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[ "New", "construction", "contracting", "climbed", "8", "%", "in", "September", "to", "an", "annualized", "$", "274.2", "billion", ",", "with", "commercial", ",", "industrial", "and", "public-works", "contracts", "providing", "most", "of", "the", "increase", ",", "according", "to", "F.W.", "Dodge", "Group", ".", "Through", "the", "first", "nine", "months", "of", "the", "year", ",", "the", "unadjusted", "total", "of", "all", "new", "construction", "was", "$", "199.6", "billion", ",", "flat", "compared", "with", "a", "year", "earlier", ".", "The", "South", "was", "off", "2", "%", "after", "the", "first", "nine", "months", ",", "while", "the", "North", "Central", "region", "was", "up", "3", "%", ".", "The", "Northeast", "and", "West", "regions", "were", "unchanged", ".", "A", "small", "decline", "in", "total", "construction", "for", "the", "entire", "year", "is", "possible", "if", "contracting", "for", "housing", "does", "n't", "increase", "in", "response", "to", "this", "year", "'s", "lower", "mortgage", "rates", ",", "said", "George", "A.", "Christie", ",", "vice", "president", "and", "chief", "economist", "of", "Dodge", ",", "the", "forecasting", "division", "of", "publisher", "McGraw-Hill", "Inc", ".", "The", "seasonally", "adjusted", "Dodge", "Index", "reached", "175", "in", "September", ",", "its", "highest", "level", "this", "year", ",", "from", "162", "in", "August", ".", "The", "index", "uses", "a", "base", "of", "100", "in", "1982", ".", "Newly", "contracted", "residential", "work", "edged", "up", "2", "%", "in", "September", "to", "an", "annualized", "$", "121.2", "billion", ",", "largely", "because", "multifamily", "building", "rebounded", "from", "a", "very", "weak", "August", ".", "``", "At", "the", "end", "of", "the", "third", "quarter", ",", "there", "was", "still", "no", "evidence", "of", "renewed", "home", "building", "in", "response", "to", "the", "midyear", "decline", "of", "mortgage", "rates", ",", "''", "Mr.", "Christie", "said", ".", "Housing", "has", "been", "weak", "all", "year", "and", "especially", "so", "in", "the", "past", "five", "months", ".", "Contracting", "for", "non-residential", "buildings", "rose", "10", "%", "in", "September", "to", "an", "annualized", "$", "100.8", "billion", ".", "Commercial", "and", "industrial", "construction", "rose", "sharply", ",", "partly", "because", "of", "three", "large", "projects", ",", "each", "expected", "to", "cost", "more", "than", "$", "100", "million", ".", "Institutional", "building", ",", "such", "as", "hospitals", "and", "schools", ",", "eased", "in", "September", "following", "a", "surge", "in", "August", ".", "Although", "the", "third", "quarter", "was", "the", "best", "so", "far", "this", "year", "for", "non-residential", "building", ",", "weakness", "early", "in", "the", "year", "held", "the", "nine-month", "total", "to", "$", "69.6", "billion", ",", "up", "just", "1", "%", "from", "a", "year", "earlier", ".", "Public-works", "and", "utility", "projects", ",", "also", "known", "as", "non-building", "contracting", ",", "grew", "18", "%", "to", "$", "52.2", "billion", "in", "September", ",", "but", "the", "nine-month", "total", "of", "$", "36.9", "billion", "was", "down", "3", "%", "from", "a", "year", "earlier", ".", "The", "Sept.", "30", "end", "of", "the", "federal", "fiscal", "year", "may", "have", "prodded", "contractors", "to", "get", "any", "behind-schedule", "road", "and", "bridge", "construction", "under", "way", "``", "before", "the", "clock", "ran", "out", ",", "''", "Mr.", "Christie", "said", ",", "referring", "to", "threatened", "5", "%", "across-the-board", "budget", "cuts", ".", "a", "-", "Monthly", "construction", "contract", "values", "are", "reported", "on", "an", "annualized", ",", "seasonally", "adjusted", "basis", "." ]
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[ "President", "Bush", "and", "Soviet", "leader", "Mikhail", "Gorbachev", "will", "hold", "an", "informal", "meeting", "in", "early", "December", ",", "a", "move", "that", "should", "give", "both", "leaders", "a", "political", "boost", "at", "home", ".", "The", "White", "House", "is", "purposely", "not", "calling", "the", "meeting", "a", "summit", "so", "that", "there", "wo", "n't", "be", "any", "expectation", "of", "detailed", "negotiations", "or", "agreements", ".", "Rather", ",", "senior", "administration", "officials", "said", "that", "the", "unexpected", "meeting", "was", "scheduled", "at", "Mr.", "Bush", "'s", "request", "because", "of", "his", "preference", "for", "conducting", "diplomacy", "through", "highly", "personal", "and", "informal", "meetings", "with", "other", "leaders", ".", "The", "two", "leaders", "will", "meet", "on", "Dec.", "2", "and", "3", ",", "alternating", "the", "two", "days", "of", "meetings", "between", "a", "U.S.", "and", "a", "Soviet", "naval", "vessel", "in", "the", "Mediterranean", "Sea", ".", "The", "unusual", "seaborne", "meeting", "wo", "n't", "disrupt", "plans", "for", "a", "formal", "summit", "meeting", "next", "spring", "or", "summer", ",", "at", "which", "an", "arms-control", "treaty", "is", "likely", "to", "be", "completed", ".", "In", "announcing", "the", "meeting", "yesterday", ",", "Mr.", "Bush", "told", "reporters", "at", "the", "White", "House", "that", "neither", "he", "nor", "Mr.", "Gorbachev", "expects", "any", "``", "substantial", "decisions", "or", "agreements", ".", "''", "Instead", ",", "he", "said", "that", "the", "purpose", "is", "simply", "for", "the", "two", "to", "get", "``", "better", "acquainted", "''", "and", "discuss", "a", "wide", "range", "of", "issues", "without", "a", "formal", "agenda", ".", "Despite", "the", "informal", "nature", "of", "the", "session", "and", "the", "calculated", "effort", "to", "hold", "down", "expectations", ",", "the", "meeting", "could", "pay", "significant", "political", "dividends", "for", "both", "leaders", ".", "Mr.", "Gorbachev", "badly", "needs", "a", "diversion", "from", "the", "serious", "economic", "problems", "and", "ethnic", "unrest", "he", "faces", "at", "home", ".", "American", "officials", "have", "said", "that", "a", "meeting", "with", "the", "leader", "of", "the", "U.S.", "could", "help", "bolster", "his", "stature", "among", "Soviet", "politicians", "and", "academics", ",", "whose", "support", "he", "needs", ".", "For", "his", "part", ",", "Mr.", "Bush", "has", "been", "criticized", "regularly", "at", "home", "for", "moving", "too", "slowly", "and", "cautiously", "in", "reacting", "to", "Mr.", "Gorbachev", "'s", "reforms", "and", "the", "historic", "moves", "away", "from", "communism", "in", "Eastern", "Europe", ".", "A", "face-to-face", "meeting", "with", "Mr.", "Gorbachev", "should", "damp", "such", "criticism", ",", "though", "it", "will", "hardly", "eliminate", "it", ".", "Senate", "Majority", "Leader", "George", "Mitchell", "(", "D.", ",", "Maine", ")", ",", "who", "has", "been", "the", "most", "prominent", "Democratic", "critic", "of", "Mr.", "Bush", "'s", "handling", "of", "the", "Soviet", "relationship", ",", "praised", "the", "president", "for", "arranging", "the", "meeting", ".", "But", "he", "added", ":", "``", "The", "mere", "fact", "of", "a", "meeting", "does", "n't", "deal", "with", "the", "substance", "of", "policy", ".", "''", "Mr.", "Bush", "said", "that", "the", "December", "meeting", ",", "which", "was", "announced", "simultaneously", "in", "Moscow", ",", "will", "be", "held", "in", "the", "unusual", "setting", "of", "ships", "at", "sea", "to", "hold", "down", "the", "``", "fanfare", "''", "and", "force", "the", "two", "sides", "to", "limit", "participation", "to", "just", "small", "groups", "of", "advisers", ".", "``", "By", "doing", "it", "in", "this", "manner", "we", "can", "have", ",", "I", "would", "say", ",", "more", "time", "without", "the", "press", "of", "social", "activities", "or", "mandatory", "joint", "appearances", ",", "things", "of", "that", "nature", "for", "public", "consumption", ",", "''", "Mr.", "Bush", "said", ".", "Soviet", "Foreign", "Minister", "Eduard", "Shevardnadze", ",", "at", "a", "news", "conference", "in", "Moscow", ",", "said", ",", "``", "As", "the", "two", "sides", "plan", "to", "hold", "a", "full-scale", "summit", "in", "late", "spring-early", "summer", "next", "year", ",", "they", "found", "it", "useful", ",", "I", "would", "say", "even", "necessary", ",", "to", "hold", "an", "interim", "informal", "meeting", ".", "''", "Although", "no", "specific", "agreements", "are", "expected", ",", "Mr.", "Shevardnadze", "said", "``", "that", "does", "n't", "mean", "they", "will", "be", "without", "an", "agenda", ".", "''", "If", "the", "two", "leaders", "cover", "the", "subjects", "that", "have", "been", "featured", "in", "lower", "level", "U.S.-Soviet", "meetings", ",", "their", "talks", "would", "include", "human", "rights", ",", "Soviet", "reforms", ",", "regional", "disputes", ",", "relations", "with", "allies", ",", "economic", "cooperation", ",", "arms", "control", ",", "and", "joint", "efforts", "to", "fight", "narcotics", ",", "terrorism", "and", "pollution", ".", "The", "president", "specifically", "mentioned", "U.S.", "economic", "advice", "to", "Moscow", "as", "a", "possible", "topic", ".", "Mr.", "Gorbachev", "has", "for", "months", "been", "publicly", "urging", "the", "U.S.", "to", "drop", "its", "restrictions", "on", "Soviet", "trade", ".", "He", "recently", "told", "a", "small", "group", "of", "American", "businessmen", "in", "Moscow", "that", "he", "hoped", "to", "sign", "a", "general", "trade", "agreement", "with", "the", "U.S.", ",", "possibly", "at", "the", "1990", "summit", ".", "The", "Soviets", "hope", "a", "trade", "agreement", "would", "give", "them", "Most-Favored", "Nation", "status", ",", "which", "would", "lower", "the", "tariffs", "on", "Soviet", "exports", "to", "the", "U.S.", ".", "In", "an", "unusually", "candid", "article", "about", "the", "latest", "economic", "woe", "--", "unemployment", "--", "Pravda", "yesterday", "reported", "that", "three", "million", "Soviets", "have", "lost", "their", "jobs", "as", "a", "result", "of", "perestroika", "and", "the", "number", "could", "grow", "to", "16", "million", "by", "the", "year", "2005", ".", "Economists", "in", "Moscow", "are", "now", "proposing", "that", "the", "state", "start", "a", "system", "of", "unemployment", "benefits", ".", "But", "one", "Bush", "administration", "official", "knowledgeable", "about", "the", "summit", "plan", "cautioned", "against", "assuming", "that", "there", "will", "be", "bold", "new", "initiatives", "on", "the", "Soviet", "economy", "or", "other", "issues", ".", "``", "Do", "n't", "take", "this", "as", "some", "big", "opening", "for", "major", "movement", "on", "economic", "cooperation", ",", "or", "arms", "control", ",", "or", "the", "environment", ",", "''", "he", "said", ".", "``", "Those", "things", "will", "all", "come", "up", ",", "but", "in", "a", "fairly", "informal", "way", ".", "''", "Instead", ",", "this", "official", "said", ",", "``", "This", "is", "vintage", "George", "Bush", ".", "This", "was", "George", "Bush", "'s", "own", "idea", ".", "It", "'s", "George", "Bush", "wanting", "to", "meet", "a", "foreign", "leader", "and", "talk", "to", "him", "directly", ".", "''", "Aside", "from", "the", "Soviet", "economic", "plight", "and", "talks", "on", "cutting", "strategic", "and", "chemical", "arms", ",", "one", "other", "issue", "the", "Soviets", "are", "likely", "to", "want", "to", "raise", "is", "naval", "force", "reductions", ".", "Western", "analysts", "say", "that", ",", "given", "the", "meeting", "'s", "setting", "at", "sea", ",", "Gorbachev", "is", "unlikely", "to", "pass", "up", "the", "opportunity", "to", "press", "once", "again", "for", "negotiated", "cuts", "in", "the", "navies", "of", "both", "the", "North", "Atlantic", "Treaty", "Organization", "and", "the", "Warsaw", "Pact", ".", "That", "theme", "has", "been", "a", "recurring", "one", "for", "Soviet", "military", "officials", "for", "much", "of", "this", "year", ".", "They", "argue", "that", "as", "the", "Kremlin", "follows", "through", "on", "announced", "plans", "to", "cut", "land", "forces", "--", "the", "Soviets", "'", "area", "of", "greatest", "strength", "--", "the", "U.S.", "should", "show", "more", "willingness", "to", "cut", "sea", "forces", "--", "Washington", "'s", "area", "of", "greatest", "superiority", ".", "One", "of", "the", "reasons", "Bush", "administration", "aides", "are", "anxious", "to", "insist", "that", "the", "coming", "meeting", "will", "be", "informal", "is", "to", "avoid", "comparisons", "with", "the", "last", "such", "loosely", "structured", "superpower", "gathering", ",", "former", "President", "Reagan", "'s", "1986", "meeting", "with", "Mr.", "Gorbachev", "in", "Reykjavik", ",", "Iceland", ".", "That", "meeting", "sent", "shivers", "through", "the", "Western", "alliance", "because", "Mr.", "Reagan", "was", "pulled", "into", "discussing", "the", "possible", "elimination", "of", "nuclear", "weapons", "without", "consulting", "American", "allies", ".", "Mr.", "Bush", "said", "that", "he", "initiated", "talks", "with", "the", "Soviets", "on", "the", "informal", "meeting", "by", "sending", "a", "proposal", "to", "Mr.", "Gorbachev", "last", "July", ",", "which", "the", "Soviet", "leader", "readily", "accepted", ".", "But", "word", "of", "the", "possible", "session", "was", "closely", "held", "by", "the", "president", "and", "a", "handful", "of", "top", "aides", ",", "and", "word", "of", "it", "did", "n't", "reach", "many", "second-level", "officials", "until", "the", "past", "few", "days", ".", "Indeed", ",", "many", "senior", "officials", "had", "been", "insisting", "for", "weeks", "that", "Mr.", "Bush", "was", "n't", "interested", "in", "such", "an", "informal", "get-together", ".", "Though", "President", "Bush", "'s", "political", "critics", "at", "home", "have", "been", "urging", "him", "to", "open", "a", "more", "direct", "dialogue", "with", "Mr.", "Gorbachev", ",", "it", "actually", "was", "the", "arguments", "of", "leaders", "within", "the", "Soviet", "bloc", "itself", "that", "led", "the", "president", "to", "seek", "the", "December", "meeting", ".", "Mr.", "Bush", "decided", "he", "wanted", "the", "meeting", "after", "talking", "in", "Europe", "in", "July", "with", "the", "leaders", "of", "Poland", "and", "Hungary", ",", "who", "urged", "him", "to", "support", "Mr.", "Gorbachev", "'s", "efforts", "to", "transform", "the", "Soviet", "system", "and", "to", "urge", "him", "to", "loosen", "his", "grip", "on", "Eastern", "Europe", ",", "a", "senior", "aide", "said", ".", "While", "flying", "home", "from", "those", "discussions", ",", "Mr.", "Bush", "drafted", "a", "letter", "to", "Mr.", "Gorbachev", "suggesting", "an", "informal", "get-together", "to", "precede", "their", "formal", "summit", "next", "year", ".", "Peter", "Gumbel", "in", "Moscow", "contributed", "to", "this", "article", "." ]
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".", "That", "would", "require", "fourth-quarter", "net", "of", "more", "than", "about", "22", "cents", "to", "24", "cents", "a", "share", ",", "assuming", "that", "Mr.", "Stein", "'s", "third-quarter", "estimate", "proves", "accurate", ".", "In", "the", "year-earlier", "fourth", "quarter", ",", "the", "company", "had", "profit", "of", "$", "2.7", "million", ",", "or", "15", "cents", "a", "share", ".", "Third-quarter", "revenue", "is", "expected", "to", "be", "$", "40", "million", "to", "$", "45", "million", ",", "up", "from", "$", "38.2", "million", "a", "year", "earlier", ",", "according", "to", "Neil", "Gordon", ",", "treasurer", ".", "The", "year-earlier", "periods", "do", "n't", "reflect", "results", "of", "the", "company", "'s", "Woodstream", "Corp.", "unit", ",", "acquired", "last", "January", ",", "but", "include", "some", "Canadian", "operations", "that", "were", "sold", "at", "the", "end", "of", "1988", ".", "August", "through", "October", "traditionally", "is", "the", 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"from", "around", "70", "%", ";", "and", "to", "lower", "the", "number", "of", "labor", "hours", "required", "to", "produce", "a", "unit", ".", "By", "moving", "the", "design", "of", "new", "products", "in-house", "--", "instead", "of", "contracting", "out", "the", "work", "--", "the", "company", "also", "has", "been", "able", "to", "come", "up", "with", "designs", "that", "can", "be", "manufactured", "more", "efficiently", ",", "he", "said", ".", "In", "addition", "to", "those", "measures", ",", "the", "company", "spent", "heavily", "earlier", "this", "year", "to", "install", "displays", "at", "its", "customers", "'", "retail", "outlets", "--", "a", "strategy", "that", "Mr.", "Stein", "said", "has", "helped", "bolster", "awareness", "of", "the", "company", "'s", "brands", ".", "Ekco", "'s", "housewares", "operation", "makes", "kitchen", "tools", "and", "gadgets", ",", "as", "well", "as", "bakeware", ",", "at", "factories", "in", "the", "U.S.", "and", "Canada", ".", "The", "main", "issue", "in", "the", "strike", "at", "the", "Ohio", "facility", "was", "health-care", "benefits", ",", "Mr.", "Stein", "said", ".", "The", "strike", "ended", "Oct", ".", "Ekco", "continues", "to", "seek", "further", "acquisitions", "in", "the", "consumer-products", "industry", ",", "Mr.", "Stein", "said", ".", "He", "indicated", "that", "Ekco", "may", "be", "interested", "in", "acquiring", "another", "company", "with", "revenue", "in", "the", "range", "of", "$", "75", "million", "to", "$", "100", "million", ",", "partly", "because", "mass", "merchandisers", "increasingly", "want", "to", "rely", "on", "larger", ",", "and", "fewer", ",", "suppliers", "." ]
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[ "The", "American", "Stock", "Exchange", "said", "a", "seat", "was", "sold", "for", "$", "165,000", ",", "unchanged", "from", "the", "previous", "sale", "Oct.", "13", ".", "Seats", "on", "the", "Amex", "currently", "are", "quoted", "at", "$", "151,000", "bid", "and", "$", "200,000", "asked", "." ]
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[ "det", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "ccomp", "case", "obl", "nummod", "punct", "advmod", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "obl:tmod", "nummod", "punct", "nsubj:pass", "case", "det", "nmod", "advmod", "aux:pass", "root", "case", "obl", "nummod", "dep", "cc", "conj", "nummod", "acl", "punct" ]
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[ "October", "was", "an", "edgy", "month", "for", "the", "practitioners", "of", "glasnost", ",", "the", "official", "Soviet", "policy", "of", "allowing", "more", "candor", "from", "the", "nation", "'s", "media", ".", "For", "one", "of", "the", "superstars", "of", "glasnost", ",", "Vitaly", "Korotich", ",", "editor", "of", "the", "trail-blazing", "weekly", "Ogonyok", ",", "Friday", ",", "Oct.", "20", "was", "a", "somersaulting", "day", "that", "turned", "from", "tension", "to", "elation", ".", "He", "had", "been", "summoned", "to", "the", "Central", "Committee", "of", "the", "Soviet", "Communist", "Party", ",", "after", "he", "finished", "his", "lunch", "at", "the", "Savoy", "Hotel", ",", "an", "unlikely", "prelude", "to", "a", "bureaucratic", "brow-beating", ":", "Eight-foot-tall", "Rubenesquely", "naked", "ladies", "float", "on", "their", "canvases", "toward", "a", "ceiling", "teeming", "with", "cherubs", ",", "all", "surrounded", "by", "gilt", "laid", "on", "with", "a", "pastry", "chef", "'s", "trowel", "and", "supported", "by", "marble", "corinthian", "columns", "whose", "capitals", "are", "fluting", "fountains", "of", "gold", ".", "Why", "had", "Mr.", "Korotich", "been", "called", "?", "``", "I", "told", "my", "driver", ",", "''", "he", "said", ",", "``", "that", "he", "was", "taking", "my", "butt", "to", "the", "Central", "Committee", "so", "they", "can", "...", "''", "whack", ",", "whack", ",", "whack", "his", "hand", "made", "vigorous", "spanking", "gestures", "on", "his", "left", "palm", ".", "``", "They", "feel", "the", "need", "from", "time", "to", "time", "to", "`", "educate", "'", "me", ".", "''", "And", "indeed", ",", "as", "he", "later", "reported", ",", "that", "was", "the", "import", "of", "the", "meeting", ".", "Anxious", "allies", "of", "President", "Mikhail", "Gorbachev", "are", "cautioning", "media", "leaders", "to", "take", "it", "easy", ",", "to", "be", "careful", "not", "to", "do", "anything", "that", "could", "be", "used", "by", "Mr.", "Gorbachev", "'s", "opponents", ".", "The", "government", "is", "nervous", ".", "According", "to", "Mr.", "Korotich", ",", "who", "was", "present", ",", "Mr.", "Gorbachev", "'s", "publicized", "tongue-lashing", "of", "the", "press", "on", "Oct.", "13", "was", "more", "of", "a", "plea", ":", "``", "Be", "careful", "boys", ";", "use", "good", "judgment", ".", "We", "'re", "standing", "in", "gasoline", ",", "so", "do", "n't", "smoke", "!", "''", "U.S.", "and", "northern", "European", "diplomats", "confirm", "Mr.", "Korotich", "'s", "assessment", "that", "glasnost", "is", "in", "no", "immediate", "danger", ".", "In", "fact", ",", "a", "very", "high-ranking", "Soviet", "official", "told", "an", "American", "official", "at", "a", "diplomatic", "dinner", "that", "no", "change", "in", "the", "policy", "was", "contemplated", ".", "The", "day", "after", "that", "conversation", "at", "the", "residence", "of", "the", "U.S.", "ambassador", ",", "the", "Brezhnevite", "editor", "of", "Pravda", ",", "Victor", "Afnasjev", ",", "was", "replaced", "by", "a", "college", "classmate", "of", "Mr.", "Gorbachev", "'s", ".", "Brezhnevite", "holdovers", "have", "more", "to", "fear", "from", "Mr.", "Gorbachev", "than", "the", "verbal", "spanking", "he", "gave", "to", "the", "press", ".", "At", "the", "end", "of", "the", "very", "week", "in", "which", "Mr.", "Korotich", "was", "called", "to", "the", "Central", "Committee", ",", "Ogonyok", "was", "again", "demonstrating", "its", "independence", "by", "printing", "a", "poll", "that", "showed", "that", "35", "%", "of", "the", "Soviet", "population", ",", "a", "plurality", ",", "believed", "that", "Mr.", "Gorbachev", "'s", "economic", "reforms", ",", "perestroika", ",", "would", "result", "in", "only", "insignificant", "change", ".", "A", "good", "measurement", "of", "the", "popularity", "of", "ice-breaker", "journals", "like", "Ogonyok", "is", "circulation", ".", "When", "Mr.", "Korotich", "took", "it", "over", "in", "1986", ",", "it", "sold", "250,000", "copies", ";", "today", "it", "sells", "3.4", "million", ".", "Pravda", ",", "meanwhile", ",", "has", "retained", "only", "57", "%", "of", "its", "1986", "readership", ".", "Glasnost", "has", "made", "celebrities", "of", "men", "like", "Mr.", "Korotich", ".", "Prevented", "by", "the", "Communist", "Party", "from", "getting", "on", "its", "slate", "of", "nominees", "for", "the", "new", "Supreme", "Soviet", ",", "he", "stood", "as", "an", "independent", "candidate", "for", "Congress", "from", "his", "native", "Ukraine", "and", "won", "with", "84", "%", "of", "the", "vote", ".", "The", "same", "evening", "that", "he", "was", "summoned", "for", "a", "warning", "from", "the", "Party", ",", "he", "was", "cheered", "by", "thousands", "of", "his", "supporters", "at", "a", "rally", "of", "what", "can", "only", "be", "called", "the", "Korotich", "party", ".", "But", "as", "astounding", "as", "the", "changes", "that", "have", "already", "occurred", "are", ",", "there", "is", "a", "fragility", "to", "glasnost", ".", "Censorship", "is", "n't", "a", "Marxist", "invention", ".", "The", "czars", "were", "no", "civil", "libertarians", ".", "As", "late", "as", "the", "1890s", ",", "the", "Russian", "government", "prevented", "any", "coverage", "of", "famines", ".", "It", "even", "directed", "newspapers", "not", "to", "publish", "anything", "that", "might", "stain", "the", "honor", "of", "the", "Turkish", "sultan", "'s", "wives", ".", "So", "glasnost", "is", "not", "a", "value", "woven", "with", "steel", "threads", "into", "the", "fabric", "of", "Russian", "society", ".", "It", "is", "an", "admirable", "public", "relations", "program", "initiated", "by", "a", "single", "political", "leader", "during", "a", "four-year", "blink", "of", "history", ".", "It", "is", "public", "relations", "of", "the", "highest", "sophistication", ",", "that", "recognizes", "that", "credibility", "is", "enhanced", "by", "honesty", "--", "up", "to", "a", "point", ".", "What", "is", "that", "point", "?", "Will", "Ogonyok", "begin", "a", "series", "of", "reports", "analyzing", "the", "failures", "of", "perestroika", "?", "``", "I", "'d", "be", "destroying", "myself", ",", "''", "replies", "Mr.", "Korotich", ",", "who", "then", "asks", ",", "``", "What", "would", "that", "accomplish", "?", "''", "His", "answer", "reveals", "his", "vulnerability", "--", "it", "also", "draws", "the", "line", "that", "Soviet", "society", "must", "cross", "to", "enter", "the", "normal", "dialogue", "of", "Western", "culture", ".", "It", "is", "the", "line", "beyond", "which", "the", "press", "can", "report", "not", "only", "on", "the", "bankruptcy", "of", "factories", "but", "on", "the", "failures", "of", "even", "admirable", "leaders", ".", "Mr.", "Ayers", "is", "editor", "and", "publisher", "of", "the", "Anniston", ",", "Ala.", ",", "Star", "." ]
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[ "On", "June", "30", ",", "a", "major", "part", "of", "our", "trade", "deficit", "went", "poof", "!", "No", "figure", "juggling", ";", "no", "witchcraft", ";", "just", "vastly", "improved", "recording", "of", "some", "of", "our", "exports", ".", "The", "result", "?", "The", "Commerce", "Department", "found", "that", "U.S.", "exports", "in", "1988", ",", "net", "of", "imports", ",", "were", "understated", "by", "$", "20.9", "billion", "a", "year", "and", "understated", "at", "the", "annualized", "rate", "of", "$", "25.4", "billion", "in", "the", "first", "quarter", "of", "1989", ".", "More", "than", "half", "of", "the", "``", "newly", "found", "''", "net", "exports", "were", "from", "just", "a", "few", "service-sector", "categories", ".", "Some", "of", "the", "biggest", "service-industry", "exporters", "--", "American", "financial-service", "companies", ",", "for", "example", "--", "have", "yet", "to", "be", "fully", "included", "in", "our", "export", "statistics", ".", "Nearly", "10", "years", "ago", ",", "representatives", "of", "service-sector", "companies", "worked", "out", "a", "plan", "with", "the", "Commerce", "Department", "to", "improve", "the", "data", "on", "service-sector", "exports", ".", "Both", "groups", "believed", "that", "tens", "of", "billions", "of", "dollars", "of", "service", "exports", "--", "such", "as", "inbound", "tourism", ";", "legal", ",", "accounting", "and", "other", "professional", "services", "furnished", "to", "foreigners", ";", "financial", ",", "engineering", "and", "construction", "services", ";", "and", "the", "like", "--", "were", "not", "being", "counted", "as", "exports", ".", "The", "monthly", "``", "trade", "deficit", "''", "figure", "is", "limited", "to", "traditional", "merchandise", "trade", ":", "manufactured", "goods", "and", "raw", "materials", ".", "In", "the", "quarterly", "balance-of-payments", "report", ",", "those", "merchandise", "trade", "figures", "are", "merged", "with", "statistics", "on", "exports", "and", "imports", "of", "services", ",", "as", "well", "as", "returns", "on", "investments", "abroad", "by", "Americans", "and", "returns", "on", "foreign", "investments", "in", "the", "U.S.", ".", "Over", "time", ",", "through", "benchmark", "surveys", ",", "the", "corrected", "data", "on", "service", "exports", "and", "imports", "have", "been", "gathered", ".", "The", "first", "three", "major", "areas", "of", "the", "service", "sector", "to", "be", "revamped", "were", "expenditures", "by", "foreign", "students", "in", "the", "U.S.", ".", "(", "net", "after", "expenditures", "by", "Americans", "studying", "abroad", ")", ",", "some", "exports", "by", "professional", "firms", "(", "a", "law", "firm", "billing", "a", "German", "client", "for", "services", "rendered", "in", "watching", "legislation", "in", "Washington", "is", "as", "much", "an", "export", "as", "shipment", "of", "an", "American", "jet", "engine", ")", ",", "and", "improved", "data", "from", "travel", "and", "tourism", ".", "In", "just", "these", "three", "areas", ",", "the", "Commerce", "Department", "found", "$", "23", "billion", "more", "exports", "than", "previously", "reported", "and", "$", "11.6", "billion", "more", "imports", ",", "with", "the", "net", "result", "that", "the", "U.S.", "service", "surplus", "in", "1988", "increased", "by", "$", "11.3", "billion", ",", "to", "$", "19", "billion", ".", "Combined", "with", "recalculations", "and", "revisions", "in", "other", "trade", "areas", ",", "the", "value", "of", "U.S.", "net", "exports", "that", "had", "not", "previously", "been", "recorded", "was", "about", "$", "20", "billion", "a", "year", ".", "That", "means", "that", "the", "U.S.", "trade", "deficit", "was", "running", "closer", "to", "$", "75", "billion", "than", "to", "$", "95", "billion", "in", "1988", ",", "and", "$", "55", "billion", "(", "annualized", ")", "rather", "than", "$", "80", "billion", "in", "the", "first", "quarter", "of", "1989", ".", "These", "revised", "figures", "also", "may", "explain", "some", "of", "the", "recent", "strength", "of", "the", "dollar", ".", "The", "materially", "smaller", "trade", "deficit", "may", "have", "been", "already", "discounted", "in", "the", "market", ".", "What", "does", "this", "mean", "for", "trade", "policy", "?", "Too", "early", "to", "tell", ",", "but", "a", "trade", "deficit", "that", "is", "significantly", "smaller", "than", "we", "imagined", "does", "suggest", "a", "review", "of", "our", "trade", "posture", ".", "It", "does", "not", "relieve", "the", "need", "for", "our", "market-opening", "efforts", "for", "both", "goods", "and", "services", ",", "but", "it", "does", "suggest", "that", "it", "is", "our", "exports", "of", "services", ",", "and", "not", "just", "borrowing", ",", "that", "is", "financing", "our", "imports", "of", "goods", ".", "Mr.", "Freeman", "is", "an", "executive", "vice", "president", "of", "American", "Express", "." ]
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[ "As", "small", "investors", "peppered", "their", "mutual", "funds", "with", "phone", "calls", "over", "the", "weekend", ",", "big", "fund", "managers", "said", "they", "have", "a", "strong", "defense", "against", "any", "wave", "of", "withdrawals", ":", "cash", ".", "Unlike", "the", "weekend", "before", "Black", "Monday", ",", "the", "funds", "were", "n't", "swamped", "with", "heavy", "withdrawal", "requests", ".", "And", "many", "fund", "managers", "have", "built", "up", "cash", "levels", "and", "say", "they", "will", "be", "buying", "stock", "this", "week", ".", "At", "Fidelity", "Investments", ",", "the", "nation", "'s", "largest", "fund", "company", ",", "telephone", "volume", "was", "up", "sharply", ",", "but", "it", "was", "still", "at", "just", "half", "the", "level", "of", "the", "weekend", "preceding", "Black", "Monday", "in", "1987", ".", "The", "Boston", "firm", "said", "stock-fund", "redemptions", "were", "running", "at", "less", "than", "one-third", "the", "level", "two", "years", "ago", ".", "As", "of", "yesterday", "afternoon", ",", "the", "redemptions", "represented", "less", "than", "15", "%", "of", "the", "total", "cash", "position", "of", "about", "$", "2", "billion", "of", "Fidelity", "'s", "stock", "funds", ".", "``", "Two", "years", "ago", "there", "were", "massive", "redemption", "levels", "over", "the", "weekend", "and", "a", "lot", "of", "fear", "around", ",", "''", "said", "C.", "Bruce", "Johnstone", ",", "who", "runs", "Fidelity", "Investments", "'", "$", "5", "billion", "Equity-Income", "Fund", ".", "``", "This", "feels", "more", "like", "a", "one-shot", "deal", ".", "People", "are", "n't", "panicking", ".", "''", "The", "test", "may", "come", "today", ".", "Friday", "'s", "stock", "market", "sell-off", "came", "too", "late", "for", "many", "investors", "to", "act", ".", "Some", "shareholders", "have", "held", "off", "until", "today", "because", "any", "fund", "exchanges", "made", "after", "Friday", "'s", "close", "would", "take", "place", "at", "today", "'s", "closing", "prices", ".", "Stock", "fund", "redemptions", "during", "the", "1987", "debacle", "did", "n't", "begin", "to", "snowball", "until", "after", "the", "market", "opened", "on", "Black", "Monday", ".", "But", "fund", "managers", "say", "they", "'re", "ready", ".", "Many", "have", "raised", "cash", "levels", ",", "which", "act", "as", "a", "buffer", "against", "steep", "market", "declines", ".", "Mario", "Gabelli", ",", "for", "instance", ",", "holds", "cash", "positions", "well", "above", "20", "%", "in", "several", "of", "his", "funds", ".", "Windsor", "Fund", "'s", "John", "Neff", "and", "Mutual", "Series", "'", "Michael", "Price", "said", "they", "had", "raised", "their", "cash", "levels", "to", "more", "than", "20", "%", "and", "30", "%", ",", "respectively", ",", "this", "year", ".", "Even", "Peter", "Lynch", ",", "manager", "of", "Fidelity", "'s", "$", "12.7", "billion", "Magellan", "Fund", ",", "the", "nation", "'s", "largest", "stock", "fund", ",", "built", "up", "cash", "to", "7", "%", "or", "$", "850", "million", ".", "One", "reason", "is", "that", "after", "two", "years", "of", "monthly", "net", "redemptions", ",", "the", "fund", "posted", "net", "inflows", "of", "money", "from", "investors", "in", "August", "and", "September", ".", "``", "I", "'ve", "let", "the", "money", "build", "up", ",", "''", "Mr.", "Lynch", "said", ",", "who", "added", "that", "he", "has", "had", "trouble", "finding", "stocks", "he", "likes", ".", "Not", "all", "funds", "have", "raised", "cash", "levels", ",", "of", "course", ".", "As", "a", "group", ",", "stock", "funds", "held", "10.2", "%", "of", "assets", "in", "cash", "as", "of", "August", ",", "the", "latest", "figures", "available", "from", "the", "Investment", "Company", "Institute", ".", "That", "was", "modestly", "higher", "than", "the", "8.8", "%", "and", "9.2", "%", "levels", "in", "August", "and", "September", "of", "1987", ".", "Also", ",", "persistent", "redemptions", "would", "force", "some", "fund", "managers", "to", "dump", "stocks", "to", "raise", "cash", ".", "But", "a", "strong", "level", "of", "investor", "withdrawals", "is", "much", "more", "unlikely", "this", "time", "around", ",", "fund", "managers", "said", ".", "A", "major", "reason", "is", "that", "investors", "already", "have", "sharply", "scaled", "back", "their", "purchases", "of", "stock", "funds", "since", "Black", "Monday", ".", "Stock-fund", "sales", "have", "rebounded", "in", "recent", "months", ",", "but", "monthly", "net", "purchases", "are", "still", "running", "at", "less", "than", "half", "1987", "levels", ".", "``", "There", "'s", "not", "nearly", "as", "much", "froth", ",", "''", "said", "John", "Bogle", ",", "chairman", "of", "Vanguard", "Group", "Inc.", ",", "a", "big", "Valley", "Forge", ",", "Pa.", ",", "fund", "company", ".", "Many", "fund", "managers", "argue", "that", "now", "'s", "the", "time", "to", "buy", ".", "Vincent", "Bajakian", ",", "manager", "of", "the", "$", "1.8", "billion", "Wellington", "Fund", ",", "added", "to", "his", "positions", "in", "Bristol-Myers", "Squibb", ",", "Woolworth", "and", "Dun", "&", "Bradstreet", "Friday", ".", "And", "today", "he", "'ll", "be", "looking", "to", "buy", "drug", "stocks", "like", "Eli", "Lilly", ",", "Pfizer", "and", "American", "Home", "Products", "whose", "dividend", "yields", "have", "been", "bolstered", "by", "stock", "declines", ".", "Fidelity", "'s", "Mr.", "Lynch", ",", "for", "his", "part", ",", "snapped", "up", "Southern", "Co.", "shares", "Friday", "after", "the", "stock", "got", "hammered", ".", "If", "the", "market", "drops", "further", "today", ",", "he", "said", "he", "'ll", "be", "buying", "blue", "chips", "such", "as", "Bristol-Myers", "and", "Kellogg", ".", "``", "If", "they", "croak", "stocks", "like", "that", ",", "''", "he", "said", ",", "it", "presents", "an", "opportunity", "that", "is", "``", "the", "kind", "of", "thing", "you", "dream", "about", ".", "''", "Major", 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[ "Moscom", "Corp.", "said", "its", "board", "approved", "the", "repurchase", "of", "as", "many", "as", "300,000", "common", "shares", "when", "market", "conditions", "are", "suitable", ".", "The", "maker", "of", "telecommunications", "management", "systems", "had", "6,420,268", "shares", "outstanding", "as", "of", "Sept.", "30", ".", "In", "over-the-counter", "trading", "yesterday", ",", "Moscom", "closed", "at", "$", "4.375", ",", "up", "37.5", "cents", "." ]
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[ "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nmod:poss", "nsubj", "ccomp", "det", "obj", "case", "advmod", "advmod", "advmod", "nummod", "amod", "nmod", "advmod", "compound", "nsubj", "cop", "advcl", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "case", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "root", "nummod", "obj", "amod", "case", "case", "obl", "nummod", "punct", "case", "amod", "obl", "obl:tmod", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "case", "obl", "nummod", "punct", "advmod", "nummod", "obl:npmod", "punct" ]
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"the", "index", "of", "leading", "indicators", "has", "risen", "in", "four", "months", ",", "fallen", "in", "four", "months", "and", "remained", "unchanged", "in", "the", "other", "month", ".", "In", "another", "report", "yesterday", ",", "the", "Commerce", "Department", "said", "sales", "of", "new", "single-family", "houses", "plunged", "14", "%", "in", "September", "to", "an", "annual", "rate", "of", "618,000", "from", "719,000", "in", "August", ".", "The", "declines", "were", "particularly", "pronounced", "in", "the", "Northeast", "and", "in", "the", "South", ",", "where", "Hurricane", "Hugo", "was", "a", "factor", ".", "Although", "September", "'s", "weakness", "followed", "two", "strong", "months", "for", "home", "sales", ",", "the", "decline", "supports", "other", "indications", "that", "the", "drop", "in", "mortgage", "rates", "earlier", "this", "year", "has", "had", "only", "a", "limited", "beneficial", "effect", "on", "the", "housing", "market", ".", "The", "September", "drop", "was", "the", "largest", "since", "a", "19", "%", "drop", "in", "January", "1982", ",", "but", "monthly", "changes", "in", "this", "measure", "are", "even", "less", "reliable", "than", "those", "in", "other", "economic", "indicators", ".", "Because", "the", "figures", "are", "based", "on", "a", "small", "sample", ",", "the", "department", "said", "it", "is", "90", "%", "confident", "only", "that", "new-home", "sales", "fell", "somewhere", "between", "5", "%", "and", "23", "%", "during", "the", "month", ".", "The", "department", "also", "said", "it", "takes", "four", "months", "to", "establish", "a", "trend", ".", "So", "far", "this", "year", ",", "534,000", "newly", "built", "homes", "have", "been", "sold", ",", "down", "4.5", "%", "from", "the", "like", "months", "of", "1988", ".", "The", "index", "of", "leading", "indicators", "got", "a", "major", "boost", "in", "September", "from", "a", "surge", "in", "consumer", "expectations", "as", "measured", "by", "the", "University", "of", "Michigan", ".", "This", "measure", "had", "dropped", "sharply", "in", "August", ".", "The", "Commerce", "Department", "said", "that", "as", "a", "result", "of", "a", "new", "adjustment", "to", "the", "formula", "used", "to", "calculate", "the", "index", ",", "the", "influence", "of", "this", "component", "has", "been", "reduced", ".", "Of", "the", "11", "components", "to", "the", "index", ",", "only", "three", "others", "rose", "in", "September", ":", "the", "money", "supply", ",", "the", "length", "of", "the", "average", "work", "week", "and", "stock", "prices", ".", "Several", "components", "that", "track", "the", "health", "of", "the", "manufacturing", "sector", "of", "the", "economy", "turned", "down", "in", "September", ".", "These", "include", "new", "orders", "for", "manufactured", "consumer", "goods", ",", "lead", "times", "on", "vendor", "deliveries", ",", "orders", "for", "new", "plant", "and", "equipment", ",", "and", "backlogs", "of", "orders", "for", "durable", "goods", ".", "Meanwhile", ",", "the", "National", "Association", "of", "Manufacturers", "said", "yesterday", "a", "recent", "poll", "of", "53", "executives", "on", "its", "board", "found", "that", "61", "%", "do", "n't", "expect", "a", "recession", "to", "occur", "until", "1991", "or", "later", ".", "The", "remainder", "expect", "a", "downturn", "to", "begin", "sometime", "in", "Although", "manufacturers", "often", "are", "quick", "to", "call", "for", "lower", "interest", "rates", ",", "60", "%", "of", "the", "executives", "said", "they", "would", "prefer", "that", "the", "Fed", "keep", "inflation-fighting", "as", "its", "top", "priority", "even", "if", "that", "means", "higher", "rates", ".", "The", "other", "40", "%", "said", "the", "Fed", "ought", "to", "worry", "less", "about", "inflation", "and", "bring", "interest", "rates", "down", ".", "All", "the", "figures", "are", "adjusted", "to", "remove", "usual", "seasonal", "patterns", ".", "Here", "are", "the", "net", "contributions", 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[ "Your", "Oct.", "6", "editorial", "``", "The", "Ill", "Homeless", "''", "referred", "to", "research", "by", "us", "and", "six", "of", "our", "colleagues", "that", "was", "reported", "in", "the", "Sept.", "8", "issue", "of", "the", "Journal", "of", "the", "American", "Medical", "Association", ".", "Your", "comments", "implied", "we", "had", "discovered", "that", "the", "``", "principal", "cause", "''", "of", "homelessness", "is", "to", "be", "found", "in", "the", "large", "numbers", "of", "mentally", "ill", "and", "substance-abusing", "people", "in", "the", "homeless", "population", ".", "We", "have", "made", "no", "such", "statement", ".", "It", "is", "clear", "that", "most", "mentally", "ill", "people", "and", "most", "alcoholics", "do", "not", "become", "homeless", ".", "The", "``", "causes", "''", "of", "homelessness", "are", "poorly", "understood", "and", "complex", "in", "any", "individual", "case", ".", "In", "quoting", "from", "our", "research", "you", "emphasized", "the", "high", "prevalance", "of", "mental", "illness", "and", "alcoholism", ".", "You", "did", "not", "note", "that", "the", "homeless", "people", "we", "examined", "had", "a", "multitude", "of", "physical", "disorders", "in", "addition", "to", "their", "psychiatric", "problems", "and", "substance", "abuse", ".", "They", "suffered", "from", "malnutrition", ",", "chest", "diseases", ",", "cardiovascular", "disorders", ",", "skin", "problems", ",", "infectious", "diseases", "and", "the", "aftereffects", "of", "assaults", "and", "rape", ".", "Homeless", "people", "not", "only", "lack", "safety", ",", "privacy", "and", "shelter", ",", "they", "also", "lack", "the", "elementary", "necessities", "of", "nutrition", ",", "cleanliness", "and", "basic", "health", "care", ".", "In", "a", "recent", "report", ",", "the", "Institute", "of", "Medicine", "pointed", "out", "that", "certain", "health", "problems", "may", "predispose", "a", "person", "to", "homelessness", ",", "others", "may", "be", "a", "consequence", "of", "it", ",", "and", "a", "third", "category", "is", "composed", "of", "disorders", "whose", "treatment", "is", "difficult", "or", "impossible", "if", "a", "person", "lacks", "adequate", "shelter", ".", "The", "interactions", "between", "health", "and", "homelessness", "are", "complex", ",", "defying", "sweeping", "generalizations", "as", "to", "``", "cause", "''", "or", "``", "effect", ".", "''", "If", "we", "look", "to", "the", "future", ",", "preventing", "homelessness", "is", "an", "important", "objective", ".", "This", "will", "require", "us", "to", "develop", "a", "much", "more", "sophisticated", "understanding", "of", "the", "dynamics", "of", "homelessness", "than", "we", "currently", "possess", ",", "an", "understanding", "that", "can", "be", "developed", "only", "through", "careful", "study", "and", "research", ".", "William", "R.", "Breakey", "M.D.", "Pamela", "J.", "Fischer", "M.D.", "Department", "of", "Psychiatry", "Johns", "Hopkins", "University", "School", "of", "Medicine", "Baltimore", "A", "study", "by", "Tulane", "Prof.", "James", "Wright", "says", "homelessness", "is", "due", "to", "a", "complex", "array", "of", "problems", ",", "with", "the", "common", "thread", "of", "poverty", ".", "The", "study", "shows", "that", "nearly", "40", "%", "of", "the", "homeless", "population", "is", "made", "up", "of", "women", "and", "children", "and", "that", "only", "25", "%", "of", "the", "homeless", "exhibits", "some", "combination", "of", "drug", ",", "alcohol", "and", "mental", "problems", ".", "According", "to", "Dr.", "Wright", ",", "homelessness", "is", "``", "simultaneously", "a", "housing", "problem", ",", "an", "employment", "problem", ",", "a", "demographic", "problem", ",", "a", "problem", "of", "social", "disaffiliation", ",", "a", "mental", "health", "problem", ",", "a", "family", "violence", "problem", ",", "a", "problem", "created", "by", "the", "cutbacks", "in", "social", "welfare", "spending", ",", "a", "problem", "resulting", "from", "the", "decay", "of", "the", "traditional", "nuclear", "family", ",", "and", "a", "problem", "intimately", "connected", "to", "the", "recent", "increase", "in", "the", "number", "of", "persons", "living", "below", "the", "poverty", "level", ".", "''", "Leighton", "E.", "Cluff", "M.D.", "President", "Robert", "Wood", "Johnson", "Foundation", "Princeton", ",", "N.J", ".", "To", "quote", "the", "highly", "regarded", "director", "of", "a", "privately", "funded", "drop-in", "center", "for", "the", "homeless", "in", "New", "York", ":", "``", "If", "you", "'re", "homeless", ",", "you", "do", "n't", "sleep", "for", "fear", "of", "being", "robbed", "or", "murdered", ".", "After", "your", "first", "three", "weeks", "of", "sleep", "deprivation", ",", "you", "'re", "scarcely", "in", "touch", "with", "reality", "any", "more", ";", "without", "psychiatric", "treatment", ",", "you", "may", "well", "be", "unable", "to", "fend", "for", "yourself", "ever", "again", ".", "''", "Some", "of", "the", "homeless", ",", "obviously", ",", "had", "pre-existing", "mental", "illness", "or", "addiction", ".", "But", "many", "others", "have", "fallen", "through", "cracks", "in", "the", "economy", "into", "the", "grim", ",", "brutal", "world", "of", "our", "city", "streets", ".", "Once", "there", ",", "what", "ways", "of", "escape", "are", "open", "to", "them", "other", "than", "drink", ",", "drugs", "or", "insanity", "?", "Maxwell", "R.D.", "Vos", "Brooklyn", ",", "N.Y", ".", "You", "dismiss", "as", "``", "sentimental", "''", "the", "view", "that", "the", "reduction", "of", "federal", "housing-assistance", "programs", "by", "77", "%", "might", "have", "played", "a", "significant", "role", "in", "the", "increased", "number", "of", "men", "and", "women", "sleeping", "on", "our", "city", "streets", "during", "the", "Reagan-Bush", "years", ".", "There", "is", "no", "sign", "that", "you", "bothered", "to", "consider", "the", "inverse", "of", "your", "logic", ":", "namely", ",", "that", "mental", "illness", "and", "substance", "abuse", "might", "be", "to", "some", "degree", "consequences", "rather", "than", "causes", "of", "homelessness", ".", "Your", "research", "stopped", "when", "a", "convenient", "assertion", "could", "be", "made", ".", "Robert", "S.", "Jenkins", "Cambridge", ",", "Mass", ".", "Of", "the", "approximately", "200", "sponsors", "of", "the", "recent", "march", "in", "Washington", "for", "the", "homeless", ",", "you", "chose", "to", "cite", "such", "groups", "as", "the", "National", "Association", "of", "Home", "Builders", "and", "the", "International", "Union", "of", "Bricklayers", "and", "Allied", "Craftsmen", ",", "insinuating", "that", "the", "march", "got", "its", "major", "support", "from", "self-serving", "groups", "that", "``", "know", "a", "good", "thing", "when", "they", "see", "it", ",", "''", "and", "that", "the", "crusade", "was", "based", "on", "greed", "or", "the", "profit", "motive", ".", "But", "is", "n't", "the", 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"U.S.", ".", "Recently", "Saudi", "Arabia", "and", "Venezuela", ",", "traditional", "heavy-crude", "producers", ",", "have", "boasted", "of", "new", "finds", "of", "light", ",", "low-sulfur", "oil", "by", "their", "national", "oil", "companies", ".", "Venezuela", "has", "also", "earmarked", "$", "200", "million", "in", "new", "money", "for", "light-crude", "exploration", ".", "And", "some", "oil", "companies", "are", "trying", "to", "lock", "in", "future", "supplies", ".", "Typical", "is", "Ente", "Nazionale", "Idrocarburi", ",", "Italy", "'s", "state-owned", "energy", "company", ",", "which", "not", "long", "ago", "acquired", "through", "its", "AGIP", "oil", "subsidiary", "a", "5", "%", "share", "in", "the", "consortium", "accounting", "for", "half", "of", "Nigeria", "'s", "oil", "output", ".", "AGIP", "already", "has", "an", "oil", "stake", "in", "Libya", ".", "Both", "countries", "produce", "high-quality", ",", "low-sulfur", "crudes", "especially", "suited", "to", "making", "high-octane", "motor", "fuel", "at", "minimum", "refining", "cost", ".", "Franco", "Reviglio", ",", "ENI", "chairman", ",", "looks", "for", "sweeping", "structural", "change", "in", "the", "oil", "industry", "--", "he", "calls", "it", "a", "``", "revolution", "''", "requiring", "huge", "investments", "--", "as", "a", "result", "of", "environmental", "issues", ".", "He", "made", "a", "special", "trip", "to", "examine", "U.S.", "environmental", "trends", "because", "they", "are", "often", "followed", "in", "Europe", ".", "ENI", "needs", "to", "know", "what", "'s", "coming", "as", "it", "prepares", "to", "spend", "some", "$", "1.3", "billion", "on", "upgrading", "its", "refineries", ",", "he", "says", ".", "Oil", "companies", "world-wide", "will", "have", "``", "to", "spend", "a", "lot", "of", "money", "for", "the", "cleaner", "fuels", "that", "will", "be", "required", ",", "''", "says", "John", "H.", "Lichtblau", ",", "the", "president", "of", "the", "Petroleum", "Industry", "Research", 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"stock-index", "futures", "on", "the", "verge", "of", "closing", "for", "a", "second", "and", "final", "time", ",", "the", "CBOE", "reasoned", "that", "its", "best", "course", "was", "to", "remain", "closed", ".", "The", "damage", "was", "so", "bad", "at", "Fossett", "Corp.", ",", "an", "options", "trading", "firm", "here", ",", "that", "it", "was", "forced", "to", "transfer", "its", "accounts", "to", "First", "Options", "of", "Chicago", ",", "a", "unit", "of", "Continental", "Bank", "Corp.", ",", "as", "a", "result", "of", "options", "trading", "losses", ".", "Fosset", "so", "far", "is", "the", "only", "member", "of", "a", "financial", "exchange", "to", "be", "forced", "to", "be", "taken", "over", "by", "another", "firm", "as", "a", "result", "of", "Friday", "'s", "rout", ".", "Fossett", "still", "had", "several", "million", "dollars", "in", "capital", "left", "after", "Friday", "'s", "close", "of", "trading", ",", "but", "not", "enough", "that", "regulators", ",", "worried", "about", "another", "potential", "market", "plunge", "yesterday", ",", "would", "let", "it", "reopen", "for", "trading", ",", "options", "exchange", "officials", "said", ".", "Thus", ",", "in", "an", "unprecedented", "arrangement", "underscoring", "the", "seriousness", "of", "the", "transfer", ",", "the", "CBOE", ",", "the", "American", "Stock", "Exchange", "and", "the", "Options", "Clearing", "Corp.", ",", "as", "well", "as", "the", "firm", "'s", "owner", ",", "Stephen", "Fossett", ",", "put", "up", "a", "total", "of", "$", "50", "million", "to", "guarantee", "the", "customer", "positions", "being", "transferred", "to", "the", "bank", "holding", "company", "subsidiary", "in", "case", "the", "market", "plunged", "again", "yesterday", ".", "S.", "Waite", "Rawls", "III", ",", "vice", "chairman", "of", "Continental", "Bank", ",", "First", "Options", "'", "parent", "company", ",", "said", "the", "firm", "took", "on", "about", "160", "accounts", "formerly", "held", "by", "Fossett", ",", "almost", "all", "of", "them", "belonging", "to", "professional", "floor", "traders", ".", "``", "Steve", "and", "his", "firm", "were", "still", "worth", "a", "lot", "of", "money", ",", "''", "Mr.", "Rawls", "said", ".", "``", "A", "package", "of", "credit", "support", "was", "put", "together", "--", "including", "the", "assets", "of", "Steve", "and", "his", "firm", ".", "''", "The", "bailout", "was", "cobbled", "together", "over", "the", "weekend", ",", "with", "officials", "from", "the", "Federal", "Reserve", "Board", ",", "Securities", "and", "Exchange", "Commission", ",", "Comptroller", "of", "the", "Currency", "and", "Treasury", "as", "well", "as", "the", "options", "exchanges", ".", "``", "It", "was", "great", "to", "have", "the", "luxury", "of", "time", ",", "''", "Mr.", "Rawls", "said", ".", "At", "one", "point", ",", "an", "options", "industry", "official", "had", "to", "talk", "the", "Federal", "Reserve", "Bank", "of", "Chicago", "'s", "night", "watchman", "into", "giving", "him", "the", "home", "phone", "number", "of", "Silas", "Keene", ",", "Chicago", "Fed", "president", ".", "First", "Options", "did", "n't", "have", "to", "put", "any", "money", "into", "the", "bailout", ".", "Yesterday", "'s", "rally", "in", "the", "stock", ",", "futures", "and", "options", "markets", "led", "CBOE", "and", "Amex", "officials", "to", "conclude", "that", "the", "$", "50", "million", "in", "guarantees", "almost", "certainly", "wo", "n't", "need", "to", "be", "tapped", "by", "First", "Options", ".", "The", "Fossett", "firm", "had", "some", "losses", "and", "liquidity", "problems", "during", "the", "October", "1987", "crash", "as", "well", ",", "Mr.", "Rawls", "said", ".", "A", "federal", "official", "said", "that", "Continental", "Bank", "worked", "with", "securities", "and", "banking", "regulators", "over", "the", "weekend", "to", "fashion", "the", "Fossett", "bailout", ",", "but", "that", "conditions", "were", "n't", "dictated", "by", "those", "agencies", ".", "``", "It", "was", "their", "business", "decision", ",", "''", "the", "official", "said", ".", "Officials", "at", "Options", "Clearing", "Corp.", ",", "which", "processes", "all", "options", "trades", "for", "U.S.", "exchanges", ",", "said", "that", "the", "$", "50", "million", "guarantee", "was", "unprecedented", ",", "but", "was", "necessary", "to", "help", "insure", "the", "integrity", "of", "the", "options", "markets", ".", "``", "It", "was", "an", "extraordinary", "situation", "that", "needed", "extraordinary", "steps", ",", "''", "said", "Paul", "Stevens", ",", "OCC", "president", "and", "chief", "operating", "officer", ".", "Mr.", "Stevens", "declined", "to", "give", "the", "specific", "contributions", "to", "the", "$", "50", "million", "guarantee", "from", "each", "participant", ".", "But", "CBOE", "and", "Amex", "officials", "said", "that", "Options", "Clearing", "Corp.", "contributed", "$", "20", "million", "to", "the", "guarantee", ",", "the", "CBOE", "put", "up", "$", "8", "million", ",", "the", "Amex", "added", "$", "4", "million", "and", "$", "18", "million", "came", "from", "Mr.", "Fossett", "'s", "own", "assets", ".", "Mr.", "Fossett", "could", "n't", "be", "reached", "to", "comment", "." ]
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"nummod", "obl", "case", "advmod", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "punct", "det", "amod", "nsubj", "root", "mark", "compound", "nsubj", "ccomp", "case", "obl", "cc", "compound", "conj", "case", "det", "obl", "mark", "xcomp", "det", "compound", "obj", "punct", "cc", "mark", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "advmod", "conj", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "cop", "nmod:poss", "compound", "ccomp", "punct", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "punct", "nsubj", "case", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "det", "compound", "obj", "case", "compound", "obl", "punct", "root", "mark", "det", "amod", "compound", "nummod", "nsubj", "cop", "ccomp", "punct", "cc", "cop", "conj", "mark", "xcomp", "ccomp", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "cop", "det", "amod", "ccomp", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "amod", "obj", "punct", "punct", "root", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "dep", "appos", "cc", "amod", "amod", "conj", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "mark", "xcomp", "det", "amod", "obj", "case", "det", "amod", "compound", "nummod", "nmod", "case", "det", "nmod", "punct", "cc", "compound", "cc", "conj", "nsubj", "root", "mark", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "ccomp", "obj", "compound", "nummod", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "ccomp", "compound:prt", "obj", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "conj", "obj", "compound", "nummod", "cc", "nsubj", "compound", "nummod", "conj", "case", "compound", "nmod:poss", "case", "amod", "obl", "punct", "compound", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "advmod", "aux:pass", "root", "mark", "xcomp", "punct" ]
[ "Deeply", "ingrained", "in", "both", "the", "book", "review", "``", "Kissing", "Nature", "Good-bye", "''", "by", "Stephen", "MacDonald", "(", "Leisure", "&", "Arts", ",", "Sept.", "27", ")", "and", "the", "books", "reviewed", "is", "the", "assumption", "that", "global", "warming", "is", "entirely", "a", "result", "of", "human", "activity", ".", "Is", "such", "a", "view", "justified", "?", "In", "the", "absence", "of", "humans", ",", "would", "the", "Earth", "enjoy", "a", "constant", "climate", "over", "the", "long", "term", "?", "Clearly", "not", ".", "About", "20,000", "years", "ago", "the", "last", "ice", "age", "ended", ".", "Enormous", "ice", "sheets", "retreated", "from", "the", "face", "of", "North", "America", ",", "northern", "Europe", "and", "Asia", ".", "This", "global", "warming", "must", "have", "been", "entirely", "natural", "--", "nobody", "would", "blame", "it", "on", "a", "few", "hundred", "thousand", "hunter-gatherers", "hunting", "mammoths", "and", "scratching", "around", "in", "caves", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "no", "bell", "has", "yet", "rung", "to", "announce", "the", "end", "of", "this", "immense", "episode", "of", "natural", "global", "warming", ".", "It", "is", "probably", "continuing", "and", "may", "well", "account", "for", "most", "of", ",", "or", "all", "of", ",", "present-day", "global", "warming", ".", "I", "bow", "to", "no", "one", "in", "my", "regard", "for", "our", "terrestrial", "heritage", ",", "but", "if", "we", "are", "serious", "about", "global", "warming", "we", "must", "look", "at", "the", "big", "picture", "and", "not", "allow", "the", "Dominant", "Culture", "to", "lock", "us", "into", "the", "capitalist-exploiters-greedy-American-consumers-global", "-", "warming", "scenario", "as", "the", "sole", "model", "for", "discussion", ".", "Jocelyn", "Tomkin", "Astronomy", "Department", "University", "of" ]
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[ "advmod", "dep", "case", "cc:preconj", "det", "compound", "dep", "punct", "obl", "iobj", "obj", "punct", "case", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "dep", "cc", "conj", "punct", "obl:tmod", "nummod", "punct", "cc", "det", "conj", "acl", "root", "det", "nsubj", "mark", "amod", "nsubj", "cop", "advmod", "det", "ccomp", "case", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "aux:pass", "amod", "det", "nsubj:pass", "root", "punct", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "nmod", "punct", "aux", "det", "nsubj", "root", "det", "amod", "obj", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "punct", "advmod", "root", "punct", "amod", "nummod", "advmod", "case", "det", "amod", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "punct", "amod", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "amod", "conj", "cc", "conj", "punct", "det", "amod", "nsubj", "aux", "aux", "cop", "advmod", "root", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "parataxis", "obj", "case", "det", "amod", "nummod", "nummod", "obl", "dep", "obj", "cc", "conj", "dep", "case", "obl", "punct", "advmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "root", "mark", "xcomp", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "case", "amod", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "root", "cc", "aux", "advmod", "conj", "case", "obl", "acl", "punct", "cc", "conj", "acl", "punct", "amod", "amod", "conj", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "nmod:poss", "obl", "case", "nmod:poss", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "cc", "mark", "nsubj", "cop", "advcl", "case", "amod", "obl", "nsubj", "aux", "conj", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "cc", "advmod", "conj", "det", "compound", "obj", "mark", "xcomp", "obj", "case", "det", "amod", "punct", "compound", "obl", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "case", "nmod", "punct", "compound", "root", "compound", "dep", "dep", "acl" ]
[ "Economist", "David", "N.", "Laband", "'s", "Sept.", "27", "editorial-page", "article", ",", "``", "In", "Hugo", "'s", "Path", ",", "a", "Man-Made", "Disaster", ",", "''", "decries", "the", "control", "of", "price", "gouging", ",", "swiftly", "ordered", "by", "South", "Carolina", "'s", "governor", "after", "Hurricane", "Hugo", ".", "According", "to", "Mr.", "Laband", ",", "``", "screaming", "''", "for", "price", "controls", "occurs", "when", "income", "redistribution", "``", "threatens", "to", "hit", "home", ".", "''", "To", "be", "sure", ",", "the", "threat", "has", "hit", "home", "down", "here", ".", "Yet", "in", "Mr.", "Laband", "'s", "rehash", "of", "free-market", "logic", ",", "human", "greed", "and", "self-interest", "are", "the", "only", "permissible", "psychological", "reactions", ".", "Allowing", "uncontrolled", "prices", "for", "necessities", "would", "indeed", "shorten", "the", "lines", "at", "stores", ",", "as", "he", "contends", ".", "But", "not", "because", "resources", "are", "going", "to", "their", "most", "efficient", "use", ",", "leaving", "scarce", "goods", "``", "allocated", "to", "those", "buyers", "who", "place", "the", "highest", "value", "on", "them", ".", "''", "Rather", ",", "lines", "would", "diminish", "because", "at", "higher", "prices", "many", "victims", "could", "not", "afford", "necessities", "such", "as", "food", "and", "medical", "supplies", ".", "It", "is", "inhumane", "to", "imply", "that", "a", "poor", ",", "unemployed", "woman", "can", "not", "receive", "immediate", "relief", "for", "her", "family", "at", "fair", "prices", "because", "she", "does", "not", "have", "as", "much", "to", "protect", "as", "a", "rich", "family", ".", "Moreover", ",", "essential", "relief", "supplies", "such", "as", "ice", "must", "be", "distributed", "throughout", "the", "population", "because", "of", "potential", "health", "problems", "from", "spoiled", "food", "and", "possible", "outbreak", "of", "disease", ".", "Such", "spillover", "effects", "give", "the", "state", "a", "right", "to", "intervene", "in", "the", "marketplace", "and", "temporarily", "coordinate", "allocation", "of", "resources", ".", "Fortunately", ",", "volunteers", "and", "charities", "are", "not", "motivated", "by", "self-interest", ",", "but", "by", "altruism", ".", "Why", "should", "they", "have", "to", "co-exist", "with", "opportunists", "rushing", "in", "to", "turn", "a", "quick", "profit", "?", "These", "latter-day", "scalawags", "would", "be", "ill-advised", "to", "take", "advantage", "of", "the", "situation", ",", "if", "they", "ever", "expect", "to", "face", "the", "people", "of", "South", "Carolina", "again", ".", "The", "government", "is", "actually", "protecting", "avaricious", "ice-baggers", "and", "other", "profiteers", "who", "can", "not", "see", "beyond", "their", "own", "short-term", "gain", ".", "South", "Carolina", "deserves", "an", "A", "for", "its", "quick", "and", "timely", "relief", "efforts", ".", "Mr.", "Laband", ",", "meanwhile", ",", "gets", "an", "A", "for", "his", "rote", "recital", "of", "economic-efficiency", "arguments", ".", "Give", "him", "an", "F", "for", "his", "failure", "to", "understand", "the", "ethics", "of", "economic", "equity", ".", "Signed", "by", "25", "students", "Of", "Douglas", "Woodward", "'s", "Honors", "Economics", "Class", ",", "University", "of", "South", "Carolina", "Columbia", ",", "S.C", ".", "Mr.", "Laband", "gives", "us", "an", "idea", "why", "economists", "'", "predictions", "are", "usually", "wrong", ".", "They", "set", "up", "absurd", "situations", ",", "detached", "from", "reality", ",", "and", "then", "try", "to", "reason", "from", "them", ".", "I", "'m", "surprised", "he", "did", "n't", "advocate", "letting", "people", "loot", ",", "since", "that", "behavior", "can", "also", "be", "foreseen", "in", "a", "disaster", "and", "``", "every", "individual", "has", "an", "incentive", "to", "alter", "the", "distribution", "of", "income", "in", "his", "favor", ".", "''", "Price", "controls", "were", "``", "so", "fervently", "embraced", "by", "Charleston", "''", "because", "price", "gouging", "in", "this", "situation", "is", "equivalent", "to", "looting", ".", "Suzanne", "Foster", "Galax", ",", "Va", ".", "Mr.", "Laband", "described", "one", "of", "the", "more", "insidious", "threats", "we", "face", "when", "dealing", "with", "disasters", "such", "as", "Hugo", "--", "anti-profiteering", "ordinances", "such", "as", "that", "by", "the", "Charleston", "City", "Council", "as", "it", "thrashed", "about", "trying", "to", "Do", "Something", ".", "Since", "he", "concentrated", "on", "the", "economic", "folly", "of", "such", "ordinances", ",", "he", "did", "n't", "mention", "certain", "other", "of", "their", "effects", ".", "They", "divert", "law-enforcement", "resources", "at", "a", "time", "they", "are", "most", "needed", "for", "protecting", "lives", "and", "property", ".", "Also", ",", "rather", "than", "increase", "supplies", ",", "they", "reduce", "them", "and", "encourage", "hoarding", ".", "And", "they", ",", "or", "even", "the", "prospect", "of", "them", ",", "discourage", "disaster", "preparedness", "in", "the", "form", "of", "speculative", "advance", "stocking", "of", "supplies", "by", "merchants", ".", "N.", "Joseph", "Potts", "Miami", "Lakes", ",", "Fla", ".", "Would", "Mr.", "Laband", "also", "suggest", "that", "the", "Red", "Cross", ",", "Salvation", "Army", ",", "military", "units", ",", "police", ",", "fire", "departments", ",", "rescue", "units", "and", "individual", "citizens", "cease", "their", "efforts", "to", "assist", "Hugo", "'s", "victims", "because", "they", "interfere", "with", "his", "concept", "of", "the", "``", "free", "market", "''", "?", "What", "about", "those", "caring", "people", "all", "over", "the", "country", "who", "are", "donating", "food", ",", "water", "and", "other", "necessities", "of", "life", "to", "these", "people", "who", "could", "be", "any", "of", "us", "?", "Should", "they", ",", "too", ",", "stop", "``", "messing", "with", "''", "his", "free", "market", "?", "Maybe", "he", "thinks", "they", "should", "also", "sell", "to", "the", "highest", "bidder", ".", "And", "what", "about", "insurance", "firms", "?", "Should", "they", "be", "required", "to", "pay", "claims", "based", "on", "exorbitant", "costs", "for", "labor", "and", "materials", "?", "Mr.", "Laband", "should", "beware", ",", "since", "he", "lives", "in", "South", "Carolina", ".", "In", "a", "free", "market", ",", "his", "insurance", "rates", "can", "be", "raised", "to", "recover", "insurance-company", "losses", ".", "John", "W.", "Rush", "Marietta", ",", "Ga", ".", "Having", "been", "through", "several", "tornadoes", "and", "hurricanes", ",", "I", "have", "a", "different", "perspective", ".", "Mine", "comes", "from", "seeing", "thriving", "communities", "devastated", "--", "but", "only", "temporarily", ".", "Their", "recovery", "came", "surprisingly", "fast", ",", "and", "always", "with", "the", "help", "of", "neighbors", ".", "The", "shock", "of", "seeing", "homes", "destroyed", "and", "city", "services", "disrupted", "may", "cause", "some", "to", "confuse", "priorities", "such", "as", "the", "true", "economic", "value", "of", "a", "freezer", "full", "of", "meat", ".", "In", "Texas", "after", "Hurricane", "Alicia", ",", "major", "grocery", "chains", "used", "their", "truck", "fleets", "to", "ship", "essential", "goods", "to", "Houston", ",", "no", "gouging", ",", "just", "good", "will", ".", "Tom", "Mongan", "Victoria", ",", "Texas", "We", "here", "in", "the", "affected", "areas", "were", "dazzled", "by", "Mr.", "Laband", "'s", "analysis", "of", "time", "values", "and", "his", "comparisons", "of", "effectiveness", "concerning", "research", "and", "development", ".", "His", "theoretical", "approach", "and", "its", "publication", "in", "this", "venerable", "paper", "are", "no", "doubt", "a", "noteworthy", "accomplishment", "for", "him", ".", "Too", "bad", "theory", "fails", "in", "practice", ".", "We", 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"learn", "that", "speed", "and", "quality", "are", "not", "a", "trade-off", ".", "Speed", "is", "a", "component", "of", "quality", "--", "one", "of", "the", "things", "we", "must", "deliver", "to", "satisfy", "customers", ".", "''", "Companies", "that", "actually", "market", "speed", "as", "part", "of", "their", "service", "train", "their", "managers", "to", "lead", "and", "participate", "in", "teams", "that", "increase", "speed", "and", "improve", "quality", "in", "everyday", "operations", ".", "Managers", "learn", "to", "spot", "opportunities", "to", "increase", "customer", "satisfaction", "through", "speed", ",", "and", "shift", "some", "responsibility", "for", "analyzing", ",", "improving", "and", "streamlining", "work", "processes", "from", "themselves", "to", "teams", "of", "employees", ".", "One", "team", "at", "the", "Federal", "Express", "Ground", "Operations", "station", "in", "Natick", ",", "Mass.", ",", "focused", "on", "a", "particularly", "time-sensitive", "operation", ":", "the", "morning", "package", "sort", ".", "Every", "morning", ",", "tractor-trailer", "trucks", "arrive", "at", "the", "Natick", "Ground", "Station", "from", "Boston", "'s", "Logan", "Airport", ",", "carrying", "the", "day", "'s", "package", "load", ".", "In", "peak", "periods", "that", "load", "may", "include", "4,000", "pieces", ".", "The", "packages", "must", "be", "sorted", "quickly", "and", "distributed", "to", "smaller", "vans", "for", "delivery", ",", "so", "couriers", "can", "be", "on", "the", "road", "by", "8:35", ".", "No", "customer", "is", "present", "at", "the", "morning", "package", "sort", ",", "but", "the", "process", "is", "nevertheless", "critical", "to", "customer", "satisfaction", ".", "``", "We", "'re", "committed", "to", "deliver", "the", "customer", "'s", "package", "by", "a", "stated", "time", ",", "usually", "10:30", ",", "''", "notes", "Glenn", "Mortimer", ",", "a", "Federal", "Express", "courier", "who", "led", "the", "Natick", "team", ".", "``", "The", 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[ "If", "there", "'s", "somethin'", "strange", "in", "your", "neighborhood", "...", "If", "there", "'s", "something", "'", "weird", "and", "it", "do", "n't", "look", "good", ".", "Who", "ya", "gon", "na", "call", "?", "For", "starters", ",", "some", "people", "call", "Ed", "and", "Lorraine", "Warren", ".", "When", "it", "comes", "to", "busting", "ghosts", ",", "the", "Monroe", ",", "Conn.", ",", "couple", "are", "perfect", "demons", ".", "They", "claim", "to", "have", "busted", "spirits", ",", "poltergeists", "and", "other", "spooks", "in", "hundreds", "of", "houses", "around", "the", "country", ".", "They", "say", "they", "now", "get", "three", "or", "four", "``", "legitimate", "''", "calls", "a", "week", "from", "people", "harried", "by", "haunts", ".", "``", "I", "firmly", "believe", "in", "angels", ",", "devils", "and", "ghosts", ",", "''", "says", "Mr.", "Warren", ",", "whose", "business", "card", "identifies", "him", "as", "a", "``", "demonologist", ".", "''", "If", "psychics", 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"turned", "itself", "on", ",", "a", "telephone", "flew", "off", "its", "stand", ",", "doors", "slammed", "inexplicably", ",", "and", "she", "heard", "footsteps", "in", "her", "empty", "kitchen", ".", "``", "I", "was", "doing", "the", "laundry", "and", "nearly", "broke", "my", "neck", "running", "upstairs", "to", "see", "who", "was", "there", ",", "and", "it", "was", "nobody", ",", "''", "she", "says", ",", "eyes", "wide", "at", "the", "recollection", ".", "Mr.", "Baker", "hears", "her", "out", ",", "pokes", "around", "a", "bit", ",", "asks", "a", "few", "questions", "and", "proposes", "some", "explanations", ".", "Of", "the", "self-starting", "vacuum", "cleaner", ",", "he", "says", ":", "``", "Could", "be", "Cuddles", ",", "-LCB-", "Mrs.", "Stinnett", "'s", "dog", "-RCB-", ".", "''", "The", "flying", "telephone", ":", "``", "You", "tangle", "the", "base", "cord", "around", "a", "chair", "leg", ",", "and", "the", "receiver", "does", "seem", "to", "fly", "off", ".", "''", "The", 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"Hyman", "has", "investigated", "claims", "of", "flying", "cats", ",", "apparitions", "and", "bouncing", "chandeliers", "and", "has", "come", "up", "with", "a", "plausible", "explanation", ",", "he", "says", ",", "for", "every", "one", ".", "``", "Invariably", ",", "''", "he", "says", ",", "``", "eyewitnesses", "are", "untrustworthy", ".", "''", "Two", "years", "ago", ",", "a", "Canadian", "reader", "bet", "Omni", "Magazine", "$", "1,000", "that", "it", "could", "n't", "debunk", "the", "uncanny", "goings-on", "in", "``", "the", "Oregon", "Vortex", ",", "''", "a", "former", "Indian", "burial", "ground", "in", "southern", "Oregon", ".", "To", "viewers", "from", "a", "distance", ",", "visitors", "to", "the", "spot", "seemed", "to", "shrink", "disproportionately", ",", "relative", "to", "the", "background", ".", "The", "magazine", "called", "in", "Mr.", "Hyman", "as", "a", "consultant", ".", "He", "showed", "up", "with", "a", "carpenter", "'s", "level", ",", "carefully", "measured", 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[ "StatesWest", "Airlines", "said", "it", "submitted", "an", "offer", "to", "the", "directors", "of", "Mesa", "Airlines", "to", "acquire", "the", "Farmington", ",", "N.M.", ",", "carrier", ".", "Except", "to", "characterize", "its", "offer", "as", "``", "fair", "and", "generous", "and", "in", "the", "best", "interests", "of", "Mesa", "shareholders", ",", "''", "StatesWest", "declined", "to", "discuss", "details", "of", "its", "proposal", ".", "It", "also", "asked", "Mesa", "to", "keep", "the", "proposal", "confidential", ".", "A", "Mesa", "official", "confirmed", "receipt", "of", "the", "offer", "and", "said", "directors", "would", "meet", "to", "consider", "it", ".", "Last", "week", ",", "Mesa", "rejected", "a", "proposal", "by", "StatesWest", "to", "acquire", "it", "or", "merge", ".", "StatesWest", "has", "a", "7.25", "%", "stake", "in", "Mesa", ",", "which", "operates", "20", "twin-engine", "and", "two", "single-engine", "turboprops", "among", "42", "cities", "in", "New", "Mexico", ",", "Arizona", ",", "Wyoming", ",", "Colorado", "and", "Texas", ".", "StatesWest", "operates", "four", "twin-engine", "turboprop", "aircraft", ",", "connecting", "10", "cities", "in", "California", ",", "Arizona", "and", "Nevada", ".", "The", "carrier", "has", "n't", "yet", "turned", "a", "profit", "." ]
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[ "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "ccomp", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "compound", "nmod", "mark", "advcl", "det", "compound", "punct", "dep", "punct", "obj", "punct", "mark", "mark", "advcl", "nmod:poss", "obj", "case", "punct", "advcl", "cc", "conj", "cc", "case", "det", "amod", "conj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "mark", "xcomp", "obj", "case", "nmod:poss", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "advmod", "root", "obj", "mark", "xcomp", "det", "nsubj", "xcomp", "punct", "det", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "obj", "case", "det", "nmod", "cc", "conj", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "mark", "xcomp", "obj", "punct", "amod", "obl:tmod", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "det", "obj", "case", "nmod", "mark", "acl", "obj", "cc", "conj", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "det", "compound", "amod", "obj", "case", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "compound", "obj", "cc", "nummod", "amod", "conj", "case", "nummod", "obl", "case", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "conj", "punct", "conj", "punct", "conj", "cc", "conj", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "nummod", "amod", "compound", "obj", "punct", "advcl", "nummod", "obj", "case", "nmod", "punct", "conj", "cc", "conj", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "advmod", "root", "det", "obj", "punct" ]
[ "ALAMCO", "Inc.", "said", "its", "board", "has", "approved", "a", "1-for-10", "reverse", "stock", "split", ".", "The", "Clarksburg", ",", "W.Va.", ",", "producer", "of", "gas", "and", "oil", ",", "said", "it", "wants", "shareholders", "to", "approve", "the", "split", "because", "it", "would", "``", "enhance", "the", "marketability", "''", "and", "trading", "of", "the", "stock", ".", "If", "approved", "at", "a", "shareholder", "meeting", "in", "December", ",", "the", "number", "of", "shares", "outstanding", "would", "decrease", "to", "five", "million", "from", "50", "million", ",", "and", "par", "value", "would", "rise", "to", "10", "cents", "from", "a", "penny", "." ]
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[ "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nmod:poss", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "det", "amod", "compound", "compound", "obj", "punct", "det", "compound", "punct", "dep", "punct", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "cc", "conj", "punct", "root", "nsubj", "ccomp", "obj", "mark", "xcomp", "det", "obj", "mark", "nsubj", "aux", "punct", "advcl", "det", "obj", "punct", "cc", "conj", "case", "det", "nmod", "punct", "mark", "advcl", "case", "det", "compound", "obl", "case", "nmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "amod", "aux", "root", "case", "compound", "obl", "case", "compound", "obl", "punct", "cc", "amod", "nsubj", "aux", "conj", "case", "nummod", "obl", "case", "det", "obl", "punct" ]
[ "Cetus", "Corp.", "said", "the", "government", "of", "Spain", "approved", "the", "marketing", "of", "its", "Proleukin", "interleukin-2", "drug", "to", "treat", "kidney", "cancer", ".", "The", "biotechnology", "concern", "said", "Spanish", "authorities", "must", "still", "clear", "the", "price", "for", "the", "treatment", ",", "but", "that", "it", "expects", "to", "receive", "such", "approval", "by", "year", "end", ".", "Four", "other", "countries", "in", "Europe", "have", "approved", "Proleukin", "in", "recent", "months", ".", "Cetus", "is", "currently", "trying", "to", "obtain", "federal", "regulatory", "clearance", "for", "U.S.", "distribution", "." ]
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[ "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "ccomp", "det", "obj", "case", "nmod:poss", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "mark", "acl", "compound", "obj", "punct", "det", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "amod", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "ccomp", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "nmod", "punct", "cc", "mark", "nsubj", "conj", "mark", "xcomp", "amod", "obj", "case", "compound", "obl", "punct", "nummod", "amod", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "aux", "root", "obj", "case", "amod", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "root", "mark", "xcomp", "amod", "amod", "obj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "punct" ]
[ "Electronic", "theft", "by", "foreign", "and", "industrial", "spies", "and", "disgruntled", "employees", "is", "costing", "U.S.", "companies", "billions", "and", "eroding", "their", "international", "competitive", "advantage", ".", "That", "was", "the", "message", "delivered", "by", "government", "and", "private", "security", "experts", "at", "an", "all-day", "conference", "on", "corporate", "electronic", "espionage", ".", "``", "Hostile", "and", "even", "friendly", "nations", "routinely", "steal", "information", "from", "U.S.", "companies", "and", "share", "it", "with", "their", "own", "companies", ",", "''", "said", "Noel", "D.", "Matchett", ",", "a", "former", "staffer", "at", "the", "federal", "National", "Security", "Agency", "and", "now", "president", "of", "Information", "Security", "Inc.", ",", "Silver", "Spring", ",", "Md", ".", "It", "``", "may", "well", "be", "''", "that", "theft", "of", "business", "data", "is", "``", "as", "serious", "a", "strategic", "threat", "to", "national", "security", "''", "as", "it", "is", "a", "threat", "to", "the", "survival", "of", "victimized", "U.S.", "firms", ",", "said", "Michelle", "Van", "Cleave", ",", "the", "White", "House", "'s", "assistant", "director", "for", "National", "Security", "Affairs", ".", "The", "conference", "was", "jointly", "sponsored", "by", "the", "New", "York", "Institute", "of", "Technology", "School", "of", "Management", "and", "the", "Armed", "Forces", "Communications", "and", "Electronics", "Association", ",", "a", "joint", "industry-government", "trade", "group", ".", "Any", "secret", "can", "be", "pirated", ",", "the", "experts", "said", ",", "if", "it", "is", "transmitted", "over", "the", "air", ".", "Even", "rank", "amateurs", "can", "do", "it", "if", "they", "spend", "a", "few", "thousand", "dollars", "for", "a", "commercially", "available", "microwave", "receiver", "with", "amplifier", "and", "a", "VCR", "recorder", ".", "They", "need", "only", "position", "themselves", "near", "a", "company", "'s", "satellite", "dish", "and", "wait", ".", "``", "You", "can", "have", "a", "dozen", "competitors", "stealing", "your", "secrets", "at", "the", "same", "time", ",", "''", "Mr.", "Matchett", "said", ",", "adding", ":", "``", "It", "'s", "a", "pretty", "good", "bet", "they", "wo", "n't", "get", "caught", ".", "''", "The", "only", "way", "to", "catch", "an", "electronic", "thief", ",", "he", "said", ",", "is", "to", "set", "him", "up", "with", "erroneous", "information", ".", "Even", "though", "electronic", "espionage", "may", "cost", "U.S.", "firms", "billions", "of", "dollars", "a", "year", ",", "most", "are", "n't", "yet", "taking", "precautions", ",", "the", "experts", "said", ".", "By", "contrast", ",", "European", "firms", "will", "spend", "$", "150", "million", "this", "year", "on", "electronic", "security", ",", "and", "are", "expected", "to", "spend", "$", "1", "billion", "by", "1992", ".", "Already", "many", "foreign", "firms", ",", "especially", "banks", ",", "have", "their", "own", "cryptographers", ",", "conference", "speakers", "reported", ".", "Still", ",", "encrypting", "corporate", "communications", "is", "only", "a", "partial", "remedy", ".", "One", "expert", ",", "whose", "job", "is", "so", "politically", "sensitive", "that", "he", "spoke", "on", "condition", "that", "he", "would", "n't", "be", "named", "or", "quoted", ",", "said", "the", "expected", "influx", "of", "East", "European", "refugees", "over", "the", "next", "few", "years", "will", "greatly", "increase", "the", "chances", "of", "computer-maintenance", "workers", ",", "for", "example", ",", "doubling", "as", "foreign", "spies", ".", "Moreover", ",", "he", "said", ",", "technology", "now", "exists", "for", "stealing", "corporate", "secrets", "after", "they", "'ve", "been", "``", "erased", "''", "from", "a", "computer", "'s", "memory", ".", "He", "said", "that", "Oliver", "North", "of", "Iran-Contra", "notoriety", "thought", "he", "had", "erased", "his", "computer", "but", "that", "the", "information", "was", "later", "retrieved", "for", "congressional", "committees", "to", "read", ".", "No", "personal", "computer", ",", "not", "even", "the", "one", "on", "a", "chief", "executive", "'s", "desk", ",", "is", "safe", ",", "this", "speaker", "noted", ".", "W.", "Mark", "Goode", ",", "president", "of", "Micronyx", "Inc.", ",", "a", "Richardson", ",", "Texas", ",", "firm", "that", "makes", "computer-security", "products", ",", "provided", "a", "new", "definition", "for", "Mikhail", "Gorbachev", "'s", "campaign", "for", "greater", "openness", ",", "known", "commonly", "as", "glasnost", ".", "Under", "Mr.", "Gorbachev", ",", "Mr.", "Goode", "said", ",", "the", "Soviets", "are", "openly", "stealing", "Western", "corporate", "communications", ".", "He", "cited", "the", "case", "of", "a", "Swiss", "oil", "trader", "who", "recently", "put", "out", "bids", "via", "telex", "for", "an", "oil", "tanker", "to", "pick", "up", "a", "cargo", "of", "crude", "in", "the", 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[ "Trinova", "Corp.", "said", "it", "will", "resume", "buying", "back", "as", "many", "as", "three", "million", "of", "its", "common", "shares", "under", "a", "program", "announced", "two", "years", "ago", ".", "Trinova", ",", "which", "had", "34.2", "million", "common", "shares", "outstanding", "Sept.", "30", ",", "had", "repurchased", "29,700", "shares", "since", "October", "1987", "before", "this", "latest", "announcement", ".", "The", "company", "said", "it", "is", "n't", "making", "a", "commitment", "to", "purchase", "a", "specific", "number", "of", "shares", ".", "In", "New", "York", "Stock", "Exchange", "composite", "trading", "yesterday", ",", "Trinova", "closed", "at", "$", "32.125", ",", "up", "12.5", "cents", "." ]
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[ "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "xcomp", "compound:prt", "advmod", "advmod", "advmod", "compound", "obj", "case", "nmod:poss", "amod", "nmod", "case", "det", "obl", "acl", "nummod", "obl:npmod", "advmod", "punct", "nsubj", "punct", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "compound", "nummod", "amod", "obj", "amod", "obl:tmod", "nummod", "punct", "aux", "root", "nummod", "obj", "case", "obl", "nummod", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "ccomp", "advmod", "xcomp", "det", "obj", "mark", "acl", "det", "amod", "obj", "case", "nmod", "punct", "case", "compound", "compound", "compound", "compound", "amod", "obl", "obl:tmod", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "case", "obl", "nummod", "punct", "advmod", "nummod", "obl:npmod", "punct" ]
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[ "compound", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "acl", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "compound", "obl", "punct", "root", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "det", "obj", "nsubj", "aux", "acl:relcl", "det", "obj", "case", "nmod:poss", "obl", "punct", "root", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "compound:prt", "compound", "nmod:poss", "case", "nsubj", "punct", "compound", "appos", "case", "nmod", "punct", "aux", "advmod", "dep", "det", "ccomp", "compound", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "punct", "advmod", "nsubj", "aux", "root", "mark", "xcomp", "amod", "obj", "case", "compound", "nmod:poss", "case", "nmod", "case", "obl", "case", "det", "nmod", "mark", "acl", "det", "obj", "punct", "compound", "nmod:poss", "case", "nsubj", "advmod", "root", "mark", "xcomp", "compound", "obj", "punct", "advmod", "root", "compound", "nsubj", "cc", "nmod:poss", "compound", "conj", "punct", "compound", "appos", "punct", "det", "amod", "nsubj", "root", "case", "case", "compound", "nmod:poss", "case", "obl", "case", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "appos", "case", "amod", "nmod", "case", "det", "amod", "compound", "nmod", "acl", "case", "compound", "obl", "punct", "det", "appos", "case", "det", "compound", "nmod", "acl", "case", "obl", "nummod", "mark", "advcl", "case", "det", "amod", "compound", "compound", "obl", "punct", "amod", "obl:tmod", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "parataxis", "punct", "compound", "nmod:poss", "case", "nsubj", "root", "mark", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "obj", "nummod", "case", "obl", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "cc", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "punct", "advcl", "det", "nmod:poss", "case", "obj", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "advmod", "ccomp", "case", "obl", "punct", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "punct", "xcomp", "mark", "punct", "nsubj", "cop", "advmod", "ccomp", "mark", "xcomp", "det", "amod", "obj", "punct", "punct", "advmod", "compound", "nsubj", "cc", "nmod:poss", "conj", "advcl", "mark", "nsubj", "aux", "advcl", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "parataxis", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "mark", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "mark", "xcomp", "compound", "iobj", "det", "amod", "obj", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "dep", "obj", "compound:prt", "case", "nmod:poss", "obl", "punct", "cc", "advmod", "nsubj", "aux", "conj", "case", "det", "compound", "obl", "case", "obl", "nsubj", "aux", "acl:relcl", "nmod:poss", "obj", "cc", "det", "nsubj", "aux", "conj", "det", "obj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "mark", "nsubj", "cc", "conj", "advcl", "advmod", "mark", "aux:pass", "xcomp", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "cop", "case", "root", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "ccomp", "mark", "xcomp", "compound", "obj", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "cc", "nmod:poss", "conj", "ccomp", "nsubj", "ccomp", "mark", "punct", "xcomp", "obj", "advmod", "case", "obl", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "case", "nmod:poss", "obl", "punct", "root", "mark", "det", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "ccomp", "nmod:poss", "compound", "obj", "case", "obl", "advmod", "punct", "aux", "advmod", "conj", "det", "amod", "obj", "cc", "aux", "advmod", "conj", "det", "amod", "obj", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "ccomp", "det", "obj", "punct", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "advmod", "aux:pass", "acl:relcl", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "case", "obl", "case", "det", "nmod", "punct", "advmod", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "punct", "ccomp", "det", "obj", "mark", "acl", "det", "obj", "case", "nmod", "mark", "nsubj", "advmod", "advcl", "dep", "punct", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nmod:poss", "nsubj", "cop", "punct", "advmod", "ccomp", "punct", "punct", "mark", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "advcl", "xcomp", "det", "amod", "obj", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "mark", "compound", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "aux:pass", "ccomp", "mark", "xcomp", "det", "obj", "case", "nmod", "punct", "advmod", "case", "obl", "punct" ]
[ "If", "a", "TV", "weatherman", "gets", "butterflies", "facing", "the", "camera", "again", "after", "a", "questionable", "forecast", ",", "Donald", "H.", "Straszheim", "surely", "understands", ".", "The", "chief", "economist", "of", "Merrill", "Lynch", "&", "Co.", "finds", "himself", "in", "such", "a", "position", "as", "he", "buzzes", "the", "Midwest", "on", "his", "first", "road", "trip", "since", "backpedaling", "on", "a", "major", "prediction", ".", "Mr.", "Straszheim", "expects", "he", "will", "take", "some", "heat", ",", "and", "he", "'s", "right", ".", "Since", "the", "last", "time", "he", "traveled", "this", "way", "several", "months", "ago", ",", "he", "has", "recanted", "a", "series", "of", "bold", "forecasts", "of", "a", "recession", ".", "In", "February", "1988", ",", "for", "example", ",", "Merrill", "Lynch", "'s", "weekly", "commentary", "announced", "that", "``", "the", "economy", "is", "likely", "to", "fall", "into", "recession", "in", "early", "1989", ".", "''", "The", "forecasts", "were", "widely", "disseminated", ",", "and", ",", "in", "a", "splashy", "ad", "campaign", "launched", "in", "the", "summer", "of", "1988", ",", "Merrill", "Lynch", "urged", "investors", "to", "buy", "bonds", ".", "It", "said", "long-term", "interest", "rates", ",", "then", "above", "9", "%", ",", "could", "drop", "to", "7", "%", "by", "the", "end", "of", "1989", ",", "so", "bonds", ",", "which", "benefit", "from", "falling", "rates", ",", "would", "be", "a", "good", "buy", ".", "The", "firm", "also", "raised", "the", "percentage", "of", "bonds", "in", "its", "model", "portfolio", "from", "40", "%", "to", "45", "%", "and", "later", "to", "55", "%", ".", "But", "this", "September", "--", "just", "when", "many", "market", "economists", ",", "including", "some", "at", "Merrill", "Lynch", ",", "believed", "that", "Mr.", "Straszheim", "was", "about", "to", "be", "proved", "right", "--", "he", "took", "a", "detour", "if", "not", "a", "U-turn", ".", "He", "softened", "the", "talk", "about", "a", "recession", ".", "Now", ",", "in", "fact", ",", "he", "is", "predicting", "economic", "growth", "of", "2.9", "%", "this", "year", "and", "2.1", "%", "next", "year", ",", "a", "more", "optimistic", "outlook", "than", "the", "consensus", "of", "some", "four", "dozen", "top", "forecasters", "surveyed", "by", "Blue", "Chip", "Economic", "Indicators", "newsletter", ".", "And", ",", "just", "recently", ",", "Merrill", "Lynch", "cut", "the", "recommended", "bondholdings", "back", "to", "50", "%", ".", "While", "such", "changes", "might", "sound", "minor", ",", "they", "are", "n't", ":", "Merrill", "Lynch", "manages", "or", "oversees", "some", "$", "300", "billion", "in", "retail", "accounts", "that", "include", "everything", "from", "mutual", "funds", "to", "individual", "annuities", ".", "Two", "well-known", "colleagues", "who", "believe", "Mr.", "Straszheim", "was", "right", "the", "first", "time", "are", "David", "Bostian", "Jr.", "and", "A.", "Gary", "Shilling", ",", "both", "of", "whom", "run", "their", "own", "New", "York", "research", "firms", ".", "Mr.", "Bostian", "said", "in", "August", "that", "his", "macroeconomic", "index", "signaled", "recession", ".", "Mr.", "Shilling", ",", "who", "was", "Merrill", "Lynch", "'s", "chief", "economist", "from", "1967", "to", "1971", ",", "has", "heralded", "a", "recession", "for", "months", ".", "``", "My", "own", "personal", "opinion", "is", "that", "Don", "threw", "in", "the", "towel", "just", "about", "the", "time", "he", "should", "have", "doubled", "his", "bet", ",", "''", "he", "says", ".", "Now", "a", "rocky", "stock", "market", "and", "weak", "corporate", "profits", "may", "further", "threaten", "the", "economy", ".", "And", "Mr.", "Straszheim", "conceded", "after", "a", "recent", "drop", "in", "manufacturing", "jobs", "that", "``", "it", "may", "prove", "to", "be", "the", "case", "that", "we", "got", "whipsawed", "--", "that", "we", "pulled", "the", "recession", "forecast", "at", "just", "the", "wrong", "time", ".", "''", "He", "adds", ",", "``", "That", "'s", "the", "forecasting", "business", ".", "''", "However", "risky", "the", "business", ",", "it", "'s", "brisk", "these", "days", ".", "Pestered", "by", "bosses", ",", "brokers", ",", "clients", "and", "media", "people", "and", "pushed", "by", "their", "own", "egos", ",", "Wall", "Street", "economists", "are", "forecasting", "about", "everything", "from", "broad", "economic", "trends", "to", "the", "dinkiest", "monthly", "indicator", ".", "But", "the", "surprisingly", "durable", "seven-year", "economic", "expansion", "has", "made", "mincemeat", "of", "more", "than", "one", "forecast", ".", "This", "is", "n't", "the", "quiet", "economic", "science", "practiced", "in", "the", "universities", ".", "This", "is", "the", "commercial", "version", ".", "Carrying", "the", "new", "message", "on", "the", "road", ",", "Mr.", "Straszheim", "meets", "confrontation", "that", "often", "occurs", "in", "inverse", "proportion", "to", "the", "size", "of", "the", "client", ".", "No", "sophisticated", "professional", "expects", "economists", "to", "be", "right", "all", "the", "time", ".", "Some", "smaller", "clients", "do", "n't", "seem", "to", "notice", "his", "switch", ".", "But", "with", "some", "clients", ",", "the", "talk", "can", "heat", "up", "a", "bit", ".", "Dennis", "O'Brien", ",", "the", "treasurer", "of", "Commonwealth", "Edison", "Co.", "in", "Chicago", ",", "adopts", "a", "polite", "approach", ",", "waiting", "for", "an", "opportunity", "to", "ask", "about", "the", "forecast", ".", "A", "good", "half-hour", "into", "breakfast", "at", "the", "Palmer", "House", ",", "Mr.", "O'Brien", "looks", "up", "from", "his", "plate", "after", "Mr.", "Straszheim", "says", "something", "about", "people", "who", "believe", "interest", "rates", "are", "about", "to", "nosedive", ".", "``", "I", "'m", "one", "of", "them", "who", "hope", "they", "will", ",", "with", "$", "6", "billion", "in", "debt", "on", "the", "books", ".", "Is", "that", "the", "forecast", "?", "''", "Mr.", "O'Brien", "asks", ",", "trying", "to", "pin", "down", "the", "economist", ".", "He", "does", "n't", "fully", "succeed", ",", "although", "Mr.", "Straszheim", "lists", "an", "array", "of", "interest-rate", "scenarios", ".", "In", "a", "chilly", "conference", "room", "at", "Alliance", "Capital", "Management", "in", "Minneapolis", ",", "in", "contrast", ",", "the", "firm", "'s", "money", "managers", "seem", "ready", "to", "pin", "Mr.", "Straszheim", "to", "the", "wall", ".", "Alfred", "Harrison", ",", "the", "manager", ",", "shoves", "Mr.", "Straszheim", "'s", "handout", "back", "at", "him", ":", "``", "Do", "we", "want", "to", "go", "through", "this", "?", "Or", "can", "we", "ask", "you", "why", "you", "changed", "your", "forecast", "just", "when", "it", "'s", "about", "to", "be", "right", "?", "''", "Swiveling", "in", "his", "chair", ",", "Mr.", "Straszheim", "replies", "that", "the", "new", "outlook", ",", 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[ "Loral", "Corp.", "said", "fiscal", "second-quarter", "net", "income", "was", "$", "19.8", "million", ",", "or", "79", "cents", "a", "share", ",", "compared", "with", "year-earlier", "earnings", "from", "continuing", "operations", "of", "$", "15.6", "million", ",", "or", "62", "cents", "a", "share", ".", "Year-earlier", "net", "of", "$", "21", "million", ",", "or", "84", "cents", "a", "share", ",", "included", "the", "results", "of", "Loral", "'s", "former", "Aircraft", "Braking", "Systems", "and", "Engineered", "Fabrics", "divisions", ",", "which", "were", "sold", "April", "27", "to", "the", "company", "'s", "chairman", ",", "Bernard", "L.", "Schwartz", ".", "The", "defense", "electronics", "concern", "attributed", "the", "operating", "improvement", "to", "higher", "profit", "margins", "and", "lower", "net", "interest", "expense", ".", "Loral", "also", "reported", "that", "its", "bookings", "more", "than", "doubled", "to", "$", "654", "million", "in", "the", "quarter", ",", "ended", "Sept.", "30", ",", "from", "$", "257", "million", ",", "in", "the", "year-before", "period", ".", "The", "increase", "was", "due", "mainly", "to", "a", "$", "325", "million", "order", "from", "Turkey", "to", "equip", "its", "fleet", "of", "F-16", "fighters", "with", "Loral", "'s", "ALQ-178", "Rapport", "III", "electronic", "countermeasures", "system", ".", "The", "order", "is", "the", "biggest", "in", "the", "company", "'s", "history", ".", "Sales", "in", "the", "latest", "period", "edged", "up", "to", "$", "295.7", "million", "from", "$", "293.9", "million", ".", "Mr.", "Schwartz", "said", "the", "recent", "increase", "in", "orders", "``", "puts", "us", "well", "on", "the", "way", "to", "our", "goal", "of", "$", "1.6", "billion", "in", "bookings", "for", "the", "year", ".", "''", "He", "added", ":", "``", "I", "expect", "to", "see", "the", "earnings", "momentum", "we", "experienced", "this", "quarter", "continue", "for", "the", "rest", "of", "the", "year", ".", "''", "Loral", "said", "it", "expects", "sales", "to", "accelerate", "in", "both", "the", "third", "and", "fourth", "quarters", "of", "this", "fiscal", "year", ".", "Loral", "'s", "profit", "from", "continuing", "operations", "for", "the", "first", "six", "months", "of", "fiscal", "1990", "was", "$", "36.4", "million", ",", "or", "$", "1.44", "a", "share", ",", "up", "31", "%", "from", "$", "27.8", "million", ",", "or", "$", "1.11", "a", "share", ",", "a", "year", "earlier", ".", "Net", "income", "fell", "8.6", "%", "to", "$", "37.1", "million", ",", "or", "$", "1.43", "a", "share", ",", "from", "$", "40.6", "million", ",", "or", "$", "1.56", "a", "share", ".", "Fiscal", "first-half", "sales", "slipped", "3.9", "%", "to", "$", "528.4", "million", "from", "$", "549.9", "million", ".", "Bookings", "for", "the", "first", "half", "totaled", "$", "813", "million", ",", "compared", "with", "the", "$", "432", "million", "recorded", "last", "year", ".", "In", "New", "York", "Stock", "Exchange", "composite", "trading", ",", "Loral", "closed", "at", "$", "33.25", ",", "down", "37.5", "cents", "." ]
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[ "compound", "nsubj", "root", "amod", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "cop", "ccomp", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "cc", "nummod", "conj", "det", "obl:npmod", "punct", "case", "case", "amod", "advcl", "case", "amod", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "cc", "nummod", "conj", "det", "obl:npmod", "punct", "amod", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "cc", "nummod", "conj", "det", "obl:npmod", "punct", "root", "det", "obj", "case", "nmod:poss", "case", "amod", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "cc", "compound", "compound", "conj", "punct", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "acl:relcl", "obl:tmod", "nummod", "case", "det", "nmod:poss", "case", "obl", "punct", "compound", "compound", "appos", "punct", "det", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "amod", "obj", "case", "amod", "compound", "obl", "cc", "amod", "amod", "compound", "conj", "punct", "nsubj", "advmod", "root", "mark", "nmod:poss", "nsubj", "advmod", "case", "ccomp", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "case", "det", "nmod", "punct", "acl", "obl:tmod", "nummod", "punct", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "cop", "root", "advmod", "case", "det", "amod", "compound", "nummod", "obl", "case", "nmod", "mark", "acl", "nmod:poss", "obj", "case", "nummod", "nmod", "case", "nmod:poss", "case", "compound", "compound", "compound", "amod", "compound", "obl", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "cop", "det", "root", "case", "det", "nmod:poss", "case", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "root", "advmod", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "amod", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "punct", "ccomp", "obj", "advmod", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "nmod:poss", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "compound", "nummod", "case", "nmod", "case", "det", "nmod", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "ccomp", "mark", "xcomp", "det", "compound", "nsubj", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "det", "obl:tmod", "ccomp", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "det", "nmod", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "ccomp", "obj", "mark", "xcomp", "case", "cc:preconj", "det", "obl", "cc", "amod", "conj", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "nmod:poss", "case", "nsubj", "case", "amod", "nmod", "case", "det", "amod", "nummod", "nmod", "case", "amod", "nmod", "cop", "root", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "cc", "conj", "nummod", "det", "obl:npmod", "punct", "case", "nummod", "advmod", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "cc", "conj", "nummod", "det", "obl:npmod", "punct", "det", "obl:npmod", "advmod", "punct", "amod", "nsubj", "root", "nummod", "obj", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "cc", "conj", "nummod", "det", "obl:npmod", "punct", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "cc", "conj", "nummod", "det", "obl:npmod", "punct", "amod", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nummod", "obj", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "nsubj", "case", "det", "nmod", "dep", "root", "obj", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "case", "case", "det", "advcl", "compound", "nummod", "acl", "amod", "obl:tmod", "punct", "case", "compound", "compound", "compound", "compound", "amod", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "case", "obl", "nummod", "punct", "case", "nummod", "advmod", "punct" ]
[ "Union", "Carbide", "Corp.", "said", "third-quarter", "net", "income", "plunged", "35", "%", "from", "a", "year", "earlier", "on", "weakness", "in", "the", "company", "'s", "mainstay", "chemicals", "and", "plastics", "business", ".", "Net", "was", "$", "139", "million", ",", "or", "98", "cents", "a", "share", ",", "for", "the", "quarter", ",", "compared", "with", "$", "213", "million", ",", "or", "$", "1.56", "a", "share", ",", "a", "year", "ago", ".", "Sales", "were", "$", "2.14", "billion", ",", "up", "1.6", "%", "from", "$", "2.11", "billion", "the", "previous", "year", ".", "Carbide", ",", "like", "other", "companies", "with", "a", "heavy", "reliance", "on", "the", "so-called", "commodity", "end", "of", "the", "chemicals", "industry", ",", "was", "expected", "to", "post", "earnings", "sharply", "lower", "than", "in", "an", "exceptionally", "strong", "1988", "third", "quarter", ".", "But", "the", "company", "'s", "latest", "quarter", "was", "a", "few", "pennies", "a", "share", "lower", "than", "the", "more", "pessimistic", "projections", "on", "Wall", "Street", ".", "``", "It", "certainly", "was", "n't", "a", "disaster", ",", "but", "it", "does", "show", "weakness", "''", "in", "some", "of", "the", "company", "'s", "chief", "markets", ",", "said", "George", "Krug", ",", "a", "chemicals-industry", "analyst", "at", "Oppenheimer", "&", "Co", ".", "In", "New", "York", "Stock", "Exchange", "composite", "trading", ",", "Carbide", "closed", "at", "$", "24.50", "a", "share", ",", "down", "50", "cents", ".", "Prices", "for", "polyethylene", ",", "a", "common", "plastic", "and", "an", "important", "Carbide", "product", ",", "started", "to", "fall", "early", "this", "year", ";", "the", "slide", "accelerated", "in", "the", "third", "quarter", "as", "buyers", "continued", "to", "trim", "inventories", ".", "Prices", "also", "fell", "for", "ethylene", "oxide", "and", "glycols", ",", "products", "used", "in", "making", "antifreeze", ".", "Some", "producers", "of", "polyethylene", ",", "figuring", "the", "inventory", "reductions", "are", "near", "an", "end", ",", "have", "announced", "price", "boosts", ".", "The", "first", "real", "test", "of", "whether", "prices", "have", "hit", "bottom", "may", "come", "in", "the", "next", "several", "weeks", ",", "when", "the", "new", "prices", "become", "effective", ".", "A", "Carbide", "spokesman", "said", "``", "the", "conditions", "are", "right", "for", "the", "increase", "to", "hold", ".", "''", "For", "the", "third", "quarter", ",", "operating", "profit", "from", "Carbide", "'s", "chemicals", "and", "plastics", "business", "fell", "to", "$", "238", "million", "from", "$", "352", "million", "a", "year", "ago", ",", "before", "accounting", "for", "taxes", "and", "interest", "expense", ".", "Operating", "profit", "from", "carbon", "products", ",", "such", "as", "graphite", "electrodes", ",", "also", "declined", ",", "to", "$", "6", "million", "from", "$", "20", "million", ".", "In", "the", "industrial-gases", "segment", ",", "operating", "profit", "climbed", "to", "$", "87", "million", "from", "$", "58", "million", ".", "The", "latest", "quarter", "included", "a", "gain", "of", "about", "$", "62", "million", "on", "the", "sale", "of", "the", "company", "'s", "urethane", "polyols", "and", "propylene", "glycols", "businesses", ".", "Propylene", "glycols", "are", "used", "in", "making", "personal-care", "products", "such", "as", "shampoo", ",", "and", "urethane", "polyols", "are", "used", "in", "making", "the", "polyurethane", "foam", "found", "in", "furniture", "cushioning", "and", "other", "products", ".", "That", "gain", "was", "mostly", "offset", "by", "a", "loss", "of", "about", "$", "55", "million", "from", "a", "write-down", "in", "its", "polysilicon", "business", ".", "Polysilicon", "is", "used", "in", "making", "integrated", "circuits", ".", "For", "the", "nine", "months", ",", "net", "totaled", "$", "526", "million", ",", "or", "$", "3.74", "a", "share", ",", "up", "5", "%", "from", "$", "501", "million", ",", "or", "$", "3.71", "a", "share", ",", "a", "year", "ago", ".", "Sales", "rose", "7.7", "%", "to", "$", "6.66", "billion", "from", "$", "6.19", "billion", "." ]
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[ "The", "Polish", "rat", "will", "eat", "well", "this", "winter", ".", "Tons", "of", "delectably", "rotting", "potatoes", ",", "barley", "and", "wheat", "will", "fill", "damp", "barns", "across", "the", "land", "as", "thousands", "of", "farmers", "turn", "the", "state", "'s", "buyers", "away", ".", "Many", "a", "piglet", "wo", "n't", "be", "born", "as", "a", "result", ",", "and", "many", "a", "ham", "will", "never", "hang", "in", "a", "butcher", "shop", ".", "But", "with", "inflation", "raging", ",", "grain", "in", "the", "barn", "will", "still", "be", "a", "safer", "bet", "for", "the", "private", "farmer", "than", "money", "in", "the", "bank", ".", "Once", "again", ",", "the", "indomitable", "peasant", "holds", "Poland", "'s", "future", "in", "his", "hands", ".", "Until", "his", "labor", "can", "produce", "a", "profit", "in", "this", "dying", "and", "distorted", "system", ",", "even", "Solidarity", "'s", "sympathetic", "new", "government", "wo", "n't", "win", "him", "over", ".", "In", "coming", "months", ",", "emergency", "food", "aid", "moving", "in", "from", "the", "West", "will", "be", "the", "one", "buffer", "between", "a", "meat-hungry", "public", "and", "a", "new", "political", "calamity", ".", "Factory", "workers", "on", "strike", "knocked", "Poland", "'s", "Communist", "bosses", "off", "balance", "last", "year", ";", "this", "year", ",", "it", "was", "the", "farmers", "who", "brought", "them", "down", ".", "In", "June", ",", "farmers", "held", "onto", "meat", ",", "milk", "and", "grain", ",", "waiting", "for", "July", "'s", "usual", "state-directed", "price", "rises", ".", "The", "Communists", "froze", "prices", "instead", ".", "The", "farmers", "ran", "a", "boycott", ",", "and", "meat", "disappeared", "from", "the", "shops", ".", "On", "Aug.", "1", ",", "the", "state", "tore", "up", "its", "controls", ",", "and", "food", "prices", "leaped", ".", "Without", "buffer", "stocks", ",", "inflation", "exploded", ".", "That", "was", "when", "the", "tame", "old", "Peasants", "'", "Party", ",", "desperate", "to", "live", "through", "the", "crisis", ",", "broke", "ranks", "with", "the", "Communists", "and", "joined", "with", "Solidarity", "in", "the", "East", "Bloc", "'s", "first", "liberated", "government", ".", "But", "by", "the", "time", "Solidarity", "took", "office", "in", "September", ",", "the", "damage", "was", "done", ".", "``", "Shortageflation", ",", "''", "as", "economists", "have", "come", "to", "call", "it", ",", "had", "gone", "hyper", ".", "The", "cost", "of", "raising", "a", "pig", "kept", "bounding", "ahead", "of", "the", "return", "for", "selling", "one", ".", "The", "farmers", "stayed", "angry", ".", "They", "still", "are", ".", "At", "dawn", "on", "a", "cool", "day", ",", "hundreds", "travel", "to", "the", "private", "market", "in", "Radzymin", ",", "a", "town", "not", "far", "from", "Warsaw", ",", "hauling", "pigs", ",", "cattle", "and", "sacks", "of", "feed", "that", "the", "state", "'s", "official", "buyers", "ca", "n't", "induce", "them", "to", "sell", ".", "Here", ",", "they", "are", "searching", "for", "a", "higher", "price", ".", "In", "a", "crush", "of", "trucks", "and", "horse", "carts", "on", "the", "trodden", "field", ",", "Andrzej", "Latowski", "wrestles", "a", "screeching", ",", "overweight", "hog", "into", "the", "trunk", "of", "a", "private", "butcher", "'s", "Polish", "Fiat", ".", "``", "Of", "course", "it", "'s", "better", "to", "sell", "private", ",", "''", "he", "says", ",", "as", "the", "butcher", "trundles", "away", ".", "``", "Why", "should", "anybody", "want", "to", "sell", "to", "them", "?", "''", "The", "young", "farmer", "makes", "money", "on", "the", "few", "hogs", "he", "sells", "here", ".", "He", "wo", "n't", "for", "long", ",", "because", "his", "old", "state", "sources", "of", "rye", "and", "potatoes", "are", "drying", "up", ".", "``", "There", "'s", "no", "feed", ",", "''", "he", "says", ".", "``", "You", "ca", "n't", "buy", "anything", "nowadays", ".", "I", "do", "n't", "know", "why", ".", "''", "Edward", "Chojnowski", "does", ".", "His", "truck", "is", "parked", "across", "the", "field", ",", "in", "a", "row", "of", "grain", "sellers", ".", "Like", "the", "others", ",", "it", "is", "loaded", "with", "rye", ",", "wheat", "and", "oats", "in", "sacks", "labeled", "``", "Asbestos", ".", "Made", "in", "U.S.S.R", ".", "''", "The", "farmer", "at", "the", "next", "truck", "shouts", ",", "``", "Wheat", "!", "It", "'s", "nice", "!", "It", "wo", "n't", "be", "cheaper", "!", "We", "sell", "direct", "!", "''", "A", "heavy", ",", "kerchiefed", "woman", "runs", "a", "handful", "through", "her", "fingers", ",", "and", "counts", "him", "out", "a", "pile", "of", "zlotys", ".", "``", "Country", "people", "breed", "pigs", ",", "''", "says", "Mr.", "Chojnowski", ",", "leaning", "against", "the", "back", "of", "his", "truck", ".", "``", "They", "ca", "n't", "buy", "feed", "from", "the", "state", ".", "There", "is", "n't", "enough", ".", "Some", "state", "middlemen", "come", "to", "buy", "from", "me", ".", "I", "sell", "--", "a", "little", ".", "I", "am", "waiting", ".", "I", "have", "plenty", "more", "at", "home", ".", "''", "On", "this", "morning", ",", "he", "does", "n't", "sell", "much", "in", "Radzymin", ",", "either", ".", "At", "closing", "time", ",", "farmers", "cart", "out", "most", "of", "what", "they", "carted", "in", ".", "A", "private", "market", "like", "this", "just", "is", "n't", "big", "enough", "to", "absorb", "all", "that", "business", ".", "The", "hulk", "of", "Stalinism", ",", "it", "seems", ",", "will", "not", "quickly", "crumble", "away", ".", "State", "monopolies", "will", "keep", "on", "stifling", "trade", ",", "``", "free", "''", "prices", "or", "not", ",", "until", "something", "else", "replaces", "them", ".", "Polish", "agriculture", "will", "need", "a", "whole", "private", "network", "of", "procurement", ",", "processing", "and", "distribution", "--", "plus", "a", "new", "manufacturing", "industry", "to", "supply", "it", "with", "tractors", ",", "pesticides", ",", "fertilizers", "and", "feed", ".", "The", "Communists", "spent", "40", "years", "working", "to", "ensure", "that", "no", "such", "capitalistic", "structures", "ever", "arose", "here", ".", "Building", "them", "now", "will", "require", "undergirding", "from", "the", "West", ",", "and", "removal", "of", "political", "deadwood", ",", "a", "job", "that", "Solidarity", "has", "barely", "started", ".", "But", "Polish", "agriculture", "does", "possess", "one", "great", "asset", "already", ":", "the", "private", "farmer", ".", "``", "We", "are", "dealing", "with", "real", "entrepreneurs", ",", "''", "says", "Antoni", "Leopold", ",", "an", "economist", "who", "advises", "Rural", "Solidarity", ",", "the", "union", "'s", "countryside", "offshoot", ".", "``", "There", "are", "a", "lot", "of", "them", ",", "and", "they", "have", "property", ".", "''", "Polish", "peasants", ",", "spurning", "the", "collectivizers", ",", "were", "once", "a", "source", "of", "shame", "to", "orthodox", "Communists", ".", "Now", ",", "among", "Communist", "reformers", ",", "they", "are", "objects", "of", "envy", ".", "Food", "is", "the", "reformer", "'s", "top", "priority", ",", "the", "key", "to", "popular", "support", ".", "As", "the", "Chinese", "have", "shown", "and", "the", "Soviets", "are", "learning", ",", "family", "farms", "thrive", "where", "collectives", "fail", ".", "Ownership", ",", "it", "seems", ",", "is", "the", "best", "fertilizer", ".", "The", "Poles", "have", "had", "it", "all", "along", ".", "Poland", "'s", "2.7", "million", "small", "private", "farms", "cover", "76", "%", "of", "its", "arable", "land", ".", "On", "it", ",", "a", "quarter", "of", "the", "country", "'s", "39", "million", "people", "produce", "three-quarters", "of", "its", "grain", ",", "beef", ",", "eggs", "and", "milk", ",", "and", "nine-tenths", "of", "its", "fruit", ",", "vegetables", "and", "potatoes", ".", "Like", "the", "Roman", "Catholic", "Church", ",", "the", "Polish", "peasant", "is", "a", "pillar", "of", "the", "nation", ".", "Try", "as", "they", "might", ",", "the", "Communists", "could", "neither", "replace", "nor", "break", "him", ".", "And", "they", "did", "try", ".", "A", "few", "miles", "past", "Radzymin", ",", "a", "dirt", "road", "narrows", "to", "a", "track", "of", "sand", "and", "leads", "into", "Zalubice", ",", "a", "village", "of", "tumbledown", "farms", ".", "Czeslaw", "Pyszkiewicz", "owns", "30", "acres", "in", "14", "scattered", "scraps", ".", "He", "grows", "rye", "and", "potatoes", "for", "a", "few", "hens", ",", "five", "cows", "and", "25", "piglets", ".", "In", "patched", "pants", "and", "torn", "shoes", ",", "he", "stands", "in", "his", "barnyard", "eyeing", "the", "ground", "with", "a", "look", "both", "helpless", "and", "sardonic", ".", "``", "It", "'s", "bad", "soil", ",", "''", "he", "says", ".", "Until", "1963", ",", "it", "was", "good", "soil", ".", "Then", "the", "state", "put", "in", "a", 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[ "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "det", "amod", "appos", "case", "det", "nmod", "case", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "cc", "det", "amod", "conj", "cc", "amod", "conj", "punct", "root", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "root", "det", "amod", "compound", "obj", "case", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "det", "appos", "acl", "case", "amod", "amod", "compound", "compound", "obl", "punct", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "parataxis", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "cop", "ccomp", "mark", "xcomp", "det", "obj", "dep", "case", "fixed", "amod", "obl", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "aux", "root", "case", "det", "compound", "obl", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "det", "obj", "mark", "mark", "det", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "aux:pass", "acl", "punct" ]
[ "The", "Bush", "administration", ",", "trying", "to", "blunt", "growing", "demands", "from", "Western", "Europe", "for", "a", "relaxation", "of", "controls", "on", "exports", "to", "the", "Soviet", "bloc", ",", "is", "questioning", "whether", "Italy", "'s", "Ing", ".", "C.", "Olivetti", "&", "Co.", "supplied", "militarily", "valuable", "technology", "to", "the", "Soviets", ".", "Most", "of", "the", "Western", "European", "members", "of", "Coordinating", "Committee", "on", "Multilateral", "Export", "Controls", ",", "the", "unofficial", "forum", "through", "which", "the", "U.S.", "and", "its", "allies", "align", "their", "export-control", "policies", ",", "are", "expected", "to", "argue", "for", "more", "liberal", "export", "rules", "at", "a", "meeting", "to", "be", "held", "in", "Paris", "Oct.", "25", "and", "26", ".", "They", "plan", "to", "press", "specifically", "for", "a", "relaxation", "of", "rules", "governing", "exports", "of", "machine", "tools", ",", "computers", "and", "other", "high-technology", "products", ".", "But", "the", "Bush", "administration", "says", "it", "wants", "to", "see", "evidence", "that", "all", "Cocom", "members", "are", "complying", "fully", "with", "existing", "export-control", "procedures", "before", "it", "will", "support", "further", "liberalization", ".", "To", "make", "its", "point", ",", "it", "is", "challenging", "the", "Italian", "government", "to", "explain", "reports", "that", "Olivetti", "may", "have", "supplied", "the", "Soviet", "Union", "with", "sophisticated", "computer-driven", "devices", "that", "could", "be", "used", "to", "build", "parts", "for", "combat", "aircraft", ".", "The", "London", "Sunday", "Times", ",", "which", "first", "reported", "the", "U.S.", "concerns", ",", "cited", "a", "U.S.", "intelligence", "report", "as", "the", "source", "of", "the", "allegations", "that", "Olivetti", "exported", "$", "25", "million", "in", "``", "embargoed", ",", "state-of-the-art", ",", "flexible", "manufacturing", "systems", "to", "the", "Soviet", "aviation", "industry", ".", "''", "Olivetti", "reportedly", "began", "shipping", "these", "tools", "in", "1984", ".", "A", "State", "Department", "spokesman", "acknowledged", "that", "the", "U.S.", "is", "discussing", "the", "allegations", "with", "the", "Italian", "government", "and", "Cocom", ",", "but", "declined", "to", "confirm", "any", "details", ".", "Italian", "President", "Francesco", "Cossiga", "promised", "a", "quick", "investigation", "into", "whether", "Olivetti", "broke", "Cocom", "rules", ".", "President", "Bush", "called", "his", "attention", "to", "the", "matter", "during", "the", "Italian", "leader", "'s", "visit", "here", "last", "week", ".", "Olivetti", "has", "denied", "that", "it", "violated", "Cocom", "rules", ",", "asserting", "that", "the", "reported", "shipments", "were", "properly", "licensed", "by", "the", "Italian", "authorities", ".", "Although", "the", "legality", "of", "these", "sales", "is", "still", "an", "open", "question", ",", "the", "disclosure", "could", "n't", "be", "better", "timed", "to", "support", "the", "position", "of", "export-control", "hawks", "in", "the", "Pentagon", "and", "the", "intelligence", "community", ".", "``", "It", "seems", "to", "me", "that", "a", "story", "like", "this", "breaks", "just", "before", "every", "important", "Cocom", "meeting", ",", "''", "said", "a", "Washington", "lobbyist", "for", "a", "number", "of", "U.S.", "computer", "companies", ".", "The", "Bush", "administration", "has", "sent", "conflicting", "signals", "about", "its", "export-control", "policies", ",", "reflecting", "unhealed", "divisions", "among", "several", "competing", "agencies", ".", "Last", "summer", ",", "Mr.", "Bush", "moved", "the", "administration", "in", "the", "direction", "of", "gradual", "liberalization", "when", "he", "told", "a", "North", "Atlantic", "Treaty", "Organization", "meeting", "that", "he", "would", "allow", "some", "exceptions", "to", "the", "Cocom", "embargo", "of", "strategic", "goods", ".", "But", "more", "recently", ",", "the", "Pentagon", "and", "the", "Commerce", "Department", "openly", "feuded", "over", "the", "extent", "to", "which", "Cocom", "should", "liberalize", "exports", "of", "personal", "computers", "to", "the", "bloc", ".", "However", ",", "these", "agencies", "generally", "agree", "that", "the", "West", "should", "be", "cautious", "about", "any", "further", "liberalization", ".", "``", "There", "'s", "no", "evidence", "that", "the", "Soviet", "program", "to", "(", "illegally", ")", "acquire", "Western", "technology", "has", "diminished", ",", "''", "said", "a", "State", "Department", "spokesman", "." ]
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[ "det", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "advcl", "mark", "xcomp", "amod", "obj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "case", "det", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "aux", "root", "mark", "nmod:poss", "case", "compound", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "cc", "conj", "ccomp", "advmod", "amod", "obj", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "nsubj:pass", "case", "det", "amod", "compound", "nmod", "case", "compound", "nmod", "case", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "det", "amod", "appos", "case", "obl", "det", "nsubj", "cc", "nmod:poss", "conj", "acl:relcl", "nmod:poss", "amod", "obj", "punct", "aux:pass", "root", "mark", "xcomp", "case", "advmod", "amod", "compound", "obl", "case", "det", "obl", "mark", "aux:pass", "acl", "case", "obl", "obl:tmod", "nummod", "cc", "conj", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "mark", "xcomp", "advmod", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "nmod", "acl", "obj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "conj", "cc", "amod", "compound", "conj", "punct", "cc", "det", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "ccomp", "mark", "xcomp", "obj", "mark", "det", "compound", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "advmod", "case", "amod", "amod", "obl", "mark", "nsubj", "aux", "advcl", "amod", "obj", "punct", "mark", "advcl", "nmod:poss", "obj", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "root", "det", "amod", "obj", "mark", "advcl", "obj", "mark", "nsubj", "aux", "aux", "ccomp", "det", "compound", "obj", "case", "amod", "amod", "obl", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "aux:pass", "acl:relcl", "mark", "xcomp", "obj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "det", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "nsubj", "advmod", "acl:relcl", "det", "compound", "obj", "punct", "root", "det", "compound", "compound", "obj", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "det", "nmod", "mark", "nsubj", "ccomp", "obj", "compound", "nummod", "case", "punct", "amod", "punct", "amod", "punct", "amod", "compound", "nmod", "case", "det", "amod", "compound", "obl", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "advmod", "root", "xcomp", "det", "obj", "case", "obl", "punct", "det", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "mark", "det", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "cc", "conj", "punct", "cc", "conj", "mark", "xcomp", "det", "obj", "punct", "amod", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "amod", "obj", "mark", "mark", "nsubj", "acl", "compound", "obj", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nmod:poss", "obj", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod:poss", "case", "obl", "advmod", "amod", "obl:tmod", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "root", "mark", "nsubj", "ccomp", "compound", "obj", "punct", "xcomp", "mark", "det", "amod", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "advmod", "ccomp", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "punct", "mark", "det", "nsubj", "case", "det", "nmod", "cop", "advmod", "det", "amod", "advcl", "punct", "det", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "advmod", "aux:pass", "advmod", "root", "mark", "xcomp", "det", "obj", "case", "amod", "nmod", "case", "det", "nmod", "cc", "det", "compound", "conj", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "ccomp", "case", "obl", "mark", "det", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "ccomp", "advmod", "case", "det", "amod", "compound", "obl", "punct", "punct", "root", "det", "compound", "nsubj", "case", "det", "nmod", "case", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "det", "compound", "nsubj", "aux", "root", "amod", "obj", "case", "nmod:poss", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "advcl", "amod", "obj", "case", "amod", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "amod", "obl:tmod", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "amod", "nmod", "advmod", "nsubj", "advcl", "det", "compound", "compound", "compound", "compound", "obj", "mark", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "compound", "nmod", "case", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "cc", "advmod", "advmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "cc", "det", "compound", "conj", "advmod", "root", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "obl", "nsubj", "aux", "acl:relcl", "obj", "case", "amod", "nmod", "case", "det", "nmod", "punct", "advmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "advmod", "root", "mark", "det", "nsubj", "aux", "cop", "ccomp", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "punct", "punct", "expl", "ccomp", "det", "nsubj", "mark", "det", "amod", "nsubj", "mark", "punct", "dep", "punct", "acl", "amod", "obj", "aux", "ccomp", "punct", "punct", "root", "det", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "punct" ]
[ "Republic", "New", "York", "Corp.", "joined", "the", "list", "of", "banks", "boosting", "reserves", "for", "losses", "on", "loans", "to", "less-developed", "countries", ",", "setting", "out", "a", "$", "200", "million", "provision", "and", "posting", "a", "$", "155.4", "million", "third-quarter", "net", "loss", "as", "a", "result", ".", "The", "per-share", "loss", "was", "$", "5.32", ".", "In", "the", "year", "earlier", "period", ",", "the", "New", "York", "parent", "of", "Republic", "National", "Bank", "had", "net", "income", "of", "$", "38.7", "million", ",", "or", "$", "1.12", "a", "share", ".", "Excluding", "the", "provision", ",", "Republic", "earned", "$", "44.6", "million", ",", "up", "15", "%", "from", "a", "year", "ago", ".", "The", "bank", "'s", "medium-term", "and", "long-term", "loans", "to", "less-developed", "countries", "total", "$", "293", "million", ",", "of", "which", "$", "146", "million", "are", "n't", "accruing", "interest", ",", "the", "bank", "said", ".", "Republic", "'s", "total", "of", "nonperforming", "assets", "was", "$", "167", "million", "at", "Sept.", "30", ",", "with", "its", "reserve", "for", "loan", "losses", "now", "standing", "at", "$", "357", "million", "." ]
[ 4, 4, 4, 5, 0, 7, 5, 9, 7, 9, 10, 13, 11, 15, 13, 18, 18, 15, 5, 5, 20, 26, 26, 25, 23, 20, 28, 20, 35, 35, 32, 30, 35, 35, 28, 38, 38, 28, 5, 3, 3, 5, 5, 0, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 3, 15, 15, 10, 10, 10, 15, 14, 14, 14, 10, 0, 17, 15, 19, 17, 21, 19, 19, 24, 19, 24, 27, 24, 15, 3, 3, 6, 6, 6, 0, 6, 9, 7, 7, 13, 13, 7, 16, 16, 13, 16, 6, 2, 7, 2, 7, 6, 4, 11, 10, 10, 7, 28, 11, 14, 12, 12, 17, 23, 23, 20, 18, 23, 23, 12, 23, 28, 27, 28, 0, 28, 3, 1, 8, 6, 6, 3, 8, 0, 10, 8, 12, 8, 12, 8, 22, 17, 22, 20, 20, 17, 22, 8, 24, 22, 26, 24, 8 ]
[ "compound", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "obj", "case", "nmod", "acl", "obj", "case", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "case", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "dep", "compound:prt", "det", "amod", "compound", "nummod", "obj", "cc", "conj", "det", "amod", "compound", "nummod", "compound", "amod", "obj", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "det", "amod", "nsubj", "cop", "root", "nummod", "punct", "case", "det", "amod", "dep", "obl", "punct", "det", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "case", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "root", "amod", "obj", "case", "nmod", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "cc", "conj", "nummod", "det", "obl:npmod", "punct", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "obj", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "case", "nummod", "advmod", "case", "det", "advcl", "case", "punct", "det", "nmod:poss", "case", "amod", "cc", "conj", "nsubj", "case", "amod", "nmod", "ccomp", "obj", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "case", "obl", "nsubj", "compound", "nummod", "aux", "advmod", "acl:relcl", "obj", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "punct", "nmod:poss", "case", "nsubj", "case", "amod", "nmod", "cop", "root", "compound", "nummod", "case", "obl", "nummod", "punct", "mark", "nmod:poss", "nsubj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "advmod", "advcl", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "punct" ]
[ "Contrary", "to", "what", "might", "be", "expected", "based", "on", "the", "headline", "on", "John", "R.", "Dorfman", "'s", "recent", "Money", "Matters", "article", "(", "``", "Pros", "Hit", "Theorists", "Right", "Where", "It", "Hurts", "''", "Oct.", "3", ")", ",", "I", "was", "able", "to", "stand", "proudly", "before", "my", "undergraduate", "finance", "students", "and", "proclaim", "that", "the", "findings", "of", "your", "yearlong", "experiment", "on", "stock", "picking", "is", "completely", "consistent", "with", "what", "they", "have", "been", "taught", "in", "the", "classroom", ".", "In", "particular", ",", "I", "do", "not", "find", "the", "fact", "that", "your", "group", "of", "pros", "'", "monthly", "selections", "of", "four", "stocks", "outperforms", "the", "market", "in", "general", "to", "be", "inconsistent", "with", "market", "efficiency", ".", "Mr.", "Dorfman", "states", "that", "an", "investor", "who", "invested", "$", "100,000", "a", "year", "ago", "in", "the", "first", "four", "stocks", "selected", "by", "your", "pros", "and", "then", "sold", "those", "one", "month", "later", ",", "purchasing", "the", "four", "new", "pro", "picks", ",", "and", "repeated", "this", "process", "for", "the", "year", "would", "have", "accumulated", "$", "166,537", ",", "excluding", "account", "dividends", ",", "taxes", "and", "commissions", ".", "In", "contrast", ",", "an", "investor", "holding", "the", "Dow", "Jones", "portfolio", "over", "the", "year", "would", "have", "accumulated", "only", "$", "127,446", ".", "Accepted", "theories", "of", "asset", "pricing", "offer", "a", "perfectly", "legitimate", "explanation", ".", "Accepted", "theories", "state", "that", "investors", "require", "higher", "returns", "on", "riskier", "investments", ".", "Thus", ",", "rather", "than", "seeing", "the", "excess", "returns", "to", "the", "pro-selected", "portfolio", "as", "being", "abnormal", ",", "I", "see", "those", "returns", "as", "simply", "compensations", "for", "taking", "on", "added", "risk", ".", "I", "believe", "the", "risk", "for", "each", "individual", "stock", "selected", "by", "your", "pros", "is", "very", "large", ".", "If", "you", "asked", "me", "to", "select", "a", "stock", "with", "the", "highest", "expected", "return", ",", "I", "would", "select", "a", "stock", "with", "the", "greatest", "amount", "of", "undiversifiable", "risk", ",", "as", "I", "am", "sure", "your", "pros", "do", ".", "Your", "hypothetical", "investor", "is", "simply", "being", "compensated", "for", "taking", "on", "this", "added", "risk", ".", "Moreover", ",", "your", "hypothetical", "investor", "has", "forsaken", "the", "gains", "to", "be", "had", "in", "reducing", "risk", "by", "diversifying", "his", "portfolio", ".", "A", "four-stock", "portfolio", "is", "still", "exposed", "to", "a", "great", "deal", "of", "unnecessary", "risk", ".", "This", "means", "the", "returns", "can", "vary", "a", "great", "deal", ".", "Mr.", "Dorfman", "provides", "confirming", "evidence", "of", "this", "phenomenon", "when", "he", "reports", "that", "your", "staff", "of", "dart", "throwers", "would", "have", "accumulated", "only", "$", "112,383", "by", "randomly", "selecting", "four", "new", "stocks", "to", "be", "held", "in", "a", "portfolio", "each", "month", ".", "Scott", "E.", "Hein", "Texas", "Tech", "University", "Lubbock", ",", "Texas", "Your", "Investment", "Dartboard", "article", "misses", "the", "target", ".", "The", "fact", "that", "stock", "pickers", "have", "bested", "a", "randomly", "selected", "portfolio", "in", "eight", "of", "12", "months", "has", "no", "bearing", "on", "the", "efficient-market", "theory", ".", "What", "matters", "is", "that", "the", "stocks", "recommended", "by", "your", "pros", "tend", "to", "be", "substantially", "riskier", "than", "a", "diversified", "portfolio", ".", "For", "example", ",", "your", "pickers", "'", "recommendations", "for", "the", "coming", "month", "are", ",", "on", "average", ",", "22.5", "%", "riskier", "than", "holding", "the", "market", "portfolio", "according", "to", "Value", "Line", "'s", "Beta", "estimates", ".", "James", "Morgan", "'s", "pick", "for", "October", "--", "Dynascan", "--", "is", "a", "substantial", "35", "%", "riskier", "than", "the", "market", "portfolio", ";", "his", "lauded", "Thermo", "Electron", "pick", "is", "40", "%", "riskier", ".", "Eric", "C.", "Meltzer" ]
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[ "dep", "mark", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "aux:pass", "advcl", "case", "case", "det", "advcl", "case", "compound", "compound", "nmod:poss", "case", "amod", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "dep", "obj", "advmod", "advmod", "nsubj", "advcl", "punct", "dep", "nummod", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "cop", "root", "mark", "xcomp", "advmod", "case", "nmod:poss", "compound", "compound", "obl", "cc", "conj", "mark", "det", "nsubj", "case", "nmod:poss", "amod", "nmod", "case", "compound", "nmod", "cop", "advmod", "ccomp", "mark", "obj", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "aux:pass", "advcl", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "case", "advcl", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "root", "det", "obj", "mark", "nmod:poss", "dep", "case", "nmod", "case", "amod", "nsubj", "case", "nummod", "nmod", "ccomp", "det", "obj", "case", "advcl", "mark", "cop", "xcomp", "case", "compound", "obl", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "mark", "det", "nsubj", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "obj", "nummod", "det", "obl:npmod", "advmod", "case", "det", "amod", "nummod", "obl", "acl", "case", "nmod:poss", "obl", "cc", "advmod", "conj", "obj", "nummod", "obl:npmod", "advmod", "punct", "advcl", "det", "nummod", "amod", "compound", "obj", "punct", "cc", "conj", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "obl", "aux", "aux", "ccomp", "obj", "nummod", "punct", "case", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "conj", "cc", "conj", "punct", "case", "obl", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "acl", "det", "compound", "compound", "obj", "case", "det", "obl", "aux", "aux", "root", "advmod", "obj", "nummod", "punct", "amod", "nsubj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "root", "det", "advmod", "advmod", "obj", "punct", "amod", "nsubj", "root", "mark", "nsubj", "ccomp", "amod", "obj", "case", "amod", "obl", "punct", "advmod", "punct", "mark", "fixed", "advcl", "det", "amod", "obj", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "mark", "cop", "advcl", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "det", "obj", "case", "advmod", "obl", "mark", "acl", "compound:prt", "amod", "obj", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "det", "nsubj", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "acl", "case", "nmod:poss", "obl", "cop", "advmod", "ccomp", "punct", "mark", "nsubj", "advcl", "obj", "mark", "xcomp", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "amod", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "root", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "case", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "mark", "nsubj", "cop", "advcl", "nmod:poss", "nsubj", "ccomp", "punct", "nmod:poss", "amod", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "advmod", "aux:pass", "root", "mark", "advcl", "compound:prt", "det", "amod", "obj", "punct", "advmod", "punct", "nmod:poss", "amod", "nsubj", "aux", "root", "det", "obj", "mark", "aux:pass", "acl", "mark", "advcl", "obj", "mark", "advcl", "nmod:poss", "obj", "punct", "det", "amod", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "advmod", "root", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "case", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "det", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "det", "amod", "obj", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "amod", "obj", "case", "det", "nmod", "advmod", "nsubj", "advcl", "mark", "nmod:poss", "nsubj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "aux", "aux", "ccomp", "advmod", "obj", "nummod", "mark", "advmod", "advcl", "nummod", "amod", "obj", "mark", "aux:pass", "acl", "case", "det", "obl", "det", "obl:tmod", "punct", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "compound", "compound", "dep", "dep", "punct", "appos", "nmod:poss", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "obj", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "mark", "compound", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "det", "advmod", "amod", "obj", "case", "compound", "advmod", "nummod", "obl", "root", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "csubj", "root", "mark", "det", "nsubj", "acl", "case", "nmod:poss", "obl", "ccomp", "mark", "cop", "advmod", "xcomp", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "punct", "case", "obl", "punct", "nmod:poss", "nmod:poss", "case", "nsubj", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "cop", "punct", "case", "obl", "punct", "nummod", "obl:npmod", "root", "mark", "advcl", "det", "compound", "obj", "case", "fixed", "compound", "nmod:poss", "case", "compound", "obl", "punct", "compound", "nmod:poss", "case", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "punct", "dep", "punct", "cop", "det", "amod", "nummod", "obl:npmod", "root", "case", "det", "compound", "obl", "punct", "nmod:poss", "amod", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "cop", "nummod", "obl:npmod", "parataxis", "punct", "compound", "compound", "root" ]
[ "Japan", "has", "found", "another", "safe", "outlet", "for", "its", "money", ":", "U.S.", "home", "mortgages", ".", "An", "increasing", "number", "of", "big", "Japanese", "investors", "are", "buying", "up", "U.S.", "home", "mortgages", "that", "have", "been", "pooled", "and", "packaged", "for", "sale", "as", "interest-bearing", "instruments", "known", "as", "mortgage-backed", "securities", ".", "As", "much", "as", "10", "%", "of", "new", "U.S.", "mortgage", "securities", "issued", "by", "the", "Federal", "National", "Mortgage", "Association", ",", "or", "Fannie", "Mae", ",", "and", "Federal", "Home", "Loan", "Mortgage", "Corp.", ",", "or", "Freddie", "Mac", ",", "now", "flow", "into", "Japanese", "hands", ".", "That", "may", "not", "come", "as", "a", "surprise", "to", "Americans", "who", "have", "watched", "the", "Japanese", "snap", "up", "properties", "in", "the", "U.S.", "from", "golf", "courses", "to", "a", "stake", "in", "Rockefeller", "Center", ".", "But", "it", "marks", "a", "big", "change", "for", "the", "Japanese", ",", "who", "shunned", "mortgage", "securities", "after", "getting", "burned", "by", "a", "big", "downturn", "in", "interest", "rates", "a", "few", "years", "back", ".", "``", "You", "ca", "n't", "say", "it", "'s", "a", "``", "tsunami", "''", "(", "tidal", "wave", ")", ",", "but", "we", "'re", "making", "some", "headway", ",", "''", "says", "Fannie", "Mae", "'s", "chairman", ",", "David", "O.", "Maxwell", ",", "who", "visits", "Tokyo", "at", "least", "once", "a", "year", "to", "explain", "and", "drum", "up", "investor", "interest", "in", "mortgage", "securities", ".", "``", "Interest", "is", "a", "great", "deal", "higher", "than", "it", "was", "a", "year", "ago", ".", "''", "The", "steady", "growth", "of", "the", "mortgage", "securities", "market", "in", "the", "U.S.", "has", "even", "triggered", "talk", "of", "building", "up", "a", "similar", "market", "here", ".", "Evidence", "of", "the", "growing", "Japanese", "demand", "for", "mortgage", "securities", "abounds", ".", "Earlier", "this", "year", ",", "Blackstone", "Group", ",", "a", "New", "York", "investment", "bank", ",", "had", "no", "trouble", "selling", "out", "a", "special", "$", "570", "million", "mortgage-securities", "trust", "it", "created", "for", "Japanese", "investors", ".", "Industrial", "Bank", "of", "Japan", ",", "which", "claims", "to", "be", "the", "biggest", "Japanese", "buyer", "of", "U.S.", "mortgage", "securities", ",", "says", "it", "will", "more", "than", "double", "its", "purchases", "this", "year", ",", "to", "an", "amount", "one", "official", "puts", "at", "several", "billion", "dollars", ".", "And", "a", "Fannie", "Mae", "seminar", "this", "week", "promises", "to", "draw", "hundreds", "of", "prospective", "investors", ",", "who", "can", "be", "expected", "to", "channel", "tens", "of", "billions", "of", "dollars", "into", "the", "market", "in", "the", "next", "few", "years", ".", "``", "Last", "year", ",", "there", "were", "only", "several", "big", "investors", "who", "were", "interested", ",", "''", "says", "Kinji", "Kato", ",", "a", "vice", "president", "at", "the", "international", "arm", "of", "Nomura", "Securities", "Co", ".", "``", "This", "year", ",", "some", "investors", "are", "changing", "their", "policies", "and", "investing", "a", "lot", ".", "''", "Ultimately", ",", "he", "says", ",", "strong", "demand", "could", "help", "to", "drive", "down", "interest", "rates", "on", "mortgage", "securities", ".", "At", "the", "moment", ",", "Nomura", "is", "the", "only", "Japanese", "institution", "authorized", "to", "act", "as", "a", "primary", "seller", "of", "Fannie", "Mae", "instruments", ".", "But", "other", "Japanese", "institutions", "say", "privately", "that", "they", "are", "considering", "asking", "to", "join", "the", "59-dealer", "selling", "group", ".", "These", "securities", "are", "attractive", "to", "Japanese", "investors", "for", "three", "reasons", ".", "First", ",", "they", "are", "safe", ".", "While", "they", "are", "n't", "backed", "by", "the", "full", "faith", "and", "credit", "of", "the", "U.S.", "government", ",", "as", "Treasury", "bonds", "are", ",", "it", "is", "widely", "assumed", "that", "the", "government", "would", "support", "them", "if", "necessary", ".", "(", "U.S.", "Treasury", "bonds", "are", "still", "the", "dollar-denominated", "investment", "of", "choice", "for", "long-term", "Japanese", "investors", ")", ".", "Second", ",", "they", "are", "liquid", ".", "The", "secondary", "market", "in", "federally", "backed", "mortgage", "securities", "now", "exceeds", "$", "900", "billion", ",", "or", "nearly", "half", "of", "the", "$", "2.2", "trillion", "in", "U.S.", "residential", "mortgages", "issued", ".", "Third", ",", "they", "offer", "high", "yields", ".", "At", "the", "moment", ",", "some", "offer", "as", "much", "as", "1.6", "to", "1.8", "percentage", "points", "over", "Treasury", "securities", "of", "similar", "maturities", ".", "But", "there", "is", "a", "risk", ",", "which", "the", "Japanese", "discovered", "when", "they", "first", "dipped", "their", "toes", "into", "the", "market", "nearly", "five", "years", "ago", ".", "Since", "most", "mortgages", "can", "be", "prepaid", "or", "refinanced", "at", "any", "time", ",", "issuers", "of", "mortgage", "securities", "retain", "the", "right", "to", "buy", "back", "their", "bonds", "before", "maturity", ".", "That", "'s", "a", "headache", "for", "long-term", "investors", ",", "since", "it", "forces", "them", "to", "reinvest", "their", "money", "--", "usually", "at", "lower", "rates", "than", "the", "original", "mortgage", "securities", "carried", ".", "``", "Two", "or", "three", "years", "ago", ",", "the", "problem", "was", "that", "people", "did", "n't", "understand", "the", "prepayment", "risk", ",", "''", "says", "Nomura", "'s", "Mr.", "Kato", ".", "``", "So", "they", "were", "surprised", "and", "very", "disappointed", "by", "prepayment", ".", "''", "Compounding", "the", "trouble", "to", "Japanese", "investors", ",", "mortgage", "securities", "pay", "interest", "monthly", ",", "since", "most", "mortgages", "require", "homeowners", "to", "make", "monthly", "payments", ".", "But", "Japanese", "institutional", "investors", "are", "used", "to", "quarterly", "or", "semiannual", "payments", "on", "their", "investments", ",", "so", "the", "monthly", "cash", "flow", "posed", "administrative", "problems", ".", "As", "a", "result", ",", "Japanese", "investors", "steered", "clear", "of", "the", "mortgage", "securities", ".", "But", "they", "did", "n't", "lose", "touch", "with", "the", "U.S.", "issuers", ".", "Since", "1985", ",", "Japanese", "investors", "have", "bought", "nearly", "80", "%", "of", "$", "10", "billion", "in", "Fannie", "Mae", "corporate", "debt", "issued", "to", "foreigners", ",", "money", "that", "Fannie", "Mae", "uses", "to", "buy", "mortgages", "from", "U.S.", "banks", ".", "And", "Japanese", "investors", "took", "up", "nearly", "all", "of", "two", "$", "200", "million", "Real", "Estate", "Mortgage", "Investment", "Conduits", ",", "a", "kind", "of", "collateralized", "mortgage", "obligation", ",", "that", "were", "offered", "to", "foreigners", "this", "year", ".", "In", "addition", ",", "further", "packaging", "of", "mortgage-backed", "securities", ",", "such", "as", "Blackstone", "'s", "fund", ",", "have", "reduced", "the", "effects", "of", "prepayment", "risk", "and", "automatically", "reinvest", "monthly", "payments", "so", "institutions", "do", "n't", "have", "to", ".", "Freddie", "Mac", "for", "years", "has", "offered", "a", "so-called", "participation", "certificate", "that", "guarantees", "it", "wo", "n't", "be", "prepaid", "for", "a", "set", "number", "of", "years", "and", "offers", "semiannual", "payments", "." ]
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[ "UAL", "Corp.", "'s", "board", "quashed", "any", "prospects", "for", "an", "immediate", "revival", "of", "a", "labor-management", "buy-out", ",", "saying", "United", "Airlines", "'", "parent", "should", "remain", "independent", "for", "now", ".", "As", "a", "result", ",", "UAL", "'s", "chairman", ",", "Stephen", "M.", "Wolf", ",", "pulled", "out", "of", "the", "buy-out", "effort", "to", "focus", "on", "running", "the", "company", ".", "The", "two", "developments", "put", "the", "acquisition", "attempt", "back", "to", "square", "one", "and", "leaves", "the", "airline", "with", "an", "array", "of", "unresolved", "matters", ",", "including", "an", "unsettled", "labor", "situation", "and", "a", "management", "scrambling", "to", "restore", "its", "damaged", "credibility", ".", "The", "effort", "to", "create", "the", "nation", "'s", "largest", "employee-owned", "company", "began", "unraveling", "Oct.", "13", "when", "the", "labor-management", "group", "was", "unable", "to", "obtain", "financing", "for", "its", "$", "300-a-share", ",", "$", "6.79", "billion", "offer", ".", "Just", "last", "week", "it", "suffered", "another", "major", "setback", "when", "British", "Airways", "PLC", ",", "the", "largest", "equity", "investor", "in", "the", "labor-management", "bid", ",", "withdrew", "its", "support", ".", "Takeover", "stock", "traders", ",", "focusing", "on", "the", "company", "'s", "intention", "to", "stay", "independent", ",", "took", "the", "announcement", "as", "bad", "news", ".", "UAL", ",", "which", "had", "risen", "$", "9.875", "to", "$", "178.375", "in", "composite", "trading", "on", "the", "New", "York", "Stock", "Exchange", "on", "reports", "of", "a", "new", "bid", "being", "prepared", "by", "the", "group", ",", "reversed", "course", "and", "plummeted", "in", "off-exchange", "trading", "after", "the", "5:09", "p.m.", "EDT", "announcement", ".", "Among", "the", "first", "trades", "reported", "by", "the", "securities", "firm", "of", "Jefferies", "&", "Co.", ",", "which", "makes", "a", "market", "in", "UAL", "after", "the", "exchange", "is", "closed", ",", "were", "10,000", "shares", "at", "$", "170", ",", "6,000", "shares", "at", "$", "162", ",", "2,500", "at", "$", "162", ",", "and", "10,000", "at", "$", "158", ".", "The", "rebound", "in", "UAL", "stock", "during", "regular", "trading", "hours", "Monday", "was", "its", "first", "daily", "gain", "after", "six", "consecutive", "losses", "left", "the", "price", "41", "%", "below", "its", "level", "before", "Oct.", "13", ",", "the", "day", "the", "group", "announced", "the", "bank", "financing", "could", "n't", "be", "obtained", "for", "the", "original", "deal", ".", "Twelve", "of", "UAL", "'s", "outside", "directors", "met", "at", "a", "five-hour", "meeting", "yesterday", "in", "Chicago", "to", "consider", "an", "informal", "proposal", "from", "the", "buy-out", "group", "for", "a", "revised", "bid", ".", "But", "the", "board", "said", "it", "was", "n't", "interested", "for", "now", ".", "That", "proposal", ",", "valued", "at", "between", "$", "225", "and", "$", "240", "a", "share", ",", "would", "have", "transferred", "majority", "ownership", "to", "employees", "while", "leaving", "some", "stock", "in", "public", "hands", ".", "The", "buy-out", "group", "had", "no", "firm", "financing", "for", "the", "plan", ".", "And", ",", "with", "no", "other", "offers", "on", "the", "table", ",", "the", "board", "apparently", "felt", "no", "pressure", "to", "act", "on", "it", ".", "The", "directors", "signaled", ",", "however", ",", "that", "they", "would", "be", "willing", "to", "consider", "future", "offers", "or", "take", "some", "other", "action", "to", "maximize", "shareholder", "value", ",", "saying", "they", "would", "continue", "to", "explore", "``", "all", "strategic", "and", "financial", "alternatives", ".", "''", "But", "it", "was", "clear", "that", "for", "the", "time", "being", ",", "the", "board", "wants", "the", "company", "to", "return", "to", "normalcy", ".", "The", "board", "said", "it", "concluded", "that", "``", "the", "welfare", "of", "the", "company", ",", "its", "shareholders", ",", "its", "employees", "and", "the", "broader", "public", "...", "can", "best", "be", "enhanced", "by", "continued", "development", "of", "UAL", "as", "a", "strong", ",", "viable", ",", "independent", "company", ".", "''", "Mr.", "Wolf", "urged", "all", "employees", "to", "``", "now", "turn", "their", "full", "attention", "''", "to", "operating", "the", "airline", ".", "He", "also", "vowed", "to", "``", "make", "every", "effort", "to", "nurture", "...", "a", "constructive", "new", "relationship", "that", "has", "been", "forged", "with", "participating", "employee", "groups", ".", "''", "But", "Mr.", "Wolf", "faces", "a", "monumental", "task", "in", "pulling", "the", "company", "back", "together", "again", ".", "Labor", "problems", "top", "the", "list", ".", "For", "a", "brief", "time", ",", "the", "buy-out", "effort", "seemed", "to", "solve", "his", "problems", "with", "United", "'s", "pilot", "union", ".", "In", "return", "for", "an", "ownership", "stake", "in", "the", "company", ",", "the", "pilots", "were", "willing", "to", "agree", "to", "a", "seven-year", "contract", "that", "included", "a", "no-strike", "clause", "and", "significant", "wage", "concessions", "and", "productivity", "gains", "the", "union", "previously", "resisted", ".", "That", "contract", "was", "tied", "to", "the", "success", "of", "the", "buy-out", ".", "As", "a", "``", "good-will", "measure", ",", "''", "the", "pilots", "had", "been", "working", "four", "extra", "hours", "a", "month", "and", "had", "agreed", "to", "fly", "UAL", "'s", "two", "new", "Boeing", "747-400", "aircraft", ".", "It", "'s", "uncertain", "if", "the", "pilots", "will", "continue", "to", "do", "so", "without", "a", "contract", "settlement", ".", "The", "union", "said", "late", "last", "night", "that", "it", "is", "still", "committed", "to", "majority", "employee", "ownership", "and", "that", "the", "labor", "disputes", "that", "faced", "the", "company", "prior", "to", "the", "buy-out", "effort", "``", "still", "need", "to", "be", "addressed", ".", "''", "The", "buy-out", "effort", "also", "worsened", "already-strained", "relations", "between", "United", "'s", "pilot", "and", "machinist", "unions", ".", "The", "machinists", "'", "criticisms", "of", "the", "labor-management", "bid", "and", "their", "threats", "of", "a", "strike", "unless", "they", "received", "substantial", "wage", "increases", "this", "year", "helped", "cool", "banks", "'", "interest", "in", "financing", "the", "transaction", ".", "The", "machinists", "previously", "had", "shown", "themselves", "to", "be", "an", "ally", "to", "Mr.", "Wolf", ",", "but", "he", "lost", "much", "of", "his", "credibility", "with", "that", "group", "when", "he", "teamed", "up", "with", "the", "pilot", "union", ".", "The", "machinists", "criticized", "the", "terms", "Mr.", "Wolf", "and", "management", "received", "in", "the", "buy-out", ".", "They", "paid", "$", "15", "million", "for", "a", "1", "%", "stake", "and", "received", "an", "additional", "9", "%", "of", "the", "company", "at", "no", "additional", "cost", ".", "His", "credibility", "is", "also", "on", "the", "line", "in", "the", "investment", "community", ".", "Until", "the", "collapse", "of", "this", "bid", ",", "Mr.", "Wolf", "was", "regarded", "as", "one", "of", "the", "nation", "'s", "savviest", "airline", "executives", "after", "engineering", "turnarounds", "of", "Tiger", "International", "Inc.", "and", "Republic", "Airlines", ".", "But", "he", "and", "his", "chief", "financial", "officer", ",", "John", "Pope", ",", "sowed", "some", "of", "the", "seeds", "for", "the", "deal", "'s", "failure", "by", "insisting", "banks", "accept", "low", "financing", "fees", "and", "interest", "rates", ",", "while", "they", "invested", "in", "the", "transaction", "only", "a", "small", "fraction", "of", "the", "$", "114.3", "million", "they", "stood", "to", "gain", "from", "sale", "of", "their", "UAL", "stock", "and", "options", ".", "The", "board", "'s", "actions", "leave", "takeover", "stock", "traders", "nursing", "some", "$", "700", "million", "in", "losses", "and", "eager", "to", "respond", "to", "anyone", "who", "might", "make", "a", "new", "offer", ".", "It", "also", "inevitably", "leaves", "a", "residue", "of", "shareholder", "lawsuits", ".", "Arbitragers", "said", "they", "were", "disappointed", "the", "company", "did", "n't", "announce", "some", "recapitalization", "or", "other", "plan", "to", "maximize", "value", ".", "One", "takeover", "expert", "noted", "that", "arbitragers", "could", "force", "a", "recapitalization", "through", "the", "written", "consent", "process", "under", "which", "holders", "may", "oust", "the", "board", "by", "a", "majority", "vote", ".", "The", "machinists", "union", "has", "suggested", "it", "may", "propose", "a", "recapitalization", "that", "includes", "a", "special", "dividend", "for", 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[ "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "ccomp", "nmod:poss", "compound", "punct", "appos", "punct", "compound", "obj", "case", "nummod", "obl", "dep", "obl", "case", "fixed", "amod", "obl", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "aux", "root", "advmod", "nummod", "obj", "cc", "conj", "obj", "case", "nummod", "nmod", "punct", "det", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "compound", "obj", "punct", "compound", "conj", "cc", "compound", "compound", "compound", "conj", "punct", "case", "obl", "punct", "nmod:poss", "case", "nsubj", "cc", "compound", "conj", "root", "amod", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "obj", "mark", "xcomp", "nmod:poss", "compound", "compound", "obj", "det", "obl:tmod", "case", "nmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "obj", "case", "amod", "nmod", "cc", "advmod", "nummod", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "aux:pass", "conj", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "det", "amod", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "obj", "det", "obl:tmod", "case", "nmod:poss", "compound", "punct", "appos", "punct", "compound", "obl", "punct", "appos", "case", "det", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "det", "nummod", "amod", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "mark", "xcomp", "nummod", "obj", "det", "obl:tmod", "punct", "advmod", "nummod", "obl:npmod", "case", "det", "obl", "det", "obl:npmod", "advmod", "punct", "cc", "nummod", "obl:npmod", "conj", "case", "amod", "obl", "case", "nummod", "punct", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "obj", "advmod", "det", "obl:tmod", "case", "nmod:poss", "compound", "punct", "appos", "punct", "conj", "punct", "appos", "punct", "compound", "conj", "punct", "appos", "punct", "cc", "conj", "punct", "appos", "punct", "compound", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "det", "compound", "compound", "obj", "punct", "conj", "cc", "compound", "conj", "punct", "det", "compound", "conj", "cc", "amod", "compound", "conj", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "obj", "det", "obl:tmod", "case", "nmod:poss", "compound", "compound", "compound", "compound", "obl", "nummod", "punct", "conj", "punct", "appos", "punct", "cc", "compound", "compound", "punct", "appos", "punct", "conj", "dep", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "amod", "obj", "cc", "det", "compound", "conj", "punct", "conj", "punct", "conj", "cc", "conj", "punct", "dep", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "cop", "root", "case", "nummod", "obl", "punct", "dep", "punct", "root", "punct", "dep", "punct", "root", "compound", "obj", "cc", "compound", "conj", "punct", "dep", "punct", "root", "punct", "dep", "punct", "amod", "nummod", "nsubj", "root", "compound", "obj", "case", "nmod", "punct" ]
[ "A", "licensing", "company", "representing", "the", "University", "of", "Pennsylvania", "added", "Johnson", "&", "Johnson", "to", "its", "lawsuit", "challenging", "a", "university", "faculty", "member", "over", "rights", "to", "Retin-A", "acne", "medicine", ".", "University", "Patents", "Inc.", ",", "based", "in", "Westport", ",", "Conn.", ",", "said", "it", "seeks", "Johnson", "&", "Johnson", "'s", "profits", "from", "sales", "of", "Retin-A", ",", "estimated", "at", "$", "50", "million", ",", "a", "similar", "amount", "of", "punitive", "damages", "and", "the", "right", "to", "license", "Retin-A", "elsewhere", ".", "In", "May", ",", "University", "Patents", "filed", "a", "suit", "in", "federal", "court", "in", "Philadelphia", "against", "Albert", "M.", "Kligman", ",", "a", "researcher", "and", "professor", "at", "the", "University", "of", "Pennsylvania", "School", "of", "Medicine", "who", "developed", "Retin-A", "in", "the", "1960s", "to", "combat", "acne", ".", "Dr.", "Kligman", "patented", "the", "medicine", "while", "employed", "by", "the", "University", ",", "but", "later", "licensed", "the", "Retin-A", "to", "a", "division", "of", "Johnson", "&", "Johnson", ".", "In", "New", "Brunswick", ",", "N.J.", ",", "a", "Johnson", "&", "Johnson", "spokesman", "declined", "comment", "." ]
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[ "det", "compound", "nsubj", "acl", "det", "obj", "case", "nmod", "root", "obj", "cc", "conj", "case", "nmod:poss", "obl", "acl", "det", "compound", "compound", "obj", "case", "obl", "case", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "acl", "case", "obl", "punct", "appos", "punct", "root", "nsubj", "ccomp", "nmod:poss", "cc", "conj", "case", "obj", "case", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "punct", "acl", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "det", "amod", "conj", "case", "amod", "nmod", "cc", "det", "conj", "mark", "acl", "obj", "advmod", "punct", "case", "obl", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "obj", "case", "amod", "obl", "case", "obl", "case", "compound", "compound", "obl", "punct", "det", "appos", "cc", "conj", "case", "det", "dep", "case", "obl", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "obj", "case", "det", "obl", "mark", "advcl", "obj", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "obj", "mark", "advcl", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "cc", "advmod", "conj", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "nmod", "cc", "conj", "punct", "case", "compound", "obl", "punct", "appos", "punct", "det", "compound", "cc", "conj", "nsubj", "root", "obj", "punct" ]
[ "William", "Seidman", ",", "chairman", "of", "the", "Federal", "Deposit", "Insurance", "Corp.", ",", "said", "Lincoln", "Savings", "&", "Loan", "Association", "should", "have", "been", "seized", "by", "the", "government", "in", "1986", "to", "contain", "losses", "that", "he", "estimated", "will", "cost", "taxpayers", "as", "much", "as", "$", "2", "billion", ".", "Mr.", "Seidman", ",", "who", "has", "been", "the", "nation", "'s", "top", "bank", "regulator", ",", "inherited", "the", "problems", "of", "Lincoln", ",", "based", "in", "Irvine", ",", "Calif.", ",", "after", "his", "regulatory", "role", "was", "expanded", "by", "the", "new", "savings-and-loan", "bailout", "law", ".", "He", "made", "his", "comments", "before", "House", "Banking", "Committee", "hearings", "to", "investigate", "what", "appears", "to", "be", "the", "biggest", "thrift", "disaster", "in", "a", "scandal-ridden", "industry", ".", "The", "inquiry", "also", "will", "cover", "the", "actions", "of", "Charles", "Keating", "Jr.", ",", "who", "is", "chairman", "of", "American", "Continental", "Corp.", ",", "Lincoln", "'s", "parent", ",", "and", "who", "contributed", "heavily", "to", "several", "U.S.", "senators", ".", "Mr.", "Seidman", "told", "the", "committee", "that", "the", "Resolution", "Trust", "Corp.", ",", "the", "agency", "created", "to", "sell", "sick", "thrifts", ",", "has", "studied", "Lincoln", "'s", "examination", "reports", "by", "former", "regulators", "dating", "back", "to", "1986", ".", "``", "My", "staff", "indicated", "that", "had", "we", "made", "such", "findings", "in", "one", "of", "our", "own", "institutions", ",", "we", "would", "have", "sought", "an", "immediate", "cease-and-desist", "order", "to", "stop", "the", "hazardous", "operations", ",", "''", "Mr.", "Seidman", "said", ".", "When", "Lincoln", "was", "seized", "by", "the", "government", ",", "for", "example", ",", "15", "%", "of", "its", "loans", ",", "or", "$", "250", "million", ",", "were", "to", "borrowers", "who", "were", "buying", "real", "estate", "from", "one", "of", "American", "Continental", "'s", "50", "other", "subsidiaries", ",", "according", "to", "Mr.", "Seidman", ".", "But", "the", "government", "did", "n't", "step", "in", "until", "six", "months", "ago", ",", "when", "thrift", "officials", "put", "Lincoln", "into", "conservatorship", "--", "the", "day", "after", "American", "Continental", "filed", "for", "Chapter", "11", "bankruptcy", "protection", "from", "creditors", ".", "The", "bankruptcy", "filing", ",", "the", "government", "has", "charged", "in", "a", "$", "1.1", "billion", "civil", "lawsuit", ",", "was", "part", "of", "a", "pattern", "to", "shift", "insured", "deposits", "to", "the", "parent", "company", ",", "which", "used", "the", "deposits", "as", "a", "cache", "for", "real-estate", "deals", ".", "The", "deposits", "that", "have", "been", "transferred", "to", "other", "subsidiaries", "are", "now", "under", "the", "jurisdiction", "of", "the", "bankruptcy", "court", ".", "``", "I", "think", "it", "'s", "fairly", "clear", "-LCB-", "Mr.", "Keating", "-RCB-", "knew", ",", "''", "that", "regulators", "were", "set", "to", "seize", "Lincoln", ",", "Mr.", "Seidman", "said", ".", "Further", "investigation", ",", "he", "said", ",", "may", "result", "in", "further", "actions", "against", "Lincoln", "'s", "executives", ",", "said", "Mr.", "Seidman", ",", "``", "including", "fraud", "actions", ".", "''", "Mr.", "Keating", ",", "for", "his", "part", ",", "has", "filed", "suit", "alleging", "that", "regulators", "unlawfully", "seized", "the", "thrift", ".", "Leonard", "Bickwit", ",", "an", "attorney", "in", "Washington", "for", "Mr.", "Keating", ",", "declined", "to", "comment", "on", "the", "hearings", ",", "except", "to", "say", ",", "``", "We", "will", "be", "responding", "comprehensively", "in", "several", "forums", "to", "each", "of", "these", "allegations", "at", "the", "appropriate", "time", ".", "''", "Lincoln", "'s", "treatment", "by", "former", "thrift", "regulators", ",", "in", "an", "agency", "disbanded", "by", "the", "new", "law", ",", "has", "proved", "embarrassing", "for", "five", "senators", "who", "received", "thousands", "of", "dollars", "in", "campaign", "contributions", "from", "Mr.", "Keating", ".", "Mr.", "Seidman", "said", "yesterday", ",", "for", "example", ",", "that", "Sen.", "Dennis", "DeConcini", "(", "D.", ",", "Ariz.", ")", ",", "who", "received", "$", "48,100", "in", "contributions", "from", "Mr.", "Keating", ",", "phoned", "Mr.", "Seidman", "to", "request", "that", "he", "push", "for", "a", "sale", "of", "Lincoln", "before", "it", "would", "be", "seized", ".", "After", "the", "government", "lawsuit", "was", "filed", "against", "Lincoln", ",", "Sen.", "DeConcini", "returned", "the", "campaign", "contributions", ".", "The", "senator", "'s", "spokesman", "said", "yesterday", "that", "he", "pushed", "for", "the", "sale", "of", "Lincoln", "because", "``", "hundreds", "of", "Arizona", "jobs", "-LCB-", "at", "Lincoln", "-RCB-", "were", "on", "the", "line", ".", "''", "Senate", "Banking", "Committee", "Chairman", "Donald", "Riegle", "(", "D.", ",", "Mich", ".", ")", "has", "also", "returned", "contributions", "he", "received", "from", "Mr.", "Keating", "a", "year", "ago", ".", "Sens.", "John", "Glenn", "(", "D.", ",", "Ohio", ")", ",", "John", "McCain", ",", "(", "R.", ",", "Ariz.", ")", "and", "Alan", "Cranston", "(", "D.", ",", "Calif.", ")", "also", "received", "substantial", "contributions", "from", "Mr.", "Keating", "and", "sought", "to", "intervene", "on", "behalf", "of", "Lincoln", ".", "House", "Banking", "Committee", "Chairman", "Henry", "Gonzalez", "(", "D.", ",", "Texas", ")", "said", "Sen.", "Cranston", "volunteered", "to", "appear", "before", "the", "House", "committee", ",", "if", "necessary", ".", "But", "a", "committee", "staff", "member", "said", "the", "panel", "is", "unlikely", "to", "pursue", "closely", "the", "role", "of", "the", "senators", ".", "At", "the", "hearing", ",", "Mr.", "Seidman", "said", "the", "RTC", "has", "already", "pumped", "$", "729", "million", "into", "Lincoln", "for", "liquidity", ".", "He", "also", "held", "out", "little", "hope", "of", "restitution", "for", "purchasers", "of", "$", "225", "million", "in", "American", "Continental", "subordinated", "debt", ".", "Some", "of", "those", "debtholders", "have", "filed", "a", "suit", ",", "saying", "they", "believed", "they", "were", "buying", "government-insured", "certificates", "of", "deposit", ".", "``", "We", "have", "no", "plans", "at", "this", "time", "to", "pay", "off", "those", "notes", ",", "''", "he", "said", "." ]
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[ "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "appos", "case", "det", "compound", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "root", "compound", "nsubj:pass", "cc", "compound", "conj", "aux", "aux", "aux:pass", "ccomp", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "obl", "mark", "xcomp", "obj", "obj", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "aux", "ccomp", "iobj", "advmod", "advmod", "advmod", "obj", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "cop", "det", "nmod:poss", "case", "amod", "compound", "acl:relcl", "punct", "root", "det", "obj", "case", "nmod", "punct", "acl", "case", "obl", "punct", "appos", "punct", "mark", "nmod:poss", "amod", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "advcl", "case", "det", "amod", "amod", "compound", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "nmod:poss", "obj", "case", "compound", "compound", "compound", "obl", "mark", "acl", "nsubj", "ccomp", "mark", "cop", "det", "amod", "compound", "xcomp", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "advmod", "aux", "root", "det", "obj", 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[ "Northern", "Trust", "Corp.", "said", "its", "board", "adopted", "a", "shareholder", "rights", "plan", "aimed", "at", "deterring", "unwanted", "takeover", "bids", ",", "but", "said", "it", "'s", "not", "aware", "of", "any", "plan", "to", "acquire", "the", "banking", "concern", ".", "Under", "Northern", "Trust", "'s", "plan", ",", "shareholders", "were", "issued", "rights", "that", ",", "in", "the", "event", "of", "certain", "attempted", "takeovers", ",", "allow", "holders", "to", "buy", "shares", "in", "the", "company", "at", "half", "price", "." ]
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[ "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nmod:poss", "nsubj", "ccomp", "det", "compound", "compound", "obj", "acl", "mark", "advcl", "amod", "compound", "obj", "punct", "cc", "conj", "nsubj", "cop", "advmod", "ccomp", "case", "det", "obl", "mark", "acl", "det", "compound", "obj", "punct", "case", "compound", "nmod:poss", "case", "obl", "punct", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "root", "obj", "nsubj", "punct", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "amod", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "acl:relcl", "obj", "mark", "xcomp", "obj", "case", "det", "nmod", "case", "amod", "obl", "punct" ]
[ "John", "B.", "Curcio", ",", "55", "years", "old", ",", "resigned", "as", "chairman", "of", "this", "diesel", "truck", "manufacturer", ",", "effective", "upon", "appointment", "of", "a", "successor", ".", "Last", "month", ",", "Mr.", "Curcio", "was", "succeeded", "by", "Ralph", "E.", "Reins", "as", "chief", "executive", "officer", "following", "several", "quarters", "of", "lackluster", "or", "declining", "performance", "." ]
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[ "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "nummod", "obl:npmod", "amod", "punct", "root", "case", "obl", "case", "det", "amod", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "case", "case", "advcl", "case", "det", "nmod", "punct", "amod", "obl:tmod", "punct", "compound", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "root", "case", "compound", "compound", "obl", "case", "amod", "amod", "obl", "case", "amod", "obl", "case", "amod", "cc", "conj", "nmod", "punct" ]
[ "Humana", "Inc.", "said", "it", "expects", "to", "receive", "about", "$", "27", "million", "in", "federal", "income-tax", "refunds", "and", "interest", "from", "a", "court", "ruling", "on", "a", "tax", "dispute", ".", "The", "health-care", "company", "said", "it", "expects", "the", "refund", "to", "be", "included", "in", "the", "first", "quarter", "ending", "Nov.", "30", ".", "The", "refund", "is", "about", "$", "9", "million", ".", "Accrued", "interest", "on", "the", "refund", "was", "about", "$", "18", "million", "as", "of", "Oct.", "25", ".", "The", "refund", "stems", "from", "a", "court", "ruling", "that", "found", "certain", "payments", "by", "Humana", "subsidiaries", "to", "its", "insurance", "subsidiary", "during", "fiscal", "1977", "through", "1979", "were", "deductible", "as", "premiums", "for", "liability", "insurance", "." ]
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[ "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "ccomp", "mark", "xcomp", "advmod", "obj", "compound", "nummod", "case", "amod", "amod", "nmod", "cc", "conj", "case", "det", "obl", "amod", "case", "det", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "det", "amod", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "ccomp", "det", "obj", "mark", "aux:pass", "xcomp", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "acl", "obl:tmod", "nummod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "cop", "advmod", "root", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "amod", "nsubj", "case", "det", "nmod", "cop", "advmod", "root", "compound", "nummod", "case", "case", "obl", "nummod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "case", "det", "compound", "obl", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "amod", "nsubj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "case", "nmod:poss", "compound", "nmod", "case", "amod", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "cop", "ccomp", "case", "obl", "case", "compound", "nmod", "punct" ]
[ "Your", "Oct.", "4", "front", "page", "noted", "that", "British", "lawyers", "have", "to", "wear", "wigs", "in", "court", "and", "that", "these", "wigs", "are", "made", "from", "horses", "'", "tails", ".", "Do", "you", "think", "the", "British", "know", "something", "that", "we", "do", "n't", "?", "Yale", "Jay", "Lubkin", "Owings", ",", "Md", "." ]
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[ "nmod:poss", "compound", "nummod", "amod", "nsubj", "root", "mark", "amod", "nsubj", "ccomp", "mark", "xcomp", "obj", "case", "obl", "cc", "mark", "det", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "conj", "case", "nmod:poss", "case", "obl", "punct", "aux", "nsubj", "root", "det", "nsubj", "ccomp", "obj", "obj", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "advmod", "punct", "compound", "compound", "root", "root", "punct", "appos", "punct" ]
[ "USX", "Corp.", "declined", "a", "United", "Steelworkers", "request", "for", "a", "reopening", "of", "its", "four-year", "labor", "contract", "that", "is", "due", "to", "expire", "Jan.", "31", ",", "1991", ".", "The", "union", "on", "Oct.", "5", "requested", "that", "the", "contract", "be", "reopened", "to", "restore", "all", "pay", "and", "benefits", "that", "the", "union", "gave", "up", "in", "the", "1982-83", "and", "1986-87", "rounds", "of", "bargaining", ".", "A", "United", "Steelworkers", "spokeman", "said", "Lynn", "Williams", ",", "the", "union", "'s", "president", ",", "was", "out", "of", "town", ".", "The", "union", "wo", "n't", "respond", "to", "the", "USX", "statement", "until", "Mr.", "Williams", "has", "studied", "it", ",", "the", "spokesman", "said", "." ]
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[ "Stock-market", "fears", "and", "relatively", "more", "attractive", "interest", "rates", "pushed", "money-market", "mutual", "fund", "assets", "up", "$", "6.07", "billion", "in", "the", "latest", "week", ",", "the", "sharpest", "increase", "in", "almost", "two", "years", ".", "The", "473", "funds", "tracked", "by", "the", "Investment", "Company", "Institute", ",", "a", "Washington-based", "trade", "group", ",", "rose", "to", "$", "356.1", "billion", ",", "a", "record", ".", "The", "$", "6.07", "billion", "increase", "was", "the", "strongest", "weekly", "inflow", "since", "January", "1988", ".", "The", "increase", "was", "spread", "fairly", "evenly", "among", "all", "three", "types", "of", "funds", ".", "Individual", "investors", ",", "represented", "in", "the", "general-purpose", "and", "broker-dealer", "fund", "categories", ",", "pulled", "money", "from", "the", "stock", "market", "after", "its", "big", "drop", "last", "Friday", "and", "put", "the", "money", "into", "funds", ",", "said", "Jacob", "Dreyer", ",", "vice", "president", "and", "chief", "economist", "of", "the", "Institute", ".", "``", "Insitutional", "investors", ",", "on", "the", "other", "hand", ",", "reacted", "to", "the", "steep", "decline", "in", "yields", "on", "direct", "money-market", "instruments", "following", "the", "stock-market", "decline", "last", "Friday", ",", "''", "Mr.", "Dreyer", "said", ".", "Yields", "on", "money", "funds", "dropped", "in", "the", "week", "ended", "Tuesday", ",", "according", "to", "Donoghue", "'s", "Money", "Fund", "Report", ",", "a", "Holliston", ",", "Mass.", ",", "newsletter", ".", "The", "average", "seven-day", "compounded", "yield", "fell", "to", "8.55", "%", "from", "8.60", "%", "the", "week", "earlier", ",", "Donoghue", "'s", "said", ".", "At", "the", "auction", "of", "six-month", "U.S.", "Treasury", "bills", "on", "Monday", ",", "the", "average", "yield", "fell", "to", "7.61", "%", "from", "7.82", "%", ".", "Likewise", ",", "certificates", "of", "deposit", "on", "average", "posted", "lower", "yields", "in", "the", "week", "ended", "Tuesday", ".", "The", "142", "institutional-type", "money", "funds", "rose", "$", "2.23", "billion", "to", "$", "85.49", "billion", ".", "The", "235", "general-purpose", "funds", "increased", "$", "2.53", "billion", "to", "$", "116.56", "billion", ",", "while", "96", "broker-dealer", "funds", "increased", "$", "1.3", "billion", "to", "$", "154.05", "billion", "." ]
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"remains", "unclear", "how", "far", "Western", "tourists", "and", "foreigners", "living", "in", "Moscow", "will", "be", "allowed", "to", "benefit", "from", "the", "sweeping", "rate", "cut", ".", "The", "current", "ruble", "rate", "has", "long", "been", "out", "of", "line", "with", "the", "black", "market", ".", "As", "Soviet", "leader", "Mikhail", "Gorbachev", "has", "opened", "up", "the", "country", "to", "foreign", "trade", ",", "the", "discrepancy", "has", "become", "ever", "greater", ".", "Western", "tourists", "in", "the", "Soviet", "Union", "who", "could", "exchange", "a", "dollar", "--", "albeit", "illegally", "--", "for", "about", "four", "rubles", "a", "year", "ago", "are", "now", "being", "offered", "15", "rubles", "or", "more", ".", "Even", "at", "such", "rates", ",", "black", "marketeers", "have", "been", "able", "to", "make", "big", "profits", "because", "of", "the", "dire", "shortage", "of", "consumer", "goods", "here", ".", "They", "use", "dollars", "to", "buy", "Western", "items", "such", "as", "video", "recorders", "and", "personal", "computers", "and", "then", "sell", "them", "at", "a", "huge", "mark-up", ".", "The", "going", "rate", "for", "a", "small", "personal", "computer", "that", "costs", "about", "$", "2,000", "in", "the", "West", "is", "anywhere", "from", "50,000", "to", "100,000", "rubles", ".", "Even", "a", "pack", "of", "20", "Western", "cigarettes", "can", "fetch", "20", "rubles", "or", "more", ".", "With", "more", "than", "300", "billion", "rubles", "in", "savings", "accounts", "and", "little", "to", "spend", "them", "on", ",", "Soviet", "consumers", "grumble", "at", "the", "exorbitant", "black-market", "prices", "for", "such", "goods", "--", "but", "they", "buy", "them", "anyway", ".", "Moscow", "has", "already", "tacitly", "admitted", "that", "the", "ruble", "is", "n't", "worth", "much", ",", "announcing", "in", "August", "that", "it", "will", "pay", "Soviet", "farmers", "in", "hard", "currency", "for", "grain", "and", "other", "produce", "that", "they", "grow", "in", "excess", "of", "state-plan", "quotas", ".", "``", "The", "absurdity", "of", "the", "official", "rate", "should", "seem", "obvious", "to", "everyone", ",", "''", "the", "afternoon", "newspaper", "Izvestia", "wrote", "in", "a", "brief", "commentary", "on", "the", "devaluation", ".", "The", "State", "Bank", "'s", "move", "is", "part", "of", "a", "drive", "to", "iron", "out", "exchange-rate", "discrepancies", "as", "Moscow", "moves", "toward", "making", "the", "ruble", "convertible", "--", "a", "goal", "that", "Soviet", "bankers", "and", "economists", "say", "is", "still", "far", "away", ".", "Rumors", "of", "an", "impending", "devaluation", "have", "been", "circulating", "in", "Moscow", "for", "weeks", ",", "but", "the", "size", "of", "the", "cut", "took", "many", "Western", "bankers", "by", "surprise", ".", "``", "It", "'s", "much", "bigger", "than", "we", "expected", ",", "''", "said", "one", "German", "banker", ",", "who", "asked", "not", "to", "be", "named", ".", "The", "next", "step", ",", "which", "could", "have", "a", "larger", "effect", "on", "businesses", ",", "will", "come", "early", "next", "month", ",", "when", "the", "Bank", "for", "Foreign", "Economic", "Affairs", "is", "to", "hold", "its", "first", "auction", "of", "foreign", "currency", ".", "Soviet", "companies", "needing", "Western", "currencies", "to", "buy", "equipment", "and", "supplies", "abroad", "will", "be", "able", "to", "submit", "bids", ".", "Plans", "for", "the", "auction", ",", "which", "was", "supposed", "to", "take", "place", "last", "spring", "and", "become", "a", "regular", "event", ",", "have", "been", "thwarted", "by", "a", "lack", "of", "hard", "currency", ".", "Soviet", "firms", "that", "hold", "some", "are", "unwilling", "to", "part", "with", "it", ",", "and", "joint", "ventures", "are", "n't", "yet", "allowed", "to", "participate", ".", "The", "Kremlin", "also", "has", "been", "unwilling", "to", "provide", "hard", "currency", "for", "the", "auction", ",", "using", "a", "lot", "of", "it", "instead", "to", "finance", "emergency", "imports", "of", "consumer", "goods", ".", "If", "foreign", "tourists", "and", "businesses", "could", "sell", "their", "currencies", "freely", "at", "the", "new", ",", "better", "exchange", "rate", ",", "that", "would", "enable", "the", "State", "Bank", "to", "increase", "its", "dollar", "reserves", "and", "would", "mop", "up", "some", "of", "the", "excess", "rubles", "in", "the", "economy", "at", "the", "same", "time", ".", "But", "the", "amounts", "they", "exchange", "may", "be", "limited", ";", "most", "Soviet", "hotels", ",", "for", "example", ",", "demand", "payment", "in", "hard", "currency", "from", "Western", "visitors", ".", "Unless", "other", "rules", "are", "changed", ",", "the", "devaluation", "could", "cause", "difficulties", "for", "the", "people", "it", "is", "primarily", "meant", "to", "help", ":", "Soviets", "who", "travel", "abroad", ".", "Over", "the", "past", "three", "years", ",", "thousands", "of", "people", "here", "have", "made", "use", "of", "looser", "travel", "restrictions", "to", "get", "their", "first", "taste", "of", "life", "abroad", ".", "But", "under", "current", "rules", ",", "they", "are", "allowed", "to", "change", "just", "200", "rubles", "into", "dollars", "and", "other", "currencies", "for", "each", "trip", ".", "At", "the", "new", "rate", ",", "that", "would", "give", "them", "about", "$", "30", "to", "travel", "on", ".", "It", "is", "n't", "yet", "clear", "whether", "the", "200-ruble", "limit", "will", "be", "lifted", ".", "If", "it", "is", "n't", ",", "the", "black", "market", "for", "dollars", "probably", "will", "continue", "to", "thrive", "." ]
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[ "Treasury", "Undersecretary", "David", "Mulford", "defended", "the", "Treasury", "'s", "efforts", "this", "fall", "to", "drive", "down", "the", "value", "of", "the", "dollar", ",", "saying", "it", "helped", "minimize", "damage", "from", "the", "190-point", "drop", "in", "the", "stock", "market", "Oct.", "13", ".", "Testifying", "before", "a", "House", "subcommittee", ",", "Mr.", "Mulford", "said", "that", "if", "the", "Treasury", "had", "n't", "intervened", "in", "foreign-exchange", "markets", "in", "September", "and", "early", "October", "to", "reduce", "the", "dollar", "'s", "value", ",", "the", "plunge", "in", "the", "stock", "market", "might", "have", "provoked", "a", "steep", "fall", "in", "the", "currency", "that", "might", "have", "``", "unhinged", "financial", "markets", ".", "''", "Mr.", "Mulford", ",", "responding", "to", "critics", "of", "intervention", ",", "also", "said", "intervention", "is", "``", "highly", "visible", ",", "''", "is", "taken", "seriously", "by", "financial", "markets", "and", "works", "better", "than", "``", "was", "recognized", "some", "time", "ago", ".", "''", "Differences", "between", "the", "Treasury", "and", "the", "Federal", "Reserve", "on", "the", "usefulness", "of", "intervention", "to", "help", "restrain", "the", "dollar", "resurfaced", "at", "the", "hearing", ".", "Fed", "Vice", "Chairman", "Manuel", "Johnson", ",", "who", "had", "dissented", "from", "the", "Treasury", "'s", "policy", ",", "told", "lawmakers", ",", "``", "I", "became", "convinced", "about", "what", "looked", "to", "me", "like", "an", "attempt", "to", "push", "the", "dollar", "down", "against", "the", "fundamentals", "in", "the", "market", ".", "''", "Intervention", ",", "he", "added", ",", "is", "useful", "only", "to", "smooth", "disorderly", "markets", ",", "not", "to", "fundamentally", "influence", "the", "dollar", "'s", "value", ".", "Rep.", "John", "LaFalce", "(", "D.", ",", "N.Y", ".", ")", "said", "Mr.", "Johnson", "refused", "to", "testify", "jointly", "with", "Mr.", "Mulford", "and", "instead", "asked", "to", "appear", "after", "the", "Treasury", "official", "had", "completed", "his", "testimony", ".", "A", "Fed", "spokesman", "denied", "Mr.", "LaFalce", "'s", "statement", ".", "Mr.", "Mulford", "said", "reports", "of", "tension", "between", "the", "Treasury", "and", "Fed", "have", "been", "exaggerated", ",", "insisting", "that", "they", "involved", "``", "nuances", ".", "''", "Mr.", "Johnson", "also", "said", "that", "``", "in", "the", "scheme", "of", "things", ",", "these", "things", "are", "minor", ".", "''", "On", "other", "matters", ",", "Mr.", "Mulford", "said", "West", "Germany", "is", "contributing", "to", "imbalances", "in", "the", "world", "economy", "because", "of", "its", "success", "as", "an", "exporter", ".", "``", "The", "solution", "is", "stronger", "domestic", "growth", "-LCB-", "in", "Germany", "-RCB-", ",", "''", "he", "said", ".", "But", "because", "the", "growth", "of", "the", "German", "economy", "has", "been", "stronger", "than", "expected", ",", "Mr.", "Mulford", "said", ",", "it", "'s", "difficult", "for", "the", "U.S.", "to", "argue", "that", "Germany", "ought", "to", "adopt", "more", "stimulative", "monetary", "and", "fiscal", "policies", ".", "Germany", "'s", "trade", "surplus", "is", "largely", "with", "other", "European", "countries", "rather", "than", "with", "the", "U.S.", ",", "Mr.", "Mulford", "acknowledged", ".", "But", "nonetheless", "U.S.", "companies", "might", "be", "more", "successful", "in", "European", "markets", "if", "not", "for", "the", "German", "export", "push", ",", "he", "said", "." ]
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[ "At", "a", "time", "when", "foreign", "banks", "are", "pouring", "vast", "resources", "and", "personnel", "into", "West", "Germany", "'s", "financial", "center", ",", "the", "opening", "of", "a", "three-man", "office", "on", "a", "Frankfurt", "side", "street", "should", "n't", "attract", "much", "attention", ".", "Unless", ",", "of", "course", ",", "it", "happens", "to", "be", "run", "by", "the", "Rothschilds", ".", "After", "an", "88-year", "absence", "from", "the", "birthplace", "of", "the", "family", "banking", "empire", ",", "the", "return", "of", "the", "Rothschild", "group", "to", "Frankfurt", "was", "greeted", "by", "the", "glare", "of", "television", "lights", ",", "curious", "reporters", "and", "a", "mayoral", "reception", "in", "Town", "Hall", ".", "Like", "other", "foreign", "banks", "establishing", "a", "presence", "here", ",", "the", "family", "describes", "its", "move", "as", "a", "calculated", "decision", "to", "set", "up", "a", "financial", "services", "outlet", "in", "Europe", "'s", "largest", "economy", "ahead", "of", "the", "integration", "of", "European", "Community", "markets", "after", "1992", ".", "Yet", "the", "Rothschilds", "do", "n't", "deny", "an", "emotional", "element", "to", "the", "decision", ".", "In", "1796", ",", "Mayer", "Amschel", "Rothschild", "founded", "Bankhaus", "M.A.", "Rothschild", "&", "Sons", "and", "later", "sent", "his", "four", "sons", "to", "London", ",", "Paris", ",", "Vienna", "and", "Naples", "to", "begin", "the", "bank", "'s", "expansion", "during", "the", "early", "19th", "century", ".", "The", "original", "bank", "in", "Frankfurt", "closed", "in", "1901", "after", "the", "death", "of", "Wilhelm", "Carl", "von", "Rothschild", ",", "and", "the", "family", "'s", "banking", "activities", "focused", "on", "London", "and", "Paris", ".", "Baron", "Elie", "de", "Rothschild", ",", "the", "family", "'s", "elder", "spokesman", ",", "explains", "that", "by", "the", "end", "of", "the", "19th", "century", ",", "Berlin", "had", "replaced", "Frankfurt", "as", "Germany", "'s", "financial", "center", ".", "Yet", "the", "chief", "reason", "for", "the", "closure", ",", "he", "says", ",", "was", "rooted", "in", "a", "family", "tradition", "that", "would", "n't", "allow", "a", "bank", "to", "bear", "the", "Rothschild", "name", "without", "a", "Rothschild", "in", "its", "management", ".", "``", "At", "the", "time", "we", "had", "only", "daughters", ",", "''", "explains", "the", "72-year-old", "patriarch", ",", "``", "so", "we", "had", "to", "close", "the", "bank", ".", "''", "Much", "of", "the", "family", "'s", "mystique", "remained", ".", "Although", "its", "palatial", "residence", "was", "destroyed", "by", "bombs", "during", "World", "War", "II", ",", "the", "Rothschilds", "'", "place", "in", "Frankfurt", "'s", "history", "is", "still", "recalled", "by", "the", "city", "park", "and", "a", "street", "bearing", "the", "Rothschild", "name", ".", "The", "family", "'s", "long", "absence", "is", "understandable", ".", "The", "family", "was", "in", "Allied", "countries", "during", "both", "World", "War", "I", "and", "the", "long", "period", "of", "economic", "strife", "of", "the", "1920s", ".", "During", "the", "Third", "Reich", ",", "the", "Rothschilds", "were", "a", "target", "of", "Nazi", "propaganda", "against", "Jewish", "financiers", ".", "The", "persecution", "pursued", "the", "Rothschilds", "across", "Europe", "as", "the", "Nazis", "grabbed", "countries", ",", "confiscating", "the", "family", "'s", "property", "in", "the", "process", ".", "American", "journalist", "William", "L.", "Shirer", ",", "in", "his", "book", "``", "The", "Rise", "and", "Fall", "of", "the", "Third", "Reich", ",", "''", "wrote", "of", "how", "in", "Vienna", "he", "had", "witnessed", "``", "squads", "of", "-LCB-", "Nazi", "-RCB-", "SS", "men", "carting", "off", "silver", ",", "tapestries", ",", "paintings", "and", "other", "loot", "from", "the", "Rothschild", "palace", ".", "''", "In", "the", "immediate", "postwar", "years", ",", "the", "Rothschilds", "concentrated", "on", "rebuilding", "their", "other", "European", "operations", ",", "delaying", "their", "return", "to", "Frankfurt", ".", "``", "For", "a", "member", "of", "the", "Rothschild", "family", ",", "the", "return", "to", "Frankfurt", "is", "a", "very", "meaningful", "event", ",", "although", "it", "might", "not", "mean", "as", "much", "to", "German", "banking", "as", "it", "means", "to", "us", ",", "''", "says", "Baron", "David", "de", "Rothschild", ",", "Elie", "'s", "younger", "cousin", "and", "a", "partner", "in", "Rothschild", "&", "Cie", ".", "Banque", "in", "Paris", ".", "Indeed", ",", "the", "competition", "is", "n't", "greatly", "concerned", ".", "``", "It", "would", "be", "surprising", "if", "they", "did", "n't", "come", "to", "Frankfurt", "in", "time", "for", "1992", ",", "and", "they", "bring", "an", "interesting", "tradition", ".", "But", "the", "market", "really", "is", "n't", "going", "to", "be", "stood", "on", "its", "head", ",", "''", "said", "a", "banker", "at", "one", "of", "Frankfurt", "'s", "Big", "Three", "banks", ".", "The", "return", "of", "the", "Rothschilds", "is", "modest", ".", "The", "new", "representative", "office", ",", "with", "one", "manager", "and", "two", "assistants", "--", "none", "a", "member", "of", "the", "Rothschild", "family", "--", "will", "carry", "out", "no", "banking", "operations", "of", "its", "own", ".", "Instead", ",", "it", "is", "to", "seek", "out", "corporate", "financing", "business", "and", "sell", "investment", "products", "on", "behalf", "of", "the", "family", "'s", "mainstay", "banking", "units", ":", "N", "M", "Rothschild", "&", "Sons", "Ltd.", "in", "London", ",", "Rothschild", "&", "Cie.", "in", "Paris", "and", "Rothschild", "Bank", "AG", "in", "Zurich", ".", "The", "constraints", "do", "n't", "bother", "the", "office", "'s", "54-year-old", "manager", ",", "Erich", "Stromeyer", ".", "He", "left", "his", "job", "as", "general", "manager", "of", "Shearson", "Lehman", "Hutton", "Holdings", "Inc.", "'s", "Frankfurt", "office", "because", ",", "he", "says", ",", "``", "When", "the", "Rothschilds", "called", ",", "I", "could", "n't", "resist", ".", "''", "Each", "Rothschild", "bank", "is", "linked", "by", "family", "ties", "and", "cross-ownership", ".", "In", "March", ",", "N", "M", "Rothschild", "in", "London", "and", "Rothschild", "Bank", "in", "Zurich", "showed", "assets", "of", "#", "4.1", "billion", "(", "$", "6.51", "billion", ")", "and", "1.26", "billion", "Swiss", "francs", "(", "$", "774", "million", ")", ",", "respectively", ".", "The", "Paris", "bank", "does", "n't", "publish", "that", "figure", ".", "In", "Europe", ",", "the", "Rothschilds", "banks", "are", "focusing", "on", "mergers", "and", "acquisitions", "as", "European", "industry", "restructures", "ahead", "of", "1992", ".", "Yet", "the", "group", "'s", "limited", "resources", "makes", "it", "a", "niche", "player", ".", "``", "Obviously", ",", "there", "are", "quantitative", "limitations", "on", "the", "assistance", "we", "can", "provide", ",", "''", "concedes", "Baron", "David", "de", "Rothschild", ",", "``", "but", "we", "feel", "we", "have", "some", "cards", "to", "play", ".", "''", "Among", "them", ",", "he", "says", ",", "is", "the", "family", "'s", "traditional", "ties", "to", "old", "wealth", "and", "decision-makers", "in", "banking", "and", "industry", "throughout", "Europe", "and", "beyond", ".", "The", "Rothschilds", "hope", "to", "use", "a", "long", "history", "in", "private", "banking", "and", "an", "aura", "of", "exclusivity", "to", "attract", "private", "and", "institutional", "investors", ".", "As", "at", "the", "Zurich", "bank", ",", "the", "minimum", "investment", "for", "individuals", "will", "be", "high", ":", "about", "a", "million", "German", "marks", "(", "$", "538,000", ")", ",", "three", "times", "what", "many", "other", "West", "German", "investment", "banks", "require", ".", "``", "But", "we", "do", "make", "exceptions", ",", "''", "says", "a", "smiling", "Baron", "Elie", "de", "Rothschild", ",", "``", "especially", "if", "they", "are", "very", "young", "and", "have", "very", "rich", "parents", "." ]
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"obj", "case", "amod", "obl", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "obj", "punct", "nsubj", "dep", "punct", "case", "amod", "nmod", "mark", "acl", "compound", "obj", "punct", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "obj", "mark", "advcl", "compound", "obj", "punct", "det", "compound", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "root", "case", "det", "compound", "compound", "compound", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "case", "det", "compound", "obl", "case", "det", "nmod", "punct" ]
[ "Silicon", "Graphics", "Inc.", ",", "a", "fast-growing", "maker", "of", "computer", "workstations", ",", "said", "it", "landed", "two", "federal", "government", "contracts", "worth", "more", "than", "$", "100", "million", "over", "the", "next", "five", "years", ".", "One", "award", "is", "part", "of", "a", "Department", "of", "Defense", "contract", "to", "Loral", "Rolm", "Mil-Spec", "Computers", "and", "could", "be", "valued", "at", "more", "than", "$", "100", "million", "over", "five", "years", ".", "The", "other", "involves", "the", "sale", "of", "about", "35", "of", "the", "company", "'s", "high-end", "workstations", "to", "the", "National", "Institutes", "of", "Health", ".", "The", "models", ",", "which", "cost", "about", "$", "75,000", "each", ",", "will", "be", "used", "in", "research", ".", "The", "awards", "are", "evidence", "that", "Silicon", "Graphics", "'", "approach", "to", "computer", "graphics", "is", "catching", "on", "with", "users", "of", "powerful", "desktop", "computers", ",", "analysts", "said", ".", "``", "The", "company", "'s", "on", "a", "roll", ",", "''", "said", "Robert", "Herwick", ",", "an", "analyst", "at", "Hambrecht", "&", "Quist", ".", "``", "No", "other", "-LCB-", "computer", "-RCB-", "vendor", "offers", "graphics", "performance", "that", "good", "for", "their", "price", ".", "''", "In", "the", "battle", "to", "supply", "desktop", "computers", "for", "researchers", "and", "design", "engineers", ",", "most", "of", "the", "attention", "is", "given", "to", "the", "biggest", "competitors", ":", "Sun", "Microsystems", "Inc.", ",", "Hewlett-Packard", "Co.", "and", "Digital", "Equipment", "Corp.", ",", "which", "make", "computers", "mainly", "aimed", "at", "a", "wide", "range", "of", "engineering", "and", "scientific", "needs", ".", "Silicon", "Graphics", ",", "on", "the", "other", "hand", ",", "has", "targeted", "a", "specific", "niche", "since", "its", "inception", "in", "1982", ",", "which", "has", "been", "dubbed", "by", "some", "as", "``", "motion-picture", "computing", ".", "''", "This", "is", "a", "style", "of", "``", "visual", "''", "computing", "that", "provides", "three-dimensional", ",", "color", "models", "of", "everything", "from", "the", "inside", "of", "a", "house", "to", "the", "latest", "in", "women", "'s", "fashion", ".", "Though", "Silicon", "Graphics", "is", "much", "smaller", "than", "Digital", ",", "Hewlett", "and", "Sun", ",", "it", "has", "emerged", "in", "recent", "years", "as", "a", "feared", "adversary", "in", "this", "graphics", "portion", "of", "the", "workstation", "market", ".", "In", "addition", ",", "the", "company", "has", "made", "it", "tough", "on", "competitors", "by", "offering", "a", "stream", "of", "desktop", "computers", "at", "sharply", "lower", "prices", ".", "A", "year", "ago", ",", "Silicon", "Graphics", "introduced", "a", "model", "priced", "at", "$", "15,000", "--", "almost", "as", "cheap", "as", "mainstream", "workstations", "that", "do", "n't", "offer", "special", "graphics", "features", ".", "Silicon", "Graphics", "also", "plans", "to", "unveil", "even", "less", "expensive", "machines", "in", "the", "near", "future", ".", "``", "It", "'s", "pretty", "safe", "to", "assume", "we", "can", "bring", "the", "cost", "down", "of", "these", "systems", "by", "30", "%", "to", "40", "%", "a", "year", ",", "''", "said", "Edward", "McCracken", ",", "the", "company", "'s", "chief", "executive", "officer", ".", "Silicon", "Graphics", "'", "strategy", "seems", "to", "be", "paying", "off", ".", "Revenue", "for", "its", "first", "quarter", "ended", "Sept.", "30", "was", "$", "86.4", "million", ",", "a", "95", "%", "increase", "over", "the", "year-ago", "period", ".", "Profit", "was", "$", "5.2", "million", ",", "compared", "with", "$", "1", "million", "for", "the", "year-ago", "quarter", "." ]
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[ "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "det", "amod", "appos", "case", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "root", "nsubj", "ccomp", "nummod", "amod", "compound", "obj", "amod", "advmod", "fixed", "dep", "compound", "nummod", "case", "det", "amod", "nummod", "nmod", "punct", "nummod", "nsubj", "cop", "root", "case", "det", "dep", "case", "obl", "nmod", "case", "compound", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "cc", "aux", "aux:pass", "conj", "case", "advmod", "fixed", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "case", "nummod", "nmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "compound", "obj", "case", "advmod", "nmod", "case", "det", "nmod:poss", "case", "amod", "nmod", "case", "det", "compound", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj:pass", "punct", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "advmod", "obj", "nummod", "obl:npmod", "punct", "aux", "aux:pass", "root", "case", "obl", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "cop", "ccomp", "mark", "compound", "nmod:poss", "case", "nsubj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "aux", "ccomp", "compound:prt", "case", "obl", "case", "amod", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "punct", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "cop", "case", "det", "ccomp", "punct", "punct", "root", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "det", "appos", "case", "nmod", "cc", "conj", "punct", "punct", "advmod", "amod", "punct", "compound", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "compound", "obj", "det", "amod", "case", "nmod:poss", "obl", "punct", "punct", "case", "det", "obl", "mark", "acl", "compound", "obj", "case", "obl", "cc", "compound", "conj", "punct", "nsubj:pass", "case", "det", "nmod", "aux:pass", "root", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "punct", "compound", "compound", "dep", "punct", "compound", "conj", "cc", "compound", "compound", "conj", "punct", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "obj", "advmod", "acl", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "case", "compound", "cc", "conj", "nmod", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "punct", "aux", "root", "det", "amod", "obj", "case", "nmod:poss", "obl", "case", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "aux:pass", "dep", "case", "obl", "case", "punct", "amod", "obl", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "cop", "det", "root", "case", "punct", "amod", "punct", "nmod", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "amod", "punct", "dep", "obj", "case", "nmod", "case", "det", "nmod", "case", "det", "nmod", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "nmod:poss", "case", "nmod", "punct", "dep", "compound", "nsubj", "cop", "advmod", "advcl", "case", "obl", "punct", "conj", "cc", "conj", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "root", "case", "amod", "obl", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "case", "det", "compound", "nmod", "case", "det", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "case", "obl", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "aux", "root", "nsubj", "xcomp", "case", "obl", "mark", "advcl", "det", "obj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "case", "advmod", "amod", "obl", "punct", "det", "advmod", "case", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "obj", "acl", "case", "obl", "nummod", "punct", "advmod", "advmod", "amod", "case", "compound", "obl", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "acl:relcl", "amod", "compound", "obj", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "advmod", "root", "mark", "xcomp", "advmod", "advmod", "amod", "obj", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "cop", "advmod", "ccomp", "mark", "xcomp", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "det", "obj", "compound:prt", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "compound", "nummod", "dep", "compound", "obl", "det", "obl:npmod", "punct", "punct", "root", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "det", "nmod:poss", "case", "compound", "compound", "appos", "punct", "compound", "nmod:poss", "case", "nsubj", "root", "mark", "aux", "xcomp", "compound:prt", "punct", "nsubj", "case", "nmod:poss", "amod", "nmod", "acl", "obl:tmod", "nummod", "cop", "root", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "det", "amod", "compound", "appos", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "cop", "root", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "case", "case", "nmod", "compound", "nummod", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "punct" ]
[ "Roy", "E.", "Parrott", ",", "the", "company", "'s", "president", "and", "chief", "operating", "officer", "since", "Sept.", "1", ",", "was", "named", "to", "its", "board", ".", "The", "appointment", "increased", "the", "number", "of", "directors", "to", "10", ",", "three", "of", "whom", "are", "company", "employees", ".", "Simpson", "is", "an", "auto", "parts", "maker", "." ]
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[ "compound", "compound", "nsubj:pass", "punct", "det", "nmod:poss", "case", "appos", "cc", "compound", "compound", "conj", "case", "nmod", "nummod", "punct", "aux:pass", "root", "case", "nmod:poss", "obl", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "det", "obj", "case", "nmod", "case", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "cop", "compound", "acl:relcl", "punct", "nsubj", "cop", "det", "compound", "compound", "root", "punct" ]
[ "Marsh", "&", "McLennan", "Cos.", "said", "it", "agreed", "to", "acquire", "the", "rest", "of", "Gradmann", "&", "Holler", ",", "a", "leading", "West", "German", "insurance", "brokerage", "firm", "in", "which", "it", "has", "held", "a", "15", "%", "stake", "for", "15", "years", ".", "The", "transaction", ",", "for", "cash", "and", "stock", ",", "would", "represent", "the", "biggest", "European", "takeover", "since", "1980", "for", "New", "York-based", "Marsh", "&", "McLennan", ",", "the", "world", "'s", "largest", "insurance", "broker", ".", "It", "'s", "also", "the", "first", "major", "sign", "of", "the", "long-awaited", "consolidation", "in", "the", "European", "insurance", "industry", "as", "the", "European", "Community", "Commission", "moves", "toward", "a", "single", "market", "by", "1992", ".", "Protective", "barriers", "will", "start", "coming", "down", "within", "the", "insurance", "industry", "next", "summer", ",", "when", "big", "industrial", "companies", "will", "be", "able", "to", "buy", "insurance", "from", "carriers", "in", "any", "other", "EC", "country", "for", "the", "first", "time", ".", "That", "'s", "why", "``", "we", "have", "been", "working", "hard", "to", "develop", "a", "single", ",", "more", "unified", "presence", "in", "Europe", ",", "''", "said", "A.J.C.", "Smith", ",", "Marsh", "&", "McLennan", "'s", "president", ",", "at", "a", "London", "news", "conference", "yesterday", ".", "Analysts", "speculated", "that", "Marsh", "&", "McLennan", "would", "spend", "between", "250", "million", "marks", "(", "$", "136.4", "million", ")", "and", "350", "million", "marks", "for", "the", "rest", "of", "Gradmann", "&", "Holler", ",", "or", "roughly", "25", "to", "30", "times", "the", "private", "firm", "'s", "estimated", "earnings", ".", "``", "This", "is", "paying", "a", "big", "price", "to", "maintain", "their", "virility", "as", "the", "world", "'s", "leading", "insurance", "broker", ",", "''", "said", "Philip", "Olsen", ",", "an", "analyst", "at", "Kitcat", "&", "Aitken", ",", "a", "U.K.", "brokerage", "firm", ".", "Earlier", "this", "year", ",", "New", "York", "Life", "Insurance", "Co.", "agreed", "to", "acquire", "Windsor", "Group", "Ltd.", ",", "a", "first", "step", "toward", "establishing", "a", "presence", "in", "the", "European", "market", "ahead", "of", "1992", ".", "But", "most", "U.S.", "insurers", "have", "n't", "rushed", "to", "change", "the", "way", "they", "do", "business", "in", "Europe", "because", "they", "believe", "the", "European", "market", "will", "still", "be", "dominated", "by", "a", "handful", "of", "domestic", "companies", ".", "Under", "the", "proposed", "combination", ",", "Marsh", "&", "McLennan", "would", "gain", "a", "majority", "stake", "in", "Gradmann", "&", "Holler", "that", "would", "increase", "over", "time", "to", "the", "rest", "of", "the", "remaining", "85", "%", ".", "The", "three", "managing", "general", "partners", "would", "receive", "a", "``", "significant", "''", "number", "of", "Marsh", "&", "McLennan", "shares", ",", "said", "Walther", "L.", "Kiep", ",", "a", "partner", "who", "would", "also", "join", "Marsh", "&", "McLennan", "'s", "board", ".", "Mr.", "Kiep", "said", "he", "sought", "the", "combination", "because", "``", "all", "our", "large", "clients", "in", "Germany", "are", "becoming", "European", "companies", "or", "multinational", "companies", "and", "they", "expect", "an", "insurance", "broker", "''", "to", "serve", "them", "as", "well", "in", "Paris", "as", "in", "Germany", ".", "Beatrice", "E.", "Garcia", "in", "Philadelphia", "contributed", "to", "this", "article", "." ]
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[ "compound", "cc", "conj", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "ccomp", "mark", "xcomp", "det", "obj", "case", "nmod", "cc", "conj", "punct", "det", "amod", "amod", "amod", "compound", "compound", "appos", "case", "obl", "nsubj", "aux", "acl:relcl", "det", "compound", "amod", "obj", "case", "nummod", "obl", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "punct", "case", "nmod", "cc", "conj", "punct", "aux", "root", "det", "amod", "amod", "obj", "case", "obl", "case", "compound", "amod", "obl", "cc", "conj", "punct", "det", "nmod:poss", "case", "amod", "compound", "appos", "punct", "nsubj", "cop", "advmod", "det", "advmod", "amod", "root", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "case", "det", "amod", "compound", "nmod", "mark", "det", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "advcl", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "case", "nmod", "punct", "amod", "nsubj", "aux", "root", "xcomp", "advmod", "case", "det", "compound", "obl", "amod", "obl:tmod", "punct", "advmod", "amod", "amod", "nsubj", "aux", "cop", "acl:relcl", "mark", "xcomp", "obj", "case", "obl", "case", "det", "amod", "compound", "nmod", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "ccomp", "advmod", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "aux", "advcl", "advmod", "mark", "xcomp", "det", "amod", "punct", "advmod", "amod", "obj", "case", "nmod", "punct", "punct", "root", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "nmod:poss", "cc", "conj", "case", "appos", "punct", "case", "det", "compound", "compound", "obl", "dep", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "mark", "nsubj", "cc", "conj", "aux", "ccomp", "case", "compound", "nummod", "obl", "punct", "dep", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "cc", "compound", "nummod", "conj", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "nmod", "cc", "conj", "punct", "cc", "advmod", "compound", "dep", "compound", "nummod", "det", "amod", "nmod:poss", "case", "amod", "conj", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "det", "amod", "obj", "mark", "advcl", "nmod:poss", "obj", "case", "det", "nmod:poss", "case", "amod", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "punct", "root", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "det", "appos", "case", "nmod", "cc", "conj", "punct", "det", "compound", "compound", "appos", "punct", "advmod", "det", "obl:tmod", "punct", "compound", "compound", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "mark", "xcomp", "compound", "compound", "obj", "punct", "det", "amod", "obl:npmod", "mark", "acl", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "advmod", "case", "obl", "punct", "cc", "amod", "compound", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "root", "mark", "xcomp", "det", "obj", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "obj", "case", "obl", "mark", "nsubj", "advcl", "det", "amod", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "advmod", "aux:pass", "ccomp", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "cc", "conj", "aux", "root", "det", "compound", "obj", "case", "nmod", "cc", "conj", "nsubj", "aux", "acl:relcl", "case", "obl", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "det", "amod", "nummod", "nmod", "punct", "det", "nummod", "amod", "amod", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "det", "punct", "amod", "punct", "obj", "case", "compound", "cc", "conj", "nmod", "punct", "root", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "det", "appos", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "acl:relcl", "nmod:poss", "cc", "conj", "case", "obj", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "ccomp", "det", "obj", "mark", "punct", "det:predet", "nmod:poss", "amod", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "aux", "advcl", "compound", "xcomp", "cc", "amod", "conj", "cc", "nsubj", "conj", "det", "compound", "obj", "punct", "mark", "xcomp", "obj", "advmod", "fixed", "case", "obl", "case", "case", "obl", "punct", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "root", "case", "det", "obl", "punct" ]
[ "When", "Michael", "S.", "Perry", "took", "the", "podium", "at", "a", "recent", "cosmetics", "industry", "event", ",", "more", "than", "500", "executives", "packing", "the", "room", "snapped", "to", "attention", ".", "Mr.", "Perry", ",", "who", "runs", "Unilever", "Group", "'s", "world-wide", "personal-care", "business", ",", "paused", "to", "scan", "the", "crowd", ".", "``", "I", "see", "we", "have", "about", "half", "the", "audience", "working", "for", "us", ",", "''", "he", "said", ",", "tongue", "in", "cheek", ".", "``", "The", "other", "half", ",", "we", "may", "have", "before", "long", ".", "''", "Members", "of", "the", "audience", "gasped", "or", "laughed", "nervously", ";", "their", "industry", "has", "been", "unsettled", "recently", "by", "acquisitions", ".", "First", "Unilever", ",", "the", "Anglo-Dutch", "packaged-goods", "giant", ",", "spent", "$", "2", "billion", "to", "acquire", "brands", "such", "as", "Faberge", "and", "Elizabeth", "Arden", ".", "It", "now", "holds", "the", "No.", "3", "position", "at", "U.S.", "department-store", "cosmetic", "counters", ".", "Then", "Procter", "&", "Gamble", "Co.", "agreed", "to", "buy", "Noxell", "Corp.", "for", "$", "1.3", "billion", ".", "That", "acquisition", ",", "to", "be", "completed", "by", "year", "end", ",", "will", "include", "the", "Cover", "Girl", "and", "Clarion", "makeup", "lines", ",", "making", "P&G", "the", "top", "marketer", "of", "cosmetics", "in", "mass-market", "outlets", ".", "It", "'s", "not", "so", "much", "the", "idea", "of", "acquisitions", "that", "has", "agitated", "the", "cosmetics", "industry", "as", "the", "companies", "doing", "the", "acquiring", ":", "P&G", "and", "Unilever", "bring", "with", "them", "great", "experience", "with", "mundane", "products", "like", "soap", "and", "toilet", "paper", ",", "sparking", "disdain", "in", "the", "glitzy", "cosmetics", "trade", ";", "but", "they", "also", "bring", "mammoth", "marketing", "clout", ",", "sparking", "fear", ".", "Though", "it", "is", "far", "from", "certain", "that", "companies", "best", "known", "for", "selling", "Promise", "margarine", "and", "Tide", "detergent", "will", "succeed", "in", "cosmetics", ",", "there", "'s", "little", "doubt", "they", "will", "shake", "up", "the", "industry", ".", "For", "now", ",", "both", "companies", "are", "keeping", "quiet", "about", "their", "specific", "plans", ".", "But", "industry", "watchers", "expect", "them", "to", "blend", "the", "methodical", "marketing", "strategies", "they", "use", "for", "more", "mundane", "products", "with", "the", "more", "intuitive", "approach", "typical", "of", "cosmetics", "companies", ".", "Likely", "changes", "include", "more", "emphasis", "on", "research", ",", "soaring", "advertising", "budgets", "and", "aggressive", "pricing", ".", "But", "some", "cosmetics-industry", "executives", "wonder", "whether", "techniques", "honed", "in", "packaged", "goods", "will", "translate", "to", "the", "cosmetics", "business", ".", "Estee", "Lauder", "Inc.", ",", "Revlon", "Inc.", "and", "other", "cosmetics", "houses", "traditionally", "have", "considered", "themselves", "fashion", "enterprises", "whose", "product", "development", "is", "guided", "by", "the", "creative", "intuition", "of", "their", "executives", ".", "Cosmetics", "companies", "roll", "out", "new", "makeup", "colors", "several", "times", "a", "year", ",", "and", "since", "most", "products", "can", "be", "easily", "copied", "by", "competitors", ",", "they", "'re", "loath", "to", "test", "them", "with", "consumers", ".", "``", "Just", "because", "upscale", "cosmetics", "look", "like", "packaged", "goods", "and", "smell", "like", "packaged", "goods", ",", "it", "does", "n't", "mean", "they", "are", "packaged", "goods", ",", "''", "says", "Leonard", "Lauder", ",", "chief", "executive", "of", "Estee", "Lauder", ".", "``", "They", "'re", "really", "fashion", "items", "wrapped", "up", "in", "little", "jars", ".", "''", "In", "contrast", "to", "the", "more", "artistic", "nature", "of", "traditional", "cosmetics", "houses", ",", "Unilever", "and", "P&G", "are", "the", "habitats", "of", "organization", "men", "in", "gray-flannel", "suits", ".", "Both", "companies", "are", "conservative", "marketers", "that", "rely", "on", "extensive", "market", "research", ".", "P&G", ",", "in", "particular", ",", "rarely", "rolls", "out", "a", "product", "nationally", "before", "extensive", "test-marketing", ".", "Both", "can", "be", "extremely", "aggressive", "at", "pricing", "such", "products", "as", "soaps", "and", "diapers", "--", "to", "the", "extent", "that", "some", "industry", "consultants", "predict", "cents-off", "coupons", "for", "mascara", "could", "result", "from", "their", "entry", "into", "the", "field", ".", "P&G", "already", "has", "shown", "it", "can", "meld", "some", "traditional", "packaged-goods", "techniques", "with", "the", "image-making", "of", "the", "cosmetics", "trade", "in", "the", "mass-market", "end", "of", "the", "business", ".", "Consider", "Oil", "of", "Olay", ",", "which", "P&G", "acquired", "as", "part", "of", "Richardson-Vicks", "International", "in", "1985", ".", "The", "moisturizer", ",", "introduced", "in", "1962", ",", "had", "a", "dowdy", "image", ".", "``", "Oil", "of", "Olay", "brought", "with", "it", "the", "baggage", "of", "being", "used", "basically", "by", "older", "women", "who", "had", "already", "aged", ",", "''", "says", "David", "Williams", ",", "a", "consultant", "with", "New", "England", "Consulting", "Group", ".", "P&G", "set", "out", "to", "reposition", "the", "brand", "by", "broadening", "the", "product", "line", "to", "include", "facial", "cleansers", "and", "moisturizers", "for", "sensitive", "skin", ".", "It", "also", "redesigned", "Oil", "of", "Olay", "'s", "packaging", ",", "stamping", "the", "traditional", "pink", "boxes", "with", "gold", "lines", "to", "create", "a", "more", "opulent", "look", ".", "Moreover", ",", "P&G", "shifted", "its", "ad", "campaign", "from", "one", "targeting", "older", "women", "to", "one", "featuring", "a", "woman", "in", "her", "mid-30s", "vowing", "``", "not", "to", "grow", "old", "gracefully", ".", "''", "The", "company", "says", "sales", "have", "soared", ".", "Goliaths", "like", "Unilever", "and", "P&G", "have", "enormous", "financial", "advantages", "over", "smaller", "rivals", ".", "Next", "year", ",", "Noxell", "plans", "to", "roll", "out", "a", "perfume", "called", "Navy", ",", "says", "George", "L.", "Bunting", "Jr.", ",", "chairman", "of", "Noxell", ".", "Without", "P&G", "'s", "backing", ",", "Noxell", "might", "not", "have", "been", "able", "to", "spend", "the", "estimated", "$", "5", "million", "to", "$", "7", "million", "needed", "to", "accomplish", "that", "without", "scrimping", "on", "its", "existing", "brands", ".", "Packaged-goods", "companies", "``", "will", "make", "it", "tougher", "for", "smaller", "people", "to", "remain", "competitive", ",", "''", "Mr.", "Bunting", "says", ".", "Further", "consolidations", "in", "the", "industry", "could", "follow", ".", "Rumors", "that", "Unilever", "is", "interested", "in", "acquiring", "Schering-Plough", "Corp.", "'s", "Maybelline", "unit", "are", "widespread", ".", "Unilever", "wo", "n't", "comment", ";", "Schering", ",", "however", ",", "denies", "the", "brand", "is", "for", "sale", ".", "The", "presence", "of", "Unilever", "and", "P&G", "is", "likely", "to", "increase", "the", "impact", "of", "advertising", "on", "cosmetics", ".", "While", "the", "two", "are", "among", "the", "world", "'s", "biggest", "advertisers", ",", "most", "makers", "of", "upscale", "cosmetics", "spend", "relatively", "little", "on", "national", "ads", ".", "Instead", ",", "they", "focus", "on", "events", "in", "department", "stores", "and", "pour", "their", "promotional", "budgets", "into", "gifts", "that", "go", "along", "with", "purchases", ".", "Estee", "Lauder", ",", "for", "example", ",", "spends", "only", "an", "estimated", "5", "%", "of", "sales", "on", "advertising", "in", "the", "U.S.", ",", "and", "Mr.", "Lauder", "says", "he", "has", "no", "plans", "to", "change", "his", "strategy", ".", "The", "most", "dramatic", "changes", ",", "however", ",", "probably", "will", "come", "in", "new-product", "development", ".", "Nearly", "70", "%", "of", "cosmetics", "sales", "come", "through", "mass-distribution", "outlets", "such", "as", "drug", "stores", "and", "supermarkets", ",", "according", "to", "Andrew", "Shore", ",", "an", "analyst", "at", "Shearson", "Lehman", "Hutton", "Inc", ".", "That", "figure", "has", "been", "inching", "up", "for", "several", "years", ".", "As", "the", "trend", "continues", ",", "demand", "for", "mass-market", "items", "that", "are", "high", "quality", "but", "only", "mid-priced", "--", "particularly", "skin-care", "products", "--", "is", "expected", "to", "increase", ".", "This", "fall", ",", "for", "example", ",", "L'Oreal", "Group", ",", "ordinarily", "a", "high-end", "line", ",", "rolled", "out", "a", "drug-store", "line", "of", "skin-care", "products", "called", "Plenitude", ",", "which", "retail", "for", "$", "5", "to", "$", "15", ".", "The", "packaged-goods", "marketers", "may", "try", "filling", "that", "gap", "with", "a", "spate", "of", "new", "products", ".", "Unlike", "the", "old-line", "cosmetics", "houses", ",", "Unilever", "and", "P&G", "both", "have", "enormous", "research", "and", "development", "bases", "to", "draw", "on", "for", "new", "products", ".", "P&G", ",", "in", "fact", ",", "is", "noted", "for", "gaining", "market", "leadership", "by", "introducing", "products", "that", "offer", "a", "technical", "edge", "over", "the", "competition", ".", "Sales", "of", "its", "Tide", "detergent", "soared", "earlier", "this", "year", ",", "for", "example", ",", "after", "P&G", "introduced", "a", "version", "that", "includes", "a", "bleach", "safe", "for", "all", "colors", "and", "fabrics", ".", "That", "'s", "led", "industry", "executives", "to", "speculate", "that", "future", "product", "development", "will", "be", "driven", "more", "by", "technological", "innovation", "than", "by", "fashion", "whims", "--", "especially", "among", "mass-market", "brands", ".", "``", "There", "will", "be", "more", "emphasis", "on", "quality", ",", "''", "says", "Guy", "Peyrelongue", ",", "chief", "executive", "of", "Cosmair", "Inc.", ",", "the", "U.S.", "licensee", "of", "L'Oreal", ".", "``", "You", "'ll", "see", "fewer", "gimmicks", ".", "''", "But", "success", "for", "Unilever", "and", "P&G", "is", "far", "from", "guaranteed", ",", "as", "shown", "by", "the", "many", "consumer-product", "companies", "that", "have", "tried", "and", "failed", "to", "master", "the", "quirky", "beauty", "business", ".", "In", "the", "1970s", ",", "several", "pharmaceutical", "and", "packaged-goods", "companies", ",", "including", "Colgate-Palmolive", "Co.", ",", "Eli", "Lilly", "&", "Co.", ",", "Pfizer", "Inc.", "and", "Schering-Plough", "acquired", "cosmetics", "companies", ".", "Industry", 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[ "When", "China", "opened", "its", "doors", "to", "foreign", "investors", "in", "1979", ",", "toy", "makers", "from", "Hong", "Kong", "were", "among", "the", "first", "to", "march", "in", ".", "Today", ",", "with", "about", "75", "%", "of", "the", "companies", "'", "products", "being", "made", "in", "China", ",", "the", "chairman", "of", "the", "Hong", "Kong", "Toys", "Council", ",", "Dennis", "Ting", ",", "has", "suggested", "a", "new", "sourcing", "label", ":", "``", "Made", "in", "China", "by", "Hong", "Kong", "Companies", ".", "''", "The", "toy", "makers", "were", "pushed", "across", "the", "border", "by", "rising", "labor", "and", "land", "costs", "in", "the", "British", "colony", ".", "But", "in", "the", "wake", "of", "the", "shootings", "in", "Beijing", "on", "June", "4", ",", "the", "Hong", "Kong", "toy", "industry", "is", "worrying", "about", "its", "strong", "dependence", "on", "China", ".", "Although", "the", "manufacturers", "stress", "that", "production", "has", "n't", "been", "affected", "by", "China", "'s", "political", "turmoil", ",", "they", "are", "looking", "for", "additional", "sites", ".", "The", "toy", "makers", ",", "and", "their", "foreign", "buyers", ",", "cite", "uncertainty", "about", "China", "'s", "economic", "and", "political", "policies", ".", "``", "Nobody", "wants", "to", "have", "all", "his", "eggs", "in", "one", "basket", ",", "''", "says", "David", "Yeh", ",", "chairman", "and", "chief", "executive", "officer", "of", "International", "Matchbox", "Group", "Ltd", ".", "Indeed", ",", "Matchbox", "and", "other", "leading", "Hong", "Kong", "toy", "makers", "were", "setting", "up", "factories", "in", "Southeast", "Asia", ",", "especially", "in", "Thailand", ",", "long", "before", "the", "massacre", ".", "Their", "steps", "were", "partly", "prompted", "by", "concern", "over", "a", "deterioration", "of", "business", "conditions", "in", "southern", "China", ".", "By", "diversifying", "supply", "sources", ",", "the", "toy", "makers", "do", "n't", "intend", "to", "withdraw", "from", "China", ",", "manufacturers", "and", "foreign", "buyers", "say", ".", "It", "would", "n't", "be", "easy", "to", "duplicate", "quickly", "the", "manufacturing", "capacity", "built", "up", "in", "southern", "China", "during", "the", "past", "decade", ".", "A", "supply", "of", "cheap", "labor", "and", "the", "access", "to", "Hong", "Kong", "'s", "port", ",", "airport", ",", "banks", "and", "support", "industries", ",", "such", "as", "printing", "companies", ",", "have", "made", "China", "'s", "Guangdong", "province", "a", "premier", "manufacturing", "site", ".", "``", "South", "China", "is", "the", "most", "competitive", "source", "of", "toys", "in", "the", "world", ",", "''", "says", "Henry", "Hu", ",", "executive", "director", "of", "Wah", "Shing", "Toys", "Consolidated", "Ltd", ".", "Hong", "Kong", "trade", "figures", "illustrate", "the", "toy", "makers", "'", "reliance", "on", "factories", "across", "the", "border", ".", "In", "1988", ",", "exports", "of", "domestically", "produced", "toys", "and", "games", "fell", "19", "%", "from", "1987", ",", "to", "HK$", "10.05", "billion", "(", "US$", "1.29", "billion", ")", ".", "But", "re-exports", ",", "mainly", "from", "China", ",", "jumped", "75", "%", ",", "to", "HK$", "15.92", "billion", ".", "In", "1989", "'s", "first", "seven", "months", ",", "domestic", "exports", "fell", "29", "%", ",", "to", "HK$", "3.87", "billion", ",", "while", "re-exports", "rose", "56", "%", ",", "to", "HK$", "11.28", "billion", ".", "Manufacturers", "say", "there", "is", "no", "immediate", "substitute", "for", "southern", "China", ",", "where", "an", "estimated", "120,000", "people", "are", "employed", "by", "the", "toy", "industry", ".", "``", "For", "the", "next", "few", "years", ",", "like", "it", "or", "not", ",", "China", "is", "going", "to", "be", "the", "main", "supplier", ",", "''", "says", "Edmund", "Young", ",", "vice", "president", "of", "Perfecta", "Enterprises", "Ltd.", ",", "one", "of", "the", "first", "big", "Hong", "Kong", "toy", "makers", "to", "move", "across", "the", "border", ".", "In", "the", "meantime", ",", "as", "manufacturers", "and", "buyers", "seek", "new", "sites", ",", "they", "are", "focusing", "mainly", "on", "Southeast", "Asia", ".", "Several", "big", "companies", "have", "established", "manufacturing", "joint", "ventures", "in", "Thailand", ",", "including", "Matchbox", ",", "Wah", "Shing", "and", "Kader", "Industrial", "Co.", ",", "the", "toy", "manufacturer", "headed", "by", "Mr.", "Ting", ".", "Malaysia", ",", "the", "Philippines", "and", "Indonesia", "also", "are", "being", "studied", ".", "With", "the", "European", "Community", "set", "to", "remove", "its", "internal", "trade", "barriers", "in", "1992", ",", "several", "Hong", "Kong", "companies", "are", "beginning", "to", "consider", "Spain", ",", "Portugal", "and", "Greece", "as", "possible", "manufacturing", "sites", ".", "Worries", "about", "China", "came", "just", "as", "Hong", "Kong", "'s", "toy", "industry", "was", "recovering", "from", "a", "1987", "sales", "slump", "and", "bankruptcy", "filings", "by", "two", "major", "U.S.", "companies", ",", "Worlds", "of", "Wonder", "Inc.", "and", "Coleco", "Industries", "Inc", ".", "Hong", "Kong", "manufacturers", "say", "large", "debt", "writeoffs", "and", "other", "financial", "problems", "resulting", "from", "the", "1987", "difficulties", "chastened", "the", "local", "industry", ",", "causing", "it", "to", "tighten", "credit", "policies", "and", "financial", "management", ".", "The", "industry", "regards", "last", "year", "and", "this", "year", "as", "a", "period", "of", "recovery", "that", "will", "lead", "to", "improved", "results", ".", "Still", ",", "they", "long", "for", "a", "``", "mega-hit", "''", "toy", "to", "excite", "retail", "sales", "in", "the", "U.S.", ",", "Hong", "Kong", "'s", "biggest", "market", "for", "toys", "and", "games", ".", "The", "closest", "thing", "the", "colony", "'s", "companies", "have", "to", "a", "U.S.", "mega-hit", "this", "year", "is", "the", "Teenage", "Mutant", "Ninja", "Turtles", "series", "of", "action", "figures", "manufactured", "by", "Playmates", "Holdings", "Ltd", ".", "Introduced", "in", "mid-1988", ",", "the", "15-centimeter-tall", "plastic", "turtles", "are", "based", "on", "an", "American", "comic", "book", "and", "television", "series", ".", "Paul", "Kwan", ",", "managing", "director", "of", "Playmates", ",", "says", "10", "million", "Ninja", "Turtles", "have", "been", "sold", ",", "placing", "the", "reptilian", "warriors", "among", "the", "10", "biggest-selling", "toys", "in", "the", "U.S.", ".", "Should", "sales", "continue", "to", "be", "strong", "through", "the", "Christmas", "season", ",", "which", "accounts", "for", "about", "60", "%", "of", "U.S.", "retail", "toy", "sales", ",", "Mr.", "Kwan", "said", "the", "Ninja", "Turtles", "could", "make", "1989", "a", "record", "sales", "year", "for", "Playmates", ".", "Other", "Hong", "Kong", "manufacturers", "expect", "their", "results", "to", "improve", "only", "slightly", "this", "year", "from", "1988", ".", "Besides", "the", "lack", "of", "a", "fast-selling", "product", ",", "they", "cite", "the", "continued", "dominance", "of", "the", "U.S.", "market", "by", "Nintendo", "Entertainment", "System", ",", "an", "expensive", "video", "game", "made", "by", "Nintendo", "Co.", "of", "Japan", ".", "Nintendo", "buyers", "have", "little", "money", "left", "to", "spend", "on", "other", "products", ".", "Many", "of", "the", "toy", "makers", "'", "problems", "started", "well", "before", "June", "4", "as", "a", "result", "of", "overstrained", "infrastructure", "and", "Beijing", "'s", "austerity", "programs", "launched", "late", "last", "year", ".", "Toy", "makers", "complain", "that", "electricity", "in", "Guangdong", "has", "been", "provided", "only", "three", "days", "a", "week", "in", "recent", "months", ",", "down", "from", "five", "days", "a", "week", ",", "as", "the", "province", "'s", "rapid", "industrialization", "has", "outstripped", "its", "generating", "capacity", ".", "Manufacturers", "are", "upgrading", "standby", "power", "plants", ".", "Bank", "credit", "for", "China", "investments", "all", "but", "dried", "up", "following", "June", "4", ".", "Also", ",", "concern", "exists", "that", "the", "harder-line", "Beijing", "leadership", "will", "tighten", "its", "control", "of", "Guangdong", ",", "which", "has", "been", "the", "main", "laboratory", "for", "the", "open-door", "policy", "and", "economic", "reforms", ".", "But", ",", "toy", "manufacturers", "and", "other", "industrialists", "say", "Beijing", "will", "be", "restrained", "from", "tightening", "controls", "on", "export-oriented", "southern", "China", ".", "They", "say", "China", "'s", "trade", "deficit", "is", "widening", "and", "the", "country", "is", "too", "short", "of", "foreign", "exchange", "for", "it", "to", "hamper", "production", "in", "Guangdong", ".", "``", "The", "Chinese", "leaders", "have", "to", "decide", "whether", "they", "want", "control", "or", "whether", "the", "want", "exports", ",", "''", "says", "Mr.", "Kwan", "of", "Playmates", "." ]
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[ "The", "real", "estate", "slump", "that", "'s", "pushing", "down", "the", "price", "of", "New", "York", "office", "space", "and", "housing", "is", "also", "affecting", "the", "city", "'s", "retail", "real", "estate", "market", ".", "In", "Manhattan", ",", "once-desirable", "store", "sites", "sit", "vacant", "and", "newly", "constructed", "space", "has", "been", "slow", "to", "fill", ".", "Retail", "real", "estate", "brokers", "say", "tenants", "are", "reluctant", "to", "sign", "leases", "because", "of", "uncertainty", "about", "the", "local", "economy", ",", "turmoil", "in", "their", "own", "industries", "and", "a", "belief", "that", "rents", "have", "not", "yet", "hit", "bottom", ".", "``", "There", "is", "an", "unbelievable", "amount", "of", "space", "available", ",", "''", "says", "Faith", "Consolo", ",", "senior", "vice", "president", "at", "Garrick-Aug", "Associates", "Store", "Leasing", "Inc", ".", "There", "are", "about", "2,000", "stores", "for", "rent", ",", "up", "from", "a", "more", "typical", "range", "of", "1,200", "to", "1,500", ".", "``", "This", "further", "confuses", "retailers", ",", "''", "she", "says", ".", "``", "They", "wonder", "should", "they", "sign", "a", "lease", "if", "prices", "are", "still", "coming", "down", "?", "Is", "this", "the", "wrong", "time", "to", "open", "a", "store", "?", "Who", "is", "going", "to", "be", "in", "the", "space", "next", "door", "?", "''", "In", "addition", ",", "Ms.", "Consolo", "says", ",", "tenants", "usually", "can", "negotiate", "to", "pay", "rents", "that", "are", "about", "one-quarter", "lower", "than", "landlords", "'", "initial", "asking", "price", ".", "A", "handful", "of", "hot", "retail", "locations", ",", "such", "as", "the", "57th", "Street", "and", "Madison", "and", "Fifth", "Avenue", "areas", ",", "have", "been", "able", "to", "sustain", "what", "many", "see", "as", "astronomical", "rents", ".", "And", ",", "in", "some", "neighborhoods", ",", "rents", "have", "merely", "hit", "a", "plateau", ".", "But", "on", "average", ",", "Manhattan", "retail", "rents", "have", "dropped", "10", "%", "to", "15", "%", "in", "the", "past", "six", "months", "alone", ",", "experts", "say", ".", "That", "follows", "a", "more", "subtle", "decline", "in", "the", "prior", "six", "months", ",", "after", "Manhattan", "rents", "had", "run", "up", "rapidly", "since", "1986", ".", "The", "same", "factors", "limiting", "demand", "for", "office", "space", "have", "affected", "retailing", ".", "``", "As", "businesses", "contract", "or", "depart", ",", "the", "number", "of", "employees", "who", "might", "use", "retail", "services", "shrinks", ",", "''", "says", "Edward", "A.", "Friedman", ",", "senior", "vice", "president", "of", "Helmsley", "Spear", "Inc", ".", "He", "says", "financial", "problems", "plaguing", "electronics", ",", "fur", "and", "furniture", "companies", "--", "key", "categories", "in", "the", "local", "retail", "economy", "--", "have", "further", "deflated", "the", "market", ".", "Hardest", "hit", "are", "what", "he", "calls", "``", "secondary", "''", "sites", "that", "primarily", "serve", "neighborhood", "residents", ".", "In", "these", "locations", ",", "Mr.", "Friedman", "says", ",", "``", "Retailers", "are", "increasingly", "cautious", "about", "expanding", "and", "rents", "have", "remained", "steady", "or", "in", "some", "cases", "have", "declined", ".", "''", "Weakness", "in", "the", "restaurant", "industry", ",", "which", "is", "leaving", "retail", "space", "vacant", ",", "exacerbates", "the", "problem", "for", "landlords", ".", "It", "is", "also", "no", "comfort", "to", "landlords", "and", "small", "New", "York", "retailers", "when", "the", "future", "of", "larger", "department", "stores", ",", "which", "anchor", "retail", "neighborhoods", ",", "are", "in", "doubt", ".", "Hooker", "Corp.", ",", "parent", "of", "Bonwit", "Teller", "and", "B.", "Altman", "'s", ",", "is", "mired", "in", "bankruptcy", "proceedings", "and", "Bloomingdale", "'s", "is", "for", "sale", "by", "its", "owner", ",", "Campeau", "Corp", ".", "The", "trend", "toward", "lower", "rents", "may", "seem", "surprising", "given", "that", "some", "communities", "in", "New", "York", "are", "bemoaning", "the", "loss", "of", "favorite", "local", "businesses", "to", "high", "rents", ".", "But", ",", "despite", "the", "recent", "softening", ",", "for", "many", "of", "these", "retailers", "there", "'s", "still", "been", "too", "big", "a", "jump", "from", "the", "rental", "rates", "of", "the", "late", "1970s", ",", "when", "their", "leases", "were", "signed", ".", "Certainly", ",", "the", "recent", "drop", "in", "prices", "does", "n't", "mean", "Manhattan", "comes", "cheap", ".", "New", "York", "retail", "rents", "still", "run", "well", "above", "the", "going", "rate", "in", "other", "U.S.", "cities", ".", "Madison", "and", "Fifth", "Avenues", "and", "East", "57th", "Street", "can", "command", "rents", "of", "up", "to", "$", "500", "a", "square", "foot", ",", "and", "$", "250", "is", "not", "uncommon", ".", "The", "thriving", "34th", "Street", "area", "offers", "rents", "of", "about", "$", "100", "a", "square", "foot", ",", "as", "do", "up-and-coming", "locations", "along", "lower", "Fifth", "Avenue", ".", "By", "contrast", ",", "rentals", "in", "the", "best", "retail", "locations", "in", "Boston", ",", "San", "Francisco", "and", "Chicago", "rarely", "top", "$", "100", "a", "square", "foot", ".", "And", "rents", "on", "Beverly", "Hills", "'", "Rodeo", "Drive", "generally", "do", "n't", "exceed", "about", "$", "125", "a", "square", "foot", ".", "The", "New", "York", "Stock", "Exchange", "said", "two", "securities", "will", "begin", "trading", "this", "week", ".", "Precision", "Castparts", "Corp.", ",", "Portland", ",", "Ore.", ",", "will", "begin", "trading", "with", "the", "symbol", "PCP", ".", "It", "makes", "investment", "castings", "and", "has", "traded", "over-the-counter", ".", "Royal", "Bank", "of", "Scotland", "Group", "PLC", ",", "an", "Edinburgh", ",", "Scotland", ",", "financial", "services", "company", ",", "will", "list", "American", "depositary", "shares", ",", "representing", "preferred", "shares", ",", "with", "the", "symbol", "RBSPr", ".", "It", "will", "continue", "to", "trade", "on", "the", "International", "Stock", "Exchange", ",", "London", ".", "The", "American", "Stock", "Exchange", "listed", "shares", "of", "two", "companies", ".", "AIM", "Telephones", "Inc.", ",", "a", "Parsippany", ",", "N.J.", ",", "telecommunications", "equipment", "supply", "company", ",", "started", "trading", "with", "the", "symbol", "AIM", ".", "It", "had", "traded", "over-the-counter", ".", "Columbia", "Laboratories", "Inc.", ",", "Miami", ",", "began", "trading", "with", "the", "symbol", "COB", ".", "The", "pharmaceuticals", "maker", "had", "traded", "over-the-counter", ".", "The", "National", "Market", "System", "of", "the", "Nasdaq", "over-the-counter", "market", "listed", "shares", "of", "one", "company", ".", "Employee", "Benefit", "Plans", "Inc.", ",", "a", "Minneapolis", "health-care", "services", "company", ",", "was", "listed", "with", "the", "symbol", "EBPI", "." ]
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[ "Canada", "'s", "consumer", "price", "index", "rose", "a", "seasonally", "adjusted", "0.2", "%", "in", "September", "from", "August", ",", "Statistics", "Canada", ",", "a", "federal", "agency", ",", "said", ".", "The", "rise", "followed", "boosts", "of", "0.1", "%", "in", "August", ",", "0.7", "%", "in", "July", "and", "0.6", "%", "in", "June", "." ]
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"less", "than", "a", "month", "after", "his", "administration", "played", "an", "ineffectual", "role", "in", "the", "failed", "coup", "attempt", "in", "Panama", ".", "``", "I", "believe", "it", "will", "do", "more", "damage", "than", "good", "because", "it", "will", "legitimize", "people", "like", "Daniel", "Ortega", ",", "''", "says", "Curtin", "Windsor", ",", "who", "served", "as", "U.S.", "ambassador", "to", "Costa", "Rica", "during", "the", "Reagan", "administration", ".", "Mr.", "Windsor", ",", "among", "other", "analysts", "connected", "to", "the", "conservative", "Heritage", "Foundation", ",", "fears", "the", "gathering", "of", "18", "leaders", ",", "mostly", "from", "Central", "American", "nations", ",", "will", "force", "Mr.", "Bush", "``", "to", "explain", "and", "redeem", "himself", "''", "in", "the", "wake", "of", "charges", "that", "the", "U.S.", "failed", "to", "do", "enough", "to", "aid", "the", "removal", "of", "Panamanian", "dictator", "Manuel", "Noriega", ".", "At", 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"cause", "in", "Washington", ".", "Mr.", "Arias", "'s", "long-time", "refusal", "to", "support", "the", "U.S.", "'s", "campaign", "against", "leftist", "Nicaragua", "earned", "him", "the", "ire", "of", "the", "Reagan", "White", "House", ".", "And", "more", "recently", ",", "he", "insisted", "on", "signing", "a", "five-nation", "agreement", "intended", "to", "disarm", "Nicaragua", "'s", "U.S.-backed", "Contra", "rebels", "faster", "than", "the", "Bush", "administration", "would", "prefer", ".", "``", "I", "think", "Bush", "'s", "going", "there", "is", "a", "helpful", "sign", ",", "''", "said", "Sen.", "Terry", "Sanford", "(", "D.", ",", "N.C", ".", ")", "a", "member", "of", "the", "Foreign", "Relations", "Committee", "who", "pushed", "to", "provide", "Costa", "Rica", "about", "the", "same", "amount", "of", "aid", "as", "it", "received", "last", "year", ".", "Lawmakers", "in", "both", "houses", "support", "the", "higher", "level", ".", "Administration", "officials", "defend", "Mr.", "Bush", "'s", "decision", "to", "make", "the", "trip", ".", "While", "they", "acknowledge", "the", "president", "will", "attend", "several", "meals", "and", "a", "working", "session", "also", "attended", "by", "Mr.", "Ortega", ",", "they", "insist", "that", "Mr.", "Bush", "wo", "n't", "be", "extending", "the", "Nicaraguan", "leader", "any", "special", "courtesies", ".", "The", "administration", "also", "made", "clear", "its", "continuing", "distate", "for", "the", "leftist", "Nicaraguan", "government", "in", "recent", "days", ",", "endorsing", "a", "package", "of", "electoral", "aid", "to", "the", "Nicaraguan", "opposition", ",", "renewing", "the", "U.S.", "trade", "embargo", "against", "the", "country", "and", "continuing", "to", "complain", "that", "the", "country", "supports", "rebel", "groups", "in", "the", "region", ".", "Officials", "also", "insist", "Mr.", "Bush", "will", "use", "the", "trip", "to", "highlight", "his", "own", "initiatives", "for", "pushing", "democracy", "in", "the", "region", ",", "fighting", "illegal", "drugs", "and", "assisting", "the", "less", "developed", "countries", ".", "``", "Let", "me", "say", "there", "is", "a", "symbolic", "component", "to", "this", "trip", ",", "''", "Secretary", "of", "State", "James", "Baker", "told", "reporters", "Wednesday", ".", "``", "There", "wo", "n't", "be", "any", "formal", "resolutions", "or", "communiques", ",", "I", "do", "n't", "think", ".", "But", "we", "still", "see", "this", "as", "an", "opportunity", "to", "discuss", "many", ",", "many", "very", "important", "issues", "." ]
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"to", "resolve", "such", "grievances", ".", "In", "a", "statement", "to", "employees", ",", "Eastern", "said", "the", "company", "was", "disappointed", "by", "the", "ruling", ".", "``", "The", "obligation", "is", "totally", "unwarranted", ",", "''", "the", "statement", "said", ".", "James", "Linsey", ",", "a", "lawyer", "for", "the", "Air", "Line", "Pilots", "Association", ",", "said", "the", "pilots", "were", "extremely", "pleased", ".", "``", "This", "is", "a", "blow", "not", "only", "to", "Eastern", "but", "to", "the", "creditors", "committee", ",", "''", "he", "said", ".", "Eastern", "'s", "creditors", "committee", ",", "along", "with", "the", "company", ",", "has", "consistently", "opposed", "the", "pilots", "'", "claim", ",", "which", "if", "paid", "would", "have", "to", "come", "out", "of", "money", "both", "hope", "to", "use", "to", "pay", "off", "other", "bankruptcy", "claims", ".", "Eastern", "and", "its", "creditors", "are", "in", "the", "final", ",", "delicate", "stages", "of", "negotiating", "a", "second", "reorganization", "plan", "to", "pay", "off", "the", "airline", "'s", "debts", ".", "An", "earlier", "plan", ",", "which", "had", "received", "the", "creditors", "'", "approval", "in", "July", ",", "fell", "apart", "when", "Eastern", "changed", "its", "business", "plan", ".", "It", "is", "n't", "known", "whether", "the", "pilot", "claim", "was", "figured", "into", "either", "plan", ".", "The", "dispute", "between", "Eastern", "and", "its", "pilots", "is", "over", "a", "``", "pay", "parity", "''", "clause", "in", "the", "pilots", "'", "contract", ".", "The", "clause", "was", "part", "of", "an", "agreement", "in", "which", "pilots", "accepted", "a", "substantial", "pay", "cut", "as", "long", "as", "no", "other", "labor", "group", "got", "a", "raise", ".", "Shortly", "after", "Texas", "Air", "took", "control", "of", "Eastern", ",", "some", "Machinists", "union", "supervisors", "received", "a", "20", "%", "pay", "raise", ".", "The", "pilots", "argued", "that", "this", "triggered", "a", "pay", "raise", "for", "them", ".", "Eastern", "has", "disputed", "the", "claim", ",", "but", "a", "federal", "district", "court", ",", "an", "appeals", "court", "and", "now", "the", "arbitrator", "have", "all", "sided", "with", "the", "pilots", ".", "The", "two", "sides", "do", "n't", "even", "agree", "about", "how", "much", "money", "is", "at", "issue", ".", "The", "pilots", "put", "the", "amount", "as", "high", "as", "$", "100", "million", ",", "the", "company", "at", "$", "65", "million", ".", "Another", "arbitrator", "is", "hearing", "another", "pay", "parity", "case", "between", "Eastern", "and", "its", "pilots", ",", "resulting", "from", "a", "similar", "set", "of", "circumstances", "involving", "a", "separate", "pay", "raise", "granted", "another", "union", ".", "A", "decision", "on", "that", "case", "is", "n't", "expected", "before", "mid-November", ".", "Ironically", ",", "many", "of", "the", "pilots", "involved", "have", "left", "Eastern", "or", "are", "still", "striking", "the", "carrier", ",", "which", "filed", "for", "bankruptcy", "protection", "March", "9", ".", "About", "800", "have", "crossed", "the", "picket", "lines", "and", "returned", "to", "work", "." ]
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[ "When", "Nucor", "Corp.", "begins", "shipping", "steel", "from", "the", "world", "'s", "first", "thin-slab", "plant", "this", "month", ",", "it", "will", "begin", "testing", "the", "competitive", "mettle", "of", "its", "giant", "competitors", ".", "The", "new", "technology", ",", "which", "creates", "a", "very", "thin", "piece", "of", "steel", ",", "radically", "reduces", "the", "costs", "of", "making", "flat-rolled", "sheets", ".", "An", "ebullient", "Kenneth", "Iverson", ",", "Nucor", "'s", "chairman", ",", "says", "the", "company", "'s", "plant", "eventually", "will", "make", "a", "ton", "of", "steel", "in", "1.5", "man", "hours", ",", "compared", "with", "four", "to", "six", "man", "hours", "at", "a", "conventional", "mill", ".", "``", "We", "'ve", "had", "the", "Russians", "and", "Chinese", ",", "and", "people", "from", "India", "visiting", "us", ",", "''", "Mr.", "Iverson", "beams", ".", "``", "Everyone", "in", "the", "world", "is", "watching", "us", "very", "closely", ".", "''", "Especially", "his", "neighbors", ",", "the", "major", "U.S.", "steelmakers", ".", "Already", ",", "USX", "Corp.", "and", "Armco", "Inc.", "are", "studying", "Nucor", "'s", "technology", "to", "see", "if", "they", "can", "adopt", "it", ".", "Says", "the", "chief", "executive", "officer", "of", "a", "major", "Midwest", "steel", "company", ":", "``", "It", "'s", "damn", "worrisome", ".", "''", "The", "once-staid", "steel", "industry", "is", "about", "to", "be", "turned", "topsy-turvy", "by", "a", "1990s", "technology", "revolution", ".", "New", ",", "efficient", "and", "sophisticated", "processes", "make", "it", "easier", "for", "smaller", ",", "less", "cash-rich", "companies", "to", "make", "steel", "at", "a", "fraction", "of", "what", "Big", "Steel", "paid", "decades", "ago", ".", "It", "also", "enables", "minimills", "finally", "to", "get", "a", "toehold", "in", "the", "flat-rolled", "steel", "market", "--", "the", "major", "steelmakers", "'", "largest", ",", "most", "prized", ",", "and", "until", "now", ",", "untouchable", ",", "market", ".", "But", "such", "thin-slab", "technology", "is", "only", "the", "beginning", ".", "Eager", "engineers", "espouse", "direct-steelmaking", "and", "direct", "casting", ",", "which", "by", "the", "end", "of", "the", "1990s", "will", "enable", "production", "without", "coke", "ovens", "and", "blast", "furnaces", ".", "Those", "massive", "structures", ",", "while", "posing", "cost", "and", "environmental", "headaches", ",", "effectively", "locked", "out", "all", "but", "deep-pocketed", "giants", "from", "steelmaking", ".", "``", "There", "'s", "a", "revolution", "ahead", "of", "us", "that", "will", "ultimately", "change", "the", "way", "we", "market", "and", "distribute", "steel", ",", "''", "says", "William", "Dennis", ",", "vice", "president", ",", "manufacturing", "and", "technology", ",", "for", "the", "American", "Iron", "Ore", "and", "Steel", "Institute", ".", "It", "is", "n't", "that", "major", "steelmakers", "have", "blithely", "ignored", "high", "technology", ".", "In", "fact", ",", "they", "'ve", "spent", "billions", "of", "dollars", "to", "boost", "the", "percentage", "of", "continously", "cast", "steel", "to", "60.9", "%", "in", "1988", ",", "from", "39.6", "%", "five", "years", "before", ".", "Moreover", ",", "their", "balance", "sheets", "are", "rich", "with", "diversity", ",", "their", "old", "plants", "shuttered", ",", "and", "work", "forces", "lean", ".", "But", "that", "wo", "n't", "suffice", ".", "``", "It", "'s", "no", "longer", "enough", "to", "beat", "the", "guy", "down", "the", "street", ".", "You", "have", "to", "beat", "everyone", "around", "the", "world", ",", "''", "says", "Mr.", "Dennis", ".", "He", "wants", "to", "see", "steelmakers", "more", "involved", "in", "computers", "and", "artificial", "intelligence", ".", "The", "problem", ":", "They", "'re", "saddled", "with", "huge", "plants", "that", "require", "costly", "maintenance", ".", "And", "try", "plying", "new", "dollars", "free", "in", "a", "market", "that", "is", "softening", ",", "hurt", "by", "a", "strong", "dollar", "and", "concerned", "about", "overcapacity", "--", "the", "industry", "'s", "Darth", "Vadar", ".", "``", "The", "technology", "revolution", "is", "going", "to", "be", "very", "threatening", "to", "established", "producers", ",", "''", "says", "Peter", "Marcus", ",", "an", "analyst", "with", "PaineWebber", "Inc", ".", "``", "They", "'ve", "got", "too", "much", "invested", "in", "the", "old", "stuff", "and", "they", "ca", "n't", "get", "their", "workers", "to", "be", "flexible", ".", "''", "No", "one", "expects", "minimills", "to", "eclipse", "major", "integrated", "steelmakers", ",", "who", "remain", "the", "undisputed", "kings", "of", "highest-quality", "steel", "used", "for", "autos", "and", "refrigerators", ".", "Nucor", "'s", "plant", "in", "Crawfordsville", ",", "Ind.", ",", "ultimately", "will", "produce", "only", "one", "million", "tons", "annually", ",", "a", "drop", "in", "the", "40-million-ton-a-year", "flat-rolled", "steel", "bucket", ",", "and", "it", "will", "be", "years", "before", "such", "plants", "can", "compete", "in", "the", "high-profit", "market", ".", "Still", ",", "flat-rolled", "is", "the", "steel", "industry", "'s", "bread", "and", "butter", ",", "representing", "about", "half", "of", "the", "80", "million", "tons", "of", "steel", "expected", "to", "be", "shipped", "this", "year", ".", "Moreover", ",", "the", "process", "is", "n't", "without", "its", "headaches", ".", "Because", "all", "operations", "are", "connected", ",", "one", "equipment", "failure", "forces", "a", "complete", "plant", "shutdown", ".", "On", "some", "days", ",", "the", "Nucor", "plant", "does", "n't", "produce", "anything", ".", "``", "At", "this", "point", ",", "the", "minimill", "capacity", "wo", "n't", "make", "a", "great", "dent", "in", "the", "integrated", "market", ",", "but", "it", "does", "challenge", "them", "to", "develop", "new", "markets", ",", "''", "says", "James", "McCall", ",", "vice", "president", ",", "materials", ",", "at", "Battelle", ",", "a", "technology", "and", "management-research", "giant", "based", "in", "Columbus", ",", "Ohio", ".", "Indeed", ",", "with", "demand", "for", "steel", "not", "growing", "fast", "enough", "to", "absorb", "capacity", ",", "steelmakers", "will", "have", "to", "change", "the", "way", "they", "do", "business", ".", "In", "the", "past", ",", "says", "Armco", "'s", "chief", "economist", "John", "Corey", ",", "steelmakers", "made", "a", "product", "and", "set", "it", "out", "on", "the", "loading", "dock", ".", "``", "We", "said", ":", "`", "We", "'ve", "got", "a", "product", ":", "if", "you", "want", "it", ",", "you", "can", "buy", "it", ",", "'", "''", "he", "says", ",", "adding", ":", "``", "Now", "we", "'re", "figuring", "out", "what", "people", "need", ",", "and", "are", "going", "back", "to", "make", "it", ".", "''", "Armco", "'s", "sales", "representatives", "visit", "the", "General", "Motors", "Corp.", "'s", "Fairfax", "assembly", "plant", "in", "Kansas", "City", ",", "Mo.", ",", "two", "or", "three", "days", "a", "week", ".", "When", "they", "determined", "that", "GM", "needed", "parts", "more", "quickly", ",", "Armco", "convinced", "a", "steel", "service", "center", "to", "build", "a", "processing", "plant", "nearby", "so", "shipments", "could", "be", "delivered", "within", "15", "minutes", ".", "Cementing", "such", "relationships", "with", "major", "clients", "--", "car", "and", "appliance", "makers", "--", "is", "a", "means", "of", "survival", ",", "especially", "when", "those", "key", "clients", "are", "relying", "on", "a", "smaller", "pool", "of", "producers", "and", "flirting", "with", "plastic", "and", "aluminum", "makers", ".", "For", "example", ",", "when", "Detroit", "began", "talking", "about", "plastic-bodied", "cars", ",", "the", "American", "Iron", "and", "Steel", "Institute", "began", "a", "major", "lobbying", "effort", "to", "show", "auto", "makers", "how", "they", "could", "use", "steel", "more", "efficiently", "by", "simply", "redesigning", "how", "a", "car", "door", "is", "assembled", ".", "But", "steelmakers", "must", "also", "find", "new", "markets", ".", "After", "letting", "aluminum-makers", "take", "the", "recycling", "lead", ",", "a", "group", "of", "the", "nation", "'s", "largest", "steelmakers", "started", "a", "recycling", "institute", "to", "promote", "steel", "cans", "to", "an", "environmentally", "conscious", "nation", ".", "Battelle", "'s", "Mr.", "McCall", "thinks", "steelmakers", "should", "concentrate", "more", "on", "construction", ".", "Weirton", "Steel", "Corp.", ",", "Weirton", ",", "W.", "Va.", ",", "for", "example", ",", "is", "touting", "to", "homeowners", "fashionable", "steel", "doors", ",", "with", "leaded", "glass", "inserts", ",", "as", "a", "secure", "and", "energy-efficient", "alternative", "to", "wooden", "or", "aluminum", "ones", ".", "Other", "steelmakers", "envision", "steel", "roofs", "covering", "suburbia", ".", "Still", "others", "are", "looking", "at", "overseas", "markets", ".", "USX", "is", "funneling", "drilling", "pipe", "to", "steel-hungry", "Soviet", "Union", ".", "This", "year", ",", "the", "nation", "'s", "largest", "steelmaker", "reactivated", "its", "overseas", "sales", "operation", ".", "Producers", "also", "are", "trying", "to", "differentiate", "by", "concentrating", "on", "higher-profit", "output", ",", "such", "as", "coated", "and", "electrogalvanized", "products", ",", "which", "remain", "beyond", "the", "reach", "of", "minimills", ".", "Almost", "all", "capital-improvement", "programs", "announced", "by", "major", "steelmakers", "within", "the", "past", "year", "involve", "building", "electrogalvanizing", "lines", ",", "used", "to", "produce", "steel", "for", "such", "products", "as", "household", "appliances", "and", "car", "doors", ".", "But", "unfortunately", ",", "that", "segment", "is", "much", "smaller", "than", "the", "bread-and-butter", "flat-rolled", "steel", ".", "``", "It", "'s", "like", "everyone", "climbing", "out", "of", "the", "QE", "II", "and", "getting", "into", "a", "lifeboat", ",", "''", "says", "John", "Jacobson", ",", "an", "analyst", "with", "AUS", "Consultants", ".", "``", "After", "a", "while", ",", "someone", "has", "to", "go", "over", "the", "side", ".", "''", "Although", "he", "does", "n't", "expect", "any", "bankruptcies", ",", "he", "does", "see", "more", "plants", "being", "sold", "or", "closed", ".", "Robert", "Crandall", ",", "with", "the", "Brookings", "Institute", ",", "agrees", ".", "``", "Unless", "there", "is", "an", "enormous", "rate", "of", "economic", "growth", "or", "a", "further", "drop", "in", "the", "dollar", ",", "it", "'s", "unlikely", "that", "consumption", "of", "U.S.", "produced", "steel", "will", "grow", "sufficiently", "to", "offset", "the", "growth", "of", "minimills", ".", "''", "Not", "to", "mention", "the", "incursion", "of", "imports", ".", "Japanese", "and", "European", "steelmakers", ",", "which", "have", "led", "the", "recent", "technology", "developments", ",", "are", "anxiously", "awaiting", "the", "lifting", "of", "trade", "restraints", "in", "1992", ".", "Moreover", ",", "the", "U.S.", "can", "expect", "more", "competition", "from", "low-cost", "producing", "Pacific", "Rim", "and", "Latin", "American", "countries", ".", "A", "Taiwanese", "steelmaker", "recently", "announced", "plans", "to", "build", "a", "Nucor-like", "plant", ".", "``", "People", "think", "of", "the", "steel", "business", "as", "an", "old", "and", "mundane", "smokestack", "business", ",", "''", "says", "Mr.", "Iverson", ".", "``", "They", "'re", "dead", "wrong", ".", "''", "*", "USX", ",", "LTV", ",", "Bethlehem", ",", "Inland", ",", "Armco", ",", "National", "Steel", "**", "Projected" ]
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[ "Arbitragers", "were", "n't", "the", "only", "big", "losers", "in", "the", "collapse", "of", "UAL", "Corp.", "stock", ".", "Look", "at", "what", "happened", "to", "UAL", "'s", "chairman", ",", "Stephen", "M.", "Wolf", ",", "and", "its", "chief", "financial", "officer", ",", "John", "C.", "Pope", ".", "On", "a", "day", "some", "United", "Airlines", "employees", "wanted", "Mr.", "Wolf", "fired", "and", "takeover", "stock", "speculators", "wanted", "his", "scalp", ",", "Messrs.", "Wolf", "and", "Pope", "saw", "their", "prospective", "personal", "fortunes", "continue", "to", "plummet", "as", "shares", "of", "UAL", ",", "United", "'s", "parent", "company", ",", "dived", "$", "24.875", "on", "the", "Big", "Board", "to", "close", "at", "$", "198", ".", "Including", "Monday", "'s", "plunge", ",", "that", "has", "given", "the", "two", "executives", "paper", "losses", "of", "$", "49.5", "million", ",", "based", "on", "what", "they", "would", "have", "realized", "had", "the", "pilots", "and", "management-led", "buy-out", "of", "UAL", "gone", "through", "at", "$", "300", "a", "share", ".", "When", "bank", "financing", "for", "the", "buy-out", "collapsed", "last", "week", ",", "so", "did", "UAL", "'s", "stock", ".", "Even", "if", "the", "banks", "resurrect", "a", "financing", "package", "at", "$", "250", "a", "share", ",", "the", "two", "executives", "would", "still", "get", "about", "$", "25", "million", "less", "than", "they", "stood", "to", "gain", "in", "the", "initial", "transaction", ".", "Mr.", "Wolf", "owns", "75,000", "UAL", "shares", "and", "has", "options", "to", "buy", "another", "250,000", "at", "$", "83.3125", "each", ".", "In", "the", "$", "300-a-share", "buyout", ",", "that", "totaled", "about", "$", "76.7", "million", ".", "By", "yesterday", "'s", "close", "of", "trading", ",", "it", "was", "good", "for", "a", "paltry", "$", "43.5", "million", ".", "Of", "course", ",", "Mr.", "Wolf", ",", "48", "years", "old", ",", "has", "some", "savings", ".", "He", "left", "his", "last", "two", "jobs", "at", "Republic", "Airlines", "and", "Flying", "Tiger", "with", "combined", "stock-option", "gains", "of", "about", "$", "22", "million", ",", "and", "UAL", "gave", "him", "a", "$", "15", "million", "bonus", "when", "it", "hired", "him", ".", "His", "1988", "salary", "was", "$", "575,000", ",", "with", "a", "$", "575,000", "bonus", ".", "The", "40-year", "old", "Mr.", "Pope", "has", "n't", "changed", "jobs", "enough", "--", "at", "least", "the", "right", "ones", "--", "to", "stash", "away", "that", "kind", "of", "money", ".", "United", "paid", "him", "a", "$", "375,000", "bonus", "to", "lure", "him", "away", "from", "American", "Airlines", ",", "and", "he", "was", "paid", "a", "salary", "of", "$", "342,122", "last", "year", "with", "a", "$", "280,000", "bonus", ".", "Mr.", "Pope", "owns", "10,000", "UAL", "shares", "and", "has", "options", "to", "buy", "another", "150,000", "at", "$", "69", "each", ".", "That", "came", "to", "a", "combined", "$", "37.7", "million", "under", "the", "$", "300-a-share", "buy-out", ",", "but", "just", "$", "21.3", "million", "at", "yesterday", "'s", "close", ".", "Of", "the", "combined", "$", "114.4", "million", "the", "two", "men", "were", "scheduled", "to", "reap", "under", "the", "buy-out", ",", "they", "agreed", "to", "invest", "in", "the", "buy-out", "just", "$", "15", "million", ",", "angering", "many", "of", "the", "thousands", "of", "workers", "asked", "to", "make", "pay", "concessions", "so", "the", "buy-out", "would", "be", "a", "success", ".", "United", "'s", "directors", "voted", "themselves", ",", "and", "their", "spouses", ",", "lifetime", "access", "to", "the", "Friendly", "Skies", "--", "free", "first-class", "travel", ",", "and", "$", "20,000", "a", "year", "for", "life", "as", "well", ".", "Conceivably", ",", "in", "a", "scaled-back", "buy-out", ",", "they", "could", "be", "bumped", "back", "to", "coach", "seats", "for", "life", "." ]
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[ "Sotheby", "'s", "Inc.", ",", "the", "world", "'s", "biggest", "auction", "house", ",", "is", "taking", "a", "huge", "Wall", "Street-style", "risk", "on", "the", "outcome", "of", "the", "sale", "of", "art", "from", "the", "estate", "of", "John", "T.", "Dorrance", "Jr.", ",", "the", "Campbell", "Soup", "Co.", "heir", ".", "The", "Financial", "Services", "division", "has", "guaranteed", "the", "Dorrance", "family", "that", "it", "will", "receive", "a", "minimum", "of", "$", "100", "million", "for", "the", "collection", ",", "regardless", "of", "what", "the", "bids", "for", "the", "art", "works", "total", ",", "people", "close", "to", "the", "transaction", "say", ".", "The", "collection", ",", "which", "includes", "two", "early", "Picassos", ",", "a", "van", "Gogh", ",", "a", "Monet", ",", "other", "paintings", ",", "furniture", "and", "porcelains", ",", "went", "on", "sale", "last", "night", "in", "the", "first", "of", "six", "auctions", ".", "What", "Sotheby", "'s", "is", "doing", "closely", "resembles", "an", "underwriting", "by", "an", "investment", "bank", ".", "A", "corporation", "that", "wants", "to", "sell", "stock", "or", "bonds", "goes", "to", "a", "Wall", "Street", "firm", ",", "which", "purchases", "the", "securities", "outright", ",", "accepting", "the", "financial", "risk", "of", "finding", "buyers", ".", "If", "the", "investment", "bank", "can", "sell", "the", "securities", "at", "a", "higher", "price", "than", "it", "paid", "the", "issuer", ",", "it", "makes", "a", "profit", ".", "At", "the", "initial", "sale", "last", "night", ",", "for", "example", "--", "the", "sale", "featuring", "the", "Impressionists", "masters", "--", "bids", "totaled", "$", "116", "million", ".", "That", "was", "slightly", "above", "Sotheby", "'s", "presale", "estimate", "of", "$", "111", "million", ".", "Normally", ",", "Sotheby", "'s", "would", "have", "earned", "20", "%", "of", "the", "total", "in", "commissions", ".", "Instead", ",", "people", "familiar", "with", "the", "transaction", "said", ",", "the", "auction", "house", "opted", "to", "forgo", "that", "percentage", "in", "order", "to", "obtain", "the", "collection", "and", "in", "exchange", "for", "taking", "a", "bigger", "chunk", "of", "proceeds", "exceeding", "$", "100", "million", ".", "Art", "dealers", "say", "that", "while", "auction", "houses", "occasionally", "guarantee", "the", "seller", "of", "a", "highly", "desirable", "work", "of", "art", "a", "minimum", "price", ",", "a", "financial", "commitment", "of", "this", "size", "is", "unprecedented", ".", "Diana", "D.", "Brooks", ",", "president", "of", "Sotheby", "'s", "North", "America", "division", ",", "vehemently", "denies", "it", "offered", "the", "Dorrance", "heirs", "a", "money-back", "guarantee", ",", "calling", "such", "reports", "``", "inaccurate", ".", "''", "Buried", "in", "the", "glossy", "hardbound", "catalog", "for", "the", "sale", ",", "however", ",", "appears", "the", "statement", ",", "``", "Sotheby", "'s", "has", "an", "interest", "in", "the", "property", "in", "this", "catalog", ".", "''", "Explains", "a", "Sotheby", "'s", "spokeswoman", ",", "the", "statement", "``", "means", "exactly", "what", "it", "says", ".", "We", "have", "some", "level", "of", "financial", "interest", "''", "in", "the", "collection", ".", "``", "We", "do", "n't", "disclose", "specifics", ".", "''", "Frank", "Mirabello", ",", "a", "lawyer", "for", "the", "Dorrance", "estate", "with", "the", "Philadelphia", "law", "firm", "of", "Morgan", ",", "Lewis", "&", "Bockius", ",", "declines", "to", "comment", "on", "the", "financial", "arrangements", ".", "Sotheby", "'s", "made", "the", "$", "100", "million", "guarantee", "to", "keep", "the", "Dorrance", "collection", "away", "from", "its", "archrival", ",", "auction", "house", "Christie", "'s", "International", "PLC", ";", "Christie", "'s", "has", "handled", "smaller", "sales", "for", "the", "Dorrance", "family", "over", "the", "years", ".", "When", "Christie", "'s", "officials", "asked", "why", "the", "firm", "was", "n't", "picked", "to", "sell", "the", "Dorrance", "collection", ",", "representatives", "of", "the", "Dorrance", "family", "``", "told", "us", "it", "was", "a", "question", "of", "financial", "considerations", ",", "''", "said", "Michael", "Findlay", ",", "Christie", "'s", "head", "of", "impressionist", "and", "modern", "paintings", ".", "Collectors", "who", "have", "made", "their", "money", "on", "Wall", "Street", "have", "become", "an", "increasingly", "important", "part", "of", "the", "art", "business", "and", "their", "money", "has", "helped", "fuel", "the", "art", "boom", ",", "but", "recently", "it", "appears", "Sotheby", "'s", "has", "been", "returning", "the", "compliment", ".", "In", "November", "1987", ",", "Sotheby", "'s", "essentially", "offered", "a", "Wall", "Street-style", "``", "bridge", "loan", "''", "of", "about", "$", "27", "million", "to", "Australian", "businessman", "Alan", "Bond", "to", "enable", "him", "to", "purchase", "Vincent", "van", "Gogh", "'s", "``", "Irises", "''", "for", "$", "53.9", "million", ".", "It", "was", "the", "highest", "bid", "in", "history", "for", "a", "work", "of", "art", ".", "But", "two", "weeks", "ago", ",", "Sotheby", "'s", "said", "that", "it", "has", "the", "painting", "under", "lock", "and", "key", "because", "the", "loan", "had", "not", "been", "fully", "repaid", ".", "Sotheby", "'s", "is", "offering", "such", "deals", "because", "it", "'s", "an", "art", "sellers", "'", "market", ",", "at", "least", "where", "the", "best", "works", "are", "concerned", ",", "says", "Ralph", "Lerner", ",", "an", "attorney", "and", "author", "of", "the", "book", "``", "Art", "Law", ".", "''", "``", "There", "seems", "to", "be", "a", "lot", "of", "art", "for", "sale", ",", "but", "there", "'s", "more", "competition", ".", "The", "competition", "gives", "the", "seller", "the", "ability", "to", "cut", "a", "better", "deal", ",", "''", "he", "says", ".", "The", "Dorrance", "family", "will", "still", "receive", "a", "substantial", "portion", "of", "the", "auction", "proceeds", "above", "$", "100", "million", ",", "people", "familiar", "with", "the", "transaction", "said", ".", "But", "it", "'s", "likely", "that", "Sotheby", "'s", "will", "take", "a", "higher", "than", "usual", "commission", ",", "called", "an", "override", ",", "on", "the", "amount", "exceeding", "the", "guarantee", ".", "Sotheby", "'s", "has", "been", "aggressively", "promoting", "the", "Dorrance", "sale", ".", "At", "a", "news", "conference", "last", "May", "announcing", "plans", "for", "the", "auction", ",", "Sotheby", "'s", "estimated", "its", "value", "in", "excess", "of", "$", "100", "million", ".", "More", "recently", ",", "Sotheby", "'s", "has", "predicted", "the", "collection", "will", "fetch", "$", "140", "million", ".", "That", "'s", "the", "highest", "estimate", "for", "a", "single", "collection", "in", "auction", "history", ".", "The", "decision", "to", "put", "the", "entire", "collection", "on", "the", "block", "stunned", "many", ",", "since", "Mr.", "Dorrance", "had", "served", "as", "chairman", "of", "the", "Philadelphia", "Museum", "of", "Art", ",", "and", "it", "had", "been", "assumed", "many", "of", "the", "works", "would", "be", "donated", "to", "the", "institution", ".", "At", "last", "night", "'s", "sale", ",", "13", "of", "44", "works", "that", "sold", "were", "purchased", "by", "Aska", "International", "Gallery", ",", "the", "art-acquisition", "unit", "of", "Aichi", "Financial", ",", "a", "Japanese", "conglomerate", "that", "owns", "7.5", "%", "of", "Christie", "'s", ".", "Meanwhile", ",", "Sotheby", "'s", "guarantee", "is", "raising", "eyebrows", "in", "the", "art", "world", ".", "``", "The", "consumer", "has", "to", "throw", "out", "the", "idea", "that", "the", "auction", "house", "is", "a", "disinterested", "middleman", ",", "''", "says", "New", "York", "art", "dealer", "David", "Tunick", ".", "While", "he", "adds", "that", "he", "has", "no", "problem", "with", "auction", "houses", "who", "sell", "works", "in", "which", "they", "have", "a", "financial", "interest", ",", "``", "It", "ought", "not", "to", "be", "hidden", "in", "some", "small", "print", ".", "''", "In", "such", "situations", ",", "he", "says", ",", "the", "house", "``", "is", "going", "to", "put", "the", "best", "light", "on", "things", ".", "''", "For", "example", ",", "an", "auction", "house", "'s", "comments", "on", "the", "condition", "of", "a", "work", "of", "art", "that", "is", "up", "for", "sale", "should", "be", "looked", "at", "with", "``", "very", "open", "eyes", ",", "''", "he", "says", ".", "``", "There", "'s", "more", "and", "more", "of", "this", "cash-up-front", "going", "on", "at", "every", "level", ",", "''", "says", "Bruce", "Miller", ",", "president", "of", "Art", "Funding", "Corp.", ",", "an", "art", "lender", ".", "Dealers", "and", "auction", "houses", "``", "know", "if", "they", "do", "n't", "lay", "out", "a", "half", "a", "million", "for", "this", 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[ "High-definition", "television", "promises", "to", "be", "the", "TV", "of", "tomorrow", ",", "so", "it", "is", "a", "natural", "multibillion-dollar", "market", ".", "Although", "major", "U.S.", "manufacturers", "have", "all", "but", "ceded", "the", "main", "segment", "of", "that", "future", "business", "to", "Japan", ",", "not", "everyone", "here", "is", "ready", "to", "give", "up", ".", "A", "handful", "of", "small", "U.S.", "companies", "are", "struggling", "to", "develop", "the", "technology", "to", "build", "the", "screens", "for", "the", "thin", ",", "high-quality", "televisions", "that", "are", "expected", "to", "hang", "on", "living", "room", "walls", "by", "the", "end", "of", "the", "1990s", ".", "With", "only", "small", "help", "from", "the", "government", ",", "these", "start-up", "concerns", "are", "trying", "to", "compete", "with", "the", "Goliaths", "of", "the", "Japanese", "consumer", "electronics", "industry", ",", "which", "enjoy", "considerable", "backing", "from", "the", "Japanese", "government", ".", "Photonics", "Technology", "Inc.", "of", "Northwood", ",", "Ohio", ",", "aims", "to", "use", "a", "new", "form", "of", "plasma", "technology", "to", "put", "movie-quality", "images", "on", "a", "TV", "display", "that", "is", "40", "inches", "in", "diameter", "but", "only", "a", "few", "inches", "thick", ".", "Planar", "Systems", "Inc.", "of", "Beaverton", ",", "Ore.", ",", "the", "largest", "of", "these", "firms", ",", "with", "$", "20", "million", "in", "annual", "revenue", ",", "has", "similar", "plans", ".", "It", "already", "has", "had", "success", "in", "electroluminescence", ",", "another", "promising", "technology", "adaptable", "for", "high-definition", "television", ".", "Two", "other", "firms", ",", "Ovonic", "Imaging", "Systems", "Inc.", "of", "Troy", ",", "Mich.", ",", "and", "Magnascreen", "Corp.", "of", "Pittsburgh", "are", "developing", "a", "variation", "of", "the", "flat-panel", "screens", "called", "active-matrix", "liquid", "crystal", "displays", ".", "The", "new", "technologies", "are", "intended", "to", "retire", "the", "cathode-ray", "tube", ",", "which", "accounts", "for", "most", "of", "the", "bulk", "of", "the", "conventional", "TV", "set", ".", "Replacing", "the", "cathode-ray", "tube", "with", "a", "large", ",", "thin", "screen", "is", "the", "key", "to", "the", "creation", "of", "a", "high-definition", "television", ",", "or", "HDTV", ",", "which", "is", "expected", "to", "become", "a", "$", "30", "billion", "business", "world-wide", "within", "a", "decade", ".", "Large", "U.S.", "companies", "are", "interested", "in", "other", "segments", "of", "the", "HDTV", "business", ",", "such", "as", "signal-processing", "and", "broadcast", "equipment", ".", "But", "except", "for", "Zenith", "Electronics", "Corp.", "and", "International", "Business", "Machines", "Corp.", ",", "which", "is", "collaborating", "with", "Toshiba", "on", "computer", "displays", ",", "they", "are", "poorly", "positioned", "to", "exploit", "advances", "in", "large", "panels", ".", "General", "Electric", "Co.", "recently", "sold", "off", "its", "interests", "in", "liquid-crystal", "displays", "to", "Thompson-CSF", "of", "France", ".", "``", "We", "found", "the", "market", "not", "developing", "as", "we", "thought", "it", "would", ",", "''", "a", "GE", "spokesman", "says", ".", "The", "small", "U.S.", "firms", "are", "persisting", "because", "of", "their", "strong", "positions", "in", "patents", ",", "and", "because", "the", "prize", "is", "still", "there", "to", "be", "seized", ".", "``", "No", "one", "yet", "has", "shown", "the", "ability", "to", "manufacture", "these", "panels", "''", "at", "commercial", "costs", ",", "says", "Zvi", "Yaniv", ",", "the", "president", "of", "Ovonic", "Imaging", ".", "He", "says", "he", "thinks", "his", "company", "is", "just", "a", "few", "years", "from", "doing", "that", ".", "The", "Bush", "administration", ",", "hearing", "conflicting", "advice", "about", "what", "its", "role", "in", "HDTV", "should", "be", ",", "is", "n't", "doing", "much", "for", "now", ".", "The", "only", "material", "support", "it", "is", "extending", "to", "the", "struggling", "U.S.", "industry", "is", "$", "30", "million", "in", "awards", "from", "the", "Pentagon", "'s", "Defense", "Advanced", "Research", "Projects", "Agency", ".", "The", "DARPA", "funds", "are", "a", "pittance", "compared", "with", "what", "Japan", "and", "other", "prospective", "competitors", "are", "spending", ".", "The", "Commerce", "Department", "estimates", "that", "Japanese", "government", "and", "industry", "spending", "on", "HDTV", "research", "is", "already", "over", "$", "1", "billion", ".", "``", "Unless", "it", "gets", "more", "help", ",", "the", "U.S.", "industry", "wo", "n't", "have", "a", "chance", ",", "''", "says", "Peter", "Friedman", ",", "Photonics", "'s", "executive", "vice", "president", ".", "Thus", "far", ",", "almost", "all", "of", "the", "basic", "technology", "relating", "to", "high-definition", "television", "has", "come", "from", "U.S.", "laboratories", ".", "But", "Peter", "Brody", ",", "Magnascreen", "'s", "president", ",", "says", "Japanese", "companies", "are", "poised", "to", "snatch", "the", "technology", "and", "put", "it", "to", "commercial", "use", ",", "just", "as", "they", "did", "with", "earlier", "U.S.", "innovations", "in", "color", "television", "and", "video", "recording", ".", "In", "the", "1970s", ",", "Mr.", "Brody", "helped", "develop", "the", "first", "display", "panels", "based", "on", "active-matrix", "liquid", "crystals", "at", "Westinghouse", "Electric", "Corp.", "'s", "research", "labs", "in", "Pittsburgh", ".", "The", "panels", "are", "like", "oversized", "semiconductors", "surfaced", "with", "a", "million", "or", "more", "picture", "elements", ",", "each", "contributing", "to", "the", "color", "and", "tone", "of", "a", "TV", "image", ".", "In", "1979", ",", "however", ",", "Westinghouse", "abandoned", "the", "project", "along", "with", "its", "stake", "in", "advanced", "television", ".", "Mr.", "Brody", "left", "the", "company", "to", "find", "other", "backers", ".", "He", "has", "a", "claim", "to", "the", "right", "to", "commercialize", "the", "Westinghouse", "patents", ",", "but", "he", "contends", "that", "those", "patents", "are", "being", "infringed", "by", "a", "number", "of", "Japanese", "producers", ".", "``", "Most", "American", "investors", "have", "just", "given", "up", ",", "''", "Mr.", "Brody", "says", ".", "``", "They", "are", "n't", "prepared", "to", "compete", "in", "an", "area", "where", "the", "Japanese", "want", "to", "enter", ".", "''", "Many", "critics", "question", "the", "industry", "'s", "need", "for", "federal", "support", ";", "the", "Pentagon", "justifies", "its", "help", "on", "national-security", "grounds", ".", "``", "We", "do", "n't", "see", "a", "domestic", "source", "for", "some", "of", "our", "-LCB-", "HDTV", "-RCB-", "requirements", ",", "and", "that", "'s", "a", "source", "of", "concern", ",", "''", "says", "Michael", "Kelly", ",", "director", "of", "DARPA", "'s", "defense", "manufacturing", "office", ".", "So", "DARPA", "is", "trying", "to", "keep", "the", "industry", "interested", "in", "developing", "large", "display", "panels", "by", "doling", "out", "research", "funds", ".", "HDTV", "already", "has", "some", "military", "applications", ",", "such", "as", "creating", "realistic", "flight", "simulations", "and", "transmitting", "information", "to", "combat", "commanders", ".", "The", "Navy", "is", "ordering", "displays", "for", "its", "Aegis", "cruisers", "and", "the", "Army", "wants", "smaller", "versions", "for", "its", "Abrams", "battle", "tanks", ".", "The", "Commerce", "Department", "also", "is", "trying", "to", "encourage", "HDTV", "because", "of", "the", "benefits", "that", "could", "spin", "off", "to", "the", "semiconductor", "and", "computer", "industries", ".", "``", "It", "is", "n't", "just", "yuppie", "television", ",", "''", "argues", "Jack", "Clifford", ",", "director", "of", "the", "department", "'s", "office", "of", "microelectronics", "and", "instrumentation", ".", "``", "The", "industry", "will", "create", "industrial", "products", "such", "as", "displays", "for", "work", "stations", "and", "medical", "diagnostic", "equipment", "before", "it", "acquires", "a", "mass", "consumer", "market", ".", "''", "Although", "some", "HDTV", "advocates", "are", "calling", "for", "other", "forms", "of", "aid", ",", "such", "as", "antitrust", "relief", "for", "research", "consortia", ",", "the", "small", "firms", "simply", "would", "prefer", "more", "DARPA", "funds", ".", "Each", "claims", "to", "possess", "the", "right", "technology", "and", "wants", "just", "a", "bit", "more", "money", "to", "make", "it", "commercial", ".", "They", "also", "want", "U.S.", "trade", "policy", "to", "reflect", "the", "Pentagon", "and", "Commerce", "department", "'s", "concern", "over", "their", "future", ".", "They", "all", "are", "strongly", "opposed", "to", "a", "petition", "from", "several", "Japanese", "TV", "manufacturers", ",", "including", "Matsushita", ",", "Hitachi", ",", "and", "Toshiba", ",", "to", "exempt", "portable", "color", "TVs", "with", "liquid-crystal", "displays", "from", "anti-dumping", "duties", "that", "the", "U.S.", "imposes", "on", "the", "larger", "Japanese", "color", "TVs", ".", "And", "they", "want", "the", "U.S.", "to", "help", "them", "sell", "overseas", ".", "Planar", "President", "James", "Hurd", "says", "he", "has", "to", "pay", "tariffs", "as", "high", "as", "15", "%", "to", "sell", "his", "display", "panels", "in", "Japan", "and", "South", "Korea", ",", "while", "panels", "from", "those", "countries", "enter", "the", "U.S.", "duty-free", ".", "``", "This", "is", "n't", "a", "technology", "issue", ",", "but", "an", "attitude", "issue", ",", "''", "he", "says", ".", "``", "We", "just", "have", "n't", "learned", "what", "it", "takes", "to", "compete", "." ]
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[ "punct", "case", "nmod:poss", "compound", "obl", "punct", "det", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "aux", "root", "obj", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "case", "obl", "case", "amod", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "nummod", "punct", "nummod", "punct", "root", "det", "amod", "compound", "obl:tmod", "case", "compound", "obl", "punct", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "acl:relcl", "mark", "xcomp", "nummod", "obj", "mark", "acl", "amod", "obj", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "obj", "punct", "cc", "nsubj", "conj", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "obj", "case", "nummod", "obl", "case", "amod", "nmod", "case", "det", "compound", "cc", "conj", "nmod", "cc", "conj", "cc", "conj", "punct", "case", "obl", "case", "amod", "nmod", "case", "amod", "compound", "compound", "compound", "compound", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "mark", "amod", "nsubj", "aux", "dep", "det", "obj", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "case", "obl", "nummod", "root", "amod", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "compound", "obl:tmod", "punct", "nummod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "cop", "root", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "root", "amod", "compound", "xcomp", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "cc", "conj", "compound", "obj", "mark", "advcl", "nmod:poss", "amod", "obj", "punct", "cc", "det", "nsubj", "cop", "root", "mark", "nsubj", "advcl", "mark", "xcomp", "amod", "compound", "obj", "mark", "advcl", "obj", "punct", "conj", "punct", "conj", "cc", "conj", "punct", "case", "nummod", "obl", "case", "det", "nummod", "nmod", "case", "amod", "nmod", "expl", "root", "amod", "compound", "nsubj", "case", "obl", "acl", "case", "amod", "obl", "punct", "case", "compound", "obl", "case", "compound", "dep", "dep", "compound", "nmod", "case", "amod", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "compound", "appos", "punct", "root", "det", "punct", "nsubj", "cc", "conj", "case", "det", "nmod", "cop", "ccomp", "mark", "nsubj", "ccomp", "punct", "punct", "advmod", "det", "amod", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "acl", "obj", "mark", "xcomp", "compound", "obj", "case", "nmod:poss", "obl", "aux", "advmod", "root", "obj", "punct", "amod", "obl:tmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "cop", "root", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "det", "obj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "cc", "det", "conj", "case", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "cc", "expl", "root", "advmod", "amod", "compound", "nsubj", "case", "case", "nmod", "punct", "mark", "det", "amod", "nsubj", "advcl", "det", "amod", "obj", "case", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "punct", "advmod", "punct", "root", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "case", "compound", "nmod", "mark", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "aux", "advcl", "punct", "amod", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "case", "obl", "det", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "acl:relcl", "punct", "advmod", "aux", "root", "amod", "obj", "case", "amod", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "case", "nmod:poss", "case", "punct", "compound", "compound", "punct", "nummod", "obl", "punct", "cc", "nmod:poss", "case", "punct", "compound", "conj", "punct", "det", "amod", "obl:tmod", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "root", "compound:prt", "amod", "obj", "case", "nmod:poss", "punct", "compound", "compound", "compound", "punct", "obl", "punct" ]
[ "Carnival", "Cruise", "Lines", "Inc.", "'s", "common", "stock", "was", "dragged", "down", "yesterday", "amid", "concerns", "that", "a", "bankruptcy", "filing", "by", "a", "Finnish", "shipbuilder", "would", "delay", "delivery", "of", "three", "big", "cruise", "ships", ".", "The", "Miami-based", "company", "'s", "stock", "fell", "$", "1.75", "yesterday", "to", "$", "20.75", "a", "share", "in", "heavy", "American", "Stock", "Exchange", "composite", "trading", ".", "Early", "yesterday", ",", "Carnival", "said", "in", "a", "company", "statement", "that", "it", "had", "been", "``", "notified", "unofficially", "''", "that", "Waertsilae", "Marine", "Industries", ",", "the", "Finnish", "shipyard", "that", "is", "building", "its", "three", "new", "cruise", "ships", ",", "planned", "to", "file", "for", "bankruptcy", ".", "Officials", "at", "Carnival", "declined", "to", "comment", ".", "``", "There", "is", "just", "a", "tremendous", "amount", "of", "uncertainty", "about", "what", "the", "effect", ",", "if", "any", ",", "of", "all", "this", "is", ",", "''", "said", "John", "P.", "Uphoff", ",", "an", "analyst", "at", "Raymond", "James", "Associates", "Inc", ".", "``", "I", "did", "n't", "even", "know", "that", "a", "company", "in", "a", "socialistic", "country", "could", "file", "for", "bankruptcy", ".", "''", "Carnival", "said", "the", "``", "Fantasy", ",", "''", "the", "first", "of", "the", "three", "$", "200", "million", "ships", "that", "Carnival", "has", "on", "order", ",", "is", "scheduled", "to", "be", "delivered", "next", "month", ",", "just", "in", "time", "for", "the", "winter", "tourist", "season", "in", "the", "Caribbean", ".", "That", "ship", ",", "which", "would", "carry", "about", "2,050", "passengers", ",", "would", "expand", "the", "capacity", "of", "Carnival", "'s", "existing", "14-ship", "fleet", "by", "24", "%", ".", "The", "second", "ship", ",", "which", "is", "half-completed", ",", "is", "scheduled", "to", "be", "delivered", "in", "fall", "1990", ",", "and", "the", "third", "in", "fall", "1991", ".", "``", "There", "'s", "a", "99", "%", "chance", "that", "the", "Fantasy", "will", "be", "delivered", "close", "to", "schedule", ",", "''", "said", "Caroline", "Levy", ",", "an", "analyst", "at", "Shearson", "Lehman", "Hutton", "Inc", ".", "``", "The", "others", "will", "probably", "be", "delivered", "as", "well", ",", "but", "Carnival", "will", "likely", "have", "to", "pay", "a", "higher", "price", "for", "them", ".", "''", "She", "said", "the", "company", "could", "pay", "as", "much", "as", "25", "%", "more", "for", "the", "ships", ".", "If", "the", "ships", "are", "n't", "delivered", ",", "however", ",", "it", "will", "likely", "have", "an", "effect", "on", "the", "company", "'s", "earnings", "as", "soon", "as", "the", "1990", "fiscal", "year", ",", "which", "begins", "Dec.", "1", ".", "Analysts", "said", "those", "estimates", "--", "which", "range", "from", "about", "$", "1.80", "a", "share", "to", "$", "1.95", "a", "share", "--", "are", "based", "on", "Fantasy", "being", "in", "operation", "in", "1990", ".", "If", "the", "ship", "fails", "to", "arrive", ",", "those", "per-share", "earnings", "estimates", "could", "be", "trimmed", "15", "cents", "or", "more", ".", "Analysts", "were", "n't", "willing", "to", "speculate", "on", "how", "much", "money", "Carnival", "might", "lose", "through", "deposits", ".", "Normally", ",", "a", "company", "pays", "a", "portion", "of", "the", "total", "cost", "of", "a", "ship", "as", "it", "reaches", "various", "stages", "of", "construction", ".", "Carnival", ",", "for", "example", ",", "has", "already", "paid", "about", "$", "160", "million", "of", "the", "total", "cost", "for", "Fantasy", ".", "Some", "analysts", "say", "this", "may", "give", "it", "the", "right", "to", "seize", "the", "ship", "if", "the", "situation", "warrants", "it", ".", "According", "to", "reports", "from", "Finland", ",", "Waertsilae", "Marine", ",", "19%-owned", "by", "conglomerate", "Oy", "Waertsilae", ",", "filed", "for", "bankruptcy", "yesterday", "after", "the", "shipyard", "'s", "contractors", "had", "started", "to", "demand", "bank", "guarantees", ".", "The", "shipyard", "disclosed", "in", "mid-August", "that", "it", "expected", "losses", "stemming", "from", "a", "series", "of", "unprofitable", "orders", "." ]
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[ "compound", "compound", "compound", "nmod:poss", "case", "amod", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "root", "compound:prt", "obl:tmod", "case", "obl", "mark", "det", "nsubj", "amod", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "aux", "ccomp", "obj", "case", "nummod", "amod", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "det", "amod", "nmod:poss", "case", "nsubj", "root", "obj", "nummod", "obl:tmod", "case", "obl", "nummod", "det", "obl:npmod", "case", "amod", "compound", "compound", "compound", "amod", "obl", "punct", "advmod", "obl:npmod", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "case", "det", "compound", "obl", "mark", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "aux:pass", "punct", "ccomp", "advmod", "punct", "mark", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "det", "amod", "appos", "nsubj", "aux", "acl:relcl", "nmod:poss", "nummod", "amod", "compound", "obj", "punct", "ccomp", "mark", "xcomp", "case", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "root", "mark", "xcomp", "punct", "punct", "expl", "ccomp", "advmod", "det", "amod", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "mark", "obj", "det", "nsubj", "punct", "mark", "dep", "punct", "case", "det:predet", "nmod", "acl", "punct", "punct", "root", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "det", "appos", "case", "compound", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "advmod", "root", "mark", "det", "nsubj", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "aux", "ccomp", "case", "obl", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "det", "punct", "nsubj:pass", "punct", "punct", "det", "dep", "case", "det", "nummod", "amod", "compound", "nummod", "nmod", "obj", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "case", "obl", "punct", "aux:pass", "ccomp", "mark", "aux:pass", "xcomp", "amod", "obl:tmod", "punct", "advmod", "case", "obl", "case", "det", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "case", "det", "nmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "acl:relcl", "advmod", "nummod", "obj", "punct", "aux", "root", "det", "obj", "case", "nmod:poss", "case", "amod", "amod", "nmod", "case", "nummod", "obl", "punct", "det", "amod", "nsubj:pass", "punct", "nsubj", "cop", "acl:relcl", "punct", "aux:pass", "root", "mark", "aux:pass", "xcomp", "case", "obl", "nummod", "punct", "cc", "det", "conj", "case", "orphan", "nummod", "punct", "punct", "expl", "ccomp", "det", "compound", "amod", "nsubj", "mark", "det", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "aux:pass", "ccomp", "advmod", "case", "obl", "punct", "punct", "root", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "det", "appos", "case", "compound", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "punct", "det", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "advmod", "aux:pass", "root", "advmod", "fixed", "punct", "cc", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "conj", "mark", "xcomp", "det", "amod", "obj", "case", "obl", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "det", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "advmod", "advmod", "advmod", "dep", "dep", "obj", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "mark", "det", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "advmod", "advcl", "punct", "advmod", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "root", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "nmod:poss", "case", "obl", "advmod", "advmod", "case", "det", "nummod", "amod", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "obl:tmod", "nummod", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "det", "nsubj:pass", "punct", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "case", "advmod", "obl", "nummod", "det", "obl:npmod", "case", "obl", "nummod", "det", "obl:npmod", "punct", "aux:pass", "ccomp", "case", "obl", "cop", "case", "acl", "case", "obl", "punct", "mark", "det", "nsubj", "advcl", "mark", "xcomp", "punct", "det", "amod", "compound", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "aux:pass", "root", "nummod", "obj", "cc", "nummod", "punct", "nsubj", "cop", "advmod", "root", "mark", "xcomp", "mark", "advmod", "amod", "obj", "nsubj", "aux", "advcl", "case", "obl", "punct", "advmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "case", "det", "nmod", "mark", "nsubj", "advcl", "amod", "obj", "case", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "punct", "case", "obl", "punct", "aux", "advmod", "root", "advmod", "obj", "compound", "nummod", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "iobj", "det", "obj", "mark", "acl", "det", "obj", "mark", "det", "nsubj", "advcl", "obj", "punct", "case", "fixed", "obl", "case", "nmod", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "amod", "case", "amod", "compound", "obl", "punct", "root", "case", "obl", "obl:tmod", "mark", "det", "nmod:poss", "case", "nsubj", "aux", "advcl", "mark", "xcomp", "compound", "obj", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "case", "obl", "mark", "nsubj", "ccomp", "obj", "acl", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "amod", "nmod", "punct" ]
[ "Malcolm", "S.", "Todt", "was", "named", "vice", "president", "and", "senior", "officer", "in", "charge", "of", "equipment", "leasing", "to", "municipalities", ",", "a", "new", "effort", "of", "this", "bond", "insurer", ".", "Mr.", "Todt", "had", "been", "vice", "president", "and", "treasurer", "of", "Insilco", "Corp", "." ]
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[ "compound", "compound", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "root", "compound", "xcomp", "cc", "amod", "conj", "case", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "amod", "case", "nmod", "punct", "det", "amod", "appos", "case", "det", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "aux", "cop", "advmod", "root", "cc", "conj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "punct" ]
[ "Chandler", "Insurance", "Co.", "said", "it", "expects", "to", "report", "third-quarter", "net", "income", "jumped", "97", "%", "to", "$", "2.8", "million", ",", "or", "51", "cents", "a", "share", ".", "In", "the", "year-earlier", "quarter", ",", "the", "automobile", "and", "trucking", "insurer", "had", "earnings", "of", "$", "1.4", "million", ",", "or", "48", "cents", "a", "share", "on", "a", "restated", "basis", ",", "on", "revenue", "of", "$", "16.5", "million", ".", "In", "an", "interview", ",", "W.", "Brent", "LeGere", ",", "chairman", "and", "chief", "executive", "officer", ",", "said", "he", "expects", "revenue", "in", "the", "latest", "quarter", "to", "total", "about", "$", "28", "million", ".", "The", "earnings-per-share", "figures", "reflect", "a", "25", "%", "stock", "dividend", "in", "June", "1989", ".", "Mr.", "LeGere", "attributed", "the", "earnings", "increase", "to", "growth", "in", "the", "company", "'s", "longhaul", "trucking", "insurance", "lines", "and", "the", "ability", "to", "keep", "premium", "rates", "firm", "." ]
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[ "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "ccomp", "mark", "xcomp", "compound", "amod", "nsubj", "ccomp", "nummod", "obj", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "cc", "nummod", "conj", "det", "obl:npmod", "punct", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "punct", "det", "compound", "cc", "conj", "nsubj", "root", "obj", "case", "nmod", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "cc", "nummod", "conj", "det", "obl:npmod", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "case", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "appos", "cc", "compound", "compound", "conj", "punct", "root", "nsubj", "ccomp", "obj", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "mark", "xcomp", "advmod", "obj", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "det", "amod", "nsubj", "root", "det", "compound", "amod", "compound", "obj", "case", "nmod", "nummod", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "compound", "obj", "case", "obl", "case", "det", "nmod:poss", "case", "compound", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "cc", "det", "conj", "mark", "acl", "compound", "nsubj", "xcomp", "punct" ]
[ "Diamond", "Shamrock", "Offshore", "Partners", "said", "it", "had", "discovered", "gas", "offshore", "Louisiana", ".", "The", "well", "flowed", "at", "a", "rate", "of", "2.016", "million", "cubic", "feet", "of", "gas", "a", "day", "through", "a", "16", "64-inch", "opening", "at", "depths", "between", "5,782", "and", "5,824", "feet", ".", "Diamond", "Shamrock", "is", "the", "operator", ",", "with", "a", "100", "%", "interest", "in", "the", "well", ".", "Diamond", "Shamrock", "Offshore", "'s", "stock", "rose", "12.5", "cents", "Friday", "to", "close", "at", "$", "8.25", "in", "New", "York", "Stock", "Exchange", "composite", "trading", "." ]
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[ "compound", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "obj", "advmod", "obl:npmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "compound", "nummod", "amod", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "det", "obl:npmod", "case", "det", "nummod", "amod", "obl", "case", "obl", "case", "nummod", "cc", "conj", "nmod", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "cop", "det", "root", "punct", "case", "det", "compound", "amod", "obl", "case", "det", "nmod", "punct", "compound", "compound", "nmod:poss", "case", "nsubj", "root", "nummod", "obj", "obl:tmod", "mark", "advcl", "case", "obl", "nummod", "case", "compound", "compound", "compound", "compound", "amod", "obl", "punct" ]
[ "Housing", "construction", "sank", "in", "September", "to", "its", "lowest", "level", "since", "the", "last", "recession", ",", "the", "Commerce", "Department", "reported", ".", "Work", "began", "on", "homes", "and", "apartments", "at", "an", "annual", "rate", "of", "1,263,000", "units", "last", "month", ",", "down", "5.2", "%", "from", "August", ",", "the", "department", "said", ".", "The", "September", "decline", "followed", "an", "even", "steeper", "drop", "of", "6.2", "%", "in", "August", "and", "left", "housing", "starts", "at", "their", "weakest", "since", "October", "1982", ",", "when", "the", "country", "was", "nearing", "the", "end", "of", "a", "recession", ".", "Originally", "the", "department", "had", "reported", "the", "August", "decline", "as", "5", "%", ".", "The", "numbers", "suggest", "that", "the", "housing", "industry", "is", "still", "suffering", "the", "effects", "of", "the", "Federal", "Reserve", "'s", "battle", "against", "inflation", ".", "The", "industry", "had", "shown", "signs", "of", "recovery", "this", "summer", ",", "after", "the", "central", "bank", "began", "to", "relax", "its", "clamp", "on", "credit", ",", "allowing", "interest", "rates", "to", "drop", "a", "bit", "after", "pushing", "them", "up", "for", "a", "year", ".", "Sales", "of", "new", "homes", "rose", "and", "inventories", "of", "houses", ",", "which", "had", "been", "climbing", ",", "dropped", ".", "But", "last", "month", "new", "construction", "in", "all", "types", "of", "homes", "waned", ",", "from", "single-family", "houses", "to", "large", "apartment", "complexes", ".", "``", "It", "'s", "pretty", "much", "weak", "across", "the", "board", ",", "''", "said", "Martin", "Regalia", ",", "chief", "economist", "of", "the", "National", "Council", "of", "Savings", "Institutions", ".", "Mr.", "Regalia", "said", "the", "industry", "may", "be", "reluctant", "to", "step", "up", "building", "at", "the", "moment", "for", "fear", "the", "inventories", "of", "unsold", "homes", "will", "increase", "again", ".", "Another", "reason", "for", "the", "weakness", ",", "he", "said", ",", "may", "be", "that", "mortgage", "rates", "have", "hit", "a", "plateau", "since", "they", "began", "edging", "down", "after", "a", "peak", "in", "March", ".", "In", "August", ",", "rates", "on", "30-year", "fixed-rate", "mortgages", "started", "creeping", "up", "a", "bit", ",", "but", "they", "inched", "down", "again", "through", "September", ".", "``", "Rates", "have", "n't", "really", "peeled", "off", "that", "much", ",", "''", "Mr.", "Regalia", "said", ".", "``", "We", "'ve", "kind", "of", "settled", "now", "into", "an", "interest-rate", "environment", "that", "'s", "fairly", "high", ".", "''", "Work", "was", "begun", "on", "single", "family", "homes", "--", "the", "core", "of", "the", "housing", "market", "--", "at", "an", "annual", "rate", "of", "971,000", "in", "September", ",", "a", "drop", "of", "2.1", "%", "from", "the", "previous", "month", ".", "That", "followed", "a", "3.3", "%", "decline", "in", "August", ".", "Construction", "of", "apartments", "and", "other", "multi-family", "dwellings", "slipped", "2.2", "%", "to", "an", "annual", "rate", "of", "1,022,000", "following", "a", "3.5", "%", "decline", "in", "August", ".", "The", "number", "of", "building", "permits", "issued", "for", "future", "construction", "dropped", "2.4", "%", "to", "a", "1,296,000", "annual", "rate", "after", "rising", "3.7", "%", "in", "August", ".", "All", "the", "numbers", "were", "adjusted", "for", "normal", "seasonal", "variations", "in", "building", "activity", ".", "The", "housing", "starts", "numbers", ",", "however", ",", "are", "one", "of", "the", "least", "precise", "of", "the", "government", "'s", "economic", "indicators", "and", "are", "often", "revised", "significantly", "as", "more", "information", "is", "collected", "." ]
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[ "compound", "nsubj", "ccomp", "case", "obl", "case", "nmod:poss", "amod", "obl", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "det", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "punct", "nsubj", "ccomp", "case", "obl", "cc", "conj", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "case", "nummod", "nmod", "amod", "obl:tmod", "punct", "case", "nummod", "advmod", "case", "obl", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "punct", "det", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "advmod", "amod", "obj", "case", "nummod", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "cc", "conj", "compound", "obj", "case", "nmod:poss", "obl", "case", "nmod", "nummod", "punct", "advmod", "det", "nsubj", "aux", "acl:relcl", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "nmod", "punct", "advmod", "det", "nsubj", "aux", "root", "det", "compound", "obj", "case", "nummod", "obl", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "mark", "det", "compound", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "ccomp", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "compound", "nmod:poss", "case", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "aux", "root", "obj", "case", "nmod", "det", "obl:tmod", "punct", "mark", "det", "amod", "nsubj", "advcl", "mark", "xcomp", "nmod:poss", "obj", "case", "nmod", "punct", "advcl", "compound", "obj", "mark", "xcomp", "det", "obj", "mark", "advcl", "obj", "compound:prt", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "case", "amod", "nmod", "root", "cc", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "aux", "acl:relcl", "punct", "conj", "punct", "cc", "amod", "obl:tmod", "amod", "nsubj", "case", "det", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "root", "punct", "case", "compound", "obl", "case", "amod", "compound", "obl", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "cop", "advmod", "advmod", "ccomp", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "punct", "root", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "compound", "appos", "case", "det", "compound", "nmod", "case", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "nsubj", "aux", "cop", "ccomp", "mark", "xcomp", "compound:prt", "obj", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "obl", "det", "nsubj", "case", "amod", "nmod", "aux", "ccomp", "advmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "case", "det", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "parataxis", "punct", "aux", "root", "mark", "compound", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "det", "obj", "mark", "nsubj", "advcl", "xcomp", "advmod", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "nmod", "punct", "case", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "case", "amod", "amod", "nmod", "root", "xcomp", "advmod", "det", "obj", "punct", "cc", "nsubj", "conj", "advmod", "advmod", "case", "obl", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "advmod", "ccomp", "compound:prt", "det", "obj", "punct", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "punct", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "fixed", "root", "advmod", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "nsubj", "cop", "advmod", "acl:relcl", "punct", "punct", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "root", "case", "amod", "compound", "obl", "punct", "det", "dep", "case", "det", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "case", "nmod", "case", "obl", "punct", "det", "obj", "case", "nummod", "nmod", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "det", "compound", "amod", "obj", "case", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "cc", "amod", "amod", "conj", "root", "nummod", "obj", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "case", "nmod", "case", "det", "compound", "amod", "obl", "case", "nmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "acl", "case", "amod", "nmod", "root", "nummod", "obj", "case", "det", "nummod", "amod", "obl", "mark", "advcl", "nummod", "obj", "case", "obl", "punct", "det:predet", "det", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "root", "case", "amod", "amod", "obl", "case", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "det", "compound", "dep", "nsubj", "punct", "advmod", "punct", "cop", "root", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "case", "det", "nmod:poss", "case", "amod", "nmod", "cc", "aux:pass", "advmod", "conj", "advmod", "mark", "amod", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "advcl", "punct" ]
[ "Gillette", "Co.", "elected", "Warren", "E.", "Buffett", ",", "chairman", "of", "Berkshire", "Hathaway", "Inc.", ",", "to", "its", "board", ",", "increasing", "the", "number", "of", "directors", "to", "12", "from", "11", ".", "Berkshire", "Hathaway", "earlier", "this", "year", "bought", "$", "600", "million", "of", "preferred", "stock", "in", "Gillette", "that", "is", "convertible", "into", "an", "11", "%", "stake", ",", "and", "Gillette", "said", "at", "the", "time", "that", "Mr.", "Buffett", "would", "be", "added", "to", "the", "board", ".", "Separately", ",", "Gillette", "said", "its", "third-quarter", "earnings", "rose", "2", "%", "to", "$", "65.2", "million", ",", "or", "57", "cents", "a", "share", ",", "from", "$", "63.9", "million", ",", "or", "57", "cents", "a", "share", ",", "in", "the", "year-earlier", "period", ";", "per-share", "earnings", "remained", "flat", "despite", "an", "increase", "in", "net", "income", "in", "part", "because", "the", "company", "paid", "a", "$", "10.4", "million", "dividend", "on", "the", "new", "preferred", "stock", "in", "the", "period", ".", "Sales", "rose", "9", "%", "to", "$", "921.6", "million", "from", "$", "845.7", "million", ",", "with", "sales", "of", "the", "company", "'s", "international/diversified", "operations", "``", "well", "above", "''", "the", "year", "earlier-period", ".", "For", "the", "nine", "months", ",", "Gillette", "'s", "net", "income", "declined", "1", "%", "to", "$", "205.3", "million", ",", "or", "$", "2.02", "a", "share", ",", "from", "$", "207", "million", ",", "or", "$", "1.82", "a", "share", ",", "in", "the", "1988", "period", ".", "Sales", "rose", "6", "%", "to", "$", "2.77", "billion", "from", "$", "2.61", "billion", ".", "In", "composite", "trading", "on", "the", "New", "York", "Stock", "Exchange", ",", "the", "company", "closed", "yesterday", "at", "$", "45.50", "a", "share", ",", "up", "25", "cents", "." ]
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[ "compound", "nsubj", "root", "compound", "compound", "obj", "punct", "appos", "case", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "case", "nmod:poss", "obl", "punct", "advcl", "det", "obj", "case", "nmod", "case", "obl", "case", "obl", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "advmod", "det", "obl:tmod", "root", "obj", "compound", "nummod", "case", "amod", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "nsubj", "cop", "acl:relcl", "case", "det", "compound", "amod", "obl", "punct", "cc", "nsubj", "conj", "case", "det", "obl", "mark", "compound", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "aux:pass", "ccomp", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "advmod", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "nmod:poss", "amod", "nsubj", "ccomp", "nummod", "obj", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "cc", "nummod", "conj", "det", "obl:npmod", "punct", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "cc", "nummod", "conj", "det", "obl:npmod", "punct", "case", "det", "amod", "obl", "punct", "amod", "nsubj", "parataxis", "xcomp", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "amod", "nmod", "case", "obl", "mark", "det", "nsubj", "advcl", "det", "amod", "compound", "nummod", "obj", "case", "det", "amod", "amod", "obl", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "nummod", "obj", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "mark", "advcl", "case", "det", "nmod:poss", "case", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "advmod", "case", "punct", "det", "compound", "dep", "punct", "case", "det", "nummod", "obl", "punct", "nmod:poss", "case", "amod", "nsubj", "root", "nummod", "obj", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "cc", "conj", "nummod", "det", "obl:npmod", "punct", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "cc", "conj", "nummod", "det", "obl:npmod", "punct", "case", "det", "nummod", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "nummod", "obj", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "case", "amod", "obl", "case", "det", "compound", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "obl:tmod", "case", "obl", "nummod", "det", "obl:npmod", "punct", "advmod", "nummod", "obl:npmod", "punct" ]
[ "Furukawa", "Electric", "Co.", ",", "one", "of", "Japan", "'s", "leading", "electric", "wire", "and", "cable", "manufacturers", ",", "said", "unconsolidated", "pretax", "profit", "in", "the", "fiscal", "first", "half", "ended", "Sept.", "30", "fell", "5.3", "%", "to", "6.11", "billion", "yen", "(", "$", "43.1", "million", ")", "from", "6.45", "billion", "yen", "a", "year", "earlier", ".", "Sales", "increased", "11.9", "%", "to", "279.39", "billion", "yen", "from", "249.68", "billion", "yen", ".", "Net", "fell", "1", "%", "to", "3.23", "billion", "yen", "from", "3.26", "billion", "yen", ".", "Pershare", "net", "fell", "to", "4.97", "yen", "from", "5.40", "yen", ".", "The", "growing", "sales", "sustained", "by", "domestic", "demand", "failed", "to", "counter", "rising", "material", "metal", "costs", "and", "declining", "profitability", "in", "overseas", "construction", ",", "Furukawa", "said", ".", "Rolled", "copper", "product", "sales", "were", "major", "contributors", "to", "overall", "sales", "growth", ".", "Sales", "by", "category", "rose", "24", "%", "to", "35.23", "billion", "yen", ",", "reflecting", "increased", "production", "in", "automobile", ",", "airconditioner", "and", "electric", "machine", "industries", ",", "which", "are", "major", "users", "of", "wire", "and", "cable", "products", ".", "Sales", "for", "electric", "wires", "and", "cables", "rose", "13.2", "%", "to", "153.93", "billion", "yen", "." ]
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[ "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "appos", "case", "nmod:poss", "case", "amod", "amod", "nmod", "cc", "compound", "conj", "punct", "root", "amod", "amod", "nsubj", "case", "det", "amod", "amod", "nmod", "acl", "obl:tmod", "nummod", "ccomp", "nummod", "obj", "case", "compound", "nummod", "obl", "punct", "dep", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "case", "compound", "nummod", "obl", "det", "obl:tmod", "advmod", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "nummod", "obj", "case", "compound", "nummod", "obl", "case", "compound", "nummod", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "nummod", "obj", "case", "compound", "nummod", "obl", "case", "compound", "nummod", "obl", "punct", "amod", "nsubj", "root", "case", "nummod", "obl", "case", "nummod", "obl", "punct", "det", "amod", "nsubj", "acl", "case", "amod", "obl", "ccomp", "mark", "xcomp", "amod", "compound", "compound", "obj", "cc", "amod", "conj", "case", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "punct", "amod", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "cop", "amod", "root", "case", "amod", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "root", "nummod", "obj", "case", "compound", "nummod", "obl", "punct", "advcl", "amod", "obj", "case", "amod", "punct", "conj", "cc", "conj", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "cop", "amod", "acl:relcl", "case", "compound", "cc", "conj", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "case", "amod", "nmod", "cc", "conj", "root", "nummod", "obj", "case", "compound", "nummod", "obl", "punct" ]
[ "Panhandle", "Eastern", "Corp.", "said", "it", "applied", ",", "on", "behalf", "of", "two", "of", "its", "subsidiaries", ",", "to", "the", "Federal", "Energy", "Regulatory", "Commission", "for", "permission", "to", "build", "a", "352-mile", ",", "$", "273", "million", "pipeline", "system", "from", "Pittsburg", "County", ",", "Okla.", ",", "to", "Independence", ",", "Miss", ".", "The", "natural", "gas", "pipeline", "concern", "said", "the", "500", "million", "cubic", "feet", "a", "day", "capacity", "pipeline", "would", "be", "built", "by", "a", "proposed", "joint", "venture", "between", "two", "Panhandle", "Eastern", "units", "-", "Texas", "Eastern", "Transmission", "Corp.", "and", "Trunkline", "Gas", "Co", ".", "Texas", "Eastern", "Transmission", "will", "build", "and", "operate", "the", "system", ",", "which", "will", "connect", "the", "Arkoma", "Basin", "with", "several", "interstate", "pipelines", "." ]
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[ "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "ccomp", "punct", "case", "obl", "case", "nmod", "case", "nmod:poss", "nmod", "punct", "case", "det", "compound", "compound", "compound", "obl", "case", "obl", "mark", "acl", "det", "amod", "punct", "amod", "compound", "nummod", "compound", "obj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "appos", "punct", "case", "obl", "punct", "appos", "punct", "det", "amod", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "compound", "nummod", "amod", "dep", "det", "dep", "compound", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "aux:pass", "ccomp", "case", "det", "amod", "compound", "obl", "case", "nummod", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "compound", "compound", "compound", "dep", "cc", "compound", "compound", "conj", "punct", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "aux", "root", "cc", "conj", "det", "obj", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "acl:relcl", "det", "compound", "obj", "case", "amod", "amod", "obl", "punct" ]
[ "Robert", "L.", "Bernstein", ",", "chairman", "and", "president", "of", "Random", "House", "Inc.", ",", "announced", "his", "resignation", "from", "the", "publishing", "house", "he", "has", "run", "for", "23", "years", ".", "A", "successor", "was", "n't", "named", ",", "which", "fueled", "speculation", "that", "Mr.", "Bernstein", "may", "have", "clashed", "with", "S.I.", "Newhouse", "Jr.", ",", "whose", "family", "company", ",", "Advance", "Publications", "Inc.", ",", "owns", "Random", "House", ".", "Abrupt", "departures", "are", "n't", "unheard", "of", "within", "the", "Newhouse", "empire", ".", "In", "an", "interview", ",", "Mr.", "Bernstein", "said", "his", "departure", "``", "evolved", "out", "of", "discussions", "with", "Si", "Newhouse", "and", "that", "'s", "the", "decision", "I", "reached", ".", "''", "He", "declined", "to", "elaborate", ",", "other", "than", "to", "say", ",", "``", "It", "just", "seemed", "the", "right", "thing", "to", "do", "at", "this", "minute", ".", "Sometimes", "you", "just", "go", "with", "your", "gut", ".", "''", "Mr.", "Bernstein", "said", "he", "will", "stay", "until", "Dec.", "31", "and", "work", "with", "his", "successor", ",", "who", "is", "to", "be", "named", "soon", ".", "Mr.", "Newhouse", ",", "meanwhile", ",", "insisted", "that", "he", "is", "n't", "unhappy", "with", "Mr.", "Bernstein", "or", "the", "performance", "of", "Random", "House", ",", "the", "largest", "trade", "publishing", "house", "in", "the", "U.S.", ".", "The", "company", "said", "the", "publisher", "'s", "annual", "sales", "volume", "increased", "to", "$", "800", "million", "from", "$", "40", "million", "during", "Mr.", "Bernstein", "'s", "tenure", ".", "``", "Bob", "has", "handled", "the", "extraordinary", "growth", "of", "the", "company", "quite", "brilliantly", ",", "''", "said", "Mr.", "Newhouse", ".", "``", "The", "company", "is", "doing", "well", ",", "it", "'s", "stable", ",", "it", "'s", "got", "good", "people", ".", "Bob", "has", "an", "agenda", "and", "this", "seemed", "like", "the", "natural", "time", ".", "''", "Publishing", "officials", "believe", "that", "while", "Random", "House", "has", "enjoyed", "spectacular", "growth", "and", "has", "smoothly", "integrated", "many", "acquisitions", "in", "recent", "years", ",", "some", "of", "the", "bigger", "ones", "have", "n't", "been", "absorbed", "so", "easily", ".", "Crown", "Publishing", "Group", ",", "acquired", "last", "year", ",", "is", "said", "to", "be", "turning", "in", "disappointing", "results", ".", "As", "a", "private", "company", ",", "Random", "House", "does", "n't", "report", "its", "earnings", ".", "Mr.", "Bernstein", ",", "who", "succeeded", "Bennett", "Cerf", ",", "has", "been", "only", "the", "second", "president", "of", "Random", "House", "since", "it", "was", "founded", "in", "1925", ".", "Speculation", "on", "his", "successor", "centers", "on", "a", "number", "of", "division", "heads", "at", "the", "house", ".", "Possible", "candidates", "include", "Susan", "Petersen", ",", "president", "of", "Ballantine/Del", "Rey/Fawcett", ",", "Random", "House", "'s", "huge", "and", "successful", "paperback", "division", ".", "Some", "say", "Anthony", "Cheetham", ",", "head", "of", "a", "recently", "acquired", "British", "company", ",", "Century", "Hutchinson", ",", "could", "be", "chosen", ".", "There", "is", "also", "speculation", "that", "Mr.", "Newhouse", "could", "bring", "in", "a", "powerhouse", "businessman", "or", "another", "Newhouse", "family", "member", "to", "run", "the", "business", "side", ",", "in", "combination", "with", "a", "publishing", "executive", "like", "Robert", "Gottlieb", ",", "who", "left", "Random", "House", "'s", "Alfred", "A.", "Knopf", "to", "run", "the", "New", "Yorker", ",", "also", "owned", "by", "the", "Newhouse", "family", ".", "Not", "included", "on", "the", "most-likely-successor", "list", "are", "Joni", "Evans", ",", "recruited", "two", "years", "ago", "to", "be", "publisher", "of", "adult", "trade", "books", "for", "Random", "House", ",", "and", "Sonny", "Mehta", ",", "president", "of", "the", "prestigious", "Alfred", "A.", "Knopf", "unit", ".", "When", "Ms.", "Evans", "took", "her", "job", ",", "several", "important", "divisions", "that", "had", "reported", "to", "her", "predecessor", "were", "n't", "included", "partly", "because", "she", "did", "n't", "wish", "to", "be", "a", "full-time", "administrator", ".", "Mr.", "Mehta", "is", "widely", "viewed", "as", "a", "brilliant", "editor", "but", "a", "less-than-brilliant", "administrator", "and", "his", "own", "departure", "was", "rumored", "recently", ".", "Mr.", "Bernstein", ",", "a", "tall", ",", "energetic", "man", "who", "is", "widely", "respected", "as", "a", "publishing", "executive", ",", "has", "spent", "much", "of", "his", "time", "in", "recent", "years", "on", "human", "rights", "issues", "." ]
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[ "If", "growth", "regains", "its", "glamour", "among", "investors", ",", "a", "sluggish", "segment", "of", "the", "Nasdaq", "over-the-counter", "market", "could", "show", "some", "flash", ".", "Some", "stock", "pickers", "already", "are", "targeting", "the", "OTC", "market", ",", "where", ",", "they", "say", ",", "await", "plenty", "of", "small", "-", "and", "medium-sized", "growth", "stocks", ".", "Best", "of", "all", ",", "they", "add", ",", "these", "growth", "issues", ",", "unlike", "their", "big", "blue-chip", "cousins", "on", "the", "New", "York", "Stock", "Exchange", ",", "are", "languishing", "at", "depressed", "prices", ".", "Growth", "stocks", "will", "return", "to", "favor", ",", "some", "analysts", "and", "money", "managers", "think", ",", "because", "of", "the", "jitters", "caused", "by", "the", "market", "'s", "steep", "slide", "on", "Oct.", "13", ",", "and", "because", "of", "the", "current", "swell", "of", "disappointing", "earnings", "announcements", ".", "Against", "such", "a", "backdrop", ",", "companies", "with", "proven", "track", "records", "of", "earnings", "gains", "of", "20", "%", "or", "so", "annually", "have", "extra", "appeal", ".", "``", "The", "market", "will", "have", "to", "look", "for", "a", "new", "theme", "now", "and", "that", "theme", "will", "be", "a", "return", "to", "growth", ",", "''", "declares", "Mary", "Farrell", ",", "a", "PaineWebber", "analyst", ".", "Among", "her", "OTC", "picks", "are", "Oshkosh", "B'Gosh", "and", "A&W", "Brands", ".", "Like", "many", "OTC", "growth", "issues", ",", "they", "have", "market", "values", "--", "as", "measured", "by", "stock", "price", "times", "shares", "outstanding", "--", "of", "roughly", "$", "100", "million", "to", "$", "500", "million", ".", "Some", "like", "to", "specialize", "in", "growth", "companies", "whose", "shares", "have", "n't", "traded", "publicly", "very", "long", ".", "These", "are", "sometimes", "dubbed", "``", "emerging", "''", "growth", "companies", ",", "though", "they", "also", "have", "expanding-profit", "track", "records", ".", "While", "many", "growth", "stocks", "are", "small", ",", "not", "all", "small", "stocks", "have", "earnings-growth", "momentum", ".", "That", "'s", "an", "important", "distinction", "because", "some", "analysts", "and", "brokers", ",", "who", "perennially", "predict", "that", "small", "stocks", "are", "about", "to", "outperform", "bigger", "issues", ",", "may", "use", "any", "spurt", "in", "growth", "issues", "to", "help", "them", "sell", "all", "small", "stocks", ".", "``", "You", "can", "find", "some", "good", ",", "quality", "companies", "over", "the", "counter", ",", "''", "but", "investors", "should", "be", "selective", ",", "says", "John", "Palicka", ",", "chief", "portfolio", "manager", "at", "Midco", "Investors", ",", "a", "Newark", ",", "N.J.", ",", "money", "management", "company", "with", "about", "$", "900", "million", "invested", "in", "growth", "stocks", "of", "varying", "sizes", ".", "Mr.", "Palicka", "'s", "picks", "from", "the", "OTC", "market", "include", "Legent", ",", "Mail", "Boxes", "Etc.", ",", "and", "Payco", "American", ".", "The", "main", "argument", "for", "growth", "stocks", "is", "their", "usually", "superior", "performance", "in", "a", "slowing", "economy", ".", "``", "If", "the", "market", "refocuses", "on", "earnings", ",", "we", "should", "get", "better", "valuations", "of", "growth", "stocks", ",", "''", "says", "L.", "Keith", "Mullins", ",", "a", "growth-stock", "analyst", "at", "Morgan", "Stanley", ".", "Eventually", ",", "he", "believes", ",", "investors", "will", "be", "willing", "to", "pay", "higher", "prices", "for", "companies", "with", "proven", "track", "records", "of", "earnings", "growth", ".", "In", "anticipation", "of", "that", "shift", ",", "he", "and", "other", "analysts", "are", "encouraging", "their", "clients", "to", "buy", "such", "issues", "now", ".", "Understandably", ",", "smaller", "growth", "stocks", "have", "n't", "been", "in", "favor", "recently", ".", "The", "average", "issue", "on", "Standard", "&", "Poor", "'s", "500-stock", "Index", "gained", "35", "%", "last", "year", ",", "Ms.", "Farrell", "of", "PaineWebber", "says", ".", "Smaller-stock", "earnings", ",", "by", "comparison", ",", "rose", "between", "15", "%", "and", "20", "%", ".", "In", "addition", ",", "earnings", "growth", "took", "a", "back", "seat", "to", "cash", "flow", ",", "restructuring", "and", "takeover", "potential", ",", "and", "breakup", "value", "as", "the", "preferred", "stock-picking", "standards", "for", "much", "of", "the", "year", ".", "Also", ",", "the", "smaller", "growth", "stocks", "are", "n't", "widely", "traded", ",", "and", "so", "are", "harder", "to", "buy", "and", "sell", "quickly", "than", "blue", "chips", ".", "As", "a", "result", ",", "Morgan", "Stanley", "'s", "Index", "of", "40", "Emerging", "Growth", "Stocks", "--", "most", "of", "which", "are", "in", "the", "OTC", "market", "--", "is", "up", "only", "13", "%", "for", "the", "year", ",", "while", "the", "Dow", "Jones", "Industrial", "Average", "has", "leaped", "24", "%", "and", "the", "S&P", "500", "has", "grown", "25", "%", ".", "The", "Nasdaq", "Composite", "has", "gained", "23", "%", "this", "year", ",", "but", "that", "'s", "largely", "due", "to", "the", "100", "largest", "nonfinancial", "stocks", ",", "which", "have", "soared", "30", "%", ".", "Some", "investors", "are", "skeptical", "of", "growth", "stocks", "because", "investing", "in", "them", "means", "ignoring", "that", "maxim", "found", "in", "the", "fine", "print", "of", "some", "investment", "advertisements", "--", "that", "past", "performance", "is", "n't", "indicative", "of", "future", "results", ".", "``", "People", "are", "naturally", "suspicious", "of", "them", ",", "''", "says", "Mr.", "Mullins", "of", "Morgan", "Stanley", ".", "Among", "his", "favorites", "in", "his", "firm", "'s", "index", "are", "Legent", ",", "Silicon", "Graphics", "and", "Novell", ".", "However", ",", "more", "money", "managers", "are", "reassured", "that", "profit", "is", "regaining", "importance", ".", "Mark", "Schoeppner", ",", "portfolio", "manager", "at", "Pittsburgh-based", "Quaker", "Capital", "Management", ",", "says", "that", "in", "reaction", "to", "nervousness", "about", "debt-laden", "buy-out", "transactions", ",", "analysts", "and", "investors", "now", "appear", "to", "be", "``", "valuing", "stock", "based", "on", "future", "earnings", "as", "opposed", "to", "the", "amount", "of", "debt", "the", "company", "can", "support", ".", "''", "Barney", "Hallingby", ",", "managing", "director", "of", "research", "at", "Hambrecht", "&", "Quist", ",", "also", "believes", "earnings", "growth", "is", "beginning", "to", "play", "a", "greater", "part", "in", "investors", "'", "buying", "decisions", ".", "On", "Friday", ",", "Hambrecht", "&", "Quist", "added", "St.", "Jude", "Medical", "to", "the", "list", "of", "20", "stocks", "it", "strongly", "recommends", ".", "The", "opinion", "is", "largely", "based", "on", "the", "company", "'s", "earnings", "momentum", ",", "Mr.", "Hallingby", "says", ".", "St.", "Jude", "'s", "market", "value", "on", "Nasdaq", "exceeds", "$", "1", "billion", ",", "so", "it", "is", "n't", "a", "small", "stock", ".", "The", "medical", "devices", "maker", "'s", "earnings", "rose", "nearly", "35", "%", "in", "1987", "from", "1986", ",", "and", "75", "%", "in", "1988", ".", "Kurt", "Kruger", ",", "who", "follows", "the", "stock", "for", "Hambrecht", "&", "Quist", ",", "anticipates", "that", "the", "company", "'s", "net", "income", "will", "grow", "51", "%", "to", "$", "2.15", "a", "share", "this", "year", ".", "St.", "Jude", "finished", "up", "1/4", "to", "44", "1/2", "on", "Friday", ".", "Friday", "'s", "Market", "Activity", "The", "Nasdaq", "Composite", "Index", "eased", "0.13", "to", "470.67", ".", "The", "composite", "finished", "up", "0.7", "%", "from", "last", "Friday", "'s", "close", ".", "It", "was", "a", "busy", "week", "for", "OTC", "stocks", ".", "Friday", "'s", "volume", "totaled", "158.2", "million", "shares", ";", "the", "daily", "average", "for", "the", "week", "was", "a", "bustling", "176.7", "million", ".", "Valley", "National", "lost", "1", "3/8", "to", "17", "1/8", "on", "volume", "of", "1.9", "million", "shares", ".", "The", "company", "reported", "a", "big", "third-quarter", "loss", "on", "Thursday", ".", "Merchants", "Bank", "of", "New", "York", "lost", "1", "to", "106", "after", "reporting", "that", "its", "third-quarter", "net", "income", "fell", "to", "$", "1.62", "a", "share", "from", "last", "year", "'s", "$", "1.67", "a", "share", ".", "Eliot", "Savings", "Bank", "lost", "7/8", "to", "1", "5/8", "after", "reporting", "that", "it", "had", "a", "$", "4.8", "million", "loss", "in", "the", "latest", "third", "quarter", "mostly", "because", "of", "loan-loss", "provisions", ".", "In", "the", "1988", "quarter", ",", "the", "bank", "earned", "$", "1.1", "million", ".", "One", "bank", "stock", "was", "a", "winner", ".", "BanPonce", "jumped", "4", "1/2", "to", "47", "3/4", "after", "agreeing", "to", "be", "acquired", "by", "Banco", "Popular", "de", "Puerto", "Rico", "for", "$", "56.25", "a", "share", ".", "Banco", "Popular", ",", "meanwhile", ",", "dropped", "1", "1/4", "to", "21", "1/2", ".", "Sierra", "Tucson", ",", "an", "initial", "public", "offering", ",", "made", "the", "most", "active", "list", ".", "The", "company", "'s", "shares", "began", "trading", "at", "12", "1/2", ",", "up", "from", "its", "initial", "offering", "price", "of", "12", ",", "and", "closed", "at", "13", ".", "Sierra", "Tucson", "operates", "an", "addiction", "treatment", "center", ".", "Among", "declining", "issues", ",", "a", "weak", "earnings", "outlook", "drove", "Groundwater", "Technology", "down", "6", "1/4", "to", "24", ".", "The", "company", "said", "results", "for", "its", "second", "quarter", "ended", "Oct.", "28", "could", "drop", "as", "much", "as", "20", "%", "below", "the", "30", "cents", "a", "share", "reported", "in", "the", "year-earlier", "quarter", ".", "Medstone", "International", "plummeted", "3", "1/4", "to", "7", "1/4", ".", "A", "Food", "and", "Drug", "Administration", "advisory", "panel", "has", "asked", "that", "Medstone", "perform", "more", "studies", "on", "its", "device", "to", "treat", "gallstones", ".", "Qintex", "Entertainment", "dropped", "2", "5/8", "to", "1", "1/2", "after", "seeking", "protection", "from", "creditor", "lawsuits", "under", "Chapter", "11", "of", "the", "federal", "Bankruptcy", "Code", "for", "itself", "and", "its", "two", "operating", "subsidiaries", ",", "Hal", "Roach", "Studios", "and", "Qintex", "Productions", ".", "Raymond", "Corp.", "lost", "1", "to", "10", "after", "it", "said", "late", "Thursday", "that", "it", "will", "take", "a", "$", "4.4", "million", "charge", "in", "its", "third", "quarter", "for", "reserves", "to", "cover", "potential", "charges", "in", "connection", "with", "the", "closing", "and", "sale", "of", "a", "manufacturing", "plant", ".", "As", "a", "result", ",", "the", "company", "has", "suspended", "its", "quarterly", "dividend", ".", "McCaw", "Cellular", "Communications", "and", "its", "target", ",", "LIN", "Broadcasting", ",", "were", "active", ".", "LIN", "added", "5/8", "to", "110", "5/8", "and", "McCaw", "lost", "1/4", "to", "41", ".", "McCaw", "said", "it", "has", "secured", "commitments", "from", "three", "banks", "to", "help", "finance", "its", "$", "125-a-share", "bid", "for", "22", "million", "of", "Lin", "'s", "shares", ".", "McCaw", "has", "called", "for", "a", "``", "fair", "auction", "''", "of", "LIN", ",", "which", "earlier", "entered", "a", "stock-swap", "merger", "pact", "with", "BellSouth", ".", "Following", "the", "release", "of", "the", "company", "'s", "fourth-quarter", "earnings", ",", "Apple", "Computer", "dropped", "3/4", "to", "48", "on", "volume", "of", "more", "than", "2.3", "million", "shares", ".", "Apple", "earned", "$", "161.1", "million", ",", "or", "$", 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[ "Y.J.", "Park", "and", "her", "family", "scrimped", "for", "four", "years", "to", "buy", "a", "tiny", "apartment", "here", ",", "but", "found", "that", "the", "closer", "they", "got", "to", "saving", "the", "$", "40,000", "they", "originally", "needed", ",", "the", "more", "the", "price", "rose", ".", "By", "this", "month", ",", "it", "had", "more", "than", "doubled", ".", "Now", "the", "33-year-old", "housewife", ",", "whose", "husband", "earns", "a", "modest", "salary", "as", "an", "assistant", "professor", "of", "economics", ",", "is", "saving", "harder", "than", "ever", ".", "``", "I", "am", "determined", "to", "get", "an", "apartment", "in", "three", "years", ",", "''", "she", "says", ".", "``", "It", "'s", "all", "I", "think", "about", "or", "talk", "about", ".", "''", "For", "the", "Parks", "and", "millions", "of", "other", "young", "Koreans", ",", "the", "long-cherished", "dream", "of", "home", "ownership", "has", "become", "a", "cruel", "illusion", ".", "For", "the", "government", ",", "it", "has", "become", "a", "highly", "volatile", "political", "issue", ".", "Last", "May", ",", "a", "government", "panel", "released", "a", "report", "on", "the", "extent", "and", "causes", "of", "the", "problem", ".", "During", "the", "past", "15", "years", ",", "the", "report", "showed", ",", "housing", "prices", "increased", "nearly", "fivefold", ".", "The", "report", "laid", "the", "blame", "on", "speculators", ",", "who", "it", "said", "had", "pushed", "land", "prices", "up", "ninefold", ".", "The", "panel", "found", "that", "since", "1987", ",", "real-estate", "prices", "rose", "nearly", "50", "%", "in", "a", "speculative", "fever", "fueled", "by", "economic", "prosperity", ",", "the", "1988", "Seoul", "Olympics", "and", "the", "government", "'s", "pledge", "to", "rapidly", "develop", "Korea", "'s", "southwest", ".", "The", "result", "is", "that", "those", "rich", "enough", "to", "own", "any", "real", "estate", "at", "all", "have", "boosted", "their", "holdings", "substantially", ".", "For", "those", "with", "no", "holdings", ",", "the", "prospects", "of", "buying", "a", "home", "are", "ever", "slimmer", ".", "In", "1987", ",", "a", "quarter", "of", "the", "population", "owned", "91", "%", "of", "the", "nation", "'s", "71,895", "square", "kilometers", "of", "private", "land", ",", "the", "report", "said", ",", "and", "10", "%", "of", "the", "population", "owned", "65", "%", "of", "the", "land", "devoted", "to", "housing", ".", "Meanwhile", ",", "the", "government", "'s", "Land", "Bureau", "reports", "that", "only", "about", "a", "third", "of", "Korean", "families", "own", "their", "own", "homes", ".", "Rents", "have", "soared", "along", "with", "house", "prices", ".", "Former", "National", "Assemblyman", "Hong", "Sa-Duk", ",", "now", "a", "radio", "commentator", ",", "says", "the", "problem", "is", "intolerable", "for", "many", "people", ".", "``", "I", "'m", "afraid", "of", "a", "popular", "revolt", "if", "this", "situation", "is", "n't", "corrected", ",", "''", "he", "adds", ".", "In", "fact", ",", "during", "the", "past", "three", "months", "there", "have", "been", "several", "demonstrations", "at", "the", "office", "complex", "where", "the", "Land", "Bureau", "is", "housed", ",", "and", "at", "the", "National", "Assembly", ",", "demanding", "the", "government", "put", "a", "stop", "to", "real-estate", "speculation", ".", "President", "Roh", "Tae", "Woo", "'s", "administration", "has", "been", "studying", "the", "real-estate", "crisis", "for", "the", "past", "year", "with", "an", "eye", "to", "partial", "land", "redistribution", ".", "Last", "week", ",", "the", "government", "took", "three", "bills", "to", "the", "National", "Assembly", ".", "The", "proposed", "legislation", "is", "aimed", "at", "rectifying", "some", "of", "the", "inequities", "in", "the", "current", "land-ownership", "system", ".", "Highlights", "of", "the", "bills", ",", "as", "currently", "framed", ",", "are", ":", "--", "A", "restriction", "on", "the", "amount", "of", "real", "estate", "one", "family", "can", "own", ",", "to", "660", "square", "meters", "in", "the", "nation", "'s", "six", "largest", "cities", ",", "but", "more", "in", "smaller", "cities", "and", "rural", "areas", ".", "The", "government", "will", "penalize", "offenders", ",", "but", "wo", "n't", "confiscate", "property", ".", "--", "A", "tax", "of", "between", "3", "%", "and", "6", "%", "on", "property", "holdings", "that", "exceed", "the", "governmentset", "ceiling", ".", "--", "Taxes", "of", "between", "15", "%", "and", "50", "%", "a", "year", "on", "``", "excessive", "''", "profits", "from", "the", "resale", "of", "property", ",", "or", "the", "sale", "of", "idle", "land", "to", "the", "government", ".", "The", "government", "defines", "excessive", "profits", "as", "those", "above", "the", "average", "realized", "for", "other", "similar-sized", "properties", "in", "an", "area", ".", "--", "Grace", "periods", "ranging", "from", "two", "to", "five", "years", "before", "the", "full", "scope", "of", "the", "penalties", "takes", "effect", ".", "The", "administration", "says", "the", "measures", "would", "stem", "rampant", "property", "speculation", ",", "free", "more", "land", "for", "the", "government", "'s", "ambitious", "housing-construction", "program", ",", "designed", "to", "build", "two", "million", "apartments", "by", "1992", "--", "and", ",", "perhaps", ",", "boost", "the", "popular", "standing", "of", "President", "Roh", ".", "But", "opposition", "legislators", "and", "others", "calling", "for", "help", "for", "South", "Korea", "'s", "renters", "say", "the", "proposed", "changes", "do", "n't", "go", "far", "enough", "to", "make", "it", "possible", "for", "ordinary", "people", "to", "buy", "a", "home", ".", "Some", "want", "lower", "limits", "on", "house", "sizes", ";", "others", "insist", "on", "progressively", "higher", "taxation", "for", "larger", "homes", "and", "lots", ".", "The", "Citizens", "Coalition", "for", "Economic", "Justice", ",", "a", "public-interest", "group", "leading", "the", "charge", "for", "radical", "reform", ",", "wants", "restrictions", "on", "landholdings", ",", "high", "taxation", "of", "capital", "gains", ",", "and", "drastic", "revamping", "of", "the", "value-assessment", "system", "on", "which", "property", "taxes", "are", "based", ".", "But", "others", ",", "large", "landowners", ",", "real-estate", "developers", "and", "business", "leaders", ",", "say", "the", "government", "'s", "proposals", "are", "intolerable", ".", "Led", "by", "the", "Federation", "of", "Korean", "Industries", ",", "the", "critics", "are", "lobbying", "for", "the", "government", "to", "weaken", "its", "proposed", "restrictions", "and", "penalties", ".", "Government", "officials", "who", "are", "urging", "real-estate", "reforms", "balk", "at", "the", "arguments", "of", "business", "leaders", "and", "chafe", "at", "their", "pressure", ".", "``", "There", "is", "no", "violation", "of", "the", "capitalistic", "principle", "of", "private", "property", "in", "what", "we", "are", "doing", ",", "''", "says", "Lee", "Kyu", "Hwang", ",", "director", "of", "the", "government", "'s", "Land", "Bureau", ",", "which", "drafted", "the", "bills", ".", "But", ",", "he", "adds", ",", "the", "constitution", "empowers", "the", "government", "to", "impose", "some", "controls", ",", "to", "mitigate", "the", "shortage", "of", "land", ".", "The", "land", "available", "for", "housing", "construction", "stands", "at", "about", "46.2", "square", "meters", "a", "person", "--", "18", "%", "lower", "than", "in", "Taiwan", "and", "only", "about", "half", "that", "of", "Japan", ".", "Mr.", "Lee", "estimates", "that", "about", "10,000", "property", "speculators", "are", "operating", "in", "South", "Korea", ".", "The", "chief", "culprits", ",", "he", "says", ",", "are", "big", "companies", "and", "business", "groups", "that", "buy", "huge", "amounts", "of", "land", "``", "not", "for", "their", "corporate", "use", ",", "but", "for", "resale", "at", "huge", "profit", ".", "''", "One", "research", "institute", "calculated", "that", "as", "much", "as", "67", "%", "of", "corporate-owned", "land", "is", "held", "by", "403", "companies", "--", "and", "that", "as", "little", "as", "1.5", "%", "of", "that", "is", "used", "for", "business", ".", "The", "government", "'s", "Office", "of", "Bank", "Supervision", "and", "Examination", "told", "the", "National", "Assembly", "this", "month", "that", "in", "the", "first", "half", "of", "1989", ",", "the", "nation", "'s", "30", "largest", "business", "groups", "bought", "real", "estate", "valued", "at", "$", "1.5", "billion", ".", "The", "Ministry", "of", "Finance", ",", "as", "a", "result", ",", "has", "proposed", "a", "series", "of", "measures", "that", "would", "restrict", "business", "investment", "in", "real", "estate", "even", "more", "tightly", "than", "restrictions", "aimed", "at", "individuals", ".", "Under", "those", "measures", ",", "financial", "institutions", "would", "be", "restricted", "from", "owning", "any", "more", "real", "estate", "than", "they", "need", "for", "their", "business", "operations", ".", "Banks", ",", "investment", "and", "credit", "firms", "would", "be", "permitted", "to", "own", "land", "equivalent", "in", "value", "to", "50", "%", "of", "their", "capital", "--", "currently", "the", "proportion", "is", "75", "%", ".", "The", "maximum", "allowable", "property", "holdings", "for", "insurance", "companies", "would", "be", "reduced", "to", "10", "%", "of", "their", "total", "asset", "value", ",", "down", "from", "15", "%", "currently", ".", "But", "Mrs.", "Park", "acknowledges", "that", "even", "if", "the", "policies", "work", "to", "slow", "or", "stop", "speculation", ",", "apartment", "prices", "are", "unlikely", "to", "go", "down", ".", "At", "best", ",", "she", "realizes", ",", "they", "will", "rise", "more", "slowly", "--", "more", "slowly", ",", "she", "hopes", ",", "than", "her", "family", "'s", "income", "." ]
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[ "Sales", "of", "North", "American-built", "cars", "and", "trucks", "plunged", "20.5", "%", "in", "mid-October", "from", "a", "year", "earlier", ",", "as", "domestic", "manufacturers", "paid", "the", "price", "for", "heavy", "incentives", "earlier", "this", "year", ".", "``", "People", "are", "waiting", "for", "-LCB-", "new", "-RCB-", "factory", "giveaways", ",", "''", "said", "Ben", "Kaye", ",", "sales", "manager", "of", "Bob", "Brest", "Auto", "World", "in", "Lynn", ",", "Mass.", ",", "whose", "sales", "are", "slow", ".", "This", "trend", "appears", "to", "be", "especially", "true", "at", "General", "Motors", "Corp.", ",", "which", "used", "both", "dealer", "and", "consumer", "incentives", "to", "ignite", "sales", "in", "August", "and", "September", ".", "Since", "then", ",", "deliveries", "have", "slumped", ".", "GM", "'s", "car", "sales", "dropped", "24.8", "%", "in", "mid-October", "to", "69,980", ",", "while", "truck", "sales", "fell", "26", "%", "to", "37,860", ".", "GM", "also", "had", "dismal", "results", "in", "the", "first", "10", "days", "of", "the", "month", ",", "while", "other", "auto", "makers", "reported", "mixed", "results", ".", "All", "of", "the", "Big", "Three", "suffered", "in", "the", "just-ended", "period", ",", "however", ",", "with", "sales", "of", "all", "domestically", "made", "cars", ",", "including", "those", "built", "at", "Japanese-managed", "plants", ",", "falling", "19", "%", "to", "158,863", "from", "a", "year", "earlier", ".", "The", "seasonal", "adjusted", "annual", "selling", "rate", "was", "six", "million", "vehicles", ",", "a", "small", "improvement", "from", "the", "5.8", "million", "rate", "of", "early", "October", ",", "but", "a", "big", "drop", "from", "the", "7.1", "million", "rate", "a", "year", "ago", ".", "Sales", "of", "domestically", "made", "trucks", "also", "continued", "to", "be", "sluggish", "in", "mid-October", ",", "dropping", "22.8", "%", "to", "94,543", "from", "a", "year", "ago", ".", "The", "Big", "Three", "auto", "makers", "already", "have", "slashed", "fourth-quarter", "production", "plans", "10.4", "%", "below", "year-ago", "levels", ",", "but", "that", "may", "not", "be", "enough", "to", "prevent", "inventories", "from", "ballooning", "if", "sales", "do", "n't", "improve", ".", "Industry", "analyst", "John", "H.", "Qualls", ",", "a", "vice", "president", "with", "Hill", "&", "Knowlton", "in", "St.", "Louis", ",", "forecasts", "that", "domestic", "auto", "makers", "will", "have", "a", "93-day", "supply", "of", "cars", "at", "the", "end", "of", "the", "year", ",", "even", "if", "car", "sales", "improve", "to", "a", "6.5", "million", "vehicle", "rate", "for", "the", "quarter", ".", "Ford", "Motor", "Co.", "reported", "a", "21.2", "%", "drop", "in", "sales", "of", "domestic-made", "cars", "to", "46,995", "and", "a", "24.2", "%", "drop", "in", "domestic", "trucks", "to", "31,143", ".", "The", "sales", "are", "being", "dragged", "down", "by", "a", "glut", "of", "1989", "vehicles", ",", "said", "Joel", "Pitcoff", ",", "a", "Ford", "analyst", ".", "The", "earlier", "use", "of", "incentives", "depleted", "the", "market", "of", "``", "scavengers", "''", "for", "bargain-basement", "1989", "cars", ",", "he", "said", ".", "Town", "&", "Country", "Ford", "in", "Charlotte", ",", "N.C.", ",", "still", "needs", "to", "move", "about", "850", "1989", "cars", "and", "trucks", ".", "Business", "had", "been", "fairly", "strong", "until", "Hurricane", "Hugo", "hit", "the", "area", ",", "but", "has", "been", "down", "since", ".", "Chrysler", "Corp.", "also", "hit", "the", "rocks", "in", "mid-October", ".", "The", "No.", "3", "U.S.", "auto", "maker", "had", "a", "23.7", "%", "plunge", "in", "car", "sales", "to", "22,336", "and", "a", "17.5", "%", "drop", "in", "truck", "sales", "to", "22,925", ",", "which", "include", "its", "minivans", "and", "Jeeps", ".", "Honda", "Motor", "Co.", ",", "which", "continues", "to", "have", "short", "supplies", "of", "domestically", "made", "Accords", ",", "saw", "its", "sales", "of", "North", "American-built", "cars", "fall", "14.1", "%", "to", "8,355", ".", "But", "sales", "of", "domestic", "cars", "and", "trucks", "at", "Nissan", "Motor", "Corp.", "rose", "26.1", "%", "to", "5,651", ".", "A", "Nissan", "spokesman", "attributed", "the", "increase", "to", "the", "use", "of", "incentives", "this", "year", "and", "not", "a", "year", "ago", "and", "to", "higher", "fleet", "sales", ".", "Toyota", "Motor", "Corp.", ",", "which", "opened", "a", "plant", "in", "Georgetown", ",", "Ky.", ",", "last", "year", ",", "saw", "sales", "triple", "to", "6,256", "vehicles", ".", "a", "-", "Totals", "include", "only", "vehicle", "sales", "reported", "in", "the", "period", ".", "c", "-", "Domestic", "car", "d", "-", "Percent", "change", "greater", "than", "999", "%", ".", "x", "-", "There", "were", "9", "selling", "days", "in", "the", "most", "recent", "period", "and", "9", "a", "year", "earlier", ".", "Percentage", "differences", "based", "on", "daily", "sales", "rate", "rather", "than", "sales", "volume", "." ]
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"obl", "case", "det", "obl:npmod", "advcl", "punct", "det", "compound", "nummod", "compound", "nsubj", "advmod", "aux", "root", "amod", "compound", "obj", "nummod", "obl", "case", "amod", "dep", "punct", "cc", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "cop", "conj", "mark", "acl", "obj", "case", "obl", "mark", "nsubj", "aux", "advmod", "advcl", "punct", "compound", "compound", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "det", "compound", "appos", "case", "nmod", "cc", "conj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "root", "mark", "amod", "compound", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "det", "amod", "obj", "case", "nmod", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "det", "nmod", "punct", "advmod", "mark", "compound", "nsubj", "advcl", "case", "det", "compound", "dep", "dep", "obl", "case", "det", "nmod", "punct", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "compound", "amod", "obj", "case", "nmod", "case", "amod", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "cc", "det", "compound", "amod", "conj", "case", "amod", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj:pass", "aux", "aux:pass", "ccomp", "compound:prt", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "nummod", "nmod", "punct", "root", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "det", "compound", "appos", "punct", "det", "amod", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "ccomp", "det", "obj", "case", "punct", "obl", "punct", "case", "amod", "nummod", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "root", "punct", "compound", "cc", "conj", "nsubj", "case", "nmod", "punct", "appos", "punct", "advmod", "root", "mark", "xcomp", "advmod", "nummod", "nummod", "obj", "cc", "conj", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "cop", "advmod", "root", "mark", "compound", "nsubj", "advcl", "det", "obj", "punct", "cc", "aux", "conj", "advmod", "advmod", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "advmod", "root", "det", "obj", "case", "obl", "punct", "det", "compound", "nummod", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "compound", "amod", "obj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "cc", "det", "compound", "amod", "conj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "nmod:poss", "obj", "cc", "conj", "punct", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "mark", "xcomp", "amod", "obj", "case", "advmod", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "root", "nmod:poss", "nsubj", "case", "amod", "amod", "nmod", "ccomp", "nummod", "obj", "case", "obl", "punct", "cc", "nsubj", "case", "amod", "nmod", "cc", "conj", "case", "compound", "compound", "nmod", "root", "nummod", "obj", "case", "obl", "punct", "det", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "det", "obj", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "nmod", "det", "obl:tmod", "cc", "advmod", "det", "obl:npmod", "conj", "cc", "case", "amod", "compound", "conj", "punct", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "det", "obj", "case", "obl", "punct", "appos", "punct", "amod", "obl:tmod", "punct", "root", "nsubj", "ccomp", "case", "nummod", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "punct", "dep", "root", "advmod", "compound", "obj", "acl", "case", "det", "obl", "punct", "root", "punct", "amod", "dep", "root", "punct", "compound", "dep", "amod", "case", "nummod", "obl", "punct", "expl", "punct", "dep", "cop", "nummod", "compound", "root", "case", "det", "advmod", "amod", "obl", "cc", "conj", "det", "obl:npmod", "orphan", "punct", "compound", "root", "case", "case", "amod", "compound", "nmod", "cc", "fixed", "compound", "conj", "punct" ]
[ "The", "Canadian", "government", "plans", "to", "auction", "on", "Tuesday", "750", "million", "Canadian", "dollars", "(", "US$", "639.9", "million", ")", "of", "9.25", "%", "bonds", "due", "Dec.", "1", ",", "1999", ",", "the", "Finance", "Department", "said", ".", "Proceeds", "of", "the", "issue", "will", "be", "used", "for", "general", "government", "purposes", "." ]
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[ "det", "amod", "nsubj", "ccomp", "mark", "xcomp", "case", "obl", "compound", "nummod", "amod", "obj", "punct", "dep", "compound", "nummod", "punct", "case", "nummod", "compound", "nmod", "amod", "obl:tmod", "nummod", "punct", "nummod", "punct", "det", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "punct", "nsubj:pass", "case", "det", "nmod", "aux", "aux:pass", "root", "case", "amod", "compound", "obl", "punct" ]
[ "Quest", "Medical", "Inc.", "said", "it", "adopted", "a", "shareholders", "'", "rights", "plan", "in", "which", "rights", "to", "purchase", "shares", "of", "common", "stock", "will", "be", "distributed", "as", "a", "dividend", "to", "shareholders", "of", "record", "as", "of", "Oct.", "23", ".", "The", "company", "said", "the", "plan", "was", "n't", "adopted", "in", "response", "to", "any", "known", "offers", "for", "Quest", ",", "a", "maker", "and", "marketer", "of", "hospital", "products", ".", "The", "rights", "allow", "shareholders", "to", "purchase", "Quest", "stock", "at", "a", "discount", "if", "any", "person", "or", "group", "acquires", "more", "than", "15", "%", "of", "the", "company", "'s", "common", "stock", "or", "announces", "a", "tender", "offer", "." ]
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[ "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "root", "nsubj", "ccomp", "det", "nmod:poss", "case", "compound", "obj", "case", "obl", "nsubj:pass", "mark", "acl", "obj", "case", "amod", "nmod", "aux", "aux:pass", "acl:relcl", "case", "det", "obl", "case", "obl", "case", "nmod", "case", "case", "nmod", "nummod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "det", "nsubj:pass", "aux:pass", "advmod", "ccomp", "case", "obl", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "case", "nmod", "punct", "det", "appos", "cc", "conj", "case", "compound", "nmod", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "obj", "mark", "xcomp", "compound", "obj", "case", "det", "obl", "mark", "det", "nsubj", "cc", "conj", "advcl", "advmod", "fixed", "nummod", "obj", "case", "det", "nmod:poss", "case", "amod", "nmod", "cc", "conj", "det", "compound", "obj", "punct" ]
[ "Sebastian", "Guzman", "Cabrera", "took", "over", "the", "oil", "workers", "union", ",", "Mexico", "'s", "most", "powerful", "labor", "organization", ",", "only", "last", "January", ".", "But", "even", "in", "that", "short", "time", "Mr.", "Guzman", "Cabrera", "has", "become", "as", "controversial", "in", "his", "own", "way", "as", "his", "deposed", "predecessor", ",", "Joaquin", "Hernandez", "Galicia", ",", "known", "as", "La", "Quina", ".", "President", "Carlos", "Salinas", "de", "Gortari", "used", "the", "army", "to", "oust", "La", "Quina", ",", "who", "reigned", "for", "28", "years", "over", "a", "graft-riddled", "empire", "that", "made", "state-run", "Petroleos", "Mexicanos", ",", "or", "Pemex", ",", "one", "of", "the", "world", "'s", "most", "inefficient", "oil", "companies", ".", "Now", ",", "Mr.", "Guzman", "Cabrera", "is", "facing", "accusations", "that", "he", "'s", "as", "much", "a", "company", "man", "as", "La", "Quina", "was", "a", "crook", ".", "In", "recent", "contract", "negotiations", "with", "Pemex", "management", ",", "Mr.", "Guzman", "Cabrera", "accepted", "major", "concessions", "that", "greatly", "curtail", "the", "union", "'s", "role", "in", "subcontracting", ",", "long", "a", "source", "of", "millions", "of", "dollars", "in", "illicit", "earnings", ".", "And", "with", "the", "quiet", "pragmatism", "of", "Mr.", "Guzman", "Cabrera", "replacing", "the", "prickly", "populism", "of", "La", "Quina", ",", "government", "technocrats", "have", "been", "given", "a", "free", "hand", "to", "open", "the", "petrochemical", "sector", "to", "wider", "private", "and", "foreign", "investment", ".", "Mr.", "Guzman", "Cabrera", "'s", "new", "order", "has", "n't", "arrived", "without", "resistance", ".", "Brawls", "between", "union", "factions", "still", "erupt", "at", "Pemex", "installations", ".", "Leftist", "leader", "Cuauhtemoc", "Cardenas", "publicly", "questioned", "Mr.", "Guzman", "Cabrera", "'s", "``", "moral", "quality", ",", "''", "suggesting", "he", "is", "part", "of", "a", "conspiracy", "to", "turn", "over", "the", "country", "'s", "oil", ",", "a", "symbol", "of", "Mexican", "nationalism", ",", "to", "foreigners", ".", "The", "61-year-old", "Mr.", "Guzman", "Cabrera", "takes", "such", "criticisms", "in", "stride", ".", "``", "This", "is", "n't", "a", "new", "kind", "of", "union", "leadership", ",", "it", "'s", "a", "new", "Mexico", ".", "We", "'re", "no", "longer", "afraid", "of", "associating", "with", "private", "or", "foreign", "capital", ",", "''", "he", "says", ".", "Pemex", ",", "which", "produces", "40", "%", "of", "government", "revenue", ",", "desperately", "needs", "new", "investment", ".", "Since", "world", "oil", "prices", "collapsed", "in", "1982", ",", "the", "government", "has", "siphoned", "Pemex", "'s", "coffers", "to", "make", "payments", "on", "Mexico", "'s", "$", "97", "billion", "foreign", "debt", ".", "Little", "money", "has", "been", "returned", "to", "upgrade", "Pemex", "'s", "aging", "facilities", ".", "While", "the", "government", "drains", "Pemex", "from", "above", ",", "the", "union", "has", "drained", "it", "from", "below", ".", "A", "bloated", "payroll", "and", "pervasive", "graft", "caused", "Pemex", "'s", "operating", "costs", "to", "balloon", "to", "95", "cents", "of", "each", "$", "1", "in", "sales", ",", "far", "above", "the", "industry", "norm", ".", "The", "declines", "in", "investment", "and", "efficiency", "explain", "in", "part", "why", "Mexico", "has", "been", "importing", "gasoline", "this", "year", ".", "Some", "projections", "show", "Mexico", "importing", "crude", "by", "the", "end", "of", "the", "century", ",", "barring", "an", "overhaul", "of", "operations", ".", "``", "Whatever", "you", "tried", "to", "change", ",", "whether", "it", "was", "cutting", "costs", "or", "attracting", "new", "partners", ",", "the", "big", "obstacle", "was", "the", "old", "union", "leadership", ",", "''", "says", "oil", "consultant", "George", "Baker", ".", "Enter", "Mr.", "Guzman", "Cabrera", ",", "who", "has", "a", "clear", "understanding", "of", "where", "union", "leaders", "fit", "in", "the", "pro-enterprise", "regime", "of", "President", "Salinas", ".", "``", "I", "'m", "the", "secretary-general", ",", "if", "there", "is", "one", ",", "''", "he", "says", ",", "greeting", "a", "visitor", "to", "his", "office", ".", "Beginning", "as", "a", "laborer", "in", "a", "refinery", ",", "Mr.", "Guzman", "Cabrera", "put", "in", "more", "than", "40", "years", "at", "Pemex", "before", "being", "pushed", "into", "retirement", "by", "La", "Quina", "after", "a", "dispute", "two", "years", "ago", ".", "Though", "he", "also", "long", "benefited", "from", "the", "system", "built", "by", "La", "Quina", ",", "Mr.", "Guzman", "Cabrera", "says", "union", "perks", "had", "simply", "gotten", "out", "of", "hand", ".", "They", "are", "``", "at", "the", "base", "of", "all", "of", "the", "problems", "of", "corruption", ",", "''", "he", "says", ".", "Thus", ",", "in", "recent", "contract", "negotiations", ",", "Mr.", "Guzman", "Cabrera", "gave", "up", "the", "union", "'s", "right", "to", "assign", "40", "%", "of", "all", "of", "Pemex", "'s", "outside", "contracts", "--", "an", "enormous", "source", "of", "kickbacks", ".", "The", "union", "also", "ceded", "the", "2", "%", "commission", "it", "had", "received", "on", "all", "Pemex", "maintenance", "contracts", ".", "(", "The", "union", "will", "keep", "a", "2", "%", "commission", "on", "construction", "projects", ".", ")", "The", "new", "contract", "also", "eliminates", "the", "$", "15", "monthly", "coupon", ",", "good", "only", "at", "union-owned", "grocery", "stores", ",", "that", "was", "part", "of", "the", "salary", "of", "every", "worker", ",", "from", "roughneck", "to", "chief", "executive", ".", "About", "9,800", "technical", "workers", ",", "notably", "chemists", "and", "lawyers", ",", "were", "switched", "to", "non-union", "status", ".", "Also", ",", "because", "of", "its", "reduced", "capital", "budget", ",", "Pemex", "has", "phased", "out", "about", "50,000", "transitory", "construction", "workers", ",", "reducing", "the", "work", "force", "to", "about", "140,000", ",", "the", "union", "leader", "says", ".", "Mr.", "Guzman", "Cabrera", "says", "the", "union", "'s", "sacrifices", "will", "be", "offset", "by", "a", "wage", "and", "benefit", "package", "that", "amounts", "to", "a", "22", "%", "increase", "in", "compensation", ".", "But", "Pemex", "managers", "are", "the", "ones", "most", "thrilled", "by", "the", "contract", ".", "``", "We", "are", "retaking", "the", "instruments", "of", "administration", ",", "''", "says", "Raul", "Robles", ",", "a", "Pemex", "subdirector", ".", "Pemex", "officials", "would", "n't", "say", "how", "much", "money", "the", "new", "contract", "would", "save", "the", "company", ",", "but", "one", "previous", "government", "estimate", "pegged", "savings", "at", "around", "$", "500", "million", "a", "year", ".", "Pemex", "'s", "customers", "also", "are", "pleased", "with", "the", "company", "'s", "new", "spirit", ".", "Grupo", "Desc", ",", "a", "big", "conglomerate", ",", "has", "long", "depended", "on", "Pemex", "petrochemicals", "to", "produce", "plastic", "packing", "material", ".", "But", "when", "the", "Pemex", "plant", "shut", "down", "for", "an", "annual", "overhaul", ",", "it", "would", "never", "give", "notice", "to", "its", "customers", ".", "``", "The", "capriciousness", "would", "completely", "disrupt", "our", "operations", ",", "''", "says", "Ernesto", "Vega", "Velasco", ",", "Desc", "'s", "finance", "director", ".", "This", "year", ",", "for", "the", "first", "time", ",", "Desc", "and", "other", "customers", "were", "consulted", "well", "in", "advance", "of", "the", "Pemex", "plant", "'s", "shutdown", "to", "ensure", "minimal", "inconvenience", ".", "Taming", "the", "union", "complements", "previous", "moves", "by", "the", "government", "to", "attract", "private", "investment", "in", "petrochemicals", ",", "which", "Mexico", "has", "been", "forced", "to", "import", "in", "large", "quantities", "in", "recent", "years", ".", "In", "May", ",", "the", "government", "unveiled", "new", "foreign", "investment", "regulations", "that", "create", "special", "trusts", "allowing", "foreigners", ",", "long", "limited", "to", "a", "40", "%", "stake", "in", "secondary", "petrochemical", "companies", ",", "to", "own", "up", "to", "100", "%", ".", "Later", ",", "the", "government", "reclassified", "several", "basic", "petrochemicals", "as", "secondary", "products", ".", "But", "Pemex", "'s", "courtship", "with", "private", "companies", ",", "and", "especially", "foreign", "ones", ",", "is", "controversial", "in", "a", "country", "where", "oil", "has", "been", "a", "symbol", "of", "national", "sovereignty", "since", "foreign", "oil", "holdings", "were", "nationalized", "in", "1938", ".", "``", "They", "are", "preparing", "the", "workers", "for", "what", "'s", "coming", ":", "foreign", "control", ",", "''", "wrote", "Heberto", "Castillo", ",", "a", "leftist", "leader", ".", "Mr.", "Guzman", "Cabrera", "and", "government", "officials", "insist", "that", "foreigners", "will", "be", "limited", "to", "investing", "in", "secondary", "petroleum", "products", ".", "But", "the", "new", "union", "leader", "makes", "no", "apologies", "for", "Pemex", "'s", "more", "outward-looking", "attitude", ".", "``", "If", "we", "do", "not", "integrate", "into", "this", "new", "world", "of", "interdependence", ",", "sooner", "or", "later", "we", "'re", "going", "to", "become", "victims", "of", "our", "own", "isolation", ",", "''", "he", "says", "." ]
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"king", "--", "and", ",", "some", "say", ",", "an", "arrogant", "and", "abusive", "one", ".", "While", "his", "case", "may", "be", "extreme", ",", "it", "reflects", "the", "vulnerability", "of", "many", "small", "communities", "to", "domineering", "judges", ".", "Last", "March", ",", "nine", "months", "after", "the", "judge", "'s", "swearing-in", ",", "the", "state", "attorney", "general", "'s", "office", "indicted", "him", "on", "a", "sweeping", "array", "of", "charges", "alleging", "more", "than", "10", "years", "of", "``", "official", "oppression", "''", "in", "Cambria", "County", ",", "a", "depressed", "steel", "and", "mining", "community", "in", "western", "Pennsylvania", ".", "The", "allegations", ",", "ranging", "from", "theft", "and", "bribery", "to", "coercion", "and", "lewdness", ",", "paint", "a", "disquieting", "picture", ".", "According", "to", "testimony", "in", "a", "public", ",", "80-page", "grand-jury", "report", "handed", "up", "to", "the", "state", "attorney", "general", ",", "Judge", "O'Kicki", "extorted", "cash", "from", "lawyers", ",", "muscled", "favorable", "loans", "from", "banks", "and", "bullied", "local", "businesses", "for", "more", "than", "a", "decade", ".", "Prosecutors", ",", "in", "an", "indictment", "based", "on", "the", "grand", "jury", "'s", "report", ",", "maintain", "that", "at", "various", "times", "since", "1975", ",", "he", "owned", "a", "secret", "and", "illegal", "interest", "in", "a", "beer", "distributorship", ";", "plotted", "hidden", "ownership", "interests", "in", "real", "estate", "that", "presented", "an", "alleged", "conflict", "of", "interest", ";", "set", "up", "a", "dummy", "corporation", "to", "buy", "a", "car", "and", "obtain", "insurance", "for", "his", "former", "girlfriend", "(", "now", "his", "second", "wife", ")", ";", "and", "maintained", "54", "accounts", "in", "six", "banks", "in", "Cambria", "County", ".", "In", "testimony", "recorded", "in", "the", "grand", "jury", "report", ",", "court", "employees", "said", "the", "judge", ",", "now", "59", "years", "old", ",", "harassed", "his", "secretaries", ",", "made", "imperial", "demands", "on", "his", "staff", "and", "hounded", "anyone", "who", "crossed", "him", ".", "Bailiffs", "claimed", "they", "were", "required", "to", "chauffeur", "him", "to", "and", "from", "work", ",", "mow", "his", "lawn", ",", "chop", "his", "wood", ",", "fix", "his", "car", "and", "even", "drop", "by", "his", "house", "to", "feed", "his", "two", "grown", "mutts", ",", "Dixie", "and", "Husky", ".", "One", "former", "bailiff", "charged", "that", "the", "judge", "double-crossed", "him", "by", "reneging", "on", "a", "promise", "of", "a", "better", "paying", "job", "after", "pocketing", "a", "$", "500", "bribe", ".", "Some", "of", "the", "allegations", "are", "simply", "bizarre", ".", "Two", "former", "secretaries", "told", "the", "grand", "jury", "they", "were", "summoned", "to", "the", "judge", "'s", "chambers", "on", "separate", "occasions", "to", "take", "dictation", ",", "only", "to", "find", "the", "judge", "in", "his", "bikini", "underwear", ".", "One", "secretary", "testified", "that", "the", "judge", "once", "called", "her", "to", "his", "office", "while", "wearing", "nothing", "at", "all", ".", "The", "judge", ",", "suspended", "from", "his", "bench", "pending", "his", "trial", ",", "which", "began", "this", "week", ",", "vehemently", "denies", "all", "the", "allegations", "against", "him", ",", "calling", "them", "``", "ludicrous", "''", "and", "``", "imaginative", ",", "political", "demagoguery", ".", "''", "He", "blames", "the", "indictment", "on", "local", "political", "feuding", ",", "unhappiness", "with", "his", "aggressive", "efforts", "to", "clear", "the", "courthouse", "'s", "docket", "and", "a", "vendetta", "by", "state", "investigators", "and", "prosecutors", "angered", "by", "some", "of", "his", "rulings", "against", "them", ".", "``", "I", "do", "n't", "know", "whose", "toes", "I", "'ve", "stepped", "on", ",", "''", "says", "the", "judge", ".", "``", "I", "'ll", "find", "out", ",", "eventually", ",", "who", "pushed", "the", "state", "police", "buttons", "into", "action", ".", "''", "Even", "if", "only", "some", "of", "the", "allegations", "stand", "up", ",", "however", ",", "they", "provide", "ample", "testimony", "to", "the", "awesome", "power", "of", "judges", "in", "rural", "communities", ".", "That", "power", "can", "sometimes", "be", "abused", ",", "particularly", "since", "jurists", "in", "smaller", "jurisdictions", "operate", "without", "many", "of", "the", "restraints", "that", "serve", "as", "corrective", "measures", "in", "urban", "areas", ".", "Lawyers", "and", "their", "clients", "who", "frequently", "bring", "business", "to", "a", "country", "courthouse", "can", "expect", "to", "appear", "before", "the", "same", "judge", "year", "after", "year", ".", "Fear", "of", "alienating", "that", "judge", "is", "pervasive", ",", "says", "Maurice", "Geiger", ",", "founder", "and", "director", "of", "the", "Rural", "Justice", "Center", "in", "Montpelier", ",", "Vt.", ",", "a", "public", "interest", "group", "that", "researches", "rural", "justice", "issues", ".", "As", "a", "result", ",", "says", "Mr.", "Geiger", ",", "lawyers", "think", "twice", "before", "appealing", "a", "judge", "'s", "ruling", ",", "are", "reluctant", "to", "mount", ",", "or", "even", "support", ",", "challenges", "against", "him", "for", "re-election", "and", "are", "usually", "loath", "to", "file", "complaints", "that", "might", "impugn", "a", "judge", "'s", "integrity", ".", "Judge", "O'Kicki", ",", "a", "stern", "and", "forbidding-looking", "man", ",", "has", "been", "a", "fixture", "in", "the", "local", "legal", "community", "for", "more", "than", "two", "decades", ".", "The", "son", "of", "an", "immigrant", "stonemason", "of", "Slovenian", "descent", ",", "he", "was", "raised", "in", "a", "small", "borough", "outside", "Ebensburg", ",", "the", "Cambria", "County", "seat", ",", "and", "put", "himself", "through", "the", "University", "of", "Pittsburgh", "Law", "School", ".", "He", "graduated", "near", "the", "top", "of", "his", "class", ",", "serving", "on", "the", "school", "law", "review", "with", "Richard", "Thornburgh", ",", "who", "went", "on", "to", "become", "governor", "of", "Pennsylvania", "and", ",", "now", ",", "U.S.", "Attorney", "General", ".", "It", "was", "also", "in", "law", "school", "that", "Mr.", "O'Kicki", "and", "his", "first", "wife", "had", "the", "first", "of", "seven", "daughters", ".", "He", "divorced", "his", "first", "wife", "three", "years", "ago", "and", "married", "the", "daughter", "of", "his", "court", "clerk", ".", "Last", "year", ",", "Pennsylvania", "Supreme", "Court", "Justice", "John", "P.", "Flaherty", "called", "Mr.", "O'Kicki", "one", "of", "the", "finest", "judges", "``", "not", "only", "in", "Pennsylvania", "but", "in", "the", "United", "States", ".", "''", "Clearly", ",", "the", "judge", "has", "had", "his", "share", "of", "accomplishments", ".", "After", "practicing", "law", "locally", ",", "he", "was", "elected", "to", "his", "first", "10-year", "term", "as", "judge", "in", "1971", ";", "in", "1981", ",", "he", "was", "effectively", "re-elected", ".", "Six", "years", "ago", ",", "Judge", "O'Kicki", "was", "voted", "president", "of", "the", "Pennsylvania", "Conference", "of", "State", "Trial", "Judges", "by", "the", "state", "'s", "400", "judges", ".", "He", "has", "been", "considered", "several", "times", "for", "appointments", "to", "federal", "district", "and", "appellate", "court", "vacancies", "in", "Pennsylvania", ".", "And", "when", "he", "ran", "unsuccessfully", "for", "a", "state", "appellate", "court", "seat", "in", "1983", ",", "the", "Pennsylvania", "Bar", "Association", "rated", "him", "``", "one", "of", "the", "best", "available", ",", "''", "after", "interviewing", "local", "lawyers", ".", "``", "He", "probably", "was", "the", "smartest", "guy", "who", "ever", "sat", "on", "our", "bench", ",", "''", "says", "a", "former", "president", "of", "Cambria", "County", "'s", "150-member", "bar", "association", ",", "who", ",", "like", "most", "lawyers", "in", "Cambria", "County", ",", "refuses", "to", "talk", "about", "the", "judge", "publicly", ".", "``", "He", "'s", "sharp", "as", "a", "tack", ".", "He", "could", "grasp", "an", "issue", "with", "the", "blink", "of", "an", "eye", ".", "''", "For", "more", "than", "a", "decade", ",", "virtually", "no", "one", "complained", "about", "Judge", "O'Kicki", ".", "``", "What", "about", "those", "institutions", "that", "are", "supposed", "to", "be", "the", "bedrock", "of", "society", ",", "the", "banks", "and", "the", "bar", "association", "...", "?", "''", "wrote", "a", "columnist", "for", "the", "Tribune-Democrat", ",", "a", "newspaper", "in", "nearby", "Johnstown", ",", "shortly", "after", "the", "scandal", "became", "public", ".", "``", "If", "only", "a", "banker", "or", "a", "lawyer", "had", "spoken", "out", "years", "ago", ",", "the", "judicial", "process", "would", "n't", "be", "under", "the", "taint", "it", "is", "today", ".", "''", "Officials", "with", "the", "Pennsylvania", "Judicial", "Inquiry", "and", "Review", "Board", ",", "the", "arm", "of", "the", "state", "that", "investigates", "judicial", "misconduct", ",", "counter", "that", "they", "had", "no", "inkling", "of", "anything", "amiss", "in", "Ebensburg", ".", "``", "Nobody", "told", "us", ";", "nobody", "called", "us", ",", "''", "says", "an", "official", "close", "to", "the", "case", "who", "asked", "not", "to", "be", "named", ".", "``", "Nobody", "had", "the", "guts", "to", "complain", ".", "''", "Certainly", "not", "the", "lawyers", ".", "Johnstown", "attorney", "Richard", "J.", "Green", "Jr.", "shelled", "out", "$", "500", "in", "loans", "to", "the", "judge", "over", "five", "years", ",", "he", "said", "in", "testimony", "to", "the", "grand", "jury", ".", "``", "The", "judge", "never", "made", "a", "pretense", "of", "repaying", "the", "money", ",", "''", "said", "Mr.", "Green", ".", "Eventually", ",", "Mr.", "Green", "testified", ",", "he", "began", "ducking", "out", "of", "his", "office", "rather", "than", "face", "the", "judge", "when", "he", "visited", ".", "When", "Mr.", "Green", "won", "a", "$", "240,000", "verdict", "in", "a", "land", "condemnation", "case", "against", "the", "state", "in", "June", "1983", ",", "he", "says", "Judge", "O'Kicki", "unexpectedly", "awarded", "him", "an", "additional", "$", "100,000", ".", "Mr.", "Green", "thought", "little", "of", "it", ",", "he", "told", "the", "grand", "jury", ",", "until", "the", "judge", "walked", "up", "to", "him", "after", "the", "courtroom", "had", "cleared", "and", "suggested", "a", "kickback", ".", "``", "Do", "n't", "you", "think", "I", "ought", "to", "get", "a", "commission", "...", "or", "part", "of", "your", "fee", "in", "this", "case", "?", "''", "Mr.", "Green", "said", "the", "judge", "asked", "him", ".", "Appalled", ",", "Mr.", "Green", "never", "paid", "the", "money", ",", "he", "testified", ".", "But", "he", "did", "n't", "complain", "to", "the", "state", "'s", "Judicial", "Inquiry", "and", "Review", "Board", ",", "either", ",", "saying", "later", "that", "he", "feared", "retribution", ".", "Mr.", "O'Kicki", "said", "he", "will", "respond", "to", "Mr.", "Green", "'s", "allegation", "at", "his", "trial", ".", "Like", "most", "of", "Cambria", "County", "'s", "lawyers", "and", "residents", "who", "had", "dealings", "with", "the", "judge", ",", "Mr.", "Green", "declined", "to", "be", "interviewed", "for", "this", "article", ".", "And", "no", "one", "with", "a", "complaint", "about", "the", "judge", "would", "allow", "his", "name", "to", "be", "printed", ".", "``", "I", "do", "n't", "have", "anything", "much", "to", "say", ",", "and", "I", "think", "that", "'s", "what", "you", "'re", "going", "to", "find", "from", "everyone", "else", "you", "talk", "to", "up", "here", ",", "''", "says", "local", "attorney", "Edward", "F.", "Peduzzi", ".", "Says", "another", "lawyer", ":", "``", "The", "practice", "of", "law", "is", "a", "matter", "of", "biting", "one", "'s", "lip", "when", "you", "live", "in", "a", "small", "community", ".", "One", "had", "best", "not", "dance", "on", "top", "of", "a", "coffin", "until", "the", "lid", "is", "sealed", "tightly", "shut", ".", "''", "The", "judge", "was", "considered", "imperious", ",", "abrasive", "and", "ambitious", ",", "those", "who", "practiced", "before", "him", "say", ".", "He", "sipped", "tea", "sweetened", "with", "honey", "from", "his", "high-backed", "leather", "chair", "at", "his", "bench", ",", "while", "scribbling", "notes", "ordering", "spectators", "to", "stop", "whispering", "or", "to", "take", "off", "their", "hats", "in", "his", "courtroom", ".", "Four", "years", "ago", ",", "he", "jailed", "all", "nine", "members", "of", "the", "Cambria", "County", "School", "Board", "for", "several", "hours", "after", "they", "defied", "his", "order", "to", "extend", "the", "school", "year", "by", "several", "weeks", "to", "make", "up", "for", "time", "lost", "during", "a", "teachers", "'", "strike", ".", "Visitors", "in", "his", "chambers", "say", "he", "could", "cite", "precisely", "the", "years", ",", "months", ",", "weeks", "and", "days", "remaining", "until", "mandatory", "retirement", "would", "force", "aside", "the", "presiding", "president", "judge", ",", "giving", "Judge", "O'Kicki", "the", "seniority", "required", "to", "take", "over", "as", "the", "county", "'s", "top", "court", "administrator", ".", "The", "judge", ",", "they", "say", ",", "was", "fiercely", "proud", "of", "his", "abilities", "and", "accomplishments", ".", "``", "My", "name", "is", "judge", ",", "''", "Judge", "O'Kicki", "told", "a", "car", "salesman", "in", "Ebensburg", "when", "he", "bought", "a", "new", "red", "Pontiac", "Sunbird", "in", "October", "1984", ",", "according", "to", "the", "grand-jury", "report", ".", "The", "dealership", "dutifully", "recorded", "the", "sale", "under", "the", "name", "``", "Judge", "O'Kicki", ".", "''", "Yet", ",", "despite", "the", "judge", "'s", "imperial", "bearing", ",", "no", "one", "ever", "had", "reason", "to", "suspect", "possible", "wrongdoing", ",", "says", "John", "Bognato", ",", "president", "of", "Cambria", "County", "'s", "150-member", "bar", "association", ".", "``", "The", "arrogance", "of", "a", "judge", ",", "his", "demeanor", ",", "the", "way", "he", "handles", "people", "are", "not", "a", "basis", "for", "filing", "a", "complaint", ",", "''", "says", "Mr.", "Bognato", ".", "``", "Until", "this", "came", "up", "and", "hit", "the", "press", ",", "there", "was", "never", "any", "indication", "that", "he", "was", "doing", "anything", "wrong", ".", "''", "State", "investigators", "dispute", "that", "view", "now", ",", "particularly", "in", "light", "of", "the", "judge", "'s", "various", "business", "dealings", "in", "Cambria", "County", ".", "The", "judge", "came", "under", "scrutiny", "in", "late", "1987", ",", "after", "the", "state", "attorney", "general", "'s", "office", "launched", "an", "unrelated", "investigation", "into", "corruption", "in", "Cambria", "County", ".", "The", "inquiry", "soon", "focused", "on", "the", "judge", ".", "Even", "his", "routine", "business", "transactions", "caused", "trouble", ",", "according", "to", "the", "grand", "jury", "report", ".", "When", "the", "judge", "bought", "his", "new", "Sunbird", "from", "James", "E.", "Black", "Pontiac-Cadillac", "in", "Ebensburg", "five", "years", "ago", ",", "the", "dealership", "had", "``", "certain", "apprehensions", "''", "about", "the", "judge", "'s", "reputation", ",", "according", "to", "the", "grand-jury", "report", ".", "The", "dealership", "took", "the", "extra", "step", "of", "having", "all", "the", "paper", "work", "for", "the", "transaction", "pre-approved", "by", "Ebensburg", "'s", "local", "lender", ",", "Laurel", "Bank", ".", "Then", ",", "as", "an", "additional", "precaution", ",", "the", "car", "dealership", "took", "the", "judge", "'s", "photograph", "as", "he", "stood", "next", "to", "his", "new", "car", "with", "sales", "papers", "in", "hand", "--", "proof", "that", "he", "had", "received", "the", "loan", "documents", ".", "But", "when", "the", "judge", "received", "his", "payment", "book", ",", "he", "disavowed", "the", "deal", ".", "``", "There", "was", "no", "loan", ",", "there", "is", "no", "loan", ",", "there", "never", "shall", "be", "a", "loan", ",", "''", "the", "judge", "wrote", "the", "bank", "on", "his", "judicial", "stationery", ",", "according", "to", "the", "report", ".", "Later", ",", "the", "judge", "went", "a", "step", "farther", ".", "After", "Laurel", "Bank", "tried", "to", "repossess", "the", "car", ",", "a", "vice", "president", "asked", "him", "to", "intervene", "in", "an", "unrelated", "legal", "dispute", "involving", "a", "trust", "account", ".", "The", "judge", "wrote", "again", ".", "``", "I", "find", "myself", "in", "an", "adversary", "relationship", "with", "Laurel", "Bank", ",", "and", "I", "am", "not", "inclined", "to", "extend", "myself", "as", "far", "as", "any", "favors", "are", "concerned", ",", "''", "the", "judge", "wrote", "back", "in", "a", "letter", "attached", "to", "the", "grand", "jury", "'s", "report", ".", "``", "Perhaps", "if", "my", "personal", "matters", "can", "be", "resolved", "with", "Laurel", "bank", "in", "the", "near", "future", ",", "I", "may", "be", "inclined", "to", "reconsider", "your", "request", "...", ".", "''", "The", "judge", "now", "says", "it", "was", "``", "unfortunate", "''", "that", "he", "chose", "to", "write", "the", "letter", "but", "says", "``", "there", "was", "certainly", "no", "intent", "to", "extort", "there", ".", "''", "The", "bank", "acquiesced", ".", "It", "refinanced", "the", "judge", "'s", "loan", ",", "lowered", "its", "interest", "rate", "and", "accepted", "a", "trade-in", "that", "had", "n't", "originally", "been", "part", "of", "the", "deal", "--", "a", "beat", "up", "1981", "Chevy", "Citation", "the", "dealer", "had", "to", "repair", "before", "it", "could", "be", "resold", ".", "The", "incident", "was", "n't", "the", "only", "time", "the", "judge", "got", "special", "treatment", "from", "his", "local", "bank", ".", "Two", "years", "later", ",", "he", "wrote", "to", "complain", "that", "the", "interest", "he", "was", "paying", "on", "an", "unsecured", "$", "10,000", "loan", "was", "``", "absolutely", "onerous", ".", "''", "Paul", "L.", "Kane", ",", "Laurel", "'s", "president", "at", "the", "time", ",", "quickly", "responded", ".", "The", "bank", ",", "he", "wrote", "back", ",", "was", "``", "immediately", "''", "lowering", "the", "rate", "by", "3.5", "%", ",", "``", "as", "a", "concession", "to", "you", ".", "''", "The", "judge", "says", "he", "ca", "n't", "discuss", "in", "detail", "how", "he", "will", "defend", "himself", "at", "his", "trial", ",", "although", "he", "contends", "that", "if", "he", "were", "as", "corrupt", "as", 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[ "Sony", "Corp.", "won", "a", "pretrial", "order", "blocking", "U.S.", "sales", "of", "Justin", "Products", "Inc.", "'s", "``", "My", "Own", "''", "line", "of", "portable", "audio", "players", "for", "children", ".", "Judge", "John", "E.", "Sprizzo", "issued", "the", "order", "in", "Manhattan", "federal", "court", ",", "where", "Sony", "has", "accused", "the", "tiny", "company", "of", "illegally", "knocking", "off", "the", "``", "My", "First", "Sony", "''", "line", ".", "The", "judge", "held", "that", "the", "combination", "of", "colors", "used", "for", "the", "Sony", "products", "is", "distinctive", "and", "subject", "to", "protection", "under", "New", "York", "state", "law", ",", "rather", "than", "federal", "law", ".", "The", "legal", "fight", "was", "the", "subject", "of", "a", "Wall", "Street", "Journal", "story", "yesterday", ".", "Justin", "'s", "attorney", ",", "Charles", "E.", "Baxley", ",", "said", "Justin", "would", "ask", "an", "appeals", "court", "to", "set", "aside", "the", "order", "temporarily", ",", "pending", "an", "expedited", "appeal", ".", "He", "also", "repeated", "Justin", "'s", "denial", "of", "Sony", "'s", "charges", ".", "``", "Their", "likelihood", "of", "reversing", "us", "is", "very", "slim", ",", "''", "said", "Lewis", "H.", "Eslinger", ",", "Sony", "'s", "attorney", ",", "who", "said", "he", "doubts", "Justin", "will", "go", "ahead", "with", "a", "trial", "." ]
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[ "Digital", "Equipment", "Corp.", "reported", "a", "32", "%", "decline", "in", "net", "income", "on", "a", "modest", "revenue", "gain", "in", "its", "fiscal", "first", "quarter", ",", "causing", "some", "analysts", "to", "predict", "weaker", "results", "ahead", "than", "they", "had", "expected", ".", "Although", "the", "second-largest", "computer", "maker", "had", "prepared", "Wall", "Street", "for", "a", "poor", "quarter", ",", "analysts", "said", "they", "were", "troubled", "by", "signs", "of", "flat", "U.S.", "orders", "and", "a", "slowdown", "in", "the", "rate", "of", "gain", "in", "foreign", "orders", ".", "The", "Maynard", ",", "Mass.", ",", "company", "is", "in", "a", "transition", "in", "which", "it", "is", "trying", "to", "reduce", "its", "reliance", "on", "mid-range", "machines", "and", "establish", "a", "presence", "in", "workstations", "and", "mainframes", ".", "Net", "for", "the", "quarter", "ended", "Sept.", "30", "fell", "to", "$", "150.8", "million", ",", "or", "$", "1.20", "a", "share", ",", "from", "$", "223", "million", ",", "or", "$", "1.71", "a", "share", ",", "a", "year", "ago", ".", "Revenue", "rose", "6.4", "%", "to", "$", "3.13", "billion", "from", "$", "2.94", "billion", ".", "Digital", "said", "a", "shift", "in", "its", "product", "mix", "toward", "low-end", "products", "and", "strong", "growth", "in", "workstation", "sales", "yielded", "lower", "gross", "margins", ".", "A", "spokesman", "also", "said", "margins", "for", "the", "company", "'s", "service", "business", "narrowed", "somewhat", "because", "of", "heavy", "investments", "made", "in", "that", "sector", ".", "The", "lack", "of", "a", "strong", "product", "at", "the", "high", "end", "of", "Digital", "'s", "line", "was", "a", "significant", "drag", "on", "sales", ".", "Digital", "hopes", "to", "address", "that", "with", "the", "debut", "of", "its", "first", "mainframe-class", "computers", "next", "Tuesday", ".", "The", "new", "line", "is", "aimed", "directly", "at", "International", "Business", "Machines", "Corp", ".", "``", "Until", "the", "new", "mainframe", "products", "kick", "in", ",", "there", "wo", "n't", "be", "a", "lot", "of", "revenue", "contribution", "at", "the", "high", "end", ",", "and", "that", "'s", "hurt", "us", ",", "''", "said", "Mark", "Steinkrauss", ",", "Digital", "'s", "director", "of", "investor", "relations", ".", "He", "said", "unfavorable", "currency", "translations", "were", "also", "a", "factor", "in", "the", "quarter", ".", "DEC", "shares", "rose", "$", "1.375", "to", "$", "89.75", "apiece", "in", "consolidated", "New", "York", "Stock", "Exchange", "trading", "yesterday", ".", "But", "analysts", "said", "that", "against", "the", "backdrop", "of", "a", "nearly", "40-point", "rise", "in", "the", "Dow", "Jones", "Industrial", "Average", ",", "that", "should", "n't", "necessarily", "be", "taken", "as", "a", "sign", "of", "great", "strength", ".", "Some", "cut", "their", "earnings", "estimates", "for", "the", "stock", "this", "year", "and", "predicted", "more", "efforts", "to", "control", "costs", "ahead", ".", "``", "I", "think", "the", "next", "few", "quarters", "will", "be", "difficult", ",", "''", "said", "Steven", "Milunovich", "of", "First", "Boston", ".", "``", "Margins", "will", "remain", "under", "pressure", ",", "and", "when", "the", "new", "mainframe", "does", "ship", ",", "I", "'m", "not", "sure", "it", "will", "be", "a", "big", "winner", ".", "''", "Mr.", "Milunovich", "said", "he", "was", "revising", "his", "estimate", "for", "DEC", "'s", "current", "year", "from", "$", "8.20", "a", "share", "to", "``", "well", "below", "$", "8", ",", "''", "although", "he", "has", "n't", "settled", "on", "a", "final", "number", ".", "One", "troubling", "aspect", "of", "DEC", "'s", "results", ",", "analysts", "said", ",", "was", "its", "performance", "in", "Europe", ".", "DEC", "said", "its", "overseas", "business", ",", "which", "now", "accounts", "for", "more", "than", "half", "of", "sales", ",", "improved", "in", "the", "quarter", ".", "It", "even", "took", "the", "unusually", "frank", "step", "of", "telling", "analysts", "in", "a", "morning", "conference", "call", "that", "orders", "in", "Europe", "were", "up", "in", "``", "double", "digits", "''", "in", "foreign-currency", "terms", ".", "That", "gain", "probably", "translated", "into", "about", "5", "%", "to", "7", "%", "in", "dollar", "terms", ",", "well", "below", "recent", "quarters", "'", "gains", "of", "above", "20", "%", ",", "reckons", "Jay", "Stevens", "of", "Dean", "Witter", "Reynolds", ".", "``", "That", "was", "a", "disappointment", "''", "and", "a", "sign", "of", "overall", "computer-market", "softness", "in", "Europe", ",", "Mr.", "Stevens", "said", ".", "Marc", "Schulman", ",", "with", "UBS", "Securities", "in", "New", "York", ",", "dropped", "his", "estimate", "of", "DEC", "'s", "full-year", "net", "to", "$", "6.80", "a", "share", "from", "$", "8", ".", "Although", "overall", "revenues", "were", "stronger", ",", "Mr.", "Schulman", "said", ",", "DEC", "``", "drew", "down", "its", "European", "backlog", "''", "and", "had", "flat", "world-wide", "orders", "overall", ".", "``", "The", "bottom", "line", "is", "that", "it", "'s", "more", "hand", "to", "mouth", "than", "it", "has", "been", "before", ",", "''", "he", "said", ".", "Mr.", "Schulman", "said", "he", "believes", "that", "the", "roll-out", "of", "DEC", "'s", "new", "mainframe", "will", "``", "occur", "somewhat", "more", "leisurely", "''", "than", "many", "of", "his", "investment", "colleagues", "expect", ".", "He", "said", "current", "expectations", "are", "for", "an", "entry", "level", "machine", "to", "be", "shipped", "in", "December", ",", "with", "all", "of", "the", "more", "sophisticated", "versions", "out", "by", "June", ".", "For", "reasons", "he", "would", "n't", "elaborate", "on", ",", "he", "said", "he", "'s", "sure", "that", "schedule", "wo", "n't", "be", "met", ",", "meaning", "less", "profit", "impact", "from", "the", "product", "for", "DEC", "in", "the", "next", "few", "quarters", ".", "John", "R.", "Wilke", "contributed", "to", "this", "article", "." ]
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[ "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "dep", "compound", "cc", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "aux", "aux", "acl:relcl", "compound", "obj", "punct", "aux", "root", "case", "obl:npmod", "nummod", "amod", "obj", "mark", "xcomp", "nmod:poss", "obj", "case", "amod", "obl", "case", "det", "amod", "nmod", "punct", "nsubj", "aux", "cop", "case", "compound", "compound", "compound", "acl:relcl", "case", "obl", "punct", "nsubj", "amod", "case", "compound", "obl", "root", "mark", "det", "compound", "cc", "conj", "nsubj", "aux", "ccomp", "compound", "compound", "compound", "compound", "obj", "punct", "det", "appos", "case", "compound", "cc", "conj", "nmod", "punct", "cc", "advmod", "conj", "mark", "xcomp", "case", "amod", "obl", "case", "det", "nmod", "punct", "amod", "nsubj", "root", "det", "amod", "nsubj", "cop", "compound", "nmod:poss", "case", "ccomp", "cc", "compound", "conj", "punct", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "case", "det", "amod", "compound", "compound", "obl", "punct", "cc:preconj", 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"obl", "acl", "det", "amod", "obj", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "root", "advmod", "amod", "obj", "mark", "det", "compound", "nsubj", "dep", "det", "obj", "mark", "nmod:poss", "nsubj", "mark", "acl", "obj", "det", "nsubj", "dep", "cc", "obj", "nsubj", "aux", "conj", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "advmod", "root", "det", "compound", "cc", "conj", "obj", "advmod", "fixed", "nummod", "obl:npmod", "advmod", "case", "obl", "acl", "punct", "case", "amod", "obl", "punct", "det", "compound", "obj", "acl", "case", "det", "nmod:poss", "case", "obl", "punct", "det", "nsubj", "advmod", "advmod", "root", "det", "amod", "obj", "punct", "det", "dep", "obj", "det", "nsubj", "acl:relcl", "cop", "advmod", "ccomp", "case", "nmod:poss", "amod", "obl", "punct", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "acl", "mark", "xcomp", "det", "compound", "cc", "conj", "obj", "punct", "root", "det", "obj", "dep", "case", "advcl", "case", "obl", "punct", "compound", "compound", "nsubj", "punct", "advmod", "punct", "case", "det", 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"compound", "compound", "nmod", "cc", "det", "conj", "case", "nmod", "cc", "conj", "amod", "dep", "compound", "compound", "dep", "dep", "compound", "nummod", "punct" ]
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"Interviews", "with", "three", "major", "fund", "groups", "--", "Fidelity", "Investments", ",", "Vanguard", "Group", "Inc.", "and", "T.", "Rowe", "Price", "Associates", "Inc.", "--", "confirm", "the", "trend", ".", "Their", "junk", "funds", "combined", "have", "had", "net", "outflows", "totaling", "nearly", "$", "500", "million", ",", "or", "about", "13", "%", "of", "their", "junk", "fund", "assets", ",", "in", "the", "past", "two", "months", ".", "Some", "fund", "managers", "say", "negative", "publicity", "has", "exacerbated", "investors", "'", "concern", "about", "recent", "declines", "in", "junk-bond", "prices", ".", "``", "People", "have", "been", "seeing", "headline", "after", "headline", "after", "headline", "and", "saying", ":", "`", "I", "ca", "n't", "take", "it", "anymore", "--", "I", "'m", "getting", "out", ",", "'", "''", "says", "Kurt", "Brouwer", "of", "Brouwer", "&", "Janachowski", ",", "a", "San", "Francisco", "investment", "adviser", ".", "The", "withdrawals", "could", "spell", "trouble", "for", "the", "$", "200", "billion", "junk", "market", ".", "If", "the", "heavy", "outflows", "continue", ",", "fund", "managers", "will", "face", "increasing", "pressure", "to", "sell", "off", "some", "of", "their", "junk", "to", "pay", "departing", "investors", "in", "the", "weeks", "ahead", ".", "Such", "selling", "could", "erode", "prices", "of", "high-yield", "junk", "bonds", ",", "already", "weakened", "by", "a", "rash", "of", "corporate", "credit", "problems", ".", "Mutual", "fund", "groups", "have", "n't", "lost", "control", "of", "much", "of", "the", "outgoing", "money", ",", "says", "Louis", "Harvey", ",", "Dalbar", "'s", "president", ".", "Mutual", "fund", "officials", "say", "that", "investors", "have", "transferred", "most", "of", "it", "into", "their", "money", "market", "accounts", ",", "and", "to", "a", "lesser", "extent", ",", "government-bond", "funds", ".", "So", "the", "impact", "on", "the", "$", "950", "billion", "mutual", "fund", "industry", "as", "a", "whole", "probably", "will", "be", "slight", ".", "But", "tremors", "are", "likely", "in", "the", "junk-bond", "market", ",", "which", "has", "helped", "to", "finance", "the", "takeover", "boom", "of", "recent", "years", ".", "Mutual", "funds", "are", "the", "among", "the", "largest", "holders", "of", "junk", ",", "accounting", "for", "more", "than", "a", "quarter", "of", "the", "entire", "high-yield", ",", "high-risk", "market", ".", "The", "88", "mutual", "funds", "investing", "solely", "in", "junk", "bonds", "hold", "assets", "of", "about", "$", "32", "billion", ".", "Other", "funds", "hold", "a", "smattering", "of", "junk", "bonds", ",", "too", ".", "The", "$", "1.5", "billion", "Fidelity", "High", "Income", "Fund", "has", "had", "a", "net", "outflow", "of", "about", "$", "150", "million", "in", "the", "past", "two", "months", ".", "About", "$", "60", "million", "streamed", "out", "last", "week", "alone", ",", "double", "the", "level", "of", "the", "week", "following", "last", "month", "'s", "Campeau", "Corp.", "credit", "squeeze", ".", "About", "98", "%", "of", "the", "outflow", "was", "transferred", "to", "other", "Fidelity", "funds", ",", "says", "Neal", "Litvack", ",", "a", "Fidelity", "vice", "president", ",", "marketing", ",", "with", "most", "going", "into", "money", "market", "funds", ".", "``", "You", "get", "a", "news", "item", ",", "it", "hits", ",", "you", "have", "strong", "redemptions", "that", "day", "and", "for", "two", "days", "following", "--", "then", "go", "back", "to", "normal", ",", "''", "says", "Mr.", "Litvack", ".", "The", "fund", ",", "with", "a", "cash", "cushion", "of", "more", "than", "10", "%", ",", "has", "``", "met", "all", "the", "redemptions", "without", "having", "to", "sell", "one", "thing", ",", "''", "Mr.", "Litvack", "says", ".", "He", "adds", ":", "``", "Our", "fund", "has", "had", "-LCB-", "positive", "-RCB-", "net", "sales", "every", "month", "for", "the", "last", "three", "years", "--", "until", "this", "month", ".", "''", "Vanguard", "'s", "$", "1", "billion", "High", "Yield", "Bond", "Portfolio", "has", "seen", "$", "161", "million", "flow", "out", "since", "early", "September", ";", "$", "14", "million", "of", "that", "seeped", "out", "Friday", "Oct.", "13", "alone", ".", "Still", ",", "two-thirds", "of", "the", "outflow", "has", "been", "steered", "into", "other", "Vanguard", "portfolios", ",", "says", "Brian", "Mattes", ",", "a", "vice", "president", ".", "The", "fund", "now", "holds", "a", "cash", "position", "of", "about", "15", "%", ".", "At", "the", "$", "932", "million", "T.", "Rowe", "Price", "High", "Yield", "Fund", ",", "investors", "yanked", "out", "about", "$", "182", "million", "in", "the", "past", "two", "months", ".", "Those", "withdrawals", ",", "most", "of", "which", "were", "transferred", "to", "other", "T.", "Rowe", "Price", "funds", ",", "followed", "little", "change", "in", "the", "fund", "'s", "sales", "picture", "this", "year", "through", "August", ".", "``", "The", "last", "two", "months", "have", "been", "the", "whole", "ball", "game", ",", "''", "says", "Steven", "Norwitz", ",", "a", "vice", "president", ".", "Junk-fund", "holders", "have", "barely", "broken", "even", "this", "year", ",", "as", "fat", "interest", "payments", "barely", "managed", "to", "offset", "declining", "prices", ".", "Through", "Oct.", "19", ",", "high-yield", "funds", "had", "an", "average", "0.85", "%", "total", "return", "(", "the", "price", "change", "plus", "dividends", "on", "fund", "shares", ")", ",", "according", "to", "Lipper", "Analytical", "Services", "Inc", ".", "That", "'s", "even", "less", "than", "the", "4.35", "%", "total", "return", "of", "the", "Merrill", "Lynch", "High-Yield", "Index", ".", "Fidelity", "'s", "junk", "fund", "has", "fallen", "2.08", "%", "this", "year", "through", "Oct.", "19", ",", "Lipper", "says", ";", "the", "Vanguard", "fund", "rose", "1.84", "%", ";", "and", "the", "T.", "Rowe", "Price", "fund", "edged", "up", "0.66", "%", ".", "People", "who", "remain", "in", "junk", "funds", "now", "could", "get", "hit", "again", ",", "some", "analysts", "and", "fund", "specialists", "say", ".", "Many", "funds", "in", "recent", "weeks", "and", "months", "have", "been", "selling", "their", "highest-quality", "junk", "issues", ",", "such", "as", "RJR", "Nabisco", ",", "to", "raise", "cash", "to", "meet", "expected", "redemptions", ".", "Funds", "might", "be", "forced", "to", "accept", "lower", "prices", "if", "they", "expand", "their", "selling", "to", "the", "securities", "of", "less-creditworthy", "borrowers", ".", "And", "then", ",", "asset", "values", "of", "the", "funds", "could", "plunge", "more", "than", "they", "have", "so", "far", ".", "Says", "Michael", "Hirsch", ",", "chief", "investment", "officer", "of", "Republic", "National", "Bank", "and", "manager", "of", "the", "FundTrust", "Group", "in", "New", "York", ":", "``", "It", "'s", "a", "time", "bomb", "just", "waiting", "to", "go", "off", "." ]
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