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Can you please help me with a couple of points about analgesic drug, with the given text as a reference.

An analgesic drug, also called simply an analgesic (American English), analgaesic (British English), pain reliever, or painkiller, is any member of the group of drugs used to achieve relief from pain (that is, analgesia or pain management). Analgesics are conceptually distinct from anesthetics, which temporarily reduce, and in some instances eliminate, sensation, although analgesia and anesthesia are neurophysiologically overlapping and thus various drugs have both analgesic and anesthetic effects.

1. Any medication from the class of medications intended to treat pain is referred to as an analgesic medicine, also known as a simple analgesic (American English), an analgaesic (British English), pain reliever, or painkiller. (that is, analgesia or pain management). 2. Although analgesia and anaesthesia are neurophysiologically similar and thus certain medications have both analgesic and anaesthetic effects, analgesics are conceptually separate from anesthetics, which temporarily diminish, and in some cases eradicate, feeling.

summarization

<s><SYS>An analgesic drug, also called simply an analgesic (American English), analgaesic (British English), pain reliever, or painkiller, is any member of the group of drugs used to achieve relief from pain (that is, analgesia or pain management). Analgesics are conceptually distinct from anesthetics, which temporarily reduce, and in some instances eliminate, sensation, although analgesia and anesthesia are neurophysiologically overlapping and thus various drugs have both analgesic and anesthetic effects.</SYS>[INST] Can you please help me with a couple of points about analgesic drug, with the given text as a reference. [/INST] 1. Any medication from the class of medications intended to treat pain is referred to as an analgesic medicine, also known as a simple analgesic (American English), an analgaesic (British English), pain reliever, or painkiller. (that is, analgesia or pain management). 2. Although analgesia and anaesthesia are neurophysiologically similar and thus certain medications have both analgesic and anaesthetic effects, analgesics are conceptually separate from anesthetics, which temporarily diminish, and in some cases eradicate, feeling. </s>

Who are the most referred to Devas in the Rigveda as per the passage?

In Vedic literature, Devas and Devis represent the forces of nature and some represent moral values (such as the Adityas, Varuna, and Mitra), each symbolizing the epitome of a specialized knowledge, creative energy, exalted and magical powers (Siddhis). Vedic era deities evolved over time. Rudra (left) is represented in Vedic literature, is shown as Shiva-Rudra 2nd-century sculpture (middle), and as Shiva (meaning kind) in 13th-century art work (right). The iconography evolved, retaining some symbolic elements such as trident, axe or antelope.The most referred to Devas in the Rigveda are Indra, Agni (fire) and Soma, with "fire deity" called the friend of all humanity, it and Soma being the two celebrated in a yajna fire ritual that marks major Hindu ceremonies. Savitr, Vishnu, Rudra (later given the exclusive epithet of Shiva), and Prajapati (later Brahma) are gods and hence Devas.The Vedas describes a number of significant Devis such as Ushas (dawn), Prithvi (earth), Aditi (cosmic moral order), Saraswati (river, knowledge), Vāc (sound), Nirṛti (destruction), Ratri (night), Aranyani (forest), and bounty goddesses such as Dinsana, Raka, Puramdhi, Parendi, Bharati, Mahi among others are mentioned in the Rigveda. Sri, also called Lakshmi, appears in late Vedic texts dated to be pre-Buddhist, but verses dedicated to her do not suggest that her characteristics were fully developed in the Vedic era. All gods and goddesses are distinguished in the Vedic times, but in the post-Vedic texts (~500 BCE to 200 CE), and particularly in the early medieval era literature, they are ultimately seen as aspects or manifestations of one Brahman, the Supreme power.

Indra, Agni (fire) and Soma

information_extraction

<s><SYS>In Vedic literature, Devas and Devis represent the forces of nature and some represent moral values (such as the Adityas, Varuna, and Mitra), each symbolizing the epitome of a specialized knowledge, creative energy, exalted and magical powers (Siddhis). Vedic era deities evolved over time. Rudra (left) is represented in Vedic literature, is shown as Shiva-Rudra 2nd-century sculpture (middle), and as Shiva (meaning kind) in 13th-century art work (right). The iconography evolved, retaining some symbolic elements such as trident, axe or antelope.The most referred to Devas in the Rigveda are Indra, Agni (fire) and Soma, with "fire deity" called the friend of all humanity, it and Soma being the two celebrated in a yajna fire ritual that marks major Hindu ceremonies. Savitr, Vishnu, Rudra (later given the exclusive epithet of Shiva), and Prajapati (later Brahma) are gods and hence Devas.The Vedas describes a number of significant Devis such as Ushas (dawn), Prithvi (earth), Aditi (cosmic moral order), Saraswati (river, knowledge), Vāc (sound), Nirṛti (destruction), Ratri (night), Aranyani (forest), and bounty goddesses such as Dinsana, Raka, Puramdhi, Parendi, Bharati, Mahi among others are mentioned in the Rigveda. Sri, also called Lakshmi, appears in late Vedic texts dated to be pre-Buddhist, but verses dedicated to her do not suggest that her characteristics were fully developed in the Vedic era. All gods and goddesses are distinguished in the Vedic times, but in the post-Vedic texts (~500 BCE to 200 CE), and particularly in the early medieval era literature, they are ultimately seen as aspects or manifestations of one Brahman, the Supreme power.</SYS>[INST] Who are the most referred to Devas in the Rigveda as per the passage? [/INST] Indra, Agni (fire) and Soma </s>

Who is Mariano Sánchez?

Mariano Sánchez Martínez (born 28 January 1978) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder. He appeared in 108 Segunda División games over three seasons, scoring two goals for Cartagena. Club career Born in San Pedro del Pinatar, Region of Murcia, Sánchez did not reach the Segunda División B until he was 26, in 2004, arriving at CD Alcoyano from amateurs AD Mar Menor-San Javier. In the following year he moved to another club at that level, FC Cartagena, helping it promote to Segunda División in his fourth season. Sánchez made his debut in the competition on 29 August 2009 at the age of 31 years and seven months, playing the full 90 minutes in a 1–0 away win against Girona FC. He scored his first league goal on 22 May 2010 in the 3–5 home loss to Levante UD, and never appeared in less than 34 league matches during his three seasons in that tier, suffering relegation in his last and renewing his contract for a further two years in June 2012. On 14 May 2014, the 36-year-old Sánchez announced he would retire at the end of the campaign while hoping to help his team promote, which eventually did not befell. Personal life Sánchez rejected an offer to play youth football for Real Murcia when he was 18, after deciding to move to Madrid to study architecture. Not being able to enter Real Madrid's youth system, he chose to retire from football. After his playing days, Sánchez continued to work as an architect. Still as an active player, he was the figurehead behind the creation of the sports complex Pinatar Arena, in his hometown.

Mariano Sánchez Martínez, also known as Mariano Sánchez is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder.

closed_qa

<s><SYS>Mariano Sánchez Martínez (born 28 January 1978) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder. He appeared in 108 Segunda División games over three seasons, scoring two goals for Cartagena. Club career Born in San Pedro del Pinatar, Region of Murcia, Sánchez did not reach the Segunda División B until he was 26, in 2004, arriving at CD Alcoyano from amateurs AD Mar Menor-San Javier. In the following year he moved to another club at that level, FC Cartagena, helping it promote to Segunda División in his fourth season. Sánchez made his debut in the competition on 29 August 2009 at the age of 31 years and seven months, playing the full 90 minutes in a 1–0 away win against Girona FC. He scored his first league goal on 22 May 2010 in the 3–5 home loss to Levante UD, and never appeared in less than 34 league matches during his three seasons in that tier, suffering relegation in his last and renewing his contract for a further two years in June 2012. On 14 May 2014, the 36-year-old Sánchez announced he would retire at the end of the campaign while hoping to help his team promote, which eventually did not befell. Personal life Sánchez rejected an offer to play youth football for Real Murcia when he was 18, after deciding to move to Madrid to study architecture. Not being able to enter Real Madrid's youth system, he chose to retire from football. After his playing days, Sánchez continued to work as an architect. Still as an active player, he was the figurehead behind the creation of the sports complex Pinatar Arena, in his hometown.</SYS>[INST] Who is Mariano Sánchez? [/INST] Mariano Sánchez Martínez, also known as Mariano Sánchez is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder. </s>

In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Crayne?

Rose of the Red Lake

open_qa

<s>[INST] In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Crayne? [/INST] Rose of the Red Lake </s>

What are some good beginner songs to learn on guitar?

The following are good songs a beginner can learn on guitar: - Smoke on the Water by Deep Purple - Brown Eyed Girl by Van Morrison - Heart of Gold by Neil Young - Seven Nation Army by The White Stripes - What's Up? by 4 Non Blondes - Wild Thing by The Troggs - Wonderwall by Oasis

brainstorming

<s>[INST] What are some good beginner songs to learn on guitar? [/INST] The following are good songs a beginner can learn on guitar: - Smoke on the Water by Deep Purple - Brown Eyed Girl by Van Morrison - Heart of Gold by Neil Young - Seven Nation Army by The White Stripes - What's Up? by 4 Non Blondes - Wild Thing by The Troggs - Wonderwall by Oasis </s>

Give me a list of actors who won an Oscar in the last 5 years.

1. Brendan Fraser, 2022 2. Will Smith, 2021 3. Anthony Hopkins, 2020 4. Joaquin Phoenix, 2019 5. Rami Malek, 2018

brainstorming

<s>[INST] Give me a list of actors who won an Oscar in the last 5 years. [/INST] 1. Brendan Fraser, 2022 2. Will Smith, 2021 3. Anthony Hopkins, 2020 4. Joaquin Phoenix, 2019 5. Rami Malek, 2018 </s>

Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Cultrun, Kora

Kora is string, Cultrun is percussion.

classification

<s>[INST] Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Cultrun, Kora [/INST] Kora is string, Cultrun is percussion. </s>

Why is pickleball so popular in the US right now?

Pickleball is easy to learn. Compared to tennis, it requires less strength and skills to play. It also takes up less space to set up a pickleball court. It does not create forearm tightness like tennis. It is a good sport for all ages.

general_qa

<s>[INST] Why is pickleball so popular in the US right now? [/INST] Pickleball is easy to learn. Compared to tennis, it requires less strength and skills to play. It also takes up less space to set up a pickleball court. It does not create forearm tightness like tennis. It is a good sport for all ages. </s>

Based on the following paragraph on water, what makes water cohesive.

Life arose from the Earth's first ocean, which formed some 3.8 billion years ago. Since then, water continues to be the most abundant molecule in every organism. Water is important to life because it is an effective solvent, capable of dissolving solutes such as sodium and chloride ions or other small molecules to form an aqueous solution. Once dissolved in water, these solutes are more likely to come in contact with one another and therefore take part in chemical reactions that sustain life. In terms of its molecular structure, water is a small polar molecule with a bent shape formed by the polar covalent bonds of two hydrogen (H) atoms to one oxygen (O) atom (H2O). Because the O–H bonds are polar, the oxygen atom has a slight negative charge and the two hydrogen atoms have a slight positive charge. This polar property of water allows it to attract other water molecules via hydrogen bonds, which makes water cohesive. Surface tension results from the cohesive force due to the attraction between molecules at the surface of the liquid. Water is also adhesive as it is able to adhere to the surface of any polar or charged non-water molecules. Water is denser as a liquid than it is as a solid (or ice). This unique property of water allows ice to float above liquid water such as ponds, lakes, and oceans, thereby insulating the liquid below from the cold air above. Water has the capacity to absorb energy, giving it a higher specific heat capacity than other solvents such as ethanol. Thus, a large amount of energy is needed to break the hydrogen bonds between water molecules to convert liquid water into water vapor. As a molecule, water is not completely stable as each water molecule continuously dissociates into hydrogen and hydroxyl ions before reforming into a water molecule again. In pure water, the number of hydrogen ions balances (or equals) the number of hydroxyl ions, resulting in a pH that is neutral.

Water is made cohesive due to its polar property which allows it to attract other water molecules via hydrogen bonds.

closed_qa

<s><SYS>Life arose from the Earth's first ocean, which formed some 3.8 billion years ago. Since then, water continues to be the most abundant molecule in every organism. Water is important to life because it is an effective solvent, capable of dissolving solutes such as sodium and chloride ions or other small molecules to form an aqueous solution. Once dissolved in water, these solutes are more likely to come in contact with one another and therefore take part in chemical reactions that sustain life. In terms of its molecular structure, water is a small polar molecule with a bent shape formed by the polar covalent bonds of two hydrogen (H) atoms to one oxygen (O) atom (H2O). Because the O–H bonds are polar, the oxygen atom has a slight negative charge and the two hydrogen atoms have a slight positive charge. This polar property of water allows it to attract other water molecules via hydrogen bonds, which makes water cohesive. Surface tension results from the cohesive force due to the attraction between molecules at the surface of the liquid. Water is also adhesive as it is able to adhere to the surface of any polar or charged non-water molecules. Water is denser as a liquid than it is as a solid (or ice). This unique property of water allows ice to float above liquid water such as ponds, lakes, and oceans, thereby insulating the liquid below from the cold air above. Water has the capacity to absorb energy, giving it a higher specific heat capacity than other solvents such as ethanol. Thus, a large amount of energy is needed to break the hydrogen bonds between water molecules to convert liquid water into water vapor. As a molecule, water is not completely stable as each water molecule continuously dissociates into hydrogen and hydroxyl ions before reforming into a water molecule again. In pure water, the number of hydrogen ions balances (or equals) the number of hydroxyl ions, resulting in a pH that is neutral.</SYS>[INST] Based on the following paragraph on water, what makes water cohesive. [/INST] Water is made cohesive due to its polar property which allows it to attract other water molecules via hydrogen bonds. </s>

How many U.S. presidents were born in Virginia.

Eight presidents, including the first four of five, were born in Virginia - which is known as the "Mother of Presidents." They include: George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, William Henry Harrison, John Tyler, Zachary Taylor and Woodrow Wilson.

general_qa

<s>[INST] How many U.S. presidents were born in Virginia. [/INST] Eight presidents, including the first four of five, were born in Virginia - which is known as the "Mother of Presidents." They include: George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, William Henry Harrison, John Tyler, Zachary Taylor and Woodrow Wilson. </s>

Given a reference text about Elk Grove, what state is it located in and about how many people live there?

Elk Grove is a city in Sacramento County, California, United States. Located just south of the state capital of Sacramento, it is part of the Sacramento–Arden-Arcade–Roseville Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 Census, the population of the city was 176,124. A 2021 Census estimate puts the population of the city at 178,997. Elk Grove has many wineries, wine cellars, and vineyards. Elk Grove was the fastest-growing city in the U.S. between July 1, 2004, and July 1, 2005, and is also presently the second-largest city in Sacramento County by population. The City of Elk Grove became the first city in California to be incorporated in the 21st century. It is a general law city with a council/manager form of government. One of Elk Grove's largest employers is the Elk Grove Unified School District, which is the city's second largest employer.

Elk Grove is a city in California and has a population of about 180,000.

closed_qa

<s><SYS>Elk Grove is a city in Sacramento County, California, United States. Located just south of the state capital of Sacramento, it is part of the Sacramento–Arden-Arcade–Roseville Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 Census, the population of the city was 176,124. A 2021 Census estimate puts the population of the city at 178,997. Elk Grove has many wineries, wine cellars, and vineyards. Elk Grove was the fastest-growing city in the U.S. between July 1, 2004, and July 1, 2005, and is also presently the second-largest city in Sacramento County by population. The City of Elk Grove became the first city in California to be incorporated in the 21st century. It is a general law city with a council/manager form of government. One of Elk Grove's largest employers is the Elk Grove Unified School District, which is the city's second largest employer.</SYS>[INST] Given a reference text about Elk Grove, what state is it located in and about how many people live there? [/INST] Elk Grove is a city in California and has a population of about 180,000. </s>

What are some typical attributes of a tortoiseshell cat?

Common attributes of a tortoiseshell (also referred to as "tortie") cat include golden eyes, a mottled coat that is mostly black and orange, and pink and/or black leathers. There is also an assumption that tortie cats are sassy, which is referenced as "tortietude."

open_qa

<s>[INST] What are some typical attributes of a tortoiseshell cat? [/INST] Common attributes of a tortoiseshell (also referred to as "tortie") cat include golden eyes, a mottled coat that is mostly black and orange, and pink and/or black leathers. There is also an assumption that tortie cats are sassy, which is referenced as "tortietude." </s>

Tell me whether this is a mammal or a bird: parrot, dolphin, dog, guinea pig, parakeet.

A dophin, dog, and guinea pig are mammals. A parrot and parakeet are birds.

classification

<s>[INST] Tell me whether this is a mammal or a bird: parrot, dolphin, dog, guinea pig, parakeet. [/INST] A dophin, dog, and guinea pig are mammals. A parrot and parakeet are birds. </s>

Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Stupendemys, Gray Whale

Gray Whale is alive, Stupendemys is extinct.

classification

<s>[INST] Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Stupendemys, Gray Whale [/INST] Gray Whale is alive, Stupendemys is extinct. </s>

Write a friendly email to my neighbor asking them to keep the noise down after 10pm on Weekdays.

Hi Neighbor! I hope this email finds you well and getting ready for the sunny spring weather. As the days grow longer, I wanted to ask you for a small favor: can you please try to keep the noise down after 10pm on weekdays? to be clear, I'm not suggesting we all live in libraries--just that external parties, loud music, and fireworks cease after 10pm on weekdays. I'm hopeful that 10pm represents a reasonable compromise between those socializing late and those waking up early. Let me know if you disagree and we can try to work out an alternative compromise. And by all means, please let us know if there are special occasions and/or considerations we should understand. Our goal is to maintain this healthy, thriving neighborhood. Thank you, Kevin

creative_writing

<s>[INST] Write a friendly email to my neighbor asking them to keep the noise down after 10pm on Weekdays. [/INST] Hi Neighbor! I hope this email finds you well and getting ready for the sunny spring weather. As the days grow longer, I wanted to ask you for a small favor: can you please try to keep the noise down after 10pm on weekdays? to be clear, I'm not suggesting we all live in libraries--just that external parties, loud music, and fireworks cease after 10pm on weekdays. I'm hopeful that 10pm represents a reasonable compromise between those socializing late and those waking up early. Let me know if you disagree and we can try to work out an alternative compromise. And by all means, please let us know if there are special occasions and/or considerations we should understand. Our goal is to maintain this healthy, thriving neighborhood. Thank you, Kevin </s>

What are easy desserts I can make at home?

Some simple desserts to make from scratch are chocolate chip cookies, oatmeal raisin cookies, and sugar cookies. Banana pudding is easy to make and requires only a few ingredients. Additionally, some recipes for peanut butter cookies require only three ingredients.

brainstorming

<s>[INST] What are easy desserts I can make at home? [/INST] Some simple desserts to make from scratch are chocolate chip cookies, oatmeal raisin cookies, and sugar cookies. Banana pudding is easy to make and requires only a few ingredients. Additionally, some recipes for peanut butter cookies require only three ingredients. </s>

What are the differences between acoustic guitars and classic guitars?

There are several differences between acoustic guitars and classic (nylon) guitars. 1) The strings in acoustic guitars are made of steel, but for a classic guitar they are made of nylon. 2) the second difference is in the sound and tone they are producing. The sound created by an acoustic guitar is more crisp and twangy as apposed to the one created by a classic guitar which is more mellow. 3) The third difference is in the shape and body. The neck of an classic guitar is wider.

open_qa

<s>[INST] What are the differences between acoustic guitars and classic guitars? [/INST] There are several differences between acoustic guitars and classic (nylon) guitars. 1) The strings in acoustic guitars are made of steel, but for a classic guitar they are made of nylon. 2) the second difference is in the sound and tone they are producing. The sound created by an acoustic guitar is more crisp and twangy as apposed to the one created by a classic guitar which is more mellow. 3) The third difference is in the shape and body. The neck of an classic guitar is wider. </s>

Give me five books that I should read today.

There are many books that you could read today, however, if I could recommend a few, I would recommend the following: The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, Let The Great World Spin, by Colum McCann, 1984 by George Orwell, Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen, and The Diary of Anne Frank, by Anne Frank.

open_qa

<s>[INST] Give me five books that I should read today. [/INST] There are many books that you could read today, however, if I could recommend a few, I would recommend the following: The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, Let The Great World Spin, by Colum McCann, 1984 by George Orwell, Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen, and The Diary of Anne Frank, by Anne Frank. </s>

According to the below, what is the Markov decision process?

In mathematics, a Markov decision process (MDP) is a discrete-time stochastic control process. It provides a mathematical framework for modeling decision making in situations where outcomes are partly random and partly under the control of a decision maker. MDPs are useful for studying optimization problems solved via dynamic programming. MDPs were known at least as early as the 1950s; a core body of research on Markov decision processes resulted from Ronald Howard's 1960 book, Dynamic Programming and Markov Processes. They are used in many disciplines, including robotics, automatic control, economics and manufacturing. The name of MDPs comes from the Russian mathematician Andrey Markov as they are an extension of Markov chains.

A Markov decision process (MDP) is a mathematical framework for modeling decision making in cases where outcomes are not entirely under the control of decision makers. MDPs are used in a variety of disciplines, such as robotics and economics.

summarization

<s><SYS>In mathematics, a Markov decision process (MDP) is a discrete-time stochastic control process. It provides a mathematical framework for modeling decision making in situations where outcomes are partly random and partly under the control of a decision maker. MDPs are useful for studying optimization problems solved via dynamic programming. MDPs were known at least as early as the 1950s; a core body of research on Markov decision processes resulted from Ronald Howard's 1960 book, Dynamic Programming and Markov Processes. They are used in many disciplines, including robotics, automatic control, economics and manufacturing. The name of MDPs comes from the Russian mathematician Andrey Markov as they are an extension of Markov chains.</SYS>[INST] According to the below, what is the Markov decision process? [/INST] A Markov decision process (MDP) is a mathematical framework for modeling decision making in cases where outcomes are not entirely under the control of decision makers. MDPs are used in a variety of disciplines, such as robotics and economics. </s>

Should I buy a gravel bike or a down country mountain bike?

Although there is reasonable overlap in what you can use gravel and downcountry bikes for, the answer her largely depends on what you plan to do the most of and if trail riding will be important for you. Gravel bikes are great for covering offroad miles more efficiently and long days in the saddle both on road or offroad. However, the lack of any meaningful suspension means that or but a small amount of time off paths and more established trails will be hard work. Downcountry bikes will enable you to go on a wider range of terrain, inlcuding the ability to do trail riding (be very careful before trying to navigate downhill trails on a gravel bike!). However, downcountry bikes are usually heavier but the full suspension and geometry makes them less efficient compared to a gravel bike.

general_qa

<s>[INST] Should I buy a gravel bike or a down country mountain bike? [/INST] Although there is reasonable overlap in what you can use gravel and downcountry bikes for, the answer her largely depends on what you plan to do the most of and if trail riding will be important for you. Gravel bikes are great for covering offroad miles more efficiently and long days in the saddle both on road or offroad. However, the lack of any meaningful suspension means that or but a small amount of time off paths and more established trails will be hard work. Downcountry bikes will enable you to go on a wider range of terrain, inlcuding the ability to do trail riding (be very careful before trying to navigate downhill trails on a gravel bike!). However, downcountry bikes are usually heavier but the full suspension and geometry makes them less efficient compared to a gravel bike. </s>

How can I be more productive?

The best way to be productive is to starting "doing" rather than "thinking" * Set small goals * Reward yourself for completing those small goals, small rewards like taking a break, eating your favourite snack, spending time with your kid. * Do not multi-task because we really can not. * Create a list of things to do and strike it off one by one. Do not get overwhelmed by the list. * If you can delegate something do that, but make sure to follow up. * Actually there is a course by David Allen on LinkedIn Learning or you can also read his book "Getting Things Done" it tells you about a 5 step process. Capture , Clarify, Organize, Review, Engage. * And anything that can be done in 2 minutes, just finish it off. Starting with one small thing, will make you productive. It is like a dominos, you change one keystone habit and it changes all the others eventually.

brainstorming

<s>[INST] How can I be more productive? [/INST] The best way to be productive is to starting "doing" rather than "thinking" * Set small goals * Reward yourself for completing those small goals, small rewards like taking a break, eating your favourite snack, spending time with your kid. * Do not multi-task because we really can not. * Create a list of things to do and strike it off one by one. Do not get overwhelmed by the list. * If you can delegate something do that, but make sure to follow up. * Actually there is a course by David Allen on LinkedIn Learning or you can also read his book "Getting Things Done" it tells you about a 5 step process. Capture , Clarify, Organize, Review, Engage. * And anything that can be done in 2 minutes, just finish it off. Starting with one small thing, will make you productive. It is like a dominos, you change one keystone habit and it changes all the others eventually. </s>

Tell me what are aspects of polytopes from given text

In geometry, a simplicial polytope is a polytope whose facets are all simplices. For example, a simplicial polyhedron in three dimensions contains only triangular faces and corresponds via Steinitz's theorem to a maximal planar graph. They are topologically dual to simple polytopes. Polytopes which are both simple and simplicial are either simplices or two-dimensional polygons.

1. A simplicial polytope is a polytope in geometry where each facet is a simplice. 2. As an illustration, a simplicial polyhedron in three dimensions with only triangular faces corresponds to a maximum planar network according to Steinitz's theorem. 3. They are simple polytopes topological dual. 4. Two-dimensional polygons or simplices are polytopes that are both simple and simplicial.

summarization

<s><SYS>In geometry, a simplicial polytope is a polytope whose facets are all simplices. For example, a simplicial polyhedron in three dimensions contains only triangular faces and corresponds via Steinitz's theorem to a maximal planar graph. They are topologically dual to simple polytopes. Polytopes which are both simple and simplicial are either simplices or two-dimensional polygons.</SYS>[INST] Tell me what are aspects of polytopes from given text [/INST] 1. A simplicial polytope is a polytope in geometry where each facet is a simplice. 2. As an illustration, a simplicial polyhedron in three dimensions with only triangular faces corresponds to a maximum planar network according to Steinitz's theorem. 3. They are simple polytopes topological dual. 4. Two-dimensional polygons or simplices are polytopes that are both simple and simplicial. </s>

What links Willie Brant, Lech Walesa, Yasser Arafat

Nobel Peace Prize

open_qa

<s>[INST] What links Willie Brant, Lech Walesa, Yasser Arafat [/INST] Nobel Peace Prize </s>

What is Noether's theorem and how does it relate symmetries to conserved quantities?

Emmy Noether proposed a theorem that states that for every symmetry in physics, there is a conserved quantity. For example, for the symmetry that the laws of physics are unchanged by a translation in space, a rotation in space, or an offset in time, the corresponding conserved quantities are linear momentum, angular momentum, and the conservation of energy.

open_qa

<s>[INST] What is Noether's theorem and how does it relate symmetries to conserved quantities? [/INST] Emmy Noether proposed a theorem that states that for every symmetry in physics, there is a conserved quantity. For example, for the symmetry that the laws of physics are unchanged by a translation in space, a rotation in space, or an offset in time, the corresponding conserved quantities are linear momentum, angular momentum, and the conservation of energy. </s>

What was the world’s first high level programming language 1957

IBM FORTRAN

open_qa

<s>[INST] What was the world’s first high level programming language 1957 [/INST] IBM FORTRAN </s>

Who is the psychologist Jonathan Young

Jonathan Young (born September 29, 1944) is a psychologist who became the founding curator of the Joseph Campbell Archives. Background Young developed an interest in the teaching functions of stories through early exposure to folklore. He was one of six children in a much-traveled family. His parents read and discussed the lore of each place they visited, such as the Little Mermaid in Copenhagen, the Pied Piper in Hamelin, the Arabian Nights in Baghdad, and the Buddha in India and Japan. His graduate studies focused on the psychology of stories, and included work with Viktor Frankl, Rollo May, Abraham Maslow, and Carl Rogers. He earned his PhD in Clinical Psychology from Alliant International University. Career Joseph Campbell with Jonathan Young, 1985. Young is best known for his series of books, Saga: Best New Writings on Mythology. He assisted mythologist Joseph Campbell for several years at seminars. In addition to the Campbell archives, he organized the collections of psychologist James Hillman, and archeologist Marija Gimbutas. As a professor, Young created and chaired the Mythological Studies Department at the Pacifica Graduate Institute, working with Jungian theorists such as Robert Bly, Marion Woodman, Robert A. Johnson, Jean Houston, and Thomas Moore. In 1995, Dr. Young launched the Center for Story and Symbol in Santa Barbara, California to continue the work of Joseph Campbell. Through the center's programs, he presents seminars internationally on the uses of mythic stories for therapists, writers, clergy, and teachers. He also teaches the hero's journey in screenwriting programs. He lectures occasionally at universities, such as UCLA, Notre Dame, and Oxford, as well as ongoing courses in Mythopoetics at Pacifica Graduate Institute. He is featured in the History Channel documentary Star Wars: The Legacy Revealed. He also frequently appears on the History Channel and H2 television series Ancient Aliens. Works Saga: Best New Writings on Mythology Article on Joseph Campbell, The Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers

Jonathan Young (born September 29, 1944) is a psychologist who became the founding curator of the Joseph Campbell Archives. Background Young developed an interest in the teaching functions of stories through early exposure to folklore. He was one of six children in a much-traveled family. His parents read and discussed the lore of each place they visited, such as the Little Mermaid in Copenhagen, the Pied Piper in Hamelin, the Arabian Nights in Baghdad, and the Buddha in India and Japan. His graduate studies focused on the psychology of stories, and included work with Viktor Frankl, Rollo May, Abraham Maslow, and Carl Rogers. He earned his PhD in Clinical Psychology from Alliant International University. Career Young is best known for his series of books, Saga: Best New Writings on Mythology. He assisted mythologist Joseph Campbell for several years at seminars. In addition to the Campbell archives, he organized the collections of psychologist James Hillman, and archeologist Marija Gimbutas. As a professor, Young created and chaired the Mythological Studies Department at the Pacifica Graduate Institute, working with Jungian theorists such as Robert Bly, Marion Woodman, Robert A. Johnson, Jean Houston, and Thomas Moore. In 1995, Dr. Young launched the Center for Story and Symbol in Santa Barbara, California to continue the work of Joseph Campbell. Through the center's programs, he presents seminars internationally on the uses of mythic stories for therapists, writers, clergy, and teachers. He also teaches the hero's journey in screenwriting programs. He lectures occasionally at universities, such as UCLA, Notre Dame, and Oxford, as well as ongoing courses in Mythopoetics at Pacifica Graduate Institute. He is featured in the History Channel documentary Star Wars: The Legacy Revealed. He also frequently appears on the History Channel and H2 television series Ancient Aliens. Works Saga: Best New Writings on Mythology Article on Joseph Campbell, The Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers

closed_qa

<s><SYS>Jonathan Young (born September 29, 1944) is a psychologist who became the founding curator of the Joseph Campbell Archives. Background Young developed an interest in the teaching functions of stories through early exposure to folklore. He was one of six children in a much-traveled family. His parents read and discussed the lore of each place they visited, such as the Little Mermaid in Copenhagen, the Pied Piper in Hamelin, the Arabian Nights in Baghdad, and the Buddha in India and Japan. His graduate studies focused on the psychology of stories, and included work with Viktor Frankl, Rollo May, Abraham Maslow, and Carl Rogers. He earned his PhD in Clinical Psychology from Alliant International University. Career Joseph Campbell with Jonathan Young, 1985. Young is best known for his series of books, Saga: Best New Writings on Mythology. He assisted mythologist Joseph Campbell for several years at seminars. In addition to the Campbell archives, he organized the collections of psychologist James Hillman, and archeologist Marija Gimbutas. As a professor, Young created and chaired the Mythological Studies Department at the Pacifica Graduate Institute, working with Jungian theorists such as Robert Bly, Marion Woodman, Robert A. Johnson, Jean Houston, and Thomas Moore. In 1995, Dr. Young launched the Center for Story and Symbol in Santa Barbara, California to continue the work of Joseph Campbell. Through the center's programs, he presents seminars internationally on the uses of mythic stories for therapists, writers, clergy, and teachers. He also teaches the hero's journey in screenwriting programs. He lectures occasionally at universities, such as UCLA, Notre Dame, and Oxford, as well as ongoing courses in Mythopoetics at Pacifica Graduate Institute. He is featured in the History Channel documentary Star Wars: The Legacy Revealed. He also frequently appears on the History Channel and H2 television series Ancient Aliens. Works Saga: Best New Writings on Mythology Article on Joseph Campbell, The Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers</SYS>[INST] Who is the psychologist Jonathan Young [/INST] Jonathan Young (born September 29, 1944) is a psychologist who became the founding curator of the Joseph Campbell Archives. Background Young developed an interest in the teaching functions of stories through early exposure to folklore. He was one of six children in a much-traveled family. His parents read and discussed the lore of each place they visited, such as the Little Mermaid in Copenhagen, the Pied Piper in Hamelin, the Arabian Nights in Baghdad, and the Buddha in India and Japan. His graduate studies focused on the psychology of stories, and included work with Viktor Frankl, Rollo May, Abraham Maslow, and Carl Rogers. He earned his PhD in Clinical Psychology from Alliant International University. Career Young is best known for his series of books, Saga: Best New Writings on Mythology. He assisted mythologist Joseph Campbell for several years at seminars. In addition to the Campbell archives, he organized the collections of psychologist James Hillman, and archeologist Marija Gimbutas. As a professor, Young created and chaired the Mythological Studies Department at the Pacifica Graduate Institute, working with Jungian theorists such as Robert Bly, Marion Woodman, Robert A. Johnson, Jean Houston, and Thomas Moore. In 1995, Dr. Young launched the Center for Story and Symbol in Santa Barbara, California to continue the work of Joseph Campbell. Through the center's programs, he presents seminars internationally on the uses of mythic stories for therapists, writers, clergy, and teachers. He also teaches the hero's journey in screenwriting programs. He lectures occasionally at universities, such as UCLA, Notre Dame, and Oxford, as well as ongoing courses in Mythopoetics at Pacifica Graduate Institute. He is featured in the History Channel documentary Star Wars: The Legacy Revealed. He also frequently appears on the History Channel and H2 television series Ancient Aliens. Works Saga: Best New Writings on Mythology Article on Joseph Campbell, The Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers </s>

From this passage, tell me what was Osborne Computer Corporation's mistake.

The Osborne effect is a social phenomenon of customers canceling or deferring orders for the current, soon-to-be-obsolete product as an unexpected drawback of a company's announcing a future product prematurely. It is an example of cannibalization. The term alludes to the Osborne Computer Corporation, whose second product did not become available until more than a year after it was announced. The company's subsequent bankruptcy was widely blamed on reduced sales after the announcement. The Osborne Effect states that prematurely discussing future, unavailable products damages sales of existing products. The name comes from the planned replacement of the Osborne 1, an early personal computer first sold by the Osborne Computer Corporation in 1981. In 1983, founder Adam Osborne pre-announced several next-generation computer models (the Osborne Executive and Osborne Vixen), which were only prototypes, highlighting the fact that they would outperform the existing model as the prototypes dramatically cut down assembly time. A widely held belief was that sales of the Osborne 1 fell sharply as customers anticipated those more advanced systems, leading to a sales decline from which Osborne Computer was unable to recover. This belief appeared in the media almost immediately after the company's September 1983 bankruptcy: To give the jazzy $2,495 Osborne Executive a running start, Adam began orchestrating publicity early in 1983. We, along with many other magazines, were shown the machine in locked hotel rooms. We were required not to have anything in print about it until the planned release date in mid-April. As far as we know, nothing did appear in print, but dealers heard about the plans and cancelled orders for the Osborne 1 in droves. In early April, Osborne told dealers he would be showing them the machine on a one-week tour the week of 17 April, and emphasized that the new machine was not a competitor for the Osborne 1. But dealers didn't react the way Osborne expected; said Osborne, "All of them just cancelled their orders for the Osborne 1." Osborne reacted by drastically cutting prices on the Osborne 1 in an effort to stimulate cash flow. But nothing seemed to work, and for several months sales were practically non-existent. Pre-announcement is done for several reasons: to reassure current customers that there is improvement or lower cost coming, to increase the interest of the media and investors in the company's future prospects, and to intimidate or confuse competitors. When done correctly, the sales or cash flow impact to the company is minimal, with the revenue drop for the current product being offset by orders or completed sales of the new product as it becomes available. However, when the Osborne effect occurs, the quantity of unsold goods increases and the company must react by discounting and/or lowering production of the current product, both of which depress cash flow.

It's widely believed that Osborne Computer Corporation's bankruptcy was caused by the premature announcement of some highly performant successor models to their flagship Osborne 1 personal computer. The announcement was initially restricted, but as the news spread dealers cancelled orders for Osborne 1 in droves. The company drastically reduced the prices of Osborne 1 in reaction. This, however, didn't stop the decline in sales.

information_extraction

<s><SYS>The Osborne effect is a social phenomenon of customers canceling or deferring orders for the current, soon-to-be-obsolete product as an unexpected drawback of a company's announcing a future product prematurely. It is an example of cannibalization. The term alludes to the Osborne Computer Corporation, whose second product did not become available until more than a year after it was announced. The company's subsequent bankruptcy was widely blamed on reduced sales after the announcement. The Osborne Effect states that prematurely discussing future, unavailable products damages sales of existing products. The name comes from the planned replacement of the Osborne 1, an early personal computer first sold by the Osborne Computer Corporation in 1981. In 1983, founder Adam Osborne pre-announced several next-generation computer models (the Osborne Executive and Osborne Vixen), which were only prototypes, highlighting the fact that they would outperform the existing model as the prototypes dramatically cut down assembly time. A widely held belief was that sales of the Osborne 1 fell sharply as customers anticipated those more advanced systems, leading to a sales decline from which Osborne Computer was unable to recover. This belief appeared in the media almost immediately after the company's September 1983 bankruptcy: To give the jazzy $2,495 Osborne Executive a running start, Adam began orchestrating publicity early in 1983. We, along with many other magazines, were shown the machine in locked hotel rooms. We were required not to have anything in print about it until the planned release date in mid-April. As far as we know, nothing did appear in print, but dealers heard about the plans and cancelled orders for the Osborne 1 in droves. In early April, Osborne told dealers he would be showing them the machine on a one-week tour the week of 17 April, and emphasized that the new machine was not a competitor for the Osborne 1. But dealers didn't react the way Osborne expected; said Osborne, "All of them just cancelled their orders for the Osborne 1." Osborne reacted by drastically cutting prices on the Osborne 1 in an effort to stimulate cash flow. But nothing seemed to work, and for several months sales were practically non-existent. Pre-announcement is done for several reasons: to reassure current customers that there is improvement or lower cost coming, to increase the interest of the media and investors in the company's future prospects, and to intimidate or confuse competitors. When done correctly, the sales or cash flow impact to the company is minimal, with the revenue drop for the current product being offset by orders or completed sales of the new product as it becomes available. However, when the Osborne effect occurs, the quantity of unsold goods increases and the company must react by discounting and/or lowering production of the current product, both of which depress cash flow.</SYS>[INST] From this passage, tell me what was Osborne Computer Corporation's mistake. [/INST] It's widely believed that Osborne Computer Corporation's bankruptcy was caused by the premature announcement of some highly performant successor models to their flagship Osborne 1 personal computer. The announcement was initially restricted, but as the news spread dealers cancelled orders for Osborne 1 in droves. The company drastically reduced the prices of Osborne 1 in reaction. This, however, didn't stop the decline in sales. </s>

You are a product manager at an enterprise software company Y. Your CEO has asked you to write a report on how well the company supports X capabilities. Provide a template email to send to my CEO that includes a TLDR and a link to the report. Use “<” and “>” to denote placeholder text I need to customize.

<CEO name>: Please see the following overview of Y’s support on X capabilities: <link to report> TLDR * <The most important takeaway you want the CEO to get from this report> * <A critical gap you identified in Y’s ability to support X capabilities> * <A key learning you were surprised by after performing your research for the report> Let me know if you have any comments/questions. We aim to use this report to inform our product strategy. <Your name>

creative_writing

<s>[INST] You are a product manager at an enterprise software company Y. Your CEO has asked you to write a report on how well the company supports X capabilities. Provide a template email to send to my CEO that includes a TLDR and a link to the report. Use “<” and “>” to denote placeholder text I need to customize. [/INST] <CEO name>: Please see the following overview of Y’s support on X capabilities: <link to report> TLDR * <The most important takeaway you want the CEO to get from this report> * <A critical gap you identified in Y’s ability to support X capabilities> * <A key learning you were surprised by after performing your research for the report> Let me know if you have any comments/questions. We aim to use this report to inform our product strategy. <Your name> </s>

How long did Air Finland operate?

Oy Air Finland was an airline with its head office and base at Helsinki Airport in Vantaa, Finland, which was operating chartered and scheduled flights to holiday destinations, as well as aircraft lease services. The company was founded in 2002 and filed for bankruptcy in 2012. History Boeing 757-200 in the old livery at Kangerlussuaq Airport (2010). Boeing 757-200 in the latest livery at Málaga Airport (2012). An ex-Air Finland Boeing 757-200 in basic Jet2 Holidays livery at Leeds Bradford International Airport (2011) The airline was established in January 2002 and started flight operations on 3 April 2003. It was owned by three individuals from the aviation, finance and travel marketing industries: Harri Naivo (Chairman and Chief Financial Officer), Mika Helenius (Chief Executive Officer), and Lauri Komi. At March 2007, the company had 210 employees. On 26 June 2012, Air Finland announced that it would immediately cancel all flights and filed for bankruptcy.

They operated as a business for 10 years, between 2002 and 2012.

closed_qa

<s><SYS>Oy Air Finland was an airline with its head office and base at Helsinki Airport in Vantaa, Finland, which was operating chartered and scheduled flights to holiday destinations, as well as aircraft lease services. The company was founded in 2002 and filed for bankruptcy in 2012. History Boeing 757-200 in the old livery at Kangerlussuaq Airport (2010). Boeing 757-200 in the latest livery at Málaga Airport (2012). An ex-Air Finland Boeing 757-200 in basic Jet2 Holidays livery at Leeds Bradford International Airport (2011) The airline was established in January 2002 and started flight operations on 3 April 2003. It was owned by three individuals from the aviation, finance and travel marketing industries: Harri Naivo (Chairman and Chief Financial Officer), Mika Helenius (Chief Executive Officer), and Lauri Komi. At March 2007, the company had 210 employees. On 26 June 2012, Air Finland announced that it would immediately cancel all flights and filed for bankruptcy.</SYS>[INST] How long did Air Finland operate? [/INST] They operated as a business for 10 years, between 2002 and 2012. </s>

Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Chime bar, Pinaka vina

Pinaka vina is string, Chime bar is percussion.

classification

<s>[INST] Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Chime bar, Pinaka vina [/INST] Pinaka vina is string, Chime bar is percussion. </s>

Provide a dot point list of the last six artists that won a Grammy Award for Best Album. Include the title of the album and the year they won.

Here is a list of the last six artists that won a Grammy Award for Best Album. - Harry Styles won for the album 'Harry's House' in 2023 - Jon Batiste won for the album 'We Are' in 2022 - Taylor Swift won for 'Folklore' in 2021 - Billie Eilish won for 'When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go?' in 2020 - Kacey Musgraves won for the album 'Golden Hour' in 2019 - Bruno Mars won for '24K Magic' in 2018

brainstorming

<s>[INST] Provide a dot point list of the last six artists that won a Grammy Award for Best Album. Include the title of the album and the year they won. [/INST] Here is a list of the last six artists that won a Grammy Award for Best Album. - Harry Styles won for the album 'Harry's House' in 2023 - Jon Batiste won for the album 'We Are' in 2022 - Taylor Swift won for 'Folklore' in 2021 - Billie Eilish won for 'When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go?' in 2020 - Kacey Musgraves won for the album 'Golden Hour' in 2019 - Bruno Mars won for '24K Magic' in 2018 </s>

What would you suggest as to how someone could sell a bike?

There are a number of ways to sell a bike. The simplest way is to ask friends or family if someone would be interested in purchasing, next look at your closest community. Usually in apartments, or even in towns, there are community noticeboards that you could use to advertise your bike. Finally, there are many online community sites on platforms such as Facebook, where you could list your bike for sale.

brainstorming

<s>[INST] What would you suggest as to how someone could sell a bike? [/INST] There are a number of ways to sell a bike. The simplest way is to ask friends or family if someone would be interested in purchasing, next look at your closest community. Usually in apartments, or even in towns, there are community noticeboards that you could use to advertise your bike. Finally, there are many online community sites on platforms such as Facebook, where you could list your bike for sale. </s>

Total # of Documentary in Netflix since 2023

Documentaries Title Premiere Runtime Language Mumbai Mafia: Police vs The Underworld January 6, 2023 1 h 27 min English The Hatchet Wielding Hitchhiker January 10, 2023 1 h 25 min English Big Mäck: Gangsters and Gold January 20, 2023 1 h 30 min German Pamela, a Love Story January 31, 2023 1 h 52 min English Money Shot: The Pornhub Story March 15, 2023 1 h 34 min English Caught Out: Crime. Corruption. Cricket. March 17, 2023 1 h 17 min English Lewis Capaldi: How I'm Feeling Now April 5, 2023 1 h 36 min English

There are 8 Documentaries on netflix since 2023

summarization

<s><SYS>Documentaries Title Premiere Runtime Language Mumbai Mafia: Police vs The Underworld January 6, 2023 1 h 27 min English The Hatchet Wielding Hitchhiker January 10, 2023 1 h 25 min English Big Mäck: Gangsters and Gold January 20, 2023 1 h 30 min German Pamela, a Love Story January 31, 2023 1 h 52 min English Money Shot: The Pornhub Story March 15, 2023 1 h 34 min English Caught Out: Crime. Corruption. Cricket. March 17, 2023 1 h 17 min English Lewis Capaldi: How I'm Feeling Now April 5, 2023 1 h 36 min English</SYS>[INST] Total # of Documentary in Netflix since 2023 [/INST] There are 8 Documentaries on netflix since 2023 </s>

Classify the countries based on the continent they belong to - North America or South America with the former as 'north' and the latter as 'south'. United States, Mexico, Canada, Brazil, Columbia, Argentina, Cuba, Jamaica, Chile, Guyana, Peru.

'north', 'north', 'north', 'south', 'south', 'south', 'north', 'north', 'south', 'south', 'south'.

classification

<s>[INST] Classify the countries based on the continent they belong to - North America or South America with the former as 'north' and the latter as 'south'. United States, Mexico, Canada, Brazil, Columbia, Argentina, Cuba, Jamaica, Chile, Guyana, Peru. [/INST] 'north', 'north', 'north', 'south', 'south', 'south', 'north', 'north', 'south', 'south', 'south'. </s>

Where are most apples grown?

The United States is the second largest apple producer worldwide, behind China. U.S. production is followed by Poland, Italy and France. The United States grows approximately 200 unique apple varieties.

open_qa

<s>[INST] Where are most apples grown? [/INST] The United States is the second largest apple producer worldwide, behind China. U.S. production is followed by Poland, Italy and France. The United States grows approximately 200 unique apple varieties. </s>

what is Modern Talking?

Modern Talking was a German pop music duo consisting of arranger, songwriter and producer Dieter Bohlen and singer Thomas Anders. They have been referred to as Germany's most successful pop duo, and have had a number of hit singles, reaching the top five in many countries. Their most popular singles are "You're My Heart, You're My Soul", "You Can Win If You Want", "Cheri, Cheri Lady", "Brother Louie", "Atlantis Is Calling (S.O.S. for Love)" and "Geronimo's Cadillac". Modern Talking worked together from 1983 to 1987, then the band disbanded. In 1998, they reunited and made a successful comeback, recording and releasing music from 1998 to 2003. The duo released singles (many of which involved American rapper Eric Singleton) which again entered the top ten in Germany and abroad, one of which was the re-recorded version of "You're My Heart, You're My Soul '98". After the duo's second and final break-up in 2003, their global sales had reached 120 million singles and albums combined.

First formed in West Berlin in early 1983, they unexpectedly became popular in the beginning of 1985 with "You're My Heart, You're My Soul", with which they occupied top ten positions in 35 countries including their homeland where the single perched at the top for six consecutive weeks, the single eventually went on to sell eight million copies worldwide. The track was then followed by another number-one hit, "You Can Win If You Want", which was released in the middle of 1985 from the debut album The 1st Album. The album was certified platinum in Germany for selling over 500,000 units. Soon after their second hit, Modern Talking released the single "Cheri, Cheri Lady" which also quickly climbed to the top of the charts in West Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Norway, meanwhile entering the top ten in Sweden and the Netherlands. The single, being the only track released from their second album Let's Talk About Love, managed to push the album to a platinum status in West Germany for sales of over 500,000. The success continued with another two number one singles, "Brother Louie" and "Atlantis Is Calling (S.O.S. for Love)", both from the third album, Ready for Romance. The duo also charted high with their sixth single "Geronimo's Cadillac" from the fourth album In the Middle of Nowhere, and "Jet Airliner" from their fifth album Romantic Warriors. Due to their lackluster received sixth album, Bohlen announced the end of the project during an interview, while Anders was in Los Angeles. This sparked further animosities between the two, who had had a tumultuous and quarreling relationship even when they were together. According to Bohlen, the main reason for breaking up the group was Anders' then-wife Nora, who refused to have her husband interviewed by female reporters, and constantly demanded huge changes made to shows, videos or recordings, a fact that Anders later admitted in his biography. After a final phone call during which both men heavily insulted each other, they refused to speak with each other for over 10 years. During this era, Modern Talking were successful in Europe, Asia, South America, the Middle East and in Iran. In the United Kingdom, they entered the top five only once, with the song "Brother Louie". In 1985, RCA signed Modern Talking for a US deal and released their first album in the US, but they remained almost unknown in North America, never appearing on the US charts. They released two albums each year between 1985 and 1987, while also promoting their singles on television all over Europe, eventually selling sixty-five million records within three years. Notably, Modern Talking were one of the first Western bloc bands allowed to sell their records in the Soviet Union. After four decades of Cold War censorship and import restrictions, Mikhail Gorbachev's Glasnost reforms in 1986 opened the Soviet sphere to Western bands, including Modern Talking at the height of their popularity. As a result, they still maintain a large fanbase in Eastern Europe. Between 1987 and 1997 Immediately after the duo split in mid-1987, Bohlen formed his own project called Blue System and enjoyed several high chart positions, with tracks like "Sorry Little Sarah", "My Bed Is Too Big", "Under My Skin", "Love Suite", "Laila" and "Déjà vu". Meanwhile, Anders went solo, touring under the name of Modern Talking on several continents until the beginning of 1989, when he started to record some of his new pop-like material in LA and London, and also in his native country. Anders recorded five solo albums in English, Different, Whispers, Down on Sunset, When Will I See You Again and Souled, and one of his albums was also recorded in Spanish Barcos de Cristal. He was more successful in foreign countries than his own country, yet he also reached several hits in Germany. Despite all the quarrels and disagreements that Bohlen and Anders got into with each other in the past, they began staying in touch again after Anders moved back to Koblenz, Germany in 1994. 1998–2003: Reunion In the beginning of 1998, the duo reunited and had their first performance together in March on the German TV show Wetten, dass..?. They released a remixed version of their 1984 single "You're My Heart, You're My Soul", which features Eric Singleton on the rap vocals. Their first comeback album Back for Good, which included four new tracks, as well as all of the previous hits remixed with modern techniques, stayed at number one in Germany for five consecutive weeks and managed to top the charts in fifteen countries, eventually selling three million copies in Europe alone. The duo won the award for Best Selling German Band at the World Music Awards that year. The follow-up album Alone also went straight to number one in Germany and was very successful elsewhere; the album managed to sell over one million units in Europe alone. Bohlen and Anders followed the 1980s Modern Talking pattern as they chose to release two singles from each album, as in the past. A series of singles and four more albums followed such as Year of the Dragon, America, Victory and Universe. After reaching the point where they had already collected over 400 gold and platinum awards worldwide, Bohlen and Anders decided to disband again in 2003 just before the release of another best-of compilation. The second break-up seemed to have been triggered mainly from the negative portrayal of Anders by Bohlen written in his autobiography published on 4 October 2003. In the course of all the disputes which eventually drove the duo to its break-up, Bohlen was involved in Deutschland sucht den Superstar (DSDS), the German edition of the UK's Pop Idol. The compilation album was released in 2003 entitled The Final Album which contained all of the duo's singles. Thomas Anders started another solo career immediately after the end of Modern Talking, while Bohlen had by now begun devoting most of his time to new talents, especially those he discovered on DSDS.

summarization

<s><SYS>Modern Talking was a German pop music duo consisting of arranger, songwriter and producer Dieter Bohlen and singer Thomas Anders. They have been referred to as Germany's most successful pop duo, and have had a number of hit singles, reaching the top five in many countries. Their most popular singles are "You're My Heart, You're My Soul", "You Can Win If You Want", "Cheri, Cheri Lady", "Brother Louie", "Atlantis Is Calling (S.O.S. for Love)" and "Geronimo's Cadillac". Modern Talking worked together from 1983 to 1987, then the band disbanded. In 1998, they reunited and made a successful comeback, recording and releasing music from 1998 to 2003. The duo released singles (many of which involved American rapper Eric Singleton) which again entered the top ten in Germany and abroad, one of which was the re-recorded version of "You're My Heart, You're My Soul '98". After the duo's second and final break-up in 2003, their global sales had reached 120 million singles and albums combined.</SYS>[INST] what is Modern Talking? [/INST] First formed in West Berlin in early 1983, they unexpectedly became popular in the beginning of 1985 with "You're My Heart, You're My Soul", with which they occupied top ten positions in 35 countries including their homeland where the single perched at the top for six consecutive weeks, the single eventually went on to sell eight million copies worldwide. The track was then followed by another number-one hit, "You Can Win If You Want", which was released in the middle of 1985 from the debut album The 1st Album. The album was certified platinum in Germany for selling over 500,000 units. Soon after their second hit, Modern Talking released the single "Cheri, Cheri Lady" which also quickly climbed to the top of the charts in West Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Norway, meanwhile entering the top ten in Sweden and the Netherlands. The single, being the only track released from their second album Let's Talk About Love, managed to push the album to a platinum status in West Germany for sales of over 500,000. The success continued with another two number one singles, "Brother Louie" and "Atlantis Is Calling (S.O.S. for Love)", both from the third album, Ready for Romance. The duo also charted high with their sixth single "Geronimo's Cadillac" from the fourth album In the Middle of Nowhere, and "Jet Airliner" from their fifth album Romantic Warriors. Due to their lackluster received sixth album, Bohlen announced the end of the project during an interview, while Anders was in Los Angeles. This sparked further animosities between the two, who had had a tumultuous and quarreling relationship even when they were together. According to Bohlen, the main reason for breaking up the group was Anders' then-wife Nora, who refused to have her husband interviewed by female reporters, and constantly demanded huge changes made to shows, videos or recordings, a fact that Anders later admitted in his biography. After a final phone call during which both men heavily insulted each other, they refused to speak with each other for over 10 years. During this era, Modern Talking were successful in Europe, Asia, South America, the Middle East and in Iran. In the United Kingdom, they entered the top five only once, with the song "Brother Louie". In 1985, RCA signed Modern Talking for a US deal and released their first album in the US, but they remained almost unknown in North America, never appearing on the US charts. They released two albums each year between 1985 and 1987, while also promoting their singles on television all over Europe, eventually selling sixty-five million records within three years. Notably, Modern Talking were one of the first Western bloc bands allowed to sell their records in the Soviet Union. After four decades of Cold War censorship and import restrictions, Mikhail Gorbachev's Glasnost reforms in 1986 opened the Soviet sphere to Western bands, including Modern Talking at the height of their popularity. As a result, they still maintain a large fanbase in Eastern Europe. Between 1987 and 1997 Immediately after the duo split in mid-1987, Bohlen formed his own project called Blue System and enjoyed several high chart positions, with tracks like "Sorry Little Sarah", "My Bed Is Too Big", "Under My Skin", "Love Suite", "Laila" and "Déjà vu". Meanwhile, Anders went solo, touring under the name of Modern Talking on several continents until the beginning of 1989, when he started to record some of his new pop-like material in LA and London, and also in his native country. Anders recorded five solo albums in English, Different, Whispers, Down on Sunset, When Will I See You Again and Souled, and one of his albums was also recorded in Spanish Barcos de Cristal. He was more successful in foreign countries than his own country, yet he also reached several hits in Germany. Despite all the quarrels and disagreements that Bohlen and Anders got into with each other in the past, they began staying in touch again after Anders moved back to Koblenz, Germany in 1994. 1998–2003: Reunion In the beginning of 1998, the duo reunited and had their first performance together in March on the German TV show Wetten, dass..?. They released a remixed version of their 1984 single "You're My Heart, You're My Soul", which features Eric Singleton on the rap vocals. Their first comeback album Back for Good, which included four new tracks, as well as all of the previous hits remixed with modern techniques, stayed at number one in Germany for five consecutive weeks and managed to top the charts in fifteen countries, eventually selling three million copies in Europe alone. The duo won the award for Best Selling German Band at the World Music Awards that year. The follow-up album Alone also went straight to number one in Germany and was very successful elsewhere; the album managed to sell over one million units in Europe alone. Bohlen and Anders followed the 1980s Modern Talking pattern as they chose to release two singles from each album, as in the past. A series of singles and four more albums followed such as Year of the Dragon, America, Victory and Universe. After reaching the point where they had already collected over 400 gold and platinum awards worldwide, Bohlen and Anders decided to disband again in 2003 just before the release of another best-of compilation. The second break-up seemed to have been triggered mainly from the negative portrayal of Anders by Bohlen written in his autobiography published on 4 October 2003. In the course of all the disputes which eventually drove the duo to its break-up, Bohlen was involved in Deutschland sucht den Superstar (DSDS), the German edition of the UK's Pop Idol. The compilation album was released in 2003 entitled The Final Album which contained all of the duo's singles. Thomas Anders started another solo career immediately after the end of Modern Talking, while Bohlen had by now begun devoting most of his time to new talents, especially those he discovered on DSDS. </s>

Extract the venues of each Phish concert referenced in this paragraph and list in bulleted format.

On October 1, 2008, the band announced on their website that they had officially reunited, and would play their first shows in five years in March 2009 at the Hampton Coliseum in Hampton, Virginia. The three reunion concerts were held on March 6, 7, and 8, 2009, with "Fluffhead" being the first song the band played onstage at the first show. Approximately 14,000 people attended the concerts over the course of three days, and the band made the shows available for free download on their LivePhish website for a limited time, in order to accommodate fans who were unable to attend. When the band decided to reunite, the members agreed to limit their touring schedule, and they have typically performed about 50 concerts a year since. Following the reunion weekend, Phish embarked on a summer tour which began in May with a concert at Fenway Park in Boston. The Fenway show was followed by a 25-date tour which included performances at the 2009 edition of the Bonnaroo Music Festival in Tennessee and a four date stand at Red Rocks Amphitheatre in Colorado. At Bonnaroo, Phish was joined by Bruce Springsteen on guitar for three songs. Phish's fourteenth studio album, Joy, produced by Steve Lillywhite, was released September 8, 2009. In October, the band held Festival 8, their first multi-day festival event since Coventry in 2004, at the Empire Polo Club in Indio, California. In March 2010, Anastasio inducted Genesis, one of his favorite bands, into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame at the museum's annual ceremony in New York City. In addition to Anastasio's speech, Phish performed the Genesis songs "Watcher of the Skies" and "No Reply at All" at the event. Phish toured in the summer and fall of 2010, and their concerts at Alpine Valley Music Theatre in East Troy, Wisconsin and the Utica Memorial Auditorium in Utica, New York were issued as CD/DVD sets in 2010 and 2011 respectively.

-Hampton Coliseum -Fenway Park -Red Rocks Ampitheatre -Bonnaroo Music Festival -Empire Polo Club -New York City (venue for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame ceremony is not specified) -Alpine Valley Music Theatre -Utica Memorial Auditorium

information_extraction

<s><SYS>On October 1, 2008, the band announced on their website that they had officially reunited, and would play their first shows in five years in March 2009 at the Hampton Coliseum in Hampton, Virginia. The three reunion concerts were held on March 6, 7, and 8, 2009, with "Fluffhead" being the first song the band played onstage at the first show. Approximately 14,000 people attended the concerts over the course of three days, and the band made the shows available for free download on their LivePhish website for a limited time, in order to accommodate fans who were unable to attend. When the band decided to reunite, the members agreed to limit their touring schedule, and they have typically performed about 50 concerts a year since. Following the reunion weekend, Phish embarked on a summer tour which began in May with a concert at Fenway Park in Boston. The Fenway show was followed by a 25-date tour which included performances at the 2009 edition of the Bonnaroo Music Festival in Tennessee and a four date stand at Red Rocks Amphitheatre in Colorado. At Bonnaroo, Phish was joined by Bruce Springsteen on guitar for three songs. Phish's fourteenth studio album, Joy, produced by Steve Lillywhite, was released September 8, 2009. In October, the band held Festival 8, their first multi-day festival event since Coventry in 2004, at the Empire Polo Club in Indio, California. In March 2010, Anastasio inducted Genesis, one of his favorite bands, into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame at the museum's annual ceremony in New York City. In addition to Anastasio's speech, Phish performed the Genesis songs "Watcher of the Skies" and "No Reply at All" at the event. Phish toured in the summer and fall of 2010, and their concerts at Alpine Valley Music Theatre in East Troy, Wisconsin and the Utica Memorial Auditorium in Utica, New York were issued as CD/DVD sets in 2010 and 2011 respectively.</SYS>[INST] Extract the venues of each Phish concert referenced in this paragraph and list in bulleted format. [/INST] -Hampton Coliseum -Fenway Park -Red Rocks Ampitheatre -Bonnaroo Music Festival -Empire Polo Club -New York City (venue for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame ceremony is not specified) -Alpine Valley Music Theatre -Utica Memorial Auditorium </s>

Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Caxixi, Gunjac

Gunjac is string, Caxixi is percussion.

classification

<s>[INST] Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Caxixi, Gunjac [/INST] Gunjac is string, Caxixi is percussion. </s>

Identify which teams in the following list are hockey teams: Buffalo Sabres, Detroit Red Wings, Florida Panthers, Montreal Canadiens, New England Patriots, Pittsburgh Pirates, new York Yankees, Texas Rangers, Manchester United, Ottawa Senators, Tampa Bay Lightning, Toronto Maple Leafs, Chelsea, Liverpool FC, Los Angeles Lakers, Toronto Raptors, Arizona Coyotes, Chicago Blackhawks, Colorado Avalanche, Dallas Stars, Minnesota Wild, Pittsburgh Steelers

The NHL teams in this list are as follows: Buffalo Sabres, Detroit Red Wings, Florida Panthers, Montreal Canadiens, Ottawa Senators, Tampa Bay Lightning, Toronto Maple Leafs, Arizona Coyotes, Chicago Blackhawks, Colorado Avalanche, Dallas Stars, and the Minnesota Wild.

classification

<s>[INST] Identify which teams in the following list are hockey teams: Buffalo Sabres, Detroit Red Wings, Florida Panthers, Montreal Canadiens, New England Patriots, Pittsburgh Pirates, new York Yankees, Texas Rangers, Manchester United, Ottawa Senators, Tampa Bay Lightning, Toronto Maple Leafs, Chelsea, Liverpool FC, Los Angeles Lakers, Toronto Raptors, Arizona Coyotes, Chicago Blackhawks, Colorado Avalanche, Dallas Stars, Minnesota Wild, Pittsburgh Steelers [/INST] The NHL teams in this list are as follows: Buffalo Sabres, Detroit Red Wings, Florida Panthers, Montreal Canadiens, Ottawa Senators, Tampa Bay Lightning, Toronto Maple Leafs, Arizona Coyotes, Chicago Blackhawks, Colorado Avalanche, Dallas Stars, and the Minnesota Wild. </s>

List down the key takeaways from the below paragraph on how Singapore growth is derived from its monetary policy

Unlike many other central banks such as Federal Reserve System, European Central Bank or Bank of England, MAS does not regulate the monetary system via interest rates to influence the liquidity in the system. Instead, it chooses to do it via the foreign exchange mechanism, which it has been doing since 1981. In doing so it manages the Singapore dollar versus a number of currencies that they do not reveal publicly – a Singapore dollar nominal effective exchange rate (S$ NEER). It carries this out by intervening in the SGD market as well as other operations in the money market. The MAS reviews its policy stance less frequently than most central banks, in a cycle that is around every 6 months. In some circumstances, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic MAS can change the date of its twice yearly meeting.

Policy to adopt foreign exchange mechanism instead of interest rates to regulate monetary system It manages Singapore dollar against multiple currency. it policy review/change is less than other central banks Singapore dollar nominal effective exchange rate (S$ NEER).

summarization

<s><SYS>Unlike many other central banks such as Federal Reserve System, European Central Bank or Bank of England, MAS does not regulate the monetary system via interest rates to influence the liquidity in the system. Instead, it chooses to do it via the foreign exchange mechanism, which it has been doing since 1981. In doing so it manages the Singapore dollar versus a number of currencies that they do not reveal publicly – a Singapore dollar nominal effective exchange rate (S$ NEER). It carries this out by intervening in the SGD market as well as other operations in the money market. The MAS reviews its policy stance less frequently than most central banks, in a cycle that is around every 6 months. In some circumstances, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic MAS can change the date of its twice yearly meeting.</SYS>[INST] List down the key takeaways from the below paragraph on how Singapore growth is derived from its monetary policy [/INST] Policy to adopt foreign exchange mechanism instead of interest rates to regulate monetary system It manages Singapore dollar against multiple currency. it policy review/change is less than other central banks Singapore dollar nominal effective exchange rate (S$ NEER). </s>

Categorize the below types of organisms. bacteriophages, coccus, bacillus, spiral, coryneform, filamentous

Bacteria - coccus, bacillus, spiral, coryneform, filamentous Virus - bacteriophages

classification

<s>[INST] Categorize the below types of organisms. bacteriophages, coccus, bacillus, spiral, coryneform, filamentous [/INST] Bacteria - coccus, bacillus, spiral, coryneform, filamentous Virus - bacteriophages </s>

What are the most common types of pizzas?

There are lots of different pizzas, but the most common are cheese and pepperoni. There are also different types of pizza such as thin crust, New York style pizza, and Chicago style pizza.

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<s>[INST] What are the most common types of pizzas? [/INST] There are lots of different pizzas, but the most common are cheese and pepperoni. There are also different types of pizza such as thin crust, New York style pizza, and Chicago style pizza. </s>

Summarize the following Wikipedia entry in three sentences.

Seinfeld (/ˈsaɪnfɛld/ SYNE-feld) is an American television sitcom created by Larry David and Jerry Seinfeld. It aired on NBC from July 5, 1989, to May 14, 1998, over nine seasons and 180 episodes. It stars Seinfeld as a fictionalized version of himself and focuses on his personal life with three of his friends: best friend George Costanza (Jason Alexander), former girlfriend Elaine Benes (Julia Louis-Dreyfus) and his neighbor from across the hall, Cosmo Kramer (Michael Richards). It is set mostly in an apartment building in Manhattan's Upper West Side in New York City. It has been described as "a show about nothing", often focusing on the minutiae of daily life. Interspersed in earlier episodes are moments of stand-up comedy from the fictional Jerry Seinfeld, frequently using the episode's events for material. As a rising comedian in the late 1980s, Jerry Seinfeld was presented with an opportunity to create a show with NBC. He asked Larry David, a fellow comedian and friend, to help create a premise for a sitcom. The series was produced by West-Shapiro Productions and Castle Rock Entertainment and distributed by Columbia Pictures Television.[nb 1] It was largely written by David and Seinfeld, with script writers who included Larry Charles, Peter Mehlman, Gregg Kavet, Carol Leifer, David Mandel, Jeff Schaffer, Steve Koren, Jennifer Crittenden, Tom Gammill, Max Pross, Dan O'Keefe, Charlie Rubin, Marjorie Gross, Alec Berg, Elaine Pope and Spike Feresten. A favorite among critics, the series led the Nielsen ratings in Seasons 6 and 9 and finished among the top two (with NBC's ER) every year from 1994 to 1998. Only two other shows – I Love Lucy and The Andy Griffith Show – have finished their runs at the top of the ratings. Seinfeld is widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential sitcoms of all time. It has been ranked among television's best shows in publications such as Entertainment Weekly, Rolling Stone and TV Guide. Its most renowned episodes include "The Chinese Restaurant", "The Soup Nazi", "The Parking Garage", "The Marine Biologist" and "The Contest". In 2013, the Writers Guild of America voted it the No. 2 Best-Written TV Series of All Time (second to The Sopranos). E! named it the "Number 1 reason the '90s ruled", and quotes from numerous episodes have become catchphrases in popular culture.

Seinfeld was an American television sitcom created by Jerry Seinfeld and Larry David, which ran for 9 seasons on NBC from July 5, 1989 - May 14, 1998. Seinfeld is widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential sitcoms of all times and is one of only two other shows -- I love Lucy an The Andy Griffith Show -- to have finished their runs at the top of the ratings. It has often been described as "a show about nothing" that focuses on teh minituae of daily life.

summarization

<s><SYS>Seinfeld (/ˈsaɪnfɛld/ SYNE-feld) is an American television sitcom created by Larry David and Jerry Seinfeld. It aired on NBC from July 5, 1989, to May 14, 1998, over nine seasons and 180 episodes. It stars Seinfeld as a fictionalized version of himself and focuses on his personal life with three of his friends: best friend George Costanza (Jason Alexander), former girlfriend Elaine Benes (Julia Louis-Dreyfus) and his neighbor from across the hall, Cosmo Kramer (Michael Richards). It is set mostly in an apartment building in Manhattan's Upper West Side in New York City. It has been described as "a show about nothing", often focusing on the minutiae of daily life. Interspersed in earlier episodes are moments of stand-up comedy from the fictional Jerry Seinfeld, frequently using the episode's events for material. As a rising comedian in the late 1980s, Jerry Seinfeld was presented with an opportunity to create a show with NBC. He asked Larry David, a fellow comedian and friend, to help create a premise for a sitcom. The series was produced by West-Shapiro Productions and Castle Rock Entertainment and distributed by Columbia Pictures Television.[nb 1] It was largely written by David and Seinfeld, with script writers who included Larry Charles, Peter Mehlman, Gregg Kavet, Carol Leifer, David Mandel, Jeff Schaffer, Steve Koren, Jennifer Crittenden, Tom Gammill, Max Pross, Dan O'Keefe, Charlie Rubin, Marjorie Gross, Alec Berg, Elaine Pope and Spike Feresten. A favorite among critics, the series led the Nielsen ratings in Seasons 6 and 9 and finished among the top two (with NBC's ER) every year from 1994 to 1998. Only two other shows – I Love Lucy and The Andy Griffith Show – have finished their runs at the top of the ratings. Seinfeld is widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential sitcoms of all time. It has been ranked among television's best shows in publications such as Entertainment Weekly, Rolling Stone and TV Guide. Its most renowned episodes include "The Chinese Restaurant", "The Soup Nazi", "The Parking Garage", "The Marine Biologist" and "The Contest". In 2013, the Writers Guild of America voted it the No. 2 Best-Written TV Series of All Time (second to The Sopranos). E! named it the "Number 1 reason the '90s ruled", and quotes from numerous episodes have become catchphrases in popular culture.</SYS>[INST] Summarize the following Wikipedia entry in three sentences. [/INST] Seinfeld was an American television sitcom created by Jerry Seinfeld and Larry David, which ran for 9 seasons on NBC from July 5, 1989 - May 14, 1998. Seinfeld is widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential sitcoms of all times and is one of only two other shows -- I love Lucy an The Andy Griffith Show -- to have finished their runs at the top of the ratings. It has often been described as "a show about nothing" that focuses on teh minituae of daily life. </s>

Identify which car manufacturer is Japanese or American: Dodge, Subaru

Dodge is American, Subaru is Japanese

classification

<s>[INST] Identify which car manufacturer is Japanese or American: Dodge, Subaru [/INST] Dodge is American, Subaru is Japanese </s>

In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Grafton?

Gerold Grafton

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<s>[INST] In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Grafton? [/INST] Gerold Grafton </s>

What is the United States Bill of Rights?

The United States Bill of Rights comprises the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. Proposed following the often bitter 1787–88 debate over the ratification of the Constitution and written to address the objections raised by Anti-Federalists, the Bill of Rights amendments add to the Constitution specific guarantees of personal freedoms and rights, clear limitations on the government's power in judicial and other proceedings, and explicit declarations that all powers not specifically granted to the federal government by the Constitution are reserved to the states or the people. The concepts codified in these amendments are built upon those in earlier documents, especially the Virginia Declaration of Rights (1776), as well as the Northwest Ordinance (1787), the English Bill of Rights (1689), and Magna Carta (1215). Largely because of the efforts of Representative James Madison, who studied the deficiencies of the Constitution pointed out by anti-federalists and then crafted a series of corrective proposals, Congress approved twelve articles of amendment on September 25, 1789, and submitted them to the states for ratification. Contrary to Madison's proposal that the proposed amendments be incorporated into the main body of the Constitution (at the relevant articles and sections of the document), they were proposed as supplemental additions (codicils) to it. Articles Three through Twelve were ratified as additions to the Constitution on December 15, 1791, and became Amendments One through Ten of the Constitution. Article Two became part of the Constitution on May 5, 1992, as the Twenty-seventh Amendment. Article One is still pending before the states. Although Madison's proposed amendments included a provision to extend the protection of some of the Bill of Rights to the states, the amendments that were finally submitted for ratification applied only to the federal government. The door for their application upon state governments was opened in the 1860s, following ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment. Since the early 20th century both federal and state courts have used the Fourteenth Amendment to apply portions of the Bill of Rights to state and local governments. The process is known as incorporation. There are several original engrossed copies of the Bill of Rights still in existence. One of these is on permanent public display at the National Archives in Washington, D.C.

The United States Bill of Rights comprises the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. Proposed following the often bitter 1787–88 debate over the ratification of the Constitution and written to address the objections raised by Anti-Federalists, the Bill of Rights amendments add to the Constitution specific guarantees of personal freedoms and rights, clear limitations on the government's power in judicial and other proceedings, and explicit declarations that all powers not specifically granted to the federal government by the Constitution are reserved to the states or the people. The concepts codified in these amendments are built upon those in earlier documents, especially the Virginia Declaration of Rights (1776), as well as the Northwest Ordinance (1787), the English Bill of Rights (1689), and the Magna Carta (1215).

closed_qa

<s><SYS>The United States Bill of Rights comprises the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. Proposed following the often bitter 1787–88 debate over the ratification of the Constitution and written to address the objections raised by Anti-Federalists, the Bill of Rights amendments add to the Constitution specific guarantees of personal freedoms and rights, clear limitations on the government's power in judicial and other proceedings, and explicit declarations that all powers not specifically granted to the federal government by the Constitution are reserved to the states or the people. The concepts codified in these amendments are built upon those in earlier documents, especially the Virginia Declaration of Rights (1776), as well as the Northwest Ordinance (1787), the English Bill of Rights (1689), and Magna Carta (1215). Largely because of the efforts of Representative James Madison, who studied the deficiencies of the Constitution pointed out by anti-federalists and then crafted a series of corrective proposals, Congress approved twelve articles of amendment on September 25, 1789, and submitted them to the states for ratification. Contrary to Madison's proposal that the proposed amendments be incorporated into the main body of the Constitution (at the relevant articles and sections of the document), they were proposed as supplemental additions (codicils) to it. Articles Three through Twelve were ratified as additions to the Constitution on December 15, 1791, and became Amendments One through Ten of the Constitution. Article Two became part of the Constitution on May 5, 1992, as the Twenty-seventh Amendment. Article One is still pending before the states. Although Madison's proposed amendments included a provision to extend the protection of some of the Bill of Rights to the states, the amendments that were finally submitted for ratification applied only to the federal government. The door for their application upon state governments was opened in the 1860s, following ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment. Since the early 20th century both federal and state courts have used the Fourteenth Amendment to apply portions of the Bill of Rights to state and local governments. The process is known as incorporation. There are several original engrossed copies of the Bill of Rights still in existence. One of these is on permanent public display at the National Archives in Washington, D.C.</SYS>[INST] What is the United States Bill of Rights? [/INST] The United States Bill of Rights comprises the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. Proposed following the often bitter 1787–88 debate over the ratification of the Constitution and written to address the objections raised by Anti-Federalists, the Bill of Rights amendments add to the Constitution specific guarantees of personal freedoms and rights, clear limitations on the government's power in judicial and other proceedings, and explicit declarations that all powers not specifically granted to the federal government by the Constitution are reserved to the states or the people. The concepts codified in these amendments are built upon those in earlier documents, especially the Virginia Declaration of Rights (1776), as well as the Northwest Ordinance (1787), the English Bill of Rights (1689), and the Magna Carta (1215). </s>

What is the largest retailers and e-commerce companies?

Alibaba is one of the world's largest retailers and e-commerce companies. In 2020, it was also rated as the fifth-largest artificial intelligence company. It is also one of the biggest venture capital firms and investment corporations in the world, as well as the second largest financial services group behind Visa via its fintech arm Ant Group. The company hosts the largest B2B (Alibaba.com), C2C (Taobao), and B2C (Tmall) marketplaces in the world. It has been expanding into the media industry, with revenues rising by triple percentage points year after year. It also set the record on the 2018 edition of China's Singles' Day, the world's biggest online and offline shopping day.

Alibaba is one of the world's largest retailers and e-commerce companies. It consists of many business including B2B (Alibaba.com), C2C (Taobao) and B2C (Tmall). Alibaba is also one of the largest financial companies and AI companies.

closed_qa

<s><SYS>Alibaba is one of the world's largest retailers and e-commerce companies. In 2020, it was also rated as the fifth-largest artificial intelligence company. It is also one of the biggest venture capital firms and investment corporations in the world, as well as the second largest financial services group behind Visa via its fintech arm Ant Group. The company hosts the largest B2B (Alibaba.com), C2C (Taobao), and B2C (Tmall) marketplaces in the world. It has been expanding into the media industry, with revenues rising by triple percentage points year after year. It also set the record on the 2018 edition of China's Singles' Day, the world's biggest online and offline shopping day.</SYS>[INST] What is the largest retailers and e-commerce companies? [/INST] Alibaba is one of the world's largest retailers and e-commerce companies. It consists of many business including B2B (Alibaba.com), C2C (Taobao) and B2C (Tmall). Alibaba is also one of the largest financial companies and AI companies. </s>

What singer has had a Billboard No. 1 hit in each of the last four decades?

Mariah Carey

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<s>[INST] What singer has had a Billboard No. 1 hit in each of the last four decades? [/INST] Mariah Carey </s>

What is Barkers Butts RFC?

Barkers Butts RFC (Rugby Football Club) is a rugby union club in the north west of Coventry, England. It is over 75 years old and operates four senior teams including a ladies team, a Colts team, a full range of boy and girls teams from Under 6s to Under 16s. The first XV currently play in Midlands 2 West (South), a seventh tier league in the English rugby union system. When the league system was established in 1987, Barkers Butts was placed in the fifth tier, playing in Midlands 1 and were runners up in the first season (1987-88). They finished in second place twice more (1990–91 and 1992–93) but were relegated from tier 5, then called Courage League Division 5, after the 1994-95 season. Subsequently, they have alternated between the sixth and seventh levels. Barkers Butts has produced several notable international players including one World Cup winner in Neil Back. Other recent mens' internationals include Tom Wood and Jim Hamilton. Barkers currently have two players in the England Women U20s squad.

open_qa

<s>[INST] What is Barkers Butts RFC? [/INST] Barkers Butts RFC (Rugby Football Club) is a rugby union club in the north west of Coventry, England. It is over 75 years old and operates four senior teams including a ladies team, a Colts team, a full range of boy and girls teams from Under 6s to Under 16s. The first XV currently play in Midlands 2 West (South), a seventh tier league in the English rugby union system. When the league system was established in 1987, Barkers Butts was placed in the fifth tier, playing in Midlands 1 and were runners up in the first season (1987-88). They finished in second place twice more (1990–91 and 1992–93) but were relegated from tier 5, then called Courage League Division 5, after the 1994-95 season. Subsequently, they have alternated between the sixth and seventh levels. Barkers Butts has produced several notable international players including one World Cup winner in Neil Back. Other recent mens' internationals include Tom Wood and Jim Hamilton. Barkers currently have two players in the England Women U20s squad. </s>

What is VCF?

Variant Call Format (VCF) is a file format used for storing and transferring genetic data. It is used for storing and comparing genetic data, and for representing genetic variants. VCF is a binary format that stores genetic data, including sequence data, variant data, and annotation data.

open_qa

<s>[INST] What is VCF? [/INST] Variant Call Format (VCF) is a file format used for storing and transferring genetic data. It is used for storing and comparing genetic data, and for representing genetic variants. VCF is a binary format that stores genetic data, including sequence data, variant data, and annotation data. </s>

How do you care for a pet?

It really depends on the type of pet. But generally, they require food, exercise, water, a place to live and sleep appropriate to their species, and attention. Some pets require more attention than others. For example, a turtle is probably pretty self-sufficient, while a border collie will expect significant interaction.

general_qa

<s>[INST] How do you care for a pet? [/INST] It really depends on the type of pet. But generally, they require food, exercise, water, a place to live and sleep appropriate to their species, and attention. Some pets require more attention than others. For example, a turtle is probably pretty self-sufficient, while a border collie will expect significant interaction. </s>

What is the indigenous name for Dunk Island?

Dunk Island, known as Coonanglebah in the Warrgamay and Dyirbal languages, is an island within the locality of Dunk in the Cassowary Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. It lies 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) off the Australian east coast, opposite the town of Mission Beach. The island forms part of the Family Islands National Park and is in the larger Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area.

Dunk Island is known as Coonanglebah in the Warrgamay and Dyirbal languages.

closed_qa

<s><SYS>Dunk Island, known as Coonanglebah in the Warrgamay and Dyirbal languages, is an island within the locality of Dunk in the Cassowary Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. It lies 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) off the Australian east coast, opposite the town of Mission Beach. The island forms part of the Family Islands National Park and is in the larger Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area.</SYS>[INST] What is the indigenous name for Dunk Island? [/INST] Dunk Island is known as Coonanglebah in the Warrgamay and Dyirbal languages. </s>

What is freedom?

Freedom could mean different things to different people. Often times the definition of freedom is based on the geo location, age, gender even your mood. For example, people in the United States sometimes associate freedom with the ability to speak, think and feel as they wish.

general_qa

<s>[INST] What is freedom? [/INST] Freedom could mean different things to different people. Often times the definition of freedom is based on the geo location, age, gender even your mood. For example, people in the United States sometimes associate freedom with the ability to speak, think and feel as they wish. </s>

What is the Great American Novel?

The Great American Novel refers to a literary work that fully embodies the spirit and essence of American life. There is no critical consensus on what books can be considered a Great American Novel, but some common examples include The Adventures of Huckleberry Twin by Mark Twain, Moby Dick by Herman Melville, The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, and The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck.

general_qa

<s>[INST] What is the Great American Novel? [/INST] The Great American Novel refers to a literary work that fully embodies the spirit and essence of American life. There is no critical consensus on what books can be considered a Great American Novel, but some common examples include The Adventures of Huckleberry Twin by Mark Twain, Moby Dick by Herman Melville, The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, and The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck. </s>

Give me a bulleted list of 3 books Thomas Sowell has written and what they are about.

Until the spring of 1972, Sowell was a registered Democrat, after which he then left the Democratic Party and resolved not to associate with any political party again, stating "I was so disgusted with both candidates that I didn't vote at all." Though he is often described as a black conservative, Sowell said, "I prefer not to have labels, but I suspect that 'libertarian' would suit me better than many others, although I disagree with the libertarian movement on a number of things." He has been described as one of the most prominent advocates of contemporary classical liberalism along with Friedrich Hayek and Larry Arnhart. Sowell primarily writes on economic subjects, generally advocating a free market approach to capitalism. Sowell opposes the Federal Reserve, arguing that it has been unsuccessful in preventing economic depressions and limiting inflation. Sowell described his study of Karl Marx in his autobiography; as a former Marxist who early in his career became disillusioned with it, he emphatically opposes Marxism, providing a critique in his book Marxism: Philosophy and Economics (1985). Sowell has also written a trilogy of books on ideologies and political positions, including A Conflict of Visions, in which he speaks on the origins of political strife; The Vision of the Anointed, in which he compares the conservative/libertarian and liberal/progressive worldviews; and The Quest for Cosmic Justice, in which, as in many of his other writings, he outlines his thesis of the need felt by intellectuals, politicians, and leaders to fix and perfect the world in utopian and ultimately, he posits, disastrous fashions. Separate from the trilogy, but also in discussion of the subject, he wrote Intellectuals and Society, building on his earlier work, in which he discusses what he argues to be the blind hubris and follies of intellectuals in a variety of areas. His book Knowledge and Decisions, a winner of the 1980 Law and Economics Center Prize, was heralded as a "landmark work," selected for this prize "because of its cogent contribution to our understanding of the differences between the market process and the process of government." In announcing the award, the centre acclaimed Sowell, whose "contribution to our understanding of the process of regulation alone would make the book important, but in reemphasizing the diversity and efficiency that the market makes possible, work goes deeper and becomes even more significant." Friedrich Hayek wrote: "In a wholly original manner [Sowell] succeeds in translating abstract and theoretical argument into highly concrete and realistic discussion of the central problems of contemporary economic policy." Sowell opposes the imposition of minimum wages by governments, arguing in his book Basic Economics that "Unfortunately, the real minimum wage is always zero, regardless of the laws, and that is the wage that many workers receive in the wake of the creation or escalation of a government-mandated minimum wage, because they either lose their jobs or fail to find jobs when they enter the labor force." He goes further to argue that minimum wages disproportionately affect "members of racial or ethnic minority groups" that have been discriminated against. He asserts that "Before federal minimum wage laws were instituted in the 1930s, the black unemployment rate was slightly lower than the white unemployment rate in 1930. But then followed the Davis-Bacon Act of 1931, the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) of 1933 and the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) of 1938 – all of which imposed government-mandated minimum wages, either on a particular sector or more broadly... By 1954, black unemployment rates were double those of whites and have continued to be at that level or higher. Those particularly hard hit by the resulting unemployment have been black teenage males." Sowell also favors decriminalization of all drugs. He opposes gun control laws, arguing, "On net balance, they do not save lives, but cost lives."[

The following are the names and overviews of three books Thomas Sowell has written: - Knowledge and Decisions: This book discusses the differences between market and government processes - The Vision of the Anointed: This book compares conservative and liberal worldviews - A Conflict of Visions: This book reviews the origins of political strife

summarization

<s><SYS>Until the spring of 1972, Sowell was a registered Democrat, after which he then left the Democratic Party and resolved not to associate with any political party again, stating "I was so disgusted with both candidates that I didn't vote at all." Though he is often described as a black conservative, Sowell said, "I prefer not to have labels, but I suspect that 'libertarian' would suit me better than many others, although I disagree with the libertarian movement on a number of things." He has been described as one of the most prominent advocates of contemporary classical liberalism along with Friedrich Hayek and Larry Arnhart. Sowell primarily writes on economic subjects, generally advocating a free market approach to capitalism. Sowell opposes the Federal Reserve, arguing that it has been unsuccessful in preventing economic depressions and limiting inflation. Sowell described his study of Karl Marx in his autobiography; as a former Marxist who early in his career became disillusioned with it, he emphatically opposes Marxism, providing a critique in his book Marxism: Philosophy and Economics (1985). Sowell has also written a trilogy of books on ideologies and political positions, including A Conflict of Visions, in which he speaks on the origins of political strife; The Vision of the Anointed, in which he compares the conservative/libertarian and liberal/progressive worldviews; and The Quest for Cosmic Justice, in which, as in many of his other writings, he outlines his thesis of the need felt by intellectuals, politicians, and leaders to fix and perfect the world in utopian and ultimately, he posits, disastrous fashions. Separate from the trilogy, but also in discussion of the subject, he wrote Intellectuals and Society, building on his earlier work, in which he discusses what he argues to be the blind hubris and follies of intellectuals in a variety of areas. His book Knowledge and Decisions, a winner of the 1980 Law and Economics Center Prize, was heralded as a "landmark work," selected for this prize "because of its cogent contribution to our understanding of the differences between the market process and the process of government." In announcing the award, the centre acclaimed Sowell, whose "contribution to our understanding of the process of regulation alone would make the book important, but in reemphasizing the diversity and efficiency that the market makes possible, work goes deeper and becomes even more significant." Friedrich Hayek wrote: "In a wholly original manner [Sowell] succeeds in translating abstract and theoretical argument into highly concrete and realistic discussion of the central problems of contemporary economic policy." Sowell opposes the imposition of minimum wages by governments, arguing in his book Basic Economics that "Unfortunately, the real minimum wage is always zero, regardless of the laws, and that is the wage that many workers receive in the wake of the creation or escalation of a government-mandated minimum wage, because they either lose their jobs or fail to find jobs when they enter the labor force." He goes further to argue that minimum wages disproportionately affect "members of racial or ethnic minority groups" that have been discriminated against. He asserts that "Before federal minimum wage laws were instituted in the 1930s, the black unemployment rate was slightly lower than the white unemployment rate in 1930. But then followed the Davis-Bacon Act of 1931, the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) of 1933 and the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) of 1938 – all of which imposed government-mandated minimum wages, either on a particular sector or more broadly... By 1954, black unemployment rates were double those of whites and have continued to be at that level or higher. Those particularly hard hit by the resulting unemployment have been black teenage males." Sowell also favors decriminalization of all drugs. He opposes gun control laws, arguing, "On net balance, they do not save lives, but cost lives."[</SYS>[INST] Give me a bulleted list of 3 books Thomas Sowell has written and what they are about. [/INST] The following are the names and overviews of three books Thomas Sowell has written: - Knowledge and Decisions: This book discusses the differences between market and government processes - The Vision of the Anointed: This book compares conservative and liberal worldviews - A Conflict of Visions: This book reviews the origins of political strife </s>

Provide a list of benefits of flying first class.

The following are benefits of flying first class: 1. Checked bags are free 2. More comfortable seats 3. Additional leg room 4. Free alcohol on the plane 5. Better food on the plane 6. Boarding and exiting the plane first

brainstorming

<s>[INST] Provide a list of benefits of flying first class. [/INST] The following are benefits of flying first class: 1. Checked bags are free 2. More comfortable seats 3. Additional leg room 4. Free alcohol on the plane 5. Better food on the plane 6. Boarding and exiting the plane first </s>

Classify the following shapes as either two dimensional or three dimensional: cube, circle, sphere, triangle, cone, rhombus, square, and pyramid.

A cube, sphere, cone, and pyramid are three dimensional. A circle, triangle, rhombus, and square are two dimensional.

classification

<s>[INST] Classify the following shapes as either two dimensional or three dimensional: cube, circle, sphere, triangle, cone, rhombus, square, and pyramid. [/INST] A cube, sphere, cone, and pyramid are three dimensional. A circle, triangle, rhombus, and square are two dimensional. </s>

Who owns Ritz Crackers?

Ritz Crackers is a brand of snack cracker introduced by Nabisco in 1934. The original style crackers are disc-shaped, lightly salted, and approximately 46 millimetres (1.8 in) in diameter.[citation needed]. Each cracker has seven perforations and a finely scalloped edge. Today, the Ritz cracker brand is owned by Mondelēz International. A single serving of the original cracker (about 5 crackers or 15 grams) provides 330 kilojoules (79 kilocalories) of food energy, 1 gram of protein, and 4 grams of fat; the whole wheat variety provides 290 kJ (70 kcal) and 2.5 grams of fat.

Ritz was originally owned by the consumer product brand Nabisco, although after changing ownership, it is owned by Mondelēz International.

summarization

<s><SYS>Ritz Crackers is a brand of snack cracker introduced by Nabisco in 1934. The original style crackers are disc-shaped, lightly salted, and approximately 46 millimetres (1.8 in) in diameter.[citation needed]. Each cracker has seven perforations and a finely scalloped edge. Today, the Ritz cracker brand is owned by Mondelēz International. A single serving of the original cracker (about 5 crackers or 15 grams) provides 330 kilojoules (79 kilocalories) of food energy, 1 gram of protein, and 4 grams of fat; the whole wheat variety provides 290 kJ (70 kcal) and 2.5 grams of fat.</SYS>[INST] Who owns Ritz Crackers? [/INST] Ritz was originally owned by the consumer product brand Nabisco, although after changing ownership, it is owned by Mondelēz International. </s>

What athlete created the 'beast quake' for the Seattle Seahawks?

Marshan Lynch

open_qa

<s>[INST] What athlete created the 'beast quake' for the Seattle Seahawks? [/INST] Marshan Lynch </s>

When was the Philippine House Committee elevated into a standing committee

The Philippine House Committee on Sustainable Development Goals, or House Sustainable Development Goals Committee is a standing committee of the Philippine House of Representatives. Originally designated as a special committee, it was elevated into a standing committee on March 10, 2020.

open_qa

<s>[INST] When was the Philippine House Committee elevated into a standing committee [/INST] The Philippine House Committee on Sustainable Development Goals, or House Sustainable Development Goals Committee is a standing committee of the Philippine House of Representatives. Originally designated as a special committee, it was elevated into a standing committee on March 10, 2020. </s>

Which is a species of fish? Perch or Purge

Perch

classification

<s>[INST] Which is a species of fish? Perch or Purge [/INST] Perch </s>

What is the Tau Circle Constant?

Tau is defined as the ratio of a circle's circumference to its radius. Some 21st century mathematicians and physicists believe Tau is a better choice than Pi for use in science and mathematics. Like Pi, Tau is an irrational and transcendental number. In decimal form, the value of Tau is 6.283185… Part of the motivation for Tau is the observation that the number 2*Pi or 2π occurs with surprising frequency throughout science and mathematics. This raises the question of whether Pi is really an important number or something equal to two times Pi is actually more important. Perhaps the implication is that Pi is exactly one half of some very important number! Further consideration of the question leads to several compelling observations: - Using C/r as the key circle constant is better aligned with the way we define a circle: the set of all points a fixed distance (r) form a give point. - Radian angle measurements of fraction of a circle make much more sense when Tau is used as the base constant. Using Pi, on quarter of a circle is Pi is Pi/2, one half is Pi, and the angle of a a full circle is 2*Pi. With Tau, the angle measures are intuitively aligned to the fraction of a circle: a quarter circle is Tau/4, a half circle is Tau/2 and the angle of a full circle is Tau. - Similarly, the radian zeroes, max, and min of the sin and cosine functions align to fractions of Tau in an intuitive fashion that aids, rather than confuses, understanding. - Key formulas that traditionally use Pi actually show more clear mathematical meaning when expressed using Tau. For example, the area of a circle itself, when expressed with Tau, shows the same pattern of quadratic forms in distance fallen, spring energy, and kinetic energy. - Similarly, the tau-based formula for circular area actually confirms to the original proof by Archimedes showing that area of a circle equals the area of a triangle with base C (circumference) and height r (radius): A = 1/2 b*h = 1/2 C*r = 1/2 (Tau*r)*r = 1/2 Tau*r^2. Tau has seen significant adoption since it was originally proposed. The relationship between Tau and Pi is very simple. Tau = 2*Pi. Perhaps just as informative is the fact that Tau > Pi.

general_qa

<s>[INST] What is the Tau Circle Constant? [/INST] Tau is defined as the ratio of a circle's circumference to its radius. Some 21st century mathematicians and physicists believe Tau is a better choice than Pi for use in science and mathematics. Like Pi, Tau is an irrational and transcendental number. In decimal form, the value of Tau is 6.283185… Part of the motivation for Tau is the observation that the number 2*Pi or 2π occurs with surprising frequency throughout science and mathematics. This raises the question of whether Pi is really an important number or something equal to two times Pi is actually more important. Perhaps the implication is that Pi is exactly one half of some very important number! Further consideration of the question leads to several compelling observations: - Using C/r as the key circle constant is better aligned with the way we define a circle: the set of all points a fixed distance (r) form a give point. - Radian angle measurements of fraction of a circle make much more sense when Tau is used as the base constant. Using Pi, on quarter of a circle is Pi is Pi/2, one half is Pi, and the angle of a a full circle is 2*Pi. With Tau, the angle measures are intuitively aligned to the fraction of a circle: a quarter circle is Tau/4, a half circle is Tau/2 and the angle of a full circle is Tau. - Similarly, the radian zeroes, max, and min of the sin and cosine functions align to fractions of Tau in an intuitive fashion that aids, rather than confuses, understanding. - Key formulas that traditionally use Pi actually show more clear mathematical meaning when expressed using Tau. For example, the area of a circle itself, when expressed with Tau, shows the same pattern of quadratic forms in distance fallen, spring energy, and kinetic energy. - Similarly, the tau-based formula for circular area actually confirms to the original proof by Archimedes showing that area of a circle equals the area of a triangle with base C (circumference) and height r (radius): A = 1/2 b*h = 1/2 C*r = 1/2 (Tau*r)*r = 1/2 Tau*r^2. Tau has seen significant adoption since it was originally proposed. The relationship between Tau and Pi is very simple. Tau = 2*Pi. Perhaps just as informative is the fact that Tau > Pi. </s>

What type of cheeses can you use to make a grilled cheese sandwich.

A grilled cheese sandwich is made by placing a cheese filling, often cheddar or American cheese, between two slices of bread, which is then heated until the bread browns and the cheese melts. A layer of butter or mayonnaise may be added to the outside of the bread for additional flavor and texture. Alternatives may include additional ingredients, such as meat, peppers, tomatoes, or onions. Methods for heating the sandwich include cooking on a griddle, fried in a pan, or using a panini grill or sandwich toaster, the latter method more common in the United Kingdom, where the sandwiches are normally called "toasted sandwiches" or "toasties", in Australia, where they are called "jaffles" or "toasted sandwiches", and South Africa, where they are called “snackwiches”. Other methods include baking in an oven or toaster oven — or in a toasting bag in an electric toaster.

Common cheeses to make a grilled cheese are cheddar or American cheese, although you are not limited to those cheeses. Depending on a persons preferences there are a large variety of cheeses that are well suited for a grilled cheese sandwich. Many people enjoy Swiss cheese, provolone, mozzarella cheese, brie, Monterey jack cheese, pepper jack cheese, gouda, havarti, fontina and many others.

summarization

<s><SYS>A grilled cheese sandwich is made by placing a cheese filling, often cheddar or American cheese, between two slices of bread, which is then heated until the bread browns and the cheese melts. A layer of butter or mayonnaise may be added to the outside of the bread for additional flavor and texture. Alternatives may include additional ingredients, such as meat, peppers, tomatoes, or onions. Methods for heating the sandwich include cooking on a griddle, fried in a pan, or using a panini grill or sandwich toaster, the latter method more common in the United Kingdom, where the sandwiches are normally called "toasted sandwiches" or "toasties", in Australia, where they are called "jaffles" or "toasted sandwiches", and South Africa, where they are called “snackwiches”. Other methods include baking in an oven or toaster oven — or in a toasting bag in an electric toaster.</SYS>[INST] What type of cheeses can you use to make a grilled cheese sandwich. [/INST] Common cheeses to make a grilled cheese are cheddar or American cheese, although you are not limited to those cheeses. Depending on a persons preferences there are a large variety of cheeses that are well suited for a grilled cheese sandwich. Many people enjoy Swiss cheese, provolone, mozzarella cheese, brie, Monterey jack cheese, pepper jack cheese, gouda, havarti, fontina and many others. </s>

What is a metaverse?

In science fiction, the "metaverse" is a hypothetical iteration of the Internet as a single, universal, and immersive virtual world that is facilitated by the use of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) headsets. In colloquial usage, a "metaverse" is a network of 3D virtual worlds focused on social and economic connection. The term "metaverse" originated in the 1992 science fiction novel Snow Crash as a portmanteau of "meta" and "universe". Metaverse development is often linked to advancing virtual reality technology due to the increasing demands for immersion. Recent interest in metaverse development is influenced by Web3, a concept for a decentralized iteration of the internet. Web3 and metaverse have been used as buzzwords to exaggerate the development progress of various related technologies and projects for public relations purposes. Information privacy, user addiction, and user safety are concerns within the metaverse, stemming from challenges facing the social media and video game industries as a whole.

open_qa

<s>[INST] What is a metaverse? [/INST] In science fiction, the "metaverse" is a hypothetical iteration of the Internet as a single, universal, and immersive virtual world that is facilitated by the use of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) headsets. In colloquial usage, a "metaverse" is a network of 3D virtual worlds focused on social and economic connection. The term "metaverse" originated in the 1992 science fiction novel Snow Crash as a portmanteau of "meta" and "universe". Metaverse development is often linked to advancing virtual reality technology due to the increasing demands for immersion. Recent interest in metaverse development is influenced by Web3, a concept for a decentralized iteration of the internet. Web3 and metaverse have been used as buzzwords to exaggerate the development progress of various related technologies and projects for public relations purposes. Information privacy, user addiction, and user safety are concerns within the metaverse, stemming from challenges facing the social media and video game industries as a whole. </s>

Is cricket game popular in some parts of the world?

Yes, cricket is a very popular game. It is the second most followed game after football in the world. Each team has a squad of 16 to 20 players and 11 can play a game. There are three different formats of game which are popular. Test match is the longest format in which each team play 2 innings and have a limit of 90 overs per day with 5 day limit. 50 over games are also called one day matches with a limit of 50 overs per team in a game. T20 or 20-20 is the short format and has lot of following. Takes about 4 hours per game.

general_qa

<s>[INST] Is cricket game popular in some parts of the world? [/INST] Yes, cricket is a very popular game. It is the second most followed game after football in the world. Each team has a squad of 16 to 20 players and 11 can play a game. There are three different formats of game which are popular. Test match is the longest format in which each team play 2 innings and have a limit of 90 overs per day with 5 day limit. 50 over games are also called one day matches with a limit of 50 overs per team in a game. T20 or 20-20 is the short format and has lot of following. Takes about 4 hours per game. </s>

What was Dick Lammi's most famous work?

Dick Lammi (January 15, 1909 – November 29, 1969) was an American jazz tubist and bassist associated with Dixieland jazz. Lammi played violin and banjo early in his career, and played as a banjoist in various groups in the Pacific Northwest in the late 1920s. He settled in Portland, Oregon in the early 1930s, and played bass in a group there; after a move to San Francisco in 1936, he began playing tuba alongside bass. His best-known work was as a member of Lu Watters's band, the Yerba Buena Jazz Band. Lammi played in the ensemble from 1941 to 1950, including on virtually all of their recordings.

Dick Lammi was most famous for his work as a member of Lu Watters's band, the Yerba Buena Jazz Band.

closed_qa

<s><SYS>Dick Lammi (January 15, 1909 – November 29, 1969) was an American jazz tubist and bassist associated with Dixieland jazz. Lammi played violin and banjo early in his career, and played as a banjoist in various groups in the Pacific Northwest in the late 1920s. He settled in Portland, Oregon in the early 1930s, and played bass in a group there; after a move to San Francisco in 1936, he began playing tuba alongside bass. His best-known work was as a member of Lu Watters's band, the Yerba Buena Jazz Band. Lammi played in the ensemble from 1941 to 1950, including on virtually all of their recordings.</SYS>[INST] What was Dick Lammi's most famous work? [/INST] Dick Lammi was most famous for his work as a member of Lu Watters's band, the Yerba Buena Jazz Band. </s>

What factors should I consider before becoming a dog owner?

Here are some questions you may ask yourself before becoming a dog owner: 1. Whether you have time to spend with the new family member daily. Dogs are social animals who need accompany just like human beings. You will need to spend time on walking, training and playing with your dogs every day. 2. Whether you have the financial ability to raise a dog. It's quite expensive to raise dogs. You will need to spend money on dog food, toys, pet necessities, vet bills, grooming, etc. 3. Whether you are prepared if you are a person who loves to travel. It will become harder to travel after having dogs. 4. Whether you are allergic to dogs. 5. Whether your current living condition is suitable for raising dogs. You also need to research what dog breeds are suitable for you, and dogs from different breeds have very different personalities. Is your home big enough for dogs of the breed you want to have? Are you living in a neighborhood that allows you to walk dogs easily and offers convenient access to facilities like dog parks? Do you have kids? 6. Whether you are prepared for dog training. Dogs need proper training to have good manners, which takes time, patience and persistence.

general_qa

<s>[INST] What factors should I consider before becoming a dog owner? [/INST] Here are some questions you may ask yourself before becoming a dog owner: 1. Whether you have time to spend with the new family member daily. Dogs are social animals who need accompany just like human beings. You will need to spend time on walking, training and playing with your dogs every day. 2. Whether you have the financial ability to raise a dog. It's quite expensive to raise dogs. You will need to spend money on dog food, toys, pet necessities, vet bills, grooming, etc. 3. Whether you are prepared if you are a person who loves to travel. It will become harder to travel after having dogs. 4. Whether you are allergic to dogs. 5. Whether your current living condition is suitable for raising dogs. You also need to research what dog breeds are suitable for you, and dogs from different breeds have very different personalities. Is your home big enough for dogs of the breed you want to have? Are you living in a neighborhood that allows you to walk dogs easily and offers convenient access to facilities like dog parks? Do you have kids? 6. Whether you are prepared for dog training. Dogs need proper training to have good manners, which takes time, patience and persistence. </s>

Why do we have winter and summer clocks?

Even today, this remains the rationale behind the clock change: aligning citizens' waking hours to daylight hours to save the energy spent on lighting. There are more daylight hours in the summer, and it is preferable to get up earlier so as not to waste precious daylight time while sleeping.

general_qa

<s>[INST] Why do we have winter and summer clocks? [/INST] Even today, this remains the rationale behind the clock change: aligning citizens' waking hours to daylight hours to save the energy spent on lighting. There are more daylight hours in the summer, and it is preferable to get up earlier so as not to waste precious daylight time while sleeping. </s>

Summarize how tourism impacted Hawaii in a variety of areas

Impacts of tourism in Hawaii Economic As Hawaii changed from a Kingdom to a Territory to a State, so too did the dominant industries change. Being a primarily agricultural land, producing around 80 percent of the world's pineapples in the 1960s, the addition of Pan Am’s flight route to Hawaii rapidly increased the number of visitors going to the islands. The years following statehood led to more than double the number of passengers arriving at Honolulu airport. As this trend continues to increase, Hawaii's economy has become heavily dependent on the tourism industry. Although the economy has seen significant growth with the addition of this industry, some researchers believe this will leave Hawaii susceptible to external economic forces. Some examples of these are an economic recession, airline strikes, or varying fuel prices which could devastate the local economy. The devastating national economic recession of 2008, hit Hawaii's tourism industry hard. In 2008, hotel occupancy dropped to 60 percent, a level not seen since the terrorist attacks in 2001. As the economy has returned to normal levels, the tourism industry has continued to grow in Hawaii with the majority of tourists visiting Oahu, Maui, Kauai and the big island of Hawaii. Job creation is another benefit of tourism to the islands. In 2017, reports say 204,000 jobs were related to tourism. This led to $16.78 billion in visitor spending with $1.96 billion generated in tax revenue in that year alone. Resorts and the airline business are the primary benefactors of this increase in tourism. Environmental The Sustainable Tourism Association of Hawaii (formerly the Hawaii Ecotourism Association) was founded in 1995 as a 501(c)(3) nonprofit to nurture the development of sustainable tourism in Hawaii. It offers a certification program to educate and recognize conservation-minded tour operators in Hawaii, the only such certification program of its kind in America. The long term environmental implications that Hawaii is facing due to mass tourism has raised concern. To combat this and help raise awareness, international environmental organizations have joined forces with local island communities. There are major benefits to this type of management, usually described as "values-led management". By prioritizing the values and existing sustainable practices by local communities living on heavily visited islands, it preserves their interests and further respects their culture. Water Hotels are often placed near beaches, in areas with little rainfall, and guests use 2,000 to 10,000 litres (440 to 2,200 imp gal; 530 to 2,640 US gal) of water per person. Another study concluded that on average, a single guest uses approximately 1,300 to 3,600 litres (290 to 790 imp gal; 340 to 950 US gal) of water per day, divided approximately half between accommodations (laundry and sewer) and golf courses (irrigation). This is significantly more than the average resident and has led to a number of droughts throughout the islands. Landscape The number of hotel rooms from 1985 to 2010 nearly doubled from 65,000 to 132,000 rooms. Tourists visit destinations with developed infrastructure, groomed activities and pristine conditions, which boosts the economy and finances needed to uphold these facilities. On the other hand, the very creation of these institutions degrades the environmental factors tourists are drawn to. Having perfect conditions requires an amount of upkeep fueled by the revenue of the visitors but the visitors also degrade the environment at a faster rate than residents alone. A direct effect of the increase in infrastructure is the depletion of the natural landscape. As buildings are constructed the amount of natural land becomes smaller and smaller. As hotels are constructed in prime real estate the environmental problems created are not weighed equally with the potential upside of profit. The government sees the creation of jobs and the increase in visitor spending in the state as a good thing. Those are quantitative variables that can be directly measured in terms of dollars and number of jobs. However, the impact to the environment or the indigenous people is harder to measure in term of absolutes. Hawaii only holds 0.2 percent of the United States land but has a 72.1 percent extinction rate, and more than half of the natural communities in the islands are endangered by developments. An example of this is natural ponds being destroyed during construction of large buildings which were previously home to migrating birds. The ponds are no longer there, which throws off the natural flow of the ecosystem. Another staggering statistic says that nearly 60 percent of the plant and animal species in Hawaii are endangered. This includes the loss of habitats for animals and the diverse flora that gives Hawaii its beauty being degraded at an alarming rate. Energy Main article: Energy in Hawaii Hawaii has traditionally relied on fossil fuel-fired thermal power plants for its electricity generation, although it has set a statewide goal of achieving 100% of electric generation via renewable sources by 2045; as a result, the average guest uses the equivalent of 6.4 to 13 kilograms (14 to 29 lb) of oil per day, approximately 2⁄3 of which is consumed by rental car operation. For electricity alone, the average guest uses 23.9 to 33.6 kW-hr per day. Refuse The beaches in Hawaii are becoming increasingly filled with trash, especially plastics. This becomes a problem not only environmentally, but also could have a negative impact on the economy as visitors come for the sandy beaches and pollutants such as trash or plastics decrease the appeal of Hawaii as a vacation destination. Kamilo Beach on the southeastern tip of the island of Hawaii has acquired the nickname "Plastic Beach" for its accumulation of plastic trash, much of it borne via ocean currents and trade winds from the nearby Great Pacific garbage patch. It is estimated that 15 to 20 short tons (14 to 18 t) of trash, 96% of which is plastic, washes ashore here annually. The average guest generates approximately 3.3 kilograms (7.3 lb) of waste per day. In order to reduce the generation of plastic waste, Hawaii has begun to ban the use of single-use plastic and polystyrene foam on a county-by-county approach. A ban on polystyrene foam containers took effect in Maui County on December 31, 2018; a similar ban started in Hawaii County (the Big Island) on July 1, 2019. Oahu's ban on single-use plastic and polystyrene will take effect on January 1, 2021. Two bills were considered by the Hawaii State Legislature in early 2019, which would have been the first state-wide bans on food service plastics in America. SB367 would ban the use of polystrene foam food containers statewide; that bill died in committee in March 2019. SB522 would ban single-use plastic beverage bottles, utensils, stirring sticks, polystyrene foam containers, and straws starting in 2021; that bill was modified in committee to create a working group to make recommendations on how to reduce plastic waste instead. Social effect Some Native Hawaiians believe strongly in the independence of Hawaii and the Hawaiian sovereignty movement. The creation of this grassroots organization leads to a negative view towards visitors and the disruption of the natural land. This leads to a strong contention between developers and natives who believe the land should not be transformed into a commercial or residential development. Many of these individuals are reliant on the land as a means of living. The loss of the environment affects the socio-psychological well-being of those reliant on land and marine resources. Native Hawaiians and residents alike become limited in job opportunities with a heavily skewed job-base in the tourism industry. The essay "Lovely Hula Lands" (later republished as "Lovely Hula Hands") by native Hawaiian academic and activist Haunani-Kay Trask is severely critical of the huge influx of tourists to Hawaiʻi, which she terms a "prostitution" of Hawaiian culture. She ends her essay with "let me just leave this thought behind. If you are thinking of visiting my homeland, please don't. We don't want or need any more tourists, and we certainly don't like them." However, the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) has condemned Trask for her anti-American statements, stating that such vitriol helps fuel racism in Hawaiʻi.

- From economic perspective, tourism shifted Hawaii from being primarily agricultural and self-sustainable to heavily dependent on tourism industries and more susceptible on external economic forces such as economic recession or fuel prices. Increasing number of jobs and state income are coming from tourism-related businesses - On environmental perspective, the state of Hawaii established certification program to educate local communities to practice sustainable and conservation-minded tour operators - On the resource perspective, water, landscape and energy usage increased significantly and led to concerns on reduced natural habitats for birds and animals - On the refuse management perspective, trashes, especially plastics, became a major concern both environmentally and economically. Hawaii passed state laws in 2019 and 2021 to ban using plastics in food service, beverage bottles, utensils, stirring sticks, polystyrene foam containers, and straws. These are the first state-wide bans on food service plastics in America. - On social effect perspective, there are tensions between Native Hawaiians and residents who hold negative views towards tourism and visitors and the increasingly booming tourism industry.

summarization

<s><SYS>Impacts of tourism in Hawaii Economic As Hawaii changed from a Kingdom to a Territory to a State, so too did the dominant industries change. Being a primarily agricultural land, producing around 80 percent of the world's pineapples in the 1960s, the addition of Pan Am’s flight route to Hawaii rapidly increased the number of visitors going to the islands. The years following statehood led to more than double the number of passengers arriving at Honolulu airport. As this trend continues to increase, Hawaii's economy has become heavily dependent on the tourism industry. Although the economy has seen significant growth with the addition of this industry, some researchers believe this will leave Hawaii susceptible to external economic forces. Some examples of these are an economic recession, airline strikes, or varying fuel prices which could devastate the local economy. The devastating national economic recession of 2008, hit Hawaii's tourism industry hard. In 2008, hotel occupancy dropped to 60 percent, a level not seen since the terrorist attacks in 2001. As the economy has returned to normal levels, the tourism industry has continued to grow in Hawaii with the majority of tourists visiting Oahu, Maui, Kauai and the big island of Hawaii. Job creation is another benefit of tourism to the islands. In 2017, reports say 204,000 jobs were related to tourism. This led to $16.78 billion in visitor spending with $1.96 billion generated in tax revenue in that year alone. Resorts and the airline business are the primary benefactors of this increase in tourism. Environmental The Sustainable Tourism Association of Hawaii (formerly the Hawaii Ecotourism Association) was founded in 1995 as a 501(c)(3) nonprofit to nurture the development of sustainable tourism in Hawaii. It offers a certification program to educate and recognize conservation-minded tour operators in Hawaii, the only such certification program of its kind in America. The long term environmental implications that Hawaii is facing due to mass tourism has raised concern. To combat this and help raise awareness, international environmental organizations have joined forces with local island communities. There are major benefits to this type of management, usually described as "values-led management". By prioritizing the values and existing sustainable practices by local communities living on heavily visited islands, it preserves their interests and further respects their culture. Water Hotels are often placed near beaches, in areas with little rainfall, and guests use 2,000 to 10,000 litres (440 to 2,200 imp gal; 530 to 2,640 US gal) of water per person. Another study concluded that on average, a single guest uses approximately 1,300 to 3,600 litres (290 to 790 imp gal; 340 to 950 US gal) of water per day, divided approximately half between accommodations (laundry and sewer) and golf courses (irrigation). This is significantly more than the average resident and has led to a number of droughts throughout the islands. Landscape The number of hotel rooms from 1985 to 2010 nearly doubled from 65,000 to 132,000 rooms. Tourists visit destinations with developed infrastructure, groomed activities and pristine conditions, which boosts the economy and finances needed to uphold these facilities. On the other hand, the very creation of these institutions degrades the environmental factors tourists are drawn to. Having perfect conditions requires an amount of upkeep fueled by the revenue of the visitors but the visitors also degrade the environment at a faster rate than residents alone. A direct effect of the increase in infrastructure is the depletion of the natural landscape. As buildings are constructed the amount of natural land becomes smaller and smaller. As hotels are constructed in prime real estate the environmental problems created are not weighed equally with the potential upside of profit. The government sees the creation of jobs and the increase in visitor spending in the state as a good thing. Those are quantitative variables that can be directly measured in terms of dollars and number of jobs. However, the impact to the environment or the indigenous people is harder to measure in term of absolutes. Hawaii only holds 0.2 percent of the United States land but has a 72.1 percent extinction rate, and more than half of the natural communities in the islands are endangered by developments. An example of this is natural ponds being destroyed during construction of large buildings which were previously home to migrating birds. The ponds are no longer there, which throws off the natural flow of the ecosystem. Another staggering statistic says that nearly 60 percent of the plant and animal species in Hawaii are endangered. This includes the loss of habitats for animals and the diverse flora that gives Hawaii its beauty being degraded at an alarming rate. Energy Main article: Energy in Hawaii Hawaii has traditionally relied on fossil fuel-fired thermal power plants for its electricity generation, although it has set a statewide goal of achieving 100% of electric generation via renewable sources by 2045; as a result, the average guest uses the equivalent of 6.4 to 13 kilograms (14 to 29 lb) of oil per day, approximately 2⁄3 of which is consumed by rental car operation. For electricity alone, the average guest uses 23.9 to 33.6 kW-hr per day. Refuse The beaches in Hawaii are becoming increasingly filled with trash, especially plastics. This becomes a problem not only environmentally, but also could have a negative impact on the economy as visitors come for the sandy beaches and pollutants such as trash or plastics decrease the appeal of Hawaii as a vacation destination. Kamilo Beach on the southeastern tip of the island of Hawaii has acquired the nickname "Plastic Beach" for its accumulation of plastic trash, much of it borne via ocean currents and trade winds from the nearby Great Pacific garbage patch. It is estimated that 15 to 20 short tons (14 to 18 t) of trash, 96% of which is plastic, washes ashore here annually. The average guest generates approximately 3.3 kilograms (7.3 lb) of waste per day. In order to reduce the generation of plastic waste, Hawaii has begun to ban the use of single-use plastic and polystyrene foam on a county-by-county approach. A ban on polystyrene foam containers took effect in Maui County on December 31, 2018; a similar ban started in Hawaii County (the Big Island) on July 1, 2019. Oahu's ban on single-use plastic and polystyrene will take effect on January 1, 2021. Two bills were considered by the Hawaii State Legislature in early 2019, which would have been the first state-wide bans on food service plastics in America. SB367 would ban the use of polystrene foam food containers statewide; that bill died in committee in March 2019. SB522 would ban single-use plastic beverage bottles, utensils, stirring sticks, polystyrene foam containers, and straws starting in 2021; that bill was modified in committee to create a working group to make recommendations on how to reduce plastic waste instead. Social effect Some Native Hawaiians believe strongly in the independence of Hawaii and the Hawaiian sovereignty movement. The creation of this grassroots organization leads to a negative view towards visitors and the disruption of the natural land. This leads to a strong contention between developers and natives who believe the land should not be transformed into a commercial or residential development. Many of these individuals are reliant on the land as a means of living. The loss of the environment affects the socio-psychological well-being of those reliant on land and marine resources. Native Hawaiians and residents alike become limited in job opportunities with a heavily skewed job-base in the tourism industry. The essay "Lovely Hula Lands" (later republished as "Lovely Hula Hands") by native Hawaiian academic and activist Haunani-Kay Trask is severely critical of the huge influx of tourists to Hawaiʻi, which she terms a "prostitution" of Hawaiian culture. She ends her essay with "let me just leave this thought behind. If you are thinking of visiting my homeland, please don't. We don't want or need any more tourists, and we certainly don't like them." However, the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) has condemned Trask for her anti-American statements, stating that such vitriol helps fuel racism in Hawaiʻi.</SYS>[INST] Summarize how tourism impacted Hawaii in a variety of areas [/INST] - From economic perspective, tourism shifted Hawaii from being primarily agricultural and self-sustainable to heavily dependent on tourism industries and more susceptible on external economic forces such as economic recession or fuel prices. Increasing number of jobs and state income are coming from tourism-related businesses - On environmental perspective, the state of Hawaii established certification program to educate local communities to practice sustainable and conservation-minded tour operators - On the resource perspective, water, landscape and energy usage increased significantly and led to concerns on reduced natural habitats for birds and animals - On the refuse management perspective, trashes, especially plastics, became a major concern both environmentally and economically. Hawaii passed state laws in 2019 and 2021 to ban using plastics in food service, beverage bottles, utensils, stirring sticks, polystyrene foam containers, and straws. These are the first state-wide bans on food service plastics in America. - On social effect perspective, there are tensions between Native Hawaiians and residents who hold negative views towards tourism and visitors and the increasingly booming tourism industry. </s>

How can I tell my sourdough starter is ready to use?

You can look for a few signs to see if your sourdough starter is ready to use. One common sign to look for is whether the starter has at least doubled in volume. Time can be a difficult indicator as how long it takes for a starter to double volume can vary based on temperature, hydration, and other factors. Another sign to look for is a lot of bubbles throughout the starter - this can be seen if your starter is in a glass container. Lastly, get to know your starter as you bake with it because each starter has its own unique characteristics. Learn what it will smell like when it matures - this can help you establish a baseline and identify when something is wrong with the starter as it smells "funky".

general_qa

<s>[INST] How can I tell my sourdough starter is ready to use? [/INST] You can look for a few signs to see if your sourdough starter is ready to use. One common sign to look for is whether the starter has at least doubled in volume. Time can be a difficult indicator as how long it takes for a starter to double volume can vary based on temperature, hydration, and other factors. Another sign to look for is a lot of bubbles throughout the starter - this can be seen if your starter is in a glass container. Lastly, get to know your starter as you bake with it because each starter has its own unique characteristics. Learn what it will smell like when it matures - this can help you establish a baseline and identify when something is wrong with the starter as it smells "funky". </s>

How can I get better performance when querying a delta table?

To get better performance when querying a delta table, there are many things you can do. First, ensure you are using the Photon engine. The Photon engine is designed to handle high-concurrency and low-latency queries. If you are using DBSQL, Photon is included free of charge and is turned on by default. Second, you can use different indexing techniques when writing a Delta table for better read performance. Z-ordering and bloom filters are two effective techniques when used correctly. Third, ensure your SQL Warehouse or compute resource is appropriately sized. If you are trying to query a very large dataset from a very small warehouse, you will likely get slow query results.

general_qa

<s>[INST] How can I get better performance when querying a delta table? [/INST] To get better performance when querying a delta table, there are many things you can do. First, ensure you are using the Photon engine. The Photon engine is designed to handle high-concurrency and low-latency queries. If you are using DBSQL, Photon is included free of charge and is turned on by default. Second, you can use different indexing techniques when writing a Delta table for better read performance. Z-ordering and bloom filters are two effective techniques when used correctly. Third, ensure your SQL Warehouse or compute resource is appropriately sized. If you are trying to query a very large dataset from a very small warehouse, you will likely get slow query results. </s>

Tell me whether these items would be found under the hood of a car or inside a human: engine, transmission, heart, lungs, battery, alternator, blood, wiper fluid, engine oil, kidneys.

The car parts in this list include the engine, transmission, battery, alternator, wiper fluid and engine oil. The human parts include heart, lungs, blood and kidneys.

classification

<s>[INST] Tell me whether these items would be found under the hood of a car or inside a human: engine, transmission, heart, lungs, battery, alternator, blood, wiper fluid, engine oil, kidneys. [/INST] The car parts in this list include the engine, transmission, battery, alternator, wiper fluid and engine oil. The human parts include heart, lungs, blood and kidneys. </s>

What is structural genomics?

Structural genomics seeks to describe the 3-dimensional structure of every protein encoded by a given genome. This genome-based approach allows for a high-throughput method of structure determination by a combination of experimental and modeling approaches. The principal difference between structural genomics and traditional structural prediction is that structural genomics attempts to determine the structure of every protein encoded by the genome, rather than focusing on one particular protein. With full-genome sequences available, structure prediction can be done more quickly through a combination of experimental and modeling approaches, especially because the availability of large number of sequenced genomes and previously solved protein structures allows scientists to model protein structure on the structures of previously solved homologs. Because protein structure is closely linked with protein function, the structural genomics has the potential to inform knowledge of protein function. In addition to elucidating protein functions, structural genomics can be used to identify novel protein folds and potential targets for drug discovery. Structural genomics involves taking a large number of approaches to structure determination, including experimental methods using genomic sequences or modeling-based approaches based on sequence or structural homology to a protein of known structure or based on chemical and physical principles for a protein with no homology to any known structure. As opposed to traditional structural biology, the determination of a protein structure through a structural genomics effort often (but not always) comes before anything is known regarding the protein function. This raises new challenges in structural bioinformatics, i.e. determining protein function from its 3D structure. Structural genomics emphasizes high throughput determination of protein structures. This is performed in dedicated centers of structural genomics. While most structural biologists pursue structures of individual proteins or protein groups, specialists in structural genomics pursue structures of proteins on a genome wide scale. This implies large-scale cloning, expression and purification. One main advantage of this approach is economy of scale. On the other hand, the scientific value of some resultant structures is at times questioned. A Science article from January 2006 analyzes the structural genomics field. One advantage of structural genomics, such as the Protein Structure Initiative, is that the scientific community gets immediate access to new structures, as well as to reagents such as clones and protein. A disadvantage is that many of these structures are of proteins of unknown function and do not have corresponding publications. This requires new ways of communicating this structural information to the broader research community. The Bioinformatics core of the Joint center for structural genomics (JCSG) has recently developed a wiki-based approach namely Open protein structure annotation network (TOPSAN) for annotating protein structures emerging from high-throughput structural genomics centers.

open_qa

<s>[INST] What is structural genomics? [/INST] Structural genomics seeks to describe the 3-dimensional structure of every protein encoded by a given genome. This genome-based approach allows for a high-throughput method of structure determination by a combination of experimental and modeling approaches. The principal difference between structural genomics and traditional structural prediction is that structural genomics attempts to determine the structure of every protein encoded by the genome, rather than focusing on one particular protein. With full-genome sequences available, structure prediction can be done more quickly through a combination of experimental and modeling approaches, especially because the availability of large number of sequenced genomes and previously solved protein structures allows scientists to model protein structure on the structures of previously solved homologs. Because protein structure is closely linked with protein function, the structural genomics has the potential to inform knowledge of protein function. In addition to elucidating protein functions, structural genomics can be used to identify novel protein folds and potential targets for drug discovery. Structural genomics involves taking a large number of approaches to structure determination, including experimental methods using genomic sequences or modeling-based approaches based on sequence or structural homology to a protein of known structure or based on chemical and physical principles for a protein with no homology to any known structure. As opposed to traditional structural biology, the determination of a protein structure through a structural genomics effort often (but not always) comes before anything is known regarding the protein function. This raises new challenges in structural bioinformatics, i.e. determining protein function from its 3D structure. Structural genomics emphasizes high throughput determination of protein structures. This is performed in dedicated centers of structural genomics. While most structural biologists pursue structures of individual proteins or protein groups, specialists in structural genomics pursue structures of proteins on a genome wide scale. This implies large-scale cloning, expression and purification. One main advantage of this approach is economy of scale. On the other hand, the scientific value of some resultant structures is at times questioned. A Science article from January 2006 analyzes the structural genomics field. One advantage of structural genomics, such as the Protein Structure Initiative, is that the scientific community gets immediate access to new structures, as well as to reagents such as clones and protein. A disadvantage is that many of these structures are of proteins of unknown function and do not have corresponding publications. This requires new ways of communicating this structural information to the broader research community. The Bioinformatics core of the Joint center for structural genomics (JCSG) has recently developed a wiki-based approach namely Open protein structure annotation network (TOPSAN) for annotating protein structures emerging from high-throughput structural genomics centers. </s>

From this summary of how Bilbo found the Ring in The Hobbit, how did Bilbo beat Gollum at the Riddle game?

As told in The Hobbit, Bilbo found the Ring while lost in the tunnels near Gollum's lair. In the first edition, Gollum offers to surrender the Ring to Bilbo as a reward for winning the Riddle Game. When Tolkien was writing The Lord of the Rings, he realized that the Ring's grip on Gollum would never permit him to give it up willingly. He therefore revised The Hobbit: in the second edition, after losing the Riddle Game to Bilbo, Gollum went to get his "Precious" to help him kill and eat Bilbo, but found the Ring missing. Deducing from Bilbo's last question—"What have I got in my pocket?"—that Bilbo had found the Ring, Gollum chased him through the caves, not realizing that Bilbo had discovered the Ring's power of invisibility and was following him to the cave's mouth. Bilbo escaped Gollum and the goblins by remaining invisible, but he chose not to tell Gandalf and the dwarves that the Ring had made him invisible. Instead he told them a story that followed the first edition: that Gollum had given him the Ring and shown him the way out. Gandalf was immediately suspicious of the Ring, and later forced the real story from Bilbo.

Gollum was unable to answer Bilbo's last question, "What have I got in my pocket?".

closed_qa

<s><SYS>As told in The Hobbit, Bilbo found the Ring while lost in the tunnels near Gollum's lair. In the first edition, Gollum offers to surrender the Ring to Bilbo as a reward for winning the Riddle Game. When Tolkien was writing The Lord of the Rings, he realized that the Ring's grip on Gollum would never permit him to give it up willingly. He therefore revised The Hobbit: in the second edition, after losing the Riddle Game to Bilbo, Gollum went to get his "Precious" to help him kill and eat Bilbo, but found the Ring missing. Deducing from Bilbo's last question—"What have I got in my pocket?"—that Bilbo had found the Ring, Gollum chased him through the caves, not realizing that Bilbo had discovered the Ring's power of invisibility and was following him to the cave's mouth. Bilbo escaped Gollum and the goblins by remaining invisible, but he chose not to tell Gandalf and the dwarves that the Ring had made him invisible. Instead he told them a story that followed the first edition: that Gollum had given him the Ring and shown him the way out. Gandalf was immediately suspicious of the Ring, and later forced the real story from Bilbo.</SYS>[INST] From this summary of how Bilbo found the Ring in The Hobbit, how did Bilbo beat Gollum at the Riddle game? [/INST] Gollum was unable to answer Bilbo's last question, "What have I got in my pocket?". </s>

how can you benefit from sauna?

Sauna is a type of therapeutic therapy for both the body and the mind. It reduces inflammation in your body, it rids your body of toxins, good for heart health, reduces allergies and helps with sleep to name a few. Different sauna types like wood burning, heat rocks and electric heathers can warm the sauna rooms to different temperatures ranging from 150 F to 195 F. You can choose any one depends on how tolerable you are to heat.

brainstorming

<s>[INST] how can you benefit from sauna? [/INST] Sauna is a type of therapeutic therapy for both the body and the mind. It reduces inflammation in your body, it rids your body of toxins, good for heart health, reduces allergies and helps with sleep to name a few. Different sauna types like wood burning, heat rocks and electric heathers can warm the sauna rooms to different temperatures ranging from 150 F to 195 F. You can choose any one depends on how tolerable you are to heat. </s>

Give me a list with name suggestions for a white girl kitten that I just adopted.

1. Lily 2. Yuki 3. Zoe 4. Elsa 5. Daisy 6. Molly 7. Kiki

brainstorming

<s>[INST] Give me a list with name suggestions for a white girl kitten that I just adopted. [/INST] 1. Lily 2. Yuki 3. Zoe 4. Elsa 5. Daisy 6. Molly 7. Kiki </s>

What are some ways to inculcate practice based learning in kids?

Learning by doing is one of the best ways a kid can learn a concept. One way to do this is by using STEM based home kits that complement what a kid learns at school. For every concept the kid learns at school they should be exposed to application of the concept in the real world. Additionally, modern technology like virtual reality and augmented reality can fill the gap to an extent. Using Virtual Reality kids can see and visit places such as factories, landmarks which are hard to visit. Using Augmented Reality kids can see things right in from of them and can interact deeply with the 3D object closely. the learning curriculum must be comprehensive and emphasize experiential learning.

brainstorming

<s>[INST] What are some ways to inculcate practice based learning in kids? [/INST] Learning by doing is one of the best ways a kid can learn a concept. One way to do this is by using STEM based home kits that complement what a kid learns at school. For every concept the kid learns at school they should be exposed to application of the concept in the real world. Additionally, modern technology like virtual reality and augmented reality can fill the gap to an extent. Using Virtual Reality kids can see and visit places such as factories, landmarks which are hard to visit. Using Augmented Reality kids can see things right in from of them and can interact deeply with the 3D object closely. the learning curriculum must be comprehensive and emphasize experiential learning. </s>

Give me a list of items I should bring to the beach this weekend.

Here is a list of items you should bring to the beach this weekend: 1. Bathing Suit 2. Tent 3. Beers 4. Towels 5. Sandals 6. Sand Toys 7. Sand Blanket 8. Cooler

brainstorming

<s>[INST] Give me a list of items I should bring to the beach this weekend. [/INST] Here is a list of items you should bring to the beach this weekend: 1. Bathing Suit 2. Tent 3. Beers 4. Towels 5. Sandals 6. Sand Toys 7. Sand Blanket 8. Cooler </s>

Can 4 working days a week achieve same result as 5 working days a week?

Firstly 4 day work week is not working overtime for the same hours over 4 days. Rather it is generally defined as reduced working hours. It has tried in different parts of the world on an experimental basis and a few of the organisations have adopted it permanently. Reducing working hours is not a completely a new idea. Over the last century, the working hours have been reduced and it has benefited employees as well as employers. A few key benefits include reduced burnout of employees, higher productivity, reduced carbon footprint and less number of absences. It can also help attract talent in the job market. However it can increase cost of the employer. In addition, it may not be suitable for all industries or employees. in summary, it is one of the viable option and based on the industry, it might be adopted further in the near future.

brainstorming

<s>[INST] Can 4 working days a week achieve same result as 5 working days a week? [/INST] Firstly 4 day work week is not working overtime for the same hours over 4 days. Rather it is generally defined as reduced working hours. It has tried in different parts of the world on an experimental basis and a few of the organisations have adopted it permanently. Reducing working hours is not a completely a new idea. Over the last century, the working hours have been reduced and it has benefited employees as well as employers. A few key benefits include reduced burnout of employees, higher productivity, reduced carbon footprint and less number of absences. It can also help attract talent in the job market. However it can increase cost of the employer. In addition, it may not be suitable for all industries or employees. in summary, it is one of the viable option and based on the industry, it might be adopted further in the near future. </s>

Who created the game of basketball?

Basketball was invented by Dr. James Naismith, a canadian physical education teacher in winter of 1891. The game was invented to keep his students active during the Winter months.

general_qa

<s>[INST] Who created the game of basketball? [/INST] Basketball was invented by Dr. James Naismith, a canadian physical education teacher in winter of 1891. The game was invented to keep his students active during the Winter months. </s>

Where is the "Prairie Chicken Capital of the World"?

Cassoday is a city in Butler County, Kansas, United States. It is known as the "Prairie Chicken Capital of the World". As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 113.

Cassoday, KS in Butler County, Kansas is known as the "Prairie Chicken Capital of the World". Its population in the 2020 census was 113 people.

summarization

<s><SYS>Cassoday is a city in Butler County, Kansas, United States. It is known as the "Prairie Chicken Capital of the World". As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 113.</SYS>[INST] Where is the "Prairie Chicken Capital of the World"? [/INST] Cassoday, KS in Butler County, Kansas is known as the "Prairie Chicken Capital of the World". Its population in the 2020 census was 113 people. </s>

Clarence Albert Pierce, Jr., tell me where he was born and what college he went attended.

Clarence Albert Pierce, Jr. (born October 1, 1928) is an American politician in the state of Mississippi. He served in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1952 to 1984. He was a teacher and farmer. He attended the University of Mississippi, graduating in 1950. Pierce served as an assistant to Senator James Eastland when the Mississippi House was not in session.

Clarence Albert Pierce, Jr. was born on October 1, 1928 and attended the University of Mississippi.

closed_qa

<s><SYS>Clarence Albert Pierce, Jr. (born October 1, 1928) is an American politician in the state of Mississippi. He served in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1952 to 1984. He was a teacher and farmer. He attended the University of Mississippi, graduating in 1950. Pierce served as an assistant to Senator James Eastland when the Mississippi House was not in session.</SYS>[INST] Clarence Albert Pierce, Jr., tell me where he was born and what college he went attended. [/INST] Clarence Albert Pierce, Jr. was born on October 1, 1928 and attended the University of Mississippi. </s>

What medicine is inside of an EpiPen?

Epinephrine (adrenaline)

open_qa

<s>[INST] What medicine is inside of an EpiPen? [/INST] Epinephrine (adrenaline) </s>

Give me a list of the last five european golden boots winner And tell me how many goals they scored.

1. Robert Lewandowski, 2022-2021, 35 goals 2. Robert Lewandowski, 2021-2020, 41 goals 3. Ciro Immobile, 2020-2019, 36 goals 4. Lionel Messi, 2019-2018, 36 goals 5. Lionel Messi, 2018-2017, 34 goals

brainstorming

<s>[INST] Give me a list of the last five european golden boots winner And tell me how many goals they scored. [/INST] 1. Robert Lewandowski, 2022-2021, 35 goals 2. Robert Lewandowski, 2021-2020, 41 goals 3. Ciro Immobile, 2020-2019, 36 goals 4. Lionel Messi, 2019-2018, 36 goals 5. Lionel Messi, 2018-2017, 34 goals </s>

Given this paragraph about the experiment that led to the discovery of penicillin by Sir Alexander Fleming, tell me upon which types of bacteria penicillin has an anti-bacterial effect, and list the conditions that were necessary for the discovery of penicillin

By 1927, Fleming had been investigating the properties of staphylococci. He was already well known from his earlier work, and had developed a reputation as a brilliant researcher. In 1928, he studied the variation of Staphylococcus aureus grown under natural condition, after the work of Joseph Warwick Bigger, who discovered that the bacterium could grow into a variety of types (strains). On 3 September 1928, Fleming returned to his laboratory having spent a holiday with his family at Suffolk. Before leaving for his holiday, he inoculated staphylococci on culture plates and left them on a bench in a corner of his laboratory. On his return, Fleming noticed that one culture was contaminated with a fungus, and that the colonies of staphylococci immediately surrounding the fungus had been destroyed, whereas other staphylococci colonies farther away were normal, famously remarking "That's funny". Fleming showed the contaminated culture to his former assistant Merlin Pryce, who reminded him, "That's how you discovered lysozyme." He identified the mould as being from the genus Penicillium. He suspected it to be P. chrysogenum, but a colleague Charles J. La Touche identified it as P. rubrum. (It was later corrected as P. notatum and then officially accepted as P. chrysogenum; in 2011, it was resolved as P. rubens.) The laboratory in which Fleming discovered and tested penicillin is preserved as the Alexander Fleming Laboratory Museum in St. Mary's Hospital, Paddington. The source of the fungal contaminant was established in 1966 as coming from La Touche's room, which was directly below Fleming's. Fleming grew the mould in a pure culture and found that the culture broth contained an antibacterial substance. He investigated its anti-bacterial effect on many organisms, and noticed that it affected bacteria such as staphylococci and many other Gram-positive pathogens that cause scarlet fever, pneumonia, meningitis and diphtheria, but not typhoid fever or paratyphoid fever, which are caused by Gram-negative bacteria, for which he was seeking a cure at the time. It also affected Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which causes gonorrhoea, although this bacterium is Gram-negative. After some months of calling it "mould juice" or "the inhibitor", he gave the name penicillin on 7 March 1929 for the antibacterial substance present in the mould.

Penicillin has an anti-bacterial effect of a number of Gram-positive bacteria including but not limited to the bacteria that cause meningitis, diptheria, pneumonia, scarlet fever. It also acts on (Gram-positive) staphylococci bacteria which cause skin and soft tissue infections such as boils. Penicillin was also found to have an anti-bacterial action on the Gram-negative bacteria which causes gonorrhoea. There were a series of fortuitous circumstances which combined to allow the discovery of penicillin, one of which was Sir Alexander's choice to take a holiday with his family after leaving staphylococci bacteria in a culture in his lab before departure. Anecdotally Sir Alexander was a little sloppy with lab hygiene which contributed to his previous discovery of lysozyme and it seems the same lack of care was partly responsible for the discovery of penicillin. Lastly the specific location of his lab and cultures played a role - the fungal contaminant that had an anti-bacterial effect on the staphylococci culture came from Sir Alexander's colleagues lab one floor below

closed_qa

<s><SYS>By 1927, Fleming had been investigating the properties of staphylococci. He was already well known from his earlier work, and had developed a reputation as a brilliant researcher. In 1928, he studied the variation of Staphylococcus aureus grown under natural condition, after the work of Joseph Warwick Bigger, who discovered that the bacterium could grow into a variety of types (strains). On 3 September 1928, Fleming returned to his laboratory having spent a holiday with his family at Suffolk. Before leaving for his holiday, he inoculated staphylococci on culture plates and left them on a bench in a corner of his laboratory. On his return, Fleming noticed that one culture was contaminated with a fungus, and that the colonies of staphylococci immediately surrounding the fungus had been destroyed, whereas other staphylococci colonies farther away were normal, famously remarking "That's funny". Fleming showed the contaminated culture to his former assistant Merlin Pryce, who reminded him, "That's how you discovered lysozyme." He identified the mould as being from the genus Penicillium. He suspected it to be P. chrysogenum, but a colleague Charles J. La Touche identified it as P. rubrum. (It was later corrected as P. notatum and then officially accepted as P. chrysogenum; in 2011, it was resolved as P. rubens.) The laboratory in which Fleming discovered and tested penicillin is preserved as the Alexander Fleming Laboratory Museum in St. Mary's Hospital, Paddington. The source of the fungal contaminant was established in 1966 as coming from La Touche's room, which was directly below Fleming's. Fleming grew the mould in a pure culture and found that the culture broth contained an antibacterial substance. He investigated its anti-bacterial effect on many organisms, and noticed that it affected bacteria such as staphylococci and many other Gram-positive pathogens that cause scarlet fever, pneumonia, meningitis and diphtheria, but not typhoid fever or paratyphoid fever, which are caused by Gram-negative bacteria, for which he was seeking a cure at the time. It also affected Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which causes gonorrhoea, although this bacterium is Gram-negative. After some months of calling it "mould juice" or "the inhibitor", he gave the name penicillin on 7 March 1929 for the antibacterial substance present in the mould.</SYS>[INST] Given this paragraph about the experiment that led to the discovery of penicillin by Sir Alexander Fleming, tell me upon which types of bacteria penicillin has an anti-bacterial effect, and list the conditions that were necessary for the discovery of penicillin [/INST] Penicillin has an anti-bacterial effect of a number of Gram-positive bacteria including but not limited to the bacteria that cause meningitis, diptheria, pneumonia, scarlet fever. It also acts on (Gram-positive) staphylococci bacteria which cause skin and soft tissue infections such as boils. Penicillin was also found to have an anti-bacterial action on the Gram-negative bacteria which causes gonorrhoea. There were a series of fortuitous circumstances which combined to allow the discovery of penicillin, one of which was Sir Alexander's choice to take a holiday with his family after leaving staphylococci bacteria in a culture in his lab before departure. Anecdotally Sir Alexander was a little sloppy with lab hygiene which contributed to his previous discovery of lysozyme and it seems the same lack of care was partly responsible for the discovery of penicillin. Lastly the specific location of his lab and cultures played a role - the fungal contaminant that had an anti-bacterial effect on the staphylococci culture came from Sir Alexander's colleagues lab one floor below </s>

Is weightlifting good for you?

Weightlifting can be a healthy part of any fitness plan due to how it develops muscle mass across your body. This increase in muscle mass can enhance strength, speed, and explosiveness. Weightlifting has also been shown to improve many important biomarkers such as testosterone and cortisol levels.

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<s>[INST] Is weightlifting good for you? [/INST] Weightlifting can be a healthy part of any fitness plan due to how it develops muscle mass across your body. This increase in muscle mass can enhance strength, speed, and explosiveness. Weightlifting has also been shown to improve many important biomarkers such as testosterone and cortisol levels. </s>

In a concise bulleted list, tell me what audiologists do when they are seeing a patient

Audiology (from Latin audīre, "to hear"; and from Greek -λογία, -logia) is a branch of science that studies hearing, balance, and related disorders. Audiologists treat those with hearing loss and proactively prevent related damage. By employing various testing strategies (e.g. behavioral hearing tests, otoacoustic emission measurements, and electrophysiologic tests), audiologists aim to determine whether someone has normal sensitivity to sounds. If hearing loss is identified, audiologists determine which portions of hearing (high, middle, or low frequencies) are affected, to what degree (severity of loss), and where the lesion causing the hearing loss is found (outer ear, middle ear, inner ear, auditory nerve and/or central nervous system). If an audiologist determines that a hearing loss or vestibular abnormality is present, they will provide recommendations for interventions or rehabilitation (e.g. hearing aids, cochlear implants, appropriate medical referrals).

* Audiologists aim to determine whether someone has normal sensitivity to sounds. * If hearing loss is identified, audiologists determine which portions of hearing are affected, to what degree, and where the lesion causing the hearing loss is found * If an audiologist determines that hearing loss is present, they will provide recommendations for interventions or rehabilitation

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<s><SYS>Audiology (from Latin audīre, "to hear"; and from Greek -λογία, -logia) is a branch of science that studies hearing, balance, and related disorders. Audiologists treat those with hearing loss and proactively prevent related damage. By employing various testing strategies (e.g. behavioral hearing tests, otoacoustic emission measurements, and electrophysiologic tests), audiologists aim to determine whether someone has normal sensitivity to sounds. If hearing loss is identified, audiologists determine which portions of hearing (high, middle, or low frequencies) are affected, to what degree (severity of loss), and where the lesion causing the hearing loss is found (outer ear, middle ear, inner ear, auditory nerve and/or central nervous system). If an audiologist determines that a hearing loss or vestibular abnormality is present, they will provide recommendations for interventions or rehabilitation (e.g. hearing aids, cochlear implants, appropriate medical referrals).</SYS>[INST] In a concise bulleted list, tell me what audiologists do when they are seeing a patient [/INST] * Audiologists aim to determine whether someone has normal sensitivity to sounds. * If hearing loss is identified, audiologists determine which portions of hearing are affected, to what degree, and where the lesion causing the hearing loss is found * If an audiologist determines that hearing loss is present, they will provide recommendations for interventions or rehabilitation </s>

Why is CH the Country Code for Switzerland?

It is because the Latin name of the country is Helvetia, and it can still be seen on various stamps. The full form of CH is Confoederatio Helvetica which means Swiss Confederation.

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<s>[INST] Why is CH the Country Code for Switzerland? [/INST] It is because the Latin name of the country is Helvetia, and it can still be seen on various stamps. The full form of CH is Confoederatio Helvetica which means Swiss Confederation. </s>

What is GMROI?

GMROI is short for Gross Margin Return on Investment. It's a metric used in retail to quantify the profitability of your purchased inventory. The formula for it can be simplified to: Gross Margin / Average Cost of Inventory.

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<s>[INST] What is GMROI? [/INST] GMROI is short for Gross Margin Return on Investment. It's a metric used in retail to quantify the profitability of your purchased inventory. The formula for it can be simplified to: Gross Margin / Average Cost of Inventory. </s>

What are the top largest economies in the world?

The United States China Japan Germany

brainstorming

<s>[INST] What are the top largest economies in the world? [/INST] The United States China Japan Germany </s>

Identify from the following list characters from The X-Files who are bald or balding: Walter Skinner, John Fitzgerald Byers, Dana Scully, Melvin Frohike, Darius Michaud, Peter Watts, Conrad Strughold, Queequeg

Walter Skinner, Melvin Frohike, Darius Michaud, Peter Watts, Conrad Strughold

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<s>[INST] Identify from the following list characters from The X-Files who are bald or balding: Walter Skinner, John Fitzgerald Byers, Dana Scully, Melvin Frohike, Darius Michaud, Peter Watts, Conrad Strughold, Queequeg [/INST] Walter Skinner, Melvin Frohike, Darius Michaud, Peter Watts, Conrad Strughold </s>

From the text, how long after the events of Return of the Jedi is the Mandalorian series set? Convert years into months, and use letters to spell out the answer.

The Mandalorian is an American space Western television series created by Jon Favreau for the streaming service Disney+. It is the first live-action series in the Star Wars franchise, beginning five years after the events of Return of the Jedi (1983), and stars Pedro Pascal as the title character, a lone bounty hunter who goes on the run to protect the Force-sensitive child Grogu. Starting in the third season, Katee Sackhoff also stars as Mandalorian Bo-Katan Kryze, following her appearance in the second season.

sixty

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<s><SYS>The Mandalorian is an American space Western television series created by Jon Favreau for the streaming service Disney+. It is the first live-action series in the Star Wars franchise, beginning five years after the events of Return of the Jedi (1983), and stars Pedro Pascal as the title character, a lone bounty hunter who goes on the run to protect the Force-sensitive child Grogu. Starting in the third season, Katee Sackhoff also stars as Mandalorian Bo-Katan Kryze, following her appearance in the second season.</SYS>[INST] From the text, how long after the events of Return of the Jedi is the Mandalorian series set? Convert years into months, and use letters to spell out the answer. [/INST] sixty </s>

Given this paragraph about the Allegory of Peace, what does it represent?

Allegory of Peace or Triumph of Peace is a 1652 oil-on-canvas painting by Dutch artist Jan Lievens. The painting represents the 1648 Treaty of Münster and depicts Minerva, the goddess of wisdom, crowning Pax, the goddess of peace.

The painting represents the 1648 Treaty of Münster and depicts Minerva, the goddess of wisdom, crowning Pax, the goddess of peace.

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<s><SYS>Allegory of Peace or Triumph of Peace is a 1652 oil-on-canvas painting by Dutch artist Jan Lievens. The painting represents the 1648 Treaty of Münster and depicts Minerva, the goddess of wisdom, crowning Pax, the goddess of peace.</SYS>[INST] Given this paragraph about the Allegory of Peace, what does it represent? [/INST] The painting represents the 1648 Treaty of Münster and depicts Minerva, the goddess of wisdom, crowning Pax, the goddess of peace. </s>

Name some famous paintings by Van Gogh.

The time in Arles became one of Van Gogh's more prolific periods: he completed 200 paintings and more than 100 drawings and watercolours. He was enchanted by the local countryside and light; his works from this period are rich in yellow, ultramarine and mauve. They include harvests, wheat fields and general rural landmarks from the area, including The Old Mill (1888), one of seven canvases sent to Pont-Aven on 4 October 1888 in an exchange of works with Paul Gauguin, Émile Bernard, Charles Laval and others. The portrayals of Arles are informed by his Dutch upbringing; the patchworks of fields and avenues are flat and lacking perspective, but excel in their use of colour. In March 1888 he painted landscapes using a gridded "perspective frame"; three of the works were shown at the annual exhibition of the Société des Artistes Indépendants. In April, he was visited by the American artist Dodge MacKnight, who was living nearby at Fontvieille. On 1 May 1888, for 15 francs per month, he signed a lease for the eastern wing of the Yellow House at 2 place Lamartine. The rooms were unfurnished and had been uninhabited for months. On 7 May, Van Gogh moved from the Hôtel Carrel to the Café de la Gare, having befriended the proprietors, Joseph and Marie Ginoux. The Yellow House had to be furnished before he could fully move in, but he was able to use it as a studio. He wanted a gallery to display his work and started a series of paintings that eventually included Van Gogh's Chair (1888), Bedroom in Arles (1888), The Night Café (1888), Café Terrace at Night (September 1888), Starry Night Over the Rhone (1888), and Still Life: Vase with Twelve Sunflowers (1888), all intended for the decoration for the Yellow House. Van Gogh wrote that with The Night Café he tried "to express the idea that the café is a place where one can ruin oneself, go mad, or commit a crime". When he visited Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer in June, he gave lessons to a Zouave second lieutenant – Paul-Eugène Milliet – and painted boats on the sea and the village. MacKnight introduced Van Gogh to Eugène Boch, a Belgian painter who sometimes stayed in Fontvieille, and the two exchanged visits in July.

Some famous paintings of Vincent van Gogh include Van Gogh's Chair (1888), Bedroom in Arles (1888), The Night Café (1888), Café Terrace at Night (September 1888), Starry Night Over the Rhone (1888), and Still Life: Vase with Twelve Sunflowers (1888).

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<s><SYS>The time in Arles became one of Van Gogh's more prolific periods: he completed 200 paintings and more than 100 drawings and watercolours. He was enchanted by the local countryside and light; his works from this period are rich in yellow, ultramarine and mauve. They include harvests, wheat fields and general rural landmarks from the area, including The Old Mill (1888), one of seven canvases sent to Pont-Aven on 4 October 1888 in an exchange of works with Paul Gauguin, Émile Bernard, Charles Laval and others. The portrayals of Arles are informed by his Dutch upbringing; the patchworks of fields and avenues are flat and lacking perspective, but excel in their use of colour. In March 1888 he painted landscapes using a gridded "perspective frame"; three of the works were shown at the annual exhibition of the Société des Artistes Indépendants. In April, he was visited by the American artist Dodge MacKnight, who was living nearby at Fontvieille. On 1 May 1888, for 15 francs per month, he signed a lease for the eastern wing of the Yellow House at 2 place Lamartine. The rooms were unfurnished and had been uninhabited for months. On 7 May, Van Gogh moved from the Hôtel Carrel to the Café de la Gare, having befriended the proprietors, Joseph and Marie Ginoux. The Yellow House had to be furnished before he could fully move in, but he was able to use it as a studio. He wanted a gallery to display his work and started a series of paintings that eventually included Van Gogh's Chair (1888), Bedroom in Arles (1888), The Night Café (1888), Café Terrace at Night (September 1888), Starry Night Over the Rhone (1888), and Still Life: Vase with Twelve Sunflowers (1888), all intended for the decoration for the Yellow House. Van Gogh wrote that with The Night Café he tried "to express the idea that the café is a place where one can ruin oneself, go mad, or commit a crime". When he visited Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer in June, he gave lessons to a Zouave second lieutenant – Paul-Eugène Milliet – and painted boats on the sea and the village. MacKnight introduced Van Gogh to Eugène Boch, a Belgian painter who sometimes stayed in Fontvieille, and the two exchanged visits in July.</SYS>[INST] Name some famous paintings by Van Gogh. [/INST] Some famous paintings of Vincent van Gogh include Van Gogh's Chair (1888), Bedroom in Arles (1888), The Night Café (1888), Café Terrace at Night (September 1888), Starry Night Over the Rhone (1888), and Still Life: Vase with Twelve Sunflowers (1888). </s>

Why was the Battle of Stalingrad so important?

The Battle of Stalingrad was a major battle on the Eastern Front of World War II where Nazi Germany and its allies unsuccessfully fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad (later renamed Volgograd) in Southern Russia. The battle was marked by fierce close-quarters combat and direct assaults on civilians in air raids, with the battle epitomizing urban warfare.The Battle of Stalingrad was the deadliest battle to take place during the Second World War. Today, the Battle of Stalingrad is universally regarded as the turning point in the European Theatre of war, as it forced the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (German High Command) to withdraw considerable military forces from other areas in occupied Europe to replace German losses on the Eastern Front, ending with the rout of the six field armies of Army Group B, including the destruction of Nazi Germany's 6th Army and an entire corps of its 4th Panzer Army. The victory at Stalingrad energized the Red Army and shifted the balance of power in the favour of the Soviets.

Battle of Stalingrad was critical and device fight between Nazi Germany and Soviet Union for few reasons. Firstly, it was deadliest and most intense fighting between two powers, binding very sizeable forces. The city itself was strategic as it hold the keys to the southern part and oil fields. Thirdly, it had a symbolic value for Stalin. And last but not least, it turned the tide in the war.

summarization

<s><SYS>The Battle of Stalingrad was a major battle on the Eastern Front of World War II where Nazi Germany and its allies unsuccessfully fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad (later renamed Volgograd) in Southern Russia. The battle was marked by fierce close-quarters combat and direct assaults on civilians in air raids, with the battle epitomizing urban warfare.The Battle of Stalingrad was the deadliest battle to take place during the Second World War. Today, the Battle of Stalingrad is universally regarded as the turning point in the European Theatre of war, as it forced the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (German High Command) to withdraw considerable military forces from other areas in occupied Europe to replace German losses on the Eastern Front, ending with the rout of the six field armies of Army Group B, including the destruction of Nazi Germany's 6th Army and an entire corps of its 4th Panzer Army. The victory at Stalingrad energized the Red Army and shifted the balance of power in the favour of the Soviets.</SYS>[INST] Why was the Battle of Stalingrad so important? [/INST] Battle of Stalingrad was critical and device fight between Nazi Germany and Soviet Union for few reasons. Firstly, it was deadliest and most intense fighting between two powers, binding very sizeable forces. The city itself was strategic as it hold the keys to the southern part and oil fields. Thirdly, it had a symbolic value for Stalin. And last but not least, it turned the tide in the war. </s>

Imagine you're seeing colors for the first time. Explain what you see and how you feel.

I honestly never thought I would experience colors in my lifetime. I'm overwhelmed with the amount of new colors I see. I now see more than just two different options when viewing the world. Although I'm aware, It's still unclear to me how to match the colors I see to their proper names. It will be very helpful to match what I'm seeing with their proper names. What a wonderful day; I'm wiping the tears from my eyes in pure joy!

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<s>[INST] Imagine you're seeing colors for the first time. Explain what you see and how you feel. [/INST] I honestly never thought I would experience colors in my lifetime. I'm overwhelmed with the amount of new colors I see. I now see more than just two different options when viewing the world. Although I'm aware, It's still unclear to me how to match the colors I see to their proper names. It will be very helpful to match what I'm seeing with their proper names. What a wonderful day; I'm wiping the tears from my eyes in pure joy! </s>

Classify these movies based on their release year Kedarnath, Bala, Raazi, Kaashi, Article 15

2018 - Kedarnath, Raazi, Kaashi 2019 - Bala, Article 15

classification

<s>[INST] Classify these movies based on their release year Kedarnath, Bala, Raazi, Kaashi, Article 15 [/INST] 2018 - Kedarnath, Raazi, Kaashi 2019 - Bala, Article 15 </s>

Why is Falmouth, Massachusetts a great place to visit for vacation?

Falmouth, Massachusetts is located on Cape Cod, approximately 90 minutes south of Boston. Falmouth offers many activities for adults and children, including beaches, bike trails, shopping, dining, minor league baseball, maritime activities, fairs and ferries to Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket.

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<s>[INST] Why is Falmouth, Massachusetts a great place to visit for vacation? [/INST] Falmouth, Massachusetts is located on Cape Cod, approximately 90 minutes south of Boston. Falmouth offers many activities for adults and children, including beaches, bike trails, shopping, dining, minor league baseball, maritime activities, fairs and ferries to Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket. </s>

Extract and list the names of characters a player can control in The Last of Us mentioned in the paragraph. Also describe relationships between those characters.

The Last of Us is an action-adventure game played from a third-person perspective. The player traverses post-apocalyptic environments such as towns, buildings, forests, and sewers to advance the story. The player can use firearms, improvised weapons, hand-to-hand combat, and stealth to defend against hostile humans and cannibalistic creatures infected by a mutated strain of the Cordyceps fungus. For most of the game, the player takes control of Joel, a man tasked with escorting a young girl, Ellie, across the United States. The player also controls Ellie throughout the game's winter segment and briefly controls Joel's daughter, Sarah, in the opening sequence.

In the Last of Us, a player can control Joel, Ellie (who is being escorted by Joel across the United States), and Sarah (who is Joel's daughter).

information_extraction

<s><SYS>The Last of Us is an action-adventure game played from a third-person perspective. The player traverses post-apocalyptic environments such as towns, buildings, forests, and sewers to advance the story. The player can use firearms, improvised weapons, hand-to-hand combat, and stealth to defend against hostile humans and cannibalistic creatures infected by a mutated strain of the Cordyceps fungus. For most of the game, the player takes control of Joel, a man tasked with escorting a young girl, Ellie, across the United States. The player also controls Ellie throughout the game's winter segment and briefly controls Joel's daughter, Sarah, in the opening sequence.</SYS>[INST] Extract and list the names of characters a player can control in The Last of Us mentioned in the paragraph. Also describe relationships between those characters. [/INST] In the Last of Us, a player can control Joel, Ellie (who is being escorted by Joel across the United States), and Sarah (who is Joel's daughter). </s>

What is the video game Diablo

Diablo is a action time playing dungeon crawler video game series developed by Blizzard entertainment. The series is made up of multiple games, Diablo, Diablo II, Diablo III, Diablo immortal and soon Diablo IV

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<s>[INST] What is the video game Diablo [/INST] Diablo is a action time playing dungeon crawler video game series developed by Blizzard entertainment. The series is made up of multiple games, Diablo, Diablo II, Diablo III, Diablo immortal and soon Diablo IV </s>