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library_name: transformers
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---
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<!-- This should link to a Dataset Card, perhaps with a short stub of information on what the training data is all about as well as documentation related to data pre-processing or additional filtering. -->
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[More Information Needed]
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### Training Procedure
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<!-- This relates heavily to the Technical Specifications. Content here should link to that section when it is relevant to the training procedure. -->
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#### Preprocessing [optional]
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[More Information Needed]
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#### Training Hyperparameters
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- **Training regime:** [More Information Needed] <!--fp32, fp16 mixed precision, bf16 mixed precision, bf16 non-mixed precision, fp16 non-mixed precision, fp8 mixed precision -->
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#### Speeds, Sizes, Times [optional]
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<!-- This section provides information about throughput, start/end time, checkpoint size if relevant, etc. -->
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[More Information Needed]
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## Evaluation
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<!-- This section describes the evaluation protocols and provides the results. -->
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### Testing Data, Factors & Metrics
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#### Testing Data
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<!-- This should link to a Dataset Card if possible. -->
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[More Information Needed]
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#### Factors
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<!-- These are the things the evaluation is disaggregating by, e.g., subpopulations or domains. -->
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[More Information Needed]
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#### Metrics
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<!-- These are the evaluation metrics being used, ideally with a description of why. -->
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[More Information Needed]
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### Results
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[More Information Needed]
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#### Summary
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## Model Examination [optional]
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<!-- Relevant interpretability work for the model goes here -->
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[More Information Needed]
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## Environmental Impact
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<!-- Total emissions (in grams of CO2eq) and additional considerations, such as electricity usage, go here. Edit the suggested text below accordingly -->
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Carbon emissions can be estimated using the [Machine Learning Impact calculator](https://mlco2.github.io/impact#compute) presented in [Lacoste et al. (2019)](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.09700).
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- **Hardware Type:** [More Information Needed]
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- **Hours used:** [More Information Needed]
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- **Cloud Provider:** [More Information Needed]
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- **Compute Region:** [More Information Needed]
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- **Carbon Emitted:** [More Information Needed]
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## Technical Specifications [optional]
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### Model Architecture and Objective
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[More Information Needed]
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### Compute Infrastructure
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[More Information Needed]
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#### Hardware
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[More Information Needed]
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#### Software
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[More Information Needed]
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## Citation [optional]
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<!-- If there is a paper or blog post introducing the model, the APA and Bibtex information for that should go in this section. -->
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**BibTeX:**
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[More Information Needed]
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**APA:**
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[More Information Needed]
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## Glossary [optional]
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<!-- If relevant, include terms and calculations in this section that can help readers understand the model or model card. -->
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[More Information Needed]
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## More Information [optional]
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[More Information Needed]
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## Model Card Authors [optional]
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[More Information Needed]
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## Model Card Contact
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[More Information Needed]
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---
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base_model: google/gemma-2-9b-it
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library_name: transformers
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datasets:
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- openbmb/UltraFeedback
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tags:
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- alignment-handbook
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- gemma
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We propose a novel strategy to enhance off-policy preference optimization by simulating on-policy learning with off-policy preference data. Our Weighted Preference Optimization (WPO) method adapts off-policy data to resemble on-policy data more closely by reweighting preference pairs according to their probability under the current policy. This method not only addresses the distributional gap problem but also enhances the optimization process without incurring additional costs. Refer to our [preprint](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.11827) and [repo](https://github.com/wzhouad/WPO) for details.
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## Model Description
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### Data
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gemma-2-9b-it finetuned by hybrid WPO, utilizing two types of data:
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1. On-policy sampled gemma outputs based on Ultrafeedback prompts.
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2. GPT-4-turbo outputs based on Ultrafeedback prompts.
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In comparison to the preference data construction method in our paper, we switch to RLHFlow/ArmoRM-Llama3-8B-v0.1 to score the outputs, and choose the outputs with maximum/minimum scores to form a preference pair.
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### [AlpacaEval Eval Results](https://tatsu-lab.github.io/alpaca_eval/)
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| Model | LC | WR | Avg. Length |
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|-------------------------------------------|:------------:|:--------:|:-----------:|
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|[gemma-2-9b-it-WPO-HB](https://huggingface.co/wzhouad/gemma-2-9b-it-WPO-HB) |76.73 | 77.83 | 2285
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### Link to Other WPO Models
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Check our [WPO Collection](https://huggingface.co/collections/wzhouad/wpo-66a04e4f552c0be180da2931).
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### Training Hyperparameters
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The following hyperparameters were used during training:
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- learning_rate: 1e-06
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- beta: 0.01
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- per_device_train_batch_size: 1
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- gradient_accumulation_steps: 16
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- seed: 1
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- num_devices: 8
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- optim: adamw_torch
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- lr_scheduler_type: cosine
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- lr_scheduler_warmup_ratio: 0.1
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- num_train_epochs: 2.0
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- max_length: 2048
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- max_prompt_length: 1800
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## License
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This model is licensed under the Zoom software license and is permitted for use only for noncommercial, educational, or academic research purposes.
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## Citation
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WPO:
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```
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@article{zhou2024wpo,
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title={WPO: Enhancing RLHF with Weighted Preference Optimization},
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author={Zhou, Wenxuan and Agrawal, Ravi and Zhang, Shujian and Indurthi, Sathish Reddy and Zhao, Sanqiang and Song, Kaiqiang and Xu, Silei and Zhu, Chenguang},
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journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2406.11827},
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year={2024}
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}
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```
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Ultrafeedback:
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```
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@article{cui2023ultrafeedback,
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title={{UltraFeedback}: Boosting language models with high-quality feedback},
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author={Cui, Ganqu and Yuan, Lifan and Ding, Ning and Yao, Guanming and Zhu, Wei and Ni, Yuan and Xie, Guotong and Liu, Zhiyuan and Sun, Maosong},
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journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2310.01377},
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year={2023}
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}
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```
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Armo-RM:
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```
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@article{ArmoRM,
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title={Interpretable Preferences via Multi-Objective Reward Modeling and Mixture-of-Experts},
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author={Haoxiang Wang and Wei Xiong and Tengyang Xie and Han Zhao and Tong Zhang},
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journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2406.12845},
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}
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@inproceedings{wang2024arithmetic,
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title={Arithmetic Control of LLMs for Diverse User Preferences: Directional Preference Alignment with Multi-Objective Rewards},
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author={Haoxiang Wang and Yong Lin and Wei Xiong and Rui Yang and Shizhe Diao and Shuang Qiu and Han Zhao and Tong Zhang},
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year={2024},
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booktitle={ACL},
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}
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```
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