasy.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Historically, science-fiction stories have had a grounding in actual science, but now this is only expected of hard science fiction.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction is difficult to define, as it includes a wide range of subgenres and themes.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Hugo Gernsback, who suggested the term \"scientifiction\" for his \"Amazing Stories\" magazine, wrote: \"By 'scientifiction' I mean the Jules Verne, H. G. Wells and Edgar Allan Poe type of story—a charming romance intermingled with scientific fact and prophetic vision... Not only do these amazing tales make tremendously interesting reading—they are always instructive.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ They supply knowledge... in a very palatable form... New adventures pictured for us in the scientifiction of today are not at all impossible of realization tomorrow...", "Kurt Vonnegut __knowledge__ Kurt Vonnegut Jr. (; November 11, 1922April 11, 2007) was an American writer.", "Kurt Vonnegut __knowledge__ In a career spanning over 50 years, Vonnegut published 14 novels, three short story collections, five plays, and five works of non-fiction.", "Kurt Vonnegut __knowledge__ He is most famous for his darkly satirical, best-selling novel \"Slaughterhouse-Five\" (1969).", "Kurt Vonnegut __knowledge__ Born and raised in Indianapolis, Indiana, Vonnegut attended Cornell University, but dropped out in January 1943 and enlisted in the United States Army.", "Kurt Vonnegut __knowledge__ As part of his training, he studied mechanical engineering at Carnegie Institute of Technology (now Carnegie Mellon University) and the University of Tennessee.", "Slaughterhouse-Five __knowledge__ Slaughterhouse-Five, or The Children's Crusade: A Duty-Dance with Death (1969) is a science fiction-infused anti-war novel by Kurt Vonnegut about the World War II experiences and journeys through time of Billy Pilgrim, from his time as an American soldier and chaplain's assistant, to postwar and early years.", "Slaughterhouse-Five __knowledge__ It is generally recognized as Vonnegut's most influential and popular work.", "Slaughterhouse-Five __knowledge__ A central event is Pilgrim's surviving the Allies' firebombing of Dresden as a prisoner-of-war.", "Slaughterhouse-Five __knowledge__ This was an event in Vonnegut's own life, and the novel is considered semi-autobiographical.", "Slaughterhouse-Five __knowledge__ The story is told in a nonlinear order, and events become clear through flashbacks (or time travel experiences) from the unreliable narrator.", "Kilgore Trout __knowledge__ Kilgore Trout is a fictional character created by author Kurt Vonnegut.", "Kilgore Trout __knowledge__ In Vonnegut's work, Trout is a notably unsuccessful author of paperback science fiction novels.", "Kilgore Trout __knowledge__ Trout was inspired by author Theodore Sturgeon (Vonnegut's colleague in the genre of science fiction—Vonnegut was amused by the notion of a person with the name of a fish, Sturgeon, hence Trout), although Trout's consistent presence in Vonnegut's works has also led critics to view him as the author's own alter ego.", "Kilgore Trout __knowledge__ Neither Sturgeon nor Vonnegut was yet a successful writer when the two became friends.", "Kilgore Trout __knowledge__ In an homage to Vonnegut, Kilgore Trout is also the titular author of the novel \"Venus on the Half-Shell\", written pseudonymously by Philip José Farmer.", "Postmodern literature __knowledge__ Postmodern literature is literature characterized by reliance on narrative techniques such as fragmentation, paradox, and the unreliable narrator; and often is (though not exclusively) defined as a style or a trend which emerged in the post–World War II era.", "Postmodern literature __knowledge__ Postmodern works are seen as a response against dogmatic following of Enlightenment thinking and Modernist approaches to literature.", "Postmodern literature __knowledge__ Postmodern literature, like postmodernism as a whole, tends to resist definition or classification as a \"movement\".", "Postmodern literature __knowledge__ Indeed, the convergence of postmodern literature with various modes of critical theory, particularly reader-response and deconstructionist approaches, and the subversions of the implicit contract between author, text and reader by which its works are often characterised, have led to pre-modern fictions such as Cervantes' \"Don Quixote\" (1605, 1615) and Laurence Sterne's eighteenth-century satire \"Tristram Shandy\" being retrospectively considered by some as early examples of postmodern literature.", "Kurt Vonnegut Sr. __knowledge__ Kurt Vonnegut Sr. (November 24, 1884 – October 1, 1957) was an American architect and architectural lecturer active in early- to mid-twentieth-century Indianapolis, Indiana.", "Kurt Vonnegut Sr. __knowledge__ A member of the American Institute of Architects, he was partner in the firms of Vonnegut & Bohn, Vonnegut, Bohn & Mueller, and Vonnegut, Wright, and Yeager.", "Kurt Vonnegut Sr. __knowledge__ He designed several churches, banks, and became the inhouse architect for Indiana Bell and Hooks Drug stores (prior to World War II), practicing extensively in the Art Deco style.", "Kurt Vonnegut Sr. __knowledge__ He was the father of chemist Bernard Vonnegut and author Kurt Vonnegut Jr. Kurt Vonnegut was born November 24, 1884 in Indianapolis, Indiana, the son of Nannie Schnull Vonnegut (d. 1929), daughter of Henry Schnull, and Bernard Vonnegut Sr (1855–1908), an architect and partner in the well-established firm of Vonnegut & Bohn.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ Isaac Asimov (; born Isaak Ozimov; January 2, 1920 – April 6, 1992) was an American writer and professor of biochemistry at Boston University.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ He was known for his works of science fiction and popular science.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ Asimov was a prolific writer, and wrote or edited more than 500 books and an estimated 90,000 letters and postcards.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ His books have been published in 9 of the 10 major categories of the Dewey Decimal Classification.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ Asimov wrote hard science fiction and, along with Robert A. Heinlein and Arthur C. Clarke, he was considered one of the \"Big Three\" science fiction writers during his lifetime.", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ The literary genre of science fiction is diverse, and its exact definition remains a contested question among both scholars and devotees.", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ This lack of consensus is reflected in debates about the genre's history, particularly over determining its exact origins.", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ There are two broad camps of thought, one that identifies the genre's roots in early fantastical works such as the Sumerian \"Epic of Gilgamesh\" (earliest Sumerian text versions c. 2150–2000 BCE).", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ A second approach argues that science fiction only became possible sometime between the 17th and early 19th centuries, following the scientific revolution and major discoveries in astronomy, physics, and mathematics.", "Science fiction film __knowledge__ Science fiction film (or sci-fi film) is a genre that uses speculative, fictional science-based depictions of phenomena that are not fully accepted by mainstream science, such as extraterrestrial lifeforms, alien worlds, extrasensory perception and time travel, along with futuristic elements such as spacecraft, robots, cyborgs, interstellar travel or other technologies.", "Science fiction film __knowledge__ Science fiction films have often been used to focus on political or social issues, and to explore philosophical issues like the human condition.", "Science fiction film __knowledge__ In many cases, tropes derived from written science fiction may be used by filmmakers ignorant of or at best indifferent to the standards of scientific plausibility and plot logic to which written science fiction is traditionally held.", "Visionary fiction __knowledge__ Visionary fiction is a fiction genre with New Age or mind, body, spirit themes and perspectives, including consciousness expansion, spirituality, mysticism, and parapsychology.", "Visionary fiction __knowledge__ It is sometimes classed as a subtype of speculative fiction.", "Visionary fiction __knowledge__ Examples include the novels \"The Celestine Prophecy\" \"The Alchemist\", and \"\".", "Visionary fiction __knowledge__ The Book Industry Study Group's BISAC subject heading FIC039000 is \"FICTION / Visionary & Metaphysical\".", "Visionary fiction __knowledge__ Although similar themes and content occur in the literature of numerous cultures in many ages, the term \"visionary fiction\" was suggested by Renee Weber, professor of philosophy at Rutgers University, and used by John Algeo in a 1982 article describing recent examples and earlier precursors.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ Star Wars (later retitled Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope) is a 1977 American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ It is the first film in the original \"Star Wars\" trilogy and the beginning of the \"Star Wars\" franchise.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ Starring Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Peter Cushing, Alec Guinness, David Prowse, James Earl Jones, Anthony Daniels, Kenny Baker, and Peter Mayhew, the film's plot focuses on the Rebel Alliance, led by Princess Leia (Fisher), and its attempt to destroy the Galactic Empire's space station, the Death Star.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ This conflict disrupts the isolated life of farmhand Luke Skywalker (Hamill), who inadvertently acquires two droids that possess stolen architectural plans for the Death Star.", "Robert A. Heinlein __knowledge__ Robert Anson Heinlein (; July 7, 1907 – May 8, 1988) was an American science fiction writer.", "Robert A. Heinlein __knowledge__ Often called the \"dean of science fiction writers\", his sometimes controversial works continue to have an influential effect on the genre, and on modern culture more generally.", "Robert A. Heinlein __knowledge__ Heinlein became one of the first American science fiction writers to break into mainstream magazines such as \"The Saturday Evening Post\" in the late 1940s.", "Robert A. Heinlein __knowledge__ He was one of the best-selling science fiction novelists for many decades, and he, Isaac Asimov, and Arthur C. Clarke are often considered the \"Big Three\" of English-language science fiction authors." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction (often shortened to SF or sci-fi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a \"literature of ideas\".", "Science fiction __knowledge__ It usually avoids the supernatural, unlike the related genre of fantasy.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Historically, science-fiction stories have had a grounding in actual science, but now this is only expected of hard science fiction.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction is difficult to define, as it includes a wide range of subgenres and themes.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Hugo Gernsback, who suggested the term \"scientifiction\" for his \"Amazing Stories\" magazine, wrote: \"By 'scientifiction' I mean the Jules Verne, H. G. Wells and Edgar Allan Poe type of story—a charming romance intermingled with scientific fact and prophetic vision... Not only do these amazing tales make tremendously interesting reading—they are always instructive.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ They supply knowledge... in a very palatable form... New adventures pictured for us in the scientifiction of today are not at all impossible of realization tomorrow...", "Three Laws of Robotics __knowledge__ The Three Laws of Robotics (often shortened to The Three Laws or known as Asimov's Laws) are a set of rules devised by the science fiction author Isaac Asimov.", "Three Laws of Robotics __knowledge__ The rules were introduced in his 1942 short story \"Runaround\" (included in the 1950 collection \"I, Robot\"), although they had been foreshadowed in a few earlier stories.", "Three Laws of Robotics __knowledge__ The Three Laws, quoted as being from the \"Handbook of Robotics, 56th Edition, 2058 A.D.\", are: These form an organizing principle and unifying theme for Asimov's robotic-based fiction, appearing in his \"Robot\" series, the stories linked to it, and his \"Lucky Starr\" series of young-adult fiction.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ Isaac Asimov (; born Isaak Ozimov; January 2, 1920 – April 6, 1992) was an American writer and professor of biochemistry at Boston University.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ He was known for his works of science fiction and popular science.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ Asimov was a prolific writer, and wrote or edited more than 500 books and an estimated 90,000 letters and postcards.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ His books have been published in 9 of the 10 major categories of the Dewey Decimal Classification.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ Asimov wrote hard science fiction and, along with Robert A. Heinlein and Arthur C. Clarke, he was considered one of the \"Big Three\" science fiction writers during his lifetime.", "I, Robot __knowledge__ I, Robot is a fixup of science fiction short stories or essays by American writer Isaac Asimov.", "I, Robot __knowledge__ The stories originally appeared in the American magazines \"Super Science Stories\" and \"Astounding Science Fiction\" between 1940 and 1950 and were then compiled into a book for stand-alone publication by Gnome Press in 1950, in an initial edition of 5,000 copies.", "I, Robot __knowledge__ The stories are woven together by a framing narrative in which the fictional Dr. Susan Calvin tells each story to a reporter (who serves as the narrator) in the 21st century.", "I, Robot __knowledge__ Although the stories can be read separately, they share a theme of the interaction of humans, robots, and morality, and when combined they tell a larger story of Asimov's fictional history of robotics.", "Robotics __knowledge__ Robotics is an interdisciplinary branch of engineering and science that includes mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, computer science, and others.", "Robotics __knowledge__ Robotics deals with the design, construction, operation, and use of robots, as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing.", "Robotics __knowledge__ These technologies are used to develop machines that can substitute for humans and replicate human actions.", "Robotics __knowledge__ Robots can be used in any situation and for any purpose, but today many are used in dangerous environments (including bomb detection and de-activation), manufacturing processes, or where humans cannot survive.", "Robot __knowledge__ A robot is a machine—especially one programmable by a computer— capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically.", "Robot __knowledge__ Robots can be guided by an external control device or the control may be embedded within.", "Robot __knowledge__ Robots may be constructed to take on human form but most robots are machines designed to perform a task with no regard to how they look.", "Robot __knowledge__ Robots can be autonomous or semi-autonomous and range from humanoids such as Honda's \"Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility\" (ASIMO) and TOSY's \"TOSY Ping Pong Playing Robot\" (TOPIO) to industrial robots, medical operating robots, patient assist robots, dog therapy robots, collectively programmed \"swarm\" robots, UAV drones such as General Atomics MQ-1 Predator, and even microscopic nano robots.", "Positronic brain __knowledge__ A positronic brain is a fictional technological device, originally conceived by science fiction writer Isaac Asimov.", "Positronic brain __knowledge__ It functions as a central processing unit (CPU) for robots, and, in some unspecified way, provides them with a form of consciousness recognizable to humans.", "Positronic brain __knowledge__ When Asimov wrote his first robot stories in 1939 and 1940, the positron was a newly discovered particle, and so the buzz word \"positronic\" added a contemporary gloss of popular science to the concept.", "Positronic brain __knowledge__ The short story \"Runaround\", by Asimov, elaborates on the concept, in the context of his fictional Three Laws of Robotics.", "Positronic brain __knowledge__ Asimov remained vague about the technical details of positronic brains except to assert that their substructure was formed from an alloy of platinum and iridium.", "Autobiographies of Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ Isaac Asimov (1920–1992) wrote three volumes of autobiography.", "Autobiographies of Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ In Memory Yet Green (1979) and In Joy Still Felt (1980) were a two-volume work, covering his life up to 1978.", "Autobiographies of Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ The third volume, I Asimov: A Memoir (1994), published after his death, was not a sequel but a new work which covered his whole life.", "Autobiographies of Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ This third book won a Hugo Award.", "Autobiographies of Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ Before writing these books, Asimov also published three anthologies of science fiction stories which contained autobiographical accounts of his life in the introductions to the stories: \"The Early Asimov\" (1972), \"Before the Golden Age\" (1974), and \"Buy Jupiter and Other Stories\" (1975).", "Foundation series __knowledge__ The \"Foundation\" series is a science fiction book series written by American author Isaac Asimov.", "Foundation series __knowledge__ For nearly thirty years, the series was a trilogy: \"Foundation\", \"Foundation and Empire\", and \"Second Foundation\".", "Foundation series __knowledge__ It won the one-time Hugo Award for \"Best All-Time Series\" in 1966.", "Foundation series __knowledge__ Asimov began adding to the series in 1981, with two sequels: \"Foundation's Edge\", \"Foundation and Earth\", and two prequels: \"Prelude to Foundation\", \"Forward the Foundation\".", "Foundation series __knowledge__ The additions made reference to events in Asimov's \"Robot\" and \"Empire\" series, indicating that they were also set in the same fictional universe.", "Fantastic Voyage __knowledge__ Fantastic Voyage is a 1966 American science fiction film directed by Richard Fleischer and written by Harry Kleiner, based on a story by Otto Klement and Jerome Bixby.", "Fantastic Voyage __knowledge__ The film is about a submarine crew who shrink to microscopic size and venture into the body of an injured scientist to repair the damage to his brain.", "Fantastic Voyage __knowledge__ The original story took place in the 19th century and was meant to be a Jules Verne–style adventure with a sense of wonder.", "Fantastic Voyage __knowledge__ Kleiner abandoned all but the concept of miniaturization and added a Cold War element.", "Fantastic Voyage __knowledge__ The film starred Stephen Boyd, Raquel Welch, Edmond O'Brien, Donald Pleasence, and Arthur Kennedy.", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ The literary genre of science fiction is diverse, and its exact definition remains a contested question among both scholars and devotees.", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ This lack of consensus is reflected in debates about the genre's history, particularly over determining its exact origins.", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ There are two broad camps of thought, one that identifies the genre's roots in early fantastical works such as the Sumerian \"Epic of Gilgamesh\" (earliest Sumerian text versions c. 2150–2000 BCE).", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ A second approach argues that science fiction only became possible sometime between the 17th and early 19th centuries, following the scientific revolution and major discoveries in astronomy, physics, and mathematics." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction (often shortened to SF or sci-fi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a \"literature of ideas\".", "Science fiction __knowledge__ It usually avoids the supernatural, unlike the related genre of fantasy.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Historically, science-fiction stories have had a grounding in actual science, but now this is only expected of hard science fiction.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction is difficult to define, as it includes a wide range of subgenres and themes.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ Hugo Gernsback, who suggested the term \"scientifiction\" for his \"Amazing Stories\" magazine, wrote: \"By 'scientifiction' I mean the Jules Verne, H. G. Wells and Edgar Allan Poe type of story—a charming romance intermingled with scientific fact and prophetic vision... Not only do these amazing tales make tremendously interesting reading—they are always instructive.", "Science fiction __knowledge__ They supply knowledge... in a very palatable form... New adventures pictured for us in the scientifiction of today are not at all impossible of realization tomorrow...", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Science fiction and fantasy magazines began to be published in the US in the 1920s.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Stories with science fiction themes had been appearing for decades in pulp magazines such as \"Argosy\", but there were no magazines that specialized in a single genre until 1915, when Street & Smith, one of the major pulp publishers, brought out \"Detective Story Magazine\".", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ The first magazine to focus solely on fantasy and horror was \"Weird Tales\", which was launched in 1923, and established itself as the leading weird fiction magazine over the next two decades; writers such as H.P.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Lovecraft, Clark Ashton Smith and Robert E. Howard became regular contributors.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Amazing Stories is an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Science fiction stories had made regular appearances in other magazines, including some published by Gernsback, but \"Amazing\" helped define and launch a new genre of pulp fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ \"Amazing\" was published, with some interruptions, for almost eighty years, going through a half-dozen owners and many editors as it struggled to be profitable.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Gernsback was forced into bankruptcy and lost control of the magazine in 1929, and by 1938 it was purchased by Ziff-Davis, who hired Raymond A. Palmer as editor.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ Isaac Asimov (; born Isaak Ozimov; January 2, 1920 – April 6, 1992) was an American writer and professor of biochemistry at Boston University.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ He was known for his works of science fiction and popular science.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ Asimov was a prolific writer, and wrote or edited more than 500 books and an estimated 90,000 letters and postcards.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ His books have been published in 9 of the 10 major categories of the Dewey Decimal Classification.", "Isaac Asimov __knowledge__ Asimov wrote hard science fiction and, along with Robert A. Heinlein and Arthur C. Clarke, he was considered one of the \"Big Three\" science fiction writers during his lifetime.", "Future Science Fiction and Science Fiction Stories __knowledge__ Future Science Fiction and Science Fiction Stories were two American science fiction magazines that were published under various names between 1939 and 1943 and again from 1950 to 1960.", "Future Science Fiction and Science Fiction Stories __knowledge__ Both publications were edited by Charles Hornig for the first few issues; Robert W. Lowndes took over in late 1941, and remained editor until the end.", "Future Science Fiction and Science Fiction Stories __knowledge__ The initial launch of the magazines came as part of a boom in science fiction pulp magazine publishing at the end of the 1930s.", "Future Science Fiction and Science Fiction Stories __knowledge__ In 1941 the two magazines were combined into one, titled \"Future Fiction combined with Science Fiction\", but in 1943 wartime paper shortages ended the magazine's run, as Louis Silberkleit, the publisher, decided to focus his resources on his mystery and western magazine titles.", "LGBT themes in speculative fiction __knowledge__ LGBT themes in speculative fiction refer to the incorporation of lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBT) themes into science fiction, fantasy, horror fiction and related genres.", "LGBT themes in speculative fiction __knowledge__ Such elements may include an LGBT character as the protagonist or a major character, or explorations of sexuality or gender that deviate from the hetero-normative.", "LGBT themes in speculative fiction __knowledge__ Science fiction and fantasy have traditionally been puritanical genres aimed at a male readership, and can be more restricted than non-genre literature by their conventions of characterisation and the effect that these conventions have on depictions of sexuality and gender.", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ The literary genre of science fiction is diverse, and its exact definition remains a contested question among both scholars and devotees.", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ This lack of consensus is reflected in debates about the genre's history, particularly over determining its exact origins.", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ There are two broad camps of thought, one that identifies the genre's roots in early fantastical works such as the Sumerian \"Epic of Gilgamesh\" (earliest Sumerian text versions c. 2150–2000 BCE).", "History of science fiction __knowledge__ A second approach argues that science fiction only became possible sometime between the 17th and early 19th centuries, following the scientific revolution and major discoveries in astronomy, physics, and mathematics.", "Three Laws of Robotics __knowledge__ The Three Laws of Robotics (often shortened to The Three Laws or known as Asimov's Laws) are a set of rules devised by the science fiction author Isaac Asimov.", "Three Laws of Robotics __knowledge__ The rules were introduced in his 1942 short story \"Runaround\" (included in the 1950 collection \"I, Robot\"), although they had been foreshadowed in a few earlier stories.", "Three Laws of Robotics __knowledge__ The Three Laws, quoted as being from the \"Handbook of Robotics, 56th Edition, 2058 A.D.\", are: These form an organizing principle and unifying theme for Asimov's robotic-based fiction, appearing in his \"Robot\" series, the stories linked to it, and his \"Lucky Starr\" series of young-adult fiction.", "Runaround (story) __knowledge__ \"Runaround\" is a science fiction short story by American writer Isaac Asimov, featuring his recurring characters Powell and Donovan.", "Runaround (story) __knowledge__ It was written in October 1941 and first published in the March 1942 issue of \"Astounding Science Fiction\".", "Runaround (story) __knowledge__ It appears in the collections \"I, Robot\" (1950), \"The Complete Robot\" (1982), and \"Robot Visions\" (1990).", "Runaround (story) __knowledge__ \"Runaround\" features the first explicit appearance of the Three Laws of Robotics, which had previously only been implied in Asimov's robot stories.", "Runaround (story) __knowledge__ Artificial intelligence researcher Marvin Minsky said: \"After 'Runaround' appeared in the March 1942 issue of \"Astounding\" [now \"Analog Science Fiction and Fact\" ], I never stopped thinking about how minds might work.\"", "Robotics __knowledge__ Robotics is an interdisciplinary branch of engineering and science that includes mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, computer science, and others.", "Robotics __knowledge__ Robotics deals with the design, construction, operation, and use of robots, as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing.", "Robotics __knowledge__ These technologies are used to develop machines that can substitute for humans and replicate human actions.", "Robotics __knowledge__ Robots can be used in any situation and for any purpose, but today many are used in dangerous environments (including bomb detection and de-activation), manufacturing processes, or where humans cannot survive.", "Short story __knowledge__ A short story is a piece of prose fiction that can be read in one sitting.", "Short story __knowledge__ Emerging from earlier oral storytelling traditions in the 17th century, the short story has grown to encompass a body of work so diverse as to defy easy characterization.", "Short story __knowledge__ At its most prototypical the short story features a small cast of named characters, and focuses on a self-contained incident with the intent of evoking a \"single effect\" or mood.", "Short story __knowledge__ In doing so, short stories make use of plot, resonance, and other dynamic components to a far greater degree than is typical of an anecdote, yet to a far lesser degree than a novel.", "MIT Mystery Hunt __knowledge__ The MIT Mystery Hunt is an annual puzzlehunt competition at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.", "MIT Mystery Hunt __knowledge__ As one of the oldest and most complex puzzlehunts in the world, it attracts roughly 60 teams and 2,500 contestants annually, in teams of 5 to 200 people.", "MIT Mystery Hunt __knowledge__ It has inspired similar competitions at Microsoft, Stanford University, Melbourne University, University of South Carolina, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and University of Aveiro (Portugal) as well as in the Seattle, San Francisco, Miami, Washington, DC, Indianapolis and Columbus, Ohio metropolitan areas.", "MIT Mystery Hunt __knowledge__ Because the puzzle solutions require knowledge of esoteric and eclectic topics, the hunt is often fused with popular stereotypes of MIT students.", "Fragile (Yes album) __knowledge__ Fragile is the fourth studio album by the English progressive rock band Yes, released in November 1971 by Atlantic Records.", "Fragile (Yes album) __knowledge__ After touring in support of their previous album, \"The Yes Album\" (1971), the band entered rehearsals in London in preparation for their next studio album.", "Fragile (Yes album) __knowledge__ Early into the sessions, keyboardist Tony Kaye was fired over his lack of interest in learning more electronic keyboards.", "Fragile (Yes album) __knowledge__ He was replaced with Rick Wakeman of the Strawbs, whose experience with various instruments helped expand the group's sound with the addition of the electric piano and harpsichord, Mellotron, and Minimoog synthesiser." ] ]

[ 5, 31, 9, 37 ]

[ "Hi there! Hope you are well! Science fiction is my favorite genre of movies and books, though it includes a vast range of sub-categories and such.", "His name sounds familiar. Is he an author? I am a huge fan of Isaac Asimov. He was an author, and also a biochemistry professor.", "Yes! Those rules made their debut in Isaac's short story, \"Runaround\"! ", "Very much so! I haven't spoke to anyone else that knows of Isaac. wish I was around when his \"Runaround\" was published in March 1942." ]

[ "Science fiction", "Science fiction", "Science fiction", "Science fiction" ]

[ "South Park", "I lov esouth PArk!", "They really have. I especially loved the movie, South Park: Bigger Longer and Uncut. Satan was hilarious.", "They're probably my favorite characters. Kenny is always dying in some weird way." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "South Park __knowledge__ South Park is an American adult animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and developed by Brian Graden for the Comedy Central television network.", "South Park __knowledge__ The show revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their bizarre adventures in and around the titular Colorado town.", "South Park __knowledge__ Much like \"The Simpsons\", \"South Park\" uses a very large ensemble cast of recurring characters and became infamous for its profanity and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics towards a mature audience.", "South Park __knowledge__ Parker and Stone developed the show from \"The Spirit of Christmas\", two consecutive animated shorts created in 1992 and 1995.", "South Park __knowledge__ The latter became one of the first Internet viral videos, ultimately leading to \"South Park\"'s production.", "South Park __knowledge__ It debuted in August 1997 with great success, consistently earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program.", "South Park __knowledge__ Subsequent ratings have varied but it remains one of Comedy Central's highest rated shows, and is slated to air in new episodes through 2019.", "South Park __knowledge__ The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation, leading to all subsequent episodes being produced with computer animation that emulated the cutout technique." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "South Park __knowledge__ South Park is an American adult animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and developed by Brian Graden for the Comedy Central television network.", "South Park __knowledge__ The show revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their bizarre adventures in and around the titular Colorado town.", "South Park __knowledge__ Much like \"The Simpsons\", \"South Park\" uses a very large ensemble cast of recurring characters and became infamous for its profanity and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics towards a mature audience.", "South Park __knowledge__ Parker and Stone developed the show from \"The Spirit of Christmas\", two consecutive animated shorts created in 1992 and 1995.", "South Park __knowledge__ The latter became one of the first Internet viral videos, ultimately leading to \"South Park\"'s production.", "South Park __knowledge__ It debuted in August 1997 with great success, consistently earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program.", "South Park __knowledge__ Subsequent ratings have varied but it remains one of Comedy Central's highest rated shows, and is slated to air in new episodes through 2019.", "South Park __knowledge__ The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation, leading to all subsequent episodes being produced with computer animation that emulated the cutout technique.", "Howard Kaloogian __knowledge__ Howard James Kaloogian (born December 30, 1959) is an American politician and a former member of the California State Assembly.", "Howard Kaloogian __knowledge__ A Republican, he failed in 2004 to be elected to the United States Senate and in 2006 to be elected to the House.", "Howard Kaloogian __knowledge__ Kaloogian grew up in Michigan, of Armenian-born parents.", "Howard Kaloogian __knowledge__ Kaloogian earned a Bachelor's from Michigan State University and a law degree from Pepperdine University.", "Howard Kaloogian __knowledge__ During 1988–1996, he was an estate attorney.", "Howard Kaloogian __knowledge__ He got his start in politics at the suggestion of Bill Morrow, after Morrow read a strongly worded letter Kaloogian wrote to the editor of the San Diego \"Union-Tribune\" purporting to correct a reader's misleading interpretation of the preamble to the Constitution of the United States.", "California gubernatorial recall election __knowledge__ The 2003 California gubernatorial recall election was a special election permitted under California state law.", "California gubernatorial recall election __knowledge__ It resulted in voters replacing incumbent Democratic Governor Gray Davis with Republican Arnold Schwarzenegger.", "California gubernatorial recall election __knowledge__ Davis was ineligible to run for a third term due to term limits after the recall election.", "California gubernatorial recall election __knowledge__ The recall effort spanned the latter half of 2003.", "California gubernatorial recall election __knowledge__ Other California governors, including Pat Brown, Ronald Reagan, Jerry Brown, and Pete Wilson, had faced unsuccessful recall attempts.", "California gubernatorial recall election __knowledge__ After several legal and procedural efforts failed to stop it, California's first-ever gubernatorial recall election was held on October 7, and the results were certified on November 14, 2003, making Davis the first governor recalled in the history of California, and just the second in U.S. history (the first was North Dakota's 1921 recall of Lynn Frazier).", "Tea Party Express __knowledge__ The Tea Party Express is a California-based group founded in the summer of 2009 to support the Tea Party movement.", "Tea Party Express __knowledge__ Founded as a national bus tour to rally Tea Party activists, the group's leadership also endorses and promotes conservative candidates running for state and federal offices.", "Tea Party Express __knowledge__ It was founded as a project of the political action committee Our Country Deserves Better PAC by Republican party members Howard Kaloogian and Sal Russo.", "Tea Party Express __knowledge__ The Sacramento-based GOP political consulting firm Russo Marsh and Rogers founded the Tea Party Express through its political action committee Our Country Deserves Better (OCDB) in the summer of 2009.", "Black Buffalo (wrestler) __knowledge__ Yamada made his professional wrestling debut on August 2, 1993, working under his real name for the Oriental Puroresu promotion.", "Black Buffalo (wrestler) __knowledge__ Shortly afterwards, he left the promotion to become a freelancer.", "Black Buffalo (wrestler) __knowledge__ In 1994, Yamada joined the International Wrestling Association of Japan promotion.", "Black Buffalo (wrestler) __knowledge__ During his years in IWA Japan, Yamada had several high-profile matches with the likes of Cactus Jack, Terry Funk and Tiger Jeet Singh, and, at the end of his run, also served as the president of the promotion.", "Black Buffalo (wrestler) __knowledge__ He quit the promotion in 1999.", "Black Buffalo (wrestler) __knowledge__ In April 1999, Yamada joined the Osaka Pro Wrestling promotion, where he began wrestling under a mask as Black Buffalo, a character inspired by the Osaka Kintetsu Buffaloes baseball team.", "Light-oxygen-voltage-sensing domain __knowledge__ A Light-oxygen-voltage-sensing domain (LOV domain) is a protein sensor used by a large variety of higher plants, microalgae, fungi and bacteria to sense environmental conditions.", "Light-oxygen-voltage-sensing domain __knowledge__ In higher plants, they are used to control phototropism, chloroplast relocation, and stomatal opening, whereas in fungal organisms, they are used for adjusting the circadian temporal organization of the cells to the daily and seasonal periods.", "Light-oxygen-voltage-sensing domain __knowledge__ Common to all LOV proteins is the blue-light sensitive flavin chromophore, which in the signaling state is covalently linked to the protein core via an adjacent cysteine residue.", "Sara Lov __knowledge__ Singer/songwriter Sara Lov was born in Hawaii in 1970 and later was raised by her mother in Los Angeles after the divorce of her parents.", "Sara Lov __knowledge__ At the age of four she was kidnapped by her father, who was in the midst of a custody battle, and she was taken to Israel.", "Sara Lov __knowledge__ Sara Lov lived there with an international fugitive from justice until a decade later when an uncle brought about her repatriation to the United States.", "Sara Lov __knowledge__ In 1998 Lov formed the dream pop duo Devics alongside pianist Dustin O'Halloran.", "Sara Lov __knowledge__ In 2001, the group signed with Bella Union, a U.K.-based record label run by Cocteau Twins' Simon Raymonde, and moved to Italy.", "Lillehammer Olympiapark __knowledge__ Lillehammer Olympiapark AS, trading as Olympiaparken, is a company established following the 1994 Winter Olympics to operate the Olympic venues in Lillehammer, Norway.", "Lillehammer Olympiapark __knowledge__ Owned by Lillehammer Municipality, it operates five sports venues: Birkebeineren Ski Stadium, Håkons Hall, Lillehammer Olympic Bobsleigh and Luge Track, Kanthaugen Freestyle Arena and the ski jumping hill of Lysgårdsbakken.", "Lillehammer Olympiapark __knowledge__ In addition to serving sports events, the company provides tourist and group activities at the venues as well as catering to larger events.", "Lillehammer Olympiapark __knowledge__ In the Lillehammer bid for the 1994 Winter Olympics, the agreement between Lillehammer Municipality and the state specified that the municipality was responsible for financing all necessary sports venues.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut is a 1999 American adult animated musical comedy film based on the Comedy Central animated television series \"South Park\".", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ The film was directed by series creator Trey Parker and stars the regular television cast of Parker, Matt Stone, Mary Kay Bergman, and Isaac Hayes, with guest performances by George Clooney, Eric Idle and Mike Judge.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ Paramount Pictures via Paramount Animation handled U.S. and Canada distribution, while Warner Bros. Pictures via handled international distribution.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ The film follows the four boys Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick as they sneak into an R-rated film featuring Canadian actors Terrance and Phillip and begin cursing incessantly.", "South Park: The Stick of Truth __knowledge__ South Park: The Stick of Truth is a 2014 role-playing video game developed by Obsidian Entertainment in collaboration with South Park Digital Studios and published by Ubisoft.", "South Park: The Stick of Truth __knowledge__ Based on the American adult animated television series \"South Park\", the game follows the New Kid, who has moved to the eponymous town and becomes involved in an epic role-play fantasy war involving humans, wizards, and elves, who are fighting for control of the all-powerful Stick of Truth.", "South Park: The Stick of Truth __knowledge__ Their game quickly escalates out of control and brings them into conflict with aliens, Nazi zombies, and gnomes, threatening the entire town with destruction.", "American Dad! __knowledge__ American Dad!", "American Dad! __knowledge__ is an American adult animated sitcom created by Seth MacFarlane, Mike Barker, and Matt Weitzman for the Fox Broadcasting Company.", "American Dad! __knowledge__ \"American Dad!\"", "American Dad! __knowledge__ is the first television series to have its inception on Animation Domination.", "American Dad! __knowledge__ The series premiered on February 6, 2005, following Super Bowl XXXIX, three months before the rest of the first season aired as part of the Animation Domination block, commencing on May 1, 2005.", "American Dad! __knowledge__ Creative direction of \"American Dad!\"", "American Dad! __knowledge__ has largely been guided by Barker (prior to his exit from the show in season 10) and Weitzman as opposed to MacFarlane, resulting in a series that is different from its counterparts.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The series is a satirical depiction of working-class life, epitomized by the Simpson family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield and parodies American culture and society, television, and the human condition.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family, substituting Bart for his own name.", "South Park: The Fractured but Whole __knowledge__ South Park: The Fractured but Whole is a role-playing video game developed by Ubisoft San Francisco and published by Ubisoft in collaboration with South Park Digital Studios.", "South Park: The Fractured but Whole __knowledge__ Based on the American adult animated television series \"South Park\", it is the sequel to the 2014 video game \"\".", "South Park: The Fractured but Whole __knowledge__ The game's narrative occurs one day after the events of its predecessor; it follows the New Kid, who has recently moved to South Park and becomes involved in an epic roleplay involving two rival superhero factions vying to create their own superhero media franchises.", "South Park: The Fractured but Whole __knowledge__ The superheroes' game unintentionally uncovers a conspiracy to raise crime in the town, bringing them into conflict with supervillains, genetically engineered monsters, the police, crime families, and the new kingpin of crime.", "South Park controversies __knowledge__ \"South Park\" is an American animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone.", "South Park controversies __knowledge__ Its frequent depiction of taboo subject matter, unusual (especially Sophomoric) humor and portrayal of religion for comic effect has generated controversy and debate throughout the world over the course of its 20 seasons.", "South Park controversies __knowledge__ Stone and Parker, who both continue to be heavily involved in the writing and production of each episode, use the show frequently to lampoon a wide range of topics and both sides of contentious issues.", "South Park controversies __knowledge__ Parker and Stone usually reply to such controversies by regarding themselves as \"equal opportunity offenders\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "South Park __knowledge__ South Park is an American adult animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and developed by Brian Graden for the Comedy Central television network.", "South Park __knowledge__ The show revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their bizarre adventures in and around the titular Colorado town.", "South Park __knowledge__ Much like \"The Simpsons\", \"South Park\" uses a very large ensemble cast of recurring characters and became infamous for its profanity and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics towards a mature audience.", "South Park __knowledge__ Parker and Stone developed the show from \"The Spirit of Christmas\", two consecutive animated shorts created in 1992 and 1995.", "South Park __knowledge__ The latter became one of the first Internet viral videos, ultimately leading to \"South Park\"'s production.", "South Park __knowledge__ It debuted in August 1997 with great success, consistently earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program.", "South Park __knowledge__ Subsequent ratings have varied but it remains one of Comedy Central's highest rated shows, and is slated to air in new episodes through 2019.", "South Park __knowledge__ The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation, leading to all subsequent episodes being produced with computer animation that emulated the cutout technique.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut is a 1999 American adult animated musical comedy film based on the Comedy Central animated television series \"South Park\".", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ The film was directed by series creator Trey Parker and stars the regular television cast of Parker, Matt Stone, Mary Kay Bergman, and Isaac Hayes, with guest performances by George Clooney, Eric Idle and Mike Judge.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ Paramount Pictures via Paramount Animation handled U.S. and Canada distribution, while Warner Bros. Pictures via handled international distribution.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ The film follows the four boys Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick as they sneak into an R-rated film featuring Canadian actors Terrance and Phillip and begin cursing incessantly.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring characters in the animated television series South Park.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ This does not include the school children, family members or the school staff.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ \"Al Gore\" (voiced by Trey Parker in the \"ManBearPig\" episode and Matt Stone in \"The Red Badge of Gayness\" episode) is the former Vice President of the United States and also tries to alert the children of South Park of a mystical creature named \"ManBearPig\".", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ He constantly says \"I'm super cereal!\"", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ and \"excelsior!\"", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ during certain situations; he also appears to be ignorant and insecure.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ Gore also appears in during the Imaginationland saga where he's shown wearing a red cape and yelling \"excelsior!", "Damien (South Park) __knowledge__ \"Damien\" is the tenth episode in the first season of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Damien (South Park) __knowledge__ It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on February 4, 1998.", "Damien (South Park) __knowledge__ In the episode, the boys' class is joined by a new student named Damien, who has been sent by his father Satan to find Jesus and arrange a boxing match between the two.", "Damien (South Park) __knowledge__ The majority of South Park's residents bet on Satan to win the match due to his enormous size and muscular physique, but Satan ultimately throws the fight and reveals he bet on Jesus, thus winning everybody's money.", "Damien (South Park) __knowledge__ The episode was written by series co-creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone, with additional dialogue by Dave Polsky, and directed by Parker.", "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride __knowledge__ \"Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride\" is the fourth episode in the first season of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride __knowledge__ It originally aired on September 3, 1997 on Comedy Central in the United States.", "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride __knowledge__ The episode was written by series co-founders Trey Parker and Matt Stone, and directed by Parker.", "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride __knowledge__ In this episode, Stan's dog, Sparky, is revealed to be gay after humping a rival male dog.", "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride __knowledge__ Under peer pressure, Stan tries to make him more masculine, and as a result, Sparky runs away and ends up at Big Gay Al's Big Gay Animal Sanctuary.", "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride __knowledge__ Stan comes to understand homosexuality and tries to make everyone in South Park accept it.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The thirteenth season of \"South Park\", an American animated television comedy series, originally aired in the United States on Comedy Central between March 11 and November 18, 2009.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The season was headed by the series creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone, who served as executive producers along with Anne Garefino.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The season continued to focus on the exploits of protagonists Stan, Kyle, Cartman, Kenny and Butters in the fictional Colorado mountain town of South Park.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The season was the first of three new seasons Parker and Stone agreed to produce for the network under a renewal deal.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ It consisted of fourteen 22-minute episodes, which aired in two groups of seven episodes separated by a six-month gap.", "South Park: The Stick of Truth __knowledge__ South Park: The Stick of Truth is a 2014 role-playing video game developed by Obsidian Entertainment in collaboration with South Park Digital Studios and published by Ubisoft.", "South Park: The Stick of Truth __knowledge__ Based on the American adult animated television series \"South Park\", the game follows the New Kid, who has moved to the eponymous town and becomes involved in an epic role-play fantasy war involving humans, wizards, and elves, who are fighting for control of the all-powerful Stick of Truth.", "South Park: The Stick of Truth __knowledge__ Their game quickly escalates out of control and brings them into conflict with aliens, Nazi zombies, and gnomes, threatening the entire town with destruction.", "Trapped in the Closet (South Park) __knowledge__ \"Trapped in the Closet\" is the twelfth episode in the ninth season of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Trapped in the Closet (South Park) __knowledge__ The 137th episode of the series overall, it originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on November 16, 2005.", "Trapped in the Closet (South Park) __knowledge__ In the episode, Stan joins Scientology in an attempt to find something \"fun and free\".", "Trapped in the Closet (South Park) __knowledge__ After the discovery of his surprisingly high \"thetan levels\", he is recognized as the reincarnation of L. Ron Hubbard, the founder of the church.", "Trapped in the Closet (South Park) __knowledge__ The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker.", "Trapped in the Closet (South Park) __knowledge__ The title is a reference to the R. Kelly serialized song of the same name and a satirized version of R. Kelly appears in the episode.", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ Various student characters attend the fictional school South Park Elementary in the animated television show \"South Park\".", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ The school is one of the most prominent settings on the show, the narrative of which revolves mostly around the students.", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ While there have been a few characters from varying grades have been depicted in recurring minor roles, the students in the fourth grade—including central characters Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Kenny McCormick, and Eric Cartman—receive the primary focus of the series.", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ The fourth grade class is taught throughout most of the series by Mr. Garrison, with a hiatus between seasons 4 and 6 when he is replaced by Ms. Choksondik.", "List of South Park families __knowledge__ The following are fictional characters in the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "List of South Park families __knowledge__ Randy and Sharon Marsh are the most prominent set of parents on the show.", "List of South Park families __knowledge__ Their first names are derived from the first names of series co-creator Trey Parker's parents.", "List of South Park families __knowledge__ and Parker describes Randy as \"the biggest dingbat in the entire show.\"", "List of South Park families __knowledge__ Randy is voiced by Parker.", "List of South Park families __knowledge__ Sharon was originally voiced by Mary Kay Bergman, later Eliza Schneider, and is currently voiced by April Stewart.", "List of South Park families __knowledge__ Shelly Lynn Marsh is Randy and Sharon's daughter and Stan's older sister.", "List of South Park families __knowledge__ The character was voiced by Mary Kay Bergman until Bergman's death, and Shelly has subsequently been voiced by Eliza Schneider.", "List of South Park characters __knowledge__ \"South Park\" is an American animated television series created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone for the Comedy Central television network.", "List of South Park characters __knowledge__ The ongoing narrative revolves around four children, Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman and Kenny McCormick, and their bizarre adventures in and around the fictional and eponymous Colorado town.", "List of South Park characters __knowledge__ The town is also home to an assortment of characters who make frequent appearances in the show such as students and their family members, elementary school staff, and recurring characters.", "List of South Park characters __knowledge__ Stan is portrayed as the everyman of the group, as the show's official website describes him as \"a normal, average, American, mixed-up kid\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "South Park __knowledge__ South Park is an American adult animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and developed by Brian Graden for the Comedy Central television network.", "South Park __knowledge__ The show revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their bizarre adventures in and around the titular Colorado town.", "South Park __knowledge__ Much like \"The Simpsons\", \"South Park\" uses a very large ensemble cast of recurring characters and became infamous for its profanity and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics towards a mature audience.", "South Park __knowledge__ Parker and Stone developed the show from \"The Spirit of Christmas\", two consecutive animated shorts created in 1992 and 1995.", "South Park __knowledge__ The latter became one of the first Internet viral videos, ultimately leading to \"South Park\"'s production.", "South Park __knowledge__ It debuted in August 1997 with great success, consistently earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program.", "South Park __knowledge__ Subsequent ratings have varied but it remains one of Comedy Central's highest rated shows, and is slated to air in new episodes through 2019.", "South Park __knowledge__ The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation, leading to all subsequent episodes being produced with computer animation that emulated the cutout technique.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic __knowledge__ Alfred Matthew \"Weird Al\" Yankovic ( ; born October 23, 1959) is an American singer, songwriter, parodist, record producer, satirist, actor, voice actor, music video director, film producer, and author.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic __knowledge__ He is known for his humorous songs that make light of popular culture and often parody specific songs by contemporary musical acts, original songs that are style pastiches of the work of other acts, and polka medleys of several popular songs, featuring his favored instrument, the accordion.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic __knowledge__ Since his first-aired comedy song in 1976, he has sold more than 12 million albums (), recorded more than 150 parody and original songs, and has performed more than 1,000 live shows.", "Robert E. Howard __knowledge__ Robert Ervin Howard (January 22, 1906 – June 11, 1936) was an American author who wrote pulp fiction in a diverse range of genres.", "Robert E. Howard __knowledge__ He is well known for his character Conan the Barbarian and is regarded as the father of the sword and sorcery subgenre.", "Robert E. Howard __knowledge__ Howard was born and raised in Texas.", "Robert E. Howard __knowledge__ He spent most of his life in the town of Cross Plains, with some time spent in nearby Brownwood.", "Robert E. Howard __knowledge__ A bookish and intellectual child, he was also a fan of boxing and spent some time in his late teens bodybuilding, eventually taking up amateur boxing.", "Robert E. Howard __knowledge__ From the age of nine he dreamed of becoming a writer of adventure fiction but did not have real success until he was 23.", "List of Camp Lazlo characters __knowledge__ Camp Lazlo is an American animated television series created by Joe Murray.", "List of Camp Lazlo characters __knowledge__ It features a large cast of anthropomorphic animal characters.", "List of Camp Lazlo characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in Camp Kidney, a Boy Scout summer camp in the fictional town of Prickly Pines.", "List of Camp Lazlo characters __knowledge__ The cartoon is set in a universe inhabited solely by anthropomorphic animals of many species and focuses on a trio of campers attending a poorly run summer camp known as Camp Kidney; the series focuses on three \"bean scouts\": Lazlo the eccentric, optimistic monkey, Raj the Indian elephant, and Clam the albino pygmy rhinoceros.", "List of Camp Lazlo characters __knowledge__ Other characters include the Camp Kidney staff, including the ill-tempered Scoutmaster Lumpus and his mild-mannered assistant Slinkman the banana slug.", "Jennifer's Body __knowledge__ Jennifer's Body is a 2009 supernatural horror black comedy film written by Diablo Cody and directed by Karyn Kusama.", "Jennifer's Body __knowledge__ The film stars Megan Fox, Amanda Seyfried, Johnny Simmons, and Adam Brody.", "Jennifer's Body __knowledge__ Fox portrays a demonically possessed high school girl who kills her male classmates, with her best friend striving to stop her.", "Jennifer's Body __knowledge__ The film premiered at the 2009 Toronto International Film Festival and was released in the United States and Canada on September 18, 2009.", "Jennifer's Body __knowledge__ The title is a reference to the song of the same name by alternative rock band Hole on their album \"Live Through This\".", "Jennifer's Body __knowledge__ As a tie-in to the film, Boom!", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ Weird Tales is an American fantasy and horror fiction pulp magazine founded by J. C. Henneberger and J. M. Lansinger in March 1923.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The first editor, Edwin Baird, printed early work by H. P. Lovecraft, Seabury Quinn, and Clark Ashton Smith, all of whom would go on to be popular writers, but within a year the magazine was in financial trouble.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ Henneberger sold his interest in the publisher, Rural Publishing Corporation, to Lansinger and refinanced \"Weird Tales\", with Farnsworth Wright as the new editor.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The first issue under Wright's control was dated November 1924.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The magazine was more successful under Wright, and despite occasional financial setbacks it prospered over the next fifteen years.", "Kenny McCormick __knowledge__ Kenneth \"Kenny\" McCormick is a main character in the animated adult television series \"South Park\", along with Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, and Eric Cartman.", "Kenny McCormick __knowledge__ His oft-muffled and indiscernible speech—the result of his parka hood covering his mouth—is provided by co-creator Matt Stone.", "Kenny McCormick __knowledge__ He debuted on television when \"South Park\" first aired on August 13, 1997, after having first appeared in \"The Spirit of Christmas\" shorts created by Stone and long-time collaborator Trey Parker in 1992 (\"Jesus vs. Frosty\") and 1995 (\"Jesus vs. Santa\").", "Kenny McCormick __knowledge__ Kenny is a third, later fourth-grade student who commonly has extraordinary experiences not typical of conventional small-town life in his hometown of South Park, Colorado, where he lives with his poverty-stricken family.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring characters in the animated television series South Park.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ This does not include the school children, family members or the school staff.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ \"Al Gore\" (voiced by Trey Parker in the \"ManBearPig\" episode and Matt Stone in \"The Red Badge of Gayness\" episode) is the former Vice President of the United States and also tries to alert the children of South Park of a mystical creature named \"ManBearPig\".", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ He constantly says \"I'm super cereal!\"", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ and \"excelsior!\"", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ during certain situations; he also appears to be ignorant and insecure.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ Gore also appears in during the Imaginationland saga where he's shown wearing a red cape and yelling \"excelsior!", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut is a 1999 American adult animated musical comedy film based on the Comedy Central animated television series \"South Park\".", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ The film was directed by series creator Trey Parker and stars the regular television cast of Parker, Matt Stone, Mary Kay Bergman, and Isaac Hayes, with guest performances by George Clooney, Eric Idle and Mike Judge.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ Paramount Pictures via Paramount Animation handled U.S. and Canada distribution, while Warner Bros. Pictures via handled international distribution.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer &amp; Uncut __knowledge__ The film follows the four boys Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick as they sneak into an R-rated film featuring Canadian actors Terrance and Phillip and begin cursing incessantly.", "List of South Park families __knowledge__ The following are fictional characters in the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "List of South Park families __knowledge__ Randy and Sharon Marsh are the most prominent set of parents on the show.", "List of South Park families __knowledge__ Their first names are derived from the first names of series co-creator Trey Parker's parents.", "List of South Park families __knowledge__ and Parker describes Randy as \"the biggest dingbat in the entire show.\"", "List of South Park families __knowledge__ Randy is voiced by Parker.", "List of South Park families __knowledge__ Sharon was originally voiced by Mary Kay Bergman, later Eliza Schneider, and is currently voiced by April Stewart.", "List of South Park families __knowledge__ Shelly Lynn Marsh is Randy and Sharon's daughter and Stan's older sister.", "List of South Park families __knowledge__ The character was voiced by Mary Kay Bergman until Bergman's death, and Shelly has subsequently been voiced by Eliza Schneider.", "Eric Cartman __knowledge__ Eric Theodore Cartman, often referred to as just Cartman, is a main character in the animated television series \"South Park\", created by Matt Stone and Trey Parker, and voiced by Trey Parker.", "Eric Cartman __knowledge__ Cartman is one of four central characters in \"South Park\", along with Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, and Kenny McCormick.", "Eric Cartman __knowledge__ Cartman first appeared, originally named Kenny, in prototypical form in a 1992 animated short \"Jesus vs. Frosty\", and a 1995 animated short \"Jesus vs. Santa\", and first appeared on television in the pilot episode of \"South Park\", \"Cartman Gets an Anal Probe\", on August 13, 1997.", "Eric Cartman __knowledge__ Cartman is an elementary school student who lives with his mother in the fictional town of South Park, Colorado, where he routinely has extraordinary experiences atypical of a small town.", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ Various student characters attend the fictional school South Park Elementary in the animated television show \"South Park\".", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ The school is one of the most prominent settings on the show, the narrative of which revolves mostly around the students.", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ While there have been a few characters from varying grades have been depicted in recurring minor roles, the students in the fourth grade—including central characters Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Kenny McCormick, and Eric Cartman—receive the primary focus of the series.", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ The fourth grade class is taught throughout most of the series by Mr. Garrison, with a hiatus between seasons 4 and 6 when he is replaced by Ms. Choksondik." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 3 ]

[ "hi lets talk south park it is an American adult animated sitcom ", "Trey Parker and Matt Stone did a great job creating a show like this that has lasted for years", "never got a chance to watch the movie but Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick are very funny", "yes I love how it is surreal humor that has meaning in the lives that we live lol" ]

[ "South Park", "South Park", "South Park", "South Park" ]

[ "Karaoke", "I love Karaoke too! Which songs do you like to sing?", "I always felt like 80's were more of a crowd pleaser.", "What is your favorite Madonna song?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The term \"karaoke\" is also used by recording engineers to refer to an instrumental version of a recording (i.e., to a version of a recording with no vocal track).", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The concept of creating studio recordings that lack the lead vocal has been around for nearly as long as recording itself.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ Many artists, amateur and professional, perform in situations where a full band/orchestra is either logistically or financially impractical, so they use a \"karaoke\" recording; they are, however, the original artists.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ (This is not to be confused with \"lip synching,\" in which a performer mimes to a previously produced studio recording with the lead vocal intact.)", "Karaoke __knowledge__ From 1961–1966, the American TV network NBC carried a karaoke-like series, \"Sing Along with Mitch\", featuring host Mitch Miller and a chorus, which superimposed the lyrics to their songs near the bottom of the TV screen for home audience participation.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The primary difference between Karaoke and sing-along songs is the absence of the lead vocalist.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ Sing-alongs (present since the beginning of singing) fundamentally changed with the introduction of new technology.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ In the late 1960s and into the 1970s, stored audible materials began to dominate the music recording industry and revolutionized the portability and ease of use of band and instrumental music by musicians and entertainers as the demand for entertainers increased globally." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The term \"karaoke\" is also used by recording engineers to refer to an instrumental version of a recording (i.e., to a version of a recording with no vocal track).", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The concept of creating studio recordings that lack the lead vocal has been around for nearly as long as recording itself.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ Many artists, amateur and professional, perform in situations where a full band/orchestra is either logistically or financially impractical, so they use a \"karaoke\" recording; they are, however, the original artists.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ (This is not to be confused with \"lip synching,\" in which a performer mimes to a previously produced studio recording with the lead vocal intact.)", "Karaoke __knowledge__ From 1961–1966, the American TV network NBC carried a karaoke-like series, \"Sing Along with Mitch\", featuring host Mitch Miller and a chorus, which superimposed the lyrics to their songs near the bottom of the TV screen for home audience participation.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The primary difference between Karaoke and sing-along songs is the absence of the lead vocalist.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ Sing-alongs (present since the beginning of singing) fundamentally changed with the introduction of new technology.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ In the late 1960s and into the 1970s, stored audible materials began to dominate the music recording industry and revolutionized the portability and ease of use of band and instrumental music by musicians and entertainers as the demand for entertainers increased globally.", "Karaoke Revolution __knowledge__ Karaoke Revolution and its many sequels are video games for the PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, Nintendo GameCube, Wii, Xbox, and Xbox 360, developed by Harmonix and Blitz Games and published by Konami in its Bemani line of music games.", "Karaoke Revolution __knowledge__ The Original Concept for Karaoke Revolution was created by Scott Hawkins and Sneaky Rabbit Studios.", "Karaoke Revolution __knowledge__ Technology and concepts from the game were subsequently incorporated into Harmonix's game \"Rock Band\".", "Karaoke Revolution __knowledge__ The Japanese versions of the game are developed by Konami themselves.", "Karaoke Revolution __knowledge__ The gameplay also differs significantly.", "Karaoke Revolution __knowledge__ Rather than a game per se, it is merely a karaoke system for the PlayStation 2, with no judgments.", "List of Karaoke Revolution songs __knowledge__ This article provides a list of songs featured in the \"Karaoke Revolution\" series of games.", "List of Karaoke Revolution songs __knowledge__ 632 songs are in the game \"Note: These songlists include the names of the artists who most famously recorded the song.", "List of Karaoke Revolution songs __knowledge__ The songs as they appear in the game are covers, with the exceptions being the song \"Dance Like There's No Tomorrow\", which is the master recording of the Paula Abdul song, and 10 original Mowtown songs in the Xbox version of Karaoke Revolution\" \"Note: Italics denotes a \"locked\" song, requiring certain requirements to be met in order to be accessed.\"", "List of Karaoke Revolution songs __knowledge__ Note: Italics denotes a \"locked\" song, requiring certain requirements to be met in order to be accessed.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "David Tukhmanov __knowledge__ David Fyodorovich Tukhmanov PAR (, was born on July 20, 1940, in Moscow, USSR) is a Soviet and Russian composer.", "David Tukhmanov __knowledge__ People's Artist of Russia (2000), State Prize of Russian Federation (2003).", "David Tukhmanov __knowledge__ Tukhmanov is the son of the engineer, the Armenian Fyodor Davidovich Tukhmanov and the teacher of music Vera Anatolyevna Karasyova.", "David Tukhmanov __knowledge__ He had engaged in music under the direction of mother and wrote first piece of music (\"Lezginka\"), when he was four years old.", "David Tukhmanov __knowledge__ Then he finished Gnesins musical school (1958) and composer's branch of Gnesins Musical College (1963).", "David Tukhmanov __knowledge__ His degree's work was the oratorio for soloists, chorus and an orchestra \"Distance After Distance\", which is based on fragments of the big poem by Alexander Tvardovsky.", "Samidh Mukerjee __knowledge__ Samidh Mukerjee (also spelled Mukherjee, ) is a music composer, singer, and songwriter from Kolkata, India.", "Samidh Mukerjee __knowledge__ Mukerjee was born June 9, 1974, in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh.", "Samidh Mukerjee __knowledge__ He completed his school education at St. Joseph School Bowbazar, Kolkata and completed his law degree from Hazra Law College, Kolkata.", "Samidh Mukerjee __knowledge__ Mukerjee started his musical journey in 1990 as a bass guitarist and vocalist from his school band named Dynamites.", "Samidh Mukerjee __knowledge__ in 1993 he joined Bengali band Parash Pathar as a bass guitarist and vocalist.", "Samidh Mukerjee __knowledge__ Then in 1994 Mukerjee joined English classic rock band Hip Pocket (Indian band) as a bass guitarist and supportive vocalist.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Dagaaba people __knowledge__ The Dagaaba people (singular Dagao, and, in northern dialects, Dagara for both plural and singular) are an ethnic group located north of the convergence of Ghana, Burkina Faso and Côte d'Ivoire.", "Dagaaba people __knowledge__ They speak the Dagaare language, a Gur language made up of the related Northern Dagaare dialects, Southern Dagaare dialects and a number of sub dialects.", "Dagaaba people __knowledge__ In northern dialects, both the language and the people are referred to as Dagara.", "Dagaaba people __knowledge__ They are related to the Birifor people and the Dagaare Diola.", "Dagaaba people __knowledge__ The language is collectively known as Dagaare (also spelled and/or pronounced as Dagare, Dagari, Dagarti, Dagaran or Dagao), and historically some non-natives have taken this as the name of the people.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ Late Night with Jimmy Fallon is an American late-night talk show hosted by comedian Jimmy Fallon.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The hour-long show, which premiered on March 2, 2009, and ended on February 7, 2014, aired weeknights at 12:35 am Eastern/11:35 pm Central on NBC in the United States.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The third incarnation of the \"Late Night\" franchise originated by David Letterman, the program originated from NBC Studio 6B (and Studio 6A for the final 6 months of its run) in the GE Building at 30 Rockefeller Center in New York City.", "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon __knowledge__ The show typically opened with a brief monologue from Fallon, followed by a comedy \"desk piece,\" as well as prerecorded segments and audience competitions.", "Late Night with Conan O'Brien __knowledge__ Late Night with Conan O'Brien is an American late-night talk show hosted by Conan O'Brien that aired 2,725 episodes on NBC between 1993 and 2009.", "Late Night with Conan O'Brien __knowledge__ The show featured varied comedic material, celebrity interviews, and musical and comedy performances.", "Late Night with Conan O'Brien __knowledge__ \"Late Night\" aired weeknights at 12:37 am Eastern/11:37 pm Central and 12:37 am Mountain in the United States.", "Late Night with Conan O'Brien __knowledge__ From 1993 until 2000, Andy Richter served as O'Brien's sidekick; following his departure, O'Brien was the show's sole featured performer.", "Late Night with Conan O'Brien __knowledge__ The show's house musical act was The Max Weinberg 7, led by E Street Band drummer Max Weinberg.", "Late Night with Conan O'Brien __knowledge__ The second incarnation of NBC's \"Late Night\" franchise, O'Brien's debuted in 1993 after David Letterman, who hosted the first incarnation of \"Late Night\", moved to CBS to host \"Late Show\" opposite \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The 2010 \"Tonight Show\" conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ Leno, the host of long-running franchise \"The Tonight Show\" since 1992, and O'Brien, host of \"Late Night\" since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for the network for much of the decade.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ When O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, when they informed him he would remain host for five more years and then transition the show to O'Brien in 2009.", "MTV __knowledge__ MTV (originally an initialism of Music Television) is an American cable and satellite television channel owned by Viacom Media Networks (a division of Viacom) and headquartered in New York City.", "MTV __knowledge__ Launched on August 1, 1981, the channel originally aired music videos as guided by television personalities known as \"video jockeys\" (VJs).", "MTV __knowledge__ At first, MTV's main target demographic was young adults, but today it is primarily teenagers, particularly high school and college students.", "MTV __knowledge__ MTV has toned down its music video programming significantly in recent years, and its programming now consists mainly of original reality, comedy and drama programming and some off-network syndicated programs and films, with limited music video programming in off-peak time periods." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The term \"karaoke\" is also used by recording engineers to refer to an instrumental version of a recording (i.e., to a version of a recording with no vocal track).", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The concept of creating studio recordings that lack the lead vocal has been around for nearly as long as recording itself.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ Many artists, amateur and professional, perform in situations where a full band/orchestra is either logistically or financially impractical, so they use a \"karaoke\" recording; they are, however, the original artists.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ (This is not to be confused with \"lip synching,\" in which a performer mimes to a previously produced studio recording with the lead vocal intact.)", "Karaoke __knowledge__ From 1961–1966, the American TV network NBC carried a karaoke-like series, \"Sing Along with Mitch\", featuring host Mitch Miller and a chorus, which superimposed the lyrics to their songs near the bottom of the TV screen for home audience participation.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The primary difference between Karaoke and sing-along songs is the absence of the lead vocalist.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ Sing-alongs (present since the beginning of singing) fundamentally changed with the introduction of new technology.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ In the late 1960s and into the 1970s, stored audible materials began to dominate the music recording industry and revolutionized the portability and ease of use of band and instrumental music by musicians and entertainers as the demand for entertainers increased globally.", "Hard Candy (Madonna album) __knowledge__ Hard Candy is the eleventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Madonna.", "Hard Candy (Madonna album) __knowledge__ It was released on April 19, 2008, by Warner Bros. Records.", "Hard Candy (Madonna album) __knowledge__ The album was her final studio album with the record company, marking the end of a 25-year recording history.", "Hard Candy (Madonna album) __knowledge__ Madonna started working on the album in early 2007, and collaborated with Justin Timberlake, Timbaland, The Neptunes and Nate \"Danja\" Hills.", "Hard Candy (Madonna album) __knowledge__ The album has an overall R&B vibe, while remaining a dance-pop record at its core.", "Hard Candy (Madonna album) __knowledge__ The Pet Shop Boys were also asked to collaborate with Madonna on the album by Warner Bros., but the record company later changed their mind and withdrew their invitation.", "Neil Harvey __knowledge__ Robert Neil Harvey MBE (born 8 October 1928) is a former Australian cricketer who represented the Australian cricket team between 1948 and 1963, playing in 79 Test matches.", "Neil Harvey __knowledge__ He was the vice-captain of the team from 1957 until his retirement.", "Neil Harvey __knowledge__ An attacking left-handed batsman, sharp fielder and occasional off-spin bowler, Harvey was the senior batsman in the Australian team for much of the 1950s and was regarded by Wisden as the finest fielder of his era.", "Neil Harvey __knowledge__ Upon his retirement, Harvey was the second-most prolific Test run-scorer and century-maker for Australia.", "Neil Harvey __knowledge__ One of six cricketing brothers, four of whom represented Victoria, Harvey followed his elder brother Merv into Test cricket and made his debut in January 1948, aged 19 and three months.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ Purpose is the fourth studio album by Canadian singer and songwriter Justin Bieber.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ It was released on November 13, 2015 by Def Jam Recordings and School Boy Records.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ It serves as the follow-up to Bieber's third studio album \"Believe\" (2012), and it was developed after the release of his collection \"Journals\" (2013), which saw him in a more R&B direction.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ The album was created over a period of two years, in which Bieber struggled to find a musical direction for recording, scrapping each of these tracks many times.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ The album features guest vocals from Travis Scott, Big Sean and Halsey, and production help from Skrillex and Diplo.", "Ellis Paul __knowledge__ Ellis Paul (born Paul Plissey; January 14, 1965) is an American singer-songwriter and folk musician.", "Ellis Paul __knowledge__ Born in Aroostook County, Maine, Paul is a key figure in what has become known as the Boston school of songwriting, a literate, provocative, and urbanely romantic folk-pop style that helped ignite the folk revival of the 1990s.", "Ellis Paul __knowledge__ His pop music songs have appeared in movies and on television, bridging the gap between the modern folk sound and the populist traditions of Woody Guthrie and Pete Seeger.", "Ellis Paul __knowledge__ Paul grew up in a small Maine town.", "Ellis Paul __knowledge__ He attended Boston College on a track scholarship, majoring in English.", "Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps __knowledge__ Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps (also known as Wall Street 2 or Wall Street 2: Money Never Sleeps) is a 2010 American drama film directed by Oliver Stone, a sequel to \"Wall Street\" (1987).", "Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps __knowledge__ It stars Michael Douglas, Shia LaBeouf, Josh Brolin, Carey Mulligan, Frank Langella, Susan Sarandon and, in his final film role before his death in 2014, Eli Wallach.", "Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps __knowledge__ The film takes place in New York, 23 years after the original, and revolves around the 2008 financial crisis.", "Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps __knowledge__ Its plot centers on a reformed Gordon Gekko, played by Douglas, acting as an antihero rather than a villain, and follows his attempts to repair his relationship with his daughter Winnie (Mulligan), with the help of her fiancé, Jacob (LaBeouf).", "Inception __knowledge__ Inception is a 2010 science fiction film written, co-produced, and directed by Christopher Nolan, and co-produced by Emma Thomas.", "Inception __knowledge__ The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio as a professional thief who steals information by infiltrating the subconscious, and is offered a chance to have his criminal history erased as payment for the implantation of another person's idea into a target's subconscious.", "Inception __knowledge__ The ensemble cast additionally includes Ken Watanabe, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Marion Cotillard, Ellen Page, Tom Hardy, Dileep Rao, Cillian Murphy, Tom Berenger, and Michael Caine.", "Inception __knowledge__ After the 2002 completion of \"Insomnia\", Nolan presented to Warner Bros. a written 80-page treatment about a horror film envisioning \"dream stealers\" based on lucid dreaming.", "Highway 61 Revisited __knowledge__ Highway 61 Revisited is the sixth studio album by the American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan.", "Highway 61 Revisited __knowledge__ It was released on August 30, 1965, by Columbia Records.", "Highway 61 Revisited __knowledge__ Having until then recorded mostly acoustic music, Dylan used rock musicians as his backing band on every track of the album, except for the closing 11-minute ballad, \"Desolation Row\".", "Highway 61 Revisited __knowledge__ Critics have focused on the innovative way in which Dylan combined driving, blues-based music with the subtlety of poetry to create songs that captured the political and cultural chaos of contemporary America.", "Highway 61 Revisited __knowledge__ Author Michael Gray has argued that in an important sense the 1960s \"started\" with this album.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Metamorphosis is the second studio album by American singer Hilary Duff.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ The album was released on August 26, 2003 by Hollywood Records as a follow up to her holiday album, \"Santa Claus Lane\" (2002).", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ According to Duff, the album incorporates elements of pop and rock music, and it represents changes that are specific to her life and that everyone experiences.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Duff worked with several producers on the album such as The Matrix who worked with Latin Pop Singer, Myra, also signed to Hollywood Records prior.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Others who collaborated on the album include Chico Bennett, Matthew Gerrard, John Shanks, and his frequent writing partner Kara DioGuardi.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic __knowledge__ Alfred Matthew \"Weird Al\" Yankovic ( ; born October 23, 1959) is an American singer, songwriter, parodist, record producer, satirist, actor, voice actor, music video director, film producer, and author.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic __knowledge__ He is known for his humorous songs that make light of popular culture and often parody specific songs by contemporary musical acts, original songs that are style pastiches of the work of other acts, and polka medleys of several popular songs, featuring his favored instrument, the accordion.", "&quot;Weird Al&quot; Yankovic __knowledge__ Since his first-aired comedy song in 1976, he has sold more than 12 million albums (), recorded more than 150 parody and original songs, and has performed more than 1,000 live shows.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ Petra is a music group regarded as a pioneer of the Christian rock and contemporary Christian music genres.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ Formed in 1972, the band took its name from the Greek word for \"rock\".", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ Though it disbanded formally in 2006, incarnations have played reunion shows in the years since and released an album in November 2010.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ In 2013, it reformed with a new drummer, Cristian Borneo, and recorded a new song titled \"Holy is Your Name\", before going back on tour.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ With a style initially similar to The Eagles and Lynyrd Skynyrd, Petra's sound evolved into a more energetic, driving rock sound in the early 1980s akin to Foreigner, Styx and Journey.", "Queens of the Stone Age (album) __knowledge__ Queens of the Stone Age is the debut album by American rock band Queens of the Stone Age, released in September 1998 by Loosegroove Records.", "Queens of the Stone Age (album) __knowledge__ It was primarily written and recorded by founding member Josh Homme and his former Kyuss bandmate Alfredo Hernández, with Hernández playing drums and Homme singing and playing the rest of the instrumentation as well as producing the album alongside Joe Barresi.", "Queens of the Stone Age (album) __knowledge__ By the time of the album's release, bassist Nick Oliveri, also a former member of Kyuss, would join the band.", "Queens of the Stone Age (album) __knowledge__ \"Queens of the Stone Age\" received generally positive reviews from critics, who placed it in the stoner rock genre and drew comparisons to krautrock bands such as Can and Neu!", "Damita Jo (album) __knowledge__ Damita Jo is the eighth studio album by American recording artist Janet Jackson.", "Damita Jo (album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 30, 2004, by Virgin Records.", "Damita Jo (album) __knowledge__ The album takes its title from Jackson's middle name.", "Damita Jo (album) __knowledge__ Its music incorporates rock, electro, house, and hip hop styles, in addition to dance-pop and R&B.", "Damita Jo (album) __knowledge__ Its concept is based on Jackson's alternate personalities; exploring themes involving intimacy, monogamy, love, and dance.", "Damita Jo (album) __knowledge__ Its production is derived from producers including Dallas Austin, Cathy Dennis, Scott Storch, BAG & Arnthor, Rich Harrison, Télépopmusik, Just Blaze, and Kanye West; in addition to Jackson and Jam & Lewis.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Fam-Lay __knowledge__ Nathaniel Johnson, also known as Fam-Lay (born November 28, 1975) is an American rapper from Norfolk, Virginia.", "Fam-Lay __knowledge__ Signed to The Neptunes' Star Trak imprint, he first gained notoriety through several guest appearances he made on various Neptunes-related projects, including the Clipse's debut album \"Lord Willin'\" in 2002.", "Fam-Lay __knowledge__ He also later appeared on The Neptunes' compilation \"The Neptunes Present...", "Fam-Lay __knowledge__ Clones\" in 2003, which featured his song \"Rock 'N Roll\".", "Fam-Lay __knowledge__ Then in 2004 he had the single and video \"Rock N Roll (Remix)\" featuring Lil Flip.", "Fam-Lay __knowledge__ It gained heavy rotation on MTV Jams.", "Fam-Lay __knowledge__ He also was featured in the video game Def Jam: Fight for New York (2004) in which he was a playable/fightable character added into the storyline." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The term \"karaoke\" is also used by recording engineers to refer to an instrumental version of a recording (i.e., to a version of a recording with no vocal track).", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The concept of creating studio recordings that lack the lead vocal has been around for nearly as long as recording itself.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ Many artists, amateur and professional, perform in situations where a full band/orchestra is either logistically or financially impractical, so they use a \"karaoke\" recording; they are, however, the original artists.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ (This is not to be confused with \"lip synching,\" in which a performer mimes to a previously produced studio recording with the lead vocal intact.)", "Karaoke __knowledge__ From 1961–1966, the American TV network NBC carried a karaoke-like series, \"Sing Along with Mitch\", featuring host Mitch Miller and a chorus, which superimposed the lyrics to their songs near the bottom of the TV screen for home audience participation.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ The primary difference between Karaoke and sing-along songs is the absence of the lead vocalist.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ Sing-alongs (present since the beginning of singing) fundamentally changed with the introduction of new technology.", "Karaoke __knowledge__ In the late 1960s and into the 1970s, stored audible materials began to dominate the music recording industry and revolutionized the portability and ease of use of band and instrumental music by musicians and entertainers as the demand for entertainers increased globally.", "Don't Tell Me (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"Don't Tell Me\" is a song by American singer Madonna from her eighth studio album \"Music\" (2000).", "Don't Tell Me (Madonna song) __knowledge__ It was written by Madonna, Mirwais Ahmadzaï and Joe Henry, while being produced by the former two.", "Don't Tell Me (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"Don't Tell Me\" is a country and dance song, with elements of trip hop and folk within its composition, and its lyrical content features \"don't-tell-me-what-to-do\" lyrics, where Madonna asks her lover to not tell her who she should love, or how she should love.", "Don't Tell Me (Madonna song) __knowledge__ It was released as the second single from the album on November 21, 2000 by Maverick Records.", "Don't Tell Me (Madonna song) __knowledge__ The song was also included on the compilation albums \"GHV2\" (2001) and \"Celebration\" (2009).", "Bitch I'm Madonna __knowledge__ \"Bitch I'm Madonna\" is a song by American singer Madonna from her thirteenth studio album, \"Rebel Heart\" (2015), featuring guest vocals from rapper Nicki Minaj.", "Bitch I'm Madonna __knowledge__ The artists co-wrote the song with MoZella, Toby Gad, Ariel Rechtshaid, Diplo, and Sophie; the latter two co-produced it with Madonna.", "Bitch I'm Madonna __knowledge__ It was released as the third single from the album by Interscope Records on June 15, 2015, along with a number of remixes commissioned.", "Bitch I'm Madonna __knowledge__ An EDM song, its lyrics speak about Madonna having continuous fun because she is Madonna.", "Bitch I'm Madonna __knowledge__ The song divided music critics, as some called it \"energetic\", applauding Minaj's rap verse and its unusual composition, while others criticized it for being \"desperate to shock\".", "Take a Bow (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"Take a Bow\" is a song by American singer Madonna from her sixth studio album \"Bedtime Stories\" (1994).", "Take a Bow (Madonna song) __knowledge__ It was released as the album's second single on November 29, 1994, by Maverick Records.", "Take a Bow (Madonna song) __knowledge__ It is a midtempo pop ballad written and produced by Madonna and Babyface.", "Take a Bow (Madonna song) __knowledge__ The song also appears on her compilation albums \"Something to Remember\" (1995), \"GHV2\" (2001) and \"Celebration\" (2009).", "Take a Bow (Madonna song) __knowledge__ Following the sexually explicit persona portrayed by Madonna on her previous album, \"Erotica\", the singer wanted to tone down her image for \"Bedtime Stories\".", "Take a Bow (Madonna song) __knowledge__ She started collaborating with Babyface, whose work with other musicians had impressed her.", "La Isla Bonita __knowledge__ \"La Isla Bonita\" () is a song by American singer Madonna from her third studio album \"True Blue\" (1986).", "La Isla Bonita __knowledge__ She and Patrick Leonard co-wrote and co-produced the song, and Bruce Gaitsch provided additional songwriting.", "La Isla Bonita __knowledge__ Sire Records released it as the album's final single on February 25, 1987.", "La Isla Bonita __knowledge__ The instrumental version of the song was first offered to Michael Jackson before Madonna both accepted it and wrote the lyrics and melody.", "La Isla Bonita __knowledge__ \"La Isla Bonita\" is noted for being the first Madonna song to contain Latino influences, with arrangements of Cuban drums and Spanish guitar, maracas, harmonicas and a mix of synthesized and real drumming.", "Express Yourself (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"Express Yourself\" is a song by American singer-songwriter Madonna, from her fourth studio album \"Like a Prayer\" (1989).", "Express Yourself (Madonna song) __knowledge__ It was released as the second single from the album on May 9, 1989 by Sire Records.", "Express Yourself (Madonna song) __knowledge__ The song was included on the greatest hits compilation albums \"The Immaculate Collection\" (1990), and \"Celebration\" (2009).", "Express Yourself (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"Express Yourself\" was the first song that Madonna and producer Stephen Bray collaborated on for \"Like a Prayer\".", "Express Yourself (Madonna song) __knowledge__ Written and produced by them, the song was a tribute to American funk and soul band Sly and the Family Stone.", "Express Yourself (Madonna song) __knowledge__ The main inspiration behind the song is female empowerment, urging women never to go for second-best and to always express their inner feelings.", "Secret (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"Secret\" is a song recorded by American singer Madonna from her sixth studio album, \"Bedtime Stories\" (1994).", "Secret (Madonna song) __knowledge__ It was released on September 20, 1994 as the lead single from the album by Warner Bros. Records as well as Maverick and Sire.", "Secret (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"Secret\" was based on a demo by producer Shep Pettibone, which was reworked by Dallas Austin, with whom Madonna was working on \"Bedtime Stories\".", "Secret (Madonna song) __knowledge__ The track was written and produced by the singer and Austin, with Pettibone as co-writer.", "Secret (Madonna song) __knowledge__ It was a departure from Madonna's previous musical style since up to that point in her career, her music had mostly been big-sounding dance tracks and melodic ballads.", "Crazy for You (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"Crazy for You\" is a song by American singer Madonna, written by John Bettis and Jon Lind, from the soundtrack album to the 1985 film \"Vision Quest\".", "Crazy for You (Madonna song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 2, 1985 by Geffen Records as the first single from the soundtrack.", "Crazy for You (Madonna song) __knowledge__ The song appears remixed on the greatest hits compilation \"The Immaculate Collection\" (1990) and was re-released on February 24, 1991 by Sire Records to promote the album.", "Crazy for You (Madonna song) __knowledge__ The song was also included on the ballads compilation \"Something to Remember\" (1995) and the greatest hits compilation \"Celebration\" (2009).", "Crazy for You (Madonna song) __knowledge__ Producers Jon Peters and Peter Guber, along with music director Phil Ramone, decided to use Madonna after listening to her previous recordings, employing John Bettis and Jon Lind to write the song.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Madonna Louise Ciccone (; born August 16, 1958) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Referred to as the \"Queen of Pop\" since the 1980s, Madonna is known for pushing the boundaries of lyrical content in mainstream popular music, as well as visual imagery in music videos and on stage.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ She has also frequently reinvented both her music and image while maintaining autonomy within the recording industry.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Besides sparking controversy, her works have been praised by music critics.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Madonna is often cited as an influence by other artists.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Born and raised in Michigan, Madonna moved to New York City in 1978 to pursue a career in modern dance.", "Funan __knowledge__ Funan () () () was the name given by Chinese cartographers, geographers and writers to an ancient Indianised state—or, rather a loose network of states \"(Mandala)\"—located in mainland Southeast Asia centered on the Mekong Delta that existed from the first to sixth century CE.", "Funan __knowledge__ The name is found in Chinese historical texts describing the kingdom, and the most extensive descriptions are largely based on the report of two Chinese diplomats, Kang Tai and Zhu Ying, representing the Wu Kingdom of Nanking who sojourned in Funan in the mid-3rd century AD.", "Funan __knowledge__ Funan is known in the modern languages of the region as \"Vnom\" (Khmer) or \"Nokor Phnom\" (Khmer), (Thai), and (Vietnamese), however, the name \"Funan\" is not found in any texts of local origin from the period, and it is not known what name the people of Funan gave to their polity.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "Like a Virgin (album) __knowledge__ Like a Virgin is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Madonna, released on November 12, 1984, by Sire Records.", "Like a Virgin (album) __knowledge__ Following the success of her self-titled debut album, Madonna wanted to become the record producer of her next album.", "Like a Virgin (album) __knowledge__ However, her label was not ready to give her the artistic freedom and she chose Nile Rodgers instead to produce the album due to his work with David Bowie.", "Like a Virgin (album) __knowledge__ Madonna wrote six songs on the record, five of which feature Steve Bray as a co-writer.", "Like a Virgin (album) __knowledge__ The album was recorded at Power Station Studio in New York at a quick pace.", "Like a Virgin (album) __knowledge__ Rodgers enlisted the help of his former Chic bandmates Bernard Edwards, who was the bassist, and Tony Thompson, who played drums.", "Pink (singer) __knowledge__ Alecia Beth Moore (born September 8, 1979), known professionally as Pink (stylized as ), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actress.", "Pink (singer) __knowledge__ She was signed to her first record label with original R&B girl group Choice in 1995.", "Pink (singer) __knowledge__ The label, LaFace Records, only saw potential in Pink, offering her a solo deal.", "Pink (singer) __knowledge__ Choice disbanded in 1998.", "Pink (singer) __knowledge__ Pink rose as an artist with her debut solo album, \"Can't Take Me Home\" (2000).", "Pink (singer) __knowledge__ It was certified double-platinum in the United States and spawned two \"Billboard\" Hot 100 top-ten hits: \"There You Go\" and \"Most Girls\".", "Pink (singer) __knowledge__ She gained further recognition with the \"Moulin Rouge!\"", "Rihanna __knowledge__ Robyn Rihanna Fenty (; February 20, 1988) is a Barbadian singer, songwriter, and actress.", "Rihanna __knowledge__ Born in Saint Michael, Barbados and raised in Bridgetown, during 2003 she recorded demo tapes under the direction of record producer Evan Rogers and signed a recording contract with Def Jam Recordings after auditioning for its then-president, hip hop producer and rapper Jay Z.", "Rihanna __knowledge__ In 2005, Rihanna rose to fame with the release of her debut studio album \"Music of the Sun\" and its follow-up \"A Girl like Me\" (2006), which charted on the top 10 of the US \"Billboard\" 200 and respectively produced the singles \"Pon de Replay\" and \"SOS\"." ] ]

[ 0, 0, 13, 29 ]

[ "I love music and singing for fun. Karaoke is one of my favorite late night things to do. ", "I like all kinds, but radio hits are always really fun for the crowd. ", "Yeah! I've especially always liked singing madonna at karaoke. Her music is so versatile. You can range from R&B vibes to dance-pop. ", "Probably La Isla Bonita. I love the Cuban influence. " ]

[ "Karaoke", "Karaoke", "Karaoke", "Karaoke" ]

[ "Armadillo\ni really love animals, do u know about Armadillo?", "wow, really, never knew they eat ants", "wow, snakes? how big are they please?", "ok, i meant to say the size of the armadillo, is it a big animal" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Armadillos are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata with a leathery armour shell.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only surviving families in the order, which is part of the superorder Xenarthra, along with the anteaters and sloths.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The word \"armadillo\" means \"little armoured one\" in Spanish.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Aztecs called them \"āyōtōchtli\" , Nahuatl for \"turtle-rabbit\": \"āyōtl\" (turtle) and \"tōchtli\" (rabbit).", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Portuguese word for \"armadillo\" is \"tatu\" which derives from the Tupi language.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Similar names are also found in other, especially European, languages.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ About nine extant genera and 21 extant species of armadillo have been described, some of which are distinguished by the number of bands on their armour.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Their average length is about , including tail.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The giant armadillo grows up to and weighs up to , while the pink fairy armadillo is a diminutive species, with an overall length of .", "Armadillo __knowledge__ All species are native to the Americas, where they inhabit a variety of different environments.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Recent genetic research suggests that an extinct group of giant armoured mammals, the glyptodonts, should be included within the lineage of armadillos, having diverged some 35 million years ago, much more recently than previously assumed.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "Armadillo Aerospace __knowledge__ Armadillo Aerospace is an aerospace startup company based in Mesquite, Texas.", "Armadillo Aerospace __knowledge__ Its initial goal was to build a crewed suborbital spacecraft capable of space tourism, and it had also stated long-term ambitions of orbital spaceflight.", "Armadillo Aerospace __knowledge__ The company was founded by John Carmack.", "Armadillo Aerospace __knowledge__ On October 24, 2008, Armadillo won $350,000 by succeeding in the Level 1 Northrop Grumman Lunar Lander Challenge.", "Armadillo Aerospace __knowledge__ On September 12, 2009, Armadillo won $500,000 by succeeding in Level 2 of the same challenge.", "Armadillo Aerospace __knowledge__ In 2010, they signed an exclusive deal with Space Adventures.", "Armadillo Aerospace __knowledge__ Armadillo Aerospace was to provide a sub-orbital rocket to fly tourists into space, while Space Adventures would sell tickets for the experience.", "Armadillo (comics) __knowledge__ Armadillo (Antonio Rodriguez) is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Armadillo (comics) __knowledge__ Created by Mark Gruenwald, Paul Neary, and Dennis Janke, the character made his first appearance in \"Captain America\" #308 (August 1985).", "Armadillo (comics) __knowledge__ Gruenwald recounted that Armadillo \"is just a silly monster I wanted to throw in as kind of a joke on the old Marvel armadillo thing in the letters page\".", "Armadillo (comics) __knowledge__ Antonio Rodriguez was born in San Antonio, Texas.", "Armadillo (comics) __knowledge__ He was given superhuman strength and durability by Dr. Karl Malus.", "Armadillo (comics) __knowledge__ This process involved having his human genes combined with the genetic material of an armadillo which gave him the appearance of a humanoid armadillo.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ The pink fairy armadillo (\"Chlamyphorus truncatus\") or pichiciego is the smallest species of armadillo (mammals of the families Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae, recognized by a bony armor shell), first described by R. Harlan in 1825.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ This desert-adapted animal is endemic to central Argentina and can be found inhabiting sandy plains, dunes, and scrubby grasslands.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ Pink fairy armadillos have small eyes, silky yellowish white fur, and a flexible dorsal shell that is solely attached to its body by a thin dorsal membrane.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ In addition, its spatula-shaped tail protrudes from a vertical plate at the blunt rear of its shell.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The six-banded armadillo (\"Euphractus sexcinctus\"), also known as the yellow armadillo, is an armadillo found in South America.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The sole extant member of its genus, it was first described by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in 1758.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The six-banded armadillo is typically between in head-and-body length, and weighs .", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The carapace (hard shell on the back) is pale yellow to reddish brown, marked by scales of equal length, and scantily covered by buff to white bristle-like hairs.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The forefeet have five distinct toes, each with moderately developed claws.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ Six-banded armadillos are efficient diggers and form burrows to live in and search for prey.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The nine-banded armadillo (\"Dasypus novemcinctus\"), or the nine-banded, long-nosed armadillo, is a medium-sized mammal found in North, Central, and South America, making it the most widespread of the armadillos.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ Its ancestors originated in South America, and remained there until the formation of the Isthmus of Panama allowed them to enter North America as part of the Great American Interchange.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The nine-banded armadillo is a solitary, mainly nocturnal animal, found in many kinds of habitats, from mature and secondary rainforests to grassland and dry scrub.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ It is an insectivore, feeding chiefly on ants, termites, and other small invertebrates.", "Armadillo World Headquarters __knowledge__ Armadillo World Headquarters (sometimes called simply The 'Dillo) was a music venue and nightclub located in Austin, Texas from 1970 to 1980.", "Armadillo World Headquarters __knowledge__ In 1970, Austin's flagship rock music venue, the Vulcan Gas Company, closed, leaving the city's nascent live music scene without an incubator.", "Armadillo World Headquarters __knowledge__ One night, Eddie Wilson, manager of the local group Shiva's Headband, stepped outside a nightclub where the band was playing and noticed an old, abandoned National Guard armory.", "Armadillo World Headquarters __knowledge__ Wilson found an unlocked garage door on the building and was able to view the cavernous interior using the headlights of his automobile.", "Armadillo World Headquarters __knowledge__ He had a desire to continue the legacy of the Vulcan Gas Company, and was inspired by what he saw in the armory to create a new music hall in the derelict structure." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Armadillos are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata with a leathery armour shell.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only surviving families in the order, which is part of the superorder Xenarthra, along with the anteaters and sloths.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The word \"armadillo\" means \"little armoured one\" in Spanish.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Aztecs called them \"āyōtōchtli\" , Nahuatl for \"turtle-rabbit\": \"āyōtl\" (turtle) and \"tōchtli\" (rabbit).", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Portuguese word for \"armadillo\" is \"tatu\" which derives from the Tupi language.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Similar names are also found in other, especially European, languages.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ About nine extant genera and 21 extant species of armadillo have been described, some of which are distinguished by the number of bands on their armour.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Their average length is about , including tail.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The giant armadillo grows up to and weighs up to , while the pink fairy armadillo is a diminutive species, with an overall length of .", "Armadillo __knowledge__ All species are native to the Americas, where they inhabit a variety of different environments.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Recent genetic research suggests that an extinct group of giant armoured mammals, the glyptodonts, should be included within the lineage of armadillos, having diverged some 35 million years ago, much more recently than previously assumed.", "Ant mimicry __knowledge__ Ant mimicry or myrmecomorphy is mimicry of ants by other organisms.", "Ant mimicry __knowledge__ Ants are abundant all over the world, and potential predators that rely on vision to identify their prey, such as birds and wasps, normally avoid them, because they are either unpalatable or aggressive.", "Ant mimicry __knowledge__ Some arthropods mimic ants to escape predation (protective mimicry), while others mimic ants anatomically and behaviourally to hunt ants (aggressive mimicry).", "Ant mimicry __knowledge__ To overcome ants' powerful defences, mimics may imitate ants chemically (Wasmannian mimicry) with ant-like pheromones, visually (as in Batesian mimicry, though the purpose may also be aggressive mimicry), or by copying microstructure for tactile mimicry.", "Ant __knowledge__ Ants are eusocial insects of the family Formicidae and, along with the related wasps and bees, belong to the order Hymenoptera.", "Ant __knowledge__ Ants evolved from wasp-like ancestors in the Cretaceous period, about 140 million years ago, and diversified after the rise of flowering plants.", "Ant __knowledge__ More than 12,500 of an estimated total of 22,000 species have been classified.", "Ant __knowledge__ They are easily identified by their elbowed antennae and the distinctive node-like structure that forms their slender waists.", "Ant __knowledge__ Ants form colonies that range in size from a few dozen predatory individuals living in small natural cavities to highly organised colonies that may occupy large territories and consist of millions of individuals.", "Red imported fire ant __knowledge__ The red imported fire ant (\"Solenopsis invicta\"), also known as the fire ant or RIFA, is a species of ant native to South America.", "Red imported fire ant __knowledge__ A member of the genus \"Solenopsis\" in the subfamily Myrmicinae, it was described by Swiss entomologist Felix Santschi as a variant in 1916.", "Red imported fire ant __knowledge__ Its current name \"invicta\" was given to the ant in 1972 as a separate species.", "Red imported fire ant __knowledge__ However, the variant and species were the same ant, and the name was preserved due to its wide use.", "Red imported fire ant __knowledge__ The red imported fire ant is native to South America but it has been accidentally introduced in Australia, New Zealand, several Asian and Caribbean countries and the United States.", "Meat ant __knowledge__ The meat ant (\"Iridomyrmex purpureus\"), also known as the gravel ant or southern meat ant, is a species of ant endemic to Australia.", "Meat ant __knowledge__ A member of the genus \"Iridomyrmex\" in the subfamily Dolichoderinae, it was described by British entomologist Frederick Smith in 1858.", "Meat ant __knowledge__ The meat ant is associated with many common names due to its appearance, nest-building behaviour and abundance, of which its specific name, \"purpureus\", refers to its coloured appearance.", "Meat ant __knowledge__ It is among the best-known species of ant found throughout Australia; it occurs in almost all states and territories except for Tasmania.", "Meat ant __knowledge__ Its enormous distribution, aggression and ecological importance have made this ant a dominant species.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from Happy Tree Friends.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ There are 27 main characters, and some other supporting characters.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ To celebrate the 10th anniversary of the series in 2010, the creators of the show announced that there would be one more character added to Happy Tree Friends in the near future.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ The candidates were a sheep/lamb named Lammy and a pig named Truffles.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ The voting took place during the month of March 2010, and the winner was Lammy, who have featured in most of the latest episodes.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ Even though Truffles lost the vote, he still cameos in some episodes.", "List of Happy Tree Friends characters __knowledge__ Cuddles is a laser yellow male rabbit with pink cheeks, or a blush along with pink bunny slippers.", "Adam Ant __knowledge__ Adam Ant (born Stuart Leslie Goddard; 3 November 1954) is an English singer and musician.", "Adam Ant __knowledge__ He gained popularity as the lead singer of new wave group Adam and the Ants and later as a solo artist, scoring 10 UK top ten hits from 1980 to 1983, including three UK No.", "Adam Ant __knowledge__ 1 singles.", "Adam Ant __knowledge__ He has also worked as an actor, appearing in over two dozen films and television episodes from 1985 to 2003.", "Adam Ant __knowledge__ Since 2010, Ant has undertaken an intense reactivation of his musical career, performing live regularly in his hometown of London and beyond, recording and releasing a new album and completing six full-length UK national tours, three US national tours, and an Australian tour and with a fourth US tour and second Australian tour scheduled and a further album completed and awaiting release.", "Giant armadillo __knowledge__ The giant armadillo (\"Priodontes maximus\"), colloquially tatou, ocarro, tatu-canastra or tatú carreta, is the largest living species of armadillo (although their extinct relatives, the glyptodonts, were much larger).", "Giant armadillo __knowledge__ It lives in South America, ranging throughout as far south as northern Argentina.", "Giant armadillo __knowledge__ This species is considered vulnerable to extinction.", "Giant armadillo __knowledge__ The giant armadillo prefers termites and some ants as prey, and often consumes the entire population of a termite mound.", "Giant armadillo __knowledge__ It also has been known to prey upon worms, larvae and larger creatures, such as spiders and snakes, and plants.", "Giant armadillo __knowledge__ At least one zoo park, in Villavicencio, Colombia – \"Los Ocarros\" – is dedicated to this animal.", "Termite __knowledge__ Termites are eusocial insects that are classified at the taxonomic rank of infraorder Isoptera, or as epifamily Termitoidae within the cockroach order Blattodea.", "Termite __knowledge__ Termites were once classified in a separate order from cockroaches, but recent phylogenetic studies indicate that they evolved from close ancestors of cockroaches during the Jurassic or Triassic.", "Termite __knowledge__ However, the first termites possibly emerged during the Permian or even the Carboniferous.", "Termite __knowledge__ About 3,106 species are currently described, with a few hundred more left to be described.", "Termite __knowledge__ Although these insects are often called \"white ants\", they are not ants.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The nine-banded armadillo (\"Dasypus novemcinctus\"), or the nine-banded, long-nosed armadillo, is a medium-sized mammal found in North, Central, and South America, making it the most widespread of the armadillos.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ Its ancestors originated in South America, and remained there until the formation of the Isthmus of Panama allowed them to enter North America as part of the Great American Interchange.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The nine-banded armadillo is a solitary, mainly nocturnal animal, found in many kinds of habitats, from mature and secondary rainforests to grassland and dry scrub.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ It is an insectivore, feeding chiefly on ants, termites, and other small invertebrates.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The six-banded armadillo (\"Euphractus sexcinctus\"), also known as the yellow armadillo, is an armadillo found in South America.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The sole extant member of its genus, it was first described by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in 1758.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The six-banded armadillo is typically between in head-and-body length, and weighs .", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The carapace (hard shell on the back) is pale yellow to reddish brown, marked by scales of equal length, and scantily covered by buff to white bristle-like hairs.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The forefeet have five distinct toes, each with moderately developed claws.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ Six-banded armadillos are efficient diggers and form burrows to live in and search for prey.", "Tool use by animals __knowledge__ Tools are used by animals for purposes including acquiring food and water, grooming, defense, recreation or construction.", "Tool use by animals __knowledge__ Originally thought to be a skill only possessed by humans, some tool use requires a sophisticated level of cognition.", "Tool use by animals __knowledge__ There is considerable discussion about the definition of what constitutes a tool and therefore which behaviours can be considered as true examples of tool use.", "Tool use by animals __knowledge__ A wide range of animals are considered to use tools including mammals, birds, fish, cephalopods and insects.", "Tool use by animals __knowledge__ Primates are well known for using tools for hunting or gathering food and water, cover for rain, and self-defence." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Armadillos are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata with a leathery armour shell.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only surviving families in the order, which is part of the superorder Xenarthra, along with the anteaters and sloths.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The word \"armadillo\" means \"little armoured one\" in Spanish.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Aztecs called them \"āyōtōchtli\" , Nahuatl for \"turtle-rabbit\": \"āyōtl\" (turtle) and \"tōchtli\" (rabbit).", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Portuguese word for \"armadillo\" is \"tatu\" which derives from the Tupi language.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Similar names are also found in other, especially European, languages.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ About nine extant genera and 21 extant species of armadillo have been described, some of which are distinguished by the number of bands on their armour.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Their average length is about , including tail.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The giant armadillo grows up to and weighs up to , while the pink fairy armadillo is a diminutive species, with an overall length of .", "Armadillo __knowledge__ All species are native to the Americas, where they inhabit a variety of different environments.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Recent genetic research suggests that an extinct group of giant armoured mammals, the glyptodonts, should be included within the lineage of armadillos, having diverged some 35 million years ago, much more recently than previously assumed.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Snake __knowledge__ Snakes are elongated, legless, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes.", "Snake __knowledge__ Like all squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales.", "Snake __knowledge__ Many species of snakes have skulls with several more joints than their lizard ancestors, enabling them to swallow prey much larger than their heads with their highly mobile jaws.", "Snake __knowledge__ To accommodate their narrow bodies, snakes' paired organs (such as kidneys) appear one in front of the other instead of side by side, and most have only one functional lung.", "Snake __knowledge__ Some species retain a pelvic girdle with a pair of vestigial claws on either side of the cloaca.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "31 Minutes to Takeoff __knowledge__ 31 Minutes to Takeoff is the debut studio album by American singer Mike Posner.", "31 Minutes to Takeoff __knowledge__ It was released on 10 August 2010, by J Records.", "31 Minutes to Takeoff __knowledge__ The album includes the singles \"Cooler than Me\", \"Please Don't Go\" and \"Bow Chicka Wow Wow\".", "31 Minutes to Takeoff __knowledge__ Posner's idea for the album was to make something that didn't sound like anything that was already out.", "31 Minutes to Takeoff __knowledge__ In an interview with \"Billboard\", Posner argues: \"My music doesn't sound like anyone else's, and it's important for me that it stays that way\", and that \"I want to make songs that will bring people together\", Posner has stated that he draws a great deal of influence for his music from his hometown \"Where I grew up was a huge influence on my music.\"", "Iljo Keisse __knowledge__ Iljo Keisse (born 21 December 1982) is a Belgian racing cyclist, who competes for the team.", "Iljo Keisse __knowledge__ Keisse races on the track and on the road, specializing himself until recently in riding six-day races.", "Iljo Keisse __knowledge__ He notably has won the Six Days of Ghent six times and reached the podium a total of 11 times.", "Iljo Keisse __knowledge__ Keisse was born in Ghent.", "Iljo Keisse __knowledge__ Together with his teammate Matthew Gilmore, he won three Six-day races in 2005–2006: Grenoble, Ghent and Hasselt.", "Iljo Keisse __knowledge__ After his victory in the 2008 Six Days of Ghent, both his A and B samples tested positive for cathine and a diuretic which has been used to mask the presence of doping agents.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Melanesian mythology is the folklore, myths and religion of Melanesia — the archipelagos of New Guinea, the Torres Strait Islands, the Admiralty Islands, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia and Vanuatu.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Professor Roland Burrage Dixon wrote an account of the mythology of this region for \"The Mythology of All Races\", which was published in 1916.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Since that time, the region has developed new cults and legends as a result of exposure to western civilisations and their missionaries.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ These include the cargo cults in which the natives attempt to restore the supply of material goods which were a side-effect of the campaigning in this region during the Pacific War.", "Ticket lock __knowledge__ In computer science, a ticket lock is a synchronization mechanism, or locking algorithm, that is a type of spinlock that uses \"tickets\" to control which thread of execution is allowed to enter a critical section.", "Ticket lock __knowledge__ The basic concept of a ticket lock is similar to the ticket queue management system.", "Ticket lock __knowledge__ This is the method that many bakeries and delis use to serve customers in the order that they arrive, without making them stand in a line.", "Ticket lock __knowledge__ Generally, there is some type of dispenser from which customers pull sequentially numbered tickets upon arrival.", "Ticket lock __knowledge__ The dispenser usually has a sign above or near it stating something like \"Please take a number\".", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Common skate __knowledge__ The common skate or blue skate (\"Dipturus batis\", syn.", "Common skate __knowledge__ \"Raja batis\") is the largest skate in the world attaining a length of up to .", "Common skate __knowledge__ Historically, it was one of the most abundant skates in the northeast Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.", "Common skate __knowledge__ Despite its name, today it appears to be absent from much of this range.", "Common skate __knowledge__ Where previously abundant, fisheries directly targeted this skate and elsewhere it is caught incidentally as bycatch.", "Common skate __knowledge__ The species was uplisted to Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List in 2006 and it is protected within the EU.", "Common skate __knowledge__ Research published in 2009 and 2010 showed that the species should be split into two, the smaller southern \"D.\" cf." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Armadillos are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata with a leathery armour shell.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only surviving families in the order, which is part of the superorder Xenarthra, along with the anteaters and sloths.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The word \"armadillo\" means \"little armoured one\" in Spanish.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Aztecs called them \"āyōtōchtli\" , Nahuatl for \"turtle-rabbit\": \"āyōtl\" (turtle) and \"tōchtli\" (rabbit).", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The Portuguese word for \"armadillo\" is \"tatu\" which derives from the Tupi language.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Similar names are also found in other, especially European, languages.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ About nine extant genera and 21 extant species of armadillo have been described, some of which are distinguished by the number of bands on their armour.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Their average length is about , including tail.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ The giant armadillo grows up to and weighs up to , while the pink fairy armadillo is a diminutive species, with an overall length of .", "Armadillo __knowledge__ All species are native to the Americas, where they inhabit a variety of different environments.", "Armadillo __knowledge__ Recent genetic research suggests that an extinct group of giant armoured mammals, the glyptodonts, should be included within the lineage of armadillos, having diverged some 35 million years ago, much more recently than previously assumed.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ The pink fairy armadillo (\"Chlamyphorus truncatus\") or pichiciego is the smallest species of armadillo (mammals of the families Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae, recognized by a bony armor shell), first described by R. Harlan in 1825.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ This desert-adapted animal is endemic to central Argentina and can be found inhabiting sandy plains, dunes, and scrubby grasslands.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ Pink fairy armadillos have small eyes, silky yellowish white fur, and a flexible dorsal shell that is solely attached to its body by a thin dorsal membrane.", "Pink fairy armadillo __knowledge__ In addition, its spatula-shaped tail protrudes from a vertical plate at the blunt rear of its shell.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The six-banded armadillo (\"Euphractus sexcinctus\"), also known as the yellow armadillo, is an armadillo found in South America.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The sole extant member of its genus, it was first described by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in 1758.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The six-banded armadillo is typically between in head-and-body length, and weighs .", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The carapace (hard shell on the back) is pale yellow to reddish brown, marked by scales of equal length, and scantily covered by buff to white bristle-like hairs.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The forefeet have five distinct toes, each with moderately developed claws.", "Six-banded armadillo __knowledge__ Six-banded armadillos are efficient diggers and form burrows to live in and search for prey.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "Armadillo (comics) __knowledge__ Armadillo (Antonio Rodriguez) is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Armadillo (comics) __knowledge__ Created by Mark Gruenwald, Paul Neary, and Dennis Janke, the character made his first appearance in \"Captain America\" #308 (August 1985).", "Armadillo (comics) __knowledge__ Gruenwald recounted that Armadillo \"is just a silly monster I wanted to throw in as kind of a joke on the old Marvel armadillo thing in the letters page\".", "Armadillo (comics) __knowledge__ Antonio Rodriguez was born in San Antonio, Texas.", "Armadillo (comics) __knowledge__ He was given superhuman strength and durability by Dr. Karl Malus.", "Armadillo (comics) __knowledge__ This process involved having his human genes combined with the genetic material of an armadillo which gave him the appearance of a humanoid armadillo.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The nine-banded armadillo (\"Dasypus novemcinctus\"), or the nine-banded, long-nosed armadillo, is a medium-sized mammal found in North, Central, and South America, making it the most widespread of the armadillos.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ Its ancestors originated in South America, and remained there until the formation of the Isthmus of Panama allowed them to enter North America as part of the Great American Interchange.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ The nine-banded armadillo is a solitary, mainly nocturnal animal, found in many kinds of habitats, from mature and secondary rainforests to grassland and dry scrub.", "Nine-banded armadillo __knowledge__ It is an insectivore, feeding chiefly on ants, termites, and other small invertebrates.", "Armadillo Aerospace __knowledge__ Armadillo Aerospace is an aerospace startup company based in Mesquite, Texas.", "Armadillo Aerospace __knowledge__ Its initial goal was to build a crewed suborbital spacecraft capable of space tourism, and it had also stated long-term ambitions of orbital spaceflight.", "Armadillo Aerospace __knowledge__ The company was founded by John Carmack.", "Armadillo Aerospace __knowledge__ On October 24, 2008, Armadillo won $350,000 by succeeding in the Level 1 Northrop Grumman Lunar Lander Challenge.", "Armadillo Aerospace __knowledge__ On September 12, 2009, Armadillo won $500,000 by succeeding in Level 2 of the same challenge.", "Armadillo Aerospace __knowledge__ In 2010, they signed an exclusive deal with Space Adventures.", "Armadillo Aerospace __knowledge__ Armadillo Aerospace was to provide a sub-orbital rocket to fly tourists into space, while Space Adventures would sell tickets for the experience.", "Big hairy armadillo __knowledge__ The big hairy armadillo or large hairy armadillo (\"Chaetophractus villosus\") is one of the largest and most numerous armadillos in South America.", "Big hairy armadillo __knowledge__ It lives from sea level to altitudes of up to 1,300 meters across the southern portion of South America, and can be found in grasslands, forests, and savannahs, and has even started claiming agricultural areas as its home.", "Big hairy armadillo __knowledge__ It is an accomplished digger and spends most of its time below ground.", "Big hairy armadillo __knowledge__ It makes both temporary and long-term burrows, depending on its food source.", "Big hairy armadillo __knowledge__ The armadillo can use specially evolved membranes in its nose to obtain oxygen from the surrounding soil particles without inhaling any of the soil itself.", "Greater fairy armadillo __knowledge__ The greater fairy armadillo (\"Calyptophractus retusus\"), also known as Burmeister's armadillo or the Chacoan fairy armadillo, is a species of armadillo in the family Chlamyphoridae.", "Greater fairy armadillo __knowledge__ It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay.", "Greater fairy armadillo __knowledge__ Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland and subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland.", "Greater fairy armadillo __knowledge__ It is threatened by habitat loss.", "Greater fairy armadillo __knowledge__ It is the only species in the genus Calyptophractus.", "Greater fairy armadillo __knowledge__ The greater fairy armadillo is a small species, growing to a length of from with a tail about long and weighing up to a kilogram (2.2 lb).", "Greater fairy armadillo __knowledge__ Like other armadillos it has bands of armour on its dorsal (upper) surface but, in common with the pink fairy armadillo \"Chlamyphorus truncatus\" but unlike most other armadillos, these bands are fused to its pelvis and spine.", "Giant armadillo __knowledge__ The giant armadillo (\"Priodontes maximus\"), colloquially tatou, ocarro, tatu-canastra or tatú carreta, is the largest living species of armadillo (although their extinct relatives, the glyptodonts, were much larger).", "Giant armadillo __knowledge__ It lives in South America, ranging throughout as far south as northern Argentina.", "Giant armadillo __knowledge__ This species is considered vulnerable to extinction.", "Giant armadillo __knowledge__ The giant armadillo prefers termites and some ants as prey, and often consumes the entire population of a termite mound.", "Giant armadillo __knowledge__ It also has been known to prey upon worms, larvae and larger creatures, such as spiders and snakes, and plants.", "Giant armadillo __knowledge__ At least one zoo park, in Villavicencio, Colombia – \"Los Ocarros\" – is dedicated to this animal.", "Gran Chaco __knowledge__ The Gran Chaco or Dry Chaco (Quechua: \"chaku\", \"hunting land\") is a sparsely populated, hot and semi-arid lowland natural region of the Río de la Plata basin, divided among eastern Bolivia, western Paraguay, northern Argentina and a portion of the Brazilian states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul, where it is connected with the Pantanal region.", "Gran Chaco __knowledge__ This land is sometimes called the Chaco Plain.", "Gran Chaco __knowledge__ The Gran Chaco is about 647,500 km² (250,000 sq mi) in size, though estimates differ.", "Gran Chaco __knowledge__ It is located west of the Paraguay River and east of the Andes, and is mostly an alluvial sedimentary plain shared among Paraguay, Bolivia and Argentina." ] ]

[ 42, 52, 9, 9 ]

[ "I know a little bit. I saw a giant armadillo in a museum. Apparently they eat a lot of ants and termites! ", "I heard they will eat larger things too, even snakes. Can you believe that?", "I'm not sure how large of a snake an armadillo will eat. I bet there's a big difference between the giant armadillo and the teeny pink fairy armadillo in the size of prey they like though.", "The giant armadillo is a couple feet long, but the pink fairy is a few inches. Isn't diversity amazing?" ]

[ "Armadillo", "Armadillo", "Armadillo", "Armadillo" ]

[ "Field hockey", "Yeah, hockey can be a scary sport. What is field hockey, though/", "Oh, I see, so it's basically the same game, yes? When was it invented?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Field hockey is a team sport of the hockey family.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The earliest origins of the game date back to the Middle Ages in England, Scotland, France and the Netherlands.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The game can be played on a grass field, turf field or synthetic field as well as an indoor board surface.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Each team plays with eleven players, including the goalie.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Players use sticks made out of wood, carbon fibre, fibre glass or a combination of carbon fibre and fibre glass in different quantities (with the higher carbon fibre stick being more expensive and less likely to break) to hit a round, hard, plastic ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The length of the stick depends on the player's individual height.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Only one end of the stick is allowed to be used.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Goalies often have a different kind of stick, however they can also use an ordinary field hockey stick.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The specific goal-keeping sticks have another curve at the end of the stick, this is to give them more surface area to save the ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The uniform consists of shin guards, shoes, shorts, a mouth guard and a jersey.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Today, the game is played globally, with particular popularity throughout Western Europe, the Indian subcontinent, Southern Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Argentina, and parts of the United States (primarily New England and the Mid-Atlantic states)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Field hockey is a team sport of the hockey family.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The earliest origins of the game date back to the Middle Ages in England, Scotland, France and the Netherlands.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The game can be played on a grass field, turf field or synthetic field as well as an indoor board surface.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Each team plays with eleven players, including the goalie.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Players use sticks made out of wood, carbon fibre, fibre glass or a combination of carbon fibre and fibre glass in different quantities (with the higher carbon fibre stick being more expensive and less likely to break) to hit a round, hard, plastic ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The length of the stick depends on the player's individual height.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Only one end of the stick is allowed to be used.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Goalies often have a different kind of stick, however they can also use an ordinary field hockey stick.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The specific goal-keeping sticks have another curve at the end of the stick, this is to give them more surface area to save the ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The uniform consists of shin guards, shoes, shorts, a mouth guard and a jersey.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Today, the game is played globally, with particular popularity throughout Western Europe, the Indian subcontinent, Southern Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Argentina, and parts of the United States (primarily New England and the Mid-Atlantic states).", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India is home to a diverse population playing many different sports across the country.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Football is a popular sport in some of the Indian states.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won all the Kabaddi World Cups to date.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ The country has won eight Olympic gold medals in field hockey.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ However, cricket is the most popular sport in India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Kabaddi, an indigenous sport is popular in rural India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Several games originated in India including chess, snooker and other regional games.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won medals in badminton, kabaddi, hockey and many other sports and disciplines.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Recently, different forms of martial arts have also gained a lot of prominence in India.", "Women's field hockey in Australia __knowledge__ Field hockey has been played by women in Australia since 1901.", "Women's field hockey in Australia __knowledge__ By 1907, there were clubs in several states including New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, and Victoria.", "Women's field hockey in Australia __knowledge__ Women's field hockey was eventually represented by the Australian Institute of Sport, though the amount of support it received was less than the support the men received.", "Women's field hockey in Australia __knowledge__ The All Australian Women's Hockey Association was established in 1910 to govern the sport in Australia.", "Women's field hockey in Australia __knowledge__ in 2000, Women’s Hockey Australia merged with the Australian Hockey Association to form Hockey Australia.", "Women's field hockey in Australia __knowledge__ The game has been played by women on the university and school level.", "Big East Conference __knowledge__ The Big East Conference (stylized as BIG EAST) is a collegiate athletic conference that competes in NCAA Division I in all sports except football, which is not sponsored.", "Big East Conference __knowledge__ The conference has been officially recognized as a Division I multi-sport conference, effective on August 1, 2013.", "Big East Conference __knowledge__ Its nucleus is composed of the \"Catholic Seven\" members of the original Big East Conference: DePaul University, Georgetown University, Marquette University, Providence College, Seton Hall University, St. John's University, and Villanova University.", "Big East Conference __knowledge__ In December 2012, these schools chose to split from the football playing schools in order to focus on basketball, and in March 2013 reached a settlement, whereby they acquired the Big East Conference name, logos, and the rights to the men's basketball tournament.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Hockey is a sport in which two teams play against each other by trying to maneuver a ball or a puck into the opponent's goal using a hockey stick.", "Hockey __knowledge__ There are many types of hockey such as bandy, field hockey and ice hockey.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Often one variation of the sport, such as field hockey or ice hockey, will predominate in a certain area and be known simply as \"hockey\".", "Hockey __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word \"hockey\" is in the 1773 book \"Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education\" by Richard Johnson (Pseud.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is a team winter sport played on ice, in which skaters use sticks to direct a ball into the opposing team's goal.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Based on the number of participating athletes, bandy is the world's second most popular winter sport after ice hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is also the number two winter sport in tickets sold per day of competitions at the sport's world championship compared to the other winter sports.", "Bandy __knowledge__ The sport is considered a form of hockey and has a common background with association football, ice hockey and field hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Like football, the game is normally played in halves of 45 minutes each, there are eleven players on each team, and the bandy field is about the same size as a football pitch.", "Pakistan men's national field hockey team __knowledge__ The Pakistan national field hockey team () is administered by the Pakistan Hockey Federation (PHF), the governing body for hockey in Pakistan.", "Pakistan men's national field hockey team __knowledge__ They have been a member of the International Hockey Federation (FIH) since 1948 and founding member of the Asian Hockey Federation (ASHF) which formed in 1958.", "Pakistan men's national field hockey team __knowledge__ Pakistan is the most successful national field hockey team in the Hockey World Cup with four championships: 1971, 1978, 1982 and 1994.", "Pakistan men's national field hockey team __knowledge__ Pakistan also has the best overall performance in World Cup history in both proportional and absolute terms with 53 victories in 84 matches played, seven time draws, six appearances in the finals and only 24 losses.", "Field hockey in India __knowledge__ Field hockey in India refers to two teams, the India men's national field hockey team and the India women's national field hockey team.", "Field hockey in India __knowledge__ The Indian Olympic Association appointed a new five-member national selection committee.", "Field hockey in India __knowledge__ This panel will work in conjunction with the International Hockey Federation in managing field hockey in India.", "Field hockey in India __knowledge__ The panel was headed by Aslam Sher Khan, a former MP and former hockey captain and includes Ashok Kumar, Ajit Pal Singh, Zafar Iqbal and Dhanraj Pillay.", "Field hockey in India __knowledge__ Aslam Sher Khan has now been replaced by Ajit Pal Singh as the chairman of the national selection committee.", "Field hockey in India __knowledge__ Aslam Sher Khan was highly displeased by this decision, though he remained as a selector." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Field hockey is a team sport of the hockey family.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The earliest origins of the game date back to the Middle Ages in England, Scotland, France and the Netherlands.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The game can be played on a grass field, turf field or synthetic field as well as an indoor board surface.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Each team plays with eleven players, including the goalie.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Players use sticks made out of wood, carbon fibre, fibre glass or a combination of carbon fibre and fibre glass in different quantities (with the higher carbon fibre stick being more expensive and less likely to break) to hit a round, hard, plastic ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The length of the stick depends on the player's individual height.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Only one end of the stick is allowed to be used.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Goalies often have a different kind of stick, however they can also use an ordinary field hockey stick.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The specific goal-keeping sticks have another curve at the end of the stick, this is to give them more surface area to save the ball.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ The uniform consists of shin guards, shoes, shorts, a mouth guard and a jersey.", "Field hockey __knowledge__ Today, the game is played globally, with particular popularity throughout Western Europe, the Indian subcontinent, Southern Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Argentina, and parts of the United States (primarily New England and the Mid-Atlantic states).", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ Yes Oh (styled as yes Oh) is an Israeli television channel carried by the Israeli satellite television provider - \"yes\", which broadcasts newer American and British TV Shows from HBO, AMC, Showtime, Starz and FX in Midnights.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ The channel began airing on January 21, 2012, on channel 14, replacing \"yes Real\" \"yes Oh\" airs all of its schedule in High Definition simulcast on yes Oh HD on channel 14.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ On January 17, 2010, \"yes\" launched the channel Yes Next (styled as yes Next and formerly called \"yes stars Next\"), which broadcast American, British and Israeli TV shows from all genres.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ The concept of the channel was to air shows approaching to the younger demographics.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Two anime adaptations were produced; one by Toei Animation, which aired from April 4, 1998 to October 10, 1998, and another produced by NAS and animated by Studio Gallop titled \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Duel Monsters\", which aired between April 2000 and September 2004.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ The manga series has spawned a franchise that includes multiple spin-off manga and anime series, a trading card game, and numerous video games.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Most of the incarnations of the franchise involve the fictional trading card game known as \"Duel Monsters\", where each player uses cards to \"duel\" each other in a mock battle of fantasy \"monsters\".", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ This forms the basis for the real life \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh Eun-sun (Korean: 오은선, Hanja: 吳銀善, born March 5, 1966) is a South Korean female mountaineer.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ She is the first Korean woman to climb the Seven Summits.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ On April 27, 2010, she reached the Annapurna summit.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh claimed she had climbed all fourteen eight-thousanders, which would have made her the first woman to achieve this feat, but her claim to have ascended Kangchenjunga was disputed by multiple experts.", "Oh Eun-sun __knowledge__ Oh Eun-sun later admitted that she had to stop a few hundred meters before the Kangchenjunga summit — therefore the Korean Alpine Federation ruled that Oh did not climb that peak, and the mountaineering site ExplorersWeb considered that Edurne Pasaban is the first woman to have successfully climbed all fourteen peaks.", "Artificial turf __knowledge__ Artificial turf is a surface of synthetic fibers made to look like natural grass.", "Artificial turf __knowledge__ It is most often used in arenas for sports that were originally or are normally played on grass.", "Artificial turf __knowledge__ However, it is now being used on residential lawns and commercial applications as well.", "Artificial turf __knowledge__ The main reason is maintenance—artificial turf stands up to heavy use, such as in sports, and requires no irrigation or trimming.", "Artificial turf __knowledge__ Domed, covered, and partially covered stadiums may require artificial turf because of the difficulty of getting grass enough sunlight to stay healthy.", "Artificial turf __knowledge__ Artificial turf does have its downside, however: limited life, periodic cleaning requirements, petroleum use, toxic chemicals from infill, and heightened health and safety concerns.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Hockey is a sport in which two teams play against each other by trying to maneuver a ball or a puck into the opponent's goal using a hockey stick.", "Hockey __knowledge__ There are many types of hockey such as bandy, field hockey and ice hockey.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Often one variation of the sport, such as field hockey or ice hockey, will predominate in a certain area and be known simply as \"hockey\".", "Hockey __knowledge__ The first recorded use of the word \"hockey\" is in the 1773 book \"Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education\" by Richard Johnson (Pseud.", "Hockey __knowledge__ Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is a team winter sport played on ice, in which skaters use sticks to direct a ball into the opposing team's goal.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Based on the number of participating athletes, bandy is the world's second most popular winter sport after ice hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is also the number two winter sport in tickets sold per day of competitions at the sport's world championship compared to the other winter sports.", "Bandy __knowledge__ The sport is considered a form of hockey and has a common background with association football, ice hockey and field hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Like football, the game is normally played in halves of 45 minutes each, there are eleven players on each team, and the bandy field is about the same size as a football pitch.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually consisting of six players each: one goaltender, and five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is most popular in Canada, central and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and the United States.", "Ice hockey __knowledge__ Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, and enjoys immense popularity; alongside Canada, ice hockey is the most popular winter sport in Belarus, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, and Switzerland.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ In field hockey, each player carries a stick and cannot take part in the game without it.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ The stick for an adult is usually in the range 89–95 cm (35–38 in) long.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ A maximum length of 105 cm (41\") was stipulated from 2016.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ The maximum permitted weight is 737 grams.The majority of players use a stick in the range 19 oz to 22 oz (538 g - 623 g).", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ Traditionally hockey sticks were made of hickory, ash or mulberry wood with the head of the sticks being hand carved and therefore required skilled craftsmen to produce.", "Field hockey stick __knowledge__ Sticks made of wood continue to be made but the higher grade sticks are now manufactured from composite materials which were first permitted after 1992.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India is home to a diverse population playing many different sports across the country.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Football is a popular sport in some of the Indian states.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won all the Kabaddi World Cups to date.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ The country has won eight Olympic gold medals in field hockey.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ However, cricket is the most popular sport in India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Kabaddi, an indigenous sport is popular in rural India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Several games originated in India including chess, snooker and other regional games.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won medals in badminton, kabaddi, hockey and many other sports and disciplines.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Recently, different forms of martial arts have also gained a lot of prominence in India." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 2 ]

[ "I was too scared to do hockey as a kid, I should have considered to do Field Hockey", "Well field hockey isn't on ice, it's actually played on turf, or grass, and even indoors.", "Yes exactly like it but on land! It's earliest origins are back to the middle ages, as far as the Netherlands too" ]

[ "Field hockey", "Field hockey", "Field hockey" ]

[ "Cinematography\nI wish I would've taken a cinematography class in college. I would love to learn more about the art.", "Interesting! How does it work?", "I'm really into movies and film.", "That's so interesting. Do you know who came up with the process?", "I didn't know that it was used in other fields. How is cinematography used in business?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cinematography __knowledge__ Cinematography (also called \"Direction of Photography\") is the science or art of motion-picture photography by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as film stock.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ Typically, a lens is used to repeatedly focus the light reflected from objects into real images on the light-sensitive surface inside a camera during a questioned exposure, creating multiple images.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ With an electronic image sensor, this produces an electrical charge at each pixel, which is electronically processed and stored in a video file for subsequent display or processing.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ The result with photographic emulsion is a series of invisible latent images on the film stock, which are later chemically \"developed\" into a visible image.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ The images on the film stock are played back at a rapid speed and projected onto a screen, creating the illusion of motion.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ Cinematography finds uses in many fields of science and business as well as for entertainment purposes and mass communication.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ The word \"cinematography\" was created from the Greek words (\"kinema\"), meaning \"movement, motion\" and (\"graphein\") meaning \"to record\", together meaning \"recording motion.\"", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The Hobbit is a film series consisting of three high fantasy adventure films directed by Peter Jackson.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ They are based on the 1937 novel \"The Hobbit\" by J. R. R. Tolkien, with large portions of the trilogy inspired by the appendices to \"The Return of the King\", which expand on the story told in \"The Hobbit\", as well as new material and characters written especially for the films.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ Together they act as a prequel to Jackson's \"The Lord of the Rings\" film trilogy.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The films are subtitled \"\" (2012), \"\" (2013), and \"\" (2014).", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Fran Walsh, Philippa Boyens, Jackson, and Guillermo del Toro, who was originally chosen to direct before his departure from the project.", "List of Fushigi Yûgi characters __knowledge__ This article lists the major characters from the manga series Fushigi Yûgi, its anime adaptation, and the prequels Fushigi Yûgi Genbu Kaiden and Fushigi Yûgi Byakko Ibun.", "List of Fushigi Yûgi characters __knowledge__ , the primary protagonist in \"Fushigi Yûgi\", is an ordinary 15-year-old junior high school student.", "List of Fushigi Yûgi characters __knowledge__ She initially decides to become the Priestess of Suzaku (\"Suzaku no Miko\") in order to ask Suzaku to grant her wish to join her best friend, Yui, at the same high school.", "List of Fushigi Yûgi characters __knowledge__ Miaka falls in love with Tamahome: this motivates Miaka to gather the seven Celestial Warriors of Suzaku and summon the god Suzaku Seikun.", "List of Fushigi Yûgi characters __knowledge__ Though Miaka's final wish as the Priestess of Suzaku had been for her and Tamahome to remain together forever, she chooses instead to ask Suzaku to save \"this world\" (Miaka's world after being destroyed by the battle between Seiryuu and Suzaku) and restore it to the way it was.", "Mario Amura __knowledge__ Mario Amura (born 1973, Naples) is an Italian photographer and cinematographer.", "Mario Amura __knowledge__ After graduating in International Law at Naples University, attends cinematography class at Centro sperimentale di cinematografia (Experimental film centre or Italian National film school), in Rome.", "Mario Amura __knowledge__ His career as photographer starts in 1993: in 1999 Studio d’Arte Memoli in Milan publishes the first catalogue of his photographic collected works.", "Mario Amura __knowledge__ The debut as professional cinematographer is in 2003 with Maurizio Fiume's full feature \"E io ti seguo\" (I will follow you), selected at Montreal World Film Festival.", "Mario Amura __knowledge__ Amongst the other major credits since 2003, the collaboration with the Italian film director Vincenzo Marra, with three documentaries (\"Pasaggio a Sud\", \"L’udienza è aperta\", \"Il grande progetto\") and the 2004 fictional full feature movie \"Vento di terra\" (Earth Wind), awarded at 61st Venice Film Festival by Fipresci as most innovative movie.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of supporting characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ is a fictional character in the anime \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ OVA In the OVA, Katsuhito, also known as , fled Jurai over 700 years ago to \"retire\" on Earth.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ He was once the greatest swordsman on Jurai.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Currently Katsuhito is a Shinto priest who is not only training Tenchi to be a Shinto priest but also training him in Jurai swordsmanship.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Yōshō had a marriage arranged with half-sister Ayeka, but left.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ At the time, not all Juraians liked the idea of mixed blood heritages (he is part human, on his mother's side) and he used Ryōko's attack as an excuse to slip away to Earth.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ Stanley Kubrick (; July 26, 1928 – March 7, 1999) was an American film director, screenwriter, and producer.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ He is frequently cited as one of the greatest and most influential directors in cinematic history.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ His films, which are mostly adaptations of novels or short stories, cover a wide range of genres, and are noted for their realism, dark humor, unique cinematography, extensive set designs, and evocative use of music.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ Kubrick was raised in the Bronx, New York City, and attended William Howard Taft High School from 1941 to 1945.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ Although he only received average grades, Kubrick displayed a keen interest in literature, photography, and film from a young age, and taught himself all aspects of film production and directing after graduating from high school." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cinematography __knowledge__ Cinematography (also called \"Direction of Photography\") is the science or art of motion-picture photography by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as film stock.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ Typically, a lens is used to repeatedly focus the light reflected from objects into real images on the light-sensitive surface inside a camera during a questioned exposure, creating multiple images.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ With an electronic image sensor, this produces an electrical charge at each pixel, which is electronically processed and stored in a video file for subsequent display or processing.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ The result with photographic emulsion is a series of invisible latent images on the film stock, which are later chemically \"developed\" into a visible image.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ The images on the film stock are played back at a rapid speed and projected onto a screen, creating the illusion of motion.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ Cinematography finds uses in many fields of science and business as well as for entertainment purposes and mass communication.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ The word \"cinematography\" was created from the Greek words (\"kinema\"), meaning \"movement, motion\" and (\"graphein\") meaning \"to record\", together meaning \"recording motion.\"", "QI __knowledge__ QI (Quite Interesting) is a British comedy panel game television quiz show created and co-produced by John Lloyd, and features permanent panelist Alan Davies.", "QI __knowledge__ Stephen Fry was host of the show from its initial pilot, before departing after the final episode of the M series in 2015, with frequent \"QI\" panelist Sandi Toksvig replacing him prior to the beginning of the N series in 2016.", "QI __knowledge__ The format of the show focuses on Davies and three other guest panelists answering questions that are extremely obscure, making it unlikely that the correct answer will be given.", "QI __knowledge__ To compensate, the panelists are awarded points not only for the right answer, but also for interesting ones, regardless of whether they are right or even relate to the original question, while points are deducted for \"answers which are not only wrong, but pathetically obvious\" – typically answers that are generally believed to be true but in fact are misconceptions.", "Sexual Desire (book) __knowledge__ Sexual Desire: A Philosophical Investigation, published as Sexual Desire: A Moral Philosophy of the Erotic in the United States, is a 1986 book about the philosophy of sex by the philosopher Roger Scruton, in which the author discusses sexual desire and erotic love, defends traditional sexual morality, and examines the nature of sexual perversion.", "Sexual Desire (book) __knowledge__ The book was first published in the United Kingdom by Weidenfeld and Nicolson.", "Sexual Desire (book) __knowledge__ Scruton argues that sexual desire is characterized by intentionality, that sex is morally permissible only if it involves love and intimacy, and that homosexuality is a perversion, as is a form of masturbation.", "Land-use forecasting __knowledge__ Land-use forecasting undertakes to project the distribution and intensity of trip generating activities in the urban area.", "Land-use forecasting __knowledge__ In practice, land-use models are demand-driven, using as inputs the aggregate information on growth produced by an aggregate economic forecasting activity.", "Land-use forecasting __knowledge__ Land-use estimates are inputs to the transportation planning process.", "Land-use forecasting __knowledge__ The discussion of land-use forecasting to follow begins with a review of the Chicago Area Transportation Study (CATS) effort.", "Land-use forecasting __knowledge__ CATS researchers did interesting work, but did not produce a transferable forecasting model, and researchers elsewhere worked to develop models.", "Mosaic __knowledge__ A mosaic is a piece of art or image made from the assemblage of small pieces of colored glass, stone, or other materials.", "Mosaic __knowledge__ It is often used in decorative art or as interior decoration.", "Mosaic __knowledge__ Most mosaics are made of small, flat, roughly square, pieces of stone or glass of different colors, known as \"tesserae\".", "Mosaic __knowledge__ Some, especially floor mosaics, are made of small rounded pieces of stone, and called \"pebble mosaics\".", "Mosaic __knowledge__ Mosaics have a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC.", "Mosaic __knowledge__ Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.", "E11 European long distance path __knowledge__ The E11 European long distance path or E11 path is one of the European long-distance paths, running 2560 km (about 1600 miles) west-east from The Hague in the Netherlands through Germany and Poland to the Lithuanian border.", "E11 European long distance path __knowledge__ It starts in Scheveningen, a fishing community, commercial harbor and spa in The Hague on the Dutch coast of the North Sea.", "E11 European long distance path __knowledge__ As there are no rambling organizations from Lithuania, Latvia or Russia participating in the European Ramblers' Association, it is unlikely that the E11 will be extended to reach Saint Petersburg or Moscow, as was foreseen originally.", "E11 European long distance path __knowledge__ The E11 is one of three European long distance paths running East from the Benelux to Eastern Poland.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ This article contains brief biographies for characters from Terry Pratchett's \"Discworld\" series.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ This list consists of human characters.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ For biographies of noted members of the Discworld's \"ethnic minorities\" (dwarfs, trolls, undead (Discworld), etc.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ ), see the specific articles for those races.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ Some character biographies are also listed in articles relating to the organisations they belong to.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ For further Discworld character biographies, see the table below.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ Characters are listed alphabetically by name.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ The daughter of Robert Dearheart, founder of the Grand Trunk Semaphore Company, and sister of the murdered John Dearheart, Adora Belle Dearheart (featured in \"Going Postal\", \"Making Money\" and \"Raising Steam\") is cynical, angry, and a heavy smoker (so memorably heavy that Moist, needing to find her, considered looking for a large plume of smoke coming from houses in the area, but ultimately asked a tobacconist), although it is also noted that she looks extremely good in a very plain gray dress.", "Romanian philosophy __knowledge__ Romanian philosophy is a name covering either a) the philosophy done in Romania or by Romanians, or b) an ethnic philosophy, which expresses at a high level the fundamental features of the Romanian spirituality, or which elevates to a philosophical level the Weltanschauung of the Romanian people, as deposited in language and folklore, traditions, architecture and other linguistic and cultural artifacts.", "Romanian philosophy __knowledge__ The discussion concerning the existence of a Romanian philosophy has known three stages.", "Romanian philosophy __knowledge__ Between the two World Wars, after the emergence of Greater Romania, Romanian national identity went through a crisis.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Theologians may undertake Christian theology in order: or for a variety of other reasons.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology as a discipline of Christian theology formulates an orderly, rational and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophical evolution.", "English words of Greek origin __knowledge__ The Greek language has contributed to the English vocabulary in five main ways: The post-classical coinages are by far the most numerous of these.", "English words of Greek origin __knowledge__ Since the living Greek and English languages were not in direct contact until modern times, borrowings were necessarily indirect, coming either through Latin (through texts or various vernaculars), or from Ancient Greek texts, not the living language.", "English words of Greek origin __knowledge__ Some Greek words were borrowed into Latin and its descendants, the Romance languages.", "English words of Greek origin __knowledge__ English often received these words from French.", "English words of Greek origin __knowledge__ Their phonetic and orthographic form has sometimes changed considerably.", "Leading __knowledge__ In typography, leading ( ) refers to the distance between the baselines of successive lines of type.", "Leading __knowledge__ The term originated in the days of hand-typesetting, when thin strips of lead were inserted into the forms to increase the vertical distance between lines of type.", "Leading __knowledge__ The term is still used in modern page-layout software such as QuarkXPress and Adobe InDesign.", "Leading __knowledge__ In consumer-oriented word-processing software, this concept is usually referred to as \"line spacing\" or \"interline spacing\".", "Leading __knowledge__ The word comes from lead strips that were put between set lines of lead type, hence the pronunciation \"ledding\" and not \"leeding\".", "Hou Hsiao-hsien __knowledge__ Hou Hsiao-hsien ( born 8 April 1947) is a Taiwanese film director, screenwriter, producer and actor.", "Hou Hsiao-hsien __knowledge__ He is a leading figure in world cinema and in Taiwan's New Wave cinema movement, an auteur.", "Hou Hsiao-hsien __knowledge__ He won the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival in 1989 for his film \"A City of Sadness\" (1989), and the Best Director award at the Cannes Film Festival in 2015 for \"The Assassin\" (2015).", "Hou Hsiao-hsien __knowledge__ Other highly regarded works of his include \"The Puppetmaster\" (1993) and \"Flowers of Shanghai\" (1998).", "Hou Hsiao-hsien __knowledge__ Hou was voted \"Director of the Decade\" for the 1990s in a poll of American and international critics put together by \"The Village Voice\" and \"Film Comment\".", "Ancient Greek phonology __knowledge__ Ancient Greek phonology is the description of the reconstructed phonology or pronunciation of Ancient Greek.", "Ancient Greek phonology __knowledge__ This article mostly deals with the pronunciation of the standard Attic dialect of the fifth century BC, used by Plato and other Classical Greek writers, and touches on other dialects spoken at the same time or earlier.", "Ancient Greek phonology __knowledge__ The pronunciation of Ancient Greek is not known from direct observation, but determined from other types of evidence.", "Ancient Greek phonology __knowledge__ Some details regarding the pronunciation of Attic Greek and other Ancient Greek dialects are unknown, but it is generally agreed that Attic Greek had certain features not present in English or Modern Greek, such as a three-way distinction between voiced, voiceless, and aspirated stops (such as ); a distinction between single and double consonants and short and long vowels in most positions in a word; and a word accent that involved pitch.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos (, \"Zákynthos\" , ) or Zante (, \"Tzánte\" , ; from Venetian), is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ It is the third largest of the Ionian Islands.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos is a separate regional unit of the Ionian Islands region, and its only municipality.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ It covers an area of and its coastline is roughly in length.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ The name, like all similar names ending in -nthos, is pre-Mycenaean or Pelasgian in origin.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ In Greek mythology the island was said to be named after Zakynthos, the son of a legendary Arcadian chief Dardanus.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos is a tourist destination, with an international airport served by charter flights from northern Europe." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cinematography __knowledge__ Cinematography (also called \"Direction of Photography\") is the science or art of motion-picture photography by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as film stock.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ Typically, a lens is used to repeatedly focus the light reflected from objects into real images on the light-sensitive surface inside a camera during a questioned exposure, creating multiple images.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ With an electronic image sensor, this produces an electrical charge at each pixel, which is electronically processed and stored in a video file for subsequent display or processing.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ The result with photographic emulsion is a series of invisible latent images on the film stock, which are later chemically \"developed\" into a visible image.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ The images on the film stock are played back at a rapid speed and projected onto a screen, creating the illusion of motion.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ Cinematography finds uses in many fields of science and business as well as for entertainment purposes and mass communication.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ The word \"cinematography\" was created from the Greek words (\"kinema\"), meaning \"movement, motion\" and (\"graphein\") meaning \"to record\", together meaning \"recording motion.\"", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU.", "Dump months __knowledge__ The dump months are what the film community calls the two periods of the year when there are lowered commercial and critical expectations for most new releases.", "Dump months __knowledge__ Audiences during these periods are smaller than the rest of the year, so no tentpole movies are released.", "Dump months __knowledge__ January and February are usually most commonly described this way, with August and September sometimes included.", "Dump months __knowledge__ Releases during those times primarily include films that would have been released at other times of year had they done better at test screenings, films with less prominent stars, genre films (particularly horror), movies that cannot be easily marketed and films intended for a teenage audience, which has fewer entertainment options outside the home.", "Grindhouse (film) __knowledge__ Grindhouse is a 2007 American horror film double feature co-written, produced, and directed by Robert Rodriguez and Quentin Tarantino.", "Grindhouse (film) __knowledge__ The double feature consists of two feature-length segments, Rodriguez's \"Planet Terror\" and Tarantino's \"Death Proof\", and is bookended by fictional trailers for upcoming attractions (though two of the trailers, \"Machete\" and \"Hobo with a Shotgun\", have since been made into movies), advertisements, and in-theater announcements.", "Grindhouse (film) __knowledge__ The film's title derives from the U.S. film industry term \"grindhouse\", which refers to (now mostly defunct) movie theaters specializing in B movies, often exploitation films, shown in a multiple-feature format.", "B movie __knowledge__ A B movie or B film is a low-budget commercial movie, but not an arthouse film.", "B movie __knowledge__ In its original usage, during the Golden Age of Hollywood, the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature (akin to B-sides for recorded music).", "B movie __knowledge__ Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s, the term \"B movie\" continues to be used in its broader sense to this day.", "B movie __knowledge__ In its post–Golden Age usage, there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition: on the one hand, the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient; on the other, many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing, mixing or re-recording is a post-production process used in filmmaking and video production in which additional or supplementary recordings are \"mixed\" with original production sound to create the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ The process usually takes place on a dub stage.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ After sound editors edit and prepare all the necessary tracks – dialogue, automated dialogue replacement (ADR), effects, Foley, music – the dubbing mixers proceed to balance all of the elements and record the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing is sometimes confused with ADR, also known as \"additional dialogue replacement\", \"automated dialogue recording\", and \"looping\", in which the original actors re-record and synchronize audio segments.", "Hansel &amp; Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters is a 2013 dark fantasy action horror comedy film written and directed by Tommy Wirkola.", "Hansel &amp; Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ It is a continuation to the German folklore fairy tale \"Hansel and Gretel\", in which the titular siblings are now grown up and working as a duo of witch exterminators for hire.", "Hansel &amp; Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ The film stars Jeremy Renner, Gemma Arterton, Famke Janssen, Peter Stormare, Thomas Mann, Pihla Viitala and Derek Mears.", "Hansel &amp; Gretel: Witch Hunters __knowledge__ Originally scheduled for release in March 2012, \"Hansel & Gretel\" was delayed for ten months to accommodate Renner's appearances in \"The Avengers\" and \"The Bourne Legacy\" and to give Wirkola time to shoot a post-credits scene.", "Digital single-lens reflex camera __knowledge__ A digital single-lens reflex camera (also called a digital SLR or DSLR) is a digital camera that combines the optics and the mechanisms of a single-lens reflex camera with a digital imaging sensor, as opposed to photographic film.", "Digital single-lens reflex camera __knowledge__ The reflex design scheme is the primary difference between a DSLR and other digital cameras.", "Digital single-lens reflex camera __knowledge__ In the reflex design, light travels through the lens, then to a mirror that alternates to send the image to either the viewfinder or the image sensor.", "Digital single-lens reflex camera __knowledge__ The traditional alternative would be to have a viewfinder with its own lens, hence the term \"single lens\" for this design.", "Digital single-lens reflex camera __knowledge__ By using only one lens, the viewfinder of a DSLR presents an image that will not differ substantially from what is captured by the camera's sensor.", "Digital camera __knowledge__ A digital camera or digicam is a camera that captures photographs in digital memory.", "Digital camera __knowledge__ Most cameras produced today are digital, and while there are still dedicated compact cameras on the market, the use of dedicated digital cameras is dwindling, as digital cameras are now incorporated into many devices ranging from mobile devices to vehicles.", "Digital camera __knowledge__ However, expensive, high-end, high-definition dedicated cameras are still commonly used by professionals.", "Digital camera __knowledge__ Digital and movie cameras share an optical system, typically using a lens with a variable diaphragm to focus light onto an image pickup device.", "Digital camera __knowledge__ The diaphragm and shutter admit the correct amount of light to the imager, just as with film but the image pickup device is electronic rather than chemical.", "Image sensor format __knowledge__ \"Note: If you came here to get a quick understanding of numbers like 1/2.3, skip ahead to table of sensor formats and sizes.", "Image sensor format __knowledge__ For a simplified discussion of image sensors see image sensor.\"", "Image sensor format __knowledge__ In digital photography, the image sensor format is the shape and size of the image sensor.", "Image sensor format __knowledge__ The image sensor format of a digital camera determines the angle of view of a particular lens when used with a particular sensor.", "Image sensor format __knowledge__ Because the image sensors in many digital cameras is smaller than the 24 mm × 36 mm image area of full-frame 35-mm cameras, a lens of a given focal length will give a narrower field of view on such cameras.", "Photography __knowledge__ Photography is the science, art, application and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film.", "Photography __knowledge__ Typically, a lens is used to focus the light reflected or emitted from objects into a real image on the light-sensitive surface inside a camera during a timed exposure.", "Photography __knowledge__ With an electronic image sensor, this produces an electrical charge at each pixel, which is electronically processed and stored in a digital image file for subsequent display or processing.", "Image stabilization __knowledge__ Image stabilization (IS) is a family of techniques that reduce blurring associated with the motion of a camera or other imaging device during exposure.", "Image stabilization __knowledge__ Generally, it compensates for pan and tilt (angular movement, equivalent to yaw and pitch) of the imaging device, though electronic image stabilization can also compensate for rotation.", "Image stabilization __knowledge__ It is used in image-stabilized binoculars, still and video cameras, astronomical telescopes, and also smartphones, mainly the high-end.", "Image stabilization __knowledge__ With still cameras, camera shake is particularly problematic at slow shutter speeds or with long focal length (telephoto or zoom) lenses.", "Dust reduction system __knowledge__ A dust reduction system, or dust removal system, is used in several makes of digital cameras to remove dust from the image sensor.", "Dust reduction system __knowledge__ Every time lenses are changed, dust may enter the camera body and settle on the image sensor.", "Dust reduction system __knowledge__ Digital single-lens reflex cameras (DSLR) are particularly vulnerable to this issue, since the interior of the camera is exposed during lens changes unlike other forms of digital cameras, and the image sensor is fixed, unlike a film camera.", "Dust reduction system __knowledge__ Even the tiniest (micrometre-size) dust particles or other contaminants that settle on the face of the image sensor (individual pixels of which have dimensions on the order of ~5 micrometres) may cast shadows and thus become visible in the final image as more or less diffuse grey blobs, depending on aperture.", "Expeed __knowledge__ The Nikon Expeed image/video processors (often styled \"EXPEED\") are media processors for Nikon's digital cameras.", "Expeed __knowledge__ They perform a large number of tasks: Bayer filtering, demosaicing, image sensor corrections/dark-frame subtraction, image noise reduction, image sharpening, image scaling, gamma correction, image enhancement/Active D-Lighting, colorspace conversion, chroma subsampling, framerate conversion, lens distortion/chromatic aberration correction, image compression/JPEG encoding, video compression, display/video interface driving, digital image editing, face detection, audio processing/compression/encoding and computer data storage/data transmission." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cinematography __knowledge__ Cinematography (also called \"Direction of Photography\") is the science or art of motion-picture photography by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as film stock.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ Typically, a lens is used to repeatedly focus the light reflected from objects into real images on the light-sensitive surface inside a camera during a questioned exposure, creating multiple images.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ With an electronic image sensor, this produces an electrical charge at each pixel, which is electronically processed and stored in a video file for subsequent display or processing.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ The result with photographic emulsion is a series of invisible latent images on the film stock, which are later chemically \"developed\" into a visible image.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ The images on the film stock are played back at a rapid speed and projected onto a screen, creating the illusion of motion.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ Cinematography finds uses in many fields of science and business as well as for entertainment purposes and mass communication.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ The word \"cinematography\" was created from the Greek words (\"kinema\"), meaning \"movement, motion\" and (\"graphein\") meaning \"to record\", together meaning \"recording motion.\"", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of Daredevil characters __knowledge__ \"Daredevil\" is an American web television series created for Netflix by Drew Goddard, based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name.", "List of Daredevil characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the films of the franchise, and is the first in a series of shows that will lead up to a Defenders crossover miniseries.", "List of Daredevil characters __knowledge__ The series stars Charlie Cox as Matt Murdock / Daredevil, as well as Deborah Ann Woll, Elden Henson, Rosario Dawson, and Vincent D'Onofrio.", "List of Daredevil characters __knowledge__ Toby Leonard Moore, Vondie Curtis-Hall, Bob Gunton, and Ayelet Zurer join them for the first season, while Jon Bernthal, Élodie Yung, and Stephen Rider join them for the second.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ This article contains brief biographies for characters from Terry Pratchett's \"Discworld\" series.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ This list consists of human characters.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ For biographies of noted members of the Discworld's \"ethnic minorities\" (dwarfs, trolls, undead (Discworld), etc.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ ), see the specific articles for those races.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ Some character biographies are also listed in articles relating to the organisations they belong to.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ For further Discworld character biographies, see the table below.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ Characters are listed alphabetically by name.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ The daughter of Robert Dearheart, founder of the Grand Trunk Semaphore Company, and sister of the murdered John Dearheart, Adora Belle Dearheart (featured in \"Going Postal\", \"Making Money\" and \"Raising Steam\") is cynical, angry, and a heavy smoker (so memorably heavy that Moist, needing to find her, considered looking for a large plume of smoke coming from houses in the area, but ultimately asked a tobacconist), although it is also noted that she looks extremely good in a very plain gray dress.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Film stock __knowledge__ Film stock is an analog medium that is used for recording motion pictures or animation.", "Film stock __knowledge__ It is a strip or sheet of transparent plastic film base coated on one side with a gelatin emulsion containing microscopically small light-sensitive silver halide crystals.", "Film stock __knowledge__ The sizes and other characteristics of the crystals determine the sensitivity, contrast and resolution of the film.", "Film stock __knowledge__ The emulsion will gradually darken if left exposed to light, but the process is too slow and incomplete to be of any practical use.", "Film stock __knowledge__ Instead, a very short exposure to the image formed by a camera lens is used to produce only a very slight chemical change, proportional to the amount of light absorbed by each crystal.", "Fingerprint __knowledge__ A fingerprint in its narrow sense is an impression left by the friction ridges of a human finger.", "Fingerprint __knowledge__ The recovery of fingerprints from a crime scene is an important method of forensic science.", "Fingerprint __knowledge__ Fingerprints are easily deposited on suitable surfaces (such as glass or metal or polished stone) by the natural secretions of sweat from the eccrine glands that are present in epidermal ridges.", "Fingerprint __knowledge__ These are sometimes referred to as \"Chanced Impressions\".", "Fingerprint __knowledge__ In a wider use of the term, fingerprints are the traces of an impression from the friction ridges of any part of a human or other primate hand.", "Fingerprint __knowledge__ A print from the sole of the foot can also leave an impression of friction ridges.", "35 mm film __knowledge__ 35 mm film (millimeter) is the film gauge most commonly used for motion pictures and chemical still photography (see 135 film).", "35 mm film __knowledge__ The name of the gauge refers to the width of the photographic film, which consists of strips 34.98 ±0.03 mm (1.377 ±0.001 inches) wide.", "35 mm film __knowledge__ The standard negative pulldown for movies (\"single-frame\" format) is four perforations per frame along both edges, which results in 16 frames per foot of film.", "35 mm film __knowledge__ For still photography, the standard frame has eight perforations on each side.", "35 mm film __knowledge__ A variety of largely proprietary gauges were devised for the numerous camera and projection systems being developed independently in the late 19th century and early 20th century, ranging from 13 mm to 75 mm (0.51–2.95 in), as well as a variety of film feeding systems.", "Louis Daguerre __knowledge__ Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre (; 18 November 1787 – 10 July 1851), better known as Louis Daguerre, was a French artist and photographer, recognized for his invention of the daguerreotype process of photography.", "Louis Daguerre __knowledge__ He became known as one of the fathers of photography.", "Louis Daguerre __knowledge__ Though he is most famous for his contributions to photography, he was also an accomplished painter and a developer of the diorama theatre.", "Louis Daguerre __knowledge__ Louis Daguerre was born in Cormeilles-en-Parisis, Val-d'Oise, France.", "Louis Daguerre __knowledge__ He was apprenticed in architecture, theatre design, and panoramic painting to Pierre Prévost, the first French panorama painter.", "Latent image __knowledge__ A latent image is an invisible image produced by the exposure to light of a photosensitive material such as photographic film.", "Latent image __knowledge__ When photographic film is developed, the area that was exposed darkens and forms a visible image.", "Latent image __knowledge__ In the early days of photography, the nature of the invisible change in the silver halide crystals of the film's emulsion coating was unknown, so the image was said to be \"latent\" until the film was treated with photographic developer.", "Latent image __knowledge__ In more physical terms, a latent image is a small cluster of metallic silver atoms formed in or on a silver halide crystal due to reduction of interstitial silver ions by photoelectrons (a photolytic silver cluster).", "Photography __knowledge__ Photography is the science, art, application and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film.", "Photography __knowledge__ Typically, a lens is used to focus the light reflected or emitted from objects into a real image on the light-sensitive surface inside a camera during a timed exposure.", "Photography __knowledge__ With an electronic image sensor, this produces an electrical charge at each pixel, which is electronically processed and stored in a digital image file for subsequent display or processing." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cinematography __knowledge__ Cinematography (also called \"Direction of Photography\") is the science or art of motion-picture photography by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as film stock.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ Typically, a lens is used to repeatedly focus the light reflected from objects into real images on the light-sensitive surface inside a camera during a questioned exposure, creating multiple images.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ With an electronic image sensor, this produces an electrical charge at each pixel, which is electronically processed and stored in a video file for subsequent display or processing.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ The result with photographic emulsion is a series of invisible latent images on the film stock, which are later chemically \"developed\" into a visible image.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ The images on the film stock are played back at a rapid speed and projected onto a screen, creating the illusion of motion.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ Cinematography finds uses in many fields of science and business as well as for entertainment purposes and mass communication.", "Cinematography __knowledge__ The word \"cinematography\" was created from the Greek words (\"kinema\"), meaning \"movement, motion\" and (\"graphein\") meaning \"to record\", together meaning \"recording motion.\"", "Alarum (band) __knowledge__ Alarum are an Australian progressive metal and technical death metal band which formed in 1992.", "Alarum (band) __knowledge__ Their first album, \"Fluid Motion\", was self-released in 1998.", "Alarum (band) __knowledge__ The second album, \"Eventuality...\", was released in Australia and United States on Willowtip Records in October 2004 and in Europe on Earache Records in June 2005.", "Alarum (band) __knowledge__ From April to June 2006 Alarum toured US with Necrophagist, Arsis, Cattle Decapitation and Neuraxis.", "Alarum (band) __knowledge__ They followed with shows in the United Kingdom and Ireland with Obituary.", "Alarum (band) __knowledge__ The group's third album, \"Natural Causes\", was issued in Australia and US in October 2011 and in Europe in January 2012.", "Hojjat Chaharmahali __knowledge__ Hojat Chaharmahali (, born March 25, 1989 in Shoushtar, Iran) is an Iranian football player who plays for the Iran Pro League club Esteghlal Khuzestan.", "Hojjat Chaharmahali __knowledge__ Chaharmahali started his career at Foolad FC in 2005.", "Hojjat Chaharmahali __knowledge__ Chaharmahali played for Foolad in the 2006 AFC Champions League group stage.", "Hojjat Chaharmahali __knowledge__ On November 14, 2006 Radio Farda reported that Olympiacos were to sign Chaharmahali on a 5-year deal, although the deal did not go through.", "Hojjat Chaharmahali __knowledge__ He plays for Iran national under-20 football team and Iran national under-23 football team.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (, \"Ostān-e Chahār-Mahāl-o Bakhtiyārī\" ) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ It lies in the southwestern part of the country.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ Its capital is Shahr-e Kord.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The province was put as part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ It has an area of 16,332 square kilometers, and had a population of 895,263 in 2011.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The history of the province is tied to that of the Bakhtiari tribe.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The Bakhtiari tribe can be divided into two sub-tribes, \"Haft Lang\" and \"Chahar Lang\" with various territorial affiliations and they are the main speakers of Lurish language.", "The American Epic Sessions __knowledge__ The American Epic Sessions is a documentary film in which an engineer restores the fabled long-lost first electrical sound recording system from 1925, and twenty contemporary artists pay tribute to the momentous machine by attempting to record songs on it for the first time in 80 years.", "The American Epic Sessions __knowledge__ The film was directed and co-written by Bernard MacMahon and stars Nas, Alabama Shakes, Elton John, Willie Nelson, Merle Haggard, Jack White, Taj Mahal, Ana Gabriel, Pokey LaFarge, Beck, Ashley Monroe and Steve Martin.", "The American Epic Sessions __knowledge__ The film employed a diverse line-up of performers both ethnically and musically to represent the breadth of cultures that were first given a national platform through the invention of this recording machine.", "Citizen Kane __knowledge__ Citizen Kane is a 1941 American mystery drama film by Orson Welles, its producer, co-screenwriter, director and star.", "Citizen Kane __knowledge__ The picture was Welles's first feature film.", "Citizen Kane __knowledge__ Nominated for Academy Awards in nine categories, it won an Academy Award for Best Writing (Original Screenplay) by Herman J. Mankiewicz and Welles.", "Citizen Kane __knowledge__ Considered by many critics, filmmakers, and fans to be the greatest film of all time, \"Citizen Kane\" was voted as such in five consecutive British Film Institute \"Sight & Sound\" polls of critics, until it was displaced by \"Vertigo\" in the 2012 poll.", "Citizen Kane __knowledge__ It topped the American Film Institute's 100 Years ... 100 Movies list in 1998, as well as its 2007 update.", "Elizabeth Poole (prophetess) __knowledge__ Elizabeth Poole (bap.1622?, d. in or around 1668) was a prophetess and writer.", "Elizabeth Poole (prophetess) __knowledge__ Around the age of sixteen she became a follower of William Kiffin (1616-1701) and joined the Particular Baptist sect for a period of about ten years.", "Elizabeth Poole (prophetess) __knowledge__ During the political events in London known as the \"Pride's Purge\" Poole argued against the execution of King Charles I of England (1600-1649).", "Elizabeth Poole (prophetess) __knowledge__ She played a role as prophet to and mediator between the Council of Officers and Levellers, advising them against regicide.", "Elizabeth Poole (prophetess) __knowledge__ Her delivery of a vision to the council on December 29, 1648 inspired John Lilburne (1614-1657), an English political Leveller, to present a petition \"A Plea for Common-Right and Freedom\" arguing for the conversion of the council to a national executive body\".\"", "Roger Zare __knowledge__ Roger Joseph Zare (born 1985 Sarasota, Florida) is an American composer and pianist.", "Roger Zare __knowledge__ Currently based in Chicago, he is known primarily for his orchestral and wind ensemble works, several of which have received significant recognition in the contemporary music community.", "Roger Zare __knowledge__ Zare grew up in [Sarasota, FL] and began playing piano at age 5, violin at age 11, and began composing at age 14.", "Roger Zare __knowledge__ He received his BM from the USC Thornton School of Music in 2007, his MM from the Peabody Conservatory in 2009, and his DMA from the University of Michigan in 2012.", "Roger Zare __knowledge__ Zare’s teachers have included Bright Sheng, Kristin Kuster, Paul Schoenfield, Michael Daugherty, Derek Bermel, David Smooke, Christopher Theofanidis, Tamar Diesendruck, Donald Crockett, Morten Lauridsen, Frederick Lesemann, and Rex Willis.", "Entertainment __knowledge__ Entertainment is a form of activity that holds the attention and interest of an audience, or gives pleasure and delight.", "Entertainment __knowledge__ It can be an idea or a task, but is more likely to be one of the activities or events that have developed over thousands of years specifically for the purpose of keeping an audience's attention.", "Entertainment __knowledge__ Although people's attention is held by different things, because individuals have different preferences in entertainment, most forms are recognisable and familiar.", "Entertainment __knowledge__ Storytelling, music, drama, dance, and different kinds of performance exist in all cultures, were supported in royal courts, developed into sophisticated forms and over time became available to all citizens.", "History of film __knowledge__ Although the start of the history of film is not clearly defined, the commercial, public screening of ten of Lumière brothers' short films in Paris on 28 December 1895 can be regarded as the breakthrough of projected cinematographic motion pictures.", "History of film __knowledge__ There had been earlier cinematographic results and screenings but these lacked either the quality or the momentum that propelled the cinématographe Lumière into a worldwide success.", "History of film __knowledge__ Soon film production companies were established all over the world.", "History of film __knowledge__ The first decade of motion picture saw film moving from a novelty to an established mass entertainment industry.", "Hollywood blacklist __knowledge__ The Hollywood blacklist - as the broader entertainment industry blacklist is generally known - was the practice of denying employment to screenwriters, actors, directors, musicians, and other American entertainment professionals during the mid-20th century because they were accused of having Communist ties or sympathies.", "Hollywood blacklist __knowledge__ Artists were barred from work on the basis of their alleged membership in or sympathy with the Communist Party USA, or their refusal to assist investigations into the party's activities.", "Hollywood blacklist __knowledge__ Even during the period of its strictest enforcement, from the late 1940s through to the late 1950s, the blacklist was rarely made explicit or verifiable, but it directly damaged the careers of scores of individuals working in the film industry.", "Asian Americans in arts and entertainment __knowledge__ Asian Americans have been involved in the entertainment industry since the first half of the 19th century, when Chang and Eng Bunker (the original \"Siamese Twins\") became naturalized citizens.", "Asian Americans in arts and entertainment __knowledge__ Acting roles in television, film, and theater were relatively few, and many available roles were for narrow, stereotypical characters.", "Asian Americans in arts and entertainment __knowledge__ Early Asian American actors such as Sessue Hayakawa, Anna May Wong, and Bruce Lee encountered a movie-making culture that wanted to cast them as caricatures.", "Asian Americans in arts and entertainment __knowledge__ Or like actress Merle Oberon who hid her heritage so she wouldn't have been discriminated by Hollywood's racist laws.", "Burbank, California __knowledge__ Burbank is a city in Los Angeles County in Southern California, United States, northwest of downtown Los Angeles.", "Burbank, California __knowledge__ The population at the 2010 census was 103,340.", "Burbank, California __knowledge__ Billed as the \"Media Capital of the World\" and only a few miles northeast of Hollywood, numerous media and entertainment companies are headquartered or have significant production facilities in Burbank, including The Walt Disney Company, Warner Bros. Entertainment, Nickelodeon Animation Studios, The Burbank Studios, Cartoon Network Studios with the West Coast branch of Cartoon Network, and Insomniac Games.", "Burbank, California __knowledge__ The city is also home to Hollywood Burbank Airport, previously known as Bob Hope Airport." ] ]

[ 7, 1, 4, 6, 48 ]

[ "Cinematography is really fascinating! The word comes from two Greek words, \"kinema\" and \"graphein\".", "Well, there are actually two types. Electronically or by using an image sensor, which uses film. Which would you like to hear about?", "I like traditional film based cinematography too! It's an intricate process where a series of invisible latent images are captured on film stock, then later are chemically developed into a visible image. ", "Hmmm. I'm not sure about that, but cinematography has changed the world! Not only in the entertainment industry but in the fields of business and science as well! ", "I'm guessing because businesses are able to use film to show consumers their product in a way that wasn't possible before film. Short films can be traced back to 1895, but I don't know how businesses showcased their products before its existence." ]

[ "Cinematography", "Cinematography", "Cinematography", "Cinematography", "Cinematography" ]

[ "Extra (acting)", "Nope. I have a face for radio.", "I guess that I'd consider doing it if the opportunity was laid before me but I don't imagine myself expending great energy to get and extra role.", "There isn't a lot of filming going on in my city. I live in Tampa, Florida." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ A background actor or extra is a performer in a film, television show, stage, musical, opera or ballet production, who appears in a nonspeaking or nonsinging (silent) capacity, usually in the background (for example, in an audience or busy street scene).", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ War films and epic films often employ background actors in large numbers: some films have featured hundreds or even thousands of paid background actors as cast members (hence the term \"cast of thousands\").", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Likewise, grand opera can involve many background actors appearing in spectacular productions.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ On a film or TV set, background actors are usually referred to as \"background talent\", \"background performers\", \"background artists\", \"background cast members\" or simply \"background\", while the term \"extra\" is rarely used.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In a stage production, background actors are commonly referred to as \"supernumeraries\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In opera and ballet, they are called either \"extras\" or \"supers\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Casting criteria for background actors depend on the production.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ It has been said that background cast members often require little or no acting experience.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ This is not entirely true, as any type of unrealistic portrayal must include some form of imagination and acting." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ A background actor or extra is a performer in a film, television show, stage, musical, opera or ballet production, who appears in a nonspeaking or nonsinging (silent) capacity, usually in the background (for example, in an audience or busy street scene).", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ War films and epic films often employ background actors in large numbers: some films have featured hundreds or even thousands of paid background actors as cast members (hence the term \"cast of thousands\").", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Likewise, grand opera can involve many background actors appearing in spectacular productions.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ On a film or TV set, background actors are usually referred to as \"background talent\", \"background performers\", \"background artists\", \"background cast members\" or simply \"background\", while the term \"extra\" is rarely used.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In a stage production, background actors are commonly referred to as \"supernumeraries\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In opera and ballet, they are called either \"extras\" or \"supers\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Casting criteria for background actors depend on the production.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ It has been said that background cast members often require little or no acting experience.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ This is not entirely true, as any type of unrealistic portrayal must include some form of imagination and acting.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ The \"Tiny Toon Adventures\" animated television series features an extensive cast of characters.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ The show's central characters are mostly various forms of anthropomorphic animals, based on Looney Tunes characters from earlier films and shows.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ In the series, the characters attend a school called Acme Looniversity, set in the cartoon community of Acme Acres.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ Buster Bunny (initially voiced by Charlie Adler and later by John Kassir) is a main character of the show along with Babs Bunny.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ Buster is a young, blue-and-white male rabbit with a red shirt and white gloves.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ Bugs Bunny is his mentor.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ In the last episode, \"It's a Wonderful Tiny Toon Christmas Special\", Babs states that Buster is indeed her boyfriend.", "Yip Yips __knowledge__ The Yip Yips (also known as the Martians or aliens) are characters on the popular American children's television show \"Sesame Street\".", "Yip Yips __knowledge__ They are interplanetary visitors, from the planet Mars(in the first skit, as soon as they descend, their first words to each other are \"...Not Mars.\"", "Yip Yips __knowledge__ \"Nope.\").", "Yip Yips __knowledge__ They marvel at devices such as clocks, telephones and computers.", "Yip Yips __knowledge__ When frightened, each covers its face with the lower part of its jaw while making a distinctive \"goom\" noise.", "Yip Yips __knowledge__ In their skits, these creatures, with squid-like tentacles, large eyes, and antennae, materialize into a room and say, \"Yip-yip-yip-yip... Uh-huh.", "List of The Land Before Time characters __knowledge__ This is a list of recurring characters in \"The Land Before Time\", a series of animated children's films.", "List of The Land Before Time characters __knowledge__ The main characters include Littlefoot (\"Apatosaurus\"), Cera (\"Triceratops\"), Ducky (\"Saurolophus\"), Petrie (\"Pteranodon\"), Spike (\"Stegosaurus\"), and in the spin-off television series and , Chomper (\"Tyrannosaurus\") and Ruby (\"Oviraptor\").", "List of The Land Before Time characters __knowledge__ Other characters include the families of the main characters, the residents of their home, the Great Valley, and outsiders to the Great Valley.", "List of The Land Before Time characters __knowledge__ The idea for \"The Land Before Time\" came during production of \"An American Tail\".", "List of The Land Before Time characters __knowledge__ Steven Spielberg's studio Amblin Entertainment was interested in doing a film about dinosaurs, which were popular at the time, leading Spielberg, director Don Bluth, and producer George Lucas to develop the prehistoric setting and its cast.", "Asylum in Australia __knowledge__ Asylum in Australia is governed by statutes and Government policies which seek to implement Australia's obligations under the Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, to which Australia is a party.", "Asylum in Australia __knowledge__ Thousands of refugees have sought asylum in Australia over the past decade, with the main forces driving movement being war, civil unrest and persecution.", "Asylum in Australia __knowledge__ The annual refugee quota is currently 20,000 people.", "Asylum in Australia __knowledge__ From 1945 to the early 1990s, more than half a million refugees and other displaced persons were accepted into Australia.", "Asylum in Australia __knowledge__ Historically, most asylum seekers arrived by plane.", "Asylum in Australia __knowledge__ However, there has been an increasing number of asylum seekers arriving by boat in recent years, which has been met with some public disapproval.", "Amanuban __knowledge__ Amanuban was a traditional princedom in West Timor, Indonesia.", "Amanuban __knowledge__ It lay in the regency (kabupaten) Timor Tengah Selatan.", "Amanuban __knowledge__ In the late colonial period, according to an estimate in 1930, Amanuban covered 2,075 square kilometers.", "Amanuban __knowledge__ The centre of the princedom since the 19th century was Niki-Niki.", "Amanuban __knowledge__ The population belongs to the Atoni group.", "Amanuban __knowledge__ Today they are predominantly Protestants, with a significant Catholic minority and some Muslims.", "Amanuban __knowledge__ The ancestor of the royal line is said to have come from Roti island, west of Timor.", "Amanuban __knowledge__ Amanuban is mentioned in Dutch sources as early as 1613, when the Dutch East India Company (Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie or VOC) first approached Timor.", "Beyond the Mat (Supernatural) __knowledge__ \"Beyond the Mat\" is the 15th episode of the paranormal drama television series \"Supernatural\"s season 11, and the 233rd overall.", "Beyond the Mat (Supernatural) __knowledge__ The episode was written by John Bring and Andrew Dabb and directed by Jerry Wanek.", "Beyond the Mat (Supernatural) __knowledge__ It was first broadcast on February 24, 2016 on The CW.", "Beyond the Mat (Supernatural) __knowledge__ In the episode, Sam and Dean investigate the case of the death of one of their favorite wrestlers, which may involve another wrestler.", "Beyond the Mat (Supernatural) __knowledge__ The episode received generally positive reviews with critics praising the humor and the guest stars.", "Beyond the Mat (Supernatural) __knowledge__ After one of their favorite wrestlers apparently commits suicide, Sam (Jared Padalecki) and Dean (Jensen Ackles) go to pay their respects only for a man at the wrestling show to get murdered with a strange symbol etched into his body.", "Earth Liberation Front __knowledge__ The Earth Liberation Front (ELF), also known as \"Elves\" or \"The Elves\", is the collective name for individuals or covert cells who, according to the ELF Press Office, use \"economic sabotage and guerrilla warfare to stop the exploitation and destruction of the environment\".", "Earth Liberation Front __knowledge__ The ELF was founded in Brighton in the United Kingdom in 1992 and spread to the rest of Europe by 1994.", "Earth Liberation Front __knowledge__ It is now an international terrorist organization with actions reported in 17 countries and is widely regarded as descending from Animal Liberation Front because of the relationship and cooperation between the two movements.", "Vijay Sethupathi __knowledge__ Vijaya Gurunatha “Vijay” Sethupathi (born 16 January 1978), is an Indian film actor, producer, lyricist, and dialogue writer who stars in Tamil films.", "Vijay Sethupathi __knowledge__ He is also referred to as \"Makkal Selvan\" (\"People's Son\") in Tamil Nadu.", "Vijay Sethupathi __knowledge__ Following a stint as an accountant, Sethupathi began considering an acting career.", "Vijay Sethupathi __knowledge__ He started his film career working as a background actor, playing minor supporting roles for over five years, before playing his first lead role in Seenu Ramasamy's \"Thenmerku Paruvakaatru\" (2010).", "Vijay Sethupathi __knowledge__ He went on to play the villain role in \"Sundarapandian\" (2012), and got his breakout roles with the films \"Pizza\" (2012) and \"Naduvula Konjam Pakkatha Kaanom\" (2012).", "Soundararaja __knowledge__ Soundararaja (சௌந்தரராஜா) is an Indian film actor and short film producer who appears in Tamil films.", "Soundararaja __knowledge__ Following a stint as a system engineer had worked in Singapore and France he bagun considering acting as career.", "Soundararaja __knowledge__ He was working as a background actor, playing minor supporting roles for over five years; he started his career as villain role in S.R.Prabakaran in \"Sundarapandian\" (2012), \"Varuthapadatha Valiber Sangam\" (2013), \"Jigarthanda\"(2014), in between he did many roles in various projects again in 2016 he acted as Villain again in \"Dharma Durai (2016 film) \"(2016) with his best friend \"Vijay Sethupathi\".", "Darrell McNeil __knowledge__ Darrell Tyrone \"Big D\" McNeil (born November 26, 1957) is an American animator, writer, editor, publisher, producer, and actor.", "Darrell McNeil __knowledge__ He started at the age of eight performing as a background actor and bit player in various movies and television series.", "Darrell McNeil __knowledge__ He entered the animation industry at the age of 18 with Hanna-Barbera Productions.", "Darrell McNeil __knowledge__ He is currently developing and producing a number of animated and live action projects through his own company, Gold Medal Productions.", "Darrell McNeil __knowledge__ McNeil was born in Inglewood, California in the Los Angeles area, (specifically Inglewood) of California in 1957.", "Darrell McNeil __knowledge__ Always interested in television, McNeil became a member of the Screen Children's' Guild.", "Jerome Bonaparte &quot;Black Jack&quot; Ward __knowledge__ Jerome Bonaparte \"Black Jack\" Ward was an American cowboy and Western actor who appeared in over 160 films from 1927 to 1946.", "Jerome Bonaparte &quot;Black Jack&quot; Ward __knowledge__ Ward was born in Franklin, Louisiana on May 3, 1891, but found his way to Hollywood during the height of the making of the black and white westerns appearing in over 160 such films as mostly an uncredited bit and background actor.", "Jerome Bonaparte &quot;Black Jack&quot; Ward __knowledge__ He was credited in \"The Ghost Rider\" (1935) as Henchman Chalky, \"Texas Stampede\" (1939) as Ave Avery, \"Rainbow Riders\" (1934) as Texarkana Pete aka The Candy Kid and in \"Lightning Bill\" (1934) as Ranch hand Red.", "Jerome Bonaparte &quot;Black Jack&quot; Ward __knowledge__ Ward was a work horse appearing in 42 films during the years of 1931 and 1932 alone during the most grueling era of The Great Depression when people turned to the entertainment world of film as a diversion from that dark and uncertain time in America history.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Ganesh (actor) __knowledge__ Ganesh (born 2 July 1980) is an Indian actor and television presenter known for his work in Kannada cinema.", "Ganesh (actor) __knowledge__ Through his career in films and television shows, he has become one of the most popular celebrities and highest-paid actors in Kannada cinema.", "Ganesh (actor) __knowledge__ He is the recipient of several awards, including two Filmfare Awards.", "Ganesh (actor) __knowledge__ He soon became noted after starring in \"Mungaru Male\" film (2006).", "Ganesh (actor) __knowledge__ Ganesh shot to fame with the film \"Mungaru Male\" (2006), which was created a record in Kannada cinema.", "Ganesh (actor) __knowledge__ The film \"Mungaru Male\" in theatres, having collected over 75 crore in end of its lifetime theatrical run of 865 days, it had not only broke all the previous records and it was the milestone in history of Kannada cinema, which was first in India for any language to be screened continuously for one year in a multiplex and went on to become a national record in Indian cinema." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ A background actor or extra is a performer in a film, television show, stage, musical, opera or ballet production, who appears in a nonspeaking or nonsinging (silent) capacity, usually in the background (for example, in an audience or busy street scene).", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ War films and epic films often employ background actors in large numbers: some films have featured hundreds or even thousands of paid background actors as cast members (hence the term \"cast of thousands\").", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Likewise, grand opera can involve many background actors appearing in spectacular productions.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ On a film or TV set, background actors are usually referred to as \"background talent\", \"background performers\", \"background artists\", \"background cast members\" or simply \"background\", while the term \"extra\" is rarely used.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In a stage production, background actors are commonly referred to as \"supernumeraries\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In opera and ballet, they are called either \"extras\" or \"supers\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Casting criteria for background actors depend on the production.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ It has been said that background cast members often require little or no acting experience.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ This is not entirely true, as any type of unrealistic portrayal must include some form of imagination and acting.", "Runge–Kutta methods __knowledge__ In numerical analysis, the Runge–Kutta methods are a family of implicit and explicit iterative methods, which include the well-known routine called the Euler Method, used in temporal discretization for the approximate solutions of ordinary differential equations.", "Runge–Kutta methods __knowledge__ These methods were developed around 1900 by the German mathematicians C. Runge and M. W. Kutta.", "Runge–Kutta methods __knowledge__ See the article on numerical methods for ordinary differential equations for more background and other methods.", "Runge–Kutta methods __knowledge__ See also List of Runge–Kutta methods.", "Runge–Kutta methods __knowledge__ The most widely known member of the Runge–Kutta family is generally referred to as \"RK4\", \"classical Runge–Kutta method\" or simply as \"\"the\" Runge–Kutta method\".", "List of Runge–Kutta methods __knowledge__ Runge–Kutta methods are methods for the numerical solution of the ordinary differential equation which take the form Each method listed on this page is defined by its Butcher tableau, which puts the coefficients of the method in a table as follows: The explicit methods are those where the matrix formula_9 is lower triangular.", "List of Runge–Kutta methods __knowledge__ The Euler method is first order.", "List of Runge–Kutta methods __knowledge__ The lack of stability and accuracy limits its popularity mainly to use as a simple introductory example of a numeric solution method.", "List of Runge–Kutta methods __knowledge__ The (explicit) midpoint method is a second-order method with two stages (see also the implicit midpoint method below): Heun's method is a second-order method with two stages (also known as explicit trapezoid rule): Ralston's method is a second-order method with two stages and a minimum local error bound: The \"original\" Runge–Kutta method.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ Zero-point energy (ZPE) or ground state energy is the lowest possible energy that a quantum mechanical system may have.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ Unlike in classical mechanics, quantum systems constantly fluctuate in their lowest energy state due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ As well as atoms and molecules, the empty space of the vacuum has these properties.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ According to Quantum Field Theory the universe can be thought of not as isolated particles but continuous fluctuating fields: matter fields, whose quanta are fermions (i.e.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ leptons and quarks), and force fields, whose quanta are bosons (e.g.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ photons and gluons).", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ Aircraft in fiction covers the various real-world aircraft that have made significant appearances in fiction over the decades, including in books, films, toys, TV programs, video games, and other media.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ These appearances spotlight the popularity of different models of aircraft, and showcase the different types for the general public.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ The first aviation film was the 1911 William J. Humphrey–directed two-reeler, \"The Military Air-Scout\", shot following an Aero Club of America flying meet at Long Island, New York, with Lt. Henry Arnold doing the stunt flying.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ \"Arnold, who picked up 'a few extra bucks' for his services, became so excited about movies that he almost quit the Army to become an actor.\"", "History of Wycombe Wanderers F.C. __knowledge__ The history of Wycombe Wanderers F.C.", "History of Wycombe Wanderers F.C. __knowledge__ covers the full history of the club from its formation to the last completed season.", "History of Wycombe Wanderers F.C. __knowledge__ The exact details of the formation of Wycombe Wanderers F.C.", "History of Wycombe Wanderers F.C. __knowledge__ has largely been lost to history.", "History of Wycombe Wanderers F.C. __knowledge__ Four histories have been published, Ted Rolph's in 1957, Steve Daglish's in 1984, John Goldsworthy's in 1990 and Steve Peart and Dave Finch's in 1996.", "History of Wycombe Wanderers F.C. __knowledge__ These are the only sources, in addition to the local newspaper the \"Bucks Free Press\" which detail the formation of the club.", "History of Wycombe Wanderers F.C. __knowledge__ Ted Rolph's notes of a conversation with John Randell, Wycombe Wanderers first ever goalkeeper, only published in 1996, provide perhaps the best information available.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ Star Wars (later retitled Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope) is a 1977 American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ It is the first film in the original \"Star Wars\" trilogy and the beginning of the \"Star Wars\" franchise.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ Starring Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Peter Cushing, Alec Guinness, David Prowse, James Earl Jones, Anthony Daniels, Kenny Baker, and Peter Mayhew, the film's plot focuses on the Rebel Alliance, led by Princess Leia (Fisher), and its attempt to destroy the Galactic Empire's space station, the Death Star.", "Star Wars (film) __knowledge__ This conflict disrupts the isolated life of farmhand Luke Skywalker (Hamill), who inadvertently acquires two droids that possess stolen architectural plans for the Death Star.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ A background actor or extra is a performer in a film, television show, stage, musical, opera or ballet production, who appears in a nonspeaking or nonsinging (silent) capacity, usually in the background (for example, in an audience or busy street scene).", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ War films and epic films often employ background actors in large numbers: some films have featured hundreds or even thousands of paid background actors as cast members (hence the term \"cast of thousands\").", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Likewise, grand opera can involve many background actors appearing in spectacular productions.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ On a film or TV set, background actors are usually referred to as \"background talent\", \"background performers\", \"background artists\", \"background cast members\" or simply \"background\", while the term \"extra\" is rarely used.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In a stage production, background actors are commonly referred to as \"supernumeraries\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ In opera and ballet, they are called either \"extras\" or \"supers\".", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ Casting criteria for background actors depend on the production.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ It has been said that background cast members often require little or no acting experience.", "Extra (acting) __knowledge__ This is not entirely true, as any type of unrealistic portrayal must include some form of imagination and acting.", "Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ Tampa () is a major city in, and the county seat of, Hillsborough County, Florida, United States.", "Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ It is on the west coast of Florida on Tampa Bay, near the Gulf of Mexico, and is the largest city in the Tampa Bay Area.", "Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ The city had a population of 335,709 at the 2010 census, and an estimated population of 377,165 in 2016.", "Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence indicates the shores of Tampa Bay were inhabited by indigenous peoples for thousands of years.", "Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ The Safety Harbor culture developed in the area around the year 1000 AD, and the descendant Tocobaga and Pohoy chiefdoms were living in or near the current city limits of Tampa when the area was first visited by Spanish explorers in the 16th century.", "History of Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ Tampa is a U.S. city in Hillsborough County on the western coast of the U.S. state of Florida.", "History of Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ Human habitation in the Tampa Bay area can be traced back thousands of years.", "History of Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ The Manasota culture is the earliest documented group, spanning from about 500 B.C.", "History of Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ until about 700 A.D., by which time it had evolved into the Safety Harbor culture.", "History of Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ The Tocobaga and the Pohoy were of this culture, and these were the dominant tribes living along the northern shore of Tampa Bay when Spanish explorers arrived in the early 1500s.", "History of Tampa, Florida __knowledge__ Though Spain claimed all of Florida as its possession, it could not successfully establish a settlement on the west coast and did not attempt to do so after the mid-1500s.", "St. Petersburg, Florida __knowledge__ St. Petersburg is a city in Pinellas County, Florida, United States.", "St. Petersburg, Florida __knowledge__ As of the 2015 census estimate, the population was 257,083, making it the fifth-most populous city in Florida and the largest in the state that is not a county seat (the city of Clearwater is the seat of Pinellas County).", "St. Petersburg, Florida __knowledge__ St. Petersburg is the second-largest city in the Tampa Bay Area, after Tampa.", "St. Petersburg, Florida __knowledge__ Together with Clearwater, these cities comprise the Tampa–St.", "St. Petersburg, Florida __knowledge__ Petersburg–Clearwater Metropolitan Statistical Area, the second-largest in Florida with a population of around 2.8 million.", "St. Petersburg, Florida __knowledge__ St. Petersburg is located on a peninsula between Tampa Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, and is connected to mainland Florida to the north.", "Tampa Bay Buccaneers __knowledge__ The Tampa Bay Buccaneers (usually shortened as the Bucs) are a professional American football franchise based in Tampa, Florida.", "Tampa Bay Buccaneers __knowledge__ The Buccaneers currently compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member team of the National Football Conference (NFC) South division.", "Tampa Bay Buccaneers __knowledge__ Along with the Seattle Seahawks, the team joined the NFL in as an expansion team.", "Tampa Bay Buccaneers __knowledge__ The Bucs played their first season in the American Football Conference (AFC) West division as part of the 1976 expansion plan, whereby each new franchise would play every other franchise over the first two years.", "Tampa Bay Buccaneers __knowledge__ After the season, the club switched conferences with the Seahawks and became a member of the NFC Central division.", "History of Ybor City __knowledge__ Ybor City ( ) is a historic neighborhood that includes the Ybor City Historic District in Tampa, Florida.", "History of Ybor City __knowledge__ It is located just northeast of downtown Tampa and north of Port Tampa Bay.", "History of Ybor City __knowledge__ The neighborhood has distinct architectural, culinary, cultural, and historical legacy that reflects its multi-ethnic composition.", "History of Ybor City __knowledge__ It was unique in the American South as a prosperous manufacturing community built and populated almost entirely by immigrants.", "History of Ybor City __knowledge__ Ybor City was founded as an independent town in 1885 by a group of cigar manufacturers led by Vicente Martinez-Ybor and was annexed by Tampa in 1887.", "History of Ybor City __knowledge__ The original population was mostly composed of Cuban and Spanish immigrants who worked in the cigar factories.", "University of South Florida __knowledge__ The University of South Florida, also known as USF, is an American metropolitan public research university in Tampa, Florida, United States.", "University of South Florida __knowledge__ USF is also a member institution of the State University System of Florida.", "University of South Florida __knowledge__ Founded in 1956, USF is the fourth-largest public university in the state of Florida, with an enrollment of 48,373 as of the 2014–2015 academic year.", "University of South Florida __knowledge__ The USF system has three institutions: USF Tampa, USF St. Petersburg and USF Sarasota-Manatee.", "University of South Florida __knowledge__ Each institution is separately accredited by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.", "University of South Florida __knowledge__ The university is home to 14 colleges, offering more than 80 undergraduate majors and more than 130 graduate, specialist, and doctoral-level degree programs.", "Tampa International Airport __knowledge__ Tampa International Airport is an international airport six miles () west of Downtown Tampa, in Hillsborough County, Florida, United States.", "Tampa International Airport __knowledge__ This airport is publicly owned by Hillsborough County Aviation Authority (HCAA).", "Tampa International Airport __knowledge__ It has been praised for its architecture and \"Landside/Airside\" design of a central terminal (\"landside\") connected by people movers to satellite air terminals and gates (\"airsides\"), a pioneering concept when designed in the late 1960s.", "Tampa International Airport __knowledge__ The airport was called Drew Field Municipal Airport until 1952.", "Tampa International Airport __knowledge__ The airport is served by over twenty major air carrier airlines, four regional airlines, and three air cargo carriers.", "Michael Curtiz __knowledge__ Michael Curtiz ( ; born Manó Kaminer, December 24, 1886 April 10, 1962) was a Hungarian-born American film director, recognized as one of the most prolific directors in history.", "Michael Curtiz __knowledge__ He directed classic films from the silent era and numerous others during Hollywood's Golden Age, when the studio system was prevalent.", "Michael Curtiz __knowledge__ Curtiz was already a well-known director in Europe when Warner Bros. invited him to Hollywood in 1926, when he was 39 years of age.", "Michael Curtiz __knowledge__ He had already directed 64 films in Europe, and soon helped Warner Bros. become the fastest-growing movie studio.", "Michael Curtiz __knowledge__ He directed 102 films during his Hollywood career, mostly at Warners, where he directed ten actors to Oscar nominations.", "Battle of Jutland __knowledge__ The Battle of Jutland (, the Battle of Skagerrak) was a naval battle fought by the British Royal Navy's Grand Fleet under Admiral Sir John Jellicoe, against the Imperial German Navy's High Seas Fleet under Vice-Admiral Reinhard Scheer during the First World War.", "Battle of Jutland __knowledge__ The battle unfolded in extensive manoeuvring and three main engagements (the battlecruiser action, the fleet action and the night action), from 31 May to 1 June 1916, off the North Sea coast of Denmark's Jutland Peninsula.", "Battle of Jutland __knowledge__ It was the largest naval battle and the only full-scale clash of battleships in that war.", "Battle of Jutland __knowledge__ Jutland was the third fleet action between steel battleships, following the smaller but more decisive battles of the Yellow Sea (1904) and Tsushima (1905) during the Russo-Japanese War.", "Conan the Barbarian (1982 film) __knowledge__ Conan the Barbarian is a 1982 American fantasy adventure film directed and co-written by John Milius.", "Conan the Barbarian (1982 film) __knowledge__ It is based on stories by Robert E. Howard, a pulp-fiction writer of the 1930s, about the adventures of the eponymous character in a fictional prehistoric world of dark magic and savagery.", "Conan the Barbarian (1982 film) __knowledge__ The film stars Arnold Schwarzenegger and James Earl Jones, and tells the story of a young barbarian (Schwarzenegger), who seeks vengeance for the death of his parents at the hands of Thulsa Doom (Jones), the leader of a snake cult.", "Conan the Barbarian (1982 film) __knowledge__ Buzz Feitshans and Raffaella De Laurentiis produced the film for her father Dino De Laurentiis, with Edward R. Pressman as an executive producer.", "Symbiopsychotaxiplasm __knowledge__ Symbiopsychotaxiplasm: Take One is a 1968 experimental documentary film written, directed, and conceived by African-American film director and documentarian William Greaves.", "Symbiopsychotaxiplasm __knowledge__ The film, which is shot and presented in the style of a cinéma vérité documentary, attempts to capture and examine pure reality unhindered by the presence of the cameras all around.", "Symbiopsychotaxiplasm __knowledge__ It is perhaps most memorable for the layers of metatextual storytelling inherent in the concept of the story: that of a documentary inside a documentary inside a documentary.", "Symbiopsychotaxiplasm __knowledge__ In 2015, the United States Library of Congress selected the film for preservation in the National Film Registry, finding it \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Gilmore Girls __knowledge__ Gilmore Girls is an American comedy-drama television series, created by Amy Sherman-Palladino and starring Lauren Graham and Alexis Bledel.", "Gilmore Girls __knowledge__ The show debuted on October 5, 2000 on The WB and became a flagship series for the network.", "Gilmore Girls __knowledge__ \"Gilmore Girls\" originally ran for seven seasons, with the final season moving to The CW, and ended its run on May 15, 2007.", "Gilmore Girls __knowledge__ The show's main focus is on the relationship between single mother Lorelai Gilmore and her daughter Rory, who live in Stars Hollow, Connecticut, a small fictional town filled with colorful characters.", "Gilmore Girls __knowledge__ The series explores issues of family, romance, education, friendship, disappointment, and ambition, along with generational divides and social class, the latter themes manifesting through Lorelai's difficult relationship with her high society parents, Emily and Richard, and Rory's experiences at elite schools." ] ]

[ 0, 1, 7, 0 ]

[ "Have you ever been an extra (background actor) in a film or show?", "Well, it seems like they are looking for all types of people to appear in a nonspeaking capacity in the background of scenes in movies. Easy way to make a few extra bucks...", " I know what you mean. However, my city tends to have a lot of film crews coming in and they advertise for background actors and require little to no acting experience.", "I from Tampa too. How funny. There have been a lot of films made in Ybor City and around the beach areas. There's one now in Lakeland I believe. " ]

[ "Extra (acting)", "Extra (acting)", "Extra (acting)", "Extra (acting)" ]

[ "Steak", "I love steak it is so good", "That sounds great", "Beef of course" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Steak __knowledge__ A steak () is a meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, potentially including a bone.", "Steak __knowledge__ Exceptions, in which the meat is sliced parallel to the fibers, include the skirt steak that is cut from the plate, the flank steak that is cut from the abdominal muscles, and the famous Silverfinger steak that is cut from the loin and includes three rib bones.", "Steak __knowledge__ When the word \"steak\" is used without qualification, it generally refers to a beefsteak.", "Steak __knowledge__ In a larger sense, there are also fish steaks, ground meat steaks, pork steak and many more varieties of steaks.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are usually grilled, but they can be pan-fried, or broiled.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steak is often grilled in an attempt to replicate the flavor of steak cooked over the glowing coals of an open fire.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steak can also be cooked in sauce, such as in steak and kidney pie, or minced and formed into patties, such as hamburgers.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are also cut from grazing animals, usually farmed, other than cattle, including bison, camel, goat, horse, kangaroo, sheep, ostrich, pigs, reindeer, turkey, deer and zebu as well as various types of fish, especially salmon and large pelagic fish such as swordfish, shark and marlin.", "Steak __knowledge__ For some meats, such as pork, lamb and mutton, chevon and veal, these cuts are often referred to as chops." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Steak __knowledge__ A steak () is a meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, potentially including a bone.", "Steak __knowledge__ Exceptions, in which the meat is sliced parallel to the fibers, include the skirt steak that is cut from the plate, the flank steak that is cut from the abdominal muscles, and the famous Silverfinger steak that is cut from the loin and includes three rib bones.", "Steak __knowledge__ When the word \"steak\" is used without qualification, it generally refers to a beefsteak.", "Steak __knowledge__ In a larger sense, there are also fish steaks, ground meat steaks, pork steak and many more varieties of steaks.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are usually grilled, but they can be pan-fried, or broiled.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steak is often grilled in an attempt to replicate the flavor of steak cooked over the glowing coals of an open fire.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steak can also be cooked in sauce, such as in steak and kidney pie, or minced and formed into patties, such as hamburgers.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are also cut from grazing animals, usually farmed, other than cattle, including bison, camel, goat, horse, kangaroo, sheep, ostrich, pigs, reindeer, turkey, deer and zebu as well as various types of fish, especially salmon and large pelagic fish such as swordfish, shark and marlin.", "Steak __knowledge__ For some meats, such as pork, lamb and mutton, chevon and veal, these cuts are often referred to as chops.", "Ascension night heron __knowledge__ The Ascension night heron (\"Nycticorax olsoni\") is an extinct night heron species from the genus \"Nycticorax\" endemic to the South Atlantic island of Ascension.", "Ascension night heron __knowledge__ It is predominantly known from the bone fragments of six specimens found in guano deposits and caves on Ascension Island and described by Philip Ashmole, Kenneth Edwin Laurence Ryder Simmons, and William Richmond Postle Bourne in 2003.", "Ascension night heron __knowledge__ The Ascension night heron disappeared in the 16th century.", "Ascension night heron __knowledge__ Its scientific name commedorates Storrs L. Olson.", "Ascension night heron __knowledge__ A possible report on the Ascension night heron is found in the chapter \"\"D'une isle nommte I'Ascention\"\" in the travel report \"Les singularitez de la France antarctique \" by André Thévet.", "Work measurement __knowledge__ Work measurement is the application of techniques designed to establish the time for an average worker to carry out a specified manufacturing task at a defined level of performance.", "Work measurement __knowledge__ It is concerned with the duration of time it takes to complete a work task assigned to a specific job Work measurement helps to uncover non-standardization that exist in the workplace and non-value adding activities and waste.", "Work measurement __knowledge__ A work has to be measured for the following reasons: +Analytical estimating Work Measurement is a technique for establishing a Standard Time, which is the required time to perform a given task, based on time measurements of the work content of the prescribed method, with due consideration for fatigue and for personal and unavoidable delays.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ A steak burger is a type of sandwich prepared using steak as a primary ingredient.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ In the United States, the first steak burger offered to consumers appears to have been invented in 1934.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ Beefsteak is typically used, although other meats can also be made into steak burgers.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ They may be prepared with various accompaniments and toppings, and several restaurant versions have existed in the past and continue to be prepared in contemporary times.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ Use of the term \"steakburger\" dates to the 1920s in the United States.", "Steak burger __knowledge__ In the U.S. in 1934, A.H. \"Gus\" Belt, the founder of Steak 'n Shake, devised a steak burger and offered it to customers at the company's first location in Normal, Illinois.", "Steak 'n Shake __knowledge__ Steak 'n Shake is an American casual restaurant chain located primarily in the Midwestern and Southern United States with locations also in the Mid-Atlantic and Western United States, Europe, and the Middle East.", "Steak 'n Shake __knowledge__ Steak 'n Shake Operations, Inc. is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana.", "Steak 'n Shake __knowledge__ There are 544 locations, of which 417 are company-operated and 127 are franchised.", "Steak 'n Shake __knowledge__ Typical restaurant locations have sit-down, drive-thru and front-window service, resulting in a hybrid of fast-food to-go service and diner-style sit-down service.", "Steak 'n Shake __knowledge__ Many Steak 'n Shake restaurants are open 24 hours a day, seven days per week.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ Chicken fried steak (similar to country fried steak) is an American breaded cutlet dish consisting of a piece of beefsteak (tenderized cube steak) coated with seasoned flour and pan-fried.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ It is sometimes associated with the Southern cuisine of the United States.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ Despite the name, the dish contains no chicken, but is so-named because the cooking method is similar to that of fried chicken.", "Chicken fried steak __knowledge__ Chicken fried steak resembles the Austrian dish \"Wiener Schnitzel\" and the Italian-South American dish \"Milanesa\", which is a tenderized veal or pork cutlet, coated with flour, eggs, and bread crumbs, and then fried.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky (; often simply called Scotch) is malt whisky or grain whisky made in Scotland.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky must be made in a manner specified by law.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ All Scotch whisky was originally made from malted barley.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Commercial distilleries began introducing whisky made from wheat and rye in the late 18th century.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky is divided into five distinct categories: single malt Scotch whisky, single grain Scotch whisky, blended malt Scotch whisky (formerly called \"vatted malt\" or \"pure malt\"), blended grain Scotch whisky, and blended Scotch whisky.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ All Scotch whisky must be aged in oak barrels for at least three years.", "Single malt Scotch __knowledge__ Single malt Scotch is single malt whisky made in Scotland.", "Single malt Scotch __knowledge__ To be a single malt scotch the whisky must have been distilled at a single distillery using a pot still distillation process and made from a mash of malted grain.", "Single malt Scotch __knowledge__ In Scotland, the only grain allowed to be used in a single malt whisky is barley.", "Single malt Scotch __knowledge__ As with any Scotch whisky, a single malt Scotch must be distilled in Scotland and matured in oak casks in Scotland for at least three years and one day.", "Single malt Scotch __knowledge__ (Most single malts are matured longer.)", "Single malt Scotch __knowledge__ Until the Scotch Whisky Regulations 2009 (SWR 2009), the word \"blended\" only appeared (in the context of Scotch whisky) on bottles of whisky that contained a mixture of both barley and non-barley grain whisky, but this is no longer the case.", "Single malt whisky __knowledge__ Single malt whisky is malt whisky from a single distillery, that is, whisky distilled from fermented mash made exclusively with malted barley, as distinguished from unmalted grain.", "Single malt whisky __knowledge__ Single malts are typically associated with single malt Scotch, though they are also produced in various other countries.", "Single malt whisky __knowledge__ Under Scotch Whisky Regulations, a \"Single Malt Scotch Whisky\" must be made exclusively from malted barley (although the addition of E150A caramel colouring is allowed), must be distilled using pot stills at a single distillery, and must be aged for at least three years in oak casks of a capacity not exceeding .", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky or whiskey is a type of distilled alcoholic beverage made from fermented grain mash.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Various grains (which may be malted) are used for different varieties, including barley, corn (maize), rye, and wheat.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is typically aged in wooden casks, generally made of charred white oak.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is a strictly regulated spirit worldwide with many classes and types.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The typical unifying characteristics of the different classes and types are the fermentation of grains, distillation, and aging in wooden barrels.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The word \"whiskey\" (or \"whisky\") is an anglicisation of the Classical Gaelic word \"uisce\" (or \"uisge\") meaning \"water\" (now written as \"uisce\" in Irish Gaelic, and \"uisge\" in Scottish Gaelic).", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ Amrut is a brand of Indian single malt whisky, manufactured by Amrut Distilleries, and launched on 24 August 2004 in Glasgow, Scotland.", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ It is the first single malt whisky to be made in India.", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ \"Amrut\" (अमृत) or \"amrita\" is a Sanskrit word which can be translated as \"nectar of the gods\", \"nectar of life\", or \"drink of the gods\".", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ The company translates it as \"Elixir of Life\".", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ The brand became famous after whisky connoisseur Jim Murray gave it a rating of 82 out of 100 in 2005 and 2010.", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ In 2010 Murray named Amrut Fusion single malt whisky as the third best in the world.", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ John Hansell, editor of American magazine \"Whisky Advocate\", wrote that \"India's Amrut distillery changed the way many think of Indian whisky – that it was, in the past, just cheap Scotch whisky blended with who knows what and sold as Indian whisky.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ A blended whiskey (or blended whisky) is the product of blending different types of whiskeys and sometimes also neutral grain spirits, coloring, and flavorings.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ It is generally the product of mixing one or more higher-quality straight or single malt whiskies with less expensive spirits and other ingredients.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ This allows for a lower priced product, though expensive \"premium\" varieties also exist.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ Some examples of blended whiskey include Canadian Mist, Jameson Irish Whiskey, Seagram's Seven American whiskey, the premium Japanese brand Hibiki and the various Scotch whisky blends sold under the Johnnie Walker brand." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Steak __knowledge__ A steak () is a meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, potentially including a bone.", "Steak __knowledge__ Exceptions, in which the meat is sliced parallel to the fibers, include the skirt steak that is cut from the plate, the flank steak that is cut from the abdominal muscles, and the famous Silverfinger steak that is cut from the loin and includes three rib bones.", "Steak __knowledge__ When the word \"steak\" is used without qualification, it generally refers to a beefsteak.", "Steak __knowledge__ In a larger sense, there are also fish steaks, ground meat steaks, pork steak and many more varieties of steaks.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are usually grilled, but they can be pan-fried, or broiled.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steak is often grilled in an attempt to replicate the flavor of steak cooked over the glowing coals of an open fire.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steak can also be cooked in sauce, such as in steak and kidney pie, or minced and formed into patties, such as hamburgers.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are also cut from grazing animals, usually farmed, other than cattle, including bison, camel, goat, horse, kangaroo, sheep, ostrich, pigs, reindeer, turkey, deer and zebu as well as various types of fish, especially salmon and large pelagic fish such as swordfish, shark and marlin.", "Steak __knowledge__ For some meats, such as pork, lamb and mutton, chevon and veal, these cuts are often referred to as chops.", "Great Sounds Great, Good Sounds Good, So-so Sounds So-so, Bad Sounds Bad, Rotten Sounds Rotten __knowledge__ Great Sounds Great, Good Sounds Good, So-so Sounds So-so, Bad Sounds Bad, Rotten Sounds Rotten (usually simply known as Great Sounds Great) is the second EP released by The Clean, a lo-fi rock band from Dunedin, New Zealand.", "Great Sounds Great, Good Sounds Good, So-so Sounds So-so, Bad Sounds Bad, Rotten Sounds Rotten __knowledge__ It was released by Flying Nun Records on 12\" vinyl in 1982.", "Great Sounds Great, Good Sounds Good, So-so Sounds So-so, Bad Sounds Bad, Rotten Sounds Rotten __knowledge__ The EP is included in its entirety, and in the same running order, as part of The Clean's 2003 CD release Anthology.", "Sa druge strane jastuka __knowledge__ Sa druge strane jastuka (trans.", "Sa druge strane jastuka __knowledge__ \"On the Other Side of the Pillow\") is the second studio album from Serbian and former Yugoslav rock band Bajaga i Instruktori, released in 1985.", "Sa druge strane jastuka __knowledge__ Although it is the first album released under the name Bajaga i Instruktori (the previous one, \"Pozitivna geografija\", was originally released as Momčilo Bajagić \"Bajaga\"'s solo album), \"Sa druge strane jastuka\" is considered Bajaga i Instruktori second studio album by the band themselves.", "Sa druge strane jastuka __knowledge__ The album was polled in 1998 as the 13th on the list of 100 greatest Yugoslav rock and pop albums in the book \"\" (\"YU 100: The Best albums of Yugoslav pop and rock music\").", "Howard Wyeth __knowledge__ Howard Pyle Wyeth (April 22, 1944 – March 27, 1996), also known as Howie Wyeth, was an American drummer and pianist.", "Howard Wyeth __knowledge__ Wyeth is remembered for work with the saxophonist James Moody, the rockabilly singer Robert Gordon, the electric guitarist Link Wray, the rhythm and blues singer Don Covay, and the folk singer Christine Lavin.", "Howard Wyeth __knowledge__ Best known as a drummer for Bob Dylan, he was a member of the Wyeth family of American artists.", "Howard Wyeth __knowledge__ Wyeth was born in Jersey City, New Jersey.", "Howard Wyeth __knowledge__ His mother Caroline Pyle, Howard Pyle’s niece, was interested in the Wyeth family, flirted with some of them, and married Nathaniel C. Wyeth.", "Frequency Unknown __knowledge__ Frequency Unknown is the thirteenth studio album released under the name Queensrÿche; it was released by Geoff Tate's temporary version of the band, before a settlement determined that only the other band members were entitled to use the name Queensrÿche.", "Frequency Unknown __knowledge__ The album was released on Cleopatra Records' sub label, Deadline Music, on April 23, 2013 as music download, on CD and limited edition vinyl LP in the United States and on May 21, 2013 as audio cassette which excludes the re-recorded classics, and on June 3, 2013 on CD in the United Kingdom.", "Frequency Unknown __knowledge__ It was co-written, and originally produced and mixed by Jason Slater, who has previously also produced Queensrÿche's albums \"\" (2006), \"American Soldier\" (2009) and \"Dedicated to Chaos\" (2011).", "Anthology (The Clean album) __knowledge__ Anthology is a collection of early material by the New Zealand band The Clean, most of which had previously been out of print and hard to find.", "Anthology (The Clean album) __knowledge__ It was released by Flying Nun Records in 2002.", "Anthology (The Clean album) __knowledge__ The band's early releases, which had been only available on vinyl in the early 1980s, are included in their entirety.", "Anthology (The Clean album) __knowledge__ \"Anthology\" opens with the two tracks from The Clean's debut single, Tally Ho!, all five tracks of the Boodle Boodle Boodle EP, and all seven from Great Sounds Great, Good Sounds Good, So-so Sounds So-so, Bad Sounds Bad, Rotten Sounds Rotten.", "Anthology (The Clean album) __knowledge__ \"At the Bottom\" and \"Getting Older\" were released as a 45\" single in 1983.", "Compilation (The Clean album) __knowledge__ Compilation is a compilation cassette by New Zealand group The Clean.", "Compilation (The Clean album) __knowledge__ It was released first time in 1986 by Flying Nun Records.", "Compilation (The Clean album) __knowledge__ The album consists of early recordings, as well as songs from their 2 EPs, \"Boodle Boodle Boodle\" and \"Great Sounds Great, Good Sounds Good, So-so Sounds So-so, Bad Sounds Bad, Rotten Sounds Rotten\".", "Compilation (The Clean album) __knowledge__ The CD version also contains 6 additional live tracks.", "Compilation (The Clean album) __knowledge__ Bonus tracks on 1988 version", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky (; often simply called Scotch) is malt whisky or grain whisky made in Scotland.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky must be made in a manner specified by law.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ All Scotch whisky was originally made from malted barley.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Commercial distilleries began introducing whisky made from wheat and rye in the late 18th century.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ Scotch whisky is divided into five distinct categories: single malt Scotch whisky, single grain Scotch whisky, blended malt Scotch whisky (formerly called \"vatted malt\" or \"pure malt\"), blended grain Scotch whisky, and blended Scotch whisky.", "Scotch whisky __knowledge__ All Scotch whisky must be aged in oak barrels for at least three years.", "Single malt Scotch __knowledge__ Single malt Scotch is single malt whisky made in Scotland.", "Single malt Scotch __knowledge__ To be a single malt scotch the whisky must have been distilled at a single distillery using a pot still distillation process and made from a mash of malted grain.", "Single malt Scotch __knowledge__ In Scotland, the only grain allowed to be used in a single malt whisky is barley.", "Single malt Scotch __knowledge__ As with any Scotch whisky, a single malt Scotch must be distilled in Scotland and matured in oak casks in Scotland for at least three years and one day.", "Single malt Scotch __knowledge__ (Most single malts are matured longer.)", "Single malt Scotch __knowledge__ Until the Scotch Whisky Regulations 2009 (SWR 2009), the word \"blended\" only appeared (in the context of Scotch whisky) on bottles of whisky that contained a mixture of both barley and non-barley grain whisky, but this is no longer the case.", "Single malt whisky __knowledge__ Single malt whisky is malt whisky from a single distillery, that is, whisky distilled from fermented mash made exclusively with malted barley, as distinguished from unmalted grain.", "Single malt whisky __knowledge__ Single malts are typically associated with single malt Scotch, though they are also produced in various other countries.", "Single malt whisky __knowledge__ Under Scotch Whisky Regulations, a \"Single Malt Scotch Whisky\" must be made exclusively from malted barley (although the addition of E150A caramel colouring is allowed), must be distilled using pot stills at a single distillery, and must be aged for at least three years in oak casks of a capacity not exceeding .", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky or whiskey is a type of distilled alcoholic beverage made from fermented grain mash.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Various grains (which may be malted) are used for different varieties, including barley, corn (maize), rye, and wheat.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is typically aged in wooden casks, generally made of charred white oak.", "Whisky __knowledge__ Whisky is a strictly regulated spirit worldwide with many classes and types.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The typical unifying characteristics of the different classes and types are the fermentation of grains, distillation, and aging in wooden barrels.", "Whisky __knowledge__ The word \"whiskey\" (or \"whisky\") is an anglicisation of the Classical Gaelic word \"uisce\" (or \"uisge\") meaning \"water\" (now written as \"uisce\" in Irish Gaelic, and \"uisge\" in Scottish Gaelic).", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ Amrut is a brand of Indian single malt whisky, manufactured by Amrut Distilleries, and launched on 24 August 2004 in Glasgow, Scotland.", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ It is the first single malt whisky to be made in India.", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ \"Amrut\" (अमृत) or \"amrita\" is a Sanskrit word which can be translated as \"nectar of the gods\", \"nectar of life\", or \"drink of the gods\".", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ The company translates it as \"Elixir of Life\".", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ The brand became famous after whisky connoisseur Jim Murray gave it a rating of 82 out of 100 in 2005 and 2010.", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ In 2010 Murray named Amrut Fusion single malt whisky as the third best in the world.", "Amrut (whisky) __knowledge__ John Hansell, editor of American magazine \"Whisky Advocate\", wrote that \"India's Amrut distillery changed the way many think of Indian whisky – that it was, in the past, just cheap Scotch whisky blended with who knows what and sold as Indian whisky.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ A blended whiskey (or blended whisky) is the product of blending different types of whiskeys and sometimes also neutral grain spirits, coloring, and flavorings.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ It is generally the product of mixing one or more higher-quality straight or single malt whiskies with less expensive spirits and other ingredients.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ This allows for a lower priced product, though expensive \"premium\" varieties also exist.", "Blended whiskey __knowledge__ Some examples of blended whiskey include Canadian Mist, Jameson Irish Whiskey, Seagram's Seven American whiskey, the premium Japanese brand Hibiki and the various Scotch whisky blends sold under the Johnnie Walker brand.", "Campari America __knowledge__ Campari America, is an American spirits maker, it was launched in 1992 and founded by Maurice Kanbar in San Francisco which is also the headquarters for the company.", "Campari America __knowledge__ SKYY vodka was introduced as its first product.", "Campari America __knowledge__ Its majority shareholder is the Campari Group.", "Campari America __knowledge__ Skyy Spirits manages Campari’s portfolio in the US of such leading brands as SKYY Vodka, SKYY90, SKYY Infusions, Campari, Cabo Wabo Tequila, Ouzo 12, X-Rated Fusion and Jean-Marc XO Vodka.", "Campari America __knowledge__ Skyy Spirits is also the exclusive US distributor of Cutty Sark Scotch Whisky, The Glenrothes Single Malt Scotch Whisky, Bowmore Islay Single Malt Scotch Whisky, Auchentoshan Lowland Single Malt Scotch Whisky, Glen Garioch Highland Single Malt Scotch Whisky, Flor de Caña Rum, Carolans Irish Cream, Tullamore Dew Irish Whiskey, Irish Mist Liqueur, Midori Melon Liqueur, ZEN Green Tea Liqueur and The Yamazaki Single Malt Whisky." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Steak __knowledge__ A steak () is a meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, potentially including a bone.", "Steak __knowledge__ Exceptions, in which the meat is sliced parallel to the fibers, include the skirt steak that is cut from the plate, the flank steak that is cut from the abdominal muscles, and the famous Silverfinger steak that is cut from the loin and includes three rib bones.", "Steak __knowledge__ When the word \"steak\" is used without qualification, it generally refers to a beefsteak.", "Steak __knowledge__ In a larger sense, there are also fish steaks, ground meat steaks, pork steak and many more varieties of steaks.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are usually grilled, but they can be pan-fried, or broiled.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steak is often grilled in an attempt to replicate the flavor of steak cooked over the glowing coals of an open fire.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steak can also be cooked in sauce, such as in steak and kidney pie, or minced and formed into patties, such as hamburgers.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are also cut from grazing animals, usually farmed, other than cattle, including bison, camel, goat, horse, kangaroo, sheep, ostrich, pigs, reindeer, turkey, deer and zebu as well as various types of fish, especially salmon and large pelagic fish such as swordfish, shark and marlin.", "Steak __knowledge__ For some meats, such as pork, lamb and mutton, chevon and veal, these cuts are often referred to as chops.", "Pink slime __knowledge__ \"Pink slime\" (a derogatory term for lean finely textured beef or LFTB, finely textured beef, and boneless lean beef trimmings or BLBT) is a meat by-product used as a food additive to ground beef and beef-based processed meats, as a filler, or to reduce the overall fat content of ground beef.", "Pink slime __knowledge__ In the production process, heat and centrifuges remove fat from the meat in beef trimmings.", "Pink slime __knowledge__ The resulting paste is exposed to ammonia gas or citric acid to kill bacteria.", "Pink slime __knowledge__ In 2001, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) approved the product for limited human consumption.", "Pink slime __knowledge__ LFTB prepared using ammonia gas is banned for human consumption in Canada and the European Union.", "Beef __knowledge__ Beef is the culinary name for meat from cattle, particularly skeletal muscle.", "Beef __knowledge__ Humans have been eating beef since prehistoric times.", "Beef __knowledge__ Beef is a source of high-quality protein and essential nutrients.", "Beef __knowledge__ Beef skeletal muscle meat can be cut into roasts, short ribs or steak (filet mignon, sirloin steak, rump steak, rib steak, rib eye steak, hanger steak, etc.).", "Beef __knowledge__ Some cuts are processed (corned beef or beef jerky), and trimmings, usually mixed with meat from older, leaner cattle, are ground, minced or used in sausages.", "Beef __knowledge__ The blood is used in some varieties of blood sausage.", "Beef __knowledge__ Other parts that are eaten include other muscles and offal, such as the oxtail, liver, tongue, tripe from the reticulum or rumen, glands (particularly the pancreas and thymus, referred to as sweetbread), the heart, the brain (although forbidden where there is a danger of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, BSE), the kidneys, and the tender testicles of the bull (known in the United States as \"calf fries\", \"prairie oysters\", or \"Rocky Mountain oysters\").", "Cattle slaughter in India __knowledge__ Cattle slaughter is a controversial topic in India because of the cattle's traditional status as an endeared and respected living being to many in Hinduism, Sikhism, Jainism and Buddhism, in contrast to cattle being considered as an acceptable source of meat by many in Islam, Christianity as well as some adherents of Indian religions.", "Cattle slaughter in India __knowledge__ More specifically, the cow's slaughter has been shunned because of a number of reasons such as being associated with god Krishna in Hinduism, cattle being respected as an integral part of rural livelihoods and an essential economic necessity.", "Cattle slaughter in India __knowledge__ Historically, cattle slaughter has also been opposed by various Indian religions because of the ethical principle of Ahimsa (non-violence) and the belief in the unity of all life.", "Corned beef __knowledge__ Corned beef is a salt-cured beef product.", "Corned beef __knowledge__ The term comes from the treatment of the meat with large grained rock salt, also called \"corns\" of salt.", "Corned beef __knowledge__ It features as an ingredient in many cuisines.", "Corned beef __knowledge__ Most recipes include nitrates or nitrites, which convert the natural myoglobin in beef to nitrosomyoglobin, giving a pink color.", "Corned beef __knowledge__ Nitrates and nitrites reduce the risk of dangerous botulism during curing by inhibiting the growth of \"Clostridium botulinum\" spores.", "Corned beef __knowledge__ Beef cured with salt only has a gray color and is sometimes called \"New England corned beef\".", "Corned beef __knowledge__ Often, sugar and spices are also added to recipes for corned beef.", "Field ration __knowledge__ A field ration, combat ration or ration pack is a canned or pre-packaged meal, easily prepared and eaten, transported by military troops on the battlefield.", "Field ration __knowledge__ They are distinguished from regular military rations by virtue of being designed for minimal preparation in the field, using canned, pre-cooked or freeze-dried foods, powdered beverage mixes and concentrated food bars, as well as for long shelf life.", "Field ration __knowledge__ Such meals also prove invaluable for disaster relief operations, where large stocks of these can be ferried and distributed easily, and provide basic nutritional support to victims before kitchens can be set up to produce fresh food.", "Cattle feeding __knowledge__ Different cattle feeding production systems have separate advantages and disadvantages.", "Cattle feeding __knowledge__ Most cattle in the US have a diet that is composed of at least some forage (grass, legumes, or silage).", "Cattle feeding __knowledge__ In fact, most beef cattle are raised on pasture from birth in the spring until autumn (7 to 9 months).", "Cattle feeding __knowledge__ Then for pasture-fed animals, grass is the forage that composes all or at least the great majority of their diet.", "Cattle feeding __knowledge__ Cattle fattened in feedlots are fed small amounts of hay supplemented with grain, soy and other ingredients in order to increase the energy density of the diet.", "Cattle feeding __knowledge__ The debate is whether cattle should be raised on diets primarily composed of pasture (grass) or a concentrated diet of grain, soy, corn and other supplements.", "Omaha Beef __knowledge__ The Omaha Beef are an indoor football team and a charter member of the Champions Indoor Football (CIF).", "Omaha Beef __knowledge__ Based in Omaha, Nebraska, the Beef play their home games at the Ralston Arena in nearby Ralston.", "Omaha Beef __knowledge__ Omaha originally played in the Indoor Professional Football League in 2000 and 2001 as an expansion team.", "Omaha Beef __knowledge__ The Beef made the playoffs their inaugural season, and again in their second season, advancing to the 2001 IPFL Championship.", "Omaha Beef __knowledge__ With the IPFL folding, the Beef moved to the National Indoor Football League (NIFL) on October 10, 2001.", "Omaha Beef __knowledge__ The Beef then joined the newly formed United Indoor Football (UIF) in 2005 as a charter member.", "List of steak dishes __knowledge__ This is a list of steak dishes.", "List of steak dishes __knowledge__ Steak is generally a cut of beef sliced perpendicular to the muscle fibers, or of fish cut perpendicular to the spine.", "List of steak dishes __knowledge__ Meat steaks are usually grilled, pan-fried, or broiled, while fish steaks may also be baked.", "List of steak dishes __knowledge__ Meat cooked in sauce, such as steak and kidney pie, or minced meat formed into a steak shape, such as Salisbury steak and hamburger steak may also be referred to as steak.", "List of steak dishes __knowledge__ Beefsteak is a flat cut of beef, usually cut perpendicular to the muscle fibers.", "List of steak dishes __knowledge__ Beefsteaks are usually grilled, pan-fried, or broiled.", "List of steak dishes __knowledge__ The more tender cuts from the loin and rib are cooked quickly, using dry heat, and served whole.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Fish steak __knowledge__ A fish steak, alternatively known as a fish cutlet, is a cut of fish which is cut perpendicular to the spine and can either include the bones or be boneless.", "Fish steak __knowledge__ Fish steaks can be contrasted with fish fillets, which are cut parallel to either side of the spine and do not include the larger bones.", "Fish steak __knowledge__ In contrast to other vertebrate animals, over 85% of the fish body is made up of consumable muscle.", "Fish steak __knowledge__ Fish steaks can be made with the skin on or off, and are generally made from fish larger than .", "Fish steak __knowledge__ Fish steaks from particularly large fish can be sectioned so they are boneless.", "Fish steak __knowledge__ It takes less time to make a fish steak than a fillet, because steaks are often bone in and skin on.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ Horse meat is the culinary name for meat cut from a horse.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ It is a major meat in only a few countries, notably in Central Asia, but it forms a significant part of the culinary traditions of many others, from Europe to South America to Asia.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ The top eight countries consume about 4.7 million horses a year.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ For the majority of humanity's early existence, wild horses were hunted as a source of protein.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ It is slightly sweet, tender and low in fat.", "Horse meat __knowledge__ Because of the role horses have played as companions and as workers, and ensuing concerns about the ethics of the horse slaughter process, it is a taboo food in some cultures, for example the Romani, whose culture contains a rich history of equine husbandry.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ Barbecue varies by the type of meat, sauce, rub, or other flavorings used, the point in barbecuing at which they are added, the role smoke plays, the equipment and fuel used, cooking temperature, and cooking time.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The meat may be ground, for hamburgers, or processed into sausage or kebabs.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The meat may be marinated or rubbed with spices before cooking, basted with a sauce or oil before, during or after cooking, or any combination of these.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The word \"braaivleis\" (; ) is Afrikaans for grilled meat.", "Regional variations of barbecue __knowledge__ The word \"braai\" (plural \"braais\") is Afrikaans for barbecue or grill and is a social custom in South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Malawi." ] ]

[ 1, 50, 4, 8 ]

[ "Steak is my favorite meal. I cook mine in single malt scotch. As long as you cut it right across the fibers when you eat it's amazing.", "It pairs well with a nice Single Malt Scotch form the Inverness region. ", "Do you prefer beef steak, pork steak or fish steak? ", "I think I prefer Beef, kangaroo, ostrich and fish. I was recently in France and they had Camel and Horse steak but I could not make my self try it." ]

[ "Steak", "Steak", "Steak", "Steak" ]

[ "Dragon\nI would love to have a Dragon to train. ", "To live back in those ties, Dragons would be ideal pet.", "I dont think I have but that sounds so interesting and fun .", "Thanks for the information. I will search it and read more." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dragon __knowledge__ A dragon is a legendary creature, typically scaled or fire-spewing and with serpentine, reptilian or avian traits, that features in the myths of many cultures around world.", "Dragon __knowledge__ The two most well-known cultural traditions of dragon are: The two traditions may have evolved separately, but have influenced each other to a certain extent, particularly with the cross-cultural contact of recent centuries.", "Dragon __knowledge__ The English word \"\" and Latin word \"\" derive from Greek (\"drákōn\"), \"dragon, serpent of huge size, water-snake\".", "Dragon __knowledge__ The word \"dragon\" entered the English language in the early 13th century from Old French \"dragon\", which in turn comes from Latin \"draconem\" (nominative \"draco\") meaning \"huge serpent, dragon\", from the Greek word δράκων, \"drakon\" (genitive \"drakontos\", δράκοντος) \"serpent, giant seafish\".", "Dragon __knowledge__ The Greek and Latin term referred to any great serpent, not necessarily mythological, and this usage was also current in English up to the 18th century.", "Dragon __knowledge__ A dragon is a mythological representation of a reptile.", "Dragon __knowledge__ In antiquity, dragons were mostly envisaged as serpents.", "Dragon __knowledge__ Since the Middle Ages, however, it has become common to depict dragons with legs, resembling a lizard.", "Dragon __knowledge__ Dragons are usually shown in modern times with a body like a huge lizard, or a snake with two pairs of lizard-type legs, and able to emit fire from their mouths.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the BBC fantasy drama television series \"Merlin\", including supporting characters.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ \"Note: All characters are listed in alphabetical order by their first name.\"", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ Aglain (portrayed by Colin Salmon) was a Druid man who lived in the Forest of Acestir.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ In the second-season episode, \"The Nightmare Begins\", he, with the assistance of Mordred, rescued Morgana from a group of serkets, and later healed the injury she sustained from one of the creatures.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ While she resided with him and his fellow Druids, Aglain encouraged Morgana not to fear herself and her emerging abilities, telling her that magic was not evil and not something Uther should hate.", "How to Train Your Dragon __knowledge__ How to Train Your Dragon is a series of twelve children's books written by British author Cressida Cowell.", "How to Train Your Dragon __knowledge__ The books are set in a fictional Viking world and focus on the experiences of protagonist Hiccup as he overcomes great obstacles on his journey of Becoming a Hero the Hard Way.", "How to Train Your Dragon __knowledge__ The books were published by Hodder Children's Books in the UK and by Little, Brown and Company in the US.", "How to Train Your Dragon __knowledge__ The first book was published in 2003 and the last one in 2015.", "How to Train Your Dragon __knowledge__ As of 2015, the series has sold more than seven million copies around the world.", "How to Train Your Dragon __knowledge__ The books have subsequently been made into a franchise consisting of two feature films of the same name, several short stories and a animated television series produced by DreamWorks Animation.", "List of Dragon Ball characters __knowledge__ The \"Dragon Ball\" manga series features an extensive cast of characters created by Akira Toriyama.", "List of Dragon Ball characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in a fictional universe, the same as Toriyama's previous series \"Dr. Slump\", and follows the adventures of Son Goku from his childhood through adulthood as he trains in martial arts and explores the world in search of the seven orbs known as the Dragon Balls that are used to summon a wish-granting dragon.", "List of Dragon Ball characters __knowledge__ During the course of the story, he encounters allies such as Bulma, Kuririn, and Trunks, rivals such as Tenshinhan, Piccolo, and Vegeta, and enemies such as Freeza, Cell, Majin Boo and Zamasu.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The Hobbit is a film series consisting of three high fantasy adventure films directed by Peter Jackson.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ They are based on the 1937 novel \"The Hobbit\" by J. R. R. Tolkien, with large portions of the trilogy inspired by the appendices to \"The Return of the King\", which expand on the story told in \"The Hobbit\", as well as new material and characters written especially for the films.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ Together they act as a prequel to Jackson's \"The Lord of the Rings\" film trilogy.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The films are subtitled \"\" (2012), \"\" (2013), and \"\" (2014).", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Fran Walsh, Philippa Boyens, Jackson, and Guillermo del Toro, who was originally chosen to direct before his departure from the project.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ \"Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You)\" is a song written by Bill Anderson and released as a single by American country artist Connie Smith.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ It was the second single spawned from her 1966 album \"Miss Smith Goes to Nashville\" and was produced by Bob Ferguson.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ The single was released in January 1966 by RCA Victor and peaked within the Top 5 on the \"Billboard Magazine\" country music singles chart, becoming her fifth Top 10 hit in a row.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ \"Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You)\" was the fourth single Smith recorded by Bill Anderson.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ The song was recorded October 14, 1965 along with the songs, \"Same as Mine\", \"I'll Never Get Over Loving You\", and \"Holdin' On\".", "Characters in the Realm of the Elderlings __knowledge__ This article discusses the characters in The Realm of the Elderlings, a fictional world created by Robin Hobb for her book series The Farseer Trilogy, The Liveship Traders Trilogy, The Tawny Man Trilogy, The Rain Wild Chronicles, and the Fitz and the Fool Trilogy .", "Characters in the Realm of the Elderlings __knowledge__ This page does not attempt to be a comprehensive listing of all the characters and their histories, but a general overview of the most important ones.", "Characters in the Realm of the Elderlings __knowledge__ It is the tradition of the Six Duchies to name children after a virtue.", "Characters in the Realm of the Elderlings __knowledge__ This is thought to impress the importance of the virtue on the child so that he or she will grow up embodying that virtue." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dragon __knowledge__ A dragon is a legendary creature, typically scaled or fire-spewing and with serpentine, reptilian or avian traits, that features in the myths of many cultures around world.", "Dragon __knowledge__ The two most well-known cultural traditions of dragon are: The two traditions may have evolved separately, but have influenced each other to a certain extent, particularly with the cross-cultural contact of recent centuries.", "Dragon __knowledge__ The English word \"\" and Latin word \"\" derive from Greek (\"drákōn\"), \"dragon, serpent of huge size, water-snake\".", "Dragon __knowledge__ The word \"dragon\" entered the English language in the early 13th century from Old French \"dragon\", which in turn comes from Latin \"draconem\" (nominative \"draco\") meaning \"huge serpent, dragon\", from the Greek word δράκων, \"drakon\" (genitive \"drakontos\", δράκοντος) \"serpent, giant seafish\".", "Dragon __knowledge__ The Greek and Latin term referred to any great serpent, not necessarily mythological, and this usage was also current in English up to the 18th century.", "Dragon __knowledge__ A dragon is a mythological representation of a reptile.", "Dragon __knowledge__ In antiquity, dragons were mostly envisaged as serpents.", "Dragon __knowledge__ Since the Middle Ages, however, it has become common to depict dragons with legs, resembling a lizard.", "Dragon __knowledge__ Dragons are usually shown in modern times with a body like a huge lizard, or a snake with two pairs of lizard-type legs, and able to emit fire from their mouths.", "World Bowl '97 __knowledge__ World Bowl '97 (also referred to as World Bowl V) was the final game of the 1997 WLAF season in American football.", "World Bowl '97 __knowledge__ It was the fifth championship game of the World League of American Football (WLAF), and the third since the WLAF adopted a six-team European format.", "World Bowl '97 __knowledge__ The game was held at Estadi Olimpic de Montjuic in Barcelona, Spain on Sunday, June 22, 1997.", "World Bowl '97 __knowledge__ The game was played between the 7–3 Rhein Fire and the 5–5 Barcelona Dragons.", "World Bowl '97 __knowledge__ 31,100 fans were in attendance as the Dragons won their first and only World Bowl title in franchise history by beating the Fire 38–24.", "World Bowl '97 __knowledge__ Dragons quarterback Jon Kitna was given MVP honors after completing 23 of 31 attempts for 401 yards with two touchdowns and one interception.", "Temeraire (series) __knowledge__ Temeraire is a series of nine novels written by American author Naomi Novik.", "Temeraire (series) __knowledge__ The novels are works of both fantasy and alternate history: they are \"a reimagining of the epic events of the Napoleonic Wars with an air force—an air force of dragons, manned by crews of aviators\".", "Temeraire (series) __knowledge__ The first book, \"His Majesty's Dragon\", won the 2007 Compton Crook Award in the (science fiction/fantasy) genre.", "Temeraire (series) __knowledge__ The book was also nominated for a Hugo Award for Best Novel in 2007.", "Temeraire (series) __knowledge__ Also, \"In His Majesty's Service\" is a compilation book that includes the first three books in the series, as well as the Temeraire short story \"In Autumn, A White Dragon Looks Over the Wide River\".", "Dragon (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ In the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" (\"D&D\") fantasy role-playing game, dragons are an iconic type of monstrous creature used as adversaries or, less commonly, allies of player characters.", "Dragon (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ As a group, \"D&D\" dragons are loosely based upon dragons from a wide range of fictional and mythological sources.", "Dragon (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ In \"D&D\", dragons are depicted as any of various species of large, intelligent, magical, reptilian beasts, each typically defined by a combination of their demeanor and either the color of their scales or their elemental affinity.", "Dragon (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) __knowledge__ For example, a commonly presented species of dragon is the red dragon, which is named for its red scales, and known for its evil and greedy nature, as well as its ability to breathe fire.", "Dragons Rhöndorf __knowledge__ Dragons Rhoendorf is a professional basketball club based in Bad Honnef, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.", "Dragons Rhöndorf __knowledge__ The team had its most successful years from 1995 to 1999 when it played in the Basketball Bundesliga where it reached the semi-finals in 1999.", "Dragons Rhöndorf __knowledge__ Since then, the club has voluntarily moved down to the third highest national division Pro B.", "Dragons Rhöndorf __knowledge__ Former names of the team are TV Rhöndorf, TV Tatami Rhöndorf und SOBA Dragons Rhöndorf in the second League north and previously in the basketball major league.", "Dragons Rhöndorf __knowledge__ From 1995 to 1999 played the team in the basketball league before the license changed to the Skyliners Frankfurt.", "Weyr __knowledge__ A Weyr is a collection of dragons, their riders and support staff in Anne McCaffrey's fictional world of Pern.", "Weyr __knowledge__ The function of a Weyr is to fight Thread, a spore that originates in the Oort cloud of the Rukbat solar system, carried by a planetoid referred to as the Red Star with a loose elliptical orbit.", "Weyr __knowledge__ The time during which Thread falls is called a Pass.", "Weyr __knowledge__ These Passes last about 50 years, usually with a break of 200 years between, although extended periods have been known to occur due to orbital mechanics.", "Weyr __knowledge__ Weyrs are also the physical spaces in which dragons, their riders and support staff reside.", "How to Train Your Dragon __knowledge__ How to Train Your Dragon is a series of twelve children's books written by British author Cressida Cowell.", "How to Train Your Dragon __knowledge__ The books are set in a fictional Viking world and focus on the experiences of protagonist Hiccup as he overcomes great obstacles on his journey of Becoming a Hero the Hard Way.", "How to Train Your Dragon __knowledge__ The books were published by Hodder Children's Books in the UK and by Little, Brown and Company in the US.", "How to Train Your Dragon __knowledge__ The first book was published in 2003 and the last one in 2015.", "How to Train Your Dragon __knowledge__ As of 2015, the series has sold more than seven million copies around the world.", "How to Train Your Dragon __knowledge__ The books have subsequently been made into a franchise consisting of two feature films of the same name, several short stories and a animated television series produced by DreamWorks Animation.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "Childrens Hospital __knowledge__ Childrens Hospital (originally titled Children's Hospital as webisodes) is an American black comedy television series and web series that parodies the medical drama genre, created by and starring actor/comedian Rob Corddry.", "Childrens Hospital __knowledge__ The series began on the web on TheWB.com with ten episodes, roughly five minutes in length, all of which premiered on December 8, 2008.", "Childrens Hospital __knowledge__ Adult Swim picked up the rights to the show in 2009 and began airing episodes in 2010.", "Childrens Hospital __knowledge__ The storyline centers on the staff of Childrens Hospital, a children's hospital named after Dr. Arthur Childrens.", "Childrens Hospital __knowledge__ The hospital sporadically (and usually without reason) is mentioned as being located within Brazil, despite making virtually no effort to conceal that the series is shot in Los Angeles, California.", "2012 Light Years from Home __knowledge__ 2012 Light Years from Home is the seventh studio release by Brazilian progressive rock Apocalypse.", "2012 Light Years from Home __knowledge__ \"2012 Light Years from Home\" was released in The 25th Anniversary Box Set that also has a live CD called \"Magic Spells\", a DVD called \"The 25th Anniversary Concert\" and a book written by Eliton Tomasi called \"The 25th Anniversary Book - The Apocalypse History\" that tells the 25 years band's history.", "2012 Light Years from Home __knowledge__ \"New Sunrise\" opens immediately with a barrage of melodic vocals in the chorus, with a modern Yes vibe.", "2012 Light Years from Home __knowledge__ Although the band are from Brazil all the vox are English, rather than in Portuguese as some other releases were.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Larry Nestor __knowledge__ Laurence F. Nestor (born January 29, 1940) is a singer, songwriter, author from River Grove Illinois.", "Larry Nestor __knowledge__ Nestor is a member of the American Federation of Musicians and the American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers.", "Larry Nestor __knowledge__ Nestor played keyboards for a short time for The Buckinghams in the early years after the original keyboard player, Dennis Miccolis, left shortly after the Chess Studio recording sessions of Kind of a Drag.", "Larry Nestor __knowledge__ Nestor was eventually replaced by Marty Grebb before The Buckinghams hit the charts with Don't You Care, Susan and Hey Baby (They're Playing Our Song).", "Larry Nestor __knowledge__ Nestor's songwriting career started in 1962 while still in high school.", "Mudgal __knowledge__ Mudgal is a panchayat town in Lingsugur taluk, Raichur district in the Indian state of Karnataka.", "Mudgal __knowledge__ Mudgal is about 10 miles south-west of Lingsugur.", "Mudgal __knowledge__ Mudgal is a historical place that has several inscriptions belonging to the Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri.", "Mudgal __knowledge__ It is known for its historical heritage and communal harmony.", "Mudgal __knowledge__ The main attractions here are the remnants of the Mudgal fort and an ancient Roman Catholic church built by the Jesuits before 1557.", "Mudgal __knowledge__ Mudgal was originally a Brahman Rishi (In Brahmin there are 7 brahmrishi and two Rajarshi.", "Mudgal __knowledge__ Mudgal was one of the Rajarshi.", "Mudgal __knowledge__ the other one was vishvamitra) known for his generosity and simplicity.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Religious debates over the \"Harry Potter\" series of books by J. K. Rowling are based on claims that the novels contain occult or Satanic subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ A number of Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox Christians have argued against the series, as have some Shia and Sunni Muslims.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Supporters of the series have said that the magic in \"Harry Potter\" bears little resemblance to occultism, being more in the vein of fairy tales such as \"Cinderella\" and \"Snow White\", or to the works of C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien, both of whom are known for writing fantasy novels with Christian subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Far from promoting a particular religion, some argue, the \"Harry Potter\" novels go out of their way to avoid discussing religion at all.", "Henry Winkler __knowledge__ Henry Franklin Winkler (born October 30, 1945) is an American actor, comedian, director, producer, and author.", "Henry Winkler __knowledge__ Winkler is known for his role as Arthur Fonzarelli in the 1970s American sitcom \"Happy Days.\"", "Henry Winkler __knowledge__ \"The Fonz\", or \"Fonzie\", a leather-clad greaser, hot rodder and auto mechanic, started out as a minor character at the show's beginning, but had achieved top billing by the time the show ended.", "Henry Winkler __knowledge__ He also starred as Sy Mittleman on Adult Swim's \"Childrens Hospital\" and starred as Eddie R. Lawson on USA Networks's \"Royal Pains\".", "Henry Winkler __knowledge__ Winkler was also a recurring guest star on \"Parks and Recreation\".", "Henry Winkler __knowledge__ Winkler was born on the West Side of Manhattan, New York City, New York, the son of Ilse Anna Marie Winkler (née Hadra; 1913-2002) and Harry Irving Winkler (1903-1995), a lumber company president." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dragon __knowledge__ A dragon is a legendary creature, typically scaled or fire-spewing and with serpentine, reptilian or avian traits, that features in the myths of many cultures around world.", "Dragon __knowledge__ The two most well-known cultural traditions of dragon are: The two traditions may have evolved separately, but have influenced each other to a certain extent, particularly with the cross-cultural contact of recent centuries.", "Dragon __knowledge__ The English word \"\" and Latin word \"\" derive from Greek (\"drákōn\"), \"dragon, serpent of huge size, water-snake\".", "Dragon __knowledge__ The word \"dragon\" entered the English language in the early 13th century from Old French \"dragon\", which in turn comes from Latin \"draconem\" (nominative \"draco\") meaning \"huge serpent, dragon\", from the Greek word δράκων, \"drakon\" (genitive \"drakontos\", δράκοντος) \"serpent, giant seafish\".", "Dragon __knowledge__ The Greek and Latin term referred to any great serpent, not necessarily mythological, and this usage was also current in English up to the 18th century.", "Dragon __knowledge__ A dragon is a mythological representation of a reptile.", "Dragon __knowledge__ In antiquity, dragons were mostly envisaged as serpents.", "Dragon __knowledge__ Since the Middle Ages, however, it has become common to depict dragons with legs, resembling a lizard.", "Dragon __knowledge__ Dragons are usually shown in modern times with a body like a huge lizard, or a snake with two pairs of lizard-type legs, and able to emit fire from their mouths.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "DONT __knowledge__ In the card game contract bridge, DONT is a conventional overcall used to interfere with an opponent's one notrump (1NT) opening bid.", "DONT __knowledge__ DONT, an acronym for Disturb Opponents' Notrump, was designed by Marty Bergen, and is therefore also referred to as \"Bergen over Notrump\".", "DONT __knowledge__ Although the method is often criticized for being too nebulous, it remains fairly popular.", "DONT __knowledge__ The convention was first published in the September/October 1989 issue of \"Bridge Today\".", "DONT __knowledge__ In DONT, the two-level overcalls of trump show a two suiter of the suit bid and an unspecified higher-ranking suit.", "DONT __knowledge__ The feature distinguishing DONT from other similar conventions such as Cappelletti is the use of the double to show length in one suit, rather than hand strength or for .", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are an American funk rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ The group's musical style primarily consists of rock with an emphasis on funk, as well as elements from other genres such as punk rock and psychedelic rock.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ When played live, their music incorporates elements of jam band due to the improvised nature of many of their performances.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Currently, the band consists of founding members vocalist/rhythm guitarist Anthony Kiedis and bassist Flea, longtime drummer Chad Smith, and former touring guitarist Josh Klinghoffer.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are one of the best-selling bands of all time with over 80 million records sold worldwide, have been nominated for sixteen Grammy Awards, of which they have won six, and are the most successful band in alternative rock radio history, currently holding the records for most number-one singles (13), most cumulative weeks at number one (85) and most top-ten songs (25) on the \"Billboard\" Alternative Songs chart.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ The Two Futures Project (2FP) is a movement made up of American Christians who support and work towards the abolition of all nuclear weapons.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ This organization believes that human beings face two futures and one choice: a world without nuclear weapons or a world ruined by them.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ 2FP is supportive of concrete and practical steps to reduce nuclear dangers immediately, while pursuing the multilateral, global, irreversible, and verifiable elimination of nuclear weapons, as a biblically-grounded mandate and as a contemporary security imperative.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ In order to make these changes in the world they are using a strategy based around the creation of a non-partisan, conscience-driven, enduring majority of Americans who are committed to a nuclear weapons-free world.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ French pronouns are inflected to indicate their role in the sentence (subject, direct object, and so on), as well as to reflect the person, gender, and number of their referents.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ French has a complex system of personal pronouns (analogous to English \"I\", \"we\", \"they\", and so on).", "French pronouns __knowledge__ When compared to English, the particularities of French personal pronouns include: Possessive pronouns refer to an object (or person) by identifying its possessor.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ They lexically indicate the person and number of the possessor, and like other pronouns they are inflected to indicate the gender and number of their referent.", "Telecommunications device for the deaf __knowledge__ A telecommunications device for the deaf (TDD) is a teleprinter, an electronic device for text communication over a telephone line, that is designed for use by persons with hearing or speech difficulties.", "Telecommunications device for the deaf __knowledge__ Other names for the device include teletypewriter (TTY), textphone (common in Europe), and minicom (United Kingdom).", "Telecommunications device for the deaf __knowledge__ The typical TDD is a device about the size of a typewriter or laptop computer with a QWERTY keyboard and small screen that uses an LED, LCD, or VFD screen to display typed text electronically.", "Telecommunications device for the deaf __knowledge__ In addition, TDDs commonly have a small spool of paper on which text is also printedold versions of the device had only a printer and no screen.", "Dragons (Pern) __knowledge__ The Dragons of Pern are a fictional race created by Anne McCaffrey as an integral part of the science fiction world depicted in her Dragonriders of Pern novels.", "Dragons (Pern) __knowledge__ In creating the Pern setting, McCaffrey set out to subvert the clichés associated with dragons in European folklore and in modern fantasy fiction.", "Dragons (Pern) __knowledge__ Pernese dragons are similar to traditional European dragons in the fact that they can breathe fire and resemble great lizards or dinosaurs with wings, but the resemblance ends there.", "Dragons (Pern) __knowledge__ Unlike most dragons in previous Western literature, Pernese dragons are entirely friendly to humanity.", "Dragons (Pern) __knowledge__ Furthermore, they are not magical at all.", "Dragonriders of Pern __knowledge__ Dragonriders of Pern is a science fiction series written primarily by American-Irish author Anne McCaffrey, who initiated it in 1967.", "Dragonriders of Pern __knowledge__ Beginning 2003, her middle child Todd McCaffrey has written Pern novels, both solo and jointly with Anne.", "Dragonriders of Pern __knowledge__ The series (as of July 2012) comprises 23 novels and several short stories.", "Dragonriders of Pern __knowledge__ Most of the short fiction has been collected in two volumes or incorporated in one of the novels, so \"Dragonriders of Pern\" is sometimes identified with the 24 books.", "Dragonriders of Pern __knowledge__ Two of the novellas included in the first novel, \"Dragonflight\", made McCaffrey the first woman to win a Hugo or Nebula Award.", "Pern __knowledge__ Pern is a fictional planet created by Anne McCaffrey beginning in the 1960s, the setting for the \"Dragonriders of Pern\" series of science fiction books.", "Pern __knowledge__ In the story it is \"Rukbat 3\", the third planet in orbit around the star Rukbat, counting outward.", "Pern __knowledge__ No Pern fiction has been published since June 2012, several months after Anne McCaffrey's death.", "Pern __knowledge__ There are two collections of Pern stories; twenty-three novels, some written jointly or solely by Todd McCaffrey, the son of Anne; and a few authorized companion books by other writers.", "Pern __knowledge__ The figure shows the habitable portion of Pern's northern continent and a tiny portion of its southern continent, which are the setting for the first novel \"Dragonflight\" (1968) and its sequel \"Dragonquest\".", "Characters in Dragonriders of Pern __knowledge__ Characters in the \"Dragonriders of Pern\" series of science fiction novels by Anne McCaffrey.", "Characters in Dragonriders of Pern __knowledge__ An advanced computer called AIVAS (Artificial Intelligence Voice Address System).", "Characters in Dragonriders of Pern __knowledge__ AIVAS was found by Jaxom, Jancis, and Piemur while they were excavating the city called Landing, the original settlement of the ancestors (the original colonists from \"Dragonsdawn\"), that had been buried in ash during a volcanic eruption.", "Characters in Dragonriders of Pern __knowledge__ AIVAS has remained undisturbed since the events of \"Dragonsdawn\" some 2,500 years earlier and, in addition to holding a huge volume of stored information long since lost to the Pernese society, claims to be able to eliminate the threat of Thread forever.", "Anne McCaffrey __knowledge__ Anne Inez McCaffrey (1 April 1926 – 21 November 2011) was an American-born writer who emigrated to Ireland and was best known for the \"Dragonriders of Pern\" fantasy series.", "Anne McCaffrey __knowledge__ Early in McCaffrey's 46-year career as a writer, she became the first woman to win a Hugo Award for fiction and the first to win a Nebula Award.", "Anne McCaffrey __knowledge__ Her 1978 novel \"The White Dragon\" became one of the first science-fiction books to appear on the New York Times Best Seller list.", "Anne McCaffrey __knowledge__ In 2005 the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America named McCaffrey its 22nd Grand Master, an annual award to living writers of fantasy and science fiction.", "Todd McCaffrey __knowledge__ Todd J. McCaffrey (born 27 April 1956 as Todd Johnson) is an Irish American author of science fiction best known for continuing the \"Dragonriders of Pern\" series in collaboration with his mother Anne McCaffrey.", "Todd McCaffrey __knowledge__ Todd Johnson was born 27 April 1956 in Montclair, New Jersey as the second son and middle child of Horace Wright Johnson (deceased 2009), who worked for DuPont, and Anne McCaffrey (deceased 2011), who had her second short story published that year.", "Todd McCaffrey __knowledge__ He has two siblings: Alec Anthony, born 1952, and Georgeanne (\"Gigi\", Georgeanne Kennedy), born 1959.", "Todd McCaffrey __knowledge__ Except for a six-month DuPont transfer to Düsseldorf, Germany, the family lived most of a decade in Wilmington, Delaware, until a 1965 transfer to New York City when they moved to Sea Cliff, Long Island.", "Dragonsblood __knowledge__ Dragonsblood is a science fiction novel by Todd McCaffrey in the Dragonriders of Pern series that his mother Anne McCaffrey initiated in 1967.", "Dragonsblood __knowledge__ Published in 2005, this was the first with Todd as sole author and the nineteenth in the series.", "Dragonsblood __knowledge__ Todd's solo contribution followed two years after the first published collaboration between mother and son, \"Dragon's Kin\".", "Dragonsblood __knowledge__ Although set only a decade later, \"Dragonsblood\" is not a sequel.", "Dragonsblood __knowledge__ During the next few years, the McCaffreys co-wrote two sequels to their \"Dragon's Kin\" and Todd completed two sequels to his \"Dragonsblood\".", "Dragonsblood __knowledge__ All of Todd's novels are set just before or at the beginning of the \"Third Pass\", about 500 years after human settlement on Pern (500 AL, \"After Landing\") and 2000 years before the \"Ninth Pass\" events chronicled in most of Anne McCaffrey's Pern books." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dragon __knowledge__ A dragon is a legendary creature, typically scaled or fire-spewing and with serpentine, reptilian or avian traits, that features in the myths of many cultures around world.", "Dragon __knowledge__ The two most well-known cultural traditions of dragon are: The two traditions may have evolved separately, but have influenced each other to a certain extent, particularly with the cross-cultural contact of recent centuries.", "Dragon __knowledge__ The English word \"\" and Latin word \"\" derive from Greek (\"drákōn\"), \"dragon, serpent of huge size, water-snake\".", "Dragon __knowledge__ The word \"dragon\" entered the English language in the early 13th century from Old French \"dragon\", which in turn comes from Latin \"draconem\" (nominative \"draco\") meaning \"huge serpent, dragon\", from the Greek word δράκων, \"drakon\" (genitive \"drakontos\", δράκοντος) \"serpent, giant seafish\".", "Dragon __knowledge__ The Greek and Latin term referred to any great serpent, not necessarily mythological, and this usage was also current in English up to the 18th century.", "Dragon __knowledge__ A dragon is a mythological representation of a reptile.", "Dragon __knowledge__ In antiquity, dragons were mostly envisaged as serpents.", "Dragon __knowledge__ Since the Middle Ages, however, it has become common to depict dragons with legs, resembling a lizard.", "Dragon __knowledge__ Dragons are usually shown in modern times with a body like a huge lizard, or a snake with two pairs of lizard-type legs, and able to emit fire from their mouths.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ Since the arrival of early social networking sites in the early 2000s, online social networking platforms have expanded exponentially, with the biggest names in social media in the mid-2010s being Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and SnapChat.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ The massive influx of personal information that has become available online and stored in the cloud has put user privacy at the forefront of discussion of the databases ability to safely store such personal information.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ The extent to which users and social media platform administrators can access user profiles has become a new topic of ethical consideration and the legality, awareness and boundaries of subsequent privacy violations are critical concerns in the advance of the technological age.", "Internet privacy __knowledge__ Internet privacy involves the right or mandate of personal privacy concerning the storing, repurposing, provision to third parties, and displaying of information pertaining to oneself via of the Internet.", "Internet privacy __knowledge__ Internet privacy is a subset of data privacy.", "Internet privacy __knowledge__ Privacy concerns have been articulated from the beginnings of large scale computer sharing.", "Internet privacy __knowledge__ Privacy can entail either \"Personally Identifying Information\" (PII) or non-PII information such as a site visitor's behavior on a website.", "Internet privacy __knowledge__ PII refers to any information that can be used to identify an individual.", "Internet privacy __knowledge__ For example, age and physical address alone could identify who an individual is without explicitly disclosing their name, as these two factors are unique enough to typically identify a specific person.", "Google __knowledge__ Google LLC is an American multinational technology company that specializes in Internet-related services and products, which include online advertising technologies, search engine, cloud computing, software, and hardware.", "Google __knowledge__ Google was founded in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were Ph.D. students at Stanford University, California.", "Google __knowledge__ Together, they own about 14 percent of its shares and control 56 percent of the stockholder voting power through supervoting stock.", "Google __knowledge__ They incorporated Google as a privately held company on September 4, 1998.", "Google __knowledge__ An Initial public offering (IPO) took place on August 19, 2004, and Google moved to its new headquarters in Mountain View, California, nicknamed the Googleplex.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Personalized search __knowledge__ Personalized search refers to web search experiences that are tailored specifically to an individual's interests by incorporating information about the individual beyond specific query provided.", "Personalized search __knowledge__ There are two general approaches to personalizing search results, one involving modifying the user's query and the other re-ranking search results.", "Personalized search __knowledge__ Google introduced personalized search in 2004 and it was implemented in 2005 to Google search.", "Personalized search __knowledge__ Google has personalized search implemented for all users, not only those with a Google account.", "Personalized search __knowledge__ There is not much information on how exactly Google personalizes their searches; however, it is believed that they use user language, location, and web history.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ Confirmation bias, also called confirmatory bias or myside bias, is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or hypotheses.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ It is a type of cognitive bias and a systematic error of inductive reasoning.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ People display this bias when they gather or remember information selectively, or when they interpret it in a biased way.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ The effect is stronger for emotionally charged issues and for deeply entrenched beliefs.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ Confirmation bias is a variation of the more general tendency of apophenia.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ People also tend to interpret ambiguous evidence as supporting their existing position.", "Search engine technology __knowledge__ A search engine is an information retrieval software program that discovers, crawls, transforms and stores information for retrieval and presentation in response to user queries.", "Search engine technology __knowledge__ A search engine normally consists of four components e.g.", "Search engine technology __knowledge__ search interface, crawler(also known as a spider or bot),indexer, and database.", "Search engine technology __knowledge__ The crawler traverses a document collection, deconstructs document text, and assigns surrogates for storage in the search engine index.", "Search engine technology __knowledge__ Online search engines store images, link data and metadata for the document as well.", "Search engine technology __knowledge__ The concept of hypertext and a memory extension originates from an article that was published in The Atlantic Monthly in July 1945 written by Vannevar Bush, titled As We May Think.", "Todd McCaffrey __knowledge__ Todd J. McCaffrey (born 27 April 1956 as Todd Johnson) is an Irish American author of science fiction best known for continuing the \"Dragonriders of Pern\" series in collaboration with his mother Anne McCaffrey.", "Todd McCaffrey __knowledge__ Todd Johnson was born 27 April 1956 in Montclair, New Jersey as the second son and middle child of Horace Wright Johnson (deceased 2009), who worked for DuPont, and Anne McCaffrey (deceased 2011), who had her second short story published that year.", "Todd McCaffrey __knowledge__ He has two siblings: Alec Anthony, born 1952, and Georgeanne (\"Gigi\", Georgeanne Kennedy), born 1959.", "Todd McCaffrey __knowledge__ Except for a six-month DuPont transfer to Düsseldorf, Germany, the family lived most of a decade in Wilmington, Delaware, until a 1965 transfer to New York City when they moved to Sea Cliff, Long Island.", "Dragonriders of Pern __knowledge__ Dragonriders of Pern is a science fiction series written primarily by American-Irish author Anne McCaffrey, who initiated it in 1967.", "Dragonriders of Pern __knowledge__ Beginning 2003, her middle child Todd McCaffrey has written Pern novels, both solo and jointly with Anne.", "Dragonriders of Pern __knowledge__ The series (as of July 2012) comprises 23 novels and several short stories.", "Dragonriders of Pern __knowledge__ Most of the short fiction has been collected in two volumes or incorporated in one of the novels, so \"Dragonriders of Pern\" is sometimes identified with the 24 books.", "Dragonriders of Pern __knowledge__ Two of the novellas included in the first novel, \"Dragonflight\", made McCaffrey the first woman to win a Hugo or Nebula Award.", "Anne McCaffrey __knowledge__ Anne Inez McCaffrey (1 April 1926 – 21 November 2011) was an American-born writer who emigrated to Ireland and was best known for the \"Dragonriders of Pern\" fantasy series.", "Anne McCaffrey __knowledge__ Early in McCaffrey's 46-year career as a writer, she became the first woman to win a Hugo Award for fiction and the first to win a Nebula Award.", "Anne McCaffrey __knowledge__ Her 1978 novel \"The White Dragon\" became one of the first science-fiction books to appear on the New York Times Best Seller list.", "Anne McCaffrey __knowledge__ In 2005 the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America named McCaffrey its 22nd Grand Master, an annual award to living writers of fantasy and science fiction.", "Pern __knowledge__ Pern is a fictional planet created by Anne McCaffrey beginning in the 1960s, the setting for the \"Dragonriders of Pern\" series of science fiction books.", "Pern __knowledge__ In the story it is \"Rukbat 3\", the third planet in orbit around the star Rukbat, counting outward.", "Pern __knowledge__ No Pern fiction has been published since June 2012, several months after Anne McCaffrey's death.", "Pern __knowledge__ There are two collections of Pern stories; twenty-three novels, some written jointly or solely by Todd McCaffrey, the son of Anne; and a few authorized companion books by other writers.", "Pern __knowledge__ The figure shows the habitable portion of Pern's northern continent and a tiny portion of its southern continent, which are the setting for the first novel \"Dragonflight\" (1968) and its sequel \"Dragonquest\".", "Barry McCaffrey __knowledge__ Barry Richard McCaffrey (born November 17, 1942) is a former United States Army General and current news commentator and business consultant.", "Barry McCaffrey __knowledge__ He received three Purple Heart medals for injuries sustained during his service in Vietnam, two Silver Stars for valor, and two Distinguished Service Crosses — the second-highest U.S. Army award for valor.", "Barry McCaffrey __knowledge__ He was inducted into U.S. Army Ranger Hall of Fame at U.S. Army Infantry Center at Fort Benning in 2007.", "Barry McCaffrey __knowledge__ He served as an adjunct professor at U.S. Military Academy and its Bradley Professor of International Security Studies from 2001 to 2008.", "Barry McCaffrey __knowledge__ He received West Point Association of Graduates of the United States Military Academy's Distinguished Graduate Award in 2010.", "Dragon's Time __knowledge__ Dragon's Time is a science fiction novel by the American-Irish author Anne McCaffrey and her son Todd McCaffrey in the \"Dragonriders of Pern\" series that she initiated in 1967.", "Dragon's Time __knowledge__ Published by Del Rey Books and released June 2011, \"Dragon's Time\" is their fourth collaboration in the series and is the sequel to \"Dragongirl\" by Todd McCaffrey.", "Dragon's Time __knowledge__ The McCaffreys wrote one more sequel together, \"Sky Dragons\" (published July 2012).", "Dragon's Time __knowledge__ The frame story of \"Dragon's Time\" is set during ten days of year 508 AL (years After Landing on Pern).", "Dragon's Time __knowledge__ Now it is summer, about six months after the start of the \"Third Pass\" of the Red Star and its attendant Threadfall.", "The Ship Who Sang __knowledge__ The Ship Who Sang (1969) is a science fiction novel by American writer Anne McCaffrey, a fix-up of five stories published 1961 to 1969.", "The Ship Who Sang __knowledge__ By an alternate reckoning, \"The Ship Who Sang\" is the earliest of the stories, a novelette, which became the first chapter of the book.", "The Ship Who Sang __knowledge__ Finally, the entire \"Brain & Brawn Ship series\" (or Brainship or Ship series), written by McCaffrey and others, is sometimes called the \"Ship Who Sang series\" by bibliographers, merchants, or fans.", "The Ship Who Sang __knowledge__ The protagonist of the 1969 novel and all the early stories is a cyborg, Helva, a human being and a spaceship, or \"brainship\".", "The Ship Who Sang __knowledge__ The five older stories are revised under their original titles as the first five chapters of the book and the sixth chapter is entirely new." ] ]

[ 15, 30, 48, 51 ]

[ "Yes like the childrens books and movies. That would be fun", "Yes, Have you ever read Anne McCaffrey's Dragon Riders of Pern series. They train their dragons also.", "It is. If you like to read you should check them out. There is a bunch of books in the series. Her son look over writing them in 2003. His name is Todd McCaffrey. ", "The series has 23 novels and a few short stories. I've read them all and am now reading them to my children." ]

[ "Dragon", "Dragon", "Dragon", "Dragon" ]

[ "IPhone\nMy favorite phone is iphone", "Who invented Iphone?", "So who founded apple?", "When was apple officially lunched?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Other functionality, such as video games, reference works, and social networking, can be enabled by downloading mobile apps.", "IPhone __knowledge__ , Apple's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Apple has released eleven generations of iPhone models, each accompanied by one of the eleven major releases of the iOS operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The original first-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents, such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations.", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ The iPhone 4 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ Following a number of notable leaks, the iPhone 4 was first unveiled on June 7, 2010, at Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco, and was released on June 24, 2010, in the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany and Japan.", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ It is the 4th generation of iPhone, succeeding the 3GS and preceding the 4S.", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ The iPhone 4 introduced a new hardware design to the iPhone family, which Apple's CEO Steve Jobs touted as the thinnest smartphone in the world at the time; it consisted of a stainless steel frame which doubles as an antenna, with internal components situated between aluminosilicate glass.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The iPhone 5S is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. Part of the iPhone series, the device was unveiled on September 10, 2013, at Apple's Cupertino headquarters.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ It was released on September 20, 2013, along with its lower-cost counterpart, the iPhone 5c.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The iPhone 5S maintains almost the same external design as its predecessor, the iPhone 5, although the 5S received a new white/gold color scheme in addition to white/silver and space gray/black, however the 5S has vastly upgraded internal hardware.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The 5S introduced the A7 64-bit dual-core system-on-chip, the first 64-bit processor to be used on a smartphone, accompanied by the M7 \"motion co-processor\".", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The devices are part of the iPhone series and were announced on September 9, 2014, and released on September 19, 2014.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus jointly serve as successors to the iPhone 5S and were themselves replaced as flagship devices of the iPhone series by the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus on September 9, 2015.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus include larger displays, a faster processor, upgraded cameras, improved LTE and Wi-Fi connectivity and support for a near field communications-based mobile payments offering.", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ The history of iPhone began with a request from Apple Inc. CEO Steve Jobs to the company's engineers, asking them to investigate the use of touchscreen devices and tablet computers (which later came to fruition with the iPad).", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ Many have noted the device's similarities to Apple's previous touch-screen portable device, the Newton MessagePad.", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ Like the Newton, the iPhone is nearly all screen.", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ Its form factor is credited to Apple's Chief Design Officer, Jonathan Ive.", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ In April 2003, at the \"All Things Digital\" executive conference, Jobs expressed his belief that tablet PCs and traditional PDAs were not good choices as high-demand markets for Apple to enter, despite receiving many requests for Apple to create another PDA.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ The iPhone 5 is a smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ It is the sixth generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 4S and preceding the iPhone 5S and iPhone 5C.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ Formally unveiled as part of a press event on September 12, 2012, it was released on September 21, 2012.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ The iPhone 5 is the first iPhone to be announced in September and setting a trend for subsequent iPhone releases, the first iPhone to be completely developed under the guidance of Tim Cook and the last iPhone to be overseen by Steve Jobs.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ The iPhone 5 featured major design changes in comparison to its predecessor.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ These included an aluminum-based body which was thinner and lighter than previous models, a taller screen with a nearly aspect ratio, the Apple A6 system-on-chip, LTE support, and Lightning, a new compact dock connector which replaced the 30-pin design used by previous iPhone models.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the-air software updates.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Other functionality, such as video games, reference works, and social networking, can be enabled by downloading mobile apps.", "IPhone __knowledge__ , Apple's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Apple has released eleven generations of iPhone models, each accompanied by one of the eleven major releases of the iOS operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The original first-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents, such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The devices are part of the iPhone series and were announced on September 9, 2014, and released on September 19, 2014.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus jointly serve as successors to the iPhone 5S and were themselves replaced as flagship devices of the iPhone series by the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus on September 9, 2015.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus include larger displays, a faster processor, upgraded cameras, improved LTE and Wi-Fi connectivity and support for a near field communications-based mobile payments offering.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the-air software updates.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service.", "IOS version history __knowledge__ Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The iPhone 5S is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. Part of the iPhone series, the device was unveiled on September 10, 2013, at Apple's Cupertino headquarters.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ It was released on September 20, 2013, along with its lower-cost counterpart, the iPhone 5c.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The iPhone 5S maintains almost the same external design as its predecessor, the iPhone 5, although the 5S received a new white/gold color scheme in addition to white/silver and space gray/black, however the 5S has vastly upgraded internal hardware.", "IPhone 5S __knowledge__ The 5S introduced the A7 64-bit dual-core system-on-chip, the first 64-bit processor to be used on a smartphone, accompanied by the M7 \"motion co-processor\".", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ The iPhone 4 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ Following a number of notable leaks, the iPhone 4 was first unveiled on June 7, 2010, at Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco, and was released on June 24, 2010, in the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany and Japan.", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ It is the 4th generation of iPhone, succeeding the 3GS and preceding the 4S.", "IPhone 4 __knowledge__ The iPhone 4 introduced a new hardware design to the iPhone family, which Apple's CEO Steve Jobs touted as the thinnest smartphone in the world at the time; it consisted of a stainless steel frame which doubles as an antenna, with internal components situated between aluminosilicate glass.", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ The history of iPhone began with a request from Apple Inc. CEO Steve Jobs to the company's engineers, asking them to investigate the use of touchscreen devices and tablet computers (which later came to fruition with the iPad).", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ Many have noted the device's similarities to Apple's previous touch-screen portable device, the Newton MessagePad.", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ Like the Newton, the iPhone is nearly all screen.", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ Its form factor is credited to Apple's Chief Design Officer, Jonathan Ive.", "History of iPhone __knowledge__ In April 2003, at the \"All Things Digital\" executive conference, Jobs expressed his belief that tablet PCs and traditional PDAs were not good choices as high-demand markets for Apple to enter, despite receiving many requests for Apple to create another PDA.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ The iPhone 5 is a smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ It is the sixth generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 4S and preceding the iPhone 5S and iPhone 5C.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ Formally unveiled as part of a press event on September 12, 2012, it was released on September 21, 2012.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ The iPhone 5 is the first iPhone to be announced in September and setting a trend for subsequent iPhone releases, the first iPhone to be completely developed under the guidance of Tim Cook and the last iPhone to be overseen by Steve Jobs.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ The iPhone 5 featured major design changes in comparison to its predecessor.", "IPhone 5 __knowledge__ These included an aluminum-based body which was thinner and lighter than previous models, a taller screen with a nearly aspect ratio, the Apple A6 system-on-chip, LTE support, and Lightning, a new compact dock connector which replaced the 30-pin design used by previous iPhone models.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ A smartphone is a handheld personal computer with a mobile operating system and an integrated mobile broadband cellular network connection for voice, SMS, and Internet data communication; most if not all smartphones also support Wi-Fi.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Smartphones are typically pocket-sized, as opposed to tablets, which are much larger.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ They are able to run a variety of software components, known as “apps”.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Most basic apps (e.g.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ event calendar, camera, web browser) come pre-installed with the system, while others are available for download from places like the Google Play Store or Apple App Store.", "Smartphone __knowledge__ Apps can receive bug fixes and gain additional functionality through software updates; similarly, operating systems are able to update.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ Lenovo Group Ltd. or Lenovo PC International, often shortened to Lenovo ( ; formerly stylized as lenovo), is a Chinese multinational technology company with headquarters in Beijing, China and Morrisville, North Carolina.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ It designs, develops, manufactures and sells personal computers, tablet computers, smartphones, workstations, servers, electronic storage devices, IT management software, and smart televisions.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ Lenovo is the world's largest personal computer vendor by unit sales since 2013.", "Lenovo __knowledge__ It markets the ThinkPad line of notebook computers, IdeaPad, Yoga and Legion and lines of notebook laptops, and the IdeaCentre and ThinkCentre lines of desktops.", "Apple Corps __knowledge__ Apple Corps Ltd (informally known as Apple) is a multi-armed multimedia corporation founded in London in January 1968 by the members of the Beatles to replace their earlier company (Beatles Ltd) and to form a conglomerate.", "Apple Corps __knowledge__ Its name (pronounced \"apple core\") is a pun.", "Apple Corps __knowledge__ Its chief division is Apple Records, which was launched in the same year.", "Apple Corps __knowledge__ Other divisions included Apple Electronics, Apple Films, Apple Publishing and Apple Retail, whose most notable venture was the short-lived Apple Boutique, on the corner of Baker Street and Paddington Street in central London.", "Apple Corps __knowledge__ Apple's headquarters in the late 1960s was at the upper floors of 94 Baker Street, after that at 95 Wigmore Street, and subsequently at 3 Savile Row.", "Typography of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. uses a large variety of typefaces in its marketing, operating systems, and industrial design with each product cycle.", "Typography of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ These change throughout the years with Apple's change of style in their products.", "Typography of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ This is evident in the design and marketing of the company.", "Typography of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ For at least 18 years, Apple's corporate typeface was a custom variant of the ITC Garamond typeface called Apple Garamond.", "Typography of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ It was used alongside the Apple logo for product names on computers, in many ads and printed materials, and on the company's website.", "Typography of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Since 2001, Apple has gradually shifted towards using Myriad in its marketing.", "Smartwatch __knowledge__ A smartwatch is a mobile device; it consists of a package, including the computer and the display, attached to a bracelet.", "Smartwatch __knowledge__ While early models can perform basic tasks, such as calculations, digital time telling, translations, and game-playing, 2010s smartwatches are effectively wearable computers.", "Smartwatch __knowledge__ Many run mobile apps, using a mobile operating system and Bluetooth connectivity.", "Smartwatch __knowledge__ Some smartwatches function as portable media players, with FM radio and playback of digital audio and video files via a Bluetooth or USB headset.", "Smartwatch __knowledge__ Some models, also called 'watch phones' (or vice versa), have complete functionality of a typical smartphone.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, or Xcode." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Other functionality, such as video games, reference works, and social networking, can be enabled by downloading mobile apps.", "IPhone __knowledge__ , Apple's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Apple has released eleven generations of iPhone models, each accompanied by one of the eleven major releases of the iOS operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The original first-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents, such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations.", "Ronald Wayne __knowledge__ Ronald Gerald Wayne (born May 17, 1934) is an American retired electronics industry worker.", "Ronald Wayne __knowledge__ He co-founded Apple Computer (now Apple Inc.) with Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs, providing administrative oversight for the new venture.", "Ronald Wayne __knowledge__ He soon, however, sold his share of the new company back to Jobs and Wozniak for $800 US dollars, and later accepted $1,500 to forfeit any claims against Apple (in total, ).", "Ronald Wayne __knowledge__ As of March 2017, if Wayne had kept his 10% stake in Apple Inc., it would have been worth over $75.5 billion.", "Ronald Wayne __knowledge__ Wayne was born in Cleveland, Ohio, United States on May 17, 1934. He trained as a technical draftsman at the School of Industrial Art in New York.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Steve Wozniak __knowledge__ Stephen Gary Wozniak (; born on August 11, 1950), also nicknamed \"The Woz\", is an American inventor, electronics engineer, programmer, philanthropist, and technology entrepreneur who co-founded Apple Inc.", "Steve Wozniak __knowledge__ He is known as a pioneer of the personal computer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s, along with Apple co-founder Steve Jobs.", "Steve Wozniak __knowledge__ Wozniak single-handedly developed the 1976 Apple I, which was the computer that launched Apple.", "Steve Wozniak __knowledge__ He primarily designed the 1977 Apple II, known as one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputers, while Jobs oversaw the development of its foam-molded plastic case and Rod Holt developed the switching power supply.", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ The history of the personal computer as a mass-market consumer electronic device began with the microcomputer revolution of the 1980s.", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ The 1981 launch of the IBM Personal Computer coined both the term \"Personal Computer\" and \"PC\".", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ A personal computer is one intended for interactive individual use, as opposed to a mainframe computer where the end user's requests are filtered through operating staff, or a time-sharing system in which one large processor is shared by many individuals.", "History of personal computers __knowledge__ After the development of the microprocessor, individual personal computers were low enough in cost that they eventually became affordable consumer goods.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, or Xcode.", "IWoz __knowledge__ iWoz: From Computer Geek to Cult Icon: How I Invented the Personal Computer, Co-Founded Apple, and Had Fun Doing It is a 2006 autobiography by computer engineer and programmer Steve Wozniak.", "IWoz __knowledge__ It was co-authored by writer Gina Smith and published by W. W. Norton & Company.", "IWoz __knowledge__ In \"iWoz\", Wozniak gives a short history of his life, the founding of Apple Computer and some of his other ventures.", "IWoz __knowledge__ Near the end of the book, Wozniak explains that he wrote the book in order to dispel some misconceptions that have been spread about him, his relationship with Steve Jobs and his relationship with and feelings towards Apple.", "Common Ground (United Kingdom) __knowledge__ Common Ground is a United Kingdom charity and lobby group.", "Common Ground (United Kingdom) __knowledge__ Founded in 1982 by Susan Clifford and Angela King, Common Ground aims to promote \"local distinctiveness\" (a phrase which Common Ground coined during the 1980s).", "Common Ground (United Kingdom) __knowledge__ Common Ground has always been a non-membership organisation (grant and donation-funded) with King and Clifford as co-ordinating directors and a small core staff, usually a team assembled for a specific project.", "Common Ground (United Kingdom) __knowledge__ Over the years these have included Darren Giddings, Daniel Keech, Jane Kendall, Beatrice Mayfield, Joanna Morland, John Newton, Kate O'Farrell, Helen Porter, Stephen Turner, Neil Sinden and Karen Wimhurst.", "ITunes Store __knowledge__ The iTunes Store is a software-based online digital media store operated by Apple Inc.", "ITunes Store __knowledge__ It opened on April 28, 2003, and has been the largest music vendor in the United States since April 2008, and the largest music vendor in the world since February 2010.", "ITunes Store __knowledge__ It offers over 35 - 40 million songs, 2.2 million apps, 25,000 TV shows, and 65,000 films as of January 2017. iTunes Store's revenues in the first quarter of 2011 totaled nearly US$1.4 billion; by May 28, 2014, the store had sold 35 billion songs worldwide.", "ITunes Store __knowledge__ While most downloaded files initially included usage restrictions enforced by FairPlay, Apple's implementation of digital rights management (DRM), iTunes later initiated a shift into selling DRM-free music in most countries, marketed as iTunes Plus.", "Apple Inc. litigation __knowledge__ The multinational technology corporation Apple Inc. has been a participant in various legal proceedings and claims since it began operation and, like its competitors and peers, engages in litigation in its normal course of business for a variety of reasons.", "Apple Inc. litigation __knowledge__ In particular, Apple is known for and promotes itself as actively and aggressively enforcing its intellectual property interests.", "Apple Inc. litigation __knowledge__ From the 1980s to the present, Apple has been plaintiff or defendant in civil actions in the United States and other countries.", "Apple Inc. litigation __knowledge__ Some of these actions have determined significant case law for the information technology industry and many have captured the attention of the public and media.", "The Beatles in India __knowledge__ In February 1968, the English rock band the Beatles travelled to Rishikesh in northern India to attend an advanced Transcendental Meditation (TM) training course at the ashram of Maharishi Mahesh Yogi.", "The Beatles in India __knowledge__ The visit followed the group's denunciation of drugs in favour of TM, and received widespread media attention.", "The Beatles in India __knowledge__ Led by George Harrison's commitment, the band's interest in the Maharishi's teachings changed Western attitudes about Indian spirituality and encouraged the study of Transcendental Meditation.", "The Beatles in India __knowledge__ The visit was also one of the most productive periods for the band's songwriting.", "The Beatles in India __knowledge__ The Beatles first met the Maharishi in London in August 1967 and then attended his seminar in Bangor in Wales.", "Welcome to Macintosh (film) __knowledge__ Welcome to Macintosh is a 2008 documentary film focusing on computer company Apple Inc. and its Macintosh line of computers.", "Welcome to Macintosh (film) __knowledge__ The title comes from the original welcome message shown during the start-up of Macintosh computers.", "Welcome to Macintosh (film) __knowledge__ The film focuses on the history of computer company Apple Inc., and its Macintosh line of computers specifically.", "Welcome to Macintosh (film) __knowledge__ It discusses the company's employees, philosophy, practices, and interviews people who were working at Apple when the Macintosh was first released.", "Welcome to Macintosh (film) __knowledge__ Ars Technica noted that neither Steve Jobs nor Steve Wozniak, the founders of Apple Inc., appear in the film.", "Welcome to Macintosh (film) __knowledge__ However, several notable figures in the history of the Macintosh appear in the film, including Mac engineers Andy Hertzfeld and Jim Reekes, former Apple Evangelist Guy Kawasaki, and Ron Wayne, a \"short-lived but original co-founder of Apple Computer\".", "Apple II series __knowledge__ The Apple II series (trademarked with square brackets as \"Apple ][\" and rendered on later models as \"Apple //\") is a family of home computers, one of the first highly successful mass-produced text command microcomputer products, designed primarily by Steve Wozniak, manufactured by Apple Computer (now Apple Inc.) and introduced in 1977 with the original Apple II.", "Apple II series __knowledge__ In terms of ease of use, features and expandability, the Apple II was a major technological advancement over its predecessor, the Apple I, a limited-production bare circuit board computer for electronics hobbyists that pioneered many features that made the Apple II a commercial success." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "IPhone __knowledge__ iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone __knowledge__ They run Apple's iOS mobile operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and there have been multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases since.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks.", "IPhone __knowledge__ An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web, send and receive text messages, follow GPS navigation, record notes, perform mathematical calculations, and receive visual voicemail.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Other functionality, such as video games, reference works, and social networking, can be enabled by downloading mobile apps.", "IPhone __knowledge__ , Apple's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone.", "IPhone __knowledge__ Apple has released eleven generations of iPhone models, each accompanied by one of the eleven major releases of the iOS operating system.", "IPhone __knowledge__ The original first-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents, such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations.", "Criticism of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is a multinational American technology company which sells consumer electronics that have been claimed by critics to combine stolen and/or purchased designs that it claims are its own original creations.", "Criticism of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Criticism of Apple includes unethical business practices such as anti-competitive behavior, rash litigation, and dubious tax tactics, their production methods involving the use of sweatshop labor, customer service issues involving misleading warranties and insufficient data security, and concerns about environmental destruction.", "Criticism of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Additionally, it has been criticized for its alleged collaboration with U.S. surveillance program, PRISM.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker.", "Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, or Xcode.", "Copland (operating system) __knowledge__ Copland is an unreleased operating system prototype for Apple Macintosh computers of the late 1990s, intended to be released as the modern System 8 successor to the aging but venerable System 7.", "Copland (operating system) __knowledge__ It introduced protected memory, preemptive multitasking, and a number of new underlying operating system features, while retaining compatibility with existing Mac applications.", "Copland (operating system) __knowledge__ Copland's planned successor, codenamed Gershwin, was intended to add advanced features such as application-level multithreading.", "Copland (operating system) __knowledge__ Across a protracted development period of several years, previews of Copland garnered much press which introduced the layperson Macintosh audience to basic concepts of modern operating system design such as object orientation, crash-proofing, and multitasking.", "Apple TV __knowledge__ Apple TV is a digital media player and microconsole developed and sold by Apple Inc.", "Apple TV __knowledge__ It is a small network appliance and entertainment device that can receive digital data from a number of sources and stream it to a capable television.", "Apple TV __knowledge__ Apple TV is an HDMI-compliant source device.", "Apple TV __knowledge__ To use it for viewing, it has to be connected to an enhanced-definition or high-definition widescreen television via an HDMI cable.", "Apple TV __knowledge__ The device has no integrated controls and can only be controlled externally, either by an Apple Remote control device (with which it is shipped) using its infrared/bluetooth capability, by the Apple TV Remote app (downloadable from App Store) on iOS devices, such as the iPhone, iPod Touch, iPad, and Apple Watch, using its Wi-Fi capability, or by some third-party infrared remotes.", "Macintosh External Disk Drive __knowledge__ The Macintosh External Disk Drive is the original of a series of external 3.5\" floppy disk drives manufactured and sold by Apple Computer exclusively for the Macintosh series of computers introduced in January 1984.", "Macintosh External Disk Drive __knowledge__ Later, Apple would unify their external drives to work cross-platform between the Macintosh and Apple II product lines, dropping the name \"Macintosh\" from the drives.", "Macintosh External Disk Drive __knowledge__ Though Apple had been producing external floppy disk drives prior to 1984, they were exclusively developed for the Apple II, III and Lisa computers using the industry standard 5.25\" flexible disk format.", "Macintosh External Disk Drive __knowledge__ The Macintosh external drives were the first to widely introduce Sony's new 3.5\" rigid disk standard commercially and throughout their product line.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The devices are part of the iPhone series and were announced on September 9, 2014, and released on September 19, 2014.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus jointly serve as successors to the iPhone 5S and were themselves replaced as flagship devices of the iPhone series by the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus on September 9, 2015.", "IPhone 6 __knowledge__ The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus include larger displays, a faster processor, upgraded cameras, improved LTE and Wi-Fi connectivity and support for a near field communications-based mobile payments offering.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple Inc., formerly Apple Computer, Inc., is a multinational corporation that creates consumer electronics, personal computers, servers, and computer software, and is a digital distributor of media content.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ The company also has a chain of retail stores known as Apple Stores.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Apple's core product lines are the iPhone smart phone, iPad tablet computer, iPod portable media players, and Macintosh computer line.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ Founders Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak created Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, and incorporated the company on January 3, 1977, in Cupertino, California.", "History of Apple Inc. __knowledge__ For more than three decades, Apple Computer was predominantly a manufacturer of personal computers, including the Apple II, Macintosh, and Power Mac lines, but it faced rocky sales and low market share during the 1990s.", "Macworld/iWorld __knowledge__ Produced by Boston-based IDG World Expo, Macworld/iWorld is a trade show with conference tracks dedicated to the Apple Macintosh platform.", "Macworld/iWorld __knowledge__ It was held annually in the United States during January.", "Macworld/iWorld __knowledge__ Originally \"Macworld Expo\" and then \"Macworld Conference & Exposition\", the gathering dates back to 1985.", "Macworld/iWorld __knowledge__ \"Macworld\" is the most widely read Macintosh magazine in North America and a trademark of Mac Publishing, a wholly owned subsidiary of International Data Group.", "Macworld/iWorld __knowledge__ IDG World Expo is also a subsidiary.", "Macworld/iWorld __knowledge__ The conference tracks are taught by leaders in their fields and require large admission fees.", "Macworld/iWorld __knowledge__ They last for a few more days than the Expo, which runs generally three or four days.", "Steve Jobs (film) __knowledge__ Steve Jobs is a 2015 biographical drama film directed by Danny Boyle and written by Aaron Sorkin.", "Steve Jobs (film) __knowledge__ Based on the biography of the same name by Walter Isaacson as well as interviews conducted by Sorkin, the film is structured into three acts which cover 14 years (1984–1998) in the life of personal computing innovator and Apple Inc. co-founder Steve Jobs, with each act taking place immediately prior to the launch of a key product – the Apple Macintosh, the NeXT Computer and the iMac.", "Steve Jobs (film) __knowledge__ Jobs is portrayed by Michael Fassbender, with Kate Winslet, Seth Rogen, Katherine Waterston, Michael Stuhlbarg and Jeff Daniels in supporting roles.", "NeXT __knowledge__ NeXT (later NeXT Computer and NeXT Software) was an American computer and software company founded in 1985 by Apple Computer co-founder Steve Jobs.", "NeXT __knowledge__ Based in Redwood City, California, the company developed and manufactured a series of computer workstations intended for the higher education and business markets.", "NeXT __knowledge__ NeXT was founded by Jobs after he left Apple, along with several co-workers.", "NeXT __knowledge__ NeXT introduced the first NeXT Computer in 1988, and the smaller NeXTstation in 1990.", "NeXT __knowledge__ The NeXT computers experienced relatively limited sales, with estimates of about 50,000 units shipped in total.", "NeXT __knowledge__ Nevertheless, their innovative object-oriented NeXTSTEP operating system and development environment were highly influential.", "John Sculley __knowledge__ John Sculley III (; born April 6, 1939) is an American businessman, entrepreneur and investor in high-tech startups.", "John Sculley __knowledge__ Sculley was vice-president (1970–1977) and president of Pepsi-Cola (1977–1983), until he became chief executive officer of Apple Inc. on April 8, 1983, a position he held until leaving in 1993.", "John Sculley __knowledge__ In May 1987, Sculley was named Silicon Valley's top-paid executive, with an annual salary of US$10.2 million.", "John Sculley __knowledge__ Sales at Apple increased from $800 million to $8 billion under Sculley's management, although many attribute his success to the fact that Sculley joined the company just when Steve Jobs's visions and Steve Wozniak's creations had become highly lucrative." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 17, 15 ]

[ "They're great smartphones! They're also made by the company called Apple.", "The company Apple did, as they designed and marketed it.", "It was co-founded mainly by Steve Jobs, as he was also the chief executive officer of Apple.", "Im not sure of the exact date, but I do know that they created the iPhone, iPad, the Mac, and also the iPod." ]

[ "IPhone", "IPhone", "IPhone", "IPhone" ]

[ "New York City", "Oh I love New York! My favorite place to go is Chinatown. I've been there for new year's too.", "I have never been to Little Italy! Do they have good food?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Chinatowns in the United States __knowledge__ This article contains a list of the Chinatowns, which are either officially designated neighborhoods or historically important in the United States.", "Chinatowns in the United States __knowledge__ Historically speaking, many of these Chinatowns were formed in the 1800s and have served as ethnic enclaves.", "Chinatowns in the United States __knowledge__ Chinatowns in the United States have historically been located in the \"big cities\" such as New York City, San Francisco, Boston, Philadelphia, Los Angeles, and Chicago and existed initially as enclaves that ease transition into the American culture.", "Chinatowns in the United States __knowledge__ The earliest Chinatowns tended to be on the west coast while the newer ones are being built in lesser profile cities as opportunities shift.", "Chinese New Year __knowledge__ Chinese New Year, also known as the Spring Festival () in modern China, or simply the Lunar New Year, is an important Chinese festival celebrated at the turn of the traditional lunisolar Chinese calendar.", "Chinese New Year __knowledge__ Celebrations traditionally run from the evening preceding the first day, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first calendar month.", "Chinese New Year __knowledge__ The first day of the New Year falls on the new moon between 21 Jan and 20 Feb.", "Chinese New Year __knowledge__ In 2017, the first day of the Lunar New Year was on Saturday, 28 January, initiating the year of the Rooster.", "Chinese New Year __knowledge__ The upcoming year of the Dog commences on Friday, 16 February 2018.", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ Tiffany Pollard (born January 6, 1982), sometimes known by her nickname New York, is an American reality television personality and actress.", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ She first achieved public recognition for her participation in VH1's \"Flavor of Love\" and \"I Love New York\".", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ Pollard was given the nickname \"New York\" by rapper Flavor Flav.", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ She is also known colloquially by her self-proclaimed nickname, the \"HBIC (Head Bitch In Charge)\", which she exclaimed in the \"Flavor of Love\" series to taunt her competitors.", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ In 2016, Pollard took part in the British television series \"Celebrity Big Brother\", finishing in fourth place.", "Chinatown __knowledge__ A Chinatown () is an ethnic enclave of Chinese or Han people located outside mainland China or Taiwan, most often in an urban setting.", "Chinatown __knowledge__ Areas known as \"Chinatown\" exist throughout the world, including Asia, Australia, the Americas, Africa and Europe.", "Chinatown __knowledge__ The development of most Chinatowns typically resulted from mass migration to an area without any, or with very few Chinese residents.", "Chinatown __knowledge__ Binondo in Manila, established in 1594, is recognised as the world's oldest Chinatown.", "Chinatown __knowledge__ Notable early examples outside Asia include San Francisco's Chinatown in the United States and Melbourne's Chinatown in Australia, which were founded in the mid-19th century during the California gold rush and Victoria gold rush respectively.", "Chinatown, Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan's Chinatown (; juytping: Maanhaadeon waabou) is a neighborhood in Lower Manhattan, New York City, bordering the Lower East Side to its east, Little Italy to its north, Civic Center to its south, and Tribeca to its west.", "Chinatown, Manhattan __knowledge__ Chinatown is home to the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere.", "Chinatown, Manhattan __knowledge__ With an estimated population of 90,000 to 100,000 people, Manhattan's Chinatown is also one of the oldest Chinese ethnic enclaves.", "Chinatown, Manhattan __knowledge__ The Manhattan Chinatown is one of nine Chinatown neighborhoods in New York City, as well as one of twelve in the New York metropolitan area, which contains the largest ethnic Chinese population outside of Asia, comprising an estimated 819,527 uniracial individuals as of 2014.", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ I Love New York (season 1) is first season of the VH1 reality television series entitled \"I Love New York\".", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season consisted of 12 episodes, which first aired weekly from January 8, 2007 to April 15, 2007.", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ In July 2006, VH1 published a casting call looking for contestants for their new series tentatively titled \"The Flavorette\".", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ Various blogs speculated that the star of this program could be \"Flavor of Love\" season one contestants \"Rain\" (Thela Brown), \"Hoopz\" (Nicole Alexander) or Pollard.", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ Before the second season finale of \"Flavor of Love\", Pollard denied having her own show but when the Flavor of Love season 2 finale aired, she confirmed she was the \"Flavorette\" and that she was already down to the final three contestants.", "Chinatown, Boston __knowledge__ Chinatown, Boston is a neighborhood located in downtown Boston, Massachusetts.", "Chinatown, Boston __knowledge__ It is the only surviving historic ethnic Chinese enclave in New England since the demise of the Chinatowns in Providence, Rhode Island and Portland, Maine after the 1950s.", "Chinatown, Boston __knowledge__ Because of the high population of Asians and Asian Americans living in this area of Boston, there is an abundance of Chinese and Vietnamese restaurants located in Chinatown.", "Chinatown, Boston __knowledge__ It is one of the most densely populated residential areas in Boston and serves as the largest center of its East Asian and Southeast Asian cultural life.", "Chinatown, Boston __knowledge__ Chinatown borders the Boston Common, Downtown Crossing, the Washington Street Theatre District, Bay Village, the South End, and the Southeast Expressway/Massachusetts Turnpike.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ New York City's demographics show that it is a large and ethnically diverse metropolis.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ It is the largest city in the United States with a long history of international immigration.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ New York City was home to nearly 8.5 million people in 2014, accounting for over 40% of the population of New York State and a slightly lower percentage of the New York metropolitan area, home to approximately 23.6 million.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ Over the last decade the city has been growing faster than the region.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ The New York region continues to be by far the leading metropolitan gateway for legal immigrants admitted into the United States.", "Culture of New York City __knowledge__ The culture of New York City is reflected in its size and ethnic diversity.", "Culture of New York City __knowledge__ Many American cultural movements first emerged in the city.", "Culture of New York City __knowledge__ The Harlem Renaissance established the African-American renaissance in the United States.", "Culture of New York City __knowledge__ Large numbers of Italian Americans and Jews emigrated to New York throughout the twentieth century, significantly influencing the culture and image of New York City.", "Culture of New York City __knowledge__ American modern dance developed in New York in the early 20th century.", "Culture of New York City __knowledge__ The city was the top venue for jazz in the 1940s, expressionism in the 1950s and home to hip hop, punk rock, and the Beat Generation.", "Culture of New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York is an important center for music, film, theater, dance and visual art.", "New York metropolitan area __knowledge__ The New York metropolitan area, also referred to as the Tri-State Area, includes New York City as the most populous city in the United States, Long Island, and the Mid and Lower Hudson Valley in the state of New York; the five largest cities in New Jersey: Newark, Jersey City, Paterson, Elizabeth, and Edison, and their vicinities; six of the seven largest cities in Connecticut: Bridgeport, New Haven, Stamford, Waterbury, Norwalk, and Danbury, and their vicinities; and five counties in northeastern Pennsylvania.", "New York metropolitan area __knowledge__ As per the 2015 United States Census Bureau estimates, the New York metropolitan area remains, by a significant margin, the most populous in the United States, as defined by both the Metropolitan Statistical Area (20.2 million residents) and the Combined Statistical Area (23.7 million residents); it is also one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world, and the single largest in North America.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ Since its founding in 1625 by Dutch traders as New Amsterdam, New York City has been a major destination for immigrants of many nationalities who have formed ethnic enclaves, neighborhoods dominated by one ethnicity.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ Freed African American slaves also moved to New York City in the Great Migration and the later Second Great Migration and formed ethnic enclaves.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ These neighborhoods are set apart from the main city by differences such as food, goods for sale, or even language.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ Ethnic enclaves provide inhabitants security in work and social opportunities, but limit economic opportunities, do not encourage the development of English speaking, and keep immigrants in their own culture.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York is a state in the northeastern United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York was one of the original thirteen colonies that formed the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ With an estimated 19.85 million residents in 2017, it is the fourth most populous state in the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ To differentiate from its city with the same name, it is sometimes called New York State.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state's largest city, New York City, makes up over 40% of the state's population.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ Two-thirds of the state's population lives in the New York metropolitan area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state and city were both named for the 17th-century Duke of York, future King James II of England.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans ( or \"italo-americani\" ) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans who have full or majority-ancestry from Italy.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans are the fourth largest white ethnic group in the United States (not including American ethnicity, an ethnonym used by many in the United States; overall, Italian Americans rank seventh, behind German American, African American, Irish American, Mexican American, English American, and American).. About 5.5 million Italians immigrated to the United States from 1820 to 2004.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Immigration began to increase during the 1870s, when more than twice as many Italians immigrated (1870–79: 46,296) than during the five previous decades combined (1820–69: 22,627).", "Little Italy, San Diego __knowledge__ Little Italy is a somewhat hilly neighborhood in Downtown San Diego, California that was originally a predominately Italian fishing neighborhood.", "Little Italy, San Diego __knowledge__ It has since been gentrified and now Little Italy is a scenic neighborhood composed mostly of Italian restaurants, Italian retail shops, home design stores, art galleries, and residential units.", "Little Italy, San Diego __knowledge__ Little Italy is one of the more active downtown neighborhoods and has frequent festivals and events including a weekly farmers market, also known as the \"Mercato\" (the Market, in Italian).", "Little Italy, San Diego __knowledge__ The neighborhood has low crime rates when compared with other neighborhoods in Downtown San Diego and is maintained by the Little Italy Neighborhood Association, which looks after trash collection, decorations, and special events.", "Little Italy, Manhattan __knowledge__ Little Italy is a neighborhood in Lower Manhattan, New York City, once known for its large population of Italian Americans.", "Little Italy, Manhattan __knowledge__ Today the neighborhood consists of only a few Italian stores and restaurants.", "Little Italy, Manhattan __knowledge__ It is bounded on the west by Tribeca and Soho, on the south by Chinatown, on the east by the Bowery and Lower East Side, and on the north by Nolita.", "Little Italy, Manhattan __knowledge__ Little Italy on Mulberry Street used to extend as far south as Worth Street, as far north as Houston Street, as far west as Lafayette Street, and as far east as Bowery.", "Little Italy, Manhattan __knowledge__ It is now only three blocks on Mulberry Street.", "Little Italy, Manhattan __knowledge__ Little Italy originated as Mulberry Bend.", "Little Italy, Chicago __knowledge__ Little Italy, now called University Village, is a neighborhood on the Near West Side of Chicago, Illinois.", "Little Italy, Chicago __knowledge__ The current boundaries of Little Italy are Ashland Avenue on the west and Interstate 90/94 on the east, the Eisenhower Expressway on the north and 18th Street to the south.", "Little Italy, Chicago __knowledge__ It lies between the west side of the University of Illinois at Chicago campus in the Illinois Medical District and the east side of the University of Illinois at Chicago campus.", "Little Italy, Chicago __knowledge__ The community was once predomanently Italian immigrants but now is made up of diverse ethnic and socio-economic backgrounds as a result of immigration, urban renewal, gentrification and the growth of the resident student and faculty population of the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC).", "UKTV __knowledge__ UKTV is a British multi-channel broadcaster, jointly owned by BBC Worldwide and Scripps Networks Interactive.", "UKTV __knowledge__ It was formed on 26th March 1992 through a joint venture between BBC and Thames Television.", "UKTV __knowledge__ It is one of the United Kingdom's largest television companies.", "UKTV __knowledge__ UKTV's channels are available via digital satellite and cable subscriptions in the UK and Ireland.", "UKTV __knowledge__ Dave, Drama, Really and Yesterday channels are also available in the UK on Freeview, the free-to-air digital terrestrial television (DTT) service.", "UKTV __knowledge__ Most programmes on the channels are repeat broadcasts of BBC productions, although the entertainment channels also feature some programmes produced by other companies and UKTV have also in recent years, commissioned a tiny minority of their own exclusive programmes.", "Good Food __knowledge__ Good Food is a British lifestyle channel broadcasting in the United Kingdom and Ireland as part of the UKTV network of channels.", "Good Food __knowledge__ The channel originally launched on 5 November 2001 and relaunched in its current format on 22 June 2009.", "Good Food __knowledge__ Good Food is available on satellite through Sky, on cable services, primarily through Virgin Media, and through IPTV with TalkTalk TV, BT TV.", "Good Food __knowledge__ It is available through TVPlayer (When subscribed to TVPlayer Plus).", "Good Food __knowledge__ From 1 December 2015 to 26 December 2015, Good Food was temporarily rebranded as Christmas Food; the campaign resumed from 26 November 2016 to 26 December 2016.", "University Circle __knowledge__ University Circle is a district in the neighborhood of University on the south east side of Cleveland, Ohio.", "University Circle __knowledge__ America's densest concentration of cultural attractions and performing arts venues, it includes such world-class institutions as the Cleveland Museum of Art; Severance Hall, home to the Cleveland Orchestra; the Cleveland Institute of Art; Case Western Reserve University; the Cleveland Institute of Music; the Museum of Contemporary Art Cleveland; the Cleveland Botanical Garden; historic Lake View Cemetery; the Cleveland Museum of Natural History; and University Hospitals/Case Medical Center.", "Chinatown, Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan's Chinatown (; juytping: Maanhaadeon waabou) is a neighborhood in Lower Manhattan, New York City, bordering the Lower East Side to its east, Little Italy to its north, Civic Center to its south, and Tribeca to its west.", "Chinatown, Manhattan __knowledge__ Chinatown is home to the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere.", "Chinatown, Manhattan __knowledge__ With an estimated population of 90,000 to 100,000 people, Manhattan's Chinatown is also one of the oldest Chinese ethnic enclaves.", "Chinatown, Manhattan __knowledge__ The Manhattan Chinatown is one of nine Chinatown neighborhoods in New York City, as well as one of twelve in the New York metropolitan area, which contains the largest ethnic Chinese population outside of Asia, comprising an estimated 819,527 uniracial individuals as of 2014.", "Chinatowns in the United States __knowledge__ This article contains a list of the Chinatowns, which are either officially designated neighborhoods or historically important in the United States.", "Chinatowns in the United States __knowledge__ Historically speaking, many of these Chinatowns were formed in the 1800s and have served as ethnic enclaves.", "Chinatowns in the United States __knowledge__ Chinatowns in the United States have historically been located in the \"big cities\" such as New York City, San Francisco, Boston, Philadelphia, Los Angeles, and Chicago and existed initially as enclaves that ease transition into the American culture.", "Chinatowns in the United States __knowledge__ The earliest Chinatowns tended to be on the west coast while the newer ones are being built in lesser profile cities as opportunities shift.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ Since its founding in 1625 by Dutch traders as New Amsterdam, New York City has been a major destination for immigrants of many nationalities who have formed ethnic enclaves, neighborhoods dominated by one ethnicity.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ Freed African American slaves also moved to New York City in the Great Migration and the later Second Great Migration and formed ethnic enclaves.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ These neighborhoods are set apart from the main city by differences such as food, goods for sale, or even language.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ Ethnic enclaves provide inhabitants security in work and social opportunities, but limit economic opportunities, do not encourage the development of English speaking, and keep immigrants in their own culture.", "Chinatown __knowledge__ A Chinatown () is an ethnic enclave of Chinese or Han people located outside mainland China or Taiwan, most often in an urban setting.", "Chinatown __knowledge__ Areas known as \"Chinatown\" exist throughout the world, including Asia, Australia, the Americas, Africa and Europe.", "Chinatown __knowledge__ The development of most Chinatowns typically resulted from mass migration to an area without any, or with very few Chinese residents.", "Chinatown __knowledge__ Binondo in Manila, established in 1594, is recognised as the world's oldest Chinatown.", "Chinatown __knowledge__ Notable early examples outside Asia include San Francisco's Chinatown in the United States and Melbourne's Chinatown in Australia, which were founded in the mid-19th century during the California gold rush and Victoria gold rush respectively.", "Mott Street __knowledge__ Mott Street () is a narrow but busy thoroughfare that runs in a north–south direction in the New York City borough of Manhattan.", "Mott Street __knowledge__ It is regarded as Chinatown's unofficial \"Main Street\".", "Mott Street __knowledge__ Mott Street runs from Bleecker Street in the north to Chatham Square in the south.", "Mott Street __knowledge__ It is a one-way street with southbound-running vehicular traffic only.", "Mott Street __knowledge__ Ah Ken is reported to have arrived in the area in 1858; he is the first Chinese person credited as having permanently immigrated to Chinatown.", "Mott Street __knowledge__ As a Cantonese businessman, Ah Ken eventually founded a successful cigar store on Park Row.", "Mott Street __knowledge__ He was \"probably one of those Chinese mentioned in gossip of the sixties [1860s] as peddling 'awful' cigars at three cents apiece from little stands along the City Hall park fence – offering a paper spill and a tiny oil lamp as a lighter\", according to author Alvin Harlow in \"Old Bowery Days: The Chronicles of a Famous Street\" (1931).", "Chinatown, Los Angeles __knowledge__ Chinatown is a neighborhood in Downtown Los Angeles, California that became a commercial center for Chinese and other Asian businesses in Central Los Angeles in 1938.", "Chinatown, Los Angeles __knowledge__ The area includes restaurants, shops and art galleries but also has a residential neighborhood with a low-income, aging population of about 10,000 residents.", "Chinatown, Los Angeles __knowledge__ The original Chinatown developed in the late 19th century, but it was demolished to make room for Union Station, the city's major ground-transportation center.", "Chinatown, Los Angeles __knowledge__ A separate commercial center, known as \"New Chinatown,\" opened for business in 1938.", "Chinatown, Los Angeles __knowledge__ There are two schools and a branch library in Chinatown, as well as a city park, a state park and a medical center and hospital." ] ]

[ 1, 29, 18 ]

[ "I live in the city with the most people, I live in New York.", "I like Chinatown too. Also, Little Italy, which is north of Chinatown, is pretty awesome.", "They used to have more but currently they only have a few restaurants. The food is good though." ]

[ "New York City", "New York City", "New York City" ]

[ "Sewing", "That is interesting. I've actually never heard of handicrafts.", "I've always wanted to learn to use a sewing machine. I'm the first generation that doesn't know how to sew. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a needle and thread.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age people across Europe and Asia sewed fur and skin clothing using bone, antler or ivory needles and \"thread\" made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut, and veins.", "Sewing __knowledge__ For thousands of years, all sewing was done by hand.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The invention of the sewing machine in the 19th century and the rise of computerization in the 20th century led to mass production and export of sewn objects, but hand sewing is still practiced around the world.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Fine hand sewing is a characteristic of high-quality tailoring, haute couture fashion, and custom dressmaking, and is pursued by both textile artists and hobbyists as a means of creative expression.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The first known use of the word \"sewing\" was in the 14th century.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing has an ancient history estimated to begin during the Paleolithic Age.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing was used to stitch together animal hides for clothing and for shelter.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The Inuit, for example, used sinew from caribou for thread and needles made of bone; the indigenous peoples of the American Plains and Canadian Prairies used sophisticated sewing methods to assemble tipi shelters." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a needle and thread.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age people across Europe and Asia sewed fur and skin clothing using bone, antler or ivory needles and \"thread\" made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut, and veins.", "Sewing __knowledge__ For thousands of years, all sewing was done by hand.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The invention of the sewing machine in the 19th century and the rise of computerization in the 20th century led to mass production and export of sewn objects, but hand sewing is still practiced around the world.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Fine hand sewing is a characteristic of high-quality tailoring, haute couture fashion, and custom dressmaking, and is pursued by both textile artists and hobbyists as a means of creative expression.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The first known use of the word \"sewing\" was in the 14th century.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing has an ancient history estimated to begin during the Paleolithic Age.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing was used to stitch together animal hides for clothing and for shelter.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The Inuit, for example, used sinew from caribou for thread and needles made of bone; the indigenous peoples of the American Plains and Canadian Prairies used sophisticated sewing methods to assemble tipi shelters.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (, \"Ostān-e Chahār-Mahāl-o Bakhtiyārī\" ) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ It lies in the southwestern part of the country.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ Its capital is Shahr-e Kord.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The province was put as part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ It has an area of 16,332 square kilometers, and had a population of 895,263 in 2011.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The history of the province is tied to that of the Bakhtiari tribe.", "Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province __knowledge__ The Bakhtiari tribe can be divided into two sub-tribes, \"Haft Lang\" and \"Chahar Lang\" with various territorial affiliations and they are the main speakers of Lurish language.", "Canadian Handicrafts Guild __knowledge__ The Canadian Handicrafts Guild was an association of Canadians involved in handicrafts that was founded in Montreal in 1906.", "Canadian Handicrafts Guild __knowledge__ At first the goal was to preserve and market traditional home crafts that were seen as being at risk of dying out.", "Canadian Handicrafts Guild __knowledge__ Demand for high quality products and a shift towards more \"professional\" craftspeople and modern designs placed stress on the organization.", "Canadian Handicrafts Guild __knowledge__ In 1967 the provincial branches became autonomous, and subsequently evolved separately.", "Canadian Handicrafts Guild __knowledge__ At the national level the Guild was merged with the Canadian Craftsman's Association in 1974 to form the Canadian Crafts Council, now the Canadian Crafts Federation.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ \"This Is It\" is a song co-written by American pop star and musician Michael Jackson and Canadian singer-songwriter Paul Anka.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ The song was recorded by the former and featured as a track on the album, \"This Is It\" (2009), which accompanies the 2009 concert documentary \"Michael Jackson's This Is It\".", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ It was premiered worldwide on Jackson's official website on October 12, 2009 four months after his death on June 25, 2009.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ Although Sony Music Entertainment referred to the song as a \"new single\" during its promotion, it was later confirmed that the song would only be sent for airplay, and not be available to buy as a single release.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ The fate of the unlearned, also known as the destiny of the unevangelized, is an eschatological question about the ultimate destiny of people who have not been exposed to a particular theology or doctrine and thus have no opportunity to embrace it.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ The question is whether those who never hear of requirements issued through divine revelations will be punished for failure to abide by those requirements.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ It is sometimes addressed in combination with the similar question of the fate of the unbeliever.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ Differing faith traditions have different responses to the question; in Christianity the fate of the unlearned is related to the question of original sin.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Fair trade is a social movement whose stated goal is to help producers in developing countries achieve better trading conditions and to promote sustainable farming.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Members of the movement advocate the payment of higher prices to exporters, as well as improved social and environmental standards.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ The movement focuses in particular on commodities, or products which are typically exported from developing countries to developed countries, but also consumed in domestic markets (e.g.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Brazil, India and Bangladesh) most notably handicrafts, coffee, cocoa, wine, sugar, fresh fruit, chocolate, flowers and gold.", "Memory implantation __knowledge__ Memory implantation is a technique used in cognitive psychology to investigate human memory.", "Memory implantation __knowledge__ In memory implantation studies researchers make people believe that they remember an event that actually never happened.", "Memory implantation __knowledge__ The false memories that have been successfully implanted in people’s memories include remembering being lost in a mall as a child, taking a hot air balloon ride, and putting slime in a teacher’s desk in primary school.", "Memory implantation __knowledge__ Memory implantation techniques were developed in the 1990s as a way of providing evidence of how easy it is to distort people's memories of past events.", "Memory implantation __knowledge__ Most of the studies on memory implantation were published in the context of the debate about repressed memories and the possible danger of digging for lost memories in therapy.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ A sewing machine is a machine used to stitch fabric and other materials together with thread.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Sewing machines were invented during the first Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work performed in clothing companies.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Since the invention of the first working sewing machine, generally considered to have been the work of Englishman Thomas Saint in 1790, the sewing machine has greatly improved the efficiency and productivity of the clothing industry.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Home sewing machines are designed for one person to sew individual items while using a single stitch type.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ In a modern sewing machine the fabric easily glides in and out of the machine without the inconvenience of needles and thimbles and other such tools used in hand sewing, automating the process of stitching and saving time.", "List of Lilo &amp; Stitch characters __knowledge__ The following are fictional characters from the \"Lilo & Stitch\" franchise.", "List of Lilo &amp; Stitch characters __knowledge__ Stitch (Experiment 626) is one of the two title characters of the \"Lilo & Stitch\" franchise.", "List of Lilo &amp; Stitch characters __knowledge__ Originally an illegal genetic experiment created by mad alien scientist Dr. Jumba Jookiba to cause chaos across the galaxy, he is marked by his short temper and mischievous behavior (traits that endear him to his friend Lilo, who adopted him as her \"dog\").", "List of Lilo &amp; Stitch characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by his creator and the film's co-writer and co-director, Chris Sanders, in all official media, except the \"Stitch!\"", "List of Lilo &amp; Stitch characters __knowledge__ anime, where he is voiced by Ben Diskin for its English dub, and \"Stitch & Ai\", Lilo Pelekai ( ) (literally, \"\"lost\"\" in Hawaiian) is the other title character of the franchise.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik clothing (Yup'ik \"aturaq\" \"aturak\" \"aturat\" , \"aklu\", \"akluq\", \"un’u\" ; also, \"piluguk\" in Unaliq-Pastuliq dialect, \"aklu\", \"cangssagar\", \"un’u\" in Nunivak dialect) refers to the traditional Eskimo-style clothing worn by the Yupik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik clothing for the Chevak Cup'ik-speaking people of Chevak and Cup'ig clothing for the Nunivak Cup'ig-speaking people of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ The traditional clothing system developed and used by the Eskimo peoples is the most effective cold weather clothing developed to date.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik women made clothes and footwear from animal skins (especially hide and fur of marine and land mammals for fur clothing, sometimes birds, also fish), sewn together using needles made from animal bones, walrus ivory, and bird bones such as front part of a crane's foot and threads made from other animal products, such as sinew.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric for use in many types of garments.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting creates multiple loops of yarn, called stitches, in a line or tube.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting has multiple active stitches on the needle at one time.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitted fabric consists of a number of consecutive rows of intermeshing of loops.", "Knitting __knowledge__ As each row progresses, a newly created loop is pulled through one or more loops from the prior row, placed on the gaining needle, and the loops from the prior row are then pulled off the other needle.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting may be done by hand or by using a machine.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Different types of yarns (fibre type, texture, and twist), needle sizes, and stitch types may be used to achieve knitted fabrics with different properties (color, texture, weight, heat retention, look, water resistance, and/or integrity).", "Crochet __knowledge__ \"Not to be confused with Crotchet, the common name for a Quarter note in music.\"", "Crochet __knowledge__ Crochet (; ) is a process of creating fabric by interlocking loops of yarn, thread, or strands of other materials using a crochet hook.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The name is derived from the French term \"crochet\", meaning 'small hook'.", "Crochet __knowledge__ These are made of materials such as metal, wood, or plastic and are manufactured commercially and produced in artisan workshops.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The salient difference between crochet and knitting, beyond the implements used for their production, is that each stitch in crochet is completed before proceeding with the next one, while knitting keeps a large number of stitches open at a time.", "Cross-stitch __knowledge__ Cross-stitch is a form of sewing and a popular form of counted-thread embroidery in which X-shaped stitches in a tiled, raster-like pattern are used to form a picture.", "Cross-stitch __knowledge__ The stitcher counts the threads on a piece of evenweave fabric (such as linen) in each direction so that the stitches are of uniform size and appearance.", "Cross-stitch __knowledge__ This form of cross-stitch is also called counted cross-stitch in order to distinguish it from other forms of cross-stitch.", "Cross-stitch __knowledge__ Sometimes cross-stitch is done on designs printed on the fabric (stamped cross-stitch); the stitcher simply stitches over the printed pattern.", "Cross-stitch __knowledge__ Cross-stitch is also executed on easily countable fabric called aida cloth but the threads are not actually counted." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a needle and thread.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age people across Europe and Asia sewed fur and skin clothing using bone, antler or ivory needles and \"thread\" made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut, and veins.", "Sewing __knowledge__ For thousands of years, all sewing was done by hand.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The invention of the sewing machine in the 19th century and the rise of computerization in the 20th century led to mass production and export of sewn objects, but hand sewing is still practiced around the world.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Fine hand sewing is a characteristic of high-quality tailoring, haute couture fashion, and custom dressmaking, and is pursued by both textile artists and hobbyists as a means of creative expression.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The first known use of the word \"sewing\" was in the 14th century.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing has an ancient history estimated to begin during the Paleolithic Age.", "Sewing __knowledge__ Sewing was used to stitch together animal hides for clothing and for shelter.", "Sewing __knowledge__ The Inuit, for example, used sinew from caribou for thread and needles made of bone; the indigenous peoples of the American Plains and Canadian Prairies used sophisticated sewing methods to assemble tipi shelters.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ A sewing machine is a machine used to stitch fabric and other materials together with thread.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Sewing machines were invented during the first Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work performed in clothing companies.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Since the invention of the first working sewing machine, generally considered to have been the work of Englishman Thomas Saint in 1790, the sewing machine has greatly improved the efficiency and productivity of the clothing industry.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ Home sewing machines are designed for one person to sew individual items while using a single stitch type.", "Sewing machine __knowledge__ In a modern sewing machine the fabric easily glides in and out of the machine without the inconvenience of needles and thimbles and other such tools used in hand sewing, automating the process of stitching and saving time.", "Quilting __knowledge__ Quilting is the process of sewing two or more layers of fabric together to make a thicker padded material, usually to create a quilt or quilted garment.", "Quilting __knowledge__ Typically, quilting is done with three layers: the top fabric or quilt top, batting or insulating material and backing material, but many different styles are adopted.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The process of quilting uses a needle and thread to join two or more layers of material to make a quilt.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The quilter's hand or sewing machine passes the needle and thread through all layers and then brings the needle back up.", "Quilting __knowledge__ The process is repeated across the entire area where quilting is wanted.", "Longarm quilting __knowledge__ Longarm quilting is the process by which a longarm sewing machine is used to sew together a quilt top, quilt batting and quilt backing into a finished quilt.", "Longarm quilting __knowledge__ The longarm sewing machine frame typically ranges from 10 to 14 feet in length (or, 3metres to 4.25 metres).", "Longarm quilting __knowledge__ A complete longarming system typically consists of an industrial length sewing machine head (19 - 30 inches,) a 10 to 14-foot frame, a table with a layer of plastic under which is placed a pantograph, and several rollers on which the fabric layers and batting are attached.", "Longarm quilting __knowledge__ Quilting using a longarm machine can take significantly less time than hand quilting or more traditional machine quilting.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Machine embroidery is an embroidery process whereby a sewing machine or embroidery machine is used to create patterns on textiles.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ It is used commercially in product branding, corporate advertising, and uniform adornment.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ It is also used in the fashion industry to decorate garments and apparel.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Machine embroidery is used by hobbyists and crafters to decorate gifts, clothing, and home decor.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Examples include designs on quilts, pillows, and wall hangings.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ There are multiple types of machine embroidery.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Free-motion sewing machine embroidery uses a basic zigzag sewing machine.", "Machine embroidery __knowledge__ Designs are done manually.", "Singer Model 27 and 127 __knowledge__ The Singer Model 27 and later model 127 were a series of lockstitch sewing machines produced by the Singer Manufacturing Company from the 1880s to the 1960s.", "Singer Model 27 and 127 __knowledge__ (The 27 and the 127 were full-size versions of the Singer 28 and later model 128 which were three-quarter size).", "Singer Model 27 and 127 __knowledge__ They were Singer's first sewing machines to make use of \"vibrating shuttle\" technology.", "Singer Model 27 and 127 __knowledge__ Millions were produced.", "Singer Model 27 and 127 __knowledge__ They are all steel and were built before the advent of planned obsolescence, and so they were designed to be repaired rather than replaced.", "Singer Model 27 and 127 __knowledge__ Consequently many remain today, some in collections and others still in service.", "Singer Corporation __knowledge__ Singer Corporation is an American manufacturer of sewing machines, first established as I. M. Singer & Co. in 1851 by Isaac Merritt Singer with New York lawyer Edward Clark.", "Singer Corporation __knowledge__ Best known for its sewing machines, it was renamed Singer Manufacturing Company in 1865, then The Singer Company in 1963.", "Singer Corporation __knowledge__ It is based in La Vergne, Tennessee, near Nashville.", "Singer Corporation __knowledge__ Its first large factory for mass production was built in Elizabeth, New Jersey, in 1863.", "Singer Corporation __knowledge__ Singer’s original design, which was the first practical sewing machine for general domestic use, incorporated the basic eye-pointed needle and lock stitch developed by Elias Howe, who won a patent-infringement suit against Singer in 1854.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were British.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence.", "Mass production __knowledge__ Mass production, also known as flow production or continuous production, is the production of large amounts of standardized products, including and especially on assembly lines.", "Mass production __knowledge__ Together with job production and batch production, it is one of the three main production methods.", "Mass production __knowledge__ The term \"mass production\" was popularized by a 1926 article in the \"Encyclopædia Britannica\" supplement that was written based on correspondence with Ford Motor Company.", "Mass production __knowledge__ The \"New York Times\" used the term in the title of an article that appeared before publication of the \"Britannica\" article.", "Mass production __knowledge__ The concepts of mass production are applied to various kinds of products, from fluids and particulates handled in bulk (such as food, fuel, chemicals, and mined minerals) to discrete solid parts (such as fasteners) to assemblies of such parts (such as household appliances and automobiles).", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the California coast, the use of ships and the Pacific Ocean has historically included water craft (such as dugouts, canoes, sailing ships, and steamships), fisheries, shipbuilding, Gold Rush shipping, ports, shipwrecks, naval ships and installations, and lighthouses.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ The maritime history of California can be divided into several periods: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1847; and United States statehood period, which continues to the present day.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the northwest coast of California near the redwood forests several Indian tribes developed large dugout canoes they used for fishing, trade and warfare.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend." ] ]

[ 9, 5, 15 ]

[ "Are you big into handicrafts? I really like sewing and it has such an interesting history, apparently we used to stitch animal hides together for clothing.", "I just meant making little hats and what not. I'm more of a hands on person, I don't use a machine even though that's what's led to the mass production of so many sewn objects.", "It's so convenient, because it eliminates the need for needles and thimbles, but it just doesn't have the same feel to me." ]

[ "Sewing", "Sewing", "Sewing" ]

[ "Pepsi\nPepsi is one of the leading softdrink brands and really popular in the north.", "I love their rival Coca-Cola,did you know Pepsi was originally called Brad's Drink?", "Bradham was a phrmacist and he sold it at his soda fountain.", "Right, well if it had cocaine as an ingredient like Coke did, I bet that it gave people a lot of energy!", "Wow! Amazing that these drinks were medicinal when they originated." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pepsi __knowledge__ Pepsi is a carbonated soft drink produced and manufactured by PepsiCo.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ Originally created and developed in 1893 by Caleb Bradham and introduced as Brad's Drink, it was renamed as Pepsi-Cola on August 28, 1898, and then as Pepsi in 1961.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The drink Pepsi was first introduced as \"Brad's Drink\" in New Bern, North Carolina, United States, in 1893 by Caleb Bradham, who made it at his drugstore where the drink was sold.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ It was renamed Pepsi-Cola in 1898 after the root of the word \"dyspepsia\" and the kola nuts used in the recipe.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The original recipe also included sugar and vanilla.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ Bradham sought to create a fountain drink that was appealing and would aid in digestion and boost energy.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ In 1903, Bradham moved the bottling of Pepsi-Cola from his drugstore to a rented warehouse.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ That year, Bradham sold 7,968 gallons of syrup.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The next year, Pepsi was sold in six-ounce bottles, and sales increased to 19,848 gallons.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ In 1909, automobile race pioneer Barney Oldfield was the first celebrity to endorse Pepsi-Cola, describing it as \"A bully drink...refreshing, invigorating, a fine bracer before a race.\"", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The advertising theme \"Delicious and Healthful\" was then used over the next two decades.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ In 1926, Pepsi received its first logo redesign since the original design of 1905.", "PepsiCo __knowledge__ PepsiCo, Inc. is an American multinational food, snack, and beverage corporation headquartered in Purchase, New York.", "PepsiCo __knowledge__ PepsiCo has interests in the manufacturing, marketing, and distribution of grain-based snack foods, beverages, and other products.", "PepsiCo __knowledge__ PepsiCo was formed in 1965 with the merger of the Pepsi-Cola Company and Frito-Lay, Inc. PepsiCo has since expanded from its namesake product Pepsi to a broader range of food and beverage brands, the largest of which included an acquisition of Tropicana Products in 1998 and the Quaker Oats Company in 2001, which added the Gatorade brand to its portfolio.", "Pepsi Globe __knowledge__ The Pepsi Globe is the icon and logo for Pepsi, called as such because of the swirling \"red, white, & blue\" design in a sphere-like shape.", "Pepsi Globe __knowledge__ It is considered one of the world's most recognizable corporate trademarks.", "Pepsi Globe __knowledge__ The Pepsi Globe originated in the 1940s as a logo and icon for Pepsi.", "Pepsi Globe __knowledge__ The colors of the Pepsi Globe are red, white and blue.", "Pepsi Globe __knowledge__ This is one of the most recognizable logos not only in the United States, but also around the world.", "Pepsi Globe __knowledge__ The Pepsi Globe has undergone several changes throughout its inception in the 1940s with the most recent pivot taking place in 2009.", "Pepsi Globe __knowledge__ This change was the most intense in terms of the amount of money and time that went into the branding, marketing, and visual culture involved in the underlying message for the logo.", "Pepsi Max __knowledge__ Pepsi Max (also known as Pepsi Black in some countries) is a low-calorie, sugar-free cola, marketed by PepsiCo as an alternative to their drinks Pepsi and Diet Pepsi.", "Pepsi Max __knowledge__ It is sold primarily in European and Asian markets.", "Pepsi Max __knowledge__ A drink with the same name but different formulation (containing ginseng and higher quantities of caffeine) was sold in the United States until it was renamed \"Pepsi Zero Sugar\" in late 2016.", "Pepsi Max __knowledge__ Pepsi Max debuted in Australia, United Kingdom and Italy in April 1993.", "Pepsi Max __knowledge__ The rollout was expanded to Ireland the following September, and to France, Greece, Spain, Portugal the Netherlands the following December.", "Pepsi Twist __knowledge__ Pepsi Twist was a lemon flavored cola, marketed by PepsiCo as an alternative to regular Pepsi.", "Pepsi Twist __knowledge__ The first incarnation of Pepsi Light was cola and lemon flavor with 50% fewer calories.", "Pepsi Twist __knowledge__ It was soon replaced with lemon-flavored diet cola of the same name in the 1970s and 1980s in the United States called Pepsi Light, which was lemon-flavored by necessity to counteract the aftertaste of the artificial sweetener saccharin.", "Pepsi Twist __knowledge__ When aspartame became more widely available, the lemon flavoring was removed from the newly rechristened Diet Pepsi.", "Pepsi Twist __knowledge__ Pepsi Twist was introduced in the United States on July 12, 2000 and again on June 12, 2001.", "Diet Pepsi __knowledge__ Diet Pepsi and Diet Pepsi Classic Formula Blend are no-calorie carbonated cola soft drinks produced by PepsiCo, introduced in 1964 as a variant of Pepsi-Cola with no sugar.", "Diet Pepsi __knowledge__ First test marketed in 1963 under the name Patio Diet Cola, it was re-branded as \"Diet Pepsi\" the following year, becoming the first diet cola to be distributed on a national scale in the United States.", "Diet Pepsi __knowledge__ In the 1960s and 1970s its competition consisted of Tab, produced by The Coca-Cola Company, and Diet Rite soda, produced by Royal Crown.", "Diet Pepsi __knowledge__ Diet Coke was a later entrant to the diet cola market; though shortly after entering production in 1982 it became the primary competing diet cola to Diet Pepsi.", "Like a Prayer (song) __knowledge__ \"Like a Prayer\" is a song by American singer Madonna, from her fourth studio album of the same name.", "Like a Prayer (song) __knowledge__ Sire Records released it as the album's lead single on March 3, 1989.", "Like a Prayer (song) __knowledge__ Written and produced by Madonna and Patrick Leonard, the track denoted a more artistic and personal approach to songwriting for Madonna, who believed that she needed to cater more to her adult audience.", "Like a Prayer (song) __knowledge__ The song is about a passionate young girl in love with God, who becomes the only male figure in her life.", "Like a Prayer (song) __knowledge__ \"Like a Prayer\" is a pop rock song and incorporates gospel music.", "Like a Prayer (song) __knowledge__ It features background vocals from a choir and also a rock guitar." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pepsi __knowledge__ Pepsi is a carbonated soft drink produced and manufactured by PepsiCo.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ Originally created and developed in 1893 by Caleb Bradham and introduced as Brad's Drink, it was renamed as Pepsi-Cola on August 28, 1898, and then as Pepsi in 1961.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The drink Pepsi was first introduced as \"Brad's Drink\" in New Bern, North Carolina, United States, in 1893 by Caleb Bradham, who made it at his drugstore where the drink was sold.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ It was renamed Pepsi-Cola in 1898 after the root of the word \"dyspepsia\" and the kola nuts used in the recipe.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The original recipe also included sugar and vanilla.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ Bradham sought to create a fountain drink that was appealing and would aid in digestion and boost energy.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ In 1903, Bradham moved the bottling of Pepsi-Cola from his drugstore to a rented warehouse.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ That year, Bradham sold 7,968 gallons of syrup.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The next year, Pepsi was sold in six-ounce bottles, and sales increased to 19,848 gallons.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ In 1909, automobile race pioneer Barney Oldfield was the first celebrity to endorse Pepsi-Cola, describing it as \"A bully drink...refreshing, invigorating, a fine bracer before a race.\"", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The advertising theme \"Delicious and Healthful\" was then used over the next two decades.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ In 1926, Pepsi received its first logo redesign since the original design of 1905.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ Coca-Cola, or Coke, is a carbonated soft drink produced by The Coca-Cola Company.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ Originally intended as a patent medicine, it was invented in the late 19th century by John Pemberton and was bought out by businessman Asa Griggs Candler, whose marketing tactics led Coca-Cola to its dominance of the world soft-drink market throughout the 20th century.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ The drink's name refers to two of its original ingredients, which were kola nuts (a source of caffeine) and coca leaves.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ The current formula of Coca-Cola remains a trade secret, although a variety of reported recipes and experimental recreations have been published.", "New Coke __knowledge__ New Coke was the unofficial name for the reformulation of Coca-Cola introduced in April 1985 by the Coca-Cola Company to replace the original formula of its flagship soft drink, Coca-Cola (also called Coke).", "New Coke __knowledge__ New Coke originally had no separate name of its own but was simply known as \"the new taste of Coca-Cola\" until 1992, when it was renamed Coke Ⅱ. Coca-Cola's market share had been losing ground to diet soft drinks and non-cola beverages for many years.", "New Coke __knowledge__ Consumers who were purchasing regular colas seemed to prefer the sweeter taste of rival Pepsi-Cola, as Coca-Cola learned in conducting blind taste tests.", "The Coca-Cola Company __knowledge__ The Coca-Cola Company, which is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, but incorporated in Wilmington, Delaware, is an American multinational beverage corporation, and manufacturer, retailer, and marketer of nonalcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups.", "The Coca-Cola Company __knowledge__ The company is best known for its flagship product Coca-Cola, invented in 1886 by pharmacist John Stith Pemberton in Columbus, Georgia.", "The Coca-Cola Company __knowledge__ The Coca-Cola formula and brand were bought in 1889 by Asa Griggs Candler (December 30, 1851 – March 12, 1929), who incorporated The Coca-Cola Company in 1892.", "The Coca-Cola Company __knowledge__ The company has operated a franchised distribution system since 1889, wherein The Coca-Cola Company only produces syrup concentrate, which is then sold to various bottlers throughout the world who hold exclusive territories.", "John Sculley __knowledge__ John Sculley III (; born April 6, 1939) is an American businessman, entrepreneur and investor in high-tech startups.", "John Sculley __knowledge__ Sculley was vice-president (1970–1977) and president of Pepsi-Cola (1977–1983), until he became chief executive officer of Apple Inc. on April 8, 1983, a position he held until leaving in 1993.", "John Sculley __knowledge__ In May 1987, Sculley was named Silicon Valley's top-paid executive, with an annual salary of US$10.2 million.", "John Sculley __knowledge__ Sales at Apple increased from $800 million to $8 billion under Sculley's management, although many attribute his success to the fact that Sculley joined the company just when Steve Jobs's visions and Steve Wozniak's creations had become highly lucrative.", "Criticism of Coca-Cola __knowledge__ Criticism of Coca-Cola dates back to its first ever product, invented by Doctor John Stith-Pemberton in 1886.", "Criticism of Coca-Cola __knowledge__ The Coca-Cola Company is one of the most renowned beverage companies in the world.", "Criticism of Coca-Cola __knowledge__ It owns the majority of the soft drink market around the world, distributing roughly 160 different products.", "Criticism of Coca-Cola __knowledge__ According to \"Forbes Magazine\", Coca-Cola is one of the world's most innovative companies with a net worth of 192.8 billion.", "Criticism of Coca-Cola __knowledge__ Since the early 2000s, the criticisms over the use of Coca-Cola products as well as the company itself, escalated with concerns over health effects, environmental issues, animal testing, economic business practices and employee issues.", "PepsiCo __knowledge__ PepsiCo, Inc. is an American multinational food, snack, and beverage corporation headquartered in Purchase, New York.", "PepsiCo __knowledge__ PepsiCo has interests in the manufacturing, marketing, and distribution of grain-based snack foods, beverages, and other products.", "PepsiCo __knowledge__ PepsiCo was formed in 1965 with the merger of the Pepsi-Cola Company and Frito-Lay, Inc. PepsiCo has since expanded from its namesake product Pepsi to a broader range of food and beverage brands, the largest of which included an acquisition of Tropicana Products in 1998 and the Quaker Oats Company in 2001, which added the Gatorade brand to its portfolio.", "Pepsi Globe __knowledge__ The Pepsi Globe is the icon and logo for Pepsi, called as such because of the swirling \"red, white, & blue\" design in a sphere-like shape.", "Pepsi Globe __knowledge__ It is considered one of the world's most recognizable corporate trademarks.", "Pepsi Globe __knowledge__ The Pepsi Globe originated in the 1940s as a logo and icon for Pepsi.", "Pepsi Globe __knowledge__ The colors of the Pepsi Globe are red, white and blue.", "Pepsi Globe __knowledge__ This is one of the most recognizable logos not only in the United States, but also around the world.", "Pepsi Globe __knowledge__ The Pepsi Globe has undergone several changes throughout its inception in the 1940s with the most recent pivot taking place in 2009.", "Pepsi Globe __knowledge__ This change was the most intense in terms of the amount of money and time that went into the branding, marketing, and visual culture involved in the underlying message for the logo.", "KFC Original Recipe __knowledge__ The KFC Original Recipe is the secret mix of ingredients that fast food restaurant chain KFC uses to produce fried chicken.", "KFC Original Recipe __knowledge__ By the late 1930s, Harland Sanders' Corbin, Kentucky gas station was so well known for his fried chicken, that Sanders decided to remove the gas pumps and build a restaurant and motel in its place.", "KFC Original Recipe __knowledge__ While perfecting his secret recipe with 11 herbs and spices, Sanders found that pan frying chicken was too slow, requiring 30 minutes per order.", "KFC Original Recipe __knowledge__ French frying the chicken in a wire basket immersed in deep fat required half the time, but produced dry, unevenly done chicken.", "KFC Original Recipe __knowledge__ In 1939 he found that using a pressure cooker produced tasty, moist chicken in eight or nine minutes.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Diet Pepsi __knowledge__ Diet Pepsi and Diet Pepsi Classic Formula Blend are no-calorie carbonated cola soft drinks produced by PepsiCo, introduced in 1964 as a variant of Pepsi-Cola with no sugar.", "Diet Pepsi __knowledge__ First test marketed in 1963 under the name Patio Diet Cola, it was re-branded as \"Diet Pepsi\" the following year, becoming the first diet cola to be distributed on a national scale in the United States.", "Diet Pepsi __knowledge__ In the 1960s and 1970s its competition consisted of Tab, produced by The Coca-Cola Company, and Diet Rite soda, produced by Royal Crown.", "Diet Pepsi __knowledge__ Diet Coke was a later entrant to the diet cola market; though shortly after entering production in 1982 it became the primary competing diet cola to Diet Pepsi.", "Pepsi Max __knowledge__ Pepsi Max (also known as Pepsi Black in some countries) is a low-calorie, sugar-free cola, marketed by PepsiCo as an alternative to their drinks Pepsi and Diet Pepsi.", "Pepsi Max __knowledge__ It is sold primarily in European and Asian markets.", "Pepsi Max __knowledge__ A drink with the same name but different formulation (containing ginseng and higher quantities of caffeine) was sold in the United States until it was renamed \"Pepsi Zero Sugar\" in late 2016.", "Pepsi Max __knowledge__ Pepsi Max debuted in Australia, United Kingdom and Italy in April 1993.", "Pepsi Max __knowledge__ The rollout was expanded to Ireland the following September, and to France, Greece, Spain, Portugal the Netherlands the following December." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pepsi __knowledge__ Pepsi is a carbonated soft drink produced and manufactured by PepsiCo.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ Originally created and developed in 1893 by Caleb Bradham and introduced as Brad's Drink, it was renamed as Pepsi-Cola on August 28, 1898, and then as Pepsi in 1961.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The drink Pepsi was first introduced as \"Brad's Drink\" in New Bern, North Carolina, United States, in 1893 by Caleb Bradham, who made it at his drugstore where the drink was sold.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ It was renamed Pepsi-Cola in 1898 after the root of the word \"dyspepsia\" and the kola nuts used in the recipe.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The original recipe also included sugar and vanilla.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ Bradham sought to create a fountain drink that was appealing and would aid in digestion and boost energy.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ In 1903, Bradham moved the bottling of Pepsi-Cola from his drugstore to a rented warehouse.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ That year, Bradham sold 7,968 gallons of syrup.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The next year, Pepsi was sold in six-ounce bottles, and sales increased to 19,848 gallons.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ In 1909, automobile race pioneer Barney Oldfield was the first celebrity to endorse Pepsi-Cola, describing it as \"A bully drink...refreshing, invigorating, a fine bracer before a race.\"", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The advertising theme \"Delicious and Healthful\" was then used over the next two decades.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ In 1926, Pepsi received its first logo redesign since the original design of 1905.", "Caleb Bradham __knowledge__ Caleb Davis Bradham (May 27, 1867 – February 19, 1934) was an American pharmacist, best known as the inventor of Pepsi.", "Caleb Bradham __knowledge__ Caleb Davis Bradham was born May 27, 1867 to George Washington and Julia McCann Bradham in Chinquapin, North Carolina.", "Caleb Bradham __knowledge__ Bradham was of English and Scotch-Irish descent.", "Caleb Bradham __knowledge__ He graduated from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill where he was a member of the Philanthropic Society, and attended the University of Maryland School of Medicine.", "Caleb Bradham __knowledge__ Circa 1890, he dropped out of the University of Maryland School of Medicine, owing to his father's business going bankrupt.", "Caleb Bradham __knowledge__ After returning to North Carolina, he was a public school teacher for about a year, and soon thereafter opened a drug store in New Bern named the \"Bradham Drug Company\" that, like many other drug stores of the time, also housed a soda fountain.", "Soda fountain __knowledge__ A soda fountain is a device that dispenses carbonated soft drinks, called fountain drinks.", "Soda fountain __knowledge__ They can be found in restaurants, concession stands and other locations such as convenience stores.", "Soda fountain __knowledge__ The device combines flavored syrup or syrup concentrate and carbon dioxide with chilled and purified water to make soft drinks, either manually, or in a vending machine which is essentially an automated soda fountain that is operated using a soda gun.", "Soda fountain __knowledge__ Today, the syrup often is pumped from a special container called a bag-in-box (BIB).", "Soda fountain __knowledge__ A soda fountain is also referred to as a \"postmix machine\" in some markets.", "Nigel Bradham __knowledge__ Nigel Bradham (born September 4, 1989) is an American football linebacker for the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL).", "Nigel Bradham __knowledge__ He played college football at Florida State University.", "Nigel Bradham __knowledge__ He was drafted by the Buffalo Bills in the fourth round of the 2012 NFL draft.", "Nigel Bradham __knowledge__ At Wakulla High School, Bradham had consecutive 145-tackle seasons, including a senior campaign in which he also registered 12 sacks and four defensive touchdowns in leading Wakulla to a district championship and a first-round playoff berth, where they lost 13–8 to Panama City Beach Arnold.", "Nigel Bradham __knowledge__ As a junior, he tallied 145 tackles, eight sacks, and four interceptions, two of which he returned for TDs.", "Disney Store __knowledge__ The Disney Store is an international chain of specialty stores selling only Disney related items, many of them exclusive, under its own name and Disney Outlet.", "Disney Store __knowledge__ Disney Store is a business unit of Disney Consumer Products and Interactive Media.", "Disney Store __knowledge__ Disney Store was the first \"retail-tainment\", or entertainment store.", "Disney Store __knowledge__ The company had operated a number of store chains beyond its flagship Disney Store chain, ESPN-The Store, Mickey's Kitchen restaurant.", "Disney Store __knowledge__ Currently, the company operates the stand-alone stores, Disney Baby, Walt Disney Gallery and Disney's Soda Fountain and Studio Store.", "Disney Store __knowledge__ Disney Store was a partner for Disney at Harrods, which included a Bibbidi Bobbidi Boutique salon .", "Soft drink __knowledge__ A soft drink (see terminology for other names) is a drink that typically contains carbonated water (although lemonade, among others, is usually not carbonated), a sweetener, and a natural or artificial flavoring.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ The sweetener may be sugar, high-fructose corn syrup, fruit juice, sugar substitutes (in the case of diet drinks), or some combination of these.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Soft drinks may also contain caffeine, colorings, preservatives, and other ingredients.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Soft drinks are called \"soft\" in contrast with \"hard\" alcoholic beverages.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Small amounts of alcohol may be present in a soft drink, but the alcohol content must be less than 0.5% of the total volume if the drink is to be considered non-alcoholic.", "Soda jerk __knowledge__ A soda jerk (or soda jerker) is a person—typically a youth—who operates the soda fountain in a drugstore, often for the purpose of preparing and serving flavored soda water or an ice cream soda.", "Soda jerk __knowledge__ This was made by putting flavored syrup into a specially designed tall glass, adding carbonated water and, finally, one or two scoops of ice cream.", "Soda jerk __knowledge__ The result was served with a long-handled spoon, most commonly known as a \"soda spoon\", and drinking straws.", "Soda jerk __knowledge__ The term 'soda jerk' was a pun on 'soda clerk', the formal job title of the drugstore assistants who operated soda fountains, and was inspired by the \"jerking\" action the server would use to swing the soda fountain handle back and forth when adding the soda water.", "Bayard Wootten __knowledge__ Mary Bayard Morgan Wootten (1875–1959) was an American photographer She named Pepsi Cola and created its iconic logo for her neighbor Caleb Bradham who invented the drink.", "Bayard Wootten __knowledge__ Wootten was the first woman to make a photograph from an airplane in 1914, in her home town of New Bern North Carolina.", "Bayard Wootten __knowledge__ Wootten was the first woman in the National Guard, making the rank of, Adjutant General and Chief of publicity.", "Bayard Wootten __knowledge__ Her uncle was North Carolina Congressman, Hap Barden.", "Bayard Wootten __knowledge__ Wootten utilized Barden's power by providing images she made of a deteriorating Camp Bragg.", "Bayard Wootten __knowledge__ Her images of soldiers living in squalor, saved Camp Bragg from closure.", "Slover-Bradham House __knowledge__ Slover-Bradham House is a historic house located at New Bern, Craven County, North Carolina.", "Slover-Bradham House __knowledge__ It was built about 1848, and is a three-story, Renaissance style brick dwelling with a low hipped roof.", "Slover-Bradham House __knowledge__ During the American Civil War, under the direction of General Ambrose Burnside it served as headquarters of the Eighteenth Army Corps and the Department of North Carolina.", "Slover-Bradham House __knowledge__ Pepsi Cola inventor Caleb Bradham owned the house from 1908 until 1934.", "Slover-Bradham House __knowledge__ It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.", "Jones-Jarvis House __knowledge__ Jones-Jarvis House, also known as General Foster's Headquarters and Jarvis-Slover House, is a historic home located at New Bern, Craven County, North Carolina.", "Jones-Jarvis House __knowledge__ It was built about 1810, and is a 2 1/2-story, three bay, side-hall plan, Federal style brick dwelling.", "Jones-Jarvis House __knowledge__ It has a one-story brick and frame rear wing.", "Jones-Jarvis House __knowledge__ During the American Civil War, General John G. Foster moved into this house, and it served first as his residence and later as part of the headquarters of the Eighteenth Army Corps.", "Jones-Jarvis House __knowledge__ It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.", "Jones-Jarvis House __knowledge__ The Jones-Jarvis House is one of New Bern’s outstanding examples of federal architecture.", "West Salem, Illinois __knowledge__ West Salem is a village in Edwards County, Illinois, United States.", "West Salem, Illinois __knowledge__ The population was 897 at the 2010 census, down from 1,001 at the 2000 census.", "West Salem, Illinois __knowledge__ According to tradition, in 1830 a man named Walser traveled through the area where the town later was located.", "West Salem, Illinois __knowledge__ When he returned home to Salem, North Carolina, he told of the beautiful forests, prairies, streams, and wild game he had seen.", "West Salem, Illinois __knowledge__ A number of Moravian families, hearing these reports, moved from North Carolina to take up land in this area.", "West Salem, Illinois __knowledge__ The earliest of these settlers was Adam Hedrick, who purchased his land on August 25, 1830.", "West Salem, Illinois __knowledge__ Second was Peter Hinkle, who claimed his land on May 30, 1831." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pepsi __knowledge__ Pepsi is a carbonated soft drink produced and manufactured by PepsiCo.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ Originally created and developed in 1893 by Caleb Bradham and introduced as Brad's Drink, it was renamed as Pepsi-Cola on August 28, 1898, and then as Pepsi in 1961.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The drink Pepsi was first introduced as \"Brad's Drink\" in New Bern, North Carolina, United States, in 1893 by Caleb Bradham, who made it at his drugstore where the drink was sold.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ It was renamed Pepsi-Cola in 1898 after the root of the word \"dyspepsia\" and the kola nuts used in the recipe.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The original recipe also included sugar and vanilla.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ Bradham sought to create a fountain drink that was appealing and would aid in digestion and boost energy.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ In 1903, Bradham moved the bottling of Pepsi-Cola from his drugstore to a rented warehouse.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ That year, Bradham sold 7,968 gallons of syrup.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The next year, Pepsi was sold in six-ounce bottles, and sales increased to 19,848 gallons.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ In 1909, automobile race pioneer Barney Oldfield was the first celebrity to endorse Pepsi-Cola, describing it as \"A bully drink...refreshing, invigorating, a fine bracer before a race.\"", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The advertising theme \"Delicious and Healthful\" was then used over the next two decades.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ In 1926, Pepsi received its first logo redesign since the original design of 1905.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ Coca-Cola, or Coke, is a carbonated soft drink produced by The Coca-Cola Company.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ Originally intended as a patent medicine, it was invented in the late 19th century by John Pemberton and was bought out by businessman Asa Griggs Candler, whose marketing tactics led Coca-Cola to its dominance of the world soft-drink market throughout the 20th century.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ The drink's name refers to two of its original ingredients, which were kola nuts (a source of caffeine) and coca leaves.", "Coca-Cola __knowledge__ The current formula of Coca-Cola remains a trade secret, although a variety of reported recipes and experimental recreations have been published.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ Cocaine, also known as coke, is a strong stimulant mostly used as a recreational drug.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ It is commonly snorted, inhaled as smoke, or as a solution injected into a vein.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ Mental effects may include loss of contact with reality, an intense feeling of happiness, or agitation.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ Physical symptoms may include a fast heart rate, sweating, and large pupils.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ High doses can result in very high blood pressure or body temperature.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ Effects begin within seconds to minutes of use and last between five and ninety minutes.", "Cocaine __knowledge__ Cocaine has a small number of accepted medical uses such as numbing and decreasing bleeding during nasal surgery.", "Edward Coke __knowledge__ Sir Edward Coke ( \"cook\", ; 1 February 1552 – 3 September 1634) was an English barrister, judge and, later, opposition politician, who is considered to be the greatest jurist of the Elizabethan and Jacobean eras.", "Edward Coke __knowledge__ Born into a middle-class family, Coke was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, before leaving to study at the Inner Temple, where he was called to the Bar on 20 April 1578.", "Edward Coke __knowledge__ As a barrister he took part in several notable cases, including \"Slade's Case\", before earning enough political favour to be elected to Parliament, where he served first as Solicitor General and then as Speaker of the House of Commons.", "Chinx __knowledge__ Lionel Pickens (December 4, 1983 – May 17, 2015), better known by his stage name Chinx (formerly Chinx Drugz), was an American hip hop recording artist from Queens, New York.", "Chinx __knowledge__ He was a member of the Rockaway Riot Squad alongside fellow slain rapper Stack Bundles.", "Chinx __knowledge__ Chinx later joined French Montana's Coke Boys Records.", "Chinx __knowledge__ He was best known for his appearances on the \"Coke Boys\" mixtapes and the \"Cocaine Riot\" mixtape series.", "Chinx __knowledge__ He was killed by an unknown assailant through a fatal gunshot wound after a drive-by shooting in Jamaica, Queens, on May 17, 2015.", "Chinx __knowledge__ Chinx was born and raised in Far Rockaway, living in both Redfern Houses and Edgemere Houses, now known as Ocean Bay Apartments.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "New Coke __knowledge__ New Coke was the unofficial name for the reformulation of Coca-Cola introduced in April 1985 by the Coca-Cola Company to replace the original formula of its flagship soft drink, Coca-Cola (also called Coke).", "New Coke __knowledge__ New Coke originally had no separate name of its own but was simply known as \"the new taste of Coca-Cola\" until 1992, when it was renamed Coke Ⅱ. Coca-Cola's market share had been losing ground to diet soft drinks and non-cola beverages for many years.", "New Coke __knowledge__ Consumers who were purchasing regular colas seemed to prefer the sweeter taste of rival Pepsi-Cola, as Coca-Cola learned in conducting blind taste tests.", "Coca __knowledge__ Coca is any of the four cultivated plants in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to western South America.", "Coca __knowledge__ The plant is grown as a cash crop in Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru, even in areas where its cultivation is unlawful.", "Coca __knowledge__ There are some reports that the plant is being cultivated in the south of Mexico as a cash crop and an alternative to smuggling its recreational product cocaine.", "Coca __knowledge__ It also plays a role in many traditional Andean cultures as well as the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (see Traditional uses).", "Coca __knowledge__ Coca is known throughout the world for its psychoactive alkaloid, cocaine.", "Anaerobic digestion __knowledge__ Anaerobic digestion is a collection of processes by which microorganisms break down biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen.", "Anaerobic digestion __knowledge__ The process is used for industrial or domestic purposes to manage waste or to produce fuels.", "Anaerobic digestion __knowledge__ Much of the fermentation used industrially to produce food and drink products, as well as home fermentation, uses anaerobic digestion.", "Anaerobic digestion __knowledge__ Anaerobic digestion occurs naturally in some soils and in lake and oceanic basin sediments, where it is usually referred to as \"anaerobic activity\".", "Anaerobic digestion __knowledge__ This is the source of marsh gas methane as discovered by Alessandro Volta in 1776.", "Anaerobic digestion __knowledge__ The digestion process begins with bacterial hydrolysis of the input materials.", "Adidas __knowledge__ Adidas AG () (stylised as ɑdidɑs since 1949) is a multinational corporation, founded and headquartered in Herzogenaurach, Germany, that designs and manufactures shoes, clothing and accessories.", "Adidas __knowledge__ It is the largest sportswear manufacturer in Europe, and the second largest in the world, after Nike.", "Adidas __knowledge__ It is the holding company for the Adidas Group, which consists of the Reebok sportswear company, TaylorMade golf company (including Ashworth), Runtastic, an Austrian fitness technology company, and 8.33% of Bayern Munich, the football club.", "Adidas __knowledge__ Adidas' revenue for 2016 was listed at €19.29 billion.", "Adidas __knowledge__ The company was started by Adolf Dassler in his mother's house; he was joined by his elder brother Rudolf in 1924 under the name Dassler Brothers Shoe Factory.", "Digestion __knowledge__ Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma.", "Digestion __knowledge__ In certain organisms, these smaller substances are absorbed through the small intestine into the blood stream.", "Digestion __knowledge__ Digestion is a form of catabolism that is often divided into two processes based on how food is broken down: mechanical and chemical digestion.", "Digestion __knowledge__ The term mechanical digestion refers to the physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces which can subsequently be accessed by digestive enzymes.", "Digestion __knowledge__ In chemical digestion, enzymes break down food into the small molecules the body can use.", "Extracellular digestion __knowledge__ Extracellular digestion is a process in which saprobionts feed by secreting enzymes through the cell membrane onto the food.", "Extracellular digestion __knowledge__ The enzymes catalyze the digestion of the food into molecules small enough to be taken up by passive diffusion, transport or phagocytosis.", "Extracellular digestion __knowledge__ Since digestion occurs outside the cell, it is said to be extracellular.", "Extracellular digestion __knowledge__ It takes place either in the lumen of the digestive system, in a gastric cavity or other digestive organ, or completely outside the body.", "Extracellular digestion __knowledge__ The prefix \"extra\" means \"outside\", and indicates that extracellular digestion must occur outside the cell.", "Extracellular digestion __knowledge__ During extracellular digestion, food is broken down outside the cell either mechanically or with acid by special molecules called enzymes.", "Reptile __knowledge__ Reptiles are tetrapod animals in the class Reptilia, comprising today's turtles, crocodilians, snakes, amphisbaenians, lizards, tuatara, and their extinct relatives.", "Reptile __knowledge__ The study of these traditional reptile orders, historically combined with that of modern amphibians, is called herpetology.", "Reptile __knowledge__ Because some reptiles are more closely related to birds than they are to other reptiles (e.g., crocodiles are more closely related to birds than they are to lizards), the traditional groups of \"reptiles\" listed above do not together constitute a monophyletic grouping (or clade).", "Reptile __knowledge__ For this reason, many modern scientists prefer to consider the birds part of Reptilia as well, thereby making Reptilia a monophyletic class.", "The Formation of Vegetable Mould through the Action of Worms __knowledge__ The Formation of Vegetable Mould through the Action of Worms, with Observations on their Habits (sometimes shortened to \"Worms\") is an 1881 book by Charles Darwin on earthworms.", "The Formation of Vegetable Mould through the Action of Worms __knowledge__ It was his last scientific book, and was published shortly before his death (see Darwin from Insectivorous Plants to Worms).", "The Formation of Vegetable Mould through the Action of Worms __knowledge__ Exploring earthworm behaviour and ecology, it continued the theme common throughout his work that gradual changes over long periods of time can lead to large and sometimes surprising consequences.", "The Formation of Vegetable Mould through the Action of Worms __knowledge__ It was the first significant work on soil bioturbation, although that term was not used by Darwin (it first appeared in the soil and geomorphic literature one hundred years later).", "In-gel digestion __knowledge__ The in-gel digestion is part of the sample preparation for the mass spectrometric identification of proteins in course of proteomic analysis.", "In-gel digestion __knowledge__ The method was introduced in 1992 by Rosenfeld.", "In-gel digestion __knowledge__ Innumerable modifications and improvements in the basic elements of the procedure remain.", "In-gel digestion __knowledge__ The in-gel digestion primarily comprises the four steps destaining, reduction and alkylation (R&A) of the cysteines in the protein, proteolytic cleavage of the protein and extraction of the generated peptides.", "In-gel digestion __knowledge__ Proteins which were separated by 1D or 2D PAGE are usually visualised by staining with dyes like Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) or silver." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pepsi __knowledge__ Pepsi is a carbonated soft drink produced and manufactured by PepsiCo.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ Originally created and developed in 1893 by Caleb Bradham and introduced as Brad's Drink, it was renamed as Pepsi-Cola on August 28, 1898, and then as Pepsi in 1961.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The drink Pepsi was first introduced as \"Brad's Drink\" in New Bern, North Carolina, United States, in 1893 by Caleb Bradham, who made it at his drugstore where the drink was sold.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ It was renamed Pepsi-Cola in 1898 after the root of the word \"dyspepsia\" and the kola nuts used in the recipe.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The original recipe also included sugar and vanilla.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ Bradham sought to create a fountain drink that was appealing and would aid in digestion and boost energy.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ In 1903, Bradham moved the bottling of Pepsi-Cola from his drugstore to a rented warehouse.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ That year, Bradham sold 7,968 gallons of syrup.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The next year, Pepsi was sold in six-ounce bottles, and sales increased to 19,848 gallons.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ In 1909, automobile race pioneer Barney Oldfield was the first celebrity to endorse Pepsi-Cola, describing it as \"A bully drink...refreshing, invigorating, a fine bracer before a race.\"", "Pepsi __knowledge__ The advertising theme \"Delicious and Healthful\" was then used over the next two decades.", "Pepsi __knowledge__ In 1926, Pepsi received its first logo redesign since the original design of 1905.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ A soft drink (see terminology for other names) is a drink that typically contains carbonated water (although lemonade, among others, is usually not carbonated), a sweetener, and a natural or artificial flavoring.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ The sweetener may be sugar, high-fructose corn syrup, fruit juice, sugar substitutes (in the case of diet drinks), or some combination of these.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Soft drinks may also contain caffeine, colorings, preservatives, and other ingredients.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Soft drinks are called \"soft\" in contrast with \"hard\" alcoholic beverages.", "Soft drink __knowledge__ Small amounts of alcohol may be present in a soft drink, but the alcohol content must be less than 0.5% of the total volume if the drink is to be considered non-alcoholic.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "Maple syrup __knowledge__ Maple syrup is a syrup usually made from the xylem sap of sugar maple, red maple, or black maple trees, although it can also be made from other maple species.", "Maple syrup __knowledge__ In cold climates, these trees store starch in their trunks and roots before the winter; the starch is then converted to sugar that rises in the sap in late winter and early spring.", "Maple syrup __knowledge__ Maple trees are tapped by drilling holes into their trunks and collecting the exuded sap, which is processed by heating to evaporate much of the water, leaving the concentrated syrup.", "Maple syrup __knowledge__ Maple syrup was first collected and used by the indigenous peoples of North America, and the practice was adopted by European settlers, who gradually refined production methods.", "Thirlmere __knowledge__ Thirlmere is a reservoir in the Borough of Allerdale in Cumbria and the English Lake District.", "Thirlmere __knowledge__ The Helvellyn ridge lies to the east of Thirlmere.", "Thirlmere __knowledge__ To the west of Thirlmere are a number of fells; for instance, Armboth Fell and Raven Crag both of which give views of the lake and of Helvellyn beyond.", "Thirlmere __knowledge__ It runs roughly south to north and is bordered on the eastern side for much of its length by the A591 road and on the western side by a minor road.", "Thirlmere __knowledge__ It occupies the site of a former natural lake: this had a fordable waist so narrow that it was (and is) sometimes regarded as two lakes.", "Thirlmere __knowledge__ In the 19th century Manchester Corporation constructed a dam at the northern end, raising the water level, flooding the valley bottom, and creating a reservoir to provide the growing industrial city of Manchester with water supplies via the 96 mile-long Thirlmere Aqueduct.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "Porsche 968 __knowledge__ The Porsche 968 is a sports car made by Porsche AG from 1992 to 1995.", "Porsche 968 __knowledge__ It was the final evolution of a line of water-cooled front-engined rear wheel drive models begun almost 20 years earlier with the 924, taking over the entry-level position in the company lineup from the 944 with which it shared about 20% of its parts.", "Porsche 968 __knowledge__ The 968 was Porsche's last new front-engined vehicle before the introduction of the Cayenne SUV in 2003.", "Porsche 968 __knowledge__ Porsche's 944 model debuted for the 1982 model year, was updated as \"944S\" in 1987 and as \"944S2\" in 1989.", "Porsche 968 __knowledge__ Shortly after the start of production of the S2 variant, Porsche engineers began working on another set of significant upgrades for the model, as executives were planning a final \"S3\" variant of the 944.", "Ethanol fuel in Brazil __knowledge__ Brazil is the world's second largest producer of ethanol fuel.", "Ethanol fuel in Brazil __knowledge__ Brazil and the United States led the industrial production of ethanol fuel in 2014, together accounting for 83.4 percent of the world's production.", "Ethanol fuel in Brazil __knowledge__ In 2014 Brazil produced 23.4 billion liters (6.19 billion U.S. liquid gallons), representing 25.2 percent of the world's total ethanol used as fuel.", "Ethanol fuel in Brazil __knowledge__ Brazil is considered to have the world's first sustainable biofuels economy and the biofuel industry leader, a policy model for other countries; and its sugarcane ethanol \"the most successful alternative fuel to date.\"", "Ethanol fuel in Brazil __knowledge__ However, some authors consider that the successful Brazilian ethanol model is sustainable only in Brazil due to its advanced agri-industrial technology and its enormous amount of arable land available; while according to other authors it is a solution only for some countries in the tropical zone of Latin America, the Caribbean, and Africa.", "Golden syrup __knowledge__ Golden syrup or light treacle is a thick, amber-coloured form of inverted sugar syrup made in the process of refining sugar cane or sugar beet juice into sugar, or by treatment of a sugar solution with acid.", "Golden syrup __knowledge__ It is used in a variety of baking recipes and desserts.", "Golden syrup __knowledge__ It has an appearance similar to honey and is often used as a substitute where honey is unavailable or prohibitively expensive.", "Golden syrup __knowledge__ Many vegans also use it as a honey substitute.", "Golden syrup __knowledge__ It is not to be confused with amber corn syrup or amber molasses.", "Golden syrup __knowledge__ Regular molasses, or dark treacle, has both a richer colour and a strong, distinctive flavour.", "Golden syrup __knowledge__ The sugar cane refining process produced a treacle-like syrup that usually went to waste." ] ]

[ 5, 2, 6, 8, 9 ]

[ "Pepsi's original recipe included sugar and vanilla. Pepsi is so tasty!", "Yes! It was created in 1893 by Caleb Bradham, and renamed in 1898.", "It was interesting how it was originally marketed, for it's digestion aid and to boost energy.", "That's for sure, he managed to sell 7,968 gallons of syrup in 1903. I bet it was really sought after.", "In 1904, he added in small six-ounce bottles and increased sales to 19,848 gallons, nearly triple!" ]

[ "Pepsi", "Pepsi", "Pepsi", "Pepsi", "Pepsi" ]

[ "Italian cuisine", "I love italian food. Espcially veal parm and garlic rolls.", "OOOHHHH. I love raviolis as well. With grated cheese on top is the bomb!", "Your lucky to have great restaurants near you. I love angel hair pasta." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is characterized by its simplicity, with many dishes having only two to four main ingredients.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cooks rely chiefly on the quality of the ingredients rather than on elaborate preparation.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Ingredients and dishes vary by region.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Many dishes that were once regional, have proliferated with variations throughout the country.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Pasta, vegetables, olive oil and fish are a major part of the Italian cuisine.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is probably the most important expression of the Mediterranean diet.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine has developed over the centuries.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Although the country known as Italy did not unite until the 19th century, the cuisine can claim traceable roots as far back as the 4th century BCE." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is characterized by its simplicity, with many dishes having only two to four main ingredients.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cooks rely chiefly on the quality of the ingredients rather than on elaborate preparation.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Ingredients and dishes vary by region.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Many dishes that were once regional, have proliferated with variations throughout the country.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Pasta, vegetables, olive oil and fish are a major part of the Italian cuisine.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is probably the most important expression of the Mediterranean diet.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine has developed over the centuries.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Although the country known as Italy did not unite until the 19th century, the cuisine can claim traceable roots as far back as the 4th century BCE.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, CBE (born Elizabeth Gwynne, 26 December 1913 – 22 May 1992) was a British cookery writer.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the mid-20th century she strongly influenced the revitalisation of home cookery in her native country and beyond with articles and books about European cuisines and traditional British dishes.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ Born to an upper-class family, David rebelled against social norms of the day.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ In the 1930s she studied art in Paris, became an actress, and ran off with a married man with whom she sailed in a small boat to Italy, where their boat was confiscated.", "Elizabeth David __knowledge__ They reached Greece, where they were nearly trapped by the German invasion in 1941, but escaped to Egypt, where they parted.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ Elizabeth David, the British cookery writer, published eight books in the 34 years between 1950 and 1984; the last was issued eight years before her death.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ After David's death, her literary executor, Jill Norman, supervised the publication of eight more books, drawing on David's unpublished manuscripts and research and on her published writings for books and magazines.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ David's first five books, particularly the earlier works, contained recipes interspersed with literary quotation and descriptions of people and places that inspired her.", "Elizabeth David bibliography __knowledge__ By the time of her third book, \"Italian Food\", David had begun to add sections about the history of the cuisine and the particular dishes that she wrote about.", "ParM __knowledge__ ParM is a prokaryotic actin homologue which provides the force to drive copies of the R1 plasmid to opposite ends of rod shaped bacteria before cytokinesis.", "ParM __knowledge__ ParM is a monomer that is encoded in the DNA of the R1 plasmid and manufactured by the host cell’s ribosomes.", "ParM __knowledge__ In the cytoplasm it spontaneously polymerizes forming short strands that either bind to ParR or hydrolyze.", "ParM __knowledge__ ParR stabilizes ParM and prevents it from hydrolyzing.", "ParM __knowledge__ Once bound by ParR at both ends, monomer units continue to attach to the ends of the ParM and the resulting reaction pushes R1 plasmids to opposite ends of the cell.", "ParM __knowledge__ ParMs from different bacterial plasmids can form astonishingly diverse helical structures comprising two or four strands to maintain faithful plasmid inheritance.", "Veal __knowledge__ Veal is the meat of calves, in contrast to the beef from older cattle.", "Veal __knowledge__ Veal can be produced from a calf of either sex and any breed; however, most veal comes from young males of dairy breeds who are not used for breeding.", "Veal __knowledge__ Generally, veal is more expensive than beef from older cattle.", "Veal __knowledge__ Some methods or aspects of veal production are controversial due to animal welfare concerns.", "Veal __knowledge__ There are several types of veal, although some terminology varies by country.", "Veal __knowledge__ Types of veal include: Veal has been an important ingredient in Italian, French cuisine and other mediterranean cuisine from ancient times.", "Veal __knowledge__ The veal is often in the form of cutlets, such as the Italian \"cotoletta\" or the famous Austrian dish Wiener Schnitzel.", "Schnitzel __knowledge__ A schnitzel is meat, usually thinned by pounding with a meat tenderizer, that is fried in some kind of oil or fat.", "Schnitzel __knowledge__ The term is most commonly used to refer to meats coated with flour, beaten eggs and bread crumbs, and then fried, but some variants such as Walliser Schnitzel are not breaded.", "Schnitzel __knowledge__ Originating in Austria, the breaded schnitzel is popular in many countries and made using either veal, mutton, chicken, beef, turkey, reindeer, or pork.", "Schnitzel __knowledge__ It is very similar to the French dish escalope, and the milanesa of Uruguay and Argentina.", "Schnitzel __knowledge__ The German word \"Schnitzel\", Middle High German \"Snitzel\", is a diminutive of \"Sniz\" 'slice'.", "Sausage __knowledge__ A sausage is a cylindrical meat product usually made from ground meat, often pork, beef, or veal, along with salt, spices and other flavourings, and breadcrumbs, encased by a skin.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Typically, a sausage is formed in a casing traditionally made from intestine, but sometimes from synthetic materials.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausages that are sold raw are cooked in many ways, including pan-frying, broiling and barbecuing.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Some sausages are cooked during processing and the casing may then be removed.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausage making is a traditional food preservation technique.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausages may be preserved by curing, drying (often in association with fermentation or culturing, which can contribute to preservation), smoking, or freezing.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Peruvian cuisine __knowledge__ Peruvian cuisine reflects local practices and ingredients—including influences from the indigenous population including the Inca and cuisines brought in with immigrants from Europe (Spanish cuisine, Italian cuisine, German cuisine), Asia (Chinese cuisine and Japanese cuisine) and West Africa.", "Peruvian cuisine __knowledge__ Without the familiar ingredients from their home countries, immigrants modified their traditional cuisines by using ingredients available in Peru.", "Peruvian cuisine __knowledge__ The four traditional staples of Peruvian cuisine are corn, potatoes and other tubers, Amaranthaceaes (quinoa, kañiwa and kiwicha) and legumes (beans and lupins).", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin American cuisine is the typical foods, beverages, and cooking styles common to many of the countries and cultures in Latin America.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin America is a highly diverse area of land that holds various cuisines that vary from nation to nation.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Some items typical of Latin American cuisine include maize-based dishes arepas, pupusas, tacos, tamales, tortillas and various salsas and other condiments (guacamole, pico de gallo, mole, chimichurri, chili, aji, pebre).", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ These spices are generally what give the Latin American cuisines a distinct flavor; yet, each country of Latin America tends to use a different spice and those that share spices tend to use them at different quantities.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ \"\" is a manga series written by Yūto Tsukuda and illustrated by Shun Saeki, serialized in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\".", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ 27 tankōbon volumes have been released.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ An anime adaptation has aired 49 episodes over 3 seasons.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ The story follows protagonist and title character Sōma Yukihira as he transfers to the elite Tōtsuki Culinary Academy, an extremely competitive atmosphere, where only the top 1% of students graduate in.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Under the motto \"Cooking is Everything\", students are judged on their cooking for admission to the academy and in many classes, tournaments and events.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Competition may lead to a Shokugeki, a cooking match held in an indoor stadium, where students stake their pride and futures as chefs.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is characterized by its simplicity, with many dishes having only two to four main ingredients.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cooks rely chiefly on the quality of the ingredients rather than on elaborate preparation.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Ingredients and dishes vary by region.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Many dishes that were once regional, have proliferated with variations throughout the country.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Pasta, vegetables, olive oil and fish are a major part of the Italian cuisine.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is probably the most important expression of the Mediterranean diet.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine has developed over the centuries.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Although the country known as Italy did not unite until the 19th century, the cuisine can claim traceable roots as far back as the 4th century BCE.", "Grated cheese __knowledge__ Grated cheese is a type of cheese that has gone through the process of being grated.", "Grated cheese __knowledge__ Typically, aged hard cheeses are used for this purpose.", "Grated cheese __knowledge__ A hand grater can be used to manually grate the cheese, or cheese can be bought already grated.", "Grated cheese __knowledge__ Commercially produced grated cheeses are often blends of more than one variety of cheese, such as Pecorino and Parmesan.", "Grated cheese __knowledge__ Grated cheese and shredded cheese are not the same thing.", "Grated cheese __knowledge__ Grated cheese is much finer than shredded cheese and reacts differently in recipes or application to cooked foods.", "Grated cheese __knowledge__ Popular types of grated cheese:", "Parmigiano-Reggiano __knowledge__ Parmigiano-Reggiano (; ), or Parmesan cheese, is a hard, granular cheese.", "Parmigiano-Reggiano __knowledge__ The name \"Parmesan\" is often used generically for various simulations of this cheese, although this is prohibited in trading in the European Economic Area under European law.", "Parmigiano-Reggiano __knowledge__ It is named after the producing areas, which comprise the provinces of Parma, Reggio Emilia, Bologna (only the area to the west of the river Reno), Modena (all in Emilia-Romagna), and Mantua (in Lombardy, but only the area to the south of river Po), Italy.", "Parmigiano-Reggiano __knowledge__ Under Italian law, only cheese produced in these provinces may be labelled \"Parmigiano-Reggiano\", and European law classifies the name, as well as the translation \"Parmesan\", as a protected designation of origin.", "Gratin __knowledge__ Gratin () is a widespread culinary technique in which an ingredient is topped with a browned crust, often using breadcrumbs, grated cheese, egg and/or butter.", "Gratin __knowledge__ Gratin originated in French cuisine and is usually prepared in a shallow dish of some kind.", "Gratin __knowledge__ A gratin is baked or cooked under an overhead grill or broiler to form a golden crust on top and is traditionally served in its baking dish.", "Gratin __knowledge__ A \"gratin dish\" refers to the shallow oven-proof container traditionally used to prepare gratins and similar dishes.", "Gratin __knowledge__ The etymology of gratin is from the French language words \"gratter\", meaning \"to scrape\" or \"to grate\" (for example, \"scrapings\" of bread or cheese), and \"gratiné\", from the transitive verb form of the word for crust or skin.", "Pesto __knowledge__ Pesto (; ) or, in extenso, pesto alla genovese (), is a sauce originating in Genoa, the capital city of Liguria, Italy.", "Pesto __knowledge__ It traditionally consists of crushed garlic, European pine nuts, coarse salt, basil leaves, Parmigiano-Reggiano (Parmesan cheese) and pecorino sardo (cheese made from sheep's milk), all blended with olive oil.", "Pesto __knowledge__ The name is the past participle of the Genoese verb \"pestâ\" (Italian: \"pestare\"), which means \"to pound\", \"to crush\", in reference to the original method of preparation: according to tradition, the ingredients are \"crushed\" or ground in a marble mortar through a circular motion of a wooden pestle.", "Pastitsio __knowledge__ Pastitsio (, \"pastítsio\"; sometimes spelled \"pastichio\", is Greek baked pasta dish that contains ground lamb and béchamel sauce.", "Pastitsio __knowledge__ Pastitsio takes its name from the Italian \"pasticcio\", a large family of baked savory pies which may be based on meat, fish, or pasta.", "Pastitsio __knowledge__ Many Italian versions include a pastry crust, some include béchamel.", "Pastitsio __knowledge__ The word \"pasticcio\" comes from the vulgar Latin word \"pastīcium\" derived from \"pasta\", and means \"pie\", and has developed the figurative meanings of \"a mess\", \"a tough situation\", or a \"pastiche\".", "Pastitsio __knowledge__ The typical Greek version has a bottom layer that is bucatini or other tubular pasta, with cheese and egg as a binder; a middle layer of ground beef, veal or lamb with tomato and cinnamon, nutmeg or allspice; another layer of pasta; and a top layer of sauce, varying from an egg-based custard to a flour-based Béchamel or a Béchamel with cheese (known as Mornay sauce in France).", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Dumpling is a broad classification for a dish that consists of small pieces of dough (made from a variety of starch sources) wrapped around a filling.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ The dough can be based on bread, flour, or potatoes, and may be filled with meat, fish, cheese, vegetables, fruits, or sweets.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Dumplings may be prepared using a variety of methods, including baking, boiling, frying, simmering, or steaming.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Banku and kenkey fit the definition of a dumpling in that they are starchy balls of dough that are steamed.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ They are formed from fermented cornmeal.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Banku is boiled and requires continues kneading, while kenkey is partly boiled then finished by steaming in corn or banana leaves.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Cooking bananas are banana cultivars in the genus \"Musa\" whose fruits are generally used in cooking.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ They may be eaten while ripe or unripe and are generally starchy.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Some cooking bananas are also referred to as green bananas or plantains.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ ( , ) The term \"plantain\" is loosely applied to any banana cultivar that is eaten when cooked.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ However, there is no formal botanical distinction between bananas and plantains.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Cooking is also a matter of custom, rather than necessity.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Ripe plantains can be eaten raw, since the starches are converted to sugars as they ripen.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ In some countries, there may be a clear distinction between plantains and bananas, but in other countries, where many more cultivars are consumed, the distinction is not made in the common names used.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "Schnitzel __knowledge__ A schnitzel is meat, usually thinned by pounding with a meat tenderizer, that is fried in some kind of oil or fat.", "Schnitzel __knowledge__ The term is most commonly used to refer to meats coated with flour, beaten eggs and bread crumbs, and then fried, but some variants such as Walliser Schnitzel are not breaded.", "Schnitzel __knowledge__ Originating in Austria, the breaded schnitzel is popular in many countries and made using either veal, mutton, chicken, beef, turkey, reindeer, or pork.", "Schnitzel __knowledge__ It is very similar to the French dish escalope, and the milanesa of Uruguay and Argentina.", "Schnitzel __knowledge__ The German word \"Schnitzel\", Middle High German \"Snitzel\", is a diminutive of \"Sniz\" 'slice'.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Ravioli (plural form; singular: \"raviolo\") are a type of dumpling composed of a filling sealed between two layers of thin pasta dough.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Usually served either in broth or with a pasta sauce, they originated as a traditional food in Italian cuisine.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ Ravioli are typically square, though other forms are also used, including circular or semi-circular (mezzelune).", "Ravioli __knowledge__ The earliest known mention of ravioli appears in the personal letters of Francesco di Marco Datini, a merchant of Prato in the 14th century.", "Ravioli __knowledge__ In Venice, the mid-14th-century manuscript \"Libro per cuoco\" offers ravioli of green herbs blanched and minced, mixed with beaten egg and fresh cheese, simmered in broth and seasoned with \"sweet and strong spices\".", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan cuisine is a fusion of cuisines of several European countries, with a particular emphasis on Mediterranean food from Spain, Italy, Portugal and France.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Other possible influences on the cuisine may result from immigration from countries such as Germany and Britain.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The food is very similar to Argentine cuisine.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The base of the country's diet is meat and animal products, mostly coming from beef but also chicken, lamb, pig and sometimes fish.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan gastronomy came from immigration, and did not come from the Amerindians, because the new colonies did not trust the natives.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The preferred cooking methods for meats and vegetables are still boiling and roasting, but with modernization also came frying (see milanesas and chivitos).", "Veal __knowledge__ Veal is the meat of calves, in contrast to the beef from older cattle.", "Veal __knowledge__ Veal can be produced from a calf of either sex and any breed; however, most veal comes from young males of dairy breeds who are not used for breeding.", "Veal __knowledge__ Generally, veal is more expensive than beef from older cattle.", "Veal __knowledge__ Some methods or aspects of veal production are controversial due to animal welfare concerns.", "Veal __knowledge__ There are several types of veal, although some terminology varies by country.", "Veal __knowledge__ Types of veal include: Veal has been an important ingredient in Italian, French cuisine and other mediterranean cuisine from ancient times.", "Veal __knowledge__ The veal is often in the form of cutlets, such as the Italian \"cotoletta\" or the famous Austrian dish Wiener Schnitzel.", "ParM __knowledge__ ParM is a prokaryotic actin homologue which provides the force to drive copies of the R1 plasmid to opposite ends of rod shaped bacteria before cytokinesis.", "ParM __knowledge__ ParM is a monomer that is encoded in the DNA of the R1 plasmid and manufactured by the host cell’s ribosomes.", "ParM __knowledge__ In the cytoplasm it spontaneously polymerizes forming short strands that either bind to ParR or hydrolyze.", "ParM __knowledge__ ParR stabilizes ParM and prevents it from hydrolyzing.", "ParM __knowledge__ Once bound by ParR at both ends, monomer units continue to attach to the ends of the ParM and the resulting reaction pushes R1 plasmids to opposite ends of the cell.", "ParM __knowledge__ ParMs from different bacterial plasmids can form astonishingly diverse helical structures comprising two or four strands to maintain faithful plasmid inheritance." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is characterized by its simplicity, with many dishes having only two to four main ingredients.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cooks rely chiefly on the quality of the ingredients rather than on elaborate preparation.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Ingredients and dishes vary by region.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Many dishes that were once regional, have proliferated with variations throughout the country.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Pasta, vegetables, olive oil and fish are a major part of the Italian cuisine.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is probably the most important expression of the Mediterranean diet.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine has developed over the centuries.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Although the country known as Italy did not unite until the 19th century, the cuisine can claim traceable roots as far back as the 4th century BCE.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ Spaghetti () is a long, thin, solid, cylindrical pasta.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ \"Spaghettoni\" is a thicker form of spaghetti, while \"capellini\" is a very thin spaghetti.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ It is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ Like other pasta, spaghetti is made of milled wheat and water and sometimes enriched with vitamins and minerals.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ Authentic Italian spaghetti is made from durum wheat semolina, but elsewhere it may be made with other kinds of flour.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ Typically the pasta is white because refined flour is used, but whole wheat flour may be added.", "Spaghetti __knowledge__ Originally, spaghetti was notably long, but shorter lengths gained in popularity during the latter half of the 20th century and now it is most commonly available in lengths.", "Angel hair (folklore) __knowledge__ Angel hair or siliceous cotton is a sticky, fibrous substance reported in connection with UFO sightings, or manifestations of the Virgin Mary.", "Angel hair (folklore) __knowledge__ It has been described as being like a cobweb or a jelly.", "Angel hair (folklore) __knowledge__ It is named for its similarity to fine hair, or spider webs, and in some cases the substance has been found to be the web threads of migrating spiders.", "Angel hair (folklore) __knowledge__ Reports of angel hair say that it disintegrates or evaporates within a short time of forming.", "Angel hair (folklore) __knowledge__ Angel hair is an important aspect of the UFO religion Raëlism, and one theory among ufologists is that it is created from \"ionized air sleeting off an electromagnetic field\" that surrounds a UFO.", "Capellini __knowledge__ Capellini (, literally \"little hairs\") is a very thin variety of Italian pasta, with a diameter between .", "Capellini __knowledge__ Like spaghetti, it is rod-shaped, in the form of long strands.", "Capellini __knowledge__ Capelli d'angelo (, literally angel hair -- hence, \"angel hair pasta\" in English) is a thinner variant with a diameter between .", "Capellini __knowledge__ It is often sold in a nest-like shape.", "Capellini __knowledge__ Capelli d'angelo has been popular in Italy since at least the 14th century.", "Capellini __knowledge__ As a very light pasta, it goes well in soups or with seafood or light sauces.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Camping food __knowledge__ Backcountry camping food includes ingredients used to prepare food suitable for backcountry camping and backpacking.", "Camping food __knowledge__ The foods differ substantially from the ingredients found in a typical home kitchen.", "Camping food __knowledge__ The primary differences relate to campers' and backpackers' special needs for foods that have appropriate cooking time, perishability, weight, and nutritional content.", "Camping food __knowledge__ To address these needs, camping food is often made up of either freeze-dried, precooked or dehydrated ingredients.", "Camping food __knowledge__ Many campers use a combination of these foods.", "Camping food __knowledge__ Due to the difficulty of carrying large amounts of cooking fuel, campers often require their meals to cook in a short amount of time (5–20 minutes).", "Sopa de fideo __knowledge__ Sopa de fideo, also referred to as sopita de fideo, is a stock-based noodle soup that is a part of the cuisines of Mexico, Tex-Mex cuisine and Cavite, a province in the Philippines.", "Sopa de fideo __knowledge__ It has been suggested that the dish may have originated in Spain .", "Sopa de fideo __knowledge__ The definition of the Spanish word \"\"sopa\"\" is \"soup\".", "Sopa de fideo __knowledge__ However, \"sopas\" also constitute side dishes that are a part of Mexican-American cuisine.", "Sopa de fideo __knowledge__ \"Sopa de fideo\" is a stock-based noodle soup in Mexican cuisine and Tex-Mex fusion cuisine.", "Sopa de fideo __knowledge__ Fideo means noodle, usually used in the plural fideos to mean vermicelli.", "Sopa de fideo __knowledge__ The noodles used in the soup are typically thin, and are typically broken or cut and then browned separately prior to being stewed with the other soup ingredients.", "A Bold Stroke for a Wife __knowledge__ A Bold Stroke for a Wife is Susanna Centlivre's 18th-century satirical English play first performed in 1718.", "A Bold Stroke for a Wife __knowledge__ The plot expresses the author's unabashed support of the British Whig Party: she criticises the Tories, religious hypocrisy, and the greed of capitalism.", "A Bold Stroke for a Wife __knowledge__ Set in 18th-century England, the play tells the story of a military officer who wants to marry a young woman.", "A Bold Stroke for a Wife __knowledge__ His obstacles are the four guardians who watch over Anne Lovely.", "A Bold Stroke for a Wife __knowledge__ Each of the four has his own idea of the ideal husband.", "A Bold Stroke for a Wife __knowledge__ The catch is that each is disagreeable in his own way, and they can't possibly see eye to eye on a man for Anne.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes for the reality television series \"The Great Food Truck Race\" on Food Network.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ There are seven truck teams competing in the race for a grand prize of $50,000.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Each truck team consists of a driver and two crew members who must staff the truck and are responsible for cooking, shopping, orders and publicity.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Every week they start off with no food to make things fair for all the teams who must make do with whatever cash Tyler Florence provides (seed money) at the start of each episode, in each new city.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The trucks all convene in Los Angeles.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Austin Daily Press – This team from Austin, Texas serves hot, grilled sandwiches.", "Food and drink in Birmingham __knowledge__ As with any large town or city, food and drink has played an important role in the commerce and culture of Birmingham, England.", "Food and drink in Birmingham __knowledge__ Birmingham soup - In the late 18th century poor harvests in England resulted in high food prices and the resultant opening of soup kitchens to provide cheap, nourishing food for the poor.", "Food and drink in Birmingham __knowledge__ In 1793 the inventor and industrialist, Matthew Boulton, noted a recipe in one of his notebooks for a soup was which intended to be sold for a penny a quart.", "Food and drink in Birmingham __knowledge__ This was a hearty broth made up of stewed beef and vegetables served with a slice of bread.", "Food and drink in Birmingham __knowledge__ In 2014 Glynn Purnell recreated the dish as a fine dining course and served it at his restaurant, \"Purnell's\".", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans ( or \"italo-americani\" ) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans who have full or majority-ancestry from Italy.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Italian Americans are the fourth largest white ethnic group in the United States (not including American ethnicity, an ethnonym used by many in the United States; overall, Italian Americans rank seventh, behind German American, African American, Irish American, Mexican American, English American, and American).. About 5.5 million Italians immigrated to the United States from 1820 to 2004.", "Italian Americans __knowledge__ Immigration began to increase during the 1870s, when more than twice as many Italians immigrated (1870–79: 46,296) than during the five previous decades combined (1820–69: 22,627).", "History of Italian Americans in Boston __knowledge__ Not all of the 5.3 million Italians who immigrated to the United States between 1820 and 1978 came through Ellis Island.", "History of Italian Americans in Boston __knowledge__ Many came through other ports, including the Port of Boston.", "History of Italian Americans in Boston __knowledge__ Exactly how many stayed in Boston is not known, but it was enough to make Italians the second largest ancestry group in Boston, after the Irish.", "History of Italian Americans in Boston __knowledge__ Most settled initially in the North End; others settled in East Boston, the West End, Roxbury, and other neighborhoods.", "History of Italian Americans in Boston __knowledge__ Most of Boston's Italian immigrants were southern Italians who had little money and could not speak English.", "History of Italian Americans in Boston __knowledge__ They faced many hardships in the early years, including exploitation and discrimination.", "Vietnamese cuisine __knowledge__ Vietnamese cuisine encompasses the foods and beverages of Vietnam, and features a combination of five fundamental tastes (Vietnamese: \"ngũ vị\") in the overall meal.", "Vietnamese cuisine __knowledge__ Each Vietnamese dish has a distinctive flavor which reflects one or more of these elements.", "Vietnamese cuisine __knowledge__ Common ingredients include fish sauce, shrimp paste, soy sauce, rice, fresh herbs, fruit and vegetables.", "Vietnamese cuisine __knowledge__ Vietnamese recipes use lemongrass, ginger, mint, Vietnamese mint, long coriander, Saigon cinnamon, bird's eye chili, lime, and Thai basil leaves.", "Vietnamese cuisine __knowledge__ Traditional Vietnamese cooking is greatly admired for its fresh ingredients, minimal use of dairy and oil, complementary textures, and reliance on herbs and vegetables.", "North End, Boston __knowledge__ The North End is a neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, United States.", "North End, Boston __knowledge__ It has the distinction of being the city's oldest residential community, where people have continuously inhabited since it was settled in the 1630s.", "North End, Boston __knowledge__ Though small, only , the neighborhood has nearly one hundred establishments and a variety of tourist attractions.", "North End, Boston __knowledge__ It is known for its Italian American population and fine Italian restaurants.", "North End, Boston __knowledge__ The district is a pending Boston Landmark.", "North End, Boston __knowledge__ The North End as a distinct community of Boston was evident as early as 1646.", "North End, Boston __knowledge__ Three years later, the area had a large enough population to support its own church, called the North Meeting House." ] ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 35 ]

[ "Italian cuisine has some of my favorite food! Do you have a favorite Italian dish?", "I agree, veal parm is delicious and nothing beats a well made ravioli dish! Do you visit Italian restaurants frequently?", "For sure! We have a few Italian restaurants nearby and they never fail to serve great food each time we go.", "Yeah I agree, angel hair pasta is delicious. I don't think I've tried pasta with rice flour as opposed to wheat, but I've heard good things about it." ]

[ "Italian cuisine", "Italian cuisine", "Italian cuisine", "Italian cuisine" ]

[ "List of chicken dishes\nHi, I love dishes with in chicken in them. What is your favorite?", "What are some Italian chicken dishes?", "What is the best way to cook chicken in your opinion?", "I also like it deep fried. What are some good Mexican chicken dishes?", "What is a good chicken dish for those who are on a diet?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ This is a list of chicken dishes.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is the most common type of poultry in the world, and was one of the first domesticated animals.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is a major worldwide source of meat and eggs for human consumption.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It is prepared as food in a wide variety of ways, varying by region and culture.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ The prevalence of chickens is due to almost the entire chicken being edible, and the ease of raising them.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken as a meat has been depicted in Babylonian carvings from around 600 BC.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken was one of the most common meats available in the Middle Ages.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was eaten over most of the Eastern hemisphere and a number of different kinds of chicken such as capons, pullets and hens were eaten.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was one of the basic ingredients in the so-called white dish, a stew usually consisting of chicken and fried onions cooked in milk and seasoned with spices and sugar.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Curry __knowledge__ Curry (, plural curries) is an umbrella term referring to a number of dishes originating in the cuisine of the Indian subcontinent.", "Curry __knowledge__ The common feature is the use of complex combinations of spices or herbs, usually including fresh or dried hot chillies.", "Curry __knowledge__ The use of the term is generally limited to dishes prepared in a sauce.", "Curry __knowledge__ Curry dishes prepared in the southern states of India may be spiced with leaves from the curry tree.", "Curry __knowledge__ There are many varieties of dishes called 'curries'.", "Curry __knowledge__ For example, in original traditional cuisines, the precise selection of spices for each dish is a matter of national or regional cultural tradition, religious practice, and, to some extent, family preference.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Korean cuisine has evolved through centuries of social and political change.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Originating from ancient agricultural and nomadic traditions in the Korean peninsula and southern Manchuria, Korean cuisine has evolved through a complex interaction of the natural environment and different cultural trends.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Korean cuisine is largely based on rice, vegetables, and meats.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Traditional Korean meals are noted for the number of side dishes (반찬; \"banchan\") that accompany steam-cooked short-grain rice.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Kimchi is served at nearly every meal.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Commonly used ingredients include sesame oil, \"doenjang\" (fermented bean paste), soy sauce, salt, garlic, ginger, pepper flakes, \"gochujang\" (fermented red chili paste) and napa cabbage." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ This is a list of chicken dishes.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is the most common type of poultry in the world, and was one of the first domesticated animals.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is a major worldwide source of meat and eggs for human consumption.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It is prepared as food in a wide variety of ways, varying by region and culture.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ The prevalence of chickens is due to almost the entire chicken being edible, and the ease of raising them.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken as a meat has been depicted in Babylonian carvings from around 600 BC.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken was one of the most common meats available in the Middle Ages.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was eaten over most of the Eastern hemisphere and a number of different kinds of chicken such as capons, pullets and hens were eaten.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was one of the basic ingredients in the so-called white dish, a stew usually consisting of chicken and fried onions cooked in milk and seasoned with spices and sugar.", "Chicken Kiev __knowledge__ Chicken Kiev (, \"kotleta po-kyivsky\", , \"kotleta po-kiyevski\"; literally \"cutlet Kiev-style\") is a dish of chicken fillet pounded and rolled around cold butter, then coated with eggs and bread crumbs, and either fried or baked.", "Chicken Kiev __knowledge__ In general, the dish of stuffed chicken breast is also known in Ukrainian, Russian and Polish cuisines as côtelette de volaille (, ; from French \"chicken cutlet\").", "Chicken Kiev __knowledge__ Since fillets are often referred to as suprêmes in professional cookery, the dish is also named suprême de volaille à la Kiev.", "Chicken Kiev __knowledge__ It is particularly popular in the Post-Soviet states, several other countries of the former Eastern Bloc, and in the English-speaking world.", "Curry __knowledge__ Curry (, plural curries) is an umbrella term referring to a number of dishes originating in the cuisine of the Indian subcontinent.", "Curry __knowledge__ The common feature is the use of complex combinations of spices or herbs, usually including fresh or dried hot chillies.", "Curry __knowledge__ The use of the term is generally limited to dishes prepared in a sauce.", "Curry __knowledge__ Curry dishes prepared in the southern states of India may be spiced with leaves from the curry tree.", "Curry __knowledge__ There are many varieties of dishes called 'curries'.", "Curry __knowledge__ For example, in original traditional cuisines, the precise selection of spices for each dish is a matter of national or regional cultural tradition, religious practice, and, to some extent, family preference.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "Pakistani cuisine __knowledge__ Pakistani cuisine () can be characterized by a blend of various regional cooking traditions of the Indian subcontinent, Central Asia as well as elements from its Mughal legacy.", "Pakistani cuisine __knowledge__ The various cuisines are derived from Pakistan's ethnic and cultural diversity.", "Pakistani cuisine __knowledge__ Cuisine from the eastern provinces of Punjab and Sindh are characterized as \"highly seasoned\" and \"spicy\", which is characteristic of flavors of the Indian subcontinent.", "Pakistani cuisine __knowledge__ Cuisine from the western and northern provinces of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Balochistan, Gilgit-Baltistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the Tribal Areas are characterized as \"mild\" which is characteristic of flavors of the Central Asian region.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ Fried chicken (also referred to as Southern fried chicken for the variant in the United States) is a dish consisting of chicken pieces usually from broiler chickens which have been floured or battered and then pan-fried, deep fried, or pressure fried.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ The breading adds a crisp coating or crust to the exterior of the chicken.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ What separates fried chicken from other fried forms of chicken is that generally the chicken is cut at the joints, and the bones and skin are left intact.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ Crisp well-seasoned skin, rendered of excess fat, is a hallmark of well made fried chicken.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ The first dish known to have been deep fried was fritters, which were popular in the Middle Ages.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "Burger King Specialty Sandwiches __knowledge__ The Burger King Specialty Sandwiches are a line of sandwiches developed by the international fast-food restaurant chain Burger King in 1978 and introduced in 1979 as part of a new product line designed to expand Burger King's menu with more sophisticated, adult oriented fare beyond hamburgers.", "Burger King Specialty Sandwiches __knowledge__ Additionally, the new line was intended to differentiate the company from other fast food hamburger restaurants at the time.", "Burger King Specialty Sandwiches __knowledge__ Since the line's introduction, the other sandwiches have been discontinued, leaving the chicken offering, the Original Chicken Sandwich (abbreviated as OCS), as the primary product left.", "Italian dressing __knowledge__ Italian dressing is a vinaigrette-type of salad dressing in United States and Canadian cuisine, consisting of water, vinegar or lemon juice, vegetable oil, chopped bell peppers, usually sugar or corn syrup, and a blend of numerous herbs and spices including oregano, fennel, dill and salt.", "Italian dressing __knowledge__ Onion and garlic can also be used to intensify the dressing’s flavor.", "Italian dressing __knowledge__ It is often bought bottled, or prepared by mixing oil and vinegar with a packaged flavoring mix consisting of dehydrated vegetables and herbs.", "Italian dressing __knowledge__ North American-style Italian dressing is not used in Italy, where salad is normally dressed with olive oil, vinegar or lemon juice, salt, and sometimes black pepper at the table, and not with a pre-mixed vinaigrette.", "KC Masterpiece __knowledge__ KC Masterpiece is a barbecue sauce that is marketed by the HV Food Products Company, which is a subsidiary of the Clorox Company.", "KC Masterpiece __knowledge__ K.C.", "KC Masterpiece __knowledge__ Masterpiece Barbeque Sauce was created in 1977 by Richard E. \"Rich\" Davis M.D.", "KC Masterpiece __knowledge__ who was a child psychiatrist in Kansas City, Missouri.", "KC Masterpiece __knowledge__ He earned his Medical Degree from The University of Kansas.", "KC Masterpiece __knowledge__ Dr. Davis was born in 1926, in Joplin, Missouri and died on October 6, 2015 in Leawood, Kansas.", "KC Masterpiece __knowledge__ He was 89 years old.", "KC Masterpiece __knowledge__ Initially, Dr. Davis named his sauce K.C.", "KC Masterpiece __knowledge__ Soul Style Barbecue Sauce, and the original formula consisted of only five ingredients.", "KC Masterpiece __knowledge__ He later renamed it K.C.", "KC Masterpiece __knowledge__ Masterpiece.", "Chef brown sauce __knowledge__ \"Chef\" Brown Sauce is a brown sauce established by the company “Chef” in the mid-1900s.", "Chef brown sauce __knowledge__ The sauce was not created until after the brown sauce market had taken a tumble due to the lift in ketchup production restrictions, but the sauce still had success from its branding.", "Chef brown sauce __knowledge__ While the flavoring of Chef Brown Sauce remains a mystery to the public, the ingredients include; Vinegar, Sugar, Apples, Barley Malt Vinegar, Water, Tomatoes, Modified Maize Starch, Oranges, Salt, Spices, and bColour: Caramel (E150D).", "Chef brown sauce __knowledge__ The sauce is also gluten free.", "Chef brown sauce __knowledge__ Chef Brown sauce must be refrigerated immediately after opening and the sauce will typically keep for 8 weeks.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ Murphy's law is an adage or epigram that is typically stated as: \"Anything that can go wrong will go wrong\".", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ The perceived perversity of the universe has long been a subject of comment, and precursors to the modern version of Murphy's law are not hard to find.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ The concept may be as old as humanity.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ Recent significant research in this area has been conducted by members of the American Dialect Society.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ Society member Stephen Goranson has found a version of the law, not yet generalized or bearing that name, in a report by Alfred Holt at an 1877 meeting of an engineering society.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ It is found that anything that can go wrong at sea generally does go wrong sooner or later, so it is not to be wondered that owners prefer the safe to the scientific ...", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ This is a list of chicken dishes.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is the most common type of poultry in the world, and was one of the first domesticated animals.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is a major worldwide source of meat and eggs for human consumption.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It is prepared as food in a wide variety of ways, varying by region and culture.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ The prevalence of chickens is due to almost the entire chicken being edible, and the ease of raising them.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken as a meat has been depicted in Babylonian carvings from around 600 BC.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken was one of the most common meats available in the Middle Ages.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was eaten over most of the Eastern hemisphere and a number of different kinds of chicken such as capons, pullets and hens were eaten.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was one of the basic ingredients in the so-called white dish, a stew usually consisting of chicken and fried onions cooked in milk and seasoned with spices and sugar.", "Chicken feet __knowledge__ Chicken feet are a part of the chicken that is cooked in Brazil, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Italy, Jamaica, Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Mexico, Moldova, Peru, Philippines, Romania, Russia, South Africa, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Ukraine, Bolivia and Vietnam.", "Chicken feet __knowledge__ After an outer layer of thin skin is removed, most of the edible tissue on the feet consists of skin and tendons, with no muscle.", "Chicken feet __knowledge__ This gives the feet a distinct texture different from the rest of the chicken's meat.", "Chicken feet __knowledge__ Being mostly skin, chicken feet are very gelatinous.", "Chicken feet __knowledge__ Chicken feet are used in several regional Chinese cuisines; they can be served as a beer snack, cold dish, soup or main dish.", "Inghams Enterprises __knowledge__ Inghams Enterprises, commonly known as Inghams, is owned by a and supplier/producer of poultry and fodder.", "Inghams Enterprises __knowledge__ The company claims to be one of the largest producers of chicken and turkey products in Australia; and employs in excess of 9,000 people in more than 100 locations in Australia and New Zealand.", "Inghams Enterprises __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1918 and was managed by members of the Ingham family from its establishment until 2014, including Walter Ingham and his two sons, Jack Ingham and Bob Ingham.", "Inghams Enterprises __knowledge__ TPG Capital acquired Inghams in 2014 for 880 million.", "Inghams Enterprises __knowledge__ Ingham Enterprises, often called Inghams, produce a range of foods for human and animal consumption that can generally be classified into poultry and non-poultry products.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ Alastair Nathan Cook, (born 25 December 1984) is an English cricketer.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ A former captain of the England Test and One Day International (ODI) teams, he holds a number of English and international records.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ He is regarded as one of the greatest batsmen ever to play for England, and is one of the most prolific batsmen of the modern era.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ Cook is England’s most-capped player and has captained the team in an English record 59 Tests and 69 ODIs.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ He is the leading run-scorer in Test matches for England, and the youngest player to complete 12,000 Test runs (the 6th overall and the only Englishman).", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ Cook has scored a record 32 Test centuries for England and is the first England player to take part in 50 Test victories.", "July Crisis __knowledge__ The July Crisis was a diplomatic crisis among the major powers of Europe in the summer of 1914 that led to World War I.", "July Crisis __knowledge__ Immediately after Gavrilo Princip, a Slavic nationalist, assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne, in Sarajevo, a series of diplomatic manoeuvres led to an ultimatum from Austria-Hungary to the Kingdom of Serbia, and eventually to war.", "July Crisis __knowledge__ The assassination had been carried out by those wishing to unite all of the territories with majority South Slavic population not already ruled by the Kingdom of Serbia or Kingdom of Montenegro.", "July Crisis __knowledge__ Austria-Hungary's post-assassination ultimatum was part of a coercive program meant to weaken the Kingdom of Serbia's threat to take control of the northern Balkans and its significant Southern Slavic population, especially the Bosnian Serbs.", "Broaster Company __knowledge__ Broaster Company is an American food equipment manufacturing company.", "Broaster Company __knowledge__ Broaster Company is known for manufacturing pressure fryers, licensing Genuine Broaster Chicken and operating a branded food program, Broaster Express.", "Broaster Company __knowledge__ The company is headquartered in Beloit, Wisconsin and was founded in 1954 by inventor and businessman L. A. M. Phelan.", "Broaster Company __knowledge__ The Broasting technique began in 1954 when American businessman and inventor, L. A. M. Phelan combined parts of a deep fryer and pressure cooker as a way to cook chicken faster.", "Broaster Company __knowledge__ With his invention, Phelan trademarked the words \"broaster\" and \"broasted food\".", "Broaster Company __knowledge__ Phelan manufactured the first Broaster Pressure Fryers under Flavor Fast Foods, Inc. and in 1956 formed the Broaster Company, expanding its line of offerings to include food product ingredients and accessories.", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC, until 1991 known as Kentucky Fried Chicken, is an American fast food restaurant chain that specializes in fried chicken.", "KFC __knowledge__ Headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky, it is the world's second-largest restaurant chain (as measured by sales) after McDonald's, with almost 20,000 locations globally in 123 countries and territories .", "KFC __knowledge__ The chain is a subsidiary of Yum!", "KFC __knowledge__ Brands, a restaurant company that also owns the Pizza Hut and Taco Bell chains.", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders, an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky during the Great Depression.", "Mangalorean Chicken Sukka __knowledge__ Mangalorean Chicken Sukka or Kori Sukka/Kori Ajadina(Tulu) is an Indian Dish of Chicken native to Mangalore and Udupi region.", "Mangalorean Chicken Sukka __knowledge__ \"Kori Sukka\" literally means \"Chicken Dry\" in Tulu, sometimes also called as \"\"Kori Ajadina\"\".", "Mangalorean Chicken Sukka __knowledge__ However it can be prepared in two variations Dry and semi gravy.", "Mangalorean Chicken Sukka __knowledge__ These are the ingrediants required to prepare Chicken Sukka Below is the method followed to cook Chicken Sukka.", "Chicken Kiev __knowledge__ Chicken Kiev (, \"kotleta po-kyivsky\", , \"kotleta po-kiyevski\"; literally \"cutlet Kiev-style\") is a dish of chicken fillet pounded and rolled around cold butter, then coated with eggs and bread crumbs, and either fried or baked.", "Chicken Kiev __knowledge__ In general, the dish of stuffed chicken breast is also known in Ukrainian, Russian and Polish cuisines as côtelette de volaille (, ; from French \"chicken cutlet\").", "Chicken Kiev __knowledge__ Since fillets are often referred to as suprêmes in professional cookery, the dish is also named suprême de volaille à la Kiev.", "Chicken Kiev __knowledge__ It is particularly popular in the Post-Soviet states, several other countries of the former Eastern Bloc, and in the English-speaking world.", "Curry __knowledge__ Curry (, plural curries) is an umbrella term referring to a number of dishes originating in the cuisine of the Indian subcontinent.", "Curry __knowledge__ The common feature is the use of complex combinations of spices or herbs, usually including fresh or dried hot chillies.", "Curry __knowledge__ The use of the term is generally limited to dishes prepared in a sauce.", "Curry __knowledge__ Curry dishes prepared in the southern states of India may be spiced with leaves from the curry tree.", "Curry __knowledge__ There are many varieties of dishes called 'curries'.", "Curry __knowledge__ For example, in original traditional cuisines, the precise selection of spices for each dish is a matter of national or regional cultural tradition, religious practice, and, to some extent, family preference.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ Fried chicken (also referred to as Southern fried chicken for the variant in the United States) is a dish consisting of chicken pieces usually from broiler chickens which have been floured or battered and then pan-fried, deep fried, or pressure fried.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ The breading adds a crisp coating or crust to the exterior of the chicken.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ What separates fried chicken from other fried forms of chicken is that generally the chicken is cut at the joints, and the bones and skin are left intact.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ Crisp well-seasoned skin, rendered of excess fat, is a hallmark of well made fried chicken.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ The first dish known to have been deep fried was fritters, which were popular in the Middle Ages.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Chicken soup __knowledge__ Chicken soup is a soup made from chicken, simmered in water, usually with various other ingredients.", "Chicken soup __knowledge__ The classic chicken soup consists of a clear chicken broth, often with pieces of chicken or vegetables; common additions are pasta, dumplings, or grains such as rice and barley.", "Chicken soup __knowledge__ Chicken soup has acquired the reputation of a folk remedy for colds and influenza, and in many countries is considered a comfort food.", "Chicken soup __knowledge__ Variations on the flavor are gained by adding root vegetables such as parsnip, potato, sweet potato and celery root, herbs such as parsley, dill, other vegetables such as zucchini, whole garlic cloves or tomatoes and black pepper." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ This is a list of chicken dishes.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is the most common type of poultry in the world, and was one of the first domesticated animals.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is a major worldwide source of meat and eggs for human consumption.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It is prepared as food in a wide variety of ways, varying by region and culture.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ The prevalence of chickens is due to almost the entire chicken being edible, and the ease of raising them.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken as a meat has been depicted in Babylonian carvings from around 600 BC.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken was one of the most common meats available in the Middle Ages.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was eaten over most of the Eastern hemisphere and a number of different kinds of chicken such as capons, pullets and hens were eaten.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was one of the basic ingredients in the so-called white dish, a stew usually consisting of chicken and fried onions cooked in milk and seasoned with spices and sugar.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ Fried chicken (also referred to as Southern fried chicken for the variant in the United States) is a dish consisting of chicken pieces usually from broiler chickens which have been floured or battered and then pan-fried, deep fried, or pressure fried.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ The breading adds a crisp coating or crust to the exterior of the chicken.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ What separates fried chicken from other fried forms of chicken is that generally the chicken is cut at the joints, and the bones and skin are left intact.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ Crisp well-seasoned skin, rendered of excess fat, is a hallmark of well made fried chicken.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ The first dish known to have been deep fried was fritters, which were popular in the Middle Ages.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Colonel Sanders __knowledge__ Colonel Harland David Sanders (September 9, 1890December 16, 1980) was an American businessman, best known for founding fast food chicken restaurant chain Kentucky Fried Chicken (now known as KFC) and later acting as the company's brand ambassador and symbol.", "Colonel Sanders __knowledge__ His name and image are still symbols of the company.", "Colonel Sanders __knowledge__ Sanders held a number of jobs in his early life, such as steam engine stoker, insurance salesman and filling station operator.", "Colonel Sanders __knowledge__ He began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in North Corbin, Kentucky, during the Great Depression.", "Colonel Sanders __knowledge__ During that time Sanders developed his \"secret recipe\" and his patented method of cooking chicken in a pressure fryer.", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC, until 1991 known as Kentucky Fried Chicken, is an American fast food restaurant chain that specializes in fried chicken.", "KFC __knowledge__ Headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky, it is the world's second-largest restaurant chain (as measured by sales) after McDonald's, with almost 20,000 locations globally in 123 countries and territories .", "KFC __knowledge__ The chain is a subsidiary of Yum!", "KFC __knowledge__ Brands, a restaurant company that also owns the Pizza Hut and Taco Bell chains.", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders, an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky during the Great Depression.", "History of KFC __knowledge__ KFC (Kentucky Fried Chicken) was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders, an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky, during the Great Depression.", "History of KFC __knowledge__ Sanders identified the potential of restaurant franchising, and the first \"Kentucky Fried Chicken\" franchise opened in Salt Lake City, Utah in 1952.", "History of KFC __knowledge__ KFC popularized chicken in the fast-food industry, diversifying the market by challenging the established dominance of the hamburger.", "History of KFC __knowledge__ Branding himself \"Colonel Sanders\", the founder became a prominent figure of American cultural history, and his image remains widely used in KFC advertising.", "Winston L. Shelton __knowledge__ Winston Laverne Shelton (born May 3, 1922) is an American inventor, electrical engineer and entrepreneur who has been awarded 76 US patents as an individual or as part of a team, as well as many corresponding patents.", "Winston L. Shelton __knowledge__ Shelton's patents have had an impact relating to home washing machines and the preparation of food in both the Quick Service Restaurant (QSR) industry and fine dining.", "Winston L. Shelton __knowledge__ Technologies Shelton developed while an engineer at General Electric are still in use after more than fifty years.", "Winston L. Shelton __knowledge__ His patent for the modern \"Washing Machine\" (US 3257830 A), licensed in 1965 to General Electric has been referenced in over 40 subsequent patents.", "KFC advertising __knowledge__ KFC has been an extensive advertiser since the establishment of the first franchise in 1952.", "KFC advertising __knowledge__ Founder Harland Sanders initially developed his \"Colonel\" persona as a low-cost marketing tool.", "KFC advertising __knowledge__ The Colonel image is still used extensively in the chain's advertising.", "KFC advertising __knowledge__ The chain is well known for the \"finger lickin' good\" slogan, which originated in 1956.", "KFC advertising __knowledge__ Colonel Sanders was a key component of KFC advertising until his death in 1980.", "KFC advertising __knowledge__ He made several appearances in various B movies and television programs of the period, such as \"What's My Line?\"", "KFC advertising __knowledge__ and \"I've Got a Secret\".", "KFC advertising __knowledge__ Jack Massey described him as \"the greatest PR man I have ever known\".", "Medicinal Fried Chicken __knowledge__ \"Medicinal Fried Chicken\" is the third episode of the fourteenth season of the American animated television series \"South Park\", and the 198th episode of the series overall.", "Medicinal Fried Chicken __knowledge__ It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on March 31, 2010.", "Medicinal Fried Chicken __knowledge__ In the episode, the South Park KFC is replaced by a medical marijuana dispensary, and Cartman gets involved in black market selling the KFC chicken.", "Medicinal Fried Chicken __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Randy Marsh gets a medical referral for marijuana by giving himself testicular cancer, which makes his testicles grow to grotesquely huge proportions.", "Medicinal Fried Chicken __knowledge__ The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker, and was rated TV-MA in the United States.", "KFC Original Recipe __knowledge__ The KFC Original Recipe is the secret mix of ingredients that fast food restaurant chain KFC uses to produce fried chicken.", "KFC Original Recipe __knowledge__ By the late 1930s, Harland Sanders' Corbin, Kentucky gas station was so well known for his fried chicken, that Sanders decided to remove the gas pumps and build a restaurant and motel in its place.", "KFC Original Recipe __knowledge__ While perfecting his secret recipe with 11 herbs and spices, Sanders found that pan frying chicken was too slow, requiring 30 minutes per order.", "KFC Original Recipe __knowledge__ French frying the chicken in a wire basket immersed in deep fat required half the time, but produced dry, unevenly done chicken.", "KFC Original Recipe __knowledge__ In 1939 he found that using a pressure cooker produced tasty, moist chicken in eight or nine minutes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ This is a list of chicken dishes.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is the most common type of poultry in the world, and was one of the first domesticated animals.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken is a major worldwide source of meat and eggs for human consumption.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It is prepared as food in a wide variety of ways, varying by region and culture.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ The prevalence of chickens is due to almost the entire chicken being edible, and the ease of raising them.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken as a meat has been depicted in Babylonian carvings from around 600 BC.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ Chicken was one of the most common meats available in the Middle Ages.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was eaten over most of the Eastern hemisphere and a number of different kinds of chicken such as capons, pullets and hens were eaten.", "List of chicken dishes __knowledge__ It was one of the basic ingredients in the so-called white dish, a stew usually consisting of chicken and fried onions cooked in milk and seasoned with spices and sugar.", "Beer can chicken __knowledge__ Beer can chicken, also referred to as chicken on a throne, beer butt chicken, dancing chicken and drunken chicken, is a barbecued chicken dish and method of indirect grilling using a partially-filled can of beer that is placed in the chicken's cavity prior to cooking.", "Beer can chicken __knowledge__ The process adds moisture to the dish, and some believe that steam from the beer serves to steam the chicken from the inside and add flavor to the dish.", "Beer can chicken __knowledge__ Some people are avid proponents of the dish, while others have contended that the efficacy of using the beer is overrated, and that the science regarding beer can chicken is debatable.", "General Tso's chicken __knowledge__ General Tso's chicken ( ) is a sweet, deep-fried chicken dish that is served in North American Chinese restaurants.", "General Tso's chicken __knowledge__ (It is also seen with other variants, such as General Tse's chicken.)", "General Tso's chicken __knowledge__ The dish is named after Zuo Zongtang (also romanized \"Tso Tsung-t'ang\"), a Qing dynasty statesman and military leader, although there is no recorded connection to him nor is the dish known in Hunan, Zuo's home province.", "General Tso's chicken __knowledge__ The food has been associated with Zuo Zongtang (Tso Tsung-t'ang) (1812–1885), a Qing dynasty statesman and military leader from Hunan Province.", "General Tso's chicken __knowledge__ Zuo himself could not have eaten the dish as it is today, and the dish is found neither in Changsha, the capital of Hunan Province, nor in Xiangyin County, where Zuo was born.", "Barbecue chicken __knowledge__ Barbecue chicken consists of chicken parts or entire chickens that are barbecued, grilled or smoked.", "Barbecue chicken __knowledge__ There are many global and regional preparation techniques and cooking styles.", "Barbecue chicken __knowledge__ Barbecue chicken is often seasoned or coated in a spice rub, barbecue sauce, or both.", "Barbecue chicken __knowledge__ Marinades are also used to tenderize the meat and add flavor.", "Barbecue chicken __knowledge__ Rotisserie chicken has gained prominence and popularity in U.S. grocery markets.", "Barbecue chicken __knowledge__ Barbecued chicken is one of the world's most popular barbecue dishes.", "Barbecue chicken __knowledge__ Various techniques exist for cutting poultry for barbecuing, including skewering, butterflying, halving quartering and using individual pieces.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Chicken in the Rough __knowledge__ Chicken in the Rough, also known as Beverly's Chicken in the Rough, is a fried chicken restaurant chain and former franchise.", "Chicken in the Rough __knowledge__ It was one of the earliest restaurant chain franchises in the United States.", "Chicken in the Rough __knowledge__ Chicken in the Rough was founded by Beverly and Rubye Osborne in 1936 in Oklahoma City, and the restaurant's specialty half-fried chicken dish was also created in 1936.", "Chicken in the Rough __knowledge__ The dish itself was also referred to as \"Chicken in the Rough\", and consisted of a half fried chicken, shoestring potatoes and a biscuit with honey.", "Chicken in the Rough __knowledge__ Three restaurants presently serve the dish today, located in Port Huron, Michigan and Canadian neighbor Sarnia, Ontario.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "Arby's __knowledge__ Arby's Restaurant Group, Inc. (), or simply Arby's, is the second-largest quick-service fast-food sandwich restaurant chain in America in terms of units with more than 3,300 restaurants system wide and third in terms of revenue.", "Arby's __knowledge__ In October 2017, \"Food & Wine\" called Arby's \"America's second largest sandwich chain (after Subway)\".", "Arby's __knowledge__ Roark Capital Group acquired the company in July 2011 and owns 81.5% of the company, with The Wendy's Company owning the other 18.5%.", "Arby's __knowledge__ In addition to its classic Roast Beef and Beef 'n Cheddar sandwiches, Arby's products also include deli-style Market Fresh line of sandwiches, Curly Fries and Jamocha Shakes.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Curry __knowledge__ Curry (, plural curries) is an umbrella term referring to a number of dishes originating in the cuisine of the Indian subcontinent.", "Curry __knowledge__ The common feature is the use of complex combinations of spices or herbs, usually including fresh or dried hot chillies.", "Curry __knowledge__ The use of the term is generally limited to dishes prepared in a sauce.", "Curry __knowledge__ Curry dishes prepared in the southern states of India may be spiced with leaves from the curry tree.", "Curry __knowledge__ There are many varieties of dishes called 'curries'.", "Curry __knowledge__ For example, in original traditional cuisines, the precise selection of spices for each dish is a matter of national or regional cultural tradition, religious practice, and, to some extent, family preference.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ Fried chicken (also referred to as Southern fried chicken for the variant in the United States) is a dish consisting of chicken pieces usually from broiler chickens which have been floured or battered and then pan-fried, deep fried, or pressure fried.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ The breading adds a crisp coating or crust to the exterior of the chicken.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ What separates fried chicken from other fried forms of chicken is that generally the chicken is cut at the joints, and the bones and skin are left intact.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ Crisp well-seasoned skin, rendered of excess fat, is a hallmark of well made fried chicken.", "Fried chicken __knowledge__ The first dish known to have been deep fried was fritters, which were popular in the Middle Ages.", "Chicken Kiev __knowledge__ Chicken Kiev (, \"kotleta po-kyivsky\", , \"kotleta po-kiyevski\"; literally \"cutlet Kiev-style\") is a dish of chicken fillet pounded and rolled around cold butter, then coated with eggs and bread crumbs, and either fried or baked.", "Chicken Kiev __knowledge__ In general, the dish of stuffed chicken breast is also known in Ukrainian, Russian and Polish cuisines as côtelette de volaille (, ; from French \"chicken cutlet\").", "Chicken Kiev __knowledge__ Since fillets are often referred to as suprêmes in professional cookery, the dish is also named suprême de volaille à la Kiev.", "Chicken Kiev __knowledge__ It is particularly popular in the Post-Soviet states, several other countries of the former Eastern Bloc, and in the English-speaking world.", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC, until 1991 known as Kentucky Fried Chicken, is an American fast food restaurant chain that specializes in fried chicken.", "KFC __knowledge__ Headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky, it is the world's second-largest restaurant chain (as measured by sales) after McDonald's, with almost 20,000 locations globally in 123 countries and territories .", "KFC __knowledge__ The chain is a subsidiary of Yum!", "KFC __knowledge__ Brands, a restaurant company that also owns the Pizza Hut and Taco Bell chains.", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders, an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky during the Great Depression." ] ]

[ 0, 82, 40, 0, 10 ]

[ "I like plain and simple, usually just cook it with barbeque sauce or Italian dressing. Just can't go wrong.", "Chicken parmesian is a good one. Italian chicken dishes are one of the most popular in the world.", "Good old KFC in my opinion. Colonel Sanders is much better at cooking chicken than I am. I think his first restaurant was open in Kentucky during the Great Depression. How do you like to cook chicken?", "Good question, maybe just good ole chicken Fajita's. I don't cook many Mexican chicken dishes. ", "Beer can chicken might be a good one. It's a barbecued chicken dish and you put the beer in the chicken's cavity before cooking. Do you have any favorite recipes?" ]

[ "List of chicken dishes", "List of chicken dishes", "List of chicken dishes", "List of chicken dishes", "List of chicken dishes" ]

[ "Widow", "I am sorry to hear about your loss. What was the cause of your husband's death?", "That must be very painful. I am very sorry. What date did he die?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died and a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The treatment of widows and widowers around the world varies.", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died, while a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The state of having lost one's spouse to death is termed \"widowhood\".", "Widow __knowledge__ These terms are not applied to a divorcé(e) following the death of an ex-spouse.", "Widow __knowledge__ The term \"widowhood\" can be used for either sex, at least according to some dictionaries, but the word \"widowerhood\" is also listed in some dictionaries.", "Widow __knowledge__ Occasionally, the word \"viduity\" is used.", "Widow __knowledge__ The adjective for either sex is \"widowed\".", "Widow __knowledge__ In societies where the husband is the sole provider, his death can leave his family destitute.", "Widow __knowledge__ The tendency for women generally to outlive men can compound this, as can men in many societies marrying women younger than themselves.", "Widow __knowledge__ In some patriarchal societies, widows may maintain economic independence.", "Widow __knowledge__ A woman would carry on her spouse's business and be accorded certain rights, such as entering guilds.", "Widow __knowledge__ More recently, widows of political figures have been among the first women elected to high office in many countries, such as Corazón Aquino or Isabel Martínez de Perón." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died and a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The treatment of widows and widowers around the world varies.", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died, while a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The state of having lost one's spouse to death is termed \"widowhood\".", "Widow __knowledge__ These terms are not applied to a divorcé(e) following the death of an ex-spouse.", "Widow __knowledge__ The term \"widowhood\" can be used for either sex, at least according to some dictionaries, but the word \"widowerhood\" is also listed in some dictionaries.", "Widow __knowledge__ Occasionally, the word \"viduity\" is used.", "Widow __knowledge__ The adjective for either sex is \"widowed\".", "Widow __knowledge__ In societies where the husband is the sole provider, his death can leave his family destitute.", "Widow __knowledge__ The tendency for women generally to outlive men can compound this, as can men in many societies marrying women younger than themselves.", "Widow __knowledge__ In some patriarchal societies, widows may maintain economic independence.", "Widow __knowledge__ A woman would carry on her spouse's business and be accorded certain rights, such as entering guilds.", "Widow __knowledge__ More recently, widows of political figures have been among the first women elected to high office in many countries, such as Corazón Aquino or Isabel Martínez de Perón.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry\" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé for her sixth studio album \"Lemonade\" (2016).", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ It was written and produced by Wynter Gordon, Sean \"Melo-X\" Rhoden and Beyoncé, with Hit-Boy serving as a co-producer and Stuart White as an additional producer.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ Columbia Records serviced it to radio stations as the album's second single on May 3, 2016.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry\" is an electro-R&B song with a thumping rhythm created by drum beats, synthesizers and bells.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ The song's lyrics revolve around the protagonist dealing with betrayal of a companion with a woman.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ Due to the numerous allegations featured in the song, media linked its subject matter to the singer and her spouse, Jay-Z.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ State of Florida v. George Zimmerman was a criminal prosecution of George Zimmerman on the charge of second-degree murder stemming from the shooting of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ On April 11, 2012, George Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ In support of the charges, the State filed an affidavit of probable cause, stating that Zimmerman profiled and confronted Martin and shot him to death while Martin was committing no crimes.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ Florida State Attorney Angela Corey announced the charges against Zimmerman during a televised press conference and reported that Zimmerman was in custody after turning himself in to law enforcement.", "Hearing loss __knowledge__ Hearing loss, also known as hearing impairment, is a partial or total inability to hear.", "Hearing loss __knowledge__ A deaf person has little to no hearing.", "Hearing loss __knowledge__ Hearing loss may occur in one or both ears.", "Hearing loss __knowledge__ In children hearing problems can affect the ability to learn spoken language and in adults it can cause work related difficulties.", "Hearing loss __knowledge__ In some people, particularly older people, hearing loss can result in loneliness.", "Hearing loss __knowledge__ Hearing loss can be temporary or permanent.", "Hearing loss __knowledge__ Hearing loss may be caused by a number of factors, including: genetics, ageing, exposure to noise, some infections, birth complications, trauma to the ear, and certain medications or toxins.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ Sorry, Sorry is the third studio album by South Korean boy band Super Junior, released on March 12, 2009 in South Korea.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ \"Sorry, Sorry\" was a critically and commercially successful hit in Asia, becoming 2009's best-selling Korean-language album in South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, China, and the Philippines.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ In less than a week after pre-orders were announced, over 150,000 copies were pre-ordered.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ According to South Korea's Hanteo Charts, it debuted at 1st on the charts with almost 30,000 copies sold on the first day.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ The album won a Disk Daesang (Album of the Year) at the 2009 Golden Disk Awards.", "Til I Hear It from You __knowledge__ \"Til I Hear It from You\" is a track by the Gin Blossoms which was released as the lead single from the soundtrack to the film \"Empire Records\" in August 1995.", "Til I Hear It from You __knowledge__ In January 1996 the track was re-released as a double-A side single with the track \"Follow You Down\".", "Til I Hear It from You __knowledge__ \"Billboard\" magazine described \"Til I Hear It from You\" as \"the closest thing to a perfect pop song to hit radio in recent memory\" lauding its \"breezy and wonderfully infectious melody, the boy-needs-girl lyrics, and the earnest execution.\"", "Til I Hear It from You __knowledge__ Gin Blossoms' guitarist Jesse Valenzuela would recall writing the song with Marshall Crenshaw in a hotel in Austin, Texas where the Gin Blossoms and Crenshaw were both participating in South by Southwest.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ Jiya Jale was a popular Hindi TV serial that aired on 9X channel from 19 November 2007 to 19 June 2008, Monday to Thursday at 8:30 pm IND / 9.00pm UK, based on the concept of love story of Sunaina and Chandan.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show was replaced by Dahhej, another popular show on 9X.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show aired again on 9X in 2009 due to its popularity.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show also aired on Zee Anmol and Zee Lamhee in 2015.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story is based on the life of an ordinary girl Sunaina, who was brought up in a close and caring family.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story takes off when Sunaina has just fallen in the love with the idea of love, when she meets Chandan.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry\" is a song recorded by Canadian singer Justin Bieber for his fourth studio album, \"Purpose\" (2015).", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ Written by Bieber, Julia Michaels, Justin Tranter, Sonny Moore, and Michael Tucker; the song was produced by Skrillex and BloodPop.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ It was released on October 23, 2015, as the second single from the album.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ A dancehall-pop and tropical house song, \"Sorry\" contains in its instrumentation \"brassy horn bleats\", warm island rhythms and a dembow riddim beat.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ Lyrically, \"Sorry\" is a plea for a chance to apologize to a lover, with Bieber asking forgiveness and a second chance to redeem himself.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ The song allegedly samples \"Ring The Bell\" by White Hinterland.", "I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue __knowledge__ I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue is a BBC radio comedy panel game.", "I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue __knowledge__ Introduced as \"the antidote to panel games\", it consists of two teams of two comedians \"given silly things to do\" by a chairman.", "I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue __knowledge__ The show launched in April 1972 as a parody of radio and TV panel games, and has been broadcast since on BBC Radio 4 and the BBC World Service, with repeats aired on BBC Radio 4 Extra.", "I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue __knowledge__ The 50th series was broadcast in November and December 2007.", "I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue __knowledge__ After a period of split chairmanship in the first series, Humphrey Lyttelton (\"Humph\") served in this role from the programme's inception until his death in 2008.", "I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue __knowledge__ In April 2008, following the hospitalisation and subsequent death of Lyttelton, recording of the 51st series was postponed.", "Michelle Fowler __knowledge__ Michelle Ann Fowler (also Holloway) is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\", played by Susan Tully from the first episode in 1985 until the character's departure in 1995.", "Michelle Fowler __knowledge__ In December 2016, it was announced Michelle would be returning to the show after 21 years, with actress Jenna Russell taking over the role making her first appearance on 24 December 2016.", "Michelle Fowler __knowledge__ In her first stint Michelle made some huge mistakes during her time in Albert Square mainly through having a habit of choosing the wrong men and her stubborn nature meant that she rarely accepted help or listened to good advice.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon Anne Mitchell (also Watts and Rickman) is a fictional character from the BBC One soap opera \"EastEnders\", played by Letitia Dean.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon is one of \"EastEnders\" original characters, appearing in the first episode broadcast on 19 February 1985.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ The character was conceptualised by Tony Holland and Julia Smith, the creators of \"EastEnders\".", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon was a teenager when the programme began: the adoptive daughter of Den and Angie Watts.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon remained a prominent character into the 1990s due to romantic pairings with brothers Grant (Ross Kemp) and Phil Mitchell (Steve McFadden).", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ In a long-running storyline dubbed \"Sharongate\", Sharon, married to Grant, has an affair with Phil.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ Sati or suttee is an obsolete funeral custom where a widow immolates herself on her husband's pyre or takes her own life in another fashion shortly after her husband's death.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ Mention of the practice can be dated back to the 3rd century BC, while evidence of practice by widows of kings only appears beginning between the 5th and 9th centuries CE.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ The practice is considered to have originated within the warrior aristocracy in India, gradually gaining in popularity from the 10th century AD and spreading to other groups from the 12th through 18th century CE.", "Sati (practice) __knowledge__ The practice was particularly prevalent among some Hindu communities, observed in aristocratic Sikh families, and has been attested to outside South Asia in a number of localities in Southeast Asia, such as in Indonesia and Vietnam.", "List of Santa Barbara cast and characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Santa Barbara\" cast and characters.", "List of Santa Barbara cast and characters __knowledge__ The following characters are notable for their actions or relationships and/or part of a notable family from the series, who warrant their own articles.", "List of Santa Barbara cast and characters __knowledge__ The following are notable characters who do not warrant their own articles.", "List of Santa Barbara cast and characters __knowledge__ \"Rupert Ravens (July 30, 1984-November 28, 1986)\" Danny, Santana's younger brother, was part of the very first teen set on the show.", "List of Santa Barbara cast and characters __knowledge__ Danny and his friends sought fame in Hollywood and even opened a hotel.", "List of Santa Barbara cast and characters __knowledge__ He was involved with Jade Perkins, but their relationship was eventually phased out.", "List of Santa Barbara cast and characters __knowledge__ By 1985 Danny was almost forgotten.", "Early human migrations __knowledge__ The earliest migrations and expansions of archaic and modern humans across continents began 2 million years ago with the migration out of Africa of \"Homo erectus\", followed by other archaic humans including \"H. heidelbergensis\", the likely ancestor of both anatomically modern humans and Neanderthals, around 500,000 years ago.", "Early human migrations __knowledge__ Within Africa, \"Homo sapiens\" diverged around the time of its speciation, roughly 300,000 years ago.", "Early human migrations __knowledge__ The \"recent African origin\" paradigm suggests that the anatomically modern humans outside of Africa descend from a population of \"Homo sapiens\" migrating from East Africa after roughly 70,000 years ago and spread along the southern coast of Asia and to Oceania before 50,000 years ago.", "'Allo 'Allo! (series 9) __knowledge__ The ninth series of the British sitcom series \"'Allo 'Allo!\"", "'Allo 'Allo! (series 9) __knowledge__ contains six episodes which first aired between 9 November and 14 December 1992.", "'Allo 'Allo! (series 9) __knowledge__ Series 9 was the last series of the show, and contains the final regular episode (\"The Best of 'Allo 'Allo!\"", "'Allo 'Allo! (series 9) __knowledge__ aired some two years later; but was mostly made up of archive footage).", "'Allo 'Allo! (series 9) __knowledge__ Richard Gibson did not take part in the final series; so the character of Herr Otto Flick was taken over by David Janson.", "'Allo 'Allo! (series 9) __knowledge__ The following episode names are the ones found on the British R2 DVDs with alternate region titles given below them.", "'Allo 'Allo! (series 9) __knowledge__ René is happy, since, as at the end of the last episode, life is good again.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 2017, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ All characters are introduced by the show's executive producer Sean O'Connor or, from 27 November, his successor as executive consultant, John Yorke.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The first character to be introduced was Keegan Baker (Zack Morris), a friend of Shakil Kazemi (Shaheen Jafargholi), followed by Emerald Fox (Doña Croll), the mother of Denise Fox (Diane Parish) and Kim Fox-Hubbard (Tameka Empson).", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ Madison Drake (Seraphina Beh), Alexandra D'Costa (Sydney Craven) and Travis Law-Hughes (Alex James-Phelps), three new teenage characters, were also introduced in January as well as their school teacher Mr Gethin Pryce (Cerith Flinn) and Hugo Browning (Simon Williams), the chairman of Weyland & Co.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Volcanology of Canada includes lava flows, lava plateaus, lava domes, cinder cones, stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, submarine volcanoes, calderas, diatremes, and maars, along with examples of more less common volcanic forms such as tuyas and subglacial mounds.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ It has a very complex volcanological history spanning from the Precambrian eon at least 3.11 billion years ago when this part of the North American continent began to form.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Although the country's volcanic activity dates back to the Precambrian eon, volcanism continues to occur in Western and Northern Canada where it forms part of an encircling chain of volcanoes and frequent earthquakes around the Pacific Ocean called the Pacific Ring of Fire.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "North China Craton __knowledge__ The North China Craton is a continental crustal block with one of Earth's most complete and complex record of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic processes.", "North China Craton __knowledge__ It is located in northeast China, Inner Mongolia, the Yellow Sea, and North Korea.", "North China Craton __knowledge__ The term craton designates this as a piece of continent that is stable, buoyant and rigid.", "North China Craton __knowledge__ Basic properties of the cratonic crust include being thick (around 200 km), relatively cold when compared to other regions, and low density.", "North China Craton __knowledge__ The North China Craton is an ancient craton, which experienced a long period of stability and fitted the definition of a craton well." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died and a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The treatment of widows and widowers around the world varies.", "Widow __knowledge__ A widow is a woman whose spouse has died, while a widower is a man whose spouse has died.", "Widow __knowledge__ The state of having lost one's spouse to death is termed \"widowhood\".", "Widow __knowledge__ These terms are not applied to a divorcé(e) following the death of an ex-spouse.", "Widow __knowledge__ The term \"widowhood\" can be used for either sex, at least according to some dictionaries, but the word \"widowerhood\" is also listed in some dictionaries.", "Widow __knowledge__ Occasionally, the word \"viduity\" is used.", "Widow __knowledge__ The adjective for either sex is \"widowed\".", "Widow __knowledge__ In societies where the husband is the sole provider, his death can leave his family destitute.", "Widow __knowledge__ The tendency for women generally to outlive men can compound this, as can men in many societies marrying women younger than themselves.", "Widow __knowledge__ In some patriarchal societies, widows may maintain economic independence.", "Widow __knowledge__ A woman would carry on her spouse's business and be accorded certain rights, such as entering guilds.", "Widow __knowledge__ More recently, widows of political figures have been among the first women elected to high office in many countries, such as Corazón Aquino or Isabel Martínez de Perón.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ William Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam PC (30 May 1748 – 8 February 1833), styled Viscount Milton until 1756, was a British Whig statesman of the late 18th and early 19th centuries.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ In 1782 he inherited the estates of his uncle Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, making him one of the richest people in Britain.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ He played a leading part in Whig politics until the 1820s.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ Fitzwilliam was the son of William Fitzwilliam, 3rd Earl Fitzwilliam, by his wife Lady Anne, daughter of Thomas Watson-Wentworth, 1st Marquess of Rockingham.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ Prime Minister Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham was his maternal uncle.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ Sorry, Sorry is the third studio album by South Korean boy band Super Junior, released on March 12, 2009 in South Korea.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ \"Sorry, Sorry\" was a critically and commercially successful hit in Asia, becoming 2009's best-selling Korean-language album in South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, China, and the Philippines.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ In less than a week after pre-orders were announced, over 150,000 copies were pre-ordered.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ According to South Korea's Hanteo Charts, it debuted at 1st on the charts with almost 30,000 copies sold on the first day.", "Sorry, Sorry __knowledge__ The album won a Disk Daesang (Album of the Year) at the 2009 Golden Disk Awards.", "Sorry! (game) __knowledge__ Sorry!", "Sorry! (game) __knowledge__ is a board game that is based on the ancient cross and circle game \"Pachisi\".", "Sorry! (game) __knowledge__ Players try to travel around the board with their pieces (called pawns) faster than any other player.", "Sorry! (game) __knowledge__ Originally manufactured by W.H.", "Sorry! (game) __knowledge__ Storey & Co in England and now by Hasbro, \"Sorry!\"", "Sorry! (game) __knowledge__ is marketed for two to four players, ages six through adult.", "Sorry! (game) __knowledge__ The game title comes from the many ways in which a player can negate the progress of another, while issuing an apologetic \"Sorry!\"", "Sorry! (game) __knowledge__ The objective is to be the first player to get all four of their colored pawns from their start space, around the board (sometimes \"backwards\"; see below) to their \"home\" space.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry\" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé for her sixth studio album \"Lemonade\" (2016).", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ It was written and produced by Wynter Gordon, Sean \"Melo-X\" Rhoden and Beyoncé, with Hit-Boy serving as a co-producer and Stuart White as an additional producer.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ Columbia Records serviced it to radio stations as the album's second single on May 3, 2016.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry\" is an electro-R&B song with a thumping rhythm created by drum beats, synthesizers and bells.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ The song's lyrics revolve around the protagonist dealing with betrayal of a companion with a woman.", "Sorry (Beyoncé song) __knowledge__ Due to the numerous allegations featured in the song, media linked its subject matter to the singer and her spouse, Jay-Z.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry\" is a song recorded by Canadian singer Justin Bieber for his fourth studio album, \"Purpose\" (2015).", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ Written by Bieber, Julia Michaels, Justin Tranter, Sonny Moore, and Michael Tucker; the song was produced by Skrillex and BloodPop.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ It was released on October 23, 2015, as the second single from the album.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ A dancehall-pop and tropical house song, \"Sorry\" contains in its instrumentation \"brassy horn bleats\", warm island rhythms and a dembow riddim beat.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ Lyrically, \"Sorry\" is a plea for a chance to apologize to a lover, with Bieber asking forgiveness and a second chance to redeem himself.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ The song allegedly samples \"Ring The Bell\" by White Hinterland.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "List of minor Buffy the Vampire Slayer characters __knowledge__ Buffy the Vampire Slayer is an American franchise which spans several media and genres.", "List of minor Buffy the Vampire Slayer characters __knowledge__ It began in 1992 with the film \"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\", written by Joss Whedon and directed by Fran Rubel Kuzui, and was resurrected as the television series, \"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\" in 1997.", "List of minor Buffy the Vampire Slayer characters __knowledge__ The show's popularity caused it to spawn a multitude of Expanded Universe tie-in material such as comic books, novels, and video games, as well as a spin-off program entitled \"Angel\".", "List of minor Buffy the Vampire Slayer characters __knowledge__ In 2007, four years after the television series' seventh and final season, \"Buffy the Vampire Slayer\" was officially continued in the comic book \"Season Eight\".", "Horse colic __knowledge__ Colic in horses is defined as abdominal pain, but it is a clinical sign rather than a diagnosis.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ The term colic can encompass all forms of gastrointestinal conditions which cause pain as well as other causes of abdominal pain not involving the gastrointestinal tract.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ The most common forms of colic are gastrointestinal in nature and are most often related to colonic disturbance.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ There are a variety of different causes of colic, some of which can prove fatal without surgical intervention.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ Colic surgery is usually an expensive procedure as it is major abdominal surgery, often with intensive aftercare.", "Sorry Not Sorry (Demi Lovato song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry Not Sorry\" is a song recorded by American singer Demi Lovato.", "Sorry Not Sorry (Demi Lovato song) __knowledge__ She co-wrote the song with Sean Douglas, Trevor Brown, William Zaire Simmons and its producer Oak Felder.", "Sorry Not Sorry (Demi Lovato song) __knowledge__ It was released on July 11, 2017, through Island Records, Republic Records, Hollywood Records, and Safehouse Records, as the first single from her sixth album, \"Tell Me You Love Me\".", "Sorry Not Sorry (Demi Lovato song) __knowledge__ An acoustic version of the song is included on the deluxe version of the album.", "Sorry Not Sorry (Demi Lovato song) __knowledge__ Commercially, \"Sorry Not Sorry\" has reached the top ten in the United States, Australia, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom, as well as the top 20 in Canada, the Czech Republic, Norway, and Portugal.", "Sorry, Sorry (Super Junior song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry, Sorry\" is a song performed by South Korean boy band Super Junior.", "Sorry, Sorry (Super Junior song) __knowledge__ It was released as a digital single on 9 March 2009 and was later included as the title single in the group's third studio album, \"Sorry, Sorry\", released on 12 March 2009.", "Sorry, Sorry (Super Junior song) __knowledge__ This song was Super Junior's comeback single as a complete group since their subgroup activities in Mainland China and South Korea in 2008.", "Sorry, Sorry (Super Junior song) __knowledge__ It was Super Junior's most successful single in the music charts, winning a total of 10 recognitions during the song's promotional period.", "Sorry, Sorry (Super Junior song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry, Sorry\" was written by Yoo Young-jin, who wrote \"Don't Don\", the title track of Super Junior's second album \"Don't Don\".", "Rosamund Clifford __knowledge__ Rosamund Clifford (before 1150 – c. 1176), often called \"\"The Fair Rosamund\"\" or the \"\"Rose of the World\"\", was famed for her beauty and was a mistress of King Henry II of England, famous in English folklore.", "Rosamund Clifford __knowledge__ Rosamund is believed to have been the daughter of the marcher lord Walter de Clifford and his wife Margaret.", "Rosamund Clifford __knowledge__ Walter was originally known as Walter fitz Richard (i.e.", "Rosamund Clifford __knowledge__ son of Richard), but his name was gradually changed to that of his major holding, first as steward, then as lord.", "Rosamund Clifford __knowledge__ This was Clifford Castle on the River Wye in Herefordshire.", "Rosamund Clifford __knowledge__ Rosamund had two sisters, Amice and Lucy.", "Rosamund Clifford __knowledge__ Amice married Osbern fitz Hugh of Richard's Castle, Herefordshire, and Lucy, Hugh de Say of Stokesay, Shropshire.", "The Robber Bridegroom (musical) __knowledge__ The Robber Bridegroom is a musical with a book and lyrics by Alfred Uhry and music by Robert Waldman.", "The Robber Bridegroom (musical) __knowledge__ The story is based on the 1942 novella by Eudora Welty of the same name, with a Robin Hood-like hero; the adaptation placed it in a late 18th-century American setting.", "The Robber Bridegroom (musical) __knowledge__ The musical ran on Broadway in 1975 and again in 1976.", "The Robber Bridegroom (musical) __knowledge__ The show started with an early 1970s production at St Clements Theatre in producer Stuart Ostrow's Musical Theatre Lab, which invented the concept of the \"workshop\" development process for musicals.", "The Robber Bridegroom (musical) __knowledge__ Raul Julia starred as Lockhart.. Other cast members included Steve Vinovich (Clemment Musgrove), Rhonda Coullet (Rosamund), John Getz (Little Harp), Ernie Sabella (Big Harp), Trip Plymale (Goat), Dana Kyle (Airie), Susan Berger (Salome), John Houseman bought the show for his group, The Acting Company and took it to the Saratoga Performing Arts Center in Saratoga Springs, New York with Kevin Kline replacing Julia, Patti LuPone as Rosamund, and Mary Lou Rosato as Salome.", "Weatherfield __knowledge__ Weatherfield is a fictional town based on Salford which is the setting for the British ITV soap opera \"Coronation Street\".", "Weatherfield __knowledge__ Much of Weatherfield has been seen by viewers throughout the years, though the primary focus from the viewer's perspective is the Coronation Street, a cobbled street where many of the programme's characters live.", "Weatherfield __knowledge__ Weatherfield areas are often shot on location around Manchester, as its filming studios, the Granada Studios complex on Quay Street in Manchester city centre (closed 2013) and its new set MediaCityUK in Salford Quays (opened 2014), only house the outdoor sets of Coronation Street and its immediate surrounding streets.", "Eleanor of Aquitaine __knowledge__ Eleanor of Aquitaine (, ; 1122  – 1 April 1204) was Queen consort of France (1137–1152) and England (1154–1189) and Duchess of Aquitaine in her own right.", "Eleanor of Aquitaine __knowledge__ As a member of the Ramnulfids (House of Poitiers) rulers in southwestern France, she was one of the most powerful and wealthiest women in western Europe during the High Middle Ages.", "Eleanor of Aquitaine __knowledge__ She was patron of literary figures such as Wace, Benoît de Sainte-Maure, and Bernart de Ventadorn.", "Eleanor of Aquitaine __knowledge__ She led armies several times in her life and was a leader of the Second Crusade.", "Eleanor of Aquitaine __knowledge__ As Duchess of Aquitaine, Eleanor was the most eligible bride in Europe.", "Eleanor of Aquitaine __knowledge__ Three months after becoming duchess upon the death of her father, William X, she married King Louis VII of France, son of her guardian, King Louis VI.", "Abbey Connectors __knowledge__ Abbey Connectors are titles by Elsie J. Oxenham that connect into her main Abbey Series They fall into several sub-series, listed here in best reading order, with the Abbey Titles they relate to shown in their place in the mini-series, but without publication details, which are on the main Abbey Series page: The Camp Keema Series introduces Maribel Ritchie (later Marchwood) and Rosalind Firth.", "Abbey Connectors __knowledge__ The first two books in this series, \"Crisis in Camp Keema\" and \"Peggy and the Brotherhood\", are set in a fictionalised Worthing, Sussex.", "Abbey Connectors __knowledge__ The third, \"Camp Mystery\", is set at Talloires on Lake Annecy, France and introduces Cecily Brown (later Perowne).", "Helmichis __knowledge__ Helmichis (\"fl.\"", "Helmichis __knowledge__ 572) was a Lombard noble who killed his king, Alboin, in 572 and unsuccessfully attempted to usurp his throne.", "Helmichis __knowledge__ Alboin's queen, Rosamund, supported or at least did not oppose Helmichis' plan to remove the king, and after the assassination Helmichis married her.", "Helmichis __knowledge__ The assassination was assisted by Peredeo, the king's chamber-guard, who in some sources becomes the material executer of the murder.", "Helmichis __knowledge__ Helmichis is first mentioned by the contemporary chronicler Marius of Avenches, but the most detailed account of his endeavours derives from Paul the Deacon's late 8th-century \"Historia Langobardorum\".", "Rosamund Felsen Gallery __knowledge__ The Rosamund Felsen Gallery is one of the longest-running art galleries in Los Angeles, California, involved in and influencing the broader American art community since its establishment in 1978.", "Rosamund Felsen Gallery __knowledge__ The gallery has operated four locations since its inception: first on La Cienega Boulevard in Los Angeles, then on Santa Monica Boulevard in West Hollywood, later at Bergamot Station in Santa Monica, and finally in the Arts District, Los Angeles in Downtown Los Angeles.", "Rosamund Felsen Gallery __knowledge__ Rosamund Felsen Gallery was established in 1978 on N. La Cienega Boulevard in Los Angeles, California.", "Rosamund Felsen Gallery __knowledge__ In the gallery's first year, the artists exhibited were Guy Dill, Richard Jackson, Keith Sonnier, Peter Lodato, Alexis Smith, Maria Nordman, and William Wegman.", "The Millstone (novel) __knowledge__ The Millstone is a novel by Margaret Drabble, first published in 1965.", "The Millstone (novel) __knowledge__ It is about an unmarried, young academic who becomes pregnant after a one-night stand and, against all odds, decides to give birth to her child and raise it herself.", "The Millstone (novel) __knowledge__ Drabble has acknowledged the source of the title to be in Christ's words: \"But whoso shall offend one of these little ones who believe in me, it were better that a millstone were hanged about his neck and that he were drowned in the depth of the sea\" (Matthew 18:6).", "The Millstone (novel) __knowledge__ The parallel between Christ's words and the plot of the novel is established through the innocent though illegitimate baby, Octavia, the \"little one\", who is subject to harm, her congenital heart defect rendering her vulnerable in the extreme.", "List of General Hospital characters (1990s) __knowledge__ \"General Hospital\" is the longest running American television serial drama, airing on ABC.", "List of General Hospital characters (1990s) __knowledge__ Created by Frank and Doris Hursley, who originally set it in a general hospital (hence the title), in an unnamed fictional city.", "List of General Hospital characters (1990s) __knowledge__ In the 1970s, the city was named Port Charles, New York.", "List of General Hospital characters (1990s) __knowledge__ The series premiered on April 1, 1963.", "List of General Hospital characters (1990s) __knowledge__ This is a list of notable characters who significantly impacted storylines and began their run, or significantly returned, from the years 1990 to 1999.", "List of General Hospital characters (1990s) __knowledge__ Brook Lynn Ashton is a fictional character on the ABC soap opera \"General Hospital\".", "List of General Hospital characters (1990s) __knowledge__ On the series, she is the daughter of Ned Ashton and Lois Cerullo, and was named after her mother's hometown of Brooklyn." ] ]

[ 1, 17, 0 ]

[ "Hello, I'm Michelle. I'm a newly widow, my husband died a few years ago.", "He and his sister Rosamund were in a car accident, unfortunately.", "Time heals the unbearable pain, fortunately enough. It was March 25th, 2013." ]

[ "Widow", "Widow", "Widow" ]

[ "Beagle\nDo you like beagles?", "I did not know that, what else did you know about beagles?", "Cool. What other dogs do you like?", "I love poodles." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beagle __knowledge__ The Beagle is a breed of small hound that is similar in appearance to the much larger foxhound.", "Beagle __knowledge__ The beagle is a scent hound, developed primarily for hunting hare.", "Beagle __knowledge__ With a great sense of smell and superior tracking instinct, the beagle is employed as detection dog for prohibited agricultural imports and foodstuffs in quarantine around the world.", "Beagle __knowledge__ The beagle is intelligent but single-minded.", "Beagle __knowledge__ It is a popular pet due to its size, good temper, and lack of inherited health problems.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Although beagle-type dogs have existed for 2,500 years, the modern breed was developed in Great Britain around the 1830s from several breeds, including the Talbot Hound, the North Country Beagle, the Southern Hound, and possibly the Harrier.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Beagles have been depicted in popular culture since Elizabethan times in literature and paintings, and more recently in film, television, and comic books.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Snoopy of the comic strip \"Peanuts\" has been called \"the world's most famous beagle\".", "Beagle __knowledge__ Dogs of similar size and purpose to the modern beagle can be traced in Ancient Greece back to around the 5th century BC.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Xenophon, born around 430 BC, in his \"Treatise on Hunting\" or \"Cynegeticus\" refers to a hound that hunted hares by scent and was followed on foot.", "Beagling __knowledge__ Beagling is the hunting mainly of hares, but also rabbits, but definitely not foxes by beagles by scent.", "Beagling __knowledge__ A beagle pack (10 or more hounds) is usually followed on foot, and in some limited examples, mounted.", "Beagling __knowledge__ Beagling is often enjoyed by 'retired' fox hunters who have either sustained too many injuries or lost the agility to ride horseback, or who enjoy the outdoors and the camaraderie of the hunt.", "Beagling __knowledge__ It is also traditionally a way for young men and women to learn how to handle hounds on a smaller scale before they go on to hunt with foxhounds.", "Beagling __knowledge__ In the UK and Ireland, the traditional quarry of beagle packs has been the hare.", "Edinburgh Beagles __knowledge__ The Edinburgh Beagles was a British ice hockey team that played in the Northern Conference of Division 2 in the British Universities Ice Hockey Association.", "Edinburgh Beagles __knowledge__ They played their home games at Murrayfield Ice Rink in Edinburgh, Scotland and are associated with the Edinburgh Eagles (ice hockey).", "Edinburgh Beagles __knowledge__ The Beagles were formed in 2008 by Richard 'Rambo' Gray; they are an affiliate of the Edinburgh Eagles who were formed in 2003 by Amy Slater.", "Edinburgh Beagles __knowledge__ They are an Ice hockey club that caters primarily to university players.", "Edinburgh Beagles __knowledge__ They accept players from any higher education institution in Scotland.", "Edinburgh Beagles __knowledge__ The Beagles were formed as an expansion due to the increasing numbers of less experienced players joining the Eagles.", "John Beagles __knowledge__ John Beagles (1844 – 8 January 1907) was an English printer and publisher, especially of real photo postcards, through his company, J. Beagles & Co. John Beagles was born in Whaplode Drove, Lincolnshire, in 1844 to John and Jane Beagles, and christened on 11 June 1844.", "John Beagles __knowledge__ His father was a \"butcher master\".", "John Beagles __knowledge__ In 1861, John Beagles junior was recorded as a \"pupil teacher\".", "John Beagles __knowledge__ In the 1891 census, Beagles was recorded as a \"photographic publisher\" in Nottingham in the household of Thomas William Stevenson, printer, who would later be his executor.", "John Beagles __knowledge__ Later, he traded as J. Beagles & Co. from Little Britain, London, E.C.", "Sport Goofy in Soccermania __knowledge__ Sport Goofy in Soccermania is an animated television special produced by The Walt Disney Company.", "Sport Goofy in Soccermania __knowledge__ It originally aired May 27, 1987 on NBC.", "Sport Goofy in Soccermania __knowledge__ During its TV debut it was preceded by a mockumentary showing past Goofy cartoons of him always getting everything wrong, and leading into the cartoon special where the audience is finally shown a competent, athletic Goofy who is the hero.", "Sport Goofy in Soccermania __knowledge__ In the half-hour special, Huey, Dewey, and Louie ask for help from Scrooge McDuck for their new soccer team by requesting he donate $1.49 to buy a championship trophy.", "Sport Goofy in Soccermania __knowledge__ Scrooge, being his typical stingy self, goes into a rant of \"A dollar forty-nine!", "The Beagles (TV series) __knowledge__ The Beagles is an animated cartoon television series that aired on CBS from September 10, 1966, to September 2, 1967, and later in reruns on ABC from September 9, 1967, to September 2, 1968.", "The Beagles (TV series) __knowledge__ It was produced by Total Television which created \"King Leonardo and His Short Subjects\", \"Tennessee Tuxedo and His Tales\", and \"Underdog\".", "The Beagles (TV series) __knowledge__ The show drew some inspiration from the famous musical group The Beatles, who had an animated program of their own at that time.", "The Beagles (TV series) __knowledge__ In fact the run on CBS was scheduled opposite The Beatles' own show.", "The Beagles (TV series) __knowledge__ The show was shown on early morning TV on Channel 9 in Australia in 1970.", "Beagle Brigade __knowledge__ Beagle Brigade is a team of beagles and their human handlers who, as part of the United States Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), inspect luggage at U.S. airports searching for agricultural products.", "Beagle Brigade __knowledge__ According to the USDA, the Beagle Brigade program averages around 75,000 seizures of prohibited agricultural products a year.", "Beagle Brigade __knowledge__ Unauthorized meat, animal byproducts, fruit and vegetables can carry diseases and pests that have the potential to infect U.S. agriculture.", "Beagle Brigade __knowledge__ For example, foot-and-mouth disease could be introduced into the U.S. via contaminated meat products brought into the country by a traveller." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beagle __knowledge__ The Beagle is a breed of small hound that is similar in appearance to the much larger foxhound.", "Beagle __knowledge__ The beagle is a scent hound, developed primarily for hunting hare.", "Beagle __knowledge__ With a great sense of smell and superior tracking instinct, the beagle is employed as detection dog for prohibited agricultural imports and foodstuffs in quarantine around the world.", "Beagle __knowledge__ The beagle is intelligent but single-minded.", "Beagle __knowledge__ It is a popular pet due to its size, good temper, and lack of inherited health problems.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Although beagle-type dogs have existed for 2,500 years, the modern breed was developed in Great Britain around the 1830s from several breeds, including the Talbot Hound, the North Country Beagle, the Southern Hound, and possibly the Harrier.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Beagles have been depicted in popular culture since Elizabethan times in literature and paintings, and more recently in film, television, and comic books.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Snoopy of the comic strip \"Peanuts\" has been called \"the world's most famous beagle\".", "Beagle __knowledge__ Dogs of similar size and purpose to the modern beagle can be traced in Ancient Greece back to around the 5th century BC.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Xenophon, born around 430 BC, in his \"Treatise on Hunting\" or \"Cynegeticus\" refers to a hound that hunted hares by scent and was followed on foot.", "Edinburgh Beagles __knowledge__ The Edinburgh Beagles was a British ice hockey team that played in the Northern Conference of Division 2 in the British Universities Ice Hockey Association.", "Edinburgh Beagles __knowledge__ They played their home games at Murrayfield Ice Rink in Edinburgh, Scotland and are associated with the Edinburgh Eagles (ice hockey).", "Edinburgh Beagles __knowledge__ The Beagles were formed in 2008 by Richard 'Rambo' Gray; they are an affiliate of the Edinburgh Eagles who were formed in 2003 by Amy Slater.", "Edinburgh Beagles __knowledge__ They are an Ice hockey club that caters primarily to university players.", "Edinburgh Beagles __knowledge__ They accept players from any higher education institution in Scotland.", "Edinburgh Beagles __knowledge__ The Beagles were formed as an expansion due to the increasing numbers of less experienced players joining the Eagles.", "Beagling __knowledge__ Beagling is the hunting mainly of hares, but also rabbits, but definitely not foxes by beagles by scent.", "Beagling __knowledge__ A beagle pack (10 or more hounds) is usually followed on foot, and in some limited examples, mounted.", "Beagling __knowledge__ Beagling is often enjoyed by 'retired' fox hunters who have either sustained too many injuries or lost the agility to ride horseback, or who enjoy the outdoors and the camaraderie of the hunt.", "Beagling __knowledge__ It is also traditionally a way for young men and women to learn how to handle hounds on a smaller scale before they go on to hunt with foxhounds.", "Beagling __knowledge__ In the UK and Ireland, the traditional quarry of beagle packs has been the hare.", "John Beagles __knowledge__ John Beagles (1844 – 8 January 1907) was an English printer and publisher, especially of real photo postcards, through his company, J. Beagles & Co. John Beagles was born in Whaplode Drove, Lincolnshire, in 1844 to John and Jane Beagles, and christened on 11 June 1844.", "John Beagles __knowledge__ His father was a \"butcher master\".", "John Beagles __knowledge__ In 1861, John Beagles junior was recorded as a \"pupil teacher\".", "John Beagles __knowledge__ In the 1891 census, Beagles was recorded as a \"photographic publisher\" in Nottingham in the household of Thomas William Stevenson, printer, who would later be his executor.", "John Beagles __knowledge__ Later, he traded as J. Beagles & Co. from Little Britain, London, E.C.", "Sport Goofy in Soccermania __knowledge__ Sport Goofy in Soccermania is an animated television special produced by The Walt Disney Company.", "Sport Goofy in Soccermania __knowledge__ It originally aired May 27, 1987 on NBC.", "Sport Goofy in Soccermania __knowledge__ During its TV debut it was preceded by a mockumentary showing past Goofy cartoons of him always getting everything wrong, and leading into the cartoon special where the audience is finally shown a competent, athletic Goofy who is the hero.", "Sport Goofy in Soccermania __knowledge__ In the half-hour special, Huey, Dewey, and Louie ask for help from Scrooge McDuck for their new soccer team by requesting he donate $1.49 to buy a championship trophy.", "Sport Goofy in Soccermania __knowledge__ Scrooge, being his typical stingy self, goes into a rant of \"A dollar forty-nine!", "Beagle Boys __knowledge__ The Beagle Boys are a group of fictional characters from the Donald Duck universe.", "Beagle Boys __knowledge__ Created by Carl Barks, they are a family clan of organized criminals who constantly try to rob Scrooge McDuck.", "Beagle Boys __knowledge__ Their introduction and first appearance was in \"Terror of the Beagle Boys\" (\"Walt Disney's Comics and Stories\" #134, November 1951), although in this story they only appear in the last frame and have no lines.", "Beagle Boys __knowledge__ They appear again in the next issue in a similar fashion, in \"The Big Bin on Killmotor Hill\" (\"Walt Disney's Comics and Stories\" #135, December 1951).", "Beagle Boys __knowledge__ The Beagle Boys were originally created by Carl Barks, and made their first appearance in the 10-page story \"The Terror of the Beagle Boys\" (WDC #134) that was first published in November 1951.", "Beagle Brigade __knowledge__ Beagle Brigade is a team of beagles and their human handlers who, as part of the United States Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), inspect luggage at U.S. airports searching for agricultural products.", "Beagle Brigade __knowledge__ According to the USDA, the Beagle Brigade program averages around 75,000 seizures of prohibited agricultural products a year.", "Beagle Brigade __knowledge__ Unauthorized meat, animal byproducts, fruit and vegetables can carry diseases and pests that have the potential to infect U.S. agriculture.", "Beagle Brigade __knowledge__ For example, foot-and-mouth disease could be introduced into the U.S. via contaminated meat products brought into the country by a traveller.", "Scent hound __knowledge__ Scent hounds (or scenthounds) are a type of hound that primarily hunts by scent rather than sight.", "Scent hound __knowledge__ These breeds are hunting dogs and are generally regarded as having some of the most sensitive noses among canines.", "Scent hound __knowledge__ Hounds are hunting dogs that either hunt by following the scent of a game animal (\"scenthounds\") or by following the animal by sight (sighthounds).", "Scent hound __knowledge__ There are many breeds in the \"scenthound type\", and scenthounds may do other work as well, so exactly which breeds should be called \"scenthound\" can be controversial.", "Scent hound __knowledge__ Kennel clubs assign breeds of dogs to \"Groups\", which are loosely based on breed \"types\".", "Fox hunting __knowledge__ Fox hunting is an activity involving the tracking, chase and, if caught, the killing of a fox, traditionally a red fox, by trained foxhounds or other scent hounds, and a group of unarmed followers led by a \"master of foxhounds\" (\"master of hounds\"), who follow the hounds on foot or on horseback.", "Fox hunting __knowledge__ Fox hunting with hounds, as a formalised activity, originated in England in the sixteenth century, in a form very similar to that practised until February 2005, when a law banning the activity in England and Wales came into force.", "Fox hunting __knowledge__ A ban on hunting in Scotland had been passed in 2002, but it continues to be within the law in Northern Ireland and several other countries, including Australia, Canada, France, Ireland, Italy, and the United States.", "Basset Hound __knowledge__ The Basset Hound is a short-legged breed of dog of the hound family.", "Basset Hound __knowledge__ The Basset is a scent hound that was originally bred for the purpose of hunting hare.", "Basset Hound __knowledge__ Their sense of smell and ability to ground-scent is second only to that of the Bloodhound.", "Basset Hound __knowledge__ Basset Hounds are one of 6 recognised basset-type breeds in France.", "Basset Hound __knowledge__ The name \"Basset\" is derived from the French word \"bas\", meaning \"low\", with the attenuating suffix \"-et\", together meaning \"rather low\".", "Basset Hound __knowledge__ Basset Hounds are usually bicolours or tricolours of standard hound colouration.", "Basset Hound __knowledge__ Bassets are large, short, solid and long, with curved sabre tails held high over their long backs.", "Bloodhound __knowledge__ The Bloodhound is a large scent hound, originally bred for hunting deer, wild boar, and since the Middle Ages for tracking people.", "Bloodhound __knowledge__ Believed to be descended from hounds once kept at the Abbey of Saint-Hubert, Belgium, it is known to French speakers as the \"Chien de Saint-Hubert\".", "Bloodhound __knowledge__ This breed is famed for its ability to discern human scent over great distances, even days later.", "Bloodhound __knowledge__ Its extraordinarily keen sense of smell is combined with a strong and tenacious tracking instinct, producing the ideal scent hound, and it is used by police and law enforcement all over the world to track escaped prisoners, missing people, lost children, and lost pets.", "Red herring __knowledge__ A red herring is something that misleads or distracts from a relevant or important issue.", "Red herring __knowledge__ It may be either a logical fallacy or a literary device that leads readers or audiences towards a false conclusion.", "Red herring __knowledge__ A red herring might be intentionally used, such as in mystery fiction or as part of rhetorical strategies (e.g.", "Red herring __knowledge__ in politics), or it could be inadvertently used during argumentation.", "Red herring __knowledge__ The origin of the expression is unknown.", "Red herring __knowledge__ Conventional wisdom has long supposed it to be the use of a kipper (a strong-smelling smoked fish) to train hounds to follow a scent, or to divert them from the correct route when hunting; however, modern linguistic research suggests that the term was probably invented in 1807 by English polemicist William Cobbett, referring to one occasion on which he had supposedly used a kipper to divert hounds from chasing a hare, and was never an actual practice of hunters." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beagle __knowledge__ The Beagle is a breed of small hound that is similar in appearance to the much larger foxhound.", "Beagle __knowledge__ The beagle is a scent hound, developed primarily for hunting hare.", "Beagle __knowledge__ With a great sense of smell and superior tracking instinct, the beagle is employed as detection dog for prohibited agricultural imports and foodstuffs in quarantine around the world.", "Beagle __knowledge__ The beagle is intelligent but single-minded.", "Beagle __knowledge__ It is a popular pet due to its size, good temper, and lack of inherited health problems.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Although beagle-type dogs have existed for 2,500 years, the modern breed was developed in Great Britain around the 1830s from several breeds, including the Talbot Hound, the North Country Beagle, the Southern Hound, and possibly the Harrier.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Beagles have been depicted in popular culture since Elizabethan times in literature and paintings, and more recently in film, television, and comic books.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Snoopy of the comic strip \"Peanuts\" has been called \"the world's most famous beagle\".", "Beagle __knowledge__ Dogs of similar size and purpose to the modern beagle can be traced in Ancient Greece back to around the 5th century BC.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Xenophon, born around 430 BC, in his \"Treatise on Hunting\" or \"Cynegeticus\" refers to a hound that hunted hares by scent and was followed on foot.", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ Dog meat is the flesh and other edible parts derived from dogs.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ Historically, human consumption of dog meat has been recorded in many parts of the world, including East and Southeast Asia, West Africa, Europe, Oceania and the Americas.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ In the 21st century, dog meat is consumed in many parts of China, Korea, and Vietnam.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ Some cultures view the consumption of dog meat as part of their traditional and day-to-day cuisine, while other cultures consider consumption of dog meat a taboo, although they have been consumed in times of war or other hardships.", "Dog meat __knowledge__ It was estimated in 2014 that worldwide, 25 million dogs are eaten each year by humans.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Dog fighting in the United States is an activity in which fights between two game dogs are staged as a form of entertainment and gambling.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ Such activity has existed since the early 19th century in the United States and was gradually prohibited in all states.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ It continues as an underground activity in both rural and urban locations.", "Dog fighting in the United States __knowledge__ In the late 20th century, police and animal control law enforcement task forces of primarily local and state authorities were formed in many parts of the country to combat dog fighting rings to combat serious animal welfare violations with links to organized crime and social problems.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ A dingo–dog hybrid is a cross between a dingo and a domestic dog.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ The current population of free ranging domestic dogs in Australia is now probably higher than in the past.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ However, the proportion of the so-called \"pure\" dingoes (dogs with exclusively dingo-ancestry) has been in the decrease over the last few decades due to hybridisation and is regarded as further decreasing.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ Because of this ongoing interbreeding of dingoes and other domestic dogs and the resulting hybrids, there is a much wider range of colours and body shapes today among the Australian wild dog population than in the time before the human introduction of domestic dogs.", "Beagling __knowledge__ Beagling is the hunting mainly of hares, but also rabbits, but definitely not foxes by beagles by scent.", "Beagling __knowledge__ A beagle pack (10 or more hounds) is usually followed on foot, and in some limited examples, mounted.", "Beagling __knowledge__ Beagling is often enjoyed by 'retired' fox hunters who have either sustained too many injuries or lost the agility to ride horseback, or who enjoy the outdoors and the camaraderie of the hunt.", "Beagling __knowledge__ It is also traditionally a way for young men and women to learn how to handle hounds on a smaller scale before they go on to hunt with foxhounds.", "Beagling __knowledge__ In the UK and Ireland, the traditional quarry of beagle packs has been the hare.", "Edinburgh Beagles __knowledge__ The Edinburgh Beagles was a British ice hockey team that played in the Northern Conference of Division 2 in the British Universities Ice Hockey Association.", "Edinburgh Beagles __knowledge__ They played their home games at Murrayfield Ice Rink in Edinburgh, Scotland and are associated with the Edinburgh Eagles (ice hockey).", "Edinburgh Beagles __knowledge__ The Beagles were formed in 2008 by Richard 'Rambo' Gray; they are an affiliate of the Edinburgh Eagles who were formed in 2003 by Amy Slater.", "Edinburgh Beagles __knowledge__ They are an Ice hockey club that caters primarily to university players.", "Edinburgh Beagles __knowledge__ They accept players from any higher education institution in Scotland.", "Edinburgh Beagles __knowledge__ The Beagles were formed as an expansion due to the increasing numbers of less experienced players joining the Eagles.", "John Beagles __knowledge__ John Beagles (1844 – 8 January 1907) was an English printer and publisher, especially of real photo postcards, through his company, J. Beagles & Co. John Beagles was born in Whaplode Drove, Lincolnshire, in 1844 to John and Jane Beagles, and christened on 11 June 1844.", "John Beagles __knowledge__ His father was a \"butcher master\".", "John Beagles __knowledge__ In 1861, John Beagles junior was recorded as a \"pupil teacher\".", "John Beagles __knowledge__ In the 1891 census, Beagles was recorded as a \"photographic publisher\" in Nottingham in the household of Thomas William Stevenson, printer, who would later be his executor.", "John Beagles __knowledge__ Later, he traded as J. Beagles & Co. from Little Britain, London, E.C.", "Odor __knowledge__ An odor or odour or fragrance is caused by one or more volatilized chemical compounds, generally at a very low concentration, that humans or other animals perceive by the sense of olfaction.", "Odor __knowledge__ Odors are also commonly called scents, which can refer to both pleasant and unpleasant odors.", "Odor __knowledge__ The terms fragrance and aroma are used primarily by the food and cosmetic industry to describe a pleasant odor, and are sometimes used to refer to perfumes, and to describe floral scent.", "Odor __knowledge__ In contrast, malodor, stench, reek, and stink are used specifically to describe unpleasant odor.", "Odor __knowledge__ The term smell (in its noun form) is used for both pleasant and unpleasant odors.", "Smell-O-Vision __knowledge__ Smell-O-Vision was a system that released odor during the projection of a film so that the viewer could \"smell\" what was happening in the movie.", "Smell-O-Vision __knowledge__ The technique was created by Hans Laube and made its only appearance in the 1960 film \"Scent of Mystery\", produced by Mike Todd, Jr., son of film producer Mike Todd.", "Smell-O-Vision __knowledge__ The process injected 30 odors into a movie theater's seats when triggered by the film's soundtrack.", "Smell-O-Vision __knowledge__ The use of scents in conjunction with film dates back to 1906, before the introduction of sound.", "Smell-O-Vision __knowledge__ In this first instance, a 1958 issue of \"Film Daily\" claims that Samuel Roxy Rothafel of the Family Theatre in Forest City, Pennsylvania, placed a wad of cotton wool that had been soaked in rose oil in front of an electric fan during a newsreel about the Rose Bowl Game.", "Sport Goofy in Soccermania __knowledge__ Sport Goofy in Soccermania is an animated television special produced by The Walt Disney Company.", "Sport Goofy in Soccermania __knowledge__ It originally aired May 27, 1987 on NBC.", "Sport Goofy in Soccermania __knowledge__ During its TV debut it was preceded by a mockumentary showing past Goofy cartoons of him always getting everything wrong, and leading into the cartoon special where the audience is finally shown a competent, athletic Goofy who is the hero.", "Sport Goofy in Soccermania __knowledge__ In the half-hour special, Huey, Dewey, and Louie ask for help from Scrooge McDuck for their new soccer team by requesting he donate $1.49 to buy a championship trophy.", "Sport Goofy in Soccermania __knowledge__ Scrooge, being his typical stingy self, goes into a rant of \"A dollar forty-nine!" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beagle __knowledge__ The Beagle is a breed of small hound that is similar in appearance to the much larger foxhound.", "Beagle __knowledge__ The beagle is a scent hound, developed primarily for hunting hare.", "Beagle __knowledge__ With a great sense of smell and superior tracking instinct, the beagle is employed as detection dog for prohibited agricultural imports and foodstuffs in quarantine around the world.", "Beagle __knowledge__ The beagle is intelligent but single-minded.", "Beagle __knowledge__ It is a popular pet due to its size, good temper, and lack of inherited health problems.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Although beagle-type dogs have existed for 2,500 years, the modern breed was developed in Great Britain around the 1830s from several breeds, including the Talbot Hound, the North Country Beagle, the Southern Hound, and possibly the Harrier.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Beagles have been depicted in popular culture since Elizabethan times in literature and paintings, and more recently in film, television, and comic books.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Snoopy of the comic strip \"Peanuts\" has been called \"the world's most famous beagle\".", "Beagle __knowledge__ Dogs of similar size and purpose to the modern beagle can be traced in Ancient Greece back to around the 5th century BC.", "Beagle __knowledge__ Xenophon, born around 430 BC, in his \"Treatise on Hunting\" or \"Cynegeticus\" refers to a hound that hunted hares by scent and was followed on foot.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The poodle is a group of formal dog breeds, the Standard Poodle, Miniature Poodle and Toy Poodle.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The origins of the poodles are still discussed with a dispute over whether the poodle descends from the old French Barbet breed or from Germany as a type of water dog.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Ranked second most intelligent dog breed just behind the Border Collie, the poodle is skillful in many dog sports and activities, including agility, obedience, tracking to herding, circus performers or assistance dogs.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Poodles have taken top honors in many conformation shows, including \"Best in Show\" at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show in 1991 and 2002, and at the World Dog Show in 2007 and 2010.", "Fabulous Poodles __knowledge__ The Fabulous Poodles were a British pre-new wave band formed in 1975.", "Fabulous Poodles __knowledge__ Known for quirky stage antics, such as exploding ukuleles, as well as songs with funny lyrics.", "Fabulous Poodles __knowledge__ The Fabulous Poodles toured with Meat Loaf, Sha Na Na, Tom Petty, Bill Bruford and Chuck Berry (as backing band).", "Fabulous Poodles __knowledge__ They appeared on the Old Grey Whistle Test and for a long time were music critic John Peel's favourite group.", "Fabulous Poodles __knowledge__ The band released three albums between 1977 and 1979 on Pye Records.", "Fabulous Poodles __knowledge__ The Fabulous Poodles started out just as The Poodles.", "Fabulous Poodles __knowledge__ The original Fabulous Poodles consisted of Tony de Meur on lead vocals and guitar, Richie Robertson on bass and vocals, Bobby Valentino on violin, mandolin and vocals, Bryn Burrows on drums and Bob Suffolk on piano.", "The Poodles __knowledge__ The Poodles are a glam metal/heavy metal band from Sweden.", "The Poodles __knowledge__ They are best known for their hits \"Metal Will Stand Tall\" and \"Night of Passion\", the latter of which was played in the Swedish Melodifestivalen in 2006.", "The Poodles __knowledge__ The band was formed by singer Jakob Samuel (a.k.a.", "The Poodles __knowledge__ Jake Samuels) who in the early 1990s was Talisman's drummer, bassist Pontus Egberg (ex Lion's Share), guitarist Pontus Norgren (also Talisman, Humanimal) and drummer Christian Lundqvist.", "The Poodles __knowledge__ The Poodles played in the Swedish Melodifestivalen contest in 2008, this time with E-Type.", "The Poodles __knowledge__ In addition, they played at the Sweden Rock Festival in 2006 and 2008.", "Creepers (novel) __knowledge__ Creepers is a 2006 horror novel by Canadian writer David Morrell.", "Creepers (novel) __knowledge__ This is Morrell's twenty-fourth novel.", "Creepers (novel) __knowledge__ Frank Balenger, a reporter, meets a group of four 'Creepers', urban explorers whose primary target in this case is the long abandoned Paragon Hotel.", "Creepers (novel) __knowledge__ The Creepers introduce themselves as Rick, an athletic young man who is the husband of Cora, an intelligent and attractive young woman who is still longed for by Vinnie, another member of the group.", "Creepers (novel) __knowledge__ They are led by Professor Conklin, who introduced them to 'Creeping' while they were students of his in College.", "Creepers (novel) __knowledge__ The history of the Paragons owner, Morgan Carlisle, is told to the group by Conklin.", "Royal Hanneford Circus __knowledge__ The Royal Hanneford Circus is an American-based touring family circus.", "Royal Hanneford Circus __knowledge__ With origins dating back to 1690, it has been called the oldest circus in the world.", "Royal Hanneford Circus __knowledge__ The family first performed as a traveling troupe in 1807.", "Royal Hanneford Circus __knowledge__ In 1903, the family began its own circus as the \"Hanneford Royal Canadian Circus\" and in their early seasons toured the British Isles and Continental Europe.", "Royal Hanneford Circus __knowledge__ The family performed separately throughout much of the early 20th century in the United States.", "Royal Hanneford Circus __knowledge__ The modern Royal Hanneford Circus was formed in 1965, when Tommy Hanneford began producing shows featuring the family.", "Royal Hanneford Circus __knowledge__ Accounts of the early origins of the Hanneford family performances conflict.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The Goldendoodle is a cross-breed dog, which is obtained by breeding a Golden Retriever with a Poodle.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The name, which alters \"poodle\" to \"doodle\" by analogy to \"Labradoodle\", was coined in 1992.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The Goldendoodle was first bred by Monica Dickens in 1969.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ Popularity for the goldendoodle grew in the 1990s when breeders in North America and Australia began crossing Golden Retrievers with Standard Poodles.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The original purpose of the cross was to develop guide dogs suitable for visually impaired individuals with allergies.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ Poodles are considered to be hypoallergenic.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ Their coats do not shed, which reduces dander.", "Attack Poodles and Other Media Mutants __knowledge__ Attack Poodles and Other Media Mutants: The Looting of the News in a Time of Terror (2004) is a book by American media critic James Wolcott.", "Attack Poodles and Other Media Mutants __knowledge__ Wolcott takes as his subject matter popular right-wing pundits whom he dubs \"attack poodles\".", "Attack Poodles and Other Media Mutants __knowledge__ These include such TV figures as Bill O'Reilly, Michael Savage, Chris Matthews, Dennis Miller, Rush Limbaugh, Ann Coulter, Peggy Noonan, and Robert Novak.", "Attack Poodles and Other Media Mutants __knowledge__ He asserts their simplistic sloganeering which panders to disaffected Americans is destroying political discourse.", "Attack Poodles and Other Media Mutants __knowledge__ The Publishers Weekly website says that \"beneath Wolcott's humor and catchy prose, however, lurk some dark revelations, such as a Fox news staffer's claim that he and his colleagues are instructed to seek out stories that \"cater to angry, middle-aged white men who listen to talk-radio and yell at their televisions.\"\"", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Dog intelligence __knowledge__ Dog intelligence or dog cognition is the process in dogs of acquiring, storing in memory, retrieving, combining, comparing, and using in new situations information and conceptual skills.", "Dog intelligence __knowledge__ Studies have shown that dogs display many behaviors associated with intelligence.", "Dog intelligence __knowledge__ They have advanced memory skills.", "Dog intelligence __knowledge__ For example, a border collie, \"Chaser\", learned the names of over 1,000 objects and retrieved them by verbal command.", "Dog intelligence __knowledge__ Dogs can use such memory skill to make inferences, and a border collie named Rico learned the labels of over 200 items and then inferred the names of novel items by exclusion.", "Dog intelligence __knowledge__ That is, he identified and retrieved those novel items immediately and also 4 weeks after the initial exposure.", "Human–animal communication __knowledge__ Human–animal communication is the communication observed between humans and other animals, from non-verbal cues and vocalizations through to the use of language.", "Human–animal communication __knowledge__ Human–animal communication may be observed in everyday life.", "Human–animal communication __knowledge__ The interactions between pets and their owners, for example, reflect a form of spoken, while not necessarily verbal dialogue.", "Human–animal communication __knowledge__ A dog being scolded is able to grasp the message by interpreting cues such as the owner's stance, tone of voice, and body language.", "Human–animal communication __knowledge__ This communication is two-way, as owners can learn to discern the subtle differences between barks and meows, and there is a clear difference between the bark of an angry dog defending its home and the happy bark of the same animal while playing.", "Genie (feral child) __knowledge__ Genie (born 1957) is the pseudonym for an American feral child who was a victim of severe abuse, neglect, and social isolation.", "Genie (feral child) __knowledge__ Her circumstances are prominently recorded in the annals of linguistics and abnormal child psychology.", "Genie (feral child) __knowledge__ When she was a baby her father concluded that she was severely mentally retarded, a view which intensified as she got older, causing him to dislike her and withhold care and attention.", "Genie (feral child) __knowledge__ At approximately the time she reached the age of 20 months he decided to keep her as socially isolated as possible as a result of this belief, so from that time until she reached the age of 13 years and 7 months he kept her locked alone in a room." ] ]

[ 2, 4, 27, 13 ]

[ "I like the fact that beagles are scent hounds, but I also like herder dogs.", "Well, beagles are very intelligent, but they are single-minded: scents!", "Oh I love almost all dogs because they have the ability to understand and communicate with us humans! You?", "I always thought poodles were a little dumb, but apparently they are the second most intelligent dog, right behind collies!" ]

[ "Beagle", "Beagle", "Beagle", "Beagle" ]

[ "Fly fishing\nFly fishing is a particularly fun pasttime", "Do you like going out on a boat?", "What kind of techniques are used?", "What other types of lures are common?", "What kind of fish are best to catch that way?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing is an angling method in which an artificial \"fly\" is used to catch fish.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly is cast using a fly rod, reel, and specialized weighted line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Casting a nearly weightless fly or \"lure\" requires casting techniques significantly different from other forms of casting.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishermen use hand tied flies that resemble natural invertebrates, baitfish, other food organisms, or \"lures\" to provoke the fish to strike (bite at the fly).", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing can be done in fresh or salt water.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ North Americans usually distinguish freshwater fishing between cold-water species (trout, salmon, steelhead) and warm-water species, notably bass.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ In Britain, where natural water temperatures vary less, the distinction is between game fishing for trout and salmon versus coarse fishing for other species.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for fly fishing differ with habitat (lakes and ponds, small streams, large rivers, bays and estuaries, and open ocean.)", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Author Izaak Walton called fly fishing \"The Contemplative Man's Recreation\".", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ In fly fishing, fish are caught by using artificial flies that are cast with a fly rod and a fly line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly line (today, almost always coated with plastic) is heavy enough to send the fly to the target.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the practice of catching fish.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ It is a pre-historic practice dating back at least 40,000 years.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Since the 16th century fishing vessels have been able to cross oceans in pursuit of fish and since the 19th century it has been possible to use larger vessels and in some cases process the fish on board.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term fishing may be applied to catching other aquatic animals such as shellfish, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term is not usually applied to catching aquatic mammals, such as whales, where the term whaling is more appropriate, or to farmed fish.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Recreational fishing, also called sport fishing, is fishing for pleasure or competition.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ It can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is fishing for profit, or subsistence fishing, which is fishing for survival.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ The most common form of recreational fishing is done with a rod, reel, line, hooks and any one of a wide range of baits.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Other devices, commonly referred to as \"terminal tackle\", are also used to affect or complement the presentation of the bait to the targeted fish.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Some examples of terminal tackle include weights, floats, and swivels.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Lures are frequently used in place of bait.", "Fly Fishers International __knowledge__ Fly Fishers International is an international 501(c)(3) non-profit organization headquartered in Livingston, Montana.", "Fly Fishers International __knowledge__ Since 1964, Fly Fishers International (FFI) has been an organized voice for fly fishers around the world.", "Fly Fishers International __knowledge__ They represent all aspects of fly fishing, from the art of fly tying and casting to protection of the natural systems that support healthy fisheries and their habitats, which is essential to the sport.", "Fly Fishers International __knowledge__ Today, the organization's mission is to ensure the legacy of fly fishing for all fish in all waters.", "Fly Fishers International __knowledge__ They focus on conservation, education, and a sense of community.", "Fly Fishers International __knowledge__ In May 1964, the McKenzie River Flyfishers was organized in Eugene, Oregon with the expressed goal of forming a national fly fishing organization.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fly fishing tackle comprises the fishing tackle or equipment typically used by fly anglers.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fly fishing tackle includes: Fly rods normally vary between 2 m (6 ft) and 4 m (13 ft) in length with the most common length sold being 2.74 m (9 ft).", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Rod lengths are typically given in imperial measurements of feet and inches.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fly rods and lines are designated as to their \"weight\", typically written as Nwt where 'N' is the number (\"e.g.\"", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ 8wt, 9wt, 10wt).", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Rods are matched to the line according to weight.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ The rod's manufacturer will mark on the rod the fly line weights for which a rod has been designed.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ One-weight (1wt) rods and lines are the lightest; the weight designations increase in whole number increments as the rod becomes heavier.", "Frederic M. Halford __knowledge__ Frederic Michael Halford (13 April 1844 – 5 March 1914), pseudonym Detached Badger, was a wealthy and influential British angler and fly fishing author.", "Frederic M. Halford __knowledge__ Halford is most noted for his development and promotion of the dry fly technique on English chalk streams.", "Frederic M. Halford __knowledge__ He is generally accepted as \"The Father of Modern Dry Fly Fishing.\"", "Frederic M. Halford __knowledge__ John Waller Hills, \"A History of Fly Fishing for Trout\" (1921) called Halford \"The Historian of the Dry Fly\".", "Frederic M. Halford __knowledge__ In \"Royal Coachman – The Lore and Legends of Fly Fishing\" (1999), Paul Schullery describes Halford: Frederic Halford was born Frederic Michael Hyam into a wealthy Jewish family of German ancestry in 1844 in Birmingham, England.", "The New Fly Fisher __knowledge__ The New Fly Fisher is a popular fly fishing show in North America on the World Fishing Network and Public Television PBS.", "The New Fly Fisher __knowledge__ Created in March 2001, the show is hosted primarily by Colin McKeown and Bill Spicer and teaches fly fishing, marine biology, and fishing destinations.", "The New Fly Fisher __knowledge__ The idea for \"The New Fly Fisher\" was first conceived by Colin McKeown in 1999.", "The New Fly Fisher __knowledge__ During the 1990s when Colin was attempting to learn how to fly fish, he was frustrated with the poor quality of information provided by popular television fishing shows.", "The New Fly Fisher __knowledge__ Most series were focused on promoting products and show hosts.", "The New Fly Fisher __knowledge__ He felt many were nothing but glorified “infomercials”." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing is an angling method in which an artificial \"fly\" is used to catch fish.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly is cast using a fly rod, reel, and specialized weighted line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Casting a nearly weightless fly or \"lure\" requires casting techniques significantly different from other forms of casting.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishermen use hand tied flies that resemble natural invertebrates, baitfish, other food organisms, or \"lures\" to provoke the fish to strike (bite at the fly).", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing can be done in fresh or salt water.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ North Americans usually distinguish freshwater fishing between cold-water species (trout, salmon, steelhead) and warm-water species, notably bass.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ In Britain, where natural water temperatures vary less, the distinction is between game fishing for trout and salmon versus coarse fishing for other species.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for fly fishing differ with habitat (lakes and ponds, small streams, large rivers, bays and estuaries, and open ocean.)", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Author Izaak Walton called fly fishing \"The Contemplative Man's Recreation\".", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ In fly fishing, fish are caught by using artificial flies that are cast with a fly rod and a fly line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly line (today, almost always coated with plastic) is heavy enough to send the fly to the target.", "Zoe Hanna __knowledge__ Zoe Hanna is a fictional character in BBC's medical drama Casualty, portrayed by Sunetra Sarker.", "Zoe Hanna __knowledge__ She first appeared in the series twenty-two episode \"Take a Cup of Kindness\", broadcast on 29 December 2007.", "Zoe Hanna __knowledge__ The character was a consultant in emergency medicine at Holby City Hospital's emergency department.", "Zoe Hanna __knowledge__ Sarker chose to take a temporary break from the show in 2014 and Zoe departed from the show in the series 28 episode \"A Life Less Lived\", broadcast on 23 August 2014.", "Zoe Hanna __knowledge__ She returned in the series 29 episode \"Return to Sender\", broadcast on 25 October 2014.", "Zoe Hanna __knowledge__ Sarker later decided to leave the series indefinitely, but producers asked that she did not announce her departure in order to surprise viewers.", "Ellis Paul __knowledge__ Ellis Paul (born Paul Plissey; January 14, 1965) is an American singer-songwriter and folk musician.", "Ellis Paul __knowledge__ Born in Aroostook County, Maine, Paul is a key figure in what has become known as the Boston school of songwriting, a literate, provocative, and urbanely romantic folk-pop style that helped ignite the folk revival of the 1990s.", "Ellis Paul __knowledge__ His pop music songs have appeared in movies and on television, bridging the gap between the modern folk sound and the populist traditions of Woody Guthrie and Pete Seeger.", "Ellis Paul __knowledge__ Paul grew up in a small Maine town.", "Ellis Paul __knowledge__ He attended Boston College on a track scholarship, majoring in English.", "Kat Slater __knowledge__ Kathleen \"Kat\" Moon (also Slater) is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\", played by Jessie Wallace.", "Kat Slater __knowledge__ She was also played by Kate Peck in a flashback in 2001.", "Kat Slater __knowledge__ Kat is the daughter of Viv Slater and Charlie Slater (Derek Martin), and arrived with her sisters Lynne Hobbs (Elaine Lordan) and Little Mo Morgan (Kacey Ainsworth).", "Kat Slater __knowledge__ Her daughter Zoe Slater (Michelle Ryan) is initially believed to be her sister as well until Kat reveals she was raped by her uncle Harry Slater (Michael Elphick) as a child.", "Kat Slater __knowledge__ She later marries Alfie Moon (Shane Richie).", "Kat Slater __knowledge__ It is later revealed that Kat also gave birth to a son, Zoe's twin brother.", "Lifeboats of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ The lifeboats of the RMS \"Titanic\" played a crucial role in the disaster of 14–15 April 1912.", "Lifeboats of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ One of the ship's legacies was that she had too few lifeboats to evacuate all those on board.", "Lifeboats of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ The 20 lifeboats that she did carry could only accommodate 1,178 people, despite the fact that there were approximately 2,224 on board.", "Lifeboats of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ had a maximum capacity of 3,327 passengers and crew.", "Lifeboats of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ Eighteen lifeboats were used, loading between 11:45–2:15 a.m., though Collapsible Boat A floated off deck partially submerged, and Collapsible Boat B floated away upside down minutes before the ship upended and sank.", "Lifeboats of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ Many lifeboats only carried half of their maximum capacity; there are many versions as to the reasoning behind half-filled lifeboats.", "Columbia (collapsed paddle steamer) __knowledge__ The Columbia, sometimes called the Steamer \"Columbia\", was a paddle steamer excursion boat on which 87 or 88 people died on the Illinois River in July 1918 across from Creve Coeur between Peoria and Pekin, Illinois.", "Columbia (collapsed paddle steamer) __knowledge__ The \"Columbia\" was built at Clinton, Iowa in 1897.", "Columbia (collapsed paddle steamer) __knowledge__ Originally a packet boat, it was converted to an excursion boat in 1905.", "Columbia (collapsed paddle steamer) __knowledge__ In 1912, a well-respected captain, Herman F. Mehl of Peoria, formed the Herman F. Mehl Excursion Company, and bought the \"Columbia\" from Captain Walter Blair of Davenport, Iowa In autumn 1917, the ship was rebuilt at the Howard Ship Company's Mound City yards, in time for the 1918 excursion season.", "Chesapeake and Ohio Canal __knowledge__ The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, abbreviated as the C&O Canal and occasionally called the \"Grand Old Ditch,\" operated from 1831 until 1924 along the Potomac River from Washington, D.C., to Cumberland, Maryland.", "Chesapeake and Ohio Canal __knowledge__ The canal's principal cargo was coal from the Allegheny Mountains.", "Chesapeake and Ohio Canal __knowledge__ Construction on the canal began in 1828 and ended in 1850 with the completion of a 50-mile stretch to Cumberland.", "Chesapeake and Ohio Canal __knowledge__ Rising and falling over an elevation change of , it required the construction of 74 canal locks, 11 aqueducts to cross major streams, more than 240 culverts to cross smaller streams, and the Paw Paw Tunnel.", "Chesapeake and Ohio Canal __knowledge__ A planned section to the Ohio River at Pittsburgh was never built.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica is the daughter of Janice and Bobby Baccalieri.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She was born sometime in 2005, after her parents got married.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Getting her registered for a pre-school was the reason why Janice and Bobby were not able to take care of Junior the night he shot Tony.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica rode the amusement ride with her mother at the Feast of St. Elzéar when it broke.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She longed for another ride and Tony later spun her around at the feast, to her joy.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ That year, Janice took Domenica to Satriale's Pork Store to demand that Tony make Bobby a capo.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ In 2007, Domenica played at the house near the lake when Tony, Carmela, Bobby, and Janice celebrated Tony's birthday.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Recreational fishing, also called sport fishing, is fishing for pleasure or competition.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ It can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is fishing for profit, or subsistence fishing, which is fishing for survival.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ The most common form of recreational fishing is done with a rod, reel, line, hooks and any one of a wide range of baits.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Other devices, commonly referred to as \"terminal tackle\", are also used to affect or complement the presentation of the bait to the targeted fish.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Some examples of terminal tackle include weights, floats, and swivels.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Lures are frequently used in place of bait.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the practice of catching fish.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ It is a pre-historic practice dating back at least 40,000 years.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Since the 16th century fishing vessels have been able to cross oceans in pursuit of fish and since the 19th century it has been possible to use larger vessels and in some cases process the fish on board.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term fishing may be applied to catching other aquatic animals such as shellfish, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term is not usually applied to catching aquatic mammals, such as whales, where the term whaling is more appropriate, or to farmed fish.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing may include catching aquatic animals other than fish, such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "Fishing __knowledge__ The term is not normally applied to catching farmed fish, or to aquatic mammals, such as whales where the term whaling is more appropriate.", "Fishing __knowledge__ According to the United Nations FAO statistics, the total number of commercial fishermen and fish farmers is estimated to be 38 million.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fisheries and aquaculture provide direct and indirect employment to over 500 million people in developing countries.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle is the equipment used by fishermen when fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Almost any equipment or gear used for fishing can be called fishing tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Some examples are hooks, lines, sinkers, floats, rods, reels, baits, lures, spears, nets, gaffs, traps, waders and tackle boxes.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Gear that is attached to the end of a fishing line is called terminal tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ This includes hooks, leaders, swivels, sinkers, floats, split rings and wire, snaps, beads, spoons, blades, spinners and clevises to attach spinner blades to fishing lures.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Sometimes the term fishing rig is used for a completed assembly of tackle ready for fishing.", "Angling __knowledge__ Angling is a method of fishing by means of an \"angle\" (fish hook).", "Angling __knowledge__ The hook is usually attached to a fishing line and the line is often attached to a fishing rod.", "Angling __knowledge__ Fishing rods are usually fitted with a fishing reel that functions as a mechanism for storing, retrieving and paying out the line.", "Angling __knowledge__ Tenkara fishing and cane pole fishing are two techniques that do not use a reel.", "Angling __knowledge__ The hook itself can be dressed with bait, but sometimes a lure, with hooks attached to it, is used in place of a hook and bait.", "Angling __knowledge__ A bite indicator such as a float, and a weight or sinker are sometimes used.", "Angling __knowledge__ Angling is the principal method of sport fishing, but commercial fisheries also use angling methods such as longlining or trolling.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ A fishing rod is a long, flexible rod used to catch fish.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ At its simplest, a fishing rod is a simple stick or pole attached to a line ending in a hook (formerly known as an \"angle\", hence the term angling).", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ The length of the rod can vary between .", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ To entice fish, bait or lures are impaled on one or more hooks attached to the line.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ The line is generally stored on a reel which reduces tangles and assists in landing a fish.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ Traditionally rods are made from bamboo, while contemporary rods are usually made from fibreglass or carbon fibre.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ In contrast with nets, which are usually used in subsistence and commercial fishing, fishing rods are more often used in recreational fishing and competitive casting." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing is an angling method in which an artificial \"fly\" is used to catch fish.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly is cast using a fly rod, reel, and specialized weighted line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Casting a nearly weightless fly or \"lure\" requires casting techniques significantly different from other forms of casting.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishermen use hand tied flies that resemble natural invertebrates, baitfish, other food organisms, or \"lures\" to provoke the fish to strike (bite at the fly).", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing can be done in fresh or salt water.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ North Americans usually distinguish freshwater fishing between cold-water species (trout, salmon, steelhead) and warm-water species, notably bass.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ In Britain, where natural water temperatures vary less, the distinction is between game fishing for trout and salmon versus coarse fishing for other species.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for fly fishing differ with habitat (lakes and ponds, small streams, large rivers, bays and estuaries, and open ocean.)", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Author Izaak Walton called fly fishing \"The Contemplative Man's Recreation\".", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ In fly fishing, fish are caught by using artificial flies that are cast with a fly rod and a fly line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly line (today, almost always coated with plastic) is heavy enough to send the fly to the target.", "Enhanced interrogation techniques __knowledge__ \"Enhanced interrogation techniques\" or \"enhanced interrogation\" is a euphemism for the U.S. government's program of systematic torture of detainees by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), and various components of the U.S. Armed Forces at black sites around the world, including Bagram, Guantanamo Bay, and Abu Ghraib, authorized by officials of the George W. Bush administration.", "Enhanced interrogation techniques __knowledge__ Methods used included beating, binding in contorted stress positions, hooding, subjection to deafening noise, sleep disruption, sleep deprivation to the point of hallucination, deprivation of food, drink, and withholding medical care for wounds, as well as waterboarding, walling, sexual humiliation, subjection to extreme heat or extreme cold, confinement in small coffin-like boxes, and repeated slapping.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The music of the United States reflects the country's multi-ethnic population through a diverse array of styles.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ It is a mixture of music influenced by West African, Irish, Scottish and mainland European among others.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The country's most internationally renowned genres are jazz, blues, country, bluegrass, rock, rhythm and blues, soul, ragtime, hip hop, barbershop, pop, experimental, techno, house, dance, boogaloo, salsa, and rock and roll.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The United States has the world's largest music market with a total retail value of 4,898.3 million dollars in 2014, and its music is heard around the world.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ Since the beginning of the 20th century, some forms of American popular music have gained a near global audience.", "Cryptography __knowledge__ Cryptography or cryptology (from Greek \"kryptós\", \"hidden, secret\"; and \"graphein\", \"to write\", or \"-logia\", \"study\", respectively) is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of third parties called adversaries.", "Cryptography __knowledge__ More generally, cryptography is about constructing and analyzing protocols that prevent third parties or the public from reading private messages; various aspects in information security such as data confidentiality, data integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation are central to modern cryptography.", "Cryptography __knowledge__ Modern cryptography exists at the intersection of the disciplines of mathematics, computer science, electrical engineering, communication science, and physics.", "Torture __knowledge__ Torture (from the Latin \"tortus\", \"twisted\") is the act of deliberately inflicting physical or psychological pain in order to fulfill some desire of the torturer or compel some action from the victim.", "Torture __knowledge__ Torture, by definition, is a knowing and intentional act; deeds which unknowingly or negligently inflict pain without a specific intent to do so are not typically considered torture.", "Torture __knowledge__ Torture has been carried out or sanctioned by individuals, groups, and states throughout history from ancient times to modern day, and forms of torture can vary greatly in duration from only a few minutes to several days or longer.", "Hapkido __knowledge__ Hapkido ( , , also spelled hap ki do or hapki-do; from Korean \"hapgido\" ) is a highly eclectic Korean martial art.", "Hapkido __knowledge__ It is a form of self-defense that employs joint locks, grappling, and throwing techniques similar to those of other martial arts, as well as kicks, punches, and other striking attacks.", "Hapkido __knowledge__ It also teaches the use of traditional weapons, including knife, sword, rope, ssang juhl bong (nunchaku), cane (ji pang ee), short stick (dan bong), and middle-length staff (joong bong, gun (analogous to the Japanese jō), and bō (Japanese)), which vary in emphasis depending on the particular tradition examined.", "Human rights violations by the CIA __knowledge__ This article deals with those activities of the Central Intelligence Agency that violate human rights.", "Human rights violations by the CIA __knowledge__ In 2003, Patricia Derian, who served as Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights in the Carter Administration wrote, \"Through these U.S. military and intelligence agencies the United States government is sending a dangerous and double message.", "Human rights violations by the CIA __knowledge__ If this continues, it will subvert our entire human rights policy.\"", "Human rights violations by the CIA __knowledge__ In understanding the CIA's role in human rights, there are challenging problems of ethics.", "Human rights violations by the CIA __knowledge__ John R. Stockwell, a CIA officer who left the Agency and became a public critic, said of the CIA field officers: \"They don't meet the death squads on the streets where they're actually chopping up people or laying them down on the street and running trucks over their heads.", "Art of memory __knowledge__ The art of memory (Latin: \"ars memoriae\") is any of a number of loosely associated mnemonic principles and techniques used to organize memory impressions, improve recall, and assist in the combination and 'invention' of ideas.", "Art of memory __knowledge__ An alternative and frequently used term is \"Ars Memorativa\" which is also often translated as \"art of memory\" although its more literal meaning is \"Memorative Art\".", "Art of memory __knowledge__ It is sometimes referred to as \"mnemotechnics\".", "Art of memory __knowledge__ It is an 'art' in the Aristotelian sense, which is to say a method or set of prescriptions that adds order and discipline to the pragmatic, natural activities of human beings.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ A fishing rod is a long, flexible rod used to catch fish.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ At its simplest, a fishing rod is a simple stick or pole attached to a line ending in a hook (formerly known as an \"angle\", hence the term angling).", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ The length of the rod can vary between .", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ To entice fish, bait or lures are impaled on one or more hooks attached to the line.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ The line is generally stored on a reel which reduces tangles and assists in landing a fish.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ Traditionally rods are made from bamboo, while contemporary rods are usually made from fibreglass or carbon fibre.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ In contrast with nets, which are usually used in subsistence and commercial fishing, fishing rods are more often used in recreational fishing and competitive casting.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the practice of catching fish.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ It is a pre-historic practice dating back at least 40,000 years.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Since the 16th century fishing vessels have been able to cross oceans in pursuit of fish and since the 19th century it has been possible to use larger vessels and in some cases process the fish on board.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term fishing may be applied to catching other aquatic animals such as shellfish, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term is not usually applied to catching aquatic mammals, such as whales, where the term whaling is more appropriate, or to farmed fish.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ A fishing reel is a cylindrical device attached to a fishing rod used in winding and stowing line.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ Modern fishing reels usually have fittings aiding in casting for distance and accuracy, as well as retrieving line.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ Fishing reels are traditionally used in the recreational sport of angling and competitive casting.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ They are typically attached to a fishing rod, though some specialized reels are mounted directly to boat gunwales or transoms.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ The fishing reel was invented in Song dynasty China, where the earliest known illustration of a fishing reel is from Chinese paintings and records beginning about 1195 AD.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing may include catching aquatic animals other than fish, such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "Fishing __knowledge__ The term is not normally applied to catching farmed fish, or to aquatic mammals, such as whales where the term whaling is more appropriate.", "Fishing __knowledge__ According to the United Nations FAO statistics, the total number of commercial fishermen and fish farmers is estimated to be 38 million.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fisheries and aquaculture provide direct and indirect employment to over 500 million people in developing countries.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Recreational fishing, also called sport fishing, is fishing for pleasure or competition.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ It can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is fishing for profit, or subsistence fishing, which is fishing for survival.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ The most common form of recreational fishing is done with a rod, reel, line, hooks and any one of a wide range of baits.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Other devices, commonly referred to as \"terminal tackle\", are also used to affect or complement the presentation of the bait to the targeted fish.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Some examples of terminal tackle include weights, floats, and swivels.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Lures are frequently used in place of bait.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle is the equipment used by fishermen when fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Almost any equipment or gear used for fishing can be called fishing tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Some examples are hooks, lines, sinkers, floats, rods, reels, baits, lures, spears, nets, gaffs, traps, waders and tackle boxes.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Gear that is attached to the end of a fishing line is called terminal tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ This includes hooks, leaders, swivels, sinkers, floats, split rings and wire, snaps, beads, spoons, blades, spinners and clevises to attach spinner blades to fishing lures.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Sometimes the term fishing rig is used for a completed assembly of tackle ready for fishing." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing is an angling method in which an artificial \"fly\" is used to catch fish.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly is cast using a fly rod, reel, and specialized weighted line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Casting a nearly weightless fly or \"lure\" requires casting techniques significantly different from other forms of casting.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishermen use hand tied flies that resemble natural invertebrates, baitfish, other food organisms, or \"lures\" to provoke the fish to strike (bite at the fly).", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing can be done in fresh or salt water.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ North Americans usually distinguish freshwater fishing between cold-water species (trout, salmon, steelhead) and warm-water species, notably bass.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ In Britain, where natural water temperatures vary less, the distinction is between game fishing for trout and salmon versus coarse fishing for other species.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for fly fishing differ with habitat (lakes and ponds, small streams, large rivers, bays and estuaries, and open ocean.)", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Author Izaak Walton called fly fishing \"The Contemplative Man's Recreation\".", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ In fly fishing, fish are caught by using artificial flies that are cast with a fly rod and a fly line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly line (today, almost always coated with plastic) is heavy enough to send the fly to the target.", "Fishing lure __knowledge__ A fishing lure is a type of artificial fishing bait which is designed to attract a fish's attention.", "Fishing lure __knowledge__ The lure uses movement, vibration, flash and color to bait fish.", "Fishing lure __knowledge__ Many lures are equipped with one or more hooks that are used to catch fish when they strike the lure.", "Fishing lure __knowledge__ Some lures are placed to attract fish so a spear can be impaled into the fish or so the fish can be captured by hand.", "Fishing lure __knowledge__ Most lures are attached to the end of a fishing line and have various styles of hooks attached to the body and are designed to elicit a strike resulting in a hookset.", "Fishing lure __knowledge__ Many lures are commercially made but some are hand made such as fishing flies.", "Trolling (fishing) __knowledge__ Trolling can be phonetically confused with trawling, a different method of fishing where a net (trawl) is drawn through the water instead of lines.", "Trolling (fishing) __knowledge__ Trolling is used both for recreational and commercial fishing whereas trawling is used mainly for commercial fishing.", "Trolling (fishing) __knowledge__ Trolling from a moving boat involves moving quite slowly through the water.", "Trolling (fishing) __knowledge__ This can be accomplished with the use of a special trolling motor.", "Trolling (fishing) __knowledge__ Multiple lines are often used, and outriggers can be used to spread the lines more widely and reduce their chances of tangling.", "Trolling (fishing) __knowledge__ Downriggers can also be used to keep the lures or baits trailing at a desired depth.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ A fishing rod is a long, flexible rod used to catch fish.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ At its simplest, a fishing rod is a simple stick or pole attached to a line ending in a hook (formerly known as an \"angle\", hence the term angling).", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ The length of the rod can vary between .", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ To entice fish, bait or lures are impaled on one or more hooks attached to the line.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ The line is generally stored on a reel which reduces tangles and assists in landing a fish.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ Traditionally rods are made from bamboo, while contemporary rods are usually made from fibreglass or carbon fibre.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ In contrast with nets, which are usually used in subsistence and commercial fishing, fishing rods are more often used in recreational fishing and competitive casting.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ Marlin fishing (also called billfishing) is considered by some game fishermen to be a pinnacle of offshore game fishing, due to the size and power of the four marlin species and their relative rareness.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ Fishing for marlin captured the imagination of some sport fishermen in the 1930s, when well-known angler/authors Zane Grey, who fished for black, striped, and blue marlin in the Pacific, and Ernest Hemingway, who fished the Florida Keys, Bahamas and Cuba for Atlantic blue marlin and white marlin, wrote extensively about their pursuit and enthused about the sporting qualities of their quarry.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ These days a lot of resources are committed to the construction of private and charter billfishing boats to participate in the billfishing tournament circuit.", "Soft plastic bait __knowledge__ Soft plastic bait, commonly known as just plastic bait, is any of a range of plastic-based fishing baits, termed so because of their soft, flexible rubber texture.", "Soft plastic bait __knowledge__ Designed to imitate fish or other natural aquatic food sources, their realistic texture and versatility, combined with simple and economical production has led them to become a standard article of modern fishing tackle.", "Soft plastic bait __knowledge__ Soft plastics are available in a large range of colours, sizes and particularly shapes.", "Soft plastic bait __knowledge__ Soft plastics found their origins in the late 1950s and early 1960s, with small worms and grubs being moulded from hard rubber.", "Soft plastic bait __knowledge__ The stiff rubber used, as well as the basic shapes produced, did not allow the flexible action and effectiveness of modern soft plastics to be observed.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ A fishing reel is a cylindrical device attached to a fishing rod used in winding and stowing line.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ Modern fishing reels usually have fittings aiding in casting for distance and accuracy, as well as retrieving line.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ Fishing reels are traditionally used in the recreational sport of angling and competitive casting.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ They are typically attached to a fishing rod, though some specialized reels are mounted directly to boat gunwales or transoms.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ The fishing reel was invented in Song dynasty China, where the earliest known illustration of a fishing reel is from Chinese paintings and records beginning about 1195 AD.", "Heddon __knowledge__ Heddon is a brand of artificial fishing lures created by James Heddon, (originally a beekeeper) who is credited with the invention of the first artificial fishing lures made of wood in the late 1890s.", "Heddon __knowledge__ The Heddon Company was founded in 1902 to sell the lures, originally made by hand in the Heddon family kitchen in Dowagiac, Michigan.", "Heddon __knowledge__ By 1910 they had a sales distributor in Canada and a new factory in Dowagiac.", "Heddon __knowledge__ By 1950 the Heddon brand name was well known and they were producing over 12,000 lures a day.", "Heddon __knowledge__ In their growth years, the company also made rods, reels and other peripheral fishing gear.", "Heddon __knowledge__ Citing increased competition and wanting to quit during a profitable time, the Heddon family sold their business to the Murchinson family in 1955.", "Nail knot __knowledge__ The nail knot, also known as the tube knot or gryp knot, is mostly used in carp and fly-fishing.", "Nail knot __knowledge__ The nail knot was named because a nail was inserted as a guide when threading the line.", "Nail knot __knowledge__ Today, it is easier to use a small straw.", "Nail knot __knowledge__ The nail knot is an important fishing knot used to join two lines of different diameters and allows for line diameters to diminish down to the fly.", "Nail knot __knowledge__ I.E., it is useful for attaching your backing to the fly line, and your fly line to the leader, or tippet.", "Nail knot __knowledge__ The knot can be tied in multiple ways and is uniform.", "Nail knot __knowledge__ Most common uses in fly-fishing are attaching the leader to the fly line and attaching the fly line to the backing.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fly fishing tackle comprises the fishing tackle or equipment typically used by fly anglers.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fly fishing tackle includes: Fly rods normally vary between 2 m (6 ft) and 4 m (13 ft) in length with the most common length sold being 2.74 m (9 ft).", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Rod lengths are typically given in imperial measurements of feet and inches.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fly rods and lines are designated as to their \"weight\", typically written as Nwt where 'N' is the number (\"e.g.\"", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ 8wt, 9wt, 10wt).", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Rods are matched to the line according to weight.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ The rod's manufacturer will mark on the rod the fly line weights for which a rod has been designed.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ One-weight (1wt) rods and lines are the lightest; the weight designations increase in whole number increments as the rod becomes heavier.", "Bamboo fly rod __knowledge__ A bamboo fly rod or a split cane rod is a fly fishing rod that is made from bamboo.", "Bamboo fly rod __knowledge__ The British generally use the term \"split cane.\"", "Bamboo fly rod __knowledge__ In the U.S., most use the term \"bamboo.\"", "Bamboo fly rod __knowledge__ The \"heyday\" of bamboo fly rod production and use was an approximately 75-year period from the 1870-s to the 1950s when fiberglass became the predominant material for fly rods.", "Bamboo fly rod __knowledge__ Nevertheless, bamboo fly rods made from skilled makers continue to be 'state-of-the-art' in performance and are cherished and revered by their owners.", "Bamboo fly rod __knowledge__ With more than 1,000 different bamboo species and nearly a hundred different kinds, Tonkin Cane (\"Arundinaria amabilis\" or \"Pseudosasa amabilis\") is most often used for fishing rods, replacing Calcutta cane which was used extensively prior.", "Joan Wulff __knowledge__ Joan Salvato Wulff, also known as the \"First Lady of Fly Fishing\", is widely regarded as the architect of modern-day fly-casting mechanics and is revered within the sport for her pioneering and many accomplishments.", "Joan Wulff __knowledge__ Since learning to cast as a schoolgirl in 1937, she has left a legacy for new generations of fly anglers and taught countless people the art of fly-casting through the school she founded and books she has written.", "Joan Wulff __knowledge__ Her demystification of the fly cast, numerous career accolades, and many contributions to the sport have earned her induction into the International Game Fish Association Hall of Fame (2007) and American Casting Association Hall of Fame." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing is an angling method in which an artificial \"fly\" is used to catch fish.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly is cast using a fly rod, reel, and specialized weighted line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Casting a nearly weightless fly or \"lure\" requires casting techniques significantly different from other forms of casting.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishermen use hand tied flies that resemble natural invertebrates, baitfish, other food organisms, or \"lures\" to provoke the fish to strike (bite at the fly).", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing can be done in fresh or salt water.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ North Americans usually distinguish freshwater fishing between cold-water species (trout, salmon, steelhead) and warm-water species, notably bass.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ In Britain, where natural water temperatures vary less, the distinction is between game fishing for trout and salmon versus coarse fishing for other species.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for fly fishing differ with habitat (lakes and ponds, small streams, large rivers, bays and estuaries, and open ocean.)", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Author Izaak Walton called fly fishing \"The Contemplative Man's Recreation\".", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ In fly fishing, fish are caught by using artificial flies that are cast with a fly rod and a fly line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly line (today, almost always coated with plastic) is heavy enough to send the fly to the target.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the California coast, the use of ships and the Pacific Ocean has historically included water craft (such as dugouts, canoes, sailing ships, and steamships), fisheries, shipbuilding, Gold Rush shipping, ports, shipwrecks, naval ships and installations, and lighthouses.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ The maritime history of California can be divided into several periods: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1847; and United States statehood period, which continues to the present day.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the northwest coast of California near the redwood forests several Indian tribes developed large dugout canoes they used for fishing, trade and warfare.", "Angling __knowledge__ Angling is a method of fishing by means of an \"angle\" (fish hook).", "Angling __knowledge__ The hook is usually attached to a fishing line and the line is often attached to a fishing rod.", "Angling __knowledge__ Fishing rods are usually fitted with a fishing reel that functions as a mechanism for storing, retrieving and paying out the line.", "Angling __knowledge__ Tenkara fishing and cane pole fishing are two techniques that do not use a reel.", "Angling __knowledge__ The hook itself can be dressed with bait, but sometimes a lure, with hooks attached to it, is used in place of a hook and bait.", "Angling __knowledge__ A bite indicator such as a float, and a weight or sinker are sometimes used.", "Angling __knowledge__ Angling is the principal method of sport fishing, but commercial fisheries also use angling methods such as longlining or trolling.", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ In biology, any group of fish that stay together for social reasons are shoaling (pronounced ), and if the group is swimming in the same direction in a coordinated manner, they are schooling (pronounced ).", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ In common usage, the terms are sometimes used rather loosely.", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ About one quarter of fish species shoal all their lives, and about one half shoal for part of their lives.", "Shoaling and schooling __knowledge__ Fish derive many benefits from shoaling behaviour including defence against predators (through better predator detection and by diluting the chance of individual capture), enhanced foraging success, and higher success in finding a mate.", "Catch and release __knowledge__ Catch and release is a practice within recreational fishing intended as a technique of conservation.", "Catch and release __knowledge__ After capture, the fish are unhooked and returned to the water.", "Catch and release __knowledge__ Often, a fast measurement and weighing of the fish is worthwhile.", "Catch and release __knowledge__ Using barbless hooks, it is often possible to release the fish without removing it from the water (a slack line is frequently sufficient).", "Catch and release __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, catch and release has been performed for more than a century by coarse fishermen in order to prevent target species from disappearing in heavily fished waters.", "Catch and release __knowledge__ Since the latter part of the 20th century, many salmon and sea trout rivers have been converted to complete or partial catch and release.", "Overfishing __knowledge__ Overfishing is a form of overexploitation where fish stocks are reduced to below acceptable levels.", "Overfishing __knowledge__ Overfishing can occur in water bodies of any sizes, such as ponds, rivers, lakes or oceans, and can result in resource depletion, reduced biological growth rates and low biomass levels.", "Overfishing __knowledge__ Sustained overfishing can lead to critical depensation, where the fish population is no longer able to sustain itself.", "Overfishing __knowledge__ Some forms of overfishing, for example the overfishing of sharks, has led to the upset of entire marine ecosystems.", "Overfishing __knowledge__ The ability of a fishery to recover from overfishing depends on whether the ecosystem's conditions are suitable for the recovery.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing may include catching aquatic animals other than fish, such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "Fishing __knowledge__ The term is not normally applied to catching farmed fish, or to aquatic mammals, such as whales where the term whaling is more appropriate.", "Fishing __knowledge__ According to the United Nations FAO statistics, the total number of commercial fishermen and fish farmers is estimated to be 38 million.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fisheries and aquaculture provide direct and indirect employment to over 500 million people in developing countries.", "Forage fish __knowledge__ Forage fish, also called prey fish or bait fish, are small pelagic fish which are preyed on by larger predators for food.", "Forage fish __knowledge__ Predators include other larger fish, seabirds and marine mammals.", "Forage fish __knowledge__ Typical ocean forage fish feed near the base of the food chain on plankton, often by filter feeding.", "Forage fish __knowledge__ They include particularly fishes of the family Clupeidae (herrings, sardines, shad, hilsa, menhaden, anchovies and sprats), but also other small fish, including halfbeaks, silversides, smelt such as capelin, and the goldband fusiliers pictured on the right.", "Forage fish __knowledge__ Forage fish compensate for their small size by forming schools.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ A fishing rod is a long, flexible rod used to catch fish.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ At its simplest, a fishing rod is a simple stick or pole attached to a line ending in a hook (formerly known as an \"angle\", hence the term angling).", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ The length of the rod can vary between .", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ To entice fish, bait or lures are impaled on one or more hooks attached to the line.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ The line is generally stored on a reel which reduces tangles and assists in landing a fish.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ Traditionally rods are made from bamboo, while contemporary rods are usually made from fibreglass or carbon fibre.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ In contrast with nets, which are usually used in subsistence and commercial fishing, fishing rods are more often used in recreational fishing and competitive casting.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fly fishing tackle comprises the fishing tackle or equipment typically used by fly anglers.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fly fishing tackle includes: Fly rods normally vary between 2 m (6 ft) and 4 m (13 ft) in length with the most common length sold being 2.74 m (9 ft).", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Rod lengths are typically given in imperial measurements of feet and inches.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fly rods and lines are designated as to their \"weight\", typically written as Nwt where 'N' is the number (\"e.g.\"", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ 8wt, 9wt, 10wt).", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Rods are matched to the line according to weight.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ The rod's manufacturer will mark on the rod the fly line weights for which a rod has been designed.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ One-weight (1wt) rods and lines are the lightest; the weight designations increase in whole number increments as the rod becomes heavier.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ A fishing reel is a cylindrical device attached to a fishing rod used in winding and stowing line.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ Modern fishing reels usually have fittings aiding in casting for distance and accuracy, as well as retrieving line.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ Fishing reels are traditionally used in the recreational sport of angling and competitive casting.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ They are typically attached to a fishing rod, though some specialized reels are mounted directly to boat gunwales or transoms.", "Fishing reel __knowledge__ The fishing reel was invented in Song dynasty China, where the earliest known illustration of a fishing reel is from Chinese paintings and records beginning about 1195 AD.", "Spey casting __knowledge__ Spey casting is a casting technique used in fly fishing.", "Spey casting __knowledge__ Spey casting can be accomplished with either a normal length fly rod, or a rod referred to as a double-handed fly rod, often called a Spey rod.", "Spey casting __knowledge__ Spey rods can also be used for standard overhead casting.", "Spey casting __knowledge__ Spey casting is used for fishing large rivers for salmon and large trout such as steelhead and sea trout.", "Spey casting __knowledge__ Spey technique is also used in saltwater surf casting.", "Spey casting __knowledge__ All of these situations require the angler to cast larger flies long distances.", "Spey casting __knowledge__ The two-handed Spey technique allows more powerful casts and avoids obstacles on the shore by keeping most of the line in front of the angler.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle is the equipment used by fishermen when fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Almost any equipment or gear used for fishing can be called fishing tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Some examples are hooks, lines, sinkers, floats, rods, reels, baits, lures, spears, nets, gaffs, traps, waders and tackle boxes.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Gear that is attached to the end of a fishing line is called terminal tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ This includes hooks, leaders, swivels, sinkers, floats, split rings and wire, snaps, beads, spoons, blades, spinners and clevises to attach spinner blades to fishing lures.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Sometimes the term fishing rig is used for a completed assembly of tackle ready for fishing.", "Nail knot __knowledge__ The nail knot, also known as the tube knot or gryp knot, is mostly used in carp and fly-fishing.", "Nail knot __knowledge__ The nail knot was named because a nail was inserted as a guide when threading the line.", "Nail knot __knowledge__ Today, it is easier to use a small straw.", "Nail knot __knowledge__ The nail knot is an important fishing knot used to join two lines of different diameters and allows for line diameters to diminish down to the fly.", "Nail knot __knowledge__ I.E., it is useful for attaching your backing to the fly line, and your fly line to the leader, or tippet.", "Nail knot __knowledge__ The knot can be tied in multiple ways and is uniform.", "Nail knot __knowledge__ Most common uses in fly-fishing are attaching the leader to the fly line and attaching the fly line to the backing." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 2, 11, 8 ]

[ "Yes - and what's funny is that it's an angling method that uses an artificial \"fly\" to catch fish!", "I like being on a boat but typically fly fishing uses casting a nearly weightless lure with different techniques than other casting. ", "The fly is cast using a fly rod, reel and specialized weighted line", "Various \"fly\" lures and the fly line, which is usually coated with plastic, is heavy enough to send the fly to the target", "Well, techiniques for fly fishing differ among habitats, like lakes, ponds, small streams, rivers, bays, oceans, so there are different fish in different habitats" ]

[ "Fly fishing", "Fly fishing", "Fly fishing", "Fly fishing", "Fly fishing" ]

[ "Cruise ship\nI love rides on cruise ships ", "That is true. Really? Myself and a friend rdgabmomoh had one last summer", "Yeah. It has a casino inside", "You are right" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way, i.e., ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Transportation is not the only purpose of cruising, particularly on cruises that return passengers to their originating port (also known as a \"closed-loop cruise\"), with the ports of call usually in a specified region of a continent.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ There are even \"cruises to nowhere\" or \"nowhere voyages\" where the ship makes 2–3 night round trips without any ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ By contrast, dedicated transport oriented ocean liners do \"line voyages\" and typically transport passengers from one point to another, rather than on round trips.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Traditionally, a liner for the transoceanic trade will be built to a higher standard than a typical cruise ship, including higher freeboard and stronger plating to withstand rough seas and adverse conditions encountered in the open ocean, such as the North Atlantic.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Ocean liners also usually have larger capacities for fuel, food, and other stores for consumption on long voyages, compared to dedicated cruise ships, but they no longer exist with the exception of some preserved liners and \"Queen Mary 2\" when on scheduled North Atlantic voyages.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ The cruise ship industry is a significant and growing contributor to the United States economy, providing more than $32 billion in benefits annually and generating more than 330,000 U.S. jobs, but also making the environmental impacts of its activities an issue to many.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Although cruise ships represent a small fraction of the entire shipping industry worldwide, public attention to their environmental impacts comes in part from the fact that cruise ships are highly visible and in part because of the industry’s desire to promote a positive image.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Cruise ships carrying several thousand passengers and crew have been compared to “floating cities,” and the volume of wastes that they produce is comparably large, consisting of sewage; wastewater from sinks, showers, and galleys (graywater); hazardous wastes; solid waste; oily bilge water; ballast water; and air pollution.", "Venice __knowledge__ Venice ( ; , ; , ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.", "Venice __knowledge__ It is situated across a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by bridges, of which there are 400.", "Venice __knowledge__ The islands are located in the shallow Venetian Lagoon, an enclosed bay that lies between the mouths of the Po and the Piave Rivers.", "Venice __knowledge__ Parts of Venice are renowned for the beauty of their settings, their architecture, and artwork.", "Venice __knowledge__ The lagoon and a part of the city are listed as a World Heritage Site.", "Venice __knowledge__ In 2014, 264,579 people resided in \"Comune di Venezia\", of whom around 55,000 live in the historic city of Venice (\"Centro storico\").", "Environmental impact of shipping __knowledge__ The environmental impact of shipping includes greenhouse gas emissions, acoustic, and oil pollution.", "Environmental impact of shipping __knowledge__ The International Maritime Organization (IMO) estimates that Carbon dioxide emissions from shipping were equal to 2.2% of the global human-made emissions in 2012 and expects them to rise 50 to 250 percent by 2050 if no action is taken.", "Environmental impact of shipping __knowledge__ The First Intersessional Meeting of the IMO Working Group on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Ships took place in Oslo, Norway on 23–27 June 2008.", "Environmental impact of shipping __knowledge__ It was tasked with developing the technical basis for the reduction mechanisms that may form part of a future IMO regime to control greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping, and a draft of the actual reduction mechanisms themselves, for further consideration by IMO's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC).", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ A passenger ship is a merchant ship whose primary function is to carry passengers on the sea.", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ The category does not include cargo vessels which have accommodations for limited numbers of passengers, such as the ubiquitous twelve-passenger freighters once common on the seas in which the transport of passengers is secondary to the carriage of freight.", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ The type does however include many classes of ships designed to transport substantial numbers of passengers as well as freight.", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ Indeed, until recently virtually all ocean liners were able to transport mail, package freight and express, and other cargo in addition to passenger luggage, and were equipped with cargo holds and derricks, kingposts, or other cargo-handling gear for that purpose.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ Royal Caribbean International is a cruise line brand founded in Norway and based in Miami, Florida, United States.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ It is owned by Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. , the line is operating 24 ships, has six additional ships on order, and controls 21.9 percent of the cruise market worldwide.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ All ships under the Royal Caribbean International brand have names ending with \"of the Seas\" (e.g. )", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ a practice which began in 1991.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ Royal Caribbean International was founded as Royal Caribbean Cruise Line in 1968 by three Norwegian shipping companies: Anders Wilhelmsen & Company, I.M.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ Skaugen & Company, and Gotaas Larsen.", "Port Everglades __knowledge__ Port Everglades is a seaport in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, located in Broward County.", "Port Everglades __knowledge__ Port Everglades is one of South Florida's foremost economic centers, as it is the gateway for both international trade and cruise vacations.", "Port Everglades __knowledge__ In 2015, Port Everglades was ranked the third busiest cruise port in the world, accommodating 3.4 million passengers.", "Port Everglades __knowledge__ It was also the busiest container port in Florida and 10th busiest in the United States, moving more than 1 million TEUs in 2013.", "Port Everglades __knowledge__ The port is also South Florida's main seaport for importing petroleum products including gasoline, jet fuel, and alternative fuels." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way, i.e., ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Transportation is not the only purpose of cruising, particularly on cruises that return passengers to their originating port (also known as a \"closed-loop cruise\"), with the ports of call usually in a specified region of a continent.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ There are even \"cruises to nowhere\" or \"nowhere voyages\" where the ship makes 2–3 night round trips without any ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ By contrast, dedicated transport oriented ocean liners do \"line voyages\" and typically transport passengers from one point to another, rather than on round trips.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Traditionally, a liner for the transoceanic trade will be built to a higher standard than a typical cruise ship, including higher freeboard and stronger plating to withstand rough seas and adverse conditions encountered in the open ocean, such as the North Atlantic.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Ocean liners also usually have larger capacities for fuel, food, and other stores for consumption on long voyages, compared to dedicated cruise ships, but they no longer exist with the exception of some preserved liners and \"Queen Mary 2\" when on scheduled North Atlantic voyages.", "List of I Know What You Did Last Summer characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the \"I Know What You Did Last Summer\" franchise.", "List of I Know What You Did Last Summer characters __knowledge__ The plot events are described, below, using in-inverse tone.", "List of I Know What You Did Last Summer characters __knowledge__ Julie Nicole James is a central character in both \"I Know What You Did Last Summer\" and its sequel, \"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\", portrayed by Jennifer Love Hewitt.", "List of I Know What You Did Last Summer characters __knowledge__ She was the only one who disagreed with dumping Ben's body and felt the guiltiest about the accident.", "List of I Know What You Did Last Summer characters __knowledge__ She is Ben Willis' main target.", "List of I Know What You Did Last Summer characters __knowledge__ She survives the events of the first film.", "List of I Know What You Did Last Summer characters __knowledge__ In the second film, Ben had set up her, Karla and Tyrell, with the help of his son, Will.", "List of I Know What You Did Last Summer characters __knowledge__ She again survives Ben's attack and kills him by shooting him many times.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Slasher films are a subgenre of horror films, typically involving a violent psychopath stalking and murdering several people, usually with bladed tools.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Although the term \"slasher\" is sometimes used informally as a generic term for any horror movie involving murder, analysts of the genre cite an established set of characteristics which set these films apart from other horror subgenres, such as splatter films and psychological horror films.", "Slasher film __knowledge__ Some critics cite the Italian giallo films and the British-produced psychological thriller or psychological horror films \"Peeping Tom\" (1960) by Michael Powell and \"Psycho\" (1960) by Alfred Hitchcock as the earliest influential \"slasher\" films, and most agree that the genre's peak occurred in American films released during the 1970s and 1980s.", "Ibrahim Hamed __knowledge__ Ibrahim Hamed (إبراهيم حامد) is a Hamas military commander in the West Bank who ordered suicide bombing attacks during the Second Intifada until he was apprehended by Israeli security sources on 23 May 2006.", "Ibrahim Hamed __knowledge__ Israeli authorities accused him of being responsible for 96 civilian deaths.", "Ibrahim Hamed __knowledge__ Ibrahim Hamed is serving 45 life sentences in Israeli prison for orchestrating many suicide attacks in Israel that killed dozens of civilians.", "Ibrahim Hamed __knowledge__ It appears that Hamed was interned under consecutive 6-month administrative detention orders by the Israeli government.", "Ibrahim Hamed __knowledge__ Israel tried Hamed in military court, alleging that he was responsible for killing 46 people and wounding over 400 others.", "I Know What You Did Last Summer __knowledge__ I Know What You Did Last Summer is a 1997 American slasher horror film written by Kevin Williamson and directed by Jim Gillespie.", "I Know What You Did Last Summer __knowledge__ The film is loosely based on the 1973 novel of the same name by Lois Duncan.", "I Know What You Did Last Summer __knowledge__ The film also draws inspiration from the urban legend known as the Hook.", "I Know What You Did Last Summer __knowledge__ The film stars Jennifer Love Hewitt, Sarah Michelle Gellar, Ryan Phillippe, and Freddie Prinze Jr., with Anne Heche, Bridgette Wilson, and Johnny Galecki appearing in supporting roles.", "I Know What You Did Last Summer __knowledge__ \"I Know What You Did Last Summer\" centers on four friends who are being stalked by a killer, one year after covering up a car accident in which they were involved.", "I Still Know What You Did Last Summer __knowledge__ I Still Know What You Did Last Summer is a 1998 American slasher film and a sequel to the 1997 film \"I Know What You Did Last Summer\".", "I Still Know What You Did Last Summer __knowledge__ Directed by Danny Cannon, the film was written by Trey Callaway, and features characters originally created in Lois Duncan's 1973 novel \"I Know What You Did Last Summer\".", "I Still Know What You Did Last Summer __knowledge__ Jennifer Love Hewitt, Freddie Prinze, Jr. and Muse Watson reprise their roles, with Brandy, Mekhi Phifer, Jennifer Esposito, and Matthew Settle joining the cast.", "I Still Know What You Did Last Summer __knowledge__ \"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\" continues after the events of the first film.", "I Still Know What You Did Last Summer __knowledge__ Callaway's script was published in an edited \"young adult\" format, leaving in all descriptions of violence but omitting the harsher language.", "Suddenly, Last Summer (film) __knowledge__ Suddenly, Last Summer is a 1959 American Southern Gothic mystery film based on the play of the same title by Tennessee Williams.", "Suddenly, Last Summer (film) __knowledge__ The film was directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz and produced by Sam Spiegel from a screenplay by Gore Vidal with cinematography by Jack Hildyard and production design by Oliver Messel.", "Suddenly, Last Summer (film) __knowledge__ The musical score was composed by Buxton Orr using themes by Malcolm Arnold.", "Suddenly, Last Summer (film) __knowledge__ The plot centers on a young woman who, at the insistence of her wealthy New Orleans aunt, is being evaluated by a psychiatric doctor to receive a lobotomy after witnessing the death of her cousin, Sebastian Venable, while traveling with him in Spain the previous summer.", "I Know What You Did Last Summer (song) __knowledge__ \"I Know What You Did Last Summer\" is a song by Canadian singer Shawn Mendes and Cuban-American singer Camila Cabello.", "I Know What You Did Last Summer (song) __knowledge__ It was released as the lead single from his 2015 revisited version of his debut studio album, \"Handwritten\" (2015) via Island Records on November 18, 2015.", "I Know What You Did Last Summer (song) __knowledge__ It reached the top 20 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and on the Canadian Hot 100.", "I Know What You Did Last Summer (song) __knowledge__ Mendes and Cabello promoted the song with several televised performances, including on \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\" and at the 2016 People's Choice Awards.", "I Know What You Did Last Summer (song) __knowledge__ \"I Know What You Did Last Summer\" was written backstage spontaneously on one of Taylor Swift's The 1989 World Tour stops, in which Mendes was an opening act and Cabello was the surprise guest as part of the group Fifth Harmony.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ The SS \"France\" was a Compagnie Générale Transatlantique (CGT, or French Line) ocean liner, constructed by the Chantiers de l'Atlantique shipyard at Saint-Nazaire, France, and put into service in February 1962.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ At the time of her construction in 1960, the vessel was the longest passenger ship ever built, a record that remained unchallenged until the construction of the in 2004.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ \"France\" was later purchased by Norwegian Cruise Line (NCL) in 1979, renamed SS \"Norway\" and underwent significant modifications that better suited her for cruising duties.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ She was sold to be scrapped in 2006, and scrapping was completed in late 2008.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ An ocean liner is a passenger ship primarily used as a form of transportation across seas or oceans.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Liners may also carry cargo or mail, and may sometimes be used for other purposes (e.g., for pleasure cruises or as hospital ships).", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Cargo vessels running to a schedule are sometimes called \"liners\".", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ The category does not include ferries or other vessels engaged in short-sea trading, nor dedicated cruise ships where the voyage itself, and not transportation, is the prime purpose of the trip.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Nor does it include tramp steamers, even those equipped to handle limited numbers of passengers.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Some shipping companies refer to themselves as \"lines\" and their container ships, which often operate over set routes according to established schedules, as \"liners\".", "Northwest Passage __knowledge__ The Northwest Passage (abbreviated as NWP) is, from the European and northern Atlantic point of view, the sea route to the Pacific Ocean through the Arctic Ocean, along the northern coast of North America via waterways through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.", "Northwest Passage __knowledge__ The eastern route along the Arctic coasts of Norway and Siberia is accordingly called Northeast Passage (NEP).", "Northwest Passage __knowledge__ The various islands of the archipelago are separated from one another and from the Canadian mainland by a series of Arctic waterways collectively known as the Northwest Passages or Northwestern Passages.", "Northwest Passage __knowledge__ For centuries, European explorers sought a navigable passage as a possible trade route to Asia.", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ RMS \"Andes\" was a steam turbine Royal Mail Ship, ocean liner, cruise ship, and the flagship of the Royal Mail Lines fleet.", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ She was the second Royal Mail ship to be named after the South American Andes mountain range.", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ The first RMS \"Andes\" was an A-class liner .", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ In 1929 that RMS \"Andes\" was converted into a cruise ship and renamed \"Atlantis\".", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ The second \"Andes\" was built in Belfast in 1937–39 and completed at the outbreak of the Second World War.", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ The Admiralty almost immediately requisitioned her as a troop ship and had her converted to carry about 4,000 troops.", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ In troop service she broke three speed records for long-distance voyages.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ The cruise ship industry is a significant and growing contributor to the United States economy, providing more than $32 billion in benefits annually and generating more than 330,000 U.S. jobs, but also making the environmental impacts of its activities an issue to many.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Although cruise ships represent a small fraction of the entire shipping industry worldwide, public attention to their environmental impacts comes in part from the fact that cruise ships are highly visible and in part because of the industry’s desire to promote a positive image.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Cruise ships carrying several thousand passengers and crew have been compared to “floating cities,” and the volume of wastes that they produce is comparably large, consisting of sewage; wastewater from sinks, showers, and galleys (graywater); hazardous wastes; solid waste; oily bilge water; ballast water; and air pollution.", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ RMS \"Queen Mary 2 (also referred to as the QM2\") is a transatlantic ocean liner.", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ She is the largest and only major ocean liner built for the British Cunard Line since \"Queen Elizabeth 2\" in 1969, the vessel she succeeded as flagship of the Cunard Line.", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ The new ship was named \"Queen Mary 2\" by Queen Elizabeth II in 2004 after the first 1936 namesake ship .", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ \"Queen Mary\" was in turn named after Mary of Teck, consort of King George V. With the retirement of \"Queen Elizabeth 2\" in 2008, \"Queen Mary 2\" is the only transatlantic ocean liner in line service between Southampton, England and New York City, New York, operating for a part of each year." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way, i.e., ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Transportation is not the only purpose of cruising, particularly on cruises that return passengers to their originating port (also known as a \"closed-loop cruise\"), with the ports of call usually in a specified region of a continent.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ There are even \"cruises to nowhere\" or \"nowhere voyages\" where the ship makes 2–3 night round trips without any ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ By contrast, dedicated transport oriented ocean liners do \"line voyages\" and typically transport passengers from one point to another, rather than on round trips.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Traditionally, a liner for the transoceanic trade will be built to a higher standard than a typical cruise ship, including higher freeboard and stronger plating to withstand rough seas and adverse conditions encountered in the open ocean, such as the North Atlantic.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Ocean liners also usually have larger capacities for fuel, food, and other stores for consumption on long voyages, compared to dedicated cruise ships, but they no longer exist with the exception of some preserved liners and \"Queen Mary 2\" when on scheduled North Atlantic voyages.", "Grosvenor Casinos __knowledge__ Established in 1970, Grosvenor Casinos (formerly County Clubs and Grosvenor Clubs) is a UK-based chain of 55 casinos located in major towns and cities across the UK, with two unbranded sister casinos located in Belgium.", "Grosvenor Casinos __knowledge__ Grosvenor Casinos is owned by The Rank Group who operate exclusively in the casino, bingo and online gaming industries across Belgium, Spain and the UK.", "Grosvenor Casinos __knowledge__ As of June 2014, revenue was reported at £391.2m, with an operating profit of £56.8m - coming from a total of over 1.7 million customers per year.", "Grosvenor Casinos __knowledge__ Of these 1.7 million customers, over 8.5 million customer visits occur every year.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Riverside Hotel (Reno, Nevada) __knowledge__ Riverside Hotel is a former hotel and casino located in Downtown Reno, Nevada, that sits on the exact location where Reno began in 1859.", "Riverside Hotel (Reno, Nevada) __knowledge__ The building now houses apartments and studios for artists and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.", "Riverside Hotel (Reno, Nevada) __knowledge__ C. W. Fuller operated a log building on this location that provided food and shelter to gold-seekers who were passing through the area in the reverse gold rush called the \"Rush to Washoe\" (meaning people were heading east from instead of west to California), spurred by the gold, and later silver, strikes of the Comstock Lode.", "Riverside Hotel (Reno, Nevada) __knowledge__ Myron Lake owned the property from 1861 into the 1880s, running consecutive hotel businesses under the name Lake's House.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "A Hard Day's Night (film) __knowledge__ A Hard Day's Night is a 1964 British musical comedy film directed by Richard Lester and starring the Beatles—John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr—during the height of Beatlemania.", "A Hard Day's Night (film) __knowledge__ It was written by Alun Owen and originally released by United Artists.", "A Hard Day's Night (film) __knowledge__ The film portrays several days in the lives of the group.", "A Hard Day's Night (film) __knowledge__ The film was a financial and critical success.", "A Hard Day's Night (film) __knowledge__ \"Time\" magazine rated it as one of the all-time great 100 films.", "A Hard Day's Night (film) __knowledge__ British critic Leslie Halliwell described it as a \"comic fantasia with music; an enormous commercial success with the director trying every cinematic gag in the book\" and awarded it a full four stars.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Cruising (driving) __knowledge__ Cruising is a social activity that primarily consists of driving a car.", "Cruising (driving) __knowledge__ Cruising can be an expression of the freedom of possessing a driver's license.", "Cruising (driving) __knowledge__ Cruising is distinguished from regular driving by the social and recreational nature of the activity, which is characterized by an impulsively random, often aimless course.", "Cruising (driving) __knowledge__ A popular route (or \"strip\") is often the focus of cruising.", "Cruising (driving) __knowledge__ \"Cruise nights\" are evenings during which cars drive slowly.", "Cruising (driving) __knowledge__ Another common form is a \"Booze Cruise\": this is where a group of people go out 'cruising' and drinking.", "Cruising (driving) __knowledge__ A cruise can be a meeting of car enthusiasts at a predetermined location, organised predominantly through the internet (in recent times) but also largely through mobile phone, word of mouth or simply by a cruise being established enough that it becomes a regular event.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ The SS \"France\" was a Compagnie Générale Transatlantique (CGT, or French Line) ocean liner, constructed by the Chantiers de l'Atlantique shipyard at Saint-Nazaire, France, and put into service in February 1962.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ At the time of her construction in 1960, the vessel was the longest passenger ship ever built, a record that remained unchallenged until the construction of the in 2004.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ \"France\" was later purchased by Norwegian Cruise Line (NCL) in 1979, renamed SS \"Norway\" and underwent significant modifications that better suited her for cruising duties.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ She was sold to be scrapped in 2006, and scrapping was completed in late 2008.", "LGBT cruises __knowledge__ LGBT cruises are a rising phenomenon in LGBT culture and a growing trend in the LGBT tourism industry.", "LGBT cruises __knowledge__ As LGBT tourism began to expand more into the LGBT society as a new cultural phenomenon, LGBT cruises became one of the growing trends.", "LGBT cruises __knowledge__ Before the start of all-gay cruises, gay couples would go on predominantly straight cruises, then later on had small LGBT groups aboard on mainstream cruises.", "LGBT cruises __knowledge__ Now, the LGBT cruising phenomenon expanded its scale, resulting in the establishment of all-gay or all-lesbian cruises.", "LGBT cruises __knowledge__ It is contributing a great portion in the LGBT tourism, as the demand of gay and lesbian cruising companies and itineraries has been in a constant increase over the last 10 years.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Swedish American Line __knowledge__ Swedish American Line (, abbreviated SAL) is a Swedish passenger shipping line.", "Swedish American Line __knowledge__ It was founded in December 1914 under the name Rederiaktiebolaget Sverige-Nordamerika, beginning ocean liner service from Gothenburg to New York in 1915.", "Swedish American Line __knowledge__ In 1925 the company changed its name to Svenska Amerika Linien / Swedish American Line.", "Swedish American Line __knowledge__ The Swedish American Line was amongst the first companies to build liners with provisions for off-season cruising, as well as the first company to build a diesel-engined transatlantic liner.", "Swedish American Line __knowledge__ Increased operational costs and stronger competition from aeroplanes forced the company to abandon passenger traffic in 1975, but cargo operations continued until the 1980s.", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ RMS \"Andes\" was a steam turbine Royal Mail Ship, ocean liner, cruise ship, and the flagship of the Royal Mail Lines fleet.", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ She was the second Royal Mail ship to be named after the South American Andes mountain range.", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ The first RMS \"Andes\" was an A-class liner .", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ In 1929 that RMS \"Andes\" was converted into a cruise ship and renamed \"Atlantis\".", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ The second \"Andes\" was built in Belfast in 1937–39 and completed at the outbreak of the Second World War.", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ The Admiralty almost immediately requisitioned her as a troop ship and had her converted to carry about 4,000 troops.", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ In troop service she broke three speed records for long-distance voyages." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way, i.e., ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Transportation is not the only purpose of cruising, particularly on cruises that return passengers to their originating port (also known as a \"closed-loop cruise\"), with the ports of call usually in a specified region of a continent.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ There are even \"cruises to nowhere\" or \"nowhere voyages\" where the ship makes 2–3 night round trips without any ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ By contrast, dedicated transport oriented ocean liners do \"line voyages\" and typically transport passengers from one point to another, rather than on round trips.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Traditionally, a liner for the transoceanic trade will be built to a higher standard than a typical cruise ship, including higher freeboard and stronger plating to withstand rough seas and adverse conditions encountered in the open ocean, such as the North Atlantic.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Ocean liners also usually have larger capacities for fuel, food, and other stores for consumption on long voyages, compared to dedicated cruise ships, but they no longer exist with the exception of some preserved liners and \"Queen Mary 2\" when on scheduled North Atlantic voyages.", "Cariboo (provincial electoral district) __knowledge__ Cariboo was one of the twelve original electoral districts created when British Columbia became a Canadian province in 1871.", "Cariboo (provincial electoral district) __knowledge__ Roughly corresponding to the old colonial electoral administrative district of the same name, it was a three-member riding until the 1894 election, when it was reduced through reapportionment and became a two-member riding until the 1916 election, after which it has been a single-member riding.", "Cariboo (provincial electoral district) __knowledge__ It produced many notable Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs), including George Anthony Boomer Walkem, third and fifth holder of the office of Premier of British Columbia and who was one of the first representatives elected from the riding; John Robson, ninth Premier of British Columbia; and Robert Bonner, a powerful minister in the W.A.C.", "Esquimalt (electoral district) __knowledge__ Esquimalt was a provincial electoral district in the province of British Columbia, Canada.", "Esquimalt (electoral district) __knowledge__ It was one of the province's first twelve ridings upon its entry into Confederation.", "Esquimalt (electoral district) __knowledge__ It was originally a two-member riding.", "Esquimalt (electoral district) __knowledge__ Its successor riding today is Esquimalt-Metchosin.", "Esquimalt (electoral district) __knowledge__ \"Note: Winners of each election are in\" bold.", "Esquimalt (electoral district) __knowledge__ !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|182 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|n/a !align=\"right\"| -.- % !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=7| The byelection was called due to the resignation of A.R.", "Skeena (provincial electoral district) __knowledge__ Skeena is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, Canada.", "Skeena (provincial electoral district) __knowledge__ It first appeared in the provincial election of 1924.", "Skeena (provincial electoral district) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with the former federal electoral district of Skeena, which encompassed a larger area.", "Skeena (provincial electoral district) __knowledge__ As of the 2017 provincial election, Skeena comprises the southern portion of the Regional District of Kitimat-Stikine, with the exception of the southern tip of the region which is part of the North Coast electoral district.", "Skeena (provincial electoral district) __knowledge__ It is located in western British Columbia, with the northwest bordering Alaska, United States.", "Skeena (provincial electoral district) __knowledge__ Communities in the electoral district consist of Terrace and Kitimat.", "Comox (electoral district) __knowledge__ Comox was a provincial electoral district in the Canadian province of British Columbia.", "Comox (electoral district) __knowledge__ It was one of the first twelve ridings representing that province upon its joining Confederation, and was a one-member constituency.", "Comox (electoral district) __knowledge__ The core of this once-vast riding, which at its inception stretched to the Yukon border, is now named Comox Valley.", "Comox (electoral district) __knowledge__ Nominally this riding included most of the Central Coast as well as all of northern Vancouver Island, but in practicality there were very few eligible voters as the vast majority of the area's population was from one of the many First Nations in the district.", "Comox (electoral district) __knowledge__ \"Note: Winners in each election are in bold.\"", "Cowichan-Alberni __knowledge__ Cowichan-Alberni was a provincial electoral district in the Canadian province of British Columbia.", "Cowichan-Alberni __knowledge__ It appeared in the 1894 general election only.", "Cowichan-Alberni __knowledge__ It was formed by combining the Alberni riding and parts of the older Cowichan riding.", "Cowichan-Alberni __knowledge__ Alberni riding and Cowichan riding were restored for the 1898 election.", "Cowichan-Alberni __knowledge__ \"Note: Winners in each election are in bold.\"", "Cowichan-Alberni __knowledge__ !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"| - !align=\"right\"| - % !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|459 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|188 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|678 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|664 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|983 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|1,049 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|812 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|4,124 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|2,869 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|4,413 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"|34 !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|5,211 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"|80 !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|6,899 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"|166 !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|7,523 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"|161 !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|12,834 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"|435 !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|13,756 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"|12,308 !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"|446 !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|77.94% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=9|(Preferential ballot: 1st and 3rd counts of three shown only) !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|13,561 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"|12,479 !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"|717 !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|77.94% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=9|Preferential ballot: 1st and 4th counts of four shown only) !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|11,810 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|11,810 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"|183 !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|15,791 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"|248 !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|15,570 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"|150 !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|11,033 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"|104 !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|17,344 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"|194 !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|21,985 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"|135 !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|26,148 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"|454 !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|22,061 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"|315 !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|29,452 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"|258 !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total valid votes !align=\"right\"|30,953 !align=\"right\"|100.00% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Total rejected ballots !align=\"right\"|276 !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\" colspan=3|Turnout !align=\"right\"|% !align=\"right\"| !align=\"right\"| Elections BC historical returns", "North Pacific right whale __knowledge__ The North Pacific right whale (\"Eubalaena japonica\") is a very large, thickset baleen whale species that is extremely rare and endangered.", "North Pacific right whale __knowledge__ The Northeast Pacific population, which summers in the southeastern Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska, may have no more than 40 animals.", "North Pacific right whale __knowledge__ A western population that summers near the Commander Islands, the coast of Kamchatka, along the Kuril Islands and in the Sea of Okhotsk between it, is thought to number in the low hundreds.", "North Pacific right whale __knowledge__ Before commercial whaling in the North Pacific (i.e.", "North Pacific right whale __knowledge__ pre-1835) there were probably over 20,000 right whales in the region.", "North Pacific right whale __knowledge__ The taking of right whales in commercial whaling has been prohibited by one or more international treaties since 1935.", "Lillooet (electoral district) __knowledge__ The Lillooet electoral district was a riding (provincial constituency) in the Canadian province of British Columbia, centred on the town of the same name and with various boundaries.", "Lillooet (electoral district) __knowledge__ Originally with two members, the constituency was split into Lillooet West and Lillooet East in the 1894, 1898, and 1900 elections, with Lillooet West being recomprised as one riding (with only one member) in the 1903 election.", "Lillooet (electoral district) __knowledge__ The riding was one of the first created in British Columbia, and at the time the town of Lillooet was one of the largest in the province (it is now one of the smallest).", "Lillooet (electoral district) __knowledge__ It was originally a two-member riding.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ An ocean liner is a passenger ship primarily used as a form of transportation across seas or oceans.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Liners may also carry cargo or mail, and may sometimes be used for other purposes (e.g., for pleasure cruises or as hospital ships).", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Cargo vessels running to a schedule are sometimes called \"liners\".", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ The category does not include ferries or other vessels engaged in short-sea trading, nor dedicated cruise ships where the voyage itself, and not transportation, is the prime purpose of the trip.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Nor does it include tramp steamers, even those equipped to handle limited numbers of passengers.", "Ocean liner __knowledge__ Some shipping companies refer to themselves as \"lines\" and their container ships, which often operate over set routes according to established schedules, as \"liners\".", "British merchant seamen of World War II __knowledge__ Merchant seamen crewed the merchant ships of the British Merchant Navy which kept the United Kingdom supplied with raw materials, arms, ammunition, fuel, food and all of the necessities of a nation at war throughout World War II literally enabling the country to defend itself.", "British merchant seamen of World War II __knowledge__ In doing this they sustained a considerably greater casualty rate than almost every branch of the armed services and suffered great hardship.", "British merchant seamen of World War II __knowledge__ Seamen were aged from fourteen through to their late seventies.", "British merchant seamen of World War II __knowledge__ The office of the Registrar General of Shipping and Seamen calculated that 144,000 merchant seamen were serving aboard British registered merchant ships at the outbreak of World War II and that up to 185,000 men and women served in the Merchant Navy during the wartime.", "Art Deco __knowledge__ Art Deco, sometimes referred to as Deco, is a style of visual arts, architecture and design that first appeared in France just before World War I.", "Art Deco __knowledge__ Art Deco influenced the design of buildings, furniture, jewelry, fashion, cars, movie theatres, trains, ocean liners, and everyday objects such as radios and vacuum cleaners.", "Art Deco __knowledge__ It took its name, short for \"Arts Décoratifs\", from the Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes (International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts) held in Paris in 1925.", "Art Deco __knowledge__ It combined modernist styles with fine craftsmanship and rich materials.", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ The Queen Elizabeth 2, often referred to simply as QE2, is a retired ocean liner built for the Cunard Line which was operated by Cunard as both a transatlantic liner and a cruise ship from 1969 to 2008.", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ She was designed for the transatlantic service from her home port of Southampton, UK, to New York, and was named after the earlier Cunard liner .", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ She served as the flagship of the line from 1969 until succeeded by in 2004.", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ Designed in Cunard's then headquarters and regional offices in Liverpool and Southampton respectively, and built in Clydebank, Scotland, \"QE2\" was considered the last of the great transatlantic ocean liners until \"Queen Mary 2\" entered service.", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ A passenger ship is a merchant ship whose primary function is to carry passengers on the sea.", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ The category does not include cargo vessels which have accommodations for limited numbers of passengers, such as the ubiquitous twelve-passenger freighters once common on the seas in which the transport of passengers is secondary to the carriage of freight.", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ The type does however include many classes of ships designed to transport substantial numbers of passengers as well as freight.", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ Indeed, until recently virtually all ocean liners were able to transport mail, package freight and express, and other cargo in addition to passenger luggage, and were equipped with cargo holds and derricks, kingposts, or other cargo-handling gear for that purpose.", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ RMS \"Queen Mary 2 (also referred to as the QM2\") is a transatlantic ocean liner.", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ She is the largest and only major ocean liner built for the British Cunard Line since \"Queen Elizabeth 2\" in 1969, the vessel she succeeded as flagship of the Cunard Line.", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ The new ship was named \"Queen Mary 2\" by Queen Elizabeth II in 2004 after the first 1936 namesake ship .", "RMS Queen Mary 2 __knowledge__ \"Queen Mary\" was in turn named after Mary of Teck, consort of King George V. With the retirement of \"Queen Elizabeth 2\" in 2008, \"Queen Mary 2\" is the only transatlantic ocean liner in line service between Southampton, England and New York City, New York, operating for a part of each year." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 6, 5 ]

[ "A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, I've never ridden on a cruise!", "I'm sure that was fun, transportation is usually not the only purpose of cruising, it is mostly the amenities that people go on cruises for.", "Wow that must have been a big ship! usually ocean liners have larger capacities for fuel, food and other stores for consumption.", "Yeah have you ever ridden on a transoceanic liner or just a cruise liner?" ]

[ "Cruise ship", "Cruise ship", "Cruise ship", "Cruise ship" ]

[ "Pizza", "Yea sounds like you are a pizza lover like me", "When was the word pizza coined?", "How many types of pizza do we have?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Carlos Gustavo Rosado Muñoz __knowledge__ Carlos Gustavo Rosado Muñoz (1941–2013) was a notable Mexican businessman, mathematician and scholar.", "Carlos Gustavo Rosado Muñoz __knowledge__ He was born on October 19, 1941, in Mexico City and died on May 5, 2013, at his weekend home in Mineral del Chico, Hidalgo.", "Carlos Gustavo Rosado Muñoz __knowledge__ He was the son of General , a hero of the Mexican Revolution and highly decorated army officer, and the aristocratic Adriana Muñoz Turnbull.", "Carlos Gustavo Rosado Muñoz __knowledge__ He was the 4th child in a family of 8 children; five brothers and two sisters.", "Carlos Gustavo Rosado Muñoz __knowledge__ He had a son, Carlos Octavio Rosado and a grandson, Carlos Francisco Rosado.", "Carlos Gustavo Rosado Muñoz __knowledge__ At the time of his death he was married to Patricia Ellen Van Nest and they lived in Mineral del Chico, Hidalgo, Mexico.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken was a band from Melbourne, Australia, which formed in 1999 and disbanded in 2007.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were one of Australia's most well-known ska bands and one of the most popular Christian bands in the country.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were signed to Boomtown Records.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken's musical style included a blend of Ska, Hardcore, Reggae & Rock.The band placed a high emphasis on touring and were known for their \"high energy\" live performances.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken shared stages and toured with such bands, including Reel Big Fish, Mad Caddies, Crowned King, Hilltop Hoods, Kisschasy, Area-7, Gyroscope, Bodyjar, 28 Days, Killing Heidi, The O.C.", "Long Way 2 Go __knowledge__ \"Long Way 2 Go\" is a song by American recording artist Cassie from her debut studio album, \"Cassie\" (2006).", "Long Way 2 Go __knowledge__ It was co-written by Cassie herself in collaboration with the song's producer, Ryan Leslie.", "Long Way 2 Go __knowledge__ The song was released as the second and final single from the album by Bad Boy Records on September 22, 2006.", "Long Way 2 Go __knowledge__ Musically, \"Long Way 2 Go\" is an upbeat song featuring prominent R&B characteristics with a laid-back electronic feel and an imperious theme to it.", "Long Way 2 Go __knowledge__ It talks about brushing away a would-be lover like dirt off one's shoulder.", "Long Way 2 Go __knowledge__ Additional vocals are provided by Ryan Leslie.", "Long Way 2 Go __knowledge__ \"Long Way 2 Go\" received positive reviews from contemporary critics who deemed it a stand-out on the album.", "Alachnothorax __knowledge__ Alachnothorax bruchi is a species of beetle in the family Carabidae, the only species in the genus Alachnothorax.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Ughill Hall shootings __knowledge__ On 21 September 1986, Ian Wood shot and killed his mistress Danielle Ledez and her daughter Stephanie (aged 3) and severely injured Christopher (aged 5), Ledez's elder child, at Ughill Hall in Bradfield near Sheffield, United Kingdom.", "Ughill Hall shootings __knowledge__ Wood left his .38 Enfield revolver in the kitchen and called the police before fleeing the scene.", "Ughill Hall shootings __knowledge__ He went on the run for over a week, making several telephone calls to journalists and family members.", "Ughill Hall shootings __knowledge__ Eight days later he threatened to jump off the Amiens Cathedral in France but was talked down by the police after seven hours.", "Ughill Hall shootings __knowledge__ He was then extradited back to Sheffield for trial.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "Ughill __knowledge__ Ughill is a small rural hamlet within the City of Sheffield in Bradfield Parish in England.", "Ughill __knowledge__ It is 5 mi (8 km) west-northwest of the city centre.", "Ughill __knowledge__ It stands in a lofty position at 918 ft (280 m) above sea level, on a ridge between Bradfield Dale and the valley of the Ughill Brook.", "Ughill __knowledge__ It has traditionally been a farming community, but there was some mining in the area in the late 19th and 20th century.", "Ughill __knowledge__ Ughill Hall was the scene of an infamous murder in September 1986.", "Ughill __knowledge__ The hamlet falls within the Stannington ward of the City.", "Ughill __knowledge__ Ughill is thought to have been founded in the 10th century by a group of Norwegian Vikings with the name deriving from the Old Norse language as Uhgil meaning Uha's Valley or Uggagil meaning Uggi's Valley.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Domino’s Pizza, Inc. is an American pizza restaurant chain founded in 1960.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The corporation is headquartered at the Domino's Farms Office Park in Ann Arbor, Michigan.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ In 1960, Tom Monaghan and his brother, James, purchased DomiNick's, a small pizza store at 301 West Cross Street in Ypsilanti, Michigan, near Eastern Michigan University.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The deal was secured by a $500 down payment, and the brothers borrowed $900 to pay for the store.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The brothers planned to split the work hours evenly, but James did not want to quit his job as a full-time postman to keep up with the demands of the new business.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Within eight months, James traded his half of the business to Tom for the Volkswagen Beetle they used for pizza deliveries.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Korean cuisine has evolved through centuries of social and political change.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Originating from ancient agricultural and nomadic traditions in the Korean peninsula and southern Manchuria, Korean cuisine has evolved through a complex interaction of the natural environment and different cultural trends.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Korean cuisine is largely based on rice, vegetables, and meats.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Traditional Korean meals are noted for the number of side dishes (반찬; \"banchan\") that accompany steam-cooked short-grain rice.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Kimchi is served at nearly every meal.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Commonly used ingredients include sesame oil, \"doenjang\" (fermented bean paste), soy sauce, salt, garlic, ginger, pepper flakes, \"gochujang\" (fermented red chili paste) and napa cabbage.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Vietnamese cuisine __knowledge__ Vietnamese cuisine encompasses the foods and beverages of Vietnam, and features a combination of five fundamental tastes (Vietnamese: \"ngũ vị\") in the overall meal.", "Vietnamese cuisine __knowledge__ Each Vietnamese dish has a distinctive flavor which reflects one or more of these elements.", "Vietnamese cuisine __knowledge__ Common ingredients include fish sauce, shrimp paste, soy sauce, rice, fresh herbs, fruit and vegetables.", "Vietnamese cuisine __knowledge__ Vietnamese recipes use lemongrass, ginger, mint, Vietnamese mint, long coriander, Saigon cinnamon, bird's eye chili, lime, and Thai basil leaves.", "Vietnamese cuisine __knowledge__ Traditional Vietnamese cooking is greatly admired for its fresh ingredients, minimal use of dairy and oil, complementary textures, and reliance on herbs and vegetables.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ This is an index of characters and mecha in the anime and manga \"The King of Braves GaoGaiGar\" and \"The King of Braves GaoGaiGar FINAL\".", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ A brave man with tremendous courage and enthusiasm, and the strength to never give up for the sake of life—even at the possible cost of his own.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ Former astronaut and test pilot for the Space Development Corporation.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ In 2003, he had been in orbit testing an experimental space shuttle when an extraterrestrial object (later classified as EI-01) suddenly appeared in his flight path, smashing his shuttle out of the way.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ This left the shuttle disabled and Guy himself in a near-death state.", "Seafood pizza __knowledge__ Seafood pizza is pizza prepared with seafood as a primary ingredient.", "Seafood pizza __knowledge__ Many types of seafood ingredients in fresh, frozen or canned forms may be used on seafood pizza.", "Seafood pizza __knowledge__ Some retail pizza chains, as well as smaller restaurants, offer seafood pizzas to consumers.", "Seafood pizza __knowledge__ Various seafood can be used to prepare the dish, such as fish (including salmon, tuna, anchovy), shellfish, clams, scallops, mussels, shrimp, squid, lobster and scungilli (sea snail), among others.", "Seafood pizza __knowledge__ Imitation seafood may also be used.", "Seafood pizza __knowledge__ Fresh or frozen seafood may be used, and some versions use canned seafood, such as canned tuna.", "Seafood pizza __knowledge__ \"Frutti di Mare\" is an Italian type of pizza that may be served with scampi, mussels or squid.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Gaeta __knowledge__ Gaeta (; , Ancient Greek: Καιέτα) is a city and \"comune\" in the province of Latina, in Lazio, central Italy.", "Gaeta __knowledge__ Set on a promontory stretching towards the Gulf of Gaeta, it is from Rome and from Naples.", "Gaeta __knowledge__ The town has played a conspicuous part in military history: its fortifications date back to Roman times, and it has several traces of the period, including the 1st-century mausoleum of the Roman general Lucius Munatius Plancus at the top of the Monte Orlando.", "Gaeta __knowledge__ Gaeta's fortifications were extended and strengthened in the 15th century, especially throughout the history of the Kingdom of Naples (later the Two Sicilies).", "History of Islam in southern Italy __knowledge__ The history of Islam in southern Italy began with the first Muslim settlement in Sicily, at Mazara, which was captured in 827.", "History of Islam in southern Italy __knowledge__ The subsequent rule of Sicily and Malta started in the 10th century.", "History of Islam in southern Italy __knowledge__ Islamic rule over all Sicily began in 902, and the Emirate of Sicily lasted from 965 until 1061.", "History of Islam in southern Italy __knowledge__ Though Sicily was the primary Muslim stronghold in Italy, some temporary footholds, the most substantial of which was the port city of Bari (occupied from 847 until 871), were established on the mainland peninsula, with Muslim raids reaching as far north as Rome and Piedmont.", "History of Islam in southern Italy __knowledge__ The Muslim raids were part of a larger struggle for power in Italy and Europe, with Christian Byzantine, Frankish, Norman and local Italian forces also competing for control.", "Southern Italy __knowledge__ Southern Italy or Mezzogiorno (, literally \"midday\") is a macroregion of Italy traditionally encompassing the territories of the former Kingdom of the two Sicilies (all the southern section of the Italian Peninsula and Sicily), with the frequent addition of the island of Sardinia.", "Southern Italy __knowledge__ Southern Italy carries a unique legacy of culture.", "Southern Italy __knowledge__ It features many major tourist attractions, such as the Palace of Caserta, the Amalfi Coast, Pompeii and other archaeological sites (many of which are protected by UNESCO).", "Southern Italy __knowledge__ There are also many ancient Greek cities in Southern Italy, such as Sybaris and Paestum, which were founded several centuries before the start of the Roman Republic.", "Norman conquest of southern Italy __knowledge__ The Norman conquest of southern Italy spanned most of the 11th and 12th centuries, involving many battles and independent conquerors.", "Norman conquest of southern Italy __knowledge__ Only later were these territories in southern Italy united as the Kingdom of Sicily, which included the island of Sicily, the southern third of the Italian Peninsula (except Benevento, which was briefly held twice), the archipelago of Malta and parts of North Africa.", "Norman conquest of southern Italy __knowledge__ Itinerant Norman forces arrived in the Mezzogiorno as mercenaries in the service of Lombard and Byzantine factions, communicating news swiftly back home about opportunities in the Mediterranean.", "Norman conquest of southern Italy __knowledge__ These groups gathered in several places, establishing fiefdoms and states of their own, uniting and elevating their status to \"de facto\" independence within fifty years of their arrival.", "Royal Imtech N.V. __knowledge__ Royal Imtech N.V. was a European technical services provider in the fields of electrical solutions, ICT (information and communication technology) and mechanical solutions.", "Royal Imtech N.V. __knowledge__ Its residence is in Gouda, Netherlands.", "Royal Imtech N.V. __knowledge__ Imtech shares are listed on the NYSE Euronext Stock Exchange in Amsterdam, where Imtech is included in the AEX Index.", "Royal Imtech N.V. __knowledge__ Imtech shares are also included in the Dow Jones STOXX 600 index.", "Royal Imtech N.V. __knowledge__ With 29,000 employees, Imtech achieved annual revenue of more than 5.1 billion euros in 2012.", "Royal Imtech N.V. __knowledge__ Imtech holds positions in the building and industry markets in the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Austria, Poland, Sweden, Norway, Finland, the UK, Ireland, Romania, Russia, Turkey and Spain, the European markets of ICT and Traffic as well as in the global marine market.", "Italy in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ The history of the Italian peninsula during the medieval period can be roughly defined as the time between the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and the Italian Renaissance.", "Italy in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Late Antiquity in Italy lingered on into the 7th century under the Ostrogothic Kingdom and the Byzantine Empire under the Justinian dynasty, the Byzantine Papacy until the mid 8th century.", "Italy in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ The \"Middle Ages\" proper begin as the Byzantine Empire was weakening under the pressure of the Muslim conquests, and the Exarchate of Ravenna finally fell under Lombard rule in 751.", "Italy in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Lombard rule ended with the invasion of Charlemagne in 773, who established the Kingdom of Italy and the Papal States." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 4 ]

[ "i love traditional italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven aka pizza!", "of course, sometimes you can top them with vegetables, meats and condiments!", "it was first recorded in the 10th century, in the southern italy town of Gaeta in Lazio", "well the modern pizza was invented in Naples adn the dish has many variants that have become popular in many areas in the world" ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Baltimore Orioles\nI love the Baltimore Orioles and worked for the team for a while. I looked up to the players, especially Cal Ripkin!", "They are! DO you know when the team was created and established?", "That is amazing! I didn't realize the team was that old! Who owns the team?", "I imagine so! Has the team ever won the series?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Baltimore Orioles are an American professional baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member of the American League East division.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ As one of the AL's original eight charter franchises when the league was established in 1901, this particular franchise spent its first year as a major league club in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, as the Milwaukee Brewers before moving to St. Louis, Missouri to become the St. Louis Browns.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ After 52 often-beleaguered years in St. Louis, the franchise was purchased in November 1953 by a syndicate of Baltimore business and civic interests led by attorney/civic activist Clarence Miles and Mayor Thomas D'Alesandro, Jr.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The team's current majority owner is lawyer Peter Angelos.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles adopted their team name in honor of the official state bird of Maryland; it had also been used by several previous major and minor league baseball clubs in Baltimore, including the team that moved and was later renamed the New York Yankees.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ Nicknames for the team include the \"O's\" and the \"Birds\".", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles experienced their greatest success from 1966 to 1983, when they made six World Series appearances, winning three of them (1966, 1970, 1983).", "Cal Ripken Jr. __knowledge__ Calvin Edwin Ripken Jr. (born August 24, 1960), nicknamed \"The Iron Man\", is an American former baseball shortstop and third baseman who played 21 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Baltimore Orioles (1981–2001).", "Cal Ripken Jr. __knowledge__ One of his position's most offensively productive players, Ripken compiled 3,184 hits, 431 home runs, and 1,695 runs batted in during his career, and he won two Gold Glove Awards for his defense.", "Cal Ripken Jr. __knowledge__ He was a 19-time All-Star and was twice named American League (AL) Most Valuable Player (MVP).", "Cal Ripken Jr. __knowledge__ Ripken holds the record for consecutive games played, 2,632, surpassing Lou Gehrig's streak of 2,130 that had stood for 56 years and that many deemed unbreakable.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Baltimore Orioles (nicknamed The O's and The Birds) are a Major League Baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ They are in the Eastern Division of the American League.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ They are owned by attorney Peter Angelos.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The modern Orioles franchise can trace its roots back to the original Milwaukee Brewers of the minor Western League, beginning in 1894 when the league reorganized.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Brewers were there when the WL renamed itself the American League in 1900.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ At the end of the 1900 season, the American League removed itself from baseball's National Agreement (the formal understanding between the NL and the minor leagues).", "2017 Baltimore Orioles season __knowledge__ The 2017 Baltimore Orioles season was the 117th season in Baltimore Orioles franchise history, the 64th in Baltimore, and the 26th at Oriole Park at Camden Yards.", "2017 Baltimore Orioles season __knowledge__ They were attempting to match or improve on their 2016 record of 89–73, when they finished tied for 2nd place in the AL East and lost to the Toronto Blue Jays in the Wild Card Game, but failed with their 74th loss on September 12.", "2017 Baltimore Orioles season __knowledge__ They were eliminated from AL East contention with their September 18 loss to the Boston Red Sox, behind the division leading Red Sox.", "2017 Baltimore Orioles season __knowledge__ They were entirely eliminated from post season contentions on September 23, behind the Minnestoa Twins for the 2nd AL Wild Card spot.", "Baltimore Orioles minor league players __knowledge__ Below are the players and rosters of the minor league affiliates of the Baltimore Orioles: Keegan Lee Akin (born April 1, 1995) is an American professional baseball pitcher in the Baltimore Orioles organization.", "Baltimore Orioles minor league players __knowledge__ Akin attended Bullock Creek High School in Midland, Michigan and played college baseball at Western Michigan University.", "Baltimore Orioles minor league players __knowledge__ He was drafted by the Baltimore Orioles in the second round of the 2016 Major League Baseball Draft.", "Baltimore Orioles minor league players __knowledge__ Akin made his professional debut with the Aberdeen IronBirds and spent all of 2016 there, posting a 1.04 ERA in 26 innings.", "Baltimore Orioles minor league players __knowledge__ He spent 2017 with the Frederick Keys where he pitched to a 7-8 record and 4.14 ERA in 21 games started.", "Cal Ripken Sr. __knowledge__ Calvin Edwin Ripken Sr. (December 17, 1935 – March 25, 1999) was a coach and manager in Major League Baseball who spent 36 years in the Baltimore Orioles organization, also as a player and scout.", "Cal Ripken Sr. __knowledge__ He played in the Orioles' farm system beginning in 1957, and later served as manager of the parent club, on which his sons Cal Jr. and Billy played.", "Cal Ripken Sr. __knowledge__ Born near Aberdeen, Maryland, which he called home throughout his life, Ripken joined the Baltimore Orioles in 1957 as a minor league player.", "Cal Ripken Sr. __knowledge__ He would spend the next 36 years in the organization, mainly as a coach, with only one season and seven games coming as a manager.", "Baltimore __knowledge__ Baltimore (, ) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Maryland, and the 30th-most populous city in the United States.", "Baltimore __knowledge__ Baltimore was established by the Constitution of Maryland and is an independent city that is not part of any county.", "Baltimore __knowledge__ With a population of 617,734 in 2017, Baltimore is the largest independent city in the United States.", "Baltimore __knowledge__ As of 2016, the population of the Baltimore metropolitan area was estimated to be just under 2.8 million, making it the 21st largest metropolitan area in the country.", "Baltimore __knowledge__ Baltimore is located about 40 miles northeast of Washington, D.C., making it a principal city in the Washington-Baltimore combined statistical area (CSA), the fourth largest CSA in the nation with a calculated 2016 population of 9,665,892." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Baltimore Orioles are an American professional baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member of the American League East division.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ As one of the AL's original eight charter franchises when the league was established in 1901, this particular franchise spent its first year as a major league club in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, as the Milwaukee Brewers before moving to St. Louis, Missouri to become the St. Louis Browns.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ After 52 often-beleaguered years in St. Louis, the franchise was purchased in November 1953 by a syndicate of Baltimore business and civic interests led by attorney/civic activist Clarence Miles and Mayor Thomas D'Alesandro, Jr.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The team's current majority owner is lawyer Peter Angelos.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles adopted their team name in honor of the official state bird of Maryland; it had also been used by several previous major and minor league baseball clubs in Baltimore, including the team that moved and was later renamed the New York Yankees.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ Nicknames for the team include the \"O's\" and the \"Birds\".", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles experienced their greatest success from 1966 to 1983, when they made six World Series appearances, winning three of them (1966, 1970, 1983).", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Bereshit, Bereishit, Bereishis, B'reshith, Beresheet, or Bereishees ( – Hebrew for \"in the beginning,\" the first word in the parashah) is the first weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ The parashah consists of In the parashah, God creates the world, and Adam and Eve.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ They eat fruit that God had forbidden them, and God expels them from the Garden of Eden.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ One of their sons, Cain, becomes the first murderer, killing his brother Abel out of jealousy.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Adam, Eve, and Cain are cast out of paradise to East of Eden.", "Bereshit (parsha) __knowledge__ Adam and Eve have other children, whose descendants populate the Earth, but each generation becomes more and more degenerate until God, despairing, decides to destroy humanity.", "Know Nothing __knowledge__ The Native American Party, renamed the American Party in 1855 and commonly known as the \"Know Nothing\" movement, was an American nativist political party that operated nationally in the mid-1850s.", "Know Nothing __knowledge__ It was primarily anti-Catholic and hostile to immigration, starting originally as a secret society.", "Know Nothing __knowledge__ The movement briefly emerged as a major political party in the form of the American Party.", "Know Nothing __knowledge__ Adherents to the movement were to reply \"I know nothing\" when asked about its specifics by outsiders, thus providing the group with its common appellation.", "Know Nothing __knowledge__ The \"Know Nothings\" believed a \"Romanist\" conspiracy was afoot to subvert civil and religious liberty in America and sought to politically organize native-born Protestants in the defense of traditional religious and political values.", "Muʿtazila __knowledge__ Muʿtazila ( \"\") is a school of Islamic theology that flourished in the cities of Basra and Baghdad, both now in Iraq, during the 8th to the 10th centuries.", "Muʿtazila __knowledge__ The adherents of the Mutazili school, known as Muʿtazilites, are best known for denying the status of the Qur'an as uncreated and co-eternal with God, asserting that if the Quran is the word of God, he logically \"must have preceded his own speech\".", "Muʿtazila __knowledge__ The philosophical speculation of the Muʿtazilites centred on the concepts of divine justice and divine unity.", "Muʿtazila __knowledge__ The school worked to resolve the theological \"problem of evil\": how to reconcile the justice of an all-powerful God with the reality of evil in the world.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Baltimore __knowledge__ Baltimore (, ) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Maryland, and the 30th-most populous city in the United States.", "Baltimore __knowledge__ Baltimore was established by the Constitution of Maryland and is an independent city that is not part of any county.", "Baltimore __knowledge__ With a population of 617,734 in 2017, Baltimore is the largest independent city in the United States.", "Baltimore __knowledge__ As of 2016, the population of the Baltimore metropolitan area was estimated to be just under 2.8 million, making it the 21st largest metropolitan area in the country.", "Baltimore __knowledge__ Baltimore is located about 40 miles northeast of Washington, D.C., making it a principal city in the Washington-Baltimore combined statistical area (CSA), the fourth largest CSA in the nation with a calculated 2016 population of 9,665,892.", "Maryland __knowledge__ Maryland () is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia, and Washington, D.C. to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware to its east.", "Maryland __knowledge__ The state's largest city is Baltimore, and its capital is Annapolis.", "Maryland __knowledge__ Among its occasional nicknames are \"Old Line State\", the \"Free State\", and the \"Chesapeake Bay State\".", "Maryland __knowledge__ The state is named after the English queen Henrietta Maria of France.", "Maryland __knowledge__ One of the original Thirteen Colonies, Maryland is considered to be the birthplace of religious freedom in America, when it was formed by George Calvert in the early 17th century as an intended refuge for persecuted Catholics from England.", "Baltimore Convention Center __knowledge__ The Baltimore Convention Center is a convention and exhibition hall located in downtown Baltimore, Maryland.", "Baltimore Convention Center __knowledge__ The Center is a municipal building owned and operated by the City of Baltimore.", "Baltimore Convention Center __knowledge__ The facility was constructed in two separate phases: the original Center, with of exhibition and meeting space, opened in August 1979 at a cost of $51.4 million.", "Baltimore Convention Center __knowledge__ A $151 million expansion, which increased the Center's total size to , was completed in April 1997.", "Baltimore Convention Center __knowledge__ The 752-room, city-owned Hilton Baltimore hotel opened in August 2008, connected to the convention center by an enclosed skywalk bridge.", "Baltimore Convention Center __knowledge__ Another expansion to the Baltimore Convention Center has been proposed at an estimated cost of $400 million that includes a new 500 room hotel and an 18,500 seat arena; this project is estimated to cost $900 million, this proposal is no longer active and considered dead.", "History of Maryland __knowledge__ The recorded history of Maryland dates back to when Europeans began exploring the area, starting with the Italian/Venetian John Cabot (c. 1450 – c. 1500), exploring the coast of the continent of North America for England in 1498.", "History of Maryland __knowledge__ The first European settlements were made in 1634, when the English arrived in significant numbers and created a permanent colony.", "History of Maryland __knowledge__ Maryland was notable for having been established with religious freedom for Roman Catholics.", "History of Maryland __knowledge__ Like other colonies of the Chesapeake Bay, its economy was based on tobacco as a commodity crop, cultivated primarily by African slave labor, although many young people came from Britain as indentured servants in the early years.", "Ethnic groups in Baltimore __knowledge__ There have been various ethnic groups in Baltimore, Maryland and its surrounding area since it was founded as a British colony in 1661.", "Ethnic groups in Baltimore __knowledge__ Native Americans lived in the Baltimore territory for millennia before European colonization, and some still reside in the city.", "Ethnic groups in Baltimore __knowledge__ Since the first English settlers arrived, substantial immigration from all over Europe, migration of African-Americans from the Deep South, out-migration of White Southerners from Appalachia, and new waves of more recent immigrants from Latin America, the Caribbean, Asia and Africa have added layers of complexity to the workforce and culture of Baltimore, as well as the religious and ethnic fabric of the city.", "A History of the Adjutants General of Maryland __knowledge__ The Adjutant General of Maryland is the head military official of the Maryland National Guard, the Maryland Defense Force, and any other military or paramilitary units that may be maintained by the State of Maryland.", "A History of the Adjutants General of Maryland __knowledge__ The adjutant general is responsible for the military department's budget and maintains all State-owned armories in Maryland.", "A History of the Adjutants General of Maryland __knowledge__ Maryland Governor Thomas Sim Lee provided for the office of an adjutant general of the State Militia in \"an Act to regulate and discipline the militia of this State,\" in compliance with the Act of Congress of 1792, entitled, \"An Act more effectually to provide for the national defence, by establishing a uniform militia throughout the United States.\"", "History of Baltimore __knowledge__ This article describes the history of the Baltimore and its surrounding area in central Maryland since its settlement in 1661 by English settlers.", "History of Baltimore __knowledge__ The Baltimore area had been inhabited by Native Americans since at least the 10th millennium BC, when Paleo-Indians first settled in the region.", "History of Baltimore __knowledge__ One Paleo-Indian site and several Archaic period and Woodland period archaeological sites have been identified in Baltimore, including four from the Late Woodland period.", "History of Baltimore __knowledge__ During the Late Woodland period, the archaeological culture known as the \"Potomac Creek complex\" resided in an area from Baltimore to the Rappahannock River in Virginia, primarily along the Potomac River downstream from the Fall Line." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Baltimore Orioles are an American professional baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member of the American League East division.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ As one of the AL's original eight charter franchises when the league was established in 1901, this particular franchise spent its first year as a major league club in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, as the Milwaukee Brewers before moving to St. Louis, Missouri to become the St. Louis Browns.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ After 52 often-beleaguered years in St. Louis, the franchise was purchased in November 1953 by a syndicate of Baltimore business and civic interests led by attorney/civic activist Clarence Miles and Mayor Thomas D'Alesandro, Jr.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The team's current majority owner is lawyer Peter Angelos.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles adopted their team name in honor of the official state bird of Maryland; it had also been used by several previous major and minor league baseball clubs in Baltimore, including the team that moved and was later renamed the New York Yankees.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ Nicknames for the team include the \"O's\" and the \"Birds\".", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles experienced their greatest success from 1966 to 1983, when they made six World Series appearances, winning three of them (1966, 1970, 1983).", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ Mary Jane \"M.J.\" Watson is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ Created by Stan Lee and John Romita, Sr.", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ The character made her first appearance in The Amazing Spider-Man #25.", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ Since then she has gone on to become Peter Parker’s main love interest and later his wife.", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ The character has been portrayed by Kirsten Dunst in the three \"Spider-Man\" feature films directed by Sam Raimi (2002–2007) and by Shailene Woodley in deleted scenes of the 2014 film \"The Amazing Spider-Man 2\".", "Mary Jane Watson __knowledge__ Mary Jane Watson, is first mentioned in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #15 (August 1964), and is initially used as a running joke of the series, as Peter Parker's Aunt May repeatedly attempts to set her unwilling nephew up on a date with her.", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The Amazing Race is an American reality competition show in which typically eleven teams of two race around the world.", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The race is generally split into twelve legs, with each leg requiring teams to deduce clues, navigate themselves in foreign areas, interact with locals, perform physical and mental challenges, and vie for airplane, boat, taxi, and other public transportation options on a limited budget provided by the show.", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Teams are progressively eliminated at the end of most legs, while the first team to arrive at the end of the final leg wins the grand prize of .", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ As the original version of the \"Amazing Race\" franchise, the CBS program has been running since 2001.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends\" characters.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ Peter Parker (Spider-Man), Bobby Drake (Iceman), and Angelica Jones (Firestar) are all college students at Empire State University.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ After working together to defeat the Beetle and recovering the \"Power Booster\" he stole from Tony Stark (a.k.a.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ Iron Man, who rewards them with the advanced computer systems seen in several episodes and the opening titles) the trio decide to team-up permanently as the \"Spider-Friends\".", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ They live together in Peter's Aunt May's home with her and a pet dog, Ms.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ Lion, a Lhasa Apso, who often acts as comic relief.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ The fictional Marvel Comics superhero Spider-Man, who debuted in 1962, is well known for his unique superhuman abilities as depicted in the comics and other media.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He receives most of his powers when he is bitten by a radioactive common house spider.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He uses his technical skill to develop equipment and weapons to complement his powers, and wears a number of costumes, many of which have special properties.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ When Peter Parker was bitten by an irradiated spider, radioactive mutagenic enzymes in the spider's venom quickly caused numerous body-wide changes.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ Immediately after the bite, he was granted his original powers: primarily superhuman strength, reflexes, and balance; the ability to cling tenaciously to most surfaces; and a subconscious ability to sense everything in his surroundings, which he called a \"spider-sense\".", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ The Amazing Race is a reality television game show in which teams of two people race around the world in competition with other teams.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ Contestants strive to arrive first at \"Pit Stops\" at the end of each leg of the race to win prizes and to avoid coming in last, which carries the possibility of elimination or a significant disadvantage in the following leg.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ Contestants travel to and within multiple countries in a variety of transportation modes, including airplanes, hot air balloons, helicopters, trucks, bicycles, taxicabs, cars, trains, buses, boats, and by foot.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ Clues provided in each leg lead the teams to the next destination or direct them to perform a task, either together or by a single member.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Amazing Stories is an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Science fiction stories had made regular appearances in other magazines, including some published by Gernsback, but \"Amazing\" helped define and launch a new genre of pulp fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ \"Amazing\" was published, with some interruptions, for almost eighty years, going through a half-dozen owners and many editors as it struggled to be profitable.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Gernsback was forced into bankruptcy and lost control of the magazine in 1929, and by 1938 it was purchased by Ziff-Davis, who hired Raymond A. Palmer as editor.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "National League __knowledge__ The National League of Professional Baseball Clubs, known simply as the National League (NL), is the older of two leagues constituting Major League Baseball (MLB) in the United States and Canada, and the world's oldest current professional team sports league.", "National League __knowledge__ Founded on February 2, 1876, to replace the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players, it is sometimes called the Senior Circuit, in contrast to MLB's other league, the American League, which was founded 25 years later.", "National League __knowledge__ Both leagues currently have 15 teams.", "National League __knowledge__ The two league champions of 1903 arranged to compete against each other in the inaugural World Series.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, has been home to many teams and events in professional, semi-professional, amateur, college, and high-school sports.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Sports are a huge part of the culture of the city and the Greater Philadelphia area.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia sports fans are considered to be some of the most knowledgeable fans in sports, and are known for their extreme passion for all of their teams.", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia fans are also known for their reputation of being the \"Meanest Fans in America\".", "Sports in Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia is one of twelve cities that hosts teams in all four major sports leagues in North America, and Philadelphia is one of just three cities in which one team from every league plays within city limits.", "Cleveland Indians __knowledge__ The Cleveland Indians are an American professional baseball team based in Cleveland, Ohio.", "Cleveland Indians __knowledge__ The Indians compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) Central division.", "Cleveland Indians __knowledge__ Since , they have played at Progressive Field.", "Cleveland Indians __knowledge__ The team's spring training facility is at Goodyear Ballpark in Goodyear, Arizona.", "Cleveland Indians __knowledge__ Since their establishment as a major league franchise in 1901, the Indians have won two World Series championships: in 1920 and 1948, along with nine Central Division titles and six American League pennants.", "Cleveland Indians __knowledge__ The Indians' current World Series championship drought is the longest active drought.", "Detroit Tigers __knowledge__ The Detroit Tigers are an American professional baseball team based in Detroit, Michigan.", "Detroit Tigers __knowledge__ The Tigers compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) Central division.", "Detroit Tigers __knowledge__ One of the AL's eight charter franchises, the club was founded in Detroit in .", "Detroit Tigers __knowledge__ They are the oldest continuous one-name, one-city franchise in the AL.", "Detroit Tigers __knowledge__ The Tigers have won four World Series championships (, , , and ), 11 AL pennants (1907, 1908, 1909, 1934, 1935, 1940, 1945, 1968, 1984, 2006, 2012), and four AL Central division championships (2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014).", "Detroit Tigers __knowledge__ The Tigers also won division titles in 1972, 1984 and 1987 while members of the AL East.", "2009 NFL season __knowledge__ The 2009 NFL season was the 90th season in the history of the National Football League (NFL).", "2009 NFL season __knowledge__ The preseason started with the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game on August 9, 2009, and the regular season began September 10.", "2009 NFL season __knowledge__ The season ended with Super Bowl XLIV, the league's championship game, on February 7, 2010 at Sun Life Stadium with the New Orleans Saints defeating the Indianapolis Colts 31–17.", "2009 NFL season __knowledge__ in Miami Gardens, Florida.The Colts and Saints began the season 14-0 and 13-0 respectively.", "2009 NFL season __knowledge__ This was the first time in NFL history two teams won their first 13 games or more.", "2009 NFL season __knowledge__ The 2009 NFL Draft was held at Radio City Music Hall in New York City on April 25 and 26, 2009.", "History of the Cleveland Indians __knowledge__ The Cleveland Indians are a professional baseball team based in Cleveland, Ohio.", "History of the Cleveland Indians __knowledge__ They are in the Central Division of Major League Baseball's American League.", "History of the Cleveland Indians __knowledge__ Since 1994, they have played in Progressive Field.", "History of the Cleveland Indians __knowledge__ The Cleveland team originated in 1900 as the Lake Shores, when the American League (AL) was officially a minor league.", "History of the Cleveland Indians __knowledge__ One of the AL's eight charter franchises, the major league incarnation of the club was founded in Cleveland in 1901.", "History of the Cleveland Indians __knowledge__ The Grand Rapids Rustlers was founded in Michigan in 1894 and were in the Western League.", "History of the Cleveland Indians __knowledge__ In 1900 the team moved to Cleveland and was named The Cleveland Lake Shores." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Baltimore Orioles are an American professional baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member of the American League East division.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ As one of the AL's original eight charter franchises when the league was established in 1901, this particular franchise spent its first year as a major league club in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, as the Milwaukee Brewers before moving to St. Louis, Missouri to become the St. Louis Browns.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ After 52 often-beleaguered years in St. Louis, the franchise was purchased in November 1953 by a syndicate of Baltimore business and civic interests led by attorney/civic activist Clarence Miles and Mayor Thomas D'Alesandro, Jr.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The team's current majority owner is lawyer Peter Angelos.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles adopted their team name in honor of the official state bird of Maryland; it had also been used by several previous major and minor league baseball clubs in Baltimore, including the team that moved and was later renamed the New York Yankees.", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ Nicknames for the team include the \"O's\" and the \"Birds\".", "Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Orioles experienced their greatest success from 1966 to 1983, when they made six World Series appearances, winning three of them (1966, 1970, 1983).", "Imagine (John Lennon song) __knowledge__ \"Imagine\" is a song written and performed by English musician John Lennon.", "Imagine (John Lennon song) __knowledge__ The best-selling single of his solo career, its lyrics encourage the listener to imagine a world at peace without the barriers of borders or the divisions of religion and nationality and to consider the possibility that the whole of humanity would live unattached to material possessions.", "Imagine (John Lennon song) __knowledge__ Lennon and Yoko Ono co-produced the song and album of the same name with Phil Spector.", "Imagine (John Lennon song) __knowledge__ Recording began at Lennon's home studio at Tittenhurst Park, England, in May 1971, with final overdubs taking place at the Record Plant, in New York City, during July.", "Philadelphia Eagles __knowledge__ The Philadelphia Eagles are a professional American football franchise based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "Philadelphia Eagles __knowledge__ The Eagles compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) East division.", "Philadelphia Eagles __knowledge__ The franchise was established in 1933 as a replacement for the bankrupt Frankford Yellow Jackets, when a group led by Bert Bell secured the rights to an NFL franchise in Philadelphia.", "Philadelphia Eagles __knowledge__ Bell, Chuck Bednarik, Bob Brown, Reggie White, Steve Van Buren, Tommy McDonald, Greasy Neale, Pete Pihos, Sonny Jurgensen, and Norm Van Brocklin have been inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame.", "David Campese __knowledge__ David Ian Campese, AM (born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and held the world record for the most tries in test matches (64) until Daisuke Ohata scored his 65th try playing for Japan on 14 May 2006.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese made his debut for the Wallabies on the 1982 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, during which he scored a try in his first two Tests.", "David Campese __knowledge__ In 1983, he equaled the then record for most tries in a Test match for Australia against the USA, scoring four tries.", "David Campese __knowledge__ He was a member of the Eighth Wallabies for the 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland that won rugby union's \"grand slam\", the first Australian side to defeat all four home nations, England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland, on a tour.", "United States men's national basketball team __knowledge__ The USA Basketball Men's Senior National Team, commonly known as the United States Men's National Basketball Team, is the most successful team in international competition, winning medals in all eighteen Olympic tournaments it has entered, coming away with fifteen golds.", "United States men's national basketball team __knowledge__ Two of its gold medal-winning teams were inducted to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in August 2010 – the 1960 team, which featured six Hall of Famers (4 players, 2 coaches), and the 1992 \"Dream Team\", featuring 14 Hall of Famers (11 players, 3 coaches).", "United States men's national basketball team __knowledge__ The United States is currently ranked first in the FIBA World Rankings.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The Yankees–Red Sox rivalry is a Major League Baseball (MLB) rivalry between the New York Yankees and Boston Red Sox.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The two teams have competed in MLB's American League (AL) for over 100 seasons and have since developed one of the fiercest rivalries in American sports.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ In 1919, Red Sox owner Harry Frazee sold star player Babe Ruth to the Yankees, which was followed by an 86-year period in which the Red Sox did not win a World Series.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ This led to the popularization of a superstition known as the \"Curse of the Bambino\", which was one of the most well-known aspects of the rivalry.", "Yankees–Red Sox rivalry __knowledge__ The rivalry is often a heated subject of conversation, especially in the home region of both teams, the Northeastern United States.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ Imagine Dragons is an American rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada, consisting of lead vocalist Dan Reynolds, lead guitarist Wayne Sermon, bassist and keyboardist Ben McKee, and drummer Daniel Platzman.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ The band first gained exposure with the release of single \"It's Time\", followed by their award-winning debut studio album \"Night Visions\" (2012), which resulted in the chart topping singles \"Radioactive\" and \"Demons\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Billboard\" placed them at the top of their \"Year In Rock\" rankings for 2013 and 2017 and named them their \"Breakthrough Band of 2013\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ and \"Biggest Band of 2017.\"", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" named their single \"Radioactive\", which holds the record for most weeks on the Hot 100, from \"Night Visions\" the \"biggest rock hit of the year\", and MTV called them \"the year's biggest breakout band\".", "History of baseball team nicknames __knowledge__ This is a summary of the evolution of nicknames of the current Major League Baseball teams, and also of selected former major and minor league teams whose nicknames were influential, long-lasting, or both.", "History of baseball team nicknames __knowledge__ The sources of the nicknames included club names, team colors, and city symbols.", "History of baseball team nicknames __knowledge__ The nicknames have sometimes been dubbed by the media, other times through conscious marketing by the team, or sometimes a little of both.", "History of baseball team nicknames __knowledge__ \"See also Team names and colors\" Athletic teams have long used colors and nicknames as a form of team identity.This echoes the use of colors and nicknames in other activities such as heraldry, the military, and the flags of nations.", "Peter Angelos __knowledge__ Peter G. Angelos (born July 4, 1929) is an American trial lawyer.", "Peter Angelos __knowledge__ Angelos is also the majority owner of the Baltimore Orioles, a baseball team in the American League East Division.", "Peter Angelos __knowledge__ Angelos is the son of John (a bar owner) and Frances Angelos, who immigrated to the United States from Menetes, Karpathos, Greece.", "Peter Angelos __knowledge__ Peter Angelos married Georgia Kousouris in 1966, and they had two children together, John and Louis.", "Peter Angelos __knowledge__ Angelos' family settled in the working-class neighborhood of Highlandtown, and lived in a row house.", "Peter Angelos __knowledge__ Angelos' father owned a local tavern, and his father mostly spoke Greek at home.", "Peter Angelos __knowledge__ After graduating from Patterson Park High School, Angelos attended the University of Baltimore, where he earned a bachelor's degree.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Baltimore Orioles (nicknamed The O's and The Birds) are a Major League Baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ They are in the Eastern Division of the American League.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ They are owned by attorney Peter Angelos.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The modern Orioles franchise can trace its roots back to the original Milwaukee Brewers of the minor Western League, beginning in 1894 when the league reorganized.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ The Brewers were there when the WL renamed itself the American League in 1900.", "History of the Baltimore Orioles __knowledge__ At the end of the 1900 season, the American League removed itself from baseball's National Agreement (the formal understanding between the NL and the minor leagues).", "John P. Angelos __knowledge__ John P. Angelos is the Executive Vice President of the Baltimore Orioles, a position he has held since April 1999, leading the club's front office and overseeing day-to-day business operations.", "John P. Angelos __knowledge__ He also serves as President and Chief Operating Officer of the Mid-Atlantic Sports Network (MASN), overseeing the network's business operations.", "John P. Angelos __knowledge__ Angelos is the elder son of Baltimore Orioles owner Peter Angelos.", "John P. Angelos __knowledge__ Angelos is a graduate of Duke University and received his J.D.", "John P. Angelos __knowledge__ from the University of Baltimore School of Law.", "John P. Angelos __knowledge__ For more than fifteen years, Angelos has managed the day-to-day business operations of the Baltimore Orioles overseeing marketing and advertising, branding and promotion, major corporate sponsorship sales and ticket sales, governmental and public affairs, media and public relations, ballpark facility design and management, event operations, concessions rights negotiation and self-operation.", "1999 Baltimore Orioles – Cuban national baseball team exhibition series __knowledge__ The 1999 Baltimore Orioles – Cuban national baseball team exhibition series consisted of two exhibition games played between the Baltimore Orioles of Major League Baseball (MLB) and the Cuban national baseball team on March 28 and May 3, 1999.", "1999 Baltimore Orioles – Cuban national baseball team exhibition series __knowledge__ The first game took place in Havana, while the second was held in Baltimore.", "1999 Baltimore Orioles – Cuban national baseball team exhibition series __knowledge__ This series marked the first time that the Cuban national team had faced a squad composed solely of major league players and the first time an MLB team played in Cuba since 1959.", "1999 Baltimore Orioles – Cuban national baseball team exhibition series __knowledge__ Fidel Castro overthrew American ally Fulgencio Batista in the Cuban Revolution and established a Communist government in 1959, breaking off diplomatic relations with the United States.", "Nestor Aparicio __knowledge__ Nestor Aparicio (Born October 14, 1968), known by the nickname \"Nasty Nestor,\" is an American sports writer and radio personality.", "Nestor Aparicio __knowledge__ Aparicio was born and raised in Dundalk, Maryland.", "Nestor Aparicio __knowledge__ He is Venezuelan-American, and the first cousin, once removed of former Major League Baseball shortstop Luis Aparicio, as his father is a first cousin of Luis Aparicio.", "Nestor Aparicio __knowledge__ He began as a sports writer at The Evening Sun edition of \"The Baltimore Sun\" where he continued as a sportswriter and music critic from 1986 until 1992.", "Nestor Aparicio __knowledge__ Starting in 1992 at WITH-AM 1230, Aparicio began doing daily sports talk radio both in Baltimore and later for three years at Sporting News Radio in national-syndication with 425 cities across the USA.", "History of the Washington Nationals __knowledge__ The Montreal Expos joined the National League in 1969, along with the San Diego Padres, with a majority share held by Charles Bronfman, a major shareholder in Seagram.", "History of the Washington Nationals __knowledge__ Named after the Expo 67 World's Fair, the Expos' initial home was Jarry Park.", "History of the Washington Nationals __knowledge__ Managed by Gene Mauch, the team lost 110 games in their first season, coincidentally matching the Padres inaugural win-loss record, and continued to struggle during their first decade with sub-.500 seasons.", "History of the Washington Nationals __knowledge__ Starting in 1977, the team's home venue was Montreal's Olympic Stadium, built for the 1976 Summer Olympics.", "History of the Washington Nationals __knowledge__ Two years later, the team won a franchise-high 95 games, finishing second in the National League East." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 5, 8 ]

[ "They are based in Baltimore, Maryland aren't they? I have heard of them!", "As one of the AL's original eight charter franchises, they were established in 1901!", "The team's owner is lawyer Peter Angelos. He loves going to watch them!", "They have made six World Series appearances, winning three of them!" ]

[ "Baltimore Orioles", "Baltimore Orioles", "Baltimore Orioles", "Baltimore Orioles" ]

[ "Allergy", "I agree and have always been confused as to how they happen. What causes allergies?", "Whats the most common thing that causes allergies?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Allergy __knowledge__ Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to something in the environment that usually causes little or no problem in most people.", "Allergy __knowledge__ These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Common allergens include pollen and certain food.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Metals and other substances may also cause problems.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Their development is due to both genetic and environmental factors.", "Allergy __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE), part of the body's immune system, binding to an allergen and then to a receptor on mast cells or basophils where it triggers the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically based on a person's medical history.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Further testing of the skin or blood may be useful in certain cases.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Positive tests, however, may not mean there is a significant allergy to the substance in question." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Allergy __knowledge__ Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to something in the environment that usually causes little or no problem in most people.", "Allergy __knowledge__ These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Common allergens include pollen and certain food.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Metals and other substances may also cause problems.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Their development is due to both genetic and environmental factors.", "Allergy __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE), part of the body's immune system, binding to an allergen and then to a receptor on mast cells or basophils where it triggers the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically based on a person's medical history.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Further testing of the skin or blood may be useful in certain cases.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Positive tests, however, may not mean there is a significant allergy to the substance in question.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food intolerance is a detrimental reaction, often delayed, to a food, beverage, food additive, or compound found in foods that produces symptoms in one or more body organs and systems, but generally refers to reactions other than food allergy.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food hypersensitivity is used to refer broadly to both food intolerances and food allergies.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food allergies are immune reactions, typically an IgE reaction caused by the release of histamine but also encompassing non-IgE immune responses.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ This mechanism causes allergies to typically give immediate reaction (a few minutes to a few hours) to foods.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food intolerances can be classified according to their mechanism.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ A food allergy is an abnormal immune response to food.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The signs and symptoms may range from mild to severe.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ They may include itchiness, swelling of the tongue, vomiting, diarrhea, hives, trouble breathing, or low blood pressure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ This typically occurs within minutes to several hours of exposure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ When the symptoms are severe, it is known as anaphylaxis.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerance and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Common foods involved include cow's milk, peanuts, eggs, shellfish, fish, tree nuts, soy, wheat, rice, and fruit.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The common allergies vary depending on the country.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Risk factors include a family history of allergies, vitamin D deficiency, obesity, and high levels of cleanliness.", "Allergen __knowledge__ An allergen is a type of antigen that produces an abnormally vigorous immune response in which the immune system fights off a perceived threat that would otherwise be harmless to the body.", "Allergen __knowledge__ Such reactions are called allergies.", "Allergen __knowledge__ In technical terms, an allergen is an antigen capable of stimulating a type-I hypersensitivity reaction in atopic individuals through Immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses.", "Allergen __knowledge__ Most humans mount significant Immunoglobulin E responses only as a defense against parasitic infections.", "Allergen __knowledge__ However, some individuals may respond to many common environmental antigens.", "Allergen __knowledge__ This hereditary predisposition is called atopy.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Peanut allergy is a type of food allergy to peanuts.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is different from nut allergies.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Physical symptoms of allergic reaction can include itchiness, urticaria, swelling, eczema, sneezing, asthma, abdominal pain, drop in blood pressure, diarrhea, and cardiac arrest.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Anaphylaxis may occur.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is due to a type I hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system in susceptible individuals.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ The allergy is recognized \"as one of the most severe food allergies due to its prevalence, persistency, and potential severity of allergic reaction.\"", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Prevention may be partly achieved through early introduction of peanuts to the diets of pregnant women and babies.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ There is a wide variety of allergies that dogs can suffer from.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ While they typically become visible through skin conditions, there are a number of other symptoms and warning signs to look for.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ Dog allergies can happen just like in their human companions.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ These allergies usually manifest themselves as skin conditions.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ What this will do is provoke the immune system of the dog to overreact in the form of a number of different symptoms, most notably a skin irritation.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ Unfortunately, allergies are becoming more common every day just as they are with humans.", "Allergies in dogs __knowledge__ Skin irritation from allergies is fairly easy to identify.", "Erika Jensen-Jarolim __knowledge__ Erika Jensen-Jarolim is an Austrian physician and medical researcher in immunology and allergies.", "Erika Jensen-Jarolim __knowledge__ She was formerly head of the Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research at the Medical University of Vienna, and since 2011 has held the joint professorship in Comparative Medicine at the Medical University and the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, part of the inter-university Messerli Research Institute.", "Erika Jensen-Jarolim __knowledge__ Jensen-Jarolim earned her degree in human medicine in 1985 in Vienna, and since then has specialised in allergology and immunology.", "Erika Jensen-Jarolim __knowledge__ After her habilitation she founded an independent research group in 1999, completed her medical specialisation in immunology in 2000, and in 2007 became professor of pathophysiology.", "Omalizumab __knowledge__ Omalizumab, sold under the trade name Xolair, is a medication originally designed to reduce sensitivity to allergens.", "Omalizumab __knowledge__ It has been used to try to control severe allergic asthma, which does not respond to high doses of corticosteroids.", "Omalizumab __knowledge__ It has been approved for treating people 12 years and older with severe or moderate to severe allergic asthma in more than 90 countries, since its first of such approval in 2002 in Australia.", "Omalizumab __knowledge__ Omalizumab was approved in March 2014 in the European Union and the U.S.A. and in about 10 other countries for treating patients 12 years and above with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) (also referred to as chronic idiopathic urticaria or CIU), which cannot be treated with H1-antihistamines.", "Hygiene hypothesis __knowledge__ In medicine, the hygiene hypothesis is a hypothesis that states a lack of early childhood exposure to infectious agents, symbiotic microorganisms (such as the gut flora or probiotics), and parasites increases susceptibility to allergic diseases by suppressing the natural development of the immune system.", "Hygiene hypothesis __knowledge__ In particular, the lack of exposure is thought to lead to defects in the establishment of immune tolerance.", "Hygiene hypothesis __knowledge__ The hygiene hypothesis has also been called the \"biome depletion theory\" and the \"lost friends theory\".", "Hygiene hypothesis __knowledge__ The original formulation of the hygiene hypothesis dates from 1989 when David Strachan proposed that lower incidence of infection in early childhood could be an explanation for the rapid 20th century rise in allergic diseases such as asthma and hay fever.", "Allergic conjunctivitis __knowledge__ Allergic conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva (the membrane covering the white part of the eye) due to allergy.", "Allergic conjunctivitis __knowledge__ Although allergens differ among patients, the most common cause is hay fever.", "Allergic conjunctivitis __knowledge__ Symptoms consist of redness (mainly due to vasodilation of the peripheral small blood vessels), edema (swelling) of the conjunctiva, itching, and increased lacrimation (production of tears).", "Allergic conjunctivitis __knowledge__ If this is combined with rhinitis, the condition is termed allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.", "Allergic conjunctivitis __knowledge__ The symptoms are due to release of histamine and other active substances by mast cells, which stimulate dilation of blood vessels, irritate nerve endings, and increase secretion of tears.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Milk allergy is an adverse immune reaction to one or more of the protein constituents of cow's milk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms can be rapid or gradual in onset.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The former may include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with epinephrine.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The latter can take hours to days to appear.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Presentations may include atopic dermatitis, inflammation of the esophagus, enteropathy involving the small intestine and proctocolitis involving the rectum and colon.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Management is by avoiding eating any food that contains dairy.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Exposure to low levels of milk proteins is a health risk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ In people with IgE-mediated food allergy the individual threshold dose capable of provoking an allergic reaction can vary widely, but is in a low milligram range." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Allergy __knowledge__ Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to something in the environment that usually causes little or no problem in most people.", "Allergy __knowledge__ These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Common allergens include pollen and certain food.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Metals and other substances may also cause problems.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Their development is due to both genetic and environmental factors.", "Allergy __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE), part of the body's immune system, binding to an allergen and then to a receptor on mast cells or basophils where it triggers the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically based on a person's medical history.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Further testing of the skin or blood may be useful in certain cases.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Positive tests, however, may not mean there is a significant allergy to the substance in question.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ A food allergy is an abnormal immune response to food.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The signs and symptoms may range from mild to severe.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ They may include itchiness, swelling of the tongue, vomiting, diarrhea, hives, trouble breathing, or low blood pressure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ This typically occurs within minutes to several hours of exposure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ When the symptoms are severe, it is known as anaphylaxis.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerance and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Common foods involved include cow's milk, peanuts, eggs, shellfish, fish, tree nuts, soy, wheat, rice, and fruit.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The common allergies vary depending on the country.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Risk factors include a family history of allergies, vitamin D deficiency, obesity, and high levels of cleanliness.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food intolerance is a detrimental reaction, often delayed, to a food, beverage, food additive, or compound found in foods that produces symptoms in one or more body organs and systems, but generally refers to reactions other than food allergy.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food hypersensitivity is used to refer broadly to both food intolerances and food allergies.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food allergies are immune reactions, typically an IgE reaction caused by the release of histamine but also encompassing non-IgE immune responses.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ This mechanism causes allergies to typically give immediate reaction (a few minutes to a few hours) to foods.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food intolerances can be classified according to their mechanism.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Peanut allergy is a type of food allergy to peanuts.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is different from nut allergies.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Physical symptoms of allergic reaction can include itchiness, urticaria, swelling, eczema, sneezing, asthma, abdominal pain, drop in blood pressure, diarrhea, and cardiac arrest.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Anaphylaxis may occur.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is due to a type I hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system in susceptible individuals.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ The allergy is recognized \"as one of the most severe food allergies due to its prevalence, persistency, and potential severity of allergic reaction.\"", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Prevention may be partly achieved through early introduction of peanuts to the diets of pregnant women and babies.", "Allergen __knowledge__ An allergen is a type of antigen that produces an abnormally vigorous immune response in which the immune system fights off a perceived threat that would otherwise be harmless to the body.", "Allergen __knowledge__ Such reactions are called allergies.", "Allergen __knowledge__ In technical terms, an allergen is an antigen capable of stimulating a type-I hypersensitivity reaction in atopic individuals through Immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses.", "Allergen __knowledge__ Most humans mount significant Immunoglobulin E responses only as a defense against parasitic infections.", "Allergen __knowledge__ However, some individuals may respond to many common environmental antigens.", "Allergen __knowledge__ This hereditary predisposition is called atopy.", "Erika Jensen-Jarolim __knowledge__ Erika Jensen-Jarolim is an Austrian physician and medical researcher in immunology and allergies.", "Erika Jensen-Jarolim __knowledge__ She was formerly head of the Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research at the Medical University of Vienna, and since 2011 has held the joint professorship in Comparative Medicine at the Medical University and the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, part of the inter-university Messerli Research Institute.", "Erika Jensen-Jarolim __knowledge__ Jensen-Jarolim earned her degree in human medicine in 1985 in Vienna, and since then has specialised in allergology and immunology.", "Erika Jensen-Jarolim __knowledge__ After her habilitation she founded an independent research group in 1999, completed her medical specialisation in immunology in 2000, and in 2007 became professor of pathophysiology.", "Wheat allergy __knowledge__ Wheat allergy is an allergy which typically presents itself as a food allergy, but can also be a contact allergy resulting from occupational exposure to wheat.", "Wheat allergy __knowledge__ Like all allergies, wheat allergy involves immunoglobulin E and mast cell response.", "Wheat allergy __knowledge__ Typically the allergy is limited to the seed storage proteins of wheat, some reactions are restricted to wheat proteins, while others can react across many varieties of seeds and other plant tissues.", "Wheat allergy __knowledge__ Wheat allergy may be a misnomer since there are many allergenic components in wheat, for example serine protease inhibitors, glutelins and prolamins and different responses are often attributed to different proteins.", "Immune system __knowledge__ The immune system is a host defense system comprising many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "Immune system __knowledge__ To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue.", "Immune system __knowledge__ In many species, the immune system can be classified into subsystems, such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity.", "Immune system __knowledge__ In humans, the blood–brain barrier, blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier, and similar fluid–brain barriers separate the peripheral immune system from the neuroimmune system, which protects the brain.", "Immune tolerance __knowledge__ Immune tolerance, or immunological tolerance, or immunotolerance, is a state of unresponsiveness of the immune system to substances or tissue that have the capacity to elicit an immune response in given organism.", "Immune tolerance __knowledge__ It contrasts with conventional immune-mediated elimination of foreign antigens (see Immune response).", "Immune tolerance __knowledge__ Tolerance is classified into central tolerance or peripheral tolerance depending on where the state is originally induced—in the thymus and bone marrow (central) or in other tissues and lymph nodes (peripheral).", "Immune tolerance __knowledge__ The mechanisms by which these forms of tolerance are established are distinct, but the resulting effect is similar.", "T helper cell __knowledge__ The T helper cells (T cells) are a type of T cell that play an important role in the immune system, particularly in the adaptive immune system.", "T helper cell __knowledge__ They help the activity of other immune cells by releasing T cell cytokines.", "T helper cell __knowledge__ These cells help suppress or regulate immune responses.", "T helper cell __knowledge__ They are essential in B cell antibody class switching, in the activation and growth of cytotoxic T cells, and in maximizing bactericidal activity of phagocytes such as macrophages.", "T helper cell __knowledge__ Mature T cells express the surface protein CD4 and are referred to as CD4 T cells.", "T helper cell __knowledge__ Such CD4 T cells are generally treated as having a pre-defined role as helper T cells within the immune system.", "Adaptive immune system __knowledge__ The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune system or, more rarely, as the specific immune system, is a subsystem of the overall immune system that is composed of highly specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate pathogens or prevent their growth.", "Adaptive immune system __knowledge__ The adaptive immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies found in vertebrates (the other being the innate immune system).", "Adaptive immune system __knowledge__ Adaptive immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, and leads to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that pathogen.", "Adaptive immune system __knowledge__ This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination.", "Systemic lupus erythematosus __knowledge__ Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), also known simply as lupus, is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue in many parts of the body.", "Systemic lupus erythematosus __knowledge__ Symptoms vary between people and may be mild to severe.", "Systemic lupus erythematosus __knowledge__ Common symptoms include painful and swollen joints, fever, chest pain, hair loss, mouth ulcers, swollen lymph nodes, feeling tired, and a red rash which is most commonly on the face.", "Systemic lupus erythematosus __knowledge__ Often there are periods of illness, called flares, and periods of remission during which there are few symptoms.", "Systemic lupus erythematosus __knowledge__ The cause of SLE is not clear.", "Systemic lupus erythematosus __knowledge__ It is thought to involve genetics together with environmental factors.", "Psychoneuroimmunology __knowledge__ Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI), also referred to as psychoendoneuroimmunology (PENI) or psychoneuroendocrinoimmunology (PNEI), is the study of the interaction between psychological processes and the nervous and immune systems of the human body.", "Psychoneuroimmunology __knowledge__ PNI takes an interdisciplinary approach, incorporating psychology, neuroscience, immunology, physiology, genetics, pharmacology, molecular biology, psychiatry, behavioral medicine, infectious diseases, endocrinology, and rheumatology.", "Psychoneuroimmunology __knowledge__ The main interests of PNI are the interactions between the nervous and immune systems and the relationships between mental processes and health." ] ]

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[ "Allergies are so fascinating to me, especially considering that they are actually allergic diseases. ", "They are actually caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to certain things.", "Peanuts is a common one, but it can be to food or it can be something like asthma or anaphylaxis. " ]

[ "Allergy", "Allergy", "Allergy" ]