id
stringlengths 12
17
| question
stringlengths 19
430
| choices
sequence | answerKey
stringclasses 2
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stringlengths 30
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| para_id
stringlengths 12
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dict | question_anno
dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QRQA-10184-3 | Sue watches waves of different colored light travel past her with a spectrometer. The shorter wavelengths cause _____ waves to travel past her than the longer wavelengths. | {
"text": [
"more",
"fewer"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | This means that as wavelengths get shorter, more waves move past a particular spot in the same amount of time. | QRSent-10184 | {
"effect_prop": "waves move past a particular spot in the same amount of time",
"cause_dir_str": "shorter",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "wavelengths"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "fewer",
"less_cause_prop": "wavelengths",
"more_effect_prop": "waves",
"less_effect_prop": "waves",
"less_cause_dir": "waves"
} |
QRQA-10380-3-flip | Brad wants to go to the gym less regularly, so that his muscles will get smaller. Another aspect of having smaller muscles means that Brad will likely be | {
"text": [
"stronger",
"weaker"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Exercising muscles increases their size, and bigger muscles have greater strength. | QRSent-10380 | {
"effect_prop": "muscle strength",
"cause_dir_str": "bigger",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "muscle size"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "stronger",
"less_effect_dir": "weaker",
"less_cause_prop": "muscles",
"more_effect_prop": "Brad",
"less_effect_prop": "Brad",
"less_cause_dir": "Brad"
} |
QRQA-10290-4-flip | John was looking at a refractive index and observing the light. The less speed the light had, it would bend | {
"text": [
"More",
"Less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In refraction of light, the greater the change in speed, the more light bends. | QRSent-10290 | {
"effect_prop": "bends",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "speed"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "speed",
"more_effect_prop": "bend",
"less_effect_prop": "bend",
"less_cause_dir": "bend"
} |
QRQA-10012-1-flip | Billionaire Joey McMoneystuffs added 3 new jets to his already large fleet of personal aircraft. One day, he decided not to have them race each other, burning no fuel and adding no greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. The Earth's heat index will | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | If there are more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, more ultraviolet radiation will be trapped and the Earth will heat up. | QRSent-10012 | {
"effect_prop": "the Earth will heat up",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "greenhouse gases in the atmosphere"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "greenhouse",
"more_effect_prop": "heat index",
"less_effect_prop": "heat index",
"less_cause_dir": "heat index"
} |
QRQA-10066-4-flip | If Jim increases the amount of energy inside of a gas, the particles in the gas will move | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | If the gas is cooled, the particles will move more slowly, because they will have less energy. | QRSent-10066 | {
"effect_prop": "particles will move",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "more slowly",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "energy"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "particles in the gas will move",
"less_effect_prop": "particles in the gas will move",
"less_cause_dir": "particles in the gas will move"
} |
QRQA-10043-3 | John was working on a chemistry project. He found that the closer to ph 14 the substance was, the substance's basicness became | {
"text": [
"Less",
"Greater"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The closer to pH 14, the more strongly basic the solution. | QRSent-10043 | {
"effect_prop": "basic",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "more strongly",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "ph 14"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "basicness",
"less_effect_prop": "basicness",
"less_cause_dir": "basicness"
} |
QRQA-10033-4 | Going higher into the thermosphere will result in finding _____ temperatures. | {
"text": [
"higher",
"lower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | In the thermosphere, temperatures increase as altitude increases. | QRSent-10033 | {
"effect_prop": "increase of temperatures",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increase",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "altitude in the thermosphere"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "temperatures",
"less_effect_prop": "temperatures",
"less_cause_dir": "temperatures"
} |
QRQA-10383-1 | If a stream begins moving slower, what will happen to the size of the particles it carries? | {
"text": [
"get bigger",
"get smaller"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In erosion, a slower moving stream will only carry smaller particles. | QRSent-10383 | {
"effect_prop": "smaller particles",
"cause_dir_str": "slower",
"effect_dir_str": "smaller",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "moving stream"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "bigger",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "stream",
"more_effect_prop": "particles",
"less_effect_prop": "particles",
"less_cause_dir": "particles"
} |
QRQA-10036-5-flip | A small wire can carry current a long ways because it has _____ resistance | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Thicker wires offer less resistance. | QRSent-10036 | {
"effect_prop": "resistance",
"cause_dir_str": "thicker",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "diameter"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "wire",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_cause_dir": "resistance"
} |
QRQA-10340-5 | Chris is studying two countries. He finds that China has twice as many factories putting out fossil fuels into the air than the United States. Based on this information, the factories in _____ are causing more air pollution. | {
"text": [
"United States",
"China"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Because richer nations use more fossil fuels, they also cause more air pollution and global warming than poorer nations do. | QRSent-10340 | {
"effect_prop": "air pollution",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "fossil fuels"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "air pollution",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10211-3 | Shane wants to get the most resistance out of his wire for his computer, so he gets a wire that is | {
"text": [
"thicker",
"thinner"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The thinner the wire, the more resistance it offers. | QRSent-10211 | {
"effect_prop": "resistance",
"cause_dir_str": "thinner",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "thick"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "most",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "wire",
"more_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10328-3 | If Mona is comparing two different reactants to use for starting her fire and she realizes that one reactant has a higher temperature then the other, what does that tell her about the amount of energy it contains? | {
"text": [
"higher",
"lower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | At higher temperatures, particles of reactants have more energy, so they move faster. They are more likely to bump into one another and to collide with greater force. | QRSent-10328 | {
"effect_prop": "reactants have more energy",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "higher temperatures"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "amount of energy",
"less_effect_prop": "amount of energy",
"less_cause_dir": "amount of energy"
} |
QRQA-10201-2-flip | If a car and a truck drive closer to each other, what happens to the gravitational attraction between the two vehicles? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | As the distance between the objects increases, the force of gravitational attraction decreases. | QRSent-10201 | {
"effect_prop": "gravitational attraction",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "distance between the objects"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "car and a truck",
"more_effect_prop": "gravitational attraction",
"less_effect_prop": "gravitational attraction",
"less_cause_dir": "gravitational attraction"
} |
QRQA-10088-5 | Greta has 15 resistors in series on her circuit, while Evan has 2 similar resistors in series on his circuit. Whose circuit has the greatest resistance? | {
"text": [
"Greta",
"Evan"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Increasing the number of resistors in a series circuit increases the overall resistance of the circuit. | QRSent-10088 | {
"effect_prop": "overall resistance of the circuit",
"cause_dir_str": "increasing",
"effect_dir_str": "increasing",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "number of resistors"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greatest",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "resistors",
"more_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10192-4-flip | As you monitor sound waves closer to a speaker they become | {
"text": [
"louder",
"quieter"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The farther the sound waves travel away from the source, the more spread out their energy becomes. | QRSent-10192 | {
"effect_prop": "energetic",
"cause_dir_str": "farther",
"effect_dir_str": "more spread out",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "distance"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "louder",
"less_effect_dir": "quieter",
"less_cause_prop": "sound waves",
"more_effect_prop": "sound waves",
"less_effect_prop": "sound waves",
"less_cause_dir": "sound waves"
} |
QRQA-10309-3 | Mona is comparing the size of two atoms in her science lab. If she notices that one atom is larger then the other, what does that tell her about the number of electrons it has? | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Bigger atoms have more electrons. | QRSent-10309 | {
"effect_prop": "electrons",
"cause_dir_str": "bigger",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "Bigger atoms"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "number of electrons",
"less_effect_prop": "number of electrons",
"less_cause_dir": "number of electrons"
} |
QRQA-10077-2 | Eric has dark skin and Rita has light skin. Who produces more melanin? | {
"text": [
"Eric",
"Rita"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | However, the melanocytes of people with darker skin produce more melanin. | QRSent-10077 | {
"effect_prop": "melanin produce",
"cause_dir_str": "darker",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "darker skin"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "skin",
"more_effect_prop": "melanin",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10144-5 | RJ diamond is more resistant to weathering while Tony has some sandstone which is less resistant to weathering. Whose rock will likely last longer? | {
"text": [
"RJ's",
"Tony's"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Different types of rocks weather at different rates. More resistant types of rocks will remain longer. | QRSent-10144 | {
"effect_prop": "remain longer",
"cause_dir_str": "more resistant",
"effect_dir_str": "longer",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "resistant types of rocks"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "last longer",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "rock",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10182-5-flip | Milo is measuring acidity levels in his drink fridge. If his sprite is less acidic then his coke, which item has the greater concentration of ions? | {
"text": [
"coke",
"sprite"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | A stronger acid produces a greater concentration of ions than a weaker acid. | QRSent-10182 | {
"effect_prop": "concentration of ions",
"cause_dir_str": "stronger",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "stronger acid"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "acidic",
"more_effect_prop": "concentration",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10015-1 | As farming techniques are discovered, there are _____ people that starve and go hungry. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Better farming techniques and machines increased the food supply and the distribution of food. | QRSent-10015 | {
"effect_prop": "food",
"cause_dir_str": "better",
"effect_dir_str": "increased",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "farming techniques"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "less people that starve and go hungry",
"less_effect_prop": "more people that starve and go hungry",
"less_cause_dir": "more people that starve and go hungry"
} |
QRQA-10245-1 | Dan wanted to flick Carlos hard with a rubber band. To flick him the hardest, Dan needs to move his hands | {
"text": [
"closer",
"further away"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The farther apart you move your hands, the stronger the force of the rubber band pulling your hands together. | QRSent-10245 | {
"effect_prop": "force of rubber band",
"cause_dir_str": "farther apart",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "distance between hands"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "the hardest",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "move his hands",
"more_effect_prop": "flick",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10245-2-flip | Alan has a rubber band on his hands. He pushes his hands together and the rubber bands force | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The farther apart you move your hands, the stronger the force of the rubber band pulling your hands together. | QRSent-10245 | {
"effect_prop": "force of rubber band pulling your hands together",
"cause_dir_str": "farther apart",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "further apart your hands"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "hands",
"more_effect_prop": "rubber bands force",
"less_effect_prop": "rubber bands force",
"less_cause_dir": "rubber bands force"
} |
QRQA-10274-2 | Chris needs a resistor for a science experiment he is conducting in class. He needs it to have the greatest resistance possible. If the second resistor is twice as long as the first one, then the _____ will have the greater resistance. | {
"text": [
"first one",
"second one"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The longer the resistor, the more resistance it has. | QRSent-10274 | {
"effect_prop": "resistance",
"cause_dir_str": "longer",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "longer the resistor"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greatest",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10213-2-flip | When someone gets smaller what happens to their body functions? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In Life Sciences it is important to note that whenever a structure has an increased surface area, there is an increase in the functioning of that structure. | QRSent-10213 | {
"effect_prop": "functioning",
"cause_dir_str": "increased",
"effect_dir_str": "increase",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "surface area"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "body functions",
"less_effect_prop": "body functions",
"less_cause_dir": "body functions"
} |
QRQA-10289-4 | If someone has a larger than average physical heart then it will beat _____ in order to pump blood. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | When the heart expels more blood with each stroke, the heart has to beat less often in order to maintain the same volume of blood flow. | QRSent-10289 | {
"effect_prop": "beating",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "less often",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "size"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "beat",
"less_effect_prop": "beat",
"less_cause_dir": "beat"
} |
QRQA-10326-5 | Matt started a job where he will be outside a lot longer. In order to protect his skin during this longer period of sun exposure, he should use a | {
"text": [
"higher SPF sunscreen",
"lower SPF sunscreen."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | A sunscreen with a higher SPF value protects the skin longer. | QRSent-10326 | {
"effect_prop": "protects the skin longer",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "longer",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "SPF value"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "protect during longer period",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "SPF",
"more_effect_prop": "skin",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10119-1-flip | By filling a kettle with water and placing it in a freezer turned to low, will the motion of the water molecules in the kettle | {
"text": [
"increase in speed",
"decrease in speed."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The higher the temperature, the more energy the particles have and the faster they will move and diffuse. | QRSent-10119 | {
"effect_prop": "speed of particles",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "energy of particles"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "freezer",
"more_effect_prop": "speed",
"less_effect_prop": "speed",
"less_cause_dir": "speed"
} |
QRQA-10403-4 | When there are more people driving cars the rate of global warming | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | For example, more people on the Earth means more people contributing to global warming and pollution. | QRSent-10403 | {
"effect_prop": "global warming",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "contributing to",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "people"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "rate of global warming",
"less_effect_prop": "rate of global warming",
"less_cause_dir": "rate of global warming"
} |
QRQA-10193-5 | Milo is surfing at the beach on his day off. He notices that the waves are getting bigger and bigger. What is happening to the energy those waves are producing? | {
"text": [
"decrease",
"increase"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Bigger waves have more energy. | QRSent-10193 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "bigger",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "Bigger waves"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10182-2-flip | John was looking at the substances and noticed something. The weaker that the acid was, the concentration of Ions became | {
"text": [
"Larger",
"Smaller"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | A stronger acid produces a greater concentration of ions than a weaker acid. | QRSent-10182 | {
"effect_prop": "concentration",
"cause_dir_str": "stronger",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "acid"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "larger",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "acid",
"more_effect_prop": "concentration of Ions",
"less_effect_prop": "concentration of Ions",
"less_cause_dir": "concentration of Ions"
} |
QRQA-10012-1 | Billionaire Joey McMoneystuffs added 3 new jets to his already large fleet of personal aircraft. One day, he decided to have them race each other, burning excess fuel and adding greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. When the resulting ultraviolet radiation becomes trapped, the Earth's heat index will | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | If there are more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, more ultraviolet radiation will be trapped and the Earth will heat up. | QRSent-10012 | {
"effect_prop": "the Earth will heat up",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "greenhouse gases in the atmosphere"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "heat index",
"less_effect_prop": "heat index",
"less_cause_dir": "heat index"
} |
QRQA-10285-5-flip | If the people in Mary's country start to create less greenhouse gases, what will happen to the possibility that changes may occur? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As greenhouse gases increase, changes will be more extreme. | QRSent-10285 | {
"effect_prop": "changes",
"cause_dir_str": "increase",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "greenhouse gases"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "greenhouse gases",
"more_effect_prop": "changes",
"less_effect_prop": "changes",
"less_cause_dir": "changes"
} |
QRQA-10221-1 | Farmer Bill got a new machine to sift his wheat. This machine allows him to grow _____ food. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | More advanced farming practices allowed a single farmer to grow food for many more people. | QRSent-10221 | {
"effect_prop": "Food",
"cause_dir_str": "more advanced",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "Advanced farming"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "MORE",
"less_effect_dir": "LESS",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "Food",
"less_effect_prop": "Food",
"less_cause_dir": "Food"
} |
QRQA-10076-5 | A low-frequency wave will have _____ energy than a high-frequency wave. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | A higher-frequency wave has more energy than a lower-frequency wave with the same amplitude. | QRSent-10076 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "frequency wave"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "frequency",
"more_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10134-5-flip | Mike wants his voice to travel faster, so he will speak in a room that is | {
"text": [
"colder",
"warmer"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | For a given medium such as air, sound has a slower speed at lower temperatures. | QRSent-10134 | {
"effect_prop": "temperatures",
"cause_dir_str": "slower",
"effect_dir_str": "lower",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "speed"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "warmer",
"less_effect_dir": "colder",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "room",
"less_effect_prop": "room",
"less_cause_dir": "room"
} |
QRQA-10211-5 | A thicker wire will give _____ resistance. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The thinner the wire, the more resistance it offers. | QRSent-10211 | {
"effect_prop": "resistance offered",
"cause_dir_str": "thinner",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "thickness of a wire"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_cause_dir": "resistance"
} |
QRQA-10187-2-flip | John was looking at the ocean water and made a great observation. The water farther from the shores had an amount of nutrients that was | {
"text": [
"Greater",
"Lesser"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Therefore, water nearer shore usually contains more dissolved nutrients than water farther from shore. | QRSent-10187 | {
"effect_prop": "nutrients",
"cause_dir_str": "nearer",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "shore"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "lesser",
"less_cause_prop": "water",
"more_effect_prop": "amount of nutrients",
"less_effect_prop": "amount of nutrients",
"less_cause_dir": "amount of nutrients"
} |
QRQA-10290-2-flip | When light slows down it is more likely to | {
"text": [
"stay straight",
"bend"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | In refraction of light, the greater the change in speed, the more light bends. | QRSent-10290 | {
"effect_prop": "light bending",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "change in speed"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "bend",
"less_effect_dir": "stay straight",
"less_cause_prop": "light",
"more_effect_prop": "light",
"less_effect_prop": "light",
"less_cause_dir": "light"
} |
QRQA-10266-2 | Dilbert had a well that he used since he was a child that dried up. This likely occurred because the water table | {
"text": [
"rose",
"dropped"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As the water is pumped out, the water table slowly falls, requiring wells to be dug deeper, which takes more money and energy. | QRSent-10266 | {
"effect_prop": "wells dug deeper",
"cause_dir_str": "falls",
"effect_dir_str": "deeper",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "water table"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "water table",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10261-1 | If two magnetic objects move apart, they will cause the magnetic force of attraction to | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As the distance between the objects increases the magnetic force of attraction decreases. | QRSent-10261 | {
"effect_prop": "magnetic force of attraction",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "distance between the objects"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "force",
"less_effect_prop": "force",
"less_cause_dir": "force"
} |
QRQA-10062-4-flip | If Jim is screwing in two bolts and the first one has threads that are close together while the second one has threads that are far apart, which one must he apply less force to? | {
"text": [
"first bolt",
"second bolt"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The trade-off when the threads are closer together, is that more turns of the screw or bolt are needed to do the job because the distance over which the input force must be applied is greater. | QRSent-10062 | {
"effect_prop": "force must be applied",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "threads are closer together"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "threads",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "force",
"less_cause_dir": "force"
} |
QRQA-10003-1-flip | A scientist sees that some galaxies are closer together than before, so they know that the universe's expansion is | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | As the Universe expands, galaxies move further and further apart. | QRSent-10003 | {
"effect_prop": "distance",
"cause_dir_str": "expands",
"effect_dir_str": "further and further",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "expansion"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "closer together",
"less_cause_prop": "expansion",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "galaxies",
"less_cause_dir": "galaxies"
} |
QRQA-10165-5 | Eric went out into the sun from his room. The sun has more UV rays than the light in his room. His chance of skin cancer likely goes | {
"text": [
"up",
"down"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | More UV rays increase skin cancer rates. | QRSent-10165 | {
"effect_prop": "skin cancer rates",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "increase",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "UV rays"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "goes up",
"less_effect_dir": "goes down",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "His chance of skin cancer",
"less_effect_prop": "His chance of skin cancer",
"less_cause_dir": "His chance of skin cancer"
} |
QRQA-10368-3 | Rocks that have a lot of water in them have a | {
"text": [
"high melting point",
"low melting point"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As the amount of water increases, the melting point of rock decreases. | QRSent-10368 | {
"effect_prop": "melting point",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "water"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "high",
"less_effect_dir": "low",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "melting point",
"less_effect_prop": "melting point",
"less_cause_dir": "melting point"
} |
QRQA-10079-5-flip | Mona loves to see how far she can slide things. If a basketball has more mass then a baseball and Mona decides to slide both items, which will have less momentum? | {
"text": [
"baseball",
"basketball"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The more mass a moving object has or the faster its moving, the greater its momentum. | QRSent-10079 | {
"effect_prop": "momentum",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "mass a moving object has"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "momentum",
"less_cause_dir": "momentum"
} |
QRQA-10251-3-flip | Don wants to make sure that his particles will move slower, so he will make sure the energy they have is | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The more energy the particles in matter have, the faster and more strongly they vibrate. | QRSent-10251 | {
"effect_prop": "speed",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "energy"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "move slower",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "energy",
"more_effect_prop": "particles",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10209-3-flip | If Mona owns a greenhouse and she decides to open r the top up to increase sunlight, what happens to her plant's ability to make food? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Less photosynthesis means that plants and phytoplankton produce less food. | QRSent-10209 | {
"effect_prop": "plants and phytoplankton produce less food",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "photosynthesis"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "ability to make food",
"less_effect_prop": "ability to make food",
"less_cause_dir": "ability to make food"
} |
QRQA-10046-1 | Compared to the Sun, which is an average sized star, would VY Canis Majoris, the largest known star, produce | {
"text": [
"more energy",
"less energy?"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Bigger stars produce more energy, so their surfaces are hotter. | QRSent-10046 | {
"effect_prop": "production of energy",
"cause_dir_str": "bigger",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "stars"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10121-4-flip | An increase in protein production indicates _____ ribosomes on the ER. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The folds present in the membrane increase the surface area allowing more ribosomes to be present on the ER, thereby allowing greater protein production. | QRSent-10121 | {
"effect_prop": "protein production",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "ribosomes on the ER"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "ribosomes",
"more_effect_prop": "protein production",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10225-4 | If water is close to a source of nutrients it will have | {
"text": [
"few nutrients",
"more nutrients"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Water near shore generally has more dissolved nutrients than water farther from shore. | QRSent-10225 | {
"effect_prop": "nutrients",
"cause_dir_str": "near",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "distance from shore"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "few",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "nutrients",
"less_effect_prop": "nutrients",
"less_cause_dir": "nutrients"
} |
QRQA-10389-5-flip | If Mona is an astronomer and she is looking through a telescope, what happens to the amount of light gathered by the telescope if she shortens the exposure? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The longer the exposure, the more light that the telescope can gather to make the image. | QRSent-10389 | {
"effect_prop": "light that the telescope can gather",
"cause_dir_str": "longer",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "exposure"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "the exposure",
"more_effect_prop": "the amount of light gathered",
"less_effect_prop": "the amount of light gathered",
"less_cause_dir": "the amount of light gathered"
} |
QRQA-10369-3 | Waves _____ when winds blow harder. | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The stronger the winds are blowing, the larger the waves are and the more energy they have. | QRSent-10369 | {
"effect_prop": "waves",
"cause_dir_str": "stronger",
"effect_dir_str": "larger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "wind strength"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "Waves",
"less_effect_prop": "Waves",
"less_cause_dir": "Waves"
} |
QRQA-10255-3-flip | If Mona is comparing an apple and an orange and she determines that the apple has more mass then the orange, which one has a weaker force of gravity? | {
"text": [
"apple",
"orange"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Objects with greater mass have a stronger force of gravity. | QRSent-10255 | {
"effect_prop": "force of gravity",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "mass"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "weaker",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "force of gravity",
"less_cause_dir": "force of gravity"
} |
QRQA-10075-2-flip | Sandra wants to go on vacation, and would like to go somewhere cold. Sandra will likely choose a place | {
"text": [
"near the equator",
"near the poles"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Areas near the equator are warmer than areas near the poles because they receive more direct sunlight. | QRSent-10075 | {
"effect_prop": "warm",
"cause_dir_str": "near",
"effect_dir_str": "warmer",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "near equator"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "cold",
"less_cause_prop": "a place",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "somewhere",
"less_cause_dir": "somewhere"
} |
QRQA-10062-3-flip | Harry was installing a TV mount. He drills into the wall with a screw that has 30 threads. If he used a screw of the same size with 20 threads, it would take _____ turns to put it in. | {
"text": [
"fewer",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The trade-off when the threads are closer together, is that more turns of the screw or bolt are needed to do the job because the distance over which the input force must be applied is greater. | QRSent-10062 | {
"effect_prop": "turns of the screw needed",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "threads closer together"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "screw",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10209-1 | Jean has two plants, one with leaves, and one that has had the leaves stripped from it. The plant with leaves will produce food in amounts that are | {
"text": [
"smaller",
"larger"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Less photosynthesis means that plants and phytoplankton produce less food. | QRSent-10209 | {
"effect_prop": "food production",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "photosynthesis"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "larger",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "leaves",
"more_effect_prop": "food amounts",
"less_effect_prop": "food amounts",
"less_cause_dir": "food amounts"
} |
QRQA-10232-4 | If Jupiter has a bigger orbit then Mercury, which planet will take longer to revolve around the Sun? | {
"text": [
"Jupiter",
"Mercury"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The planets further from the Sun will have bigger orbits, and therefore take longer to revolve around the Sun. | QRSent-10232 | {
"effect_prop": "longer to revolve around the Sun",
"cause_dir_str": "bigger",
"effect_dir_str": "longer",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "orbits"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "longer",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "planet",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10009-2-flip | A family that is very small, compared to one that is enormous, will have allele differences that are | {
"text": [
"smaller",
"greater"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The smaller a population is, the more allele frequencies may drift. | QRSent-10009 | {
"effect_prop": "allele frequencies differ",
"cause_dir_str": "smaller",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "population"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "family",
"more_effect_prop": "allele difference",
"less_effect_prop": "allele difference",
"less_cause_dir": "allele difference"
} |
QRQA-10098-5 | John was watching the effects of weather on the groundwater in his area. He observed that as the amount of rain increased, the level of the water table was | {
"text": [
"Higher",
"Lower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The water table is higher when there is a lot of rain and lower when the weather is dry. | QRSent-10098 | {
"effect_prop": "rain",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "lot of",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "water table"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increased",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "water table",
"more_effect_prop": "rain",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10111-4 | If Milo is adjusting the pH of his pool and increases it, what happens to how basic the solution in the pool is? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | For bases we can state the folllowing: The higher the pH of a substance, the more basic it is. | QRSent-10111 | {
"effect_prop": "more basic it is",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "pH"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "basic",
"less_effect_prop": "basic",
"less_cause_dir": "basic"
} |
QRQA-10084-1 | By pouring a pound of salt into a bucket of fresh water, could you cause the density of the water to | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease?"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Water density increases as salinity and pressure increase, or as temperature decreases. | QRSent-10084 | {
"effect_prop": "water density",
"cause_dir_str": "increase",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "water salinity"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "density of the water",
"less_effect_prop": "density of the water",
"less_cause_dir": "density of the water"
} |
QRQA-10215-4 | Sean is trying to see how fast the water molecules are moving in a container of water. He observes that the molecules are moving very slowly, so the temperature must be | {
"text": [
"cool",
"warm"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | When a volume of water is cooled, the molecules move less vigorously, so same number of molecules takes up less space and the water is denser. | QRSent-10215 | {
"effect_prop": "vigorous movement",
"cause_dir_str": "cooled",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "cool water"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "moving very slowly",
"less_cause_prop": "temperature",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "molecules",
"less_cause_dir": "molecules"
} |
QRQA-10079-2 | A heavy boulder begins rolling down a hill and a beach ball rolls down alongside it. Which object will have more momentum as it rolls? | {
"text": [
"boulder",
"beach ball"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The more mass a moving object has or the faster its moving, the greater its momentum. | QRSent-10079 | {
"effect_prop": "momentum",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "mass a moving object has"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "object",
"more_effect_prop": "momentum",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10204-3 | The gravitational force between two things that are close to each other are | {
"text": [
"weaker",
"stronger"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The closer the field lines are drawn together, the stronger the field being described. | QRSent-10204 | {
"effect_prop": "strength",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "distance"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "stronger",
"less_effect_dir": "weaker",
"less_cause_prop": "two things",
"more_effect_prop": "gravitational force",
"less_effect_prop": "gravitational force",
"less_cause_dir": "gravitational force"
} |
QRQA-10338-2-flip | Will induces diffusion in a gas and a liquid. The liquid likely diffuses much | {
"text": [
"faster",
"slower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | This is also called diffusion, and the process is much faster in gases than in liquids, because the particles in gases are further apart. | QRSent-10338 | {
"effect_prop": "faster diffusion in gas",
"cause_dir_str": "further apart",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "further apart particles"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "diffuses much faster",
"less_effect_dir": "diffuses much slower",
"less_cause_prop": "liquid",
"more_effect_prop": "liquid",
"less_effect_prop": "liquid",
"less_cause_dir": "liquid"
} |
QRQA-10093-2-flip | If Jim changes his radio transmitter to a lower frequency, the energy produced is | {
"text": [
"greater",
"smaller"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Higher frequency waves have greater energy. | QRSent-10093 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "frequency"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "frequency",
"more_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10396-1 | If high levels of carbon dioxide are absorbed by the oceans, would shellfish that can be easily killed by acidic water be | {
"text": [
"more likely to die",
"less likely to die?"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | With higher levels of dissolved carbon dioxide in ocean water, the water becomes more acidic. | QRSent-10396 | {
"effect_prop": "ocean acidity",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "amount of dissolved carbon dioxide in ocean water"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "shellfish likely to die",
"less_effect_prop": "shellfish likely to die",
"less_cause_dir": "shellfish likely to die"
} |
QRQA-10240-4-flip | Dan is watching the ship approach the dock. While the ship is near him, it is massive. However, as the ship comes closer, it begins to look | {
"text": [
"bigger",
"smaller"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | If you are standing on the shore and a ship is going out to sea, the ship gets smaller as it moves further away from you. | QRSent-10240 | {
"effect_prop": "distance",
"cause_dir_str": "smaller",
"effect_dir_str": "further away",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "big"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "floats away",
"less_effect_dir": "near him",
"less_cause_prop": "ship",
"more_effect_prop": "ship",
"less_effect_prop": "ship",
"less_cause_dir": "ship"
} |
QRQA-10337-2-flip | Rich breathed out. When he breathes _____ his chest seems larger. | {
"text": [
"in",
"out"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Inhaling, or breathing in, increases the size of the chest, which decreases air pressure inside the lungs. | QRSent-10337 | {
"effect_prop": "size of chest",
"cause_dir_str": "",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "breathing in"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "out",
"less_cause_prop": "breathe",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "chest",
"less_cause_dir": "chest"
} |
QRQA-10341-5 | Jeff should add _____ to his engine to reduce the friction in its processes. | {
"text": [
"oil",
"gas"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | To reduce friction, oil is added to the engine. | QRSent-10341 | {
"effect_prop": "friction in the engine",
"cause_dir_str": "added",
"effect_dir_str": "reduce",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "oil in the engine"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "reduce",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "engine friction",
"less_cause_dir": "engine friction"
} |
QRQA-10068-3 | Will was farming in a poor country when he noticed he his energy consumption was high. Despite this, his consumption of energy is likely much _____ than that of a rich country. | {
"text": [
"lesser",
"greater"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | People in the richer nations of the world use far more energy, especially energy from fossil fuels, than people in the poorer nations do. | QRSent-10068 | {
"effect_prop": "use energy",
"cause_dir_str": "richer",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "richer nations"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "lesser",
"less_cause_prop": "country",
"more_effect_prop": "consumption of energy",
"less_effect_prop": "consumption of energy",
"less_cause_dir": "consumption of energy"
} |
QRQA-10021-3 | Milo's risk of developing cardiovascular disease are greater when he is | {
"text": [
"older",
"younger"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Older age, male gender, and a family history of cardiovascular disease all increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and cant be controlled. | QRSent-10021 | {
"effect_prop": "risk of developing cardiovascular diseases",
"cause_dir_str": "older",
"effect_dir_str": "increase",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "age"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "age",
"more_effect_prop": "risk",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10382-2-flip | Mona is sitting at the beach watching the waves. If the wind starts blowing slower, what will happen to the size of the waves? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The faster, longer, and farther the wind blows, the bigger the waves are. | QRSent-10382 | {
"effect_prop": "bigger the waves are",
"cause_dir_str": "faster, longer, and farther",
"effect_dir_str": "bigger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "farther the wind blows"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "wind",
"more_effect_prop": "waves",
"less_effect_prop": "waves",
"less_cause_dir": "waves"
} |
QRQA-10124-2 | If there are two containers of particles, the one that has the most energy will move | {
"text": [
"slower.",
"faster"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The particles in matter are always moving. The more energy they have, the faster they move. | QRSent-10124 | {
"effect_prop": "speed of movement",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "energy"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "faster",
"less_effect_dir": "slower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "movement",
"less_effect_prop": "movement",
"less_cause_dir": "movement"
} |
QRQA-10034-2 | Eric underwent surgery to increase the size of his larynx. His voice is now | {
"text": [
"higher",
"deeper"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The voice becomes deeper as the larynx in the throat grows larger. | QRSent-10034 | {
"effect_prop": "larger larynx",
"cause_dir_str": "deeper",
"effect_dir_str": "larger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "deeper voice"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "His voice",
"more_effect_prop": "the size of his larynx",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10262-5-flip | If you found something with very few hydrogen ions it would be | {
"text": [
"basic",
"acidic"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | With a higher concentration of hydrogen ions, a solution is more acidic but has a lower pH. | QRSent-10262 | {
"effect_prop": "acidic",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "hydrogen ions"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "acidic",
"less_effect_dir": "basic",
"less_cause_prop": "hydrogen ions",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10066-2-flip | As gas in the plant is cooling down, Gabe notices that the particles are moving more | {
"text": [
"slowly",
"faster."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | If the gas is cooled, the particles will move more slowly, because they will have less energy. | QRSent-10066 | {
"effect_prop": "movement",
"cause_dir_str": "cooled",
"effect_dir_str": "more slowly",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "temperature"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "faster",
"less_effect_dir": "slowly",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "particles moving",
"less_effect_prop": "particles moving",
"less_cause_dir": "particles moving"
} |
QRQA-10083-5 | Robby noticed a weak electrostatic force between two charged objects. He wanted to increase the strength of this force. So how should he position them? | {
"text": [
"Closer together",
"Farther apart"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The closer the charged objects are, the stronger the electrostatic force. | QRSent-10083 | {
"effect_prop": "electrostatic force",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "closer"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "objects",
"more_effect_prop": "force",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10286-2 | When we have a lot of blocks we can make | {
"text": [
"many arrangements",
"few arrangements"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | A: The more carbon atoms there are, the greater the number of possible arrangements of carbon atoms. | QRSent-10286 | {
"effect_prop": "possible arrangements",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "carbon atoms"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "many",
"less_effect_dir": "few",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "arrangements",
"less_effect_prop": "arrangements",
"less_cause_dir": "arrangements"
} |
QRQA-10370-4-flip | Kelly drops a 5kg weight and a 10kg weight in two similarly sized buckets. If this creates a wave, the wave with less amplitude was caused by the | {
"text": [
"5kg",
"10kg"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | A wave caused by a disturbance with more energy has greater amplitude. | QRSent-10370 | {
"effect_prop": "more amplitude wave",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "more energy wave"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "weight",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "wave with amplitude",
"less_cause_dir": "wave with amplitude"
} |
QRQA-10184-3-flip | Sue watches waves of different colored light travel past her with a spectrometer. The longer wavelengths cause _____ waves to travel past her than the longer wavelengths. | {
"text": [
"more",
"fewer"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | This means that as wavelengths get shorter, more waves move past a particular spot in the same amount of time. | QRSent-10184 | {
"effect_prop": "waves move past a particular spot in the same amount of time",
"cause_dir_str": "shorter",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "wavelengths"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "fewer",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "waves",
"less_effect_prop": "waves",
"less_cause_dir": "waves"
} |
QRQA-10135-1-flip | A puppy, compared to a elephant, is a smaller size, and therefore the weight of the puppy, compared to the elephant, is | {
"text": [
"greater",
"lesser"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The larger the animal, the heavier the exoskeleton, making movement more difficult. | QRSent-10135 | {
"effect_prop": "weight",
"cause_dir_str": "larger",
"effect_dir_str": "heavier",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "animal"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "lesser",
"less_cause_prop": "puppy",
"more_effect_prop": "puppy",
"less_effect_prop": "puppy",
"less_cause_dir": "puppy"
} |
QRQA-10124-5 | When a child has a lot of energy they will move around | {
"text": [
"slower",
"faster"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The particles in matter are always moving. The more energy they have, the faster they move. | QRSent-10124 | {
"effect_prop": "speed",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "energy"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "faster",
"less_effect_dir": "slower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "move around",
"less_effect_prop": "move around",
"less_cause_dir": "move around"
} |
QRQA-10089-1 | Compared to a large flat sheet of glass, would the curved lenses of a pair of binoculars refract | {
"text": [
"less light?",
"more light"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The more curved the surface of a lens is, the more it refracts light. | QRSent-10089 | {
"effect_prop": "amount of light the lens refracts",
"cause_dir_str": "more curved",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "the curvature of a lense"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more light",
"less_effect_dir": "less light",
"less_cause_prop": "sheet of glass",
"more_effect_prop": "light",
"less_effect_prop": "light",
"less_cause_dir": "light"
} |
QRQA-10294-1 | If Jim moves his telescope to a location with less air above it, what will happen to the amount of interference from the atmosphere? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Many observatories are built on high mountains. There is less air above the telescope, so there is less interference from the atmosphere. | QRSent-10294 | {
"effect_prop": "interference from the atmosphere",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "air above the telescope"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "air",
"more_effect_prop": "interference from the atmosphere",
"less_effect_prop": "interference from the atmosphere",
"less_cause_dir": "interference from the atmosphere"
} |
QRQA-10280-1-flip | In the past, solar power was _____ than it is today. | {
"text": [
"more expensive",
"less expensive"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Solar power is expensive, but as demand increases technology improves and costs decrease. | QRSent-10280 | {
"effect_prop": "price",
"cause_dir_str": "",
"effect_dir_str": "",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "time since tech was introduced"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "was",
"more_effect_prop": "expensive",
"less_effect_prop": "expensive",
"less_cause_dir": "expensive"
} |
QRQA-10153-1-flip | On a winter day, a person notes during a science project that the reactants have less energy, so they are now moving | {
"text": [
"faster",
"slower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | At higher temperatures, particles of reactants have more energy, so they move faster. | QRSent-10153 | {
"effect_prop": "faster",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "energy"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "faster",
"less_effect_dir": "slower",
"less_cause_prop": "energy",
"more_effect_prop": "moving",
"less_effect_prop": "moving",
"less_cause_dir": "moving"
} |
QRQA-10235-5-flip | The United states has less industry than South Korea. Therefore, there is more hazardous waste in _____. | {
"text": [
"South Korea",
"the United States"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Nations that have more industry produce more hazardous waste. | QRSent-10235 | {
"effect_prop": "hazardous waste",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "industry"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "industry",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "hazardous waste",
"less_cause_dir": "hazardous waste"
} |
QRQA-10256-3-flip | A human who eats an animal that is high on the food chain should take in _____ toxic metals. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The higher up a food chain that humans eat, the greater the levels of toxic metals they take in. | QRSent-10256 | {
"effect_prop": "levels of toxic metals they take in",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "up a food chain that humans eat"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "toxic metals",
"less_effect_prop": "toxic metals",
"less_cause_dir": "toxic metals"
} |
QRQA-10033-3-flip | If Mona is flying her plane in the thermosphere and she moves to a lower altitude heading, what happens to the temperature? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In the thermosphere, temperatures increase as altitude increases. | QRSent-10033 | {
"effect_prop": "temperatures",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increase",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "altitude increases"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "altitude",
"more_effect_prop": "temperature",
"less_effect_prop": "temperature",
"less_cause_dir": "temperature"
} |
QRQA-10352-2 | A big planet has a _____ pull of gravity than a small planet. | {
"text": [
"stronger",
"weaker"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Gravity is a pull which all matter exerts on all other matter, the more mass, the stronger the pull. | QRSent-10352 | {
"effect_prop": "gravity pull",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "mass"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "stronger",
"less_effect_dir": "weaker",
"less_cause_prop": "planet",
"more_effect_prop": "pull",
"less_effect_prop": "pull",
"less_cause_dir": "pull"
} |
QRQA-10260-3-flip | Sandy is running around the house doing laps. The slower she runs, the amount of energy she has is | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Faster-moving water has more energy. | QRSent-10260 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "faster",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "speed"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "Sandy",
"more_effect_prop": "amount of energy",
"less_effect_prop": "amount of energy",
"less_cause_dir": "amount of energy"
} |
QRQA-10398-5-flip | Lana is watching two waterfalls. The first waterfall is very steep, and the other is just a slope. The waterfall which will have the least erosion at the bottom is the one with the water which falls | {
"text": [
"slower",
"faster"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Water flowing over a steeper slope moves faster and causes more erosion. | QRSent-10398 | {
"effect_prop": "fastness",
"cause_dir_str": "steeper",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "steepness"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "falls faster",
"less_effect_dir": "falls slower",
"less_cause_prop": "waterfall",
"more_effect_prop": "water",
"less_effect_prop": "water",
"less_cause_dir": "water"
} |
QRQA-10145-2-flip | John monitors the log to see the temperature of the water, and he notices that as the temperature falls, the evaporation rate is | {
"text": [
"Higher",
"Lower."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In transipration, at warmer temperatures water molecules move faster, and the rate of evaporation from stomata is therefore much faster. | QRSent-10145 | {
"effect_prop": "evaporation",
"cause_dir_str": "warmer",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "temperatures"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "temperature",
"more_effect_prop": "evaporation rate",
"less_effect_prop": "evaporation rate",
"less_cause_dir": "evaporation rate"
} |
QRQA-10081-2 | Jefferson built a farm machine to increase food production. This likely will cause the population's lifespan to | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | New farm machines were invented. They increased the amount of food that could be produced. With more food, people were healthier and could live longer. | QRSent-10081 | {
"effect_prop": "people were healthier and could live longer",
"cause_dir_str": "increased",
"effect_dir_str": "healthier",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "food that could be produced"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "population's lifespan",
"less_effect_prop": "population's lifespan",
"less_cause_dir": "population's lifespan"
} |
QRQA-10195-1 | Dan's small globe will have this kind of gravity compared to his larger globe: | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Less massive objects also have less gravity than more massive objects. | QRSent-10195 | {
"effect_prop": "gravity",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "massive objects"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "globe",
"more_effect_prop": "gravity",
"less_effect_prop": "gravity",
"less_cause_dir": "gravity"
} |
QRQA-10262-1 | If Jim adds hydrogen ions to his solution, what will happen to the level of acidity? | {
"text": [
"it will become less acidic",
"it will become more acidic"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | With a higher concentration of hydrogen ions, a solution is more acidic but has a lower pH. | QRSent-10262 | {
"effect_prop": "acidity",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "hydrogen ions"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "acidic",
"less_effect_prop": "acidic",
"less_cause_dir": "acidic"
} |
QRQA-10116-3-flip | Electrons closer to a nucleus have _____ energy levels than further away ones. | {
"text": [
"higher",
"lower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Electrons at lower energy levels, which are closer to the nucleus, have less energy. | QRSent-10116 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "distance from a nucleus"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "nucleus",
"more_effect_prop": "electron energy levels",
"less_effect_prop": "electron energy levels",
"less_cause_dir": "electron energy levels"
} |
QRQA-10048-5 | If Mona is rafting on a river and the river is moving quickly, what happens to the size of particles that river deposits if the water slows down? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The size of the eroded particles depends on the velocity of the water. Eventually, the water deposits the materials. As water slows, larger particles are deposited. As the water slows even more, smaller particles are deposited. | QRSent-10048 | {
"effect_prop": "particles are deposited",
"cause_dir_str": "slows",
"effect_dir_str": "smaller",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "water slows"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "water",
"more_effect_prop": "particles",
"less_effect_prop": "particles",
"less_cause_dir": "particles"
} |
QRQA-10215-4-flip | Sean is trying to see how fast the water molecules are moving in a container of water. He observes that the molecules are moving very quickly, so the temperature must be | {
"text": [
"cool",
"warm"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | When a volume of water is cooled, the molecules move less vigorously, so same number of molecules takes up less space and the water is denser. | QRSent-10215 | {
"effect_prop": "vigorous movement",
"cause_dir_str": "cooled",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "cool water"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "moving very quickly",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "temperature",
"more_effect_prop": "molecules",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |