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Shubhangi29

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llava_med_alignment_500k_chunk_2

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[ { "from": "human", "value": "Characterize the image using a well-detailed description\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The Generation of Single-Cell Clones Harboring the FBN1 Mutation by Cas9/sgRNA-Assisted Homologous Recombination (A) Schematic illustration of the experimental procedure for the generation and correction of pathogenic mutation. The left flowchart shows the pathogenic FBN1 mutation is first created by Cas9/sgRNA-assisted homologous recombination (HR) using an ssODN as a template in HEK293T cells; then the mutation is corrected by base editor. (B) Graphical representation of the Cas9/sgRNA-assisted HR. The T-to-C base substitution at exon 61 of the FBN1 gene located on chromosome 15 is achieved by Cas9/sgRNA-assisted HR using an ssODN as a template. The “A” highlighted in green at the sgRNA-targeted site was replaced by an “a” in lowercase in the template ssODN. The protospacer-adjacent motif (PAM) sequences are underlined; the targeting sequences are highlighted in red. (C) Detection of genome editing by T7EN1. The RNP was transfected into the HEK293T cells. Two days later, the cells were collected, and the DNA was extracted and used for analysis. (D) Genotype analysis of the single-cell clones with genome editing. The single cell was picked by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) after genome editing. The cell clones from the single cell were collected. The genomic DNA was extracted and amplified by PCR. TA clones of the PCR products were analyzed by DNA sequencing. The PAM sequences are underlined; the modified bases are highlighted in red; deletions (−), insertions (+); the left N/N represents the genotypes of two alleles of the single clone, and the right represents the clone number harboring the genotype among the total 22 single clones sequenced. The left #N indicated the serial number of the genotype. (E) The representative Sanger sequencing chromatogram of genomic DNA from the single clone harboring the homozygous mutation. The red star indicates the substituted base." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write a terse but informative summary of the picture.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Local stability of fixed points in the parameter space. For the region of interest, the stability of different fixed points is highlighted with different colors. See text for more details." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the following image in detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Production of CO2 by S. cerevisiae wild type (AWRI796 and EC1118) and recombinant strains (AWRI796can1 and EC1118can1) in oenological conditions. R, Cabernet Sauvignon must; W, Chardonnay must. Data are expressed by means of three replicates and standard deviation (±SD)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Short-term stability of Coumarin-DPPth LUCO LEDs. Normalized light output as a function of driving time for a white-emitting LUCO LED (capsule thickness 4.6 mm). A photograph of the device during the stability test is shown in the inset." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain the various aspects of the image before you\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "PTP4A3 overexpression in human OvCa is associated with poor survival, even in early stage disease. (A) High PTP4A3 expression was associated with poor survival in tumors from 98 patients with stage I/II serous OvCa. Red symbols and line represents the 48 tumor samples with high PTP4A3 expression and black symbols and line represent the 50 tumor samples with low PTP4A3 expression. Patients with low PTP4A3 gene expression showed almost double the length of overall survival: 81.2 vs. 44.3 months. p < 0.05. (B) Beeswarm plot showing high expression of PTP4A3 even in early stage OvCa patients. Red and black symbols are from Panel A. (C) High PTP4A3 expression is also associated with reduced survival in stage III/IV serous OvCa patents. Red symbols and line represents the 394 tumor samples with high PTP4A3 expression and black symbols and line represent the 629 tumor samples with low PTP4A3 expression. Patients with low PTP4A3 expression had an overall survival of 44.5 months compared to 36.8 months for patients with high PTP4A3 expressing tumors. p < 0.05. (D) Beeswarm plot showing high expression of PTP4A3 maintained in a significant population of patients in later stage disease. Red and black symbols are from Panel (C)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "ROC curves for different considered pretrained models: (a) VGG16; (b) ResNet50; (c) GoogLeNet; (d) Inception-v3; (e) Inception-v4; and (f) IR-v2." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The model of uracil-incorporation into DNA during G1, S, or G2 phases of the cell cycle. Dut1 level is higher and the ratio of [dUTP]/[dTTP] is lower in S phase compared to G1 or G2. A) Uracil-incorporation during replication in S phase. The replicative synthesis occurs in S phase; the extent of uracil-incorporation and the ensuing uracil-associated mutagenesis is minor due to the low [dUTP]/[dTTP]. B) Uracil-incorporation during the repair-associated DNA synthesis. In S-phase (middle), the repair synthesis induced by transcription-associated endogenous DNA damage is subject to the low [dUTP]/[dTTP]; the extent of uracil-incorporation and the ensuing uracil-associated mutagenesis is minor due to the low [dUTP]/[dTTP]. In G1 or G2 phase, the repair synthesis induced by transcription-associated endogenous DNA damage is subject to the relatively high [dUTP]/[dTTP]; the extent of uracil-incorporation and the ensuing uracil-associated mutagenesis is significant." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Covalent binding of biliverdin (BV) and phycocyanobilin (PCB) by full length AM1_5894D639G and AM1_5894ΔHK. (a) SDS-polyacrylamide gel of either full length AM1_5894D639G or AM1_5894ΔHK after incubation in the absence (Apo) or presence of either BV or PCB. Covalently bound chromophore was detected by Zn induced fluorescence (Zn). Closed arrows mark the fluorescent chromophore-protein complexes. Asterisks mark degradation products of the full length AM1_5894D639G which were not observed for the truncated construct. CBB, Coomassie brilliant blue. (b) BioSec2000 purification of assembled AM1_5894ΔHK with BV and with PCB. The assembled chromophore protein complexes have a retention time of approximately 7.8 min (c) on-line spectral comparison of BV- and PCB-assembled AM1_5894ΔHK from the BioSec2000 column at indicated retention times." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Bioplot for the correlation between volatile components and the E-nose sensor responses (1~38: the 38 selected compounds, the numbers are same as the selected compounds in Table 3)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Microbial community composition based on 16S rRNA gene analyses. Taxonomic assignment is made at order level. Labels on the horizontal axis indicate sample type (above the chart) and individual sample identity (below the chart). Sample types are divided into fracture feed water of the moonmilk deposit (FWMMT), fracture feed water of the Mn-oxide producing ecosystem FWYBST), fracture water that has passed through the biofilms down the approximately 2 m tall rock wall (FWYBSB), Mn-oxides and associated biofilm (YBS biofilm) and biofilm forming bubbles on the Mn-oxides (bubble biofilm)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a thorough analysis of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Intrinsic properties of cerebellar GABAergic neurons. (A) Electroresponsiveness of a Golgi cell. The neuron shows low-frequency pacemaking activity and, upon depolarizing current injection, high-frequency spike discharge. Spike discharges are followed by an afterhyperpolarization and a silent pause. Upon hyperpolarizing current injection, the Golgi cell shows sagging inward rectification, followed by a post-inhibitory rebound. Adapted from Forti et al. (2006). (B) Whole-cell current-clamp recording in rat cerebellar slices demonstrated that the spontaneously inactive LC was reversibly excited by serotonin (1 μM). Below, summary of the effect of serotonin on the firing frequency of a LC. Adapted from Dieudonné and Dumoulin (2000). (C) Cell-attached patch-clamp recording from a ML interneuron under control conditions and during the block of inhibition. Below, autocorrelation of action potential trains from the corresponding recordings. Note that the block of inhibition causes a marked increase in the regularity of firing. Adapted from Hausser and Clark (1997)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Performance comparison with different feature inputs for peptide detectability prediction on the test set from GPMDB." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the following image in detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Management strategies for the control of gorse within landscapes, depicting each management strategy in relation to the density of gorse covering the landscape (bottom left to top right) and the proportion of the overall land area occupied (bottom right to top left). Increasing plant density is generally synonymous with more invasive management techniques, ranging from spot spraying of individual plants to mechanical removal of large infestations. With the use of more invasive techniques, the negative impact on ecosystem services increases rapidly (“ecosystem impact”, bottom of figure), whilst the associated benefit-cost ratio (top of figure) declines." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a thorough analysis of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "S4‐2‐2 significantly induced A549 cell apoptosis, but not cell cycle. (A) The dot plot of apoptosis of A549 treated with S4‐2‐2 and DMSO by the flow cytometer. (B) The statistics data showed the ratio of apoptotic cells in early apoptosis, n = 3. (C) The flow cytometry curves showed the cell cycle phase of A549 cells incubated with DMSO (left) and S4‐2‐2 (right). (D) The statistics showed the cell cycle frequency of G1, S, and G2 of A549 cells treated with DMSO and S4‐2‐2, n = 3. The results are presented as means ± SD. A two‐tailed t‐test for group comparison in (B) and (D) ***p < .001, n.s. refers as no significant" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The results of the SVD method based on the Hankel matrix in the local frequency domain. (a) Profile after using the proposed method; (b) eliminated profile." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain the various aspects of the image before you\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Metabolic prediction of GWN and GW peptides originating from ovotransferrin. Graphics indicate (A-B) the bioavailability radars (C) the BOILED-Egg model of absorption and (D) key pharmacological properties of the two peptides. The canonical smiles of the two active peptides, GWN and GW, were generated using Open Babel software and processed using SwissADME along with appropriate control molecules. The program was run to obtain the BOILED-Egg results while the pharmacological data was obtained using CSV file provided by the software." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Summarize the visual content of the image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Dry-state tensile results of (a) MBYs vs. Y-0, (b) CWYs vs. Y-0 and (c) MBY-A vs. CWY-B." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Divalent cation rejection capacities for (a) NF90, (b) NF, and (c) NF270 at two different concentrations." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a concise interpretation of the image provided.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Testicular histopathology in men with azoospermia who underwent microdissection testicular sperm extraction." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain the various aspects of the image before you\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "(a) Sketch of a molecular interferometer: we use as reference the ionization signal retrieved upon interaction with a single pulse. This interaction leads to ionization, but it also excites the molecule. The excitation dynamics however can only be captured by introducing a second pulse (probe). A series of experiments introducing a second pulse with different time delays (, ) with respect to the first one is then performed. The probe pulse can ionize from the ground state or from the coherently populated excited states. Optical and quantum interferences are then imprinted in the measurable ionization signal. The electron wave packet created upon ionization by the pump pulse alone (i.e., our reference wave) interfere with the one resulting after the interaction with the probe, thus imprinting the information of the excitation dynamics in our signal. (b) Schematic representation of the energetics and the attosecond pump-probe scheme using 2-fs pulses with a carrier frequency of 14 eV. The interaction with the pump pulse creates a wave packet with components in the ground, excited (through 1-photon absorption) and ionized molecule (through 1 and 2-photon absorption processes). We include the realistic distributions of the nuclear wave packet components for pump and probe pulses with 2-fs duration, fs, and a time delay between them of 6 fs. (c) The interaction with the probe pulse creates a replica of the wave packet generated by the identical pump pulse, but also induces ionization from the evolving wave packet in the excited molecule." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a concise interpretation of the image provided.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Abdominal CT without contrast shows a 2-inch nail within the right kidney." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a brief description of the given image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Zeta potential as a function of pH for the Ce-ZrO2 prepared by hydrothermal (HYD) and sol–gel (SG) processes." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Characterize the image using a well-detailed description\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Expression of TNF-α and TNF-α receptor. Liver lysates obtained from the NZB/W F1 mice receiving PBS, NS1, VP1u or VP2 were probed with antibodies against (A) TNF-α and (B) TNF-α receptor. Bars represent the relative protein quantification of (A) TNF-α and (B) TNF-α receptor on the basis of β-actin. (C) Serum TNF-αwas determined with ELISA kit as described in materials and methods (S1). Similar results were observed in three independent experiments, and * indicates the significant difference, P<0.05." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Summarize the visual content of the image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Nutrient broth and thioglycollate broth bottles" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Present a compact description of the photo’s key features.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Air-coupled results on the aluminium stress-corrosion cracked plate, inspection conducted without metamaterial—amplitude plot of the excitation frequency." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Render a clear and concise summary of the photo.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Ratio cmax/SS (A) and specific sum SS (B) for 8 benzothiazole compounds." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "AFM images of 30-nm-thick Ag films scanned at RT. Samples deposited at (a) 295 K and (b) 170 K - the surface smoothness is influenced solely by thermal migration of atoms leading to continuous and almost uniform layers, (c) at 140 K - islands due to atom migration and deposition onto sapphire substrate covered with water ice nanocrystals are more pronounced, and (d) at 90 K - the surface smoothness is deteriorated by cracks that result from water ice crystal melting." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Runtime." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Unenhanced MRI (Balanced-TFE, Philips). (A) Total occlusion at the origin of the right renal artery. (B) Atrophy of the right kidney (right: 6.8 cm, left: 10.2 cm)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the following image in detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Cell adhesion and lysosome exocytosis-inducing properties of SAP-CE associated with T. cruzi metacyclic trypomastigote internalization. (A) Increasing amounts of the purified recombinant protein SAP-CE or GST were added to 96-well plates covered with HeLa cells. After fixation and washes in PBS, the cells were incubated with MAb-SAP (diluted 1∶100) and with anti-mouse IgG peroxidase conjugate. The bound protein was revealed by o-phenylenediamine. Values are the means ± standard deviations of triplicates. (B) HeLa cells were incubated for 30 min with or without the recombinant protein SAP-CE or GST (40 μg/mL) and then incubated with metacyclic forms. After incubation for 1 h, cells were washed in PBS, fixed, and stained with Giemsa. The number of internalized parasites was counted in 500 cells. The values represent the means ± standard deviations of three independent experiments performed in duplicate. SAP-CE significantly inhibited parasite invasion (*p<0.05). (C) Semi-confluent HeLa cell monolayers were incubated in absence or in the presence of GST or the purified recombinant protein SAP-CE (20 μg/mL) for 60 min. The supernatant was collected and the release of β-hexosaminidase measured. Exocytosis was expressed as a percentage of the total β-hexosaminidase activity (supernatant + cell extract). Values are the means ± standard deviations of four independent experiments performed in duplicate. β-hexosaminidase activity was significantly higher in the presence of SAP-CE (*p<0.05). (D) HeLa cells were incubated with or without the purified recombinant protein SAP-CE (20 μg/mL) and processed for indirect immunofluorescence using anti-Lamp-2 antibody and Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated anti-mouse IgG (green), phalloidin-TRITC (red) for actin visualization and DAPI (blue) for DNA. Scale bar, 10 µm." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the following image in detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Frequency of mild, moderate, and severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in three groups of study. HES: Hydroxyl ethyl starch. a: Difference between cabergoline and albumin groups, P = 0.033. b: Difference between albumin and hydroxyl ethyl starch groups, P < 0.001. c: Difference between cabergoline and hydroxyl ethyl starch groups, P = 0.031" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Narrate the contents of the image with precision\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Renal expression of MMP‐2 and TIMP‐1. (A) MMP‐2 mRNA expression is independent of Smad3 in 2‐month‐old mice in vivo (*P = 0.001 vs. TGF‐β1 mice) (n = 12–13/group). (B) MMP‐2 level in 2‐month‐old mice (n = 3–5/group). (C) MMP‐2 mRNA expression is independent of Smad3 in 4‐month‐old mice in vivo (*P < 0.05 vs. TGF‐β1 mice) (n = 9–10/group). (D) Overexpression of TGF‐β1 increases the MMP‐2 level in 4‐month‐old Smad3 KO mice (*P = 0.02) (n = 5–7/group). The values from the Smad3 KO non‐TGF‐β1 mice are considered as 100%. (E) In 2‐month‐old animals TIMP‐1 mRNA expression is increased in Smad3 WT TGF‐β1 mice (*P < 0.05 vs. Smad3 WT TGF‐β1) (n = 10/group). (F) In 4‐month‐old mice the TIMP‐1 mRNA expression is elevated in both Smad3 WT TGF‐β1 and Smad3 KO TGF‐β1 (*P < 0.05) (n = 9–10/group). (G) Zymogram gel: lane 1: negative control; lane 2 and lane 6–9: Smad3 KO TGF‐β1 mice; lane 3–5: Smad3 KO non‐TGF‐β1 mice; lane 10: MMP‐2 (72 kDa) and ‐9 (92 kDa) standards. MMP‐2, Matrix metalloproteinase‐2; TIMP‐1, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase‐1." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Walk through the important details of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "(A) Scheme for generating Epg5 knockout mice. HSVTK, herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase; Neo, neomycin. (B) Epg5 protein and the wild-type copy of Epg5 are absent in Epg5 mice. There is an intervening lane between Epg5 and Epg5 lanes in the Western blot. (C) Body weight curves of Epg5 and Epg5 males. Means ± SEM of 12 mice are shown. (D) Time spent on a rotarod. The horizontal lines indicate mean times. (E) Epg5 males show gradually worsening limb-clasping reflexes. (F) The hindquarters of Epg5 mice are completely paralyzed at 10 mo of age. (G) Spinal deformation in an Epg5 male at 10 mo of age. (H) Epg5 females gradually develop the limb-clasping phenotype." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Comparison of the etiology of liver cirrhosis between (A) 2002 and (B) 2011. In hospitalized patients, alcoholism was the most common cause of liver cirrhosis, followed by hepatitis B infection. HCV, hepatitis C virus; HBV, hepatitis B virus." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Schematic and dimensions of single-lap MB-FML ABJs." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Characterize the image using a well-detailed description\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Apoptosis in colon cancer induction by Plasmodium infection. a Apoptosis was observed under a fluorescence microscope (×400). b Quantitative estimation of the proportion of apoptotic cells in each group (t-test, t(8) = 22.31, P < 0.0001). Green fluorescence indicates the TUNEL-positive nuclei, blue represents DAPI stained nuclei, and a blend indicates apoptotic cells. The results are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 5). Scale bar = 50 µm. **** P < 0.0001" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a brief description of the given image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Summary graphs based on all swallows showing state distributions across two esophageal regions and both body positions, separated according to bolus type (Liquid vs. Semi-Solid)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Walk through the important details of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Kings River basin annual (water year, Oct-Sep) water balance by elevation for (a) pre-drought (2008–11) and (b) drought (2012–15) years. Height of bar above zero line indicates runoff (Q), height below zero line indicates evapotranspiration (ET), stippled area indicates annual precipitation (P) and red shaded area indicates amount of annual ET coming from regolith storage, calculated as ET in excess of annual precipitation. ET estimated from MODIS and P from PRISM data. See Figure S3 for values of P, ET and P-ET by year, by elevation band." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a brief description of the given image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Logic gate INHIBIT. Adapted from Reference [129]. Copyright © 2020, American Chemical Society." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Examine the image closely and share its details\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The instrumental summer mean temperatures roughly cover the bandwidth of centennial mean temperatures for the last 10,500 years (a), so that measured mass balance (a) and thickness changes between 1893 and 2018 (b) constrain the conditions needed for the existence of glacier ice and a continuous ice core record at WSS (c). Almost balanced conditions, as found in 2020 and between 1893 and 1914, are the minimum requirement for a continuous stratigraphic record, with mass losses of 2017, 2018, 2019, and between 1914 and 2018 resulting in significant ice losses with decadal means of up to 60% of the total length of the ice core in 2017—and therefore must have been rare and/or discontinuous during the length of the record, as today’s accumulation rates can hardly compensate potential ice losses. Therefore, it is not only the onset of neoglaciation which allows us to relate the individual mass loss/balance/gain to the climatic conditions, but also the existence of record gaps in the individual cores at different altitudes. (b) Comparing the datings of the onset of glaciation at different elevations (O Ortler, WSS Weißseespitze, CT Chli Titlis, SG Schladminger Gletscher) with dated remnants previous to the glaciation (IO Iceman Ötzi, SJ3 Schnidejoch 3) and type localities like the Oberfernau bog allows an altitude-specific sampling of climate events as periods of ice melt and formation once an empirical relation between local mass balance (c, see the data in Table 2) and climate (a) can be established based on a larger ensemble of summit data." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Present a compact description of the photo’s key features.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "(A) Angiogram showing abrupt occlusion of the left brachial artery. (B) Filling defect in the left subclavian artery. (C) Brain MRI showing large left cerebellar infarct." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Network frequency and SD on the gAMPA-gie plane without slow NMDA current. As gAMPA increases, the network exhibits a sudden transition into fast oscillations beyond theta range." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The FTIR spectrum of (a) BH, (b) acid-Mt, (c) Mt-BH, (d) BMEM, (e) Eudragit RL100, and (f) Eudragit RS100. Abbreviations: Acid-Mt, montmorillonite treated with acid; BH, betaxolol hydrochloride; BMEM, betaxolol hydrochloride encapsulated microsphere; FTIR, Fourier transform infrared; Mt, montmorillonite; Mt-BH, betaxolol hydrochloride loaded into montmorillonite." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a detailed description of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Vertical profiles of chemical and physical parameters in the center of the water column. (A) Temperature and irradiance. Irradiance is plotted on a logarithmic scale. (B) PH and Salinity. (C) Dissolved oxygen and ORP, oxidation-reduction potential. (D) Dissolved sulfide and sulfate shown as mean concentrations (n = 3); error bars represent the standard deviation. The halo-chemocline is indicated by the dashed line at 25 m." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a thorough analysis of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "H3K9me2 islands are in 3D contacts with PCH domains. (A) Genomic distribution and average H3K9me2 enrichment level of H3K9me2 islands with (green) and without (gray) 3D interactions with PCH (blue). (B) The percentage of Hi-C reads coming from PCH regions on a particular chromosome (y-axis) is compared between H3K9me2 islands on the same (orange) or other (white) chromosomes. Replicate 1 is shown and see for replicate 2. (C) Locations of H3K9me2 islands and TEs (see below) chosen for FISH analysis. Euchromatin (gray), PCH (blue). (D) Representative slice images of nuclei stained with DAPI (DNA, blue) and FISH probes for EU1 (Oligopaint probe, yellow) and PCH (AAGAG, pink). Also see . (E, F) Boxplot (E) and histogram (F) showing the 3D distance between PCH and indicated euchromatic regions on optical sections (with PCH interaction = green, without = gray). In (E), the numbers of nuclei counted are in parentheses. In (F), the threshold for nuclei with overlapping foci is denoted with a dashed line, and the percentages denote nuclei with overlapping foci. In (B, E) Centerlines: median, box limits: upper and lower quartile. Points: outliers. * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Present a compact description of the photo’s key features.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "(A) A Scatter plots showing relationship between web camera-determined IBI and ECG-derived interbeat interval (IBI). (B) IBI Bland–Altman plot. ECG, electrocardiogram; SD, standard deviation." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Render a clear and concise summary of the photo.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Image fusion. (a) The product of MRI and final decision map. (b) The product of PET and complementary set of final decision map. (c) Final fusion image." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Characterize the image using a well-detailed description\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sensitivity and resistance of bacteria to antibiotics: (a) Escherichia coli; (b) Pseudomonas aeruginosa; (c) Klebsiella pneumonia; (d) Proteus mirabilis. AKN—amikacin, AMC—amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, AMP—ampicillin, CAZ—ceftazidime, CFM—cefixime, CIP—ciprofloxacin, CMN—clindamycin, CTX—cefotaxime, CXM—cefuroxime, CXN—cephalexin, FEP—cefepime, FTN—nitrofurantoin, GEN—gentamicin, LVX—levofloxacin, MEM—meropenem, NXN—norfloxacin, OXA—oxacillin, SXT—cotrimoxazole, TCC—ticarcillin with clavulanic acid, TET—tetracycline, TMP—trimethoprim TZP—piperacillin with tazobactam." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The UCSC Cancer Genomics Browser An example of analysis focused on the EGFR genomic region that is conducted concurrently on various oncogenomic data across different cancer types and subtypes. A. Small-scale images (icons) of selected datasets that are simultaneously visualized in the browser. Datasets represented by icons are displayed in a column, similar to the datasets from panels B-D. B. A heatmap panel that presents the results of the TCGA genome-wide copy number analysis of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) samples. A screenshot of the GBM dataset was used for presentation, based on the presence of considerable amplification of the genomic region that spans the representative EGFR. Each horizontal line (track) represents a specific sample. The red or blue colors indicate, respectively, a gain or loss in the copy number. On the right side of panel B, there is a drop-down list with epidemiological, clinical, and molecular attributes that can be used to sort the presented data (as shown in panel D). C. The TCGA copy number data identified in patients with GBM visualized as a proportions plot. D. A heatmap panel showing the results of TCGA analysis of gene expression in lung cancer samples in the genes that are indicated above (e.g., EGFR). Red and green colors indicate, respectively, upregulation and downregulation of the relative gene expression. The samples are sorted by epidemiological, clinical, and molecular attributes (selected from a drop-down list of attributes), as in panels B and C, shown on the right side of the expression panel. The copy number and expression data presented in panels B-D correspond to the same genomic region indicated above panel B. E. Kaplan-Meier plots generated using the attributes of lung cancer samples (shown in the right side of panel D)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Create a compact narrative representing the image presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Specific heat capacity of IL aqueous solution and ionanofluids with various concentrations of Ti3C2." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Summarize the visual content of the image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The surfaces (a) ΔU(r,T) and (b) –TΔS(r,T) calculated for the region 2.2 < r < 6 Å via the separation of the potential of mean force W+–(r)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write a terse but informative summary of the picture.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (A) and IgE immunoblot (B) of wild-type and GM soybean extracts." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Narrate the contents of the image with precision\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Human IL-6 mRNA (IL6) expression (relative to 18s) in BEAS-2B cells treated with S1–S4 soot at 3.125 µg/mL (A) or 12.5 µg/mL (B) for 6 h. The graphs summarize data from three independent experiments (n = 3 replicates per experiment), with results normalized to controls (exposed to methanol) and expressed as mean ± SEM. a: different from control and S1 (p < 0.001), b: different from S2 (p < 0.05), c: different from control. One-way ANOVA (p < 0.001, F (3, 8) = 25.7)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Walk through the important details of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Unrooted trees showed the phylogenetic relationships among the 35 studied Yersinia pestis isolates inferred from sequence analysis of the combination of the eight intergenic spacers by using the parsimony (A), neighbor-joining (B), and maximum likelihood method (C)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a detailed description of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "(a) Cell viability from day 1 to 7 in growth media supplemented with either FBS, autologous serum (Auto), autologous serum with M-CSF/IL-3 (Auto+WF) or FBS and M-CSF/IL-3 (FBS+ WF). (b) Cell viability from day 7 to 14. No significant changes in cell viability could be detected. (c) Cell viability on days 7 and 14 in endothelial cell conditioning medium after previous cultivation in OD_Auto (10% autologous serum from the corresponding donor), AU-WF (OD_Auto supplemented with 5 ng ml−1 M-CSF and 0.4 ng ml−1 IL-3), OD_FBS (standard medium with 10% FBS or OD_FBS_WF (OD_FBS supplemented with 5 ng ml−1 M-CSF and 0.4 ng ml−1 IL-3). A significant decrease in cell viability compared with day 1 values can be seen for all cultured cells. Statistically significant increases in cell viability are indicated by an asterisk (‘*'). OD, optical density." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Current and future strategies for male fertility preservation. Blue arrows indicate normal spermatogenesis; orange arrows indicate clinical applications; grey continuous arrows indicate experimental phases; grey dotted arrows indicate possible future developments. SSCs: Spermatogonial stem cells; MSCs: Mesenchymal stem cells; iPSCs: Induced pluripotent stem cells; ESCs: Embryonic stem cells; USCs: Urine-derived stem cells; EVs: Extracellular vesicles." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Examine the image closely and share its details\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Robust and prolonged endogenous FOXP3 upregulation in Jurkat cells. a, b Jurkat cells were electroporated with plasmids encoding control sgRNA (rnd), sgRNA for FOXP3 upregulation (Fox 1, 14, 15, 17 and 18; sequences in Table 1), sgRNA for EOS upregulation, sgRNA for FOXP3 upregulation in combination with an additional candidate gene (CTLA4, GATA3, GATA1, EOS, RELA, RELC, LEF1, IRF4; sequences listed in Table 2) and fold activation of exogenic FOXP3, Cas9, CD25, TNFR2, ICOS and IKZF2 were measured. Experiments were repeated 3 times. Cells were lysed and RNA isolated 48 h post electroporation c, d Jurkat cells were electroporated with either a plasmid encoding FOXP3 under the control of a CMV reporter (CMV-FOXP3) or plasmids for upregulation of endogenous FOXP3 via CRISPR–dCas9 (sgRNA FOXP3) or a pcDNA3 control vector. Fold activation and protein expression were measured on days 1, 4, 6 and 8 post electroporation" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain the various aspects of the image before you\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Mathematical modeling of strain field in a compressed spheroid. (A) Fluorescent image of a spheroid stained with Calcium 6 (top panel) and automated segmentation of the image (bottom panel) to determine the thickness of the visible region. (B) Finite element model geometry (left panel) and mesh (right panel). (C) Color map of MPS in spheroid at 50% compression, mapped on to the undeformed geometry. LE, logarithmic strain. (D) MPSvisible and MPSwhole for various compression ratios (solid lines represent the fourth order polynomial fit with R2>0.99)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Present a compact description of the photo’s key features.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Endoscopic necrosectomy—endoscopic view of cyst cavity with necrotic debris being removed by a standard Roth Net." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Laminar-wise “reafference shift” from monkey to human. (A) Laminar origin of connections is related to the cytology of the areas, specifically to soma size of the projection neurons in upper and deep layers (Goulas et al. 2018). Areas with connections emanating predominantly from deep layers (e.g., rostral temporal pole) tend to host projection neurons with larger soma size in deep compared with upper layers (interno-pyramidal areas). Areas with connections emanating predominantly from upper layers (such as peripheral visual areas) tend to host projection neurons with larger soma size in upper compared with deeper layers (externo-pyramidal areas). Areas with a more laminar-balanced origin of connections (e.g., frontal pole) also exhibit a more balanced soma size of projection neurons in upper and deeper layers (equipyramidal areas). (B) Qualitative observations indicate that the human cerebral cortex, relative to the monkey cortex, and presumably to other primates, exhibits a higher proportion of externo-pyramidal to interno-pyramidal areas (Sanides 1962, 1970; Sanides and Krishnamurti 1967). Due to the relation of cytology and laminar origin of connections, such cytological changes may denote a shift of the origin of long-range connections to upper layers in the human brain. Drawings modified from Goulas et al. (2018)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Mortalidad proporcional por causas seleccionadas. Cuba, 1990 y 2015a a Porcentaje que representan las causas seleccionadas en relación con el total de muertes registradas en Cuba en cada año escogido. En el caso de las enfermedades crónicas de las vías respiratorias inferiores, el período estudiado corresponde a 2001–2015." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Present a compact description of the photo’s key features.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "(a) Melting curves and (b) crystallization curves of PE, SEBS/PE, and Ac-SEBS/PE." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a detailed description of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Endocytosed V. splendidus is further cleared via lysosome degradation. (A) Analysis of the V. splendidus clearance ability of AjNLRC4. Each dot represents a group. The horizontal bars represent the medians. (B) Colocalization of ingested V. splendidus and lysosomes. Twenty-four hours after the injection of 40 μM CLQ, FITC-labeled V. splendidus was injected into sea cucumbers. After another 3 h, coelomocytes were collected, incubated with LysoBrite Red to label the lysosomes, stained with DAPI and then observed under a laser-scanning confocal microscope. Scale bar = 5 μm. (C) Effect of chloroquine (CLQ) on the cell viability of sea cucumbers. Sea cucumbers were treated with increasing concentrations of CLQ for 24 h, and the cell viability was calculated. The graphs are representative of three independent assays, and the proportions were calculated from those three assays, *p < 0.01. (D) The relative number of intracellular V. splendidus after CLQ injection was determined by internalization assay. The values are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3). The asterisks indicate significant differences: *p < 0.05." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "β and α distributions for myoV-6IQ and myoV-4IQ. Histograms of the βP and αP angles were collected from the mean angles in states that were visited during individual runs of myoV-6IQ (top: n = 73 molecules and states = 515) and myoV-4IQ (bottom: n = 49 molecules and states = 246). The beginning and end of each dwell were defined by the transitions in β. Histograms are normalized so that the total area of the distribution is equal to one. (A) β distributions: Each of these distributions was best fit by a bimodal Gaussian equation; the resulting parameters are given in Table 2. (B) α distributions." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Association between the kinetics of changes in serum levels of cytokines with prognosis in patients with COVID-19 and trauma. The heat map shows the kinetics of changes in serum IFN-α/β (82–86), IFN-γ (86–89), IL-1α (86, 90), IL-1β (86, 90), IL-6 (30, 80, 91), TNF-α (26, 86, 92), IL-10 (26, 80, 91) and IL-4 (86, 92) levels during 18 days after admission in COVID-19 and trauma patients associated with poor and good prognoses. COVID-19 patients with an increased risk of mortality, MOF, severe-to-critical forms of the disease, intensive care unit admission, and/or hospitalization are defined as a poor prognosis for the disease. Conversely, patients with the opposite are defined as having a good prognosis for the COVID-19. AT, admission time; d, day; h, hour; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; MOF, multiple organ failure; TNF, tumor necrosis factor." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Present a compact description of the photo’s key features.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Schematic of the calcination apparatus." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a detailed description of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 94.27% to discriminate between GI-NG and GII-PG based on principal component analysis of FDT Matrix perimetry and 3D OCT-2000. Abbreviations: FDT, frequency doubling technology; GI-NG, group I or nonglaucoma group; GII-PG, group II or glaucoma suspect group." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Narrate the contents of the image with precision\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) is present in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs); (A) CCR2 is present in MSCs as indicated by Western blot; (B) The presence of CCR2 in MSCs is confirmed by flow cytometry analysis." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "MHV68 and Plasmodium co-infection results in defective splenic T follicular helper (Tfh) response. The timeline and experimental set up was identical to that shown in Fig 1A. (A) Representative flow plots for gating strategies used to define the global Tfh population (CD4+ PD-1+ CXCR5+), germinal center Tfh (CD4+ GL7+ CXCR5+) and activated/antigen specific Tfh (CD4+ CD44+ PD-1+ CXCR5+). (B) Absolute values for all three Tfh subsets are plotted for the P. yoelii XNL (Day 23, all Tfh subsets, P. yoelii vs. co-infected, p<0.05 Mann Whitney U-test) or (C) P. chabaudi co-infection models at multiple time points (Day 23, all Tfh subsets, P. chabaudi vs. co-infected, p<0.05 Mann Whitney U-test)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the image concisely.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Example for a case entry" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a detailed description of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "M3814 in combination with DNA-damaging agents in P53 wild-type ovarian cancer cell line model. Xenograft experiments were performed with A2780 cell lines in athymic nude mice. Etoposide (A–C), doxorubicin (Adriamycin)(D–F), and PLD (Doxil) (G–I) were administered alone or in combination with M3814 once tumors reached approximately 100 mm3 and tumor volume was measured twice weekly. A, D, and G show tumor volume of individual mice over the course of treatment for single or combination therapy. B, E, and H show average tumor volume at treatment endpoint. One-way ANOVA, n = 7 mice per treatment group. C,F and I show mouse weights during the experiment." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a concise interpretation of the image provided.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Preoperative three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) and postoperative radiographs in case 1." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Upregulation of glycolipid processing proteins during accelerated senescence. (a) Heat map showing proteomics and transcriptomics data for glycolipid processing genes upregulated in senescence, including subcategories of galectins, glycan processing proteins, and sphingolipid-ceramide metabolism. (b) Chromogenic staining of glycolipid processing enzymes GLB1, FUCA1/2, HEXA/B, and MAN1/2 using indolyl enzyme substrates as indicated. (c) Flow cytometric analysis of cell surface expression of galectins LGALS3 and LGALS9 on etoposide-treated senescent cells (S, red) and proliferating cells (P, black). (d) Western blot showing upregulation of sphingolipid-ceramide pathway proteins GBA, SGPP1, and SMPD1 in senescent (S) compared to proliferating (P) and quiescent (Q) cells. Equal loading indicated by total protein stain (Ld Ctrl)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Walk through the important details of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Demembranated sperm contains γ-tubulin. (A) Sequence alignment of the variable region of human γ-tubulin 1 and γ-tubulin 2 and Xenopus laevis γ-tubulin, showing residues 334–451 of the C terminal region. Bold letters indicate differences. (B, C) The localization of γ-tubulin, histone 3, γ-tubulin ring complex (Xgrip109) and centrosome (centrin and αTub) were immunofluorescence stained in demembranated sperm (n = 5) with an anti-γ-tubulin antibody that was produced either in rabbit (γ-TubR; T3320) or mouse (γ-TubM; ab27074). (Da) Total lysates of egg extract and demembranated sperm were analyzed by western blotting with the indicated antibodies (n = 3; T3320). An actin and α-tubulin loading controls are shown. (Db) The indicated amount of egg extract (egg) and demembranated sperm (sperm) was analyzed by western blotting with the indicated antibodies (n = 6; T3320). An α-tubulin loading control is shown. (E) The anti-γ-tubulin antibody produced in rabbit or mouse (T3320 and ab27074) were preincubatd for 2 h with Ni2+ affinity resin (control) or with Ni2+ affinity resin associated with His6-tagged γ-tubulin (absorb. His6-γ-Tub) before immunofluorescence staining the sperm. In (B, C, E) γ-tubulin is shown as green and histone 3 as red and nuclei as blue (DAPI). In (C) Xgrip109 and γTub are shown as green and red, respectively. Scale bars, 10 μm." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write a terse but informative summary of the picture.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Particle size image of KaempeferolNps (DNP 7)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Measurement of Epicardial Fat Thickness" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Narrate the contents of the image with precision\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Forest plots depicting the results of the subgroup analysis of the prevalence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Assigned Males at Birth (AMAB) trans people by length of estrogen therapy. The pooled prevalence estimate was calculated separately for studies enrolling AMAB under estrogen therapy for (A) more and (B) less than 53 months. Diamonds indicate the overall summary estimates and width of the diamonds represents the 95% confidence interval (CI); boxes indicate the weight of individual studies in the pooled results." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Clinical characteristics of Curvularia keratitis and microbiological identification from corneal scraping specimens. (A) Curvularia keratitis showing a raised lesion, feathery edge, and macroscopic central pigmentation; (B) cultivation on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar at 28 °C shows black velvety colony; (C) 10% KOH mount showing fungal hyphae, magnification 400; (D) fluorescent microscopic picture was taken after calcofluor white staining, magnification 400; (E,F) microscopic examination of the slide culture shows curved macroconidia with central enlargement, at 100 and 400 magnifications." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Double immunohistochemical staining of podoplanin (red phosphatase staining) and vimentin (brown peroxidase staining). A number of cancer cells expressed podoplanin and vimentin (black arrows). Podoplanin expression is observed at the cell membranes of carcinoma cells (red arrows). (A) Low power magnification (×40) and (B) high power magnification (×100)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Narrate the contents of the image with precision\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "ACPA subgroups can be defined by different binding patterns to neutrophils and NETs. Immunofluorescence staining of ACPA mAb binding to neutrophils and NETs. (A) Ionomycin (4 h, 1 μM) activated murine ECoM-G differentiated neutrophil cells. (B) Primary human neutrophils that were control stimulated (medium) or stimulated with PMA (4 h, 50 nM) or ionomycin (4 h, 1 μM). ACPA mAb binding to permeabilized and fixed cells was evaluated at 5 μg/ml using hIgG1 versions for murine cell binding and murine chimeric IgG2a mAbs for human cell experiments. ACPA IgG binding is visualized in green and nucleus in blue. The figure shows representative images from three repeated experiments." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Thermal efficiency plotted against the ratio ASC/DC for the three sets of thermodynamic cycle improvements. The ASC/DC values of the basic Brayton and Rankine cycles are highlighted by the red and blue dotted lines." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Dicer repression by miR-103 and miR-107 in hypoxia. Expression of miR-103 and miR-107 were examined in MCF7 cells, after exposure to 0.1% O2 for different durations. A, miR-103 expression in MCF7 cells after hypoxia (0.1% O2 for 16, 24 and 48 h) vs. normoxia (P = 0.03). B, miR-107 expression in MCF7 cells after hypoxia (0.1% O2 for 16, 24 and 48 h) vs. normoxia (P = 0.04). * denotes p < 0.05 compared with parallel controls. Data represent normalized mean ± S.E (error bars) (n = 3). miRNA levels were analysed by q-RT PCR and normalised to U6 levels. Statistical significance established by Student’s t-test. Dicer expression was examined after transient transfection with miR-103/107 inhibitors and exposure to hypoxia vs. normoxia. C, Dicer protein expression after transfection of MCF7 cells with miR-103/107 inhibitors or control inhibitors and exposure to hypoxia (0.1% O2 for 48 h) vs. normoxia. Results show three technical replicates per treatment. Dicer and α-actinin protein levels were examined by immunoblotting. α-actinin was used as the loading control." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Risk ratio of ICU admission based on stratification of CAC scores. (A) depicts risk in low CAC vs. high CAC with total of three studies analyzed with 95% confidence interval. Test for overall effect: Z = 0.23, p = 0.82. (B) depicts risk in absence of CAC vs. the presence of CAC with total of three studies analyzed with 95% confidence interval. Test for overall effect: Z = 0.88, p = 0.38." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a detailed description of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Plot of changes of the urinary metabolic ratio of 1β-OH-DCA/ToDCA from baseline in healthy male volunteers before, during, and after the repeated administration of ITZ (100 mg od; n = 10), FKZ (50 mg od; n = 9) and APZ (1 mg od; n = 8)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the following image in detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Characteristics of gel-phase conidiophores in A. fumigatus. Pictures of gel-phase conidiophores were taken from slide culture (see Figure S2) of strain AF293 embedded in GMM agar media from 48 to 120 hour after inoculation. Bars = 50 µm. (A) Time lapse tracking of a conidiophore developing secondary conidiophores. Elongated phialides (black arrowheads) and secondary conidiophores (white arrowheads) were observed at 78 hour and 96 hour after inoculation, respectively. (B) Time lapse tracking of embedded phialides associated with a vesicle (v). An extensively elongated phialide than the others (at 120 hour) is marked with black arrowheads. (C-E) Various morphologies of conidiophores in the gel-phase environment. (F-G) Conidiophores in transition stage between gel and air (basal stalks are embedded; but vesicles, phialides and conidia are exposed to air). Arrows indicates boundary interface between aerial and agar layer." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Ex-vivo myocardial infarct size expressed as a percentage of the risk zone. (A) There was no difference in myocardial infarct to area at risk ratio (I/R%) in hearts perfused with buffer containing glucose at either 5, 7, 9, or 11 mmol/L. *P < 0.05. N ≥ 6/group. (B) Perfusion of isolated rat hearts with buffer containing GLP-1 reduced myocardial infarct to area at risk ratio (I/R%) in hearts perfused with buffer containing glucose at 7, 9, or 11 mmol/L but not at 5 mmol/L. *P < 0.05. N ≥ 6/group." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a brief description of the given image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Emission spectra of the mixtures of Eu(III) complexes and phosphine oxides in a fluorinated solvent (2, 3-dihydrodecafluoropentane)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain the various aspects of the image before you\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "(A) Study design. Timeline showing the six experimental groups. Germ-free parent (P) mice were colonized with human microbiota (HM) or mouse microbiota (MM) inoculum when 6 weeks old and received animal source (AS) diet, human profile (HP) diet or control (C) diet from the day of arrival in our facility. After 1 week of acclimatization, P mice were bred. When F1 pups were born, the microbiota colonization was re-inforced by applying the inoculum to the abdomen of the lactating dams. Fecal samples for 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis were sampled at two time points (T1, T2) for P and F1, respectively: P-T1, 1 week post-colonization, or 7 weeks of age; P-T2, 10 weeks post-colonization, or 16 weeks of age; F1-T1, 4 weeks of age; F1-T2, 6 weeks of age. (B) Macronutrient composition of the three diets used in the study. The C diet was Altromin #1320 maintenance diet for rats and mice, and the AS and HP diets were based on the C diet recipe. Kcal% = percentage of kilocalories coming from carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Gm% = percentage in grams of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Summarize the visual content of the image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Summary of the study design." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a concise interpretation of the image provided.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Schematic of GPS processing" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sesamin modulated the UVB-mediated Smad 3 and Smad 7 expression in human skin fibroblasts. ### p < 0.001: Significant difference versus non-irradiation group. *** p < 0.001: Significant difference versus non-treatment group." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Render a clear and concise summary of the photo.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Flowchart of literature search for selection of trials" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Present a compact description of the photo’s key features.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Myofascial pattern: increased turns-amplitude analysis with a horizontal point cloud" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Parametric study of Antipodal Vivaldi Antennas (AVA) antenna: (a) lf (): feed line length, wf (): feed line width, (b) lp, and wp (, are the patch’s length and width (dimensions are given in mm)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "SFX impairs sEV secretion through interfering with the ESCRT-dependent MVE biogenesis. a Heatmap of the selected transcriptome of SFX-treated MDA-MB231 cells compared to untreated control cells. Heatmap represents probe sets for transcripts expressed at significantly higher or lower levels after exposure to 100 μM SFX, respectively (FC = ±1.3 p value = 0.05). n = 3. b Advanced bubble chart shows enrichment of differentially expressed genes in the indicated signaling pathways. The x-axis label indicates gene ontology (GO) biological processes, and the y-axis label represents p value. c qRT-PCR analysis of various genes in 24 h SFX-treated MDA-MB231 (upper) and 6 h SFX-treated SK-MEL-28 human melanoma cells (lower). n = 3. d Immunoblot for the indicated proteins in MDA-MB231 cells. Beta-actin and Lamin B were used as loading controls for cell lysates and nuclear fraction, respectively. Right, Analysis of the relative protein intensity of proteins measured using a densitometer system. n = 3. Experiments were performed with 95% confluent cells. Significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test. ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.005 and *p < 0.05. Error bar, SD. Source data (c, d) are provided as a Source Data file" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "miR-H6 decreased ICP4 protein expression in HSV-1-infected HCE cells. HCE cells were transfected with miR-H6 mimics and mock RNA and then infected with MOI 0.1 of HSV-1 24 h posttransfection. The staining of ICP4 protein in HCE cells at 12 h p.i. (a) and at 24 h p.i. (b) TRITC labeled the antibody-stained ICP4 (red, left) and the hoechst-dyed nucleus (blue, middle). Images of ICP4 and the nucleus were merged (right), scalebar: 20 μm. (c) The ICP4 band was determined by Western blot. (d) Quantitative analysis of bands in (c). Significantly lower levels of ICP4 in HCE cells transfected with miR-H6 (*P < 0.05, miR-H6 versus mock or HSV-1 alone)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the following image in detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Immunolocalization of TRPM5 in taste buds of mouse papillae vallatae. The TRPM5-specific antibody Ab-321 recognizes TRPM5 transiently expressed in HEK 293 cells. (A) Western blot analysis of total lysates of mock- (line 1), TRPM5- (line 2) and YFP-TRPM5- (line 3) transfected HEK 293 cells. Positions of TRPM5- and YFP-TRPM5-specific bands are indicated by arrowheads. (B) Overlay of confocal and corresponding differential interference contrast (DIC) images of immunofluorescence staining of HEK 293 cells transiently expressing wild-type TRPM5. (C-E) Immunohistochemistry of taste buds using a TRPM5-specific antibody at lower (C) and higher magnifications (D, E). Notably, TRPM5 is predominantly localized on the basolateral surface of cells (indicated by the arrow in (D, E)). (F) Lack of TRPM5 immunoreactivity in taste receptors after preincubation of the TRPM5-specific antibody with the immunization peptide. (G-I) Fluorescent labeling of taste buds with the TRPM5-specific antibody (E) and the UEA lectin (H) and overlay of both with corresponding DIC image (I). Note that only a subset of cells in the taste bud is enriched in TRPM5. In the TRPM5-positive cells, TRPM5 is mainly localized on the basolateral cell surface and absent in microvilli (as indicated by an arrow (G, H, I)). Scale bars are 20 μm each." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Create a compact narrative representing the image presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Deviant peer affiliation as a moderated mediator between parental behavioral control and victimization. Note. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Walk through the important details of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Hypoxia-induced expression of EMT-related proteins in vitro. BxPc-3 and Capan-2 CSClow and MIA-PaCa2, AsPC-1 and Capan-1 CSChigh cells were exposed to normoxia or hypoxia for 48 h. Expression of EMT-related proteins was detected by double immunofluorescent staining followed by photographing the cells under 400x magnification. The size of pictures taken was further increased threefold in Photoshop. E-cadherin (red), Twist 2 (green), Slug (red), Vimentin (green), ZEB1 (red). Nuclei are stained with Dapi (blue). Changes in the levels of EMT-related proteins are shown below the photographs. No expression detectable (−), weak expression (+), median expression (++), strong expression (+++)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "IL-10 promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation of spinal cord NPCs in vitro. a–c Addition of recombinant IL-10 had no apparent effect on NPCs proliferation (BrdU+/DAPI+) at all doses tested. d However, IL-10 significantly reduced the percentage of GFAP+/DAPI+ astrocytes at 100 and 200 ng/ml, e while increased the percentage of Olig2+ cells at 50, 100, 200, and 400 ng/ml with the highest effect at 200 ng. This effect was significantly attenuated with IL-10 neutralizing antibody. Addition of 0.8 μg/ml of IL10 neutralizing antibody effectively blocked 100 ng/ml of IL-10 on astrocyte and oligodendrocyte differentiation of NPCs. f–k Representative images of NPC differentiation assessment are shown. N = 3–5 independent experiments. The data show the mean ± SEM, *p < 0.05, one-way ANOVA" } ]