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Shubhangi29

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llava_med_alignment_500k_chunk_2

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[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a thorough analysis of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Representative growth curves of the optimal temperature (30°C) for A. castellanii (grey circle) in bacto casitone medium and for A. polyphaga (black diamond) in PBSG medium. Assays were carried out in triplicate with 98% parasite viability." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Western blot analysis of Snail transcription factor expression in NRK-49F cells. NRK-49F Cells were treated with β-HB (10 mM) in 5% FCS for 48 h, followed by treatment with DA water extract for another 24 h. A: After following NRK-49F Cell culture protocols, SDS-PAGE was performed with cell extracts or culture media. Western blot analysis used primary antibodies against Snail. β-Actin protein was used as an internal control. B: schematic diagram of Snail relative expression levels, Treatment with DA extract decreased the Snail expression induced by β-HB, in a dose-dependent manner. # P<0.05, *P<0.05, **P<0.01." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "DNA hypermethylation of the ACAT1 CpG island in NPC tumor biopsies and normal nasopharyngeal tissue. (A) DNA methylation microarray data (GSE62336) containing 25 cases of NPC primary tissues and 25 cases of normal nasopharyngeal epitheliums was used for analyzing the relative methylation level in the CpG island of the ACAT1 gene. Four probes targeting the CpG island region of ACAT1 were found. The dot plot shows the relative methylation level of the ACAT1 gene. (B) The methylation status of the 20 CpG sites within the ACAT1 gene promoter in 20 NPC biopsies and 9 normal nasopharyngeal epithelium biopsies were analyzed by bisulfite genomic sequencing. (C) Real-time RT-PCR analysis of the mRNA level of ACAT1 in four NPC cell lines with and without treatment with 5-aza-dC, 5μM/L for 4 days. The independent Student’s t-test was used to analyze the results and data are expressed as the means ± SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Changes in mean SF-12 physical and mental scores from baseline to the 3-month evaluation. A. Differences in the mean SF-12 mental scores between the baseline values and those obtained one and three months after the first injection in the placebo group (dashed line), RegenoGel arm (blue), and RegenoGel-OSP arm (red). B. Differences in the mean SF-12 physical scores between the values obtained at baseline and those obtained one and three months after the first injection in the placebo group (dashed line), RegenoGel arm (blue), and RegenoGel-OSP arm (red). Vertical lines denote standard deviations." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write a terse but informative summary of the picture.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Showing features suggestive of hyperkalemia (S.K 7 meq/I): Rate 63/min, absent P waves, junctional rhythm, with tall T waves" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a concise interpretation of the image provided.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Forest plots showing changes in (A) IPSS storage; (B) IPSS voiding; SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse variance; CI, confidence interval; df, degrees of freedom." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "MFM images in the same area of sample Fe3O4 with an external applied magnetic field varied as follows: (a) 0 Oe , (b) 2.2 Oe, (c) 3.2 Oe, (d) 5.1 Oe, (e) 6.2Oe, (f) 7.2 Oe." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "LonA represses motility and the T6SS through TfoY. Quantification of flagellar motility and T6SS killing experiments. For motility assays, single colonies were stabbed into LB soft agar plates (0.3% agar) and incubated at 30°C for approximately 18 hours. (A) Swimming motility phenotypes of WT, ΔfliA (negative control) and various ΔlonA and/or ΔtfoY deletions as well as their complementation strains from the Tn7 site. (B) Overexpression of tfoY from the Ptac promoter in plates with and without IPTG. (C) The T6SS killing phenotypes of various tfoY and lonA deletion mutants as well as their complementation strains were analyzed. T6SS killing was determined by enumerating the survival of E. coli strain MC4100, which is susceptible to T6SS attack. In addition, hcp was included as a negative control for T6SS dependent killing and lonA(S678A) as a control for LonA-dependent proteolysis. (D) Overexpression of tfoY from the Ptac promoter on plates with or without IPTG. Motility and T6SS-dependent killing experiments represent the average and SD of at least three independent experiments. Statistical analysis was performed using an unpaired Student’s t-test. Statistical values indicated are (**p<0.01, ***p < .001, and ****p < .0001). (E) Abundance of natively produced TfoY as well as overexpressed TfoY from the Ptac promoter." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "(A) A 1 × 2 cm2 ovoid hyperpigmented skin patch with a 0.3-cm papule in the center on the right lateral chest wall. (B) Histologically, there are lobulated solid nests and strands of large epithelioid cells with vesicular nuclei, minimal nuclear atypia, pale cytoplasm, and rare mitoses, with infiltration into the dermis (hematoxylin and eosin 200×)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Three types of INDELSCAN-identified indels: TSS indels (Events 1 and 2), SSS indels (Events 3 and 4) and NSS indels (Events 5 and 6), with odd number events representing insertions and even number events, deletions." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a thorough analysis of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Diet effects on body weight and weight loss composition. Solid lines are primary KD outcomes; dashed lines show LFD for comparison. Results are presented as absolute change (± SEM) from baseline. Panels: (A) scale body weight, (B) DXA whole-body fat and (C) DXA whole-body lean mass. Statistics: 2 (group) × 4 (time) ANOVA. Time effects: ***p < 0.001 from WK0. Body weight and fat mass decreased steadily and significantly between each timepoint after WK0 (p < 0.001). Lean mass decreased significantly by WK2 (p < 0.001), followed by no other significant reductions thereafter. With LFD included in the secondary 3 (group) × 4 (time) ANOVA analysis – No major changes were detected besides a higher FFM WK2 value compared to WK6 (p < 0.05)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a detailed description of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Schematic of anticipated release profiles from different coaxial fiber architectures. Generally, the release of encapsulants from coaxial fibers is dependent on the core and shell hydrophobicity. The release of active agents from coaxial fibers with (A) hydrophilic core and shell, (B) hydrophobic core and hydrophilic shell, (C) hydrophilic core and hydrophobic shell, and (D) hydrophobic core and shell are shown. Hydrophilic polymers (shown in orange) typically promote transient release, while more hydrophobic polymers (blue) are typically used to provide short-term or sustained-release." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Narrate the contents of the image with precision\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "miR-146a attenuates NF-κB activation and reduces inflammatory responses in macrophages. RAW264.7 cells were transfected with miR-146a mimic and negative control miRNA for 24 h and followed hypoxia/reoxygenation. (A and B) Supernatants were collected to measure TNF-α and IL-6 by ELISA. (C) Cytosolic and nuclear p65 protein were separated using hypotonic buffer. β-actin and lamB1 indicate cytosolic and nuclear fraction, respectively. (D and E) EMSA and luciferase report assay of nuclear P65 activity. Co-culture of RAW264.7 cells/Kupffer cells with hepatocytes and followed H/R. Results are mean ± SD. *, P<0.05 and **,P<0.01,***,P<0.001 versus negative control. H/R, hypoxia/reoxygenation; mNC, negative control miRNA of miR-146a mimic; iNC, negative control miRNA of miR-146a inhibitor." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Render a clear and concise summary of the photo.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Schematic representation of the protocol for the capture of viable OsHV-1 from the homogenate and the seawater using anionic MBs and subsequent virus detection." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Mean (±SE) incidence of H. halys external injury to apples per tree at harvest (2014), from trees on the perimeter of 9 apple orchard blocks in the Mid-Atlantic, USA, that were bordered by various habitats. Black bars denote fruit samples taken from trees adjacent to pheromone-baited traps, while grey bars indicate samples taken from trees without a pheromone trap nearby. Bars with shared letters are not significantly different (Tukey HSD, α = 0.05)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Create a compact narrative representing the image presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Fluorescence HPLC profile of hydrolysate after lipase reaction." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain the various aspects of the image before you\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Localization of 40 nm NPs in the circulation of the villi 30 minutes after administration in the SI lumen in vivo. To highlight the vasculature and lymph ducts of the villi, dextran (green) was injected in the tail vein while NPs (red) and DAPI (blue) were injected into the lumen of the SI. Thirty minutes later the SI was imaged with a confocal microscope and sequential Z-stacks were acquired. (A) A Z-stack image taken at the tip of the villi: nuclei of the IECs above the LP stained with DAPI (blue) and lumen (asterisks) stained with dextran (green) that has leaked from circulation. Inset: a magnified image showing the proximity of NPs to the IEC nuclei. (B) A Z-stack of the same villi taken at 70 µm depth showing NPs (red) that have accumulated in the LP and IEC nuclei stained with DAPI (blue) surrounding the LP. (C) Three color Z-stack shown in B in which NPs are seen co-localizing with vasculature of the villi (arrows). The images are representatives of at least 3 experiments." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased with metformin and PEITC treatment. A. Live cell confocal image of SKOV3 cells treated for 24 hours. MitoSOX, a mitochondrial specific superoxide detector, exhibits increased fluorescence in metformin and PEITC treated cells comparison to control treated cells. B. Mean fluorescence intensity from dihydroethidium (DHE) used to detect total cellular ROS. Cell lines were treated for 24 hours with or without metformin [8 mM] and DHE intensity was measured by flow cytometry." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Walk through the important details of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Effects of the main natural mutations of the PCSK9 domains on cholesterol homeostasis phenotype and their impact on cardiovascular disease risk. LOF: loss-of-function; GOF: gain-of-function; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; LDLR: LDL receptor; LDL-C: LDL cholesterol; CV: cardiovascular; CHR: cysteine- and histidine-rich domain." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Walk through the important details of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Neuropathic pain phenotypes of sarcoidosis patients. Notes: Four phenotypes were constructed based on the presence or absence of small fiber neuropathy measured by CCM or skin biopsies. Red: small fiber morphology abnormalities by CCM and skin biopsy, phenotype A. Orange: small fiber morphology abnormalities by skin biopsy only, phenotype B. Blue: small fiber morphology abnormalities by CCM only, phenotype C. Green: no small fiber morphology abnormalities, phenotype D. ALL, dynamic mechanical allodynia. Abbreviations: CCM, cornea confocal microscopy; CDT, cold detection threshold; CNBD, corneal nerve branching density; CNFD, corneal nerve fiber density; CNFL, corneal nerve fiber length; CPT, cold pain threshold; HPT, heat pain threshold; IENFD, intraepidermal nerve fiber density; MDT, mechanical detection threshold; MPS, mechanical pain sensitivity; MPT, mechanical pain threshold; PHS, paradoxical heat sensations; PPT, pressure pain threshold; QST, quantitative sensory testing; TSL, thermal sensory limen; VDT, vibration detection threshold; WUR, wind-up ratio; WDT, warm detection threshold." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Create a compact narrative representing the image presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Annual cases of coccidioidomycosis for patients with a confirmed address at time of diagnosis seen at a regional referral center in West Texas, USA, 2013–2019" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Properties of the complex with the highest binding affinity. (a) An X-ray structure of the α-methylated [1055meLeu;1076meLeu]AD1-ACTR variant bound to NCBD (PDB ID: 6SQC). To facilitate the crystallization, NCBD was fused to maltose-binding protein (MBP, depicted in grey). The [1055meLeu;1076meLeu]AD1-ACTR (in purple-blue) and NCBD (in orange) have elevated thermal B-factors (thicker tube) in comparison to MBP reflecting higher amplitudes of atomic displacements suggesting enhanced conformational dynamics. Enlarged structure of the complex illustrates the arrangement of six α-helices (H1–H3 for ACTR and NCBD) and the positions of α-methylated Leu residues. Both 1055meLeu and 1076meLeu adopt α-helical conformations (corresponding helices are on the right). The side chain of 1055meLeu adopts [trans (t, χ1 = −167.4°), trans (t, χ2 = 153°)] rotamer conformation, while 1076meLeu has its side chain in [gauche- (g-, χ1 = −59.3°), trans (t, χ2 = 137°)] conformation. Stereochemical Newman projections (ESI Fig. S13†) illustrate how α-methyl groups avoid steric clashes with Leu isobutyl side chains. (b) Root-mean square fluctuations (RMSF) in MD simulations (GROMOS, 200 ns) of three complexes (WT in black, [1055meLeu]AD1-ACTR/NCBD in red and [1055meLeu;1076meLeu]AD1-ACTR/NCBD in green) indicating that α-methylation rigidifies motions in both AD1-ACTR and NCBD (additional analysis is in ESI Fig. S16 and S17†). (c) The corresponding Ramachandran plots depict well-defined helical distributions of (ϕ/ψ)-dihedral angles for α-methylated residues 1055meLeu and 1076meLeu in contrast to less defined conformations for non-methylated Leu residues." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Coherent image processing. Images of the metasurface illuminated by (a) the International Year of Light logo (beam A) and (b) its central sun (beam B). Coherent (c) selection and (d) deletion of the sun within the logo for different relative phases of beams A and B." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Present a compact description of the photo’s key features.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The SERs versus SNR for BPSK." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Narrate the contents of the image with precision\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Example of basic and complex events. The panels in the top row show snapshots of the search behavior. The gaze position is shown by the gray circle. Agents are shown as white circles. The movement trajectory is indicated by the corresponding arrow. The diagram below shows basic and complex events as well as exploration and catch-up saccades. Each gray block shows when an event occurred. The time flows from the left to the right. To improve the readability of the figure, all basic events are equally long." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Examine the image closely and share its details\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "iNOS inhibitor prevents GRA15-dependent production of NO and reduction of IDO1 proteins. (A to C) THP-1 cells were infected with Pru T. gondii. The infected THP-1 cells were cocultured with Huh7 cells and then left untreated or treated with IFN-γ and/or aminoguanidine. (A) The levels of NO2 released into the culture supernatant were measured by ELISA. (B) Expression of indicated proteins in the cell lysates was detected by Western blotting. (C) The parasite survival rates were measured by luciferase assay. (D and E) WT or IDO1-KO Huh7 cells were left untreated or treated with the indicated cytokines and/or aminoguanidine and infected with Pru T. gondii. (D) Levels of NO2 released into the culture supernatant were measured by ELISA. (E) The parasite survival rates were measured by luciferase assay. The Western blot image is representative of three independent experiments (B). Indicated values represent means ± SD (three biological replicates per group from three independent experiments) (A, C, D, and E). ***, P < 0.001; **, P < 0.01; N.S., not significant (Student's t test)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Examine the image closely and share its details\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "(a) The second layer of HHSA for the LOD data. Here is the IMFs for the first component in figure 9b. The Olympiad cycle (4 years) is now clearly shown in IMFs 8 and 9. The axis labels are the same as in figure 9b. (b) The Hilbert time–frequency spectrum confirms the Olympiad cycle, which could be included in a higher-dimensional HHS." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Core components of the CRISPR-Cas9 system. (A) In the native system a CRISPR RNA (crRNA; pink) and trans-activating crRNA (tracrRNA; blue), bind together (yellow interactions) to form a gRNA that then complexes with the Cas9 protein (grey). The 5ʹ end of each RNA is denoted by a small circle. (B) A sgRNA (green) is produced by fusing a crRNA and tracrRNA using a short linker. This creates a CRISPR-Cas9 system requiring only two components: Cas9 and an sgRNA. (C) Function of the CRISPR-Cas9 system. The Cas9:gRNA complex is able to bind DNA and upon recognition of a complementary sequence to the DNA-binding region of the gRNA, double-strand cleavage occurs. Where possible, the cell will attempt to repair this break, which can potentially introduce mutations (cyan bases). Red DNA bases show the PAM and red stars denote DNA cleavage." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Summarize the visual content of the image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Oblique coronal view magnetic resonance imaging of right shoulder. (A) Preoperative view. (B, C, and D) Postoperative view indicating grafts I, II, and III, respectively." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "(A) Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography did not show any obvious biliary stones, although one patient had abnormal findings of liver function tests with abdominal pain. (B) However, EUS clearly showed a hyperechoic structure with acoustic shadow, measuring 4 mm in diameter. The stone was successfully managed by subsequent ERCP." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the following image in detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Vitreous levels of NET complexes found in patients with PDR. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) (A), citrullinated histone 3-myeloperoxidase (H3Cit-MPO) complex (B), and neutrophil elastase-myeloperoxidase (NE-MPO) complex (C). PDR = proliferative diabetic retinopathy; PDR1 = had no need for repeated surgical intervention; PDR2 = had repeated vitreous bleeding or other complication. *Statistically significant; p<0.05, **, highly statistically significant, p<0.01." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Characterize the image using a well-detailed description\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Road and turbine pads for a 150-MW facility in the Flint Hills of eastern Kansas. Over 30 km of new roads and 99 turbine pads were constructed in tallgrass prairie for this project." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Characterize the image using a well-detailed description\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Evans Blue Vascular Damage. Challenging the vasculature with Evans Blue (EB) following vascular imaging reveals areas of endothelial cell permeability or denudation by staining the arterial wall blue. Underneath a functional endothelium, the arterial wall remains unstained (A,B). Scanning electron microscopy (C,D) shows that permeability is mainly caused by overt denudation (i.e. endothelial cell loss), resulting in penetration of the blue dye. The line delineates the area stained blue in B. D shows islands of intact endothelial cells (EC)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Growth curves of sodium selenite treated cells. The cells were seeded at day 0. Sodium selenite was added to the cells at day 1 of incubation after a 24 h cell adhesion period. Sodium selenite treatment was given once without medium exchange to a A549 cells, b BEAS-2B cells, or added daily without medium exchange to c A549 cells, d BEAS-2B. The solvent (sodium chloride) did not have any significant effect on the cell growth (data not shown). Error bars represent the standard deviation of three separate experiments; wells were assayed in triplicates in each of the different experiments. Significance was calculated for each day’s approaches (control versus treated sample). Asterisks illustrate significances *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a detailed description of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Representative tibial uCT scans. a Fracture group rat, b Nonunion group rat, c Nonunion rat treated with hUC-MSCs + plasma and d Nonunion rat treated with hUC-MSCs + plasma + AKT blocker" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Walk through the important details of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Characteristics of the tephra at Urluia. a. Geochemical profile of the Urluia tephra compared with CI data from Italy, eastern Europe and Mediterranean Sea cores [4], [8], [53], [66]. b. Photograph of the contact between the tephra and underlying loess deposits. c. Photomicrograph from scanning electron microscope (SEM) of tephra shards. d. Vegetation imprints at the basal contact of the tephra with the loess (looking upward), collected from the exposure at Urluia." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Partial SADAS-ML specification with the sub-types of the physical object meta-type." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain the various aspects of the image before you\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "BrdU+/Ki67+ cells were Pax6+ while BrdU+/Ki67- cells were Tbr2+ or Tuj1+ in E14.5 dorsomedial telencephalon. Brains were dissected from E14.5 wild-type or Imp1 mice after a 24 hr pulse of BrdU. Coronal sections were immunostained with antibodies against BrdU, Ki67, and Pax6 (A), Tbr2 (B), or Tuj1(C). Most BrdU+Ki67+ cells (yellow cells in Ki67/BrdU images) expressed Pax6 and most BrdU+Ki67- cells (red cells in Ki67/BrdU images) were either Tbr2+ or Tuj1+. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00924.015" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a concise interpretation of the image provided.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Representation of a linear hardening model for an elasto-plastic material." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the following image in detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Annexin V and pancaspase assays of WFA and/or UV treatments. Human oral cancer Ca9-22 and HSC-3 cells and normal oral HGF-1 cells were treated with control (0.01% DMSO), WFA (1 µM), UVC (12 J/m2), and a combined treatment (UVC/WFA) for 24 h. (A,B) Typical annexin V/7AAD patterns and statistics. Apoptosis (%) is the percentage of annexin V-positive population. (C,D) Typical pancaspase pattern and statistics. (+) is the percentage for pancaspase-positive populations. Groups showing no overlapping letters (a–d) indicate significant differences (p < 0.05~0.0001). Data are the mean ± SD (n = 3 independent experiments, each experiment collected with 5000 gated cell counts)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a brief description of the given image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Setup for the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) tests for receive and transmit antennas." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Box plot of coefficients of variation on guessability score." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a thorough analysis of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Effects of inhibited AIM2 inflammasome activation on GSDMD-induced pyroptosis 24 h post-SAH in vivo. a The transfection of LV-NCGFP in vivo, scale bars = 200 μm; b Representative immunohistochemistry images of AIM2, GSDMD, caspase-1 and ASC in all groups, scale bars = 50 μm; c Representative Nissl staining images of temporal cortex in all groups, scale bars = 50 μm; d, f Western blot assay for the expression of AIM2, GSDMD, GSDMD-N, caspase-1, caspase-1 p20 and ASC in all groups; e, g Quantification of AIM2, GSDMD, GSDMD-N, caspase-1, caspase-1 p20 and ASC. n = 6 per group. Bars represent the mean ± S.E.M. ***P < 0.001, and ns means non-significant. DAPI 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a detailed description of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Current PCET Model of the 32 Å (Y122 to C439) RT in E. coli RNR, Redox-active tyrosines 356, 731, and 730 are shown in cyan, electron transfer steps as red arrows, and proton transfer steps as blue arrows. Water molecules revealed in this study in respective site-selective mutants are shown in boldface." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Characterize the image using a well-detailed description\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Ionic screening reduces ATP inhibitory effects. The relative conductance indicates that increased ionic screening elicited by addition of KCl minimize the conductance changes induced by ATP addition. The continuous lines represent the fit with the Hill equation (Equation (2)). Adapted from [59], with permission." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Narrate the contents of the image with precision\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Parasitoid's time budget within patch visits against smearing frequency. Box plots show the proportion of time spent: a) foraging (searching & handling); b) grooming; and c) stationary in patches containing 2 (white), 6 (grey), and 12 (black) aphids." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Akt mediated NF-κB p65 signaling was activated in RN-SC cells mediated by LPA. RN-SC cells (5 × 105 cells/well) were seeded into 6-wells plates and treated with LPA (0, 0.1, 1, and 10 μmol/L) for 24 h. (A) The expressions of AKT, p-AKT, IKB, p-IKB, total p65 and p65 in nuclei were measured by western blot. (B) The p65 translocation was detected by immunohistochemistry. Data are representative of three independent experiments. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. RN-SC cells treated with 0 μmol/L LPA were considered as controls. The differences of protein expression and P65 translocation were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's method. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Comparison of lactate metabolism in hfRPE with lactate metabolism in mouse retinas and mouse eyecups with retinas removed. The high relative abundance of m3 metabolites derived from carboxylation reactions and the high abundance of fumarate, malate and aspartate in hfRPE cells resemble the metabolite distributions in the RPE enriched eyecup more than the distributions in retina. Each preparation was incubated with 10 mM U-13C lactate for the specified times and metabolites were extracted, derivatized and quantified by GC-MS. (n = 2 for hfRPE, n = 3 for mEyecup and n = 4 for mRetina; error bars represent range or standard deviations.)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Summarize the visual content of the image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Study design. Dietary intervention starts at 180 days of age. Experimental procedures take approximately 1 week starting from given day." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Characterize the image using a well-detailed description\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Masson trichrome–stained sections of kidney from rat (A) exposed to Tcm and administered Mth and Tof. (B) Rats exposed to Tcm, Mth, and Csin; (C) rats exposed to Tcm and Csin and Tof; and (D) rats exposed to Tcm and received mixture of Mth, Tof, and Csin showing disappearance of the abnormal fibrous tissue with prominent vascular wall connective tissue fibers (arrows). ×200. Csin indicates Camellia sinensis; Mth, milk thistle seeds; Tcm, tetrachloromethane; Tof, Taraxacum officinale." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Students’ performance mapped on a competence wheel, compared to the baseline" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Mora identification scores (%) for the four stimulus conditions (n = 4 in Experiment 1 and n = 20 in Experiment 2). The dashed horizontal line indicates the 50% level of mora identification. The error bars indicate the standard deviations. Twenty-four participants were asked to write down what they heard in Japanese hiragana letters, indicating morae–based phonological units of Japanese, which are in many cases equal to and sometimes shorter than syllables." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the following image in detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Confocal laser scanning microscopy images of C. albicans YEM 30 biofilms developed in vivo (×630). After 4 hours of C. albicans YEM 30 infection, the inoculums were removed, and riccardin D was administered alone or in combination with fluconazole and allowed to dwell in the catheters for 8 h. The specimens were removed after the animals sacrifice, washed with PBS (pH 7.4) and stained with fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and propidium iodide (PI). Cell viability could be assessed using confocal laser scanning microscopy because healthy cells with an intact membrane were stained fluorescent green, whereas those with damaged membranes stained fluorescent red. (A) Biofilms after 24 h of development without drug treatment; (B) Biofilms challenged by riccardin D at the concentration of 16 µg/ml; (C) Biofilms treated with riccardin D at the concentration of 64 µg/ml; (D) Biofilms treated with fluconazole at the concentration of 4 µg/ml; (E) Biofilms treated with riccardin D (16 µg/ml) and fluconazole (4 µg/ml) when used in combination." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Breakdown of 385 C. difficile isolates in MLST study. A) Source of isolate (where given), Ai) breakdown by ST of human isolates (other = 57 additional STs), Aii) breakdown by ST of bovine isolates, B) Country of origin of isolate (where given), Bi) breakdown of UK isolates by ST (other = 47 additional STs), Bii) breakdown of USA isolates by ST, C) PCR ribotype (RT) of isolate (NT = RT not indicated and not tested, other = 61 additional RTs), D) Sequence type determined by this study (other = 42 additional STs)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Render a clear and concise summary of the photo.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Schematic of (a) disease structure and (b) student and staff/faculty transmission pathways." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the image concisely.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Axial computed tomography image demonstrating the interface of the short limb of the intrauterine device and the rectal wall (arrow)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Examine the image closely and share its details\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Effect of primary epidermis enhancer (priEE) knockout on the intensity and patterns of pigmentation. a) Images of the 5–7-day-old adult females. The red arrow indicates the area where the dark pigmentation in the dorsal midline is missing. b) Yellow squares indicating the areas of thorax (upper panel) and abdomen (lower panel) where pigmentation was quantified. c) Percent (%) darkness values obtained from the grayscale images of the thorax. d) Percent (%) darkness values obtained from the grayscale images of the A4 abdominal segment. N = 10 for each strain. Different letters indicate significant differences between strains (P < 0.05; Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test followed by Dunn’s test). Scale bars indicate 100 μm and error bars denote standard error." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Dose–response for pH >4 HTR (left) and pH>5 HTR (right) on Day 7 in the Japanese and UK studies in healthy male subjects receiving TAK-438 10–40 mg once daily at a fixed dose level for 7 consecutive days (Pharmacodynamic analysis set: Japan N = 60; UK N = 48)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a detailed description of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Results of minigene assay. Visualisation of PCR products from amplification of minigene-specific cDNA. 1—Wild type (WT) transcript isoform. 2—transcript isoform with PREPL exon 14 skipping, caused by c.2094G>T variant. 3—minor event of exon skipping in WT minigene. As can be seen from our experiment, alternative splicing with the formation of a short transcript is also present in the wild type. This mRNA isoform probably avoids the nonsense mediated decay and is therefore present in small amounts in normal cells as well." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Following the biodegradation of emerging fluorinated pollutants by 19F NMR. The spectra are from culture supernatants of different bacteria incubated with SF5-aminophenol. Figure 16 was reprinted from [110]." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A sliding window of 70 sampled mitogenomes (alignment length: 18,646 bp). The sliding window was derived using DnaSP v5 software. The window width was set to 500 bp and the step size was set to 2 bp (excluding gaps and missing data)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Examine the image closely and share its details\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Effect of different concentrations of Con A on percentage of viable bull spermatozoa (%) under control conditions (without menadione) and oxidative stress conditions (100 µM menadione). a, b: differences within control or oxidative stress between different concentrations of Con A. x, y: differences within a given concentration of Con A between control or oxidative stress (n = 6). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM; significance, p < 0.05." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "TGF-β has a larger effect on myoblasts compared to myostatin. (a) Primary cells were induced to differentiate for 2 days and subsequently treated with TGF-β (0.01 or 10 ng/mL) or myostatin (10 or 300 ng/mL). Myotubes were stained for MHC (green) and nuclei were stained using DAPI (blue). SMAD2 is visible in red. The scale indicates 100 µm. After TGF-β or myostatin treatment, SMAD2 was translocated to the nucleus in both myotubes and undifferentiated myoblasts compared to controls. (b,c) In primary mouse myoblasts, expression levels of Myh3 mRNA were reduced after 48 h TGF-β treatment compared to those in untreated cells (b), while no differences were observed for myostatin (MSTN) (c). (d,e) Expression levels of Ctgf were increased after 3 h TGF-β (d) or myostatin treatment (e) compared to those in untreated cells, although TGF-β had a larger effect. (f,g) Treatment with specific siRNAs reduced levels of Acvr1b (f) or Tgfbr1 (g). (h,i) Knockdown of Acvr1b or Tgfbr1 did not affect Myod (h) or Myog (i) expression levels. (j,k) Tgfbr1 knockdown slightly reduced Ctgf (j) and Col1a1 (k) expression levels, while Acvr1b knockdown had little effect. The combined knockdown of Tgfbr1 and Acvr1b did significantly reduce Ctgf and Col1a1 expression levels. Gapdh served as housekeeping gene; error bars indicate standard error of the mean; * indicates significant difference at p < 0,05; n = 3 experiments per condition; data were normalized to values of control cells at 0 h. (l,m) There is a significant correlation between Tgfbr1 expression level and Ctgf and Col1a1 expression levels (l), while no such correlations were found between Acvr1b expression levels and Ctgf or Col1a1 expression levels (m)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Hyperoxia-conditioned murine macrophages and interleukin 6 (IL-6)/soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) trigger hyperoxia-induced apoptosis of alveolar epithelial type II cells (ATII). a) Assessment of gene expression of surfactant protein C (Sftpc) and aquaporin 5 (Aqp5) in murine lung epithelial cells (MLE12). MLE12 were cultured in serum-rich medium, followed by serum-reduced medium for 12 h. Afterwards the cells were treated either with vehicle (Veh) or IL-6/sIL-6R and exposed to hyperoxia (HYX; 85% O2) or normoxia (NOX; 21% O2) for 24 h; n=11 per group; β-actin served as housekeeping gene. b) Scheme depicting the experimental design: macrophages (J774.A1) were exposed to NOX or HYX for 48 h; subsequently, MLE12 were exposed to HYX and treated with conditioned medium (CM) of NOX-exposed macrophages (CMNOX), CMHYX or Veh (untreated medium, Co) for 24 h; control MLE12 were exposed to NOX. At the end, proliferation of MLE12 was assessed using MTT assay; n=12–30 per group. c) Measurement of IL-6 protein using ELISA in supernatants of J744.A1 macrophages. J744.A1 were cultured in serum-rich medium, followed by exposure to HYX or NOX for 24 h and 48 h; n=8 per group. d) Immunoblot showing Krüppel-like factor 4 (Klf4) protein abundance in macrophages (J774.A1) after exposure to NOX or HYX for 24 h or 48 h; Klf4 protein was related to β-actin, which served as a loading control; densitometric data are displayed under the immunoblot; n=4–5 per group. e) Klf4 was suppressed in macrophages (J744.A1). Cells were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against Klf4 (si-klf4) or scrambled siRNA (scr) using the endo-porter technique, followed by a recovery time of 24 h in serum-rich medium. Subsequently, cells were starved with serum-reduced medium. Gene expression of macrophage markers was assessed after exposure to HYX for 48 h: Il6, metalloproteinase 12 (Mmp12), toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) and CC-chemokine ligand 7 (Ccl7); β-actin served as a housekeeping gene; mean±sem; n=4–5 per group. f) Primary murine macrophages (peritoneal) were isolated and cultured for 24 h in serum-rich medium. Subsequently, cells were exposed to NOX or HYX for 48 h in serum-reduced medium. Gene expression of M1-like (Mmp12, Tlr4) and M2-like (arginase 1 (Arg1), resistin-like molecule alpha 1 (Fizz1)) markers were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR; β-actin served as a housekeeping gene. g) Similar to (b), primary murine macrophages were exposed to NOX or HYX for 48 h; subsequently MLE12 were exposed to HYX and treated with CMNOX, CMHYX or Veh (untreated medium, Co) of primary murine macrophages; control MLE12 were exposed to NOX. After 24 h, proliferation of MLE12 was assessed using MTT assay; n=12–30 per group. h) Precision-cut lung slices of 14-day-old mice were treated either with Veh or IL-6/sIL-6R and exposed to NOX or HYX for 48 h; n=3–4 per group. Representative co-immunofluorescence staining for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) as an indicator of apoptosis (green) and surfactant protein C (SFTPC) (ATII, red), ×100 magnification, along with quantitative summary data of the percentage of TUNEL+ and SFTPC+:TUNEL+ cells relative to all ATII; mean±sem. Paired t-test: *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001; repeated measures. One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's post-test: #: p<0.05, ####: p<0.0001. DAPI: 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Walk through the important details of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "ACE-positive cell counts in captopril treated and untreated tumors at days 16 and 21 after tumor-induction. Because all vascular endothelial cells stained in the liver regardless of treatment with captopril, cell counts for the corresponding normal liver were not performed. Changes in the number of ACE positive cells in response to captopril treatment was similar to ACE mRNA (see Figure 2), with greater numbers and mRNA expression in untreated CRC metastases at day 16, but an increase in mRNA expression and number of ACE-positive cells by day 21 in treated CRC metastases." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Present a compact description of the photo’s key features.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Molecular structures of 4-methyl phenoxy acetic acid (M-POAA), 4-tert-butyl phenoxy acetic acid (B-POAA), and 4-tert-octyl phenoxy acetic acid (O-POAA)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Characterize the image using a well-detailed description\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Overlap of predicted genes targeted by STAT3-regulated miRs. Venn diagram showing the overlap between predicted target genes of miR-155 (red circle), miR-181b (green circle) and miR-21 (blue circle). The numbers in the intersections represent the number of target genes (390, 259 and 136) targeted by two miRs (miR-155 and miR-181b, miR-181b and miR-21 and miR-21 and miR-155, respectively) or by all of them (79 genes). The majority of genes (863 for miR-155, 1889 for miR-181b and 645 for miR-21) are targeted by only one miR" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain the various aspects of the image before you\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Effect of feeding different postbiotics on plasma acute phase proteins (α1-AGP and CPN), and HSP70 concentrations in heat-stressed broiler chickens. a,b,c,d standard error bars sharing different letters are significantly different (p < 0.05). Data are shown as means and standard error (n = 12). α1-AGP: alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein, HSP70: heat shock protein 70, CPN: ceruloplasmin. Diets: Negative control (NC): basal diet without any supplementation, positive control (PC): basal diet + 0.02% oxytetracycline (w/w), AA: basal diet + 0.02% ascorbic acid (w/w), RI11: basal diet + 0.3% postbiotic RI11 (v/w), RS5: basal diet + 0.3% postbiotic RS5 (v/w), UL4: basal diet + 0.3% postbiotic UL4 (v/w)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a thorough analysis of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Increased hFM-MSC growth kinetics after Refeed® lipid supplementation. Theoretical in vitro expansion of hFM-MSCs. The number of cells was obtained considering the initial cell seeding (5000 cells/cm2) and the related cumulative population doubling. Control cells (Ctrl) are presented as black squares and cells supplemented with Refeed® as white squares" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the following image in detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "SLU7 is required for proper spindle assembly and SCC. (A) Metaphases were analyzed by immunofluorescence in PLC/PRF/5 cells 48 h after transfection with control siGL and 2 h after release of overnight treatment with nocodazole. Immunodetection of SLU7 expression and localization is shown in green, the mitotic spindle was visualized with anti-α-Tubulin (TUBA) antibody (red) and DNA was stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 10 μm. (B) Cells transfected with siSLU7 were treated as in A. Cells with normal levels of SLU7 presented their chromosomes aligned in the metaphase plate and normal spindles as control siGL cells. Cells with reduced SLU7 levels (↓SLU7) showed abnormal (monopolar or multipolar) spindle morphology. Scale bar: 10 μm. (C) Representative images of metaphase chromosome spreads from PLC/PRF/5, HeLa and H358 cells 48 h after transfection with siGL or siSLU7. Scale bar: 10 μm. (D) Schematic representation of the genomic locus of human CDCA5 (sororin) gene and the transcripts generated after the correct splicing or the aberrant retention of introns 1 and 2. The location of primers used for PCR1, PCR2 and PCR3 is indicated. (E) Real time quantification of the incorporation of intron 1 (PCR1) and intron 2 (PCR2) into sororin mRNA in PLC/PRF/5 cells 48 h after transfection with two different SLU7-specific siRNAs. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. (F) Analysis of sororin transcripts using PCR3 as described in D, in PLC/PRF/5, HeLa and H358 cells 48 h after transfection with siSLU7. Arrows indicate the aberrant intron-incorporating isoforms. (G) Western blot of sororin and SLU7 in PLC/PRF/5 and HeLa cells 48 h after transfection with siSLU7. Actin expression is shown as loading control. All experiments were performed at least three times with biological duplicates per condition." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a detailed description of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Expression of EMMPRIN in human astrocytomas and meningiomas. a EMMPRIN mRNA levels were significantly higher in grade IV than grade III (p = 0.0005) primary astrocytomas patient samples and non-tumor controls (p = 0.00001). b, c By immunostain score, EMMPRIN positively correlated with WHO grades in human astrocytomas (p = 0.008), and meningiomas (p = 0.048, by Pearson product method correlation test), respectively. Representative hematoxylin and eosin staining of d glioblastomas multiforme, e anaplastic astrocytomas, f diffuse astrocytomas, and g pilocytic astrocytomas. Immuno-histochemical staining of EMMPRIN in h glioblastomas multiforme, i anaplastic astrocytomas, j diffuse astrocytomas, and k pilocytic astrocytomas. Representative hematoxylin and eosin staining of l anaplastic, m atypical, n meningothelial meningiomas, and o non-neoplastic brain tissues. Immuno-histochemical staining of EMMPRIN in p anaplastic, q atypical, r meningothelial meningiomas, and s non-neoplastic brain tissues. Original magnification ×400" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Characterize the image using a well-detailed description\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Comparison of gene mosaicism in 163 Lambda-like phages encoding (Rec+) or lacking (Rec−) recombinases. Mosaic genes are pairs of homologous genes with low evolutionary distances (low d) in phages with high evolutionary distances (high D). For each threshold T and T, we compared the frequency of mosaic genes of Rec+ phages (MRec +) and Rec− phages (MRec −). The color scale gives the ratio of the frequency of mosaic genes between phages encoding and lacking recombination functions (MRec +/MRec −). Non-significant (p>0.05, Wilcoxon test) differences on the frequency of mosaic genes are indicated on the graph (ns)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Summarize the visual content of the image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Average positioning comparisons of our method, the Kalman filter based method and the particle filter based method over different outlier conditions." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Boxplots for mature flower traits of three outcrossing and three selfing populations of Arabis alpina. A) petal area of landing platform, inlay shows two representative examples of the original photographs; B) pistil length; C) absolute herkogamy of long stamens; D) absolute herkogamy of short stamens. The individual points indicate the mean trait values for the replicate flowers analysed within individual plants on which the boxplots were based." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a thorough analysis of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Beta diversity analysis of stool samples shows clear separation of the groups. Shown is a principal-coordinate analysis (PCoA) plot of the gut microbiome based on (A) Bray-Curtis distances between the samples and (B) Jaccard distances between the samples. Ellipses represent 95% confidence intervals. (C) Canonical analysis of principal coordinates (CAP) ordination of the samples. (D) Robust Aitchison principal-coordinate analysis using DEICODE. Arrows represent individual taxa driving the separation of samples along the principal components, and their length correlates with the feature loadings and the biplot axis. Colored dots represent individual subjects and are colored according to the designated cohort group." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Render a clear and concise summary of the photo.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Dark blue pigmentation of deep tissues and cartilage. Photography of operation field and patient tissues, during operation." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Create a compact narrative representing the image presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Flow of participants through the trial" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Present a compact description of the photo’s key features.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The expression of PLOD2, E-cadherin, Snail, and β-catenin in xenograft tumor of mice injected subcutaneously with sh-PLOD2 or sh-con U87 cells was detected by IHC" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Bayesian network displaying cytokine interrelationships associated with pup-free dams in vivo. Color coding of both nodes and edges is as described for Fig. 4. Symbols indicate if the nodal concentration bin was correctly categorized by in silico perturbation. ✓✓ - Correctly/closely categorized by PRL perturbation alone. ✓ - Correctly/closely categorized by PRL perturbation in combination with IL-12 (p40), IL-13 and MCP-1, or by any other single mediator perturbation. X – Not correctly categorized by any perturbation. * - Could not be evaluated due to being upstream of the perturbations performed" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The critical tension of rupture of DOPG/DOPC-GUVs using the electroporation technique. (a) The constant-electric-tension (σe)-dependent probability of rupture of the GUVs. (b) Bar chart of the anionic-lipid-fraction-dependent critical tension of rupture. (c) The normalized critical tension of rupture of the GUVs. The solid red line in (c) shows the best fit curve of eqn (15) using K = 0.35. The images in a–c have been adapted from ref. 117 with permission from European Biophysical Societies' Association, copyright 2020." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Present a compact description of the photo’s key features.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Number of collisions with glottis (n = 21): 5 failed attempts with the FSU and 2 failed attempts with the FSU-AIC" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write a terse but informative summary of the picture.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Distribution of overall life expectancy at age 65 by socioeconomic group for East and West German men in 1997, 2005 and 2016. LE65, life expectancy at age 65." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Analysis of methylation of p16 and MINT loci in colorectal cell lines. (A) For p16 promoter analysis, bisulphite-modified cell line DNA was amplified in separate reactions using primers specific for unmethylated (U) or methylated (M) template (methylation-specific PCR - MSP). Examples of methylated cell lines are T84 and RKO; these show amplification in the methylated reaction only. Presence of PCR product in both unmethylated and methylated reactions of HCT116 is indicative of partial methylation at p16. LIM1215 is shown as an example of a cell line unmethylated at p16. (B) For analysis of methylation at MINT loci, bisulphite-modified DNA was first PCR amplified using appropriate loci-specific primers, and then the PCR products were digested with restriction enzymes that only cut amplicons generated from the methylated template. MINT2 is shown as a representative MINT locus. Resistance to digestion indicates an unmethylated template. Shown are cell lines with partial methylation at MINT 2, CACO2 and RKO, a fully methylated cell line, COLO205, and an unmethylated cell line LIM1215. Undigested amplicons are shown in the last lane. Molecular weight (MW) marker in A and B is pUC19/MspI." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a brief description of the given image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Wavelet scattering spectrum transform." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "AF-IRGs enrichment analysis and Venn diagram. (A) GO enrichment analysis for AF-IRGs; (B) KEGG pathway enrichment analysis for AF-IRGs; (C) Venn diagram of overlapping miRNAs from predicted miRNAs and DE miRNAs in the GSE70887 dataset. (D) Venn diagram of overlapping mRNAs from AF-IRGs and predicted mRNAs." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Summarize the visual content of the image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "NPL grand-mean percent difference from NIST and combined NPL/NIST uncertainty." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Summarize the visual content of the image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Pearson correlation analysis of immune score and differentially expressed genes. There were 24 differentially expressed genes that had a strong correlation with immune score, with cor>0.8 and P<0.05." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed proteins. A Differential proteins are presented by the volcano plot. The vertical dotted lines represent proteins with a more than 1.5-fold increase (marked with red) or decrease (marked with blue), respectively. The gray dots are considered as no significant change, and horizontal dotted lines display cutoff P-value. B Heat map visualization of 69 differential proteins. The increased and decreased proteins are represented by a range of red and blue intensities, respectively" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Characterize the image using a well-detailed description\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "DIAMOND parameters and their evolution through time for one injured rat. The DIAMOND parameters include the fascicular axial (λ‖) and radial (λ⊥) diffusivities, and the fraction (fear) and diffusivity (dear) of the extra-axonal restricted compartment. The displayed axial slice has been selected between the lesion and the most rostral aspect of the region of interest. Grey matter has been masked out. The insets represent the dorsal roots where the axotomy was performed." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the image concisely.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Analysis of ultrafine fly ash (UFA). (a) Particle size analysis; (b) SEM image; (c) XRD pattern." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Narrate the contents of the image with precision\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Shoots multiplication during sub-culturing on; a MS medium having 5.0 mg/l BAP, bar 0.7 cm; b MS medium having 5.0 mg/l BAP with additional supplementation of 200 mg/l glutamine, 150 mg/l adenine sulphate and 100 mg/l phloroglucinol, bar 0.5 cm" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Render a clear and concise summary of the photo.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Inhibition zones of the U-LDH/CS samples and control against (a) E. coli.; (b) S. aureus; (c) P. cyclopium." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Positions of the variants residues included in this study on the KPC-2 enzyme. Positions that are substituted in variant enzymes are highlighted in red. The catalytic Ser70 is represented in yellow as a ball and stick model." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Compare of gene expression profiles in different immune/stromal score groups to identify DEGs. (A) Heatmap showing DEGs in high versus low Immune score groups. (B) Heatmap showing DEGs in high versus low Stromal score groups. (C) Heatmap showing DEGs in G1 (high immune score and low stromal score group) versus G2 (low immune and stromal score group, high immune and stromal score group, low immune score and high stromal score group)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Narrate the contents of the image with precision\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "DNA methylation in spermatozoa of OHFD analyzed by BS. DNA methylation of paternally imprinted gene H19 and maternally imprinted gene Peg3 was further analyzed by BS. All the samples were pooled together for each group. (A) represents H19 methylation status; the number shows the methylation%; (B) shows the methylation patterns of Peg3. Black circle, methylated; white circle, unmethylated; blank loci, CpG lost." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Narrate the contents of the image with precision\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Epitaxial-strain-induced phase transition in LNMO films. The in-plane lattice mismatch values between LNMO and a variety of substrates are given. For monoclinic phase, the value is the minimal in-plane lattice mismatch." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Display of experimental data corresponding to the four cases of valid paths from P38 and/or AKT to GSKα/β in Figure 5B. Red and green colors are for positive and negative values (log(x), where x is ratio of raw value at current time to the raw value at t = 0), respectively, with the darker color indicating larger magnitude. (A) None of the two edges are valid because the level of GSKα/β is changing in opposite direction to what the signals through the paths P38 → GSKα/β or AKT → GSKα/β would otherwise result in. (B) The effective signaling is through the path AKT → GSKα/β alone. (C) Only the path P38 → GSKα/β is valid. (D) Both paths are valid as indicated by the same color in each column for all rows. 1 min data was used for AKT and P38. 3 min data was used for GSKα/β." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Prevalence of risk factors for child pneumonia (2000–15) Data are from country-level Demographic and Health Surveys for the years closest to 2000 and 2015. Bold coloured lines indicate the proportion of children with the risk factor at the WHO regional level. Grey lines indicate the proportion of children with the risk factor at the country level." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Characterize the image using a well-detailed description\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "ISWI interacts in vivo with omega speckles. (A) Immunostaining for the ISWI protein (red) combined with FRISH for hsrω-n RNA (green) on wild type (w) salivary gland (SG) squashed nuclei shows omega speckles decorating polytene chromosome edges without any significant overlap with chromosome-bound ISWI. Arrowhead indicates the 93D cytologenetic location. (B) A magnified image of ISWI and hsrω-n signals corresponding to the white boxed area in A. (C) Immuno-FRISH confocal section of wild type (w) Malpighian tubule (MT) whole nucleus shows that ISWI (red) and hsrω-n (green) partially overlap (yellow areas) at several sites. DAPI stained DNA is in blue. (D) A magnified view of DAPI (blue), ISWI (red) and hsrω-n RNA (green) signals corresponding to the white boxed area in C shows typical examples of partial overlap (yellow, white arrowheads) between ISWI and hsrω-n RNA. (E) Double immunostaining for the ISWI (green) and Squid (red) proteins on w salivary gland (SG) squashed nucleus, shows that with the exception of a few sites, there is little overlap between the two proteins on polytene chromosomes. DAPI stained DNA is in blue. (F) A magnified image of Squid and ISWI signals corresponding to the white boxed area in E shows the few co-immunostained (yellow) regions (white arrows). (G) Double immunostained confocal section to show partial overlap between ISWI (green) and Squid (red) proteins in the nucleoplasm in w Malpighian tubule (MT) whole nucleus. The black empty area corresponds to the nucleolus. (H) A magnified image of Squid and ISWI signals corresponding to the white boxed area in G shows representative sites where ISWI and Squid proteins partially overlap (white arrows)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Concentration-mortality response (ng/cm2) of S. frugiperda neonates of a known susceptible population (SS-TX) and a population selected on Cry1F corn leaf tissue (pooled F3) to a diet overlay assay using Cry1F protein." } ]