metadata

library_name: transformers
license: apache-2.0
datasets:
  - HuggingFaceTB/smoltalk
  - HuggingFaceH4/ultrafeedback_binarized
base_model:
  - SmallDoge/Doge-60M
language:
  - en
pipeline_tag: question-answering
tags:
  - trl
  - sft
  - dpo
  - doge

Doge 60M Instruct

Doge uses Dynamic Mask Attention as sequence transformation and can use Multi-Layer Perceptron or Cross Domain Mixture of Experts as state transformation. Dynamic Mask Attention allows the Transformer to use self-attention during training and state space during inference, and Cross Domain Mixture of Experts can directly inherit the weights of Multi-Layer Perceptron for further training. This model is trained by SmallDoge community, for detailed algorithm and model architecture, paper coming soon, all training details and code are available in the small-doge repository.

Uses

from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForCausalLM, GenerationConfig, TextStreamer

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("SmallDoge/Doge-60M-Instruct")
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("SmallDoge/Doge-60M-Instruct", trust_remote_code=True)

generation_config = GenerationConfig(
      max_new_tokens=100, 
      use_cache=True, 
      do_sample=True, 
      temperature=0.8, 
      top_p=0.9,
      repetition_penalty=1.0
)
steamer = TextStreamer(
      tokenizer=tokenizer, 
      skip_prompt=True
)

prompt = "Hi, how are you doing today?"
conversation = [
      {"role": "user", "content": prompt}
]
inputs = tokenizer.apply_chat_template(
    conversation=conversation,
    tokenize=True,
    return_tensors="pt",
)

outputs = model.generate(
    inputs, 
    tokenizer=tokenizer,
    generation_config=generation_config, 
    streamer=steamer
)

Model Details

We build the Doge-Instruct by first SFT on SmolTalk and then DPO on UltraFeedback Binarized.

SFT:

Model	Training Data	Epochs	Content Length	LR	Batch Size	Precision
Doge-20M-Instruct-SFT	smoltalk	2	2048	8e-4	0.25M	bfloat16
Doge-60M-Instruct-SFT	smoltalk	2	2048	6e-4	0.25M	bfloat16
Doge-160M-Instruct-SFT	smoltalk	2	2048	4e-4	0.25M	bfloat16
Doge-320M-Instruct-SFT	smoltalk	2	2048	2e-4	0.25M	bfloat16

DPO:

Model	Training Data	Epochs	Content Length	LR	Batch Size	Precision
Doge-20M-Instruct	ultrafeedback_binarized	2	1024	8e-5	0.125M	bfloat16
Doge-60M-Instruct	ultrafeedback_binarized	2	1024	6e-5	0.125M	bfloat16
Doge-160M-Instruct	ultrafeedback_binarized	2	1024	4e-5	0.125M	bfloat16
Doge-320M-Instruct	ultrafeedback_binarized	2	1024	2e-5	0.125M	bfloat16

Evaluation:

Model	IFEval (Prompt Strict Acc)	MMLU	BBH	ARC	PIQA	HellaSwag	tokens / s on i7-11 CPU
Doge-20M-Instruct	7.3	26.3	18.3	29.2	57.8	27.8	142
Doge-60M-Instruct	7.4	27.5	27.7	37.5	61.4	32.1	62
Doge-160M-Instruct	16.8	29.7	29.1	42.8	64.1	37.1	28
Doge-320M-Instruct	28.5	30.3	31.9	51.7	71.0	50.6	16

Procedure:

SFT:

DPO:

Environment:

Image: nvcr.io/nvidia/pytorch:24.12-py3
Hardware: 1x NVIDIA RTX 4090
Software: Transformers, TRL

Citation

@misc{smalldoges,
  title={SmallDoges: A Family of Dynamic UltraFast Small Language Models}, 
  author={Jingze, Shi and Yifan, Wu and Bingheng, Wu and Yuyu, Luo},
  year={2025},
  month={March},
  url={https://github.com/SmallDoges/small-doge}
}