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Deutsche Gesellschaft für internationale Zusammenarbeit 37

BDI

Table 1: Emissions by mitigation targets OBJECTIVES Percentage Emission eq CO2 (Gg) Unconditional (2030) % Conditional (2030) % Unconditional (2025) % Conditional (2025) % Unconditional (2020) % Conditional (2020) % Source: CDN 2015 To achieve the unconditional target, the following measures were planned: - in the forestry sector, Burundi planned to increase GHG sinks by (re)forestation of 4ha/year for 15 years from 2016 to 2030. - in the energy sector, Burundi planned to build three hydroelectric power stations to increase the electrification rate to 35%, i.e. 45.4 MW of output in 2030.

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GHA

Refer to 6a and 7a. 6.2 Annexe 2: Adaptation and Mitigation Contribution Table11. Nationally determined contribution policy actions. Climate Objective. Socio-economic Outcomes. Jobs Prospects (No). Funding (US$ mil). Beneficiaries (No.). Emission Reduction (kt). Gender* Responsive. SLCP** mitigation Relevance. Manage climate-induced and gender-related health risks. Adaptation. Social Inclusion/Early Warning and disaster risk management. 130. 117. 31,500,000. High. Low. City-wide resilient infrastructure planning. Adaptation. Resilience Building. 1,025. 827. 500,000. Medium. Integrated water resources management. Adaptation. Resilience Building/Social Inclusion. 20. 108. 200,000. High.

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NRU

Increased use of groundwater will reduce demand for water from electricity intensive RO plants. Addressing household cesspits. Conditional on access to means of implementation. Governance. Develop and Adopt Republic of Nauru Environmental Management and Climate Change Bill. Unconditional. Adaptation. Improved coordination of Government Ministries in adaptation actions. Increased effectiveness of implementation efforts. Mitigation. Improved coordination of Government Ministries in mitigation actions. Increased effectiveness of implementation efforts. Develop and Adopt Nauru Climate Change Policy. Unconditional. Loss & Damage. National Long-Term Risk Assessment.

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MOZ

It is recognised that the pursuit of resilient, low-carbon development can be a driver for poverty reduction, reduced inequities for the most vulnerable and post-COVID green economic recovery19. Thus, the implementation of the NDC will take into account the most vulnerable groups in communities, promoting climate-proof and inclusive development with increased access to efficient technologies and clean energy, prioritising environmental integrity, human health and the creation of green jobs.

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YEM

Large-scale power generation from renewable energy sources (gridconnected), including solar thermal power plants, solar PV plants, and wind farms including :. Grid electricity (large scale electricity generation): 15 percent of generation mix in 2025 (2600 GWh). This translates into an overall installed capacity in 2025 of:. 400 MW from wind farms. 160 MW from geothermal power stations. 6 MW from power stations using landfill gas. Fuel switching to natural gas. Promoting the wide use of natural gas for power generation, industry and other economic sectors.

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ZAF

Goal 3, Human Settlements: “ensure urban planning and design incorporates climate change concerns. Consideration of climate risk in the new settlement and mainstreaming of climate science into the building standards will be catalytic to facilitate climate-resilient human settlement.” (p. 10)

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SGP

Large freshwater bodies surrounded by forested catchments help to ameliorate the urban island heat effect and conserve our rich natural heritage of flora and fauna. Singapore will continue efforts to safeguard its biodiversity despite an urban environment. The array of natural ecosystems (including evergreen rain forest, mangroves, freshwater streams, freshwater swamp forest, coral reefs and mudflats) will continue to be conserved, with targeted programs for habitat enhancement and species recovery where required.

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SYC

Many government sectoral plans and strategies also call for research and monitoring related to climate change adaptation but they lack the human and financial resources to fully undertake this task. The way forward will include innovative approaches in partnerships between the University, local agencies and overseas research institutions. Technology - In many cases, Seychelles lacks the technological capacity to undertake effective research on climate change modelling and risks, monitoring of climate change impacts and implementation of adaptation measures.

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THA

National Industrial Development Master Plan B.E.2555-2574 (2012-2031). Waste Management Roadmap. Implementation Plans:Thailand s NDC target has been integrated into the National Strategy. It will be implemented through the NDC Roadmap on Mitigation 2021-2030, the NDC Sectoral Action Plans and the NDC Supportive Action Plan which were carried out with a wide range of stakeholders consultation and public participation processes at the national and local levels.

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TKM

At the national level, the progress of implementation of adaptation measures is under control of the government and relevant ministries and agencies. Regularly 2 times a year all ministries, departments prepare reports for the higher instances on implementation of the National Strategy of Turkmenistan on Climate Change and national adaptation plans.

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TUN

Measure 5: Extension, rehabilitation, and protection of fishing ports in line with the results of the master plan of ports and taking into account the impacts of climate change. 1.5 Economic Resilience – ECOR. Priority 1: Modernize information management, facilitate access to and sharing of knowledge and forecast risks related to climate change. Measure 1: Undertake, in consultation with stakeholders, prospective studies on the vulnerabi- lities, costs of inaction and adaptation options of the main vulnerable economic sectors (tou- rism, buildings/constructions, banking and finance, transport, energy, digital, etc.).

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VEN

Update CND Projection 2020 - 2030. Petroleum Industry. Public Policy. Third Socialist Plan of Economic and Social Development of the Nation 2019 - 2025. Objective 5.4.2: Design a mitigation plan covering the greenhouse gas emitting productive sectors as a national voluntary contribution to the efforts to save the planet. Action. Estimation of carbon captured in the forests established and protected by PDVSA.

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SLV

Energy Sector. From the Energy Sector, and based on a "bottom-up" approach, El Salvador will be reducing its annual GHG emissions between 819 and 640 Kton CO2Eq by 2030, based on measures 1.1 .1 and 1.1.5, whose GHG annual emission reduction goals confer values between 485 and 306 Kton CO2Eq (Goal 1.1.1.A) and 334 Kton CO2 Eq (Goal 1.1.5.A), for 2030. Both goals are additional to each other and provide the previous result.

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BEN

Sustainable Tourism Development in W Regional Park (2017-2021 PAG Project). Integrate climate change into tourism promotion programs. 30. 5,84. 70. 13,61. 19,45. Integrated Border Management Program (2017-2021 MAP Project). Strengthen the food, social and economic security of border populations in the context of climate change. 60. 10,73. 40. 7,15. 17,88. Disaster and Risk Prevention and Management Program (2017-2021 MAP Project). Adapt production and consumption patterns to the environmental and climatic constraints of disaster risk areas. 60. 1,96. 40. 1,30. 3,26.

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VEN

"Promote actions at the national level that allow the proper management of waste and solid waste (garbage) generated by the population of the country, emphasizing the integral management of garbage, in order to reduce its generation and guarantee that its collection, use and final disposal is carried out in a sanitary and environmentally safe way (Law of Integral Management of Garbage and Plan of the Homeland. 2019 - 2025)."

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MRT

In order to do so, Mauritania seeks the support of its international partners for the achievement of its adaptation priorities, which include:. A food requirement ratio of 117% for rice, 80% for wheat, 75% for traditional cereals; 160% for milk, 126% for white meat;. The realization of the sanitation networks (sewage and rainwater) of the cities of Nouakchott, Rosso, Kaedi, Kiffa, Nouadhibou, Nema, Aioun, Timbedra, Akjoujt, Atar;.

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MDA

Human Health: Improving health services for vulnerable groups of the population;. Improving the infrastructure of hospitals for operationalization to “green”. Updated Nationally Determined Contribution of the Republic of Moldova. standards; Prevention, early warning, management and overcoming the impact of extreme weather events (heat and cold waves, floods).

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MDG

Environmental amenities and ecosystem services associated with the restoration of 55,000 ha of forests and mangroves;. Downturn up to trend 0 of the receding shorelines progression in the most affected coastal zones. The estimated amount of the adaptation cost is 28.713 billion US dollars (see Table 2). SECTION 3: MEANS OF IMPLEMENTATION. Madagascar is committed to evolve in the pathways leading to the sustainable economic and social development, whilst being environmentally aware and resilient to various hazards.

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VEN

"Increase the generation of solar energy through the installation of solar panel factories, which give priority to energy demand at the national level.": "19,158 photovoltaic solar modules manufactured annually, equivalent to 3.74 MW. With the average annual installation of 70% of the panels manufactured, it is expected to generate an accumulated 3.8 GWh in 9 years. A decrease in GHG 774.67 tCO2 is estimated for consideration"

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KHM

Waste -MSW. Agriculture - landrelated. 11. Composting of biodegradable organic fraction of MSW supplemented with separation of organic waste (at source). If 10% of all MSW generated is composted by 2030 then up to. 500 ktCO2e/year of GHG emissions can be avoided by 2030. MoE. Waste- MSW. 12. Production of Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) from either a) fresh MSW or b) old MSW mined from the Dangkor landfill. MoE. Cement sector Waste -MSW. GHG ER from RDF + anaerobic digestion up to 200 ktCO2e/year. 13.

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ZMB

Time frame and/or period for implementation, including start and end date, consistent with any further relevant decision adopted by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement (CMA);. From 1st January 2015 – 31st December 2030. (b). Whether it is a single-year or multi-year target, as applicable. Single-year target in 2030. 3. Scope and coverage:. (a). General description of the target;.

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TJK

In forestry, adaptation measures (many of which also have strong mitigation benefits) include reforestation/afforestation, natural and active/assisted regeneration, forest protection from cutting, grazing, fire, pests etc., improved and sustainable management of existing forest, improved pasture productivity, promoting crosscutting actions: integrated land management, improving the regulatory framework, strengthening law enforcement, developing a sustainable financing system, conducting inventory and monitoring, and investing in science and innovation. List of adaptation measures in the transport sector:. improving the protection and long-term maintenance of transport infrastructure;.

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BLZ

Promote public measures and partnerships with private landowners, local communities, and other relevant stakeholders to encourage mangrove preservation and reduce mangrove loss by 2025. The actions identified here are considered conditional on 1) provision of technical expertise and development of capacity for the implementation of an information clearing house and Informed Management zoning regime and 2) financial support for protection and restoration of mangroves and seagrass habitats. Type. SDG linkages. Target.

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IDN

Reduction of deforestation and forest degradation. Land conservation. Utilization of degraded land for renewable energy. Improved energy efficiency and consumption patterns. Social and Livelihood Resilience. Climate change impacts the day-to-day lives of all Indonesians, but most severely Indonesia s most vulnerable populations. Climate change-induced natural disasters will impact a greater number of people living below the poverty line, preventing asset accumulation. Rising food, water and energy prices, which often follow drought, floods, and other disasters, will drive the poor further into poverty.

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PRY

Promote the articulation of governance systems through inter-institutional coordination of water resources by river basin, at an appropriate scale. Promote awareness-raising actions for> the efficient use of water resources in communities and productive sectors. Promote studies to identify and address the existing capacity gaps for the application of integrated water resources management, particularly in planning, protection, inspection, conflict resolution, and financing related to water resource management needs.

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SDN

Controlling of diseases shared between humans and animals. Improve community sanitation and medical services, including capacities for diagnosis and treatment. Planning Process. Mitigation and adaptation actions are implemented across the various sectors at both the national and states administrative levels. The Framework of National Appropriate Mitigation Actions and the National Adaptation Planning process being undertaken by Government provides a good basis for long- term adaptation and mitigation programming and mainstreaming of climate change adaptation/mitigation into the existing national planning processes.

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TLS

This and other disclosure based- actions will be pursued throughout the 2022-2030 period in keeping with EITI recommendations and best practices Unconditional 3.4 Energy Efficiency Improvements Enabling cost-effective energy efficiency improvements Through the development and implementation/ enforcement of product efficiency standards, energy- efficient building designs, new fuel standards, closer regulation of industrial processes, and the energy efficiency improvements that can be derived from changes to primary energy sources used by communities, there is potential to increase the overall efficiency of Timor-Leste’s energy sector. To do so research will be conducted to improve the understanding of key opportunities and improve the cost-benefit analysis available on potential demand-side efficiency improvements in Timor-Leste.

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MCO

The main actions are detailed below:2.3.1 Energy. The consumption of fossil fuels in buildings is one of the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions. The priority areas developed by the Principality in this sector aim to decarbonize the energy consumed by buildings and improve their energy efficiency.

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VEN

To carry out training workshops on the conservation of biological diversity with a focus on adaptation and mitigation to climate change for the period 2021. - 2030. Description of the action. To carry out nine (09) training workshops on the conservation of biological diversity with a focus on adaptation and mitigation to climate change.

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SLV

according to which, 2019 emissions were 986 KtonCO2Eq, it leads to a trend to reach 793 Kton CO2Eq in 2030. This means a reduction in annual emissions between 485 and 306 KtonCO2Eq in 2030 compared to emissions from the BAU scenario (Fig.I.1). By 2025, annual GHG emissions will decrease to a value in the range between 346 and 540 Kton CO2 Eq corresponding to a reduction between 39% and 5%, compared to the BAU scenario, according to which emissions in 2019 were 986 Kton CO2Eq which leads to a trend to reach 570 KtonCO2Eq in 2025. This means a reduction in annual emissions between 224 and 30 KtonCO2Eq in 2025 compared to emissions from the BAU scenario (Fig.I.1)."

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ARM

Provisions of the EU-Armenia Comprehensive and Enhanced Partnership Agreement Roadmap5 with 12 actions on climate change and 34 energy efficiency, renewable energy, and energy security actions;. "Strategic Program for the Development of the Energy Sector of the Republic of Armenia (until 2040)”6, which safeguards national priority of energy security based upon nuclear energy, modern gas fired generation plants, development and expansion of economically viable and technically available renewable energy sources, mostly solar energy.

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TUN

The updated NDC allows, with its cross-cutting «Resilience Star» approach that aims to address the country’s adaptation needs for the benefit of the people, to identify priority actions at the sectoral level that aim to maximize cross-sectoral co-benefits. 1.1 Food Resilience- FR. Priority 1: Achieve the digital transition of agro-sylvo-pastoral, livestock, fisheries and aquaculture production systems, improve the sharing of information, data and knowledge for a better resilience to the effects of climate change on territories and societies.

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NGA

"For example, in addition to reporting on mitigation policies and measures -- which is already required in Biennial Update Reports -- countries will also need to report on progress indicators to track NDC implementation. GHG projections -- something that is currently required from developed countries in their reports but not from developing countries -- will also be a feature of the new Biennial Transparency Reports that all countries will need to submit, although this element of the BTRs will be optional. At the core of the MRV approach for Nigeria is the GHG inventory. The institutional arrangements for the inventory are set out in the Third National Communication. This involves sectoral working groups that sit between the GHG Inventory Division in the Department of Climate Change, and the data providers in MDAs, sub-national government, businesses and civil society. Technical support from international consultants will be used as needed, but a specific requirement of any such support will be that capacity building for Nigerian institutions is built into the specification of work, so that Nigeria can move towards a more self-sufficient arrangement for data compilation and NDC tracking."

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DJI

Rural settings that are scattered, often nomadic, or just beginning to settle down;. The district administrative centres of Ali Sabieh, Dikhil, Arta-Wea, Tadjourah and Obock;. The peripheral neighbourhoods of Djibouti, particularly those to the west of Ambouli Oued. Funding: World Bank and UNICEF. Support for adaptation to climate change among rural communities in mountainous regions. This project helps to strengthen the resilience of Aidalou Assamo populations in the face of shocks related to climate change. Funding: UNDP. Pastoral system security project – PSSP/SHARE (2014).

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JOR

Introducing new indicators that are useful for protecting health, such as Air Quality Index, UV index, in cooperation with the relevant institutions; and. Utilizing effective tools (e.g. GIS or Health Mapper) to link environmental and climatic factors to health outcomes. Details of the projects can be found in “CHAPTER 9 ADAPTATION PROJECT PROPOSALS FOR THE SIX CLIMATESENSITIVE HEALTH ISSUES” in the National Climate Change Health Adaptation Strategy and Action Plan of Jordan, which can be accessed from the MoH’s official website (www.moh.gov.jo).

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LKA

2023. 5.1 Strengthening timely and accurate early warning receipt and dissemination to health sector on possible extreme events or rainfall variability and linking them to national, regional, MOH and village level interventions. 2022. 5.2 Risk assessment for all hazards including climate-related events for the health sector. 2022. 5.3 Improved health preparedness for all hazards including climate related events at national, subnational, MOH and village level both in curative and preventive sectors. 2023. 5.4.

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KOR

At the national level, Korea is developing guidance and tools to support the assessment of vulnerability and risks, and is implementing projects on research and development for comprehensive and quantitative analysis of climate change impacts. In order to promote a Climate Friendly and Safe Society, Korea aims to strengthen its capacity for climate change adaptation by implementing the following strategic actions:. Strengthening infrastructure for climate change monitoring, forecasting and analysis;. Developing a management system for disaster prevention and stable water supply;. Developing a climate-resilient ecosystem;.

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LKA

Energy sector has a 20% GHG emission reduction target in the NDCs, which amounts to 39,383Gg of the total GHG emissions (196,915Gg for the period 2020-2030 as per the BAU scenario of the Long Term Generation Expansion Plan 2013-2032 published in October 2013). The reduction of emissions includes 4% (9,173Gg) unconditional and 16% (30,210Gg) conditional reduction. The NDCs for the energy sector include:. NDC 1: Establishment of large scale wind power plants of 514 MW. NDC 2: Establishment of 115 MW of solar power plants.

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PER

Pursuant to decision 1 / CP.19 and 1 / CP.20, the Peruvian State formally communicates the iNDC proposal and its complementary information. II. INDC IN MITIGATION. 2.1. Proposal of iNDC in Mitigation. The Peruvian iNDC envisages a reduction of emissions equivalent to 30% in relation to the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions of the projected Business as Usual scenario (BaU) in 2030.

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IDN

of Public Work and the Min. of Health. SUB-SECTOR: INDUSTRIAL LIQUID WASTE. BAU. CM1. CM2. Management of industrial liquid waste. No mitigation actions. Pulp and paper industry implement the waste water treatment sludge management, and utilization of methane. Pulp and paper industry implement the waste water treatment sludge management and utilization of methane. Waste water treatment (palm oil mill effluent or POME) in palm oil industry: implement methane capture & utilization. Note: A quantitative target to be defined by the Min.

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VEN

"Creation of BRT (Bus Rapid Transit) Systems in the cities of Maracay, Barquisimeto, Barcelona, Maracaibo, Puerto la Cruz, Mérida and Caracas.": "It is estimated to achieve an 80% reduction in carbon monoxide by about 500 mg/km, compared to the previous Euro 4 standard through the conversion of public transport based on NGV and on the other hand, the adjustment of the Euro 5 regulations to the current diesel public transport units."

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BRN

As explained above actions to preserve the forest provide flood management benefits (adaptation) and where this is coupled with reforestation or afforestation to expand the forests reserves area, there could be enhanced mitigation benefits too. 3.2.3 Coastal and flood protection. Regarding flood protection, an integrated approach combining flood protection, river quality improvement and coastal protection has been initiated by The Government of Brunei Darussalam to implement both structural measures (such as flood walls, drainage improvement, and energy efficient pumping stations) and non-structural measures (such as land use planning, capacity building, collaboration across sectors and research institutes).

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PNG

Reducing energy demand - through. adoption and implementation of Minimum. Energy Performance Standards and. Labelling (MEPSL) Regulations as well as. enhancing public awareness of energy use. and means of reducing energy use. Establishing a framework for fossil fuel. emission offsetting – PNG remains committed. to an energy transition but also recognizes. that a full transition will take time given. PNG’s complex geographies and dispersed. population as well as a growing economy. As. such a framework for offsetting of emissions.

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SDN

National REDD+ strategy. 1.The carbon balance and incentives for energy substitution to LPG;. 2.Incentives for using sustainable charcoal, firewood efficiency, increased gum Arabic production, forest conservation and sustainable forest management, Reforestation, Forest Plantations and more balanced livestock production;. 3. 4. Reconciliation of conflicting policies of rival economic sectors and streamlining of activities of supporting sectors such as education and research. Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation enhance carbon sequestration and livelihoods.

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COD

, 2009):. Subsistence agriculture: mainly itinerant and slash and burn: potential reduction of emissions of 15 to 17 Mt CO2e in 2030, based on a program to improve productivity affecting 50% of subsistence farms. Extensive small-scale commercial agriculture, intended mainly for the local market: reduction potential of around 65 to 70 Mt CO2e, linked to the implementation of two types of programs to increase productivity and affecting around 75% of farms.

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LBN

Yet climate change is one of many challenges to national development in Lebanon: population growth, rapid urbanization and geopolitical location provide additional challenges, and addressing these should be pursued simultaneously to avoid working in silos through collaboration between multiple government ministries and agencies, the private sector and other relevant stakeholders. Lebanon has already made progress in mainstreaming climate change adaptation into the biodiversity (draft National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, NBSAP, 2015), water (National Water Sector Strategy, 2012), forestry and agriculture (National Forest Plan, NFP, 2015 and Ministry of Agriculture Strategy, 2015) sectors.

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LBR

Promote household and community-level adoption of practices that improve air quality, improve water safety and reduce the risk of disease transmission, while also reducing fuelwood use, such as water filters and improved cookstoves (Link to Forest and Agriculture sectors). Conduct 40 training sessions on health risks of using firewood and other climate-related health risks by 2030 (Link to Forest sector). Provide at least 170 water safety and purification kits to rural communities by 2030.

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CHL

Specific contributions to the LULUCF sector:a) Chile has committed to the sustainable development and recovery of 100,000 hectares of forest land, mainly native, which will account for greenhouse gas sequestrations and reductions of an annual equivalent of around 600,000 of CO2 as of 2030. This commitment is subject to the approval of the Native Forest Recovery and Forestry Promotion Law.

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TON

Promoting integrated agroforestry in areas earmarked for agriculture;. Discouraging tree removal on tax allotments;. Encouraging tax allotment holders to plant and manage trees on their properties. In addition, the importance of trees for protection of coastal areas is identified. All of the above are important adaptation measures which will provide significant mitigation co-benefits. The latter are discussed more fully in the mitigation section. There are also significant gaps with sector plans.

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NGA

restore community and private natural forests, plantations and nurseries. Improve management of forest reserves and enforce low impact logging practice. D. STRATEGIES FOR BIODIVERSITY. Support the active implementation of the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP), particularly those strategic actions that address climate change impacts. Support recommended climate change adaptation policies and programmes in sectors that affect biodiversity conservation, including agriculture, forestry, energy and livelihoods.

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MMR

Mainstreaming climate change adaptation into protected areas management and sustainable landscape management including marine ecosystems, MPA (marine Protected Areas), and dryland ecosystem. Enhancing climate resilience of coastal communities through promotion of forest and fisheries dependent livelihoods, support for innovative SMEs in sustainable value- addition, and capacity-building for community-based natural resources management institutions. Understanding, developing, integrating, and implementing nature-based solutions to climate change. Creating knowledge platforms, information dissemination, and stakeholder engagement mechanisms to share information, related to the above.

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LKA

Develop/introduce varieties resistant/tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses arising from climate change. 2.1 Introduce/promote/develop heat tolerant varieties. 2.2 Introduce/promote/develop drought tolerant varieties. 2.3 Introduce /promote/ develop flood tolerant varieties. 2.4 Introduce /promote/ develop salt tolerant varieties. 2.5 Develop and promote maturity varieties. Re-demarcating Agro Ecological Regions (AERS) maps of Sri Lanka with current climate and future climate, and recommend appropriate crops for different areas to reduce vulnerability to climate change impacts.

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ARE

The UAE is recognized amongst the few countries that have, through a range of restoration and conservation efforts implemented since the 1970s, proactively expanded its mangrove forest cover. Following the success of the Abu Dhabi Blue Carbon Demonstration Project that made significant contribution to the understanding of blue carbon stocks in the UAE, the value of these stocks has been incorporated into federal and Emirate level policies.

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MAR

Industry (excluding cement and phosphates). Energy efficiency program in industry. Reduction of energy consumption in the industrial sector by 17% by 2030. 25 106.2. 5,028.7. 200.0. 10. Implementation of energy performance rules (MEPS) for electric motors greater than 75 kW. Establishment of minimum energy performance standards (NMPE) for electric motors. 630.0. 105.0. N / A. 11. Natural gas in the industrial sector by 2030. Importing liquefied petroleum gas to increase industrial use as a replacement for fuel oil to improve efficiency and the local environment.

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JOR

Key measures include:. Establishing an early warning system to trigger prompt public health intervention when certain variables exceed a defined threshold. Building the capacity of public health and health care professionals to monitor, diagnose, and treat cases of climate-sensitive health outcomes, even when they change their incidence, seasonality, and geographic range. 4.5 Urban Resilience and Disaster Risk Reduction. The main climate related hazards to the urban sector are represented by severe wind, increased or decrease in temperature, heavy rainfall, snow and drought events.

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ATG

This will be implemented through the target Building Code updated and passed into law in line with a climate resilient development pathway including, inter alia, a requirement that all new homes built after 2025 have back-up renewable energy generation and storage systems. 7.5 Mitigation. Antigua and Barbuda’s total emissions are negligible globally as it contributes less than 0.002% of the global greenhouse gas emissions (GHG).

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MWI

Conservation agriculture: crop residue and rotation Support and implementation of the planned expansion targets for crop residue and crop rotation to improve soil conservation, resulting in increase of soil carbon stock and improved crop yields. MOA (Department of Crop Development). MOFNR, LUANAR, million. NGOs, donors uc: US$ 236m c: US$ 236m. US$ 472 million. Increased food security and agricultural resilience through enhanced soil fertility, increased crop stability and reduced soil erosion. Cleaner water provision, through reduced nutrient and soil runoff. ✔. ✔. ✔.

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LKA

2021-2030. 7.1 Introduce canal-based water transport using diesel or grid electricity-powered boat service for selected canal routes. 2021-2030. NDC 8. Modernizing and upgrading of suburban railway. 2021-2030. 8.1 Electrification of railway lines. 2021-2030. 8.2 Develop new railway lines and expansion of existing railway network. 2021-2030. NDC 9. Promote electric mobility and hybrid vehicles. 2021-2030. 9.1 Increase tax concessions for electric & hybrid vehicles. 2021-2030. 9.2 Facilitate supportive infrastructure developments such as charging stations, battery swapping & replacements.

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TON

30% of land in Tonga utilized for agro-forestry or forestry by 2025. Planting of one million trees by 2023. Technical expertise. Financial support. Consensus on the kind of trees to be planted, the land on which the trees are to be planted, and responsibility for planting the trees. Prevent any permanent loss of land to rising sea levels on Tonga’s four main islands. Expansion of MPAs and SMAs to 30% of Tonga’s EEZ. Consensus on definition of MPAs and SMAs. Strengthened enforcement.

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LBN

Lebanon commits to unconditionally reduce power demand through energy efficiency measures by 3% under the Business-As-Usual (BAU) scenario and to conditionally reduce power demand through energy efficiency measures by 10% under the Business-As-Usual (BAU) scenario in 2030. Numbers reflect rounding. Information necessary for clarity, transparency and understanding (ICTU) of Lebanon s NDC. Para. Guidance in decision 4/CMA.1. ICTU guidance as applicable to Lebanon s NDC. 1. Quantifiable information on the reference point (including, as appropriate, a base year):. (a).

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FSM

"The Ridge to Reef program focuses on the main, or High Islands, of the four states of the FSM. Its objective is to strengthen local, State and National actions and capacities to implement integrated ecosystems management across the islands, from the terrestrial high points, the ridges, to the coastal ecosystems, the reefs. Working with institutions and individuals in state and national government, environmental NGOs and local communities, Reef to Ridge focuses on two principal areas: Sustainable Land Management (SLM) and Protected Areas (PAs)"

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KHM

Strengthen institutional capacities at national and sub-national levels to integrate gender responsiveness in climate change adaptation s policies, plans, programming, including gender budgeting. MOWA. Improve gender equality, Gender responsive action, Gender responsive budgeting in policies planning of action and programmes. Enhance coordination and implementing accountability mechanisms to reduce climate change vulnerabilities of disadvantaged women and other marginalized groups such as ethnic minority women and men, People with Disability (PWD), youth, and elderly. MOWA.

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JOR

Agriculture/food security: "— Implementation of supplemental irrigation, water harvesting techniques, maximizing treated waste water re-use in agriculture, improving water use efficiency and the augmentation of drip irrigation in irrigated areas and utilization of saline water in the irrigation of crops tolerant to salinity

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KHM

Enhance timber supply and wood-based energy sourced from community-based forest management areas and private plantations to reduce pressure on forest areas. Promote effective, equitable, sustainable management and use of forests, forest lands and non-timber forest products. Identify and implement alternative and sustainable livelihood development programmes for local communities most dependent on forest resources. 13.

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BTN

Assessment and management of risk and damage from windstorms on agricultural crops and human settlements. Enhancement of emergency medical services and public health management to respond to climate change induced disasters. Enhancing preparedness and response to climate change induced disasters at the national and local levels. Minimize climate‐related health risks through:. Strengthening integrated risk monitoring and early warning systems and response for climate sensitive diseases. Promotion of climate resilient household water supply and sanitation.

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HTI

Install by 2030 (4 wind farms: 50 MW, hydroelectricity: 60MW additional, solar parks: 30 MW, biomass: 20 MW). Reduce fuelwood consumption by 32% by 2030. Set up well-managed energy forests (10 000 ha by 2030). Develop and implement transport NAMAs. Promote the use of energy-efficient stoves to replace traditional fireplaces (energy savings of 25-30% per stove). Improve the energy efficiency of wood-burning furnaces (increase yields from 10-15% to 30-45%). Disseminate 1,000,000 low-consumption lamps for the replacement of incandescent bulbs. AFAT.

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LCA

Adoption of a National Environmental Policy and National Environment Management Strategy (2004; Revised 2014). Sustainable Energy For All initiative [4]. Annual observance of Energy Awareness Week. Development of a Climate Change Public Education and Awareness Strategy Implementation Plan. Sustainable Development Benefits. Achievement of the mitigation targets will translate to significant sustainable development benefit for Saint Lucia.

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LKA

The Overarching Agriculture Policy (OAP) which is being formulated will focus on improving productivity, self-sufficiency, and safety of food. Table 4.4. 6: NDCs in Agriculture Sector. NDC #. NDC and Action. Timeline. NDC 1. Reduce post-harvest losses and value addition of fruits and vegetables. 2021-2030. 1.1 Planning of cultivation management. 2021-2030. 1.2 Improve post-harvest management. 2021-2030. 1.3 Managing excess production. 2021-2030. 1.4 Product innovation. 2021-2030. 1.5 Monitoring of post-harvest management process. 2021-2030. 1.6 Introduce policy and other support instruments. 2021-2030. NDC 2. Increase crop productivity.

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JOR

There is a strategic need for enhancing institutional and coordination conditions to improved community participation in identification and addressing climate change impacts at community level in urban areas. Key proposed measures include:. Use of existing local based organizations and neighborhood networks to identify and respond to climate risks in urban areas based on participatory consultation and supporting joint actions.

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JOR

2- Development of a human rights guidelines and indicators for climate adaptation plans and projects with effective implementation and monitoring tools through policy and legal frameworks. 4.8.6 Integrating climate change impacts and adaptation into education curricula. Education is one of the most powerful tools for positive change in Jordan which has always invested heavily in enhancing educational infrastructure, learning systems and maximizing the potential of students.

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IRN

Unfortunately, due to the unjust sanctions imposed on our economic, financial and technological sectors, not only this target was not achieved, but energy intensity was increased in recent years. E. Financial and Technological Needs. Due to the significant share of energy sector in emissions (more than 90%) and consequently the high potential of this sector in emissions mitigation, its major technological requirements are as follows:. Technologies needed to curb and utilize gas flares;. Reducing natural gas leakage in the distribution networks;.

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ZAF

Health: monitoring, surveillance and early warning systems for climate-induced diseases. Biodiversity: Enhance the Monitoring of Climate Change impacts on Biodiversity and Ecological Infrastructure,. Human Settlements: ensure urban planning and design incorporates climate change concerns. Consideration of climate risk in the new settlement and mainstreaming of climate science into the building standards will be catalytic to facilitate climate-resilient human settlement. Coastal Settlement: urban and rural settlements should be prioritised in addressing climate risks such as sea-level rise and flooding.

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CIV

Establishment of an institutional and regulatory framework for renewable energy and energy efficiency. Improving the environment around the energy sector. Development of new qualified job streams. Reduction of social conflicts. Improved coverage and access rates for energy services. Reduction of GHG emission levels, including CO 2. Decrease of pressure on natural resources. Strengthening Côte d Ivoire s integration into the regional energy market, through interconnection with other countries in the region. Increase in national income. Strengthening Côte d Ivoire s share in UEMOA GDP. Improved quality of life.

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KEN

Drought and floods are the main climate hazards, negatively impacting lives and livelihoods, with human health increasingly being at risk. Extreme climate events cause significant loss of life, and adversely affect the national economy. They are a threat to Kenya s security. Adverse climate effects, particularly floods and droughts, have the catastrophic and increasing impacts across the country.

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MWI

Increased food security and resilience of livestock farmers and rural communities through enhanced yields. Increased access to clean and sustainable energy sources. ✔. ✔. ✔. FORESTRY AND LAND USE. Afforestation (protective forests, woodlots and urban forests). Production and planting of native Eucalyptus and Pinus trees in 45,000 Ha of areas, withpotential to be scaled-up to 600,000 Ha with international support, based on NFLRS targets. MOFNR (Department of Forestry). FRIM, DFOs, NGOS, local communities, village associations, and traditional authorities. US$ 515 million including riparian restoration.

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MUS

National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Policy, Strategic Framework and Action Plan 2020- 2030. Mauritius Vision 2030. Master Plan on Environment (2020-2030) - under finalisation. Land Drainage Master Plan (2021-2030) –under finalisation. Moreover, building on current adaptation actions and policies, the following list of actions is identified:. Rehabilitation of degraded coastline. Development of a coral restoration strategy. Increase of conservation area for terrestrial biodiversity. Develop climate smart agriculture and sensitize farmers of vulnerable areas.

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CRI

As of 2030, a reduction in the total pasture area is maintained at an annual rate of 1% and the increase in the area of ​​pasture with good management, at a rate of 1 to 2% per year over the baseline trend. 7.9. By 2026, at least 6 biological corridors will manage climate shelters, defined by SINAC. 7.10. By 2030, 1,000,000 hectares of forest cover-landscapes will have been intervened to avoid land degradation and favor biodiversity. 7.11.

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SGP

To make food supply more resilient, Singapore is pursuing three strategies, namely: 1) Diversification of import sources; 2) Grow local; and 3) Grow overseas. In particular, Singapore has set an ambitious target for local food production. By 2030, Singapore aims to meet 30% of Singapore’s nutritional needs with food produced in Singapore. To do so, the Singapore Government will support the local agri-food industry to adopt innovative solutions and raise productivity.

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SOM

Implement integrated Water resources Management strategy. Public health awareness campaign, targeting rural areas on climate change effects and public health related issues. Establish and operationalise public health facilities in rural areas. $15 billion. 3. Disaster preparedness and management. Establish effective early warning systems and disaster risk management policies to improve resilience to extreme weather events. Establish he meteorological networks to enhance early warning systems. Increase resilience of communities, infrastructures and ecosystems to droughts and floods. Enhanced coordination and information-sharing between relevant ministries and stakeholders.

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CHL

I1) In 2020, develop a Circular Economy Roadmap for the years 2020 to 2040, agreed at a national level, which will focus on the transition towards a circular economy with short, medium and long-term measures established to 2040. Contribution to Integration - Circular Economy N°2 (I2). CONTRIBUTION. SDG.

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MRT

Implementation of hydrogeological syntheses and assessment of water resources in difficult or vulnerable areas and extension of regular monitoring to all fields collected with the telecommunications system; Implementation of the drinking water supply (PW) project in 4 wilayas in the northern part of the country; Implementation of desalination projects for coastal and other areas; Implementation of 2000 small isolated drinking water supply (PW) networks in rural areas equipped with solar panels.

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VUT

Others: 0 Gg CO2eq. c. Target relative to the reference indicator, expressed numerically, for example in percentage or amount of reduction. The quantified targets presented in this section are all conditional, will be implemented upon international (Technical and Financial) support by 2030. Energy Sector:. Target Indicator. 2010. 2025. 2030. Renewable Energy Generation -Grid Connected (%). 11.69%. 50%. 100%. Improve transport (land and marine) energy efficiency. -. -. 10%. Improve biomass end use (cooking and drying) efficiency. -. -. 14%. Electric Vehicles – e-Buses. -. -.

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SEN

The Emerging Senegal Plan (PSE ) reinforces the orientations of the Energy Sector Development Policy Letter of October 2012 concerning electricity, hydrocarbons, accessibility to energy in rural areas, energy efficiency and domestic fuels. Electricity generation sub-sector. Context of the sub-sector. The public electricity production park is essentially thermal, ie 93% of installed capacity and the dominant fuel is fuel oil, up to 75%. Access to electricity in rural areas is still limited.

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MLI